hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Utility functions on divisible goods
This page compares the properties of several typical utility functions of divisible goods. These functions are commonly used as examples in consumer theory.

The functions are ordinal utility functions, which means that their properties are invariant under positive monotone transformation. For example, the Cobb–Douglas function could also be written as: . Such functions only become interesting when there are two or more goods (with a single good, all monotonically increasing functions are ordinally equivalent).

The utility functions are exemplified for two goods,  and .  and  are their prices.  and  are constant positive parameters and  is another constant parameter.  is a utility function of a single commodity ().  is the total income (wealth) of the consumer.

Monotonic function
In mathematics, a monotonic function (or monotone function) is a function between ordered sets that preserves or reverses the given order. This concept first arose in calculus, and was later generalized to the more abstract setting of order theory.
Zeytinburnu (Istanbul Metro)
Zeytinburnu is a rapid transit station on the M1 line of the Istanbul Metro. Even though it is named Zeytinburnu, the station is not located within Zeytinburnu district borders but within Bakırköy district borders close to Zeytinburnu. It was opened on 31 January 1994 as part of the Otogar-Zeytinburnu extension and is one of the five stations of this extension.

Bakırköy
Bakırköy is a municipality and district in the European part of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 29 km2, and its population is 226,685 (2022). Bakırköy lies between the D.100 highway (locally known as E-5) and the coast of the Sea of Marmara. Bakırköy houses a large psychiatric hospital, and is an important shopping and commercial center.
& (The Moth & The Flame EP)
& (stylized with the character ⅋; sometimes written Ampersand) is an EP and the debut major-label recording by rock group The Moth & The Flame, released digitally on November 5, 2013, internationally.  It was produced by drummer/producer Joey Waronker (Beck, Atoms for Peace, R.E.M.) and mixed by Peter Katis (The National, Interpol).  All songs were written by The Moth & The Flame.  To promote the EP, the group toured Europe supporting Imagine Dragons during the fall and winter of 2013.

Joey Waronker
Jon Joseph Waronker (born 1968 or 1969) is an American drummer who has performed with acts including Beck, R.E.M., Roger Waters, Liam Gallagher & John Squire and Oasis. He was a member of Walt Mink, Ima Robot and Atoms for Peace, and is currently a member of Ultraísta.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate.

The Southern Nigeria Protectorate was a British protectorate in the coastal areas of modern-day Nigeria, formed in 1900 from a union of the Niger Coast Protectorate with territories chartered by the Royal Niger Company below Lokoja on the Niger River. The Lagos Colony was added in 1906, and the territory was officially renamed the Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria. In 1914, Southern Nigeria was joined with Northern Nigeria to form the single colony of Nigeria.

Northern Nigeria Protectorate
Northern Nigeria (Hausa: Arewacin Najeriya) was a British protectorate which lasted from 1900 until 1914, and covered the northern part of what is now Nigeria.

The protectorate spanned 660,000 square kilometres (255,000 sq mi) and included the emirates of the Sokoto Caliphate and parts of the former Bornu Empire, conquered in 1902. The first High Commissioner of the protectorate was Frederick Lugard, who suppressed slavery and tribal raiding and created a system of administration built around native authorities.

The Protectorate was ended on 1 January 1914, when its area was unified with the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and the Lagos Colony, becoming the Northern Province of the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria.
Coolum State High School
Coolum State High School is a coeducational public secondary school based in Coolum Beach in the Sunshine Coast Region of Queensland, Australia.

Since 2017, Coolum State High School's current role of Principal had been held by Troy Ascott. The school also consists of four Deputy Principals, fourteen Heads of Department, two Guidance Officers, one School Chaplain, one School-based Nurse and six Heads of Year.

Sunshine Coast Region
The Sunshine Coast Region is a local government area located in the Sunshine Coast region of South East Queensland, Australia, from which it takes its name.

It was created by the amalgamation in 2008 of the City of Caloundra and the Shires of Maroochy and Noosa. It contains 4,194 kilometres (2,606 mi) of roads, 211 kilometres (131 mi) of coastline and a population of 351,424 in January 2021. The budget for the 2020–2021 financial year totals A$782 million including $243 million for Capital Works.

On 1 January 2014, the Shire of Noosa was re-established independent of the Sunshine Coast Regional Council.

In the 2021 census, the Sunshine Coast Region had a population of 342,541 people.
2012 FBD Insurance League
The 2012 FBD Insurance League was an inter-county and colleges Gaelic football competition in the province of Connacht. As well as the five county teams and London, three colleges' teams competed: Institute of Technology, Sligo, NUI Galway and Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology (GMIT). Leitrim won for the second year in a row.

London GAA
The London County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) or London GAA is one of the county boards outside Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in London. The county board is also responsible for the London county teams and schools.

The county football team compete in the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship on an annual basis, the only English-based team to do so. They participate in the Connacht Senior Football Championship, as the Irish community in London is considered as part of the province of Connacht.

The county hurling team competed in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, but having been relegated during the preliminary group stage of the Leinster Championship in the 2014 season, the team currently plays in the third tier Christy Ring Cup.
Sinyavino
Sinyavino (Russian: Синявино) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Sinyavino, Leningrad Oblast, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Sinyavinskoye Settlement Municipal Formation in Kirovsky District of Leningrad Oblast; 59°55′N 31°04′E﻿ / ﻿59.917°N 31.067°E﻿ / 59.917; 31.067

Rural localities

Sinyavino, Yantarny, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the urban-type settlement of oblast significance of Yantarny in Kaliningrad Oblast

Sinyavino, Gusevsky District, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of district significance of Gusev in Gusevsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast

Sinyavino, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Medynsky District of Kaluga Oblast

Sinyavino, Tula Oblast, a selo in Prigorodny Rural Okrug of Plavsky District in Tula Oblast

Sinyavino, Leningrad Oblast
Sinyavino (Russian: Синя́вино) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kirovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located several kilometers inland from the southern shore of Lake Ladoga, 58 kilometers (36 mi) east of St. Petersburg and 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) east from Kirovsk. Municipally it is incorporated as Sinyavinskoye Urban Settlement, one of the eight urban settlements in the district. Population:  3,784 (2010 Census); 3,611 (2002 Census); 1,949 (1989 Soviet census).
2020 Mont Ventoux Dénivelé Challenge
The 2020 Mont Ventoux Dénivelé Challenge was the second edition of the Mont Ventoux Dénivelé Challenge road cycling one day race. It was held on 6 August as a category 1.1 event on the 2020 UCI Europe Tour.

The race, which started in Vaison-la-Romaine and finished at the summit of Mont Ventoux, was won by Aleksandr Vlasov of Astana, while defending champion Jesús Herrada of Cofidis finished in ninth.

Vaison-la-Romaine
Vaison-la-Romaine (French pronunciation: [vɛzɔ̃ la ʁɔmɛn]; Occitan: Vaison) is a town in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Vaison-la-Romaine is famous for its Roman ruins and mediaeval town and cathedral. It is also unusual in the way the ancient, medieval and modern towns, spanning 2,000 years of history, lie close together.

The old town is split into two parts: the "upper city" or Colline du Château on a hill on one side of the Ouvèze and, on the opposite bank, the "lower city" centred on the Colline de la Villasse.

With four theatres and numerous exhibitions and galleries, Vaison-la-Romaine is also renowned for its art scene. Many writers, painters and actors live in the area.
Kee Marcello's K2
Kee Marcello's K2 is a Swedish hard rock band that was originally the solo project of former Europe guitarist Kee Marcello. The other members were bassist Klatuu (later revealed as an alias for Kee Marcello) and former King Diamond drummer Snowy Shaw. The first album, Melon Demon Divine, was released on Frontier Records in 2004. From the first tour  Ken Sandin, former bass player of Alien and Transport League, joined the band 10 years ago. In 2009, drummer Mike Terrana (from  Rage, Yngwie Malmsteen and Tarja Turunen), and Marco Mendoza (from Thin Lizzy and Whitesnake) joined the band for their first European tour with this lineup. A new album is said to be released in the first quarter of 2010.

Marco Mendoza
Marco Mendoza (born 3 May 1963) is an American bass guitarist who has worked in diverse genres. He became a professional rock musician in 1989 and debuted on Black Sabbath drummer Bill Ward's solo album Along the Way. He has performed on a number of notable releases throughout his career, including Live... in the Still of the Night by Whitesnake, One Night Only by Thin Lizzy and Live in Concert at Lollapalooza by Journey.
Grant Larson
Grant Larson (June 2, 1933 – September 11, 2020) was an American politician who served in the Wyoming Senate from the 17th district from 1995 to 2011.

Larson was born in Provo, Utah and went to the University of Utah. Laron served in the United States Air Force. He was a business owner in Jackson, Wyoming. Larson served on the Teton County Commission. He died on September 11, 2020, in Jackson, Wyoming at age 87.

Provo, Utah
Provo (/ˈproʊ.voʊ/ PROH-voh) is a city in and the county seat of Utah County, Utah, United States. It is 43 miles (69 km) south of Salt Lake City along the Wasatch Front, and lies between the cities of Orem to the north and Springville to the south. With a population at the 2020 census of 115,162, Provo is the fourth-largest city in Utah and the principal city in the Provo-Orem metropolitan area, which had a population of 526,810 at the 2010 census. It is Utah's second-largest metropolitan area after Salt Lake City.

Provo is the home to Brigham Young University (BYU), a private higher education institution operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Provo also has the LDS Church's largest Missionary Training Center (MTC). The city is a focus area for technology development in Utah, with several billion-dollar startups. The city's Peaks Ice Arena was a venue for the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics in 2002.
Woo Sun-hee
Woo Sun-Hee (Korean: 우선희; Hanja: 禹仙姬; born 1 July 1978) is a former South Korean handball player.

In 2003, Woo competed in the IHF World Women's Handball Championship held in Croatia and led her team to the bronze medal. She was finally named to the All-Star team of the competition. At the 2004 Summer Olympics, she won the silver medal with the South Korean team. She played all seven matches and scored 37 goals.

After some years in Europe in the Romanian League, Woo Sun-Hee has returned to Korea where she played handball, until 2017.

Liga Națională (women's handball)
The Liga Națională  is a league of professional women's handball league teams in Romania. Run by the Romanian Handball Federation, the competition is also known as the Liga Florilor MOL and is contested by sixteen teams.

The National Handball League is Romania's top-level domestic women's handball-league club competition. The team with the most Liga Națională championships is SCM Râmnicu Vâlcea with twenty.

The FRH organization also oversees the Divizia A.

The European Handball Federation (EHF) ranks the Liga Națională 3rd in the coefficients of leagues based on performances in European competitions over the past seasons.
(S)-norcoclaurine synthase
The enzyme (S)-norcoclaurine synthase (EC 3.5.99.14) catalyzes the chemical reaction:

4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol (Dopamine)  (S)-norcoclaurine + H2O

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde hydro-lyase [adding dopamine (S)-norcoclaurine-forming]. Other names in common use include (S)-norlaudanosoline synthase, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde hydro-lyase (adding dopamine).  This enzyme participates in isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis.

Lyase
In biochemistry, a lyase is an enzyme that catalyzes the breaking (an elimination reaction) of various chemical bonds by means other than hydrolysis (a substitution reaction) and oxidation, often forming a new double bond or a new ring structure. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a Michael reaction). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:

ATP → cAMP + PPi

Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one substrate for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
Théodose du Moncel
Théodose Achille Louis Vicomte du Moncel or  Théodore du Moncel (6 March 1821 – 16 February 1884) was a prominent French physicist and advocate of the use of electricity. He invented many electrical devices and wrote several books. He was also a proficient artist, making high-quality prints of scientific and cultural interest.

He also worked as a popularizer of knowledge on electricity.

In 1879, he founded the journal La lumière électrique.

He is one of the founders of the Société Nationale des Sciences Naturelles et Mathématiques of Cherbourg and was a member of the French Academy of Sciences.

He was conseiller général of the Manche département (1861–1870) (Canton of Cherbourg-Octeville-Sud-Ouest).

Canton of Cherbourg-Octeville-Sud-Ouest
The Canton of Cherbourg-Octeville-Sud-Ouest in France was situated in the department of Manche and the region of Basse-Normandie. It had 19,161 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Cherbourg-Octeville was its seat.

The canton comprised the following communes:

Cherbourg-Octeville (partly)

Couville

Hardinvast

Martinvast

Saint-Martin-le-Gréard

Tollevast
Greatest Hits (Scarface album)
Greatest Hits is the first compilation album by American rapper Scarface. It was released on October 22, 2002 via Rap-A-Lot/Virgin Records. Composed of 17 previously released songs from his solo albums and a new song, it was produced by Scarface himself, N.O. Joe, Mike Dean, Tone Capone, John Bido, Kanye West, Leslie Brathwaite, Mr. Lee, and J Prince, who also served as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Devin the Dude, 2Pac, Beanie Sigel, Ice Cube, Jay-Z, Johnny P., Master P, Tela and Too $hort.

In the United States, the album peaked at number 40 on the Billboard 200 and number 10 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. Later the same year, a chopped and screwed remix version of the album was released entitled Greatest Hits Chopped Up, with slightly different track listing, edited by DJ Michael "5000" Watts.

In 2010, Rhapsody called it one of the best "coke rap" albums of all time.

N.O. Joe
Joseph Johnson (born March 31, 1975), known by his stage name N.O. Joe, is an American musician, hip hop record producer and songwriter. N.O. Joe was a pioneer of the Southern Hip Hop sound during the 1990s. He operates a production company named Gumbo Funk, which is also a name given to his melange of musical styles
Department of Municipalities and Housing (New Brunswick)
The Department of Municipalities and Housing was a part of the Government of New Brunswick.  It was charged with the planning and supervision of local government and the development and administration of programs in support of affordable housing and home ownership in New Brunswick. This department took over the functions of the former Department of Municipalities, Culture and Housing in 1998. In 2000, the department's functions were transferred to the new departments of Environment and Local Government and Family and Community Services.

Government of New Brunswick
The Government of New Brunswick (French: Gouvernement du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the provincial government of the province of New Brunswick.  Its powers and structure are set out in the Constitution Act, 1867.

The Province of New Brunswick has a unicameral legislature, the New Brunswick Legislature, consisting of the Lieutenant Governor and the Legislative Assembly, which operates in the framework of a Westminster-style parliamentary constitutional monarchy. The political party that, either by itself or in combination with another party supporting them, wins the largest number of seats in the legislature normally forms the Government with the party's leader becoming premier of the province, the head of government.
Phka Srapoun
Phka Srapoun (Khmer: ផ្កាស្រពោន, Phka Srâpoŭn [pʰkaː srɑpoːn]; lit. 'Wilted Flower') is a Khmer novel written by Nou Hach and published in 1949. Along with Kolab Pailin and Sophat, Phka Srapoun is considered one of the three classic novels of modern Khmer literature. The novel is set during the French colonial period of Cambodia. The story portrays the Cambodian tradition of arranged marriages.

Cambodian literature
Cambodian literature (Khmer: អក្សរសាស្ត្រខ្មែរ, Âksârsastr Khmêr [ʔaʔsɒːsah kʰmaɛ]), also Khmer literature, has a very ancient origin. Like most Southeast Asian national literatures its traditional corpus has two distinct aspects or levels:

The written literature, mostly restricted to the royal courts or the Buddhist monasteries.

The oral literature, which is based on local folklore. It is heavily influenced by Buddhism, the predominant religion, as well as by the Hindu epics Ramayana and Mahabharata.
Kōriyama Campaign
The Kōriyama Campaign (郡山合戦, Kōriyama Gassen) was a series of battles between February and July in 1588 between the Date clan and combined forces from the Ashina and Sōma clans over the areas around Kōriyama Castle and Kubota Castle in Adachi and Asaka Districts in Mutsu Province during the Ashikaga shogunate in Japan. Some accounts indicate it began following the invasion of territory belonging to the Tamura clan in April 1588 after turmoil caused by the death of Tamura Kiyoaki in 1586.

The conflicts were settled in July 1588, with the Date clan having an effective victory.

Adachi District, Fukushima
Adachi (安達郡, Adachi-gun) is a district located in Fukushima Prefecture, Tōhoku region, Japan. As of January 2007, the district has a population of 8,577 and an area of 79.46 km2, for a population density of 107.9 per km2. In older administrative divisions, it was located in the Iwashiro, Tōsandō.
2023 Premios Tu Música Urbano
The 4th Annual Premios Tu Música Urbano were held on June 15, 2023, at the José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum in San Juan, Puerto Rico, to recognize the best in urban music. The ceremony was broadcast by Telemundo and Telemundo Internacional, as well as streamed on YouTube.

The nominations were announced on May 2, 2023. Puerto Rican singer Rauw Alejandro led the nominations with twelve, followed by Feid with eleven, Bad Bunny with ten and Karol G with nine. Colombian singer Karol G received the most awards with six, including Artist of the Year.

Telemundo Internacional
Telemundo Internacional is a Latin American pay television network owned by NBCUniversal. Telemundo Internacional carries a variety of programs, consisting mainly of select programs from the Telemundo national schedule.
2005 Thailand Open – Doubles
The 2005 Thailand Open was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 3rd edition of the Thailand Open, and was part of the International Series of the 2005 ATP Tour. It took place at the Impact Arena in Bangkok, Thailand, from September 26 through October 2, 2005. Paul Hanley and Leander Paes won in the final 5–6(5–7), 6–1, 6–2, against Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram

Paul Hanley (tennis)
Paul Jason Hanley (born 12 November 1977) is a retired professional male tennis player from Australia, specialising in doubles and owning 26 ATP titles in this discipline.

He made the 2005 Wimbledon and 2011 Australian Open finals in mixed doubles, playing with Tatiana Perebiynis and Chan Yung-jan respectively, falling short on both occasions.  His best results came alongside Wayne Arthurs and Kevin Ullyett, with whom Hanley formed long-term doubles partnerships. Hanley has an 8–4 win–loss record on the Australian Davis Cup Team.  The Australian's highest doubles ranking was World Number 5.  His parents, Jay and Judy, co-own a tennis centre, which is one of the main reasons why Hanley pursued a career in the sport.
Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg
The Reichsgau Tyrol-Vorarlberg (German: Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg) was an administrative division of Nazi Germany consisting of Vorarlberg and North Tyrol (both in Austria). It existed from 1938 to 1945. It did not include East Tyrol (Lienz), which was instead part of Reichsgau Carinthia.

After the Italian Armistice with the Allies the Italian provinces of Belluno, South Tyrol and Trentino were placed under direct German control as the Operational Zone of the Alpine Foothills (Operationszone Alpenvorland, OZAV), which was de facto annexed and administered as part of Tyrol-Vorarlberg.

North Tyrol
North Tyrol, rarely North Tirol (German: Nordtirol), is the main part of the Austrian state Tyrol, located in the western part of the country. The other part of the state is East Tyrol, which also belongs to Austria but shares no border with North Tyrol.

Besides those two regions, the historical region of Tyrol for many centuries also included South Tyrol and the historical region of Welschtirol, which were annexed by Italy after World War I. With that, North Tyrol and East Tyrol were effectively cut off from each other. In the aftermath of World War I, there was a serious movement to unify North Tyrol with Bavaria.

North Tyrol borders Salzburg State in the east, the German state of Bavaria in the north, Vorarlberg to the west, the Swiss canton of Graubünden (Grison) to the southwest, and South Tyrol in Italy to the south. The state capital Innsbruck is located in North Tyrol.
Rich Duncan
Rich Duncan (born c. 1968) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Rhodes College, a position he has held since 2021. He was the head football coach for Aurora University from 2005 to 2011. He was the head baseball coach for the University of Wisconsin–Platteville from 1998 to 2000. He also coached for Manchester, UMass Lowell, Capital, Loras, and Berry. He played college football and baseball for Bethany (WV).

Capital University
Capital University (Capital, Cap, or CU) is a private university in Bexley, Ohio, United States. Capital was founded as the Theological Seminary of the Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Ohio in 1830 and later was associated with that synod's successor, the American Lutheran Church. The university has undergraduate and graduate programs, as well as a law school. Capital University is the oldest university in Central Ohio and is one of the oldest and largest Lutheran-affiliated universities in North America.