hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caregiver stress
Caregiver syndrome or caregiver stress is a condition that strongly manifests exhaustion, anger, rage, or guilt resulting from unrelieved caring for a chronically ill patient. This condition is not listed in the United States' Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, although the term is often used by many healthcare professionals in that country. The equivalent used in many other countries, the ICD-11, does include the condition.

Over 1 in 5 Americans are providing care to those who are ill, aged, and/or disabled. Over 13 million caregivers provide care for their own children as well. Caregiver syndrome is acute when caring for an individual with behavioral difficulties such as fecal incontinence, memory issues, sleep problems, wandering, impulse control problems
, executive dysfunction, and/or aggression. Typical symptoms of the caregiver syndrome include fatigue, insomnia and stomach complaints, with the most common symptom being depression.

Fatigue
Fatigue is a state of being without energy for a prolonged period of time. Fatigue is used in two contexts: in the medical sense, and in the sense of normal tiredness.

In the medical sense, fatigue is seen as a symptom, and is sometimes associated with medical conditions including autoimmune disease, organ failure, mood disorders, heart disease, infectious diseases, and post-infectious-disease states. However, fatigue is complex and in up to a third of primary care cases no medical or psychiatric diagnosis is found.

In the sense of tiredness, fatigue often follows prolonged physical or mental activity. Physical fatigue results from muscle fatigue brought about by intense physical activity. Mental fatigue results from prolonged periods of cognitive activity which impairs cognitive ability, can manifest as sleepiness, lethargy, or directed attention fatigue, and can also impair physical performance.
CSI (comics)
The CSI comics, published from 2003 to 2009, are comic book tie-ins with the CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, CSI: Miami and CSI: NY television shows.

The majority have been released by IDW Publishing and have been written by a range of notable authors including Jeff Mariotte, Max Allan Collins, and Steven Grant. The latest was a manga-style story written by Sekou Hamilton and published by Tokyopop.

Tie-in
A tie-in work is a work of fiction or other product based on a media property such as a film, video game, television series, board game, website, role-playing game or literary property. Tie-ins are authorized by the owners of the original property, and are a form of cross-promotion used primarily to generate additional income from that property and to promote its visibility.
Dixon elliptic functions
In mathematics, the Dixon elliptic functions sm and cm are two elliptic functions (doubly periodic meromorphic functions on the complex plane) that map from each regular hexagon in a hexagonal tiling to the whole complex plane. Because these functions satisfy the identity , as real functions they parametrize the cubic Fermat curve , just as the trigonometric functions sine and cosine parametrize the unit circle .

They were named sm and cm by Alfred Dixon in 1890, by analogy to the trigonometric functions sine and cosine and the Jacobi elliptic functions sn and cn; Göran Dillner described them earlier in 1873.

Hexagonal tiling
In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has Schläfli symbol of {6,3}  or t{3,6}  (as a truncated triangular tiling).

English mathematician John Conway called it a hextille.

The internal angle of the hexagon is 120 degrees, so three hexagons at a point make a full 360 degrees. It is one of three regular tilings of the plane. The other two are the triangular tiling and the square tiling.
Intermittent vacuum therapy
The intermittent vacuum therapy (IVT) is a treatment conducted in case of venous and arterial issues as well as in rehabilitation (after sports injuries and vascular complaints). With the aid of normal and low pressure, it should enable to control venous reflux, enhance lymphatic flow and improve blood flow in periphery and muscles.

Artery
An artery (from Greek  ἀρτηρία (artēríā)) is a blood vessel in humans and most other animals that takes oxygenated blood away from the heart in the systemic circulation to one or more parts of the body. Exceptions that carry deoxygenated blood are the pulmonary arteries in the pulmonary circulation that carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation, and the umbilical arteries in the fetal circulation that carry deoxygenated blood to the placenta. It consists of a multi-layered artery wall wrapped into a tube-shaped channel.

Arteries contrast with veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back towards the heart; or in the pulmonary and fetal circulations carry oxygenated blood to the lungs and fetus respectively.
Astaena fusagona
Astaena fusagona is a species of beetle of the family Scarabaeidae. It is found in Colombia.

Adults reach a length of about 13 mm. The head is blackish-brown with upright setae. The surface of the pronotum and elytra also has upright setae. The pronotum is unicolored blackish-brown, while the elytra are unicolored reddish-brown.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
John Cunningham (Nova Scotia politician)
John Cunningham (April 27, 1776 – October 17, 1847) was a farmer, official and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Sydney County in the Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia from 1808 to 1811 and from 1814 to 1818.

He was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the son of Richard Cunningham and Elizabeth Day, who was the daughter of John Day. Cunningham was educated at King's College in Windsor. In 1799, he married Ruth Amelia Irish, the daughter of settlers from Rhode Island. Cunningham served as a major in the militia, as a justice of the peace and as custos rotulorum. He was also an immigration agent and registrar of deeds. He was elected to the assembly in an 1808 by-election held after the election of William Allen Chipman was overturned and then again in an 1814 by-election held following the death of Samuel Hood George. Cunningham died at Antigonish Harbour at the age of 71.

John Day (Nova Scotia legislator)
John Day (before 1755 – November 1775) was a merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Newport Township from 1765 to 1769 and Halifax Township from 1774 to 1775 in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

He was the son of Doctor George Day. During the late 1750s, Day was a naval surgeon and merchant. He married Sarah Mercer in 1755. In 1763, he married Henrietta Maria Cottnam after the death of his first wife. He was named a justice of the peace for King's County in 1764. In 1769, he left for Philadelphia where he set up in business as a druggist. He returned to Halifax in 1773, again entering business as a merchant. He resigned his seat in the provincial assembly in April 1775. He was lost at sea later that year while transporting supplies to the garrison at Boston.

His son, who was also named John Day, went on to represent Newport township in the provincial assembly.
Harold or the Norman Conquest
Harold, or the Norman Conquest is an opera in four acts with music by the British composer Frederic H. Cowen with a libretto by Edward Malet, edited by Frederic Edward Weatherly, adapted into the German by L.A. Caumont, and first performed at Covent Garden, London on 8 June 1895.

Frederic Weatherly
Frederic Edward Weatherly, KC (4 October 1848 – 7 September 1929) was an English lawyer, author, lyricist and broadcaster. He was christened and brought up using the name Frederick Edward Weatherly, and appears to have adopted the spelling 'Frederic' later in life. He is estimated to have written the lyrics to at least 3,000 popular songs, among the best-known of which are the sentimental ballad "Danny Boy" set to the tune "Londonderry Air", the religious "The Holy City", and the wartime song "Roses of Picardy".
Big Horn County, Montana
Big Horn County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,124. The county seat is Hardin. The county, like the river and the mountain range, is named after the bighorn sheep in the Rocky Mountains. The county was founded in 1913.

It is located on the southern boundary of the state. Most of the area is part of the Crow Indian Reservation. Reservation poverty affects the county, which is the second-poorest county in the state.

Bighorn Mountains
The Bighorn Mountains (Crow: Basawaxaawúua, lit. 'our mountains' or Iisaxpúatahchee Isawaxaawúua, 'bighorn sheep's mountains') are a mountain range in northern Wyoming and southern Montana in the United States, forming a northwest-trending spur from the Rocky Mountains extending approximately 200 mi (320 km) northward on the Great Plains. They are separated from the Absaroka Range, which lie on the main branch of the Rockies to the west, by the Bighorn Basin. Much of the land is contained within the Bighorn National Forest.
Protocaptorhinus
Protocaptorhinus is an extinct genus of Early Permian (Cisuralian epoch) captorhinid tetrapods known from Texas of the United States. It is known from the holotype MCZ 1478, a three-dimensionally preserved partial skull. It was collected in the Rattlesnake Canyon site from the Petrolia Formation. It was first named by Clark and Carroll in 1973 and the type species is Protocaptorhinus pricei. The generic name means "first Captorhinus" (from Greek) and the specific name honours Llewellyn Ivor Price.

1973 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1973.
Culture of Lahore
The culture of Lahori People is a manifestation of the lifestyle, festivals, literature, music, language, politics, cuisine and socio-economic conditions of its people. It is characterised by the blending of South Asian, Middle Eastern, Central Asian and Western influences.

Lahore's culture is unique. It is sometimes referred as the cultural capital or the heart of Pakistan, the city was a seat of the Mughal Empire and the Sikh Empire as well as the capital of Punjab in Mahmud Ghaznavi's 11th century empire and in the British Empire. Presently, it is the capital of the Punjab province of Pakistan.

Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
The Samadhi of Ranjit Singh is a 19th-century building in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, that houses the funerary urns of the former Sikh Maharaja Ranjit Singh. It is located within the Walled City, adjacent to the Lahore Fort, Badshahi Mosque, and the Gurdwara Dera Sahib. Its construction was started by his son and successor, Maharaja Kharak Singh, after the Maharaja's death in 1839, and completed nine years later. It overlooks the Hazuri Bagh, built by Ranjit Singh, to its south.
2025 SEA Games closing ceremony
The closing ceremony of the 2025 SEA Games took place at Rajamangala Stadium on 20 December 2025.

The SEAGF flag was handed over to Malaysia, the host country of the 2027 edition. The handover segment included performances by Malaysian artistes Marsha Milan, Amir Jahari and Mimifly. The games were officially closed by Thamanat Prompow, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand.

Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand
The deputy prime minister of Thailand (รองนายกรัฐมนตรี, RTGS: Rong Nayok Ratthamontri Thai pronunciation: [rɔ̄ːŋ.nāːjók.rát.tʰa.mōn.trīː]) is a ministerial position within the government of Thailand. Several deputy prime ministers can be appointed and serve concurrently. Such appointments are usually made by the prime minister of Thailand. This position can be combined with other ministerial portfolios. The position was first created in 1943.
2005–06 San Antonio Spurs season
The 2005–06 San Antonio Spurs season was the team's 30th overall season, the 33rd in San Antonio, and the 30th in the NBA. The Spurs entered the season as the defending NBA champions, having defeated the Detroit Pistons in the 2005 NBA Finals in seven games, winning their third NBA championship. They began the season hoping to improve upon their 59–23 output from the previous season. They bested it by four games, finishing 63–19, and qualified for the playoffs for the ninth straight season. After defeating the Sacramento Kings by six games in the first round, the defending champions faced their in-state rival Dallas Mavericks. They were pushed to seven games and the Spurs ended up losing the deciding game of the series.

Tim Duncan and Tony Parker were selected to play in the 2006 NBA All-Star Game in Houston. This is Parker's first All-Star game appearance.

2005 NBA Finals
The 2005 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association's (NBA) 2004–05 season, and the culmination of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion San Antonio Spurs played the Eastern Conference champion Detroit Pistons for the title, with the Spurs holding home court advantage and the Pistons as defending champions. The series was played under a best-of-seven format (unlike the previous three rounds, the team with home court advantage hosted games one, two, six, and seven if all were necessary). It also marked the Pistons' first NBA Finals loss since 1988.

The Spurs won the series four games to three in the first NBA Finals to go to a Game 7 since 1994. The games were broadcast on ABC, with Al Michaels and Hubie Brown commentating. National radio coverage was provided by ESPN Radio through announcers Jim Durham and Dr. Jack Ramsay.
Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo air bridge
The Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo Aerial Bridge (Portuguese: Ponte Aérea) is a Brazilian air shuttle run by various airlines between Santos Dumont airport in Rio de Janeiro and Congonhas airport in São Paulo. It was inaugurated on 5 July 1959 by the airlines Varig, Cruzeiro do Sul and VASP making it the first air shuttle in the world.
It is now operated by LATAM, Gol and Azul. More than 120 flights operate daily between the two cities with an average of one flight every 10 minutes, between the hours of 06:00 and 22:00.

On February 10, 2007, Gol introduced the Boeing 737-800 Short Field Performance (SFP) aircraft into the service.
This model was developed by Boeing at the request of the company as Santos Dumont airport has one of the shortest commercial runways in the world at 1,323 metres (4,341 ft).

VASP
Viação Aérea São Paulo S/A (São Paulo Airways), better known as VASP, was an airline with its head office in the VASP Building at São Paulo–Congonhas Airport in São Paulo, Brazil. It had main bases at São Paulo's two major airports, São Paulo–Congonhas Airport (CGH) and São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport (GRU).
The Air Is on Fire
The Air Is on Fire was a retrospective on the art work of artist and filmmaker David Lynch using themes from his childhood, adolescent, and adult life. It ran from February 24 to May 27, 2007, at the Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain in Paris. The exhibition was also presented in 2009 in Moscow, Russia, updated with a series of lithographs made in 2007–8.

The exhibition was later shown at Gl Strand in Copenhagen, Denmark from September 26, 2010, to January 16, 2011.

The soundscape accompanying the exhibition was released as a CD in 2007. It was subsequently reissued on vinyl through Sacred Bone Records on the Record Store Day of 2014.

Record Store Day
Record Store Day is a semi-annual event established in 2008 to "celebrate the culture of the independently owned record store". Held on one Saturday (typically the third) every April and every Black Friday in November, the day brings together fans, artists, and thousands of independent record stores around the world. A number of records are pressed specifically for Record Store Day, with a list of releases for each country, and are only distributed to shops participating in the event.

The event originated in the United States and has expanded internationally, with official organizers in the United Kingdom, Canada, Ireland, Mexico, Europe, Japan, and Australia.
Chef salad
Chef salad (or chef's salad) is an American salad consisting of hard-boiled eggs, one or more varieties of meat (such as ham, turkey, chicken, or roast beef), tomatoes, cucumbers, and cheese, all placed upon a bed of tossed lettuce or other leaf vegetables. Several early recipes also include anchovies. A variety of dressings may be used with this salad.

Boiled egg
Boiled eggs are a food typically made using chicken eggs. They are cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water. Hard-boiled or hard-cooked eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while soft-boiled eggs may leave the yolk, and sometimes the white, at least partially liquid. Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food around the world.

Besides boiling water immersion, there are a few different methods to make boiled eggs. Eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, i.e. coddling, or they can be steamed. The egg timer was named for commonly being used to time the boiling of eggs.
Seeburger
Seeburger AG (stylized as SEEBURGER) is a German enterprise software company founded in 1986 and headquartered in Bretten, Germany. The company develops, delivers, and maintains the Seeburger Business Integration Suite (BIS): an enterprise-grade, interoperable platform for end-to-end integration that combines Electronic data interchange (EDI), API management, managed file transfer (MFT), and e-invoicing within one solution.

Seeburger provides integration technology to organizations worldwide in industries including manufacturing, automotive, logistics, retail, utilities, finance, and the public sector. The Seeburger BIS enables companies to connect systems, partners, and processes across digital ecosystems.

Managed file transfer
Managed file transfer (MFT) is a technology that provides the secure transfer of data in an efficient and reliable manner. MFT software is marketed to companies as a more secure alternative to using insecure protocols like FTP (file transfer protocol) and HTTP to transfer files. By using an MFT solution, companies can avoid custom scripting and meet compliance requirements.
Parkes High School
Parkes High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Parkes, in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia. It is a part of the Henry Parkes Learning Community.

Established in 1933, the school enrolled approximately 580 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 15 per cent identify as Indigenous Australians and 3 per cent from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Sandra Carter.

The school offers a range of subjects in junior (7 to 10) and senior years (11 to 12) in accordance with a syllabus developed by the New South Wales Education Standards Authority.

New South Wales Education Standards Authority
The New South Wales Education Standards Authority (abbreviated as NESA) is the state government education statutory authority with the responsibility for the establishment and monitoring of school standards in the Australian state of New South Wales. It was formed on 1 January 2017 to replace the Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards,

NESA is also accredited by the Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority as the NSW test administration authority for NAPLAN.

NESA is responsible for awarding the secondary school credentials Record of School Achievement and Higher School Certificate.
Kurusuno Tile Kiln ruins
The Kurusuno Tile Kiln ruins (栗栖野瓦窯跡, Kurusuno no kawara gama ato) is an archaeological site with the remains of  roof tile kilns located in the Iwakura Hataeda-cho neighborhood of  Sakyō-ku, Kyoto city in the Kansai region of Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1934.

Roof tiles
Roof tiles are overlapping tiles designed mainly to keep out precipitation such as rain or snow, and are traditionally made from locally available materials such as clay or slate. Later tiles have been made from materials such as concrete, glass, and plastic.

Roof tiles can be affixed by screws or nails, but in some cases historic designs utilize interlocking systems that are self-supporting. Tiles typically cover an underlayment system, which seals the roof against water intrusion.
Dürr Dental
Dürr Dental is a German company in the dental industry, which was founded as a precision-mechanics workshop in Stuttgart-Feuerbach in 1941 by the brothers Karl and Wilhelm Dürr, from Gechingen close to Calw in the Schwarzwald.
Today's company headquarters of the Swabian company is in Bietigheim-Bissingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. More than 475 employees are employed in Bietigheim-Bissingen in the areas of production and logistics, research and development, acquisition, management as well as sales and marketing. The Dürr Dental group employs more than 1,300 employees.

Calw
Calw (German pronunciation: [ˈkalf] ⓘ; previously pronounced [ˈkalp] and sometimes spelled Kalb accordingly; Swabian: Calb) is a town in the middle of Baden-Württemberg in the south of Germany, capital and largest town of the district Calw. It is located in the Northern Black Forest and is approximately 18 km (11 mi) south of Pforzheim and 33 km (21 mi) west of Stuttgart. It has the status of a große Kreisstadt.
Chester–Warrington line
The Chester–Warrington line is a railway line running between Chester and Warrington Bank Quay in North West England.

There are two passenger trains per hour in each direction between Chester and Warrington. One (operated by Northern Trains) continues to Manchester Victoria and Leeds and the other (operated by Transport for Wales) continues to Manchester Piccadilly. A Transport for Wales service also runs from Chester to Liverpool via Frodsham from where it continues via the Halton Curve.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.