hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zhengtai Campaign
The Zhengtai Campaign (正太战役) was a series of battles fought between the nationalists and the communists during the Chinese Civil War in the post World War II era, and resulted in the communist victory.

North China
North China (Chinese: 华北) is a geographical region of the People's Republic of China, consisting of five provincial-level administrative divisions, namely the direct-administered municipalities Beijing and Tianjin, the provinces Hebei and Shanxi, and the autonomous region Inner Mongolia (although the four prefectures east of the Greater Khingan Range are sometimes regarded as parts of Northeast China).

Part of the larger region of Northern China (Beifang), it lies north of the Qinling–Huaihe Line, with its heartland in the North China Plain. Most inhabitants here speak variants of Northern Chinese languages such as Mandarin, which includes the  Beijing dialect and its cousin variants. The Beijing dialect is largely the basis of Standard Chinese (or Standard Mandarin), the official language of the People's Republic of China. Jin Chinese and Mongolian are also widely spoken due to the political and cultural history of the area.
Karl Marx in Kalbadevi
Karl Marx in Kalbadevi is a 2013 one-man play about the German philosopher Karl Marx played by Satchit Puranik. Written by Uttam Gada and directed by Manoj Shah, the play depicts an imaginary visit by Marx to Kalbadevi, the hypercapitalist area of Mumbai, India. The play tried to introduce to a commercially-minded Gujarati community the ideas of a radical critic of capitalist society, in a style that adopts song, dance, repartee, and interactive badinage with the audience to make his complex ideas more suitable to the taste and cultural background of local audiences.

Karl Marx in Kalbadevi was successful and has had hundreds of performances, but received mixed reviews from theatre critics. It was praised for Puranik's performance and for presenting complex ideas simply but criticised for its script.

Wit
Wit is a form of intelligent humour—the ability to say or write things that are clever and typically funny. Someone witty, also known as a wit, is a person skilled at wit, making spontaneous one-line or single-phrase jokes. Forms of wit include the quip, repartee, and wisecrack.
2012 Tennessee Republican presidential primary
The 2012 Tennessee Republican presidential primary took place on Super Tuesday, March 6, 2012, with 58 national delegates. Former Senator from Pennsylvania, Rick Santorum won the primary with a plurality, carrying 37.11% of the vote and all but four counties, awarding him 29 delegates.

Former Massachusetts Governor and eventual nominee, Mitt Romney, came second with 28.06% of the vote and 19 delegates, carrying only three counties: Davidson, Loudon, and Williamson. Former Speaker of the House of Representatives, Newt Gingrich of neighboring Georgia, came third with 23.96% of the vote and 9 delegates, carrying only the county of Marion. Representative from Texas Ron Paul received 9.04% of the vote, and all other candidates received under 1% of the vote.

Davidson County, Tennessee
Davidson County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is located in the central part of the region of Middle Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 715,884, making it the second most populous county in Tennessee. Its county seat is Nashville, the state capital and most populous city.

Since 1963, the city of Nashville and Davidson County have had a consolidated government called the "Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County", commonly referred to as "Metro Nashville" or "Metro". This is distinct from the larger metropolitan area.

Davidson County has the largest population in the 13-county Nashville metropolitan area, the state's most populous metropolitan area. Nashville has always been one of the region's centers of commerce, industry, transportation, and culture, but it did not become the capital of Tennessee until 1827 and did not gain permanent capital status until 1843.
Merchant Marine Outstanding Achievement Medal
The Merchant Marine Medal for Outstanding Achievement is a decoration of the United States Merchant Marine awarded by the United States Maritime Administration.  It was established in 2002 and is awarded to members of the maritime industry who have made extraordinarily valuable contributions to the merchant marine.

[A]warded to recognize merchant mariners who have participated in an act or operation of humanitarian nature directly to an individual or groups of individuals. This medal may be awarded to those leaders in the maritime industry who have dedicated years of service or achievement and/or given an extraordinary valuable contribution or work to the maritime industry. This medal requires the Maritime Administrator’s approval for award.

United States Maritime Administration
The United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation. MARAD administers financial programs to develop, promote, and operate the U.S. Maritime Service and the U.S. Merchant Marine. In addition, it conducts research and development activities in the maritime field; regulates the transfer of U.S. documented vessels to foreign registries; maintains equipment, shipyard facilities, and reserve fleets of Government-owned ships essential for national defense. MARAD also maintains the National Defense Reserve Fleet (NDRF) as a ready source of ships for use during national emergencies and logistically supporting the military when needed.  MARAD also manages the Ready Reserve Force (RFF) - Naval Reserve officers who can fill in shortages during emergencies and rapidly expand the Navy's capabilities.  And it operates the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point.
2006 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship
The 2006 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship was the 76th staging of the competition since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Traditionally the four provincial championship winners face each other at the All-Ireland semi-final stage.

As the Ulster GAA council did not hold a provincial championship, the fourth semi-final spot was filled by overseas representatives Warwickshire, winners of the 2006 All-Britain Junior Football Championship.

Kerry's victory in the final, against Roscommon on 30 July, was the county's 14th in the history of the All-Ireland Junior Football Championship.

Province (Gaelic games)
A province is a geographic region within Gaelic games, consisting of several counties of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) and originally based on the historic four provinces of Ireland as they were set in 1610.
Træna Lighthouse
Træna Lighthouse (Norwegian: Træna fyr) is a coastal lighthouse in Træna Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located on the island of Sørholmen in the Trænfjorden, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of the main island of Husøya and about 17 kilometres (11 mi) west of the island village of Lovund in Lurøy Municipality.

The lighthouse was built in 1877 and automated in 1974.  It has a granite foundation with an 18-metre (59 ft) tall red cast iron tower.  The light sits at an elevation of 36.8 metres (121 ft) above sea level.  The 88,000-candela light can be seen for about 12.2 nmi (22.6 km; 14.0 mi).  The light emits one white flash every 15 seconds.

Lovund
Lovund is an island and village in Lurøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The island is located west of the Solvær islands and southeast of  Træna Municipality, a neighboring island municipality. Lovund is notable for the large puffin breeding colony located on the rocky north slope of the island.

The village of Lovund (also known as Strand) is located in the northeastern part of the island. The 0.53-square-kilometre (130-acre) village has a population (2023) of 512 and a population density of 966 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,500/sq mi). Lovund Church, located in the village, serves the people of the island.

In June 2024 a new museum was opened to house the oaken Lovund Boat, dated around 1460, close to where its wreck was found. The remnants had been raised from the sandy bottom in 2017. The state of preservation was sufficient to enable a full-scale replica to be made, including tarred wool for keeping the vessel watertight.
Poolfoot Cottage
Poolfoot Cottage is a historic building on Heys Street in Thornton-Cleveleys, Lancashire, England. Originally a pair of cottages, the buildings were later converted into a single dwelling. It has cobble walls, now rendered and whitewashed, with a slate roof. It is in a single storey with five bays.  The windows vary and include French windows, a sliding sash window, and a bay window.  On the front is a modern porch.

Cobblestone
Cobblestone is a natural building material based on cobble-sized stones, and is used for pavement roads, streets, and buildings. Setts, also called Belgian blocks, are often referred to as "cobbles", although a sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped into a regular form, while cobblestones are naturally occurring rounded forms less uniform in size.

It has been used across various cultures for millennia, particularly in Europe, and became especially prominent during the medieval and early modern periods. Today, cobblestone streets are often associated with historic preservation and are used in many cities to maintain the historical character of certain neighborhoods.
Charlie Bauerfeind
Karl Rudolf "Charlie" Bauerfeind (born 30 May 1963) is a German sound engineer and record producer who has worked mostly with power metal bands such as Angra, Blind Guardian, Helloween, Primal Fear, Rage, HammerFall and Saxon.

Primal Fear (band)
Primal Fear is a German power metal band formed in 1997 by Ralf Scheepers (vocals, ex-Gamma Ray) and Mat Sinner (bass and vocals, Sinner). Sinner and Scheepers formed the band after Scheepers was not hired as Rob Halford's replacement in Judas Priest.
Ben Ramsey (politician)
Benjamin Turner Ramsey (December 28, 1903 – March 27, 1985) was an American politician who served as the 34th lieutenant governor of Texas from 1951 to 1961 and as the 59th secretary of state of Texas from 1949 to 1950. A member of the Democratic Party, Ramsey also served in both houses of the Texas Legislature and in the Railroad Commission of Texas.

Texas Legislature
The Texas State Legislature is the legislative branch of Texas. The Texas Legislature is a bicameral body composed of a 31-member Senate and a 150-member House of Representatives. It meets every two years in regular session, starting on the second Tuesday in January of odd-numbered years, and sessions can last up to 140 days. It’s a powerful part of the Texas government because of its control over state spending, its strong connection to the lieutenant governor, and Texas’s plural executive system.

In the 89th Legislature (2025), Republicans hold 88 of the 150 seats in the House and 20 of the 31 seats in the Senate.
Woman with a Hat
Woman with a Hat (French: La femme au chapeau) is an oil-on-canvas painting by Henri Matisse. It depicts Matisse's wife, Amélie Matisse. It was painted in 1905 and exhibited at the Salon d'Automne during the autumn of the same year, along with works by André Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck and several other artists later known as "Fauves".

Critic Louis Vauxcelles, in comparing the paintings of Matisse and his associates with a Renaissance-type sculpture displayed alongside them, used the phrase "Donatello chez les fauves..." (Donatello among the wild beasts). Woman with a Hat was at the center of this controversy, marking a stylistic shift in the work of Matisse from the Divisionist brushstrokes of his earlier work to a more expressive style. Its loose brushwork and "unfinished" quality shocked viewers as much as its vivid, non-naturalistic colors.

Divisionism
Divisionism, also called chromoluminarism, is the characteristic style in Neo-Impressionist painting defined by the separation of colors into individual dots or patches that interact optically.

By requiring the viewer to combine the colors optically instead of physically mixing pigments, Divisionists believed that they were achieving the maximum luminosity scientifically possible. Georges Seurat founded the style around 1884 as chromoluminarism, drawing from his understanding of the scientific theories of Michel Eugène Chevreul, Ogden Rood and Charles Blanc, among others. Divisionism developed along with another style, Pointillism, which is defined specifically by the use of dots of paint and does not necessarily focus on the separation of colors.
Parachartergus apicalis
Parachartergus apicalis is a species of wasp in the Polistinae subfamily, found in the Neotropics. It was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1804. In Honduras, they are known as alas blancas, which translates into English as "white wings".

Johan Christian Fabricius
Johann Christian Fabricius (7 January 1745 – 3 March 1808) was a Danish zoologist, specialising in the "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others. He was a student of Carl Linnaeus, and is considered one of the most important entomologists of the 18th century, having named nearly 10,000 species of animals, and established the basis for the modern insect classification.
Eppler
Eppler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Billy Eppler (born 1975), American baseball executive

Dieter Eppler (1927–2008), German television actor and director of radio dramas

Erhard Eppler (1926–2019), German politician

Johannes Eppler (1914–1999), German World War II spy

Martin J. Eppler (born 1971), Swiss communication and management scholar

Shelton Eppler (born c. 1998), American football player

Tyler Eppler (born 1993), American professional baseball pitcher

Johannes Eppler
Johannes Eppler (1914–1999), also known as Hans Eppler, John Eppler, and Hussein Gaafer, was a World War II Abwehr spy, a German who had been raised in Egypt by his Egyptian stepfather. One of Rommel's spies during the North African campaign in World War II, Operation Salaam led by László Almásy spirited Eppler and Hans-Gerd Sandstede into Cairo although they were both arrested soon after arrival in July 1942. Eppler is the subject of MI5 file KV 2/1467. His girlfriend, belly-dancer and actress Hekmet Fahmy spied on British officers in Cairo.
1960 Donegal County Council election
An election to all 28 seats on Donegal County Council took place on 30 June 1960 as part of the Irish local elections. Councillors were elected from five local electoral areas for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Donegal County Council
Donegal County Council (Irish: Comhairle Contae Dhún na nGall) is the authority responsible for local government in County Donegal, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. It has 37 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Cathaoirleach (chairperson). The county administration is headed by a chief executive, John McLaughlin. The county town is Lifford.
Everybody (Hear'Say song)
"Everybody" is a song by British pop group Hear'Say, written by Martin Harrington, Ash Howes, Richard Stannard, Julian Gallagher, and Andy Caine. Produced by Harrington and Howes, the track was recorded for the group's second studio album, Everybody (2001), which was released nine months after their debut album, Popstars. "Everybody" was issued as the album's lead single on 26 November 2001 and was the final single released by the band before member Kym Marsh quit. Upon its release, the song peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart. The song's music video is set inside a space capsule and shows the five band members dancing on a stage.

Julian Gallagher
Julian Gallagher (born 17 July 1968 in Bromley, London) is a British songwriter and record producer, known for being a member of the music production/songwriting team Biffco. He has co-wrote and produced for many artists including Kylie Minogue on her 2001 album Fever, Gabrielle on her 2007 album Always, as well as co-writing many songs for boy band Five, including the chart-topping singles "Keep On Movin'" and "Let's Dance".

Other songs co-written by Gallagher include "Lullaby" for Mel B, and the UK chart-topper "What Took You So Long?" for fellow Spice Girls member Emma Bunton.

Although mainly a rhythm and lead guitarist, Gallagher is also proficient on keyboards, bass guitar and drums.  In addition to his own songwriting career, he has worked on many projects with his elder brother, producer and engineer Dillon Gallagher.

Gallagher's father is Scottish singer-songwriter Benny Gallagher, one half of the duo Gallagher and Lyle.
Lake Glubokoye (Antarctica)
Glubokoye Lake is a small lake situated just east of Lake Lagernoye and Molodyozhnaya Station in the Thala Hills of Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was mapped and named "Glubokoye ozero" (Russian: Глубокое озеро; deep lake) by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition, 1961–62.

Soviet Antarctic Expedition
The Soviet Antarctic Expedition (SAE or SovAE) (Russian: Советская антарктическая экспедиция, САЭ, Sovetskaya antarkticheskaya ekspeditsiya) was a Soviet research institute.  It was succeeded by the Russian Antarctic Expedition.
Windows Mobile Device Center
Windows Mobile Device Center is a synchronization software program developed by Microsoft, and the successor to ActiveSync. It is designed to synchronize various content including music, video, contacts, calendar events, web browser favorites, and other files between Windows Mobile devices and the Microsoft Windows operating system.

File Explorer
File Explorer, previously known as Windows Explorer, is a file manager application and default desktop environment that is included with releases of the Microsoft Windows operating system from Windows 95 onwards. It provides a graphical user interface for accessing the file systems, as well as user interface elements such as the taskbar and desktop.

The application was renamed from "Windows Explorer" to "File Explorer" in Windows 8; however, the old name of "Windows Explorer" can still be seen in the Windows Task Manager.
Lamékaha, Tchologo
Lamékaha is the name of three clustered villages in northern Ivory Coast. They are designated Lamékaha 1, Lamékaha 2, and Lamékaha 3. The villages are in the sub-prefecture of Koumbala, Ferkessédougou Department, Tchologo Region, Savanes District.

Lamékaha was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Ferkessédougou Department
Ferkessédougou Department is a department of Tchologo Region in Savanes District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 190,141 and its seat is the settlement of Ferkessédougou. The sub-prefectures of the department are Ferkessédougou, Koumbala, and Togoniéré.
Henderson Island (Shackleton Ice Shelf)
Henderson Island is an ice-covered island 17 kilometres (9 nmi) long and rising to 240 m (787 ft), lying 17 kilometres (9 nmi) southeast of Masson Island within the Shackleton Ice Shelf. Henderson Island was discovered in August 1912 by the Western Base Party of the Australian Antarctic Expedition under Sir Douglas Mawson and named by him for Prof. G. C. Henderson of Adelaide, a member of the Australian Antarctic Expedition Advisory Committee.

Shackleton Ice Shelf
Shackleton Ice Shelf is an extensive ice shelf fronting the coast of East Antarctica from 95° E to 105° E. It extends for an along-shore distance of about 384 kilometres (239 mi), projecting seaward about 145 kilometres (90 mi) in the western portion and 64 kilometres (40 mi) in the east. It occupies an area of 33,820 square kilometres (13,058 sq mi). It is part of Mawson Sea and separates the Queen Mary Coast to the west from the Knox Coast of Wilkes Land to the east.
Peter A. Munch
Peter Andreas Munch (December 19, 1908 – January 10, 1984) was a Norwegian-born sociologist, educator, and writer. In 1948, he immigrated to the United States as a post-doctoral research fellow studying Norwegian-American rural sociology in the Midwest. He ended his professional career at Southern Illinois University, with a focus on graduate studies and sociological research based on trips to the remote South Atlantic island Tristan da Cunha.

Norwegian Americans
Norwegian Americans (Norwegian: Norskamerikanere/Norskamerikanarar) are Americans with ancestral roots in Norway.  Norwegian immigrants went to the United States primarily in the latter half of the 19th century and the first few decades of the 20th century. There are more than 4.5 million Norwegian Americans, according to the 2021 U.S. census; most live in the Upper Midwest and on the West Coast of the United States.
Jung Yoo-jung
Jung Yoo-jung (Korean: 정유정; born 1999) is a South Korean murderer. In May 2023, disguised as a secondary student seeking for English tutoring, she killed the tutor at her home in Busan. Investigation revealed that she had been engrossed in crime shows and books about murders. She claimed her act as "out of curiosity."

After dismembering the body, Jung carried the body remains in a suitcase and dumped in an isolated forest by the banks of Nakdong River. The driver of a taxi which she took, tipped off the police as he became suspicious of his passenger's bloodstained suitcase. In November 2023, the Busan District Court sentenced Jung to life imprisonment. Prosecutors wanted a death penalty and she was retried by the Supreme Court in May 2024, which upheld the conviction of life sentence.

Nakdong River
The Nakdong River or Nakdonggang (Korean: 낙동강, pronounced [nak̚t͈oŋgaŋ]) is the longest river in South Korea, which passes through the major cities of Daegu and Busan. It takes its name from its role as the eastern border of the Gaya confederacy during Korea's Three Kingdoms Era.
Trophogen
Trophogen, Inc. is a biotechnology company based in Rockville, Maryland.

The company was founded in 2001 with Series A funding from Toucan Capital, focusing on the development of human and bovine high affinity glycoprotein hormone and related growth factor superagonist analogs  for human infertility and animal superovulation, as well as targeted therapy and imaging of thyroid, ovarian, breast, prostate and testicular cancers.

Bovinae
Bovines (subfamily Bovinae) comprise a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including cattle, bison, African buffalo, water buffalos, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The members of this group of bovids are classified into loose tribes rather than formal subgroups, as the evolutionary relationships within the groups are still uncertain. General characteristics include cloven hooves and usually at least one of the sexes of a species having true horns. The largest extant bovine is the gaur.

In many countries, bovine milk and meat is used as food by humans. Cattle are kept as livestock almost everywhere except in parts of India and Nepal, where they are considered sacred by most Hindus. Bovines are used as draft animals and as riding animals. Small breeds of domestic bovine, such as the Miniature Zebu, are kept as pets. Bovine leather is durable and flexible and is used to produce a wide range of goods including clothing and bags.