hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bertha Quinn
Bertha Quinn (1873–1951) was a British suffragette and socialist, from Leeds, who was arrested five times and once went to prison, becoming one of the first Catholic suffragette prisoners to be force-fed after going on hunger strike. Quinn became a Labour councillor from 1929 to 1943, and was a trades union representative of the Tailors and Garment Workers from 1915 to 1943. Quinn was awarded the Papal Bene Merenti Medal in 1946.

Trade unions in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, trade unions emerged in the early 19th century, but faced punitive laws that sharply limited their activities. They began political activity in the late 19th century and formed an alliance with the Liberal Party in the early 20th century. They grew rapidly from 1900 to 1920, lost their legal disabilities, and were well established by the 1920s.  Union members largely switched from Liberal to the new Labour Party. Its leader Ramsay MacDonald became prime minister in 1924 briefly, and then again in 1929. In the 1980s  Margaret Thatcher's Conservative governments weakened the powers of the unions by making it more difficult to strike legally. Most British unions are members of the TUC, the Trades Union Congress (founded in 1867), or where appropriate, the Scottish Trades Union Congress or the Irish Congress of Trade Unions, which are the country's principal national trade union centres.
Economy of Northern Ireland
The economy of Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four constituents of the United Kingdom and the smaller of the two jurisdictions on the island of Ireland. At the time of the Partition of Ireland in 1922, and for a period afterwards, Northern Ireland had a predominantly industrial economy, most notably in shipbuilding, rope manufacture and textiles, but most heavy industry has since been replaced by services. Northern Ireland's economy has strong links to the economies of the Republic of Ireland and Great Britain.

Service (economics)
A service is an act or use for which a consumer, company, or government is willing to pay. Examples include work done by barbers, doctors, lawyers, accountants, mechanics, banks, finance, insurance companies, and so on. Public services are those that society (nation state, fiscal union or region) as a whole pays for, such as hospitals,  elementary schools, or libraries. Using resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience, service providers give benefit to service consumers. Services may be defined as intangible acts or performances whereby the service provider provides value to the customer.
Joseph ben Kalonymus ha-Nakdan
Joseph ben Kalonymus ha-Nakdan (Hebrew: יוסף בן קלונימוס הנקדן; fl. early 13th century) was a German grammarian, Masorite, and poet. He was the grandson of grammarian Samson Ha-Nakdan.

He was the author of a long acrostic poem on the accents, with a commentary. Joseph also composed several piyyutim. Among his known works are:

אדיר במרום ('Mighty in the Heights') and מלך אליון ('Exalted Kings'), both preserved in a French maḥzor dated to 1278;

A kinah beginning with אמרר בבכי; and

A seliḥah beginning with אזעק חמס קורות, in memory of the martyrs of the 1235 blood libel massacre in Fulda.

Selichot
Selichot (Hebrew: סְלִיחוֹת, romanized: səliḥoṯ, singular: סליחה, səliḥā) are Jewish penitential poems and prayers, especially those said in the period leading up to the High Holidays, and on fast days. The Thirteen Attributes of Mercy are a central theme throughout these prayers.
Kashima (surname)
Kashima (written: 鹿島) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Hitomi Kashima (born 1980), Japanese swimmer

Satoshi Kashima, Japanese civil engineer

Seibei Kashima (1866–1924), Japanese photographer

Sho Kashima (born 1986), American freestyle skier

Takehiro Kashima (born 1980), Japanese gymnast

Sho Kashima
Sho William Kashima (born November 1, 1986) is an American freestyle skier from El Paso, Texas. Sho currently resides in Park City, Utah. Sho was considered a threat to qualify for the U.S. Olympic team in Vancouver, but missed the 2010 Games after suffering a knee injury in January of that year, ending his season.
Chah Sukhteh
Chah Sukhteh (Persian: چاه سوخته, also Romanized as Chāh Sūkhteh) is a village in Takab-e Kuhmish Rural District, Sheshtomad District, Sabzevar County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 9 families.

Sheshtamad County
Sheshtamad County (Persian: شهرستان ششتمد) is located in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Sheshtomad, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 3,108 in 920 households.
2015–16 Cypriot First Division
The 2015–16 Cypriot First Division was the 77th season of the Cypriot top-level football league. It began on 22 August 2015 and ended on 15 May 2016. APOEL were the defending champions.

The league expanded from 12 to 14 teams this season, comprised eleven teams from the 2014–15 season and three promoted teams from the 2014–15 Second Division. APOEL were crowned champions for the 25th time and a fourth time in a row, securing the title after beating title rivals AEK Larnaca 2–0 at home on 28 April 2016.

Cypriot First Division
The Cypriot First Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Α΄ Κατηγορίας), also known as the Cyprus League by Stoiximan for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Cyprus and the highest level of the Cypriot football league system. Operated by the Cyprus Football Association, the league is contested by fourteen teams and runs from August to May, with the three lowest-placed teams being relegated to the Cypriot Second Division, and replaced by the top three teams in that division.
Karlsen
Karlsen is a Danish-Norwegian patronymic surname meaning "son of Karl" (\k(a)-rl\), an Old German given name. The form Carlsen is cognate. The parallel Swedish forms are Karlsson and Carlsson. People with the surname include:

Alexandria Karlsen (born 1978), American model, actress and author

Atle Karlsen (keyboardist) (?-), keyboardist of the Norwegian Rock band DumDum Boys

Emil Karlsen (born 1997), Norwegian singer-songwriter

Geir Karlsen (born 1948), Norwegian footballer

Geir Karlsen (born 1965), Norwegian CEO

Johan Sigurd Karlsen (1894–1967), Norwegian politician

Kari Karlsen (born 1952), Norwegian high jumper

Karl Henry Karlsen (1893–1979), Norwegian politician

Morten Karlsen (born 1979), Danish footballer

Svend Karlsen (born 1967), Norwegian strongman

Tor Ottar Karlsen (born 1950), Norwegian politician

Geir Karlsen (businessman)
Geir Karlsen (born 1965) is a Norwegian business magnate. He is best known as the CEO and former CFO of Norwegian Air Shuttle, Scandinavia's largest airline, and Europe's third largest low-cost airline.
Castlereagh League
The Castlereagh League (also known as the Castlereagh Cup and formerly as Group 14 Rugby League) is a rugby league competition in western New South Wales, Australia For all intents and purposes the competition is effectively the Group 14 Rugby League senior competition, and the league has re-obtained Group status as of 2023, but will not revert to the Group 14 name for branding reasons. In 2025, the competition ran a first grade and reserve grade competition in men's, and women's league tag.

Rugby League Week
Rugby League Week (frequently abbreviated to RLW) was the highest selling Australian rugby league magazine, ahead of major competitor Big League. It was published weekly (on Wednesdays) during the Australian rugby league season, which runs from March to late September (roughly corresponding to the southern hemisphere autumn and winter). The magazine was headquartered in Sydney.
I'm Looking out the Window
"I'm Looking out the Window" is a ballad written by Don Raye and John Jacob Niles. Peggy Lee first recorded the song as a B-side for her 1959 single "Hallelujah, I Love Him So". The song is best known as a hit record for Cliff Richard in 1962 in numerous countries, although not in the United States.

The authorship of the song has not always been clear. Peggy Lee's original release on Capitol Records was credited to Don Raye. Cliff Richard's release on Columbia was credited to John Jacob Niles. The Songwriter's Hall of Fame now credits it to both.

John Jacob Niles
John Jacob Niles (April 28, 1892 – March 1, 1980) was an American composer, singer and collector of traditional ballads. Called the "Dean of American Balladeers," Niles was an important influence on the American folk music revival of the 1950s and 1960s, with Odetta, Joan Baez, Burl Ives, Peter, Paul and Mary and Bob Dylan, among others, recording his songs.
San José del Cabo
San José del Cabo (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ xoˈse ðel ˈkaβo], Saint Joseph of the Cape) is a coastal city located on the Gulf of California coast, near the southern tip of the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. San José del Cabo is situated on the edge of a shallow bay, some 32 kilometres (20 mi) northeast of Cabo San Lucas, a city with which it shares the title of Los Cabos.

San José del Cabo is the seat of the Los Cabos Municipality. The city had a population of 136,285 at the 2020 census.  The two cities are served by Los Cabos International Airport.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
KMVR
KMVR (104.9 FM, "Rock 104.9") is a radio station licensed to serve Mesilla Park, New Mexico.  The station is owned by Bravo Mic Communications, LLC.  It airs an active rock music format featuring artists such as Disturbed, Godsmack, Metallica, Linkin Park, Green Day, and others. Its sister stations are KOBE, KVLC, KXPZ. KMVR-FM broadcasts on 104.9 from Mesilla Park NM.

Mesilla Park, New Mexico
Mesilla Park is a neighborhood located on the south side of Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States. Residents of Mesilla founded the community through a land company in 1887, shortly after Las Cruces became the county seat of Doña Ana County. At the time, it was an independent settlement, though it was eventually annexed by Las Cruces. The neighborhood adjoins University Park, the site of New Mexico State University, and it grew after the university was founded in 1889. Mesilla Park still has its own post office with ZIP code 88047, which opened in 1892.
Asclepiodorus of Macedon
Asclepiodorus (/əˌskliːpioʊˈdɔːrəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀσκληπιόδωρος) a Macedonian, son of Timander, was one of the generals of Alexander the Great, and after the conquest of Syria was appointed by Alexander satrap of that country. In 328 BC, he led reinforcements from Syria to Alexander in eastern Asia, and there became involved in the conspiracy which was formed by Hermolaus against the life of the king. He seems to be the same as the one whom Antigonus, in 316, made satrap of Persia; but he must be distinguished from an Asclepiodorus, a general of Cassander, mentioned by Diodorus.

Ascepiodorus was also secretary of Eurydice III of Macedon and an appointed trierarch of Nearchus in 326.

Diodorus Siculus
Diodorus Siculus or Diodorus of Sicily (Ancient Greek: Διόδωρος, romanized: Diódōros; fl. 1st century BC) was an ancient Greek historian from Sicily. He is known for writing the monumental universal history Bibliotheca historica, in forty books, fifteen of which survive intact, between 60 and 30 BC. 
The history is arranged in three parts. The first covers mythic history up to the destruction of Troy, arranged geographically, describing regions around the world from Egypt, India and Arabia to Europe. The second covers the time from the Trojan War to the death of Alexander the Great. The third covers the period to about 60 BC. Bibliotheca, meaning 'library', acknowledges that he was drawing on the work of many other authors.
Oklahoma City Community College
Oklahoma City Community College (OCCC) is a public community college in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The college was founded in 1972 as South Oklahoma City Junior College. In 2023, OCCC had an enrollment of 11,469 students and was the second largest community college and the fifth largest public higher education institution in Oklahoma. OCCC operates a main campus and three satellite locations in the south metro. A large percentage of OCCC students join or rejoin the local workforce each year. Their added skills translate to earnings of more than $220 million in annual additional income to Oklahoma's economy.

OCCC is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission. The short name of the college, OCCC, is most often read as "O-Triple-C." (the previous short name was "OKCCC" or "O-K-Triple-C", until the "K" was dropped sometime in the late 2000s to early 2010s)

Junior college
A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer two-year associate's degrees that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a college for a four-year bachelor's degree to finish their undergraduate education, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for one to three years, which is also dependent on the country.
Otaika
Otaika (Māori: Ōtaika) is a suburb of Whangārei 7 km south of the city in Northland, New Zealand. The Otaika Stream runs from the north west, through the area, and into the Whangārei Harbour. State Highway 1 runs through the locality. The hill Tikorangi (with a summit 161 m above sea level) lies to the South. Tikorangi is a source of limestone for Portland Cement.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of lying in a heap" for Ōtāika.

Northland Region
Northland (Māori: Te Tai Tokerau), officially the Northland Region, is the northernmost of New Zealand's 16 local government regions. The region is known for its warm weather. The major population centre is the city of Whangārei, and the largest town is Kerikeri. At the 2018 New Zealand census, Northland recorded a population growth spurt of 18.1% since the previous 2013 census, placing it as the fastest growing region in New Zealand, ahead of other strong growth regions such as the Bay of Plenty Region (2nd with 15%) and Waikato (3rd with 13.5%).
Zenonas Petrauskas
Zenonas Petrauskas (22 June 1950 – 18 January 2009) was a Lithuanian lawyer and deputy foreign minister of Lithuania (2004–2006). He was as an associate professor of international law. He was born in Čekiškė (Kaunas district municipality).

Čekiškė
Čekiškė  is a small town in Kaunas County in central Lithuania, it is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-west of Kaunas city municipality. In 2011, it had a population of 682. The main town square formed where three roads converged. This dictated a radial plan for the town, which is now protected as a monument of urban architecture.
Roth's spot
Roth's spots, also known as Litten spots or the Litten sign, are non-specific red lesions with white or pale centres, seen on the retina of the eye and although traditionally associated with infective endocarditis, can occur in a number of other conditions including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, collagen vascular disease, extreme hypoxia, leukemia and HIV.

Red and white retinal spots were first observed in 1872 by Swiss physician Moritz Roth, and named "Roth spots" six years later by Moritz Litten. They are typically observed via fundoscopy (using an ophthalmoscope to view inside the eye) or slit lamp exam.

The original retinal spots identified in 1872 were attributed to nerve-fibres that had burst. Present-day analysis shows that they can be composed of coagulated fibrin including platelets, focal ischaemia, inflammatory infiltrate, infectious organisms, or neoplastic cells.

Lesion
A lesion is any damage or abnormal change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by injury or diseases. The term lesion is derived from the Latin laesio, meaning "injury". Lesions may occur in plants and animals.
Listed buildings in Hopton Cangeford
Hopton Cangeford is a civil parish in Shropshire, England.  It contains four listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Hopton Cangeford and the surrounding countryside, and the listed buildings consist of a farmhouse, a private house, a telephone kiosk, and a redundant church.

Redundant church
A redundant church, now referred to as a closed church, is a church building that is no longer used for Christian worship. The term most frequently refers to former Anglican churches in the United Kingdom, but may also be used for disused churches in other countries. Redundant churches may be deconsecrated, but this is not always done.

Reasons for redundancy include population movements, changing social patterns, merging of parishes, and decline in church attendance (especially in the Global North). Historically, redundant churches were often demolished or left to ruin. Today, many are repurposed as community centres, museums or homes, or are protected under the care of heritage preservation organisations such as Friends of Friendless Churches or the Churches Conservation Trust, and are demolished only if no alternative can be found.
Kurovsky (inhabited locality)
Kurovsky (Russian: Куровский) or Kurovskoy (Куровской; both masculine), Kurovskaya (Куровская; feminine), or Kurovskoye (Куровское; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Kurovskoye, Moscow Oblast, a town in Orekhovo-Zuyevsky District of Moscow Oblast

Kurovskoy, a settlement in Dzerzhinsky District of Kaluga Oblast

Rural localities

Kurovsky (rural locality), a settlement in Berezovsky Rural Okrug of Kireyevsky District of Tula Oblast

Kurovskoye, Dzerzhinsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Dzerzhinsky District, Kaluga Oblast

Kurovskoye, Kozelsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Kozelsky District, Kaluga Oblast

Kurovskoye, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a selo in Kamyshlovsky District of Sverdlovsk Oblast

Kurovskoye, Vologda Oblast, a village in Kubensky Selsoviet of Vologodsky District of Vologda Oblast

Kozelsky District
Kozelsky District (Russian: Козе́льский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,523 square kilometers (588 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kozelsk.  Population: 38,596 (2021 Census); 41,802 (2010 Census); 44,775 (2002 Census); 47,822 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kozelsk accounts for 43.4% of the district's total population.
Douce Noire grise
Douce Noire grise or (Dame Noire grise) is a red French grape variety that was described by ampelographer Pierre Galet in his 2000 work Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages but is not longer used in commercial wine production. Despite the similarities in their names, Douce Noire grise is not a color mutation of, or directly related to, the French wine grape Douce noir which is also known as Bonarda in Argentina and Charbono in California.

Pierre Galet
Pierre Galet (28 January 1921 – 30 December 2019) was a French ampelographer and author who was an influential figure within ampelography in the 20th century and before DNA typing was widely introduced. Beginning in the 1950s, Pierre Galet introduced a system for identifying varieties based on the shape, contours and characteristics of the leaves of the vines, petioles, growing shoots, shoot tips, grape clusters, as well as the colour, size, seed content and flavour of the grapes. The impact and comprehensiveness of his work earned him the consideration as the "father of modern ampelography". He started publishing within ampelography in the 1950s and his Ph.D. thesis was presented in 1967. He has also written popular science books on grape varieties. Galet was active at the École Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Montpellier (today L'Institut Agro Montpellier).
Garnedd-Wen Formation
The Garnedd-Wen Formation (also known as the Garnedd-Wen Beds) is an Ordovician lithostratigraphic formation (a sequence of rock strata) in Mid Wales. The rock of the formation is a mixture of mudstones, siltstones, fine- to coarse-grained sandstones, greywackes and conglomerates. The formation extends from Dinas Mawddwy in the north-east to Tywyn in the south-west.

Dinas Mawddwy
Dinas Mawddwy (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈdiːnas mau̯ðʊɨ̯]; listenⓘ) is a town in the community of Mawddwy in south-east Gwynedd, north Wales. It lies within the Snowdonia National Park, but just to the east of the main A470, and consequently many visitors pass the town by. Its population is roughly 600. The town marks the junction of the unclassified road to Llanuwchllyn which climbs up through the mountains to cross Bwlch y Groes at its highest point, the second highest road pass in Wales. This minor road also provides the closest access to the mountain Aran Fawddwy and is the nearest settlement to Craig Cywarch.
Villatoro (surname)
Villatoro is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Villatoro, Guatemalan musician

Anton Villatoro (born 1970), Guatemalan cyclist

Edwin Villatoro (born 1980), Guatemalan footballer

Marcos Villatoro (born 1962), American writer

Anton Villatoro
Anton Villatoro (born June 10, 1970) is a Guatemalan former professional cyclist. He attended the University of Colorado, where he raced with future US Postal teammate Tyler Hamilton. Villatoro won the 1991 Junior Tour of Guatemala, a gold medal at the 1994 Central American Games (team time trial) and placed fourth at the 1995 Pan American Games (time trial). In 1996, he represented Guatemala at the Olympic Games in Atlanta.

He raced for the US Postal Service Cycling Team from 1996–1998 and then served as team captain for Team 7-UP from 1999 to 2000.

He retired in 2001 to pursue business interests.
Washington College
Washington College is a private liberal arts college in Chestertown, Maryland, United States. Maryland granted Washington College its charter in 1782. George Washington supported the founding of the college by consenting to have the "College at Chester" named in his honor through financial support and service on the college's Board of Visitors and Governors. Washington College is the 10th-oldest college in the United States and was the first college chartered after American independence. The school became coeducational in 1891.

Colonial colleges
The colonial colleges are nine institutions of higher education founded in the Thirteen Colonies, predating the United States. As the only American universities old enough to have alumni that participated in the American Revolution and the founding of the United States, these schools have been identified as a group for their influence on U.S. history.

While all nine colonial colleges were founded as private institutions, two later became public universities: the College of William & Mary in 1906, and Rutgers University in 1945. The remaining seven are all members of the Ivy League and remain private to the present day: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, Penn, Brown, and Dartmouth.