hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gabriel Vásquez
Gabriel Vásquez SJ (1549 or 1551 in Belmonte, Cuenca – 23 September 1604 in Alcalá de Henares), known as Bellomontanus, was a Spanish Jesuit theologian and scholastic philosopher. Vásquez was the foremost academic rival of his fellow Jesuit Francisco Suárez, whose philosophical views he often and openly criticized. Suárez's treatment of the jus gentium, like his treatment of natural law, was partly directed at combatting the arguments of Vásquez.

Vásquez established a School, and the disputes between his disciples and those of the Dominican John of St. Thomas concerning the Divine knowledge and the Divine idea were famous at the time. Luis de Torres and Diego de Alarcón were the most notable disciples of the School, and, although it was short-lived, modern theologians frequently quote him.

Divine grace
Divine grace is a theological term present in many religions. It has been defined as the divine influence which operates in humans to regenerate and sanctify, to inspire virtuous impulses, and to impart strength to endure trial and resist temptation; and as an individual virtue or excellence of divine origin.
W. E. B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919–1963
W. E. B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919–1963 is the second installment of historian David Levering Lewis's two-part biography of W.E.B. Du Bois published by Henry Holt and Company in 2000. The book deals with Du Bois's involvement in the Harlem Renaissance, his fight for equality and justice, and the Communist witch-hunts that ultimately left him rejected and exiled in Ghana.  Like the first part of the Lewis's study, which won in 1994, the book won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 2001, making Lewis the first author to win two Pulitzer Prizes for back-to-back volumes.

Henry Holt and Company
Henry Holt and Company is an American book-publishing company based in New York City. One of the oldest publishers in the United States, it was founded in 1866 by Henry Holt and Frederick Leypoldt. The company publishes in the fields of American and international fiction, biography, history, politics, science, psychology, health, and children's literature. In the U.S., it operates under Macmillan Publishers.
Lipna, Łódź Voivodeship
Lipna [ˈlʲipna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sadkowice, within Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Sadkowice, 28 km (17 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka, and 81 km (50 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Rawa County
Rawa County (Polish: powiat rawski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Rawa Mazowiecka, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Biała Rawska, lying 17 km (11 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka.

The county covers an area of 646.6 square kilometres (249.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 49,443, out of which the population of Rawa Mazowiecka is 17,643, that of Biała Rawska is 3,182, and the rural population is 28,618.
Nelson Business College
Nelson Business College, founded by English-born Richard Nelson in Cincinnati in 1856, is said to have been the first business college in the United States. It eventually opened branches in Springfield, Ohio and Memphis, and was still operating in Cincinnati in 1930.
Among its alumni was May Company founder David May.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Shigga Shay
Pek Jin Shen (born 12 September 1992), better known by his stage name Shigga Shay (stylised as ShiGGa Shay—the capitalised "GG" representing "Grizzle Grind"), is a Singaporean hip hop artist, songwriter, director and music producer. ShiGGa Shay was recognised as the "Unsigned Talent of The Week" by WorldStarHipHop at 17 and secured multiple #1 singles on the iTunes Singapore Charts. Furthermore, he was invited to perform at the White House Afterparty for the State Dinner in Washington, DC.

In 2023, Shay became the first Singaporean and the first artist to perform a song in both Mandarin and Hokkien on COLORSxSTUDIOS. In the same year, he was invited to perform as a special guest on "The Rap Of China", alongside rapper E.SO, making him the first Southeast Asian to be invited on the show.

Shay is also a founding member of hip hop group Grizzle Grind Crew, as well as production company Grizzle Films.

The Sam Willows
The Sam Willows is a four-member Singaporean pop band formed in 2011. The group consists of siblings Narelle and Benjamin Kheng, together with their friends Sandra Riley Tang and Jonathan Chua. The quartet’s self-titled freshman EP was released in November 2012, followed by their debut full-length album Take Heart that was released in October 2015.

In July 2018, the band released I Know, But Where, their second full-length studio album.

As of May 2019, the band has gone on an indefinite hiatus. It was also confirmed that they have no plans to disband and will focus on personal projects for the time being.
George Sipos
George Sipos is a Canadian poet best known for his Charles Taylor Prize-nominated 2010 memoir The Geography of Arrival.

Born in Budapest, Hungary, Sipos emigrated with his family to London, Ontario in childhood. He spent much of his adulthood in Prince George, British Columbia, where he taught at the College of New Caledonia, owned and operated a book store, Mosquito Books, and served general manager of the Prince George Symphony Orchestra.

He has also published two volumes of poetry, Anything But the Moon (2005) and The Glassblowers (2010). Anything But the Moon was a shortlisted nominee for the Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize in 2006.

He currently resides on Saltspring Island, where he has been executive director of the ArtSpring arts and culture festival and a freelance contributor to the Gulf Islands Driftwood community newspaper.

Salt Spring Island
Salt Spring Island or Saltspring Island is one of the Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia between mainland British Columbia, Canada, and Vancouver Island.

The island was initially inhabited by various Salishan peoples before being settled by pioneers in 1859, at which time it was renamed Admiral Island. It was the first of the Gulf Islands to be settled and the first agricultural settlement on the islands in the Colony of Vancouver Island, as well as the first island in the region to permit settlers to acquire land through pre-emption. The island was retitled to its current name in 1910. It is named for the salt springs found in the northern part of the island.

Salt Spring Island is the largest, most populous, and the most frequently visited of the Southern Gulf Islands.
Xenotilapia
Xenotilapia is a genus of cichlids species endemic to Lake Tanganyika in east Africa.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed 16 Xenotilapia species; one of them is considered "Endangered" (Xenotilapia burtoni), the rest are of "Least Concern" or "Data Deficient".

George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger FRS (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses.
Fortuny Museum
The Museo Fortuny or Fortuny Museum is an art museum in San Marco, in central Venice, Italy.

The museum is housed in the Palazzo Pesaro Orfei, now often known as Palazzo Fortuny, where Mariano Fortuny (1871–1949) had a studio in the late nineteenth century, and lived from 1902.: 49

The museum presents paintings, fabrics, and Fortuny’s lamps on the first floor, together with the history of the palazzo and its atelier on the second floor. The building still has features created by Fortuny. The working environment is represented through wall-hangings, paintings, and lamps.

Fortuny died in 1949, and in 1956 the Palazzo Pesaro Orfei was gifted to the comune of Venice; the comune took full possession only in 1965, after the death of Fortuny's widow, Henriette Negrin. The museum was opened in 1975. It is run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia.

The website for the museum is at: Fortuny Museum Website

Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia
Founded following the resolution passed by the Municipal Council Board of Venice on March 3, 2008, the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia (MUVE) manages and develops the cultural and artistic heritage of Venice and islands. Formed as a participatory foundation, it has only one founding member, the City of Venice.
Pirtek Team Murray
Team Murray (known as Pirtek Team Murray) is an Australian racing team that competed in the 100th running of the Indianapolis 500. The team ran the full month of May 100th Anniversary celebrations, including the Verizon IndyCar Series Angie's List Grand Prix of Indianapolis.

Grand Prix of Indianapolis
Events in the NTT IndyCar Series have been held annually at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Road Course in Speedway, Indiana since 2014. Events are known as the IndyCar Grand Prix and the Grand Prix of Indianapolis.
Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine House (Boucherville)
45°35′41″N 73°26′37″W﻿ / ﻿45.59480°N 73.44350°W﻿ / 45.59480; -73.44350

The Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine House is an 18th-century French-Canadian style residence built in 1766, now preserved as a municipal heritage museum in Boucherville, Quebec.

Architecture of Quebec
The architecture of Quebec was at first characterized by the settlers of the rural areas along the St. Lawrence River who largely came from Normandy. The houses they built echoed their roots. The surroundings forced enough differences that a unique style developed, and the house of the New France farmer remains a symbol of French-Canadian nationalism. These were rectangular structures of one storey, but with an extremely tall and steep roof, sometimes almost twice as tall as the house below. The roof design perhaps developed to prevent the accumulation of snow. The houses were usually built of wood, but the surviving ones are almost all built of stone.

Landmarks in the rural areas were the churches and the mansion of the seigneurs. The seigneurs built much larger homes for themselves but rarely made the manors ornate. Each parish had its church, often smelter copies of major churches in Quebec City or Montreal. A unique style of French-Canadian homo church thus developed.
Theria rupicapraria
Theria rupicapraria is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found throughout in Europe and the South Caucasus.

The wingspan is 28–30 mm for males. Females have reduced wings. Adults are on wing from January to April. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Crataegus and Prunus spinosa. Larvae can be found in June. It overwinters as a pupa.

Prunus spinosa
Prunus spinosa, called blackthorn or sloe, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is native to Europe and West Asia, and has been naturalized in parts of North America.

The fruits are used to make sloe gin in Great Britain and patxaran in Basque Country. The wood is used to make walking sticks, including the Irish shillelagh.
Aspidodiadema hawaiiense
Aspidodiadema hawaiiense is a species of sea urchin of the family Aspidodiadematidae. Their armor is covered with spines. It is placed in the genus Aspidodiadema and lives in the sea. Aspidodiadema hawaiiense was first scientifically described in 1939 by Ole Theodor Jensen Mortensen, a Danish scientist.

Ole Theodor Jensen Mortensen
Ole Theodor Jensen Mortensen, also known as Theodor Mortensen (22 February 1868, Harløse, Hillerød – 3 April 1952) was a Danish scientist and professor at the Zoological Museum, Copenhagen. He specialized in sea urchins (Echinoidea) and provided an enormous marine collection to the museum. He collected many sea urchin species on his expeditions between 1899–1930. Between the years of 1914 to 1916 Mortensen undertook a research expedition to the Pacific.

Mortensen is the author of A Monograph of the echinoidea and Report on the echinoidea collected by the United States fisheries steamer "Albatross" during the Philippine expedition, 1907–1910.

Frog Sylvirana mortenseni, also known as Mortensen's frog, is named in his honour.
Zosterops
Zosterops (meaning "eye-girdle") is a genus of passerine birds containing the typical white-eyes in the white-eye family Zosteropidae. The genus has the largest number of species in the white-eye family. They occur in the Afrotropical, Indomalayan, and Australasian realms. Typical white-eyes have a length of between 8 and 15 cm (3 and 6 in). Their most characteristic feature is a conspicuous white feather ring around the eye, though some species lack it. The species in this group vary in the structural adaptations of the tongue. The Zosterops [griseotinctus] group is an example of a "great speciator" inhabiting a vast area and showing a remarkable morphological differentiation on islands, some of which may be as close as 2 km (1.2 mi) apart.

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
John Wallace (cricketer)
John Henry Austin Wallace (30 March 1924 – 15 September 2008) was a first-class cricketer who played for Rhodesia in the Currie Cup from 1949 to 1954.

Wallace, a right-handed batsman, was the only Rhodesian to pass 500 runs in the 1951/52 Currie Cup season. He had particular success against North Eastern Transvaal during his career, making 424 runs at 60.57 against them in four first-class matches and scoring two centuries. The other two centuries he made for Rhodesia came against Orange Free State and Border. He was also dismissed in the 90s on three occasions.

His son Peter played four first-class matches between 1978 and 1983.

Rhodesia cricket team
The Rhodesia cricket team played first-class cricket and represented originally the British colony of Southern Rhodesia and later the unilaterally independent state of Rhodesia which became Zimbabwe. In 1980 the Rhodesia cricket team was renamed as the Zimbabwe-Rhodesia cricket team, and in 1981 it adopted its current name of the Zimbabwe national cricket team.
Rokhl
Rokhl is a Jewish feminine given name, a form of Rachel, a transcription of Yiddish "Rochl".

Matronymic surnames Rokhlin (variants: Rochlin, Rohlin, Rockline) are derived from it.

Notable people known by the name include:

Rokhl Auerbakh

Ester-Rokhl Kaminska

Rokhl Häring Korn

Rokhl Brokhes

Ester Rachel Kamińska
Ester Rachel Kamińska (Yiddish: אסתּר־רחל קאַמינסקאַ‎; née Ester-Rokhl Halpern Porozów, 10 March 1870 – Warsaw, 25 December 1925) was a Polish actress of Jewish descent, known as the mother of Yiddish theatre.
Omar M. Yaghi
Omar Mwannes Yaghi (Arabic: عمر مُؤنس ياغي; born February 9, 1965) is a chemist best known for developing metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and pioneering reticular chemistry. He was awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, shared with Richard Robson and Susumu Kitagawa, for this work.

Yaghi is a University Professor and James and Neeltje Tretter Endowed Chair in Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also an affiliate scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, founding director of the Berkeley Global Science Institute, and a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. In January 2025, he became the seventh president of the World Cultural Council, an international organization promoting cultural and scientific advancement.

Albert Einstein World Award of Science
The Albert Einstein World Award for Science is an annual award given by the World Cultural Council "as a means of recognition and encouragement for scientific and technological research and development", with special consideration for researches which "have brought true benefit and wellbeing to mankind". Named for physicist and theoretician Albert Einstein, the award includes a diploma, a commemorative medal, and US$10,000.

The recipient of the award is evaluated and elected by an Interdisciplinary Committee, which is composed of world-renowned scientists, among them 25 Nobel laureates.
Dahl (surname)
Dahl or Dahle is a surname of Germanic origin. Dahl, which means valley in the North Germanic languages (tal in German, dale in northern England English), is common in Germany, Norway, Denmark, Sweden and the Faroe Islands. The origin of the German forms Dahl and Dahle may have been in medieval Westphalia. In Germany about 11 places are called Dahl. In the Netherlands, a suburb of the city of Nijmegen (which in turn is named after an old estate in the area) is called "Heyerdaal" (also spelled as "Heijerdaal"), in which "daal" also means "valley". Other examples are "Bloemendaal," "Rozendaal," and "Roosendaal."
There are several variations as it was common to add a suffix to Dahl in order to denote the name bearer's original locale or occupation. You also find several variations of -dahl used with prefixes (Heyerdahl, Heimendahl...).

Gustaf Dahl
Frans Gustaf Abraham Dahl (13 February 1835 – 21 September 1927) was a Swedish architect. He is known for designing several of Sweden's prominent buildings, including Stockholm's National Library of Sweden and Mariahissen.

He also designed Norrby Church in Sala Municipality.
Wangay Dorji
Wangay Dorji (born 9 January 1974) is a Bhutanese former professional footballer. He played as striker for Dhaka Mohammedan, Samtse, Ranjung United, Druk Pol and Transport United.

Dorji gained international fame after scoring a hat-trick against Montserrat in The Other Final. Bhutan won the match 4–0.

Dorji was captain of the Bhutanese national team.

Ranjung United FC
Ranjung United Football Club was a football club from Bhutan, based at Changlimithang, that played in the Bhutan A-Division, then the top level of football in Bhutan, but since replaced by a full national league.
EFL League Two
The English Football League Two, simply known as League Two and for sponsorship purposes as Sky Bet League Two, is the third and lowest division of the English Football League (EFL) and the fourth-highest tier in the English football league system, after the Premier League, EFL Championship and the EFL League One. It is contested by 24 professional clubs.

Introduced for the 2004–05 English football season as Football League Two, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Third Division.

As of the 2025–26 season, Newport County hold the longest tenure in this division following their promotion in the 2012–13 season. There are currently two former Premier League clubs competing in this division: Oldham Athletic (1992–94) and Swindon Town (1993–94).

The current holders are Doncaster Rovers.

Sky Betting & Gaming
Bonne Terre Limited (trading as Sky Betting & Gaming) is a British-based gambling company, owned by Flutter Entertainment, with headquarters in Leeds, West Yorkshire and offices in Solihull. Sky Betting & Gaming consists of five core brands: Sky Bet, Sky Vegas, Sky Casino, Sky Poker and Sky Bingo.

In 2015, Sky plc sold about 80 per cent stake in the company to CVC Capital Partners for £600 million, with Sky retaining a 20% stake in the company and agreeing to a long-term licence of the Sky brand. In 2018, CVC and Sky (then in the process of being acquired by Comcast) agreed to sell Sky Betting & Gaming to The Stars Group for £3.4 billion, which was then acquired by Flutter Entertainment in 2020.

Flutter Entertainment continues to use the Sky name and logo under license from Sky Limited.
Lars Behrendt
Lars Behrendt (born 28 September 1973) is a German bobsledder who competed from 1998 to 2002. He won two medals in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships with a gold in 2000 and a silver in 2001.

FIBT World Championships 2001
The FIBT World Championships 2001 took place in St. Moritz, Switzerland (Men's bobsleigh) and Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Women's bobsleigh, and men's and women's Skeleton). The Swiss city had hosted the event for the record twentieth time, doing so previously in 1931 (Four-man), 1935 (Four-man), 1937 (Four-man), 1938 (Two-man), 1939 (Two-man), 1947, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1965, 1970, 1974, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1989 (Skeleton), 1990 (Bobsleigh), 1997 (Bobsleigh), and 1998 (Skeleton). Calgary hosted the championship event for the third time, doing so previously in 1992 (Skeleton) and 1996.
Eitzinger
Eitzinger is a German surname, popular in Austria. Notable people with the surname include:

Philipp Eitzinger (born 1990), Austrian motorcycle racer

Rainer Eitzinger (born 1983), Austrian tennis player

Philipp Eitzinger
Philipp Eitzinger is a former Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Austria. 
He made his motorcycle racing debut at 11 years old in the Austrian Minibike Championship and promptly gained the title in his maiden season. In 2003 he moved up into the 125cc Class of the Austrian Motorcycle Racing Championship and also repeated as champion in his first season. 2004 Eitzinger made his debut in the 125cc Class of the IDM-Championship aboard a Honda and finished in 14th position in the final standings. For 2005 he managed to improve to 8th place and 2006 he improved into 6th position in the final standings.

Eitzinger became the 125cc European Champion on a Honda in 2006.

In the November of 2007 Eitzinger announced his retirement from motorcycle racing at the age of 17.
Alejo Umpiérrez
Alejo Alejandro Umpiérrez Cabrera (born June 3, 1965) is a Uruguayan lawyer and politician serving as a National Representative in the 50th Legislature since February 2025. A member of the National Party, he previously served as Intendant of the Rocha Department from 2020 to 2024.

Born in the town of Lascano, Umpiérrez graduated from the University of the Republic with a degree in law and notarization.During his time at university, he wrote several articles for university law journals. After graduating, he worked for different law firms and as a stockgrower in his maternal family's field. In the late 1990s, he was the manager of a soccer team in his hometown and was one of the founders of Rocha F.C., with which he held positions in the Uruguayan Football Association.

Uruguayan Football Association
The Uruguayan Football Association (Spanish: Asociación Uruguaya de Fútbol — AUF) is the governing body of football in Uruguay. It was founded in 1900, as The Uruguayan Association Football League, and affiliated to FIFA in 1923. It is a founding member of CONMEBOL and is in charge of the national men's team and the national women's team, as well as the Uruguayan football league system.