hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fort Nongqayi
Fort Nongqayi, near Eshowe, KwaZulu-Natal, was built to house the "barefoot" Zulu police force known as the Nongqayi.

The intent of the force was to reinforce the British authority after the Anglo-Zulu War and to impose the authority of the resident commissioner, Sir Melmoth Osborn. The fort was built in 1883 about 2 kilometres from the town center on a high point that offers observation in all directions. This colonial police unit was based here until it was disbanded in 1904. The unit was recalled in 1906 to help the authorities suppress the Bambatha Rebellion. Once the insurrection was suppressed, the unit was finally dissolved.

The building has three granulated towers and a spacious courtyard. Weapon slits for rifles were built into the walls to repel possible attackers.

A village museum was established in 1961 to tell the story of the history of the fort and the surroundings. It pays particular attention to the military, cultural and missionary history of the region.

Zulu people
Zulu people (/ˈzuːluː/; Zulu: amaZulu) are a native people of Southern Africa of the Nguni. The Zulu people are the largest ethnic group and nation in South Africa, living mainly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal.

They originated from Nguni communities who took part in the Bantu migrations over millennia. As the clans integrated, the rulership of Shaka brought success to the Zulu nation due to his improved military tactics and organization.

Zulus take pride in their ceremonies such as the Umhlanga, or Reed Dance, and their various forms of beadwork.

The art and skill of beadwork take part in the identification of Zulu people and act as a form of communication and dedication to the nation and specific traditions. Today, the Zulu people are predominantly Christian, but have created a syncretic religion that is combined with the Zulu's prior belief systems.
Charlie Chan at the Olympics
Charlie Chan at the Olympics is a 1937 American mystery film directed by H. Bruce Humberstone and starring Warner Oland, Katherine DeMille and Pauline Moore. It is possibly the most topical Charlie Chan film, as it features actual footage from the 1936 Berlin Olympics. There is also a scene where Charlie crosses the Atlantic in the Hindenburg. This is the 14th film starring Warner Oland as Chan and produced by Fox.

Morgan Wallace
Morgan Wallace (born Maier Weill, July 26, 1881 – December 12, 1953) was an American actor. He appeared in more than 120 films between 1914 and 1946, including W.C. Fields' It's a Gift (1934) where he persistently asks Fields for some "Kumquats". He supported Fields again in My Little Chickadee (1940).: 140
Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings
Thomas Hoo (died 1455), was an English landowner, courtier, soldier, administrator and diplomat who was created a Knight of the Garter in 1446 and Baron Hoo and Hastings in 1448 but left no son to inherit his title.

Having served in military command in Normandy, he assisted in the negotiations for peace with the King of France in 1442–1444, and was in personal attendance on Margaret of Anjou in France during the months preceding her marriage. A servant of the Lancastrian throne, by the death of his friend the Earl of Suffolk in 1450 he lost a distinguished patron.

Herstmonceux
Herstmonceux (/ˌhɜːrsmənˈzuː/ HURSS-mən-ZOO, /-ˈsuː/ -⁠SOO, or /hɔːrsˈmaʊnsiːz/ horss-MOWN-seez) is a village and civil parish in the Wealden district of East Sussex, England, which includes Herstmonceux Castle. In 2011 the parish had a population of 2613.

The Herstmonceux Medieval Festival is held annually in August.
1904 North East Lanarkshire by-election
The 1904 North East Lanarkshire by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 10 August 1904. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

UK parliamentary by-elections
In the United Kingdom, a parliamentary by-election occurs following a vacancy arising in the House of Commons. They are often seen as a test of the rival political parties' fortunes between general elections.
Peter Imhona Onekpe
Peter Imhona Onekpe (born 15 February 1949) was the Anglican Bishop of Ika in Bendel Province  of the Church of Nigeria.

Onekpe was the pioneer bishop when the Diocese of Ika was created in 2001. He retired in 2018, and Godfrey Ifeanyi Ekpenisi was elected as the second Bishop of Ika in September 2018.

Onekpe was born on 15 February 1949 in Etsako West, Edo State. He attended St. Peter's Anglican Secondary Modern School, Jattu-Uzairue, from 1961 to 1963, followed by the Catechist Training School at Akure, graduating in 1967. He graduated from Immanuel College of Theology, Ibadan in 1974, and was ordained in 1975.

Onekpe was the 4th Bishop of Benin, consecrated in 1995, and translated to Esan Diocese in September 2000.

Anglican Diocese of Esan
The Anglican Diocese of Esan is one of twelve within the Anglican Province of Bendel, itself one of fourteen ecclesiastical provinces within the Church of Nigeria. Its bishop from 2000 to 2020, Friday John Imaekhai, was also Archbishop of the Province from 2010 to 2020. The current bishop is Gabriel Elabor; he was consecrated a bishop on 21 September 2020 at the Cathedral Church of the Advent, Abuja.
Twin Pagodas (Suzhou)
The Twin Pagodas are the main remnant of the Dinghui Buddhist temple in Suzhou, China.

Twin pagodas are a rare feature of Chinese temples, which usually had a single pagoda. Both are built of brick and they are similar in size, having eight sides and seven stories. Except for the octagonal room on the second floor, all rooms are square, each one staggered 45 degrees from the lower storey. The pagodas are about 30 metres high. Their steeples are made of iron and are long relative to the whole pagoda, which is also rare among ancient Chinese pagodas. Their names are Reliquary (Śarīra) Pagoda and Beneficial Virtue Reliquary Pagoda (or "Clarity Dispensing Pagoda" and "Beneficence Pagoda"). The pagodas were once called "Sarira Stupa" and "Sarira Stupa of Merits and Benevolence".

Columns, plinths and decapitated statues belonging to the Tang-era temple can be seen near the pagodas.

Śarīra
Śarīra is a generic term referring to Buddhist relics, although in common usage it usually refers to pearl or crystal-like bead-shaped objects that are found among the cremated ashes of Buddhist spiritual masters. Relics of the Buddha after cremation are termed dhātu in the Mahaparinibbana Sutta. Śarīra are held to emanate or incite  adhiṣṭhāna(blessings) within the mindstream and experience of those connected to them. Sarira are also believed to ward off evil in the Himalayan Buddhist tradition.
Reference (computer science)
In computer programming, a reference is a value that enables a program to indirectly access a particular datum, such as a variable's value or a record, in the computer's memory or in some other storage device.  The reference is said to refer to the datum, and accessing the datum is called dereferencing the reference. A reference is distinct from the datum itself.

A reference is an abstract data type and may be implemented in many ways. Typically, a reference refers to data stored in memory on a given system, and its internal value is the memory address of the data, i.e. a reference is implemented as a pointer. For this reason a reference is often said to "point to" the data. Other implementations include an offset (difference) between the datum's address and some fixed "base" address, an index, or identifier used in a lookup operation into an array or table, an operating system handle, a physical address on a storage device, or a network address such as a URL.

URL
A uniform resource locator (URL), colloquially known as web address, is a reference to a resource on the World Wide Web. A URL specifies the location of a resource on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it. A URL is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), although many people use the two terms interchangeably. A URL is most commonly used to reference a web page (HTTP/HTTPS) but is also used for file transfer (FTP), email (mailto), database access (JDBC), and many other applications.

Most web browsers display the URL of a web page above the page in an address bar. As an example of a web page URL, https://www.example.com/index.html indicates protocol https, hostname www.example.com, and file name index.html.
Notorious (Duran Duran song)
"Notorious" is a song by the English pop rock band Duran Duran, released internationally by EMI on 20 October 1986 as the first single from their fourth studio album of the same name. It showcased a new direction for Duran Duran with a funk rock sound.

It was the first single released by Duran Duran as a trio as Roger Taylor and Andy Taylor had both left the band by the time it was released. "Notorious" was a commercial success worldwide, reaching number seven on the UK Singles Chart, number two on the US Billboard Hot 100, and number one in Greece and Italy.

EMI Records
EMI Records (formerly EMI Records Ltd.) is a British multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It was originally founded as a British flagship label by the music company EMI in 1972, and launched in January 1973 as the successor to its Columbia and Parlophone record labels. The label was later launched worldwide. It has a branch in India called EMI Records India, run by director Mohit Suri. In 2014, Universal Music Japan revived the label in Japan as the successor to EMI Records Japan. In June 2020, Universal revived the label as the successor to Virgin EMI, with Virgin Records now operating as an imprint of EMI Records. In February 2024, UMG Philippines relaunched EMI as a successor to the former EMI Philippines label after 22 years.
Christopher A. Bergen
Christopher Augustus Bergen (August 2, 1841 – February 18, 1905) was an American Republican Party politician who represented New Jersey's 1st congressional district in the United States House of Representatives for two terms from 1889 to 1893.

New Jersey's 1st congressional district
New Jersey's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The district, which includes Camden and South Jersey suburbs, has been represented by Democrat Donald Norcross since November 2014. It is among the most reliably Democratic districts in New Jersey, as it is mainly made up of Democratic-dominated Camden County.
Ferhat Tunç
Ferhat Tunç Yoslun (born 14 March 1964) is a singer of Türkish descent.

Ferhat Tunç was born in 1964 in the city of Tunceli in Turkey's eastern province of Tunceli. With twelve years he stood for the first time on stage as a singer. In the late 1970s with sixteen years, he followed his father to Germany. He returned to Turkey in 1985 and began to engage himself in favor of Kurdish rights.

Tunceli
Tunceli (Armenian: Մամիկի, romanized: Mamiki; Kurdish: Kalan; Zazaki: Mamekiye) is a municipality (belde) in Tunceli District and capital of Tunceli Province, Turkey. The city has a Kurdish majority. The population is predominantly Kurdish Alevi, a distinct ethno-religious community whose identity has been shaped by the region's history of autonomy and resistance to central state authority. It had a population of 35,161 in 2021.
Mustafa Jaffer Sabodo
Mustafa Jaffer Sabodo (14 May 1942 – 23 March 2024) was a Tanzanian economist, consultant in international debt-finance, and businessman. He had business interests in India, France, Kenya, Sudan, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe.

Tanzanian shilling
The shilling (Swahili: shilingi; abbreviation: TSh; code: TZS) is the currency of Tanzania. It is subdivided into 100 cents (senti in Swahili).
The Tanzanian shilling replaced the East African shilling on 14 June 1966 at par.
One Boy
ONE BOY, stylized in all capital letters, is a Taiwanese functional apparel brand founded by Yen Wei-ting (顏瑋廷). The company is known for its focus on outdoor-style jackets, particularly its signature "assault jacket" (衝鋒衣). The product is marketed as combining weather resistance with contemporary styling. The company has emphasized the integration of functional fabrics and proprietary material development in later stages of its growth. The company engaged well-known entertainers as brand ambassadors, including Taiwanese actress Puff Kuo, singer Aaron Yan and South Korean actress Park Min-young.

Puff Kuo
Puff Kuo (Chinese: 郭雪芙; pinyin: Guō Xuěfú; born 30 June 1988) is a Taiwanese actress, singer, model, and was the youngest member of Taiwanese girl group Dream Girls until their disbandment.

In 2008, Kuo was scouted by talent agents and in 2010, she joined girl group Dream Girls. In 2011, Dream Girls released their debut EP and in the same year, Kuo appeared in her debut television series Inborn Pair.
Cynocephaly
The characteristic of cynocephaly, or cynocephalus (/saɪnoʊˈsɛfəli/), having the head of a canid, typically that of a dog or jackal, is a widely attested mythical phenomenon existing in many different forms and contexts. The literal meaning of cynocephaly is "dog-headedness"; however, that this refers to a human body with a dog head is implied. Such cynocephalics are known in mythology and legend from many parts of the world, including ancient Egypt, Libya, Greece, India and China. Further mentions come from the medieval East and Europe. In modern popular culture cynocephalics are also encountered as characters in books, comics, and graphic novels. Cynocephaly is generally distinguished from lycanthropy (werewolfism) and dogs that can talk.

In addition, the Greeks and Romans called a species of apes cynocephalus (these apes are suspected to be baboons).

Leges Edwardi Confessoris
The title Leges Edwardi Confessoris, or  Laws of Edward the Confessor, refers to a collection of laws, purporting to represent English law in the time of Edward the Confessor (reigned 1042–1066), as recited to the Norman invader king William I in 1070, but which was not composed until probably the early years of the reign of King Stephen (r. 1135–1154).
K. M. Ramakrishnan
Rear Admiral Kunnisery Mallath Ramakrishnan, VSM is a serving Flag officer in the Indian Navy. He earlier served as the Flag Officer Commanding Karnataka Naval Area and as the Assistant Chief of Naval Staff (Communication, Space, Network Centric Operations) at Naval Headquarters.

Sukanya-class patrol vessel
The Sukanya-class patrol vessels are large, offshore patrol craft in active service with the Indian Navy. Three lead ships were built by Korea Tacoma, now part of Hanjin Group. Vessels of the Sukanya class are named after notable women from Indian epics.
Maksim Stojanac
Maksim Stojanac (born 29 December 1997) is a Belgian singer, presenter and actor. As a singer, Stojanac has achieved success in both Flanders and Netherlands. In addition to his musical career, he has acted in films and has appeared in various roles on several television shows.

Guus Meeuwis
Gustaaf Stephanus Modestus "Guus" Meeuwis (born 23 March 1972) is a Dutch singer-songwriter. As part of the band Vagant, he scored several hits in the Netherlands and Flanders during the 1990s and first decade of the 2000s. On 24 May 2015, Meeuwis became the first Dutch language performing artist ever to play a fully booked concert at London's Royal Albert Hall.
Charles Paul Narcisse Moreau
Colonel Charles Paul Narcisse Moreau (14 September 1837, in Paris – 6 July 1916) was a French soldier and mathematician. He served in the artillery and as an officier of the French Legion of Honor. He introduced  Moreau's necklace-counting function into mathematics, and achieved the worst result ever recorded in an international chess tournament.

Nouvelles Annales de Mathématiques
The Nouvelles Annales de Mathématiques (subtitled Journal des candidats aux écoles polytechnique et normale) was a French scientific journal in mathematics. It was established in 1842 by Olry Terquem and Camille-Christophe Gerono, and continued publication until 1927, with later editors including Charles-Ange Laisant and Raoul Bricard. Initially published by Carilian-Goeury, it was taken over after several years by a different publisher, Bachelier.

Although competing in subject matter with Joseph Liouville's Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées (with which Terquem had previously been associated), and initially published by a different publisher than Liouville's journal, the editors of the Nouvelles Annales cooperated with Liouville in directing papers between the two journals. As well as publishing new results in mathematics, the Nouvelles Annales included pedagogical material, and extracts from papers published in other journals.
Rosner
Rosner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Rosner (1945–2013), American composer

Eddie Rosner (1910–1976), Polish jazz musician

Fred Rosner (21st century), American physician

Heinz Rosner (born 1939), motorcycle road racer

Henry J. Rosner (1909–1982), American policy researcher

Mina Rosner (1913–1997), Canadian writer

Richard G. Rosner

Rick Rosner (born 1941), American television writer

Robert Rosner (21st century), American astrophysicist

Shmuel Rosner (21st century), Israeli journalist

Simon Rösner (21st century), German squash player

Mina Rosner
Mina Rosner (1913–1997) was a native of Buczacz, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (now Buchach, Ukraine), who survived The Holocaust by hiding with a Polish family.  After the war, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, with her husband, Michael Rosner. She recorded her war-time experiences in her book I am a Witness. In 1990, she returned to Buchach for the first time since the war, and the visit was captured in a CBC documentary called "Return to Buchach". The documentary won a gold medal at the New York Film and Television Festival in 1992.
Michelle Day
Michelle Day is an American attorney and politician from Oklahoma. Day served as the 31st Oklahoma Secretary of State, having been appointed by Governor Mary Fallin to serve in an interim position following the resignation of Glenn Coffee. Fallin then appointed Larry Parman.

Day earned a degree in accounting from Central State University and a Juris Doctor from the University of Oklahoma. Previously, she had served as deputy state auditor, an assistant district attorney general, general counsel for the Oklahoma Department of Central Services, and assistant chief counsel and associate counsel for the Oklahoma Department of Public Safety.

Day currently works as an attorney in Oklahoma City.

Oklahoma Department of Central Services
The Oklahoma Department of Central Services (DCS) was an agency of the government of Oklahoma which was dissolved in 2011. DCS was responsible for providing services to help manage and support the basic functioning of all state agencies. DCS provides government-wide purchasing, supplying, operation, and maintenance of state property, buildings, and equipment, and for the sale of surplus items. DCS also manages the state motor vehicle fleet and provides government-wide risk management, printing and distribution, and strategic financial and administrative support.

The Department was created in 1992 during the term of Governor David Walters and then consolidated into the Office of State Finance in 2011 under Governor Mary Fallin.
Dubauli
Dubaulī is the name of several places in India. It is derived from the name of Dūbe subgroup of Brahmins, along with the common suffix -aulī (which has multiple possible etymologies, including Sanskrit palli, meaning "small village or hamlet"). Dubaulī is actually an irregular form of the name – the expected form would be Dubelī, which exists but is far less common. The form Dubaulī is influenced by analogy with the many other place names ending in -aulī.: 75

Places named Dubaulī include:

Dubauli, Bihiya, a village in Bhojpur district, Bihar

Dubauli, Garhani, a village in Bhojpur district, Bihar

Dighwa Dubauli, a village in Gopalganj district, Bihar

Dighwa Dubauli
Dighwa Dubauli refers to a locality village in Gopalganj district of Bihar in India. There is a railway station with the same name and also a market. The market is the biggest one in the neighboring areas and draws people from remote villages, like Reotith, Sirsa, shanker pur, Sirsa Manpur, Dighwa, Bankati, Pipra, Bijulpur to name a few.
Ishak Çelebi Mosque
The Ishak Çelebi Mosque (Macedonian: Исак џамија, romanized: Isak džamija, Albanian: Xhamia e Isak Çelebiut, Turkish: İshakiye Camii) is the largest mosque in Bitola, North Macedonia. It is situated along the north bank of the Dragor River. This area was known as Bit-Pazar in the quarter of Emir Bey or Eyne Bey, also known as Ishak Çelebi mahalle.

Romanization of Macedonian
The romanization of Macedonian is the transliteration of text in Macedonian from the Macedonian Cyrillic alphabet into the Latin alphabet. Romanization can be used for various purposes, such as rendering of proper names in foreign contexts, or for informal writing of Macedonian in environments where Cyrillic is not easily available. Official use of romanization by North Macedonia's authorities is found, for instance, on road signage and in passports. Several different codified standards of transliteration currently exist and there is widespread variability in practice.

Although used for transliteration, Macedonian Latin script is neither widespread nor used in any formal or semi-formal communication in Macedonia. The language law of Macedonia emphasizes Cyrillic as the only alphabet of Macedonian language.
Certified Fraud Examiner
The Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE) is a credential awarded by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) since 1989. Founded in 1988 by Joseph T. Wells, the ACFE association is a provider of anti-fraud training and education.

Professional association
A professional association (also called  a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) is a group that usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the public interest. In the United States, such an association is typically a nonprofit business league for tax purposes. In the UK, they may take a variety of legal forms.
Louis Henry Hantelman
Louis Henry "Lou" Hantelman (May 20, 1884 – January 6, 1966) was a Saskatchewan farmer and politician.

Born and raised in Dubuque, Iowa, Hantelman came to Rouleau, Saskatchewan in 1905 to farm. During World War I he joined the 46th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force and served in France where he rose to the rank of lieutenant.

He resumed farming near Plato after the war. He became active in agrarian politics and was elected to the Saskatchewan legislature in the 1934 general election as a member of the Farmer-Labour Group which subsequently became the Saskatchewan CCF. He served for two terms before retiring in 1944. He subsequently served on the Board of Governors of the University of Saskatchewan and as chair of the university's hospital board.

Elrose (electoral district)
Elrose was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in southwestern Saskatchewan, this constituency was centred on the town of Elrose. The riding was created before the 3rd Saskatchewan general election in 1912 as "Eagle Creek"; it was renamed "Elrose" in 1917.

The district was dissolved and combined with the Rosetown riding (as Rosetown-Elrose) before the 18th Saskatchewan general election in 1975. It is now part of a revived Rosetown-Elrose constituency.