hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Berkyaruq
Rukn al-Din Abu'l-Muzaffar Berkyaruq ibn Malikshah (Persian: ابو المظفر رکن الدین برکیارق بن ملکشاه, romanized: Rukn al-Dīn Abuʿl-Moẓaffar Berkyāruq ibn Malik-Šāh; 1079/80 – 1105), better known as Berkyaruq (برکیارق), was the fifth sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1094 to 1105.

The son and successor of Malik-Shah I (r. 1072–1092), he reigned during the opening stages of the decline and fragmentation of the empire, which marked the rise of Turkoman atabegates and principalities, which would eventually stretch from Kirman to Anatolia and Syria. His reign was marked by internal strife, mainly against other Seljuk princes. By his death in 1105, his authority had largely vanished. His infant son Malik-Shah II briefly succeeded him, until he was killed by Berkyaruq's half-brother and rival Muhammad I Tapar (r. 1105–1118).

Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English-language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
Obed Lake Provincial Park
Obed Lake Provincial Park  is a provincial park in Alberta, Canada, located 49 kilometres (30 mi) west of Edson and 37 kilometres (23 mi) east of Hinton, on the north side of the Yellowhead Highway.

The park surrounds the Obed Lakes. It is situated in a wetland system in the central foothills, between the McLeod River and Athabasca River, at an elevation of 1,065 m (3,494 ft) and has a surface area of 34 km2 (13 sq mi). Sundance Provincial Park is located 27 kilometres (17 mi) east of this park.

Athabasca River
The Athabasca River (French: Rivière Athabasca) in Alberta, Canada, originates at the Columbia Icefield in Jasper National Park and flows more than 1,231 km (765 mi) before emptying into Lake Athabasca. Much of the land along its banks is protected in national and provincial parks, and the river is designated a Canadian heritage river for its historical and cultural importance. The scenic Athabasca Falls is located about 30 km (19 mi) upstream from Jasper.
376th Troop Carrier Squadron
The 376th Troop Carrier Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 60th Troop Carrier Wing. It was inactivated at Dreux-Louvilliers Air Base, France on 25 September 1958.

North American B-25 Mitchell
The North American B-25 Mitchell is an American medium bomber that was introduced in 1941 and named in honor of Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell, a pioneer of U.S. military aviation. Used by many Allied air forces, the B-25 served in every theater of World War II, and after the war ended, many remained in service, operating across four decades. Produced in numerous variants, nearly 10,000 B-25s were built. It was the most-produced American medium bomber and the third-most-produced American bomber overall. These included several limited models such as the F-10 reconnaissance aircraft, the AT-24 crew trainer, and the United States Marine Corps' PBJ-1 patrol bomber.
Pigeon Spire
Pigeon Spire is a peak in the Purcell Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. It may be one of the most climbed of the spires in The Bugaboos owing to its relatively low prominence from the Vowell Glacier and the existence of an easy route (the West Ridge; II, 5.4). It is not uncommon to have a couple dozen people on this route on a busy weekend. There are longer, harder routes on the spire's North and East faces.

Columbia Mountains
The Columbia Mountains are a group of mountain ranges along the Upper Columbia River in British Columbia, Montana, Idaho and Washington. The mountain range covers 135,952 km² (52,491 sq mi). The range is bounded by the Rocky Mountain Trench on the east, and the Kootenai River on the south; their western boundary is the edge of the Interior Plateau. Seventy-five percent of the range is located in Canada and the remaining twenty-five percent in the United States; American geographic classifications place the Columbia Mountains as part of the Rocky Mountains complex, but this designation does not apply in Canada (despite a British Columbia government tourism campaign to rebrand their southern portion as the "Kootenay Rockies"). Mount Sir Sandford is the highest mountain in the range, reaching 3,519 metres (11,545 ft).
Sally R. Osberg
Sally R. Osberg an American business executive who formerly served as president and CEO of the Skoll Foundation, where she partnered with founder and chairman, Jeffrey Skoll. She was the founding executive director of the Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose.

Osberg joined the Skoll Foundation in February 2001. Since that time, the Foundation has invested in more than 100 ventures led by social entrepreneurs worldwide. Osberg also established the Skoll Centre for Social Entrepreneurship at the Saïd Business School of the University of Oxford; and created the annual Skoll Foundation.

Osberg received her B.A. in English from Scripps College and her M.A. in English and American Literature from the Claremont Graduate University. She now lives in Wayne, Pennsylvania.

Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose
Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose (CDM) is a cultural institution serving children, families, and schools in the Silicon Valley/San Francisco Bay Area. A member of the Association of Children's Museums and the Association of Science and Technology Centers, Children's Discovery Museum is located in downtown San Jose, California, on Woz Way. The street is named after Steve Wozniak, co-founder of Apple Computer, whose nickname is "Woz". Wozniak was the single largest private donor during the original capital campaign that funded the museum.
The Love Coats
The Love Coats were an acoustic rock/pop music group formed in Huntington, West Virginia in August 2004. The band took its name upon suggestion from Jesco White guitarist Jay Hill, who explained the name as "the feeling one feels when enveloped in the false sense of security love provides."

Jesco White
Jesco White, also known as the "Dancing Outlaw" (born July 30, 1956) is an American folk dancer and entertainer. He is best known as the subject of three American documentary films that detail his desire to follow in the footsteps of his famous father, D. Ray White, while dealing with depression, drug addiction, alcoholism,  and the poverty that affects some parts of rural Appalachia.
2013 Palmasola prison riot
On August 23, 2013, a prison riot broke out at Palmasola, a maximum-security prison in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The riot started when members of one cell block attacked a rival gang in another, using propane tanks as flame throwers. Thirty-one people were killed, including an 18-month-old child who was living at the prison. Thirty-seven others were seriously injured. The riot led to calls for reform in the Bolivian prison system, which is plagued by overcrowding and long delays in the trial system.

Prison riot
A prison riot is an act of concerted defiance or disorder by a group of prisoners against the prison administrators, prison officers, or other groups of prisoners.

Academic studies of prison riots emphasize a connection between prison conditions (such as prison overcrowding) and riots, or discuss the dynamics of the modern prison riot. In addition, a large proportion of academic studies concentrate on specific cases of prison riots. Other recent research analyzes and examines prison strikes and reports of contention with inmate workers.
U.S. state and territory temperature extremes
The following table lists the highest and lowest temperatures recorded in the 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and the 5 inhabited U.S. territories during the past two centuries, in both Fahrenheit and Celsius. If two dates have the same temperature record (e.g. record low of 40 °F or 4.4 °C in 1911 in Aibonito and 1966 in San Sebastian in Puerto Rico), only the most recent date is shown.

Aibonito, Puerto Rico
Aibonito (Spanish pronunciation: [ajβoˈnito]) is a small mountain town and municipality in Puerto Rico located in the Sierra de Cayey mountain range, north of Salinas; south of Barranquitas and Comerío; east of Coamo; and west of Cidra, and Cayey. Aibonito is spread over 8 barrios and Aibonito Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Aibonito is located at a relatively high elevation (its main square is the highest in the island at 732 metres (2,401 ft) above sea level), which makes its climate cooler than most of Puerto Rico's towns.
Zittlestown, Maryland
Zittlestown is an unincorporated community 2.2 miles (3.5 km) southeast of Boonsboro in Washington County, Maryland. It is situated on the western slope of South Mountain below Turner's Gap, along the historic National Pike, now designated U.S. Route 40 Alternate. Zittlestown is named after Michael Zittle, Sr. (1769-1850), who in 1811 purchased tracts of land there, and subdivided them.

In the American Civil War, the Battle of South Mountain on 14 September 1862 was fought around Zittlestown.

Turner's Gap
Turner's Gap is a wind gap in the South Mountain Range of the Blue Ridge Mountains, located in Frederick County and Washington County, Maryland.  The gap is traversed by U.S. Route 40 Alternate, the old National Pike.  The Appalachian Trail also crosses the gap along the ridgeline.
Poliszczuk (surname)
Poliszczuk  is a Polish-language rendering of the Ukrainian surname Polishchuk, literally meaning "poleshuk". Notable people with the surname include:

Wiktor Poliszczuk, Polish-Ukrainian-Canadian political scientist

Afanasij Poliszczuk, Ukrainian Soviet military officer who served in Poland

Afanasij Poliszczuk
Afanasij Poliszczuk (born 28 April 1903, date of death unknown) was a Ukrainian Soviet military officer, Brigadier General of the Polish Army and a veterinarian. He came from Ukraine. He ended four-year veterinary school and five-year studies at Institute of Veterinary. He was the officer of Red Army, took the part in Second World War, in August 1943 was sent to military service in Polish Army, since 1944 he was the chief of veterinary service in First Polish Army. After war he served in Ministry of National Defence. In the years 1945-1946 has extramurally studied at Warsaw University. On May 7th, 1946 he was promoted by the presidium of State National Council to the rank of Brigadier general of Polish People's Army. In 1948 he ended his service in Poland and returned to USSR.
Aftermath of the Bahraini uprising (July–December 2011)
The following is an incomplete timeline of events that followed the Bahraini uprising of 2011 from July to December 2011. This phase saw many popular protests, escalation in violence and the establishment of an independent government commission to look into the previous events.

Physicians for Human Rights
Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is a US-based not-for-profit human rights NGO that uses medicine and science to document and advocate against mass atrocities and severe human rights violations around the world. PHR headquarters are in New York City, with offices in Boston, Washington, D.C., as well as Nairobi. It was established in 1986 to use the unique skills and credibility of health professionals to advocate for persecuted health workers, prevent torture, document mass atrocities, and hold those who violate human rights accountable.
C24 Gallery
C24 Gallery is a contemporary art gallery located on West 24th Street in Chelsea, Manhattan, New York City. The gallery was founded in 2011 by Emre and Maide Kurttepeli, together with Mel Dogan, and is currently owned by the founding partners.

C24 Gallery presents solo and group exhibitions of both local and international artists. In addition to its exhibition program, which includes collaborations with cultural institutions such as the Consulate Generals of Germany and South Africa, the ING Discerning Eye Exhibition, Goethe-Institut, Soho House, the German Academic Exchange Service, Galerie Deschler Berlin, A:D: Curatorial, Artis, Elizabeth Foundation for the Arts, and Field Projects , C24 Gallery regularly hosts panel discussions, performances and other events, and participates in major art fairs globally. With its increasingly diverse program, the gallery is focusing on more underrepresented artists and voices from a wide variety of communities.

Contemporary art gallery
A contemporary art gallery is normally a commercial art gallery operated by an art dealer which specializes in displaying for sale contemporary art, usually new works of art by living artists. This approach has been called the "Castelli Method" after Leo Castelli, whose success was attributed to his active involvement in discovering and promoting emerging artists beginning in the late 1950s with Jasper Johns and Robert Rauschenberg.
2025 Radiohead tour
The 2025 Radiohead tour was a concert tour by the English rock band Radiohead. Announced on 3 September 2025, it was Radiohead's first tour in seven years, with 20 concerts across Madrid, Bologna, London, Berlin and Copenhagen. The tour began on 4 November at the Movistar Arena in Madrid, and ended on 16 December at the Royal Arena in Copenhagen.

Colin Greenwood
Colin Charles Greenwood (born 26 June 1969) is an English bassist and a member of the rock band Radiohead. Along with bass guitar, Greenwood plays upright bass and electronic instruments.

With his younger brother, the guitarist Jonny Greenwood, Colin attended Abingdon School in Abingdon, England, where they formed Radiohead. Radiohead have achieved acclaim and have sold more than 30 million albums. Greenwood was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Radiohead in 2019.

Greenwood has contributed to solo projects by the other members of Radiohead, and has collaborated with musicians including Tamino, Gaz Coombes, Nick Cave and Warren Ellis. In 2024, he published a book of his photographs of Radiohead.
The Mandrake Root
The Mandrake Root is a 2008 comedy drama film adapted and directed by Malachi Bogdanov as his first feature film. The film was produced by Simon M. Woods as the first film release of European Drama Network.

Based on the play La Mandragola (The Mandrake) written by Niccolò Machiavelli in 1518, the film was nominated for the Best Drama 2008 by the Royal Television Society Awards Midland.

Royal Television Society
The Royal Television Society (RTS) is a British-based educational charity for the discussion, and analysis of television in all its forms, past, present, and future. It is the oldest television society in the world. It currently has fourteen regional and national centres in the UK, as well as a branch in the Republic of Ireland.
Elisha Oscar Crosby
Elisha Oscar Crosby (July 18, 1818 - June 25, 1895) was an American lawyer, politician and diplomat. He served as a member of the California State Senate from 1849 to 1852. As a state senator, he served as chair of the Judiciary Committee, and in that capacity prepared the committee report resulting in the enactment of a reception statute by which the newly formed state of California adopted the common law as the basis for its legal system.  He served as the United States Minister Resident to Guatemala from 1861 to 1864. By the 1870s, he settled in Alameda, California, where he became a justice of peace.

Alameda, California
Alameda (/ˌæləˈmiːdə/ ⓘ AL-ə-MEE-də; Spanish: [alaˈmeða]; Spanish for "tree-lined path") is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the Bay Area. The city is built on an informal archipelago in San Francisco Bay, consisting of Alameda Island, Bay Farm Island and Coast Guard Island, along with other smaller islands. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 78,280.
B4008 road
B4008 (formerly part of the A434) is a B road in Gloucestershire, England that starts in Quedgeley and ends in Stroud. The road goes south from Quedgeley, passes near Hardwicke, intersects the M5 motorway at Junction 12, passes through Stonehouse, then turns east through the Ebley area before ending in Cainscross, Stroud. The road is 9.1 miles (14.6 km) in length.

The B4008 is a single carriageway with speed limits of 30 mph (48 km/h) through Quedgeley, Hardwicke, Stonehouse and Ebley. Between Hardwicke and Stroud the speed limit varies between 50 mph (80 km/h) and the Single Carriageway National Speed Limit (60 mph (97 km/h)).

Stonehouse, Gloucestershire
Stonehouse is a town in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire in southwestern England.

The town centre is 2.5 miles east of the M5 motorway, junction 13. Stonehouse railway station has a regular train service to London.

The town is situated approximately 9 miles south of Gloucester city centre and 4 miles west of central Stroud, though following recent development it is partially contiguous with the Ebley district of Stroud. It includes the sub-villages of Bridgend (to the south) and Ryeford (to the east).
Jacksonia rigida
Jacksonia rigida is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the west of Western Australia. It is an erect, leafless, prickly shrub with greyish-green branches, scattered, sharply-pointed branchlets, the leaves reduced to dark brown, egg-shaped scales, yellow-orange flowers with red marking arranged singly on branches, and woody, curved and flattened pods.

Papilionaceous flower
Papilionaceous flowers (from Latin: papilion, a butterfly) are flowers with the characteristic irregular and butterfly-like corolla found in many, though not all, plants of the species-rich Faboideae subfamily of legumes. Tournefort suggested that the term Flores papilionacei originated with Valerius Cordus, who applied it to the flowers of the bean.
Pulsion Technology
Pulsion Technology is software company located in Glasgow, Scotland. The company develops mobile software products in the facilities management, data collection, inspection and legionella compliance markets as well as undertaking custom software and web development.

Data collection
Data collection or data gathering is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established system, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes. Data collection is a research component in all study fields, including physical and social sciences, humanities, and business. While methods vary by discipline, the emphasis on ensuring accurate and honest collection remains the same. The goal for all data collection is to capture evidence that allows data analysis to lead to the formulation of credible answers to the questions that have been posed.

Regardless of the field of or preference for defining data (quantitative or qualitative), accurate data collection is essential to maintain research integrity. The selection of appropriate data collection instruments (existing, modified, or newly developed) and delineated instructions for their correct use reduce the likelihood of errors.
Martyn Lee (broadcaster)
Martyn Lee (born 22 July 1978) is a British national radio broadcaster, Sony award-winning radio producer, Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) Master Practitioner and Hypnotist.  He was a presenter on Absolute 80s from 2010 to 2019.

He has been Programme Director for radio stations on the south coast of England including 2CR FM, Original 106 and The Coast 106.  Lee also works with Bournemouth University with their media and radio courses.

Nation Radio South
Nation Radio South is an Independent Local Radio station broadcasting on 106 MHz & 106.6 MHz FM across the South Coast of England, and on DAB on the South Hampshire, Bournemouth, Sussex, Salisbury and Somerset multiplexes. The station operates as four separate sub-stations (Nation Radio Hampshire, Nation Radio Sussex, Nation Radio Dorset and Nation Radio Somerset) for news and advertising purposes but all four share common programming.

The station is owned and operated by Nation Broadcasting, and was previously run under a brand licence agreement with rival operator Bauer Radio, where the frequencies were used to broadcast Bauer's Greatest Hits Radio. In September 2022, the agreement ended and the station was rebranded to its current name.

As of December 2025, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 160,000 (119,000 in Hampshire, 21,000 in Sussex, 17,000 in Dorset and 3,000 in Somerset), according to RAJAR.
Kamikaze-class destroyer (1922)
The Kamikaze-class destroyers (神風型駆逐艦, Kamikazegata kuchikukan) were a class of nine destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy.  Some authors consider the Nokaze, Kamikaze and Mutsuki classes to be extensions of the Minekaze-class destroyers, and the Kamikaze class is sometimes referred to as the "Kiyokaze class" to distinguish it from the earlier World War I-era destroyer class of the same name. Obsolete by the beginning of the Pacific War, the Kamikazes were relegated to mostly secondary roles. Most ultimately were lost to U.S. submarines.

Eight-Eight Fleet
The Eight-Eight Fleet Program (八八艦隊, Hachihachi Kantai) was a Japanese naval strategy formulated for the development of the Imperial Japanese Navy in the first quarter of the 20th century, which stipulated that the navy should include eight first-class battleships and eight armoured cruisers or battlecruisers.
Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss
Paid tha Cost to Be da Boss (stylized as Paid tha Cost to Be da Bo$$) is the sixth studio album by American rapper Snoop Dogg. It was released on November 26, 2002, by his Doggy Style Records label and it was distributed by Priority Records. This is first album following his departure from No Limit Records. The album was supported by two singles, both featuring Pharrell: "From tha Chuuuch to da Palace" and "Beautiful", the latter also featuring Charlie Wilson.

The album debuted at number 12 on the US Billboard 200, selling 174,000 copies in its first week, and received platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). To date, it has sold over 1,500,000 copies worldwide.

Doggy Style Records
Doggy Style Records (formerly known as Dogghouse Records) is an American record label founded by the rapper Snoop Dogg in 1995. It is named after Snoop Dogg's debut studio album, Doggystyle (1993).

The record label started out as a subsidiary of Death Row Records.
Turnu oil field
The Turnu oil field is an oil field located in Pecica, Arad County. It was discovered in 1964 and developed by Petrom. It began production in 1965 and produces oil. The total proven reserves of the Turnu oil field are around 51 million barrels (7 million tonnes), and production is centered on 2,000 barrels per day (320 m3/d).

Arad County
Arad County (Romanian pronunciation: [aˈrad] ⓘ) is an administrative division (județ) of Romania roughly translated into county in the western part of the country on the border with Hungary, mostly in the region of Crișana and few villages in Banat. The administrative center of the county lies in the city of Arad. The Arad County is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
2022–23 Tulane Green Wave women's basketball team
The 2022–23 Tulane Green Wave women's basketball team represented Tulane University during the 2022–23 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Green Wave, led by 29th-year head coach Lisa Stockton, played their home games at Devlin Fieldhouse in New Orleans, Louisiana and were ninth-year members of the American Athletic Conference (AAC).

The Green Wave finished the season 18–14, 7–9 in AAC play, to finish in a tie for sixth place. As the #6 seed in the AAC tournament, they defeated #11 seed Cincinnati in the first round before falling to #3 seed and eventual tournament champions East Carolina in the quarterfinals. They received an at-large bid into the WNIT, where they lost to Auburn in the first round.

2022–23 Auburn Tigers women's basketball team
The 2022–23 Auburn Tigers women's basketball team represented Auburn University in the 2022–23 college basketball season. Led by second year head coach Johnnie Harris, the team played their games at Neville Arena and were members of the Southeastern Conference.