hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oskar Antze
Oskar (Oscar) Hans Antze (24 October 1878 – 23 April 1962 ) was a German chess player.

Antze was born in Cologne, the son of a physician. After his Abitur he had a Medical education at the University of Marburg, the University of Kiel and the Humboldt University of Berlin, receiving a Doctorate (Dr. med.). From 1900–1962 he had a Doctor's office in Bremen.

He shared 1st with Hugo Süchting at Kiel 1900 (Quadrangular); took 4th at Hamburg 1905 (Quadrangular); took 4th at Bremen 1906 (Quadrangular); won at Leipzig 1913.

After World War I, Dr. Antze tied for 3rd–5th at Bad Oeynhausen 1922 (22nd DSB–Congress, Ehrhardt Post won); took 6th at Hannover 1926 (Aron Nimzowitsch won); drew a short match with Efim Bogoljubow (1 : 1) at Bremen 1927; tied for 8th–9th at Duisburg 1929 (26th DSB–Congress, Carl Ahues won); took 8th at Bad Aachen 1934 (2nd GER-ch, Carl Carls won); took 4th at Bremen 1933 (Quadrangular). He died in Bremen in 1962.

Doctor's office
A doctor's office in American English, a doctor's surgery in British English, or a doctor's practice, is a medical facility in which one or more medical doctors, usually general practitioners (GP), receive and treat patients.
2005 Amputee Football World Cup
The 2005 Amputee Football World Cup was the 13th edition of the biennial international competition of amputee football national men's teams. It was organized by the World Amputee Football Federation (WAFF), and was held in Niterói, Brazil between 13 and 21 August 2005.

Brazil won the title for the third time, defeating Russia in the final. England became bronze medalist before Ukraine.

Amputee football
Amputee football is a disabled sport played with seven players on each team (six outfield players and one goalkeeper). Outfield players have lower extremity amputations, and goalkeepers have an upper extremity amputation. Outfield players use loftstrand (forearm) crutches, and play without their prostheses.
Summit Mall
Summit Mall is a one-story, 850,000-square-foot (79,000 m2)  enclosed shopping mall located at 3265 West Market Street in the Akron suburb of Fairlawn, and with the closing of both Chapel Hill Mall and Rolling Acres Mall, is the only remaining mall in Summit County.

Edward J. DeBartolo Sr.'s DeBartolo Corporation built the mall, which opened on October 28, 1965. Today, it is owned by Simon Property Group. Currently, Summit Mall contains 110 stores (of which 104 are currently occupied) and a food court. The anchor stores are Macy's and two Dillard's locations (Dillard's and Dillard's Men's and Children's).

Dillard's
Dillard's, Inc. is an American department store chain founded in 1938 by William T. Dillard. It is headquartered in Little Rock, Arkansas, and operates approximately 272 stores in 30 states. Currently, the largest number of stores are located in Texas with 57 and Florida with 42.
Gilbert Morgan Smith
Gilbert Morgan Smith (6 January 1885, Beloit, Wisconsin – 11 July 1959) was a botanist and phycologist, who worked primarily on the algae. He was best known for his books, particularly the Freshwater Algae of the United States, the Marine Algae of the Monterey Peninsula and the two volumes of Cryptogamic Botany.

Cryptogam
A cryptogam (scientific name Cryptogamae) is a plant, in the broad sense of the word, or a plant-like organism that shares similar characteristics, such as being multicellular, photosynthetic, and primarily immobile, that reproduces via spores rather than through flowers or seeds.

This broader definition can include algae, fungi, and certain bacteria (like cyanobacteria), even though they may belong to different biological kingdoms.
Ribera del Fresno
Ribera del Fresno is a municipality located in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. As of 2009, the municipality has a population of 3,466 inhabitants.

It is the hometown of friar Juan Macias.

Province of Badajoz
The province of Badajoz (Spanish: provincia de Badajoz [baðaˈxoθ] ⓘ; Portuguese: província de Badajoz [bɐðɐˈʒɔʃ]) is a province of western Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura. It was formed in 1833. It is bordered by the provinces of Cáceres in the north, Toledo, Ciudad Real in the east, Córdoba in the south-east, Seville, and Huelva in the south and Portugal in the west.

With an area of 21,766 km2 (8,404 sq mi), it is the largest province in Spain. The other province of Extremadura, Cáceres, is the second largest with 19,868 km2 in area. The province has a relatively lower population density in comparison to other provinces in Spain.

As of 2021, the province has a population of 669,943 inhabitants. Its capital is the city of Badajoz.
Suprameatal spine
The inner end of the external acoustic meatus is closed, in the recent state, by the tympanic membrane; the upper limit of its outer orifice is formed by the posterior root of the zygomatic process, immediately below which there is sometimes seen a small spine, the suprameatal spine also called the spine of Henle, situated at the upper and posterior part of the orifice.

Ear canal
The ear canal (external acoustic meatus, external auditory meatus, EAM) is a pathway running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The adult human ear canal extends from the auricle to the eardrum and is about 2.5 centimetres (1 in) in length and 0.7 centimetres (0.3 in) in diameter.
Dirgha Agama
The Dīrgha Āgama is one of the Buddhist Āgamas. It corresponds to the Dīgha Nikāya of the Pāli Canon.

A Chinese translation of the text attributed to the Dharmaguptaka school is included in the Chinese Buddhist canon. This translation was completed by Buddhayaśas and Zhu Fonian in the Later Qin dynasty, dated to 413 CE. This recension consists of 30 sūtras in contrast to the 34 suttas of the Dīgha Nikāya of the Pāli Canon. The original Sanskrit text of the Dharmaguptaka recension is lost. However, in the 1990s, extensive fragments of a Sarvāstivādin Sanskrit recension of the Dīrgha Āgama text were discovered. Portions of the Sarvāstivādin recension also survive in Tibetan translation.

Classical Tibetan
Classical Tibetan is a liturgical language of Tibetan Buddhism that dates from the 9th century. It particularly refers to the language of early canonical texts translated from other languages, especially Sanskrit. It is one of the handful of 'living' classical languages along with Arabic, Ge'ez, and New Persian, though it meaningfully differs from Modern Standard Tibetan.
Broad Bottom ministry
The Broad Bottom ministry was the factional coalition government of Great Britain between 1744 and 1754. It was led by the two Pelham brothers in Parliament, Prime Minister Henry Pelham in the House of Commons and Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle in the House of Lords.

Early in 1746 George II wished a change of prime minister, and Pelham lost power, but only briefly. On returning to office he put in place a strengthened broad coalition of Whigs. The second Broad Bottom administration lasted from Pelham's resumption of power until his death in 1754.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Robinett
Robinett is a surname. It is derived from the given name Robin, French diminutive of Robert. Notable people with the surname include:

Paul Robinett (born 1970s?), American Internet personality

Paul McDonald Robinett (1893-1975), U.S. Army general of World War II

Stephen Robinett (1941–2004), American writer

Thomas Robinett (born 1949), American politician, member of the Kansas House of Representatives

Warren Robinett (born 1951), American video game designer

Florence M. Voegelin (1927–1989), also known as Florence M. Robinett, American anthropologist and linguist

Robin (name)
Robin is a unisex given name and a surname. It was originally a diminutive masculine given name or nickname of Robert, derived from the prefix Ro-  (Old Frankish: hrod, meaning 'fame' and berht, meaning 'bright'), and the suffix -in (Old French diminutive). There are several common variations, including Robyn, Robbin, Robine, Robyne, Robynne, and Robbyn.  Robin has its origin in France and is also a very common surname in France. Robin is occasionally found as a surname in English-speaking countries. Common nicknames are Rob, Robbie or Bobby.

In Europe, although it is sometimes regarded as a feminine name, it is generally given to boys. In 2014, 88% of babies named Robin in England were boys. In the United States, it used to be more popular as a feminine name. Around its peak popularity in 1956, it was the 29th most popular name for girls and the 143rd most popular name for boys. The gender gap has narrowed as the name has become generally less popular.
2014 Macanese Chief Executive referendum
An unofficial two-part referendum on the Chief Executive of Macau was held in August 2014. Organised by Macau Conscience, Macao Youth Dynamics and Open Macau Society, it asked whether voters supported reforming how the Chief Executive was elected and whether they had confidence in Fernando_Chui, the sole candidate in the 2014 election.  Following the organisers' announcement of the proposed referendum, the Macau Government and the Macau Liaison Office issued statements condemning the referendum as "illegal and unconstitutional".  Members of the organising committee and volunteers of the referendum were arrested by the police.  Despite the forced closure of physical polling stations, the referendum went ahead online between 24 August 2014 and 31 August 2014.  The organisers announced that 
8,688 (96%) voted in favour of universal suffrage for the 2019 election and 7,762 (89%) voted having no confidence in Fernando Chui.

Chief Executive of Macau
The chief executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region (Chinese: 澳門特別行政區行政長官; Portuguese: Chefe do Executivo da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau) is the head of government of Macau, a special administrative region of China. The position replaced the office of Governor of Macau, the former head of Macau as an overseas province of Portugal. Under the Basic Law of Macau, the chief executive's role is to:

...be the head of the Macau Special Administrative Region and shall represent the Region. The Chief Executive of the Macau Special Administrative Region shall be accountable to the Central People's Government and the Macau Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

The current chief executive is Sam Hou Fai. His office is located at the Macau Government Headquarters, formerly the Governor's House (from 1883 to 1926) and the Governor's office (from 1926 to 1999). The CE has used this as his office since 2009.
Ernst Glaser
Ernst Glaser (24 February 1904 – 3 April 1979) was a German / Norwegian violinist, orchestra conductor and music teacher, married to the pianist Kari Aarvold Glaser. He was the father of the pianist Liv Glaser and the cellist Ernst Simon Glaser, both Norwegian classical musicians.

Lists of violinists
The following lists of violinists are available on Wikipedia:

List of classical violinists

List of contemporary classical violinists

List of jazz violinists

List of popular music violinists

List of Indian violinists

List of Persian violinists

List of electric violinists

List of fiddlers

List of female violinists
Dhamar, Yemen
Dhamar (Arabic: ذَمَار, romanized: Ḏamār; Old South Arabian: 𐩹𐩣𐩧 Ḏmr) is a city in south-western Yemen. It is located at 14°33′0″N 44°24′6″E﻿ / ﻿14.55000°N 44.40167°E﻿ / 14.55000; 44.40167, at an elevation of around 2,400 m (7,900 ft).

Ancient South Arabian script
The Ancient South Arabian script (Old South Arabian: 𐩣𐩯𐩬𐩵, romanized: ms3nd; modern Arabic: الْمُسْنَد musnad) branched from the Proto-Sinaitic script in about the late 2nd millennium BCE, and remained in use through the late sixth century CE. It is an abjad, a writing system where only consonants are obligatorily written, a trait shared with its predecessor, Proto-Sinaitic, as well as some of its sibling writing systems, including Arabic and Hebrew.  It is a predecessor of the Ge'ez script, and a sibling script of the Phoenician alphabet and, through that, the modern Latin, Cyrillic, and Greek alphabets.

The script is really two variants: the monumental and the minuscule script, the former for inscriptions, the latter scratched with wooden sticks. The scripts have a common origin but evolved into separate systems.
Malta Bend (album)
Malta Bend is the fourth studio album by American rapper Stevie Stone. It was released on June 30, 2015, via Strange Music, marking his third studio album for the label. Production was handled by Seven, Deji LaRay, Jeffery "Frizz" James, J. White Did It, Ben Cybulsky, ¡Mayday!, RCM2, TeeJayDaGreat and Thomas "Tom" Burns. It features guest appearances from Darrein Safron, Tech N9ne, Ces Cru, Glasses Malone, Kevin Gates, King Harris, Mystikal, Peetah Morgan, Tyler Lyon and Ya Boy.

The album debuted at number 193 on the Billboard 200, number 15 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, number 9 on the Top Rap Albums and number 12 on the Independent Albums charts in the United States.

Kevin Gates
Kevin Jerome Gilyard (born February 5, 1986), known professionally as Kevin Gates, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur. He is currently signed to Bread Winners' Association with a partnership with Atlantic Records. His debut studio album, Islah, released in January 2016 and peaked at number two on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart. Prior to Islah, Gates also released a number of mixtapes, including Stranger Than Fiction (2013), By Any Means (2014), and Luca Brasi 2 (2014), all of which peaked in the top 40 on the Billboard 200 chart.
Ogar Siamupangila
Ogar Siamupangila (born 1 September 1988) is a Zambian badminton player. She was the bronze medalist at the 2007 All-Africa Games in the mixed doubles event partnered with Eli Mambwe. Siamupangila represented her country at the 2006, 2010 and 2018 Commonwealth Games.

Badminton at the 2010 Commonwealth Games
The badminton events at the 2010 Commonwealth Games took place at Siri Fort Sports Complex and Saket Sports Complex in New Delhi from 4–14 October 2010. The games featured six badminton events – singles and doubles for men and women, mixed doubles and mixed teams.
George Egerton, 2nd Earl of Ellesmere
George Granville Francis Egerton, 2nd Earl of Ellesmere (15 June 1823 – 19 September 1862), styled Viscount Brackley between 1846 and 1857, was a British peer and Conservative politician from the Egerton family.

Egerton was the eldest son of Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere and was educated at Christ Church, Oxford and Trinity College, Cambridge. On 29 April 1846, he married Lady Mary Campbell (a daughter of the 1st Earl Cawdor) and they had two sons, Hon. Francis Charles Granville (1847–1914) and Hon. Alfred John Francis (1854–1890), Member of Parliament for Eccles.

In 1847, Lord Brackley became Member of Parliament for North Staffordshire and held the seat until 1851 when he resigned due to ill health.  In 1857, he inherited his father's titles and on his own death in 1862, was succeeded by his eldest son, Francis.

North Staffordshire (UK Parliament constituency)
North Staffordshire (formally the Northern division of Staffordshire) was a county constituency in the county of Staffordshire.  It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the bloc vote system.
Daneau
Daneau is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charlotte Daneau de Muy (1694–1759), Canadian ursuline and annalist

Lambert Daneau (1530–1590), French jurist and Calvinist theologian

Normand Daneau, Canadian actor and screenwriter

Suzanne Daneau (1901–1971), Belgian pianist and composer

Normand Daneau
Normand Daneau is a Canadian actor and screenwriter from Quebec. He is most noted for his performance as Pierre in the 2009 film Suzie, for which he was a Jutra Award nominee for Best Supporting Actor at the 12th Jutra Awards in 2010, and as cowriter with Geneviève Simard of the television miniseries The Disappearance, for which they received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Writing in a Dramatic Program or Miniseries at the 6th Canadian Screen Awards in 2018.

He is a 1992 graduate of the Conservatoire d'art dramatique de Québec.
Onchon Field
Onchon Field is a 50,000 ha wetland site in South Pyongan Province of North Korea. It contains freshwater wetlands, rice paddies and salt pans. It has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports populations of swan geese, greater white-fronted geese, whooper swans, black-faced spoonbills, Chinese egrets, great bustards, white-naped cranes, hooded cranes and red-crowned cranes. It is threatened by agricultural intensification, aquacultural development and human disturbance.

Greater white-fronted goose
The greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons) is a species of goose, closely related to the smaller lesser white-fronted goose (A. erythropus). The greater white-fronted goose is migratory, breeding in northern Canada, Alaska, Greenland, and Russia, and winters farther south in North America, Europe, and Asia. It is named for the patch of white feathers bordering the base of its bill;  its specific name albifrons comes from the Latin albus "white" and frons "forehead".  In the United Kingdom and Ireland, it has been known as the white-fronted goose; in North America, it is known as the greater white-fronted goose (or "greater whitefront"), and this name is also increasingly adopted internationally. Even more distinctive are the salt-and-pepper markings on the breast of adult birds, which is why the goose is colloquially called the "specklebelly" in North America.
Edward H. C. Wilson
Edward Hancock Custis Wilson (August 6, 1820 – November 1, 1870) was a justice of the Michigan Supreme Court from 1856 to 1857.

Born on the Eastern Shore of Maryland, Wilson graduated from Washington & Jefferson College in Pennsylvania at age 18, where he was a classmate of Clement Vallandigham, and then read law to be admitted to the Maryland bar. He moved to Michigan in 1845, where he was prosecuting attorney for Hillsdale County, and for two terms circuit judge.

In November 1856, Governor Kinsley S. Bingham appointed Wilson to a seat on the Michigan Supreme Court vacated by the resignation of Warner Wing. Wilson served for "a little more than a year". Wilson thereafter served as a circuit judge of the Michigan 1st Circuit Court from 1858 to 1863. He died in Denver, Colorado, at the age of 50.

Washington & Jefferson College
Washington & Jefferson College (W&J College or W&J) is a private liberal arts college in Washington, Pennsylvania, United States. It traces its origin to three Presbyterian missionaries of the 1780s, John McMillan, Thaddeus Dod, and Joseph Smith, whose early schools evolved into two rival institutions: Washington College in Washington, and Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The two colleges merged in 1865 to form Washington & Jefferson College.

The 60-acre (24 ha) Washington & Jefferson College campus has more than 40 buildings, with the oldest dating to 1793. The college enrolled over 1,100 students as of fall 2022. It has a longstanding tradition of literary societies, dating back before the union of the two colleges. Nearly all of the college's students live on campus, and roughly one-third are members of fraternities or sororities. The W&J athletic program competes in NCAA Division III.
Greenwood Garden Playhouse
Greenwood Garden Playhouse was a theater on Peaks Island, Maine, United States. Completed in 1884, as an open-air roller skating rink, it was converted to a theater in 1898. It became a dance hall prior to its closure in 1957 as a summer stock theater. Jean Stapleton's first professional appearance in the summer of 1941 was in a production at the playhouse. Martin Landau also made his professional stage debut in a 1951 production of Detective Story at Greenwood Garden, where for several seasons he was a resident cast member.

Its grounds featured a carousel, a Ferris wheel and a wooden observation tower, which people paid to be able to view Mount Washington, the highest mountain in the Northeastern United States.

The playhouse was located on Garden Place, just off Island Avenue, near the southwestern tip of the island.

In 2021, the garden was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Observation tower
An observation tower is a tower used to view events from a long distance and to create a full 360 degree range of vision to conduct long distance observations. Observation towers are usually at least 20 metres (66 ft) tall and are made from stone, iron, and wood. Many modern towers are also used as TV towers, restaurants, or churches. The towers first appeared in the ancient world, as long ago as the Babylonian Empire.

Observation towers that are used as guard posts or observation posts over an extended period to overlook an area are commonly called watchtowers instead.

Similar instances of observation towers are recognised as crow's nests, observatories, viewing platforms, etc.
History of civil rights in the United States
The history of civil rights in the United States consists of noted events such as the passage of legislation and organized efforts to abolish public and private acts of racial and/or religious discrimination against Native Americans, African Americans, Asians, Latin Americans, women, the homeless, practitioners of minority religions, and other groups since the independence of the country.

Asian people
"Asian people" (sometimes "Asiatic people") is an umbrella term for people who belong to any ethnic, racial, or national group with origins in Asia. It is most often used in contexts concerning the Asian diaspora, which consists of Asian people and their descendants living outside of the continent. The exact definition of the term may vary by country; some classifications of "Asian" may only refer to certain Asian-origin groups, as opposed to the population of the entire continent.
Pavel Snurnitsyn
Pavel Sergeyevich Snurnitsyn (occasionally spelled Snurnitsin; Russian: Павел Серге́евич Снурницын) (10 January 1992 – 7 September 2011) was a Russian professional ice hockey player who played for Lokomotiv Yaroslavl of the Kontinental Hockey League. In August 2011, Snurnitsyn was among two players from Lokomotiv Yaroslavl selected to play for the Russian Under-20 youth national team of Russia. The team played in the U20 Four Nations Tournament on September 1–3 in Podolsk, Russia. Besides the Russians, Czech Republic, Sweden and Finland participated in the tournament. Snurnitsyn scored two of the goals to beat Finland 11:4.

Lokomotiv Yaroslavl
Hockey Club Lokomotiv (Russian: ХК Локомотив, English: Locomotive HC), also known as Lokomotiv Yaroslavl, is a professional ice hockey club based in Yaroslavl, Russia. It is a member of the Tarasov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). The name of the team is derived from its owner, Russian Railways, the national railroad operator.

On 7 September 2011, nearly the entire team perished in a plane crash. The team's flight to a game in Minsk crashed during takeoff, killing all of the team's roster (except forward Maxim Zyuzyakin, who was not on the flight), all coaching staff (except goaltending coach Jorma Valtonen, not on the flight) and four players from the Loko 9 juniors squad of the Minor Hockey League (MHL). The tragedy forced Lokomotiv Yaroslavl to cancel their participation in the 2011–12 KHL season. In their 16th season in the KHL in 2024–25, Lokomotiv captured the Gagarin Cup, their first in franchise history.