hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minam Lake
Minam Lake is a high-elevation reservoir in the Eagle Cap Wilderness of the Wallowa Mountains in the U.S. state of Oregon. The unusual reservoir, a modified natural lake, has outlets on both its north and south ends. The south outlet drains to the Minam River, and the north outlet is the source of the Lostine River.

A natural lake at this spot had only a south outlet. In the early 20th century, the lake was enlarged, and its flow altered by a 14-foot (4.3 m) high dam near the south end of the lake. The dam's purpose was to store additional water and to deflect it north for irrigation of farms in the Lostine Valley.

It is said that minam is a word that evolved in the mid-19th century from the native word e-mi-ne-mah. The latter referred to the Minam River Valley, where a kind of plant with edible roots grew in abundance. Mah was a suffix meaning valley or canyon.

Wallowa Mountains
The Wallowa Mountains (/wəˈlaʊwə/) are a mountain range located in the Columbia Plateau of northeastern Oregon in the United States. The range runs approximately 40 miles (64 km) northwest to southeast in southwestern Wallowa County and eastern Union County between the Blue Mountains to the west and the Snake River to the east. The range is sometimes considered to be an eastern spur of the Blue Mountains, and it is known as the "Alps of Oregon". Much of the range is designated as the Eagle Cap Wilderness, part of the Wallowa–Whitman National Forest.
2016 TCR International Series Singapore round
The 2016 TCR International Series Singapore round was the ninth round of the 2016 TCR International Series season. It took place on 16–18 September at the Marina Bay Street Circuit.

Jean-Karl Vernay won the first race, starting from pole position driving a Volkswagen Golf GTI TCR and Mikhail Grachev gained the second one, driving a Honda Civic TCR.

Gianni Morbidelli
Gianni Morbidelli (born 13 January 1968) is an Italian racing driver. He participated in 70 Formula One Grands Prix, debuting on 11 March 1990. He achieved one podium, and scored a total of 8.5 championship points. He most recently competed in the TCR International Series.
Listed buildings in Stairfoot
Stairfoot is a ward in the metropolitan borough of Barnsley, South Yorkshire, England.  The ward contains ten listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The ward is to the southeast of the centre of Barnsley, and contains the village of Ardsley.  The listed buildings consist of houses and associated structures, a canal bridge, a former water mill, two cemetery chapels, former colliery buildings, and a memorial to a colliery disaster.

Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley
The Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley is a metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England; the main settlement is Barnsley and other notable towns include Wombwell, Worsbrough, Penistone, Hoyland and the Dearne Towns.

The borough is bisected by the M1 motorway; it is rural to the west, and largely urban/industrial to the east. It is estimated that around 16% of the borough is classed as urban overall, with this area being home to the vast majority of its residents. Additionally, 68% of Barnsley's 32,863 hectares is green belt and 9% is national park land, the majority of which is west of the M1. In 2007, it was estimated that Barnsley had 224,600 residents, measured at the 2011 census as 231,221.

The neighbouring districts are Doncaster, Rotherham, Sheffield, High Peak, Kirklees and Wakefield.
I:Scintilla
I:Scintilla is a post-industrial music band from Chicago, Illinois, currently consisting of guitarist Jim Cookas, vocalist Brittany Bindrim, drummer Vincent Grech and bassist Dean Dunakin.

To date, they have released four studio albums and four EPs.

Angelspit
Angelspit is an Australian electronic music band originally from Sydney and currently based in Los Angeles. The band was formed in 2004 by vocalists/synthesists Destroyx (Amelia Tan) and ZooG (Karl Learmont). The band's music combines stylistic elements of horror, punk, pop and electronic music. Their work contains imagery revolving around medical experiments and grotesque societies. Angelspit has toured with Angel Theory, Ayria, Ikon, KMFDM, Tankt and The Crüxshadows, and have also shared the stage with bands such as The Sisters of Mercy, Nitzer Ebb, Skinny Puppy and Front Line Assembly. They performed with Lords of Acid during a 22-date U.S. tour in March 2011 and toured the United States with Blood on the Dance Floor in October 2011.
Mallette
Mallette is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Mallette, American baseball pitcher

Fanny Mallette, Canadian actress

Jocelyn Mitnaul Mallette, American lawyer and politician

John Mallette (c. 1932-1995), American biologist, academic administrator and civic leader

Mal Mallette, pitcher in Major League Baseball

Karl L. Mallette, Toronto politician

Malikha Mallette, dj at Power 105 (WWPR-FM)

Troy Mallette, retired Canadian ice hockey forward

Vital Mallette, Canadian politician

Mal Mallette
Malcolm Francis Mallette  (January 30, 1922 in Syracuse, New York – November 25, 2005) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched in two games for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1950.

He worked as a sportswriter after retiring, becoming a director of the American Press Institute and was inducted into the N.C. Journalism Hall of Fame.
Frank T. Rothaermel
Frank T. Rothaermel is a professor in the Scheller College of Business at the Georgia Institute of Technology and an Alfred P. Sloan Industry Studies Fellow. He holds the Russell and Nancy McDonough Chair of Business.

Rothaermel held visiting professorships at the EBS University of Business and Law (Germany), Singapore Management University (Tommie Goh Professorship), and the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland).

Organization Science (journal)
Organization Science is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences. It covers research on the dynamics of organizations. In 2012, it was one of the four general-management journals listed by the University of Texas at Dallas when ranking universities by research. In 2016, the journal was ranked on the Financial Times top 45 list. The editor-in-chief is Lamar Pierce (Washington University in St. Louis). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 4.9.
Beloyevo
Beloyevo (Russian: Белоево) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Beloyevskoye Rural Settlement, Kudymkarsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 18 as of 2010. There are 39 streets.

Kudymkarsky District
Kudymkarsky District (Komi-Permyak: Кудымкар район, Russian: Куды́мкарский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Komi-Permyak Okrug in Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Kudymkarsky  Municipal District. It is located in the west of the krai. The area of the district is 4,741 square kilometers (1,831 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kudymkar (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:  25,808 (2010 Census); 29,528 (2002 Census); 35,392 (1989 Soviet census).
1999–2000 Segunda División
The 1999–2000 Segunda División was the 69th edition since the establishment of the competition.

22 teams participated in the league. The teams that promoted to La Liga were UD Las Palmas, Osasuna and Villarreal CF. The teams that relegated to Segunda División B were CP Mérida, Atlético de Madrid B, CD Logroñés and CD Toledo.

CP Mérida
Club Polideportivo Mérida was a Spanish football team based in Mérida, in the autonomous community of Extremadura.

Having played twice in La Liga (1995–96 and 1997–98), the club was dissolved in 2000, due to serious economic debts. Its successor was renamed Mérida UD.
Ram Narayan Goswami
Ram Narayan Goswami (died 9 February 2010 in Bardhaman) was an Indian communist politician and peasant leader. Goswami was a Central Committee member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was a minister in the West Bengal state government 1982–1983.

Goswami became active in the peasant movement in West Bengal, led various campaigns and was jailed for his political activism.

He was the assistant of Hare Krishna Konar while konar was the minister of land and land reforms. Goswami was elected general secretary of the All India Kisan Sabha in 1989 and 1992. He had also been elected president of the West Bengal State Kisan Sabha two times.

He was elected twice to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly (1977 and 1982), and three times to the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of the Indian parliament).

All India Kisan Sabha (36 Canning Lane)
The All India Kisan Sabha (AIKS), or Akhil Bharatiya Kisan Sabha, is the peasant front of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and works for farmer's rights, peasant rights, and anti-feudal movement in India.

This organization is sometimes referred to as All India Kisan Sabha (36 Canning Lane), to distinguish it from the All India Kisan Sabha of Communist Party of India. All India Kisan Sabha (36 Canning Lane) was previously known as All India Kisan Sabha (Ashoka Road).
Kalokastro
Kalokastro (Greek: Καλόκαστρο) is a village in Serres regional unit of Central Macedonia, Greece, located 26 km southwest of the city of Serres. Since 2011 administrative reform it is a municipal unit of the municipality of Irakleia. It has a population of 368 inhabitants and its former name was “Sartikli”.

Kallikratis Programme
The Kallikratis Programme (Greek: Πρόγραμμα Καλλικράτης, romanized: Prógramma Kallikrátis) is the common name of Greek law 3852/2010 of 2010, a major administrative reform in Greece. It brought about the second major reform of the country's administrative divisions following the 1997 Kapodistrias reform.

Named after ancient Greek architect Callicrates, the programme was presented by the socialist Papandreou cabinet and was adopted by the Hellenic Parliament in May 2010. The programme's implementation started with the November 2010 local elections, and was completed by January 2011. It was amended by the Kleisthenis I Programme (Law 4555/2018), which was adopted in July 2018 and implemented in September 2019.
Capitaine Achab
Capitaine Achab (in English, Captain Ahab) is a 2004 French short film directed by Philippe Ramos. It is an interpretation of Herman Melville's 1851 novel Moby-Dick. The film follows a young Achab and the events that inspire his eventual journey to the sea. The film was presented at the Cannes Film Festival and Pantin in 2004.

In 2007 a full-length (100 min.) version was released.

Dominique Blanc (actress)
Dominique Blanc (born 25 April 1956) is a French actress. She is known for her roles in the films May Fools (1990), Indochine (1992), La Reine Margot (1994), Those Who Love Me Can Take the Train (1998), and The Other One (2008). In a career spanning nearly four decades, Blanc has won four César Awards from nine nominations.
The Bush (Alaska)
In Alaska, the Bush typically refers to any region of the state that is not connected to the North American road network and does not have ready access to the state's ferry system.  A large proportion of Alaska Native populations live in the Bush, often depending on subsistence hunting and fishing.

Geographically, the Bush comprises the Alaska North Slope; Northwest Arctic; West, including the Baldwin and Seward Peninsulas; the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta; Southwest Alaska; Bristol Bay; Alaska Peninsula; and remote areas of the Alaska Panhandle and Interior.

Some of the hub communities in the bush, which typically can be reached by larger, commercial airplanes, include Bethel, Dillingham, King Salmon, Nome, Utqiagvik, Kodiak Island, Kotzebue, and Unalaska-Dutch Harbor.

Most parts of Alaska that are off the road or ferry system can be reached by small bush airplanes. Travel between smaller communities or to and from hub communities is typically accomplished by snowmobiles, boats, or ATVs.

Baldwin Peninsula
The Baldwin Peninsula (Iñupiaq: Qikiqtaġruk) is a peninsula located on the Arctic Circle in the northwestern region of the U.S. state of Alaska, at 66°33′06″N 161°55′44″W﻿ / ﻿66.55167°N 161.92889°W﻿ / 66.55167; -161.92889. It extends 72 km (45 mi) into Kotzebue Sound from the Alaska mainland and defines the south boundary of Hotham Inlet. It is 2–19 km (1.2–11.8 mi) wide and named after Leonard D. Baldwin, a New York City attorney and investor who in conjunction with the Lomen brothers, introduced domesticated reindeer to Alaska, which Inuit in Alaska took part in.

The city of Kotzebue and Ralph Wien Memorial Airport are located at the end of the peninsula. The remainder of Baldwin Peninsula is covered with permafrost and hundreds of tundra lakes.
Abary
Abary is a small community in the Mahaica-Berbice Region of Guyana, near the mouth of the Abary River, 43 miles (69 km) from Georgetown. Abary is known for the Abary Bridge located on the Main Highway. The bridge was originally a railway bridge with a very steep grade. The bridge was designed by Joseph Walter Holder who also built the Demerara Harbour Bridge.

Mahaica-Berbice
Mahaica-Berbice (Region 5) is a region of Guyana, bordering the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of East Berbice-Corentyne to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Demerara-Mahaica to the west.

It contains the villages of Rosignol, Fort Wellington, and Mahaicony.

The Mahaica River runs along the region's western border.  The Berbice River is the eastern border.  The Mahaicony and Abary Rivers run south to north.
Harry Sinclair Drago
Harry Sinclair Drago (March 20, 1887 – October 25, 1979) was an American novelist, screenwriter, and historian, known for his prolific output of Western fiction and his histories of the American Old West. Over a career spanning more than five decades, he published over 100 books, averaging roughly three per year, many under pseudonyms including Stewart Cross, Kirk Deming, Will Ermine, Bliss Lomax, J. Wesley Putnam, and Grant Sinclair. His Western novels were popular enough that President Dwight D. Eisenhower reportedly named Bliss Lomax and Will Ermine—both Drago pen names—as two of his favorite authors.

The Champ (1931 film)
The Champ is a 1931 American pre-Code film starring Wallace Beery and Jackie Cooper and directed by King Vidor from a screenplay by Frances Marion, Leonard Praskins and Wanda Tuchock.  The picture tells the story of a washed-up alcoholic boxer (Beery) attempting to put his life back together for the sake of his young son (Cooper).

Beery won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance (sharing the prize with Fredric March for Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde), Frances Marion won the Academy Award for Best Story, and the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture and Best Director. In February 2020, the film was shown at the 70th Berlin International Film Festival, as part of a retrospective dedicated to King Vidor's career.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (cytochrome)
In enzymology, a pyruvate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) (EC 1.2.2.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

pyruvate + ferricytochrome b1 + H2O  acetate + CO2 + ferrocytochrome b1

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are pyruvate, ferricytochrome b1, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are acetate, CO2, and ferrocytochrome b1.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with a cytochrome as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is pyruvate:ferricytochrome-b1 oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include pyruvate dehydrogenase, pyruvic dehydrogenase, pyruvic (cytochrome b1) dehydrogenase, pyruvate:ubiquinone-8-oxidoreductase, and pyruvate oxidase (ambiguous).  This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism.  It has 2 cofactors: FAD,  and Thiamin diphosphate.

Acetate
An acetate is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with a base (e.g. alkaline, earthy, metallic, nonmetallic, or radical base). "Acetate" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C2H3O−2. The neutral molecules formed by the combination of the acetate ion and a positive ion (called a cation) are also commonly called "acetates" (hence, acetate of lead, acetate of aluminium, etc.). The simplest of these is hydrogen acetate (called acetic acid) with corresponding salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion CH3CO−2, or CH3COO−.

Most of the approximately 5 million tonnes of acetic acid produced annually in industry are used in the production of acetates, which usually take the form of polymers. In nature, acetate is the most common building block for biosynthesis.
30th Troop Carrier Squadron
The 30th Troop Carrier Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was established in January 1942 as the 30th Transport Squadron  and served as a training unit for I Troop Carrier Command until disbanding in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units in 1944. The squadron was reconstituted in the reserves in 1949 and served until May 1951, when it was called to active duty for the Korean War. It was then inactivated, and its personnel were assigned to other units.

I Troop Carrier Command
The I Troop Carrier Command is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. Its last assignment was with Continental Air Forces, at Stout Field, Indiana, where it was disbanded in November 1945, and its resources transferred to IX Troop Carrier Command.

The command trained units aircrews for the theater airlift mission.  It also trained aeromedical evacuation units and airlift units supporting special forces  It was assigned directly to Army Air Forces (AAF) headquarters for the majority of the war, and was reassigned to Continental Air Forces in the spring of 1945.  The command coordinated its activity with the Army Air Forces Training Command, from which it drew its crews.  It conducted operational training, shifting to replacement training later in the war The troop carrier units and crews it produced served in all overseas combat theaters.
5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate Delta-isomerase
In enzymology, a 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate Delta-isomerase (EC 5.3.3.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate  5-carboxy-2-oxohept-3-enedioate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate, and one product, 5-carboxy-2-oxohept-3-enedioate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those intramolecular oxidoreductases transposing C=C bonds.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate Delta2,Delta4-2-oxo,Delta3-isomerase. This enzyme participates in tyrosine metabolism and benzoate degradation via hydroxylation.

Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation
Benzoate degradation via hydroxylation is an enzyme-catalyzed, bacterial chemical reaction. Benzoate is degraded aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobic degradation forms catechol. Anaerobic degradation forms cyclohex-1,5-diene-1-carbonylCoA. A hybrid degradation forms Acetyl-CoA and Succinyl-CoA.
Jews' Temporary Shelter
The Jews' Temporary Shelter is a charity in London which helps homeless Jews.

Around 1879, a Polish immigrant baker, Samuel Cohen, began to shelter Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe (particularly Poland and Russia) in his bakery in Whitechapel's Church Lane.  The accommodation was improvised with sacks of flour being used as bedding and, in 1885, a sanitary inspector closed it.  A public meeting was held at the Jewish Working Men's Club and a group of wealthy Jews led by Hermann Landau, established the Poor Jews' Temporary Shelter.  The first location was in Great Garden Street but a more permanent shelter was established in Leman Street on 11 April 1886.

In 1973, the Shelter relocated to Willesden. Today the charity provides maintenance grants rather than supplying accommodation directly.

History of the Jews in Russia
The history of the Jews in Russia goes back to the beginnings of the Russian state. At one time, the Russian Empire hosted the largest population of Jews in the world. Within these territories, the primarily Ashkenazi Jewish communities of many different areas flourished and developed many of modern Judaism's most distinctive theological and cultural traditions, and they also faced periods of antisemitic discriminatory policies and persecution, including violent pogroms.

Many analysts have documented a "renaissance" in the Jewish community inside Russia since the beginning of the 21st century; however, the Russian Jewish population has experienced precipitous decline since the dissolution of the USSR which continues to this day, although it is still among the largest in Europe.
Dichomeris ventrella
Dichomeris ventrella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Asa Fitch in 1854. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Maine to Florida, west to Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Wisconsin and southern Arizona.

The wingspan is about 17 mm. The forewings are pale cinereous with a faint reddish tinge. The hindwings are shining pale grayish.

The larvae feed on Castanea dentata, Betula, Carpinus, Corylus, Carya and Quercus species. They roll the leaves of their host plant.

Hazel
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.
Spotlight (Jessie Ware song)
"Spotlight" is a song recorded by British singer-songwriter Jessie Ware for her fourth studio album, What's Your Pleasure? (2020). A primarily house and nu-disco record singing about "longing and lust", it was written by Ware, Danny Parker, Shungudzo Kuyimba, and James Ford, while production was handled by the latter. Altogether with an accompanying music video where the singer sings and dances on Tito's Blue Train, the single version was released on 28 February 2020 as the third single from the album, with a remix by Icarus being released on 27 March 2020 later.

Shungudzo
Alexandra Shungudzo Govere, better known as Shungudzo, is a Zimbabwean-American singer and former reality television personality. She first attracted media attention by being the first black female gymnast to represent Zimbabwe in artistic gymnastics at the 1999 All-Africa Games, and later by co-founding the Kijana Project, which provides relief for AIDS orphans. She later gained wide media attention as a cast member on the 2011 season of The Real World: San Diego.
William McNab (footballer)
William McNab (1870 – unknown) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a centre forward.

At representative level, he played once for the Scottish Football Alliance XI against the rival Scottish Football League in 1892, while with Northern.

He made no appearances for Clapton Orient after his brief time with Arsenal.

Scottish Football Alliance
The Scottish Football Alliance was a league football structure set up in Scotland in competition with the Scottish Football League. Its success in the early years of professional football in both England and Scotland made the Alliance the basis for a second division in both countries. The Alliance attracted a number of Junior clubs to the League system, which boosted its future viability.