hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Titus Otacilius Crassus (praetor 217 BC)
Titus Otacilius Crassus was a Roman Praetor in 217 BC. He was commander of a fleet in Lilybaeum, that was led in a raid of Africa in 215 and 212 BCE. In 214 BCE Octacilius Crassus stood to obtain the consulship. However, Fabius Maximus critiqued Titus for lacking the necessary skills to serve as consul, depriving Crassus of his consulship. Instead, he received a second praetorship. Alongside a praetorship, Crassus may have been a pontif or augur. Eventually Titus would also go on to be governor of Sicilia. He commanded the Lilybaeum fleet from 213 BCE to 211 BCE, indecisively maneuvering against the Carthaginian admiral Bomilcar.

He died naturally in 211 BCE.

Crassus was a maternal half-brother of Marcus Claudius Marcellus.

Pontiff
In Roman antiquity, a pontiff (from Latin  pontifex) was a member of the most illustrious of the colleges of priests of the Roman religion, the College of Pontiffs. The term pontiff was later applied to any high or chief priest and, in Roman Catholic ecclesiastical usage, to bishops, especially the pope, who is sometimes referred to as the Roman pontiff or the supreme pontiff.
Elsie Widdowson
Elsie Widdowson CH CBE FRS (21 October 1906 – 14 June 2000), was a British dietitian and nutritionist. Alongside her research partner, Dr. Robert McCance (pediatrician, physiologist, biochemist, and nutritionist), they were responsible for overseeing the government-mandated addition of vitamins to food and wartime rationing in Britain during World War II.

British Nutrition Foundation
The British Nutrition Foundation is a British charity mainly funded by the food industry. It has been criticised for conflicts of interest, and for downplaying them. It presents itself to journalists, the public, and the government as independent, impartial, disinterested, and scientifically rigorous; its industry funders also promote this image.

The BNF has advocated for mandatory reporting of healthy food sales, and against public-health interventions that might harm food-industry profits, often using tobacco-industry techniques, such as creating unwarranted doubt and uncertainty around the scientific evidence.

In 2023, the BNF had an income of £1.5million, with an expenditure of £1.6million. £0.113million were spent on fundraising.
DIANA Mayer & Grammelspacher
DIANA Mayer & Grammelspacher is an air gun manufacturer founded and based in Rastatt, Germany. The company, named after Diana, the mythological goddess of the hunt, is best known for producing quality air rifles.

Rastatt
Rastatt (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaʃtat] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located in the Upper Rhine Plain, on the Murg River, 6 km (3.7 mi) above its junction with the Rhine. It has a Baroque core and a population of around 51,000 (2022). Rastatt was an important place during the War of the Spanish Succession (Treaty of Rastatt) and the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
Murariu
Murariu is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Claudea Murariu (born 1970), Romanian volleyball player

Elena Murariu (born 1963), Romanian painter and iconographer

Florică Murariu (1955–1989), Romanian rugby union player

Claudea Murariu
Claudea Murariu  (born (1970-11-17)17 November 1970) is a retired Romanian volleyball player. She was part of the Romania women's national volleyball team.

She participated at the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Brazil. On club level she played with Petrodava Piatra Neamt.
Hassan Khan (cricketer)
Mohammad Hassan Khan (born 16 October 1998) is a Pakistani-American cricketer. He made his List A debut on 21 April 2016 for Sindh against Balochistan in the 2016 Pakistan Cup. Prior to his debut, he was named in Pakistan's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his Twenty20 debut for Quetta Gladiators on 10 February 2017 in the 2017 Pakistan Super League. He made his first-class debut for Karachi Whites in the 2017–18 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy on 3 October 2017.

In December 2017, he was named as the captain of Pakistan's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.

In April 2018, he was named in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup.

On 3 June 2018, he was selected to play for the Edmonton Royals in the players' draft for the inaugural edition of the Global T20 Canada tournament.

He debuted for Melbourne Renegades in the BBL 2025/26 tournament.

Global T20 Canada
Global T20 Canada (GT20 Canada) is a professional Twenty20 cricket tournament that is played in Canada. The first edition of the tournament took place during June and July 2018 with six teams competing. Each team featured four local Canadian cricketers in each squad, along with international players. The inaugural tournament in 2018 took place at the Maple Leaf Cricket Club in King City, Ontario, while the 2019, 2023 and 2024 tournaments took place at the Brampton Sports Park in proximity to the TD Cricket Arena in Brampton, Ontario. The league was founded by Bombay Sports Limited.

Cricket Canada announced the termination of their contract with Bombay Sports Limited on December 2024.  The rights to the GT20 were acquired by Dallas-based National Cricket League in April 2025.
Louis George Harper
Louis George Harper (February 28, 1830 – April 16, 1884) was a prothonotary and political figure in Quebec. He represented Gaspé in the House of Commons of Canada from 1874 to 1875 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Cap-Santé, Lower Canada, the son of George Harper and Marie-Anne Piché. He was admitted to the Lower Canada bar in 1855 and practised at Quebec City and then Percé. In 1858, he was named prothonotary in the Quebec Superior Court. His election in 1874 was overturned after an appeal and John Short won the by-election which followed in 1875. In 1876, he was named magistrate for Gaspé district. Harper died at Percé at the age of 54.

Cap-Santé
Cap-Santé (French pronunciation: [kap sɑ̃te]) is a town in the Canadian province of Quebec. It is the county seat of Portneuf Regional County Municipality and was as well the county seat of the designated Portneuf County.

The name of the town means "Cape Health". Cap-Santé is on the northern bank of the Saint Lawrence River, 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Quebec City. Legend has it that this community's name was coined when soldiers suffering from an unknown disease miraculously recovered from a cure discovered in the village.

The old settlement is situated just west of the nearby Jacques-Cartier River and on the embankment of the Saint Lawrence River.
Junction tree algorithm
The junction tree algorithm (also known as 'Clique Tree')  is a method used in machine learning to extract marginalization in general graphs.  In essence, it entails performing belief propagation on a modified graph called a junction tree. The graph is called a tree because it branches into different sections of data; nodes of variables are the branches. The basic premise is to eliminate cycles by clustering them into single nodes. Multiple extensive classes of queries can be compiled at the same time into larger structures of data. There are different algorithms to meet specific needs and for what needs to be calculated. Inference algorithms gather new developments in the data and calculate it based on the new information provided.

Cycle (graph theory)
In graph theory, a cycle in a graph is a non-empty trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal. A directed cycle in a directed graph is a non-empty directed trail in which only the first and last vertices are equal.

A graph without cycles is called an acyclic graph. A directed graph without directed cycles is called a directed acyclic graph. A connected graph without cycles is called a tree.
Coracae
Coracae or Korakai (Ancient Greek: Κορακαί) was a town and polis (city-state) on the Pagasetic Gulf in Magnesia in ancient Thessaly. It is mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax as between Methone and Spalauthra. Earlier writers tried to equate the town with Korope, but that has not been generally accepted.

Coracae is noted in two inscriptions from Delphi of the fourth century BCE. It has been suggested that the town's location could have been on a hill called Nevestiki, near the current village of Lekonas, where remains of a fortification have been found, but that location has been suggested by others as the site of Methone.

Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax
The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax is an ancient Greek periplus (περίπλους períplous, 'circumnavigation') describing the sea route around the Mediterranean and Black Sea. It probably dates from the mid-4th century BC, specifically the 330s, and was probably written at or near Athens. Its author is often included among the ranks of 'minor' Greek geographers. There is only one manuscript available, which postdates the original work by over 1500 years.

The author's name is written Pseudo-Scylax or Pseudo-Skylax, often abbreviated as Ps.-Scylax or Ps.-Skylax.
Leesa Hagan
Leesa Wynn Hagan is an American politician from Georgia who serves in the Georgia House of Representatives for District 156. Her district includes Montgomery County, Toombs County and Wheeler County, as well as parts of Ben Hill County, Tattnall County and Telfair County. She was elected to represent the seat as a Republican in a special election on July 13, 2021.

Toombs County, Georgia
Toombs County is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,030. The county seat is Lyons and the largest city is Vidalia. The county was created on August 18, 1905.

Toombs County is part of the Vidalia micropolitan statistical area.
Jason Puracal
Jason Puracal (born May 31, 1977) is an American who was wrongly sentenced to serve 22 years in prison in Nicaragua on charges of drug trafficking, money laundering, and organized crime. Puracal's case went before the Appeals Court on August 16, 2012, nearly one year after his original conviction. On September 12, 2012, he was acquitted of all charges by the Appeals Court.

Many experts came forward supporting Puracal's innocence including the California Innocence Project, former DEA agent Thomas Cash, former Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada Irwin Cotler and Freedom Now founder and human rights attorney Jared Genser. Puracal's case is being managed by The David House Agency, an international crisis resource agency based in Los Angeles. On September 12, 2012 he was one of 12 people whose charges were vacated, according to his legal team and a judicial order signed.  As of September 14, 2012, he has left Nicaragua and returned to the U.S.

Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
The minister of justice and attorney general of Canada (French: ministre de la justice et procureur général du Canada) is a dual-role portfolio in the Canadian Cabinet.

The officeholder in the role of Minister of Justice (Ministre de la Justice) serves as the minister of the Crown responsible for the Department of Justice and the justice portfolio, and in the role of Attorney General (Procureur général), litigates on behalf of the Crown and serves as the chief legal advisor to the Government of Canada. (Though most prosecution functions of the attorney general have been assigned to the Public Prosecution Service of Canada. The attorney general is supported in this role by the director of public prosecutions, who is simultaneously the deputy attorney general.)
Biggins
Biggins is a surname of English origin. People with the name include:

Bob Biggins (born 1946), American politician from Illinois

Brian Biggins (1940–2006), English football player

Christopher Biggins (born 1948), English actor and television personality

Francis Joseph Biggins (1884–1962), English football player

Jonathan Biggins (born 1960), Australian actor, singer, writer, and comedian

Patrick Biggins, American politician

Steve Biggins (born 1954), English football player and coach

Wayne Biggins (born 1961), English football player

Wayne Biggins
Wayne Biggins (born 20 November 1961) is an English former professional footballer born in Sheffield who made more than 450 appearances in the Football League and also played in the Scottish Football League. He was a striker and was nicknamed "Bertie" throughout his career.
Tolkowsky
Tolkowsky or Tolkovsky (Hebrew: טולקובסקי) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dan Tolkowsky (1921–2025), Israeli commander

Denise Tolkowsky (1918–1991), English pianist and composer

Gabi Tolkowsky (1939–2023), Belgian-Israeli diamond cutter

Marcel Tolkowsky (1899–1991), Belgian diamond cutter

Shmuel Tolkowsky (1886–1965), Belgian-Israeli agronomist and diplomat

Shmuel Tolkowsky
Shmuel Tolkowsky (Hebrew: שמואל טולקובסקי; 27 June 1886 – 19 December 1965) was a Belgian-born agronomist, Zionist and Israeli diplomat. He became the assistant to Chaim Weizmann and Nachum Sokolov, two important leaders of the Zionist Movement. Shmuel Tolkowsky himself was the son-in-law of Yitzhak Goldberg, a founder of the Jewish Foundation Fund.

He was born in Antwerp, Belgium, and during World War I he was in the Belgian Army and moved to London with his wife. Two daughters were born in London. His son Dan Tolkowsky was born in Tel Aviv in 1921.

He emigrated to Mandatory Palestine. He began serving as Israeli Consul General in Switzerland in 1949 until he was promoted to Minister in 1951.
Hanco Germishuys
Hanco Jacobus Germishuys (born August 24, 1996) is a South African born American rugby union player who plays as a flanker for the Houston SaberCats in Major League Rugby (MLR) and for the United States national rugby union team internationally.

He previously played for Rugby United New York (RUNY) and the LA Giltinis in MLR.

Germishuys has also represented the United States at the international level with multiple age-grade sides and with the USA Selects.

Germishuys also previously played professionally for the Denver Stampede of PRO Rugby.

Denver Stampede
The Denver Stampede were an American rugby union team that played in the short lived PRO Rugby competition. The Stampede was one of the five teams that began play in PRO Rugby's 2016 inaugural season. The team played its home matches at the University of Denver's CIBER Field. The team was led by head coach Sean O'Leary and captain Pedrie Wannenburg.
Toni Shaw
Toni Stephanie Shaw (born 5 August 2003) is a British Paralympic swimmer. In 2019 she set the world record time for the S9 200m butterfly, and was also part of the team that set a new world record for the 4 × 100 m medley relay. At the 2020 Summer Paralympics, she won a bronze medal in the women's 400 metre freestyle S9 event and later went on to win gold at the 2022 World Para Swimming Championships, becoming the World Champion. She is a three-time World Champion and two-time European Champion.

Para swimming
Para swimming is an adaptation of the sport of swimming for athletes with disabilities. Para swimmers compete at the Summer Paralympic Games and at other sports competitions throughout the world. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC). Both men and women compete in para swimming, racing against competitors of their own gender.
2017 Honduran Cup
The 2017 Honduran Cup was the 12th edition of the Honduran Cup and the third as Copa Presidente. The cup is a creation of the Honduran government funded by money allocated to national security fund.  Its purpose is to support the growth of sport to detract the youth from vices and to promote national tourism for rural towns.

The cup was contested by 64 teams from the top 3 divisions of the country.  There were a total of 10 teams from Liga Nacional (1st division), 27 from Liga de Ascenso (2nd division) and 27 from Liga Mayor (3rd division).  Unlike the previous tournament which covered two calendar years, this edition was played in 2017 only.

Juticalpa were the defending champions, but they were eliminated in the round of 16 by Deportes Savio.

The final was held at Estadio Juan Ramón Brevé Vargas in Juticalpa, Olancho. C.D. Marathón as winners, qualified to the 2017 Honduran Supercup.

Olancho Department
Olancho is the largest of all the 18 departments into which Honduras is divided. The department covers a total surface area of 24,057 km2 (9,288 sq mi) and has an estimated 2015 population of 537,306 inhabitants.

The departmental capital is Juticalpa, which is also the see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Juticalpa, which covers the department.
Winston Earle
Winston Earle is a Jamaican retired footballer. After beginning his career in Jamaica with Santos, he came to the United States and from 1968 to 1975 played with several teams in the North American Soccer League and the American Soccer League. He played for the Baltimore Bays of the NASL, the Syracuse Scorpions, the Rochester Lancers, the Baltimore Bays of the ASL, and finally the Baltimore Comets.  He then coached collegiate soccer, as a head coach at Bay College of Maryland, Baltimore Community College, Morgan State, and Coppin State, and as an assistant at Johns Hopkins.

Baltimore City Community College
Baltimore City Community College (BCCC) is a public community college in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the only community college in the city and the only state-sponsored community college in the state. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE). It was founded in 1947 and has about 5,000 students enrolled in one of its campuses.
Modern Indian painting
The modern Indian art movement in Indian painting is considered to have begun in Calcutta in the late nineteenth century. The old traditions of painting had more or less died out in Bengal and new schools of art were started by the British. Initially, protagonists of Indian art such as Raja Ravi Varma drew on Western traditions and techniques including oil paint and easel painting. A reaction to the Western influence led to a revival in primitivism, called as the Bengal school of art, which drew from the rich cultural heritage of India. It was succeeded by the Santiniketan school, led by Rabindranath Tagore's harking back to idyllic rural folk and rural life. Despite its country-wide influence in the early years, the importance of the school declined by the 'forties' and now it is as good as dead.

A. Ramachandran
Achutan Ramachandran Nair (1935 – 10 February 2024) was an Indian painter. He was born in Attingal, Kerala. In 2002 he was elected a Fellow of the Lalit Kala Akademi, the national academy of fine arts. In 2005 he was awarded the Padma Bhushan, India's third highest civilian honour, for outstanding service to the nation. In 2013 he was conferred with an honorary doctorate by Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala. By 2024 there had been at least thirty-two solo exhibitions of Ramachandran's paintings, sculptures, watercolours, graphics and drawings in major Indian cities. Outside India there have been exhibitions of his works held in Singapore, New York, London and Seoul.
Amira Ben Chaabane
Amira Ben Chaabane  (Arabic: أميرة بن شعبان; born 29 May 1990) is a Tunisian sabre fencer; gold medallist at the 2010 African Fencing Championships. She qualified to the individual event of the 2012 Summer Olympics as one of the best top-ranked fencers of the African zone.  She was defeated 15-12 in the first round by Chen Xiaodong of China.  In 2019, she won the African Fencing Championships again.

She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
Ice hockey in the Philippines
Ice hockey in the Philippines is among the winter sports played in the Southeast Asian nation. Due to its climate, ice hockey in the Philippines are limited to artificial ice rinks often hosted inside shopping malls. The Federation of Ice Hockey League maintains both a men's and a women's national team.

Philippine Hockey League
The Philippine Hockey League (PHL) is the national ice hockey league in the Philippines which operates under regulations of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). The inaugural season started in October 2018.

The Philippine Minor Hockey League serves as the developmental league of the PHL.
Daicos
Daicos is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Josh Daicos (born 1998), Australian rules footballer

Nick Daicos (born 2003), Australian rules footballer

Peter Daicos (born 1961), Australian rules footballer

Peter Daicos
Peter Daicos (born 20 September 1961) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played his entire 250-game career with the Collingwood Football Club in the VFL/AFL.

Daicos is considered one of Collingwood's greatest ever players thanks to his brilliant 549-goal, 15-year career that earned him entry into the Australian Football Hall of Fame. His honours include the 1990 AFL premiership with Collingwood, and the 1991 Goal of the Year. He also represented his home state of Victoria a total of five times.

Daicos was named in Collingwood's Team of the Century in the forward pocket, led the club's goalkicking for five seasons, and won the best-and-fairest award twice.
Lippe Uplands
The Lippe Uplands (German: Lipper Bergland, pronounced [ˈlɪpɐ ˈbɛʁkˌlant] ⓘ, or Lippisches Bergland [ˈlɪpɪʃəs -]) is a range of hills in Ostwestfalen-Lippe within the administrative district of Detmold in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Detmold (administrative region)
Regierungsbezirk Detmold (German pronunciation: [ˈdɛtmɔlt]) is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-east of the state. It is congruent with the (cultural) region of Ostwestfalen-Lippe (OWL, East Westphalia–Lippe).

The Regierungsbezirk was created in 1947 when the former state of Lippe was incorporated into North Rhine-Westphalia by merging the former Regierungsbezirk Minden with the territory of the Free State of Lippe. The Regierungsbezirk Minden dates back to 1815, when the class of administrative regions Regierungsbezirke was initially created.
Eduard Hulordava
Eduard Hulordava (Ukrainian: Едуард Гулордава; born on 11 December 1989) is a retired Ukrainian footballer who played as a defender for Atlant-Vagonobudivelnik-Kremin in 2005 and for FC Kremin Kremenchuk in the Druha Liha B franchise from 2006 to 2008.

Ukrainian Second League
The Ukrainian Second League (Ukrainian: Друга ліга, Druha Liha) is a professional football league in Ukraine which is part of the Professional Football League of Ukraine, a collective member of the Ukrainian Association of Football. As the third tier it was established in 1992 as the Transitional League and changed its name the next season.

The league is lower than the Ukrainian First League (Persha Liha) and the lowest level of professional football competitions in the country. Since 1996 the league, after being merged with its lower tier (in 1992–1995 there was the Third League), consists of two main regions roughly north-west and south-east. The league's relegated teams lose their professional status and return to their regional associations.