hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lee Dugatkin
Lee Alan Dugatkin is an evolutionary biologist, animal behaviorist and historian of science at the University of Louisville. His research includes work on the evolution of cooperation, the evolution of altruism, the evolution of aggression, the evolution of culture, the process of domestication, the evolution of antibiotic resistance, the evolution of monozygotic twinning, social networks in nonhumans, and the role of natural history in 18th and 19th century America and Europe. Dugatkin's work has been cited in the literature more than 16,000 times.

Ethology
Ethology is a branch of zoology that studies the behaviour of non-human animals. It has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American and German ornithologists of the late 19th and early 20th century, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, and Wallace Craig. The modern discipline of ethology is generally considered to have begun during the 1930s with the work of the Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and the Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, the three winners of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Ethology combines laboratory and field science, with a strong relation to neuroanatomy, ecology, and evolutionary biology.
Carla Henry
Carla Henry is a British actress, most famous for her role as Donna Clarke in Queer as Folk. She trained at Bretton Hall College.

Her performances in stage productions such as Storm (Contact Theatre) and Habitat (Royal Exchange) and On the Shore of the Wide World have seen her tackle a wide variety of roles. She played Kristin in the 2012 production of Miss Julie alongside Maxine Peake, Joe Armstrong and Liam Gerrard at the Royal Exchange Theatre in Manchester and was nominated for a best supporting actress award in the Manchester Theatre Awards

She played Castiza in Alex Cox's film Revengers Tragedy and also appeared in his television film I'm A Juvenile Delinquent - Jail Me!. In 2013 she appeared in the BBC One drama series Frankie.

Joe Armstrong (actor)
Joseph Armstrong (born 7 October 1978) is an English actor. His television roles include Allan A Dale in three series of Robin Hood, Hotspur in  Henry IV, Part I, Ashley Cowgill in Happy Valley and Bairstow in The Village. On stage, he played the lead role in D. C. Moore's The Empire and appeared in the 2011 revival of Flare Path. He co-starred with Maxine Peake in Miss Julie at the Royal Exchange and with Louise Brealey in a touring production of Constellations.
1935 Fawkner by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Fawkner on 17 August 1935. This was triggered by the death of United Australia Party (UAP) MP George Maxwell.

The by-election was won by UAP candidate and future Prime Minister Harold Holt.

Division of Fawkner
The Division of Fawkner was an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. The division was created in 1906 as a replacement for Southern Melbourne, and was abolished itself in 1969. It was named for John Pascoe Fawkner, one of the founders of Melbourne. It was located in the inner southern suburbs of Melbourne, including at various times Prahran, South Yarra, St Kilda and Toorak. It was usually a safe conservative seat, but was occasionally won by the Australian Labor Party.

The seat is best known as the starting point for the career of future Prime Minister Harold Holt, who held the seat from 1935 until 1949, when he followed most of its wealthier portion into Higgins.
Empress Wenxianzhaosheng
Empress Wenxianzhaosheng (Chinese: 文獻昭聖皇后; pinyin: Wénxiànzhāoshèng Huánghòu, died before 1329) was mother of Jayaatu Khan (Emperor Wenzong), emperor of the Yuan dynasty of China. She was an ethnic Tangut and a concubine of Külüg Khan. She gave birth to the future Jayaatu Khan in 1304.

Her given name is unknown. Her posthumous name "Emperor Wenxian Zhaosheng" was accorded by her son in 1329.

Tangut people
The Tangut people (Tangut: 𗼎𗾧, mjɨ nja̱ or 𗼇𘓐, mji dzjwo; Chinese: 党項; pinyin: Dǎngxiàng; Tibetan: མི་ཉག་, Wylie: mi nyak; Mongolian: Тангуд) were a Sino-Tibetan people who founded and inhabited the Western Xia dynasty. The group initially lived under Tuyuhun authority, but later submitted to the Tang dynasty. After the collapse of Tang dynasty, the Tanguts established the Western Xia. They spoke the Tangut language, which initial research believed to be either of the Qiangic or Yi groups of the Tibeto-Burman family, later phylogenetic and historical linguistic accounts revealed that it belonged to the Gyalrongic branch of the Qiangic group. The Western Xia was annihilated by the Mongol Empire in 1227 AD, and most of its written records and architecture were destroyed. Today the Tangut language and its unique script are extinct; only fragments of Tangut literature remain.
Nuzzi
Nuzzi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Nuzzi (1926–2016), Italian Roman Catholic archbishop

Ferdinando Nuzzi (1644–1717), Italian Roman Catholic cardinal

Mariana Ximenes Nuzzi (born 1981), Brazilian actress

Mario Nuzzi (1603–1673), Italian painter

Olivia Nuzzi (born 1993), American political journalist

Paolo Nuzzi (born 1939), Italian film director and screenwriter

Olivia Nuzzi
Olivia Nuzzi (born January 6, 1993) is an American writer and editor who briefly served as the West Coast Editor of Vanity Fair. She was the Washington, D.C. correspondent for New York magazine from 2017 to 2024 and a writer for The Daily Beast covering the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign. In September 2024, New York placed her on leave after she disclosed having an affair with Robert F. Kennedy Jr. while reporting on his 2024 campaign. The following month, Nuzzi and New York "parted ways." She published a memoir entitled American Canto in 2025.
Harold Prince
Harold Smith Prince (born Harold Smith; January 30, 1928 – July 31, 2019), commonly known as Hal Prince, was an American theater director and producer known for his work in musical theater.

One of the foremost figures in 20th-century American theater, Prince became associated throughout his career with many of the most noteworthy musicals in Broadway history, including West Side Story, Fiddler on the Roof, Cabaret, Sweeney Todd, and Phantom of the Opera, the longest-running show in Broadway history. Many of his productions broke new ground for musical theater, expanding the possibilities of the form by incorporating more serious and political subjects, such as Nazism (Cabaret), the difficulties of marriage (Company), and the forcible opening of 19th-century Japan (Pacific Overtures).

Over the span of his career, he garnered a record 21 Tony Awards, including eight for Direction, eight for producing the year's Best Musical, two as Best Producer of a Musical, and three Special Awards.

Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical
The Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical has been given since 1960.  Before 1960 there was only one award for both play direction and musical direction, then in 1960 the award was split into two categories: Dramatic and Musical.
Adderley Wilkinson
Adderley Edward Wilkinson (Q3 1887 – 1 April 1978) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

Wilkinson was born at Dunshaughlin in County Meath in the third quarter of 1887, and later studied at Trinity College Dublin, where he played rugby union for Dublin University Football Club. Graduating as with a degree in engineering, he later played first-class cricket in British India for the Europeans against the Indians at Madras in December 1920. Batting twice in the match, Wilkinson opened the batting in the Europeans first-innings, and was dismissed without scoring by C. R. Ganapathy. Following-on in their second-innings, he was dismissed by C. K. Krishnaswamy for 5 runs. Fellow Irishman John Gwynn was also a member of the Europeans team. Outside of cricket, he worked as an engineer and an actor. He died at Enniskerry in April 1978.

Dunshaughlin
Dunshaughlin (Irish: Dún Seachlainn, meaning 'the fort of Seachlainn' or locally Irish: Domhnach Seachnaill, meaning 'St Seachnall's Church') is a town in County Meath, Ireland. A commuter town for nearby Dublin, Dunshaughlin more than tripled in population (from 2,139 to 6,644 inhabitants) between the 1996 and 2022 censuses. The town is in a townland and civil parish of the same name.
William Parker Caldwell House
The William Parker Caldwell House is a property in the community of Gardner in Weakley County, Tennessee, that was the home of William Parker Caldwell, a local lawyer and politician who was Gardner's first mayor and who served in the U.S. House of Representatives and both houses of the Tennessee General Assembly. The historic home was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Tennessee General Assembly
The Tennessee General Assembly (TNGA) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is a part-time bicameral legislature consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives. The Speaker of the Senate carries the additional title and office of Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee. In addition to passing a budget for state government plus other legislation, the General Assembly appoints three state officers specified by the state constitution. It is also the initiating body in any process to amend the state's constitution.
Washington State Route 123
State Route 123 (SR 123) is a state highway in the Gifford Pinchot National Forest and Mount Rainier National Park east of Mount Rainier in the U.S. state of Washington. Located in the counties of Lewis and Pierce, the 16.34-mile (26.30 km) long roadway extends through a heavily forested canyon from U.S. Route 12 (US 12) to SR 410. First established as a branch of State Road 5 in 1923, the designation of SR 123 has changed from a branch of Primary State Highway 5 (PSH 5) in 1937 to SR 143 during the 1964 highway renumbering and SR 123 in 1967. The northern terminus of the highway, Cayuse Pass, is closed annually and in late 2006, the Hanukkah Eve windstorm of 2006 washed out a 10.90-mile (17.54 km) long segment of the roadway.

Rainier National Forest
Rainier National Forest (/reɪˈnɪər/ ray-NEER) was established in Washington on March 2, 1907, when its name was changed from Mount Rainier Forest Reserve. The Mount Rainier Forest Reserve was established by the United States General Land Office on February 22, 1897 (effective March 1, 1898) from the Pacific Forest Reserve and other lands with 2,234,880 acres (9,044.2 km2). In 1905 federal forests were transferred to the U.S. Forest Service. On October 13, 1933, Rainier was divided between Columbia, Snoqualmie and Wenatchee National Forests. Its lands exists presently as portions of Mount Baker-Snoqualmie, Wenatchee and Gifford Pinchot National Forests.
Underground Secrets
Underground Secrets (Swedish: Underjordens hemlighet) is a 1991 Swedish drama film directed by Clas Lindberg. Lindberg won the award for Best Screenplay and was nominated for Best Director at the 27th Guldbagge Awards.

Guldbagge Award for Best Screenplay
The Guldbagge for Best Screenplay is a Swedish film award presented annually by the Swedish Film Institute (SFI) as part of the Guldbagge Awards (Swedish: "Guldbaggen") to screenwriters working in the Swedish motion picture industry.
Wu Ming-hung
Wu Ming-hung (Chinese: 吳明鴻, born 1953) is a Taiwanese judge and prosecutor. He serves as President of the Supreme Administrative Court of Taiwan from 2020 to 2023.

His wife, Lin Mei-chu, had taken several political positions in the executive yuan including minister without portfolio of the executive yuan, minister of labor, etc. between 2017 and 2018. She is also the older cousin of the incumbent President of Taiwan, Tsai Ing-wen.

Ministry of Labor (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Labor (MOL; Chinese: 勞動部; pinyin: Láodòng Bù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lô-tōng-pō͘) is a ministry of the Taiwanese Executive Yuan administering policies relating to employees and labor. The MOL works with various international organizations and engages in bilateral exchanges to elevate the welfare of laborers in Taiwan, administering programs such as Labor Insurance.
Scarlet Weather Rhapsody
Touhou Hisouten ~ Scarlet Weather Rhapsody. (Japanese: 東方緋想天 〜 Scarlet Weather Rhapsody.; lit. "Eastern Skies of Scarlet Perceptions") is the second versus fighting game in the Touhou Project, and is the spiritual successor to Immaterial and Missing Power by Twilight Frontier and Team Shanghai Alice. In the Touhou Project overall, it is labelled as the 10.5th Touhou game, though the game was first planned to be numbered 9.8. In western gaming communities, Scarlet Weather Rhapsody is often abbreviated as SWR.

Twilight Frontier
Twilight Frontier (黄昏フロンティア, Tasogare Furontia), known as Tasofro for short, is a Japanese dojin game developer. They are best known for their collaborations with Team Shanghai Alice (ZUN), which include seven official games in the Touhou Project series.
Baron Empain
Baron Empain is a title of nobility of the Kingdom of Belgium. The title was created in 1907 by Leopold II of Belgium for Édouard Empain, a wealthy Belgian engineer, entrepreneur, financier and industrialist, as well as an amateur Egyptologist. The title is hereditary and descends to the senior male by agnatic primogeniture.: 197

The Baron Empain Palace in Heliopolis, Cairo, was renovated and opened to public June 30, 2020.

Primogeniture
Primogeniture (/ˌpraɪməˈdʒɛnɪtʃər, -oʊ-/) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate child to inherit all or most of their parent's estate, as well as succeed their parent as the ruler of a state.

Primogeniture stands in contrast to shared inheritance among all or some children, any illegitimate child or any collateral relative. In most contexts, it means the inheritance of the firstborn son (agnatic primogeniture). It can also mean by the firstborn daughter (matrilineal primogeniture), or firstborn child (absolute primogeniture).

Research shows that authoritarian regimes that rely on primogeniture for succession were more stable than forms of authoritarian rule with alternative succession arrangements. Scholars have linked primogeniture to a decline in regicide, as clear rules of succession reduce the number of people who could (absent a coup d'état) replace a ruler, thus making it less desirable to cause the death of the monarch.
Laiwangi Wanggameti National Park
Laiwangi Wanggameti National Park is located on the island of Sumba in Indonesia. All forests types that exist on this island can be found in this national park. Some endemic plant species are protected in this national park, such as Syzygium species, Alstonia scholaris, Ficus species, Canarium oleosum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Myristica littoralis, Toona sureni, Sterculia foetida, Schleichera oleosa, and Palaquium obovatum.

Animal species being protected in this national park include the crab-eating macaque, Sus species, water monitor, Python timoriensis, red junglefowl, red-naped fruit-dove, Sumba green pigeon, Sumba buttonquail, citron-crested cockatoo, purple-naped lory, Sumba flycatcher, Sumba cicadabird, and apricot-breasted sunbird.

Red-naped fruit dove
The red-naped fruit dove (Ptilinopus dohertyi) is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is endemic to Sumba.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Federation of State Establishments and Arsenals
The Federation of State Establishments and Arsenals (French: Federation des etablissements et arsenaux de l'etat, FEAE) is a trade union representing workers in the defence sector in France.

The union was founded in 1962, when the French Confederation of Christian Workers (CFTC) merged its Air-War Federation and its Marine Federation, forming the Air-War-Marine Federation.  Marcel Gonin became its first general secretary, and campaigned strongly for the CFTC to become secular.  As a result, in 1964, when the majority of the CFTC formed the French Democratic Confederation of Labour (CFDT), the union transferred to the new confederation.  However, almost half the members of the airforce and military section chose to remain with the CFTC.

Within the CFDT, the union was initially known as the Federation of Union of Civil Defence Personnel.  In 1965, it was restructured and adopted its present name.  By 1995, the union claimed 12,500 members.

French Democratic Confederation of Labour
The French Democratic Confederation of Labour (French: Confédération française démocratique du travail, CFDT) is a national trade union center, one of the five major French confederations of trade unions, led since 2023 by Marylise Léon. It is the second largest French trade union confederation by number of members (625,000) and recently becoming first in voting results for representative bodies, having traditionally been second.
Ulken Koskopa
Ulken Koskopa (Kazakh: Үлкен Қосқопа; Russian: Большая Коскопа) is a salt lake in Nauyrzym District, Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake is located 22 kilometers (14 mi) to the southwest of Mereke. Now abandoned Karasu village was located by the northern shore. The area is quite desolate, with few settlements.

The name Koskopa in the Kazakh language means "Double Kopa" —"Kopa" referring to a lake that seasonally becomes a salt marsh overgrown with reeds and sedges.

Salt lake
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts (typically sodium chloride) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least three grams of salt per liter). In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed hypersaline lake, and may also be pink lakes on account of their color. An alkalic salt lake that has a high content of carbonate is sometimes termed a soda lake.

Salt lakes are classified according to salinity levels. The formation of these lakes is influenced by processes such as evaporation and deposition. Salt lakes face serious conservation challenges due to climate change, pollution and water diversion.
Sram season 1
The first season of the Croatian teen drama television and web series Sram aired from 27 October to 28 December 2024 on HRT 1, HRTi and YouTube. The season was released in real time through short clips posted on Instagram, TikTok and YouTube, with HRT 1 airing full episodes on Sundays.

Based on the first season of the Norwegian Skam, the season features Eva Šilović (Lucija Stanković) as the central character. The season follows Eva as she adjusts to a new school, while meeting new friends and handling her relationship with Jakov (Jagor Katičić).

The season was met with positive response from the audience and the media and was a ratings success for HRT. It accumulated 64 million views across Instagram, TikTok and YouTube. On 28 October 2024, following the premiere episode, Miach and Hiljson Mandela released "Anđeo," the official soundtrack for the series, which achieved great commercial success and was the most played radio song in Croatia in 2025.

HRT 1
HRT 1 (HTV 1, "Prvi program") is a Croatian television channel, operated by public broadcaster Hrvatska Radiotelevizija (HRT). It is a generalist channel, whose diverse programming lineup includes news programming and other informative series throughout the different parts of the day, as well as a vast array of scripted and non-scripted original and acquired television series.
Lita Gaithers
Lita Gaithers (born July 30, 1956) is an American singer and actress. Lita, who received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical, is the third of nine African American women who have been nominated in that category.

As a veteran performer of legitimate stages that include: the Mark Taper Forum, Pasadena Playhouse, and Arena Stage, her lead and featured stage performances consist of: The Tin Pan Alley Rag, Ain't Misbehavin', Nunsense, The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas, A... My Name Is Alice, Purlie, For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide / When the Rainbow Is Enuf, and being an original cast member of Blues, which was developed at the Denver Center Theatre Company.

Lita is married to the Reverend Dr. Oscar Otis Owens Jr. and resides in View Park-Windsor Hills, California.

A... My Name Is Alice
A... My Name Is Alice is a musical revue conceived by Joan Micklin Silver and Julianne Boyd, first produced in 1983. It won the Outer Critics Circle Award for Best Revue. It consists of some 21 songs by composers such as David Zippel, Doug Katsaros, Winnie Holzman, and Lucy Simon, along with scenes penned by Cassandra Medley, Marta Kauffman, Anne Meara, and others.
Madrid Tennis Grand Prix
The Madrid Tennis Grand Prix is a defunct professional men's tennis tournament that was played on outdoor clay courts in Madrid, Spain with the exception of the 1984 edition which was played on indoor carpet courts. It was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit initially and later, the ATP World Series of the ATP Tour. The tournament was established in 1973,  and was played every year until 1994.

1994 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single-Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
Gaston's War
Gaston's War is a Belgian 1997 drama film directed by Robbe De Hert and starring Werner De Smedt, Mapi Galán and Peter Firth. Based on a novel by Allan Mayer, the film is set many decades after the Second World War, and tells the story of a Belgian resistance fighter, Gaston Vandermeerssche, who tries to discover who betrayed them to the Nazis.

The movie was nominated for a Golden Goblet at the 1997 Shanghai International Film Festival.

Lise Hilboldt
Lise Hilboldt (born January 7, 1954) is an American actress. She had a leading role in the film Sweet Liberty (1986), co-starring with writer-director Alan Alda and Michael Caine, and she was featured in Noon Wine (1985).
Monument Lane railway station
Monument Lane railway station was a railway station in Birmingham, England, built by the London and North Western Railway on their Stour Valley Line in 1854. It served the Ladywood area of Birmingham, it was also the site of a large goods yard and a locomotive shed. In 1886, a new station was opened just north of the first station.

The station closed in 1958, although the Rugby–Birmingham–Stafford line loop from the West Coast Main Line still runs through the site of the station today.  
Monument Lane goods yard was adjacent to the East, as was an engine shed with turntable.

There is some evidence of the station on the ground today, as there is a gap in the tracks running currently through the site at the location of an island platform.  There were calls for a new station to be built at this site to serve the International Convention Centre but this seems unlikely to happen owing to the Midland Metro extension now running to Centenary Square.

ICC Birmingham
The International Convention Centre (ICC) is a major conference venue in Birmingham, England. The centre incorporates Symphony Hall and faces Centenary Square, with another entrance leading to the canals of Birmingham. The Westside area, which includes Brindleyplace, is opposite the building on the other side of the canal. The centre is owned and operated by the NEC Group, who is also responsible for the nearby Arena Birmingham, just to the west of the complex.