hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doppler (surname)
Doppler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Árpád Doppler (1857–1927), composer, son of Karl Doppler

Christian Doppler (1803–1853), who discovered the Doppler effect

Clemens Doppler (born 1980), beach volleyball player from Austria

Franz Doppler (1821–1883), composer, brother of Karl Doppler

Karl Doppler (1825–1900), composer, flute player, brother of Franz Doppler, father of Árpád Doppler

Werner Doppler (born 1941), German agricultural and economical scientist

Christian Doppler
Christian Andreas Doppler (/ˈdɒplər/; German: [ˈdɔplɐ] ⓘ; 29 November 1803 – 17 March 1853) was an Austrian mathematician and physicist. He formulated the principle – now known as the Doppler effect – that the observed frequency of a wave depends on the relative speed of the source and the observer.
ICSA Men's Singlehanded National Championship
ICSA Men's Singlehanded National Championship is one of the seven Inter-Collegiate Sailing Association National Championships.

Since 1963, the winner is awarded the Glen S. Foster Trophy, named after Glen Foster for his interest in collegiate sailing and devotion to singlehanded competition. Second place finisher receives the George Griswold Trophy.

The event is sailed in cat-rigged boats which have been designed for singlehanded sailing or which are adaptable to singlehanded sailing.

The winner of this Championship may be invited to sail in United States Singlehanded Championship for the George O’Day Trophy organized by US Sailing with partial fees to be paid by ICSA.

Inter-Collegiate Sailing Association
The Inter-Collegiate Sailing Association of North America (ICSA) is a volunteer organization that serves as the governing authority for all sailing competition at colleges and universities throughout the United States and in some parts of Canada. It was founded in 1937 as the Inter-Collegiate Yacht Racing Association, and changed to its current name in 2001.
Germanus IV of Constantinople
Germanus IV of Constantinople (Greek: Γερμανός; 1788 – 16 September 1853) served two terms as Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, from 1842 to 1845 and from 1852 until his death on 16 September 1853.

In 1826–1830, he was bishop of Vidin, then bishop of Drama until 1835, when he was appointed bishop of Derkoi. He was elected to the patriarchal throne for the first time in 1842. He held the post until 1845 when he was succeeded by Meletius III of Constantinople. Restored to the throne in 1852, he occupied it until his death the next year.

During his patriarchy, he especially took care of the poor. He founded many churches, schools, libraries and orphanages. His name was particularly associated with the education of the Orthodox clergy, as he was the founder of the Theological School of Halki in the monastery of the Holy Trinity. The school operated regularly until 1971 when it was closed by law and brought forth many theologists, priests, bishops and patriarchs of note.

Metropolis of Derkoi
The Metropolis of Derkoi (Greek: Ἱερὰ Μητρόπολις Δέρκων) is a residential see of the Eastern Orthodox Church subject to the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople and situated in the Istanbul suburb of Yesilköy (historically San Stefano). The cathedral is that of St. Parakevi in Therapia (Tarabya). The metropolitan is a member of the Patriarchal Synod. The present Metropolitan is Apostolos Daniilidis.
2014 Florida's 13th congressional district special election
A special election for Florida's 13th congressional district was held March 11, 2014, to elect a member of the United States House of Representatives, following the death of incumbent Republican Congressman Bill Young on October 18, 2013. Primary elections were held on January 14, 2014. Young, who had already announced that he would not be running for re-election in 2014, was re-elected in 2012 with 57 percent of the vote. With 100% of the precincts reporting, David Jolly was declared the winner.

Larry Ahern (politician)
Larry Ahern (born April 26, 1955) is a Republican politician and a former member of the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 66th District, which includes northwestern Pinellas County, stretching from Clearwater to Seminole, from 2012 to 2018. Ahern previously represented the 51st District from 2010 to 2012. He ran for Pinellas County Commission in 2020, losing to incumbent Janet Long.
Decline effect
The decline effect may occur when scientific claims receive decreasing support over time. The term was first described by parapsychologist Joseph Banks Rhine in the 1930s to describe the disappearance of extrasensory perception (ESP) psychic experiments conducted by Rhine over time. More generally, Cronbach, in his review article "Beyond the two disciplines of scientific psychology" referred to the phenomenon as "generalizations decay." The term was once again used in a 2010 article by Jonah Lehrer published in The New Yorker.

Extrasensory perception
Extrasensory perception (ESP), also known as a sixth sense, or cryptaesthesia, is a claimed paranormal ability pertaining to reception of information not gained through the recognized physical senses, but sensed with the mind. The term was adopted by Duke University botanist J. B. Rhine to denote psychic abilities such as telepathy, psychometry, clairvoyance and their trans-temporal operation as precognition or retrocognition.

Second sight is an alleged form of extrasensory perception, whereby a person perceives information, in the form of a vision, about future events before they happen (precognition), or about things or events at remote locations (remote viewing). There is no evidence that second sight exists. Reports of second sight are known only from anecdotes. Second sight and ESP are classified as pseudosciences.
Xie Mengyu
Xie Mengyu is a Chinese freestyle wrestler. She won one of the bronze medals in the 55 kg event at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia. She won the gold medal in her event at the 2019 Asian Wrestling Championships held in Xi'an, China.

She competed in the 55 kg event at the 2019 World Wrestling Championships held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. She was eliminated in her first match by eventual bronze medalist Olga Khoroshavtseva of Russia.

She won one of the bronze medals in her event at the 2023 Ibrahim Moustafa Tournament held in Alexandria, Egypt.

2022 World Wrestling Championships
The 2022 World Wrestling Championships was the 17th edition of the World Wrestling Championships of combined events and was held between 10 and 18 September 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia.

The UWW Bureau approved the candidature of Belgrade, Serbia as the host of the 2023 Senior World Championships. However, due to the restrictions on Russia for hosting World Championships in 2021–2022, Belgrade replaced the former city of Krasnoyarsk as the World Championships host for 2022. In addition, Russian and Belarusian athletes have been banned from 2022 World Championships.
Mali Vrh, Sveta Ana
Mali Vrh (Slovene pronunciation: [ˈmaːli ˈʋəɾx], formerly also Plinbreg, German: Kleinberg) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Sveta Ana in northeastern Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Kremberk. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Municipality of Sveta Ana
The Municipality of Sveta Ana (pronounced [ˈsʋeːta ˈaːna]; Slovene: Občina Sveta Ana) is a municipality in northeastern Slovenia. It has just over 2,000 inhabitants. It is located in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice). The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region. The seat of the municipality is Sveta Ana v Slovenskih Goricah.
Ngerak Florencio
Ngerak Florencio (born 27 June 1983 in Koror, Palau) is a track and field sprint athlete who competed internationally for Palau.

Florencio represented Palau at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. She competed in the 100 metres, where she finished 7th in the heat and did not advance to the next round.

Koror
Koror is the state comprising the main commercial centre of the Republic of Palau. It consists of several islands, the most prominent being Koror Island (also Oreor Island). It is Palau's most populous state; more people live in Koror than in the rest of Palau.
Yvonne Nolan
Yvonne Carol Nolan is a British Labour politician and former Leader of Wirral Council.

She was first elected to Wirral Council in 1987 to Moreton ward beating three time incumbent Conservative David Williams. She became Leader of the Council and Leader of the Labour group once Labour gained a significant minority at the 1990 election. Although Labour gained control of the council in 1991, Nolan lost her seat to Conservative Ann Dishman by 1,200 votes.

In 2018, she was selected as the Labour candidate for the Rock Ferry beating the incumbent of 28 years, Chris Meaden. Meaden stood against Nolan but lost by 185 votes. In 2023 she was deselected by the Labour Party and stood in Rock Ferry as an independent candidate, but was not elected.

Moreton West and Saughall Massie (ward)
Moreton West and Saughall Massie (previously Moreton and Saughall Massie, 1973 to 1979, and Moreton, 1979 to 2004) is a Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council ward in the Wallasey Parliamentary constituency in England.
Bernhartshöhe
The Bernhartshöhe (Bernhart's heights) is a mountain of 549 m (1,801 ft) in the Stuttgart-Vaihingen Part of Stuttgart, covering  the southwesternmost part of the city of Stuttgart, capital of the German Bundesland (state) of Baden-Württemberg. It is the city's highest point of elevation. Bernhartshöhe is directly adjacent to the crossing of the A 8 and A 81 motorways (Autobahnkreuz Stuttgart), two crucial traffic arteries of Southern Germany.

48°43′45″N 9°04′00″E﻿ / ﻿48.72917°N 9.06667°E﻿ / 48.72917; 9.06667

Southern Germany
Southern Germany (German: Süddeutschland, [ˈzyːtˌdɔʏtʃlant] ⓘ) is a region of Germany that includes the areas in which Upper German dialects are spoken, which includes the stem duchies of Bavaria and Swabia in present-day Bavaria, Baden-Württemberg, and the southern portion of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate that were part of the Duchy of Franconia. These regions are a genetic mix of Gallo-Roman and later Germanic peoples such as the Suebi,  Franks, and Alemanni.

German-speaking Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein, Alsace, and South Tyrol are also historically, culturally, and linguistically associated with the region.
Peucetians
The Peucetians were an Iapygian tribe which inhabited western and central Apulia in classical antiquity.

Two other Iapygian tribes, the Daunians and the Messapians, inhabited northern and southern Apulia respectively. All three tribes spoke the Messapian language, but had developed separate archaeological cultures by the seventh century BC; however, in Peucetian territory ancient Greek and Oscan language were spoken as well, as the legends of the currencies from Rubi and Azetium were trilingual. Peucetians lived in the eponymous region Peucetia, which was bordered by the Ofanto river and the Murge in the north, the Bradano river in the west and the territories of the Greek colony of Taras and the Messapians in the south. This region is mostly coincident with the Metropolitan City of Bari and parts of the provinces of Taranto and Barletta-Andria-Trani today.

Bradano
The Bradano is a river in the Basilicata and Apulia regions of southern Italy. Its source is Lago Pesole (which is near Forenza and Filiano) in the province of Potenza. The river flows southeast near Monte Torretta, Acerenza, and Oppido Lucano. After crossing into the province of Matera, it is joined by a right tributary, the Alvo. The river flows near Irsina before being joined by a left tributary, the Basentello. Shortly after that, it is joined by another right tributary, the Bilioso. The river then enters Lago di San Giuliano. After flowing out of the lake, the Bradano is joined by a left tributary, the Gravina, and flows southeast near Montescaglioso before entering the province of Taranto. It is then joined by a left tributary, the Gravina di Matera, before re-entering the province of Matera after a short distance. The river flows near the border with the province of Taranto before entering the Gulf of Taranto near Lido di Metaponto.
Dutch Tilders
Dutch Tilders (29 August 1941 – 23 April 2011), born Mattheus Frederikus Wilhelmus Tilders, anglicised as Matthew Tilders, was a Netherlands-born Australian blues singer-songwriter and guitarist. He performed and released material as a solo artist and also issued a blues-rock album with Kevin Borich, The Blues Had a Baby and They Called It Rock'n'Roll (November 1980). He has toured with John Mayall (1974), Brownie McGhee (1976, 1980s), and Taj Mahal (1986, 1990s). Tilders was diagnosed with oesophageal and liver cancer in May 2010 and died on 23 April 2011, aged 69. In May 2012 Australian Guitar magazine listed him in the top 40 on their Definitive Australian Guitarists of All Time.

Split album
A split album (or split) is a music album that includes tracks by two or more separate artists. Split albums differ from "various artists" compilation albums in that they generally include several tracks of each artist, or few artists with one or two tracks each, instead of multiple artists with only one or two tracks each. There are also singles and EPs of the same variety, which are often called "split singles" and "split EPs" respectively.
Women in Kazakhstan
Women in Kazakhstan are women who live in or are from Kazakhstan. Their position in society has been and is influenced by a variety of factors, including local traditions and customs, decades of Soviet regime, rapid social and economic changes and instability after independence, and new emerging Western values.

Independence Day (Kazakhstan)
Independence Day of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстанның Тәуелсіздік күні, Qazaqstannyñ Täwelsızdık künı, [qɑzɑqstʰɑˈnːɯŋ tʰæwʲelsɘzˈdɘk kʰʏˈnɘ]), is the main national holiday of Kazakhstan, celebrated annually on 16 December.
Promotion (rank)
A promotion is the advancement of an employee's rank, role or position in an organizational hierarchy system. Promotion may be an employee's reward for good performance, i.e., positive appraisal.

Organizations can use promotions to motivate and control employees. Before a company promotes an employee to a particular position it might ensure that the person is able to handle the added responsibilities by screening the employee with interviews and tests and giving them training or on-the-job experience.

A promotion can involve advancement in terms of designation, salary and benefits, and in some organizations the type of job activities may change a great deal. The opposite of a promotion is a demotion.

Performance
A performance is an act or process of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other forms of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
Feral (book)
Feral: Searching for Enchantment on the Frontiers of Rewilding (also published as Feral: rewilding the land, sea and human life) is a 2013 book by the British activist George Monbiot. In it, Monbiot discusses rewilding, particularly in the United Kingdom. It was first published by Allen Lane, a hardback imprint of the Penguin Group. The book received positive critical reviews, and won several awards. It inspired the founding of Rewilding Britain.

Penguin Group
Penguin Group is a British trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House, which is owned by the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. The new company was created by a merger that was finalised on 1 July 2013, with Bertelsmann initially owning 53% of the joint venture, and Pearson PLC initially owning the remaining 47%. Since 18 December 2019, Penguin Random House has been wholly owned by Bertelsmann.

Penguin Books has its registered office in the City of Westminster, London.

Its British division is Penguin Books Ltd. Other separate divisions are located in the United States, Ireland, New Zealand, India, Australia, Canada, China, Brazil and South Africa.
Skroback Roadable Airplane
The Skroback Roadable Airplane was an early attempt to produce a roadable airplane. To keep the aircraft within a reasonable width for driving with fixed wings, the inventor used many wing surfaces along the length of the vehicle.

Continental A40
The Continental A40 engine is a carbureted four-cylinder, horizontally opposed, air-cooled aircraft engine that was developed especially for use in light aircraft by Continental Motors. It was produced between 1931 and 1941.
Konstantin Kuzminsky
Konstantin Konstantinovich Kuzminsky (16 April 1940 – 2 May 2015) ( Russian: Kонстантин Константинович Кузьминский) was a Russian performance poet.

Born in Leningrad, Kuzminsky emigrated from the Soviet Union in 1978. He published "The Blue Lagoon Anthology of Modern Russian Poetry". Other publications include a collection of Russian poetry "The Living Mirror". He appeared in several documentary films, among them two by Andrei Zagdansky: Vasya, a portrait of a close friend and Russian/Soviet nonconformist artist Vasily Sitnikov and Konstantin and Mouse (a.k.a. "Kostya and Mouse"), a double-portrait of Konstantin Kuzminsky and his wife Emma, nicknamed "Mouse".

Konstantin Kuzminsky died in the United States on 2 May 2015, aged 75.

Vasily Sitnikov
Vasily Yakovlevich Sitnikov (Russian: Василий Яковлевич Ситников; August 19, 1915 – November 28, 1987) was a Russian painter.

He was a post-war Soviet Nonconformist Art of Russia, well known in Moscow artistic milieus. His work is in the collection of the New York Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), and the Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University.

Sitnikov was born in Novo-Rakitino, Tambov Governorate in 1915. He lived in New York City until his death in New York 1987. In 2002 Andrei Zagdansky produced a feature-length documentary Vasya about the life and art of Vasily Sitnikov.
Rolls-Royce 30 hp
The Rolls-Royce 30 hp was one of four cars to be produced as a result of an agreement of 23 December 1904 between Charles Rolls and Henry Royce. Badged as a Rolls-Royce, the 30 hp was produced during 1905 and 1906 by Royce's company, Royce Ltd. at its factory in Cooke Street, Hulme, Manchester. It was sold exclusively by Rolls' motor dealership, C.S.Rolls & Co., at a price of GBP 890. The engine was exhibited at the Paris Salon in December 1904, along with the 10 hp, 15 hp and 20 hp models.

Claude Johnson was keen that a six-cylinder model was included in the Rolls-Royce line-up as other "quality" makers, especially Napier, were adding them to their ranges. The 30 hp was discontinued when the company changed to a single model policy and launched the 40/50 (Silver Ghost).

Tax horsepower
The fiscal / taxable horsepower or just tax horsepower was an early system to calculate road taxation rates for automobiles in a number of key Western European countries such as the UK, Germany, France, Belgium and Italy. Some U.S. states like Illinois also charged license plate purchase and renewal fees for passenger automobiles, based on taxable horsepower. The tax horsepower rating was typically computed not from actual engine power but by mathematical formulae based on cylinder dimensions etc, and varying per country. In the early twentieth century, fiscal power was reasonably close to real power – but as the internal combustion engine developed, real power output outpaced nominal taxable power by a factor of up to ten or more.
Taylor Hill Hotel
The Taylor Hill Hotel is a historic former hotel building at 409 Alabama Street in Coal Hill, Arkansas, United States.  Now a private residence, it is a two-story wood-frame I-house, with a gabled roof and weatherboard siding.  A two-story ell extends to the rear, giving the building a T shape.  A two-story porch extends across much of the front, supported by square columns.  The building has a mixture of simple Greek Revival and Folk Victorian details.  It was probably built about 1890, when Coal Hill was the largest city in Johnson County.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Johnson County, Arkansas
Johnson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,749. The county seat is Clarksville. Johnson County is Arkansas's 30th county, formed on November 16, 1833, from a portion of Pope County and named for Benjamin Johnson, a Territorial Judge. It is an alcohol prohibition or dry county.
Edward Thompson (of Sheriff Hutton)
Edward Thompson (ca. 1639 – 6 August 1701) was an English landowner and politician.

Edward and his brother Sir Henry Thompson were wine merchants of York; Edward became the principal mover of the business after his brother moved to his new estate at Escrick in 1668. He was a particular friend of Andrew Marvell. During the reign of Charles II, Edward bought the estate of Sheriff Hutton for his own country residence. He was Lord Mayor of York in 1683. He was three times Member of Parliament for York, beginning in 1689.

He married Frances Thompson and had two children: Leonard, who married his second cousin once removed, Frances Thompson of Escrick, and died without issue in 1744, and Richard (d. 1753), twice Lord Mayor of York.

York (UK Parliament constituency)
York was a constituency represented in the Parliament of England from 1265 until 1707, in the Parliament of Great Britain until 1801, and in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom until 2010. It elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) until 1918, and one thereafter under the first-past-the-post system of election. From 1997 to 2010 it was known as City of York.
Ricki Lake
Ricki Pamela Lake (born September 21, 1968) is an American television host and actress. She is known for her lead role as Tracy Turnblad in the 1988 film Hairspray, for which she received a nomination for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. She is also known for her talk show, Ricki Lake, which was broadcast internationally from September 1993 until May 2004. When the show debuted, Lake was 24 and credited as being the youngest person to host a syndicated talk show at the time. In late 2012, Lake began hosting a second syndicated talk show, The Ricki Lake Show. The series was canceled in 2013 after a single season, but Lake won her first Daytime Emmy Award for the project.

Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead
The Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead was one of the annual Independent Spirit Awards to honor an actress who has delivered an outstanding lead performance in an independent film. It was first presented in 1985 with Geraldine Page being the first recipient of the award for her role as Carrie Watts in The Trip to Bountiful. It was last presented in 2022 with Taylour Paige being the final recipient of the award for her role in Zola.

In 2022, it was announced that the four acting categories would be retired and replaced with two gender neutral categories, with both Best Male Lead and Best Female Lead merging into the Best Lead Performance category.

With two wins, Frances McDormand and Julianne Moore are the most awarded women in this category, while with 4 nominations Michelle Williams is the most nominated female in this category.
Alexandru D. Ionescu
Alexandru D. Ionescu is a mathematician and academic who serves as a professor of mathematics at Princeton University.

Ionescu's research primarily focuses on partial differential equations (PDEs) and mathematical physics. He is a fellow of the American Mathematical Society, a member of the American Academy of Sciences and Letters, and was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 2022.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.