hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johann Rynmann of Augsburg
Johann Rynmann of Augsburg, also referred to as John Rynmann of Augsburg, (died 1522) is considered to be the first non-printing publisher. He started his profession as a bookseller in the German city of Oehringen and later moved to Augsburg in Bavaria. Unlike many of the publishers of his time, Rynmann would hire others to conduct the technical production of printed material, choosing instead to concentrate on the distribution and sale of work contracted to him.  Reynmann published nearly 200 books but never printed one of them.

Öhringen
Öhringen (German pronunciation: [ˈøːʁɪŋən] ⓘ; East Franconian: Ähringe) is the largest town in Hohenlohe (district) in the state of Baden-Württemberg, in southwest Germany, near Heilbronn. Öhringen is on the railline to Schwäbisch Hall and Crailsheim.

With a population of 24,374 (2019), the town is diverse. It is a quaint medieval place, and, among its ancient buildings, boasts a fine Evangelical church (German: Stiftskirche) containing carvings in cedar-wood from the 15th century and numerous interesting tombs and monuments; a Renaissance town hall; the building, now used as a library, which formerly belonged to a monastery, erected in 1034; and a palace, the former residence of the princes of Hohenlohe-Öhringen.

Öhringen was known as Vicus Aurelii to the Romans. Eastwards of it runs the old limes Roman frontier wall, and numerous remains and inscriptions dating from the days of the Roman settlement have been discovered, including traces of three camps.
A. Natarajan
A. Natarajan was an Indian politician and Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Perur constituency in the 1977, 1984, 1989 and 1996 elections.

Natarajan, who was also a trade union leader, was not nominated by the DMK to contest the 2001 elections. This decision caused some resentment among party members.

He died on 13 June 2017.

1989 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The ninth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on 21 January 1989. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) won the election and its leader M. Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister. It was his third term in office. The DMK was in power only for a short term, as it was dismissed on 31 January 1991 by the Indian Prime minister Chandra Shekhar using Article 356 of the Indian Constitution.
Zarar Ahmad Osmani
Zarar Ahmad Moqbel Osmani  (Dari: ضرار احمد عثمانی, Pashto: ضرار احمد عثمانی, born 1964) is a politician in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan who was Minister of Foreign Affairs (2013 to 2015) and Minister of Interior (2005 to 2008). Previously, he was Minister of Counter Narcotics and Governor of Parwan Province. Prior to this, he was Chief of Police of Parwan province and First Secretary to Afghan Embassy in Tehran. He also joined the mujahideen during the Soviet–Afghan War, fighting against the Afghan government led by Mohammad Najibullah.

Politics of Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a theocratic emirate with a totalitarian regime ruled by the Taliban, a political and militant Islamist movement adhering to the Deobandi jihadist ideology with Pashtunwali influences, which holds a monopoly on power. Dissent is not permitted, and politics are mostly limited to internal Taliban policy debates and power struggles. There is no constitution or other basis for the rule of law. The structure is autocratic, with all power concentrated in the hands of the supreme leader and his clerical advisors. According to the V-Dem Democracy indices Afghanistan was as of 2023 the 4th least electoral democratic country in the world.

Afghanistan has been unstable for decades, with frequent coups, civil wars, and violent transfers of power. Most recently, the Taliban seized power in 2021 from the Western-backed Islamic Republic, and re-formed the government to implement a far stricter interpretation of Sharia law according to the Hanafi school.
Schneider Electric
Schneider Electric SE is a French multinational corporation that specializes in energy technology, covering electrification, automation, and digitalization for industry and homes.

Registered as a Societas Europaea, Schneider Electric is a Fortune Global 500 company, publicly traded on the Euronext Exchange, and is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. In fiscal year 2024, the company posted revenues of €38.15 billion.

Schneider Electric is the parent company of Square D, APC, AVEVA, and others. It is also a research company.

Schneider Electric was recognized as the most sustainable company in Corporate Knights's The Global 100 index in 2025.

Stock market index
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance.

Two of the primary criteria of an index are that it is investable and transparent: The methods of its construction are specified. Investors may be able to invest in a stock market index by buying an index fund, which is structured as either a mutual fund or an exchange-traded fund, and "tracks" an index. The difference between an index fund's performance and the index, if any, is called tracking error.
Kosztowy
Kosztowy (German: Kostow) is a quarter of the city of Mysłowice in the Silesian Voivodship of Poland. The formerly independent municipality is approximately 4 km south the city centre of Mysłowice, close to the neighbouring city of Imielin. In the course of a major re-organisation of municipal borders in Upper Silesia it was incorporated into Mysłowice together with Wesoła and Dziećkowice.

It has an area of 5.17 km2 (2.00 sq mi) and in 2012 had a population of 3,480.

Upper Silesia
Upper Silesia (Polish: Górny Śląsk [ˈɡurnɨ ˈɕlɔ̃sk] ⓘ ; Silesian: Gůrny Ślůnsk, Gōrny Ślōnsk; Czech: Horní Slezsko; German: Oberschlesien [ˈoːbɐˌʃleːzi̯ən] ⓘ ; Silesian German: Oberschläsing; Latin: Silesia Superior) is the southeastern part of the historical and geographical region of Silesia, located today mostly in Poland, with small parts in the Czech Republic. The area is predominantly known for its heavy industry (mining and metallurgy).
Dave Gallagher (rugby league)
Dave Gallagher is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played for Western Suburbs and the Illawarra Steelers in the NSWRL competition. Gallagher also played for Rochdale in England and Redcliffe in the Brisbane Rugby League premiership.

Rochdale Hornets
The Rochdale Hornets are a professional rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, competing in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league. The Rochdale Hornets are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895, making them one of the world's first rugby league clubs. Their main local rivals are Oldham, Salford Red Devils, Swinton Lions, Halifax and the Huddersfield Giants.
Earl Reoch
Earle Clark Reoch (5 March 1942 – 1 December 1989) was a Scottish first-class cricketer and solicitor.

Reoch was born at Monifieth in March 1942. He was educated at the High School of Dundee, before matriculating to the University of St Andrews. Reoch played club cricket for both Forfarshire and Perthshire, with him captaining Forfarshire in 1968, 1971 and 1976. He made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Scotland against Ireland at Cork in 1973. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed in Scotland's first innings without scoring by Gerry Duffy, while in their second innings he was dismissed for 3 runs by Dermott Monteith. In the same year he also played in matches against Essex and the touring New Zealanders, though neither match carried first-class status. Outside of cricket, he was a solicitor by profession. Reoch suffered a heart attack at his Broughty Ferry home on 30 November 1989 and died the following day at Ninewells Hospital in Dundee.

Ninewells Hospital
Ninewells Hospital is a large teaching hospital, based on the western edge of Dundee, Scotland. It is internationally renowned for introducing laparoscopic surgery to the UK as well as being a leading centre in developing fields such as the management of cancer, medical genetics and robotic surgery. Within the UK, it is also a major NHS facility for psychosurgery. The medical school was ranked first in the UK in 2009. The hospital has nursing and research links with the University of Dundee and is managed by NHS Tayside.
Barnstaple Priory
The Priory of St Mary Magdalene in Barnstaple was a priory in Devon, England. It was founded in about 1107 by Juhel de Totnes, feudal baron of Barnstaple, who had earlier founded Totnes Priory in about 1087 at the caput of his former feudal barony of Totnes, from which he had been expelled. Barnstaple Priory was of the Cluniac order.  It was dedicated to St Mary Magdalene. It was situated on land outside the town walls stretching from the North Gate to the East Gate with the River Yeo forming its northern boundary. Nearby to the north across the River Yeo was the Benedictine Pilton Priory of St Mary the Virgin, a cell of Malmesbury Abbey,   founded slightly later, between 1107 and 1199.

Caput baroniae
In the customs of the kingdom of England, the caput baroniae (from Latin 'head of the barony') was the ancient, or chief, seat or castle of a nobleman, which was not to be divided among the daughters upon his death, in case there be no son to inherit. Instead, it was to descend entirely to the eldest daughter caeteris filiabus aliunde satisfactis, 'other daughters having been satisfied elsewhere'.

The Leges Henrici Primi stated that a lord's tenants would have to go to the caput of the lord, even if it was in another county.‍

The central settlement in an Anglo-Saxon multiple estate was called a caput‍(also short for caput baroniae). The word is also used for the centre of administration of a hundred as well as the early feudal honour.
Shameless season 10
The tenth season of Shameless, an American comedy-drama television series based on the British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, was announced on January 31, 2019, two days after the premiere of season 9's ninth episode. The season premiered on November 10, 2019.

It is the first season not to star original cast member Emmy Rossum. Cameron Monaghan, who previously announced his departure from the series in season 9, returned as a series regular. Noel Fisher also rejoined the cast as a series regular alongside William H. Macy, Jeremy Allen White, Ethan Cutkosky, Shanola Hampton, Steve Howey, Emma Kenney, and Christian Isaiah. Kate Miner was promoted to series regular after her recurring role in season 9.

Seasons 10 and 11 of Shameless were filmed together as a single production, so the cast for the tenth and eleventh seasons of Shameless was the same.

Steve Howey (actor)
Steven Michael Robert Howey (born July 12, 1977) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Van Montgomery on The WB/The CW sitcom television series Reba and Kevin Ball on the Showtime series Shameless. Howey has also appeared in the films Supercross, DOA: Dead or Alive, Bride Wars, Game Over, Man!, Day Shift and Something Borrowed.
Pendil
Pendil was a racehorse trained by Fred Winter. In 2012 Robin Oakley included him in his book Britain and Ireland's Top 100 Racehorses of All Time.

Pendil was a dual King George VI Chase winner at Kempton Park and was ridden on both occasions by Richard Pitman in 1972 and 1973.

One of Pendil's greatest performances was when carrying top weight of 12'7 to victory in the Massey Ferguson Gold Cup Handicap Chase at Cheltenham in December 1973 gaining revenge on The Dikler, who had pipped him on the line nine months earlier in the Cheltenham Gold Cup.

Cheltenham Gold Cup
51°55′13″N 2°3′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.92028°N 2.05778°W﻿ / 51.92028; -2.05778

The Cheltenham Gold Cup is a Grade 1 National Hunt horse race run on the New Course at Cheltenham Racecourse in England, over a distance of about 3 miles 2½ furlongs (3 miles 2 furlongs and 70 yards, or 5,294 m), and during its running there are 22 fences to be jumped. The race takes place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.

The steeplechase, which is open to horses aged five years and over, is the most prestigious of all National Hunt events and it is sometimes referred to as the Blue Riband of jump-racing. Its roll of honour features the names of such chasers as Arkle, Best Mate, Golden Miller, Kauto Star, Denman and Mill House. The Gold Cup is the most valuable non-handicap chase in Britain, and in 2025 it offered a total prize fund of £625,000.
Toyokuni Shrine (Kanazawa)
Toyokuni Shrine (豊国神社, Toyokuni-jinja) is a Shinto shrine located on Mount Utatsu in Higashi-Mikage-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Under the shrine ranking system, it was listed as a village shrine. Its annual festival day is May 2.

The shrine is dedicated to both Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Maeda Toshitsune, the  founder of Kaga Domain. It is located near two other shrines, Utatsu Shrine (a Tenman-gū) and Atago Shrine, and together they are known as the "Mount Utatsu Three Shrines".

Tenmangū
Tenmangū (天満宮) is a Shinto shrine which enshrines Sugawara no Michizane as Tenjin. There are about 14,000 such shrines in Japan; famous examples include:

Dazaifu Tenmangū (Dazaifu, Fukuoka) -- One of the Sōhonsha (head shrines) of Tenman-gū

Kitano Tenmangū (Kamigyo, Kyoto) -- Another Sōhonsha of Tenman-gū

Nagaoka Tenmangū (Nagaokakyo, Kyoto)

Misode Tenmangū (Onomichi, Hiroshima)

Osaka Tenmangū (Kita-ku, Osaka)

Hōfu Tenmangū (Hofu, Yamaguchi)

Yabo Tenmangū (Kunitachi, Tokyo)

Yamada Tenmangū, Nagoya

Yushima Tenmangū (Bunkyo, Tokyo)

Kameido Tenjin Shrine (Koto, Tokyo)

Dazaifu Tenman-gū and Kitano Tenmangū are often grouped together with another of these shrines and called the "Three Great Tenjin Shrines", but there is no generally accepted criterion for the selection of a third shrine.
Samuel Blandford
Samuel Blandford (August 10, 1840 – March 8, 1909) was a sealing captain and political figure in the Newfoundland Colony. He represented Bonavista Bay in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1889 to 1893 as a Liberal.

He was born in Greenspond, the son of Darius Blandford. He first took part in the seal fishery with his father at the age of 13. In 1874, he was named captain of the steamship Osprey, which was lost in April of that year. Blandford married Sarah A. Edgar. He also managed a cod fishing operation on the Labrador coast and was captain of a ship providing mail service from 1875 to 1883. In 1893, he was named to the Legislative Council of Newfoundland and served until his death in St. John's at the age of 68.

Blandford's son Sidney also entered politics. His brother Darius represented Bonavista Bay from 1893 to 1904 as a Conservative. His niece Josephine married William C. Winsor.

Greenspond
Greenspond is a community in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

Greenspond is one of the communities that comprise an area called Bonavista North, in Bonavista Bay, on the northeast coast of the Island of Newfoundland. These communities have a shared history in that they were settled by people from England, predominantly from the West Country: Somerset, Devon, Dorset and Hampshire.

Greenspond is one of the oldest continuously inhabited outports in Newfoundland, having been settled in the 1690s. In the first 100 years after settlement, the people of Greenspond lived from the bounty of the sea. The community thrived and became a major trading centre  because of its proximity to and its position on the main sea lanes and was known as the "Capital of the North".
Frederick W. Stein House
The Frederick W. Stein House is a historic house in Atchison, Kansas. It was built in 1948 for Frederick W. Stein, the founder and president of the Steinlite Corporation, and his wife, née Helen Moore. Stein's company sold the Steinlite Moisture Tester. By the late 1940s, Stein served as Atchison's mayor.

The house was designed by George J. Davidson and G. Alden Krider in the Classical Revival architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 14, 2004.

Atchison, Kansas
Atchison is a city in and the county seat of Atchison County, Kansas, United States, along the Missouri River.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 10,885.  The city is named in honor of US Senator David Rice Atchison from Missouri and was the original eastern terminus of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Atchison is also the home of Benedictine College, a Catholic liberal arts university.
Brezis–Lieb lemma
In the mathematical field of analysis, the Brezis–Lieb lemma is a basic result in measure theory. It is named for Haïm Brézis and Elliott Lieb, who discovered it in 1983. The lemma can be viewed as an improvement, in certain settings, of Fatou's lemma to an equality. As such, it has been useful for the study of many variational problems.

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
Świerże Zielone
Świerże Zielone (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɕfjɛrʐɛ ʑɛˈlɔnɛ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zaręby Kościelne, within Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

Ostrów County, Masovian Voivodeship
Ostrów County (Polish: powiat ostrowski) is a county in Masovian Voivodeship, east-central Poland. Its seat is located in the town of Ostrów Mazowiecka, with the only other town of the county being Brok. The county was established on 1 January 1999, and historically existed from 1919 to 1939 in the Białystok Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic, and in 1939, in the Warsaw Voivodeship.

The county covers an area of 1,218.06 square kilometres (470.3 sq mi). As of 2019, its total population is 72,558, out of which the population of Ostrów Mazowiecka is 22,489, that of Brok is 1,941, and the rural population is 48,128.
Taurus Express
The Taurus Express (Turkish: Toros Ekspresi) is a passenger train named after the Taurus Mountains in Southern Turkey. It was launched in 1930 by Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits and originally connected Istanbul with Aleppo, Tripoli, Lebanon (for connections to Palestine) and Nusaybin (for connections to Iraq). The Taurus Express provided connection to the Orient Express in Istanbul. Overland travel from Western Europe to Near East became possible with the same level of comfort and quality throughout the trip. As of 2024 a service with this name is operated daily by TCDD Transport running wholly within Turkey between Konya and Adana.

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.
Gebhardt Motorsport
Gebhardt Motorsport is a German motor racing team and constructor founded by brothers Günther and Fritz Gebhardt. Originally the team was formed to further the open wheel racing career of Günther Gebhardt as he progressed through Formula Super Vee and Formula 3 racing a succession of March and Ralt open wheelers. Gebhardt reached Formula 2 in 1982 racing a March 812 BMW but went no further before shifting to sportscar endurance racing.

Formula Two
Formula Two (F2) is a type of open-wheel formula racing category first codified in 1948. It was replaced in 1985 by Formula 3000, but revived by the FIA from 2009 to 2012 in the form of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The name returned again in 2017 when the former GP2 Series became known as the FIA Formula 2 Championship.
Prime Minister of Greece
The prime minister of the Hellenic Republic (Greek: Πρωθυπουργός της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, romanized: Prothypourgós tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), usually referred to as the prime minister of Greece (Πρωθυπουργός της Ελλάδας, Prothypourgós tis Elládas), is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek Cabinet.

The officeholder's official seat (but not residence) is the Maximos Mansion in the centre of Athens. After the Presidency of the Government (Προεδρία της Κυβερνήσεως, Proedría tis Kyverníseos) was established, the office is referred to either as Prime Minister or President of the Government (Πρόεδρος της Κυβερνήσεως, Próedros tis Kyverníseos).

Iouliana
Iouliana (Greek: Ιουλιανά, "July events") describe the political and constitutional crisis in Greece centered on the resignation, on 15 July 1965, of Prime Minister Georgios Papandreou and subsequent appointment, by King Constantine II, of successive prime ministers from Papandreou's own party, the Centre Union, to replace him. Defectors from the Centre Union were branded by Papandreou's sympathizers as "apostates," and describing the events as "Apostasia" (Greek: Αποστασία, "Apostasy") or the "Royal Coup" (Greek: Το Βασιλικό Πραξικόπημα). The Iouliana heralded a prolonged period of political instability, which weakened the fragile post-civil war order, and ultimately led to the establishment of the military regime in April 1967.
Northington
Northington is a village and civil parish in the City of Winchester district of Hampshire, England. It lies half a mile from the neighbouring village Swarraton, across the Candover stream. Its nearest railway station is at New Alresford, on the Mid-Hants railway line.

City of Winchester
Winchester (/ˈwɪntʃɪstər/), or the City of Winchester, is a local government district with city status in Hampshire, England.

The district is named after its main settlement of Winchester, which is where the council is based and is also the county town of Hampshire. The city boundaries also encompass a large surrounding rural area, including the towns of New Alresford and Whiteley and numerous villages.

Parts of the district lie within the South Downs National Park. The neighbouring districts are Basingstoke and Deane, East Hampshire, Havant, Portsmouth, Fareham, Eastleigh and Test Valley.
Sud-Nikolayevka
Sud-Nikolayevka (Russian: Суд-Никола́евка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Pervomayskoye Rural Settlement, Podgorensky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 719 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

Podgorensky District
Podgorensky District  (Russian: Подго́ренский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwestern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,579 square kilometers (610 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Podgorensky. Population: 23,123 (2021 Census); 27,340 (2010 Census); 29,563 (2002 Census); 31,827 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 24.8% of the district's total population.