hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
5-inch/40-caliber gun
The 5″/40 caliber gun (spoken "five-inch-forty-caliber") were used in the secondary batteries of the United States Navy's early battleships, armored cruisers, protected cruisers, unprotected cruisers, and auxiliary cruisers.

Protected cruiser
Protected cruisers, a type of cruiser of the late 19th century, took their name from the armored deck, which protected vital machine-spaces from fragments released by explosive shells. Protected cruisers notably lacked a belt of armour along the sides, in contrast to armored cruisers which carried both deck and belt armour.

Outside of a handful of very large designs in the major navies (which preceded the revival of armored cruisers), the majority of protected cruisers were of 'second-' or 'third-class' types, lighter in displacement and mounting fewer and/or lighter guns than armored cruisers.

By the early 20th-century, with the advent of increasingly lighter yet stronger armour, even smaller vessels could afford some level of both belt and deck armour. In the place of protected cruisers, these new 'light armored cruisers' would evolve into light cruisers and heavy cruisers, the former especially taking on many of the roles originally envisioned for protected cruisers.
Brian Murphy (1990s Gaelic footballer)
Bryan Murphy is a former Gaelic football goalkeeper at senior level for the Kerry and Dublin county teams. He won an All-Ireland Minor Football Championship with Kerry in 1994. County Dublin and joined Naomh Barróg in Kilbarrack. He received a Leinster Senior Football Championship medal for Dublin in 2002 as a member of the panel, but was yet to make his debut in the championship. He made his National League debut against Offaly in 2002, and his championship debut in 2003 against Armagh.

Armagh county football team
The Armagh county football team (/ɑːrˈmɑː/ ar-MAH) represents the Armagh GAA, a county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in Gaelic football. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Ulster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Armagh's home ground is the Athletic Grounds, Armagh. The team's manager is Kieran McGeeney. Their longest-standing and fiercest rivalry is with Tyrone, another Ulster-based team and one of Armagh's geographic neighbors.

The team last won the Ulster Senior Championship in 2008, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2024 and the National League in 2005.
Fehmarn Belt
Fehmarn Belt (German pronunciationⓘ) (Danish: Femern Bælt, former spelling Femer Bælt; Low German: Femernbelt) is a strait connecting the Bay of Kiel and the Bay of Mecklenburg in the western part of the Baltic Sea between the German island of Fehmarn and the Danish island of Lolland. Ferries operated by Scandlines connect Puttgarden and Rødby on the two islands.

The strait features an 18-kilometre-wide (11 mi) wide area with depths of 20–30 metres (66–98 ft). Currents in the strait are weak and mostly dependent on wind.

Rødby
Rødby is a town located on the island of Lolland in south Denmark. It has a population of 1,982 (1 January 2025). Until 2007, it was the seat of the former Rødby Municipality (Danish: kommune), and is now located in Lolland Municipality in Region Sjælland.
1956–57 NCAA football bowl games
The 1956–57 NCAA football bowl games were a series of post-season games played in December 1956 and January 1957 to end the 1956 college football season. A total of seven team-competitive games, and four all-star games, were played. The post-season began with the Gator Bowl on December 29, 1956, and concluded on January 5, 1957, with the season-ending Senior Bowl all-star game.

Senior Bowl
The Senior Bowl is a post-season college football all-star game played annually in late January or early February in Mobile, Alabama, which showcases the best NFL draft prospects of those players who have completed their college eligibility. Produced by the non-profit Mobile Arts & Sports Association, the game is also a charitable fund-raiser, benefiting various local and regional organizations with over US$7.8 million in donations over its history. The game is sponsored by Panini America and is televised by the NFL Network.
Lukiantsi
Lukiantsi (Ukrainian: Лук'янці; Russian: Лукьянцы) is a village in Kharkiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, eastern Ukraine. It is situated 31 kilometres (19 mi) northeast of Kharkiv city. It belongs to Lyptsi rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Illinois Route 134
Illinois Route 134 (IL 134) is a 5.62-mile-long (9.04 km) east–west state route in northeastern Illinois. It runs from U.S. Route 12 (US 12) and IL 59 in Fox Lake to IL 120 (Belvidere Road) in Hainesville.

Hainesville, Illinois
Hainesville is a village in Avon Township, Lake County, Illinois,  United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 3,546. Hainesville has the distinction of being the oldest incorporated community within Lake County.
Katherine Brown (cricketer)
Katherine Mary Brown (born 24 January 1953) is an English former cricketer who played as a right-arm off break bowling all-rounder. She appeared in one Test match and two One Day Internationals for England between 1976 and 1979, as well as playing 3 matches for Young England at the 1973 World Cup. She played domestic cricket for Kent.

Young England women's cricket team
The Young England women's cricket team was a team that played in the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup. They were an Under 25 side, playing in addition to the senior England team. They finished last in the seven-team tournament, their only win coming against International XI.
Lake Harrison
Lake Harrison or Lake Bosworth is the name given to a lake that in parts of the Last Glacial Period may have covered much of the Midlands in England around Warwick, Birmingham and Leicester. It is suggested that it was formed when ice sheets over Wales and Northern England blocked drainage north-eastwards, trapping a lake between this and the Cotswolds. Finally the lake made two overflow courses, until drainage by the Cole and Soar could resume due to glacial retreat:

South-east. Across the Fenny Compton Gap into the Cherwell which drains into the Thames. This has become a wind gap.

South-west. This course became lasting for the south-west zone of where the lake was, as the River Avon, Warwickshire which flows into the Severn. See also stream capture.

The extent of this proposed lake has been disputed, and it is now thought that several smaller proglacial lakes may explain the glacial deposits in the area.

River Soar
The River Soar (/sɔːr/) is a major tributary of the River Trent in the East Midlands as well as the principal river of Leicestershire, England. The source of the river is midway between Hinckley and Lutterworth. The river then flows north through Leicester, where it is joined by the Grand Union Canal. Continuing on through the Leicestershire Soar Valley, it passes Loughborough and Kegworth until it reaches the Trent at the county boundary. In the 18th century, the Soar was made navigable, initially between Loughborough and the Trent, and then through to Leicester. It was not until the early 19th century that it was linked by the Grand Union Canal to the wider network to the south and to London.
Curran Singh Ferns
Curran Lawrance Singh Ferns (born 6 July 1993) is an Australian former professional soccer player who last played for Malaysia Super League club Kuala Lumpur City. Ferns was a central midfielder but also could play as a centre-back.

Ferns was a highly composed technical player with advanced passing skills, but was also known for his competitive and defensive attributes on the field.

Fox Sports Asia
Fox Sports Asia (formerly ESPN Star Sports) was a pan-Asian pay television network operated by Fox Networks Group Asia Pacific, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company (Southeast Asia) Pte. Ltd. It also oversaw a version of Star Sports available in mainland China and South Korea.

The network was originally launched in 1991 as Star Sports (previously Prime Sports) and ESPN by Satellite Television Asian Region (Star TV) and ESPN International. The two companies combined their Asian operations in October 1996. News Corporation assumed full control of the venture in 2012 and relaunched the channels in two phases, in January 2013 and August 2014.
Albert Ernest Thomas
Albert Ernest Thomas (10 March 1872 – 25 May 1923) was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1901 to 1905, representing the seat of Dundas.

Thomas was born in Camborne, Cornwall, England, to Charlotte Augusta (née Dunstan) and Joseph Thomas. He attended the Camborne School of Mines, and afterward worked as a mining engineer in Cornwall, Wales, and South Africa. Thomas came to Western Australia in 1896, and subsequently managed mines in Norseman and Coolgardie. He entered parliament at the 1901 state election, winning the seat of Dundas, and was re-elected at the 1904 election. At the early 1905 election, however, he was defeated by a Labor candidate, Charles Hudson. Thomas recontested Dundas at the 1908 election, but again lost to Hudson. He returned to Cornwall in 1910, and died there in 1923, aged 51.

1905 Western Australian state election
Elections were held in the Australian state of Western Australia in late 1905 to elect 50 members to the state's Legislative Assembly. The main polling day was 27 October, although four remote electorates (Dundas, Gascoyne, Kimberley, and Pilbara) went to the polls on 13 November.

Hector Rason, the sitting premier and a member of the Ministerialist faction, had taken office on 25 August 1905 at the head of a minority government, following the fall of the previous minority government led by Henry Daglish of the Labour Party. Daglish resigned as party leader on 27 September, and was replaced by William Johnson on 4 October. At the election, Rason and the Ministerialists recorded a landslide victory, with their gain of 15 seats allowing them to form a comfortable majority government. Eight Labour members lost their seats, including their leader Johnson, who was defeated in Kalgoorlie by Norbert Keenan.
Kirkalocka Gold Mine
The Kirkalocka Gold Mine is an active gold mine located 70 km south of Mount Magnet, Western Australia. The mine had been placed in care and maintenance in 2008 but reopened for a brief period between 2018 and 2021. The mine's owner, Adaman Resources, was placed into administration in May 2021.

It was named after the nearby Kirkalocka sheep station.

Station (Australian agriculture)
In Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand, a station is a large landholding used for producing livestock, predominantly cattle or sheep, that needs an extensive range of grazing land. The owner of a station is called a pastoralist or a grazier, corresponding to the North American term "rancher".

Originally station referred to the homestead – the owner's house and associated outbuildings of a pastoral property, but it now generally refers to the whole holding. Stations in Australia are on Crown land pastoral leases, and may also be known more specifically as sheep stations or cattle stations, as most are stock-specific, dependent upon the region and rainfall.

If they are very large, they may also have a subsidiary homestead, known as an outstation.
Murder of Rachel McLean
Rachel Margaret McLean (1971–1991) was a British student at St. Hilda's College in Oxford, England, when she was murdered by her boyfriend, John Tanner, a day after she had refused his marriage proposal. In the aftermath, Tanner concocted ruses in an attempt to  allay suspicion, and elaborated a series of lies in an attempt to confuse the crime investigation and outwit the police.

McLean, who was born in the English town of Blackpool and raised in nearby Carleton, was a second-year student studying English Language at St. Hilda's when Tanner, a 22-year-old British-born New Zealand national, strangled her on 14 April 1991 and hid her body under the floorboards of her house.

Carleton, Lancashire
Carleton is a village on the coastal plain of the Fylde in the Borough of Wyre in Lancashire, England. It consists of Great Carleton, Little Carleton, Norcross and Whiteholme and is situated close to Poulton-le-Fylde. Other nearby settlements include Thornton, Bispham and Blackpool. Historically, Carleton was in the parish of Poulton-le-Fylde. It borders the Borough of Blackpool immediately to the west.
Anže Tavčar
Anže Tavčar (born 2 December 1994) is a Slovenian competitive swimmer, who specializes in sprint freestyle events. At the 2016 Summer Olympics he competed in the men's 100 meter freestyle and men's 200 meter freestyle. His career's most notable performance remains 100 meters freestyle at the 2016 LEN European Aquatics Championships where he, with the time of 0:48.88, became the first Slovenian swimmer as well as the first Indiana Hoosier to break the 49 second barrier.

Tavčar enrolled at the University of Louisville School of Dentistry in 2018 and is scheduled to receive his degree in May 2022.

100 metre freestyle
The 100 metre freestyle is often considered to be the highlight (Blue Ribbon event) of the sport of swimming, like 100 metres in the sport of athletics, symbolizing the pinnacle of speed and athleticism in swimming competitions.

The first swimmer to break the one-minute barrier (long course) was Johnny Weissmuller, in 1922. The current world records holders are Pan Zhanle who broke the record in Paris 2024 Olympics  and Sarah Sjöström (since 2017).

Australian Dawn Fraser won the event a record three times at the Olympics, and she is the only woman to win it more than once. Four men, American Duke Kahanamoku, Weissmuller, Russian Alexander Popov, and Dutchman Pieter van den Hoogenband won the event at the Olympics twice. Popov was also world champion (held since 1973) three times.
Green Rose (Philippine TV series)
Green Rose is a 2011 Philippine television drama series broadcast by ABS-CBN. The series is based on the 2005 South Korean drama series of the same title. Directed by Dondon S. Santos, Manny Q. Palo and Darnel Joy R. Villaflor, it stars Jericho Rosales, Anne Curtis, Jake Cuenca and Alessandra De Rossi. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from February 14 to May 27, 2011, replacing Precious Hearts Romances Presents: Kristine and was replaced by The Biggest Loser: Pinoy Edition.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
Ibnu Saleh
Ibnu Saleh (Prabumulih, 8 October 1961 – Pangkal Pinang, 4 October 2020) was an Indonesian politician, member of the NasDem Party. Between 2016 and 2017, he was Deputy Regent of the Central Bangka Regency, and Regent from 2017 till his death in office during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.

Prabumulih
Prabumulih is a city in South Sumatra, Indonesia. It was originally part of Muara Enim Regency, from which it was separated to become an independent city on 21 June 2001. It has an area of 447.31 km² and had a population of 161,814 at the 2010 Census and 193,196 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 213,523 (comprising 107,532 males and 105.991 females). Geographically, this city is located at 3°25′58″S 104°14′8″E in the heart of the province, and it is surrounded on all sides by Muara Enim Regency, apart from a short stretch bordering Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir Regency.
Macrospace
Macrospace Ltd. was a British developer of mobile content headquartered in London, which mainly focused on Java ME-content. In June 2005, Macrospace merged with Sorrent Inc., to form Glu Mobile. Macrospace provided mobile games and mobile gaming products for network operators, service providers, handset manufacturers, media companies and intellectual property owners.

Java Platform, Micro Edition
Java Platform, Micro Edition or Java ME is a computing platform for development and deployment of portable code for embedded and mobile devices (micro-controllers, sensors, gateways, mobile phones, personal digital assistants, TV set-top boxes, printers). Java ME was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition or J2ME.

The platform uses the object-oriented Java programming language, and is part of the Java software-platform family. It was designed by Sun Microsystems (now Oracle Corporation) and replaced a similar technology, PersonalJava.

In 2013, with more than three billion Java ME–enabled mobile phones in the market, the platform was in continued decline as smartphones have overtaken feature phones.
Oparinskaya narrow-gauge railway
59°50′38″N 48°18′01″E﻿ / ﻿59.84388°N 48.30036°E﻿ / 59.84388; 48.30036
The Oparinskaya narrow-gauge railway is a narrow-gauge railway in Kirov Oblast, Russia, built as an industrial railway (forest railway) for logging operations. The forest railway was opened in 1952, has a total length of 76 kilometres (47 mi) and is operational as of 2016, the track gauge is 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) and operates year-round.

Track gauge
In rail transport, track gauge is the distance between the two rails of a railway track. All vehicles on a rail network must have wheelsets that are compatible with the track gauge. Since many different track gauges exist worldwide, gauge differences often present a barrier to wider operation on railway networks.

The term derives from the metal bar, or gauge, that is used to ensure the distance between the rails is correct.

Railways also deploy two other gauges to ensure compliance with a required standard. A loading gauge is a two-dimensional profile that encompasses a cross-section of the track, a rail vehicle and a maximum-sized load: all rail vehicles and their loads must be contained in the corresponding envelope. A structure gauge specifies the outline into which structures (bridges, platforms, lineside equipment etc.) must not encroach.
MRV
MRV can refer to:

Mammalian orthoreovirus

Merovingian Music, a record label

Mini-rotary viscometer

Multiple reentry vehicle

MRV Communications, an American company

MRV Engenharia, a Brazilian homebuilder company

The IATA code for Mineralnye Vody Airport

Magnetic resonance venography, a variation of magnetic resonance angiography

Magnetic resonance velocimetry, an experimental method to obtain velocity fields in fluid mechanics

Medium reconnaissance vehicle, an Australian M113 armored personnel carrier variant

"Measurable, reportable, verifiable" – a term qualifying carbon emissions reductions in contexts such as deforestation (REDD)

Roll Flight MR V, a German powered parachute design

Merovingian Music
Merovingian Music also abbreviated as MRV or MRV Music, was a non-genre specific record label in Red Bank, New Jersey. The label was founded by Jack Ponti who is also CEO of the company. Shortly after, independent label owners Gregory Edgerton and Kyle Kraszewski were appointed co-presidents.

MRV entered a partnership with Jive/Battery to release the MC and Drummer duo Big Heed and Alien.  In early 2010 Capitol Records, C.E. Music (David Letterman's Worldwide Pants Inc.) and MRV joined forces to release the pop-rock band Runner Runner, which includes former members of Rufio, Over It, and Don't Look Down. Merovingian signed Belgian rock band Black Box Revelation and released music by Sebastian Bach and Anthony Hamilton via a distribution deal with EMI.
Proposed 2019 amendment to the Constitution of Malaysia
On 4 April 2019, a bill proposing an amendment to the Constitution of Malaysia was tabled in the Dewan Rakyat of the Parliament of Malaysia. The bill proposes to amend Article 1(2) so as to restore the status of the two East Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak according to the original content of Malaysia Agreement that was signed in 1963.

Despite six hours of debate in the Parliament during the second reading of the bill on 9 April, only 138 MPs supported the bill, 10 votes short of the two-thirds majority of the chamber, 148 votes, required for amendments to the Constitution. The remaining 59 (non-absent) votes were abstentions, all of which are from opposition parties.

Bill (law)
A bill is a proposal for a new law, or a proposal to substantially alter an existing law.

A bill does not become law until it has been passed by the legislature and, in most cases, approved by the head of state (sometimes the executive).

Bills are introduced in the legislature and are there discussed, debated on, and voted upon.  Once a bill has been enacted into law by the legislature, it is called an act of the legislature, or a statute.
1929 Australian Grand Prix
The 1929 Australian Grand Prix was a motor race held at the Phillip Island circuit in Victoria, Australia on 18 March 1929. The race, which was organised by the Victorian Light Car Club, had 27 entries and 22 starters. It is recognised by the Motorsport Australia as the second Australian Grand Prix.

The race was won by Arthur Terdich driving a Bugatti Type 37A.

Motorsport Australia
Motorsport Australia, formerly the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS), is the nationally recognised governing and sanctioning body for four-wheeled motorsport in Australia. It is affiliated with the Federation Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA).