hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1865 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held in Rhode Island on April 5, 1865. The National Union incumbent governor James Y. Smith was re-elected against token opposition.

Smith, a Radical Republican, won the 1863 Rhode Island gubernatorial election and was re-elected in 1864. His nearest opponent was the former state senator Edward Harris, an abolitionist and temperance supporter who ran on the Equal Rights ticket.

Rhode Island Senate
The Rhode Island Senate is the upper house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the lower house being the Rhode Island House of Representatives. It is composed of 38 Senators, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Rhode Island is one of the 14 states where its upper house serves at a two-year cycle, rather than the normal four-year term as in most states. There is no limit to the number of terms that a Senator may serve. The Rhode Island Senate meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, commissions and boards and Justices to the Rhode Island Judiciary.
Niall Ferguson bibliography
The bibliography of Niall Ferguson, a Scottish historian based in the United States who is the Milbank Family Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University and a Senior Faculty Fellow at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University. Previously, he was a professor at Harvard, the London School of Economics and New York University, a visiting professor at the UK New College of the Humanities, and a senior research fellow at Jesus College, Oxford, England.

Ferguson writes and lectures on international history, economic and financial history and British and American imperialism.

He has written more than a dozen books.

Northeastern University – London
Northeastern University – London is a public university in London, England. It was founded in 2010 as New College of the Humanities by the philosopher A. C. Grayling, who became its first Master. The college originally specialised in the humanities, social sciences, and master's degrees at the intersection of the humanities and technology. In February 2019 the college was acquired by Northeastern University, a private American research university based in Boston, Massachusetts, and rebranded as NCH at Northeastern. A year later, in February 2020, NCH at Northeastern was granted its own taught degree awarding powers. It was awarded university title and changed its name to "Northeastern University – London" after regulatory approval by the Office for Students in July 2022.

The university's campus is located in the St Katharine Docks area of London.
Tonneins XIII
Tonneins XIII are a French Rugby league club based in Tonneins, Lot-et-Garonne, in the Aquitaine region. They play in the French Elite 2 championship. The club plays its home games at the Stade Jean-Bernege

Lot-et-Garonne
Lot-et-Garonne (French pronunciation: [lɔt e ɡaʁɔn] ⓘ, Occitan: Òlt e Garona) is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of Southwestern France. Named after the rivers Lot and Garonne, it had a population of 331,271 in 2019. Its prefecture and largest city is Agen.
Eric Simpson
Eric Simpson is an American women's basketball coach who most recently served as the head coach at Loyola University Chicago from 2009 until resigning at the end of the 2012–13 season.  He previously served as a women's assistant coach and Director of Men's Basketball Operations at Loyola and was an assistant coach on the high school level at Loyola Academy from 1994 to 1996 and his alma mater, St. Ignatius, from 1999 to 2001. Simpson was also the athletic director and head boys basketball coach at Marquette Catholic High School in Michigan City, Indiana from 2001 to 2005.

Coach (basketball)
Basketball coaching is the act of directing and strategizing the behavior of a basketball team or individual basketball player. Basketball coaching typically encompasses the improvement of individual and team offensive and defensive skills, as well as overall physical conditioning. Coaches also have the responsibility to improve their team by player development, strategy, and in-game management. Coaches also teach and inspire their team to be their best.

Coaching is usually performed by a single person, often with the help of one or more assistants.
FC Skala Stryi (2004)
FC Skala Stryi was a Ukrainian football professional team from Stryi in Lviv oblast. It used to play at Medyk Stadium in Morshyn that previously belonged to former FC Medyk Morshyn. On 9 July 2018 the Professional Football League of Ukraine confirmed that the club withdrew from competition.

It is the fourth reincarnation of Ukrainian sports club that existed in Austria-Hungary (Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria) in 1911.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Ricky Long
Ricky D. Long is an American politician from Maine. A Republican, Long formerly represented a portion of Aroostook County, Maine, in the Maine House of Representatives. He was first elected to the legislature in 2010 after serving as chair of the board of selectmen in his hometown of Sherman, Maine. During the 126th Legislature (2013–14), Long submitted a bill to ban the Agenda 21 environmental action plan in Maine. He also co-sponsored a bill with Senator Roger Sherman (R-Houlton) to allow the town of Bancroft, Maine, to become an unorganized territory.

Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via plurality voting. The nonvoting members represent three of Maine's Native American tribes, though one tribe (the Penobscot Nation) has declined to send a representative. Each voting member of the House represents around 9,000 citizens of the state. Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine House of Representatives usually have outside employment as well. Members are limited to four consecutive terms of two years each, but may run again after two years.

The House meets at the Maine State House in Augusta.
Giebisch and Joplin
Giebisch and Joplin was a contracting and paving company in Portland, Oregon in the 1900s and 1910s.  The company was run by Ada Joplin and her husband Anton Giebisch, married on 8 June 1892. The company built the original Brooklyn neighborhood sewers in Portland, Oregon, as well as jetties in Coos Bay and Clatsop, Oregon although they primarily laid sidewalks and streets. Giebisch and Joplin also started a condensed milk plant in Bandon, Oregon.

Bandon, Oregon
Bandon (/ˈbændən/) is a city in Coos County, Oregon, United States, on the south side of the mouth of the Coquille River. It was named by George Bennet, an Irish peer, who settled nearby in 1873 and named the town after Bandon in Ireland, his hometown. The population was 3,066 at the 2010 census and by the 2020 census it was 3,321.
Mark Rivera
Mark Rivera (born May 24, 1953) is an American saxophonist, multi-instrumentalist, singer, and musical director who is mostly known for his work with Billy Joel. In addition to playing soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone saxophone, Rivera's musical abilities include vocals, guitar, bass, flute, percussion, hammer and chromium steel pipe, and keyboards.

Alto
The musical term alto, meaning "high" in Italian (from Latin: altus), historically refers to the contrapuntal part higher than the tenor and its associated vocal range. In four-part voice leading alto is the second-highest part, sung in choruses by either low women's or high men's voices. In vocal classification these are usually called contralto and male alto or countertenor.
Thomas Ragon, Abbot of Vale Royal
Thomas Ragon was the eighth Abbot of Vale Royal Abbey, Cheshire. His term of office lasted from 1351 to 1369. His abbacy was predominantly occupied with recommencing the building works at Vale Royal—which had been in abeyance for a decade—and the assertion of his abbey's rights over a satellite church in Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion, which was also claimed by the Abbot of Gloucester.

Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion
Llanbadarn Fawr (Welsh pronunciation: [ɬanˌbadarn ˈvau̯r]) is a village and community in Ceredigion, Wales. It is on the outskirts of Aberystwyth next to Penparcau and Southgate. It forms the eastern part of the continually built-up area of Aberystwyth. It holds two electoral wards, Padarn and Sulien which elect a Ceredigion County Councillor each and several Llanbadarn Fawr Community Councillors. At the 2001 census its population as a community was recorded at 2,899, increasing to 3,380 at the 2011 census.
Alfonso Milián Sorribas
Alfonso Milián Sorribas (15 January 1939 – 26 November 2020) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop.

Milián Sorribas was born in Spain and was ordained to the priesthood in 1962. He served as titular bishop of Diana and as Auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zaragoza, Spain, from 2000 to 2004 and as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Barbastro-Monzón, Spain, from 2004 to 2014.

Sorribas died from COVID-19 at the age of 81.

Archdiocese of Zaragoza
The Archdiocese of Saragossa (Latin: Archidiœcesis Cæsaraugustana; Aragonese: Archidiocesi de Zaragoza) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church located in north-eastern Spain, in the province of Zaragoza (Saragossa in English), part of the autonomous community of Aragón. The archdiocese heads the ecclesiastical province of Saragossa, having metropolitan authority over the suffragan dioceses of Barbastro-Monzón, Huesca, Tarazona, and Teruel and Albarracín.

The diocese was created in Roman times; Pope John XXII elevated it to an archdiocese in 1318.
Rahi (goddess)
Rahi (IAST: Rāhi), also called Rahimai, is a regional form of the Hindu goddess Radha in the Indian state of Maharashtra. She is associated with Vithoba (Vitthal), the local form of Krishna.

According to local legends, Rahi is the wife of Vithoba. Indian sociologist G. S. Ghurye states that the regional form "Rahi" is derived from "Radhika", another name of Radha.

G. S. Ghurye
Govind Sadashiv Ghurye (12 December 1893 – 28 December 1983) was a pioneering Indian academic who was a professor of sociology. In 1924, he became the second person to head the Department of Sociology at the University of Bombay. And, is widely regarded as the founder of Indian Sociology & Sociology in India.
James Pearson Shaw
James Pearson Shaw (January 24, 1867 – December 9, 1946) was a political figure in British Columbia. He represented Kamloops in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1909 to 1916 as a Conservative.

He was born in Glanbrook Township, Ontario, the son of Thomas Shaw and Mary Jane Choate, and was educated in Brant County and in Brantford. He taught school for two years in Brant County. Shaw came to British Columbia in 1888. In 1890, he married Nellie Wilson. Shaw moved to Shuswap in 1894. He was a justice of the peace, served as secretary-treasurer for the Shuswap school board and was president of the Kamloops Agricultural Association from 1903 to 1904. Shaw was defeated by Frederick William Anderson when he ran for reelection to the assembly in 1916. He was named by the province to the Royal Commission on Indian Affairs that was formed in 1913. He died in Kamloops at the age of 79.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Palmar branch of ulnar nerve
The palmar branch of the ulnar nerve arises about five cm proximal to the wrist from where the ulnar nerve splits into palmar and dorsal branches. It supplies sensory innervation to a small area on the palmar surface of the wrist.

The palmar branch represents the continuation of the ulnar nerve as it crosses the flexor retinaculum of the hand on the lateral side of the pisiform bone, medial to and a little behind the ulnar artery.

Some sources state that it ends by dividing into a superficial and a deep branch. (Other sources state that the superficial branch of ulnar nerve and deep branch of ulnar nerve are the terminal branches of the ulnar nerve itself.)

Pisiform bone
The pisiform bone (/ˈpaɪsɪfɔːrm/ or /ˈpɪzɪfɔːrm/), also spelled pisiforme (from the Latin pisiformis, pea-shaped), is a small knobbly, sesamoid bone that is found in the wrist. It forms the ulnar border of the carpal tunnel.
János Juszkó
János Juszkó (9 June 1939 – 2 May 2018) was a Hungarian cyclist. Juszko was born in Budapest, his profession was a Toolmaker. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in the individual road race and the 100 km team time trial and finished in 24th and 12th place, respectively.

He took part in eight Peace Races and won one stage in 1966. In 1964 and 1965 he was chosen Hungarian road cyclist of the year. He retired in 1973 and later worked as a cycling coach and a teacher of physical education.

Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's team time trial
The men's team road race time trial was a road bicycle racing event held as part of the Cycling at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. It was held on 14 October 1964. 33 teams of 4 cyclists competed. The course was slightly over 36.6 kilometres long, with 3 laps being required to give a total distance of 109.893 kilometres.
Kliczków
Kliczków [ˈklit͡ʂkuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiecznica, within Bolesławiec County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Kliczków is the location of a notable castle dating from 1297.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
UMass Boston Beacons football
The UMass Boston Beacons football team represented the University of Massachusetts Boston in college football at the NCAA Division III level. The Beacons were members of the New England Football Conference (NEFC), having fielded its team in the NEFC from 1988 to 2000. The Beacons played their home games at the Clark Athletic Center in Boston, Massachusetts.

Their last head coach was Paul Castonia, who took over the position from 1998 to 2000.

Conference of New England
The Conference of New England (CNE), formerly known as the Commonwealth Coast Conference (CCC), is an intercollegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Division III. Member institutions are located in New England in the states of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island.
1984 Norwegian Second Division
The 1984 2. divisjon was a Norway's second-tier football league season.

The league was contested by 24 teams, divided into two groups; A and B. The winners of group A and B were promoted to the 1985 1. divisjon. The second placed teams met the 10th position finisher in the 1. divisjon in a qualification round where the winner was promoted to 1. divisjon. The bottom three teams inn both groups were relegated to the 3. divisjon.

Hamarkameratene
Hamarkameratene (lit. 'the Hamar Comrades'), often abbreviated to HamKam or Ham-Kam, is a Norwegian professional football club based in the town of Hamar. The club was founded in 1918, originally under the name Freidig.

HamKam were most recently promoted to the Eliteserien in 2021. A third-place finish in 1970 is the highest position that the team has held in the top division; the club has never progressed beyond the semifinals of the Norwegian Cup, last reaching the semifinals in 1989.

Briskeby Stadion has been the home ground of Hamarkameratene since 1936. The construction of a completely modernized stadium began in 2007 but has never been completed. Originally scheduled to be completed in 2009, the expanded Briskeby is expected to have a capacity of 10,200 spectators on completion, but currently has a capacity of approximately 8,100.
A Grin Without a Cat
A Grin Without a Cat is a 1977 French essay film by Chris Marker. It focuses on global political turmoil in the 1960s and '70s, including the rise of the New Left in France and the development of socialist movements in Latin America. Using the image of Lewis Carroll's Cheshire Cat, the film's title evokes a dissonance between the promise of a global socialist revolution (the grin) and its actual nonexistence. The film's original French title is Le fond de l'air est rouge, which means "The essence of the air is red", and has a subtext similar to the English title, implying that the socialist movement existed only in the air.

The title is also a play on words:
The original expression in French is "Le fond de l'air est frais", meaning "there is a chill/a nip in the air". Chris Marker replaced the last word, "frais" (fresh), with "rouge" (red), so the original title translates to At the bottom the air is red (communism/socialism).

Wordplay
Wordplay (also: play-on-words) is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Examples of wordplay include puns, phonetic mix-ups such as spoonerisms, obscure words and meanings, clever rhetorical excursions, oddly formed sentences, double entendres, and telling character names (such as in the play The Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest being a given name that sounds exactly like the adjective earnest).

Wordplay is quite common in oral cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Examples of text-based (orthographic) wordplay are found in languages with or without alphabet-based scripts, such as homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese.
Gourdon, Aberdeenshire
Gourdon (/ˈɡʊərdən/) nicknamed Gurdin by the population, is a coastal fishing village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, south of Inverbervie and north of Johnshaven, with a natural harbour. Its harbour was built in 1820. It was formerly in Kincardineshire. It is known for its close community and unique local dialect. It is a picturesque harbour village that boasts lovely views along the pathway to Inverbervie.

Kincardineshire
Kincardineshire or the County of Kincardine, also known as the Mearns (from the Scottish Gaelic A' Mhaoirne meaning "the stewartry"), is a historic county, registration county and lieutenancy area on the coast of north-east Scotland. It is bounded by Aberdeenshire on the north, and by Angus on the south-west.

The county was named after its original county town of Kincardine, near Fettercairn. The county town was moved to Stonehaven in 1600, by which time the town of Kincardine was in decline; it was subsequently abandoned. Other towns in the county include Banchory, Inverbervie and Laurencekirk.

The county was abolished as an administrative area in 1975. Since 1996, most of the pre-1975 county has formed part of the Aberdeenshire council area, with the exception of Nigg, which is in Aberdeen City. The name "Kincardine" is used in Kincardine and Mearns, a committee area of the Aberdeenshire Council, although this covers a smaller area than the county.
A Nymph of the Waves
A Nymph of the Waves is a silent, short film produced in the year 1900 by Frederick S. Armitage for American Mutoscope and Biograph Company. Armitage's main claim to fame is film direction; but this is one of the few films he is known to have worked on as a producer.

Biograph Company
The Biograph Company, also known as the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company, was a motion picture company founded in 1895 and active until 1916. It was the first company in the United States devoted entirely to film production and exhibition, and for two decades was one of the most prolific, releasing over 3000 short films and 12 feature films. During the height of silent film as a medium, Biograph was the most prominent American film studio and one of the most respected and influential studios worldwide, only rivaled by Germany's UFA, Sweden's Svensk Filmindustri and France's Pathé. The company was home to pioneering director D. W. Griffith and such actors as Mary Pickford, Lillian Gish, and Lionel Barrymore.
The Lady in the Lake (Agent Carter)
"The Lady in the Lake" is the first episode of the second season of the American television series Agent Carter, inspired by the films Captain America: The First Avenger and Captain America: The Winter Soldier, and the Marvel One-Shot short film also titled Agent Carter. It features the Marvel Comics character Peggy Carter as she travels to Los Angeles to assist with a strange new case, and is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise. The episode was written by Brant Englestein and directed by Lawrence Trilling.

Hayley Atwell reprises her role as Carter from the film series, and is joined by regular cast members James D'Arcy, Chad Michael Murray, and Enver Gjokaj.

"The Lady in the Lake" originally aired on ABC on January 19, 2016, and according to Nielsen Media Research, was watched by 3.18 million viewers.

Daniel Sousa (Marvel Cinematic Universe)
Daniel Jordan Sousa is a fictional character portrayed by Enver Gjokaj in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). A war veteran and agent with the SSR (and later S.H.I.E.L.D.) who experiences prejudice due to his leg injury, he was created for Agent Carter (2015–2016). Gjokaj then signed a deal to return for the seventh season of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (2020).
Sodium croscarmellose
Sodium croscarmellose is an internally cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose for use as a superdisintegrant in pharmaceutical formulations.

E468 is the E number of crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, used in food as an emulsifier.

Cross-link
In chemistry and biology, a cross-link is a bond or a short sequence of bonds that links one polymer chain to another. These links may take the form of covalent bonds or ionic bonds and the polymers can be either synthetic polymers or natural polymers (such as proteins).

In polymer chemistry "cross-linking" usually refers to the use of cross-links to promote a change in the polymers' physical properties.

When "crosslinking" is used in the biological field, it refers to the use of a probe to link proteins together to check for protein–protein interactions, as well as other creative cross-linking methodologies.

Although the term is used to refer to the "linking of polymer chains" for both sciences, the extent of crosslinking and specificities of the crosslinking agents vary greatly.