hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hugh Macdonald (Australian politician)
Hugh Macdonald (c. 1850 – 18 October 1906) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

He was born at Duntulm in Scotland to Alexander Macdonald and Eliza Cartwright. He arrived in Australia in 1876 and worked on his uncle's station at Myall Creek. An early organiser of the Shearers Union, he was also elected an alderman at Coonamble several times. On 19 December 1898 he married Mary Davidson Hewitt, with whom he had a son. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1894 as the Labour member for Coonamble. He transferred to Castlereagh in 1904, but died in Sydney in 1906.

Duntulm
Duntulm (Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Thuilm) is a township situated on the northwest coast of the Trotternish peninsula on the Isle of Skye, and is made up of Shulista (North Duntulm) and South Duntulm. It is located on the single-track A855 road about 24 miles (39 km) north of Portree. The township is noted for its long fortified headland, which the ruins of Duntulm Castle presently sit.
Mercer County, Virginia
Mercer County, Virginia has existed twice in the U.S. state of Virginia's history. Formed in 1785, and 1837, respectively, both counties were named for Revolutionary War General Hugh Mercer, who was killed at the Battle of Princeton in 1777, and each was separated from Virginia due to the creation of a new state, partitioned in accordance with Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the United States Constitution. The two counties continued in existence as:

Mercer County, Kentucky, separated when Kentucky was admitted to the Union in 1792.

Mercer County, West Virginia, separated when West Virginia was admitted to the Union in 1863.

Hugh Mercer
Hugh Mercer (January 16, 1726 – January 12, 1777) was a Scottish brigadier general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He fought in the New York and New Jersey campaign and was mortally wounded at the Battle of Princeton.

Mercer was born in Pitsligo, Aberdeenshire, Scotland and studied medicine at the University of Aberdeen. He served as an assistant surgeon in Charles Edward Stuart's army during the Battle of Culloden in the Jacobite rising of 1745.

The uprising failed, and Mercer escaped to the Province of Pennsylvania where he lived in Greencastle, near Mercersburg, Pennsylvania and Fredericksburg, Virginia. He worked as a physician and established an apothecary. He served alongside George Washington in the provincial troops during the French and Indian War, and he and Washington became close friends.
Kōbusho
The Kōbusho (講武所; lit. 'military training center') was a Japanese military academy. Founded on 1854, It was set up in the final decades of the Edo period as part of Japan's defensive preparations in response to Western military coercion, and taught Western-style battlefield tactics such as artillery use alongside traditional Japanese martial arts. The academy was located in Misakichō, Tokyo. It closed in 1866, after only ten years in operation.

Gunboat diplomacy
Gunboat diplomacy is the pursuit of foreign policy objectives with the aid of conspicuous displays of naval power, implying or constituting a direct threat of warfare should terms not be agreeable to the superior force.

The term originated in the 19th century, during the age of imperialism, when Western powers, especially the United Kingdom, France, Germany and the United States would use their superior military capabilities, particularly their naval assets, to intimidate less powerful nations into granting concessions. The mere presence of warships off a country's coast was often enough to have a significant effect, making the actual use of force rarely necessary.
Churston Ferrers Grammar School
Churston Ferrers Grammar School (also known as CFGS) is a selective coeducational Grammar School with Academy status, situated in the village of Galmpton in Torbay, South Devon, England. It is also a specialist Humanities College. Year 7 annual intake is approximately 130 pupils.

Torbay
Torbay /tɔːrˈbeɪ/ is a unitary authority with a borough status in the ceremonial county of Devon, England. It is governed by Torbay Council, based in the town of Torquay, and also includes the towns of Paignton and Brixham. In 2021 it had a population of 139,324. The borough consists of 24.27 sq mi (62.9 km2) of land around the east-facing Tor Bay, part of Lyme Bay on the English Channel.  A popular tourist destination, Torbay's sandy beaches, mild climate and recreational and leisure attractions have given rise to its nickname of the English Riviera. The neighbouring districts are South Hams and Teignbridge.
Wilhelm Steenkamp
Wilhelm Steenkamp (born (1985-02-07)7 February 1985) is a South African rugby union footballer. He plays as a Lock. He formerly played for the Cheetahs, Sharks,  Bulls and the Australian Force all in Super Rugby. Later (in 2016–2017) he played for French rugby club Brive.

He is the older brother of former Stormers lock De Kock Steenkamp.

Brive-la-Gaillarde
Brive-la-Gaillarde (French pronunciation: [bʁiv la ɡajaʁd] ⓘ; Limousin dialect of Occitan: Briva la Galharda), commonly known as simply Brive, is a commune of France. It is a sub-prefecture and the largest city of the Corrèze department. It has around 46,000 inhabitants, while the population of the agglomeration was 75,579 in 2019.

Although it is by far the biggest commune in Corrèze, the capital is Tulle. In French popular culture, the town is associated with a song by Georges Brassens.
Casino da Madeira
Casino da Madeira (Casino of Madeira) is a casino located in Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, which is part of the hotel Pestana Casino Park. It was designed in 1966, but work did not begin until six years later, and it opened in 1976.

While popularly attributed to Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer, it was in fact co-designed by Viana de Lima, a Portuguese architect from Esposende. In a 2007 interview with Expresso, Niemeyer revealed that he did not actually consider it to be his own project at all, but rather de Lima's. Niemeyer claimed that while he had provided the initial designs, they were subsequently modified.

Funchal
Funchal (Portuguese pronunciation: [fũˈʃal] ⓘ), officially City of Funchal (Portuguese: Cidade do Funchal), is the capital, largest city and a municipality in Portugal's Autonomous Region of Madeira, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean. The city has a population of 105,795, making it the sixth largest city in Portugal. Because of its high cultural and historical value, Funchal is one of Portugal's main tourist attractions; it is also popular as a destination for New Year's Eve, and it is the leading Portuguese port on cruise liner dockings.
Olena Chekan
Olena Vasilivna Chekan (also Yelena Chekan, Ukrainian: Олeнa Вacилівнa Чeкaн, Polish: Helena Czekan, Serbian: Jelena Чекић; 26 April 1946, Kyiv, Soviet Union – 21 December 2013, Kyiv, Ukraine) was a Soviet and Ukrainian film actress, script writer and journalist.

Lina Kostenko
Lina Vasylivna Kostenko (Ukrainian: Ліна Василівна Костенко; born 19 March 1930) is a Ukrainian poet, journalist, writer, publisher, and former Soviet dissident. A founder and leading representative of the Sixtiers poetry movement, Kostenko has been described as one of Ukraine's foremost poets and credited with reviving Ukrainian-language lyric poetry.

Kostenko has been granted numerous honours, including an honorary professorship at Kyiv Mohyla Academy, honorary doctorates of Lviv and Chernivtsi Universities, the Shevchenko National Prize, and the Legion of Honour.
Wilhelm Zaisser
Wilhelm Zaisser (20 June 1893 – 3 March 1958) was a German communist politician and statesman who served as the founder and first Minister for State Security of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from 1950 to 1953.

A veteran of World War I, the Ruhr Uprising, and the Spanish Civil War, he was recruited by the Soviet Union as a GRU agent and served in that capacity for most of the 1920s and 1930s. He returned to Germany after the end of World War II and took part in the founding of the Socialist Unity Party (SED) and the GDR. Following the death of Joseph Stalin and the East German uprising of 1953, he opposed SED First Secretary Walter Ulbricht but lost the power struggle and was stripped of his positions.

Central committee
A central committee is a political-executive organ designated as the highest organ of a communist party between two congresses. Per the principles of democratic centralism, a central committee is empowered to deal with any issue that falls under the party's purview. While formally retaining this role in socialist states, commonly referred to as communist states by outside observers, in practice, it delegates this authority to numerous smaller internal organs due to the infrequency of its meetings.

The term of a central committee of a ruling communist party is usually five years. The party congress elects individuals to the central committee and holds it accountable. At the first central committee session held immediately after a congress, it elects the party leader, an office usually titled general secretary of the central committee, a political organ, commonly known as the politburo, and an executive organ, customarily named the secretariat.
Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ)
The Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ) is the first generation of the Jeep Grand Cherokee sport utility vehicle. Introduced in 1992 for the 1993 model year, development of the ZJ Grand Cherokee started under American Motors Corporation (AMC) as a mid-sized successor to the compact Jeep Cherokee (XJ) intended to replace both it and the aging Jeep Wagoneer (SJ) and was continued after the company was acquired by Chrysler in 1987.

Export models produced at the plant in Graz, Austria, were given the vehicle designation of "ZG".

Orvis
Orvis is an American family-owned retail and mail-order business which specializes in selling fly fishing, hunting and sporting goods. Founded in Manchester, Vermont, in 1856 by Charles F. Orvis to sell fishing tackle, it is the oldest mail-order retailer in the United States.

Orvis operates 40 retail stores and 1 outlet/warehouse locations in the US and 1 retail store and one outlet store in the UK. The firm produces flies and fly-tying tools, employing professional tyers like A.K. Best and Tom Rosenbauer to create new versions for sale. Owned by the Perkins family since 1965, the company has transferred ownership twice and has had five CEOs in its history.
Tran tran
"Tran tran" is a song by Italian rapper Sfera Ebbasta. It was released on 9 June 2017 through Universal Music Group as the lead single from the artist's second solo studio album Rockstar.

A remixed version of the track featuring Lary Over was included in the international edition of the album. The song topped the FIMI singles chart and was certified quintuple platinum in Italy.

Rockstar (Sfera Ebbasta album)
Rockstar is the second solo studio album by Italian rapper Sfera Ebbasta. The album was released by Def Jam Recordings on 19 January 2018. The album peaked at number one on the Italian Albums Chart and it stayed on top of the chart for four weeks. Rockstar received 35 million streams on its first week on Spotify, and Sfera Ebbasta was the first Italian artist to appear on the streaming platform's Top 100 global chart. All of its 11 tracks entered on the first twelve positions of the Italian Singles Chart simultaneously. A deluxe edition (titled Popstar Edition) was released on 30 November 2018.
Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout
In automotive design, an R4, or rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout places the engine at the rear of the vehicle, and drives all four roadwheels.

This layout is typically chosen to improve the traction or the handling of existing vehicle designs using the rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (RR).

The R4 layout is very rare, only having been used on a small number of production vehicles. Notable vehicles with this layout include several high-performance Porsche sports cars, including the 959, the 911 Turbo since the introduction of the turbocharged version of the 993 series in 1995, and the 911 Carrera 4 introduced with the 964 series in 1989.

Some Volkswagen Kübelwagen (the rear-engined beetle-based military vehicle used by Germany in World War II) variants were produced with 4-wheel or all-wheel drive, including the Type 86, Type 87, Type 98. Also, some Vanagons/Microbuses came in 4WD Syncro version.

Automobile handling
Automobile handling and vehicle handling are descriptions of the way a wheeled vehicle responds and reacts to the inputs of a driver, as well as how it moves along a track or road. It is commonly judged by how a vehicle performs particularly during cornering, acceleration, and braking as well as on the vehicle's directional stability when moving in steady state condition.

In the automotive industry, handling and braking are the major components of a vehicle's "active" safety. They also affect its ability to perform in auto racing. The maximum lateral acceleration is, along with braking, regarded as a vehicle’s road holding ability. Automobiles driven on public roads whose engineering requirements emphasize handling over comfort and passenger space are called  sports cars.
Dicționarul Limbii Române
Dicționarul Limbii Române ("The Romanian Language Dictionary"), abbreviated DLR, also called Thesaurus Dictionary of the Romanian Language, is the most important lexicographical work of the Romanian language, developed under the aegis of the Romanian Academy during more than a century. It was compiled and edited in two stages (known under the brand DA series during 1906–1944 and new series, DLR, from 1965 to 2010), in 37 volumes and contains about 175,000 words and variations, with more than 1,300,000 quotes. The development of electronic version was made in 2007–2010.

This dictionary by size and perspective lexicographical approach is similar to the major dictionaries of world lexicography: Oxford English Dictionary (OED), Trésor de la langue française, Deutsches Wörterbuch etc.

Romanian Academy
The Romanian Academy (Romanian: Academia Română [akadeˈmi.a roˈmɨnə]) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 active members who are elected for life.

According to its bylaws, the academy's main goals are the cultivation of Romanian language and Romanian literature, the study of the national history of Romania and research into major scientific domains. Some of the academy's fundamental projects are the Romanian language dictionary (Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române), the dictionary of Romanian literature, and the treatise on the history of the Romanian people.
Trucks (short story)
"Trucks" is a short story by Stephen King, first published in the June 1973 issue of Cavalier magazine, and later collected in King's 1978 collection Night Shift. The basic premise of "Trucks" was the basis for the film Maximum Overdrive.

Cavalier (magazine)
Cavalier is an American magazine launched by Fawcett Publications in 1952 and which ran for decades, eventually evolving into a Playboy-style men's magazine.

In its original format, Cavalier was planned by Fawcett to feature novelettes and novel excerpts by Fawcett's Gold Medal authors, including Richard Prather and Mickey Spillane.
Kac–Bernstein theorem
The Kac–Bernstein theorem is one of the first characterization theorems of mathematical statistics. If the random variables   and   are independent and normally distributed with the same variance, then their sum and difference are also independent. The Kac–Bernstein theorem states that the independence of the sum and difference of two independent random variables characterizes the normal distribution (the Gauss distribution). This theorem was proved independently by Polish-American mathematician Mark Kac and Soviet mathematician Sergei Bernstein.

Mark Kac
Mark Kac (/kɑːts/ KAHTS; Polish: Marek Kac; August 3, 1914 – October 26, 1984) was a Polish-American mathematician. His main interest was probability theory. His question, "Can one hear the shape of a drum?" set off research into spectral geometry, the idea of understanding the extent to which the spectrum allows one to read back the geometry. In the end, the answer was generally "No," although certain shapes, such as a circular drum, can be inferred from the spectrum of the Laplacian.
Emrah Kuş
Emrah Kuş (born 13 October 1988 in Çorum, Turkey) is a Turkish Greco-Roman wrestler. Competing for İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyespor, he is coached by Cengiz Papağan and Kemal Karadağ.

At the 17th Mediterranean Games held in Mersin, Turkey in 2013, he became gold medalist.
He won the bronze medal in the 74 kg division at the 2013 World Wrestling Championships.

In 2022, he won one of the bronze medals in the men's Greco-Roman 82 kg event at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games held in Konya, Turkey.

İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi GSK
İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyespor (Turkish: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Spor Kulübü) is a multi-sports club established 1979 in İzmir, Turkey by the city's metropolitan municipality (Turkish: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi). The club's colors are blue and white. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyespor is active in a total of 21 branches, including Paralympic and many Olympic sports. The men's handball team of the club plays in the Turkish Handball Super League, the women's team in the Turkish Women's Handball Super League and the wheelchair basketball team in the Turkish Wheelchair Basketball Super League successfully.
2022–23 Biathlon IBU Cup
The 2022–23 Biathlon IBU Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the IBU. It is the second-rank competition in biathlon after the Biathlon World Cup. The season started on 29 November 2022 in Idre Fjäll, Sweden and ended on 4 March 2023 in Canmore, Canada.

Erlend Bjøntegaard from Norway and Lou Jeanmonnot from France were the defending overall champions from the 2021–22 season.

Lou Jeanmonnot
Lou Jeanmonnot-Laurent (French pronunciation: [lu ʒɑ̃mɔno]; born 28 October 1998) is a French biathlete. Her World Cup debut was in 2021 at Nové Město. She won a gold medal at the 2024 Biathlon World Championships in relay.
Mady Villiers
Mady Kate Villiers (born 26 August 1998) is an English cricketer who plays for Essex, Sunrisers and Southern Brave as a right-arm off break bowler. In July 2019, she was named in England's squad for the Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) fixtures of the 2019 Women's Ashes series, making her WT20I debut for England against Australia on 31 July 2019.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
1995 Brighton International
The 1995 Brighton International was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Brighton Centre in Brighton, England that was part of the Tier II of the 1995 WTA Tour. It was the 18th, and last, edition of the tournament and was held from 17 October until 22 October 1995. Fourth-seeded Mary Joe Fernández, who entered on a wildcard, won the singles title at the event and earned $79,000 first-prize money.

Brighton Centre
Brighton Centre is a conference and exhibition centre located in Brighton, England. It is the largest of its kind in southern England, and is regularly used for conferences of the UK political parties and other bodies of national importance. The venue has the capacity to accommodate up to 5,000 delegates, although rooms in the building can be used for weddings and banquets.

It has also been used as a live music venue since it was opened by James Callaghan on 19 September 1977. It was designed in a Brutalist style by architects Russell Diplock & Associates, who made extensive use of textured concrete. The venue is situated in the centre of Brighton on the sea front and is within 200 metres of major hotels. In 2004, it was estimated that the centre generated £50 million in revenue for Brighton.
Heathcliff (1984 TV series)
Heathcliff (a.k.a. Heathcliff and the Catillac Cats, known as Les Entrechats in French) is a children's animated television series that debuted on September 3, 1984. Produced by DIC Audiovisuel (and later DIC Enterprises), it was the second animated series based on the Heathcliff comic strip (after Ruby-Spears' Heathcliff from 1980). 65 half-hour episodes aired in first-run syndication in the fall of 1984, followed by a second season of 21 episodes in 1985.  The show continued to air in syndication until 1988. The Catillac Cats characters (identified in the end credits as Cats and Co.) were created by Jean Chalopin and Bruno Bianchi.

Mel Blanc, who provided the voice of Heathcliff in the Ruby-Spears series, reprised his role as the titular cat.

Ruby-Spears
Ruby-Spears Enterprises (also known as Ruby-Spears Productions) was an American entertainment production company founded by veteran writers and the creators of Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!, Joe Ruby and Ken Spears, in 1977, before closing in 1996. Specialized in animation, it was headquartered in Burbank, California, with another branch in Rome, Italy.
1990 U.S. Women's Hardcourt Championships – Doubles
Katrina Adams and Pam Shriver were the defending champions, but none competed this year.

Kathy Jordan and Elizabeth Smylie won the title by defeating Gigi Fernández and Robin White 7–5, 7–5 in the final.

Katrina Adams
Katrina M. Adams (born August 5, 1968) is an American tennis executive and former professional tennis player from Chicago. She was president and CEO of the United States Tennis Association and chair of the US Open, as well as the chair of the International Tennis Federation Fed Cup and Gender Equality in Tennis committees. As a player, Adams was a doubles specialist, reaching the quarterfinal stage or better at all four Grand Slams as well as achieving a career-high doubles ranking of no. 8 (August 1989). Her book, Own the Arena: Getting Ahead, Making a Difference, and Succeeding as the Only One was published in 2021.
1972 French Open – Women's doubles
The women's doubles tournament at the 1972 French Open was held from 22 May to 4 June 1972 on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The fourth-seeded team of Billie Jean King and Betty Stöve won the title, defeating the unseeded pair of Winnie Shaw and Nell Truman in the final in straight sets.

Betty Stöve
Betty Flippina Stöve (born 24 June 1945) is a Dutch former professional tennis player. She is best known for reaching the ladies' singles final, the ladies' doubles final and the mixed doubles final during the same year at Wimbledon in 1977. She also won ten Grand Slam titles in women's doubles and mixed doubles.