hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dennis Fong
Dennis Fong (traditional Chinese: 方鏞欽; simplified Chinese: 方镛钦; pinyin: Fāng Yōngqīn; Jyutping: fong1 jung4 jam1), (born March 11, 1977), better known by his online alias Thresh, is an American businessman and retired professional player of the first-person shooter video games Quake and Doom. He is a co-founder of Xfire, an instant messenger and social networking site for gamers, which was acquired by Viacom for US$102 million in April 2006. He also co-founded Lithium Technologies, a social customer relationship management (CRM) company. In his playing career his highest profile victory came in 1997 at the Red Annihilation Quake tournament, where he placed first and won id Software CEO John Carmack's Ferrari 328. Fong is recognized by the Guinness World Records as the first professional gamer.

Id Software
id Software LLC (/ɪd/) is an American video game developer based in Richardson, Texas. It was founded on February 1, 1991, by four members of the computer company Softdisk: programmers John Carmack and John Romero, game designer Tom Hall, and artist Adrian Carmack.

id Software made important technological developments in video game technologies for the PC (running MS-DOS and Windows), including work done for the Wolfenstein, Doom, and Quake franchises at the time. id's work was particularly important in 3D computer graphics technology and in game engines that are used throughout the video game industry. The company was involved in the creation of the first-person shooter (FPS) genre: Wolfenstein 3D is often considered to be the first true FPS; Doom is a game that popularized the genre and PC gaming in general; and Quake was id's first true 3D FPS.

On June 24, 2009, ZeniMax Media acquired the company. In 2015, they opened a second studio in Frankfurt, Germany.
Germanische Altertumskunde Online
Germanische Altertumskunde Online, formerly called Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, is a German encyclopedia of the study of Germanic history and cultures, as well as the cultures that were in close contact with them.

The first edition of the Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde appeared in four volumes between 1911 and 1919, edited by Johannes Hoops. The second edition, under the auspices of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, was edited by Heinrich Beck (from vol 1, 1968/72), Heiko Steuer (from vol. 8, 1991/94), Rosemarie Müller (from 1992), and Dieter Geuenich (from vol. 13, 1999), and was published by Walter de Gruyter in 35 volumes between 1968 and 2008.

In 2010, the most recent version was published, now renamed Germanische Altertumskunde Online. Edited by Heinrich Beck, Heiko Steuer, Dieter Geuenich, Wilhelm Heizmann, Sebastian Brather, Steffen Patzold and Sigmund Oehrl, it is published online by De Gruyter, accessible via subscription.

De Gruyter Brill
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter Brill (German: [də ˈɡʁɔʏtɐ]), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.

Known as De Gruyter until 2024, it merged its operations with those of the Dutch publisher Brill Publishers, forming De Gruyter Brill.
Rainy Creek (Missouri)
Rainy Creek is a stream in Benton and Camden Counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of the Osage River within the waters of the Lake of the Ozarks.

The stream headwaters arise in Camden County on the west flank of Canefield Ridge and just north of the Climax Springs Lookout Tower and Missouri Route 7 at an elevation of about 980 feet (at 38°06′25″N 93°01′57″W﻿ / ﻿38.10694°N 93.03250°W﻿ / 38.10694; -93.03250.  The stream flows west past the north side of Climax Springs. The stream turns northwest and enters Benton County briefly before turning to the northeast and re-entering Camden County. The stream enters an arm of the Lake of the Ozarks (at 38°10′22″N 93°02′13″W﻿ / ﻿38.17278°N 93.03694°W﻿ / 38.17278; -93.03694) at an elevation of 629 feet.

Rainy Creek derives its name from a settler named Rainey.

Lake of the Ozarks
Lake of the Ozarks is a reservoir created by impounding the Osage River in the northern part of the Ozarks in central Missouri. Parts of three smaller tributaries to the Osage are included in the impoundment: the Niangua River, Grandglaize Creek, and Gravois Creek. The lake has a surface area of 54,000 acres (220 km2) and 1,150 miles (1,850 km) of shoreline. The main channel of the Osage Arm stretches 92 miles (148 km) from one end to the other.  The total drainage area is over 14,000 square miles (36,000 km2).  The lake's serpentine shape has earned it the nickname "the Missouri Dragon", which has, in turn, inspired the names of local institutions such as the Magic Dragon Street Meet.
Ruth Fincher
Ruth B. Fincher AM FASSA (born 1951 in Victoria, Australia) is a leader in the field of feminist geography and urban geography. She is an Emeritus Foundation Professor of Geography at the University of Melbourne, Australia.

Feminist geography
Feminist geography is a sub-discipline of human geography that applies the theories, methods, and critiques of feminism to the study of the human environment, society, and geographical space. Feminist geography emerged in the 1970s, when members of the women's movement called on academia to include women as both producers and subjects of academic work. Feminist geographers aim to incorporate positions of race, class, ability, and sexuality into the study of geography. The discipline was a target for the hoaxes of the grievance studies affair.
Jesse P. Fuller
Jesse P. Fuller (September 29, 1901 - January 19, 1962) was an American politician from Maine. Fuller, a Republican from South Portland, served in the Maine House of Representatives from 1951 to 1958. From 1953 to 1954, Fuller was House Majority Leader.

Maine Republican Party
The Maine Republican Party is an affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Maine. It was founded in Strong, Maine, on August 7, 1854. The party currently does not control the governor's office or either chamber of the Maine Legislature, nor either of Maine's two U.S. House. The only federal elected office that the party controls is one of Maine's two U.S. Senate seats, currently held by Susan Collins.
Jan Šulc (canoeist)
Jan Šulc (1916 – 30 May 2001) was a Czechoslovak slalom canoeist who competed in the 1940s and the 1950s. He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold (C-1 team: 1953) and three silvers (C-2: 1953; C-2 team: 1949, 1951).

1949 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1949 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Geneva, Switzerland under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the inaugural edition.

Eight sets of medals were awarded. There were four individual events and four team events. The team events were just combined times of three selected athletes or crews from the individual events. Only two teams were classified in the men's C1 team, men's C2 team and women's folding K1 team events.
Davis Wright Tremaine
Davis Wright Tremaine LLP is an American business and litigation law firm. Founded in 1944, the firm is a limited liability partnership and employs over 500 lawyers. Davis Wright Tremaine is headquartered in Seattle, Washington, and has offices in seven other cities in the United States.

Law firm
A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law. The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.
Alkatrazz
Alkatrazz were an English heavy metal band from Maidstone, Kent, England. Formed in 1980 as part of the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) movement, the group originally featured lead vocalist Craig Stevens, guitarist and backing vocalist Bob Jenner, bassist Gary Bevan, and drummer and backing vocalist Nick Parsons. In 1981 they signed to RCA Records and released their debut album Young Blood, followed by their second Radio 5 the following year. Shortly after the latter's release, Alkatrazz were dropped by the label. Bevan was briefly replaced by Phillip Tame, before the group disbanded in 1983.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
1-Aminomethylindane
1-Aminomethylindane (1-AMI) is a chemical compound and derivative of indane. It can also be thought of as a cyclized phenethylamine or β-phenethylamine derivative in which the side chain is cyclized with the benzene ring. 1-AMI is the parent compound of a group of psychedelic- and entactogen-related drugs that includes 1-aminomethyl-5-methoxyindane (1-AMMI; related to para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA)), 2CB-Ind (related to 2C-B), jimscaline (related to mescaline), and bromojimscaline (related to 2-bromomescaline).

Indane
Indane or indan is an organic compound with the formula C9H10.  It is a colorless liquid hydrocarbon.  It is a petrochemical, a bicyclic compound.  It occurs at the level of about 0.1% in coal tar.  Many modified indanes are known.
Kindling hypothesis
Kindling hypothesis is the argument that some neurological and psychiatric conditions worsen due to repeated episodes of symptoms that cause neurological changes. These theories posit that if episodes continue without treatment, the threshold to trigger an epileptic seizure or mood episode in bipolar disorder will be lowered.

Kindling hypothesis of bipolar disorder, see biology of bipolar disorder

Kindling hypothesis of depression

Kindling model of epilepsy

Kindling (sedative–hypnotic withdrawal), for GABAnergic drugs

Kindling (sedative–hypnotic withdrawal)
Kindling due to substance withdrawal is the neurological condition which results from repeated withdrawal episodes from sedative–hypnotic drugs such as alcohol and benzodiazepines.

Each withdrawal leads to more severe withdrawal symptoms than in previous episodes. Individuals who have had more withdrawal episodes are at an increased risk of very severe withdrawal symptoms, up to and including seizures and death. Long-term activation of the GABA receptor by sedative–hypnotic drugs causes chronic GABA receptor downregulation as well as glutamate overactivity, which can lead to drug and neurotransmitter sensitization, central nervous system hyperexcitability, and excitotoxicity.
Soldiers of the King (film)
Soldiers of the King is a 1933 British historical comedy film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Cicely Courtneidge, Edward Everett Horton and Anthony Bushell. It was Courtneidge's fourth film, and the first she appeared in without her husband Jack Hulbert. Courtneidge plays the matriarch of a music hall family, in a plot that switches between the Victorian era and the 1930s present.

Filming began in August 1932. It was shot at Islington, Beaconsfield and Welwyn Studios. The film's art direction is by Alex Vetchinsky. It was popular enough to be re-issued in 1939.

Beaconsfield Film Studios
Beaconsfield Film Studios is a British television and film studio in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. The studios were operational as a production site for films in 1922, and continued producing films - and, later, TV shows - until the 1960s. Britain's first talking movie was recorded there, as were films starring British actors Gracie Fields, Peter Sellers and John Mills.

Since 1971 it has been the home of the National Film and Television School, an internationally recognized postgraduate school for film and TV production, famous as the birthplace of the animated characters Wallace and Gromit.
Elias Wakan
Elias Wakan (born April 20, 1945) is a constructivist sculptor working since 1996 on Gabriola Island, in British Columbia, Canada.  His sculptures are reminiscent of the work of Naum Gabo and others in the Russian Constructivist movement.  His wooden sculptures are assembled from as many as thousands of identical pieces of wood.  The unit shapes are straight edged, sometimes rectilinear, sometimes triangular, but once assembled produce curved, abstract, geometric sculptures.

Before moving to Gabriola, Wakan was one of two owners of Pacific-Rim Publishers, along with his wife, the poet, Naomi Wakan. Naomi was Nanaimo's Inaugural Poet Laureate.

Gabriola Island
Gabriola Island is one of the Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia in British Columbia (BC), Canada. It is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of Nanaimo on Vancouver Island, to which it is linked by a 20-minute ferry service. It has a land area of about 57.6 square kilometres (22.2 sq mi) and a resident population of 4,500.

Gabriola has public beaches and forests, shopping centres, restaurants, a library, an elementary school and a museum. It is known as the Isle of the Arts due to its high percentage of working artists, and its many cultural events include annual festivals related to art, poetry, gardens, music, boating and fishing. The Gabriola Arts Council produces three large annual events: the Isle of the Arts Festival (April), Cultivate Arts Festival (Summer) and Thanksgiving Studio Tour (October).
Regulated integral
In mathematics, the regulated integral is a definition of integration for regulated functions, which are defined to be uniform limits of step functions.  The use of the regulated integral instead of the Riemann integral has been advocated by Nicolas Bourbaki and Jean Dieudonné.

Step function
In mathematics, a function on the real numbers is called a step function if it can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals. Informally speaking, a step function is a piecewise constant function having only finitely many pieces.
Franz Gerhard Eschweiler
Franz Gerhard Eschweiler (1796 – 4 July 1831) was a German botanist.

Eschweiler was born in Cologne in 1796, the son of a district judge. After graduating from high school in Cologne, he first studied law in Bonn, but then switched to natural sciences and continued his studies at the University of Landshut. There he received his doctorate in medicine in 1824.

He then turned to botany and worked on the material collected by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in Brazil. In recognition of this collaboration, the Brazilian shrub genus Eschweilera was named after him.

Eschweiler worked in the Regensburg Botanical Society and from 1827 received a teaching position as a lecturer in natural history at the Royal Lyceum in Regensburg. This activity had to be interrupted several times due to his deteriorating health, and he died on 4 July 1831.

Regensburg Botanical Society
The Regensburg Botanical Society (Regensburgische Botanische Gesellschaft), founded 1790 in the city of Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany, is the oldest extant scientific society focused on botany. It was initially supported by the Prince-Archbishop Karl Theodor von Dalberg of Regensburg. Over the centuries the society has held scientific meetings, published scientific journals and had a botanic garden (until 1855), herbarium and library. In the twentieth century the society extended its role into nature conservation. It currently collaborates closely with the University of Regensburg.
MediSafe controversy
The MediSafe controversy refers to a public debate that emerged in Hong Kong between June and September 2025 after questions arose about the originality and data practices of MediSafe, a purportedly student-built artificial intelligence platform. The project was developed by Clarisse Poon, a Form Four student at the St. Paul's Co-educational College, and won several innovation awards in 2024 and 2025. Online discussion and media coverage later raised concerns about the project's authorship and use of patient data, prompting official investigations.

Digital Policy Office
The Digital Policy Office (DPO, Chinese: 數字政策辦公室) is an agency of the Hong Kong government established in 2024, in charge of policy and regulation of information technology, information security, telecommunications and strengthening digitalization in Hong Kong. The Digital Policy Office is established by merging the Office of the Government Chief Information Officer (OGCIO) and the Efficiency Office (EffO), both under the Innovation, Technology and Industry Bureau. The DPO is led by the Commissioner for Digital Policy ranked at Government Chief Information Officer (directorate grade 6).
Flying Object
Flying Object Center for Independent Publishing, Art, & the Book is a nonprofit community and literary arts center based in Hadley, Massachusetts. It was established in October, 2010, as a bookstore, gallery, and letterpress, and has since incorporated as a nonprofit.

In addition to publishing original letterpressed works such as artists' books, chapbooks, and record jackets, the organization hosts several independent publishers that share its space and resources.   Since opening, over 175 poets, writers, and musicians have performed there, including Eugene Ostashevsky, Dara Wier, James Tate, Susan Bernofsky, Christian Hawkey, Uljana Wolf, DA Powell, Kim Gordon, Aaron Kunin, Alex Phillips, Polina Barskova, & Thurston Moore.

Artist's book
Artists' books (or book art or book objects) are works of art that engage with and transform the form of a book. Some are mass-produced with multiple editions, and some in small editions, while others are produced as one-of-a-kind objects.

There is no single definition of an artist's book, and formulating a definition is cumbersome and subject to debate. Importantly, the creation of artists' books incorporates a variety of formats and genres. They have a complex history, with a particular focus and growth in contemporary artist movements. They also have recently grown in popularity, especially in art institutions, and have become popular in art library reference workshops. The exact definition and usage of artists' books has become more fluid and porous alongside the growth in popularity of artists' books.
Osmar Miguelucci
Osmar Abel Miguelucci (born November 15, 1941, in Argentina) is an Argentine former footballer who played as a goalkeeper for clubs in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, United States and Uruguay, as well as the Argentina national team at the 1963 Pan American Games in São Paulo, Brazil.

Club Atlético Platense
Club Atlético Platense is an Argentine sports club based in Florida, Buenos Aires. The club nickname is Calamar (Squid) after the journalist Palacio Zino said that the team moved "like a squid in its ink".

Although the club hosts many activities, Platense is mostly known for its football team. A historic team in Argentina, they won their first league title in their 120 years of existence in the 2025 Apertura, beating Huracán in the final.
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College
Lala Lajpat Rai Memorial Medical College or LLRMC is a state-run Medical College located in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is named after the Arya Samaj leader, Lala Lajpat Rai.

The college is affiliated with Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut and was established in 1966.

The college is situated on the Garh Road, Meerut.

Medical association
A medical association is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area (a country, region, province). In common-law countries, they are often grouped by medical specialties (cardiologists, surgeons, family doctors, etc.).

Medical associations act as a safeguard of the fundamental values of the medical profession: the deontological ethics and code of ethics. In addition to providing exclusive representation in national and international medical practitioners, a medical college is responsible for management and protection of the medical profession.

In most countries, licensing is usually required. A professional or college official is a public corporation of an industry association composed of persons exercising liberal professions and calls are usually covered by the state. Associate members are also known as colleges.
Custos Rotulorum of Cornwall
This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Cornwall.

Sir John Chamond ?–1544

Sir Richard Grenville 1544–1550

Sir John Arundell bef. 1558 – aft. 1558

Sir William Godolphin bef. 1562–1570

Peter Edgcumbe bef. 1573–1597

Sir Francis Godolphin 1597–1606

William Herbert, 3rd Earl of Pembroke 1606–1630

Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke 1630–1642

John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor 1642–1685 jointly with

Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath 1642–1654

John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath 1685–1696

Charles Robartes, 2nd Earl of Radnor 1696–1702

John Granville, 1st Baron Granville 1702–1705

Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin 1705–1710

Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester 1710–1711

Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Rochester 1711–1714

Charles Robartes, 2nd Earl of Radnor 1714–1723

vacant

Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe 1726–1758

For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Cornwall.

John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor
John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor PC (1606 – 17 July 1685) was an English politician, peer and military officer who fought for the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War. He retired from public life before the trial and execution of Charles I (1649) and did not take an active part in politics until after the Restoration in 1660. During the reign of Charles II he opposed the Cavalier party (because he wished for more tolerance of non-Anglican religious sects). Toward the end of his life he opposed the more extreme Protestant groups, led by Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, who refused to accept the succession of James because he was a self-declared Catholic.
2014–15 Australian Women's Twenty20 Cup
The 2014–15 Australian Women's Twenty20 Cup was the sixth and last formal season of the Australian Women's Twenty20 Cup, which was the premier domestic women's Twenty20 cricket competition in Australia prior to the inception of the Women's Big Bash League in 2015. The tournament started on 10 October 2014 and finished on 28 January 2015. The defending champions were Queensland Fire, who finished third. New South Wales Breakers won the tournament for the second time after finishing first in the group stage and beating Victorian Spirit in the final.

Queensland Fire
The Queensland women's cricket team, also known as the Konica Minolta Queensland Fire, is the women's representative cricket team for the Australian State of Queensland. They play most of their home games at Allan Border Field, Brisbane and they also use South Brisbane District Cricket Club's Fehlberg Oval and Kerrydale Oval, Robina. They compete in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL), the premier 50-over women's cricket tournament in Australia. They previously played in the now-defunct Australian Women's Twenty20 Cup and Australian Women's Cricket Championships.
Pic la Selle
Pic la Selle (French pronunciation: [pik la sɛl]; Haitian Creole: Pik Lasel), also called Morne La Selle, is the highest peak in Haiti at 2,680 metres (8,793 ft) above sea level. The mountain is part of the Chaîne de la Selle mountain range.  It is located in the Ouest administrative department.

Ouest (department)
Ouest (French, pronounced [wɛst] ⓘ) or Lwès (Haitian Creole; both meaning "West") is one of the ten departments of Haiti. It is located in south-central Haiti, linking the Great-North and the Tiburon Peninsula.

It is the jurisdictional seat of the national capital, the city of Port-au-Prince.

It has an area of 4,982.56 square kilometres (1,923.78 sq mi) and a population of 4,029,705 (2015 estimate), making it both the largest department by area and the most populated department in Haiti.