hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maulan Aerodrome
Maulan Aerodrome,  was a temporary World War I airfield in France, used by French units, and later by squadrons of the Air Service, United States Army. It was located 11 miles (18 km) south of the prefecture of  Bar-le-Duc, in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France.

Bar-le-Duc
Bar-le-Duc (French pronunciation: [baʁ lə 'dyk] ⓘ), formerly known as Bar, is a commune in the Meuse département, of which it is the capital. The department is in Grand Est in northeastern France.

The lower, more modern and busier part of the town extends along a narrow valley, shut in by wooded or vine-clad hills, and is traversed by the Ornain, which is crossed by several bridges. It is bordered on the north-east by the Marne–Rhine Canal and on the south-west by a small arm of the Ornain called the Canal des Usines, on the left bank of which the upper town (Ville Haute) is situated.

The highly rarefied Bar-le-duc jelly, also known as Lorraine jelly, is a spreadable preparation of white currant or red currant fruit preserves. First mentioned in the historical record in 1344, it is also colloquially referred to as "Bar caviar".
SS Burutu
A number of steamships were named Burutu, including

SS Burutu (1902), a British cargo ship that was lost in 1918 due to a collision with another ship.

SS Burutu (1918), a British cargo ship in service 1920–34

SS Burutu (1902)
SS Burutu was a British steamship, sunk after a collision with the steamship City of Calcutta off the coast of South Wales about 25 miles south-west of Bardsey Island in the Irish Sea on 3 October 1918.
Arturo Sampay
Arturo Enrique Sampay (1911 in Concordia, Entre Ríos – February 14, 1977 in La Plata), was an Argentine lawyer, constitutionalist and professor. He is considered the "father" of the Argentine Constitution of 1949.

Concordia, Entre Ríos
Concordia, officially San Antonio de Padua de la Concordia, is a city and municipality that is the head town of the Concordia department, Entre Ríos Province, located in the Argentine Mesopotamia. It has 179,203 inhabitants according to the 2022 census [INDEC], making it the second largest in its province, and the 24th largest in Argentina.
Sumanta Baruah
Sumanta Baruah is a cartoonist from India. His cartoons have been published in Current Science, Science Reporter, Resonance, Vigyan Jeuti, Drishti, Satsori, Journal of Assam Science Society, Prantik, Gonit Sora, Enajori and xahitya.org. His cartoons have been exhibited in two International Cartoon Festivals: 3rd Rhodes International Cartoon Exhibition, Greece (2006) and International Cartoon Festival, Iran (2006).

Science Reporter
Science Reporter  is a monthly popular science magazine that has been published in India since 1964 by the National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, a government agency based in New Delhi. It is published in English and is read principally in India and neighbouring countries.

The magazine was originally intended to make citizens aware of the research taking place in various scientific institutions in the country. It has now outgrown this initial agenda, becoming a popular science magazine that covers many national and international science issues. There are reports of current interest, as well as essays written by eminent national scientists on modern technologies, the country's science policy, and the like. Regular columns on science fiction, puzzles, hobby projects, crosswords are also present.
Philip Mason
Philip Mason, CIE, OBE, FRSL (19 March 1906 – 25 January 1999), was a British civil servant in India and writer. After a career in the Indian Civil Service which was cut short by Indian independence, he returned to England to take up farming and writing, later becoming involved in the nascent field of race relations. He is best known for his two-volume book on the British Raj, The Men Who Ruled India (written under the pseudonym 'Philip Woodruff', the latter being his mother's maiden name), and his study of the Indian Army, A Matter of Honour (1974).

Royal Society of Literature
The Royal Society of Literature (RSL) is a learned society founded in 1820 by King George IV to "reward literary merit and excite literary talent". A charity that represents the voice of literature in the UK, the RSL has about 800 Fellows, elected from among the best writers in any genre currently at work. Additionally, Honorary Fellows are chosen from those who have made a significant contribution to the advancement of literature, including publishers, agents, librarians, booksellers or producers. The society is a cultural tenant at London's Somerset House. The RSL is an independent charity and relies on the support of its Members, Patrons, Fellows and friends to continue its work.
1979 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships
The 1979 NCAA Men's Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships were contested May 29 − June 2 at the 57th annual NCAA-sanctioned track meet to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate Division I outdoor track and field events in the United States.

This year's meet was contested at Memorial Stadium at the University of Illinois in Champaign, Illinois, which hosted for the second time overall and for the first time since 1977.

After winning a co-championship in 1978, UTEP easily finished atop this year's team standings and claimed their third national title.

Champaign, Illinois
Champaign (/ˌʃæmˈpeɪn/ sham-PAYN) is a city in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. The population was 88,302 at the 2020 census. It is the tenth-most populous municipality in Illinois and the fourth most populous city in the state outside the Chicago metropolitan area. It is a principal city of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area, which had 236,000 residents in 2020.

Champaign shares the main campus of the University of Illinois with its twin city of Urbana, and is also home to Parkland College, which gives the city a large student population during the academic year. Due to the university and a number of technology startup companies, it is often referred to as a hub of the Illinois Silicon Prairie. Champaign houses offices for the Fortune 500 companies Abbott, Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), Caterpillar, John Deere, Dow Chemical Company, IBM, and State Farm. Champaign also serves as the headquarters for several companies, including Jimmy John's.
Kuźmy, Łódź Voivodeship
Kuźmy [ˈkuʑmɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dmosin, within Brzeziny County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) east of Dmosin, 17 km (11 mi) north of Brzeziny, and 31 km (19 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Brzeziny County
Brzeziny County (Polish: powiat brzeziński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It was created in 2002 out of the north-eastern part of Łódź East County. Its administrative seat and only town is Brzeziny, which lies 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 358.51 square kilometres (138.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 30,600, out of which the population of Brzeziny is 12,373 and the rural population is 18,227.
Fibrin monomer
Fibrin monomers are monomers of fibrin which are formed by the cleavage of fibrinogen by thrombin. Levels of fibrin monomers can be measured using blood tests and can serve as a marker of in vivo fibrinogenesis and coagulation activation. They may be useful in the evaluation of hypercoagulability, as reflected in research studies done using fibrin monomers.

Levels of fibrin monomers may be increased with pregnancy and by estrogen-containing combined birth control pills.

Monomer
A monomer (/ˈmɒnəmər/ MON-ə-mər; mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or two- or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.
Yakov Rubinstein
Yakov Evseevich (Shievich) Rubinstein (Russian: Рубинштéйн, Яков Евсéевич (Шиевич)) (1900 Warsaw – 1983 Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet art collector with main focus on the collection of Russian art of the first third of the 20th century.

Soviet art
Soviet art is the visual art style produced after the Russian Revolution of 1917 and during the existence of the Soviet Union, until its collapse in 1991. The Russian Revolution led to an artistic and cultural shift within Russia and the Soviet Union as a whole, including a new focus on socialist realism in officially approved art.
Kush & Orange Juice
Kush & Orange Juice (stylized as Kush and OJ) is the eighth mixtape by American rapper Wiz Khalifa. It was released on April 14, 2010, by Taylor Gang Records and Rostrum Records. Kush & Orange Juice gained notoriety after its official release by making it the number-one trending topic on both Google and Twitter. On the same day, a link to the mixtape was posted for download on Wiz’s Twitter. The hashtag #kushandorangejuice became the number-six trending topic on the microblogging service after its release and remained on the top trending items on Twitter for three days. On April 18, 2025, Khalifa released a sequel titled Kush & Orange Juice 2.

Taylor Gang Entertainment
Taylor Gang Entertainment is an American entertainment company. Co-founded by rapper Wiz Khalifa in 2008, it operates as an independent record label, music management, music production and film company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The record label is home to artists such as Wiz Khalifa, Berner, and Juicy J who serves as A&R for the label. TM88 is a producer for the label. The company is currently headquartered at ID Labs in Pittsburgh.
Glyn Meredith
Glyn Meredith (birth unknown) is a Welsh cricketer, and rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played representative cricket for Glamorgan County Cricket Club, and at club level for Newbridge Cricket Club and Wakefield Cricket Club at College Grove, club level rugby union (RU) for Abertillery RFC and Newbridge RFC, and club level rugby league (RL) for Wakefield Trinity, as a stand-off.

College Grove (sports ground)
College Grove sports ground is a multi sport facility in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. It is owned and run by Wakefield Sports Club (College Grove) Ltd.

The current main users of the ground are Wakefield Hockey Club, Wakefield Rifle and Pistol Club, Wakefield Bowls Club and Wakefield Squash Club.
Viscount Rothermere
Viscount Rothermere, of Hemsted in the county of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1919 for the press lord Harold Harmsworth, 1st Baron Harmsworth. He had already been created a baronet, of Horsey in the County of Norfolk, on 14 July 1910, and Baron Rothermere, of Hemsted in the County of Kent, in 1914. Every holder of the titles has served as chairman of Daily Mail and General Trust plc. As of 2022 the titles are held by the first Viscount's great-grandson, the fourth Viscount, who succeeded his father in 1998.

The first Viscount Rothermere was the younger brother of Alfred Harmsworth, 1st Viscount Northcliffe, and the elder brother of Cecil Harmsworth, 1st Baron Harmsworth, Sir Leicester Harmsworth, 1st Baronet, and Sir Hildebrand Harmsworth, 1st Baronet.

The family seat is Ferne House, near Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire.

Donhead St Andrew
Donhead St Andrew is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, on the River Nadder. It lies 4 miles (6.4 km) east of the Dorset market town of Shaftesbury. The parish includes the hamlets of West End, Milkwell and (on the A30) Brook Waters. In 2011 the parish has a population of 413.

Ferne House, on the site of a former manor house, is within the parish.
January (song)
"January" is a song by Scottish rock band Pilot. Written by the band's guitarist and singer David Paton and produced by Alan Parsons, it was released by EMI Records in January 1975 as the follow-up to the band's breakthrough single, "Magic". "January" gave Pilot their only number-one single in the UK, Ireland and Australia.

Alan Parsons
Alan Parsons OBE (born 20 December 1948) is an English audio engineer, songwriter, musician, singer and record producer.

Parsons was the sound engineer on albums including the Beatles' Abbey Road (1969) and Let It Be (1970), Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon (1973), and the eponymous debut album by Ambrosia in 1975. Parsons's own group, The Alan Parsons Project, as well as his subsequent solo recordings, have also been commercially successful. He has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards, with his first win occurring in 2019 for Best Immersive Audio Album for Eye in the Sky (35th Anniversary Edition).
Carlijn Schoutens
Carlijn Schoutens (born December 12, 1994) is a Dutch-American speed skater who qualified for the U.S. team at the 2018 Winter Olympics in the women's 3000 meter event, the women’s 5000 meter event and the Ladies Team Pursuit.

Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 5000 metres
The women's 5000 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung on 16 February 2018. The event was won by Esmee Visser, skating her first Olympic race. The defending champion Martina Sáblíková finished second. Natalya Voronina was third, also earning her first Olympic medal.
Kammel
The Kammel (German pronunciation: [ˈkaml̩] ⓘ) is a river in Bavaria, southern Germany. The Kammel originates west of Mindelheim, in the district Unterallgäu, and flows generally north. It flows into the Mindel (left tributary) south of Offingen at the Danube, east of Günzburg in the district Günzburg. So it is an indirect right tributary of the Danube. The difference in altitude between the origin and the mouth is 265 m.

Mindelheim
Mindelheim (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪndl̩ˌhaɪm] ⓘ; Swabian: Mindelhoi) is a town in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany. The town is the capital of the Unterallgäu district. At various points in history it was the chief settlement of an eponymous state.
The Village Lawyer
The Village Lawyer is a 1787 comedy play by the British writer George Colman the Elder, although it has also been mistakenly attributed to William Macready. A farce, it premiered as an afterpiece at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket in London on 28 August 1787. The Irish premiere took place at the Crow Street Theatre in Dublin on 5 August 1794 It was also staged at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. The original Haymarket cast included John Edwin as Sheepface, John Bannister as Scout, William Henry Moss as  Justice Mittimus, William Parsons as Snarl and Lydia Webb as Mrs Scout.

Lydia Webb
Lydia Webb (1736 or 1737-1793) was an English actress. She started acting in Norwich. She was married twice. First, she married a man named Mr. Day. Second, she married a Mr. Webb. Her first notable performance was on 21 November 1772 at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, performing in The West Indian. She died in 1793.
Aotearoa Music Award for Best Pop Artist
Best Pop Artist (Māori: Te Manu Taki Arotini o te Tau) is an Aotearoa Music Award that honours New Zealand artists for outstanding pop recordings.

The inaugural award was presented as Best Pop Album in 2010 to Gin Wigmore for her album Holy Smoke. In 2017, the award was changed to Best Pop Artist. The change was made to all the genre-specific awards, and was to reflect the changing release climate in which full albums had become less common. Under the new rules, an artist who has released "an album OR a minimum of five tracks" can be nominated.

Benee has the most awards with four wins, followed by Lorde, Kimbra, and Broods who have all won it twice each.

Gin Wigmore
Virginia Claire Wigmore (born 6 June 1986) is a New Zealand singer and songwriter. Featured on the  Smashproof single "Brother" in 2009, Wigmore went on to release four albums – Holy Smoke (2009), Gravel & Wine (2011), Blood to Bone (2015) and Ivory (2018) – with the first three having been chart-toppers on the New Zealand Albums Chart. She is known for her high pitched and raspy voice.
Polygamy in Mauritania
Under the personal status code, and Sharia law, polygyny is legal in Mauritania. A man can marry up to four women, but must obtain the consent of his existing wife/wives first. Polygamy is common within the Afro-Mauritanian and Berber Moorish population, occurring less frequently among the Arab Moorish population. A 2007 MICS3 reports that 10.7% of women aged 15-49 are in a polygamous union.

Polygyny
In Eritrea, India, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Sri Lanka polygyny is legal only for Muslims.

In Nigeria and South Africa, polygynous marriages based on customary law are legally recognized for Muslims.

In Mauritius, polygynous unions have no legal recognition. However, Muslim men may marry up to four women, but they do not have the legal status of wives.

Polygyny (/pəˈlɪdʒɪni/) is a form of polygamy entailing the marriage of a man to several women. The term polygyny is from Neoclassical Greek πολυγυνία (polugunía); from Ancient Greek  πολύ (polú) 'many' and  γυνή (gunḗ) 'woman, wife'.
Springwood State High School
Springwood State High School is a public, co-educational, high school, located in the Logan City suburb of Springwood, in Queensland, Australia. It is administered by the Department of Education, with an enrolment of 549 students and a teaching staff of 51, as of 2023. The school serves students from Year 7 to Year 12, and is home to one of fifteen air quality monitoring stations in South East Queensland.

Department of Education (Queensland)
The Department of Education is a ministerial department of the Queensland Government responsible for the administration and quality of education in Queensland, Australia. The department is composed of two separate portfolios, Education Queensland and Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). The department also encompasses the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority, a separate statutory authority responsible for creating syllabuses, curriculums, and assessment.
Maiden Erlegh Chiltern Edge
Maiden Erlegh Chiltern Edge (formerly Chiltern Edge Community School) is a coeducational secondary school located in Sonning Common, Oxfordshire, England.

Students come from Caversham, Emmer Green, Sonning Common, Henley on Thames, Shiplake and other nearby areas in both Oxfordshire and Berkshire.

Previously a community school and Language College administered by Oxfordshire County Council, in August 2018 Chiltern Edge Community School converted to academy status and was renamed Maiden Erlegh Chiltern Edge. The school is now sponsored by the Maiden Erlegh Trust.

Maiden Erlegh Chiltern Edge is also the location of the secondary department of Bishopswood School.

Oxfordshire County Council
Oxfordshire County Council is the county council (upper-tier local authority) for the non-metropolitan county of Oxfordshire in the South East of England. Established in 1889, it is an elected body responsible for most strategic local government services in the county.

Oxfordshire County Council provides a wide range of services, including education (schools, libraries and youth services), social services, public health, highway maintenance, waste disposal, emergency planning, consumer protection and town and country planning for matters to do with minerals, waste, highways and education. This makes it one of the largest employers in Oxfordshire, with a gross expenditure budget of £856.2 million in 2021–22.
George Cowie (politician)
George Cowie (August 25, 1828 – February 17, 1904) was an American farmer and politician.

Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Cowie was a miner. In 1848, he emigrated to the United States and settled in Pottsville, Pennsylvania, where  he continued to work as a miner. From 1850 to 1851, he lived in California, returning to Pottsville in 1851. In 1855, Cowie moved to Wisconsin and settled in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, where he had a farm. He helped set up the town of Glencoe, Wisconsin, which was named for the region in Scotland where Cowie's family came from. Cowie was the chairman of the Glencoe Town Board and was the postmaster of Glencoe. He also served on the Buffalo County Board of Supervisors. After defeating Republican candidate John Hauser in 1871, in 1872 Cowie served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was the first Democrat. In 1894, he retired and moved with his wife to Arcadia, Wisconsin. Cowie died on February 17, 1904, in Longmont, Colorado, while visiting a daughter.

Buffalo County, Wisconsin
Buffalo County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,317. Its county seat is Alma. The county was created in 1853 and organized the following year. The county is considered a high-farming concentration county by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, meaning at least 20 percent of its earnings came from agriculture.
19th United States Congress
The 19th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1825, to March 4, 1827, during the first two years of John Quincy Adams's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1820 United States census. The Senate had a majority of Jackson Men, while the House had an Anti-Jackson (pro-Adams) majority.

1820 United States census
The 1820 United States census was the fourth census conducted in the United States. It was conducted on August 7, 1820.  The 1820 census included six new states: Louisiana, Indiana, Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama and Maine.  There has been a district wide loss of 1820 census records for Arkansas Territory, Missouri Territory, and New Jersey.

The total population was determined to be 9,638,453, of which 1,538,022 were slaves.  The center of population was about 120 miles (193 km) west-northwest of Washington in Hardy County, Virginia (now in West Virginia).

This was the first census in which any states recorded a population of over one million—New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania—as well as the first in which a city recorded a population of over 100,000—New York. Also, in this census and the 14 subsequent ones, New York was the most populous state until being superseded by California in the 1970 census.
Caddell
Caddell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James Caddell (1794–1826), New Zealand Pākehā Māori, sealer and interpreter

Jason Caddell, guitarist in The Dismemberment Plan, a Washington D.C.–based indie rock band

John B. Caddell, after whom the ship John B. Caddell was named

Patrick Caddell (1950–2019), American public opinion pollster and a political film consultant

Shirley Caddell (1931–2010), American country music and rockabilly singer, yodeller, guitarist and songwriter

Trevor Caddell (born 1993), American professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Trevor Lee

Walter Caddell (1879–1944), British military officer

John B. Caddell
John B. Caddell, formerly YO-140, was a 712 gross register tonnage, 185-foot (56 m),  previously United States-flagged water tanker. The ship was wrecked on Staten Island due to the effects of Hurricane Sandy in New York.
Didymocyrtis (fungus)
Didymocyrtis is also a zoological genus of spumellarian Radiolaria.

Didymocyrtis is a genus of lichenicolous fungi in the family Phaeosphaeriaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio in 1921, with Didymocyrtis consimilis assigned as the type species.

Phaeosphaeriaceae
The Phaeosphaeriaceae are a family of fungi in the order Pleosporales. Species in the family have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are generally nectrotrophic or saprobic on a wide range of plants.

Wijayawardene et al. 2020 produced an update that recognized 82 genera.