hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arrondissement of Lille
The arrondissement of Lille is an arrondissement of France in the Nord department in the Hauts-de-France region. It has 124 communes. Its population is 1,260,060 (2021), and its area is 879.5 km2 (339.6 sq mi).

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Winifred Brown
Winifred Sawley Brown (also known as Winifred Adams; 26 November 1899 – 30 July 1984) was an English sportswoman, aviator and author. She was the first woman to win the King's Cup air race (in 1930). The race has been running annually since 1922.

Woodford Aerodrome
Woodford Aerodrome (ICAO: EGCD) is a former airfield and aircraft factory at Woodford, Greater Manchester, England, 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) north of Macclesfield. It was opened by the Avro company after the First World War and became an important production centre for military aircraft in the Second World War. Notable planes made at the factory include the Avro Anson, Avro Lancaster, Avro Shackleton and Avro Vulcan.

After almost 80 years of aircraft manufacture at the site, Woodford was closed and sold off by BAE Systems in 2011.
Polygalacturonase
Endo-polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15,  pectin depolymerase, pectolase, pectin hydrolase, and poly-α-1,4-galacturonide glycanohydrolase; systematic name (1→4)-α-D-galacturonan glycanohydrolase (endo-cleaving)) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the α-1,4 glycosidic bonds between galacturonic acid residues:

(1,4-α-D-galacturonosyl)n+m + H2O = (1,4-α-D-galacturonosyl)n + (1,4-α-D-galacturonosyl)m

Polygalacturonan, whose major component is galacturonic acid, is a significant carbohydrate component of the pectin network that comprises plant cell walls. Therefore, the activity of the endogenous plant PGs works to soften and sweeten fruit during the ripening process. Similarly, phytopathogens use PGs as a means to weaken the pectin network, so that digestive enzymes can be excreted into the plant host to acquire nutrients.

Glycosidic bond
A glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage is a type of ether bond that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another group, which may or may not be another carbohydrate.

A glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a saccharide) and the hydroxyl group of some compound such as an alcohol. A substance containing a glycosidic bond is a glycoside.

The term 'glycoside' is now extended to also cover compounds with bonds formed between hemiacetal (or hemiketal) groups of sugars and several chemical groups other than hydroxyls, such as -SR (thioglycosides), -SeR (selenoglycosides), -NR1R2 (N-glycosides), or even -CR1R2R3 (C-glycosides).

Particularly in naturally occurring glycosides, the compound ROH from which the carbohydrate residue has been removed is often termed the aglycone, and the carbohydrate residue itself is sometimes referred to as the 'glycone'.
Laryea
Laryea is a Ghanaian surname of the Ga language. Notable people with the surname include:

Anyetei Laryea (born 1978), Ghanaian boxer

Daniel Nii Laryea (born 1987), Ghanaian international football referee

Emmanuel Nii Okai Laryea (born 1983), Ghanaian politician

Frederick Daniel Laryea, Ghanaian diplomat

Gabriel Laryea (1924–2009), Ghanaian sprinter

Israel Laryea, Ghanaian journalist

Joseph Laryea (born 1965), Ghanaian boxer

Richie Laryea (born 1995), Canadian soccer player

Wayne Laryea (born 1952), British musician and television actor

Daniel Nii Laryea
Daniel Nii Ayi Laryea (born 11 September 1987) is a Ghanaian football referee who is a listed international referee for FIFA since 2014. He is also one of the referees for the Ghana Premier League.

In 2021, Laryea was officially selected as a referee for the delayed 2020 African Nations Championship in Cameroon.

He officiated the 2021 Ghanaian FA Cup final between Hearts of Oak and the Ashanti Gold. Laryea was also one of the appointed referees of the 2021 Africa Cup of Nations in Cameroon.
Tynan
Tynan (from Irish Tuíneán, meaning 'watercourse') is a village, townland (of 375 acres) and civil parish in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The village, which is around 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Armagh City, had a population of 71 people (35 households) as of the 2011 census.

Armagh
Armagh (/ɑːrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH; Irish: Ard Mhacha, IPA: [ˌaːɾˠd̪ˠ ˈwaxə], "Macha's height") is a city and the county town of County Armagh, in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Primates of All Ireland for both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of Ireland. In ancient times, nearby Navan Fort (Eamhain Mhacha) was a pagan ceremonial site and one of the great royal capitals of Gaelic Ireland. Today, Armagh is home to two cathedrals (both named after Saint Patrick) and the Armagh Observatory, and is known for its Georgian architecture.

Statistically classed as a medium-sized town by NISRA, Armagh was given city status in 1994 and Lord Mayoralty status in 2012. It had a population of 16,310 people in the 2021 Census.
Antti Autti
Antti-Matias Antero Autti (born 15 March 1985) is a Finnish snowboarder who won the Men's Superpipe at the 2005 Winter X Games. He is one of two snowboarders, along with Steve Fisher, ever to beat American snowboarder Shaun White in the X Games Superpipe.

Autti is the first non-American to win the event. He began his final run with back-to-back 1080s, and is only the third snowboarder to land the sequence in competition, behind Michael McBee and Ross Powers.

His technical performance sparked the "1080 Revolution" and set a new standard in men's halfpipe competition, where athletes must throw at least one 1080, if not two back-to-back, in order to do well in contests. Just two weeks earlier, he was crowned double World Champion in Big Air and the halfpipe at the 2005 Snowboarding World Championships in Whistler, British Columbia, Canada.

Whistler, British Columbia
Whistler is a resort municipality in Squamish-Lillooet Regional District, British Columbia, Canada. It is located in the southern Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains, approximately 125 kilometres (78 mi) north of Vancouver and 36 km (22 mi) south of Pemberton. It has a permanent population of approximately 13,982 (2021), and 3,241 seasonal residents (estimated).

Over two million people visit Whistler annually, primarily for alpine skiing and snowboarding and, in the summer, mountain biking at Whistler Blackcomb. Its pedestrian village has won numerous design awards, and Whistler has been voted among the top destinations in North America by major ski magazines since the mid-1990s. During the 2010 Winter Olympics, Whistler hosted most of the alpine, Nordic, luge, skeleton, and bobsled events.
Stepove, Feodosia Municipality, Crimea
Stepove (Russian: Степное; Ukrainian: Степове, romanized: Stepove; Crimean Tatar: Stepnoye) is a village in Feodosia Municipality, Crimea. Population: 57 (2014 Census). It is located about 7 km (4.3 mi) north of the city of Feodosia.

2014 Crimean Federal District census
The Crimean Federal District census  (Russian: Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе), transliterated as Perepis naseleniya v Krymskom federalnom okruge, was carried out in Crimea by Russia in 2014, following its annexation by Russia. The census found the total population to be 2,284,769 inhabitants.
Glenn D. Vosburg
Glenn D. "Mike" Vosburg (December 29, 1883 – July 30, 1964) was an American football and basketball coach and college athletics administrator.  He was the 17th head football coach at Washburn University in Topeka, Kansas, serving for one season, in 1922, and compiling a record of 1–7.  Football legend Walter Camp stated that the 1922 squad had several good players but produced disappointing results.  Vosburg was also the head basketball coach at Washburn in 1922–23, tallying a mark of 7–11.  He was also and assistant coach for the Great Lakes Navy Bluejackets football team at Naval Station Great Lakes before coming to Washburn.

Vosburg was born on December 29, 1883, in Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin.  He died on July 30, 1964, at Fort Atkinson Memorial Hospital.

Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin
Fort Atkinson is a city in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States. It lies along the Rock River a few miles upstream from Lake Koshkonong. The population was 12,579 at the 2020 census. Fort Atkinson is the largest city located entirely in Jefferson County, as Watertown is split between Jefferson and Dodge counties. Fort Atkinson is a principal city of the Watertown–Fort Atkinson micropolitan statistical area, which is, in turn, a sub-market of the larger Milwaukee–Waukesha–Racine combined statistical area.
Edris House
The Edris House is a mid-century modern house designed by E. Stewart Williams in Palm Springs, California for William and Majorie Edris in 1954. The house is situated on a rocky outcrop, with the exterior of the house clad in wood. Edris was the owner of the Fairmont Olympic Hotel in Seattle, Washington.

The house was later owned by J. R. Roberts, former managing director of the Palm Springs Art Museum and Design Center.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

Fairmont Olympic Hotel
The Fairmont Olympic Hotel, originally The Olympic Hotel, is a luxury hotel in downtown Seattle, Washington. A historic landmark, the hotel was built on the original site of the University of Washington's campus. The hotel opened in 1924, and in 1979, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Dawn Equipment Company
Dawn Equipment Company is an American corporation founded in 1992, and based in Sycamore, Illinois, where the company's factory and administrative center is. Dawn is a manufacturer of tools for row crop planters, as well as fertilizer openers, and strip-till systems.

As of 2009, Dawn Equipment Company supplies more than 2,000 dealerships in several countries, including the United States, Australia, Canada, and France. 
Dawn's corporate color is navy blue, typically set on a white backdrop.

Planter (farm implement)
A planter is a farm implement, usually towed behind a tractor, that sows (plants) seeds in rows throughout a field. It is connected to the tractor with a drawbar or a three-point hitch. Planters lay the seeds down in precise manner along rows. Planters vary greatly in size, from 1 row to 54, with the biggest in the world being the 48-row John Deere DB120. Such larger and newer planters comprise multiple modules called row units. The row units are spaced evenly along the planter at intervals that vary widely by crop and locale. The most common row spacing in the United States today is 30 inches.
ContentTools
ContentTools is an open-source WYSIWYG editor for HTML content written in JavaScript/CoffeeScript by Anthony Blackshaw of Getme Limited.

The ContentTools editor allows text content, images, embedded videos, tables and other page content to be edited, resized, or moved via drag and drop directly within the page. The ContentTools editor features a floating context-sensitive toolbar which can be repositioned by the user and which offers functionality and ease of use similar to a word processing application.

The ContentTools editor is written in JavaScript / CoffeeScript, therefore it can easily be integrated with any HTML document, customised, extended or integrated into a full web-based content management system.

The ContentTools editor has already been implemented into the content management systems of a number of websites built by Getme Limited, as well as used within the third party systems Yii and Page Builder Sandwich.

Drag and drop
In computer graphical user interfaces, drag and drop is a pointing device gesture in which the user selects a virtual object by "grabbing" it and dragging it to a different location or onto another virtual object. In general, it can be used to invoke many kinds of actions, or create various types of associations between two abstract objects.

As a feature, drag-and-drop support is not found in all software, though it is sometimes a fast and easy-to-learn technique. However, it is not always clear to users that an item can be dragged and dropped, or what command is performed by the drag and drop, which can decrease usability.
Yaniv Mizrahi
Yaniv Mizrahi (Hebrew: יניב מזרחי; born 30 August 1995) is an Israeli professional footballer who plays as a forward for Liga Leumit club Hapoel Ramat Gan.

Mizrahi started his career with Hapoel Ramat Gan. On 22 November 2013, he made his senior debut in the 0–0 draw against Hapoel Jerusalem. On 22 August 2016 he signed for Erovnuli Liga club Dila Gori. In the 2020–21 season, he scored 21 goals for Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam and was the top goalscorer with Idan Shemesh.

Liga Leumit
The Israeli Liga Leumit (Hebrew: הליגה הלאומית, HaLiga HaLeumit, lit. 'National League') is the second division of the professional Israeli association football (soccer) league system. This second-tier league is placed directly below the Israeli Premier League.
Lemont, Illinois
Lemont is a village located in Cook, DuPage, and Will counties in the U.S. state of Illinois, and is a south-west suburb of Chicago.  The population was 17,629 as of the 2020 census. The village is situated on a hillside along the south banks of the Des Plaines River. It overlooks Waterfall Glen's Midwestern Bluff Savanna on the opposite side. Lemont is home to Argonne National Laboratory and other heavy industrial sites, and has a substantial European immigrant population.

Oak savanna
An oak savanna is a type of savanna (or lightly forested grassland), where oaks (Quercus spp.) are the dominant trees. It is also generally characterized by an understory that is lush with grass and herbaceous plants. The terms "oakery" or "woodlands" are also used commonly, though the former is more prevalent when referencing the Mediterranean area. Oak savannas typically exist in areas with low precipitation or high fire frequency and may feature poor soils. Predominant land uses include rangeland agriculture. Naturally, these savannas depend on natural wildfires (e.g. caused by lightning) to maintain their open vegetation.
Budapest Challenger (May)
The Budapest Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It was the earlier one of the two simultaneous challengers played in Hungary with the event taking place usually in May. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It was held annually at the Római Teniszakadémia in Budapest, Hungary, from 1994 to 2005, when during the 2006 Hungarian floodings the courts were washed away and the event spot was replaced by the USTA LA Tennis Open. The most successful players were Hernán Gumy with two singles titles and Nuno Marques with three doubles titles.

Hernán Gumy
Hernán Pablo Gumy (Spanish pronunciation: [eɾˈnaŋ ˈɡumi]; born 5 March 1972) is an Argentine former tennis player, who turned professional in 1991. He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, where he was defeated in the first round by Venezuela's Nicolás Pereira. Gumy made two finals in his career; both of them ATP 250s on clay in 1996. He won Santiago, Chile (his final tournament of 1996) by beating the Spanish World No. 15 Félix Mantilla in a tough three-setter: in the semi-finals, and the Chilean world number 11 Marcelo Ríos in the final 6–4, 7–5. He lost the other final he was in, in Porto, Portugal to Spain's Félix Mantilla despite winning the first set.

The right-hander reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on 19 August 1996, when he became World No. 39. Gumy won the gold medal in the men's singles competition at the 1995 Pan American Games.
Henry Cuttance
Henry Cuttance, born in Melcombe Regis, Dorset, was son of Sir Roger Cuttance, Edward Montagu's flag captain in the Naseby, in 1660.

On 1 May 1660, and according to Samuel Pepys, Cuttance was given commission of the 5th Rate frigate The Cheriton (20 guns and a crew of 90 men). He continued in command of the now renamed Speedwell, after the Restoration. In 1661, he commanded the Forester. In 1665, he commanded the Happy Return (52 guns).  He fought in the Four Days Battle in June 1666 where he was assigned to Sir William Berkeley [one of two Vice-Admirals killed in the battle]'s division.  He was dismissed from the service after the battle.

According to the genealogical data of the records of the Borough of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis, Henry Cuttance was admitted a freeman of the town by birth on 2 December 1659.  Like his relatives Sir Roger Cuttance and Edward Cuttance, he subsequently became Mayor of the town in 1666.

Melcombe Regis
Melcombe Regis is an area of Weymouth in Dorset, England. Situated on the north shore of Weymouth Harbour and originally part of the waste of Radipole, it seems only to have developed as a significant settlement and seaport in the 13th century.
John Henderson, 5th of Fordell
Sir John Henderson, 5th of Fordell (3 November 1605, Fife, Scotland – 11 March 1650, Denmark) was a Scottish laird and mercenary, distinguished as a Cavalier in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

He was born in 1605 at Fordell Castle, Fife. A distinguished soldier, Fordell had been enslaved by Barbary pirates when commanding on the East African coast. He then supposedly fell in love with the Princess of Zanzibar who he contrived to escape to Egypt with. Later, Fordell was a mercenary, serving with the military for Denmark, Sweden, and elsewhere, and fought on the side of the Royalists in the Civil War. He was invested as a Knight by King Charles I.

Laird
Laird (/ˈlɛərd/) is a Scottish word for minor lord (or landlord) and is a designation that applies to an owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. They are usually styled [name] [surname] of [lairdship]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title, it has no formal status in law.

Historically, the term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England.

An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons.
Steinrode
Steinrode is a former municipality in the district of Eichsfeld in Thuringia, Germany. Since 1 December 2011, it is part of the municipality Sonnenstein, of which it is an Ortschaft. The Ortschaft Steinrode consists of the villages Werningerode and Epschenrode.

Ortschaft
Ortschaft is a term in German speaking countries for a human settlement. In several states of Germany, it is also used for administrative subdivisions of municipalities. These have been defined in the Gemeindeordnung or Kommunalverfassung of the respective federal state. This is the case in the states of Baden-Württemberg, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. The Ortschaften often, but not always, coincide with former municipalities, that were incorporated into another municipality. The inhabitants of an Ortschaft are represented by an elected Ortschaftsrat (local council) and/or a Ortsvorsteher (local representative).
WANV
WANV (96.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Annville, Kentucky, United States, and serving London. The station is owned by Forcht Broadcasting as part of a triopoly with classic country station WFTG (1400 AM) and Hot AC outlet WWEL (103.9 FM). All three stations share studios on Tobacco Road in northern London, while WANV maintains transmission facilities off Fence Road between London and Annville. The station features programming from CBS News Radio.

Forcht Group of Kentucky
Forcht Group of Kentucky is a group of companies principally owned by Terry Forcht, with corporate headquarters in Lexington, Kentucky and Corbin, Kentucky. The corporation employs more than 2,100 people in many companies specializing in banking and financial services, insurance, nursing homes and health care, broadcasting and print media, retail, data and Web design services, real estate and construction. Forcht Group of Kentucky officially changed its name from First Corbin Financial Corporation on November 10, 2007.  The company also sponsors "The Forcht Group of Kentucky Center for Excellence in Leadership" lecture series which began in 2005 at University of the Cumberlands, where Terry Forcht formerly taught business.
Roselite
Roselite is a rare arsenate mineral with chemical formula: Ca2(Co,Mg)[AsO4]2·H2O. It was first described in 1825 for an occurrence in the Rappold mines of Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany and named by Armand Lévy after German mineralogist Gustav Rose. It occurs in cobalt-bearing hydrothermal environments and was associated with veins of quartz and chalcedony in the type locality. It has also been reported from Italy, Morocco, Chile, British Columbia and several locations in Germany.

The pleochroism of roselite depends on chemical composition with darker-rose-colored varieties higher in cobalt content and lighter-rose-colored varieties higher in calcium and magnesium content (Palache et al., 1960). This gives rise to two different pleochroism schemes, one for dark rose and one for light rose. Dark rose varieties have X: dark rose, Y: pale rose, Z: paler rose. Light rose varieties have X: pale rose, Y: paler rose, Z: palest rose.

Type locality (geology)
A type locality, or a type area, in geology is the locality where a particular rock type, stratigraphic unit or mineral species is first identified. If the stratigraphic unit in a locality is layered, it is called a stratotype, whereas the standard of reference for unlayered rocks is the type locality.

The concept is similar to type site in archaeology.