hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colin MacDonald (writer)
Colin MacDonald was born in 1956 in Inverness, Scotland. He is a prolific writer for television and radio.  Television credits include The Dunroamin' Rising (BBC1), The Gift (BBC1), The Wreck on the Highway (BBC1), Sharpe's Honour (ITV) and episodes in the series Blue Murder (ITV), Heartbeat (ITV), Casualty (BBC1), and Para Handy (BBC1).  Radio credits include Killing the Butterfly (BBC Radio 4), Hill of Rains (BBC Radio 4), The Colour of Summer (BBC Radio 4), King of Hearts (BBC Radio Scotland), The Stanley Baxter Playhouse: The Hat (BBC Radio 4) and Calum's Road (BBC Radio 4). In 2021, BBC Radio 4 aired a full-cast adaptation of C. J. Sansom's mystery novel Lamentation, dramatised by MacDonald, with Justin Salinger starring as Shardlake.

Sharpe's Honour (TV programme)
Sharpe's Honour is a 1994 British television drama, the fifth of a series screened on the ITV network that follows the career of Richard Sharpe, a fictional British soldier during the Napoleonic Wars. It is based on the 1985 novel of the same name by Bernard Cornwell.
Toninho Cerezo
Antônio Carlos Cerezo (born 21 April 1955), known as Toninho Cerezo (Brazilian Portuguese: [toˈniɲu sɛˈɾɛzu]), is a Brazilian former footballer. Cerezo is commonly regarded as one of the finest Brazilian defensive midfielders of all time, most notably having played for his hometown's team Atlético Mineiro; he also played for several other clubs in both Brazil and Italy throughout his career.

At international level, Cerezo took part at the 1978 and 1982 FIFA World Cups – winning a bronze medal in the former edition of the tournament – and the 1979 Copa América, where Brazil finished in third place.

Emperor's Cup
The Emperor's Cup JFA All-Japan Football Championship Tournament (Japanese: 天皇杯 JFA 全日本サッカー選手権大会, Hepburn: Tennōhai Jēefuē Zen-Nihon Sakkā Senshuken Taikai), commonly known as The Emperor's Cup (Japanese: 天皇杯, サッカー天皇杯, Hepburn: Tennōhai, Sakkā Tennōhai) or Japan FA Cup, and rebranded as The JFA Emperor's Cup from 2024 onwards, is a Japanese annual football competition. It has the longest tradition of any football tournament in Japan, dating back to 1921, before the formation of the J.League, the current JFL (not the former JFL), and their predecessor, the Japan Soccer League.

Before World War II, teams could qualify not only from Japan proper but also from Empire of Japan's colonies such as Korea, Taiwan, and sometimes Manchukuo. The winning club qualifies for the AFC Champions League and the Japanese Super Cup. The tournament's equivalent in women's football is the Empress's Cup.

The current holders are Machida Zelvia, having won their first cup in the 2025 edition.
HMS Seine
Three ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Seine after the River Seine which runs through Paris and Normandy in France. All three ships named Seine were frigates captured from the French Navy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars:

HMS Seine (1798) was a fifth-rate frigate, originally named Seine, captured from the French in 1798 and wrecked in 1803.

HMS Seine was a fifth-rate frigate, originally named Embuscade, captured from the French in 1798, named HMS Ambuscade and added to the Royal Navy, renamed HMS Seine in 1803, and broken up in 1813.

Seine was a fifth-rate frigate, originally named Cérès, captured from the French in 1814, named Seine, but never commissioned, and broken up at Deptford in May 1823.

HMS Seine (1798)
Seine was a 38-gun French Seine-class frigate that the Royal Navy captured in 1798 and commissioned as the fifth-rate HMS Seine. On 20 August 1800, Seine captured the French ship Vengeance in a single ship action that would win for her crew the Naval General Service Medal. Seine's career ended in 1803 when she hit a sandbank near the Texel.
Papyrus 125
Papyrus 125, also known as P. Oxy. 4934, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the First Epistle of Peter in a fragmentary condition. It is designated by the siglum 𝔓125 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the late 3rd or early 4th century.: 17

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain
The Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain (TRA) is the official, independent body recognized by the Government of Bahrain for regulating the telecoms sector in Bahrain.

TRA presides over licensing, regulation and policy making, consumer protection, and technical operations. TRA was established in 2002, following the promulgation of the Telecoms Law, as stated in Legislative Decree No. 48 of 2002.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Radan Lenc
Radan Lenc (born July 30, 1991) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He currently plays for HC Bílí Tygři Liberec in the Czech Extraliga (ELH).

During his second season in the SHL with Frölunda HC in the 2022–23 campaign, Lenc registered 2 goals and 5 points through 16 regular season games before leaving the club to join fellow SHL outfit, HV71, on a two-year contract on 2 November 2022.

HC Bílí Tygři Liberec
Bílí Tygři Liberec (English: Liberec White Tigers) are a professional ice hockey club based in Liberec, Czech Republic. The team competes in the Czech Extraliga, the highest level of play in professional Czech ice hockey.
Equestrian statue of José María Morelos (Guadalajara)
An equestrian statue of José María Morelos, officially named Monumento a Morelos, is installed in Guadalajara, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It was designed by Miguel Miramontes and it was unveiled in September 1965. It is installed along Parque Morelos, previously named Paseo de la Alameda. The bronze statue is placed in front of a quarry obelisk. Above the main statue, there is a bronze eagle that represents one of the former coats of arms of the country.

Equestrian statue
An equestrian statue is a statue of a rider mounted on a horse, from the Latin eques, meaning 'knight', deriving from equus, meaning 'horse'. A statue of a riderless horse is strictly an equine statue. A full-sized equestrian statue is a difficult and expensive object for any culture to produce, and figures have typically been portraits of rulers or, in the Renaissance and more recently, military commanders.

Although there are outliers, the form is essentially a tradition in Western art, used for imperial propaganda by the Roman emperors, with a significant revival in Italian Renaissance sculpture, which continued across Europe in the Baroque, as mastering the large-scale casting of bronze became more widespread, and later periods.

Statues at well under life-size have been popular in various materials, including porcelain, since the Renaissance. The riders in these may not be portraits, but figures from classical mythology or generic figures such as Native Americans.
William L. Guild
William L. Guild, Jr. (February 22, 1910 – May 13, 1993) was an American lawyer and jurist.

Born in Wayne Township, DuPage County, Illinois, he received his bachelor's degree from Wheaton College in 1931 and his law degree from Northwestern University School of Law in 1934. Guild then practiced law in Wheaton, Illinois. During World War II, Guild served in the United States Army. In 1953, Guild served as State's Attorney for DuPage County, Illinois and then in 1958, he was elected DuPage County judge. In 1960, Guild was appointed Illinois Attorney General to fill a vacancy and served until his defeat leaving office in 1961. Guild was a Republican. In 1964, Guild was elected associate judge and then was appointed to the Illinois Appellate Court serving until his retirement in 1979. Guild died in Wheaton, Illinois.

Wheaton, Illinois
Wheaton is a city in and the county seat of DuPage County, Illinois, United States. It is located in Milton and Winfield Townships, approximately 25 miles (40 km) west of Chicago. As of the 2020 census, Wheaton's population was 53,970, making it the 27th-most populous municipality in the state.
Plants of the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve
This is a list of plants found in the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve. The reserve straddles the Mexican states of Colima and Jalisco. It is located in the transition between the Nearctic and Neotropical realms and encompasses parts of the Sierra Madre del Sur, with a wide range of altitudes, climates and soils. The effects of tectonic and volcanic activities and erosion are notable within the reserve.

Xylosma flexuosa
Xylosma flexuosa, commonly known as brushholly or coronilla, is a species of flowering plant in the family Salicaceae, that is native to southern North America and northern South America. Its range stretches from southern Texas in the United States south through Mexico and Central America to Venezuela. It can also be found on the island of Curaçao in the Netherlands Antilles. Brush holly is a spiny evergreen shrub, usually reaching a height of 1–2 m (3.3–6.6 ft) but able to attain 6–8 m (20–26 ft) in height. Red and yellow berries around 7–8 mm (0.28–0.31 in) in diameter are found on the plant throughout the year. It is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental hedge.
Drake Icefall
Drake Icefall is an icefall 2 nautical miles (4 km) wide between the Soholt Peaks and the Edson Hills in Antarctica, draining eastward from the plateau to join the general flow of Union Glacier through the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. It was named by the University of Minnesota Ellsworth Mountains Party, 1962–63, for Benjamin Drake IV, a geologist and member of the party.

Union Glacier
Union Glacier (79°45′S 082°30′W﻿ / ﻿79.750°S 82.500°W﻿ / -79.750; -82.500), is a large, heavily crevassed glacier which receives the flow of several tributaries and drains through the middle of the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. The glacier drains from the plateau at Edson Hills on the west side of the range and flows east between Pioneer Heights and Enterprise Hills. Union Glacier was mapped by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy (USN) air photos, 1961–66. The name was applied by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in association with the name Heritage Range.

The glacier is the site of Union Glacier Blue-Ice Runway, Union Glacier Camp and Union Glacier Station.
Capital punishment in Cuba
Capital punishment is a legal penalty in Cuba, however it is seldom resorted to. The last executions were carried out in 2003. National legislation provides for the death penalty for murder, threatening to commit murder, aggravated rape, terrorism, hijacking, piracy, drug trafficking and manufacturing, espionage, and treason. The typical method is execution by firing squad.

Execution by firing squad
Execution by firing squad, historically called fusillading (from the French fusil, rifle), is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war. Some reasons for its use are that firearms are usually readily available and a gunshot to a vital organ, such as the brain or heart, most often will kill relatively quickly.
Yolanda Delgado
Margarita Delgado (born 30 January 1970) is a Peruvian former volleyball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. Delgado won a bronze medal with the Peruvian team at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana.

Volleyball at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The 1996 women's Olympic volleyball tournament was the ninth edition of the event, organised by the world's governing body, the FIVB in conjunction with the International Olympic Committee. It was held from 20 July to 3 August 1996 at the Stegeman Coliseum of The University of Georgia in Athens, Georgia and at the Omni Coliseum in Atlanta, Georgia. 12 teams competed, up from eight in 1992.
Cheyenne Roundup
Cheyenne Roundup is a 1943 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and written by Elmer Clifton and Bernard McConville. The film stars Johnny Mack Brown, Tex Ritter, Fuzzy Knight, Jennifer Holt, Harry Woods and Roy Barcroft. The film was released on April 12, 1943, by Universal Pictures.

Bernard McConville
Lee Bernard McConville (October 16, 1887 – December 27, 1961) was an American screenwriter. He wrote for more than 90 films between 1915 and 1946. He was born in Denver, Colorado and died in Los Angeles County, California. He married actress Louise Owen in 1917. He died in 1961, at the age of 74.
Gymnastics at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games
Gymnastics competitions at the 2025 Junior Pan American Games were contested at the Gymnastics Pavilion of the SND Complex in Asunción, Paraguay. Trampoline gymnastics took place on August 11–12; rhythmic gymnastics took place on August 11–13 and artistic gymnastics took place on August 18–22.

Secretaría Nacional de Deportes
The National Secretary of Sports initialed SND and known as Secretaría Nacional de Deportes in Spanish, is the national sports complex of Paraguay where sportspeople trained and national and international competitions are disputed. SND is the headquarters of the Federación Paraguaya de Atletismo and its track and field stadium is the venue of monthly National Athletics Evaluative Tournaments.
Seal Sanctuary in Hel
The Seal Sanctuary in Hel (Fokarium w Helu) is a public aquarium in the town of Hel at the Polish seaside of the Baltic Sea.

It is not typically commercial enterprise (neither zoo nor circus with some trained animals). It belongs to Oceanography Institute of Gdańsk University and its main goal is to protect the Baltic seals and to promote the knowledge about them and environment protection.

The best time to visit the centre is the seal feeding time when you can see a seal show, currently at 11:00, 12:30 and 14:00.

A caveat: tickets can only be purchased on-site from a ticket machine, so you'll have to wait in a fairly long line.

Public aquarium
A public aquarium (pl. aquaria; or public water zoo) is the aquatic equivalent of a zoo, which houses living aquatic animal and plant specimens for public viewing. Most public aquariums feature tanks larger than those kept by home aquarists, as well as smaller tanks.

Since the first public aquariums were built in the mid-19th century, they have become popular and their numbers have increased. Most modern accredited aquariums stress conservation issues and educating the public.
2019 Rogers Cup – Women's doubles
Barbora Krejčíková and Kateřina Siniaková defeated the defending champion Demi Schuurs and her partner Anna-Lena Grönefeld in the final, 7–5, 6–0 to win the women's doubles tennis title at the 2019 Canadian Open.

Ashleigh Barty and Schuurs were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Barty partnered Victoria Azarenka, but lost in the semifinals to Krejčíková and Siniaková.

Demi Schuurs
Demi Schuurs (pronounced [ˈdeːmi sxyrs]; born 1 August 1993) is a Dutch professional tennis player who specializes in doubles.
On 22 October 2018, she peaked at No. 7 in the doubles rankings. In February 2015, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 512.

She has won twenty-one doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as one singles title and 20 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Vietnamese phonology
The phonology of Vietnamese features 19 consonant phonemes, with 5 additional consonant phonemes used in Vietnamese's Southern dialect, and 4 exclusive to the Northern dialect.  Vietnamese also has 14 vowel nuclei, and 6 tones that are integral to the interpretation of the language.  Older interpretations of Vietnamese tones differentiated between "sharp" and "heavy" entering and departing tones.  This article is a technical description of the sound system of the Vietnamese language, including phonetics and phonology. Two main varieties of Vietnamese, Hanoi and Saigon, which are slightly different from each other, are described below.

Phonology
Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics) is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phonemes or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but now it may relate to any linguistic analysis either:

Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape. At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
Purhus Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Purhus municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in the former Aarhus County on the Jutland peninsula in central Denmark.  The municipality covered an area of 169 km2, and had a total population of 8,547 (2005).  Its last mayor was Berner Nielsen, a member of the Social Democrats (Socialdemokraterne) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Fårup.

Purhus municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  It was merged with existing Nørhald, Randers, and a portion of each of the following municipalities— Langå, Mariager, and Sønderhald— to form an enlarged Randers municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 793 km2 and a total population of 96,409 (2005).  The municipality belongs to Region Midtjylland ("Mid-Jutland Region").

Central Denmark Region
The Central Denmark Region (Danish: Region Midtjylland), or more directly translated as the Central Jutland Region and sometimes simply Mid-Jutland, is an administrative region of Denmark established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish municipal reform. The reform abolished the traditional counties (amter) and replaced them with five new administrative regions. At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, cutting the total number of municipalities from 271 to 98. The reform diminished the power of the regional level dramatically in favour of the local level and the national government in Copenhagen. The Central Denmark Region comprises 19 municipalities.
Britt Lindeborg
Britt Lindeborg (22 March 1928 – 5 August 1998) was a Swedish lyricist.

She was born in Solna Municipality to Gunnar Karlsson and Elsa Sparring. Her greatest success was probably "Lyckliga gatan", a Swedish version of "Il ragazzo della via Gluck", performed by Anna-Lena Löfgren. She wrote the lyrics for "Judy, min vän", Swedish contribution to the Eurovision Song Contest 1969, and she wrote the lyrics for "Diggi-Loo Diggi-Ley", winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 1984. Lindeborg also wrote the Swedish lyrics for the Lynsey de Paul composed songs "Taste Me" ("Låt dina sinnen få smaka") and "My Man and Me" ("Min man och jag"), both recorded by Agneta Munther. She was inducted into the Swedish Music Hall of Fame in 2017.

Lynsey de Paul
Lynsey de Paul (born Lyndsey Monckton Rubin; 11 June 1948 – 1 October 2014) was an English singer-songwriter and record producer. After initially writing hits for others, she had her own chart hits in the UK and Europe in the 1970s, starting with UK top 10 single "Sugar Me", and became the first British female artist to achieve a number one with a self-written song (in 1972 in Belgium, Spain and the Netherlands). She represented the UK in the Eurovision Song Contest 1977 alongside Mike Moran with the song "Rock Bottom", finishing in second place and scoring another chart-topping hit in Switzerland, and had a successful career as a songwriter, record producer, actress and television celebrity.
Hermocapelia
Hermocapelia or Hermokapeleia, also possibly known as Thyessos, was a town of ancient Lydia. It was inhabited from Classical through Byzantine times. It stood on the Hermus River, "to the west of Apollonis in its own little plain almost completely surrounded by mountains."

It was mentioned by Pliny the Elder and Hierocles but is best known for its coins which it minted, and which are in existence today.

The city was the site of an ancient bishopric which remains a vacant titular see to this day.

Its site is located in Sakarkaya, Akhisar, south of Suleymanköy in Asiatic Turkey.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
Packard Caribbean
The Packard Caribbean is a full-sized luxury car that was made by the Packard Motor Car Company of Detroit, Michigan, during model years 1953 through 1956. Some of the Caribbean's styling was derived from the Pan American Packard show car of the previous year. Available only as a convertible from 1953 until 1955 with a hardtop model added in its final year of 1956.

Hardtop
A hardtop is a rigid form of automobile roof, typically metal, and integral to the vehicle's design, strength, and style. The term typically applies to a pillarless hardtop, a car body style without a B-pillar. The term "pillared hardtop" was used in the 1970s to refer to cars that had a B-pillar but had frameless door glass like a pillarless hardtop.

In limited cases, a hardtop roof can be detachable (often designed to store in the trunk), or retractable within the vehicle itself.