hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Archibald McDonald (Saskatchewan politician)
John Archibald McDonald (August 1865 – 1929) was a banker and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented North Qu'Appelle in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1908 to 1914 as a Provincial Rights and then Conservative member.

He was born in Winnipeg, Rupert's Land, the son of Archibald McDonald, chief factor for the Hudson's Bay Company, and was educated at St. John's College in Winnipeg. In 1887, McDonald married Elleonora Campbell, the daughter of Robert Campbell. He resigned from the assembly in 1914 after admitting to "corrupt practices on the part of his agent" during the 1912 election.

St. John's College, Manitoba
St. John's College is an Anglican-based independent constituent college of the University of Manitoba, located on the university's Fort Garry campus in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

The college is the oldest Anglophone institution of higher learning in western Canada and maintains its strong connection to the Anglican Church of Canada.

The University of Manitoba Press has its office in 301 St. John's College. St. John's College, itself, operates a small publisher at the U of M called St. John's College Press.
Surry Mountain Lake
Surry Mountain Lake is a 353-acre (1.43 km2) impoundment on the Ashuelot River in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Surry.

The reservoir was built to protect downstream communities, such as Keene, from flooding. Surry Mountain Dam was built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in 1941 as an earthen rock-fill structure. Its height is 83 feet (25 m), its length is 1,800 feet (550 m) at the crest, with a maximum capacity of 44,000 acre-feet and a normal capacity of 1,320 acre-feet. Both dam and reservoir are owned by the Corps of Engineers.

The lake is classified as a warmwater fishery, with observed species including rainbow trout, brown trout, smallmouth and largemouth bass, chain pickerel, horned pout, and black crappie.

Ashuelot River
The Ashuelot River is a tributary of the Connecticut River, approximately 64 miles (103 km) long, in southwestern New Hampshire in the United States. It drains a mountainous area of 425 square miles (1,101 km2), including much of the area known as the Monadnock Region.  It is the longest tributary of the Connecticut River within New Hampshire.
Frank Sabo
Frank Michael Sabo (April 10, 1922 – August 6, 1982) was an American professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball League for the Detroit Gems. In only three career games he averaged 5.3 points per contest.

Sabo joined the United States Marine Corps in 1942.

Detroit Gems
The Detroit Gems were an American professional basketball team based in Detroit, Michigan. Supposedly, the Detroit Gems had played some sort of team-based basketball at a competitive level earlier on either as an independent team or as a more local, competitive team within the state of Michigan before joining the National Basketball League. The team played only one season, the 1946–47 season, in the Western Division of the National Basketball League, which eventually became a predecessor organization to the National Basketball Association. Following the season, the franchise was sold and moved to Minneapolis to become the Minneapolis Lakers. In 1960, they relocated again, this time to Los Angeles, and became the Los Angeles Lakers.
Casa particular
Casa particular (Spanish for "private house"; plural casas particulares) is a phrase meaning private accommodation or private homestays in Cuba, very similar to a bed and breakfast, although it can also take the form of a vacation rental. When the meaning is clear, the term is often shortened to simply casa. Today, many casas particulares are rented through online agencies, some specifically Cuban, and others that work worldwide.

Vacation rental
A vacation rental is the renting out of a furnished apartment, house, or professionally managed resort-condominium complex on a temporary basis to tourists as an alternative to a hotel.  The term vacation rental is mainly used in the US. Other terms used are self-catering rental, holiday home, holiday let (in the United Kingdom), cottage holiday (for a rental of smaller accommodation in rural locations) and gite (in rural locations in France).

Vacation rentals have long been a popular travel option in Europe (especially in the United Kingdom) as well as in Canada and are becoming increasingly popular around the world.
Hugh Luttrell (Liberal politician)
Hugh Courtenay Fownes Luttrell (10 February 1857 – 14 January 1918) was a British Liberal Party politician.

He was elected at the 1892 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Tavistock division of Devon, regaining a seat where the Liberal MP Viscount Ebrington had joined the Liberal Unionists after his election in 1885. Luttrell's majority was a slender 2.5% of the votes, and although he increased it slightly in 1895, he did not contest the seat in 1900, on account of ill-health. The Liberal Unionist John Ward Spear won it with a majority of only 15 votes. Luttrell stood again at the 1906 general election and regained the seat by a wide margin, but his majority was cut in January 1910 and at the December 1910 general election Spear unseated him for a second time.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Prudential RideLondon-Surrey 100
The RideLondon-Surrey 100 is a 100-mile closed-road cyclosportive closely following the 2012 Olympic road race course (with a minor diversion, avoiding Richmond Hill) starting at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park and heading through central London and Surrey via Richmond Park, passing numerous iconic landmarks, including the Tower of London, Trafalgar Square, St. James's Palace, Harrods the Victoria & Albert Museum, and Hampton Court Palace, and climbing Leith Hill and Box Hill before returning through Wimbledon to London to finish on The Mall.

This cyclosportive was first held during the 2013 Prudential RideLondon two-day festival of cycling, during which nearly 16,000 cyclists including London mayor Boris Johnson completed the course.

The Mall, London
51°30′15″N 0°8′7″W﻿ / ﻿51.50417°N 0.13528°W﻿ / 51.50417; -0.13528

The Mall (/ˈmæl/) is a ceremonial route and roadway in the City of Westminster, central London, that travels 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) between Buckingham Palace at its western end and Trafalgar Square via Admiralty Arch to the east. Along the north side of The Mall is green space and St. James's Palace with other official buildings, and to the south is St James's Park.  Near the east end at Trafalgar Square and Whitehall it is met by Horse Guards Road and Spring Gardens, near the west end at the Victoria Memorial it is met by the Constitution Hill roadway and the Spur Road to the street of Buckingham Gate. It is closed to traffic on Saturdays, Sundays, public holidays and on ceremonial occasions.
2008 Massachusetts Senate election
Elections to the 187th Massachusetts State Senate was held on November 4, 2008, the same date as the 2008 Massachusetts House election as well as Federal and Congressional elections. Massachusetts Senators serve two-year terms.

Massachusetts Senate
The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single-member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the "Cape and Islands" district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two-year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House in Boston, the state capital.
Nonoxynols
Nonoxynols, also known as nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs), are a group of nonionic surfactants within the alkyl phenol ethoxylate superfamily. Alkyl phenol ethoxylates (APEs, APEO) have the chemical formula RC6H4(OC2H4)nOH (1 < n < 20).  Nonoxynols are the subfamily of APEs with R = iso-C9H19 (iso-nonyl).  Like almost all APEs, nonoxynols are colorless (or nearly so) oils.  Nonoxynols are used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents or defoaming agents. The most commonly discussed compound nonoxynol-9 is a spermicide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams. Nonoxynol was found to metabolize into free nonylphenol when administered to lab animals.

Detergent
A detergent is a product for cleaning that contains surfactants plus other components. Detergents comprise surfactants as main functional components to remove hydrophobic grease or dirt by dispersing them in water. They often further comprise water (to facilitate application), builders (to soften water), enzymes (for breaking down proteins, fats, or starches), and dyes or fragrances (to improve the user's sensory experience).

Common surfactants used in detergents are alkylbenzene sulfonates, which are soap-like compounds that are more soluble than soap in hard water, because the polar sulfonate is less likely than the polar carboxylate of soap to bind to calcium and other ions found in hard water.
Qalandar (TV series)
Qalandar is a Pakistani television series first broadcast on Geo Entertainment on 14 October 2022. It is written by Samra Bukhari and produced by Abdullah Kadwani and Asad Qureshi under the banner of 7th Sky Entertainment, with Mikaal Zulfiqar as developer. The cast of the series includes Komal Meer, Muneeb Butt, Ali Abbas, Hiba Aziz, Asma Abbas and Kinza Razzak.

Samra Bukhari
Samra Bukhari is a Pakistani novelist, screenwriter and playwright. She has written several television series for the satellite television networks in Pakistan since 2011 and is also associated with writing for Urdu journals and digests. Some of her commercially successful series are Kis Din Mera Viyah Howay Ga (2011), Gohar-e-Nayab (2013), Gul-e-Rana (2015), Ghar Titli Ka Par (2017), Silsilay (2018).
Listed buildings in Farnworth
Farnworth is a town and an unparished area in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton, Greater Manchester, England. It contains 14 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The area is mainly residential, and the listed buildings include churches and associated structures, two former cotton mills, a railway bridge and a tunnel, a former toll house, a public library, a town hall, a former country house, a war memorial, and a public house.

Metropolitan Borough of Bolton
The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton (/ˈboʊltən/ ⓘ BOHL-tən) is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, named after its largest town, Bolton, but covering a larger area which includes Blackrod, Farnworth, Horwich, Kearsley, 
Westhoughton, and part of the West Pennine Moors. It had a population of 310,085 in 2024, making it the third-most populous district in Greater Manchester.

What is now the borough was created in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972; the area was formerly part of Lancashire. It was formed from seven urban districts from the administrative county of Lancashire, the southern part of an eighth urban district, and the county borough of Bolton. The metropolitan districts of Bury, Salford and Wigan lie to the east, south and west respectively; and the unitary authority of Blackburn with Darwen and the non-metropolitan district of Chorley in Lancashire to the north and north-west.
Mirosława Sarna
Mirosława Kazimiera Sarna (née Sałacińska; born 8 June 1942) is a Polish former track and field athlete who competed in the long jump, short sprints and the women's pentathlon. She was the gold medallist in the long jump at the 1969 European Athletics Championships and was twice a bronze medallist in that discipline at the European Athletics Indoor Championships.

An 8-time Polish national champion, she represented her country at the 1968 Summer Olympics. Her long jump best was 6.54 m (21 ft 5+1⁄4 in).

European Athletics Indoor Championships
The European Athletics Indoor Championships is a biennial indoor track and field competition for European athletes that is organised by the European Athletic Association. It was held for the first time in 1970, replacing the European Indoor Games, its predecessor event first held in 1966.

The championships was an annual event until 1990, when it was changed to its current biennial format. A gap of three years occurred after the 2002 edition to synchronize the event with the other major championships of international athletics. The event is hosted by a different European city each year.
Flexible tank
Flexible tanks (also flexi-bags, flexibags and  flexi-tanks) are a kind of storage equipment for liquids such as water or oil. Compared to steel tanks, flexible tanks have many advantages, including lighter weight and being rustproof, foldable, and quicker and easier to set up. With the same capacity, an empty flexible tank may have just 10% of a steel tank's weight. The disadvantages of flexible tanks include lower durability and shorter longevity. Some flexible tanks can be used as transport containers on trucks, ships, or aeroplanes, with some suitable for use in airdrops, helicopter swing, or hauling water.

Flexible tanks can be made of high-tensile strength polyester fabric, with elastomer or plastomer (PU, PVC, nitrile) coated on both sides.

Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or  in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ultimate tensile strength can be higher.

The ultimate tensile strength is usually found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress versus strain. The highest point of the stress–strain curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has units of stress. The equivalent point for the case of compression, instead of tension, is called the compressive strength.

Tensile strengths are rarely of any consequence in the design of ductile members, but they are important with brittle members. They are tabulated for common materials such as alloys, composite materials, ceramics, plastics, and wood.
Siol nan Gaidheal
Siol nan Gaidheal ([ˈʃiəl̪ˠ nə ˈŋɛː.əl̪ˠ], meaning "Seed of the Gaels") is a minor Scottish ultranationalist and ethnic nationalist group which describes itself as a "cultural and fraternal organisation".

The first incarnation of the group was founded by Tom Moore in 1978, though it became defunct twice and was re-established by Jackie Stokes in 1987 and again in 1997.

Though the group publicly disavows politics, SnG has been variously described by commentators as anywhere from "traditionalist" to "crypto-fascist" or "proto-fascist". Members of the group have been banned from membership of the mainstream nationalist Scottish National Party since 1982.

Proto-fascism
Proto-fascism represents the direct predecessor ideologies and cultural movements that influenced and formed the basis of fascism. The term protofascism is also used in a slightly more general sense to refer to any political movement whose activities make the emergence of fascism more likely.

Proto-fascist movements that preceded fascism featured some of the common characteristics of fascist ideology, such as the scapegoating of ethnic or religious minorities, the glorification of violence, and the promotion of the Führerprinzip, the belief that the party and the state should have a single leader with absolute power, but usually did not exhibit some characteristics of fascism, for example, were less radical or lacked totalitarian ambitions.

In relation to contemporary politics, the term protofascist has been applied to movements which resemble fascist ones in certain respects, but cannot be defined strictly as neo-fascist.
Christian Gaddis
Christian Gaddis (born October 5, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a center for the National Football League (NFL) . He was signed by the Bills as an undrafted free agent in 2007. He played college football for the Villanova Wildcats.

Gaddis was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, and New York Sentinels.

Villanova Wildcats football
The Villanova Wildcats football program represents Villanova University in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS, known as Division I-AA until 2006).

The Wildcats compete in the Coastal Athletic Association for football only. They play on campus at Villanova Stadium with capacity of 12,000. They are led by head coach Mark Ferrante. Former head coach Andy Talley was head coach of the program from its reinstatement in 1985 through 2016 and led the program to its first NCAA Division I FCS national championship in 2009.
Bearskin (French fairy tale)
Bearskin (French: Peau d'Ourse) is a French literary fairy tale by Marie-Madeleine de Lubert. It was included in her revised edition, published in 1753, of Henriette-Julie de Murat's last novel, Les Lutins du château de Kernosy (The Sprites of Kernosy Castle, 1710), which is why it is often attributed to Madame Henriette-Julie de Murat.

Mary's Child
"Mary's Child" (also "Our Lady's Child", "A Child of Saint Mary" or "The Virgin Mary's Child"; German: Marienkind) is a German fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm in Grimm's Fairy Tales in 1812 (KHM 3). It is of Aarne-Thompson type 710.

The Brothers Grimm noted its similarity to the Italian The Goat-faced Girl and the Norwegian The Lassie and Her Godmother.  They also noted its connection to the forbidden door and tell-tale stain of Fitcher's Bird.  Other tales that make use of these elements are Bluebeard and "In the Black Woman's Castle".
Alexandre Bussière
Alexandre Bussière is a Canadian cinematographer from Quebec. He is most noted for his work on the 2022 film Montreal Girls, for which he received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Cinematography at the 12th Canadian Screen Awards in 2024.

Bussière's other credits have included the films Exit 67 (Sortie 67), Where Atilla Passes (Là où Atilla passe) and The Sacrifice Game.

Exit 67
Exit 67 (French: Sortie 67) is a 2010 French-Canadian (Quebec) film written and directed by Jephté Bastien.

The film was shot in French, English and Creole language and is set around Montreal's street gangs. In an interview with Montreal's La Presse columnist Rima Elkouri, director Jephté Bastien states that the death of his 16 years old nephew inspired him to make the film.

The film had its world premiere at the 2010 edition of Montreal's Fantasia Festival. It was named the winner of the Claude Jutra Award for the best feature film by a first-time film director, at the 31st Genie Awards.
Dennis Currier
Dennis Currier is an American college soccer head coach. He currently serves as the head men's soccer coach at the University of Dayton. He has held that position since 2005, and has posted a 56–26–15 record in five seasons. From 2001 to 2004, he was the head men's soccer coach at Incarnate Word, compiling a 62–15–7 record in four seasons. After guiding the 2001 team to a 12–8–1 record, he posted a 50–7–6 record over his final three seasons there. The team won four conference championships in four years, and advanced to the NCAAs the last three seasons there.

From 1993 to 2000, he coached at Harris–Stowe State University. He went 126–34–5 there, and enjoyed remarkably consistent success, winning 14 games every season, and never losing more than 5 in a season. He earned three Regional Coach of the Year accolades while at HSSU. His career coaching record stands at 230–71–26.

University of Dayton
The University of Dayton (UD) is a private, Catholic research university in Dayton, Ohio, United States. Founded in 1850 by the Society of Mary, it is one of three Marianist universities in the US and the second-largest private university in Ohio. Its campus is located in southern Dayton and spans 388 acres on both sides of the Great Miami River. The campus is noted for the Immaculate Conception Chapel and the University of Dayton Arena.

As of 2023, the university enrolls approximately 11,300 undergraduate and postgraduate students from a variety of religious, ethnic and geographic backgrounds. It offers more than 80 academic programs in the arts, sciences, business, education, health sciences, engineering, and law. In 2009, UD offered what it believes to be one of the first undergraduate degree programs in human rights. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity".
Johnshaven Lifeboat Station
Johnshaven Lifeboat Station was located at Fore Street, in Johnshaven, a village approximately 40 miles (64 km) north-east of Dundee, in the county of Aberdeenshire, historically Kincardineshire, on the east coast of Scotland.

A lifeboat was first placed at Johnshaven in 1891 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

After operating for 37 years, Johnshaven Lifeboat Station was closed in 1928.

Johnshaven
Johnshaven is a coastal village along the North Sea located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, south of Aberdeen. About two miles (three kilometres) southwest of Johnshaven lies Milton Ness, which includes a red sandstone cliff landform.

The flax industry, sailmaking and fishing have historically been an integral part of Johnshaven life and economy.

Johnshaven has a primary school.
Stara Emetivka
Stara Emetivka (Staraya Emetovka) is a village in Odesa Raion, Odesa Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Usatove rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine, and is one of 15 villages in the hromada. It has a population of 21.

Until 18 July 2020, Stara Emetivka belonged to Biliaivka Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Odesa Oblast to seven. The area of Biliaivka Raion was merged into Odesa Raion.

Odesa Raion
Odesa Raion (Ukrainian: Одеський район) or Odessa Raion (Russian: Одесский район) is a raion (district) of Odesa Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 17 July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Biliaivka Raion, Biliaivka and Illichivsk municipalities, parts of Lyman and Ovidiopol raions, as well as the cities of Odesa, Teplodar, and Yuzhne were merged into Odesa Raion. The center of the raion is the city of Odesa. Population: 1,378,490 (2022 estimate).
Elmar-Aleksander Lehtmets
Elmar-Aleksander Lehtmets (14 December 1901 Paasvere Parish, Virumaa – 17 July 1942 Sevurallag, Sverdlovsk Oblast) was an Estonian lawyer, journalist and politician. He was a member of VI Riigikogu (its Chamber of Deputies).

Lehmets was arrested by the NKVD following the Soviet occupation of Estonia during World War II and executed.

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).