hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Donald Kingdon
Sir Donald Kingdon (24 November 1883 – 17 December 1961) was a British judicial officer who served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria from 1929 to 1946. He remains Nigeria's longest serving Chief Justice. He served under Graeme Thomson, Donald Cameron, Bernard Bourdillon, and Arthur Richards. He also served as the Attorney-General of Nigeria, from 1919 to 1925, and edited and composed several authoritative books about West African laws.

Sir
Sir is a formal honourific address in English for men, derived from Sire in the High Middle Ages. Both are derived from the old French "Sieur" (Lord), brought to England by the French-speaking Normans, and which now exists in French only as part of "Monsieur" lit. 'my lord'.

Traditionally, as governed by law and custom, Sir is used for men who are knights and belong to certain orders of chivalry, as well as later applied to baronets and other offices.

As the female equivalent for knighthood is damehood, the suo jure female equivalent term is typically Dame. The wife of a knight or baronet tends to be addressed as Lady, although a few exceptions and interchanges of these uses exist.

Additionally, since the late modern period, Sir has been used as a respectful way to address a man of superior social status or military rank. Equivalent terms of address for women are Madam (shortened to Ma'am), in addition to social honourifics such as Mrs, Ms, or Miss.
Stand on Zanzibar
Stand on Zanzibar is a dystopian New Wave science fiction novel written by John Brunner and first in part published in NEW WORLDS in 1967 and in book form in 1968. The book won a Hugo Award for Best Novel at the 27th World Science Fiction Convention in 1969, as well as the 1969 BSFA Award and the 1973 Prix Tour-Apollo Award.

BSFA Award
The BSFA Awards are literary awards presented annually since 1970 by the British Science Fiction Association (BSFA) to honour works in the genre of science fiction. Nominees and winners are chosen based on a vote of BSFA members. More recently, members of the Eastercon convention have also been eligible to vote.
Oebele Schokker
Oebele Schokker (born 11 November 1984) is a Dutch former professional footballer. He formerly played for SC Cambuur, FC Emmen and Harkemase Boys.

From the beginning of the 2017–18 season, Schokker began playing in the first team of VV Jubbega of the lower tier Tweede Klasse, also serving as an assistant coach. In April 2019, he returned to his youth club, UDIROS, where he heads the youth department.

FC Emmen
FC Emmen is a Dutch professional football club based in Emmen, Netherlands. It currently plays in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch football, following relegation from the Eredivisie in the 2022–23 season. Founded in 1925, the club entered the professional Eerste Divisie in 1985. In 2018, FC Emmen was promoted to the Eredivisie for the first time. Home games are played at De Oude Meerdijk.
Młyńsko, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Młyńsko [ˈmwɨɲskɔ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kartuzy, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kartuzy County
Kartuzy County (Polish: powiat kartuski; Kashubian: kartësczi pòwiat) is a county in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with administrative seat and largest town being Kartuzy.

It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The only other town in the county is Żukowo. The county covers an area of 1,120.04 square kilometres (432.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 137,942, out of which the population of Kartuzy is 14,536, that of Żukowo is 6,691, and the rural population is 116,715.

Kartuzy County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kartuzy County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the north, the city of Gdynia to the north-east, the city of Gdańsk and Gdańsk County to the east, Kościerzyna County to the south, Bytów County to the west, and Lębork County to the north-west.
Bertha van Heukelom
Bertha van Heukelom (died 1322), was a Dutch noble, the legendary heroine of the Siege of IJsselstein Castle in 1296. She was the daughter of Otto I van Arkel lord of Heukelom (fl. 1254-1283) and married around 1280  to Gijsbrecht van IJsselstein (d. 1344).

In 1296, her spouse was imprisoned in Culemborg by Hubrecht van Vianen of Culemborg as a loyalist of the County of Holland, in the then ongoing local feud between Holland and the bishopric of Utrecht. Bertha defended the castle against the siege by Culemborg during the imprisonment of her spouse. Her defense was reported by Melis Stoke in his Rijmkroniek and made her a local heroine.

Culemborg
Culemborg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkyləmbɔr(ə)x] ⓘ) is a municipality and a city in the centre of the Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. The city had a population of 29,386 on 1 January 2022 and is situated just south of the Lek river. Direct train lines run from the railway station towards the cities of Utrecht and Den Bosch, via the near railway bridge.
Copa Callao
The Copa Callao, was an exhibition football competition hosted in Callao, Peru in the 2007. It features four Peruvian Primera División teams: Callao's major team Sport Boys as host, and guest teams, Deportivo Municipal, Universidad San Martín and Cienciano. All matches are played at the Estadio Miguel Grau in Callao,

Callao
Callao (Spanish pronunciation: [kaˈʝa.o]) is a seaside city and constitutional province in Peru. Located next to the Pacific Ocean, it forms part of the Lima metropolitan area alongside Lima province. Its autonomous status dates back to 1836, when it was declared a Littoral Province of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation, after which it was declared a Constitutional Province by the government of Ramón Castilla in 1857.

Callao is Peru's chief seaport and home to its main airport, Jorge Chávez International Airport. Founded in 1537 by the Spaniards, the city has a long naval history as one of the main ports in Spanish America and the Pacific, having been a vital Spanish town of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Central Callao is about 15 km (9.3 mi) west of the Historic Centre of Lima.
Modern pentathlon at the 1984 Summer Olympics
The modern pentathlon at the 1984 Summer Olympics was represented by two events: Individual competition and Team competition. As usual in Olympic modern pentathlon, one competition was held and each competitor's score was included to the Individual competition event results table and was also added to his teammates' scores to be included to the Team competition event results table. This competition consisted of 5 disciplines:

Equestrian, held on July 29.

Fencing, held on July 30.

Swimming, held on July 31.

Shooting, held on August 1.

Cross-country, also held on August 1.

The four out of the five events took place at the Coto Equestrian Center in Coto de Caza, California, while the swimming portion was held at the William Woollett Jr. Aquatics Center in nearby Irvine, California.

Irvine, California
Irvine (/ˈɜːrvaɪn/, UR-vine) is a planned city in central Orange County, California, United States, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It was named in 1888 for the landowner James Irvine. The Irvine Company started developing the area in the 1960s and the city was formally incorporated on December 28, 1971. The 66-square-mile (170 km2) city had a population of 318,629 as of June 2025. As of 2025, it is the second most populous city in Orange County, fifth most in the Greater Los Angeles region, and 62nd most in the United States.

Several major corporations in the technology and semiconductor sectors maintain their headquarters in Irvine. Irvine is also home to several higher-education institutions including the University of California, Irvine (UCI), Concordia University, Irvine Valley College, and campuses of University of La Verne and Pepperdine University.
Ferdinand Boyer
Ferdinand Boyer (French: [fɛʁdinɑ̃ bwaje]; 12 October 1823, Nîmes - 26 July 1885) was a French Legitimist politician. He was a member of the National Assembly from 1871 to 1876 and a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1876 to 1885.

National Assembly (1871)
The National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was a French unicameral legislative body elected on 8 February 1871 in the wake of the Armistice of Versailles signed on 26 January 1871 at the end of the Franco-Prussian War. It sat in Bordeaux until 20 March 1871, when it moved to the Palace of Versailles near Paris. The cabinets which issued from it governed France from 19 February 1871 to 31 December 1875.
1343 Naples tsunami
The 1343 tsunami struck the Tyrrhenian Sea and Bay of Naples on 25 November 1343. Underground shocks were felt in Naples and caused significant damage and loss of lives. Of major note was a tsunami created by the earthquake which destroyed many ships in Naples and destroyed many ports along the Amalfi Coast including Amalfi itself. The effects of the tsunami were observed by the poet Petrarch, whose ship was forced to return to port, and recorded in the fifth book of his Epistolae familiares. A 2019 study attributes the event to a massive submarine landslide (possibly greater than 1 km3), caused by flank collapse of the Stromboli volcano.

Amalfi Coast
The Amalfi Coast (Italian: Costiera amalfitana [koˈstjɛːra amalfiˈtaːna] or Costa d'Amalfi) is a stretch of coastline in southern Italy overlooking the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Gulf of Salerno, in Campania. It is located south of the Sorrentine Peninsula and north of the Cilentan Coast.

Attracting international tourists of all classes annually, the Amalfi Coast was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997. Atrani and Vietri sul Mare are marketed as I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Protohepialus
Protohepialus is an extinct genus of moth in the family Hepialidae. It contains only one species, Protohepialus comstocki, which was described from a Tortonian marine shale (Upper Miocene) in the Puente Formation of California.

Puente Formation
The Puente Formation is a geologic formation in California. It preserves fossils dating back to the middle to upper Miocene epoch of the Neogene period, most of which were deposited in a deepwater environment. Owing to its depositional environment, it is one of the very few geologic formations to preserve articulated specimens of fossilized deep-sea anglerfish.

As its name suggests, it primarily outcrops in the Puente Hills.
Minami-Uonuma District, Niigata
Yuzawa-machi

Minami-Uonuma (南魚沼郡, Minami-Uonuma-gun) is a district located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of July 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 7,926 with a density of 22.2 persons per km2. The total area is 50.03 km2.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
The Mau Maus
The Mau Maus, also known as The Mau-Maus, are an American punk rock band from Hollywood, California. They were formed by lead singer and sole constant member Rick Wilder in 1978 following the breakup of the glam rock and proto-punk band, The Berlin Brats, in 1976.  The band is closely tied to the late first-wave punk scene in California. Their signature song, “(I’m) Psychotic,” was first performed by the Berlin Brats and appeared in a scene in the classic stoner film Cheech and Chong’s Up in Smoke (1978).

Proto-punk
Proto-punk (or protopunk) is music that foreshadowed the punk rock genre, particularly rock music artists during the 1960s and early-to mid 1970s. A retrospective label, the musicians involved were generally not originally associated with each other and came from a variety of backgrounds and styles; together, they anticipated many of punk's musical and thematic attributes.

The tendency towards aggressive, raw, simplistic rock songs is a trend rooted in the earliest forms of rock and roll. The American garage rock movement of the mid-1960s is a key influence in the development of punk rock. By the late 1960s, Detroit bands the Stooges and MC5 had taken the influence of garage groups to form a distinct prototypical punk sound. In the following years, this sound spread both domestically and internationally,  alongside glam rock and pub rock, into several regional early underground punk scenes in New York, Ohio, Australia and England.
Ragtime (II)
Ragtime (II) is the third ballet made by New York City Ballet's co-founder and balletmaster George Balanchine to Igor Stravinsky's Ragtime for Eleven Instruments (1918). The premiere took place on July 15, 1966, at Philharmonic Hall, New York. The first City Ballet performance was on January 17, 1967, at New York State Theater, Lincoln Center. The previous ballets made to Stravinsky's Ragtime were Ragtime (I) for City Ballet in 1960 and one of a number of "informal little things" made in St. Petersburg in 1922.

David Geffen Hall
David Geffen Hall is a concert hall at Lincoln Center on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City. The 2,200-seat auditorium opened in 1962, and is the home of the New York Philharmonic.

The facility, designed by Max Abramovitz, was originally named Philharmonic Hall and was renamed Avery Fisher Hall in honor of philanthropist Avery Fisher, who donated $10.5 million ($74 million today) to the orchestra in 1973.  In November 2014, Lincoln Center officials announced Fisher's name would be removed from the Hall so that naming rights could be sold to the highest bidder as part of a $500 million fund-raising campaign to refurbish the Hall.  In 2015, the Hall acquired its present name after David Geffen donated $100 million to Lincoln Center.
WMJW
WMJW (107.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to the city of Rosedale, Mississippi; it has a country music format known as "Majic 107.5" and is owned by Radio Cleveland located in Cleveland, Mississippi.

Cleveland, Mississippi
Cleveland is a city and one of two county seats of Bolivar County, Mississippi, United States, the other seat being Rosedale. The Cleveland population was 11,199 as of the 2020 United States census.

Cleveland has a large commercial economy, with numerous restaurants, stores, and services along U.S. 61. Delta State University and The Grammy Museum Mississippi, the first Grammy Museum outside of Los Angeles, are located here.
Levu Air Cargo
Levu Transporte Aéreo e Logística, known as Levu Air Cargo, is an inoperative Brazilian cargo airline headquartered in Campinas, São Paulo. The company established a strategic partnership with DHL Supply Chain in 2024 to support domestic air freight operations in Brazil. Although operations were temporarily suspended in March 2025, Levu is currently preparing to resume its activities.

Cargo airline
Cargo airlines (or air freight carriers, and derivatives of these names) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air. Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines.
In 2018, airline cargo traffic represented 262,333 million tonne-kilometres with a 49.3% load factor: 52.1% for dedicated cargo operations, and 47.9% within mixed operations (belly freight of passenger airliners).

Dedicated cargo airlines such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, operate a fleet of cargo aircraft and handle the entire freight transportation process. Many airlines, like Emirates and Qatar Airways, have dedicated cargo divisions that operate their own fleet of cargo aircraft alongside their passenger operations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, airlines like American Airlines, Air Canada, and Delta Air Lines utilized their passenger planes, removing seats to create space for cargo, to meet the demand for freight transport.
Soacha Province
Soacha Province is one of the 15 provinces in the Cundinamarca Department, Colombia. Soacha is considered the only borough in the country, and a part of Bogotá, but legally the Colombian Republic considers it a municipality.

Soacha
Soacha is an autonomous municipality of the department of Cundinamarca in Colombia, and part of the Metropolitan Area of Bogotá. It has an important industrial zone and is home to mostly working-class families. Soacha borders Bojacá and Mosquera to the north, Sibaté and Pasca to the south, to the east the capital Bogotá and to the west Granada and San Antonio del Tequendama.
Franziska Preuß
Franziska Preuß (also spelled Preuss, born 11 March 1994) is a German former biathlete and the World Cup winner of the 2024–25 season. She made her World Cup debut during the 2013–14 season and represented Germany at the 2014, 2018, 2022 and 2026 Winter Olympics.

Preuß has won gold medals at the Biathlon World Championships, triumphing in the relay in 2015 and the pursuit in 2025. She also secured the mass start title in the 2014–15 and 2024–25 seasons, along with the sprint title in the 2024–25 season. She achieved two top–3 finishes in the overall World Cup standings, placing third in the 2020–21 season and finally won the World Cup in the 2024–25 season.

Biathlon World Championships 2025
The 2025 Biathlon World Championships took place from 12 to 23 February 2025 at the Roland Arena in Lenzerheide, Switzerland.

The event was the highlight of the 2024–25 Biathlon World Cup, but was not included in its rankings (except for the national rankings). There were a total of 12 competitions: sprint, pursuit, individual, mass start and relay races for both men, women, single mixed relay and a mixed relay.
Roman Libya
The area of North Africa which has been known as Libya since 1911 was under Roman domination between 146 BC and 672 AD (though the region was briefly taken by the Vandals in 430 AD, and then recaptured by the Byzantines).The Latin name Libya at the time referred to the continent of Africa in general, see Ancient Libya. What is now coastal Libya was known as Tripolitania and Pentapolis, divided between the Africa province in the west, and Crete and Cyrenaica in the east. In 296 AD, the Emperor Diocletian separated the administration of Crete from Cyrenaica and in the latter formed the new provinces of "Upper Libya" and "Lower Libya", using the term Libya as a political state for the first time in history.

Olbia, Libya
Olbia or Theodorias (Ancient Greek: Ὀλβία, Θεοδωριάς) was a Roman / Byzantine town between Marj and Bayda in the Cyrenaica region of modern Libya. Olbia is now mostly an archaeological site. The location's modern name is Qasr Libya, after the Islamic period castle (qasr) on the site and Libya or Lebia as a corruption of the ancient name Olbia.
Erica irregularis
Erica irregularis, the Gansbaai heath, is a plant that belongs to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. This plant is native to the Western Cape and occurs from Stanford to Gansbaai. There are three known populations. The plant is extremely popular as cut flowers and this threatens its survival and there is no legislation to protect it. Also, the growth of the invasive plant, rooikrans, is a threat to the plant's habitat. Wildfires also pose a threat to the plant.

Gansbaai
Gansbaai (Dutch/Afrikaans for "bay of geese," sometimes referred to as Gans Bay) is a fishing town and tourist destination in the Overberg District Municipality, Western Cape, South Africa. It is known for its dense population of great white sharks and as a whale watching location.

The main tourist attraction in Gansbaai since approximately 1995 has been cage diving with great white sharks. It is said  that after Kruger National Park, the great white sharks attract some of the highest numbers of tourists to South Africa for any single activity.
Tōgendai Station
Tōgendai Station (Japanese: 桃源台駅, Hepburn: Tōgendai-eki) is a terminal on the Hakone Ropeway in the town of Hakone, Kanagawa, Japan. It is 4.0 kilometers (2.5 mi) from the Hakone Ropeway's opposing terminus at Sōunzan Station. It is located at an altitude of 741 meters (2,431 ft) in the Togendai area of Hakone.

Tōmei Expressway
The Tōmei Expressway (東名高速道路, Tōmei Kōsoku Dōro) is a national expressway on the island of Honshū in Japan. It is operated by Central Nippon Expressway Company. The expressway is designated as E1 under the "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering", because it parallels National Route 1. It is a part of the Asian Highway Network.  AH1
Turtmannsee
The Turtmannsee is a reservoir located south of Gruben/Meiden at the foot of the Turtmann Glacier, in the Swiss canton of Valais. The lake has a surface area of 0.092 km² and is located at 2,177 metres above sea level. It is split between the municipalities of Oberems (west) and Turtmann-Unterems (east). Just above the Turtmannsee lies a smaller reservoir.

Gruben/Meiden
Gruben/Meiden (1,818 m) is a village in the Swiss Alps, located in the canton of Valais. It is situated in the upper Turtmanntal and is traversed by the Turtmanna river. It belongs to the municipality of Oberems and is the main settlement in the valley south of the town of Oberems. The village is inhabited in summer only.
Pharmaceutical engineering
Pharmaceutical engineering is a branch of engineering focused on discovering, formulating, and manufacturing medication, analytical and quality control processes, and on designing, building, and improving manufacturing sites that produce drugs. It utilizes the fields of chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, pharmaceutical sciences, and industrial engineering.

Pharmaceutical formulation
Pharmaceutical formulation, in pharmaceutics, is the process in which the active drug or Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) is combined with different chemical substances to produce a final medicinal product. The word formulation is often used in a way that includes dosage form.
Lawrence Grimsrud
Lawrence Grimsrud (November 10, 1871 – December  28, 1956) was an American lawyer and politician.

Born in Lower Coon Valley, Vernon County, Wisconsin, Grimsrud worked on the family farm. He went to the Breckinridge Institute in Decorah, Iowa. Grimsrud then received his bachelor's degree from St. Olaf College. He then studied law at Drake University, then at a law office in La Crosse, Wisconsin, and was admitted to the Wisconsin bar in 1901. Grimsrud lived briefly in Minot, North Dakota and then practiced law in Westby, Wisconsin. Grimsrud served on the Westby village board, as president of the village, and as village attorney. In 1911 and 1913, Grimsrud served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. In 1918, Grimsrud moved to Viroqua, Wisconsin. Grimsrud died in Viroqua, Wisconsin and was buried at Viroqua Cemetery in Vernon County, Wisconsin.

St. Olaf College
St. Olaf College is a private liberal arts college in Northfield, Minnesota, United States. It was founded in 1874 by a group of Norwegian-American pastors and farmers led by Pastor Bernt Julius Muus. The college is named after the King and the Patron Saint Olaf II of Norway and is affiliated with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.

As of 2025, the college had 3,124 undergraduate students and 326 full and part-time faculty members. The campus, including its adjacent 430-acre (170 ha) natural lands, is west of downtown Northfield, Minnesota. Northfield is also the home of its neighbor and friendly rival, Carleton College. Between 1995 and 2020, 154 St. Olaf graduates were named Fulbright Scholars and 35 received Goldwater Scholarships.