hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gametogenesis
Gametogenesis is a biological process by which diploid or haploid precursor cells undergo cell division and differentiation to form mature haploid gametes. Depending on the biological life cycle of the organism, gametogenesis occurs by meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into various gametes, or by mitosis. For example, plants produce gametes through mitosis in gametophytes. The gametophytes grow from haploid spores after sporic meiosis. The existence of a multicellular, haploid phase in the life cycle between meiosis and gametogenesis is also referred to as alternation of generations.

It is the biological process of gametogenesis during which cells that are haploid or diploid divide to create other cells. It can take place either through mitotic or meiotic division of diploid gametocytes into different cells depending on an organism's biological life cycle. For instance, gametophytes in plants undergo mitosis to produce gametes. Both male and female have different forms.

Ovule
In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the integument, forming its outer layer, the nucellus (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the female gametophyte (formed from a haploid megaspore) in its center. The female gametophyte — specifically termed a megagametophyte — is also called the embryo sac in angiosperms. The megagametophyte produces an egg cell for the purpose of fertilization. The ovule is a small structure present in the ovary. It is attached to the placenta by a stalk called a funicle. The funicle provides nourishment to the ovule. On the basis of the relative position of micropyle, body of the ovule, chalaza and funicle, there are six types of ovules.
Bishopton
Bishopton can refer to the following places:

Canada

Bishopton, Quebec, a former village now part of the municipality of Dudswell

England

Bishopton, County Durham, a village in the borough of Darlington
Bishopton Castle, a mediaeval castle in Bishopton, County Durham
St Peter's Church, Bishopton, County Durham

Bishopton, Warwickshire

Scotland

Bishopton, Renfrewshire, a village
Bishopton railway station, Renfrewshire
ROF Bishopton, a former explosives factory at Bishopton, Renfrewshire

Bishopton, Wigtownshire

United States

Bishopton (Church Hill, Maryland), a historic home located at Church Hill, Queen Anne's County, Maryland

Bishopton, Renfrewshire
Bishopton (/bɪʃəptən/) (Scots: Bishoptoun; Scottish Gaelic: Baile an Easbaig) is a village in Renfrewshire, Scotland. It is located around 2 miles (3 km) west of Erskine. Royal Ordnance Factory Bishopton was located on the edge of the village and is now being redeveloped as private housing into a community named Dargavel.
East Coast Rising
East Coast Rising is an American comic book published as an original graphic novel by Tokyopop in 2006. It is both written and drawn by Eisner Award nominated artist Becky Cloonan. Done in the style of manga, the comic follows the adventures of punk rock pirates on the East Coast of the United States, in a world where New Jersey and New York City has become submerged.

Eisner Awards
The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards, commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards, are awards for creative achievement in American comic books. They are regarded as the most prestigious and significant awards in the comic industry and often referred to as the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards.

The first Eisners were conferred in 1988, for works published in 1987. The Eisner Awards ceremony has been held at San Diego Comic-Con every year since 1991. The awards are named in honor of pioneering cartoonist and writer Will Eisner, who was a regular participant in the ceremony until his death in 2005.

The nominations in each category are generated by a five- to six-member jury, then voted on by comic book professionals. The jury often consists of at least one comics retailer, one librarian (since 2005), and one academic researcher, among other comic experts. As of 2021, awards are presented in 32 categories.
Midparent
In human genetics the midparent value of a trait is defined as the average of the trait value of the father and a scaled version of that of the mother. This value can be used in a study to analyze the data set without heeding sex effects. Studying quantitative traits in heritability studies may be complicated by sex differences observed for the trait.

Well-known examples include studies of humans' height, whose midparent value hmp is given by:

where hf is the father's height, and hm the mother's.

The coefficient 1.08 serves as a scaling factor. After the 1.08 scaling, the mean of the mother's height is the same as that of the father's, and the variance is closer to the father's; in this way, sex difference can be ignored.

Average
In mathematics, average means arithmetic mean (aka expected value), though occasionally it is instead used to mean other central values such as median, mode, geometric mean, or harmonic mean.  Outside of mathematics, it can mean common, typical, or normal.
Albert Wiggins
Albert Marcus Wiggins Jr. (May 27, 1935 – June 1, 2011) was the first American swimmer to win Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) national championships in three strokes: butterfly, backstroke and freestyle. He set four world records in the 100-meter and 100-yard butterfly, and in total won eight AAU titles. He also participated in the 1956 Summer Olympics and finished seventh in the 100-meter backstroke event. Although he was recognized as a world top medley swimmer, this event became Olympic only in 1964.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Jamal Abro
Jamaluddin Abro, (Sindhi: جمال الدين ابڙو – Urdu: جمال الدین ابڑو) also known as Jamal Abro (2 May 1924 – 30 June 2004, Larkana, Pakistan) was a Sindhi writer. He was born in Sangi, a small village in Mehar Taluka, then part of Dadu District.

Dadu District
Dadu District (Sindhi: ضلعو دادو, Urdu: ضلع دادو) is a district in the Sindh Province of Pakistan. With headquarters in the city of Dadu, the district was created in 1931 by merging Kotri and Mahal Kohistan (later Jamshoro) tehsils from Karachi District and Mehar, Khairpur Nathan Shah, Dadu, Johi and Sehwan tehsils from Larkana District.

In 2004, several talukas in the south were split off to create the new Jamshoro District. Its boundary touches four districts of Sindh: Jamshoro, Naushahro Feroze, Shaheed Benazirabad and Kamber Shahdadkot.

The main languages spoken in Dadu are Sindhi, Balochi and Urdu. Some of the popular tourist attractions in the district include the Gorakh Hill and Manchar Lake.
1974–75 Bulgarian Cup
The 1974–75 Bulgarian Cup was the 35th season of the Bulgarian Cup (in this period the tournament was named Cup of the Soviet Army). Slavia Sofia won the competition, beating Lokomotiv Sofia 3–2 in the final at the Vasil Levski National Stadium.

Vasil Levski National Stadium
Vasil Levski National Stadium (Bulgarian: Национален стадион „Васил Левски“), named after Bulgarian national hero and revolutionary Vasil Levski (1837–1873), is the country's second largest stadium. The stadium has 43,230 seats and is located in the centre of Sofia, on the territory of the city's oldest and most famous park - the Borisova gradina.
The Bulgaria national football team's home matches and the Bulgarian Cup finals are held at the venue, as well as athletics competitions. It was used as the home venue for Levski Sofia's Champions League games, and is often used for important derbies between the big clubs from Sofia, instead of their own home stadiums.
Mira Markström
Mira Markström (born January 30, 2005) is a Swedish ice hockey defenceman and member of the Swedish national under-18 ice hockey team, currently playing on a junior contract with HV71 Dam of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). She also plays floorball with Jönköpings IK.

On 21 April 2023, Mira Markström announced her retirement from ice hockey while continuing playing floorball.

Swedish Women's Hockey League
The Swedish Women's Hockey League (Swedish: Svenska damhockeyligan), abbreviated SDHL, is the elite league for women's ice hockey in Sweden. It was established in 2007 as the Riksserien by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association and was renamed prior to the 2016–17 season. The league has ten teams and employs a system of promotion and relegation with the Nationella Damhockeyligan (NDHL). The unexpected withdrawal of Göteborg HC after playing only thirteen games of the 2022–23 season caused the number of teams to decrease to nine for the remainder of that season.

Bodychecking was allowed for the 2022–23 season  and goal cameras were introduced for the 2024–2025 season.
Dendropithecus
Dendropithecus is an extinct genus of apes native to East Africa between 20 and 15 million years ago. Dendropithecus was originally suggested to be related to modern gibbons, based primarily on similarities in size, dentition, and skeletal adaptations. However, further studies have shown that Dendropithecus lacks derived hominoid traits. Instead, the traits shared between this taxon and modern primates are primitive for all catarrhines. Dendropithecus is now considered to be a stem catarrhine, too primitive to be closely related to any modern primates.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
Delta Park/Vanport station
Delta Park/Vanport is a light rail station on the MAX Yellow Line in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is the 9th stop northbound on the Interstate MAX extension and is in the area of Delta Park, formerly the site of the city of Vanport.  It is located between Portland International Raceway on the west and Interstate 5 on the east and is at the north end of the Vanport Bridge, which spans the Columbia Slough and an industrial area.

The station platforms are to the sides of the tracks.  Beyond them are two park and ride lots to the west and bus bays connected to an I-5 off-ramp to the east.  As of 2018, one C-Tran bus route and one TriMet bus route serve this station.

Artwork at the station references the 1948 Vanport Flood, even utilizing bronzed artifacts found on the construction site.

Delta Park
Delta Park is a public municipal park complex in north Portland in the U.S. state of Oregon. Delta Park is composed of two distinct sections referred to as East and West Delta Park. The Owens Sports Complex is a notable attraction of East Delta Park, bringing teams from across the West Coast to compete in an array of sports.
Jerzy Zawisza
Jerzy Zawisza (born 19 December 1943 in Borek Wielki) is a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005, getting 5338 votes in 15 Tarnów district as a candidate from the Samoobrona Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej list.

Borek Wielki
Borek Wielki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈbɔrɛk ˈfjɛlkʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sędziszów Małopolski, within Ropczyce-Sędziszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.
Kaley Nolz
Kaley Nolz (born 1995 or 1996) is an American politician. She serves as a Republican member for the 20th district in the South Dakota House of Representatives since 2025. Her district contains the city of Mitchell, South Dakota. Nolz was South Dakota Beef Ambassador.

Mitchell, South Dakota
Mitchell (Lakota: Čhaŋkȟá-Ok'é) is a city in and the county seat of Davison County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 15,660 at the 2020 census making it the seventh most populous city in South Dakota.

Mitchell is the principal city of the Mitchell Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Davison and Hanson counties.
Điện Biên Phủ
Điện Biên Phủ (Vietnamese: [ɗîənˀ ɓīən fû] ⓘ, chữ Hán: 奠邊府) was a city in the northwestern region of Vietnam. It was the capital of Điện Biên Province before the 2025 Vietnamese administrative reform. The city is best known for the decisive Battle of Điện Biên Phủ, which occurred during the First Indochina War of independence against France. The region is a center of ethnic Tai culture. In prior history, the city was formerly called Muang Thaeng.

Điện Biên Phủ lies in Mường Thanh Valley, a 20 km (12 mi) long and 6 km (3.7 mi) wide basin sometimes described as "heart-shaped." It is on the western edge of Điện Biên Province, of which it is the capital, and is only about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the border with Laos.

Until the creation of the province in 2004, Điện Biên Phủ was part of Lai Châu Province. The Vietnamese government elevated Điện Biên Phủ to town status in 1992, and to city status in 2003.

Northwest (Vietnam)
Tây Bắc (literally "Northwest") is one of the regions of Vietnam, located in the mountainous northwestern part of the country. It consists of four provinces: Điện Biên, Lai Châu, Sơn La and Lào Cai.  It has a population of 4.9 million (2022) and it is fully landlocked.
Geng Jimao
Geng Jimao or Keng Chi-mao (Chinese: 耿繼茂; pinyin: Gěng Jìmào; died 1671) was a Chinese prince and military leader. He inherited the title  of "Jingnan Prince" (靖南王 Jingnan wang), meaning "Prince who pacifies the South", from his father Geng Zhongming, along with his lands. He then passed it on to his son Geng Jingzhong.

At the time of his father's suicide, Geng Jimao led an army of the Qing dynasty to fight the Southern Ming.

The "Dolo efu" (和碩額駙) rank was given to husbands of Qing princesses. Geng Jingmao managed to have both his sons Geng Jingzhong and Geng Zhaozhong (耿昭忠) become court attendants under the Shunzhi Emperor and have them married to Aisin Gioro women. Prince Abatai's granddaughter married Geng Zhaozhong, and Haoge's (a son of Hong Taiji) daughter married Geng Jingzhong.

Princess Roujia (和硕柔嘉公主), daughter of the Manchu Aisin Gioro Prince Yolo (岳樂), Prince An, was wedded to Geng Juzhong, another son of Geng Jingmao.

Abatai
Abatai (Manchu: ; 27 July 1589 – 10 May 1646) was a Manchu prince and military general of the early Qing dynasty. Although an inconsistent and dissolute malcontent, he nevertheless showed considerable ability as a military leader and administrator.
Mikey Kearney
Michael Kearney (born 19 September 1995) is an Irish hurler who plays for Waterford Senior Championship club Ballyduff Upper and at inter-county level with the Waterford senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a midfielder.

Waterford county hurling team
The Waterford county hurling team represents Waterford in hurling and is governed by Waterford GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Waterford's home grounds are Walsh Park, Waterford, and Fraher Field, Dungarvan. The team's manager is Peter Queally.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2010, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1959 and the National League in 2022.

The team is nicknamed the Déise men.
Soviet cruiser Krasny Krym
Krasny Krym (Russian: Красный Крым – Red Crimea) was a light cruiser of the Soviet Navy. She was laid down in 1913 as Svetlana for the Imperial Russian Navy, the lead ship of the Svetlana class. She was built by the Russo-Baltic Shipyard in Tallinn, Estonia, and launched in 1915. Her hull was evacuated to Petrograd when the Germans approached the port in late 1917 and laid up incomplete during the Russian Revolution. The ship was completed by the Soviets in 1926. During World War II she supported Soviet troops during the Siege of Odessa, Siege of Sevastopol, and the Kerch-Feodosiya Operation in the winter of 1941–42. Krasny Krym was awarded the Guards title on 18 June 1942. The ship was reclassified as a training ship in November 1954 before being scrapped in July 1959.

Siege of Odessa
The siege of Odessa, known to the Soviets as the defence of Odessa, lasted from 8 August until 16 October 1941, during the early phase of Operation Barbarossa, the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.

Odessa was a port on the Black Sea in the Ukrainian SSR. On 22 June 1941, the Axis powers invaded the Soviet Union. In August, Odessa became a target of the Romanian 4th Army and elements of the German 11th Army. Due to the heavy resistance of the Soviet 9th Independent Army and the rapidly formed Separate Coastal Army, supported by the Black Sea Fleet, it took the Axis forces 73 days of siege and four assaults to take the city. Romanian forces suffered 93,000 casualties, against Red Army casualties estimated to be between 41,000 and 60,000.

It is considered to be the "greatest independent success of the war by any minor Axis power".
Picture You Staring
Picture You Staring is the second studio album of Canadian indie group TOPS; Dazed debuted the album for streaming on August 28, 2014 before Arbutus Records released it to other formats on September 2, 2014. It was the fourth best album of 2014 according to Gorilla vs. Bear, the seventh best according to Dummy magazine, the 48th best per Stereogum, and 93rd as ranked by Crack Magazine.

Arbutus Records
Arbutus Records is a Montreal based record label and management company founded by Sebastian Cowan in 2009. The label is named after the street by the same name in Vancouver, where Cowan grew up. The label have also begun expanding outside of Montreal, signing international artist Σtella, from Athens, Greece, on April 16, 2019, and Toronto-based trio Rapport on August 28, 2019.
Dean Robinson (cricketer)
Dean Steven Robinson (born 12 November 1989) is a New Zealand cricketer who played first-class and List A cricket for Central Districts from 2011–12 to 2015–16.

Robinson was born in Stratford, Taranaki, and besides playing cricket is a schoolteacher. He started playing cricket for Taranaki in 2007. An opening or number three batsman, he holds the record for the highest score for Taranaki, which is 202. In 2022, while playing in the Chapple Cup, he reached his 100th game, only the fifth Taranaki player to do so. He announced his retirement from representative cricket in March 2025 after Taranaki's successful defence of the Hawke Cup, having become Taranaki's leading run-scorer, with 5,439, and leading century-scorer, with 16.

Robinson's highest score for Central Districts was 130 not out, when Central Districts defeated Canterbury in the 2011–12 Ford Trophy. His highest first-class score was 62, also against Canterbury, in the 2013–14 Plunket Shield season.

Canterbury cricket team
Canterbury is a first-class cricket team based in Canterbury, New Zealand. It is one of six teams that compete in senior New Zealand Cricket competitions and has been the second most successful domestic team in New Zealand history. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition and The Ford Trophy one day competition as well as in the Men's Super Smash competition as the Canterbury Kings.
Max Grace
Max Grace (born 14 December 1942) is a former New Zealand cyclist. He competed in the individual road race and team time trial events at the 1964 Summer Olympics. In 1969 Grace switched nationalities to Canadian and went on to win three Canadian National Championships.

Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. It was held on 22 October 1964. The course, just short of 25 kilometres, was covered 8 times for a total distance of 194.832 kilometres. 132 cyclists from 35 nations competed. The maximum number of cyclists per nation was four. The event was won by Mario Zanin of Italy, the nation's second victory in the men's individual road race and third consecutive Games in the top two. Kjell Rodian earned Denmark's first medal in the event with his silver. Walter Godefroot's bronze was Belgium's fifth medal in five Games (with 2 in 1952 making up for missing the podium in 1956).
Knudtzon
Knudtzon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Annelise Knudtzon (1914–2006), Norwegian textile artist

Birger Knudtzon (born 1936), retired Norwegian rower

Broder Knudtzon (1788–1864), Norwegian merchant, politician and benefactor

Erling Knudtzon (born 1988), Norwegian football midfielder

Hans Carl Knudtzon (1751–1823), Norwegian merchant, ship-owner and politician

Jørgen Alexander Knudtzon (1854–1917), Norwegian linguist and historian

Jørgen von Cappelen Knudtzon (1784–1854), Norwegian businessman and patron of the arts

Leif Knudtzon (1895–1925), Norwegian modern pentathlete

Nic Knudtzon (1922–2013), Norwegian telecommunications engineer

Birger Knudtzon
Jens Birger Knudtzon (born 19 February 1936) is a retired Norwegian rower.

He was born in Oslo. Representing the club Bærum RK, he finished ninth in the coxed four event at the 1964 Summer Olympics.

He resides in Oslo, and has a fortune of about US$6.2 million.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania were held on November 3, 2020, to elect the 18 U.S. representatives from the state of Pennsylvania, one from each of the state's 18 congressional districts. The state's primary election occurred on June 2, 2020. The elections coincided with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections.

J Street
J Street (Hebrew: ג'יי סטריט) is a nonprofit liberal Zionist advocacy and lobby group based in the United States whose aims include strengthening Jewish democracy in Israel, promoting a diplomatic end to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict with a two-state solution, and opposing the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement.

J Street describes itself as "the political home for pro-Israel, pro-peace Americans who want Israel to be secure, democratic and the national home of the Jewish people". Many right-wing and Zionist critics allege that J Street and the policies they support are anti-Israel. At the same time, Left-wing and anti-Zionist movements criticize J Street's positions supporting Zionism and aid to Israel, its rejection of Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions and human rights organizations' allegations of a Gaza genocide, and past efforts against Palestinian statehood.