hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kenneth A. Bray
Kenneth Augustine Bray (May 26, 1879 – January 9, 1953) was an American Episcopal priest, teacher, sportsman and coach. He founded the athletic program for Iolani School from 1932 to 1953, establishing the "One Team" philosophy touted by many teachers, coaches and students at the school.

Athlete
An athlete is most commonly a person who competes in one or more sports involving physical strength, speed, power, or endurance. Sometimes the word "athlete" is used to refer specifically to sport of athletics competitors, i.e. including track and field and marathon runners but excluding e.g. swimmers, footballers or basketball players. However, in other contexts (mainly in the United States) it is used to refer to all athletics (physical culture) participants of any sport. For the latter definition, the word sportsperson or the gendered sportsman or sportswoman are also used. A third definition is also sometimes used, meaning anyone who is physically fit regardless of whether they compete in a sport.

Athletes may be professionals or amateurs. Most professional athletes have particularly well-developed physiques obtained by extensive physical training and strict exercise, accompanied by a strict dietary regimen.
Arthrosaura synaptolepis
Arthrosaura synaptolepis is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is found on granite mountains in tropical forests in Venezuela and Brazil. It is also known as Donneisy's Arthrosaura.

Gymnophthalmidae
Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known commonly as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called "spectacled" because of their transparent lower eyelids, which allow them to still see with closed eyes. As in most lizards, except geckos, these eyelids are movable. The Alopoglossidae have been recently moved from this family.
Sylleste Davis
Sylleste H. Davis (born October 12, 1961) is an American politician. She is a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from the 100th District, serving since 2016. She is a member of the Republican party.

Davis is Chair of the House Medical, Military, Public and Municipal Affairs Committee.

In 2024, Davis was among the state legislators appointed to serve on the Robert Smalls Monument Commission.

South Carolina House of Representatives
The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections.

Unlike many legislatures, seating on the floor is not divided by party, but is arranged by county delegation – a legacy of the original apportionment of the chamber. Until 1964, each of South Carolina's counties was a legislative district, with the number of representatives determined by the county's population. It meets from the second week of January into May.
Van Bohemen
van Bohemen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chahine van Bohemen (born 2004), Dutch-Moroccan footballer

Christina van Bohemen, New Zealand architect

Gerard van Bohemen, New Zealand judge

Christina van Bohemen
Christina van Bohemen is a New Zealand architect. In 2016 she was appointed president of the New Zealand Institute of Architects. She was the second female president in the 100 year history of the Institute. In 2020 she received the Chrystall Excellence Award at the Architecture + Women NZ Dulux Awards. Van Bohemen has been recognised by the New Zealand Institute of Architects as a Distinguished Fellow, an honour given to only ten people at any one time.
Marasmius lomatiae
Marasmius lomatiae is a species of fungus in the large agaric genus Marasmius. It is found in Argentina, where it grows on the dead leaves of Lomatia, Luma and Nothofagus species. The fungus was described as new to science in 1969 by mycologist Rolf Singer.

Nothofagus
Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere, found across southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and eastern and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and New Caledonia. The species are ecological dominants in many temperate forests in these regions. Some species are reportedly naturalised in Germany and Great Britain. The genus has a rich fossil record of leaves, cupules, and pollen, with fossils extending into the late Cretaceous period and occurring in Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and South America.
Johnny Marr guest musician recordings
Musician Johnny Marr, formerly with the Smiths, the Pretenders, the The, Electronic, Modest Mouse, and the Cribs, and now playing solo, has appeared as a guest musician on the recordings of numerous other musicians. Songs he appears on are stated for each album listed below.

The The
The The are an English rock band from London, formed in 1979 by singer-songwriter Matt Johnson, the only constant member, and often the sole member.

The The achieved critical acclaim and commercial success in the UK, with 15 chart singles, seven reaching the top 40. Their most successful studio album, Infected (1986), spent 30 weeks on the chart. They followed this with the top-ten studio albums Mind Bomb (1989) and Dusk (1993).

The The operated as a solo project from 1982 to 1987, though albums featured contributions from musicians such as Jools Holland, JG Thirlwell and Neneh Cherry. It became a full band from 1988 to 2002 and featured the guitarist Johnny Marr until 1994. The The went on hiatus from 2002 to 2017, and released their first studio album in 24 years, Ensoulment, in 2024.
Republican Study Committee
The Republican Study Committee (RSC) is a congressional caucus of conservative members of the Republican Party in the United States House of Representatives. In November 2024, Representative August Pfluger was elected as the chair of the RSC, effective as of January 2025.

Although the primary functions of the RSC vary from year to year, it has always pushed for significant cuts in non-defense spending, advocated socially conservative legislation, and supported the right to keep and bear arms. It has proposed an alternative budget every year since 1995. In 2007, in conjunction with the unveiling of its "Taxpayer Bill of Rights", it presented an alternative budget resolution that it claimed would balance the budget within five years without increasing income taxes.

Entering the 119th United States Congress, the RSC was the largest conservative caucus in Congress.

Right to keep and bear arms
The right to keep and bear arms (often referred to as the right to bear arms) is a legal right for people to possess weapons (arms) for the preservation of life, liberty, and property. The purpose of gun rights is for self-defense, as well as hunting and sporting activities.: 96  Countries that guarantee a right to keep and bear arms include Albania, the Czech Republic, Guatemala, Mexico, Switzerland, the United States, Algeria and Yemen.
Palmyra offensive (2017)
The Palmyra offensive in 2017 was launched by the Syrian Arab Army against the armed forces of the Islamic State (IS) in the Eastern Homs Governorate in January 2017, with the goal of recapturing Palmyra and its surrounding countryside. ISIL forces had retaken the city of Palmyra in a sudden offensive from 8 to 11 December, after previously being expelled from it by Syrian government and Russian forces in March 2016. On 2 March 2017, the Syrian Army alongside Russian reinforcement, succeeded again in recapturing the beleaguered city of Palmyra.

Homs Governorate
Homs Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حمص Muḥāfaẓat Ḥimṣ) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in central Syria. It has 42,226 km2 (16,304 sq mi).It is geographically the largest governorate in Syria. Homs Governorate has a population of 1,763,000 as of 2010. The Homs governorate is divided into six administrative districts (mantiqah), with the city of Homs as a separate district. Homs is the capital city of the district of Homs. Its governor is Namir Habib Makhlouf.
Pius Schwizer
Pius Schwizer (born 13 August 1962) is a Swiss Olympic-level equestrian who competes in the sport of show jumping.

He won the bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in team jumping following the disqualification of Norwegian rider Tony André Hansen.

In 2012 he competed at his second Olympics.

Belgian Warmblood
The Belgian Warmblood or Belgisch Warmbloedpaard is a Belgian breed of warmblood sport horse. It is bred principally for show-jumping, but is also suitable for dressage and for three-day eventing.: 164  It is one of three Belgian warmblood breeds or stud-books, the others being the Zangersheide and the Belgian Sport Horse – to which last it is quite similar.: 12
Rick Shefchik
Rick Shefchik (born May 9, 1952) is an American novelist, nonfiction writer, and journalist. He is the author of the novels Amen Corner, published in 2007, Green Monster, published August 1, 2008 by Poisoned Pen Press, Frozen Tundra, published in 2010 by North Star Press and Rather See You Dead, e-published in 2011. 2012 saw the release of his first book of nonfiction, From Fields to Fairways: Classic Golf Clubs of Minnesota (University of Minnesota Press). In 2015, he released Everybody's Heard About the Bird: The True Story of 1960s Rock 'n' Roll in Minnesota (University of Minnesota Press). In September 2023, he and musician Paul Metsa released "Blood in the Tracks," a work of historical nonfiction centered on the Minnesota musicians who played on Bob Dylan’s 1975 album Blood on the Tracks. It was published by the U of M Press.

Poisoned Pen Press
Poisoned Pen Press is a publisher of mystery fiction based in Scottsdale, Arizona, US. Poisoned Pen Press typically publishes thirty-six new hardcover mysteries per year, thirty-six new large type editions of those hardcovers, and between thirty and forty new trade paperback editions of previously published hardcovers.
Crystal Ball function
The Crystal Ball function, named after the Crystal Ball Collaboration (hence the capitalized initial letters), is a probability density function (PDF) commonly used to model various lossy processes in high-energy physics such as Bremsstrahlung by electrons. It consists of a Gaussian core portion and a power-law low-end tail, below a certain threshold. The function itself and its first derivative are both continuous.

The Crystal Ball function is given by:

where

,

,

,

,

,

with the error function erf.

The parameters of the function (that are usually determined by a fit) are:

is a normalization factor (Skwarnicki 1986)

defines the point where the PDF changes from a power-law to a Gaussian distribution

is the power of the power-law tail

and  are the mean and the standard deviation of the Gaussian

Crystal Ball (detector)
The Crystal Ball was a hermetic particle detector used initially with the SPEAR particle accelerator at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center beginning in 1979.  It was designed to detect neutral particles and was used to discover the ηc meson.  Its central section was a spark chamber surrounded by a nearly-complete sphere of scintillating crystals (NaI(Tl)), for which it was named. With the addition of endcaps of similar construction, the detector covered 98% of the solid angle around the interaction point.

After its decommissioning at SLAC, the detector was carried to DESY, where it was used for b-physics experiments.

In 1996, it was moved to the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) at Brookhaven National Laboratory, where it was used in a series of pion- and kaon-induced experiments on the proton.  Currently it is located at Mainz Microtron facility, where it is being used by the A2 Collaboration for a diverse program of measurements using energy tagged Bremsstrahlung photons.
Fray Luis Beltrán, Santa Fe
Fray Luis Beltrán is a small city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located within the metropolitan area of Greater Rosario, north of the city of Rosario, on the western shore of the Paraná River. It had a population of about 15,000 inhabitants at the 2010 census [INDEC].

The town was founded in 1892 by Domingo Borghi. Its name is an homage to a friar of the San Carlos Monastery in nearby San Lorenzo, where the wounded of the rebel forces of General José de San Martín were tended after the Battle of San Lorenzo.

Fray Luis Beltrán is divided into two parts by the National Route 11. There is a military battalion, a factory of weapons and military supplies (Fábrica Militar Fray Luis Beltrán ), and a chemical plant (Sulfacid S. A.).

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
Akari Sato
Akari Sato (佐藤 灯, Satō Akari; born 31 March 2001) is a former Japanese badminton player from Saitama Prefecture. She was a member of the Japan national team and affiliated with ACT Saikyo. Sato won two Super 100 titles: the Vietnam Open and the Kaohsiung Masters.

2024 Vietnam Open
The 2024 Vietnam Open (officially known as the Yonex-Sunrise Vietnam Open 2024 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament which took place at Nguyen Du Club in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, from 10 to 15 September 2024 and had a total purse of $100,000.
George Levi Crane
George Levi Crane (May 24, 1891 – September 8, 1952) was an American-born medical doctor and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Weyburn from 1938 to 1944 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Liberal.

He was born in Wisconsin, the son of George W. Crane and Mary Elizabeth Clement, came to Canada in 1903 and received his M.D. from the University of Manitoba. Crane served with the Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry during World War I and was wounded. In 1923, he married a Miss Kathleen Lambe. Dr. Crane lived in Radville, Saskatchewan. After leaving politics, he served as chief pension examiner for the federal department of Veterans Affairs.

Weyburn-Bengough
Weyburn-Bengough is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in southeastern Saskatchewan, the constituency was created as Weyburn-Big Muddy for the 1995 general election by combining parts of Weyburn and Bengough-Milestone.

The largest centre in the constituency is the city of Weyburn (pop. 9,433). Smaller communities in the district include the towns of Willow Bunch, Coronach, Ogema and Bengough; and the villages of Minton, Pangman and Mctaggart.

For the 2024 general election, the riding was renamed Weyburn-Bengough and shifted to the north, gaining significant territory from Indian Head-Milestone, Lumsden-Morse, and Moosomin and losing territory to Estevan-Big Muddy and Cannington.
Kelly Brown Douglas
Kelly Delaine Brown Douglas (born 1957) is an African-American Episcopal priest, womanist theologian, and former interim president of Episcopal Divinity School. She was previously the inaugural Dean of the Episcopal Divinity School at Union Theological Seminary. She became interim president when EDS departed from Union in 2023. She is also the Canon Theologian at the Washington National Cathedral. She has written seven books, including The Black Christ (1994), Black Bodies and Black Church: A Blues Slant (2012), Stand Your Ground: Black Bodies and the Justice of God (2015), and Resurrection Hope: A Future Where Black Lives Matter (2021). Her book Sexuality in the Black Church: A Womanist Perspective (1999) was groundbreaking for openly addressing homophobia within the black church.

Episcopal polity
An episcopal polity, also known as episcopalianism, is a hierarchical form of church governance in which the chief local authorities are called bishops. The word "bishop" here is derived via the British Latin and Vulgar Latin term *ebiscopus/*biscopus, from Ancient Greek  ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos) 'overseer'. It is the structure used by many of the major Christian Churches and denominations, such as the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East, Anabaptist, Lutheran, and Anglican churches or denominations, and other churches founded independently from these lineages. Many Methodist denominations have a form of episcopal polity known as connexionalism.
Chicago Wolves
The Chicago Wolves are a professional ice hockey team based in the Chicago metropolitan area. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Wolves play home games at the Allstate Arena.

Originally a member of the International Hockey League, the Wolves joined the AHL after the IHL folded in 2001.

Rob Brown (ice hockey)
Robert William Brown (born April 10, 1968) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger.

He is best known for his time spent playing for the Pittsburgh Penguins from his debut in 1987 until 1990, and then again from 1997 until 2000. Between and following these stints, Brown shuffled between minor league teams in the International Hockey League (IHL) and other NHL teams, including the Hartford Whalers, Chicago Blackhawks, Dallas Stars, and Los Angeles Kings.
2020–21 Luge World Cup
The 2020–21 Luge World Cup was a multi race tournament over a season for Luge, organised by the FIL. The season started 28 November 2020 in Innsbruck, Austria, and concluded on 6 February 2021 in St. Moritz, Switzerland.

St. Moritz-Celerina Olympic Bobrun
The Olympia Bob Run St. Moritz-Celerina is a bobsleigh track located in the Engadin Valley, Switzerland. It officially opened on New Year's Day 1904 and is the oldest bobsleigh track in the world. It is also the only one that is naturally refrigerated. It is used for other sliding sports, including skeleton and luge.
David Whittaker (cricketer)
David Whittaker (25 October 1857 – 17 December 1901) was an English cricketer active from 1884 to 1888 who played for Lancashire. He was born in Church, Lancashire and died in Rishton. He appeared in nine first-class matches as a lefthanded batsman who bowled left arm medium pace. He scored 128 runs with a highest score of 26 and held four catches. He took one wicket with a best analysis of one for 26. In 1901, Whittaker drowned himself in the Leeds and Liverpool Canal.

Leeds and Liverpool Canal
The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a canal in Northern England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool.

Over a distance of 127 miles (204 km), crossing the Pennines, and including 91 locks on the main line. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal has several small branches, and in the early 21st century a new link was constructed into the Liverpool docks system.
Brown Tavern
The Brown Tavern is a historic house and public accommodation at George Washington Turnpike and Connecticut Route 4 in Burlington, Connecticut, USA. Probably built in the early 19th century, it is a fine example of Federal period architecture, its design tentatively credited to the New Haven architect David Hoadley. Now managed by the local historical society, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Connecticut Route 4
Route 4 is an east–west primary state highway connecting rural Litchfield County to the Greater Hartford area of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It runs 46.72 miles (75.19 km) from the town of Sharon to the town of West Hartford.
Justin Schwartz
Justin Schwartz (born February 9, 1965) is an American nuclear engineer and chancellor at the University of Colorado Boulder, a position he has held since July 1, 2024. He has spent his career as a researcher, educator, entrepreneur and academic leader.

From August 2022 until his appointment at CU Boulder, Schwartz was the interim and then permanent executive vice president and provost at The Pennsylvania State University. He previously served as Harold and Inge Marcus Dean at Penn State College of Engineering from 2017 to 2022 and head of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at North Carolina State University from 2009 to 2017.

Provost (education)
A provost is a senior academic administrator. At many institutions of higher education, the provost is the chief academic officer, a role that may be combined with being deputy to the chief executive officer. In some institutions, they may be the chief executive officer of a university, of a branch campus of a university, or of a college within a university.
Microstigmus
Microstigmus, or the thin-waisted social wasps, is a small genus of wasps in the family Pemphredonidae. Species of the genus are found in the Neotropical realm from Central to South America. They build nests and live in colonies ranging in size from 1 to 18 members. Microstigmus is widely considered to be the only true eusocial species of apoid wasp.

Trophallaxis
Trophallaxis (/ˌtroʊfəˈlæksɪs/) is the direct transfer of fluid and food (excreted, secreted or regurgitated) between individuals, typically through mouth-to-mouth (stomodeal) or anus-to-mouth (proctodeal) feeding.  Along with nutrients, trophallaxis can involve the transfer of molecules such as proteins, hormones, organisms such as symbionts, and information to serve as a form of communication. Trophallaxis is used by some birds, gray wolves, vampire bats, and is most highly developed in eusocial insects such as ants, wasps, bees, and termites. Like lactation, trophallaxis transmits socially transferred materials between bodies.
John Kearney (artist)
John Kearney (August 31, 1924 – August 10, 2014) was an American artist, best known for his sculptures made of car bumpers. During his career, Kearney was based out of Chicago and Provincetown, Massachusetts. Many of his sculptures are displayed outside of public buildings.

Bumper (car)
A bumper is a structure attached to or integrated with the front and rear ends of a motor vehicle, to absorb impact in a minor collision, ideally minimizing repair costs. Stiff metal bumpers appeared on automobiles as early as 1904 that had a mainly ornamental function. Numerous developments, improvements in materials and technologies, as well as greater focus on functionality for protecting vehicle components and improving safety have changed bumpers over the years. Bumpers ideally minimize height mismatches between vehicles and protect pedestrians from injury. Regulatory measures have been enacted to reduce vehicle repair costs and, more recently, impact on pedestrians.