hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
54th Infantry Division (India)
The 54th Infantry Division is an Infantry division of the Indian Army. The Division was raised as an Infantry Division, but was converted into a Reorganised Amphibious Formation (RAMFOR) in 2011. It is currently the only division of the Indian Army which carries out Amphibious warfare. The division is headquartered at Secunderabad in Telangana and is a part of XXI Corps. The Division is commanded by an Officer of the rank of Major General titled General Officer Commanding (GOC).

Brigadier (India)
Brigadier is a one-star rank in the Indian Army. Brigadier ranks above the rank of Colonel and below the two-star rank of Major General.

The equivalent rank in the Indian Navy is Commodore and in the Indian Air Force is Air Commodore.
Elrod Bridge
Elrod Bridge was one of nine metal highway bridges in Fulton County, Illinois once listed on the National Register of Historic Places.  It was listed from 1980 until 1995.

Elrod was one of the six bridges that have been demolished out of nine similar bridges in the county. This particular one was over the Spoon River near Smithfield, Illinois, on Township Road 248 in Bernadotte Township. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 29, 1980, along with the eight other bridges, as one of the "Metal Highway Bridges of Fulton County". The bridge was one of four near Smithfield listed on the Register, the others are the Buckeye Bridge, the Bernadotte Bridge and the Tartar's Ferry Bridge. Others, such as the Babylon Bend Bridge in Ellisville, are located throughout the county.

The Elrod Bridge was removed from the Register in 1995 after its destruction by an F-4 tornado.

Fulton County, Illinois
Fulton County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 33,609. Its county seat is Lewistown, and the largest city is Canton. Fulton County comprises the Canton, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Peoria-Canton, IL Combined Statistical Area.
Oregon Trail (1945 film)
Oregon Trail is a 1945 American Western film directed by Thomas Carr and written by Betty Burbridge. The film stars Sunset Carson, Peggy Stewart, Frank Jaquet, John Merton, Mary Carr and Si Jenks. The film was released on July 14, 1945, by Republic Pictures.

Thomas Carr (director)
Thomas Howard Carr (July 4, 1907 – April 23, 1997) was an American actor and film director of Hollywood films and television programs. Often billed as "Tommy Carr", he later adopted his more formal "Thomas Carr" birth name as his billing name.
Shaytan-Tau Nature Reserve
Shaytan-Tau Nature Reserve (Russian: Шайтан-Тау заповедник) (from the Turkic "Devils Mountain") is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve) located along the Shaytantau ridge of the Southern Urals.   The ridge contains limestone reefs which are of Cambrian age, almost 500 million years old.  The main purpose of the reserve is to conserve representative Dubravnaya steppe and low-lying bog habitats of relict and endemic species of plants and animals.  The area is the youngest (and smallest) federal reserve in the Urals, being set aside for protection on October 9, 2014.  It is separated into four sectors, situated in both the Kuvandyksky District of Orenburg Oblast, and in Bashkortostan.  It is about 220 km from the regional city of Orenburg.

Kuvandyksky District
Kuvandyksky District (Russian: Куванды́кский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 6,000 square kilometers (2,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kuvandyk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 19,545 (2010 Census);  24,431 (2002 Census); 27,710 (1989 Soviet census).
Vladimir Sushkov
Vladimir Sushkov (Russian: Владимир Сушков; born December 1, 1978) is a Russian Renju player. He won the Renju World Championships in 2009 and 2017, and the Renju Team World Championship in 2000, 2004 and 2006. Up to 2009, Vladimir Sushkov has won the Russian Renju Championship for 3 times.

Renju
Renju (Japanese: 連珠) is a professional variant of the abstract strategy board game gomoku. It was named renju by Japanese journalist Ruikou Kuroiwa (黒岩涙香) on December 6, 1899, in a Japanese newspaper Yorozu chouhou (萬朝報). The name "renju" means "connected pearls" in Japanese. The game is played with black and white stones on a 15×15 gridded go board.

The rule of renju weakens the advantages for the first player (Black) in gomoku by adding special restrictions for Black.
Interning (computer science)
In computer science,  interning is re-using objects of equal value on-demand instead of creating new objects. This creational pattern is frequently used for numbers and strings in different programming languages. In many object-oriented languages such as Python, even primitive types such as integer numbers are objects. To avoid the overhead of constructing a large number of integer objects, these objects get reused through interning.

For interning to work, the interned objects must be immutable, since state is shared between multiple variables. String interning is a common application of interning, where many strings with identical values are needed in the same program.

Creational pattern
A creational pattern is a software design pattern for creating objects in a manner suitable to a particular situation. As object creation that is otherwise available (i.e. via the programming language) can sometimes result in  design limitations, a custom mechanism for creation can provide for better design. A creational pattern aims to separate a system from how its objects are created, composed, and represented. They increase the system's flexibility in terms of the what, who, how, and when of object creation.

A creational pattern encapsulates two main aspects. One is encapsulating knowledge about which concrete classes the system uses. Another is hiding how instances of these concrete classes are created and combined.

Creational design patterns are categorized into object-creational patterns and class-creational patterns. Object-creational patterns defer part of its object creation to another object, while class-creational patterns defer its object creation to subclasses.
Christine Guthrie
Christine Guthrie (1945–2022) was an American yeast geneticist and American Cancer Society Research Professor of Genetics at University of California San Francisco. She showed that yeast have small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) involved in splicing pre-messenger RNA into messenger RNA in eukaryotic cells.  Guthrie cloned and sequenced the genes for yeast snRNA and established the role of base pairing between the snRNAs and their target sequences at each step in the removal of an intron. She also identified proteins that formed part of the spliceosome complex with the snRNAs. Elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1993,  Guthrie edited Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology, an influential methods series for many years.

Sequencing
In genetics and biochemistry, sequencing means to determine the primary structure (sometimes incorrectly called the primary sequence) of an unbranched biopolymer.  Sequencing results in a symbolic linear depiction known as a sequence which succinctly summarizes much of the atomic-level structure of the sequenced molecule.
Joseph Jacobberger Country House
The Joseph Jacobberger Country House is a historic house in the Hillsdale district of Multnomah County, Oregon, United States, just outside the Portland municipal boundary. Leading Portland architect and civic activist Joseph Jacobberger (1869–1930) designed this Arts and Crafts style house for his family in 1916, and lived in it from 1917 until his death. He resided here through the height of his career, a period during which he designed over 250 commissions that shaped the face of Portland, including homes, schools, colleges, churches, a cathedral, commercial buildings, and others.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Multnomah County, Oregon
Multnomah County /mʌltˈnoʊmə/ ⓘ is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 815,428. Multnomah County is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The state's smallest and most populous county, its county seat, Portland, is the state's most populous city.
David Vaughan Thomas
David Vaughan Thomas or David Vaughan-Thomas (15 March 1873 – 15 September 1934), born David Thomas, and known also by his bardic name Pencerdd Vaughan, was a composer, organist, pianist and music administrator.  His compositions are deeply influenced by the musical and literary traditions of his native Wales.  Though his music is now little performed he has been described as "the leading native Welsh musician of [his] time" and as "one of the most important composers in the transitional period of Welsh music from the Victorian era to our own times".  The broadcaster Wynford Vaughan-Thomas was his son.

Thomas Gray
Thomas Gray (26 December 1716 – 30 July 1771) was an English poet, letter-writer, and classical scholar at Cambridge University, being a fellow first of Peterhouse then of Pembroke College. He is widely known for his Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, published in 1751. Gray was a self-critical writer who published only 13 poems in his lifetime, despite being very popular. He was even offered the position of Poet Laureate in 1757 after the death of Colley Cibber, though he declined.
Radical 49
Radical 49 or radical oneself (己部) meaning "oneself" is one of the 31 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals total) composed of three strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 20 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

己 is also the 52nd indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China. Two associated indexing components, 已 and 巳 are affiliated to the principal indexing component 己.

In Chinese astrology, 巳 represents the sixth Earthly Branch and corresponds to the Snake in the Chinese zodiac. In the ancient Chinese cyclic character numeral system tiāngān, 己 represents the sixth Celestial stem.

Earthly Branches
The Earthly Branches (also called the Terrestrial Branches or the 12-cycle) are a system of twelve ordered symbols used throughout East Asia. They are indigenous to China, and are themselves Chinese characters, corresponding to words with no concrete meaning other than the associated branch's ordinal position in the list.

Cultural applications of the Branches include a dating system known as the sexagenary cycle, and their use in Chinese astrology. They are associated with the ten Heavenly Stems in Chinese calendars, and in Taoist practice.
Coolum Classic
The Coolum Classic was a golf tournament held in Australia between 1990 and 1999. The tournament was held at the Hyatt Regency Coolum Resort in Yaroomba, Queensland. Schweppes became the title sponsor from 1994.

Prize money was A$150,000 in 1990 rising to A$200,000 from 1992 to 1996. Prize money was $300,000 in 1999. In its inaugural year, the Coolum Classic also doubled as the Queensland Open.

Schweppes
Schweppes (/ʃwɛps/ SHWEPS, German: [ʃvɛps]) is a soft drink brand founded in Geneva in 1783 by the German watchmaker and amateur scientist Johann Jacob Schweppe; it is now made, bottled, and distributed worldwide by multiple international conglomerates, depending on licensing and region, that manufacture and sell soft drinks. Schweppes was one of the earliest forms of a soft drink, originally being regular soda water created in 1783. Various types of lemonades, tonic waters and ginger ales also carry the Schweppes name.

The company has held the British royal warrant since 1836 and was the official sponsor of Prince Albert's Great Exhibition in Hyde Park, London in 1851.
Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856
The Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856 was a treaty between Morocco and the United Kingdom signed in Tangier on 9 December 1856. It was signed after lengthy negotiations between John Hay Drummond Hay and Muhammad al-Khatib, representatives of Queen Victoria and Sultan Abd al-Rahman, respectively. This treaty prolonged Morocco's independence but gave major concessions to British interests, and set a precedent.

This treaty was composed of two texts: the first was a general treaty of 38 articles dealing with the status of consuls, and their privileges and their freedom of movement, as well as the settling of British subjects in the country.

The second text was a treaty of commerce with 8 articles. The most important was Article 6, which set the customs tariffs at 10%. The treaty abolished the Makhzen monopoly and definitively opened trade in Morocco.

Abd al-Rahman of Morocco
Moulay Abd al-Rahman bin Hisham (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن هشام; 28 December 1789 – 28 August 1859) was Sultan of Morocco from 30 November 1822 to 28 August 1859, as a ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was a son of Moulay Hisham. He was proclaimed sultan in Fes after the death of Moulay Sulayman.

During his long reign he proved himself competent in an age where Africa was being colonized by stronger European nations, such as neighbouring Ottoman Algeria which was invaded by France. He was able to preserve Moroccan independence and maintain Moroccan borders without ceding any land, while also supporting Emir Abd al-Qadir's resistance in Algeria against France. He also signed the necessary treaties to enforce his beliefs, and fought numerous conflicts with European nations, especially France.
The Highest Bidder
The Highest Bidder is a lost 1921 American drama film directed by Wallace Worsley and written by Lloyd Lonergan. It is based on the 1920 novel The Trap by Maximilian Foster. The film stars Madge Kennedy, Lionel Atwill, Vernon Steele, Ellen Cassidy, Zelda Sears and Joseph Brennan. The film was released on January 15, 1921, by Goldwyn Pictures.

Lloyd Lonergan
Lloyd Lonergan (March 3, 1870, Chicago, Illinois - April 6, 1937, New York City) was one of the most prolific scenario and screenwriters in  American silent film.

A brother-in-law of Edwin Thanhouser he worked for the Thanhouser Company based in New Rochelle, New York, writing screenplays for over 100 films.

His career was at its peak in the earlier short film era particularly in 1912 when Lonergan wrote the scripts for an astonishing 50 films. His sister Elizabeth Lonergan and brother Philip Lonergan were also a notable screenwriters, and his mother Ellen Mahoney Lonergan was a newspaper society editor.
State Highway 60 (New Zealand)
State Highway 60 is a state highway servicing the far northwest of the South Island of New Zealand. Running between the settlements of Richmond (south of Nelson) and Collingwood, it is 116 kilometres (72 mi) long and lies entirely within the Tasman District. It is the northernmost highway in the South Island and is a popular tourist route, servicing Motueka, Abel Tasman National Park, Golden Bay, and Farewell Spit.

Richmond, Tasman
Richmond (Māori: Waimea) is a town and the seat of the Tasman District Council in New Zealand. It lies 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Nelson in the South Island, close to the southern extremity of Tasman Bay. The town, first settled by Europeans in 1842, was named in 1854 after the town of Richmond on Thames near London. The town has an estimated population of 19,950 as of June 2025.

Although most of Richmond lies outside the boundaries of Nelson City and the town is considered a separate urban area, Richmond is part of the wider Nelson metropolitan area along with nearby Brightwater, Hope, Māpua and Wakefield. The two unitary authorities (Nelson and Tasman) co-operate for tourism-marketing purposes via "Latitude Nelson". As of 2020 Richmond forms part of the Nelson parliamentary electorate.
Upendra Baxi
Upendra Baxi (born 9 November 1938) is a legal scholar, since 1996 professor of law in development at the University of Warwick, United Kingdom. He is presently a research professor of law and Distinguished Scholar in Public Law and Jurisprudence at the Jindal Global Law School, OP Jindal Global University. He has been the vice-chancellor of University of Delhi (1990–1994), prior to which he held the position of professor of law at the same university for 23 years (1973–1996). He has also served as the vice-chancellor of the University of South Gujarat, Surat, India (1982–1985).

In 2011, he was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award in India, by the Government of India.

Veer Narmad South Gujarat University
Veer Narmad South Gujarat University is a public university located in the city of Surat, Gujarat, India. Previously known as South Gujarat University, it was renamed as Veer Narmad South Gujarat University (VNSGU) in 2004 in honour of the famous scholar and Gujarati poet Narmad. Established  in 1965, the university offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses, including non-traditional postgraduate departments such as public administration, rural studies, comparative literature, and aquatic biology.
Baojun 530
The Baojun 530 (Chinese: 宝骏530) is a two- or three-row compact crossover SUV produced by SAIC-GM-Wuling (SGMW) through the Baojun brand. Unveiled at the Auto Guangzhou 2017, Baojun 530 took design cues from the smaller 510 and is a successor of the 560, while the 560 remained briefly on sale as a more affordable alternative. The crossover is an example of an extensive badge engineering, as it is marketed under four different brands in several different markets.

The Baojun 530 started sale in China in February 2018. It started production in Indonesia in January 2019 as the Wuling Almaz, making Indonesia the first market outside China to receive the 530 model. In November 2018, the 530 was also introduced as the second-generation Chevrolet Captiva in Colombia. The Chevrolet-badged 530 went on sale in several South American markets since April 2019, being fully imported from China. It was launched in India as MG Hector in June 2019 as the first model released by MG Motor India.

Continuously variable transmission
A continuously variable transmission (CVT) is an automatic transmission that can change through a continuous range of gear ratios, typically resulting in better fuel economy in gasoline applications. This contrasts with other transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps. The flexibility of a CVT with suitable control may allow the engine to operate at a constant angular velocity while the vehicle moves at varying speeds.
Thus, CVT has a simpler structure, longer internal component lifespan in theory, and potentially greater durability. Compared to traditional or standard  automatic transmissions, it offers lower fuel consumption and greater environmental friendliness.

CVTs are used in cars, tractors, side-by-sides, motor scooters, snowmobiles, bicycles, and heavy equipment. The most common type of CVT uses two pulleys connected by a belt or chain; however, several other designs have also been used at times.
Laurens ten Heuvel
Laurens ten Heuvel (born 6 June 1976) is a Dutch football manager and former professional footballer who is head coach of the over-18 team at SC Buitenveldert.

He played as a striker notably in the Premier League with Barnsley and in the Austrian Bundesliga with First Vienna. He also had a short spell in the Eredivise with FC Den Bosch, however he would spend most of his time in Dutch football in the second and third tiers with DCG, Stormvogels Telstar, De Graafschap, HFC Haarlem, RBC Roosendaal, Katwijk and Ajax Amateurs. He also played in the English Football League for Northampton Town, Sheffield United, Bradford City and Grimsby Town.

As a coach he had spells as manager of AFC Ajax (amateurs), AJSV Zandvoort, Koninklijke HFC and Voetbalvereniging Amstelveen.

VV Katwijk
Voetbal Vereniging Katwijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɑtʋɛik] ⓘ) is a Dutch association football club based in the town of Katwijk. Founded in 1939, the team competes in the Tweede Divisie, the third tier of the Dutch football league system. Katwijk plays its home games at Sportpark De Krom, which has a capacity of 6,000.

Katwijk is one of the most successful amateur football clubs in the Netherlands in recent decades, winning seven championships of the top amateur division of the Netherlands between 1993 and 2023.
Gilbert Wynne
Gilbert Wynne (born 7 September 1934) is a British television actor.

Graduating from RADA in 1961, he started his career appearing at Nottingham Repertory and then appeared at the Old Vic (both London and Bristol), Regent's Park Open Air Theatre and with the Ravinia Shakespeare Company in Chicago.

Wynne appeared in a number of television programmes, including Softly Softly and The Life and Times of David Lloyd George.

He had the title role in Clegg and played a Detective Inspector in Night After Night After Night. In addition, Wynne also played the main dance judge in the music video to Geri Halliwell's rendition of It's Raining Men.

Regent's Park Open Air Theatre
Regent's Park Open Air Theatre is an open-air theatre in Regent's Park in central London, established in 1932. Originally known for its Shakespearean productions, the theatre now features a wide variety of performances, including musicals, operas and plays simplified for children
IV (Hiroyuki Sawano album)
IV is the fourth studio album by Hiroyuki Sawano's vocal project SawanoHiroyuki[nZk]. It was released on March 3, 2021, through the Sony Music label Sacra Music. Five singles were released from the album: "Tranquility", "Trollz", "Chaos Drifters", "CRY" and "time".

The album charted at #9 in the daily ranks for the first week. It charted for 6 weeks in the Oricon charts.

Reona
Reona (Japanese: レオナ [ɾe.o̞.na̠]; stylized as ReoNa, born October 20, 1998) is a Japanese singer who is signed to Sacra Music. Having been active as a cosplayer and independent musician, she made her major debut in 2018 as the singing voice of the character Elza Kanzaki in the anime series Sword Art Online Alternative: Gun Gale Online. Her first single under her own name was released in August 2018.
Jonathan Carl Zenker
Jonathan Carl (or Karl) Zenker (1 March 1799 –  6 November 1837) was a German naturalist born in Sundremda, located in the Saalfeld-Rudolstadt district. The standard author abbreviation Zenker is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Originally a student of theology at the University of Jena, he subsequently devoted his energies to science and medicine. From 1823 he lived in Dresden, later returning to Jena, where on the basis of his dissertation "Batrachomyologia", he became a privat-docent of natural history. In 1828 he became an associate professor of botany and natural history, followed by a full professorship in 1836 (one year prior to his death at the age of 38).

A genus of grasses called Zenkeria is named in his honour. Also, he named the genus of fossil broad-leaf trees Credneria in honor of Karl August Credner.

Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
Saalfeld-Rudolstadt is a Kreis (district) in the south of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the districts Weimarer Land, Saale-Holzland, Saale-Orla, the district Kronach in Bavaria, and the districts Sonneberg, Hildburghausen and Ilm-Kreis.