hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernst Ludwig Theodor Henke
Ernst Ludwig Theodor Henke (22 February 1804 in Helmstedt – 1 December 1872 in Marburg), was a German theologian and historian, and the son of the theologian Heinrich Henke (1752–1809). He was the father of anatomist Wilhelm von Henke (1834–1896).

From 1820, he studied at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig, then continued his education at the Universities of Göttingen and Jena, where he was influenced by his later father-in-law Jakob Friedrich Fries (1773–1843) and Ludwig Baumgarten-Crusius (1788–1843). In 1826 he received his doctorate of philosophy, later returning to Braunschweig, where he taught classes at the Collegium Carolinum. In 1833 he was appointed an associate professor of church history and exegesis at Jena, followed by a full professorship at the University of Marburg (1839).

Exegesis
Exegesis (/ˌɛksɪˈdʒiːsɪs/ ⓘ EK-sih-JEE-sis; from the Greek ἐξήγησις, from ἐξηγεῖσθαι, "to lead out") is a critical explanation or interpretation of a text. The term is traditionally applied to the interpretation of Biblical works. In modern usage, exegesis can involve critical interpretations of virtually any text, including not just religious texts but also philosophy, literature, or virtually any other genre of writing. The phrase Biblical exegesis can be used to distinguish studies of the Bible from other critical textual explanations.

Textual criticism investigates the history and origins of the text, but exegesis may include the study of the historical and cultural backgrounds of the author, text, and original audience. Other analyses include classification of the type of literary genres presented in the text and analysis of grammatical and syntactical features in the text itself.
Qatar Primary Materials Company
Qatar Primary Materials Company (QPMC) (Arabic: شركة قطر للموارد الأولية), is a Qatari company that specializes in establishing and developing sources of raw materials, focuses on the efficiencies of material handling operations, and provides a strategic reserve of primary materials. The firm has seen some controversy, especially with respect to its leadership, environmental impact, and work-related accidents.

Raw material
A raw material, also known as a feedstock, unprocessed material, or primary commodity, is a basic material that is used to produce goods, finished goods, energy, or intermediate materials/Intermediate goods that are feedstock for future finished products. As feedstock, the term connotes these materials are bottleneck assets and are required to produce other products.

The term raw material denotes materials in unprocessed or minimally processed states such as raw latex, crude oil, cotton, coal, raw biomass, iron ore, plastic, air, logs, and water. The term secondary raw material denotes waste material which has been recycled and injected back into use as productive material.
Clare Solar Farm
The Clare Solar Farm is a solar farm located 35 kilometres south-west of Ayr at Clare in North Queensland, Australia.  The 125 megawatt DC power station is owned by Lighthouse Solar.  Construction commenced in 2016 and was complete by May 2018. It features 393,300 single-axis tracking panels spread over 300 hectares.  The solar panels were supplied by Trina Solar.

Electricity was first exported to the grid in 2018.

The power station has a power purchase agreement with Origin Energy.  Operations and maintenance contracts were awarded to Downer EDI.

Downer Group
Downer Group is an integrated services company active in Australia and New Zealand listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and New Zealand Stock Exchange

Downer Group employs approximately 26,000 people across more than 200 sites, primarily in Australia and New Zealand, but also in the Asia-Pacific region, South America and southern Africa.
Fernand Baldet
Fernand Baldet (16 March 1885 – 8 November 1964) was a French astronomer.

He worked with Count Aymar de la Baume Pluvinel observing Mars from the newly built observatory on Pic du Midi in 1909. The resulting photographs, taken with the 0.5 metre (20 inch) reflecting Baillaud telescope, were so sharp that they were able to disprove Percival Lowell's claim of geometrical canals on the planet's surface.

Baldet was the president of the Société astronomique de France (SAF), the French astronomical society, from 1939 to 1945. In 1946, Baldet and Charles Maurain jointly received the Prix Jules Janssen, the society's highest award.

The crater Baldet on the Moon and the crater Baldet on Mars were named in his honour.

Baldet was French pioneer of color photography working in Autochrome Lumière, Kodachrome and Agfacolor before the Second World War.

Agfacolor
Agfacolor was a series of color film products made by Agfa of Germany. The first Agfacolor, introduced in 1932, was a film-based version of their Agfa-Farbenplatte (Agfa color plate), a "screen plate" product similar to the French Autochrome. In late 1936, Agfa introduced Agfacolor Neu (New Agfacolor), a pioneering color film of the general type still in use today. The new Agfacolor was originally a reversal film used for making "slides", home movies and short documentaries. By 1939, it had also been adapted into a negative film and a print film for use by the German motion picture industry. After World War II, the Agfacolor brand was applied to several varieties of color negative film for still photography, in which the negatives were used to make color prints on paper. The reversal film was then marketed as Agfachrome.  These films use Color Developing Agent 1 in their color developer.
Norton Knatchbull
Norton Knatchbull is the name of:

Sir Norton Knatchbull (MP for Hythe) (1569–1636), MP for Hythe, 1609

Sir Norton Knatchbull, 1st Baronet (1602–1685), English MP for Kent and New Romney

Norton Knatchbull, 6th Baron Brabourne (1922–1943), British peer and soldier

Norton Knatchbull, 3rd Earl Mountbatten of Burma (born 1947), British peer

Sir Norton Knatchbull, 1st Baronet
Sir Norton Knatchbull, 1st Baronet (26 December 1602 – 3 February 1685) was an English scholar and politician who represented Kent and New Romney in the House of Commons of England between 1640 and 1679.
Onésiphore Ernest Talbot
Onésiphore Ernest Talbot (August 15, 1854 – May 6, 1934) was a Canadian politician.

Born in St-Arsène, Temiscouata County, Canada East, Talbot was educated at St. Michel and the Quebec Seminary. A farmer, he was a member of the Council of Agriculture in the Province of Quebec and was awarded Quebec's Ordre national du mérite agricole. He was a Lieutenant-Colonel with the 17th Regiment de Lévis and Bellechasse. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for Bellechasse in the 1896 federal election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1900, 1904, and 1908. He was defeated in 1911.

Order of Agricultural Merit
The Order of Agricultural Merit (French: Ordre du Mérite agricole) is an order of merit bestowed by the French Republic for outstanding contributions to agriculture. When it was created in 1883, it was second in importance only to the Legion of Honour within the French order of precedence.
Today Is Vintage
Today Is Vintage is an entertainment company founded in 2012 in Malmö, Sweden, by Rebin Shah, known professionally as Rebstar.

The company operates across recorded music, publishing, artist management, and film and television development. In 2019, Today Is Vintage relocated its headquarters to New York City as part of its expansion into the United States and international markets.

Megan Callahan-Shah
Megan Callahan-Shah (born February 1985) is an American television writer known for her work on Saturday Night Live.

Callahan-Shah was born in Illinois to Paul and Jane Callahan in Downers Grove, Illinois. She graduated from Benet Academy in 2003. She attended NYU Tisch School of the Arts, graduating in 2008 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts. She has written for Weekend Update since 2015, becoming head writer in 2023.
Gallupville House
Gallupville House, also known as Old Hall, is a historic hotel located at Gallupville in Schoharie County, New York.  It was built in 1872 and is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame building, with a 1-story porch on the front and a 2-story addition in the rear dated to 1890.  It features a hipped tin roof crowned by a large square cupola.  It was used as a hotel into the 1920s when it was converted to the I.O.O.F. Hall.  It was later used by the local Grange and for town offices.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

National Grange
The National Grange, also known as The Grange and officially named The National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, is a social organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture. The Grange, founded after the Civil War in 1867, is the oldest American agricultural advocacy group with a national scope. The Grange actively lobbied state legislatures and Congress for political goals, such as the Granger Laws to lower rates charged by railroads, and rural free mail delivery by the Post Office.

In 2025, the Grange had a membership of 140,000, with organizations in 1,400 communities. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., in a building built by the organization in 1960. Many rural communities in the United States still have a Grange Hall and local Granges continue to serve as a center of rural life for many farming communities.
1988 Hargeisa-Burao offensive
The 1988 Hargeisa Burao offensive (Somali: Gudo-galkii Hargeysa iyo Burco) was a major offensive conducted during the Somaliland War of Independence in May 1988 by the Somali National Movement on the cities of Hargeisa and Burao, then the second and third largest cities of Somalia. The SNM captured Burao on 27 May within two hours, while the SNM entered Hargeisa on 29 May, overrunning most of the city apart from its airport by 1 June. During the offensive the Somali National Army committed gross human rights violations, including attacking the civilian population using heavy artillery and tanks.

Isaaq
The Isaaq (Somali: Reer Sheekh Isxaaq) is a major Somali clan. It is one of the largest Somali clan families in the Horn of Africa, with a large and densely populated traditional territory. 
The Isaaq people claim in a traditional legend to have descended from Sheikh Ishaaq bin Ahmed, an Islamic scholar who purportedly traveled to Somaliland in the 12th or 13th century and married two women; one from the local Dir clan. He is said to have sired eight sons who are the common ancestors of the clans of the Isaaq clan-family. He remained in Maydh until his death.
1990 Dutch Open – Doubles
There was no defending champions for this year, as the previous final between Tomás Carbonell and Diego Pérez against Paul Haarhuis and Mark Koevermans was cancelled due to rain.

Pérez did not compete this year. Carbonell teamed up with Carlos Costa and lost in first round to tournament winners Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez.

Haarhuis and Koevermans reached the final again, but lost to Casal and Sánchez 7–5, 7–5.

Tomás Carbonell (tennis)
Tomás Carbonell Lladó (born 7 August 1968) is a former professional tennis player from Spain.

Carbonell won 2 singles and 22 doubles titles on the ATP Tour in his career. He won the French Open in 2001 in mixed doubles with Virginia Ruano Pascual and twice reached the semifinals of the French Open in men's doubles, in 1999 with Pablo Albano, and in 2000 with Martín García. Carbonell reached his highest singles ranking of World No. 40 on 15 April 1996, and his highest doubles ranking of World No. 22 on 9 October 1995. He retired from the tour in 2001.
Laura Fogli
Laura Fogli (born 5 October 1959) is an Italian former long-distance runner who specialized in the marathon race. She finished ninth at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics and sixth at the 1988 Seoul Olympics. She also won silver medals at the European Championships in 1982 and 1986, and finished second in the New York City Marathon in 1983 and 1988. Her marathon victories include Rome (1982) and Pittsburgh (1986).

European Athletics Championships
The European Athletics Championships is a biennial (from 2010) athletics event organised by the European Athletic Association and is recognised as the elite continental outdoor athletics championships for Europe.
2025 Africa Eco Race
The 2025 Africa Eco Race is the 16th edition of the rally raid in North Africa. Departing from Monaco on 28 December 2024 it travelled through Morocco, Mauritania, and finished in Senegal after travelling by boat from France.

Rally raid
Rally raid is a type of off-road motorsport event competed with different types of vehicles. Along with shorter baja rallies, rally raid constitutes cross-country rallying. Both the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) co-organise a common World Rally-Raid Championship featuring the same events and types of vehicles.

The length of a rally raid can be as short as 2–3 days to as long as 15 days with marathon rally raids like the Dakar Rally. With skill in navigation being key, the driving skill and endurance of riders, drivers, co-drivers, and machines are put to the test. The total distance covered can be between 600 km to over 5,000 km with terrain ranging from sandy dunes, forest roads, mountain roads, and dry river beds; among others.
Turowszczyzna
Turowszczyzna [turɔfʂˈt͡ʂɨzna] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czeremcha, within Hajnówka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.

Hajnówka County
Hajnówka County (Polish: powiat hajnowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland, on the border with Belarus. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Hajnówka, which lies 51 kilometres (32 mi) south-east of the regional capital Białystok. The only other town in the county is Kleszczele, lying 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Hajnówka.

The county covers an area of 1,623.65 square kilometres (626.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 42,851, out of which the population of Hajnówka is 20,580, that of Kleszczele is 1,250, and the rural population is 21,021.
Nicolas Burtin
Nicolas Burtin (born 15 January 1972 in Bonneville, Haute-Savoie) is a former French Alpine skier.  Burtin was a member of the French national team from 1992, and took part in 98 World Cup races in his career, of which 84 were downhill, 13 Super-G plus one giant slalom. He also competed at the 1994 Winter Olympics and the 1998 Winter Olympics.

The only victory of his career came in March 1998, when he finished first in the downhill at Kvitfjell. He also had three second-places. At the Winter Olympics at Kvitfjell in 1994 he came in seventh place. He took part in his last race in January 2006.

Nicolas' younger brother, Raphaël, is also a French national team Alpine skier.

Kvitfjell
Kvitfjell (Norwegian: White mountain) is a ski resort in Ringebu Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway.

Developed for the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, it is one of the most modern resorts in the world, with snowmaking on 80% of the alpine pistes. Based near the river Gudbrandsdalslågen, the resort offers 23 pistes: 5 green (nursery), 9 blue (beginner), 6 red (intermediate), and 3 black (advanced). Kvitfjell is also home to a terrain park and 120 km (75 mi) of cross-country pistes, with access to 480 km (300 mi) extra in Skei and Gålå.
Acanthocasuarina muellerianae
Acanthocasuarina muellerianae is a species of jumping plant lice, first found on plants of the genus Allocasuarina in Australia. The species is characterised by exhibiting an elongate habitus; short Rs and short cubital forewing cells; ventral genal processes beneath the apical margin of its vertex; short antennae; and nymphs that are elongate and very sclerotised (scale-like). It possesses rhinaria on its fourth, sixth, eighth and ninth antennal segments; the species' hind tibia has one outer and two inner spurs, while the female's proctiger carries an apical hook posteriorly.

Allocasuarina
Allocasuarina, commonly known as sheoak or she-oak, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Casuarinaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Allocasuarina are trees or shrubs with soft, pendulous, green branchlets, the leaves reduced to scale-like teeth. Allocasuarinas are either monoecious or dioecious, the flowers never bisexual. Male and female flowers are arranged in spikes, the female spikes developing into cone-like structures enclosing winged seeds.

The genera Allocasuarina and Casuarina are similar, and many formerly in the latter now included in Allocasuarina.
Trine University
Trine University is a private university in Angola, Indiana, and Fort Wayne, Indiana, with education centers in Detroit, Phoenix, and Reston, Virginia. It was founded in 1884 and is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Reston, Virginia
Reston is a census-designated place in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States, and a principal city of both Northern Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Reston's population was 63,226.

Founded in 1964, Reston was influenced by the Garden City movement that emphasized planned, self-contained communities that intermingled green space, residential neighborhoods, and commercial development. The intent of Reston's founder, Robert E. Simon, was to build a town that would revolutionize post–World War II concepts of land use and residential/corporate development in suburban America.
Adwaith
Adwaith (transl. 'Reaction') are a Welsh language indie rock group from Carmarthen in West Wales, formed in 2015. The group consists of Hollie Singer (vocals, guitar), Gwenllian Anthony (bass, keys, mandolin) and Heledd Owen (drums). Signed to Libertino Records, they released their first album Melyn in 2018. Both Melyn and its follow-up Bato Mato (2022) won Welsh Music Prize awarded for the best album from Wales, making Adwaith the first act to receive the award twice. A third album, Solas, was released in February 2025. They are currently on a performing break.

Tafwyl
The Tafwyl festival is an annual Welsh-language festival which takes place in Cardiff, Wales. It culminates with a two day open air festival, normally held in Bute Park, and previously held in Cardiff Castle.
Racquet Club
Racquet Club or similar may mean:

Calcutta Racket Club

Manchester Tennis and Racquet Club

Racquet and Tennis Club, New York

Racquet Club of Chicago

Racquet Club of Memphis

Racquet Club of Palm Springs, California

Racquet Club of Philadelphia

Racquet Club, Liverpool, England: its clubhouse was destroyed in the 1981 Toxteth riots

Tennis and Racquet Club, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Racket Club, a virtual reality game that combines various racket-based sports

Calcutta Racket Club
The Calcutta Racket Club is a squash and racquet club in Kolkata, India. It was founded in 1793, making it one of the oldest rackets clubs in the world, and the first in the subcontinent. Of its seven squash courts, two are glass-backed international standard tournament courts.

The Club is the administrative headquarters of The West Bengal Squash Racquet Association that is affiliated to the Squash Racket Federation of India. It has hosted the Kolkata International, an international squash tournament in 2005 and hosts all major squash activities and training in eastern India.
Villavar
Villavar was a tribe of hunters that lived in Tamilakam, the southern part of ancient India. The word villavar derives from the Tamil word for bow (vil). The Villavars lived in hill tracts and forests. Chera kings used the title villavan.
Kulasekhara Alwar, the founder of the later Chera dynasty, called himself "Villavar Kon", king of Villavars, in a Tamil work written by him known as Perumal Thirumozhi.

Bow and arrow
The bow and arrow is a ranged weapon system consisting of an elastic launching device (bow) and long-shafted projectiles (arrows). Humans used bows and arrows for hunting and aggression long before recorded history, and the practice was common to many prehistoric cultures. They were important weapons of war from ancient history until the early modern period, when they were rendered increasingly obsolete by the development of the more powerful and accurate firearms. Today, bows and arrows are mostly used for hunting and sports.

Archery is the art, practice, or skill of using bows to shoot arrows. A person who shoots arrows with a bow is called a bowman or an archer. Someone who makes bows is known as a bowyer, someone who makes arrows is a fletcher, and someone who manufactures metal arrowheads is an arrowsmith.
Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Group
Chengdu Kanghong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd. is a publicly traded pharmaceutical company based in the province of Sichuan, China. It was founded in 1996 and researches, develops, manufactures, and distributes medicines for ophthalmic, central nervous, digestive and endocrine systems. The company is listed on the Shenzhen stock exchange with a market capitalization at around $6 billion.

As of May 2021, the company had 18 drugs on the market including Lumitin (conbercept). Additional products include Songling xuemaikang capsules, Keluoxin capsules, Xinluona (Mosapride Citrate), Bolexin (Venlafaxine hydrochloride capsules) and Bosiqing (Aripiprazole tablets), Yitaning (Dexzopiclone tablets), Shugan Jieyu (capsules), Danshu (capsules), and Yiqing (capsules). Kanghong also currently has 13 subsidiaries in China, Israel, and the United States.

Shenzhen Stock Exchange
The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shenzhen, in the People's Republic of China. It is one of three stock exchanges operating independently in Mainland China, the others being the Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is situated in the Futian district of Shenzhen. The SZSE is the world's 6th largest stock exchange with a market capitalization exceeding US$4.4 trillion in July 2024.
Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council elections
Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council elections are generally held three years out of every four, with a third of the council being elected each time. Solihull Metropolitan Borough Council is the local authority for the metropolitan borough of Solihull in the West Midlands, England. Since the last boundary changes in 2004, 51 councillors have been elected from 17 wards.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.
Mala Slevica
Mala Slevica (pronounced [ˈmaːla ˈsleːʋitsa]; in older sources also Mala Slivica, German: Kleinsliwitz) is a settlement south of Velike Lašče in central Slovenia. The entire Municipality of Velike Lašče is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Velike Lašče
The Municipality of Velike Lašče (pronounced [ˈʋeːlikɛ ˈlaːʃtʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Velike Lašče) is a municipality in Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Velike Lašče. It is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

The area is the birthplace of a number of notable Slovene writers: Primož Trubar, Josip Stritar, Fran Levstik, and Jože Javoršek.