hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mat Salleh
Mat Salleh is a Malay term used as a colloquial expression to refer to white people. The exact origins of the expression are difficult to ascertain, due to there being several versions of the term's origin being passed down via word of mouth, with little or no official documentation to support such oral claims. The term arose during the colonial period of Malaysian history and is still commonly used.

Word of mouth
Word of mouth is the passing of information from person to person using oral communication, which could be as simple as telling someone the time of day. Storytelling is a common form of word-of-mouth communication where one person tells others a story about a real event or something made up. Oral tradition is cultural material and traditions transmitted by word of mouth through successive generations. Storytelling and oral tradition are forms of word of mouth that play important roles in folklore and mythology. Another example of oral communication is oral history—the recording, preservation and interpretation of historical information, based on the personal experiences and opinions of the speaker. Oral history preservation is the field that deals with the care and upkeep of oral history materials collected by word of mouth, whatever format they may be in.
Pentylamine
Pentylamine is an organic compound with the formula CH3(CH2)4NH2. It is used as a solvent, as a raw material in the manufacture of a variety of other compounds, including dyes, emulsifiers, and pharmaceutical products, and as a flavoring agent.

Pentylamine exhibits reactions typical of other simple alkyl amines, i.e. protonation, alkylation, acylation, condensation with carbonyls. Like other simple aliphatic amines, pentylamine is a weak base: the pKa of [CH3(CH2)4NH3]+ is 10.21.

Raw material
A raw material, also known as a feedstock, unprocessed material, or primary commodity, is a basic material that is used to produce goods, finished goods, energy, or intermediate materials/Intermediate goods that are feedstock for future finished products. As feedstock, the term connotes these materials are bottleneck assets and are required to produce other products.

The term raw material denotes materials in unprocessed or minimally processed states such as raw latex, crude oil, cotton, coal, raw biomass, iron ore, plastic, air, logs, and water. The term secondary raw material denotes waste material which has been recycled and injected back into use as productive material.
Hegigio Gorge Pipeline Bridge
Hegigio Gorge Pipeline Bridge was, with a height of 393 metres, one of the world's highest bridges and highest pipeline bridge. Hegigio Gorge Pipeline Bridge was a suspension bridge spanning 470 metres over the Tagari River in Papua New Guinea. It was used for transporting petroleum oil from Southeast Mananda oil field in the Southern Highlands Province.

Hegigio Gorge Pipeline Bridge became the world's highest bridge when it was completed in 2005 and remained the highest until the opening of the Sidu River Bridge in China in 2009.

The bridge was severely damaged in the 2018 Papua New Guinea earthquake and was demolished in 2023.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Buddleja cordobensis
Buddleja cordobensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae. It is endemic to dry hillsides in the Argentine provinces of Córdoba, San Luís, and La Rioja at altitudes of 700–1500 m; it was first described and named by Grisebach in 1874.

Córdoba Province, Argentina
Córdoba (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkoɾðoβa]) is a province of Argentina, located in the center of the country. Its neighboring provinces are (clockwise from the north) Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Buenos Aires, La Pampa, San Luis, La Rioja, and Catamarca. Together with Santa Fe and Entre Ríos, the province is part of the economic and political association known as the Center Region.

Córdoba is the second-most populous Argentine province, with 3,978,984 inhabitants, and the fifth by size, at about 165,321 km2 (63,831 sq mi). Almost 41% of its inhabitants reside in the capital city, Córdoba, and its surroundings, making it the second most populous metro area in Argentina.
Autumn Flow
Autumn Flow is the debut studio album of Australian singer-songwriter Lior. The album was released in October 2004 and peaked at number 45 on the ARIA charts, early in 2005 and was certified gold in 2006.

At the J Award of 2005, the album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2005, the album was nominated for three awards; Breakthrough Artist, Best Male Artist, and Best Independent Release.

In June 2015, the album was re-released in celebration of its 10th anniversary, with 7 bonus tracks. About the re-release, Lior said "It wasn't actually my idea, a few people mentioned it to me and I was thinking no, I have to do this other thing. Then I stopped and realised it had been a pretty special 10 years and it was important to stop, reflect and celebrate, so I think it was a good opportunity to do that." Lior said "There's a beautiful innocence around the album and it still speaks to me in that way and I still very much connect to it."

ARIA Award for Best Independent Release
The ARIA Music Award for Best Independent Release, is an award presented at the annual ARIA Music Awards, which recognises "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", since 1987. It is handed out by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), an organisation whose aim is "to advance the interests of the Australian record industry."

John Butler Trio hold the record for both the most wins and the most nominations in this category, with three wins from seven nominations, though Ed Kuepper's total nominations also reach seven if his nomination as a member of the Aints is counted. Vance Joy and Dan Sultan are tied for the most nominations without a win with four each. Kuepper is both the only artist to win in consecutive years, which occurred in 1993 and 1994, and the only musician nominated for two acts in the same year, as in 1992 he was nominated both as a solo artist and a member of the Aints.
Stefania coxi
Stefania coxi is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae.
It is endemic to Guyana and has been found on Mount Ayanganna and Mount Wokomung.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests at higher elevations.

Hemiphractidae
The Hemiphractidae are a family of frogs from South and Central America.  Previously, this group had been classified as a subfamily (Hemiphractinae) under family Hylidae.  More recent research classifies these genera into their own family, or sometimes into three separate families: Amphignathodontidae (Flectonotus and Gastrotheca), Cryptobatrachidae (Cryptobatrachus and Stefania), and Hemiphractidae (Hemiphractus and Fritziana).  An active question still exists as to which of these groupings is more accurate.
Rodrigo Duterte's August 7, 2016, speech
On 7 August 2016, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte revealed the names of 150 "high value target" public officials, including mayors, local government executives, legislators, police, military and judges, found to be involved in illegal drug trade in a speech at the Naval Station Felix Apolinario in Camp Panacan, Davao City, which was during his wake visit to four NavForEastMin soldiers killed during clashes with the New People's Army in Compostela Valley. Duterte described the drugs situation in the country as "pandemic" after 600,000 drug dealers and dependents have surrendered to the police in just one month since he took office.

Illegal drug trade in the Philippines
The prevalence of illegal drug use in the Philippines is lower than the global average, according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). President Rodrigo Duterte has claimed that the country could become a "narco-state". Two of the most used and valuable illegal drugs in the country are methamphetamine hydrochloride (known locally as shabu) and marijuana. In 2012, the United Nations said the Philippines had the highest rate of methamphetamine use in East Asia, and according to a U.S. State Department report, 2.1 percent of Filipinos aged 16 to 64 use the drug based on 2008 figures by the Philippines Dangerous Drugs Board. As of 2016, the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime report that 1.1 percent of Filipinos aged 10 to 69 use the drug. In Metro Manila, most barangays are affected by illegal drugs.
Canton of Condat-sur-Vienne
The canton of Condat-sur-Vienne is an administrative division of the Haute-Vienne department, western France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Condat-sur-Vienne.

It consists of the following communes:

Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne (French: [ot vjɛn]; Occitan: Nauta Vinhana or Nauta Viena), also translated as Upper Vienne, is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwest-central France. Named after the Vienne River, it is one of the twelve départements that together constitute Nouvelle-Aquitaine. The prefecture and largest city in the department is Limoges, the other towns in the department each having fewer than twenty thousand inhabitants. Haute-Vienne had a population of 372,359 in 2019.
Asphondylia rudbeckiaeconspicua
Asphondylia rudbeckiaeconspicua is a species of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae. The larvae induce galls on Rudbeckia laciniata in North America. It was first described by Carl Robert Osten-Sacken in 1878.

Rudbeckia laciniata
Rudbeckia laciniata, the cutleaf coneflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. Other common names include cutleaf, goldenglow, green-headed coneflower, tall coneflower, sochan and thimbleweed. It is native to North American floodplains, stream banks, and moist forests. Although toxic to animals, the leaves have culinary uses.
Traveling purchaser problem
The traveling purchaser problem (TPP) is an NP-hard problem studied in operations research and  theoretical computer science. Given a list of marketplaces, the cost of travelling between different marketplaces, and a list of available goods together with the price of each such good at each marketplace, the task is to find, for a given list of articles, the route with the minimum combined cost of purchases and traveling. The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a special case of this problem.

Theoretical computer science
Theoretical computer science is a subfield of computer science and mathematics that focuses on the abstract and mathematical foundations of computation.

It is difficult to circumscribe the theoretical areas precisely. The ACM's Special Interest Group on Algorithms and Computation Theory (SIGACT) provides the following description:

TCS covers a wide variety of topics including algorithms, data structures, computational complexity, parallel and distributed computation, probabilistic computation, quantum computation, automata theory, information theory, cryptography, program semantics and verification, algorithmic game theory, machine learning, computational biology, computational economics, computational geometry, and computational number theory and algebra. Work in this field is often distinguished by its emphasis on mathematical technique and rigor.
Khmaralite
The mineral khmaralite is a beryllium bearing mineral of the sapphirine group with a chemical formula of (Mg,Al,Fe)16[(Al,Si,Be)12O36]O40. It is most associated with sillimanite, surinamite, musgravite, garnet, and biotite. The known color is a dark greenish blue or a dark green, with a colorless streak. It is transparent with a vitreous luster with no cleavage and a Moh's hardness of 7. It is brittle with an uneven fracture. The calculated density is 3.61 g/cm3.

Khmaralite is closely related to sapphirine with a difference in the tetrahedral sequence chain. The tetrahedral sequence chain in sapphirine (Al-Si-Al) is replaced by the sequence Si-Be-Si in khmaralite. Si is replaced by Be on two sites, and Al is replaced by Si on four adjacent sites. This creates an indirect replacement of Al by Be.

Sillimanite
Sillimanite or fibrolite is an aluminosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. Sillimanite is named after the American chemist Benjamin Silliman (1779–1864). It was first described in 1824 for an occurrence in Chester, Connecticut.
1988 WTA Singapore Open – Doubles
Anna-Maria Fernandez and Julie Richardson were the defending champions but did not compete that year.

Natalia Bykova and Natalia Medvedeva won in the final 7–6, 6–3 against Leila Meskhi and Svetlana Parkhomenko.

Natalia Egorova
Natalia Vladimirovna Egorova (Russian: Наталья Владимировна Егорова, romanized: Natalya Vladimirovna Yegorova; née Bykova, born 13 September 1966) is a retired professional tennis player who represented the Soviet Union and Russia.

Egorova won two doubles titles on the WTA Tour as well as two singles and 27 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 27 February 1989, she reached her best singles ranking of world number 76. On 9 May 1988, she peaked at number 26 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Playing for Soviet Union at the Fed Cup, Egorova has accumulated a win–loss record of 6–2.

Egorova retired from tennis in 2003.
Joe O'Flynn
Joe O'Flynn is an Irish trade union leader and former politician.

Born in the Fairhill area of Cork, O'Flynn joined a trade union when he was sixteen, and began working for it full-time six years later.

O'Flynn was active in the Labour Party, and was elected to Cork City Council in 1991.  He stood in the 1994 Cork South-Central by-election, but took only 6.2% of the first preference votes, and was not elected.  He served as Lord Mayor of Cork in 1998/1999.

Meanwhile, O'Flynn's union career continued to develop.  He served as National Industrial Officer and then a Regional Officer of what became SIPTU.  In 2002, he was elected as the union's general secretary.  The following year, he was elected as treasurer of the Irish Congress of Trade Unions.  He also served on Bord Gais Eireann.

Cork City Council
Cork City Council (Irish: Comhairle Cathrach Chorcaí) is the local authority of the city of Cork in Ireland. As a city council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. Before 1 January 2002, the council was known as Cork Corporation. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, environment and the management of some emergency services (including Cork City Fire Brigade). The council has 31 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council is elected on an annual basis and has the honorific title of Lord Mayor. The city administration is headed by a chief executive, Valerie O'Sullivan. The council meets at City Hall, Cork.
Brazilian ship Pará
Several ships of the Brazilian Navy have borne the name Pará

Brazilian monitor Pará, a Pará-class monitor launched in 1867 and discarded in 1884

Brazilian destroyer Pará (1908), a Pará-class destroyer

Brazilian destroyer Pará (1959) (pennant number D27), the lead ship of the Pará class of destroyers for the Brazilian Navy; the former American Fletcher class USS Guest (DD-472); acquired by the Brazilian Navy in 1959; scrapped in 1978

Brazilian destroyer Pará (1989) (pennant number D27), the former American Garcia-class frigate USS Albert David (FF-1050); acquired by the Brazilian Navy in 1989 and classed as a destroyer; decommissioned in 2008 and in reserve

Garcia-class frigate
Garcia-class frigates were United States Navy warships. These frigates were originally ocean escorts bearing the hull classification DE until 1975. The ships were commissioned between 1964 and 1968 and decommissioned between 1988 and 1990.
FIDA Football League
The FIDA Football League (Football Integration Development Association)  is an Australian rules football based in Victoria. The competition provides people with an intellectual disability the chance play football at a competitive level.

The league is mix-gendered and open to people aged 14 and over, with four regional conferences, the largest being in metropolitan Melbourne.

As of 2022, FIDA has 28 clubs and approximately 800 players. The competition is supported by the Hawthorn Football Club, Box Hill Hawks, Coburg Football Club and Williamstown Football Club.

Williamstown Football Club
The Williamstown Football Club, nicknamed the Seagulls, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Williamstown. The club currently competes in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and VFL Women's (VFLW) competitions.
1965 Saffron Walden by-election
The 1965 Saffron Walden by-election of 23 March 1965 was held after the awarding of a life peerage to Conservative MP Rab Butler.

The seat was safe, having been won at the 1964 United Kingdom general election by 5,000 votes The Conservative Party held the seat.

1964 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Thursday 15 October 1964. It resulted in the Conservatives, led by Prime Minister Alec Douglas-Home, narrowly losing to the Labour Party, led by Harold Wilson; Labour secured a parliamentary majority of four seats and ended its thirteen years in opposition since the 1951 election. At age 47, Wilson became the youngest Prime Minister since Lord Rosebery in 1894.
Harold Williamson (journalist)
Harold Williamson (28 December 1922 – 11 March 2001) was an English journalist.

He was born at 38 Long Row, Colliery Row, Houghton-le-Spring, County Durham and was most notable for his work on the BBC current affairs/documentary series Man Alive and Braden's Week in the 1960s. He was particularly adept at interviewing children.  His documentary feature Gale is Dead, focusing on a teenage heroin addict, won numerous awards in 1970, and was nominated for a BAFTA.  He was the father of the television presenter and producer Trish Williamson.

He was a lifelong Christian, socialist, and Labour Party supporter who frequently returned to his pit-community roots by attending the Durham miners' gala.

British Academy Television Awards
British Academy Television Awards, or the BAFTA TV Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. They have been awarded annually since 1955. The BAFTA TV Awards are recognised internationally as the highest honour in British and world television, equivalent to the BAFTA Film Awards for cinema, Laurence Olivier Awards for theatre, and the BRIT Awards for music. The BAFTA TV Awards are considered equivalent to the Emmy Awards.
Tanah Merah District
Tanah Merah District (Malay for "red land" or "laterite", Kelantanese: Jajahey Tanoh Meghoh) is a district (jajahan) in the state of Kelantan in northeast Peninsular Malaysia. The urban area of Tanah Merah is situated along the Kelantan River. It is bordered by Pasir Mas District in the north, Machang District to the east, Kuala Krai District to the south east, Jeli District to the south west and Thailand in the west.

Historically it used to be a capital of a kingdom called Chi Tu. Chinese Sui dynasty annals from the 7th century describe an advanced kingdom called Chi Tu ("Red Earth") in the area now called Kelantan. The ancient name for Kelantan was "Raktamrittika", meaning "red earth" — this was later changed to "Sri Wijaya Mala".

Chi Tu
Chi Tu (also spelled Chihtu, Chitu or Ch-ih-t'u; Sanskrit: Raktamaritika or Raktamrittika; Chinese: 赤土國; pinyin: Chì-tǔ-guó; lit. 'Red Earth Country'; Malay language: Tanah Merah) was an ancient kingdom mentioned in the history of China. The Sui dynasty annals describe an advanced kingdom called Chi Tu in 607, when Chang Chun was sent as an ambassador there. The location of Chi Tu is disputed; proposals for its location include areas in the states of Kelantan or Pahang in Malaysia, or in Songkhla and Pattani Province of southern Thailand. The best evidence to support the Kelantan theory is that, when the envoys left Chi Tu, they took 10 days to sail to Champa, this indicates the kingdom was located somewhere 'red earth' around the main river of Kelantan. The inscribed Buddhagupta Stone found in Kedah mentioned a Raktamrttika, meaning "red earth land".
Palézieux–Lyss railway
The Palézieux–Lyss railway is a single-track standard-gauge line of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) in Romandy.

The section south of Kerzers is sometimes considered to form one of two lines that intersect at Payerne station and are referred to in French as the Ligne de la Broye (Broye line) or in German as the Broyelinien (Broye lines) or Broyetallinien (Broye valley lines). The Palézieux–Lyss railway includes the Broye longitudinal (Palézieux–Payerne–Murten–Kerzers). The Fribourg–Yverdon railway is considered to form the Broye transversal (Yverdon-les-Bains–Payerne–Fribourg/Freiburg). The lines are named after the Broye river, which passes through the cantons of Vaud and Fribourg, crossing the cantonal border ten times in total.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Sunset Studies
Sunset Studies is the debut studio album by the Australian indie rock band Augie March. It was released in October 2000 in Australia by BMG.

The album was recorded over the course of a year in five studios with three separate producers.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2001, the album was nominated for four awards, winning Engineer of the Year.

Bertelsmann Music Group
Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) was a division of a German media company Bertelsmann before its relaunch and completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.

Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as RCA/Ariola International in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of RCA's RCA Records division and Bertelsmann's Ariola Records and its associated labels which include Arista Records. It consisted of the BMG Music Publishing company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with Sony Music, which established the German American Sony BMG from 2004 to 2008.
327 Columbia
327 Columbia is a stony asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 March 1892, by French astronomer Auguste Charlois at Nice Observatory in southeast France. It is named after Christopher Columbus (1451–1506).

Auguste Charlois
Auguste Honoré Charlois (French pronunciation: [oɡyst ɔnɔʁe ʃaʁlwa]; November 26, 1864 – March 26, 1910) was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working at the Nice Observatory in southeastern France.