hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Greek to me
That's Greek to me or it's (all) Greek to me is an idiom in English referring to material that the speaker finds difficult or impossible to understand. It is commonly used in reference to a complex or imprecise verbal or written expression, that may use unfamiliar jargon, dialect, or symbols. The metaphor refers to the Greek language, which is unfamiliar to most English speakers, and additionally uses a largely dissimilar alphabet.

Symbol
A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, relationship, or mathematical formula. Symbols allow people to go beyond what is known or seen by creating linkages between otherwise different concepts and experiences. All communication is achieved through the use of symbols: for example, a red octagon is a common symbol for "STOP"; on maps, blue lines often represent rivers; and a red rose often symbolizes love and compassion. Numerals are symbols for numbers; letters of an alphabet may be symbols for certain phonemes; and personal names are symbols representing individuals. The academic study of symbols is called semiotics.

In the arts, symbolism is the use of a concrete element to represent a more abstract idea. In cartography, an organized collection of symbols forms a legend for a map.
1932 International Lawn Tennis Challenge
The 1932 International Lawn Tennis Challenge was the 27th edition of what is now known as the Davis Cup. 22 teams would enter the Europe Zone; while 8 would enter the Americas Zone, 5 in North America and 3 in South America.

The United States defeated Brazil in the America Inter-Zonal Final, after Brazil received two walkovers in the South America Zone, and then defeated Germany in the Inter-Zonal play-off. France defeated the US in the Challenge Round, giving them their sixth straight title. The final was played 29–31 July at Stade Roland Garros in Paris.

United States Davis Cup team
The United States men's national tennis team represents the United States in Davis Cup tennis competition, and is governed by the United States Tennis Association.

The United States competed in the inaugural Davis Cup against Great Britain in 1900. They are the most successful team ever to compete in the Davis Cup, winning the coveted title on 32 separate occasions closely followed by Australia with 28 victories.
Wola Błędowa
Wola Błędowa [ˈvɔla bwɛnˈdɔva] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stryków, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Stryków, 18 km (11 mi) north-east of Zgierz, and 21 km (13 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Zgierz County
Zgierz County (Polish: powiat zgierski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Zgierz, which lies 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains four other towns: Ozorków, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Zgierz, Aleksandrów Łódzki, lying 9 km (6 mi) south-west of Zgierz, Głowno, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Zgierz, and Stryków, 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Zgierz.

The county covers an area of 853.71 square kilometres (329.6 sq mi). As of 2016, its total population is 165,206, out of which the population of Zgierz is 56,929, that of Ozorków is 19,809, that of Aleksandrów Łódzki is 21,380, that of Głowno is 14,534, that of Stryków is 3,477, and the rural population is 49,077.
Henry Duncan (minister)
Henry Duncan FRSE (8 October 1774 – 12 February 1846) was a Scottish minister, geologist and social reformer. The minister of Ruthwell in Dumfriesshire, he founded the world's first mutual savings bank that would eventually form part of the Trustee Savings Bank. He served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1839. At the Disruption has left the Church of Scotland and sided with the Free Church. He was also  a publisher, a philanthropist and an author, writing novels as well as works of science and religion.

General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is the sovereign and highest court of the Church of Scotland, and is thus the Church's governing body. It generally meets each year and is chaired by a Moderator elected at the start of the Assembly.
CLever Audio Plug-in
CLever Audio Plug-in or CLAP is an open source software architecture, application programming interface and reference implementation suite for audio effect plugins as used in multimedia software such as digital audio workstations, audio editing software, and video editing software with integrated audio workflows. The specification and reference implementation was released in 2022 by the Berlin-based audio software companies u-he and Bitwig.

CLAP was created as an open licensed alternative to proprietary audio plugin formats such as Steinberg's VST format, Apple's Audio Units format, or Avid Technology's Avid Audio Extension (AAX) format, designed for non-destructive parameter automation, multi-voice envelopes, true MIDI 2.0 support, better multi-core CPU performance and greater ease writing plugins in a non-proprietary licensing framework under the MIT License. CLAP is supported by 15 DAWs and 93 plugin producers who have produced 394 CLAP plugins.

Envelope (music)
In sound and music, an envelope describes how a sound changes over time. For example, a piano key, when struck and held, creates a near-immediate initial sound which gradually decreases in volume to zero. An envelope may relate to elements such as amplitude (volume), frequency (with the use of filters) or pitch.

Envelope generators, which allow users to control the different stages of a sound, are common features of synthesizers, samplers, and other electronic musical instruments. The most common envelope generator is controlled with four parameters: attack, decay, sustain and release (ADSR).
February 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
February 27 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - March 1 (February 29 on leap years).

All fixed commemorations below are observed on March 13 (March 12 on leap years) by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For February 28th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on February 15.

John Cassian
John Cassian, also known as John the Ascetic and John Cassian the Roman, (c. AD 360 – c. 435), was a Christian monk and theologian celebrated in both the Western and Eastern churches for his mystical writings. Cassian is noted for his role in bringing the ideas and practices of early Christian monasticism to the medieval West.
Jaimie Leonard
Jaimie E Leonard (January 29, 1974 – June 8, 2013) was a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army and a part of the Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division, Fort Drum, New York. She was 39 years old when she died in Sharana, Afghanistan, as a result of a small arms-related injury. Previous deployments include Bosnia (1999), Iraq (2005), and Afghanistan in 2011 where she served as part of Regional Command South headquarters. In 2013, while on a subsequent deployment to Afghanistan, she was fatally injured in an insider attack in Paktika province. She was buried in the West Point Cemetery.

Paktika Province
Paktika (Pashto, Dari: پکتیکا) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the eastern part of the country. Forming part of the larger Loya Paktia region, Paktika has a population of about 789,000 residents, who are mostly ethnic Pashtuns but smaller communities of Tajiks and others may also be found in the province. The town of Sharana serves as the provincial capital, while the most populous city is Urgun.

In 2021, the Taliban gained control of the province during the 2021 Taliban offensive.
First José Rizal Monument (Daet)
The Rizal Monument in Daet, Camarines Norte was the first monument built to honor José Rizal, and is the oldest surviving such monument in the Philippines. It was designed by Lt. Colonel Antonio Sanz with the help of Ildefonso Alegre of the Philippine Revolutionary Army and through the financial contributions of the locals of Camarines Norte. The three-tiered stone pylon with its square base supporting a triangle in two stages was the first monument and memorial marker in memory of the Philippines' National Hero.

Philippine Revolutionary Army
The Philippine Revolutionary Army (Spanish: Ejército Revolucionario Filipino; Tagalog: Hukbong Tagapagbangong Puri), later renamed Philippine Republican Army,  was the army of the First Philippine Republic from its formation in March 1897 to its dissolution in November of 1899 in favor of guerrilla operations in the Philippine–American War.
Nelson Enwerem
Nelson Enwerem Listenⓘ, known professionally as Prince, is a Nigerian actor, TV host, model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Mr Nigeria 2018. He represented Nigeria at the Mister World 2019 and was placed in the top 26. On 19 July 2020, he entered as the number three contestant in the Big Brother Naija season 5 and finished in ninth place.

Big Brother Naija season 5
Big Brother Naija Season 5, also known as Big Brother Naija: Lockdown, is the fifth season of the Nigerian version of the reality show Big Brother. It premiered on 19 July 2020 on Africa Magic with a live feed available on DStv channel 198 and GOtv channel 29. Ex-housemate Ebuka Obi-Uchendu from season one returned as host.

The winner of this season was Laycon and he won ₦85 million worth of prizes.
Seafarer 31 Mark I
The Seafarer 31 Mark I is an American sailboat that was designed by William H. Tripp Jr., with design development by McCurdy & Rhodes, as a racer-cruiser and first built in 1968.

The design was originally marketed by the manufacturer as the Seafarer 31, but is now usually referred to as the Seafarer 31 Mark I to differentiate it from the unrelated McCurdy and Rhodes-designed 1974 Seafarer 31 Mark II.

Cruising (maritime)
Cruising is a maritime activity that involves staying aboard a watercraft for extended periods of time when the vessel is traveling on water at a steady speed. Cruising generally refers to leisurely trips on yachts and luxury cruiseships, with durations varying from day-trips to months-long round-the-world voyages.
A Woman's Revenge
A Woman's Revenge can refer to:

A Woman's Revenge (play), a 1715 play by the British writer Christopher Bullock

A Woman's Revenge (1921 film), a 1921 German film

A Woman's Revenge (1990 film), a 1990 French film

A Woman's Revenge (2012 film), a 2012 Portuguese film

A Women's Revenge the debut album by rapper Feloni

A Woman's Revenge (1921 film)
A Woman's Revenge (German: Die Rache einer Frau) is a 1921 German silent drama film directed by Robert Wiene and starring Vera Karalli, Franz Egenieff and Olga Engl. In order to punish her cold, brutal aristocratic husband for murdering her lover, a woman becomes a common prostitute to shame him. The film received largely negative reviews.
Wodzin Prywatny
Wodzin Prywatny [ˈvɔd͡ʑin prɨˈvatnɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tuszyn, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south of Tuszyn and 29 km (18 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Łódź East County
Łódź East County (Polish: powiat łódzki wschodni) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łódź, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county consists of areas to the east and south of the city, and contains three towns: Koluszki, which lies 24 km (15 mi) east of Łódź, Tuszyn, 20 km (12 mi) south of Łódź, and Rzgów, 14 km (9 mi) south of Łódź.

The county covers an area of 499.32 square kilometres (192.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,574, out of which the population of Koluszki is 13,407, that of Tuszyn is 7,178, that of Rzgów is 3,338, and the rural population is 40,651.

Until 2002 the county also included the areas which now form Brzeziny County.
Elizaville Presbyterian Church
Elizaville Presbyterian Church is a historic church on Kentucky Route 32 in Elizaville, Kentucky.  It was built in 1861 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

It is a Flemish-bond brick front-gabled building which had an octagonal tower and spire over its entrance.

Flemish bond
Flemish bond is a pattern of brickwork that is a common feature in Georgian architecture. The pattern features bricks laid lengthwise (stretchers) alternating with bricks laid with their shorter ends exposed (headers) within the same courses. This decorative pattern can be accented by glazing or burning the exposed ends of the headers so that they possess a dark, glassy surface that contrasts with the stretchers.: 23  Despite the bond's name, the pattern did not originate in Flanders and can be found in European architecture dating to the late Middle Ages.

The pattern became popular among prestigious architectural projects in 17th-century England before spreading to British colonies in North America where it became closely associated with colonial Georgian architecture, especially in Virginia and Pennsylvania. With the early 20th-century restoration project at Colonial Williamsburg, the pattern experienced renewed popularity in the United States.
Bromus sitchensis
Bromus sitchenis, the Alaska brome, is a perennial grass native to the North Pacific coast of North America, in woods and banks from Alaska to Oregon. It can grow up to 1.8 m tall, but is often shorter. Leaf blades are elongate, 7–12 mm wide, and as much as 35 cm long. Spikelets 2.5 to 3.5 cm long with between 6 and 12 flowers, awn is 5 to 10 mm long.

The grass has winter dormancy, and is intolerant of aluminum in the soil. There is some utility as a forage crop in cooler, wetter regions.

The species appears to have been naturalized in Belgium as well as New Zealand.

Forage
Forage is a plant material (mainly plant leaves and stems) eaten by grazing livestock. Historically, the term forage has meant only plants eaten by the animals directly as pasture, crop residue, or immature cereal crops, but it is also used more loosely to include similar plants cut for fodder and carried to the animals, especially as hay or silage.

While the term forage has a broad definition, the term forage crop is used to define crops, annual or biennial, which are grown to be utilized by grazing or harvesting as a whole crop.
Clearcreekite
Clearcreekite is a carbonate mineral, polymorphous with peterbaylissite. The chemical formula of clearcreekite is Hg(1+)3CO3(OH)∙2H2O. It has a pale greenish yellow color and streak with tabular subhedral crystals and good cleavage on {001}. It is transparent with vitreous luster and uneven fracture. Its density (calculated from the idealized formula) is 6.96 g/cm3. The mineral is monoclinic with the space group P2/c. Clearcreekite is an extremely rare mineral from the Clear Creek mercury mine, New Idria district, San Benito County, California. It was probably formed after the alteration of other mercury minerals such as cinnabar. The mineral is named after the locality where it was found.

Space group
In mathematics, physics and chemistry, a space group is the symmetry group of a repeating pattern in space, usually in three dimensions. The elements of a space group (its symmetry operations) are the rigid transformations of the pattern that leave it unchanged. In three dimensions, space groups are classified into 219 distinct types, or 230 types if chiral copies are considered distinct. Space groups are discrete cocompact groups of isometries of an oriented Euclidean space in any number of dimensions. In dimensions other than 3, they are sometimes called Bieberbach groups.

In crystallography, space groups are also called the crystallographic or Fedorov groups, and represent a description of the symmetry of the crystal. A definitive source regarding 3-dimensional space groups is the International Tables for Crystallography Hahn (2002).
Bobby Barth
Bobby Barth (born December 5, 1952, in Coffeyville, Kansas, United States) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and guitarist.  As a player, Barth is most known for his emotional melodic style and his slide work.

Coffeyville, Kansas
Coffeyville is a city in southeastern Montgomery County, Kansas, United States, located along the Verdigris River in the state's southeastern region. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 8,826.  Coffeyville is the most populous city of Montgomery County, and the home to Coffeyville Community College. The town of South Coffeyville, Oklahoma is approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) south of the city.
Least-angle regression
In statistics, least-angle regression (LARS) is an algorithm for fitting linear regression models to high-dimensional data, developed by Bradley Efron, Trevor Hastie, Iain Johnstone and Robert Tibshirani.

Suppose we expect a response variable to be determined by a linear combination of a subset of potential covariates.  Then the LARS algorithm provides a means of producing an estimate of which variables to include, as well as their coefficients.

Instead of giving a vector result, the LARS solution consists of a curve denoting the solution for each value of the L1 norm of the parameter vector. The algorithm is similar to forward stepwise regression, but instead of including variables at each step, the estimated parameters are increased in a direction equiangular to each one's correlations with the residual.

Bradley Efron
Bradley Efron (/ˈɛfrən/; born May 24, 1938) is an American statistician. Efron has been president of the American Statistical Association (2004) and of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (1987–1988). He is a past editor (for theory and methods) of the Journal of the American Statistical Association, and he is the founding editor of the Annals of Applied Statistics. Efron is also the recipient of many awards (see below).

Efron is especially known for proposing the bootstrap resampling technique, which has had a major impact in the field of statistics and virtually every area of statistical application. The bootstrap was one of the first computer-intensive statistical techniques, replacing traditional algebraic derivations with data-based computer simulations.
Jerry Kazarian
Jerry Kazarian is a retired Armenian-American soccer forward who spent two seasons in the North American Soccer League.

Kazarian played for the Greater Los Angeles Soccer Club when he signed with the Los Angeles Aztecs of the North American Soccer League.  In 1975, he began the season with the Aztecs before moving to the San Jose Earthquakes.  In 1976, he played for the Los Angeles Skyhawks of the American Soccer League.

Los Angeles Aztecs
The Los Angeles Aztecs were an American professional soccer team based in Los Angeles, California, that existed from 1974 to 1981. The Aztecs competed in the North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1974 to 1981 as well as the 1975 NASL Indoor tournament, the 1979–80 and 1980–81 NASL Indoor seasons, and won the NASL Championship in 1974. During their eight years of existence, the Aztecs played at four different venues and were controlled by four different ownership groups. European soccer legends George Best and Johan Cruyff played for the team, and from 1975 to 1977 English singer Elton John was a part-owner.
Georgetown Specialist Hospital
Georgetown Specialist Hospital is a private hospital in George Town within the Malaysian state of Penang. Established in 2019, the 20-bed hospital at Green Lane offers services including internal medicine, nephrology, orthopaedics, gastroenterology, hepatology, endoscopy, urology and general surgery. The planned expansion of the hospital will cost an additional RM350 million and increase its capacity to 300 beds, as well as the addition of eight operating theatres to its facilities.

Green Lane, George Town
Green Lane is a major thoroughfare within the city of George Town in the Malaysian state of Penang. Part of Penang Middle Ring Road, Green Lane starts from the intersection with Scotland and Ayer Itam roads, and stretches southwards to the Udini Roundabout.

Once a quiet, leafy road, Green Lane has witnessed rapid urbanisation since the 1950s, turning it into an affluent neighbourhood. Even so, the road is still well-known for its greenery, with mature trees lining both sides of Green Lane, as well as its central divider. Green Lane is also where two of Penang's top missionary schools – Penang Free School and Convent Green Lane – are located.
1999 Bank of the West Classic – Singles
The 1999 Bank of the West Classic singles was the singles event of the twenty-eighth edition of the first tournament in the US Open Series.

Lindsay Davenport and Venus Williams were the respective defending champion and runner-up, and they met in the final again. Davenport won for a second consecutive year to claim her twenty-third singles title.

Fabiola Zuluaga
Fabiola Zuluaga (born 7 January 1979) is a Colombian former professional tennis player. She reached the Australian Open semifinals in 2004, the first Colombian to reach a major semifinal. Zuluaga is one of Colombia's most successful tennis players.

Zuluaga won a record seven singles titles in Bogotá, of which four were on the WTA Tour and three on the ITF Women's Circuit. She retired from the professional tour on 9 September 2005.
Jennifer Tait
Jennifer Tait (born 4 January 1995) is an Australian female volleyball player.

She was named in the Australian Volleyroos Women's Squad and has participated in the 2017 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix, and 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's Challenger Cup.

She played for Campbell University.

2018 FIVB Women's Volleyball Challenger Cup
The 2018 FIVB Women's Volleyball Challenger Cup was the inaugural edition of the FIVB Women's Volleyball Challenger Cup, a new annual women's international volleyball tournament contested by six national teams that acts as a qualifier for the FIVB Women's Volleyball Nations League. The tournament was held in Lima, Peru between 20 and 24 June.

Bulgaria won the title, defeating Colombia in the final, and earned the right to participate in the 2019 Nations League replacing Argentina, the last placed challenger team after the 2018 edition. Puerto Rico defeated Peru in the third place match.
Moksha language
Moksha (мокшень кяль, mokšəń käĺ, pronounced ['mɔkʃənʲ kælʲ]) is a Mordvinic language of the Uralic family, spoken by Mokshas, with around 130,000 native speakers in 2010.
Moksha is the majority language in the western part of Mordovia.
Its closest relative is the Erzya language, with which it is not mutually intelligible. Moksha is also possibly closely related to the extinct Meshcherian and Muromian languages.

Muromian language
Muromian is an extinct Uralic language formerly spoken by the Muromian tribe, in what is today the Murom region in Russia. They are mentioned by Jordanes as Mordens and in the Primary Chronicle. Very little is known about the language, but it was probably either closely related to the Mordvinic languages, or a language closely related to Meryan. Muromian probably became extinct in the Middle Ages around the 10th century, as the Muromians were assimilated by the Slavs. The Muromian language is unattested, but is assumed to have been Uralic, and has frequently been placed in the Volga-Finnic category.