hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Darbazi (State Council)
The Darbazi (Georgian: დარბაზი) was the medieval Georgian council of state, introduced by king David IV of Georgia (c. 1073–1125) as part of his government reforms. It functioned as a council of representatives from Didebulis (high aristocracy) and from the church hierarchy. The council was non-mandatory in the decision of major questions of government and the king could, at his discretion, take the will of the "darbazi" into consideration. The rights and obligations of the Darbazi were significantly widened after an insurrection by Qutlu Arslan and his faction. It was the result of a social struggle that marked a further step in the advancement of Georgian society, however some historians believe that this extensions of the rights of the "Darbazi" was a victory for the "Didebulis". Some other historians believe that in addition to members of the higher secular and ecclesiastical nobility, the "Darbazi" included representatives of the merchant-class.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Bakrani Tehsil
Bakrani Tehsil (Sindhi: تعلقو باڪراڻي) is a newly created Tehsil of Larkana. It is situated in the south of Larkana city between tehsil Larkana and taluka Dokri.  Main villages of the Taluka are: Bakrani, Arija, Hyder Brohi Gul Muhammad Tunio, Ganja Tunia, Village Butta Kalhora, Goth Pathan, Goth Ghulam Nabi Khan Jatoi, Farid Abad, Gerilo, Goth Mehrab Kalhoro, Village Fazul Kalhoro, Village Chutto Kalhoro, Village ghazi Mashori,village Ramzan Kalhoro, Mehrabpur Jatoi, Bakho Dero, Chatto Wahan Mad Bahu. Main crops and vegetables grown in the taluka are: rice, wheat, cauliflower, spinach, onion, turnip etc.  Agricultural land is irrigated by Rice and Dadu canals.  Taluka has number of rice and wood mills and ice factories.
Its postal code is 77110.

Arija
Arija is a small town and municipality in the province of Burgos, located to the north of the provincial capital Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile-Leon, Spain. The town's history dates back more than thousand years. Is divided into 'neighborhood above' and 'neighborhood below' or 'Vilga'. It consisted of the Santa Gadea de Alfoz.

The recent history of Arija is linked to the factory of Cristalería Española S.A., that in 1906 settled in the lands of Arija. A French company of the Saint-Gobain Emporium, founded in 1665 by royal privilege of Luis XIV, was specialized in the manufacture of flat glass. This town is now situated on de artificial lake of "Embalso del Ebro" when the Ebro river was dammed.
Rick Falkvinge
Rickard Falkvinge (born Dick Greger Augustsson, 21 January 1972) is a Swedish politician and the founder of the Pirate Party, which he led until 2011.

In 2005, he began developing a political party focused on illegal file sharing, copyright, and patent reform, which went on to elect members to the European Parliament in 2009 and helped inspire a global network of Pirate‑style parties, after which he became an advocate for digital rights and privacy.

Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy is an American news publication founded in 1970 focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy. It produces content daily on its website and app, and in four print issues annually.

Foreign Policy magazine and ForeignPolicy.com are published by The FP Group, a division of Graham Holdings Company (formerly The Washington Post Company). The FP Group also produces FP Events, Foreign Policy's events division, launched in 2012.
2021 Doha Diamond League
The 2021 Doha Diamond League was the 23rd edition of the annual outdoor track and field meeting in Doha, Qatar. Held on 28 May at the Suheim bin Hamad Stadium, it was the second leg of the 2021 Diamond League – the highest level international track and field circuit.

The meeting was highlighted by Faith Kipyegon's 1:58.26 victory in the 800 metres, done in an unusual negative split of 60.8 seconds for the first lap followed by 57.4 seconds for the final lap.

Suheim bin Hamad Stadium
The Suheim bin Hamad Stadium (Arabic: ملعب سحيم بن حمد), also known as Qatar SC Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Doha, Qatar. Currently used mostly for football matches, it is home of the football team Qatar Sports Club.
William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie
William James Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie, KP, PC, PC (Ire) (31 May 1847 – 7 June 1924) was a leading British shipbuilder and businessman. He was chairman of Harland & Wolff, shipbuilders, between 1895 and 1924, and also served as Lord Mayor of Belfast between 1896 and 1898. He was ennobled as Baron Pirrie in 1906, appointed a Knight of the Order of St Patrick in 1908 and made Viscount Pirrie in 1921. In the months leading up to the 1912 Sinking of the Titanic, Lord Pirrie was questioned about the number of life boats aboard the Olympic-class ocean liners. He responded that the great ships were unsinkable and the rafts were to save others. This would haunt him forever. In Belfast he was, on other grounds, already a controversial figure: a Protestant employer associated as a leading Liberal with a policy of Home Rule for Ireland.

Protestantism in Ireland
Protestantism is a Christian community on the island of Ireland. In the 2011 census of Northern Ireland, 48% (883,768) described themselves as Protestant, which was a decline of approximately 5% from the 2001 census. In the 2011 census of the Republic of Ireland, 4.27% of the population described themselves as Protestant. In the Republic, Protestantism was the second largest religious grouping until the 2002 census in which they were exceeded by those who chose "No Religion". Some forms of Protestantism existed in Ireland in the early 16th century before the English Reformation, but demographically speaking, these were very insignificant and the real influx of Protestantism began only with the spread of the English Reformation to Ireland. The Church of Ireland was established by King Henry VIII of England, who had himself proclaimed as King of Ireland.
Bernart de Tot-lo-mon
Bernart de Tot-lo-mon was a troubadour and jongleur, probably active at the court of Count Henry II of Rodez (1274–1304). His nickname means "of all-the-world"; according to Alfred Jeanroy, he was probably from Bruniquel in the Quercy.

Three pieces by Bernart have survived. "Be m'agrada.l temps de pascor" is a cross between a canso d'amors and a sirventes. Its final stanza is a moral condemnation of worldly decadence, but the tone of the whole is unfailingly courtly. The text of this piece is poorly preserved, and the penultimate stanza is almost entirely lost. "Lo plazers qu'als plazens plai" is a plazer (or, according to István Frank, a sirventes). It is dedicated to Count Bernard VI of Comminges (r. 1241–1295) and Count Bernard III of Astarac (r. 1249–1291). "Mals fregz s'es els rics crois mes" is another sirventes with courtly characteristics. Its metre is borrowed from "Be volgra midons saubes" by Arnaut Plagues.

Bruniquel
Bruniquel (French pronunciation: [bʁynikɛl]; Languedocien: Borniquèl) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in Southern France. It is in the Quercy natural region, on the departmental border with Tarn. The commune is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) association.
Weijers
Weijers is a Dutch surname. Its origin may be patronymic (son of "Weijer", a now rare given name related to Wichard), toponymic (from wijer, modern Dutch vijver, meaning "pond"), or occupational (related to modern Dutch weiden, i.e. to let graze, for a shepherd). Variant forms are Waijers, Weijer, Weyers, Wijers and Wyers. People with the surname include:

Bibiane Weijers (born 1988), Dutch tennis player

Niña Weijers (born 1987), Dutch writer and journalist

Robin Paul Weijers (born 1964), Dutch organiser of domino projects

Wijers

Clemens Wijers (born 1983), Dutch heavy metal keyboardist and songwriter

Hans Wijers (born 1951), Dutch executive and Minister of Economic Affairs 1994–98

Louwrien Wijers (born 1941), Dutch contemporary artist and writer

Hans Wijers
Gerardus Johannes "Hans" Wijers (born 11 January 1951) is a Dutch retired politician and businessman who served as Minister of Economic Affairs from 1994 to 1998 under Prime Minister Wim Kok. A member of the Democrats 66 (D66) party, he has been the chairman of the supervisory board of ING Group since 2018.
Gmina Baranowo
Gmina Baranowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Baranowo, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Ostrołęka and 109 km (68 mi) north of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 198.19 square kilometres (76.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,754 (6,848 in 2011).

Ostrołęka
Ostrołęka (Polish: [ɔstrɔˈwɛŋka] ⓘ; Yiddish: אסטראלענקע, romanized: Ostrolenka) is a small city in northeastern Poland on the Narew river, about 120 km (75 mi) northeast of Warsaw, with a population of 51,012 (2021) and an area of 33.46 square kilometres (12.92 sq mi). It is the capital of both Ostrołęka County and Ostrołęka City County in the Masovian Voivodeship.

Ostrołęka was founded as a medieval stronghold that grew into an important royal city in northern Mazovia, which prospered from crafts and trade. The city was the site of several battles and skirmishes throughout history. Ostrołęka is a local railroad junction with four lines stemming from Ostrołęka railway station: eastwards to Łapy and Białystok, southwestwards to Tłuszcz and Warsaw, northwards to Wielbark and Olsztyn, and southwards to Małkinia Górna. Ostrołęka is a local centre of culture and light industry. The Ostrołęka Power Station is located in Ostrołęka.
Tomi Källarsson
Tomi Källarsson (born March 15, 1979) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey defenceman.  He played in the SM-liiga for HPK, Ilves, Blues and JYP and also played in the Swedish Elitserien for Timrå IK. He was drafted 93rd overall by the New York Rangers in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft.

1997 NHL entry draft
The 1997 NHL entry draft was the 35th NHL entry draft. It was held at the Civic Arena in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on June 21, 1997.

The last active player from the 1997 draft class was Joe Thornton, who played his last NHL game in the 2021–22 season.
Ladoke Akintola
Chief Samuel Ládòkè Akíntọ́lá (Listenⓘ) otherwise known as S.L.A. (6 July 1910 – 15 January 1966) was a Nigerian politician, aristocrat, orator, and lawyer.  He served as Oloye Aare Ona Kakanfo XIII of Yorubaland and served as premier of Western Nigeria from independence in 1960 until his assassination in 1966.

Oyo Empire
The Oyo Empire was a Yoruba empire in West Africa. It was located in present-day western Nigeria (including the South West zone, Benin Republic, and the western half of the North Central zone). The empire grew to become the largest Yoruba-speaking state through the organizational and administrative efforts of the Yoruba people, trade, as well as the military use of cavalry. The Oyo Empire was one of the most politically important states in Western Africa from the late-16th to the early 18th century and held sway not only over most of the other kingdoms in Yorubaland, but also over nearby African states, notably the Fon Kingdom of Dahomey in the modern Republic of Benin on its west.
Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia
Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia is a postulated mental disorder categorized by the presence of two or more symptoms of mental illness such as anxiety, hysteria, and phobic or obsessive-compulsive neuroses. It is often acknowledged as a personality disorder. Patients generally display salient anxiety symptoms that disguise an underlying psychotic disorder.

In the 1940s, psychiatrists Paul Hoch and Philip Polatin created the term pseudoneurotic schizophrenia. This mental illness, however, is no longer acknowledged as a clinical entity. In 1972 it went on to be called borderline personality disorder, a term coined by Otto Friedmann Kernberg, which referred to an expansive range of issues.

Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia is in the Russian adapted version of the ICD-10 (code F21.3). It is also in ICD-10 listed as a schizotypal disorder.

Otto F. Kernberg
Otto Friedmann Kernberg (Austrian German: [ˈkɛrnbɛrg]; born 10 September 1928) is an Austrian-born American psychoanalyst and professor of psychiatry at Weill Cornell Medicine, known for developing transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP). He is recognized internationally for his contributions to the psychoanalytic theories on borderline personality organization and narcissistic pathology.
S-65 Stalinets
The S-65 tractor or Stalinets S-65 was an agricultural tractor built by the Chelyabinsk Tractor Factory (Chelyabinskii Traktornyi Zavod – ChTZ) from 1937 until 1941. These tractors were used in military service as they were widely available and capable of towing heavy guns.

Tractor
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or construction.  Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage, and now many more. Agricultural implements may be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and the tractor may also provide a source of power if the implement is mechanised.
Sydney Woods (politician)
Sydney Woods (September 13, 1853 – after 1895) was a merchant and politician in Newfoundland. He represented Bay de Verde in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1894 to 1895 as a Liberal.

He was born in St. John's and was educated at the General Protestant Academy there. He began work with his father's firm and later worked as a bookkeeper in several firms. In 1885, he established his own hardware business. His store was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1892 but he resumed business soon afterwards in a new premises. Woods was a prominent Methodist and served as president of the Methodist Academic Literary Institute. He was elected to the Newfoundland assembly in an 1894 by-election held after his brother Henry J. B. Woods was unseated. He resigned his seat in 1895 to allow his brother to run for reelection.

Woods married Emma Burns, who was originally from Nova Scotia.

Newfoundland Colony
Newfoundland was an English, and later British, colony established in 1610 on the island of Newfoundland. That followed decades of sporadic English settlement on the island, which was at first only seasonal. Newfoundland was made a Crown colony in 1824 and a dominion in 1907. Its economy collapsed during the Great Depression. On 16 February 1934, the Newfoundland legislature agreed to the creation of a six-member Commission of Government to govern the country. In 1949, the country voted to join Canada as the province of Newfoundland.
Eric Nyberg
Eric Nyberg is a professor in the Language Technologies Institute of the School of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. He is the director for the Master of Computational Data Science (formerly known as the M.S. in Very Large Information Systems).

Nyberg has made significant research contributions to the fields of automatic text translation, information retrieval, and automatic question answering. He received his Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University (1992), and his B.A. from Boston University (1983). He has pioneered the Open Advancement of Question Answering, an architecture and methodology for accelerating collaborative research in automatic question answering.

In 2011, Nyberg received the Allen Newell Award for Research Excellence for his scientific contributions to the field of question answering and his work on the Watson project. He received the BU Computer Science Distinguished Alumna/Alumnus Award on September 27, 2013.

Information retrieval
Information retrieval (IR) in computing and information science is the task of identifying and retrieving information system resources that are relevant to an information need. The information need can be specified in the form of a search query. In the case of document retrieval, queries can be based on full-text or other content-based indexing. Information retrieval is the science of searching for information in a document, searching for documents themselves, and also searching for the metadata that describes data, and for databases of texts, images, or sounds. Cross-modal retrieval implies retrieval across modalities.

Automated information retrieval systems are used to reduce what has been called information overload. An IR system is a software system that provides access to books, journals, and other documents, as well as storing and managing those documents. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications.
Sawsi
Sawsi (Quechua for willow or a species of willows, Hispanicized spelling Sauce) is a 4,942-metre-high (16,214 ft) mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, on the border of the districts of Chachas and Orcopampa. Sawsi lies at a lake named Machuqucha.

Machucocha
Machucocha (possibly from Quechua machu old, old person, qucha lake) is a lake in Peru located in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, in the districts of Chachas and Orcopampa. It is situated at a height of about 4,659 m (15,285 ft), about 6.77 km long and 1.89 km at its widest point. Machucocha lies southeast of Huajrahuire and northwest of  Pillune.
Mandi Bahauddin District
Mandi Bahauddin (Punjabi and Urdu: ضلع منڈی بہاء الدین) is a district in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

Located in central Punjab, the district is bordered on the northwest by the Jhelum River, on the southeast by the Chenab River (which separates it from Gujranwala and Gujrat districts), and on the southwest by Sargodha District. The district has an area of 2,673 square kilometres (1,032 sq mi). Mandi district currently has a population of 1.5 million people, according to the 2023 census. In 1998, it had a population of 1.16 million people.

Chenab River
The Chenab River is a major river in India and Pakistan, and one of the five major rivers associated with the Punjab region. It is formed by the union of two headwaters, the Chandra and Bhaga, which rise in the upper Himalayas in the Lahaul region of Himachal Pradesh, India. The Chenab then flows through the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir, India, into the plains of Punjab, Pakistan, where it joins the Sutlej River to form the Panjnad, which ultimately flows into the Indus River at Mithankot.

The waters of the Chenab were allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty. India is allowed non-consumptive uses such as power generation. The Chenab River is extensively used in Pakistan for irrigation. Its waters are also transferred to the channel of the Ravi River via numerous link canals.
Isabelo Tampinco
Isabelo Tampinco y Lacandola (born November 19, 1850 – January 30, 1933; born in Binondo in Tondo province), was a Filipino sculptor on Classical and Art Nouveau techniques and was trained in Escuela de Artes y Oficio de Manila. Out of a desire to create a uniquely Filipino style, he incorporated native flora and fauna designs in his sinuous openwork and Art Nouveau whiplash outlines style of woodcarving and named it Estilo Tampinco or Tampinco Style. Known for his work the busto de madera which was used in Centennial Exposition 1876 in Philadelphia representing the Philippines. He was then commissioned to create the Corinthian capitals for the Manila Cathedral which was then under construction after the Manila Earthquake 1852. He is still currently not recognized as a National Artist by the government.

Manila (province)
Manila, also known as Tondo until 1859, was a province of the Captaincy General of the Philippines that encompassed former pre-Hispanic polities of Tondo, Maynila, and Namayan. In 1898, it comprised the city of Manila (primarily referring to present-day Intramuros) and 23 other municipalities. In 1901, the province was dissolved, with the city of Manila absorbing five of its smaller neighboring municipalities. The remaining part was merged with the adjacent district of Morong to form the province of Rizal.
Kurmysh
Kurmysh (Russian: Курмыш) is a rural locality (a selo) in Pilninsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is located over 100 kilometres (62 mi) east of Nizhny Novgorod. Population: 1,037 (2010 census); 1,291 (2002 census).

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Нижегородская область, romanized: Nizhegorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,119,115 as of the 2021 Census. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky Oblast (Russian: Горьковская область).

The oblast is crossed by the Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area (including Dzerzhinsk, Bor and Kstovo) the biggest city is Arzamas. Near the town of Sarov there is the Serafimo-Diveyevsky Monastery, one of the largest convents in Russia, established by Saint Seraphim of Sarov. The Makaryev Monastery opposite of the town of Lyskovo used to be the location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include Gorodets and Balakhna, located on the Volga to the north from Nizhny Novgorod.
Bleak Night
Bleak Night (Korean: 파수꾼; RR: Pasukkun; lit. 'The Lookout') is a 2010 South Korean coming-of-age drama film written and directed by Yoon Sung-hyun. The film is about a father's search for answers following his son's death, and the shifting dynamics at play among three high-school friends. A Korean Academy of Film Arts graduation project by Yoon Sung-hyun, it received rave reviews and won several Best New Actor awards for Lee Je-hoon, as well as Best New Director for Yoon at the Grand Bell Awards and Busan Film Critics Awards.

Grand Bell Awards
The Grand Bell Awards (Korean: 대종상 영화제; RR: Daejongsang yeonghwaje), also known as the Daejong Film Awards, are annual awards presented for excellence in film in South Korea. The Grand Bell Awards retains prestige as the oldest continuous film awards held in South Korea, and has been called the Korean equivalent of the American Academy Awards.

Since 2025, the trademark of the Grand Bell Awards officially belong to the Korea Film Planning Producers Association.
Bibron's thick-toed gecko
Chondrodactylus bibronii, commonly known as Bibron's thick-toed gecko, Bibron's sand gecko, or simply Bibron's gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is native to southern Africa. C. bibronii has been used as an animal model in bioastronautic research examining the effects of spaceflight on the morphology and physiology of vertebrates.

Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae (the common geckos) is the largest family of geckos, containing over 950 described species in 62 genera. The Gekkonidae contain many of the most widespread gecko species, including house geckos (Hemidactylus), the tokay gecko (Gekko), day geckos (Phelsuma), the  mourning gecko (Lepidodactylus), and dtellas (Gehyra). Gekkonid geckos occur globally and are particularly diverse in tropical areas. Many species of these geckos exhibit an adhering ability to surfaces through Van der Waals forces utilizing intermolecular forces between molecules of their setae (foot hair) and molecules of the surface they are on.

The genus Hemidactylus is one of the most species-rich and widely distributed of all reptile genera.