hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation is a thermal pain treatment procedure. For example, percutaneous intradiscal radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PIRFT) involves the placement of an electrode or catheter into the intervertebral disc and applying an alternating radiofrequency current.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Mandela Effect (album)
Mandela Effect is the second remix album by American musician Gonjasufi (Sumach Ecks), released by record label Warp in 2017. His collaborators include underground hip-hop group Shabazz Palaces, Daddy G from Massive Attack, and Nigerian percussionist Tony Allen. The album contains 16 tracks—remixes from his previous album Callus as well as several originals and collaborations. The title refers to the phenomenon of false memories which are shared by numerous people, dubbed the "Mandela effect" by some in reference to mistaken memories of the death of Nelson Mandela before he became president of South Africa.

False memory
In psychology,  a false memory is a phenomenon where someone recalls something that did not actually happen or recalls it differently from the way it actually happened. Suggestibility, activation of associated information, the incorporation of misinformation, and source misattribution have been suggested to be several mechanisms underlying a variety of types of false memory.
Om du tror att jag saknar dig
"Om du tror att jag saknar dig" is a Swedish language song by singer Jakob Karlberg. The song was performed for the first time in Melodifestivalen 2020, subsequently being released as a single on 22 February 2020. It was written by Henrik Moreberg, Isak Hallén, Karlberg and Nanne Grönvall. The song was produced by Mattias Andréasson. It peaked at number 70 on the Swedish Singles Chart.

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
The Maltings College
The Maltings College was a free school sixth form in Fountainhead, near Halifax, West Yorkshire, England.

Established in 2013, The Maltings College is located at the former site of Webster's Brewery. Until its closure in 2018, the college offers a range of vocational qualifications at levels 1 to 3. Areas of instruction include:

Barbering

Beauty therapy

Business

Catering

Childcare

Hairdressing

Health and social care

IT betworking

Motor vehicle maintenance

Sport

Free school (England)
A free school in England is a type of academy established since 2010 under the Cameron–Clegg government's free school policy initiative. From May 2015, usage of the term was formally extended to include new academies set up via a local authority competition. Like other academies, free schools are non-profit-making, state-funded schools which are free to attend but which are mostly independent of the local authority.
James Crawford (alpine skier)
James Alexander "Jack" Crawford (born 3 May 1997) is a Canadian World Cup alpine ski racer. He specializes in the speed disciplines of downhill and super-G, and occasionally competes in giant slalom and combined.

Crawford made his World Cup debut in January 2016 in a super-G at Kitzbühel, Austria. He competed in the 2018 Winter Olympics, and the World Championships in 2019 and 2021, where he was fourth in the combined event. In January 2022, Crawford was named to Canada's Olympic team; he was fourth in the downhill, sixth in the super-G, and won the bronze medal in the combined. At the 2023 World Championships in Courchevel, Crawford won his first gold medal in Super-G. In 2025, he won the Kitzbühel downhill, the first Canadian win since Todd Brooker in 1983.

Crawford's older sister Candace is also an alpine racer; their aunt is Judy Crawford, who finished fourth in the slalom at the 1972 Winter Olympics at Sapporo.

Hahnenkamm, Kitzbühel
The Hahnenkamm is a mountain in Europe, directly southwest of Kitzbühel in the Kitzbühel Alps of Austria. The elevation of its summit is 1,712 metres (5,617 ft) above sea level.

The Hahnenkamm (German: rooster's comb) is part of the ski resort of Kitzbühel, and hosts an annual World Cup alpine ski race, the Hahnenkammrennen. The most famous slope on the Hahnenkamm is the classic downhill course, the Streif (streak, or stripe), which is regarded as the most demanding race course on the World Cup circuit.  The course features highly technical, "fall-away" turns (reverse bank), many with limited visibility. It also contains several flat gliding sections, immediately preceded by difficult turns, placing a premium on both technical and gliding skills. The Streif is located on the mountain's northeast face which in January is mostly in the shade, adding the difficulty of flat vision to the already exceptionally demanding run.
Rampart Airport
Rampart Airport (IATA: RMP, ICAO: PFMP, FAA LID: RMP) is a state owned, public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) east of the central business district of Rampart, in the Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Commercial service was subsidized by the Essential Air Service program until October 2016.

As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 224 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 159 enplanements in 2009, and 224 in 2010. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a general aviation airport.

Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska
Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area (/ˈjuːkɒn ˈkaɪjəkək/ YOO-kon KY-yə-kək) is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,343, down from 5,588 in 2010. With an area of 147,842.51 sq mi (382,910.3 km2), it is the largest of any county or county-equivalent in the United States. While slightly larger than the entire state of Montana, the census area only consists of 22.2% of Alaska's total area. It is part of the unorganized borough of Alaska and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest communities are the cities of Galena, in the west, and Fort Yukon, in the northeast.
Olavo Yépez
Olavo Yépez Obando (20 August 1937 – 17 May 2021) was an Ecuadorian chess master.

He was born in San Gabriel in the Carchi province of Ecuador. Yépez won the Ecuadorian Chess Championship at Pichincha 1962, took 9th at Mar del Plata 1962 (Torneo Latino-americano, Raimundo García won), tied for 3rd–6th at Havana 1966 (Pan American Chess Championship, Eleazar Jiménez won), played at Caracas 1967 (zonal, Miguel Cuéllar won), took 2nd, behind Silvino Garcia Martinez, at Santa Clara 1968, shared 1st with Eleazar Jiménez Zerquera at Quito/Guayaquil 1969 (zonal), took 15th at Caracas 1970 (Oscar Panno, Leonid Stein and Lubomir Kavalek won), took 3rd at Caracas 1973 (Kenneth Frey Beckman won), and took 2nd, behind Jorge Rubinetti, at Quito 1975.

Olavo Yépez played thrice for Ecuador in Chess Olympiads (Tel Aviv 1964, Havana 1966, and Nice 1974) at first board.

He was awarded the International Master title in 1969.

He died of cancer on 17 May 2021, at the age of 83.

South American Chess Championship
The first South American Chess Championship (Torneo Sudamericano, Torneio Sulamericano) was held in Montevideo (Carrasco), Uruguay, on December 25, 1921 – January 22, 1922. The eighteen-player single round-robin tournament was won by Roberto Grau 14/17, followed by Benito Villegas, Valentin Fernandez Coria and Rolando Illa, all got 12.5/17, etc.

The Torneio Sulamericano was replaced in 1951 by the Torneio Zonal Sulamericano, except for 1962 (*) when the Torneo Latino-americano was played.
Innocent: Her Fancy and His Fact
Innocent: Her Fancy and His Fact is a 1914 English novel by Marie Corelli.  Its theme is the mistreatment of illegitimate children.  It also contains several proto-feminist polemics against marriage. it was adapted into the 1921 silent film Innocent.

Innocent (1921 film)
Innocent is a 1921 British silent drama film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Madge Stuart, Basil Rathbone and Edward O'Neill. The film marked the screen debut of Rathbone, with his casting as a villainous figure pointing towards the sort of roles he would play in later British and Hollywood films. The film was made by Stoll Pictures, Britain's leading film company of the era, at Cricklewood Studios.
Epilepsy Society
The Epilepsy Society (formerly known as the National Society for Epilepsy) is the largest medical charity in the field of epilepsy in the United Kingdom, providing services for people with epilepsy for over 100 years. Based in Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, UK, its stated mission is "to enhance the quality of life of people affected by epilepsy by promoting research, education and public awareness and by delivering specialist medical care and support services." The Epilepsy Society has close partnerships with the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and the UCL Institute of Neurology, both located in Queen Square, London.

UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
The UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology is an institute within the Faculty of Brain Sciences of University College London (UCL) and is located in London, United Kingdom. Together with the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, an adjacent facility with which it cooperates closely, the institute forms a major centre for teaching, training and research in neurology and allied clinical and basic neurosciences.

The institute has a staff of around 750 and 500 graduate students, an annual turnover of £102 million and occupies around 12,000 sq m of laboratory and office space. Four of the 12 most highly cited authors in neuroscience and behaviour in the world are currently based at the institute. The institute conducts research into a wide range of neurological diseases, including movement disorders, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, brain cancer, stroke and brain injury, muscle and nerve disorders, cognitive dysfunction and dementia. It forms a key part of UCL Neuroscience.
1928 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1928 Norwegian Football Cup was the 27th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. The final was played at Halden Stadion in Halden on 14 October 1928, and was contested by the defending champions Ørn and the four-time former winners Lyn. Ørn successfully defended their title with a 2–1 victory, securing their third Norwegian Cup trophy.

Norwegian Football Federation
The Norwegian Football Federation (Bokmål: Norges Fotballforbund, Nynorsk: Noregs Fotballforbund; NFF) is the governing body of football in Norway. It was formed in 1902 and organises the men's and women's national teams, as well as the league systems for men and women (whose top levels are respectively the Eliteserien and Toppserien). The current president of NFF is Lise Klaveness. By 1 January 2004, there were 1,814 clubs organized in Norway and 373,532 registered players. It is the largest sports federation in Norway.

The NFF joined FIFA in 1908, and UEFA in 1954.

The NFF was part of an unsuccessful joint bid with the SvFF, the DBU and the SPL to host the UEFA Euro 2008 championship. The SvFF invited the NFF to join them in bidding for the UEFA Euro 2016 championship. The NFF and Norwegian politicians expressed support for such a proposal, but Euro 2016 was eventually awarded to France.
1975 Vuelta a España, Stage 11a to Stage 19b
The 1975 Vuelta a España was the 30th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Fuengirola, with a prologue individual time trial on 22 April, and Stage 11a occurred on 3 May with a stage from Cambrils. The race finished in San Sebastián on 11 May.

Miranda de Ebro
Miranda de Ebro (Spanish: [miˈɾan̪da ðe ˈeβɾo]) is a Spanish municipality belonging to the province of Burgos in the autonomous community of Castile and León. Straddling the Ebro river, near its confluence with the Bayas, the city is located on the northern watershed of the Obarenes Mountains, near the border with the Basque province of Álava and the autonomous community of La Rioja. As of 2 January 2025, the municipality has a registered population of 37,138.

The city has an industrial economy focusing on the chemical industry. Connected to the Meseta Central through the Pancorbo Pass, Miranda is an important transportation hub, served by the AP-1 and AP-68 road routes and the Madrid–Hendaye and Tudela–Bilbao rail routes. Within 80 kilometres (50 miles) are the cities of Bilbao, Burgos, Logroño and Vitoria-Gasteiz.
College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University
The College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University (Thai: วิทยาลัยแพทยศาสตร์และการสาธารณสุข มหาวิทยาลัยอุบลราชธานี) is a medical and public health school in Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand.

Warin Chamrap district
Warin Chamrap (Thai: วารินชำราบ, pronounced [wāː.rīn tɕʰām.râːp]; Northeastern Thai: วารินซำราบ, pronounced [wa᷇ː.li᷇n sa᷇m.lâːp]) is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Ubon Ratchathani province, northeastern Thailand (Isan).
HMS Donegal (1858)
HMS Donegal was one of two 101-gun second-rate screw-driven Conqueror-class ship of the line built for the Royal Navy during the 1850s. Completed in 1859, she served with the Channel and North America and West Indies Squadrons before she was decommissioned in 1870. The ship was renamed Vernon I in 1886 when she became part of HMS Vernon, the Royal Navy's torpedo and mine school. The ship was sold for scrap in 1925.

Second-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns and were originally two-deckers or had only partially armed third gun decks. A "second rate" was the second largest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.

They were essentially smaller and hence cheaper versions of the 100-gun first-rates. Like the first rates, they fought in the line of battle, but unlike the first rates, which were considered too valuable to risk in distant stations, the second rates often served also in major overseas stations as flagships. They had a reputation for poor handling and slow sailing. They were popular as flagships of admirals commanding the Windward and/or Leeward Islands station, which was usually a Rear-admiral of the red.
Filip Videnov
Filip Aleksandrov Videnov (born 12 June 1980) is a Bulgarian retired professional basketball player who last played for Beroe of the NBL. He was also a longtime member of the Bulgarian men's national team.

Videnov played college basketball in the United States at Western Kentucky University.  He played high school basketball at Washington College Academy in Limestone, Tennessee.

BC Beroe
BC Beroe (Bulgarian: БК Берое) is a Bulgarian professional basketball club based in Stara Zagora and plays in the Bulgarian National Basketball League. The club plays its home games at the Obshtinska  Municipal Hall, which has a capacity of 800 spectators. In 2012, the team promoted to the NBL.

In European competition, Beroe has participated in the FIBA Europe Cup and the Balkan International Basketball League. They are 1 time finalist in Bulgarian league (2017), 1 time Bulgarian Cup winner (2017), 1 time Balkan League winner (2017).

Beroe's team colors are green and white, and their mascot is a bear named Bero.
International Ship and Port Facility Security Code
The International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code is an amendment to the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) Convention (1974/1988) on Maritime security including minimum security arrangements for ships, ports and government agencies.  Having come into force in 2004, it prescribes responsibilities to governments, shipping companies, shipboard personnel, and port/facility personnel to "detect security threats and take preventive measures against security incidents affecting ships or port facilities used in international trade."

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Federico Gil
Federico Guillermo Gil (1915 – 2000) was a political scientist and founder and president of the Latin American Studies Association and a recipient of its Kalman Silvert Award for outstanding lifetime service to Latin American studies.

He held the title of Kenan Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Latin American Studies Association
The Latin American Studies Association (LASA) is the largest association for scholars of Latin American studies. Founded in 1966, it has over 12,000 members, 45 percent of whom reside outside the United States (36 percent in Latin America and the Caribbean), LASA brings together experts on Latin America from all disciplines and diverse occupational endeavors, across the globe.
Volontaires station
Volontaires (French pronunciation: [vɔlɔ̃tɛːʁ]) is a station on Line 12 of the Paris Métro located in the 15th arrondissement. The station is named after the nearby Rue des Volontaires. In 1822, locals transformed an existing dead end into an alley that led to the Rue de Vaugirard, hence its initial name of Ruelle Volontaire ("voluntary alley"), with the "s" added later to pay homage to the soldiers of the French Revolution, the National Volunteers.

National Volunteers (France)
During the upheaval of 1791, the young Constitutional Kingdom of France began a process of mobilisation, which would become known as a Levée en masse (Mass Levy) in a call for volunteers to defend the borders of France. With monarchist emigration growing and the King and his court preparing to flee, Article 14 of the law of 15 June 1791 passed making the mass levy official. The new law called for at least one unit be raised in each department and in each district for the national defence of the territory.

With the outbreak of the War of the First Coalition on 6 July 1792, the first one-hundred units were raised immediately sent into the Paris region where they became known as the 'National Volunteers' or Volontaires Nationaux.  However, this name was more-or-less an information designation, as the older term of National Guard or Garde Nationale was preferred and typically used in official documents.
Jill Bonner
Jill Christine Bonner (August 20, 1937 - July 29, 2021) was a British-American condensed matter physicist known for her research on the behavior of linear systems of antiferromagnetic particles. She was a professor of physics at the University of Rhode Island.

Antiferromagnetism
Antiferromagnetism is a type of magnetic ordering, just like ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism. In antiferromagnets the individual magnetic dipoles are oriented in a way such that the bulk of the material has a vanishing total magnetization. In the simplest model, as shown in the picture on the right, neighboring moments in an ordered lattice are oriented antiparallel to one another. Since there are multiple ways of arranging magnetic moments on a lattice (especially in three dimensions), there exist various types of antiferromagnetic ordering. The phenomenon of antiferromagnetism was first introduced by Lev Landau in 1933.

Generally, antiferromagnetic order may exist at sufficiently low temperatures, but vanishes at and above the Néel temperature – named after Louis Néel, who had first identified this type of magnetic ordering. Above the Néel temperature, the material is typically paramagnetic.
Francis Webster
Francis Webster (1767–1827) was an architect who worked in Kendal, Westmorland, England.  He has been described as "the first to introduce the public profession of architecture into Kendal".

Webster's family had been masons and marble polishers. He arrived in the town in about 1787 and by the end of the century he was designing houses. During the early 19th century, he designed a new Meeting House for the town's Quakers, and was also involved with the promotion and building of the Lancaster Canal which reached Kendal in 1819.

Westmorland
Westmorland (/ˈwɛstmərlənd/, formerly also spelt Westmoreland) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The area included part of the Lake District and the southern Vale of Eden, and its inhabitants were known as Westmerians.

The county had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria together with Cumberland, the Sedbergh area of Yorkshire, and the Furness area of Lancashire. It gives its name to the Westmorland and Furness unitary authority area, which covers a larger area than the historic county.
Charles Falls
Charles Fausset Falls (1 January 1860 – 20 September 1936) was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.

Falls studied on HMS Conway and then at Trinity College, Dublin, then managed the family estate, at Fallsbrook, County Tyrone.  During World War I, he served as a major in the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers.

Falls stood unsuccessfully for the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) in Fermanagh and Tyrone at the 1923 UK general election, being defeated by two Nationalist Party candidates. At the 1924 election, the Nationalist Party did not stand, and Falls was elected alongside fellow UUP member James Pringle, easily beating two Sinn Féin members. Falls did not stand in 1929, when two Nationalist Party members gained the constituency unopposed.

HMS Conway (school ship)
53°12′14″N 4°13′01″W﻿ / ﻿53.204°N 4.217°W﻿ / 53.204; -4.217

HMS Conway was a naval training school or "school ship", founded in 1859 and housed for most of her life aboard a 19th-century wooden ship of the line. The ship was originally stationed on the Mersey near Liverpool, then moved to the Menai Strait during World War II. While being towed back to Birkenhead for a refit in 1953, she ran aground and was wrecked, and later burned. The school moved to purpose-built premises on Anglesey where it continued for another twenty years.