hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Groff (software)
groff (/ˈdʒiːrɒf/ JEE-roff) (also called GNU troff) is a typesetting system that creates formatted output when given plain text mixed with formatting commands. It is the GNU replacement for the troff and nroff text formatters, which were both developed from the original roff.

Groff contains a large number of helper programs, preprocessors, and postprocessors including  eqn, tbl, pic and soelim. There are also several macro packages included that duplicate, expand on the capabilities of, or outright replace the standard troff macro packages.

Groff development of new features is active, and is an important part of free, open source, and UNIX derived operating systems such as Linux and 4.4BSD derivatives — notably because troff macros are used to create man pages, the standard form of documentation on Unix and Unix-like systems.

OpenBSD has replaced groff with mandoc in the base install, since their 4.9 release, as has macOS Ventura.

MacOS Ventura
macOS Ventura (version 13) is the nineteenth major release of macOS, Apple's operating system for Macintosh computers. The successor to macOS Monterey, it was announced at WWDC 2022 on June 6, 2022, and launched on October 24, 2022. macOS Ventura was succeeded by macOS Sonoma, which was released on September 26, 2023.

It is named after the city of Ventura and is the tenth macOS release to bear a name from the company's home state of California. The macOS 13 Ventura logo, official graphics and default wallpaper resemble an abstract California poppy.

macOS Ventura is the last version of macOS supporting Macs released in 2017, including the 21.5-inch 2017 iMac and the 12-inch MacBook, with the exception of the iMac Pro, which is supported by releases up to macOS Sequoia.
Hamid Ferej
Hamid Ferej was born in Barka in modern-day Eritrea. He was a prominent figure in Eritrean politics. In the year 1956 he was elected to be the president of the Eritrean parliament. He was the president of the Eritrean parliament from the year 1956 to 1962.

Provinces of Eritrea
The provinces of Eritrea existed since pre-Axumite times and became administrative provinces from Eritrea's incorporation as a colony of Italy until the conversion of the provinces into administrative regions. Many of the provinces had their own local laws since the 13th century.
John Courtail
John Courtail (bapt. 18 July 1715 – 25 February 1806) was an English cleric,  Archdeacon of Lewes  from 1770 until 1806.

Courtail was born at Exeter, the son of French parents. He matriculated at Clare College, Cambridge in 1732, graduating B.A. in 1736 and M.A. in 1739. He was a Fellow of Clare from 1736, becoming senior proctor. He was rector of Great Gransden and Burwash, becoming Archdeacon of Lewes in 1770. James Hurdis became Courtail's curate at Burwash in 1786, and dedicated to him the 1788 poem The Village Curate.

He died in Burwash, aged 90.

Clare College, Cambridge
Clare College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. The college was founded in 1326 as University Hall, making it the second-oldest surviving college of the University after Peterhouse. It was refounded in 1338 as Clare Hall by an endowment from Elizabeth de Clare, and took on its current name in 1856. Clare is famous for its chapel choir and for its gardens on the Backs (the rear of the colleges that overlook the River Cam). It is a registered charity.
L-xylulokinase
In enzymology, a L-xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.53) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + L-xylulose  ADP + L-xylulose 5-phosphate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and L-xylulose, whereas its two products are ADP and L-xylulose 5-phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with an alcohol group as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:L-xylulose 5-phosphotransferase. This enzyme is also called L-xylulokinase (phosphorylating).  This enzyme participates in pentose and glucuronate interconversions and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism.

Xylulose
Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the chemical formula C5H10O5. In nature, it occurs in both the L- and D-enantiomers. 1-Deoxyxylulose is a precursor to terpenes via the DOXP pathway.
Convent of São Francisco (Estremoz)
The  Convent of São Francisco (Portuguese: Convento de São Francisco) is a monastery in the civil parish of Estremoz (Santa Maria e Santo André), in the municipality of Estremoz, in the Portuguese district of Évora.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Annales Vedastini
The Annales Vedastini or Annals of St-Vaast are a series of annals written in the early tenth century at the Abbey of St. Vaast in Arras. They are an important source for the ninth century. The years from 874 to 900 are covered with a strong bias for Lotharingian and West Frankish affairs. Like the Annales Fuldenses and Annales Bertiniani, the AV, as it is often abbreviated, was combined with the other Reichsannalen in the so-called Chronicon Vedastinum, a general chronicle covering the history of the Carolingian Empire up until 899.

Annals
Annals (Latin: annāles, from annus, "year") are a concise historical record in which events are arranged chronologically, year by year, although the term is also used loosely for any historical record.
House on KY 1492
The House on KY 1492, near Milton, Kentucky, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

It was built between 1800 and 1820 and was deemed notable as "an outstanding example of the Federal style" in Trimble County.

It was described in 1982 as a one-and-a-half-story brick house, with brick laid in Flemish bond.  Its facade had four bays including a pedimented entrance pavilion.  The house was in deteriorated condition in 1982.

It was located off Kentucky Route 1492.  The house appears no longer to exist.

Trimble County, Kentucky
Trimble County is a county located in the north central part of the U.S. state of Kentucky. Its county seat is Bedford. The county was founded in 1837 and is named for Robert Trimble. Trimble is no longer a prohibition or dry county.
E. C. Matthews
Elbert Clark Matthews (born October 3, 1995) is an American professional basketball player who plays for KK Feniks 2010 Skopje of the Macedonian Prva Liga. He played college basketball for the Rhode Island Rams where he was a Second-team All-Atlantic 10 in 2015.

Grindavík (men's basketball)
The Grindavík men's basketball team, commonly known as Grindavík or UMFG for short, is the men's team of the basketball department of Ungmennafélag Grindavíkur multi-sport club, based in the town of Grindavík in Iceland.  It has won three national championships, in 1993, 2012 and 2013.
Debbie Parris-Thymes
Debbie-Ann Parris-Thymes (born 24 March 1973 in Trelawny Parish) is a Jamaican athlete who mainly competes in the 400 metres hurdles event. She finished 4th in the 1996 Summer Olympics. She has also won medals in relay.

Parris-Thymes ran track collegiately at Louisiana State University and was elected to the Louisiana State University Athletic Hall of Fame in 2017.

Louisiana State University Athletic Hall of Fame
The Louisiana State University Athletic Hall of Fame recognizes members of the LSU Tigers and Lady Tigers athletics program that have made a lasting impact on Louisiana State University (LSU).  To be eligible for the Hall of Fame in the Athlete category, an individual must have earned a college degree and gained national distinction through superlative performance. Hall of Fame candidates must also have established a personal reputation for character and citizenship.  To be eligible in the Coach/Administrator category, the individual must have made significant contributions to LSU Athletics and gained national distinction through exceptional accomplishments in his or her field of expertise while establishing an image that reflects favorably upon the University.

The Jack and Priscilla Andonie Museum located on the campus of LSU in Baton Rouge, Louisiana is the physical location of the Hall of Fame.
Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border
The Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border is the border between the countries of Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. At 1,793 km (1,114 mi), it is Turkmenistan's longest border and Uzbekistan's second longest (behind Uzbekistan's border with Kazakhstan). The border runs from the tripoint with Kazakhstan to the tripoint with Afghanistan.

The Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border was first established in 1925, when both countries were part of the Soviet Union as the Turkmen SSR and the Uzbek SSR respectively. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan became independent countries, making the Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border an international border. A joint treaty was signed between Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in 2000, recognizing the post-independence border as the official border between the two countries, ending a decade of disputes and establishing the border's current shape. A border fence was constructed afterward.

Geography of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan is a country in Central Asia, located north of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan. With an area of approximately 448,900 square kilometers, Uzbekistan stretches 1,425 km (885 mi) from west to east and 930 km (580 mi) from north to south. It borders Turkmenistan to the southwest, Kazakhstan to the north and Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan to the south and east. Uzbekistan also has four small exclaves in Kyrgyzstan.

Uzbekistan is the only Central Asian state to border all of the other four. Uzbekistan also shares a short border with Afghanistan to the south. As the Caspian Sea is an inland sea with no direct link to the oceans, Uzbekistan is one of only two "doubly landlocked" countries—countries completely surrounded by other landlocked countries. The other is Liechtenstein.
Piquero
Piquero is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Piquero (born 1970), American criminologist

Pedro Piquero (born 1976), Spanish pianist, Zen teacher, and animal rights activist

Nicole Leeper Piquero (fl. 1996), American criminologist, wife of Alex

Nicole Leeper Piquero
Nicole Leeper Piquero is an American criminologist and a professor of sociology at the University of Miami. Piquero is also the Associate Dean in the College of Arts & Sciences at the University of Miami. She was previously employed at the University of Texas at Dallas (UT-Dallas), where she was the associate provost for faculty development and program review since 2015, and has held the position of Robert E. Holmes Jr. tenured professor there since 2016. A 2013 article in the Journal of Criminal Justice Education ranked her as one of the top five female academics publishing in respected criminology and criminal justice journals.
Hegel Road Historic District
The Hegel Road Historic District is a mixed commercial and residential historic district located along Hegel Road between Seneca and the Goodrich Millpond in Goodrich, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Goodrich, Michigan
Goodrich is a village in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,022. The village is located within Atlas Township and is part of the Flint metropolitan area.
Manuel García Velarde
Manuel García Velarde (pronounced [maˈnwel ɣaɾˈθia βeˈlaɾðe]; born 14 September 1941) is a Spanish physicist and university professor, currently a member of the Academia Europaea, the Royal Academy of Doctors of Spain and the European Academy of Sciences. Velarde has worked in American and European universities and research organizations, focusing on fluid dynamics and other non-linear problems, including the kinetic and thermodynamic theories, hydrodynamic and interfacial instabilities, anharmonic lattices and electronics.

Because of his research achievements and international cooperation, he received the insignia of Officer of the National Order of Merit of France, belongs to the Ordre des Palmes Académiques, and holds the Blaise Pascal Medal and the Medal of the Royal Spanish Society of Physics.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Taekwondo at the 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games
The taekwondo competition at the 2023 Central American and Caribbean Games is scheduled to be held from 4 to 7 July at the Centro Olímpico Juan Pablo Duarte in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Taekwondo is among seven sports which will be contested in the Dominican Republic.

For the first time ever, a team kyorugui event will be held for men and women. Athletes qualified to compete at the games at a qualification tournament held in Costa Rica in February 2023.

Centro Olímpico Juan Pablo Duarte
Centro Olímpico Juan Pablo Duarte (translation: Juan Pablo Duarte Olympic Center) is a multi-venued athletic complex in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. It was initially built for the 1974 Central American and Caribbean Games, and also hosted multiple venues of the 2003 Pan American Games.

As of 2011, the complex has fallen into disrepair and efforts are underway to preserve the complex and maintain it.
Coat of arms of the Cook Islands
The coat of arms of the Cook Islands has a shield as its focal point. The shield is blue with fifteen white stars arranged in a circle, as found on the national flag, and is supported by a flying fish (maroro) and a white tern (kakaia). The helmet is an ariki head-dress (pare kura) of red feathers, symbolising the importance of the traditional rank system, and the name of the nation is on a scroll below the shield. The achievement is augmented by a cross and a Rarotongan club (momore taringavaru) used by orators during traditional discourses, respectively symbolizing Christianity and the richness of Cook Islands' tradition, placed in saltire behind the shield.

The coat of arms was designed by Mataiapo Metuakore Teremoana Ngametua Tutakiao Kora BEM, also known as Papa Motu Kora.

Achievement (heraldry)
In heraldry, an achievement, armorial achievement or heraldic achievement (historical: hatchment) is a full display or depiction of all the heraldic components to which the bearer of a coat of arms is entitled. An achievement comprises not only the arms displayed on the escutcheon, the central element, but also the following elements surrounding it (from top to bottom):

Slogan or war-cry, if possessed

Mantle and pavilion

Crest placed atop a:

Torse (or cap of maintenance as a special honour)

Mantling

Helm of appropriate variety; if holder of higher rank than a baronet, issuing from a:

Coronet or crown (not used by baronets), of  appropriate variety.

Console (decorative or aesthetic in purpose, and not officially part of the armorial grant)

Supporters (if the bearer is entitled to them, generally in modern usage not baronets), which may stand on a compartment

Motto, if possessed

Order, if possessed

Badge, if possessed
Lee Jang-soo
Lee Jang-soo (Korean: 이장수; born October 15, 1956) is a South Korean association football manager and a former player. he is the current technical director of Thai League 3 club  Khonkaen Mordindang. As a player, he had the distinction of being one of the first fully professional footballers to play in the newly formed Korean Super League in the inaugural 1983 league season, however it has been as a manager where he has distinguished himself particularly within China where he has gone on to twice win the Chinese FA Cup with Chongqing Lifan and Qingdao Beilaite. He has also achieved a successful spell back home within South Korea with FC Seoul when he won the K-League Cup, however he has continued to return to China where he was the manager of Chinese club Guangzhou Evergrande whose appointment also makes him the longest serving foreign coach within Chinese football.

Football in China
Football in China is administered by the Chinese Football Association. It does not include Hong Kong and Macau. In 2018, 21% of Chinese people said that basketball is their favourite sport, followed by association football with 17%.  In recent years, the popularity of association football grew harder than the popularity of basketball. 22% of Chinese people called basketball their favourite sport in 2022, followed by 21% for association football.
Cricket at the 2010 South Asian Games
Cricket was included for the first time at the 2010 South Asian Games, hosted by Dhaka, Bangladesh. A men's 20-over tournament was played from 31 January to 7 February 2010.

The tournament was contested by five of the eight members of the South Asian Sports Council, with squads restricted to players aged 21 or under. Two venues were used – the Shahid Kamruzzaman Stadium in Rajshahi and the Sher-e-Bangla National Stadium in Dhaka. Bangladesh, captained by Mithun Ali, defeated Sri Lanka in the final to claim the gold medal, while Pakistan defeated Nepal in a play-off for the bronze medal. The leading run-scorer at the tournament was Sri Lanka's Ashan Priyanjan (211 runs), while Bangladesh's Subashis Roy and Pakistan's Kamran Hussain were the joint leading wicket-takers, with 10 wickets each.

Subashis Roy
Subashis Roy (born 29 November 1988) is a Bangladeshi bowler who represents Sylhet Division in first-class and list A cricket and the Chittagong Vikings franchise in the Bangladesh Premier League. He is a right-handed batsman and right-arm fast medium bowler.
Thai tea
Thai tea (Thai: ชาไทย, RTGS: cha thai, pronounced [t͡ɕʰāː tʰāj]) is a Thai drink made from Ceylon black tea, milk, and sugar. Thai tea as consumed in Thailand is not typically brewed with spices, though many English language recipes inspired by Thai tea include ingredients such as star anise or cardamom to enhance the flavor. It is served either hot or cold. Thai tea is popular in Southeast Asia and is served in many restaurants that serve Thai food. When served cold it is known as Thai iced tea (ชาเย็น, cha yen, [t͡ɕʰāː jēn] ⓘ; lit. 'cold tea'). Although Thai tea normally refers to Thai iced tea, there are also other kinds of tea which can be referred to as Thai tea. For instance, the Thai traditional herbal tea which is formulated based on Thai traditional medicine can also be called Thai tea. Thai Oolong tea, which is oolong tea steamed with ginger (Zingiber officinale), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and celery, can also be referred to as Thai tea.

Illicium verum
Illicium verum (star anise or badian, Chinese star anise, star anise seed, star aniseed and star of anise) is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to South China and northeast Vietnam. Its star-shaped pericarp fruits harvested just before ripening are a spice that closely resembles anise in flavor. Its primary production country is China, followed by Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries. Star anise oil is highly fragrant, used in cooking, perfumery, soaps, toothpastes, mouthwashes, and skin creams. Until 2012, when they switched to using genetically modified E. coli, Roche Pharmaceuticals used up to 90% of the world's annual star anise crop to produce oseltamivir (Tamiflu) via shikimic acid.
2020 Lithuanian Baseball League
2020 Lithuanian Baseball League was the 34th annual edition of the Lithuanian Baseball League, organised by the Lithuanian Baseball Association. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania, only four teams participated in the championships, in comparison to usual 12 teams format. The finals were played on 12-13 September 2020.

Lukas Sirgėda representing Utenos Titanai was awarded as most valuable player of the season.

Lithuanian Baseball Association
The Lithuanian Baseball Association (Lithuanian: Lietuvos beisbolo asociacija) is the national governing body of baseball in Lithuania. The association was established in 1987 and joined the International Baseball Federation and the Confederation of European Baseball (today WBSC Europe) in 1991.

The Lithuanian Baseball Association is responsible for the national baseball team, the coed national Baseball5 team and overseeing the Lithuanian Baseball League.
Richard Bodkin
Richard Bodkin was the mayor of Galway from 1610 to 1611.

Bodkin was sworn into office on 29 September 1610. As Galway was granted a new charter on 18 December by James II, Bodkin appears to have been the first mayor to have a sword borne before him. The sword is the still property of the Galway Corporation. The title of bailiff, referring to the mayor's two deputies, was changed to sheriff, with the first two holders being Patrick Martyn and Christopher Bodkin.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.
Jean Luchaire
Jean Luchaire (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ lyʃɛʁ]; 21 July 1901 – 22 February 1946) was a French journalist and politician who became the head of the French collaborationist press in Paris during the German military occupation. Luchaire supported the Révolution nationale declared by the French Government after it relocated to the spa town of Vichy in 1940.

Wartime collaboration
Wartime collaboration is cooperation with the enemy against one's country of citizenship in wartime. As historian Gerhard Hirschfeld says, it "is as old as war and the occupation of foreign territory".

The term collaborator dates to the 19th century and was used in France during the Napoleonic Wars. The meaning shifted during World War II to designate traitorous collaboration with the enemy. The related term collaborationism is used by historians who restrict the term to a subset of ideological collaborators in Vichy France who actively promoted German victory.
UCAM Murcia CB
UCAM Murcia Club Baloncesto, S.A.D., more commonly referred to as UCAM Murcia, is a professional basketball club based in Murcia, Spain. The team plays in the Liga ACB and the FIBA Europe Cup. Their home venue is Palacio de Deportes. The team is owned and sponsored by the Spanish university Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM).

Sociedad Anónima Deportiva
Sociedad anónima deportiva ("Public limited sports company") is a special type of Spanish public limited company (known as sociedad anónima in Spain). The new legal status was introduced in 1990 to improve financial management and transparency in sports clubs. Many Spanish football and basketball clubs add the suffix S.A.D. to the end of their official name, for example Club Atlético de Madrid, S.A.D.

Every club which plays in La Liga, Segunda División or Liga ACB and remains in the league was obliged to convert to S.A.D. status. However, this obligation was eliminated in 2022.

For historical reasons, Athletic Club, FC Barcelona, Real Madrid and Osasuna were allowed to retain their status as non-commercial sports associations.