hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feuerlilie
Feuerlilie (English: fire lily) was the code name of a German anti-aircraft missile, which was developed in 1940 and was shelved because of problems with the controller and the drive section at the end of January 1945 in favour of other projects. The Feuerlilie was built and tested at Rheinmetall-Borsig in two versions: the F-25 with a diameter of 25 cm, and the larger F-55 55 cm in diameter. The engines were Rheinmetall 109-505/515 solid rockets.

Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall AG (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnmeˌtal]) is a German automotive and arms manufacturer, headquartered in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The group was promoted to the DAX, Germany's leading stock market index, in March 2023. It is the largest German and fifth-largest European arms manufacturer, and produces a variety of armored fighting vehicles and armored personnel carriers, in both wheeled and tracked versions, as well as warships through Blohm+Voss. It also manufactures artillery, air defense systems, anti-tank weapons and ammunition. Its name is derived from the German-language words Rhein and Metall, translating to "Rhine-metal" when combined.
Andaman Sea
The Andaman Sea (historically also known as the Burma Sea) is a marginal sea of the northeastern Indian Ocean bounded by the coastlines of Myanmar and Thailand along the Gulf of Martaban and the west side of the Malay Peninsula, and separated from the Bay of Bengal to its west by the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.  Its southern end is at Breueh Island just north of Sumatra, with the Strait of Malacca further southeast.

Traditionally, the sea has been used for fishery and transportation of goods between the coastal countries and its coral reefs and islands, which are popular tourist destinations.  The fishery and tourist infrastructure was severely damaged by the December 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami.

Little Andaman
Little Andaman Island (Onge: Gaubolambe) is the fourth largest of the Andaman Islands of India with an area of 707 km2, lying at the southern end of the archipelago. It belongs to the South Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It lies 88 km (55 mi) south of Port Blair, the capital of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Kristaq
Kristaq is an Albanian masculine given name. People named Kristaq include:

Kristaq Antoniu (1907–1979) (aka Cristache Antoniu), Romanian operetta tenor, baritone, and actor

Kristaq Dhamo (1933–2022), Albanian actor and film director

Kristaq Eksarko (1959–2025), Albanian footballer

Kristaq Mile (born 1958), Albanian footballer and coach

Kristaq Mitro (1945–2023), Albanian film director

Kristaq Paspali (1926–2001), Albanian operatic tenor

Kristaq Rama (1932–1998), Albanian sculptor, art educator and governmental fine-arts administrator

Kristaq Mitro
Kristaq Mitro (1 December 1945 – 3 April 2023) was an Albanian film director. He was a professor at University of Arts, Tirana. He directed Apasionata in 1983 with Ibrahim Muçaj. Mitro died in Vienna on 3 April 2023, at the age of 77.
Stock number
The term stock number can have several meanings:

In inorganic chemistry, it is an obsolete synonym of oxidation number. (See Stock nomenclature.)

Stock numbers can also be reference numbers to identify a unique sheet of paper, such as tickets, paper money and giro forms.  Stock numbers are printed when the paper is manufactured, while additional unique numbers might be added later (airline ticket have both a pre-printed stock control number and a document number that is added when the ticket is issued).

A identifying number used for a product available in a physical warehouse or inventory system.  A customer can order a product via a stock number; warehouse staff then use the stock number to find the location of the product (stock) with a product location system, and pull and ship the product to the ordering customer.  A part number.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
Bisphenol
The bisphenols (/ˈbɪsfɪnɒl/) are a group of industrial chemical compounds related to diphenylmethane; commonly used in the production of plastics and epoxy resins. They feature two hydroxyphenyl groups linked by a methylene bridge. Also included are bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents. Bisphenol A is the most common representative of the group, with millions of metric tons produced globally in the past decade, often simply called "bisphenol".

Bisphenols have attracted controversy because of their role as endocrine disruptors.  Their estrogenic properties are weak, but the scale of their production is considerable.

Diphenylmethane
Diphenylmethane is an organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2CH2 (often abbreviated CH2Ph2). The compound consists of methane wherein two hydrogen atoms are replaced by two phenyl groups. It is a white solid.

Diphenylmethane is a common skeleton in organic chemistry. The diphenylmethyl group is also known as benzhydryl.
2019 Waterford Intermediate Hurling Championship
The 2019 Waterford Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 56th staging of the Waterford Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Waterford County Board in 1964.

The final was played on 19 October 2019 at Walsh Park in Waterford, between Ballysaggart and Ballygunner, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Ballysaggart won the match by 1–19 to 1–16 to claim their first ever championship title.

Ballysaggart's Stephen Bennett was the top scorer with 0–11.

Ballysaggart GAA
Ballysaggart GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Ballysaggart, County Waterford, Ireland. The club enters teams in hurling each year, which includes 2 adult hurling teams in the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship and the Western Junior Hurling “C” Championship, and had briefly returned to participating in Gaelic football entering a team in the West Waterford Junior Football Championship in 2015, after a lapse of ten years.  Ballysaggart has no underage teams.  Instead the club is amalgamated with Lismore GAA for underage teams and play as Naomh Carthach.

Ballysaggart won the first competition organised by the GAA, the 1885 Waterford Senior Football Championship. In 2020, 135 years later, the club played their inaugural hurling campaign at the senior grade.
Amraut
Amraut  is a village development committee in Parasi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4710 people living in 738 individual households.

Lumbini Zone
Lumbini (Nepali: लुम्बिनी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructure of zones to provinces. Within the zone is the city of Lumbini, widely believed to be the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism and renowned as a major Buddhist pilgrimage site. The zone's headquarters was Butwal.
Hitoyoshi Castle
Hitoyoshi Castle (人吉城, Hitoyoshi-jō) was an Edo period flatlands-style Japanese castle located in the city of Hitoyoshi, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan.  Its ruins have been protected as a National Historic Site since 1961. It is No.93 on the list "100 Fine Castles of Japan". Since the Sagara clan was appointed jitō (land steward) n the Kamakura period, the clan inhabited this castle for 35 generations, for 670 years until the Meiji restoration of 1871.

100 Fine Castles of Japan
The castles in Top 100 Japanese Castles or 100 Fine Castles of Japan (日本百名城, Nihon Hyaku-Meijō) were chosen based on their significance in culture, history, and in their regions by the Japanese Castle Association (日本城郭協会, Nihon Jōkaku Kyōkai) in 2006.

In 2017, the Japanese Castle Association created an additional finest 100 castles list as Continued Top 100 Japanese Castles.
Gillenwater
Gillenwater is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carden Gillenwater (1918–2000), American Major League Baseball player

Claral Gillenwater (1900–1978), American Major League Baseball player

James R. Gillenwater (1871–1946), American Medal of Honor recipient

Jay Y. Gillenwater, co-discoverer of Schmitt Gillenwater Kelly syndrome, a genetic disease

James R. Gillenwater
James Robert Gillenwater (October 28, 1871 – January 19, 1946) was a Corporal with Company A, 36th Infantry, United States Volunteers when he received the Medal of Honor for actions near Porac, Luzon, Philippine Islands, September 3, 1899. Date of issue: March 1, 1902.  He was born and entered service at Rye Cove, Virginia.

He died January 19, 1946. He was first buried at Payne Cemetery and later moved to Highland Cemetery in Rogersville, Tennessee.
Stomiiformes
Stomiiformes /ˈstɒmi.ɪfɔːrmiːz/ is an order of deep-sea ray-finned fishes of very diverse morphology. It includes, for example, dragonfishes, lightfishes (Gonostomatidae and Phosichthyidae), loosejaws, marine hatchetfishes and viperfishes. The order contains 4 families (5 according to some authors) with more than 50 genera and at least 410 species. As usual for deep-sea fishes, there are few common names for species of the order, but the Stomiiformes as a whole are often called dragonfishes and allies or simply stomiiforms.

The scientific name means "Stomias-shaped", from Stomias (the type genus) + the standard fish order suffix "-formes". It ultimately derives from Ancient Greek stóma (στόμᾶ, "mouth") + Latin forma ("external form"), the former in reference to the huge mouth opening of these fishes.

The earliest stomiiform is Paravinciguerria from the Cenomanian of Morocco and Italy.

Viperfish
A viperfish is any species of the genus Chauliodus, marine fish inhabiting the twilight or mesopelagic zone. Viperfish are at most around 30 cm (12 in), and are characterized by silvery scales, long needle-like teeth and photophores along the ventral side of their body (though other fish of the family Stomiidae often have the latter two traits).

The photophores or light organs allow viperfish to bioluminesce, which likely allows them to camouflage against the 1% of sunlight that reaches to below 200 m (660 ft) depth, an ability known as counter-illumination. They are found all around the world in tropical and temperate oceans, and undergo diel vertical migration to feed.
Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis
Electronic Letters on Computer Vision and Image Analysis (usually abbreviated ELCVIA) is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal focusing on computer vision and image analysis (subfields of artificial intelligence) as well as image processing (a subfield of signal processing). It was established in 2002 and is published by the Computer Vision Center (Autonomous University of Barcelona).

Image analysis
Image analysis or imagery analysis is the extraction of meaningful information from images; mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques. Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading bar coded tags or as sophisticated as identifying a person from their face.

Computers are indispensable for the analysis of large amounts of data, for tasks that require complex computation, or for the extraction of quantitative information.  On the other hand, the human visual cortex is an excellent image analysis apparatus, especially for extracting higher-level information, and for many applications — including medicine, security, and remote sensing — human analysts still cannot be replaced by computers.  For this reason, many important image analysis tools such as edge detectors and neural networks are inspired by human visual perception models.
Necco Wafers
Necco Wafers are a sugar-based candy, sold in rolls of variously-flavored thin disks. First produced in 1847, they became the namesake and core product of the now-defunct New England Confectionery Company (Necco), which operated near Boston, Massachusetts. It is the oldest American candy brand still in production (although Good & Plenty is the oldest continually produced American candy brand). 
Production of the candy was suspended in July 2018 when Necco went into bankruptcy, but returned in May 2020 after purchase of the brand and production equipment by the Spangler Candy Company.

Each roll of Necco Wafers contains eight flavors: lemon (yellow), lime (green), orange (orange), clove (purple), cinnamon (white), wintergreen (pink), licorice (black), and chocolate (brown). The ingredients in Necco Wafers are sugar, corn syrup, gelatin, gums, colorings, and flavorings.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Hand of the Dead Body
"Hand of the Dead Body" is a hip-hop song written and performed by American rappers Scarface and Ice Cube. It was released in late 1994 via Rap-A-Lot Records as the second single from Scarface's third solo studio album The Diary. Produced by Uncle Eddie, Scarface himself, Mike Dean and N.O. Joe, it features an uncredited additional vocals from Devin the Dude on the chorus.

In the United States, the single peaked at number 74 on the Billboard Hot 200, number 39 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, number 57 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay, number nine on the Hot Rap Songs and number 22 on the Dance Singles Sales charts. It also made it to number 41 on the UK singles chart and number 12 on the Official Dance Singles Chart in the United Kingdom.

The song's lyrics is centered on the government, the media and music critics who are quick to attack gangsta rap for violence on the streets. A music video featuring Scarface and Ice Cube rapping in a conference was also released.

N.O. Joe
Joseph Johnson (born March 31, 1975), known by his stage name N.O. Joe, is an American musician, hip hop record producer and songwriter. N.O. Joe was a pioneer of the Southern Hip Hop sound during the 1990s. He operates a production company named Gumbo Funk, which is also a name given to his melange of musical styles
John Holtby
John Norman Holtby (born 27 March 1982 in Beverley) is a rugby union player currently playing wing for Birmingham & Solihull. He has played play premiership rugby for Leicester Tigers and Leeds (now Yorkshire Carnegie) and has participated in the Heineken Cup.

Loughborough Students RUFC
Loughborough Students Rugby Football Club represents Loughborough University in rugby union competition. Of the British universities, Loughborough has unparalleled success, having won the BUCS championship (in its former guises as the BUSA and UAU championship) on twenty-seven occasions. It fields five sides in the BUCS league, (inter-university) in the fourth tier National League 2 West and seventh tier Counties 1 Midlands East (North) of the English rugby union system, ]. The club has fielded over seventy internationals (male and female), many of whom won caps while playing for the club.
Elymus violaceus
Elymus violaceus, many synonyms including Elymus sierrae, is a species of wild rye.

It is a perennial grass with stems growing 30 to 50 centimeters long and decumbent along the ground at maturity. The inflorescence is a series of single-spikelet nodes a few centimeters long, each spikelet with an outward-curved awn up to 2.5 centimeters long.

Awn (botany)
An awn is a hairy or bristle-like growth on a plant.

On the seeds of grasses such as barley or rye, they form foxtails which assist seed dispersal by being barbed and so sticking to passing animals.  Also, the awns may twist or curl as they are wetted and dry out and this action can make fallen seeds walk until they fall into a crevice into which they then burrow.

Besides grasses, other families of plants which have awns include Asteraceae such as sunflowers and Geraniaceae such as geraniums.  In the latter, the awns help disperse the seeds by developing a tension which then catapults the seeds when the seed head ripens and dries out.
Human blood group systems
The term human blood group systems is defined by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) as systems in the human species where cell-surface antigens—in particular, those on blood cells—are "controlled at a single gene locus or by two or more very closely linked homologous genes with little or no observable recombination between them", and include the common ABO and Rh (Rhesus) antigen systems, as well as many others; 48 human systems are identified as of 31 May 2025.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
Ogaki Minamo
The Ogaki Minamo (大垣ミナモ, Ōgaki Minamo) are a Japanese women's softball team based in Ogaki, Gifu. The Minamo compete in the Japan Diamond Softball League (JD.League) as a member of the league's East Division.

Ōgaki
Ōgaki (大垣市, Ōgaki-shi) is a city located in Gifu, Japan. As of October 31, 2018, the city had an estimated population of 161,539, and a population density of 782 persons per km2 in 65,931 households. The total area of the city was 206.57 square kilometres (79.76 sq mi).  Ōgaki was the final destination for the haiku poet Matsuo Bashō on one of his long journeys as recounted in his book Oku no Hosomichi. Every November the city holds a Bashō Festival.
Teater Tun Siti Hasmah
Teater Tun Siti Hasmah is a Malaysian play directed by Erma Fatima and starring Lisa Surihani, Eja, Nazim Othman and Esma Danial.  It depicts the life of Tun Dr. Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali, wife of Malaysian prime minister Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, concentrating largely on her role as a doctor and medical officer in her youth before becoming Malaysia's first lady. The play was produced in November 2012 at the Istana Budaya, Malaysia's "Palace of Culture" and main theatrical venue.

Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.
USS Walke (DD-416)
USS Walke (DD-416) was a World War II-era Sims-class destroyer in the service of the United States Navy, named after Rear Admiral Henry A. Walke USN (1809–1896). Walke operated with the Neutrality Patrol in the Caribbean before World War II and fought in the Pacific Theater during the war before being sunk in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal.

Walke was laid down by the Naval Shipyard at Boston in Massachusetts on 31 May 1938, launched on 20 October 1939 by Mrs. Clarence Dillon, grandniece of Rear Admiral Walke and commissioned on 27 April 1940.

Pacific Ocean theater of World War II
The Pacific Ocean theater of World War II was a major theater of the Pacific War, the war between the Allies and the Empire of Japan. It included the U.S. Pacific Ocean Areas command, which comprised most of the Pacific Ocean and its islands.

The Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British Borneo, Australia, most of the Territory of New Guinea, and the western Solomons were under a different Allied command.
Danviken Hospital
Danvikens hospital was a historical Swedish hospital, insane asylum and retirement home in Stockholm, active in 1558–1861. The area belonged to Stockholms kommun until 1984, when it was transferred to Nacka kommun.

The Danvikens hospital was founded by the initiative of King Gustav Vasa in 1558. The current building is designed by Göran Josuæ Adelcrantz (1668–1739) and dates back to 1718–1725. From the 1740s, the hospital also functioned as an Insane asylum. The hospital is frequently mentioned within literature and during the 18th and 19th centuries; the name Danviken was used in common language as a synonym for a "Mad House". A famous description of the Danviken Asylum was Fältskärns berättelser (The tales of a Feldsher) by Zacharias Topelius from the 1780s. The facilities were emptied in 1861 and the asylum closed in 1863 because of the decaying buildings. It is now used as an Art Gallery.

Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).
Puerto Rico Economic Development Bank
The Economic Development Bank for Puerto Rico —Spanish: Banco de Desarrollo Económico para Puerto Rico (BDE)— is a government-owned corporation of Puerto Rico that provides loans, loan guarantees, and funds to private organizations whose economic activities have the effect of replacing imports in Puerto Rico. The Bank was established by Law No. 22 of 1985.

Loan guarantee
A loan guarantee, in finance, is a promise by one party (the guarantor) to assume the debt obligation of a borrower if that borrower defaults. A guarantee can be limited or unlimited, making the guarantor liable for only a portion or all of the debt.