hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alan Sabrosky
Alan Sabrosky is a retired Marine officer and former Director of Studies at the United States Army War College's Strategic Studies Institute, where he held the position of the Douglas MacArthur Chair of Research. He received the Superior Civilian Service Award in 1998. He has taught at the United States Military Academy at West Point; Georgetown University; the University of Pennsylvania; and the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. His publications have mainly focused on alliance systems and unionization in the United States military. He co-authored a book called Prisoners of War?: Nation-States in the Modern Era.

Military alliance
A military alliance is a formal agreement between nations that specifies mutual obligations regarding national security. In the event a nation is attacked, members of the alliance are often obligated to come to their defense regardless if attacked directly. Military alliances can be classified into defense pacts, non-aggression pacts, and ententes. Alliances may be covert (as was common from 1870 to 1916) or public.

According to a 2002 dataset of military alliances, there have been 538 alliance treaties from 1815 to 2003. The vast majority of the alliances involve commitments to come to the military support of one ally involved in war. The vast majority are defensive in nature. Since the end of the Second World War, military alliances have usually behaved less aggressively and act more as a deterrent. A 2025 analysis of alliances across the 19th and 20th century found that alliances overall tend to deter war.
Basil Gordon
Basil Gordon (December 23, 1931 – January 12, 2012) was a mathematician at UCLA, specializing in number theory and combinatorics. He obtained his Ph.D. at California Institute of Technology under the supervision of Tom Apostol.  Ken Ono was one of his students.

Gordon is well known for Göllnitz–Gordon identities, generalizing the Rogers–Ramanujan identities. He also posed the still-unsolved Gaussian moat problem in 1962.

Gordon was drafted into the US Army, where he worked with the former Nazi rocket scientist Wernher von Braun. Gordon's calculations of the gravitational interactions of earth, moon, and satellite contributed to the success and longevity of Explorer I, which launched in 1958 and remained in orbit until 1970. He was the step-grandson of General George Barnett and is a descendant of the Gordon family of British distillers, producers of Gordon's Gin.

Rogers–Ramanujan identities
In mathematics, the Rogers–Ramanujan identities are two identities related to basic hypergeometric series and integer partitions. The identities were first discovered and proved  by Leonard James Rogers (1894), and were subsequently rediscovered (without a proof) by Srinivasa Ramanujan some time before 1913. Ramanujan had no proof, but rediscovered Rogers's paper in 1917, and they then published a joint new proof (Rogers & Ramanujan 1919). Issai Schur (1917) independently rediscovered and proved the identities.
Oppa, Saranghae!
Oppa, Saranghae! (Chinese: 欧巴，我爱你！) is a 2023 Singaporean fantasy romance series starring Rui En, Kim Jae-hoon, Tasha Low and Mei Xin. Produced by Wawa Pictures, the series began airing on Mediacorp Channel 8 from 12 April 2023.

Channel 8 (Singaporean TV channel)
Channel 8 (Chinese: 8頻道) is a Singaporean Mandarin-language free-to-air terrestrial television channel in Singapore, owned by state media conglomerate Mediacorp. The channel broadcasts general entertainment and news programming in the Mandarin language, including original and imported programming.

The channel began a series of experimental broadcasts on 31 August 1963, and officially launched on 22 November 1963. As with its sister Channel 5, the channel initially aired programming in all four of Singapore's official languages, with Channel 8 initially having a particular focus on the Chinese and Tamil communities. In 1973, this scope was formalised, with Channel 8 primarily broadcasting Chinese and Tamil-language programmes. In compliance with the government's Speak Mandarin Campaign, Chinese programming on the channel later broadcast solely in Mandarin Chinese. In 1995, Tamil programmes moved to Prime 12, with Channel 8 focusing exclusively on Mandarin programming.
Nichula Gewog
Nichula Gewog is a gewog (village block) of Dagana District, Bhutan. It also comprises part of Lhamoy Zingkha sub-district, along with Lhamoy Zingkha and Deorali Gewogs.

In 2007, Lhamoy Zingkha Dungkhag was formally transferred from Sarpang Dzongkhag to Dagana Dzongkhag, affecting the town of Lhamozingkha and three constituent gewogs – Lhamozingkha, Deorali and Nichula (Zinchula) – that formed the westernmost part of Sarpang and became the southernmost part of Dagana.

Dungkhag
A dungkhag (Dzongkha: དྲུང་ཁག་ drungkhak) is a sub-district of a dzongkhag (district) of Bhutan. The head of a dungkhag is a Dungpa. As of 2007, nine of the twenty dzongkhags had from one to three dungkhags, with sixteen dungkhags in total.
Palle Raghunatha Reddy
Palle Raghunatha Reddy is a politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is a two-time Member of the Legislative Assembly representing the Nallamada and Puttaparthi constituencies for the Telugu Desam Party winning in 1999 and 2014 elections. He also served as Information Technology minister.

Telugu Desam Party
The Telugu Desam Party (abbr. TDP; transl. Party of the Telugu Land) is an Indian regional political party primarily active in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. It was founded by Telugu matinée idol N. T. Rama Rao (NTR) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu people. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the ruling party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N. T. Rama Rao's son-in-law, Nara Chandra Babu Naidu as the national president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N. T. R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh.
Brian Lee Durfee
Brian Lee Durfee is an American wildlife, landscape, and fantasy painter, and a fantasy and horror writer. His paintings have appeared in various genre and other magazines, games, and books. One of his wildlife paintings is in the permanent collection at the Grand Canyon National Park visitors center.

Saga Press published his epic grimdark fantasy series, beginning with The Forgetting Moon. He also has a horror alternate history series.

Animal painter
An animal painter is an artist who specialises in (or is known for their skill in) the portrayal of animals.

The OED dates the first express use of the term "animal painter" to the mid-18th century: by English physician, naturalist and writer John Berkenhout (1726–1791). From the early 20th century, wildlife artist became a more usual term for contemporary animal painters.
Edel Therese Høiseth
Edel Therese Høiseth (born 27 January 1966) is a former speed skater from Norway, who specialised in the shorter distances; the 500 m and 1,000 m.

Høiseth skated in all Winter Olympics from 1984 to 1998, making her one of only three Norwegians to have participated in as many as five Winter Olympics (the other two being Oddvar Brå and Petter Thoresen). Her best Olympic result is an eighth place on the 500 m at the 1994 Winter Olympics. One of her best seasons was 1996, when she won the silver medal at the World Sprint Championships behind Chris Witty. Throughout her unusually long career at international top level, she also won more than 40 Norwegian Championships in Allround, Sprint, and Single Distance (500 m, 1,000 m, and 1,500 m). In 2000, on two occasions in Calgary, she achieved times of 1:15.37 and 1:15.47 on the 1,000 m; the world record at that time was Monique Garbrecht's 1:14.61. Høiseth's best 500 m time is 38.40.

Oddvar Brå
Oddvar Brå (born 16 March 1951) is a Norwegian former cross-country skier. He was among the best skiers in Norway, the three-times winner of the World Cup (1972–73, then named "World ranking", 1974–75 and 1978–79) and the winner of 16 national championships. His success in the major international championships was more modest.
Broszki
Broszki [ˈbrɔʂki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Złoczew, 24 km (15 mi) south of Sieradz, and 71 km (44 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Złoczew
Złoczew is a town in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland, with 3,340 inhabitants (2020). It is located in the historic Sieradz Land, 23 kilometres (14 miles) south of Sieradz and 23 kilometres (14 miles) north of Wieluń.

Złoczew is a relatively young town in the region, dating back to the Late Middle Ages, with a preserved palace and park ensemble and Renaissance churches. It is located close to the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
New Palestine High School
New Palestine High School is a suburban public high school (grades 9–12) located in New Palestine, Indiana, managed by the New Palestine Community Schools. As of the 2024–2025 school year it serves 1,216 students and employed 61 faculty members.

New Palestine High School was named an Indiana Four Star School by the Indiana Department of Education for the 2018–2019 academic year. In 2012, it was named a National Blue Ribbon School by the United States Department of Education.

New Palestine High School serves suburban and rural communities. It has students from the communities of Finly A.K.A Carrolton, New Palestine, Gem, Sugar Creek, Philadelphia and Fountaintown.

Hoosier Heritage Conference
Hoosier Heritage Conference is an athletic and extra/co-curricular activity conference of Indiana high schools. The conference formed in 1993. It is formed of Madison, Hancock, Henry, Shelby, and Delaware Counties.
WBRW
WBRW (105.3 MHz) is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Blacksburg, Virginia, and serving the New River Valley and part of the Roanoke metropolitan area.  It broadcasts an active rock radio format known as "The Bear."  It is owned by Monticello Media LLC, with radio studios and offices on Lee Highway (U.S. Route 11) in Radford.

WBRW has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 12,000 watts.  The transmitter is on Stroubles Creek Road in Blacksburg.

Radford, Virginia
Radford (formerly Lovely Mount, Central City, English Ferry and Ingle's Ferry) is an independent city in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of 2020, the population was 16,070 by the United States Census Bureau. For statistical purposes, the Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Radford with neighboring Montgomery County.

Radford is included in the Blacksburg–Christiansburg metropolitan area.

Radford is the home of Radford University. Despite its name, the Radford Arsenal, historically a major employer of   city residents, is in neighboring Pulaski and Montgomery counties. Radford City has four schools: McHarg Elementary, Belle Heth Elementary, Dalton Intermediate, and Radford High School.
Garu, Ghana
Garu is a town and is the administrative capital of Garu District, a district in the Upper East Region of northern Ghana.

Garu is the only town in Ghana which is bordered by two countries: Republic of Togo to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. To the south by East Mamprusi District and to the west by Bawku Municipal.

Hon. Albert Akuka Alalzuuga is the current member of Parliament in the Garu constituency under the ticket of the NDC.

Garu Presbyterian Agricultural Station was established in 1967 by the Presbyterian Church of Ghana (PCG) and is working to improve the living standards of the people in the area.

Upper East Region
The Upper East Region is located in the northern part of Ghana, and it is the third smallest of the 16 administrative regions in Ghana. Despite its relatively small size, the region holds an outsized significance in the nation's cultural heritage and historical narrative. It occupies a total land surface of 8,842 square kilometers, hence constituting a modest 2.7% of Ghana's total land area. The regional capital is Bolgatanga, which is sometimes referred to as Bolga. It is a major center for the production and sale of beautifully woven baskets, leather goods, and straw handicrafts. Bolga serves as the administrative and commercial heartbeat of the region. Other major towns in the region include Navrongo, Paga, Sandema, Bawku, Zebilla, Tempane, Pusiga, Garu, Pwalugu, and Widana.
Nortjé
Nortjé or Nortje is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anrich Nortje (born 1993), South African cricketer

Arthur Nortje (1942–1970), South African poet

Christoffel Nortje, South African dentist and emeritus professor

Jan Nortje (born 1975), South African kickboxer

Obert Nortjé (born 1997), Namibian rugby union player

Ossie Nortjé (born 1990), South African rugby union player

Piet Nortje, South African author of 32 Battalion: The Inside Story of South Africa's Elite Fighting Unit

Ruan Nortjé (born 1998), South African rugby union player

Ruth Nortje (born 1967), South African-born, American canoer

Jan Nortje
Johannes "Jan" Nortje (born 11 April 1975) is a South African professional kickboxer, mixed martial artist and boxer who has fought for Strikeforce, DREAM, K-1, Inoki Genome Federation, PRIDE Fighting Championship and New Japan Pro-Wrestling.

He has fought the likes of Jérôme Le Banner, Gary Goodridge, and K-1 Champions Mirko Cro Cop, Ernesto Hoost, Peter Aerts and Semmy Schilt. His last MMA fight was a loss against Rameau Thierry Sokoudjou at DREAM.9.

He lost to Lechi Kurbanov by way of an extension round split decision on 29 June 2013 in Grozny, Chechnya.
Burnaby South-Metrotown
Burnaby South-Metrotown is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada. Created under the 2021 British Columbia electoral redistribution, the riding was first contested in the 2024 British Columbia general election. It was created out of parts of Burnaby-Edmonds and Burnaby-Deer Lake.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Chharka Tangsong Rural Municipality
Chharka Tangsong (Nepali: छार्का ताङसोङ गाउँपालिका) is a rural municipality located in Dolpa District of Karnali Province of Nepal.

The rural municipality is divided into total 6 wards and the headquarters of the rural municipality is situated at Chharka.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Randy Smith (game designer)
Randy Smith (born June 14, 1974) is an American video game designer. He co-owns and is the creative director of Tiger Style. He has worked extensively on the Thief series with both Looking Glass Studios and Ion Storm.

Smith started Tiger Style in 2009 and shipped the award-winning game Spider: The Secret of Bryce Manor on iOS, followed by Waking Mars and Spider: Rite of the Shrouded Moon. He spent time on the Steven Spielberg collaboration code-named LMNO at EA Los Angeles studio, which was eventually canceled. Smith has lectured on game design at GDC, and additionally, Smith has participated in the Indie Game Jam.

Between 2007 and 2013, Smith wrote a monthly column called "The Possibility Space" for Edge in the UK.

Ion Storm
Ion Storm, L.P. was an American video game developer founded in Dallas, Texas in November 1996 by John Romero and Tom Hall, both formerly of id Software; a branch in Austin, Texas was opened in 1997. In April 1999, Eidos Interactive acquired 51% of the company in exchange for advances to the developers.

Despite an impressive pedigree and high expectations, the company only produced one commercial and critical success, 2000's Deus Ex. The Dallas studio closed in July 2001, leaving the Austin studio as the new headquarters. After financial struggles at Eidos Interactive, the Austin studio followed with its own closure in February 2005.
Kenny Wagner
William Kenneth (Kinnie) Wagner (February 18, 1903 – March 9, 1958) commonly known as Kinnie Wagner (although Kennie and Kenny were also used) was a bootlegger in Mississippi, who murdered five people, including three police officers. He escaped from custody numerous times, but ultimately died in prison.

Kingsport, Tennessee
Kingsport is a city in Sullivan and Hawkins counties in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It lies along the Holston River and had a population of 55,442 at the 2020 census. It is the largest city in the Kingsport–Bristol metropolitan area, which had 307,613 residents in 2020. The metro area is a component of the larger Tri-Cities region of Tennessee and Virginia, with a population of 508,260 in 2020.

Kingsport was chartered in 1822. The city's name is a simplification of King's Port, originally referring to the area on the Holston River known as King's Boat Yard, the head of navigation for the Tennessee Valley. Kingsport is commonly included in what is known as the "Mountain Empire" in southwest Virginia and northeastern Tennessee.
Joshua Nelson (politician)
Joshua Allan Nelson (born February 20, 1987) is an American politician who was a Republican member of the West Virginia House of Delegates representing District 23 from January 12, 2013, to January 2016. He did not seek re-election in 2016, instead choosing to run for County Commissioner of Boone County, West Virginia. He was defeated in the general election.

West Virginia Legislature
The West Virginia Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of West Virginia. A bicameral legislative body, the legislature is split between the upper Senate and the lower House of Delegates. It was established under Article VI of the West Virginia Constitution following the state's split from Virginia during the American Civil War in 1863. As with its neighbor and former constituent Virginia General Assembly, the legislature's lower house is also referred to as a "House of Delegates."

The legislature convenes in the State Capitol building in Charleston.
Ines Stilling
Ines Stilling (born 10 August 1976) is an Austrian civil servant who served as the Minister for Women, Families and Youth in the Bierlein government.

Stilling was born in Graz where she also later studied law at Karl-Franzens University. She worked for private companies and the Chamber for Workers and Employees until 2007, when she joined public service in the office of Doris Bures. She led the women's affairs section from 2012.

On 3 June 2019 Ines Stilling was sworn in as federal minister within the Chancellery under Brigitte Bierlein and made responsible for the Women, Families and Youth department.

Chamber for Workers and Employees
The Chamber of Labour (German: Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte, shortform Arbeiterkammer or AK), is an organisation that represents the interests of 4 million Austrian employees and consumers. Membership is compulsory for all employees working in Austria, and it is thus not to be confused with Austrian labour unions, where membership is voluntary and which are organized in an umbrella organisation, the ÖGB. Together, the ÖGB and the Arbeiterkammer represent the interests of employees in the Austrian system of Sozialpartnerschaft ("Social Partnership"), which plays a major role in the regulation of wages and prices.

The Austrian Chamber of Labour is based on the nine Chambers of labour for each federal state in Austria. The president of the Chamber of Labour for Vienna is also the president of the Austrian Chamber of Labour. Since 27 April 2018, Renate Anderl has been President of the Chamber of Labour.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom (July–December 2022)
The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom from July 2022 to December 2022.

There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales. The numbers of cases and deaths are reported on a government Web site updated daily during the pandemic. The UK-wide COVID Symptom Study based on surveys of four million participants, endorsed by authorities in Scotland and Wales, run by health science company ZOE, and analysed by King's College London researchers, publishes daily estimates of the number of new and total current COVID-19 infections (excluding care homes) in UK regions, without restriction to only laboratory-confirmed cases.

Heather Hallett, Baroness Hallett
Heather Carol Hallett, Baroness Hallett, DBE, PC, KC (born 16 December 1949), is a retired British judge of the Court of Appeal and a crossbench life peer. The first woman to chair the Bar Council and the fifth woman to sit in the Court of Appeal, Hallett led the independent inquest into the 7/7 bombings. In April 2019, she was appointed Chair of the Security Vettings Appeal Panel. In December 2021, she was announced as the chair of the public inquiry into the UK Government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic.  On 29 June 2022, the Government accepted Baroness Hallett's proposed terms of reference for the inquiry, with minor changes suggested by the devolved administrations.
395th Infantry Division
The 395th Infantry Division (German: 395. Infanterie-Division), initially known as the 521st Infantry Division (German: 521. Infanterie-Division), was an infantry division of the German army during World War II. It existed as the 521st Division from November 1939 until March 1940 and as the 395th Division from March until August 1940.

Military district (Germany)
The military districts, also known in some English-language publications by their German name as Wehrkreise (singular: Wehrkreis),: 27–40  were administrative territorial units in Nazi Germany before and during World War II. The task of military districts was the organization and the handling of reinforcements and resupplies for local military units. The Replacement Army (Ersatzheer) managed the districts. Responsibilities such as training, conscription, supply, and equipment were (at least partially) entrusted to the Ersatzheer.: B2