hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kothi (gender)
In the Indian subcontinent, a kothi is a term for a man or boy who takes on an "effeminate" role in same-sex relationships, often with a desire to be the receptive partner in sexual intercourse. The origins of the term are unclear. The original meaning was intended as a slur, similar to "fag" or "sissy." Local equivalents include durani (Kolkata), menaka (Cochin), meti (Nepal), and zenana (Pakistan). The male partners who perform the penetrative acts are known as panthi.

Kothis differ from hijras as they do not live in the kind of intentional communities that hijras usually live in. They are similar to the hijra in that they may take a same-sex lover for a period of time, and they may perform sexual favors for men through prostitution.

Other sources state that the term kothi is an all-encompassing term for males in India who do not conform to their social gender, where the term kothi would include the identity of hijra, among others.

Meti (gender)
Meti is a term used in the country of Nepal, and often refers to a feminine displaying and male-bodied individual. The term is said to originate from Darjeeling, India where it means "to quench one's thirst," alluding to meti sexual interactions with males.

Metis are an officially recognized third gender in the country of Nepal as of a Supreme Court ruling in 2007. As of this Supreme Court ruling, metis are able to be officially recognized by the Nepalese government and able to have a government-issued ID card listing “both” as an option under “gender." This also set a precedent of using self-determination as a source of proof in determining a person's eligibility in establishing a gender on government documents.
Nina Agadzhanova
Nina Agadzhanova–Shutko (27 October / 8 November 1889 – 14 December 1974) was a Soviet revolutionary, screenwriter, and film director. She is most widely recognized for writing The Year 1905, the original screenplay from which Battleship Potemkin was created.

Rostov-on-Don
Rostov-on-Don, or simply Rostov, is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, 32 kilometers (20 mi) from the Sea of Azov, directly north of the North Caucasus. The southwestern suburbs of the city lie above the Don river delta. Rostov-on-Don has a population of over one million people and is an important cultural, educational, economic and logistical centre of Southern Russia.
Rountree
Rountree is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Christopher Rountree, American conductor

Harry Rountree (1878–1950), British illustrator

J. L. Hunter "Red" Rountree (1911–2004), American folk hero

Jim Rountree (1936–2013), American football player

John H. Rountree (1805–1890), American judge, farmer, politician

Khalil Rountree (born 1990), American mixed martial artist

Larry Rountree III (born 1998), American football player

Leonidas Johnson Rountree (1868–1923), American politician

Lin Rountree (born 1971), American composer and record producer

Martha Rountree (1911–1999), American journalist

Mary Rountree (1922–2007), American baseball player

Tucker Rountree (born 1981), American songwriter

Walter B. Rountree (1903–1980), American football player

William J. Rountree (1882–? ) American Shipping company owner

William M. Rountree (1917–1995), American diplomat

Martha Rountree
Martha Jane Rountree (October 23, 1911 – August 23, 1999) was an American pioneering broadcast journalist and entrepreneur. She was the creator and first moderator of a public-affairs program, first on radio as The American Mercury from June 24, 1945 to 1947, and as Meet the Press on the NBC television network from November 6, 1947 to November 1, 1953. Until Kristen Welker took over on September 17, 2023, Rountree was the only female moderator in the seven-decade history of the show.
Strongylosoma alampes
Strongylosoma alampes is a species of millipedes in the family Paradoxosomatidae.

It was first described by Austrian myriapodologist and invertebrate zoologist, Carl August Graf Attems-Petzenstein in 1898.

S. alampes is indigenous to Java, Indonesia.

Myriapoda
Myriapods (from Ancient Greek  μυρίος (muríos) 'countless' and  πούς (poús) 'foot') are the members of subphylum Myriapoda, containing arthropods such as millipedes and centipedes. The group contains about 13,000 species, all of them terrestrial.

Although molecular evidence and similar fossils suggests a diversification in the Cambrian Period, the oldest known fossil record of myriapods dates between the Late Silurian and Early Devonian, with Pneumodesmus preserving the earliest known evidence of air-breathing on land. Other early myriapod fossil species around the similar time period include Kampecaris obanensis and Archidesmus sp. The phylogenetic classification of myriapods is still debated.

The scientific study of myriapods is myriapodology, and those who study myriapods are myriapodologists.
The Borrowers Avenged
The Borrowers Avenged is a children's fantasy novel by Mary Norton, published in 1982 by Viking Kestrel in the UK and Harcourt in the US. It was the last of five books in a series that is usually called The Borrowers, inaugurated by The Borrowers in 1952.

The Borrowers Avenged was written more than 20 years after its predecessor The Borrowers Aloft (1961). 
It is about twice as long as the others at nearly 300 pages; 
the 1966 British omnibus edition of four novels was only 699 pages. Pauline Baynes succeeded Diana L. Stanley as illustrator in the UK while Beth and Joe Krush continued as US illustrators.

The book received a positive reception by critics. New York magazine called it a "well-drawn portrait ...wittily told" 
while Country Life called it "a modern classic in the making".

Country Life (magazine)
Country Life (stylised in all caps) is a British weekly perfect-bound glossy magazine, launched in 1897, that is published by Future plc. It was based in London at 110 Southwark Street until 2016, when moved to Farnborough, Hampshire. In 2022, the magazine moved back to London at 121–141 Westbourne Terrace, Paddington.
AEGON Awards
The Aegon British Tennis Awards are a set of monthly awards that are presented to current tennis players, who represent Great Britain and are deemed to have made the best performance and/or contribution to British tennis.

They were first awarded for January 2009. Each month three categories are presented to the recipients of Senior Player, Junior Player and Coach.

The Player and Junior Player Awards are selected by the performance board in the Player Team meeting at the National Tennis Centre. The board decide this from nominations given by top LTA national coaches, taking into consideration a combination of ranking improvements, outstanding performance and significant results.

The Coach of the Month is selected by the Head of Coaching and his team from the nominations put forward by LTA Licensed coaches. The winning coach being deemed to have had the greatest impact on British Tennis in the previous month.

Lawn Tennis Association
The Lawn Tennis Association (LTA) is the national governing body of tennis in Great Britain, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man founded in 1888. The LTA promotes all levels of lawn tennis. The organization believes tennis can provide "physical, social, and mental rewards both on and off the court." The National Tennis Centre (NTC) in Roehampton, southwest London, serves as its main training facility. The Princess of Wales has been an LTA patron since 2017.
Clonmel Celtic F.C.
Clonmel Celtic F.C. are an Irish association football club from Clonmel in Ireland. The club's senior men's team competes in the Tipperary Southern & District Football League (TSDL). They qualified for the FAI Cup in 2012 and 2015.

The club colours are green shirts, white shorts and green socks. The club plays their home games at Celtic Park.

In the 2014–15 season, the club made it to the semi-finals of the FAI Junior Cup. This achievement meant they automatically qualified to compete in the FAI Cup. They entered the draw for the 2015 FAI Cup in the first round, losing to Cobh Wanderers 0–2.

Clonmel
Clonmel (Irish: Cluain Meala, meaning 'honey meadow') is the county town and largest settlement of County Tipperary, Ireland. The town is noted in Irish history for its resistance to the Cromwellian army which sacked the towns of Drogheda and Wexford. With the exception of the townland of Suir Island, most of the borough is situated in the civil parish of "St Mary's" which is part of the ancient barony of Iffa and Offa East.
Chevrolet BrightDrop
The Chevrolet BrightDrop, formerly the BrightDrop Zevo, is a battery electric delivery van produced by General Motors (GM). It was unveiled at the Consumer Electronics Show on January 12, 2021, under the BrightDrop brand, with production beginning in December 2022. Since the 2025 model year, the van has been marketed under the Chevrolet brand and is available through select Chevrolet dealerships.

It comes in two models: the larger Chevrolet BrightDrop 600 (formerly the BrightDrop Zevo 600 and BrightDrop EV600), with approximately 600 cubic feet (17 m3) of cargo volume, and the smaller Chevrolet BrightDrop 400 (formerly the BrightDrop Zevo 400 and BrightDrop EV410), with approximately 400 cubic feet (11 m3) of cargo volume.

Multi-stop truck
A multi-stop truck (also known as a step van, walk-in van, delivery van, or bread truck; "truck" and "van" are interchangeable in some dialects) is a type of commercial vehicle designed to make multiple deliveries or stops, with easy access to the transported cargo held in the rear. They first appeared in the United States in the 1920s. They are usually vans or trucks designed to be used as fleet vehicles by businesses within local areas.

Former and current manufacturers of multi-stop trucks include Morgan Olson, Utilimaster, Workhorse Group, Freightliner Trucks, International Motors, Ford, General Motors, International Harvester, Flxible, Pak-Age-Car, Gerstenslager and Divco.
Deaths in December 2018
The following is a list of notable deaths in December 2018.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Basketball at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1964 Summer Olympics was the sixth appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from October 11 to October 23. The United States defeated the Soviet Union to win their sixth consecutive gold medal at this event, while Brazil earned the bronze against Puerto Rico.
Catherine Tait
Catherine Tait (born 1958) is a Canadian business executive who formerly served as the 16th president of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. She succeeded Hubert Lacroix for the position after being appointed on April 3, 2018, and beginning her five-year mandate on July 3, 2018. In June 2023, her mandate was renewed until January 2025. She was succeeded by former TV5 Québec Canada chief executive officer, Marie-Philippe Bouchard.

Tait was a founder and served as the first chair of the Global Task Force for Public Media, an initiative of the Public Media Alliance launched in September 2019. On December 19, 2024, she was succeeded in this role by ZDF Director-General Norbert Himmler.

Business executive
A business executive is a person responsible for running an organization, although the exact nature of the role varies depending on the organization.

Executives run companies or government agencies. They create plans to help their organizations grow. Becoming an executive usually takes years of promotions and hard work since the qualifications of this role needs hard working individuals with years of experience in multiple facets of the business.
Dorothy James
Dorothy James (1 December 1901 – 1 December 1982) was an American music educator and composer.

James was born in Chicago, Illinois, and graduated from the Chicago Musical College and the American Conservatory of Music, where she studied with Louis Gruenberg for composition and Adolph Weidig for counterpoint. She continued her studies with Howard Hanson at Eastman School of Music, Healey Willan at the Toronto Conservatory, and Ernst Krenek at the University of Michigan. After completing her studies, she took a position in 1927 teaching music at Eastern Michigan University, then Michigan State Normal College, where she worked until retiring in 1968. She was awarded an honorary doctorate from the school in 1971.

Healey Willan
James Healey Willan CC (12 October 1880 – 16 February 1968) was an English and Canadian organist and composer, and an influential teacher. He composed more than 800 works including operas, symphonies, chamber music, a concerto, and pieces for band, orchestra, organ, and piano. He is best known for his church music.
Ash Meadows killifish
The Ash Meadows killifish (Empetrichthys merriami) is a species of killifish from the subfamily Empetrichthyinae, part of the family Goodeidae, which was first documented by C. H. Gilbert in 1893 and historically occupied numerous springs near Ash Meadows, Nye County, Nevada, United States. This species was last seen in 1948 and is believed to have gone extinct in the early 1950s, likely as a result of habitat alteration and competition with and predation by introduced crayfish Procambarus clarkii, mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), black mollies (Poecilia sphenops), and bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana).

The common name of the genus Empetrichthys has since been changed from killifish to poolfish.

The specific name honours the American naturalist and physician C. Hart Merriam (1855–1942), who led the Death Valley (California, USA) expedition, during which he and Vernon Orlando Bailey (1864–1942) co-collected the type.

Poecilia sphenops
Poecilia sphenops, called the Mexican molly or simply the molly, is a species of poeciliid fish from Central America. It was once understood as a widespread species with numerous local variants ranging from Mexico to Venezuela, but these variants are today considered distinct species belonging to the P. sphenops complex and P. sphenops itself as being native to Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras. Due in part to its popularity as an aquarium fish, the species has been introduced outside of its native range, but many records may in fact refer to P. mexicana or other species from the complex. P. sphenops has been crossbred with other mollies, notably P. latipinna and P. velifera, to produce fancy mollies for the ornamental fish trade.
Vithalbhai Haveli
Vithalbhai Haveli is a haveli (mansion) in Vaso, Kheda district, Gujarat, India. It was built in the late 19th century and features four floors adorned with beautifully carved wooden pillars, window frames, beams, ceilings and doors.

Kheda district
Kheda district, known as Kaira district during British rule, is one of the thirty-three districts of Gujarat state in western India. It is part of the region known as Charotar, consisting of Kheda and Anand districts. Kheda was an administrative capital during British rule. Nadiad is now the administrative headquarters of the district.
Pyotr Krechetnikov
Piotr Nikititch Kretchetnikov (Russian: Петр Никитич Кречетников) (1727 – c. 1800) was a Russian major-general in command of the corps sent to intervene against the Bar Confederation. He was the elder brother of Mikhaïl Kretchetnikov.

He was made a colonel in 1764 and in 1769 he entered the Imperial Russian Army at the head of troops sent against the armies of a Polish uprising. He was accused of several abuses as commander and of the confiscation of goods belonging to active members of the Bar Confederation. He was also accused of fraud in resupplying his troops and was dismissed in 1771.  From 1771 to 1775 he was governor of the city of Astrakhan.

Bar Confederation
The Bar Confederation (Polish: Konfederacja barska; 1768–1772) was an association of Polish nobles (szlachta) formed at the fortress of Bar in Podolia (now Ukraine), in 1768 to defend the internal and external independence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth against Russian political influence and against King Stanislaus II Augustus with Polish reformers, who were attempting to limit the power of the Commonwealth's wealthy magnates.

The founders of the Bar Confederation included the magnates Adam Stanisław Krasiński, the bishop of Kamieniec, Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, Casimir Pulaski, his father and brothers and Michał Hieronim Krasiński. Its creation led to a civil war and contributed to the First Partition of Poland. Maurice Benyovszky was the best known European Bar Confederation volunteer, supported by Roman Catholic France and Austria. Some historians consider the Bar Confederation the first Polish uprising.
Daiji na Mono
Daiji na Mono (だいじなもの, A Precious Thing) is the first full-length studio album by the Japanese idol group Idoling!!!. This album was recorded with the original nine members, as the Second Generation (Nikisei) was introduced two months later. It was released on February 27, 2008. It reached the 16th place on the Oricon Weekly Albums Chart.

Phongchi
Phongchi (フォンチー, Fonchī; born December 16, 1990) is a Japanese idol of Vietnamese descent. Often dubbed "Idoling No. 8", she is a former member of Japanese all-girl idol group Idoling. She was one of original members and had been the most popular member of the group. She also does glamour modeling as a gravure idol, having released two photobooks and five DVDs since 2008.
Frank Pattee
Frank Sondles Pattee (March 11, 1924 – January 5, 2011) was an American football halfback. He was born in Smith Center, Kansas, the son of Addie (née Munson) and John Walter Pattee. He was a star football player at Smith Center High School, and played college football at the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas.

Smith Center High School
Smith Center High School is a public high school located in Smith Center, Kansas, United States.  It is the sole high school operated by Smith Center USD 237 school district, and serves students of grades 7 to 12.  The school colors are red and green and the mascot is the Redmen.
Agnidra scabiosa
Agnidra scabiosa is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by Arthur Gardiner Butler in 1877. It is found in south-eastern Russia, Korea, Japan and China.

The wingspan is 14-17.5 mm for males and 17.5–20 mm for females. Adults are similar to Agnidra fuscilinea, but have a distinctive colour pattern of the wings.

The larvae feed on Quercus and Castanea species.

Chestnut
Chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus Castanea, in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Carmen, Davao del Norte
Carmen (Tagalog: ['kaɾmɛn]), officially the Municipality of Carmen (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Carmen; Tagalog: Bayan ng Carmen), is a dynamic and steadily progressing first-class municipality in the province of Davao del Norte, Philippines, and positioned between Panabo City, Tagum City, and within easy reach of Davao City, making it a key transit, trade, and growth corridor in the province. As part of the expanding Davao Metropolitan Area, its strategic location, fertile agricultural lands, and access to both inland and coastal resources have driven rapid development and increasing economic activity. Because of these advantages and its continuous urban growth, Carmen is widely regarded as the next city of Davao del Norte, reflecting its rising importance as both an agricultural center and an emerging commercial hub. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 88,745 people.

Panabo
Panabo, officially the City of Panabo (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Panabo; Filipino: Lungsod ng Panabo), is a component city in the province of Davao del Norte, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 211,242 people. It is also known for being the “Banana Capital of the Philippines” for its vast banana plantations.

Panabo is the second most populous city in Davao del Norte (after Tagum) and it is also part of Davao Metropolitan Area as it shares borders with Davao City. It has an area of 25,123 hectares (62,080 acres). The Panabo City Hall is located about 2.23 kilometers from its boundary with Davao City.
Rachel Grepp
Rachel Catharina Helland Grepp, née Helland (5 March 1879 – 24 May 1961) was a Norwegian journalist and politician for the Norwegian Labour Party.

She was among the founders of Bergens Socialdemokratiske Ungdomslag in 1902. From 1923 to 1945 she was a journalist in Arbeiderbladet, a member of Oslo city council as well as international secretary and member of the women's secretariat in the Labour Party. These positions were de facto suspended from 1940 due to the German occupation of Norway.

She was the Labour Party's eighth ballot candidate in the 1924 parliamentary election and the eighth ballot candidate in the 1927 election. This time she was elected as fourth deputy.

She was married to Kyrre Grepp (1879–1922). Their daughter Gerda Grepp (1907–1940) was a Spanish Civil War correspondent, their son Ole Grepp (1914–1976) was an actor, and their son Asle Grepp (1919–1945) was executed as a Norwegian World War II resistance member.

A close friend of Alexandra Kollontai.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Hermógenes López Coarchita
Hermógenes López Coarchita (16 September 1928 - 30 June 1978) was a Guatemalan Roman Catholic priest. He served as the pastor for the San José de Pinula parish since the late 1960s until his murder in mid-1978 due to his consistent championing of human rights and in particular his demand that all Guatemalans have the basic right to access clean water. His constant speaking out against corruption and regime abuses led to his enemies planning to kill him in an effort to subdue potential rebellion in the region.

The beatification process for the late priest opened in 2007 under Pope Benedict XVI and he became titled as a Servant of God at the cause's onset.

Guatemalans
Guatemalans (Spanish: guatemaltecos or less commonly guatemalenses) are people connected to the country of Guatemala. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Guatemalans, several (if not all) of these connections exist.

Guatemala is a multicultural society, though most Guatemalans have varying degrees of European (predominantly Spaniard) and Amerindian ancestry. Guatemalans are also colloquially nicknamed chapines in other Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America.