hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bacterial cold water disease
Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is a bacterial disease of freshwater fish, specifically salmonid fish. It is caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium psychrophilum (previously classified in the genus Cytophaga), a psychrophilic, gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae. This bacterium is found in fresh waters with the optimal growth temperature below 13 °C, and it can be seen in any area with water temperatures consistently below 15 °C. Salmon are the most commonly affected species. This disease is not zoonotic.

Asymptomatic carrier fish and contaminated water provide reservoirs for disease. Transmission is mainly via  horizontal gene transfer, but vertical transmission can also occur.

BCWD may be referred to by a number of other names including cold water disease, peduncle disease, fit rot, tail rot and rainbow trout fry mortality syndrome.

Vertical transmission
Vertical transmission of symbionts is the transfer of a microbial symbiont from the parent directly to the offspring.  Many metazoan species carry symbiotic bacteria which play a mutualistic, commensal, or parasitic role.  A symbiont is acquired by a host via horizontal, vertical, or mixed transmission.
Martin Dillon
Martin Dillon  (born 2 June 1949) is an Irish author, journalist, and broadcaster. He has won international acclaim for his investigative reporting and non-fiction works on the Troubles, including his bestselling trilogy, The Shankill Butchers, The Dirty War and God and the Gun, about the Northern Ireland conflict. The historian and scholar, Dr. Conor Cruise O'Brien, described him as "our Virgil to that Inferno". The Irish Times hailed him as "one of the most creative writers of our time".

Belfast Telegraph
The Belfast Telegraph is a daily newspaper published in Belfast, Northern Ireland, by Mediahuis Ireland, which also publishes the Irish Independent, the Sunday Independent and various other newspapers and magazines in Ireland. Its editor is Eoin Brannigan. Reflecting its unionist tradition, the paper has historically been "favoured by the Protestant population", while also being read within Catholic nationalist communities in Northern Ireland. It has been owned by Independent News and Media, a Dublin-based media company, since 2000, and is the company's only print title outside of the Republic of Ireland.

In 2012 the newspaper moved to being exclusively a morning only publication and, as of 2024, no longer reveals circulation figures (sales figures), but rather releases the number of readers "reached" daily. In 2024, Mediahuis stated that the Belfast Telegraph was "reaching 143,311 readers" per day.
Burwood railway station, Sydney
Burwood railway station is a heritage-listed suburban railway station located on the Main Suburban line in the Sydney suburb of Burwood. The station is served by Sydney Trains T9 Northern line, T2 Leppington & Inner West Line and T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line services.

Hurstville
Hurstville is a suburb in Southern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is 16 km (9.9 mi) south of the Sydney CBD and is part of the St George area. Hurstville is the administrative centre of the local government area of the Georges River Council.

The suburb is predominantly Asian Australian in character, with 63% of the population of Asian origin, among the highest in the country. Sometimes described as "Sydney's Real Chinatown", an estimated 37% of residents are immigrants from mainland China.
Family tree of Danish monarchs
This is a family tree of Danish monarchs from the semi-legendary king Harthacnut I in the 10th century to the present monarch, King Frederik X. The official dynasty is the House of Glücksburg, but the current King of denmark, Frederik X, a matrilineal member of the Glücksburgs, is a member and Head of the De Laborde de Monpezat family, through his father, Prince Henrik of Denmark, because Henrik was born as Henri de Laborde de Monpezat. Frederik is married to Mary Donaldson and their son, Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark, is their heir.

House of Glücksburg
The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, also known by its short name as the House of Glücksburg, is the senior surviving branch of the German House of Oldenburg, one of Europe's oldest royal houses. Oldenburg house members have reigned at various times in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Greece, several northern German states, and Russia. It takes its name from the family seat in Glücksburg, a small town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.

Current monarchs King Charles III and King Harald V, former monarch Queen Margrethe II and former consorts Queen Anne-Marie of Greece and Queen Sofia of Spain are patrilineal members of cadet branches of the House of Glücksburg.

The present senior member of the House of Oldenburg and the House of Glücksburg and traditional heir to the family's ancestral lands, including Glücksburg itself, is Friedrich Ferdinand, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein (born 1985), who heads the foundation that owns the family's ancestral seat, Glücksburg Castle.
1998 Oceania Junior Men's Handball Championship
The 1998 Oceania Junior Men's Handball Championship, was the first official competition for junior men's national handball teams from Oceania. It was held from December 11–12, 1998 in Mittagong, New South Wales, Australia. It also acted as the qualifying competition for the 1999 IHF Men's Junior World Championship, securing one Vacancy for the World Championship.

Australia and New Zealand played a two-game series to determine the winner. Australia was the winner, but decided to defer its entry to the World Cup and New Zealand took their place.

Mittagong
Mittagong (/mɪtəɡɒŋ/, mit-ə-GONG) is a town located in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia, in Wingecarribee Shire. The town acts as the gateway to the Southern Highlands when coming from Sydney. Mittagong is situated at an elevation of 635 metres (2,083 ft). The town is close to Bowral, Berrima, Moss Vale and the Northern Villages such as Yerrinbool and Colo Vale. Moreover, Mittagong is home to many wineries of the Southern Highlands which has been a recent growing wine and cellar door region.
WBWH-LP
WBWH-LP is a low-power FM radio station operating at 96.1 MHz in Bluffton, Ohio.  It is the campus and community radio station owned and operated by Bluffton University. WBWH-LP offers a diversified programming schedule geared to university students and the residents of Bluffton. Its power output of 66 watts serves the community of Bluffton exclusively. WBWH-LP broadcasts many of the athletic events on campus, including football, volleyball, basketball, and baseball games. The call letters WBWH-LP stand for Beavers With Headphones-a tribute to the Bluffton mascot, which is a beaver.

Northwest Ohio
Northwest Ohio, or Northwestern Ohio, consists of multiple counties in the northwestern corner of the US state of Ohio. This area borders Lake Erie, Southeast Michigan, and northeastern Indiana. Some areas are also considered the Black Swamp area. The Toledo metropolitan area is part of the region.

Northwest Ohio's population in 2000 was 1,639,144 and is declining, specifically in the northern regions (counties shaded in the darker blue and Allen County). However, southern areas, such as Marion and Morrow counties, and the city of Findlay are growing.
Azure (song)
"Azure" is a 1937 song composed by Duke Ellington with lyrics by Irving Mills. The composition is an example of Ellington's early use of bi- and polytonality, and some parts of it are almost atonal in nature.

Irving Mills
Irving Harold Mills (born Isadore Minsky; January 18, 1894 Odessa, Ukraine – April 21, 1985) was a Ukrainian-American music publisher, musician, lyricist, and jazz promoter. He often used the pseudonyms Goody Goodwin and Joe Primrose.
Richard Henderson (biologist)
Richard Henderson is a British molecular biologist and biophysicist and pioneer in the field of electron microscopy of biological molecules. Henderson shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017 with Jacques Dubochet and Joachim Frank. "Thanks to his work, we can look at individual atoms of living nature, thanks to cryo-electron microscopes we can see details without destroying samples, and for this he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry."

Membrane protein
Membrane proteins are common proteins that are part of, or interact with, biological membranes. Membrane proteins fall into several broad categories depending on their location.  Integral membrane proteins are a permanent part of a cell membrane and can either penetrate the membrane (transmembrane) or associate with one or the other side of a membrane (integral monotopic). Peripheral membrane proteins are transiently associated with the cell membrane.

Membrane proteins are common, and medically important—about a third of all human proteins are membrane proteins, and these are targets for more than half of all drugs.  Nonetheless, compared to other classes of proteins, determining membrane protein structures remains a challenge in large part due to the difficulty in establishing experimental conditions that can preserve the correct (native) conformation of the protein in isolation from its native environment.
Marika Sila
Marika Sila (born March 18, 1992) is a Canadian Inuvialuk actress, content creator, and social activist. Born in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, her family (originally from Tuktoyaktuk) moved to Canmore, Alberta when she was five years old. Olympic cross-country skier Jesse Cockney is her older brother.

Canmore, Alberta
Canmore is a town in Alberta, Canada, located approximately 81 kilometres (50 mi) west of Calgary near the southeast boundary of Banff National Park. It is located in the Bow Valley within Alberta's Rocky Mountains. The town shares a border with Kananaskis Country to the west and south and the Municipal District of Bighorn No. 8 to the north and east. With a population of 17,036 in 2023, Canmore is the fifth-largest town in Alberta.
UFC 35
UFC 35: Throwdown was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship at the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut, on January 11, 2002. The event was seen live on pay per view in the United States, and later released on home video.

Uncasville, Connecticut
Uncasville is a village in the town of Montville, Connecticut, United States. It is located in southeastern Montville, at the mouth of the Oxoboxo River where it flows into the Thames River. The name is now applied more generally to all of the east end of Montville, which is the area served by the Uncasville ZIP Code (06382).

In 1994, the federal government officially recognized the Mohegan Indian Tribe of Connecticut, which had historically occupied this area as part of its traditional territory. That year Congress passed the Mohegan Nation (Connecticut) Land Claim Settlement Act. The Act authorized the United States to take land into trust in northeastern Montville for the Mohegan tribe's use as a reservation. Since gaining a reservation, in 1996 the tribe developed the Mohegan Sun casino resort. It has also built the Mohegan Sun Arena on their land. The Mohegan are one of the Native American peoples who speak Algonquian languages.
Sunday Jones
Sunday Jones are an English indie rock band from Huyton, Liverpool, England, published by LoveCat Music in the United States. Their songs are featured in film and TV, such as "Up and Down" in the 2011 movie The One, starring Jon Prescott and Margaret Anne Florence; 2013's The Marine 3: Homefront directed by Scott Wiper starring The Miz and Neal McDonough. (DVD chart ranking in at #12 and #15 on the DVD and Blu-ray lists respectively), and, in 2018, the History Channel’s SIX, an American military drama series.

The band's song "Butterfly" was featured in 2012's Forgetting the Girl directed by Nate Taylor, starring Christopher Denham and Anna Camp. Their songs “Long Wet Day” and “Without” have featured in CBC TV series Heartland. Their songs “This Is Why I Dream” and “Don't Take It Personal” have appeared in Canadian TV series Being Erica.

Sunday Jones are currently recording songs for their debut album.

Anna Camp
Anna Ragsdale Camp (born September 27, 1982) is an American actress. She portrayed the villainous Sarah Newlin in the HBO vampire drama True Blood (2009, 2012–2014), Aubrey Posen in the Pitch Perfect film series (2012–2017), and the dual role of Reagan and Maddie Lockwood in the Netflix thriller You (2025).

Camp has had recurring roles in the television series Mad Men (2010), The Good Wife (2011–2016), The Mindy Project (2012–2013), and Vegas (2013). She also played Jane Hollander, a researcher for the fictitious News of the Week magazine, in the Amazon Prime series Good Girls Revolt (2016), and had minor roles in the films The Help (2011) and Café Society (2016).

Camp made her Broadway debut in the 2008 production of The Country Girl and played Jill Mason in the 2008 Broadway revival of Peter Shaffer's Equus. In 2012, she was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for her performance in the Off-Broadway play All New People.
Kameshkovo
Kameshkovo (Russian: Камешково) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Kameshkovo, Vladimir Oblast, a town in Kameshkovsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Rural localities

Kameshkovo, Lukhsky District, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Lukhsky District, Ivanovo Oblast

Kameshkovo, Shuysky District, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Shuysky District, Ivanovo Oblast

Kameshkovo, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Neverkovsky Rural Okrug of Borisoglebsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast

Yaroslavl Oblast
Yaroslavl Oblast is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), which is located in the Central Federal District, surrounded by the Tver, Moscow, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Kostroma, and Vologda oblasts.

This geographic location gives the oblast the advantages of proximity to Moscow and Saint Petersburg. Additionally, the city of Yaroslavl, the administrative center of the oblast, is served by major highways, railroads, and waterways. The population of the oblast was 1,272,468 as of the 2010 Census.
Yuri Bohun
Jur Bohun (also Yuri Bogun) is the main antagonist in the novel With Fire and Sword by Henryk Sienkiewicz. He is a famous Cossack colonel of unknown origin, and originally a friend (more like an adopted son) of the Kurcewicz family. He falls in love with Helena Kurcewiczówna and wants to marry her. However he is thwarted by his rival, Jan Skrzetuski, a Polish nobleman, who forces the matron, Princes Kurcewicz to promise him Helena's hand, with Helena's approval. Betrayed and rejected Bohun raids the Kurcewicz estate, slaughters the family, kidnaps Helena and joins the ongoing Cossack uprising. The novel revolves around the struggle between Skrzetuski and Bohun with the Khmelnytsky Uprising as historical background.

The character is based on the historical figure, Ivan Bohun.

Bohun is portrayed by Aleksandr Domogarov in 1999 Jerzy Hoffman's film With Fire and Sword.

Jerzy Hoffman
Jerzy Julian Hoffman (pronounced [ˈjɛʐɨ ˈxɔfman]; born 15 March 1932) is a Polish director, screenwriter, and producer. He received the Polish Academy Life Achievement Award in February 2006.

Hoffman is best known for his works in The Deluge (1974) and With Fire and Sword (1999), the former of which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. His other notable credits were in Three Steps on Earth (1965) and Colonel Wolodyjowski (1969).
Mediterranean Grand Prix
The Mediterranean Grand Prix was a non-Championship motor race, held at the Autodromo di Pergusa, in Sicily, Italy. The first event, run to Formula One rules, took place in 1962. The last Formula One event took place in 1965 before the race switched to Formula Two rules. In 1985, Formula Two was replaced by Formula 3000 and the Mediterranean Grand Prix remained on the calendar.

The event was scheduled to return in 2020 as part of the Euroformula Open Championship, but was cancelled due to the global coronavirus pandemic.

Formula 3000
Formula 3000 (F3000) was a type of open wheel, single seater formula racing, occupying the tier immediately below Formula One and above Formula Three.  It was so named because the cars were powered by 3.0 L engines.
Three Miles Out
Three Miles Out is a 1924 American silent drama film directed by Irvin Willat and starring Madge Kennedy, Harrison Ford, and Marc McDermott. The title of the film refers to the three-mile limit which formerly defined the territorial waters of the United States.

Madge Kennedy
Madge Kennedy (April 19, 1891 – June 9, 1987) was a stage, film and television actress whose career began as a stage actress in 1912 and flourished in motion pictures during the silent film era. In 1921, journalist Heywood Broun described her as "the best farce actress in New York".
Puck Moonen
Puck Moonen (born 20 March 1996 in Sint-Michielsgestel) is a Dutch cyclist, who has ridden in the past for UCI Women's Continental Team Chevalmeire. She previously rode for Lotto Soudal but left, in part due to a knee injury. In 2019, she became a spokesperson for Buddy Network, an anti-bullying campaign sponsored by Cartoon Network and Awel, a Dutch-language Belgian helpline for children.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
Tōtara-i-kāria
In Māori tradition, Tōtara-i-kāria was one of the great ocean-going, voyaging canoes (or waka) that was used in the migrations that settled New Zealand. The waka is linked to the Bay of Plenty region. Legend has it that this was the waka taken by the priest Ngātoroirangi back to Hawaiki; upon arrival, he fought a battle at Ihumotomotokia and Whatatiri, against the chief Manaia. He defeated Manaia, and then returned to his pā (fortification) in New Zealand, on Mōtītī Island in the Bay of Plenty. However, the survivors of Manaia's tribe soon arrived in a fleet of canoes to seek revenge. Ngātoroirangi chanted incantations whipping up a storm that destroyed them.

Bay of Plenty
The Bay of Plenty (Māori: Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi) is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi, an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed the abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay.
Baron of Ardgowan
Baron of Ardgowan is a noble title in the Baronage of Scotland, historically associated with the Stewart family and the Ardgowan Estate located in Inverkip, Renfrewshire. The title was first granted when the lands were raised to a barony in 1575 by James VI for Sir John Stewart of Ardgowan.

Inverkip
Inverkip (/ˌɪnvərˈkɪp/; Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Chip) is a small town and parish in the Inverclyde council area and historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland, 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Greenock and 8.1 miles (13 km) north of Largs on the A78 trunk road. The town takes its name from the River Kip and is served by Inverkip railway station.
Ecuador at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Ecuador at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico was the nation's first appearance under the auspices of the Ecuadorian National Olympic Committee following a 44-year hiatus from the 1924 Summer Olympics. A national team of fifteen athletes (fourteen men and one woman) competed in twenty-one events in six sports.

Noé Medina
Noé Medina (born 20 May 1943) is a former Ecuadorian cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and the team time trial events at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City.

Medina was born in Ambato, Ecuador.
Shebelinka gas field
The Shebelinka gas field is a natural gas field that was discovered in 1950 in Kharkov Oblast.

It began production in 1956 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Shebelinka gas field are around 18.4 trillion cubic feet (520 billion m³).

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
2014 Asian Beach Games
The Fourth Asian Beach Games were held in Phuket Island, Phuket province, Thailand. The games were originally scheduled for Boracay Island, Aklan, Philippines, but was affected by the OCA's hosting changes.

The games were held on the same year of the 17th Asian Games. It was the seventh time for Thailand to host an Asia level multi-sports event, after Bangkok held four Asian Games (1966, 1970, 1978 and 1998), one Asian Indoor Games (2005) and one Asian Martial Arts Games (2009). However, it was the first time that the event would not be held in Bangkok.

1978 Asian Games
The 8th Asian Games (Thai: กีฬาเอเชียนเกมส์ครั้งที่ 8), also known as Bangkok 1978 (Thai: กรุงเทพมหานคร 1978), were held from 9 to 20 December  1978, in Bangkok, Thailand. Originally, the host city was Singapore but Singapore dropped its plan to host the Games due to financial problems. Then Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, was decided to host the 8th Games.  But Islamabad also dropped its plan to host the Asian Games due to conflicts with Bangladesh and India. The Imperial State of Iran withdrew because of the Iranian revolution.

Thailand offered to help and the Asiad therefore was held in Bangkok. On the political front, Israel was expelled from the Asian Games. A total number of 3,842 athletes, coming from 25 countries, competed in these Asian Games. Debuting sports were archery and bowling.
Samuel Maskiewicz
Samuel Maskiewicz (circa 1580, Serwecz, Nowogródek powiat – after 1632) was a Polish-Lithuanian officer, Hussar of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, a participant in the Moscow Campaign, writer–memoirist, author of a diary published in Russia.

Hussar
A hussar was a member of a class of light cavalry, originally from the Kingdom of Hungary during the 15th and 16th centuries. The title and distinctive dress of these horsemen were subsequently widely adopted by light cavalry regiments in European armies during the late 17th and 18th centuries. By the 19th century, hussars were wearing jackets decorated with braid plus shako or busby fur hats and had developed a romanticized image of being dashing and adventurous.

Several modern armies retain the designation of hussars for armored (tank) units. In addition, a number of mounted units survive which wear historical hussar uniforms on parade or while providing ceremonial escorts.