hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gobabis
Gobabis (Otjiherero: Epako, Khoekhoe: ǂKhoandabes) is a town in eastern Namibia. It is the regional capital of the Omaheke Region, and the district capital of the Gobabis electoral constituency. Gobabis is in the heart of the cattle farming area. It had a population of 33,418 people in 2023.

Popular Democratic Movement
The Popular Democratic Movement (PDM), formerly Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA), is an amalgamation of political parties in Namibia, registered as one singular party for representation purposes. In coalition with the United Democratic Front, it formed the official opposition in Parliament until the parliamentary elections in 2009. The party currently holds five seats in the Namibian National Assembly and one seat in the Namibian National Council. Further, the PDM has lost its status as the official opposition party, taking the fourth place. McHenry Venaani is the President of the PDM.

The PDM is an associate member of the International Democracy Union, a transnational grouping of national political parties generally identified with political conservatism, and a member of the Democracy Union of Africa, which was re-launched in Accra, Ghana in February 2019. The President of the party, McHenry Venaani, is the current chairperson of the Democrat Union of Africa.
I-III-VI semiconductors
I-III-VI2 semiconductors are solid semiconducting materials that contain three or more chemical elements belonging to groups I, III and VI (IUPAC groups 1/11, 13 and 16) of the periodic table. They usually involve two metals and one chalcogen. Some of these materials have a direct bandgap, Eg, of approximately 1.5 eV, which makes them efficient absorbers of sunlight and thus potential solar cell materials. A fourth element is often added to a I-III-VI2 material to tune the bandgap for maximum solar cell efficiency. A representative example is copper indium gallium selenide (CuInxGa(1–x)Se2, Eg = 1.7–1.0 eV for x = 0–1), which is used in copper indium gallium selenide solar cells.

Direct and indirect band gaps
In semiconductors, the band gap of a semiconductor can be of two basic types, a direct band gap or an indirect band gap.   The minimal-energy state in the conduction band and the maximal-energy state in the valence band are each characterized by a certain crystal momentum (k-vector) in the Brillouin zone. If the k-vectors are different, the material has an "indirect gap". The band gap is called "direct" if the crystal momentum of electrons and holes is the same in both the conduction band and the valence band; an electron can directly emit a photon. In an "indirect" gap, a photon cannot be emitted because the electron must pass through an intermediate state and transfer momentum to the crystal lattice.

Examples of direct bandgap materials include hydrogenated amorphous silicon and some III–V materials such as InAs and GaAs. Indirect bandgap materials include crystalline silicon and Ge. Some III–V materials are indirect bandgap as well, for example AlSb.
Low-temperature burn
Low-temperature burn (also called low-heat burn or low-temperature scald) is a type of burn injury caused by prolonged contact of skin with a heat source of moderate temperature (often ~ 44–51 °C (111–124 °F)) for an extended period, rather than brief contact with very high temperature. These burns may appear superficially mild but often involve deeper dermal or subcutaneous tissue.

Subcutaneous tissue
The subcutaneous tissue (from Latin  subcutaneous 'beneath the skin'), also called the hypodermis, hypoderm (from Greek 'beneath the skin'), subcutis, or superficial fascia, is the lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. The types of cells found in the layer are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. The subcutaneous tissue is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the mesoderm's dermatome region. It consists primarily of loose connective tissue and contains larger blood vessels and nerves than those found in the dermis. It is a major site of fat storage in the body.

In arthropods, a hypodermis can refer to an epidermal layer of cells that secretes the chitinous cuticle. The term also refers to a layer of cells lying immediately below the epidermis of plants.
Incurvaria oehlmanniella
Incurvaria oehlmanniella is a moth of the family Incurvariidae. It is found in Europe and across the Palearctic to eastern Siberia.

Its wingspan is 12–16 mm. The head is deep ochreous yellow. The forewings are dark bronzy-fuscous, mixed with purplish with a subtriangular dorsal spot before middle, a smaller one before
the tornus, and a third sometimes nearly obsolete on costa at 3/4 pale yellowish. Hindwings rather dark purplish-grey.

It flies from April to July, depending on the location.

The larvae feed on bilberry, cloudberry, Cornus (syn. Swida) and Prunus.

Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus chamaemorus (also known as cloudberry) is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae.

A herbaceous perennial, it produces amber-colored, edible fruit similar in structure to the blackberry. It is native to cool temperate regions, alpine and Arctic tundra, and boreal forest. It is not cultivated commercially.

It has numerous common names varying by region, such as Nordic berry, Arctic berry, baked apple, knotberry, aqpik or lowbush salmonberry.
The Road: Winter for Spring
The Road: Winter for Spring is a Korean-language single album by South Korean boy band Super Junior, released on February 28, 2022. The single album features the vocals of nine Super Junior members, which are Leeteuk, Heechul, Yesung, Shindong, Eunhyuk, Donghae, Siwon, Ryeowook and Kyuhyun.

Yesung
Kim Kang-hoon (born Kim Jong-woon; August 24, 1984), known professionally as Yesung, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor, radio personality, and television presenter. He debuted in 2005 as a member of Super Junior and its subgroups Super Junior-K.R.Y. (2006), Super Junior-H (2008) and participated in SM Entertainment's projects SM The Ballad (2014). Aside from group activities, he has recorded songs for various television dramas and movies, participated in various television dramas, movies, musicals and radio hosting.

He began his solo career in 2016 with his first extended play, Here I Am.
Sdot Micha Airbase
Sdot Micha Airbase (in Hebrew: שדות מיכה‎, lit. Micha Fields) is an Israeli Air Force (IAF) missile base and depot, whose existence Israel neither confirms nor denies. It is situated in the center of Israel, halfway from Jerusalem to the Mediterranean Sea and extends nearly 13 km from southeast to northwest. The center of the base is located 1.5 km north of moshav Sdot Micha and it has neither a runway nor a visible heliport. Its facilities can now be clearly seen on satellite images. Nuclear warheads are supposed to be stored at the base, that can be fired from mobile missiles stationed in caverns there.

Operation HaHar
Operation HaHar (Hebrew: ההר, The Mountain), or Operation El HaHar, was an Israeli Defence Forces campaign against villages southwest of Jerusalem launched at the end of October 1948. The operation lasted from 19 to 24 October and was carried out by troops from the Harel and Etzioni Brigades. The villages were defended by units from the Egyptian army and local militias. By the end of the campaign over a dozen villages had been captured. It coincided with Operation Yoav which attacked Egyptian positions further south.
Henry Robert Steel
Henry Robert Steel (born 10 July 1989) is a South African chess player. He was awarded the title International Master by FIDE in 2014. He has won the South African Chess Championship twice, in 2007 and 2011 (jointly with Watu Kobese).

Steel played for the South African national team at the Chess Olympiads of 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014, and at the All-Africa Games in 2007 and 2011, winning the team silver medal both times. In 2011 he also won an individual silver playing the top board.

He tied for 2nd–3rd place with Essam El Gindy in the 2011 African Chess Championship, taking third place on tie-break. This result qualified him for the FIDE World Cup, held later that year. Here he was knocked out by Vassily Ivanchuk in the first round.

African Chess Championship
The first African Chess Championship was played in 1998. Ibrahim Hasan Labib and Mohamed Tissir both shared first place with 7/10, but the former took the title.

The 2007 championship was the FIDE Zone 4 qualifier for the Chess World Cup 2007, the next stage in the 2010 World Championship.  Six players qualified for the 2007 World Cup: IM Robert Gwaze (Zimbabwe), IM Pedro Aderito (Angola), IM Essam El Gindy (Egypt), GM Bassem Amin (Egypt), GM Ahmed Adly (Egypt), and FM Khaled Abdel Razik (Egypt).
Paris Mason Building
The Paris Mason Building is a historic house located at 100 N. Springfield St. in Grafton, Illinois. The house was built circa 1840 for Paris Mason, the brother of Grafton's founder James Mason, and was at the time a riverfront building which Mason used as a house and warehouse. The four-room hall and parlor house was built with rock-faced limestone; its only decorations are the limestone lintels and sills on the windows. The building is an early example of local limestone construction in Grafton, as it predates the regional boom in limestone quarrying and construction in the 1850s.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on February 6, 1994.

Hall and parlor house
A hall-and-parlor house is a type of vernacular house found in early-modern to 19th century England, as well as in colonial North America. It is presumed to have been the model on which other North American house types have been developed, such as the Cape Cod house, saltbox, and central-passage house, and in turn influenced the somewhat-later I-house. In England it had been a more modest development from the medieval hall house.
Northern Provincial Council
Northern Provincial Council (Tamil: வட மாகாண சபை Vaṭa Mākāṇa Capai; NPC) is the provincial council for the Northern Province in Sri Lanka. In accordance with the Sri Lankan constitution, NPC has legislative power over a variety of matters including agriculture, education, health, housing, local government, planning, road transport and social services. The constitution also gives it powers over police and land but successive central governments have refused to devolve these powers to the provinces. NPC has 38 members elected using the open list proportional representation system.

Provincial governments of Sri Lanka
Provincial governments of Sri Lanka are the devolved governments of the nine Provinces of Sri Lanka. In accordance with the Sri Lankan constitution, provinces have legislative power over a variety of matters including agriculture, education, health, housing, local government, planning, road transport and social services.
31st Alaska State Legislature
The 31st Alaska State Legislature represented the legislative branch of Alaska's state government from January 15, 2019, to January 18, 2021. Its initial 60-person membership was set by the 2018 Alaska elections, though two members subsequently died in office and two resigned their seats, requiring replacements appointed by Alaska governor Mike Dunleavy.

Members of the Legislature were deeply divided by budget issues and the future of the Alaska Permanent Fund. Members of the 31st Legislature continued taking substantive action after the 2020 Alaska elections, including the authorization of a lawsuit against Dunleavy.

The 31st Legislature held two regular sessions and two special sessions:

Government of Alaska
The government of Alaska in common with state and federal governments of the United States, has three branches of government: the executive, consisting of the Governor of Alaska and the state agencies; the state legislature consisting of two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate; and the judiciary consisting of the Supreme court and lower courts.

Alaska has 246 federally recognized tribal governments and one federal Indian (Native American) reservation.
Milind Mhamal
Milind Mhamal is an Indian librarian and translator from Goa. He won the 2024 Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize in Konkani for Bhartiya Tathvagineanachi Ruprekha, his translation of Outline of Indian Philosophy by M. Hiriyanna. Mhamal works as an Assistant Professor and Programme Director of Library and Information Science at the Goa Business School, Goa University.

Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize
Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize or Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation is a literary honour in India, presented by Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, given to "outstanding translations of creative and critical works" in 24 major Indian languages such as English, Rajasthani and the 22 listed languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution recognised by the Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi.

The award, established in 1989, comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 50,000. Krishnamohan was the youngest translator to win the prize aged 32 in Hindi and Kalachand Shastri is the oldest to win the prize aged 89 in Manipuri.
Dwarf siren
Dwarf sirens are eel-like salamanders of the genus Pseudobranchus. Dwarf sirens possess external gills throughout adulthood and lack hind legs, and can be distinguished from members of the genus Siren in that dwarf sirens have three toes on each foot rather than four. Whereas sirens have three gill slits, dwarf sirens keep just a single slit. Like sirens, dwarf sirens are restricted to the Southeastern United States.

Foot
The foot (pl.: feet) is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion. In many animals with feet, the foot is an organ at the terminal part of the leg made up of one or more segments or bones, generally including claws and/or nails.
Laura (clothing retailer)
Laura's Shoppe Inc. is a Canadian women’s wear boutique chain founded in 1930 by Laura Wolstein, the first Laura store was located on St. Hubert Street, Montreal.

Laura Canada remained a one-store operation until 1973 when Kalman Fisher, grandson of Laura Wolstein, and now President of Laura Canada, opened a second store in a small shopping centre in the Montreal suburb of St. Laurent.  A third store was opened in Place Vertu in 1975, followed by another in les Galeries d'Anjou in 1976.

Saint-Laurent-de-l'Île-d'Orléans
Saint-Laurent-de-l'Île-d'Orléans (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ lɔʁɑ̃ də lil dɔʁleɑ̃], lit. 'Saint-Laurent of the Orléans Island') is a municipality in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada, part of the L'Île-d'Orléans Regional County Municipality. It is situated on the south side of Orléans Island.  Prior to June 6, 1998 it was known simply as Saint-Laurent.

Saint-Laurent has been twinned with Tourouvre in France since 1982.
Hugh O'Brian filmography
The filmography of Hugh O'Brian (April 19, 1925 – September 5, 2016) comprises both film and television roles. In a career spanning nearly seven decades, he has appeared in overall fifty-three feature films, sixteen television movies and forty-six series.

On screen, O'Brian debuted as Sailor in William Beaudine's drama Kidnapped (1948), while for television he made his debut in Arch Oboler's anthology series Oboler's Comedy Theatre (1949). In 1954, O'Brian won the Golden Globe as the Most Promising Newcomer - Male, while in 1957, he received a Primetime Emmy Award-nomination for Best Continuing Performance by an Actor in a Dramatic Series.

William Beaudine
William Washington Beaudine (January 15, 1892 – March 18, 1970) was an American film director. He was one of Hollywood's most prolific directors, turning out a remarkable 179 feature-length films in a wide variety of genres.

He is best known today for his silent films Little Annie Rooney and Sparrows, both with Mary Pickford; the W. C. Fields comedy The Old Fashioned Way; several Bela Lugosi and Charlie Chan thrillers; Mom and Dad, a sex-education exploitation film; and the popular Bowery Boys comedies.
2017 Connacht Senior Football Championship
The 2017 Connacht Senior Football Championship was the 118th installment of the annual Connacht Senior Football Championship organised by Connacht GAA. It is one of the four provincial competitions of the 2017 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship. Defending champions from 2016, Galway were dethroned by Roscommon, who won their first Connacht title since 2010.

Roscommon GAA
The Roscommon County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael, Coiste Chontae Ros Comáin) or Roscommon GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Roscommon.

The county board is also responsible for the Roscommon county teams.

The county football team was the third from the province of Connacht to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), following Galway and Mayo. It competes in the Connacht Senior Football Championship, which it has won 23 times. The team won back-to-back All-Ireland SFC titles in 1943 and 1944.
Peter Ginn
Peter Ginn is a British archaeologist, best known as a presenter of the BBC educational television documentary series (2005–2014) known as the BBC historic farm series. Ginn and Ruth Goodman were the only presenters to appear in every Farm series, although he did not appear in the related Victorian Pharmacy. His later television work includes Secrets of the Castle (2014) and Full Steam Ahead (2016).

Ginn grew up in Bodicote, Oxfordshire, and went to St John's RC Primary and Blessed George Napier Schools in Banbury. He studied Egyptian archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. Ginn, or Fonz as he was generally called on the series, was added to the cast of the 2005 Tales from the Green Valley when his university friend Alex Langlands was injured.

BBC historic farm series
BBC Two's historical farm series are five documentary series first broadcast on BBC Two from 2005 to 2013. They illustrate the lives of people: farmers, labourers, fishermen, housewives, etc. in a variety of historical contexts. Historians and archaeologists play the parts of ordinary people and live and work immersed in the time specified.  The team perform the everyday crafts such as hunting, gathering, sowing and reaping as well as experimenting with more specialised work like blacksmithing, woodcutting and mining under the eyes of an experienced tutor. Each series (save the first) has taken place at a public living history site that provides external in-period experts, experience, and flavour. The Wartime Farm series includes conversations with men and women who remember the time. All were produced by David Upshal for Lion Television.
1933 South Australian state election
The 1933 South Australian state election was held on 8 April 1933 to elect all 46 members of the South Australian House of Assembly. The incumbent Parliamentary Labor Party government, led by Premier Robert Richards, was defeated by the opposition Liberal and Country League, led by Leader of the Opposition Richard L. Butler. Each district elected multiple members.

Premier of South Australia
The Premier of South Australia is the head of government in the Australian state of South Australia. The Government of South Australia follows the Westminster system, with the Parliament of South Australia acting as the legislature. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of South Australia, and by modern convention holds office by virtue of their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the House of Assembly.

Peter Malinauskas is the current Premier, having served since 21 March 2022. Thomas Playford IV is the longest serving Premier, and the longest serving head of government in Australian history, serving for over 26 years from 1938 until 1965, holding on to power thanks the Playmander.
Ladies Before Gentlemen
Ladies Before Gentlemen is an American television series that aired on the DuMont Television Network from February 28 to May 2, 1951. It was a panel show which featured discussions of male and female perspectives on a variety of topics. Moderated by Ken Roberts, the program aired from February 28 to May 2, 1951. The series was produced by Henry Misrock.

Panel show
A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participate. Celebrity panelists may compete with each other, such as on The News Quiz; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants, such as on Match Game and Blankety Blank; or do both, such as on Wait Wait Don't Tell Me. The genre can be traced to 1938, when Information Please debuted on American radio. The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game, a charades show in 1946. The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This? in 1940. While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S., they are still very common in the United Kingdom.
Mazouna District
Mazouna District is a district of Relizane Province, Algeria.

The district is further divided into 3 municipalities:

Mazouna

El Guettar

36°07′33″N 0°52′35″E﻿ / ﻿36.1257°N 0.8765°E﻿ / 36.1257; 0.8765

Mazouna
Mazouna is a town and commune in Relizane Province, Algeria. It was once the capital of the Ottomans' western province. It is known for its vintage mosque, Elzawya, which played the role of a well-respected school for teaching the Quran.
University of Maryland Observatory
University of Maryland Observatory  is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Maryland, College Park.  It is located in College Park, Maryland, USA. The Observatory hosts free open houses for the public twice a month, where visitors receive a lecture and access to three of the Observatory's telescopes. The open houses begin at 9 PM from May to October, and at 8 PM from November to April. The Washington Post named the Observatory open houses one of its seven favorite weekend excursions to do in the Washington metropolitan area in 2009.

Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial, marine, or celestial events. Astronomy, climatology/meteorology, geophysics, oceanography and volcanology are examples of disciplines for which observatories have been constructed.

The term observatoire has been used in French since at least 1976 to denote any institution that compiles and presents data on a particular subject (such as public health observatory) or for a particular geographic area (European Audiovisual Observatory).
Michael F. Kresky Jr.
Michael F. Kresky Jr. (May 23, 1904 – August 22, 1978) was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate from 1937 to 1939.

Born in Marinette, Wisconsin, Kresky graduated from Georgetown University Law School in 1931 and then practiced law in Green Bay, Wisconsin. In 1940, he was candidate for the United States House of Representatives from Wisconsin's 8th congressional district, losing to incumbent Joshua L. Johns. He was a member of the Wisconsin Progressive Party.

Marinette, Wisconsin
Marinette is a city in Marinette County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 11,119 at the 2020 census. It is located on the south bank of the Menominee River at its mouth on Green Bay, part of Lake Michigan; to the north is Stephenson Island, part of the city preserved as a park.

Menominee, Michigan, is across the Menominee River to the north, and the cities are connected by three bridges. Menominee and Marinette are sometimes described as the "twin cities" of the Menominee River. Marinette is the principal city of the Marinette micropolitan area, which includes parts of Wisconsin and Michigan. During the lumbering boom of the late 19th century, Marinette became the tenth-largest city in Wisconsin, reaching a peak population of 16,195 in 1900.