hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madrid–Valencia de Alcántara railway
The Madrid–Valencia de Alcántara line is an Iberian-gauge railway in Spain owned by ADIF. It is one of the main legacy lines across Extremadura and the province of Toledo, serving cities such as Talavera de la Reina and Cáceres. Part of the stretch across the Madrid region (up until Humanes) is used by commuter service C-5..

Iberian-gauge railway
Iberian gauge (Spanish: ancho ibérico, trocha ibérica, Portuguese: bitola ibérica) is a track gauge of 1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in), most extensively used by the railways of Spain and Portugal. A broad gauge, it is the second-widest gauge in regular use anywhere in the world, with only Indian gauge railways, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), being wider (by 8 mm (5⁄16 in)).

As finally established in 1955, the Iberian gauge is a compromise between the similar, but slightly different, gauges adopted as respective national standards in Spain and Portugal in the mid-19th century. The main railway networks of Spain were initially constructed to a 1,672 mm (5 ft 5+13⁄16 in) gauge of six Castilian feet. Those of Portugal were instead built to a 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) and later railways to a 1,664 mm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge of five Portuguese feet – close enough to allow interoperability with Spanish railways.
Imperial March (Elgar)
Imperial March is a piece for full orchestra written by the English composer Edward Elgar to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria in 1897, as his Op. 32.

In 1896 the publisher Novello's requested that he write an 'Imperial March' for the occasion, as well as a cantata based on the story of St. George and the Dragon. The first performance of the march was at a Crystal Palace concert on 19 April 1897, conducted by August Manns.  It was played by massed bands at the Crystal Palace a week later, at a Royal Garden Party on 28 June (the actual anniversary of the Queen's coronation), at a State Concert on 18 June and at the Albert Hall (by the Royal Artillery Band) on 24 October. The music created a great impression as popular music for the mood of the public at the time, and made his name widely known in London.

Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria
The Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria was officially celebrated on 22 June 1897 to mark the occasion of the 60th anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession on 20 June 1837. Queen Victoria was the first British monarch ever to celebrate a Diamond Jubilee.
Sanja Živković
Sanja Živković is a Serbian-Canadian film director, whose debut feature film Easy Land was released in 2019.

Born in Serbia, she moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, with her family during the Yugoslav Wars. She studied film at Simon Fraser University, and has stated that her experience as an immigrant, living as an outsider in an unfamiliar new society, has informed her creative perspective.

She made several short films, including How I Almost Became a Canadian (2009), Our Little Secret (2011), Maria's Episode (2014) and Cleo (2016), prior to Easy Land, which premiered at the 2019 Toronto International Film Festival.

Her second feature film, Cat's Cry, went into production in 2023. It premiered at the 2024 Vancouver International Film Festival, where Živković received an honorable mention for the Emerging Canadian Director award.

2019 Toronto International Film Festival
The 44th annual Toronto International Film Festival was held from 5 to 15 September 2019. The opening gala was the documentary film Once Were Brothers: Robbie Robertson and The Band, directed by Daniel Roher, and the festival closed with a screening of the biographical film Radioactive, directed by Marjane Satrapi.
De Sola
De Sola is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carla DeSola (born 1937), American teacher and choreographer of liturgical dance

David de Aaron de Sola (1796–1860), Amsterdam-born rabbi and writer 
Abraham de Sola (1825–1882), his son, Anglo-Canadian rabbi and author
Meldola de Sola (1853–1918), Abraham's son, Canadian rabbi
Frederick de Sola Mendes, his great grandson
David de Sola Pool, his grandson
Ithiel de Sola Pool, son of David

Pablo Vicente de Solá (1761–1826), colonial governor of Spanish Alta California

Sasha De Sola, American ballet dancer

David de Sola Pool
David de Sola Pool (Hebrew: דוד די סולה פול;‎ 1885–1970) was a British-born American rabbi, scholar, author, and civic leader. He is considered to be the leading 20th-century Sephardic rabbi in the United States and a world leader of Judaism.
Andrei Borza
Sebastian Andrei Borza (born 12 November 2005) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Liga I club Rapid București.

A product of Farul Constanța's academy, Borza made his senior debut in 2022 and won a national title in his second season at the team. In the summer of 2023, he transferred to fellow league side Rapid București.

Internationally, Borza represented Romania under-21 in the 2023 UEFA European Championship.

Gheorghe Hagi Football Academy
The Gheorghe Hagi Football Academy (Romanian: Academia de fotbal Gheorghe Hagi) is a football youth academy based in Ovidiu, Constanța County, which serves as the primary youth clinic of Romanian club Farul Constanța. Until 2021, it was the primary youth clinic of Viitorul Constanța.

Founded in 2009 by former Romanian international Gheorghe Hagi, the academy cost €11 million and is one of the biggest and most modern in Southeastern Europe, holding over 300 players, 9 training fields and other facilities.

The president of the Academy is Pavel Peniu and vice president is Neculai Tănasă.
Chen An
Chen An (died August or September 323), courtesy name Huhou, was a Chinese military general and warlord of the Jin dynasty (266–420) and Han-Zhao during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. During the aftermath of the Disaster of Yongjia in northern China, Chen An became a favored general of the Jin prince Sima Bao in Qinzhou, but an assassination attempt on him made by one of Bao's subordinates in 315 prompted him to declare independence in Longcheng (隴城, in modern Qin'an County, Gansu). He submitted to the Zhao state in 319 but then rebelled in 322, declaring himself the King of Liang. His reign was short-lived, as he was defeated and executed by Zhao forces the following year.

Chen An was well-respected among his soldiers and those living in his territory. The people of Longshang (隴上; north of present-day Shaanxi and west of present-day Gansu) dedicated an ode in his memory, and the prestigious Tang dynasty poet Li Bai even wrote a poem based on him.

Qín Prefecture
Qin Province, Qín Prefecture or Qinzhou (Chinese: 秦州) was a province in China that existed from the Jin dynasty (266–420) to the Tang and Five Dynasties period. It was named for the former state of Qin and occupied the southeastern area of present-day Gansu. It was variously centered at Shanggui (modern Tianshui, whose Qinzhou District bears its name) and Changji (modern Qin'an).
New England Art Union
The New England Art Union (c. 1848 – 1852) was established in Boston, Massachusetts, for "the encouragement of artists, the promotion of art" in New England and the wider United States. Edward Everett, Franklin Dexter, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow served as officers of the board. The short-lived but lively union ran a public gallery on Tremont Street, and published a journal. Artists affiliated with the union included Chester Harding, Fitz Henry Lane, Alvan Fisher, and other American artists of the mid-19th century.

Washington Allston
Washington Allston ARA (November 5, 1779 – July 9, 1843) was an American painter and poet, born in Waccamaw Parish, South Carolina. Allston pioneered America's Romantic movement of landscape painting. He was well known during his lifetime for his experiments with dramatic subject matter and his bold use of light and atmospheric color. While his early artworks concentrate on grandiose and spectacular aspects of nature, his later pieces represent a more subjective and visionary approach.
Zeppelin LZ 121 Nordstern
The LZ 121 was a civilian airship from the Weimar Republic, a Y-Class zeppelin with a total length of 130.8 metres (429 ft 2 in). It received the nickname Nordstern while in German service, before it was given to France as war reparations on 13 June 1921.
In France she was renamed the Méditerranée and operated as a civilian air transport for a year. She was transferred to the French Navy and served in the Mediterranean for four years. She was decommissioned and broken up in August 1926.

Friedrichshafen
Friedrichshafen (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪçsˌhaːfn̩] or [fʁiːdʁɪçsˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Hafe or Fridrichshafe) is a city on the northern shoreline of Lake Constance (the Bodensee) in Southern Germany, near the borders of both Switzerland and Austria. It is the district capital (Kreisstadt) of the Bodensee district in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg. Friedrichshafen has a population of about 63,000.
Softmax function
The softmax function, also known as softargmax: 184  or normalized exponential function,: 198  converts a tuple of K real numbers into a probability distribution over K possible outcomes. It is a generalization of the logistic function to multiple dimensions, and is used in multinomial logistic regression. The softmax function is often used as the last activation function of a neural network to normalize the output of a network to a probability distribution over predicted output classes.

Cross-entropy
In information theory, the cross-entropy between two probability distributions  and , over the same underlying set of events, measures the average number of bits needed to identify an event drawn from the set when the coding scheme used for the set is optimized for an estimated probability distribution , rather than the true distribution .
German modal particles
German modal particles (German: Modalpartikel or Abtönungspartikel) are uninflected words that are used mainly in the spontaneous spoken language in colloquial registers in German. Their dual function is to reflect the mood or the attitude of the speaker or the narrator and to highlight the sentence's focus.

Often, a modal particle has an effect that is vague and depends on the overall context. Speakers sometimes combine several particles, as in doch mal, ja nun or ja doch nun mal. It is a feature typical of the spoken language.

Most German words can be translated into English without any problems but modal particles are a challenge to translate because English has no real equivalent to them.

Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.
Of Mice and Men (1968 film)
Of Mice and Men is a 1968 American television film, based on John Steinbeck's 1937 novella and stage play. It is directed by Ted Kotcheff and stars George Segal as George and Nicol Williamson as Lennie. It originally aired on January 31, 1968 as part of ABC's "Theatre Nights" program.

Of Mice and Men (play)
Of Mice and Men is a play adapted from John Steinbeck's 1937 novel of the same name. The play, which predates the Tony Awards and the Drama Desk Awards, earned the 1938 New York Drama Critics' Circle Best Play.
2025 Orléans Masters
The 2025 Orléans Masters (officially known as the Orléans Masters Badminton presented by Victor 2025 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament that took place at the Palais des Sports, Orléans, France, from 4 to 9 March 2025 and had a total prize of US$240,000.

Yang Po-hsuan
Yang Po-hsuan (Chinese: 楊博軒; pinyin: Yáng Bóxuān; born 23 August 1996) is a Taiwanese badminton player. He was part of the national university team that won the gold medal at the 2017 Summer Universiade.
2017–18 Austrian Regionalliga
The 2017–18 Austrian Regionalliga  was the 59th season of the Austrian third-tier football league.

The Regionalliga is split into East, West and Middle (German: Ost, West & Mitte) divisions. The Regionalliga Ost is formed by clubs from the Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland Football Associations. The Regionalliga Mitte is made up of clubs from the Upper Austria, Carinthia and Styria Football Associations. The Regionalliga West is made up of clubs from the Salzburg, Tirol and Vorarlberg Football Associations.

Due to the expansion of the Austrian leagues, this season eight clubs were promoted to the 2018–19 Second League, i.e. the successful promotion applicants from each division. A ninth team would have played in a promotion/relegation play-off against the bottom placed team in the First League, but the Austrian FA decided against relegation to the Regionalliga, so there was no play-off.

Vorarlberg Football Association
The Vorarlberg Football Association (German: Vorarlberger Fussballverband; VFV) is the umbrella organization of the football clubs of the Austrian state Vorarlberg. The VFV was founded in 1920 and has its headquarters in Hohenems.

The VFV is one of 8 regional organizations of the Austrian Football Association (German: Österreichischer Fußball-Bund, ÖFB).

The VFV is provider of the Fussballakademie Vorarlberg in Bregenz.
2008 National League One
This article contains information on rugby league played in the UK at semi-professional level in 2008. For general information on the National Leagues, see British rugby league system. For other leagues in 2008, see Rugby league in 2008.

2008 in rugby league
2008 was celebrated in Australia as the centenary of rugby league football, as in Australia it was in 1908 that the code broke away from rugby. The highlight of the year was the World Cup, which was held in Australia in October and November 2008.
Justin Dale
Justin Dale (born May 28, 1971) is a rally driver and driver trainer from Winchester, Hampshire, England.

Dale started rallying in 1992 at the Peugeot Rally Challenge, driving a Peugeot 205 GTi. In 1996 Dale entered the British Rally Championship with co-driver Andrew Bargery for Peugeot Sport, finishing third overall. He continued to drive for Peugeot in the British Rally Championship through the 2000 season until 2001 when no season was held.

In 2002 Dale competed in the WRC competing in the Rally GB as a Mitsubishi factory driver.

In 2003 Dale competed in three rounds of the World Rally Championship as a driver for the Hyundai World Rally Team. He participated in the Cyprus Rally, Rally Deutschland, and Rally Australia.

Cyprus Rally
The Cyprus Rally is a rallying competition held yearly in Cyprus since 1970. The event is run by the Cyprus Automobile Association and is based in the city of Limassol (Lemesos). It is run on the winding roads of the nearby mountains of Troödos. It was part of the FIA's World Rally Championship (WRC) from 2000 to 2006. In 2007 and 2008 the event was part of the FIA Middle East Rally Championship (MERC). The Cyprus Rally rejoined the WRC in 2009, taking advantage of the new regulations to become the only mixed surface event.

Between 2010 and 2012, the event was the final round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC), as well as the penultimate round of the MERC (except in 2011, when it was separately held in July), including in 2013.
Ismail Pasha al-Azm
Ismail Pasha al-Azm was an Ottoman statesman who served as the governor of Damascus and amir al-hajj in 1725–1730. Prior to this post he served as the agha (local commander) of Ma'arrat al-Nu'man and steadily moved up the ranks to become the governor of the districts of Ma'arrat al-Nu'man, Hama and Homs in 1719 and then governor of  Tripoli in 1721 before being assigned to the Damascus governorship.

His consistent promotion was attributed to his successes in restoring order to the Syrian countryside after a period of high instability, protecting Syria's farmlands from Bedouin raids and ensuring the safety of the annual Hajj pilgrim caravan to Mecca. Although he was deposed from the governorship in 1730, he established his family, al-Azm, as a major political household in Syria whose members were frequently appointed as the governors of the Damascus, Tripoli and Sidon provinces and who often served longer than typical terms.

Maarat al-Numan
Maarat al-Numan (Arabic: مَعَرَّةُ النُّعْمَانِ, romanized: Maʿarrat an-Nuʿmān), also known as al-Ma'arra, is a city in northwestern Syria, 33 km (21 mi) south of Idlib and 57 km (35 mi) north of Hama, with a population of 58,008 at the time of the 2004 census. In 2017, it was estimated to have a population of 80,000, including several displaced by fighting in neighbouring towns. It is located on the highway between Aleppo and Hama and near the Dead Cities of Bara and Serjilla.
Yorktown Center
Yorktown Center is a shopping mall located in the village of Lombard, a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, United States.  The mall features JCPenney and Von Maur anchors, as well as an 18-screen dine-in AMC Theatres on an outparcel.

Carson's
Carson Pirie Scott & Co. (also known as Carson's) was an American department store that was founded in 1854, which grew to over 50 locations, primarily in the Midwestern United States. It was sold to the holding company of Bon-Ton in 2006, but still operated under the Carson name. The entire Bon-Ton collection of stores, including Carson's, went into bankruptcy and closed in 2018.  Bon-Ton's intellectual property was quickly sold while in bankruptcy, and the new owners reopened shortly afterwards as a BrandX virtual retailer.
Cape Bayle
Cape Bayle is a cape forming the northeast end of Anvers Island, in the Palmer Archipelago. Charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–1905, under Charcot and named after Vice Admiral Charles-Jesse Bayle (1842–1918), French Navy.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Cape Bayle". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

64°17′S 63°10′W﻿ / ﻿64.283°S 63.167°W﻿ / -64.283; -63.167

Anvers Island
Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island 61 km (38 miles) long, the largest in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was discovered by John Biscoe in 1832 and named in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache after the province of Antwerp in Belgium. It lies south-west of Brabant Island at the south-western end of the group. The south-western coastline of the island forms part of the Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 7). Cormorant Island, an Important Bird Area, lies 1 km off the south coast.

There is a small science outpost called Palmer Station on the south end of Anvers island since the late 1960s; it is the smallest and farthest north of three the U.S. has on the continent. It is staffed by a few dozen people mostly doing marine and biology research, and is usually resupplied by ship as it has no regular airport.
The Master of Petersburg
The Master of Petersburg is a 1994 novel by South African writer J. M. Coetzee. The novel is a work of fiction but features the Russian writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky as its protagonist. It is a deep, complex work that draws on the life of Dostoyevsky, the life of the author and the history of Russia to produce profoundly disturbing results.

It won the 1995 Irish Times International Fiction Prize.

Sergei Nechaev
Sergei Gennadiyevich Nechaev (Russian: Сергей Геннадиевич Нечаев; 2 October [O.S. 20 September] 1847 – 3 December [O.S. 21 November] 1882) was a Russian anarcho-communist, part of the Russian nihilist movement, known for his single-minded pursuit of revolution by any means necessary, including revolutionary terror.

Nechaev fled Russia in 1869 after having been involved in the murder of a former comrade (Ivan Ivanov), who disagreed with some actions of Nechaevites. Complicated relationships with fellow revolutionaries caused him to be expelled from the International Workingmen's Association. Arrested in Switzerland in 1872, he was extradited back to Russia, where he received a twenty-year sentence and died in prison.
Creighton Sports Complex
The Creighton Sports Complex is a baseball and softball venue located on the campus of Creighton University in Omaha, Nebraska, United States.  It is the former home to the softball team, members of the NCAA Division I Big East Conference, and former home of the Creighton University baseball team.  The baseball team moved to TD Ameritrade Park Omaha in 2011. The softball team moved to a new facility in 2026.

The facility opened in 1988 and has a capacity of 2,000 at the baseball diamond and 1,000 at the softball diamond.  Both fields are surfaced with synthetic turf.

Creighton University
Creighton University (/ˈkreɪtən/) is a private research university in Omaha, Nebraska, United States. Founded by the Society of Jesus in 1878, the university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. In 2015 the university enrolled 8,393 graduate and undergraduate students on a 140-acre (57 ha) campus just outside of downtown Omaha. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". The university operates the Creighton University Medical Center. It has a second campus focused on health sciences located in Phoenix, Arizona.
Pithole Stone Arch Bridge
The Pithole Stone Arch Bridge is a 37-foot (11 m) masonry, deck arch bridge that spans Pithole Creek between Cornplanter and President Townships, Venango County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988 and was documented by the Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) in 1997.

Pithole Creek
Pithole Creek is a 17.1-mile (27.5 km) tributary of the Allegheny River in Northwest Pennsylvania in the United States. It has a drainage area of 41.8 square miles (108 km2).

Pithole Creek joins the Allegheny River approximately 0.5 miles (0.80 km) upstream of Oleopolis.
1988 Copa del Rey de Baloncesto
The 1988 Copa del Rey was the 52nd edition of the Spanish basketball Cup. It was organized by the ACB and its Final Eight was played in Valladolid, in the Pabellón Polideportivo Pisuerga between 19 and 21 December 1987.

This edition was played by the four first qualified of the 1987–88 ACB first stage.

1987–88 ACB season
The 1987–88 ACB season was the 5th season of the ACB Primera División, the top Spanish professional basketball league. It started on 26 September 1987 with the first round of the regular season and ended on 24 May 1988 with the finals.

FC Barcelona won their second consecutive ACB title, and their fifth Spanish title.
Bakaly
Bakaly (Russian: Бакалы) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Bakaly, Bakalinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a selo in Bakalinsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Bakaly, Burayevsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Burayevsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Bakaly, Republic of Tatarstan, a village in Bavlinsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan

Bakaly, Burayevsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan
Bakaly (Russian: Бакалы; Bashkir: Баҡалы, Baqalı) is a rural locality (a village) in Kashkalevsky Selsoviet, Burayevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 195 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.