hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meat emulsion
Meat emulsion is a two-phase system, with the dispersed phase consisting of either solid or liquid fat particles and the continuous phase being the water containing salts and dissolved, gelled and suspended proteins. Thus, they can be classified as oil-in-water emulsion. Meat emulsion is not a true emulsion since the two phases involved are not liquids and the fat droplets in a commercial emulsion are larger than 50 μm in diameter and thus do not conform to one of the requirement of a classical emulsion. Common examples of meat emulsions include bologna, frankfurters, sausages, and meatloaf.

The continuous phase mainly consists of water, water-soluble proteins and salt-soluble proteins. The dispersed phase or discontinuous phase consists of fat droplets.

The water-soluble proteins are sarcoplasmic proteins such as myoglobin and other pigments; salt-soluble proteins are myofibrillar proteins such as myosin, actin, and actinins.

Pigment
A pigment is a chemical compound that gives a substance or organism color, or is used by humans to add or alter color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli. Biological pigments are compounds produced by living organisms that provide coloration.
E.S.P. (Extra Sexual Persuasion)
E.S.P. (Extra Sexual Persuasion) is a Millie Jackson album released in 1983. In addition to her signature soul music songs, it also includes somewhat more Hi-NRG and Funk dance song production popular at the time such as "This Girl Could Be Dangerous", "Sexercise" and the title track.

Wayne Perkins
David Wayne Perkins (born 1951) is an American rock and R&B guitarist, singer, songwriter and session musician. According to a 2017 feature about him on the Alabama website AL.com, he is "arguably the greatest guitarist Alabama ever produced."

Perkins may be best known for his work with The Rolling Stones, who almost brought him into the band. However, he has contributed his skills to a long roster of high-profile artists, including Bob Marley and Joni Mitchell.
Commission on Resources and Environment
Commission on Resources and Environment (CORE) was a collaborative planning model used in British Columbia from 1992-1996. Participating stakeholders negotiated a consensus-based agreement about regional and local resource use goals. CORE's Commissioner was Stephen Owen, former provincial Ombudsdman. CORE was formed by NDP Premier Michael Harcourt. These collaborative processes focused on four British Columbia regions: Vancouver Island, the Cariboo-Chilcotin, and the East and West Kootenays. The accomplishments of each region was varied, but none were able to reach full agreement on land use designation.

Mike Harcourt
Michael Franklin Harcourt OC (born January 6, 1943) is a Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 30th premier of British Columbia from 1991 to 1996, and before that as the 34th mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia's largest city, from 1980 to 1986.
Harold Parker (civil servant)
Sir Harold Parker, KCB, KBE, MC (1895 – 5 February 1980) was an English civil servant. He entered the civil service in 1914 but his career was interrupted by service in the First World War; he joined HM Treasury after demobilization in 1919. He was deputy secretary at the Ministry of Pensions from 1941 to 1946 and the Secretary of the Ministry from 1946 to 1948. Between 1947 and 1956, he was the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Defence. After leaving the service, he was chairman of the Corporation of Insurance Brokers Society of Pension Consultants until 1970, and a president of the Amateur Swimming Association in 1958.

Swim England
Swim England is the national governing body for swimming, diving, water polo, open water swimming, and synchronised swimming in England. It forms part of Aquatics GB, a federation of the national governing bodies of England, Scotland (Scottish Swimming), and Wales (Swim Wales).  These three are collectively known as the Home Country National Governing Bodies.
Henare Wiremu Taratoa
Henare Wiremu Taratoa (c. 1830 – 21 June 1864) was a notable New Zealand tribal missionary, teacher and war leader.

Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngāi Te Rangi iwi. He was killed in the Battle of Te Ranga.

Ngāi Te Rangi
Ngāi Te Rangi or Ngāiterangi is a Māori iwi, based in Tauranga, New Zealand. Its rohe (tribal area) extends to Mayor Island / Tūhua and Bowentown in the north, to the Kaimai Range in the west, south of Te Puke and to Maketu in the east.

Ngāi Te Rangi is part of the Tauranga Moana iwi group, which also includes Ngāti Pūkenga and Ngāti Ranginui. The three iwi all consider Mauao (Mount Maunganui) sacred and share many things in common with one another. Collectively, the iwi are seeking compensation from the New Zealand Government for their losses from the New Zealand Wars but are yet to seek a settlement.
Hagens
Hagens is a patronymic surname of Northern German and Dutch origins. It is a patronym of the given name Hagen, which is derived from the Old German element hag ("enclosure").

Notable people with the surname include:

Bradin Hagens (born 1989), American baseball player

Erik Hagens (born 1940), Danish painter

Gunther von Hagens (born 1945), German anatomist

Hendrik Hagens (1900–1981), Dutch fencer

James Hagens (born 2006), American ice hockey player

Joseph von Hagens (1826–1899), German entomologist

Pieter Jan Hagens (born 1958), Dutch radio and television presenter

Pieter Jan Hagens
Pieter Jan Hagens (born 14 August 1958) is a Dutch radio and television presenter. He is known for presenting several news-related shows, including EenVandaag and Buitenhof. He is also known for presenting the television show Wie is de Mol?.
Gmina Miączyn
Gmina Miączyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Miączyn, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of Zamość and 87 km (54 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 155.91 square kilometres (60.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,281 (6,082 in 2013).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Skierbieszów Landscape Park.

Lublin Voivodeship
Lublin Voivodeship (Polish: województwo lubelskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ luˈbɛlskʲɛ] ⓘ) is a voivodeship (province) of Poland, located in the southeastern part of the country, with its capital being the city of Lublin.

The region is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western and central part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Cherven Cities/Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.
Lublin Voivodeship borders Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, Belarus (Brest Region) and Ukraine (Lviv and Volyn Regions) to the east. The region's population as of 2024 was 1,996,440. It covers an area of 25,155 square kilometres (9,712 sq mi).
Cupaniopsis flagelliformis
Cupaniopsis flagelliformis, commonly known as brown tuckeroo or  weeping flower tamarind, is a tree in the lychee and maple family Sapindaceae, endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small tree that inhabits tropical and sub-tropical rainforest and monsoon forest.

Sapindaceae
The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1,858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee.

The Sapindaceae occur in temperate to tropical regions, many in laurel forest habitat, throughout the world. Many are laticiferous, i.e. they contain latex, a milky sap, and many contain mildly toxic saponins with soap-like qualities in either the foliage and/or the seeds, or roots. The largest genera are Serjania, Paullinia, Allophylus and Acer.
Muhammed Buba Jajere
Muhammed Buba Jajere is a Nigerian politician. He is a member of the Federal House of Representatives, representing the Fika/Fune constituency of Yobe State in the 10th National Assembly of Nigeria. He also serves as the Deputy Chairman of the House of Representatives Committee on Sports.

Fune
Fune is a Local Government Area (LGA) in Yobe State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Damagum in the southwest of the area on the A3 highway at 11°40′39″N 11°20′04″E﻿ / ﻿11.67750°N 11.33444°E﻿ / 11.67750; 11.33444. It has an area of 4,948 km2 and a population of 300,760 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 622.
On Fire (Lloyd Banks song)
"On Fire" is the debut single from Lloyd Banks' debut album, The Hunger for More, released through Interscope Records and 50 Cent's G-Unit Records. It quickly became a nationwide hit and cemented Lloyd Banks' name in the hip hop scene. The single peaked inside the top ten in the U.S., reaching #8. The song samples "The Champ", performed by The Mohawks.

Alan Hawkshaw
William Alan Hawkshaw BEM (27 April 1937 – 16 October 2021) was a British composer and performer, particularly of library music used as themes for films and television programs. Hawkshaw worked extensively for the KPM production music company in the 1950s to the 1970s, composing and recording many stock tracks that have been used extensively in film and TV.

He was the composer of a number of theme tunes including Grange Hill (originally library music recorded in Munich known as "Chicken Man") and Countdown. In addition, he was an arranger and pianist and, in the United States with the studio group Love De-Luxe, scored a number 1 single on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart with "Here Comes That Sound Again" in 1979. His song "Charlie" is heard on Just for Laughs Gags.

He was the father of singer-songwriter Kirsty Hawkshaw (a member of the dance music group Opus III from 1991 to 1995), who also worked with artists such as Tiësto, Delerium, BT, Seba and Paradox.
HNLMS Douwe Aukes
HNLMS Douwe Aukes (ML 1, N 81) was the lead ship of her class of minelayers built for the Royal Netherlands Navy during the 1920s. Completed in 1922, she played a minor role during the Second World War. After Germany invaded the Netherlands in May 1940 the ship fled to the United Kingdom. Douwe Aukes was transferred to the Royal Navy in 1941 and was returned to the Royal Netherlands Navy in 1945 where she served as a depot ship. She was sold for scrap in 1962

Depot ship
A depot ship is an auxiliary ship used as a mobile or fixed base for submarines, destroyers, minesweepers, fast attack craft, landing craft, or other small ships with similarly limited space for maintenance equipment and crew dining, berthing and relaxation. Depot ships may be identified as tenders in American English. Depot ships may be specifically designed for their purpose or be converted from another purpose.
Stuart Legg
Stuart Legg (31 August 1910 – 23 July 1988) was a pioneering English documentary filmmaker. At the 14th Academy Awards in 1941, Legg's National Film Board of Canada film Churchill's Island became the first-ever documentary to win an Oscar.

Also in contention for Best Documentary that year was Legg's film Warclouds in the Pacific.

Ruby Grierson
Ruby Isabel Grierson (24 November 1903 – 17 September 1940) was a Scottish documentary film director and producer, and a leading authority in the early documentary movement. Her brother John Grierson and her younger sister Marion Grierson also made films.
Brixey Creek
Brixey Creek (also spelled Brixy Creek) is a stream in Ozark County, Missouri. It is a tributary of Spring Creek. The headwaters of Brixey Creek are southwest of the community of Brixey. The stream flows to the northeast past Brixey and parallels Missouri Route N passing under Route N and Missouri Route 95 just south and east of their intersection. The stream flows north parallel to Route N to its confluence with Spring Creek just east of Rockbridge.

Brixey Creek has the name of the local Brixy family.

Ozark County, Missouri
Ozark County is a county in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. The estimated 2026 population is 9,276. The largest city and county seat is Gainesville. The county was organized as Ozark County, named after the Ozark Mountains, on January 29, 1841. It was renamed Decatur County, after Commodore Stephen Decatur, from 1843 to 1845, after which the name Ozark County was restored.
Lake pigment
A lake pigment is a pigment made by precipitating a dye with an inert binder, or mordant, usually a metallic salt.  Lake pigments are largely chemically organic. Manufacturers and suppliers to artists and industry frequently omit the lake designation in the name. Many lake pigments are fugitive because the dyes involved are not lightfast. Red lakes were particularly important in Renaissance and Baroque paintings; they were often used as translucent glazes to portray the colors of rich fabrics and draperies.

Chemically inert
In chemistry, the term chemically inert is used to describe a substance that is not chemically reactive. From a thermodynamic perspective, a substance is inert, or nonlabile, if it is thermodynamically unstable (negative standard Gibbs free energy of formation) yet decomposes at a slow, or negligible rate.

Most of the noble gases, which appear in the last column of the periodic table, are classified as inert (or unreactive). These elements are stable in their naturally occurring form (gaseous form) and they are called inert gases.
Caged (2020 film)
Caged is a 2020 American drama film directed by Aaron Fjellman and starring Edi Gathegi, Melora Hardin, Angela Sarafyan and Tony Amendola. Fjellman co-wrote the screenplay with James 'Doc' Mason. The film was produced by Pete Kirtley, Aaron Fjellman, Matthew Temple and Jessa Zarubica.

Tony Amendola
Tony Amendola (born August 24, 1951) is an American actor. He played the Jaffa master Bra'tac in Stargate SG-1 and Pinocchio's creator/father, Geppetto on Once Upon a Time. He also had a recurring role as revolutionary leader Edouard Kagame of Liber8 in the television show Continuum and voiced the Archmage Khadgar in several expansions of World of Warcraft, from Warlords of Draenor to The War Within.
2023 Mubadala Citi DC Open – Women's singles
Coco Gauff defeated Maria Sakkari in the final, 6–2, 6–3 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2023 Washington Open. She did not lose a set en route to her fourth WTA Tour singles title. Gauff became the youngest person to win the WTA 500 title since its reorganization in 2021.

Liudmila Samsonova was the defending champion, from when the event was at the WTA 250 level, but lost in the semifinals to Gauff.

Liudmila Samsonova
Liudmila Dmitrievna Samsonova (Russian: Людмила Дмитриевна Самсонова, IPA: [lʲʊdˈmʲiɫə sɐmˈsonəvə]; born 11 November 1998) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 12 in singles and No. 36 in doubles.

She has won five singles and two doubles titles on the WTA Tour, her first title being a WTA 500 title at the 2021 German Open. She has also won a total of eight singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. During the 2020–21 Billie Jean King Cup, Samsonova led the Russian team to their first triumph since 2008, winning all five of her matches in both singles and doubles.

Samsonova also competed for Italy from 2014 to 2018.
Mike Prior
Michael Robert Prior (born November 14, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a safety for 13 seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Indianapolis Colts and Green Bay Packers. He played college football for the Illinois State Redbirds. Prior currently serves as the Football Development Commissioner for the Indianapolis Colts.

Illinois State Redbirds football
The Illinois State Redbirds football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Illinois State University in Normal, Illinois. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) as a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference (MVFC). The school's first football team was fielded in 1887. The team plays its home games at the 13,391 seat Hancock Stadium. They are coached by Brock Spack.
Fraser Rise
Fraser Rise is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 24 km (15 mi) North West of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Melton local government area. Fraser Rise recorded a population of 9,097 at the 2021 census.

The suburb was gazetted by the Office of Geographic Names on 9 February 2017, following a proposal for eleven new suburbs by the City of Melton. The new name officially came into effect in mid-year 2017. Prior to the suburb's creation, the area was part of Plumpton.

Local government areas of Victoria
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria, sorted by region.

Also referred to as municipalities, the 79 Victorian LGAs are classified as cities (34), shires (38), rural cities (6) and boroughs (1). In general, an urban or suburban LGA is called a city and is governed by a city council, while a rural LGA covering a larger rural area is usually called a shire and is governed by a shire council. Local councils have the same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their classification.

Local elections are held in Victoria every four years with the most recent elections held in 2024.
2008 Colorado Amendment 52
Amendment 52 was a proposed 2008 ballot initiative in Colorado, United States for around half of severance tax funds to be redirected to highway building and maintenance projects, especially expanding Interstate 70 in Colorado (I-70). 64.3% of the voters voted against it, so it did not go into effect.

Severance tax
Severance taxes are taxes imposed on the removal of  natural resources within a taxing jurisdiction. Severance taxes are most commonly imposed in oil producing states within the United States. Resources that typically incur severance taxes when extracted include  oil, natural gas, coal, uranium, and timber.  Some jurisdictions use other terms like gross production tax.

Note that severance taxes are used in jurisdictions where most resource extraction occurs on privately owned land and/or where sub-surface minerals are privately owned (for example, the United States). Where the resources are publicly owned to begin with (for example, in most Commonwealth and European Union countries), it is not a tax but rather a resource royalty that is paid. In the case of the forestry industry, this royalty is called "stumpage".
Baubigny, Côte-d'Or
Baubigny (French pronunciation: [bobiɲi]) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Balbiniacois or Balbiniacoises.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.
René de Bréhant de Galinée
René Bréhant de Galinée was a member of the Society of Saint-Sulpice (Sulpician Order) at Montreal and an explorer and missionary to the Native Americans. In 1670, he and  François Dollier de Casson were the first Europeans to make a recorded transit of the Detroit River. His map of the trip demonstrated that the Great Lakes were all connected.

The Galien River in Michigan is named for him.

École secondaire Père-René-de-Galinée French Catholic secondary school  in Cambridge, Ontario is named after him.

École secondaire Père-René-de-Galinée
École secondaire catholique Père-René-de-Galinée, also known as PRDG, is a French Catholic secondary school located in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. The school, founded in 1996 after the creation of CSDCCS, is part of the Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir. The school teaches students in grades 7 to 12.
Kalyan Singh Chauhan
Kalyan Singh Chauhan (18 November 1959 – 21 February 2018) was an Indian politician.

He began his political career in 1988 as a member of the Indian National Congress, and served as the sarpanch of Kotharia gram panchayat. Between 1998 and 2000, Chauhan was Khamnor Pradhan. In 2000, he became Up-Zila Pramukh, stepping down in 2005. Chauhan joined the Bharatiya Janata Party and faced C. P. Joshi in the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election of 2008, winning by a single vote. Chauhan represented Nathdwara until his death from cancer on 21 February 2018, at GBH American Hospital in Udaipur. His funeral was held the same day. Chauhan died less than a year before the next assembly elections, and, by law, his seat did not need to be filled via by-election.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
William Alexander (author)
William Joseph Alexander (born October 9, 1976) is an American writer and academic.

He is an adjunct professor in liberal arts at the Vermont College of Fine Arts, located in Montpelier, Vermont.

He won the annual National Book Award for Young People's Literature recognizing his debut novel, Goblin Secrets, which was published by Margaret K. McElderry Books in 2012. It features an orphaned boy who runs away to search for his lost brother in the magical city of Zombay.

Vermont College of Fine Arts
Vermont College of Fine Arts (VCFA) is a private college that is an affiliate of the California Institute of the Arts (CalArts). It offers a Master of Fine Arts degree with six different concentrations in a low-residency format. The literary magazine Hunger Mountain is operated by VCFA writing faculty and students.
Louisa Emily Dobrée
Louisa Emily Dobrée (c. 1852 – 1917) was a French-born Irish Catholic writer. She was born in Tours, France, and her heritage was Irish on her mother’s side and French through her father’s Guernsey family. Dobrée wrote novels, short stories, juvenile literature, and fugitive articles that appeared in various magazines. Her non-fiction works addressed subjects such as home nursing, domestic and personal hygiene, etiquette, character sketches, embroidery, plain work, and natural history. Over the course of her career, she contributed to numerous publications and authored many books for young readers as well as religious and instructional works. She lived in several European countries, including France, Ireland, and the Channel Islands, and spent her later years near London.

Irish Catholics
Irish Catholics (Irish: Caitlicigh na hÉireann) are an ethnoreligious group native to Ireland whose members are both Catholic and Irish. The diaspora and the descendants of Irish Catholics includes millions of Americans, Canadians and Australians. In countries like the United States, Canada and Australia, many Catholics descend from Irish immigrants/migrants who passed down their faith.