hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chord diagram (music)
In music, a chord diagram (also called a fretboard diagram or fingering diagram) is a diagram indicating the fingering of a chord on fretted string instruments, showing a schematic view of the fretboard with markings for the frets that should be pressed when playing the chord. Instruments that commonly use this notation include the guitar, banjo, lute, and mandolin.

Fret
A fret is any of the thin strips of material, usually metal wire, inserted laterally at specific positions along the neck or fretboard of a stringed instrument. Frets usually extend across the full width of the neck. On some historical instruments and non-European instruments, frets are made of pieces of string tied around the neck.

Frets divide the neck into fixed segments at intervals related to a musical framework. On instruments such as guitars, each fret represents one semitone in the standard western system, in which one octave is divided into twelve semitones.

Fret is often used as a verb, meaning simply "to press down the string behind a fret". Fretting often refers to the frets and/or their system of placement.
Stephanie Krisper
Stephanie Krisper (born 24 May 1980 in Vienna) is an Austrian lawyer and politician of the NEOS party who was a member of the Austrian National Council between 2017 and 2025. Before joining the National Council (Nationalrat) Krisper had worked at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Human Rights. From November 2017 to October 2025, she was a Member of the Austrian National Council.

Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Menschenrechte
The Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Human Rights (BIM; German: Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Menschenrechte) is a Vienna-based research institute affiliated with the Austrian Ludwig Boltzmann Gesellschaft, that specializes in the area of human rights.
Battle of Silkaatsnek
The Battle of Silkaatsnek (Afrikaans: Slag van Silkaatsnek, English: Battle of Zilikat's (Silikat's, Uitval's or Nitral's) Nek, or First Battle of Silkaatsnek) was a military engagement in the Anglo-Boer War on July 11, 1900, at the Silkaatsnek mountain pass, between Pretoria and Rustenburg. Boer guerrillas under assistant-commander general Koos de la Rey surprised British troops, using a new guerrilla tactic instead of fighting a set-piece battle.
On the same day of July 11, 1900, the British also suffered two similar reversals, at Battle of Dwarsvlei in Krugersdorp district and at Onderstepoort, but a few days later, on 16 July 1900, they withstood a Boer attack in the Battle of Witpoort east of Pretoria.

Krugersdorp
Krugersdorp (Afrikaans for 'Kruger's Town') is a mining city in the West Rand, Gauteng Province, South Africa founded in 1887 by Marthinus Pretorius and Abner Cohen. Following the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand, a need arose for a major town in the west of the reef. The government bought part of the Paardekraal farm and named the new town after the Transvaal president, Paul Kruger. Krugersdorp no longer has a separate municipal government after it was integrated into Mogale City Local Municipality along with surrounding towns. It is now the seat of government for Mogale City.
Rudolf Mell
Rudolf Emil Mell (1878 in Gera, Thuringia – 1970 in Berlin)  was a German zoologist and entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera especially Sphingidae and the fauna of China. He was the director of the German-Chinese Middle School at Canton (Guangzhou) for some time. His collection of Sphingidae is held by the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh. It was purchased by Benjamin Preston Clark.

Carnegie Museum of Natural History
The Carnegie Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as CMNH) is a natural history museum in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Pittsburgh-based industrialist Andrew Carnegie in 1896. 
Housing some 22 million specimens, the museum features one of the most extensive paleontological and entomological collections in the world.
August Maramaa
August Maramaa (before 1922 August Marfeldt; 6 April 1881 Aakre Parish, Tartu County – 26 December 1941 Vyatski Prison Camp, Kirov, Russia) was an Estonian politician, teacher and mayor of Viljandi from 1919 to 1921 and 1927-1939.

He graduated in 1902. He worked as a teacher and school leader in Viljandi Country and Viljandi. He published mathematics textbooks.

He was a member of I Riigikogu. On 15 September, he resigned his position and he was replaced by Aleksander Tulp. Maramaa was Mayor of Viljandi from 1919 until 1921, and again from 1927 until 1939.

On January 8, 1941, he was arrested by the NKVD and deported to the Vyatski Prison Camp in Kirov, Russia, where he died on December 26 the same year.

1st Riigikogu
The 1st Riigikogu was the first legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1920 elections (held on 27–29 November 1920). It sat between 20 December 1920 and 30 May 1923, before the next round of elections were held.
Ipimorpha viridipallida
Ipimorpha viridipallida is a species of cutworm or dart moth in the family Noctuidae first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1916. It is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for Ipimorpha viridipallida is 9553.

Cutworm
Cutworms are moth larvae that hide under litter or soil during the day, coming out in the dark to feed on plants. A larva typically attacks the first part of the plant it encounters, namely the stem, often of a seedling, and consequently cuts it down, hence the name cutworm. Cutworms are not worms, biologically speaking, but caterpillars.
Hepatoblastoma
Hepatoblastoma is a malignant liver cancer occurring in infants and children and composed of tissue resembling fetal liver cells, mature liver cells, or bile duct cells. They usually present with an abdominal mass.  The disease is most commonly diagnosed during a child's first three years of life. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are commonly elevated, but when AFP is not elevated at diagnosis the prognosis is poor.

Alpha-fetoprotein
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, α-fetoprotein; also sometimes called alpha-1-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoglobulin, or alpha fetal protein) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AFP gene. The AFP gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 4 (4q13.3). Maternal AFP serum level is used to screen for Down syndrome, neural tube defects, and other chromosomal abnormalities.

AFP is a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the fetal liver during fetal development. It is thought to be the fetal analog of serum albumin. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and is found in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms.
Johanna Bugge Berge
Johanna Bugge Berge (1874–1961) was a Norwegian painter, illustrator and church decorator. In 1894, she was one of ten artists who participated in the Vågåsommeren artists' colony in Vaage Municipality in Kristians amt, Norway (now Vågå Municipality in Innlandet county). After marrying Rikard Berge in 1908, she illustrated several of his books with subjects from Norwegian folklore. In 1927, she performed extensive decoration work in Lunde Church (in Nome Municipality, Telemark).

Lunde Church (Telemark)
Lunde Church (Norwegian: Lunde kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nome Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bjervamoen. It is one of the churches in the Lunde og Flåbygd parish which is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1872 using plans drawn up by the architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 450 people.
High Life Below Stairs
High Life Below Stairs is a 1759 comedy play by the British writer James Townley. An afterpiece, it premiered at Drury Lane on a double bill with a revival of Dryden's The Mourning Bride. A popular hit, it was frequently revived.

The original Drury Lane cast John Palmer as Duke's servant, Thomas King as Sir Harry's servant, William O'Brien as Lovel, Richard Yates as Philip, John Hayman Packer as Freeman, Thomas Mozeen as Tom, John Moody as Kingston Mary Bradshaw as Cook, Frances Abington as Lady Bab's maid and Kitty Clive as Kitty.

Afterpiece
An afterpiece is a short, usually humorous one-act playlet or musical work following the main attraction, the full-length play, and concluding the theatrical evening. This short comedy, farce, opera or pantomime was a popular theatrical form in the 18th and 19th centuries. It was presented to lighten the five-act tragedy that was commonly performed.

A similar piece preceding the main attraction is a curtain raiser.

An example is The Padlock by Charles Dibdin, first performed in London in 1768.
Extrastriate body area
The extrastriate body area (EBA) is a subpart of the extrastriate visual cortex involved in the visual perception of human body and body parts, akin in its respective domain to the fusiform face area, involved in the perception of human faces. The EBA was identified in 2001 by the team of Nancy Kanwisher using fMRI.

Human body
The human body is the entire structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organs and then organ systems.

The external human body consists of a head, hair, neck, torso (which includes the thorax and abdomen), genitals, arms, hands, legs, and feet. The internal human body includes organs, teeth, bones, muscle, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels and blood, lymphatic vessels and lymph.

The study of the human body includes anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis, with safe levels of substances such as sugar, iron, and oxygen in the blood.

The body is studied by health professionals, physiologists, anatomists, and artists to assist them in their work.
Dick Young (American football player)
Richard A. Young (August 25, 1930 – March 31, 2012) was an American professional football fullback and halfback who played college football for Chattanooga and professional football in the National Football League (NFL) for the Baltimore Colts (1955–1956) and Pittsburgh Steelers (1957). He appeared in 34 NFL games, three of them as a starter. He also played for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL) in 1960.

Chattanooga Mocs football
The Chattanooga Mocs football program is the intercollegiate college football team for the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Southern Conference. The school's first football team was fielded in 1904. The team plays its home games at the 20,668 seat Finley Stadium. They are coached by UTC alumni, Rusty Wright. He was an assistant coach under Russ Huesman.

Hall of Fame wide receiver Terrell Owens played for the Mocs from 1992 to 1995.
Loretan Insurrection of 1896
Loretan Insurrection of 1896 was a rebellion of the population of the Department of Loreto against the government of Peru, fought from 2 May 1896 to 10 July 1896. During the insurrection, the population demanded federalization of Peru, and the reformation of Loreto into the autonomous state, which lead to self-proclamation of Federal State of Loreto (Spanish: Estado Federal de Loreto), de facto autonomous region within Peru. On 10 July 1896, the rebellion was defeated by the government forces and the Federal State was disestablished.

Rebellion
Rebellion is an uprising that resists and is organized against one's government. A rebel is a person who engages in a rebellion. A rebel group is a consciously coordinated group that seeks to gain political control over an entire state or a portion of a state. A rebellion is often caused by political, religious, or social grievances that originate from a perceived inequality or marginalization. Rebellion comes from Latin re and bellum, and in Lockian philosophy refers to the responsibility of the people to overthrow unjust government.
Holmivskyi
Holmivskyi (Ukrainian: Гольмівський; Russian: Го́льмовский, romanized: Golmovsky) is a rural settlement in eastern Ukraine, located in Horlivka municipality of Horlivka Raion in Donetsk Oblast, at 50.9 km (31.6 mi) NNE from the centre of Donetsk. The Population has been estimated as 6,750 (2022 estimate).

Rural settlement
The definition of a rural settlement depends on the country, in some countries, a rural settlement is any settlement in the areas defined as rural by a governmental office, e.g., by the national census bureau. This may include even rural towns. In some others, rural settlements traditionally do not include towns.

Common types of rural settlements are villages, hamlets, and farms. They may be dispersed.

Traditionally, rural settlements were associated with agriculture. In modern times other types of rural communities have been developed.

The settlement where the occupation of majority of people relate to the local natural resources are called rural settlement for example, (1) settlement of fisheries along a sea coast, (2) settlement of tribal people in a forest area and (3) settlement of farmers along the banks of rivers.

Rural settlements show the reciprocal relationship of human occupance features and environment.
Hensel Phelps Construction
Hensel Phelps Construction Co., located in Greeley, Colorado, is one of the largest general contractors and construction managers in the United States, ranked consistently among Engineering News-Record's top 20 Contractors by revenue. The company was founded in 1937.

General contractor
A contractor (North American English) or builder (British English), is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site, management of vendors and trades, and the communication of information to all involved parties throughout the course of a building project.

In the United States, a contractor may be a sole proprietor managing a project and performing labor or carpentry work, have a small staff, or may be a very large company managing billion dollar projects. Some builders build new homes, some are remodelers, some are developers.
Manus (anatomy)
The manus (Latin for 'hand'; pl. manus) is the zoological term for the distal portion of the forelimb of an animal. In tetrapods, the manus is the part of the pentadactyl limb that includes the metacarpals and digits (phalanges). During evolution, the manus has taken many forms and served a variety of functions.

The manus can be represented by the hand of primates, the lower front limb of hoofed animals, or the forepaw. It is represented in the wing of birds, bats, and prehistoric flying reptiles (pterosaurs), the flipper of marine mammals, and the 'paddle' of extinct marine reptiles, such as plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs.

In cephalopods, the manus is the end, broader part of a tentacle, and its suckers are often larger and arranged differently from those on the other arms.

Wing
A wing is a structure which produces both lift and drag while moving through air. Wings are defined by two shape characteristics, an airfoil section and a planform. Wing efficiency is expressed as lift-to-drag ratio, which compares the benefit of lift with the air resistance of a given wing shape, as it flies. Aerodynamics includes the study of wing performance in air.

Equivalent foils that move through water are found on hydrofoil power vessels and foiling sailboats that lift out of the water at speed and on submarines that use diving planes to point the boat upwards or downwards, while running submerged. The study of foil performance in water is a subfield of Hydrodynamics.
Mountain View School
Mountain View School can refer to:

Mountain View High School (Mesa, Arizona)

Mountain View High School (Pima County, Arizona)

Mountain View High School (Mountain View, California)

Mountain View High School (Bend, Oregon)

Mountain View High School (Utah), in Orem

Mountain View High School (Virginia), in Stafford County

Mountain View High School (Washington), in Vancouver

Mountain View High School (Wyoming), in Mountain View, Wyoming

Mountain View High School (Idaho), in Meridian

Mountain View School (Russellville, Arkansas), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Pope County, Arkansas

Mountain View State School, Gatesville, Texas

Mountain View High School (Pima County, Arizona)
Mountain View High School in unincorporated Pima County, Arizona is one of the two high schools in the Marana Unified School District. It opened in 1986, ten years after Mesa's high school with the same name. (The two Mountain Views are Arizona's only two district high schools that share a name.)
Acacia bracteolata
Acacia bracteolata is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with narrowly elliptic or lance-shaped phyllodes with the narrower end towards the base, spherical or slightly oblong heads of lemon yellow flowers, and curved, firmly papery pods.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Requiem (Michael Haydn)
Michael Haydn wrote the Missa pro defuncto Archiepiscopo Sigismondo, or more generally Missa pro Defunctis, Klafsky I:8, MH 155, following the death of the Count Archbishop Sigismund von Schrattenbach in Salzburg in December 1771. Haydn completed the Requiem before the year was over, signing it "S[oli] D[eo] H[onor] et G[loria.] Salisburgi 31 Dicembre 1771." At the beginning of that year, his daughter Aloisia Josefa died. Historians believe "his own personal bereavement" motivated the composition. Contemporary materials which have survived to the present day include the autograph score found in Berlin, a set of copied parts with many corrections in Haydn's hand in Salzburg and another set at the Esterházy castle in Eisenstadt, and a score prepared by the Salzburg copyist Nikolaus Lang found in Munich.

Copyist
A copyist is a person who makes duplications of the same thing. The modern use of the term is mainly confined to music copyists, who are employed by the music industry to produce neat copies from a composer or arranger's manuscript. However, the term is sometimes used for artists who make copies of other artists' paintings.
Gillian Wagner
Dame Gillian Mary Millicent Wagner (née Graham; 25 October 1927 – 31 December 2025) was a British writer, philanthropist and social administrator, who was the first woman chair of the children’s charity Barnardo's, the Thomas Coram Foundation and the Carnegie Trust. She published biographical and historical works, as well as reports on social care.

Thomas Coram Foundation for Children
The Thomas Coram Foundation for Children is a large children's charity in London operating under the name Coram. It was founded by eighteenth-century philanthropist Captain Thomas Coram who campaigned to establish a charity that would care for the high numbers of abandoned babies in London, setting up the Foundling Hospital in 1739 at Lamb's Conduit Fields in Bloomsbury. By the 1950s social change had led to the closure of the hospital and the charity adopted the broader name Thomas Coram Foundation for Children in 1954.

The charity acts as an adoption agency in addition to a wide range of educational and advisory services for children. It retains part of its original site in London but moved its heritage collections into the care of The Foundling Museum in 1998.
Sengalipuram Anantarama Dikshitar
Sengalipuram Anantarama Dikshitar (Tamil: சேங்காலிபுரம் அனந்தராம தீட்சிதர்; 2 August 1903 – 30 October 1969) was a Śrauti scholar and also was an exponent of the art of upanyasas (discourses) on various subjects in Hinduism. Born in the Thanjavur district as the second son to Subramanya Dikshithar, Anantarama was initiated into the learning of the Vedas under his father Subramanya Dikshithar, the brother of Sengalipuram Vaidhyanatha Dikshithar, also called Periya Muthannaval. Paruthiyur Krishna Sastrigal was the first guru for Anantarama Dikshithar. He first had his akshara abhasya from Krishna Sastri at Muthannavals's gurukulam.

Dikshithar was the first speaker to initiate the pravachana at Veda Dharma Sastra Paripalana Sabha at Kumbakonam, an organisation that aims to revive and propagate Vedic knowledge and Dharma Sastra, started by Jagadguru Shankaracharya of Kanchi Kamakoti Peetam Chandrasekarendra Saraswati Swamigal..

Discourse
Discourse is a generalization of the notion of a conversation to any form of communication. Discourse is a major topic in social theory, with work spanning fields such as sociology, anthropology, continental philosophy, and discourse analysis. Following work by Michel Foucault, these fields view discourse as a system of thought, knowledge, or communication that constructs our world experience. Since control of discourse amounts to control of how the world is perceived, social theory often studies discourse as a window into power. Within theoretical linguistics, discourse is understood more narrowly as linguistic information exchange and was one of the major motivations for the framework of dynamic semantics. In these expressions, denotations are equated with their ability to update a discourse context.
Baixada Fluminense
The Baixada Fluminense (standard Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌbajˈʃadɐ flumiˈnẽjsi]; local pronounce: [ˌbɐ(j)ˈʃadɐ flumɪˈnẽ(j)si]) (literally "Fluminense Lowland") is a region in the state of Rio de Janeiro, in southeastern Brazil. It is located on Guanabara Bay, between Rio de Janeiro to the south and the Serra dos Órgãos range of hills to the north.

Its municipalities are part of the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region. The Baixada Fluminense region's population is about three million, making it the second most populous region in the state, following only the city of Rio de Janeiro.

This region should not be confused with the Baixadas Litorâneas, located farther to the east in the same state.

Southeast Region, Brazil
The Southeast Region of Brazil (Portuguese: Região Sudeste do Brasil, pronounced [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w suˈdɛstʃi du bɾaˈziw]) is composed of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. It is the richest region of the country, responsible for approximately 53% of the Brazilian GDP (2022), as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais are the three richest states of Brazil, the top three Brazilian states in terms of GDP. The Southeast of Brazil also has the highest GDP per capita among all Brazilian regions.

The Southeast region accounts for about 44% of Brazil's total population, leading the country in population, urban population, population density, vehicles, industries, universities, airports, ports, highways, hospitals, schools, houses and many other areas.