hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ratason
Ratason is a village in Salon block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 43 km from Raebareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, Ratason has a population of 5,685 people, in 956 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities, as well as a sub post office, and it hosts both a permanent market and a periodic haat. Agriculturally, major crops grown here include wheat, rice, and potatoes.

The 1961 census recorded Ratason as comprising 11 hamlets, with a total population of 1,728 people (891 male and 837 female), in 376 households and 368 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,726 acres.

The 1981 census recorded Ratason as having a population of 2,860 people, in 670 households, and having an area of 698.49 hectares.

Haat bazaar
Haat Bazaar (Bengali: হাটবাজার) is an open-air market that serves as a trading venue for local people in rural areas and towns mainly in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal and India. Haat bazaars are conducted on a regular basis, usually once, twice or thrice a week, and in some places once every fortnight. At times, haat bazaars are organized in a different manner, to support or promote trading by and with rural people. In addition to providing trading opportunities, haat bazaars serve as meeting places, rural settlements come up around the haats which gradually grow into towns.
2025 Chile Open
The 2025 Chile Open (known as the Movistar Chile Open for sponsorship reasons) was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 27th edition of the Chile Open, and part of the ATP 250 tournaments of the 2025 ATP Tour. It took place in Santiago, Chile from 24 February through 2 March 2025.

Francesco Passaro
Francesco Passaro (born 7 January 2001) is an Italian tennis player.
He reached a career high ATP singles ranking of world No. 89 on 17 February 2025 and a doubles ranking of No. 256 on 20 February 2023.
2011 Gastein Ladies
The 2011 Gastein Ladies was a professional women's tennis tournament played on  outdoor clay courts. It was the fifth edition of the tournament which was part of the WTA International series of the 2011 WTA Tour. It took place in Bad Gastein, Austria between 11 and 18 July 2011. Unseeded María José Martínez Sánchez won the singles title.

Bad Gastein
Bad Gastein (German pronunciation: [baːt ɡasˈtaɪn]) is a spa town in the St. Johann im Pongau District of Austria. Picturesquely situated in a high valley of the Hohe Tauern mountain range, it is known for the Gastein waterfall and a variety of grand hotel buildings.
Nowek
Nowek [ˈnɔvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łopuszno, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-east of Łopuszno and 24 km (15 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Kielce County
Kielce County (Polish: powiat kielecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Kielce, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains five towns: Chęciny, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Kielce, Chmielnik, 32 km (20 mi) south of Kielce, Daleszyce, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Kielce, Bodzentyn, 25 km (16 mi) east of Kielce, Morawica, 13,7 km (8,5 mi) south of Kielce.

The county covers an area of 2,247.45 square kilometres (867.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 206,856, out of which the population of Chęciny is 4,444, that of Chmielnik is 3,681, that of Daleszyce is 2,896, that of Bodzentyn is 2,233, that of Morawica is 1,711, and the rural population is 191,891.
Second Nature (Netsky album)
Second Nature is the fourth studio album by Belgian producer Netsky, released through Hospital Records on 30 October 2020. The album marks Netsky's return to Hospital Records, and includes collaborations with Becky Hill, Rudimental and Sub Focus. Second Nature debuted in the top 10 of the Flemish albums chart, and also reached the top 20 in New Zealand.

Sub Focus
Nicolaas Douwma (born 13 April 1982), better known by his stage name Sub Focus, is an English DJ, music producer, songwriter and sound engineer. He has been releasing records since 2003. On 12 October 2009, he released his self-titled debut album. He released his second album, Torus, on 30 September 2013. Douwma's album in collaboration with Wilkinson titled Portals was released on 9 October 2020 through Casablanca Records. His fourth album, Evolve, was released on 12 May 2023.
Heracleodorus (4th century BCE)
Heracleodorus (Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλεόδωρος) was a student of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who, after being for some time under the instruction of that philosopher, became negligent, and gave himself up to idleness; a charge which drew a letter of criticism from Demosthenes, who is said to have been a fellow student of Plato at the time.

This letter is mentioned in a fragment of the commentary on Plato's Gorgias written by Olympiodorus the Younger, preserved in the manuscript collection of Praeannotamenta Miscellanea in Platonem, in what was the imperial library at Vienna and is now the Austrian National Library.

Austrian National Library
The Austrian National Library (German: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, pronounced [ˌøːstəʁaɪçɪʃə natsi̯oˈnaːlbiblioˌteːk]) is the largest library in Austria, with more than 12 million items in its various collections. The library is located in the Neue Burg Wing of the Hofburg in center of Vienna. Since 2005, some of the collections have been relocated within the Baroque structure of the Palais Mollard-Clary. Founded by the Habsburgs, the library was originally called the Imperial Court Library (German: Kaiserliche Hofbibliothek); the change to the current name occurred in 1920, following the end of the Habsburg Monarchy and the proclamation of the Austrian Republic. The library complex includes four museums, as well as multiple special collections and archives.
Alpha Pyxidis
Alpha Pyxidis, Latinised from α Pyxidis, is a giant star in the constellation Pyxis. It is the brightest star in Pyxis, and is easily visible to the naked eye. It has a stellar classification of B1.5III and is a Beta Cephei variable. This star has more than ten times the mass of the Sun and is more than six times the Sun's radius. The surface temperature is 24,300 K and the star is about 10,000 times as luminous as the Sun. Stars such as this with more than 10 solar masses are expected to end their life by exploding as a supernova.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Borteyman Sports Complex
Borteyman Sports Complex is a multidisciplinary sport center located in Borteyman,  a suburb of Accra, Ghana. It was commissioned by President Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo-Addo, the President of Ghana on February 13, 2024 ahead of the 13th Africa Games to be hosted in Ghana.

President of Ghana
The president of the Republic of Ghana is the elected head of state and head of government of Ghana, as well as commander-in-chief of the Ghana Armed Forces. The current president of Ghana is John Mahama, who won the 2024 presidential election against then vice president, Mahamudu Bawumia, by a margin of 14.94%. He was sworn into office on 7 January 2025.
Guozha Lake
Kotra Tso (Tibetan: ཀོ་བཀྲ་མཚ, Wylie: ko bkra mtsha, THL: ko tra tsa), or Guozha Lake (Chinese: 郭扎错; pinyin: Guō zhā cuò),
previously called Lake Lighten, is a glacial lake in Rutog County in the Ngari Prefecture in the northwest of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. It lies in the western Kunlun Mountains to the northwest of Bangda Lake, not far from the regional border with Xinjiang.  Located at an altitude of 5080 metres, it covers an area of 244 square kilometres with a maximum depth of 81.9 metres and has a drainage basin containing 62 glaciers.

India's claim line in Aksai Chin runs along the water-parting line of Lake Lighten and the Amtogor Lake to the west. However, China has claimed the whole of Aksai Chin in 1959.

Aksai Chin Lake
Aksai Chin Lake or Aksayqin Lake, (Chinese: 阿克赛钦湖; pinyin: Ākèsàiqīn Hú) is an endorheic lake in the disputed region of Aksai Chin. The plateau is administered by China but also claimed by India. Its Tibetan / Ladakhi name is Amtogar or Amtogor Tso which means "encounter with a round object".
DLD/NP1
DLD/NP1 is a tumor suppressor gene discovered by a team of medical students from an American University in Lebanon. The new medical achievement was described by two students, Maroun Hajjar, and Mozes Chalovski, and tested for in samples taken from a population of 984 individuals (p= 0.0056*), including their mentor, Dr. Davis Davis.

In 2010, work began in the only classroom of the "outstanding" medical school, to describe why the doctor in charge had such weird symptoms attributed to his unusual tumor. Almost one year later, DLD/NP1 gene was identified and found repeatedly in Davis' DNA.

DNA methylation of a CpG island near the DLD/NP1 promoter as well as histone acetylation may represent possible epigenetic mechanisms leading to decreased gene expression in human tumors.

CpG site
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands. CpGs are the common unit of methylation because their information is double stranded (the GpC complement is also methylated). This allows methylation information to be preserved during cell division.

Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosines. Enzymes that add a methyl group are called DNA methyltransferases. In mammals, 70% to 80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. Methylating the cytosine within a gene can change its expression, a mechanism that is part of a larger field of science studying gene regulation that is called epigenetics. Methylated cytosines often mutate to thymines.

In humans, about 70% of promoters located near the transcription start site of a gene (proximal promoters) contain a CpG island.
Ahmed Wali Karzai
Ahmad Wali Karzai (Pashto: احمد ولي کرزی, Aḥmad Walī Karzay, 1961 – 12 July 2011) was an Afghan politician who served as Chairman of the Kandahar Provincial Council from 2005 until his assassination. He was the younger paternal half-brother of former Afghan President Hamid Karzai and an elder of the Popalzai tribe. Wali Karzai had formerly lived in the United States, where he managed a restaurant owned by his family. He returned to Afghanistan following the removal of the Taliban government in late 2001. He had been accused of political corruption and was allegedly on the CIA payroll. He was assassinated at his residence by one of his close bodyguards, Sardar Mohammad, on 12 July 2011.

Karz, Kandahar
Karz (Pashto: کرز) is a village in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan, near the city of Kandahar.

The Afghan former president, Hamid Karzai, is from Karz. His father is buried there. On July 29, 2014, his cousin, Hashmat Karzai, was killed by a suicide bomber there.
Fajã Mata Sete
The Fajã Mata Sete (literally, "fajã that kills seven") is a debris field (fajã) formed over time by collapsing cliffs on the northern coast of the civil parish of Rosais, in the municipality of Velas, on the island of São Jorge in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores.

Velas, Azores
Velas (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvɛlɐʃ] ⓘ) is a municipality in the São Jorge Island, in the Portuguese autonomous region of Azores. The municipality encompasses the western portion of the island, with its municipal seat in the town of Velas on the south coast, and is divided into six parishes. The population in 2011 was 5,398, in an area of 117.38 km².
Saudi Vellakka
Saudi Vellakka CC.225/2009 is a 2022 Indian Malayalam-language crime drama film, written and directed by Tharun Moorthy. The film stars Lukman Avaran, Devi Varma, Binu Pappu, Sujith Shankar, Dhanya Ananya. The film was produced by Sandip Senan under the banner Urvasi Theatres. This film earned many awards and nominations including the National Film Award for Best Malayalam Feature Film.

Saudi Vellakka was released on 2 December 2022 to positive reviews from critics.

Sujith Shankar
Sujith Shanker is an Indian actor, known for his works in theater and Malayalam cinema. He trained under Kavalam Narayana Panicker at the Sopanam Institute of Performing Arts (1999–2002) and subsequently at the National School of Drama (2002–2005) in New Delhi. Here, he worked with and studied under the likes of Anuradha Kapur, Abhilash Pillai, Khaled Tyabji, Robin Das, Kirti Jain, M. K. Raina, C. R. Jambe, Anamika Haksar and Adil Hussain.

Helen, written and performed by Sujith Shanker and directed by Abhilash Pillai was performed at Tokyo and Seoul as part of Performing Women: 3 Reinterpretations from Greek Tragedy hosted by the Japan Foundation as part of a joint work with artists from India, Iran, Uzbekistan, and Japan, in 2007 and 2009.
Ken Kelley (American football)
Ken Kelley (born June 20, 1960) is an American former football linebacker who played two seasons in the United States Football League (USFL) with the Philadelphia Stars, Chicago Blitz and Birmingham Stallions. He was selected by the Philadelphia Stars in the 1983 USFL Territorial Draft. He played college football at Penn State University and attended Sterling High School in Somerdale, New Jersey.

USFL draft
The United States Football League had two types of drafts as their main sources for player recruitment: the collegiate draft and the territorial draft. The collegiate draft resembled its NFL counterpart, in which teams were given a position in the drafting order, based on their win and loss record for the previous year.
Edna Elena Vega
Edna Elena Vega Rangel (born July 22, 1962, in Mexico City) is a Mexican sociologist. She has served as the secretary of agrarian, territorial, and urban development (SEDATU) of Mexico since October 1, 2024, under the presidency of Claudia Sheinbaum. Prior to this, she held various roles in urban development and housing, including director general of the National Housing Commission (CONAVI) and undersecretary of territorial and agrarian planning in the administration of President Andrés Manuel López Obrador.

Secretariat of Agrarian, Land, and Urban Development
The Secretariat for Agrarian, Land and Urban Development (Spanish: Secretaría de Desarrollo Agrario, Territorial y Urbano, SEDATU) is the Mexican cabinet agency in charge of agriculture, urban development and living space.
Diocesan School for Girls
Diocesan School for Girls can refer to:

Ireland

The Diocesan School for Girls, Dublin, merged with The High School, Dublin in 1974

New Zealand

Diocesan School for Girls (Auckland)

Waikato Diocesan School, Hamilton

South Africa

Diocesan School for Girls, Grahamstown, Eastern Cape

St. Mary's Diocesan School for Girls, Kloof, KwaZulu-Natal

St. John's Diocesan School for Girls Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal

See also

Diocesan Girls' School

Diocesan School for Girls, Grahamstown
The Diocesan School for Girls or DSG is a private boarding school for girls, situated in Makhanda (Grahamstown) in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is one of the most expensive private girls' schools in South Africa.
NgAgo
NgAgo is a single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-guided Argonaute endonuclease, an acronym for Natronobacterium gregoryi Argonaute. NgAgo binds 5′ phosphorylated ssDNA of ~24 nucleotides (gDNA) to guide it to its target site and will make DNA double-strand breaks at the gDNA site. Like the CRISPR/Cas system, NgAgo was reported by Chunyu Han et al. to be suitable for genome editing, but this has not been replicated. In contrast to Cas9, the NgAgo–gDNA system does not require a protospacer adjacent motif (PAM).

Natronobacterium
Natronobacterium is a genus of archaeans in the family the Natrialbaceae.  A member of the domain Archaea, it is both an extreme halophile and alkaliphile, thriving at an optimum saline concentration of 20% and optimum pH of 10.
Eagle Crag
Eagle Crag is a fell in the Lake District in Cumbria, England, it is situated near the village of Stonethwaite where the valleys of Langstrath and Greenup join. Impressive walls of crag look down upon Stonethwaite, making Eagle Crag the most arresting sight from that settlement. It can be climbed direct by the average walker, picking a route between the rock faces.

Fell
Fell (from Old Norse: fell, "mountain → landscape over the tree line"; cf.  Icelandic: fell, Norwegian: fjell, Swedish: fjäll) is a high and barren landscape feature, such as a mountain or moor-covered hill, often mountain landscape over the tree line, etc. The term is most often employed in Fennoscandia, Iceland, the Isle of Man, parts of northern England, and Scotland.
2024 Aspria Tennis Cup – Singles
Federico Agustín Gómez defeated Filip Cristian Jianu in the final, 6–3, 6–4, to win the men's singles title at the 2024 Aspria Tennis Cup.

Facundo Díaz Acosta was the defending champion but chose not to defend his title.

Facundo Díaz Acosta
Facundo Díaz Acosta (born 15 December 2000) is an Argentine professional tennis player.
He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 47, achieved on 22 April 2024 and a doubles ranking of No. 173, achieved on 28 November 2022.
Díaz Acosta has won one singles ATP title at the 2024 Argentina Open.

Díaz Acosta competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and has won five Challenger singles titles.
Monika Schleier-Smith
Monika Schleier-Smith is an American experimental physicist studying many-body quantum physics by precisely assembling systems of ultracold atoms. Her research helps connect the world of theoretical and experimental physics. These atomic, molecular, and optical physics (AMO) engineered systems have applications in quantum sensing, coherent control, and quantum computing. Schleier-Smith is an associate professor of physics at Stanford University, a MacArthur Fellow, a Sloan Research Fellow, and a National Science Foundation CAREER Award recipient. Schleier-Smith also serves on the board of directors for the Hertz Foundation and also works to improve education through speaking and serving on panels.

Quantum sensor
Within quantum technology, a quantum sensor utilizes quantum mechanical phenomena, such as quantum superposition, quantum entanglement, and quantum squeezing, to measure things. If a quantum system is measurable, and it interacts with its environment in a known way, then measurements of that system can provide information about its environment. Theoretically such sensor technology would have precision limited only by the uncertainty principle.
The field of quantum sensing deals with the design and engineering of quantum mechanical systems and measurements with potential for better performance than any classical strategy in a number of technological applications. Of the wide range of quantum mechanical systems that can be used as a quantum sensor, most can be classified as photonic systems or solid state systems.
Baby (nickname)
Baby is the nickname of:

Baby Arizmendi (1914–1962), Mexican featherweight world boxing champion

Baby Consuelo (born 1952), Brazilian singer, guitarist and composer

Baby Dalupan (1923–2016), former Philippine Basketball Association coach and player

Baby Dodds (1898–1959), American jazz drummer

Baby John (1917–2008), Indian socialist politician

Baby Ray (1914–1986), American National Football League player

Baby Tate (1916–1972), American Piedmont blues guitarist

Baby Washington (born 1940), American soul and R&B singer

Dave "Baby" Cortez (born 1938), American pop and R&B organist and pianist

Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (1857–1944), youngest daughter of Queen Victoria

Rafael Araújo (basketball) (born 1980), Brazilian professional basketball player

Baby Jake,  South African boxer and junior flyweight champion

Baby Tate (guitarist)
Charles Henry Tate, known as Baby Tate (January 28, 1916 – August 17, 1972) was an American Piedmont blues guitarist, who in a sporadic career spanning five decades worked with the guitarists Blind Boy Fuller and Pink Anderson and the harmonica player Peg Leg Sam. His playing style was influenced by Blind Blake, Buddy Moss, Blind Boy Fuller, Josh White, Willie Walker, and to some extent Lightnin' Hopkins.
Raasta (2003 film)
Rasta (transl.  The Road) is a 2003 Indian Bengali-language action thriller film written and directed by Bratya Basu. It is a revenge thriller drama, consisting of crimes in the roads of Kolkata, related to a drug syndicate supported by a corrupt politician.

Bratya Basu
Bratyabrata Basu Roy Chowdhury  also known as Bratya Basu, is an Indian actor, stage director, playwright, film director, professor, educationist and politician who has been the Education Minister of West Bengal since 2021. He held the same office in the First Mamata Banerjee ministry. In May 2016, Basu was assigned the portfolios of Tourism, Science Technology and Bio-Technology, and Information Technology and Electronics. He has been an elected Member of the Legislative Assembly, from the Dum Dum constituency, since the 2011 Assembly Election of West Bengal. Basu is presently the Chairperson of Paschimbanga Bangla Akademi and Minerva Natyasanskriti Charchakendra under the governance of the Department of Information and Cultural Affairs, West Bengal.
IEEE Internet of Things Journal
The IEEE Internet of Things Journal is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the IEEE on behalf of the IEEE Sensors Council, IEEE Communications Society, IEEE Computer Society, and IEEE Signal Processing Society. It covers research on the Internet of things. The journal was established in 2004 and the editor-in-chief is Honggang Wang (University of Massachusetts Dartmouth).

IEEE Signal Processing Society
The IEEE Signal Processing Society (IEEE SPS) is one of the nearly 40 technical societies of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the first one created.  
Its mission is to "advance and disseminate state-of-the-art scientific information and resources; educate the signal processing community; and provide a venue for people to interact and exchange ideas."