hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ebenat
Ebnat(Ibnat) (Amharic: እብናት) is a town in the South Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, Ebnat has a latitude and longitude of 12°7′N 38°3′E﻿ / ﻿12.117°N 38.050°E﻿ / 12.117; 38.050.  It is the administrative center of Ebnat woreda and is at an elevation of 2972 meters above sea level.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
John W. Howard House and Outbuildings
The John W. Howard House is a historic residence near Greenville, Alabama, United States.  It was built around 1860 by planter John W. Howard.  While much of the land was sold off and used for timber, Howard's family continued to occupy the house at least through 1992.  The house is a one-story, Greek Revival structure with an inset front porch.  The façade is five bays wide, and the central entrance has double doors with multi-light sidelights and transom.  The interior is a triple-pile center-hall plan.  Outbuildings include a frame barn, a two-room detached kitchen, and the family cemetery.

The house was listed on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in 1982 and the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Barn
A barn is an agricultural building usually  on farms and used for various purposes. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain. As a result, the term barn is often qualified e.g. tobacco barn, dairy barn, cow house, sheep barn, potato barn. In the British Isles and in Europe, the term barn is restricted mainly to storage structures for unthreshed cereals and fodder, the terms byre or shippon being applied to cow shelters, whereas horses are kept in buildings known as stables. In mainland Europe, however, barns were often part of integrated structures known as byre-dwellings (or housebarns in US literature). In addition, barns may be used for equipment storage, as a covered workplace, and for activities such as threshing.
James Wofford (politician)
James Wofford was a state legislator in Arkansas. He represented Crittenden County in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1877. He was one of eight African Americans elected to the Arkansas General Assembly in 1876.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Francis Peaks
The Francis Peaks (67°39′S 50°25′E﻿ / ﻿67.650°S 50.417°E﻿ / -67.650; 50.417) are a group of peaks and ridges 1 nautical mile (2 km) southeast of Mount Gordon in the Scott Mountains of Enderby Land, Antarctica.

They were plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956, and were named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for R.J. Francis, a physicist at Mawson Station in 1961.

Enderby Land
Enderby Land is a projecting landmass of Antarctica. Its shore extends from Shinnan Glacier at about 67°55′S 44°38′E﻿ / ﻿67.917°S 44.633°E﻿ / -67.917; 44.633 to William Scoresby Bay at 67°24′S 59°34′E﻿ / ﻿67.400°S 59.567°E﻿ / -67.400; 59.567, approximately 1⁄24 of the earth's longitude. It was first documented in western and eastern literature in February 1831 by John Biscoe aboard the whaling brig Tula, and named after the Enderby Brothers of London, the ship's owners who encouraged their captains to combine exploration with sealing.
Jenny Chapman
Jennifer Chapman, Baroness Chapman of Darlington (born 25 September 1973) is a British politician and life peer who has served as Minister of State for International Development, Latin America and Caribbean since 2025. She previously served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Latin America and Caribbean from 2024 to 2025. A member of the Labour Party, she served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Darlington from 2010 to 2019.

Chapman was political secretary to the Leader of the Opposition, Keir Starmer, from 2020 to 2021. As Shadow Minister of State at the Cabinet Office from 2021 to 2023, she served as a member of the shadow cabinet. She was appointed Chancellor of Teesside University in 2023.

Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Latin America and Caribbean
The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Latin America and Caribbean is a ministerial office in the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office of the British government.

The office of Minister of State for Middle East and North Africa was held by James Cleverly MP from 13 February 2020 to 8 February 2022. In December 2021, the post adopted responsibility for North America and became the deputy to the Foreign Secretary.

The Middle East portfolio was merged into the Minister of State for Asia and the Middle East in February 2022, with Cleverly moving to the position of Minister of State for Europe and North America. The position of Minister of State for Europe and North America was split in July 2022, with Graham Stuart becoming Minister of State for Europe and Rehman Chishti assuming responsibility for North America as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for North America, Sanctions and Consular Policy.
Take Asai
Take Asai (浅井タケ) or Tahkonanna (Ainu: タㇵコナンナ) (5 April 1902 – 30 April 1994) was the last fluent speaker of the Sakhalin Ainu language. She was born in Otasu village on the West coast of Sakhalin Island, and moved to Rayciska (Raichishika) during her childhood. After World War II she was relocated to Hokkaido and toward the end of her life lived in an old-age home in Monbetsu, Hidaka, Hokkaido. She served as an informant with the Piłsudski Research Project and other ethnographic projects until her death in 1994.

Monbetsu, Hokkaido (Hidaka)
Monbetsu (門別町, Monbetsu-chō) was a town located in Saru District, Hidaka Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.

On March 1, 2006, Monbetsu was merged into the expanded town of Hidaka.

As of 2004, the town had an estimated population of 12,836 and a density of 29.94 persons per km2. The total area was 428.73 km2.
Listed buildings in Staveley, Derbyshire
Staveley is a civil parish in the Borough of Chesterfield in Derbyshire, England.  The parish contains 26 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the town of Staveley, the village of Barrow Hill, and the surrounding area.  Most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings.  The other listed buildings include churches and a cross in a churchyard, schools, a railway engine shed and a war memorial.

Borough of Chesterfield
The Borough of Chesterfield is a non-metropolitan district with borough status in Derbyshire, England. It is named after the town of Chesterfield, its largest town, and also contains the town of Staveley and the villages of Barrow Hill, Brimington, Duckmanton, Hollingwood, New Whittington, Netherthorpe, Old Whittington and Tapton. In 2022 it had a population of 104,110.

The borough borders the North East Derbyshire district to the north, west and south, and the Bolsover district to the east.
Local oxidation nanolithography
Local oxidation nanolithography (LON) is a tip-based nanofabrication method. It is based on the spatial confinement on an oxidation reaction under the sharp tip of an atomic force microscope.

The first materials on which LON was demonstrated were Si(111) and polycrystalline tantalum. Subsequently, the technique has been extended to III–V semiconductors, silicon carbide, metals such as titanium, tantalum, aluminium, molybdenum, nickel and niobium; thin films of manganite in the perovskite form; dielectrics like silicon nitride, organosilane self-assembled monolayers, dendritic macromolecules and carbonaceous films.

Manganite
Manganite is a mineral composed of manganese oxide-hydroxide, MnO(OH), crystallizing in the monoclinic system (pseudo-orthorhombic).  Crystals of manganite are prismatic and deeply striated parallel to their length; they are often grouped together in bundles. The color is dark steel-grey to iron-black, and the luster brilliant and submetallic. The streak is dark reddish brown. The hardness is 4, and the specific gravity is 4.3. There is a perfect cleavage parallel to the brachypinacoid, and less-perfect cleavage parallel to the prism faces. Twinned crystals are not infrequent.

The mineral contains 89.7% manganese sesquioxide; it dissolves in hydrochloric acid with evolution of chlorine.
Hedayatollah Behboudi
Hedayatollah Behboudi Kalhori (Persian: ;هدایت الله بهبودی کلهری; born 9 may 1960), known as Hedayatollah Behboudi (Persian: هدایت الله بهبودی) is an Iranian  writer and reporter. He was born in Tabriz, and left for Tehran in 1964. He graduated in the field of history from University of Tehran in 1992.

Behboudi is a researcher and historian (of the Iran–Iraq War; commonly known as "holy defense" in Iran), began his career as a reporter at the beginning of the Iran-Iraq war. He also became a correspondent for the Tehran Times newspaper. After three years, he moved to the office of Jomhouri Eslami. Eventually, Behboudi moved into art; and found the office of the Islamic Revolution Literature. He became the quarterly editor-in-chief of history studies.

Islamic Republican (newspaper)
Jomhouri-e Eslami (Persian: جمهوری اسهالی) is an official Iranian newspaper, which started its work on 30 May 1979, as the newspaper of Islamic Republic Party. In the beginning it was under the grantee of Islamic Republic Party and its managing director was Ali Khamenei. Mir-Hossein Mousavi was its editor-in-chief.

Even after the closure of Islamic Republic Party, the Jomhouri-e Eslami newspaper continued its work. The paper is one of the state-sponsored publications together with Ettela'at and Kayhan of which publishers are directly appointed by the Supreme Leader. As of 2013 the paper was described as "reputedly close to" Ali Akbar Hashemi-Rafsanjani.

Islamic Republican has a daily circulation of over 100,000 copies and is considered to be one of the most influential newspapers in Iran. The newspaper has been the subject of controversy over the years, with some critics accusing it of promoting the Iranian government's propaganda and censoring dissenting views.
Starksia fasciata
Starksia fasciata, the blackbar blenny, is a fish species of labrisomid blenny so far known only from around the Bahamas and Cuba. It inhabits shallow, rocky areas at depths of from 6 to 7 meters (20 to 23 ft). This species can reach a length of 2.7 centimetres (1.1 in) SL.

Blennioidei
Blennies (from the Greek ἡ βλέννα and τό βλέννος, mucus, slime) are a diverse clade of ray-finned fish in the suborder Blennioidei of the percomorph order Blenniiformes. They inhabit marine, brackish, and occasionally freshwater habitats, and generally share similar morphology and behaviour. About 151 genera and nearly 900 species have been described within the order.
Smardzew, Łęczyca County
Smardzew [ˈsmard͡zɛf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grabów, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-west of Grabów, 23 km (14 mi) north-west of Łęczyca, and 57 km (35 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łęczyca
Łęczyca (pronounced [wɛnˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa]; in full the Royal Town of Łęczyca, Polish: Królewskie Miasto Łęczyca; German: Lentschitza; Yiddish: לונטשיץ, romanized: Lintshits, Luntshits) is a town of 13,587 inhabitants in central Poland. Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the county seat of the Łęczyca County. Łęczyca is a capital of the historical Łęczyca Land.
Les Voyages de l'âme
Les Voyages de l'âme (transl. The Journeys of the Soul) is the third studio album by French blackgaze band Alcest, released on January 6, 2012, by Prophecy Productions. An edited version of the song "Autre temps" was released as a single alongside an accompanying music video. The album was described as a musical synthesis of the previous two albums, blending shoegaze, post-rock, and black metal influences.

Prophecy Productions
Prophecy Productions is an international record label, founded in Germany by Martin Koller in 1996. It proclaims promoting "transcendental [...] captivating music". Its artists perform genres like gothic rock, black metal, and neofolk.
Dunama jessiebancroftae
Dunama jessiebancroftae is a moth in the family Notodontidae. It is found in Costa Rica, where it is known from the Peninsula de Nicoya, and the lowland of central Pacific Costa Rica, at elevations ranging from 50 to 1,286 metres (164 to 4,219 ft).

Nicoya Peninsula
The Nicoya Peninsula (Spanish: Península de Nicoya) is a peninsula on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. It is divided into two provinces: Guanacaste Province in the north, and the Puntarenas Province in the south. It is located at . It varies from 30–60 km (19–37 mi) in width and is about 120 km (75 mi) long, forming the largest peninsula in the country. It is known for its beaches and is a popular tourist destination.

The main transport and commercial centre in the region is Nicoya, one of the oldest settlements in Costa Rica. Ferries run between the town of Puntarenas on the mainland and the Nicoya Peninsula. There is an international airport in nearby Liberia and small domestic airstrips in Nosara, Carrillo, Tamarindo and Tambor.
Blood parrot cichlid
The Blood Parrot Cichlid  (Amphilophus citrinellus × Vieja melanurus), or parrot cichlid, is a hybrid species of fish in the family Cichlidae. The fish was first bred in Taiwan around 1986. Blood parrots should not be confused with other parrot cichlids or salt water parrotfish (family Scaridae). Natural colors of the fish are red, yellow, and grey: other colors are injected by breeders.

Because this hybrid cichlid has various anatomical deformities, controversy exists over the ethics of creating the blood parrot. One deformity is its mouth, which has only a narrow vertical opening. This makes blood parrots somewhat harder to feed and potentially vulnerable to malnutrition.

The fish is known to be semi-aggressive. Despite its deformity, it can hold its own in a fight, and will prey on any small fish that can fit in its mouth.

Parrotfish
Parrotfish (named because their mouths resemble a parrot's beak) are a clade (a fundamental grouping in evolutionary biology consisting of a single common ancestor and all of its descendants) of fish placed in the subfamily Scarinae of the wrasse family (Labridae). Formerly treated as their own family (Scaridae), genetic studies found them to be deeply nested within the wrasses, and they are now treated as a subfamily (Scarinae). With roughly 95 species, the group's largest species richness is in the Indo-Pacific. They are found in coral reefs, rocky coasts, and seagrass beds, and can play a significant role in bioerosion  because they eat away at the corals. This activity is also often attributed to enriching the sand content on the surrounding ocean floor.
Sirmio
Sirmio is a promontory at the southern end of Lake Garda, projecting 3.3 kilometers (2.1 mi) into the lake. It is celebrated in connection with the Roman poet Catullus, as the large ruins of a Roman villa known as the Grottoes of Catullus on the promontory have been supposed to be his country house. Catullus, upon his return home from a long voyage, joyously describes Sirmio as Paene insularum, Sirmio, insularumque ocelle ("Sirmio, jewel of peninsulas and of islands") in his Carmen XXXI, Ad Sirmium insulam.
A post station bearing the name Sirmio stood on the highroad between Brixia (modern Brescia) and Verona, near the southern shore of the lake. On the shore below is the village of Sirmione, with sulfur baths.

In 1880, the poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson visited what he called "Sweet Catullus's all-but-island, olive-silvery Sirmio" in his poem "Frater Ave Atque Vale", the title referring to the last line of a famous elegy of Catullus, on the death of his brother.

Grottoes of Catullus
Grottoes of Catullus is the name given to the ruins of a Roman villa built between the end of the 1st century BC and the beginning of the 1st century AD at the northernmost end of the Sirmione peninsula on the southern shore of Lake Garda.

The archaeological complex, which always remained uncovered over time, has been the subject of academic research since the 15th century. Today, it is the most valuable testament of the Roman period in Sirmione's territory and an exceptional find of a Roman villa in northern Italy. The site, which includes the archaeological museum of Sirmione, was the twenty-seventh most visited Italian site in 2013, with 215,961 visitors and a total gross income of €504,700.
Gironella
Gironella (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒiɾuˈneʎə]) is a municipality in the comarca of the Berguedà in Catalonia, Spain. It is situated in the left bank of the Llobregat river to the south of Berga. The local economy is traditionally based on cotton spinning and textile manufacture, although tourism is now more important: the company towns or "colonies" of workers houses surround the cotton mills are of historical interest. The town is served by the C-16 road to Berga and the Cadí tunnel. Gironella, which has numerous stores, bars, and schools, is an important economic center for the smaller towns around it, such as Olvan, Sagàs or Casserres.

The town is mentioned in a well-known traditional Catalan song, A Gironella or Cançó de Gironella, in which a young man laments being rejected by his beloved and being forced to leave the town behind.

Cadí Tunnel
Cadí Tunnel (Catalan and Spanish: Túnel del Cadí) is a toll road tunnel in Catalonia, Spain, connecting the comarques of Cerdanya and Berguedà. The tunnel, with a length of 5,026 m (16,490 ft), is part of the C-16 highway and E-9, running under the Serra de Moixeró mountain range in the Pre-Pyrenees.

It comprises two lanes separated by a 2-meter-wide (6.6 ft) safety zone in the middle. The southern entrance, at an altitude of 1,175 m (3,855 ft), is located in the settlement of Gréixer, part of the municipality of Guardiola de Berguedà, in the watershed of the Llobregat river. The northern entrance is in Cerdanya, in the municipality of Urús, part of the Segre watershed, and is at a height of 1,236 m (4,055 ft).
Deaths in November 2020
The following is a list of notable deaths in November 2020.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Iowa Senate
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa Senate is the upper house of the Iowa General Assembly. There are 50 seats in the Iowa Senate, representing 50 single-member districts across the state of Iowa with populations of approximately 63,807 per constituency, as of the 2020 United States census. Each Senate district is composed of two House districts. The Senate meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the lower house, the Iowa House of Representatives, senators serve four-year terms, with no term limits. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.
Limani
Limani is a town in the Far North Region of Cameroon, on the border with Nigeria.

In 2014, the town was caught up in the Boko Haram conflict. In October 2014, Boko Haram fighters entered Limani and Amchide, another border town, killing at least 30 civilians. The Cameroonian Army reported 107 Boko Haram members were killed in the fighting that ensued. On 28 December 2014, Cameroonian troops repelled simultaneous Boko Haram raids into the towns of Limani, Amchide, Makari, Guirvidig, Waza and Achigachia, all located in Cameroon's Far North region.

Makary, Cameroon
Makary is a town in Logone-et-Chari, Far North Region, Cameroon, West Africa. The town is located on the right (east) bank of a distributary of the Chari River in the delta just before it enters Lake Chad. The people are known as Kotoko, and the local language is Mpade; Fulani (Fulfulde) is the trade language. The primary economic activity was and is fishing.
FIBT World Championships 2015
The FIBT World Championships 2015 took place at the Winterberg bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in Winterberg, Germany, for the fourth time from 23 February to 8 March 2015.

Winterberg was selected on 16 July 2011 during congress of the FIBT in Pyeongchang.

Pyeongchang County
Pyeongchang (American English: /ˌpjʌŋˈtʃɑːŋ/ pyung-CHAHNG, Korean: [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋ]; in full, Pyeongchang-gun [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋɡun]) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea, located in the Taebaek Mountains region. It is home to several Buddhist temples, including Woljeongsa. It is about 180 km (110 mi) east southeast of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and connected by expressways and high-speed passenger railways. Pyeongchang's slogan, "Happy 700 Pyeongchang", is taken from its average elevation of approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft).

Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. It was officially rebranded as "PyeongChang" (with a capital 'C') for the purposes of the 2018 Games, in order to avoid confusion with Pyongyang in North Korea.
Three Waters Mountain
Three Waters Mountain (11,685 ft (3,562 m)) is located in the northern Wind River Range in the U.S. state of Wyoming. Three Waters Mountain straddles the Continental Divide and is in both Bridger-Teton and Shoshone National Forests. The mountain receives its name from being the triple point between the watersheds of the Colorado, Columbia, and Mississippi Rivers.

Triple divide
A triple divide or triple watershed is a point on Earth's surface where three drainage basins meet. A triple divide results from the intersection of two drainage divides. Triple divides range from prominent mountain peaks to minor side peaks, down to simple slope changes on a ridge which are otherwise unremarkable. The elevation of a triple divide can be thousands of meters to barely above sea level. Triple divides are a common hydrographic feature of any terrain that has rivers, streams and/or lakes.

Topographic triple divides do not necessarily respect the underground path of water. Thus, depending on the infiltration and the different geological layers, the hydrologic triple divide is often offset from the topographic triple divide.

A hydrological apex is a triple divide whose waters flow into three different oceans. Depending on definition, Triple Divide Peak in the U.S. state of Montana, or Snow Dome in Canada are the only such places on Earth.