hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nix v. Hedden
Nix v. Hedden, 149 U.S. 304 (1893), is a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States in which the Court unanimously held that tomatoes should be classified as vegetables rather than fruits for purposes of tariffs, imports and customs. Justice Horace Gray delivered the opinion of the Court in holding that the Tariff Act of 1883 used the ordinary meaning of the words "fruit" and "vegetable", instead of the technical botanical meaning.

Carrot
The carrot (Daucus carota subsp. sativus) is a root vegetable, typically orange in colour, though heirloom variants including purple, black, red, white, and yellow cultivars exist, all of which are domesticated forms of the wild carrot, Daucus carota, native to Europe and Southwestern Asia. The plant probably originated in Iran and was originally cultivated for its leaves and seeds.

The carrot is a biennial plant in the umbellifer family, Apiaceae. World production of carrots (combined with turnips) for 2022 was 42 million tonnes, led by China producing 44% of the total.

The characteristic orange colour is from beta-carotene, making carrots a rich source of  vitamin A. A myth that carrots help people to see in the dark was spread as propaganda in the Second World War, to account for the reason of British pilots' ability to fight in the dark; the real explanation was the introduction of radar.
Behind (song)
"Behind" is name of a 2008 Electronica/Dance single from the Italian Alternative/Electronica group Flanders. The group co-wrote and co-produced the track with producer/remixer Vincenzo Callea, which is their follow up to their 2007 debut single "By Your Side." In the United States, it is by date their best known single, where it spent 20 weeks on the Billboard Hot Dance Airplay chart, including a 2-week stay at number one in December 2008.

Behind was remixed by ATB for his 2009 album Future Memories. His version was the 3rd single released from that album.

ATB (DJ)
André Tanneberger (German pronunciation: [anˈdʁeː ˈtanəbɛʁɡɐ], [ãˈdʁeː]; born 26 February 1973), better known by his stage name ATB, is a German DJ and producer of trance music. According to the official world DJ rankings governed by DJ Magazine, ATB was ranked No. 11 in 2009 and 2010, and No. 15 in 2011. In 2011, he was ranked as world No. 1 according to "The DJ List". He is best known for his 1998 single "9 PM (Till I Come)", which was a No. 1 single in the United Kingdom. The song's hook would later be reworked into "Don't Stop!" in 1999 for his debut album, Movin' Melodies, becoming a hit in its own right.
Thorp Arch railway station
Thorp Arch railway station (before 12 June 1961 called Thorp Arch (Boston Spa)) was a station in the parish of Wetherby, West Yorkshire, on the Harrogate–Church Fenton line.  It opened on 10 August 1847 and served nearby Thorp Arch as well as Boston Spa. The station was closed to passengers on 6 January 1964 and was closed completely on 10 August 1964.

Rail directions
Rail directions are used to describe train directions on rail systems. The terms used may be derived from such sources as compass directions, altitude directions, or other directions. These directions are often specific to system, country, or region.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 79
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 79 (P. Oxy. 79) is a declaration of a death, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written between 181-192. Currently it is housed in the British Library (756) in London. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The letter contains a declaration from Cephalus, stating that his son Panechotes has died. It is addressed to the village scribe, Julius. The verso side of the sheet consists of 13 much corrected lines, written in a crude hand, consisting of moral advice and, without much context, describing a death and burial.  It is possible that it is a school composition.  The measurements of the fragment are 130 by 70 mm.

Bernard Pyne Grenfell
Bernard Pyne Grenfell FBA (16 December 1869 – 18 May 1926) was an English scientist and egyptologist. Excavations he did with Arthur Surridge Hunt uncovered manuscripts including the oldest Oxyrhynchus Papyri.
Turrentine Jones
Turrentine Jones were an English indie rock band formed in 2012 in Manchester, UK. The band consisted of Julian Neville (guitar/vocals), Joe Chilstone-Vause (bass) and Rich Watts (drums/backing vocals). They released one studio album: Our Days (2014) and one live album Live in York (2015) as well as two singles.

The band cited Booker T. & the MG's, The Mar-Keys and the Rolling Stones as influences.

The band were labelled a "Future Classic" and described as "infectious blues-rock" by national radio station, Real Radio XS and proclaimed by Hattie Pearson of XFM to be "one of Manchester’s finest exports in recent times".

All the music and lyrics for Turrentine Jones' songs were written by the band's frontman Julian Neville.

Turrentine Jones last performance was at Kendal Calling in July, 2016.

The Mar-Keys
The Mar-Keys, formed in 1958, were an American studio session band for Stax Records, in Memphis, Tennessee, in the 1960s. As the first house band for the label, their backing music formed the foundation for the early 1960s Stax sound.
Rosendo Domínguez
Rosendo Dominguez (born c. 1940) played in Mexico professionally in 1963, 1964 and 1968. He spent time in the Mexican Center League, the Mexican Southeast League and the Mexican League, the highest level of professional baseball in Mexico.

He managed the Mexican League's Ángeles de Puebla for part of the 1980 season, replacing Jorge Fitch.

Mexican Southeast League
The Mexican Southeast League was a short-season Class-A circuit in Minor league baseball which operated from 1964 through 1970. Throughout its existence, the MSL served as a farm system for the Class Triple-A Mexican League.
2016 Tour de Langkawi
The 2016 Tour de Langkawi was the 21st edition of an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Malaysia since 1996. The race was run at the highest category apart from those races which make up the UCI World Tour, and was rated by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) as a 2.HC (hors category) race as part of the UCI Asia Tour.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Barringer High School
Barringer Academy of the Arts & Humanities (formerly Barringer High School and Newark High School), is a four-year comprehensive public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades in Newark, in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Newark Public Schools. Some consider it to be the third oldest public high school in the United States. The school is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools until July 2031 and has been accredited since 1981.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,894 students and 110.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 17.2:1. There were 1,048 students (55.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 82 (4.3% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools
The Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools (also referred to as the Middle States Association or MSA) is an accreditor in the United States. Historically, it has accredited schools in the Mid-Atlantic states region of the Northeastern United States. The peer-based, Philadelphia-based non-profit association was founded in 1887. It is a voluntary organization that performs peer evaluation and regional accreditation of public and private schools (including parochial / religious-owned and independent secular schools).

The association has two commissions, the Middle States Commission on Elementary Schools (MSCES) and Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools (MSCSS). A higher education commission, the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE), operates completely independently of the other two commissions. MSCSS also accredits some institutions that offer postsecondary education but only those that do not confer academic degrees or offer technical programs.
TECO (text editor)
TECO (/ˈtiːkoʊ/), short for Text Editor & Corrector,

 is both a character-oriented text editor and a programming language, that was developed in 1962 for use on Digital Equipment Corporation computers, and has since become available on PCs and Unix. Dan Murphy developed TECO while a student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

According to Murphy, the initial acronym was Tape Editor and Corrector because "punched paper tape was the only medium for the storage of program source on our PDP-1. There was no hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic tape (magtape), or network." By the time TECO was made available for general use, the name had become "Text Editor and Corrector", since even the PDP-1 version
by then supported other media. It was subsequently modified by many other people and is a direct ancestor of Emacs, which was originally implemented in TECO macros.

VT100
The VT100 is a video terminal, introduced in August 1978 by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). It was one of the first terminals to support ANSI escape codes for cursor control and other tasks, and added a number of extended codes for special features like controlling the status lights on the keyboard. This led to rapid uptake of the ANSI standard, which became the de facto standard for hardware video terminals and later terminal emulators.

The VT100 series, especially the VT102, was extremely successful in the market, and made DEC the leading terminal vendor at the time. The VT100 series was replaced by the VT200 series starting in 1983, which proved equally successful. Ultimately, over six million terminals in the VT series were sold, based largely on the success of the VT100.
Fabián Pumar
Fabián Diego Pumar Bravo  (born 14 February 1976 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan football defender who played for Bella Vista, Fénix and Cerro of Uruguay; Racing Club de Avellaneda of Argentina and Universitario of Peru.

Centro Atlético Fénix
Centro Atlético Fénix is a Uruguayan sports club from Montevideo. The football team currently plays in Uruguayan Segunda División. Fénix is one of the most popular and traditional teams of Uruguay's 2nd Division, along with Racing Club de Montevideo, which is its all-time rival.
The King of Torts
The King of Torts (2003) is a legal/suspense novel written by American author John Grisham. Doubleday published the first edition (ISBN 0-385-50804-2) in hardcover format; it immediately debuted at #1 on The New York Times Best Seller list, remaining in the top 15 for over 20 weeks. Dell Publishing published the paperback edition later in 2003 (ISBN 0-440-24153-7). Penguin Random House released an audiobook version in 2007.

Legal fiction
A legal fiction is a construct used in law where, in order to facilitate a specific outcome, a position is taken to be true, even if such a position is not literally true. Legal fictions can be employed by the courts or found in legislation.

Legal fictions are different from legal presumptions which assume a certain state of facts until the opposite is proved, such as the presumption of legitimacy.

The term legal fiction is sometimes used in a pejorative way. Jeremy Bentham was a famous historical critic of legal fictions. Proponents of legal fictions, particularly of their use historically, identify legal fictions as "scaffolding around a building under construction".
Crucifixion in the Philippines
Crucifixion in the Philippines is a devotional practice held every Good Friday in imitation of the Crucifixion of Jesus. As part of the local observance of Holy Week, devotees or penitents called magdarame in Kapampangan willingly have themselves crucified to reenact Jesus Christ's suffering and death, while related practices include carrying wooden crosses, crawling on rough pavement, and self-flagellation. Penitents consider these acts to be mortification of the flesh, and undertake these to ask forgiveness for sins, to fulfil a panatà (Filipino, "vow"), or to express gratitude for favours granted. In the most famous case, Ruben Enaje drives four-inch nails into both hands and feet and then he is lifted on a wooden cross for around five minutes.

Paombong
Paombong ([pɐʔomˈbɔŋ] or [ˈpoːmbɔŋ]), officially the Municipality of Paombong (Tagalog: Bayan ng Paombong),    is a municipality in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 58,453 people.
SMU Mustangs track and field
The SMU Mustangs track and field team is the track and field program that represents Southern Methodist University. The Mustangs compete in NCAA Division I as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The team is based in University Park, Texas at the Washburne Soccer and Track Stadium.

The program is coached by 'A Havahla Haynes. The track and field program officially encompasses four teams because the NCAA considers men's and women's indoor track and field and outdoor track and field as separate sports.

The men's teams were cut in 2004 due to budget constraints and to comply with Title IX. The cut was controversial as the team returned the defending NCAA discus champion Hannes Hopley.

University Park, Texas
University Park is a city in Dallas County, Texas, United States, in suburban Dallas. The population was 25,278 at the 2020 census. The city is home to Southern Methodist University.

University Park is bordered on the north, east and west by Dallas and on the south by the town of Highland Park. University Park and Highland Park together comprise the Park Cities, an enclave of Dallas. University Park is one of the most affluent places in Texas based on per capita income; it is ranked #12. In 2018, data from the American Community Survey revealed that University Park was the second wealthiest city in the United States, with a median household income of $198,438 and a poverty rate of 4.2%.

Addresses in University Park may use either "Dallas, Texas" or "University Park, Texas" as the city designation, although the United States Postal Service prefers the use of the "Dallas, Texas" designation for the sake of simplicity. The same is true for mail sent to Highland Park.
Wilton Dean
Wilton Dean is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the Cala Burn, and close to the River Teviot.           
Along with Stirches and Burnfoot, Scottish Borders, Wilton Dean is now often considered to be a suburb of Hawick which is situated very close to the village.

Wilton Lodge Park is located in the village, which is a public park and location of the local Hawick Museum.

The area was part of Wilton parish.

Scottish Borders
The Scottish Borders (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba; Scots: The Mairches), often shortened to the Borders within Scotland, is one of the country's 32 council areas. It is bordered by West Lothian, Edinburgh, Midlothian, and East Lothian to the north, the North Sea to the east, Dumfries and Galloway to the south-west, South Lanarkshire to the west, and the English ceremonial counties of Cumbria and Northumberland to the south. The area's largest settlement is Galashiels; its administrative centre is Newtown St Boswells.

The term "Scottish Borders" is also used for the areas of southern Scotland and northern England that bound the Anglo-Scottish border, namely Dumfries and Galloway, Scottish Borders, Northumberland, and Cumbria. The council area occupies approximately the same area as the historic shires of Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire, and Selkirkshire.
Antoine Magnol
Antoine Magnol (1676 – 10 March 1759) was a French physician and botanist born in Montpellier, Languedoc. He was the son of the notable botanist Pierre Magnol (1638–1715).

In 1696 he obtained his medical doctorate, and in 1715 became a full professor at the University of Montpellier. Antoine Magnol maintained a professorship at Montpellier in an official capacity for many years.

Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (/ˌlɒ̃ɡ(ə)ˈdɒk/, French: [lɑ̃ɡ(ə)dɔk], locally [lãᵑɡəˈdɔk]; Occitan: Lengadòc [ˌleŋɡɔˈðɔ(k)]) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately 42,700 square kilometers (16,500 square miles).
Simona Stoyanova
Simona Stoyanova (Bulgarian: Симона Стоянова; born 28 March 2004) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Women's National Championship club FC Etar Veliko Tarnovo and the Bulgaria women's national team.

FC Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo
Professional Football Club Etar 1924 (Bulgarian: Професионален футболен клуб "Етър 1924"), commonly referred to as Etar 1924 Veliko Tarnovo, is a former Bulgarian professional football club based in Veliko Tarnovo. They were last competing in the 2012–13 season of the Bulgarian A Professional Football Group, the top tier of professional football in Bulgaria. The club replaced the old FC Etar (Veliko Tarnovo), which won the Bulgarian championship in 1991.

The club's home ground had been Ivaylo Stadium since 1958, and their main nicknames were the Bolyars and the Violets, the latter in reference to the colour of their home kit, which was often mistaken for purple.

The club folded following the end of the 2012–13 A PFG due to financial difficulties. Etar Veliko Tarnovo acquired the license of Botev Debelets and played in the Bulgarian V AFG in the 2013/14 season.
5th Brigade (Japan)
The 5th Brigade (Japanese: 第5旅団) is one of eight active brigades of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. The brigade is subordinated to the Northern Army and is headquartered in Obihiro, Hokkaidō. Its responsibility is the defense of North Eastern Hokkaidō.

The brigade was formed on 29 March 2004 with units from the disbanded 5th Infantry Division.

Northern Army (Japan)
The Northern Army  (北部方面隊, Hokubu Hōmentai) is one of five active Armies of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF). It is headquartered at Camp Sapporo in Sapporo, Hokkaidō and its responsibility is the defense of the island of Hokkaidō. It is the largest Army of the JGSDF as on Hokkaidō population and geographic constraints are less limiting than elsewhere in Japan. Most of JGSDF's modern Type 90 tank squadrons are located within the Northern Army's structure.
Tama Guruma
Tama Guruma (玉車) is a throwing technique described in The Canon of Judo as a reference technique and demonstrated by Kyuzo Mifune in the video, The Essence of Judo. This technique is unrecognised by the Kodokan; it is categorized as Yoko-sutemi (side sacrifice).  It is similar to Kata Guruma.

Kodokan Judo Institute
35°42′27″N 139°45′12″E﻿ / ﻿35.7076186°N 139.7534024°E﻿ / 35.7076186; 139.7534024

The Kodokan Judo Institute (公益財団法人講道館), or  Kōdōkan (講道館), is the headquarters of the worldwide judo community.  The kōdōkan was founded in 1882 by Kanō Jigorō, the founder of judo, and is now an eight-story building in Tokyo.
1907 Edmonton municipal election
The 1907 municipal election was held on December 9, 1907, for the purpose of electing a mayor and five aldermen to sit on the Edmonton City Council, Alberta, Canada as well as five public school trustees and six separate school trustees.  There were also four proposed bylaws put to a vote of the electorate concurrently with the election.

Wilfrid Gariépy
Wilfrid Gariepy (March 14, 1877 – January 13, 1960) was a Canadian politician, member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta and provincial cabinet minister, member of the House of Commons of Canada, and municipal councillor in Edmonton.
Dennis Jonsson
Dennis Jonsson (born 16 February 1983 in Gothenburg) is a Swedish football defender currently playing for Örgryte IS.

After playing for a local club, he joined IFK Göteborg in 1996. During his years for IFK Göteborg, he became a very popular player amongst the fans due to his love for the club. He also featured for the Swedish U-21 national team. His finest moment for the club came on his debut, when he scored against rivals AIK. When his contract expired after the 2006 season, he signed for the Norwegian club Raufoss IL. In 2008, he returned to Gothenburg but not to IFK Göteborg, instead he signed a two-year contract with IFK main rivals ÖIS.

Örgryte IS
Örgryte Idrottssällskap, commonly referred to as Örgryte IS, Örgryte (Swedish: [ˈœ̂ːrˌɡryːtɛ]) or (especially locally) ÖIS or Öis, is a Swedish sports club based in Gothenburg. It consists of four departments, namely bowling, football, athletics and wrestling. However, the club is best known for its football department. The club was founded in 1887 which makes it the oldest active sports club in the country.
Benedetto Accolti the Younger
Benedetto Accolti the younger (29 October 1497 – 21 September 1549) was an Italian cardinal. He was born in Florence, Italy, the son of Michele Accolti, patrician of Arezzo, and Lucrezia Alamanni. He died in Florence of an apoplexy. He was a nephew of Cardinal Pietro Accolti and therefore was known as Il Giovane or the Cardinal of Ravenna.

Bishop of Ravenna
This page is a list of Catholic bishops and archbishops of Ravenna and, from 1947 of the Archdiocese of Ravenna and Cervia, which in 1985 became styled the Archdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia. The earlier bishops were frequently tied to the Exarchate of Ravenna.
Scannerless parsing
In computer science, scannerless parsing (also called lexerless parsing) performs tokenization (breaking a stream of characters into words) and parsing (arranging the words into phrases) in a single step, rather than breaking it up into a pipeline of a lexer followed by a parser, executing concurrently. A language grammar is scannerless if it uses a single formalism to express both the lexical (word level) and phrase level structure of the language.

Dividing processing into a lexer followed by a parser is more modular; scannerless parsing is primarily used when a clear lexer–parser distinction is unneeded or unwanted. Examples of when this is appropriate include TeX, most wiki grammars, makefiles, simple application-specific scripting languages, and Raku.

Scripting language
In computing, a script is a relatively short and simple set of instructions that typically automate an otherwise manual process. The act of writing a script is called scripting. A scripting language or script language is a programming language that is used for scripting.

Originally, scripting was limited to automating shells in operating systems, and languages were relatively simple. Today, scripting is more pervasive and some scripting languages include modern features that allow them to be used to develop application software also.
Inverness and Richmond Railway
The Inverness and Richmond Railway was a railway that operated on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia from 1901 to the 1980s. It is now a rail trail for snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles, and human-powered transport called the Celtic Shores Coastal Trail.

Port Hawkesbury
Port Hawkesbury (Scottish Gaelic: Baile a' Chlamhain) is a municipality in southern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. While within the historical county of Inverness, it is not part of the Municipality of Inverness County.