hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Josef Menges
Jakob Josef Menges (7 October 1850– 4 January 1910) was a German explorer, naturalist, zoologist, cartographer, trader and author. During the 1870s and until the end of the 19th century, Menges undertook commercial and scientific expeditions in Northeast Africa and the Horn of Africa.

His routes took him through the Turco-Egyptian Sudan, the interior of British Somaliland and Abyssinia in modern-day Ethiopia. To fund his journeys, Menges published travel and research reports on the region's geography, zoology and ethnology in German scientific journals. Later in life, he focused on animal trading, supplying exotic animals to European zoos, as well as facilitating human shows of Somali people in Europe.

Carl Hagenbeck
Carl Hagenbeck (10 June 1844 – 14 April 1913) was a German merchant of wild animals who supplied many European zoos, as well as P. T. Barnum.  He created the modern zoo with animal enclosures without bars that were closer to their natural habitat. He was also an ethnography showman and a pioneer in the display of members of "savage tribes" in Völkerschauen, known nowadays in English as "ethnic shows" or "human zoos". These racist displays were controversial at the time and are now widely considered unethical. The transformation of the zoo architecture initiated by him is known as the Hagenbeck revolution. Hagenbeck founded Germany's most successful privately owned zoo, the Tierpark Hagenbeck, which moved to its present location in Hamburg's Stellingen district in 1907.
Hugh Troy
Hugh Charles Troy, Jr. (1906–1964) was a US painter who is noted for his pranks.

Troy was a son of a Cornell University dairy professor of the same name, and both father and son were members of the Quill and Dagger society. Troy attended Cornell as an architecture student from 1922 to 1927, although he was suspended without receiving a degree due to a particular joke that offended the administration. Although many of his practical jokes on campus are legendary, university historians have been unable to prove their truthfulness and some suspect the majority of his tales to be exaggerated or entirely fabricated. After serving in the military in World War II (under Gen. Curtis LeMay), he made his living as an illustrator for books and magazines, authoring three children's stories. He died in 1964.

Quill and Dagger
Quill and Dagger is a senior honor society at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. It was founded in 1893 for men-only but later began admitting women. In 1929, The New York Times stated that election into Quill and Dagger constituted "the highest non-scholastic honor within reach of undergraduates."
Fort (Mumbai precinct)
Fort is a business and art Subdistrict in the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. The area gets its name after the erstwhile defensive fort, Bombay Fort and its annexe Fort George, built by the British East India Company around Bombay Castle.

The area extends from the docks in the east, to Azad Maidan in the west; Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus in the north to Kala Ghoda in the south. This area is the heart of the financial markets of the city & multiple British era structures are located in this neighbourhood.

Azad Maidan
Azad Maidan (formerly known as Bombay Gymkhana Maidan) is a triangular-shaped maidan (sports ground) in the city of Mumbai, India. It is located on 25 acres (10 ha) of land near the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus station. It is a regular venue for inter-school cricket matches. The name Azad means "liberty" in Persian. The ground is known for its cricket pitches, for protest meetings, and for political rallies. The Bombay Gymkhana clubhouse was built in 1875, at the southern end of the maidan. Every year, Sunni Annual Ijtema is held at Azad Maidan.
Amber Agar
Amber Agha, also credited as Amber Agar or Amber Aga, is an English actress, best known for her role in the British television series Murder City and her supporting role in Shakespeare & Hathaway: Private Investigators.

Soho Theatre
Soho Theatre is a theatre and registered charity primarily based in the Soho district of the City of Westminster, with auxiliary facilities at Soho Theatre Walthamstow in north-east London. It produces and presents new works of theatre, together with comedy and cabaret, across three performance spaces.

The theatre has established itself as a vital launchpad for new artists and offers commissions, attachments and residencies for both emerging and established writers. It has launched the careers of numerous screenwriters and comedians in theatre, film, TV and radio.

The theatre's programme is a mix of comedy, cabaret and theatre, with a particular focus on new writing and alternative comedy.
The Sunset Limited (film)
The Sunset Limited is a 2011 American drama television film directed by Tommy Lee Jones, who also stars with Samuel L. Jackson. It was the duo's second collaboration, after the 2000 film Rules of Engagement. The screenplay was written by Cormac McCarthy, based on his 2006 play of the same name.

The film is about the relationship between a Christian African American who has a positive view of life and a nihilistic white man with a very negative view.

The film aired on HBO on February 12, 2011, and received generally favorable reviews.

Rules of Engagement (film)
Rules of Engagement is a 2000 American war legal drama film directed by William Friedkin, written by Stephen Gaghan,  from a story by Jim Webb, and starring Tommy Lee Jones and Samuel L. Jackson. Jackson plays U.S. Marine Colonel Terry Childers, who is brought to court-martial after Marines under his orders kill several civilians outside the U.S. embassy in Yemen.
Defence industry of Australia
The defence industry of Australia provides military equipment, supplies and services for the Australian Defence Force (ADF) and export customers. Definitions of what the defence industry comprises and estimates of its size differ, but it was believed to have employed between 12,000 and 29,000 people as of the mid-2010s. The industry has grown over recent years, and Australian Defence Magazine reported that the 40 largest companies had a total revenue of $A 9.2 billion in 2015.

Australian Strategic Policy Institute
35°18′28″S 149°08′08″E﻿ / ﻿35.30790°S 149.13559°E﻿ / -35.30790; 149.13559

The Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI) is a defence and strategic policy think tank based in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, founded by the Australian government, and funded by the Australian Department of Defence along with overseas governments, defence, and technology companies.
Dave Arnold
Dave Arnold (born 1971) is the founder and president of the Museum of Food and Drink (MOFAD); the host of the radio show Cooking Issues; an owner of Booker and Dax, a food and drink research lab in New York; a food science writer and editor; the author of Liquid Intelligence: The Art & Science of the Perfect Cocktail; and an innovator in the field of culinary technology.

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
Adhar Valash
Adhar Valash was an Iranian prince from the House of Karen, who ruled Tabaristan and Gurgan under the authority of the last Sasanian emperor Yazdegerd III (r. 632–651).

The name of Adhar Valash is a combination of ādur/ādar ("fire") and the personal name of Walāxš (also spelled Walākhsh). A descendant of the prominent 6th-century statesman Bozorgmehr, Adhar Valash had been given control over the provinces during the Arab conquest of Iran. Not long after, his domain was threatened by the Gil Gavbara, a great-grandson of the 5th-century Sasanian ruler Jamasp (r. 496–498). Adhar Valash requested the aid of Yazdegerd III, who, however, after being informed of Gil Gavbara's Sasanian descent, ordered Adhar Valash to submit to the latter. Some time afterwards, Adhar Valash died during a game of polo after falling from his horse. A grandson of Adhar Valash, also named Valash, ruled Tabaristan from 665 to 673.

Hyrcania
Hyrcania (/hərˈkeɪniə/; Greek: Ὑρκανία Hyrkanía, Old Persian: 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 Varkâna, Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 Gurgān, Akkadian: Urqananu) is a historical region composed of the land south-east of the Caspian Sea in modern-day Iran and Turkmenistan, bound in the south by the Alborz mountain range and the Kopet Dag in the east.

The region served as a satrapy (province) of the Median Empire, a sub-province of the Achaemenid Empire, and a province within its successors, the Seleucid, Arsacid and Sasanian empires. Hyrcania bordered Parthia to the east (later known as Abarshahr), Dihistan to the north, Media to the south and Mardia to the west.
Ishøj Gymnasium
Ishøj Gymnasium was a secondary school located in Ishøj near Copenhagen, Denmark.

The school was originally run by the County of Copenhagen, but was acquired by a private organization, CPH West, in 2007. When CPH West merged with Copenhagen Technical College to form NEXT Uddannelse København in 2016, the school was dissolved. Today, the campus is known as Sydkysten Gymnasium.

Copenhagen Technical College
NEXT Education Copenhagen former Copenhagen Technical College (Danish: NEXT Uddannelse København or just NEXT, former Københavns Tekniske Skole, KTS) is a school of secondary education in Copenhagen, Denmark. The school offers educational programmes within the technical sciences on a secondary level to post-primary youth, Higher Technical Examination Programme (HTX), and supplementary courses for adults seeking to maintain qualifications (AMU). It is an independent self-owning institution under the Danish state, managed by a board composed of members from the business community in conjunction with a rector that oversees day-to-day operations. It occupies nine locations in the Greater Copenhagen area with the headquarters being located in Valby.
Mackenzie River (1908 ship)
The Mackenzie River was a steamship built by the Hudson's Bay Company, to transport passengers and cargo on the river of the same name.

She was designed in 1906, and completed and launched in 1908.  From 1908 to 1923 she mainly served the route from the portage on the Slave River, at Fort Smith, across Great Slave Lake, and down the Mackenzie River to Aklavik, in its delta. Mothballed for a few years starting in 1923, she was returned to service in 1929. During World War II she helped supply American construction troops building the Canol pipeline.

During 1953-1954 she was being used as a floating bunkhouse for fishermen on Great Slave Lake and Hay River.

Aklavik
Aklavik /əˈklævɪk/ (Inuvialuktun: Akłarvik) (from the Inuvialuktun meaning barrenground grizzly place) is a hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Until 1961, with a population over 1,500, the community served as the regional administrative centre for the territorial government.

Because of repeated flooding in this area, the government developed Inuvik 63 km (39 mi) to the east. It was meant to entirely replace Aklavik, but many of the residents of the original community persevered and kept Aklavik going. Its 2018 population was 623. The hamlet's mayor is Andrew Charlie.
Canton of Tournefeuille
The canton of Tournefeuille is an administrative division of the Haute-Garonne department, southern France. Its borders were not modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Tournefeuille.

It consists of the following communes:

Cugnaux

Tournefeuille

Villeneuve-Tolosane

Haute-Garonne
Haute-Garonne (French pronunciation: [ot ɡaʁɔn]; Occitan: Nauta Garona, pronounced [ˈnawto ɡaˈɾuno]; Upper Garonne) is a department in the southwestern French region of Occitanie. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country's fourth-largest. In 2019, it had a population of 1,400,039.
Card Walker
Esmond Cardon Walker (January 9, 1916 – November 28, 2005), commonly known as E. Cardon Walker or Card Walker, was an American businessman who served as a top executive at Walt Disney Productions from the 1960s through the 1980s. He was born in Rexburg, Idaho.

Rexburg, Idaho
Rexburg is a city in Madison County, Idaho, United States.  The population was 39,409 at the 2020 census.  The city is the county seat of Madison County and its largest city.  Rexburg is the principal city of the Rexburg micropolitan area, which includes Fremont and Madison counties. The city is home to Brigham Young University–Idaho (BYU-Idaho), a private institution operated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Back Here on Earth
Back Here On Earth is Canadian singer Gordon Lightfoot's fourth studio album, released in 1968 on the United Artists label.

Apart from his eponymous debut album and final album (Solo), it is Lightfoot's only studio album not to derive its title from a song on the album. Back Here on Earth was Lightfoot's last studio recording on the United Artists label which he left after releasing the live album Sunday Concert in 1969.

Bear Family Records reissued Lightfoot's previous album, Did She Mention My Name, together with this album, Back Here on Earth, as a 2-in-1 CD in 1993. It included as a bonus track a recording of "Spin, Spin" which did not appear on any of Lightfoot's original studio albums, though a John Court production of it was released as a single in 1966. The version on the Bear Family Records reissue is tagged (New York remake version) and was produced by John Simon.

United Artists Records
United Artists Records was an American record label founded by Max E. Youngstein of United Artists in 1957 to issue movie soundtracks. The label expanded into other genres, such as easy listening, jazz, pop, and R&B.
Kennedy Club
Kennedy Club is a 2019 Indian Tamil language sports film written and directed by Suseenthiran. The film was produced by D. N. Thaisaravanan under the banner of Nallusamy Pictures. Sasikumar, Bharathiraja and Meenakshi Govindarajan plays the lead roles. The cinematography and editing was handled by R. B. Gurudev and Antony, respectively. D. Imman composed music for the film.

The film was theatrically released on 22 August 2019.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Tom Means
Thomas Means (birthdate unknown) was a Negro leagues pitcher for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League.

Means shows up on teams lists for the Chicago Unions and Chicago Union Giants from 1900 to 1904, and then again in 1908.

He played for at least one season for the St. Paul Colored Gophers, in 1907.

He played with some popular players of the day, including Clarence Lytle, Home Run Johnson, Mike Moore, Johnny Davis, William Binga, and Sherman Barton.

Chicago Union Giants
Chicago Union Giants, were a Negro league baseball team that competed independently in Illinois and the surrounding states during the first half of the 20th century.

The team was originally formed in 1901 by Frank Leland via a merge of players from the Chicago Unions and the Chicago Columbia Giants. In 1904, W. S. Peters, the manager of the Chicago Unions and Leland's old teammate and business partner, organized a competing Union Giants team. Leland objected to Peters' use of the name and threatened to take the matter to the courts. Before the 1905 season however, Leland instead renamed his team the Leland Giants which allowed Peters to use the Union Giants name without opposition.

Starting with the 1905 season, W.S. Peters' team was known as Peters’ Union Giants but more often, were simply called the Chicago Union Giants. Peters, followed by his son, Frank Peters, kept the Chicago Union Giants going until the 1940s.
Mong Kok Tsui
22°19′05″N 114°10′04″E﻿ / ﻿22.31798°N 114.16775°E﻿ / 22.31798; 114.16775
Mong Kok Tsui (Chinese: 芒角嘴 or 旺角嘴) was a cape located in the western portion of present-day Mong Kok, Hong Kong. It is located near where Shantung Street and Nelson Street situate. Infilling and levelling of hills absorb the cape in the early 20th Century

The name of Mong Kok Tsui was gradually eclipsed by Mong Kok, as reflected by Mong Kok Tsui Market which was later renamed Mong Kok Market.

Cape
A cape is a clothing accessory or a sleeveless outer garment of any length that hangs loosely and connects either at the neck or shoulders. They usually cover the back, shoulders, and arms. They come in a variety of styles and have been used throughout history for many different reasons.
Bigyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron
In geometry, the bigyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron is one of the Johnson solids (J79). It can be constructed as a rhombicosidodecahedron with two pentagonal cupolae rotated through 36 degrees, and a third pentagonal cupola removed. (None of the cupolae can be adjacent.)

A Johnson solid is one of 92 strictly convex polyhedra that are composed of regular polygon faces but are not uniform polyhedra (that is, they are not Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, prisms, or antiprisms). They were named by Norman Johnson, who first listed these polyhedra in 1966.

Regular polygon
In Euclidean geometry, a regular polygon is a polygon that is direct equiangular (all angles are equal in measure) and equilateral (all sides have the same length). Regular polygons may be either convex or star. In the limit, a sequence of regular polygons with an increasing number of sides approximates a circle, if the perimeter or area is fixed, or a regular apeirogon (effectively a straight line), if the edge length is fixed.
Barzilai
Barzilai is a Hebrew surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gad Barzilai (born 1958), Israeli professor of law, political science and international studies

Judah ben Barzilai, 12th century Catalan Talmudist

Netta Barzilai (born 1993), Israeli singer, recording artist and looping artist

Nir Barzilai (born 1955), founding director of the Institute for Aging Research

Salvatore Barzilai (1860–1939), Italian journalist and politician

Shmuel Barzilai (born 1957), Israeli cantor

Yisrael Barzilai (1913−1970), Israeli politician and government minister

Judah ben Barzillai
Judah ben Barzillai (Albargeloni) was a Catalan Talmudist of the end of the 11th and the beginning of the 12th century. Almost nothing is known of his life. He came of a very distinguished family, on account of which he was not seldom called "ha-Nasi" (the prince), a title of honor borne also by his descendants in Barcelona.

It is very doubtful if Judah was a pupil of Isaac ben Reuben, as some have asserted; nor can the names of his own pupils, and whether Abraham ben Isaac of Lunel (RABaD II) was among them, be determined. It is certain that Abraham ben Isaac knew Judah personally and consulted him in difficult cases. Judah once had a controversy with his learned fellow citizen Abraham ben Ḥiyya. The latter, it seems, tried to postpone a wedding because the stars displayed unfavorable omens, while Judah held such a course to be contrary to law, since the regarding of omens is forbidden in the Scriptures.
Itaú (Chile)
Itaú Chile is a Chilean commercial bank that is the subsidiary of Brazilian Itaú Unibanco. As of 2023, the bank had 168 branches in Chile and 68 branches in Colombia. Itaú Corpbanca is headquartered in Santiago and has offices in Lima, Madrid, Miami and New York City.

Commercial bank
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans to its clients to make a profit.

It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with wholesale banking to corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks. Commercial banks include private sector banks and public sector banks. However, central banks function differently from commercial banks, despite a common misconception known as the "bank analogy". Unlike commercial banks, central banks are not primarily focused on generating profits and cannot become insolvent in the same way as commercial banks in a fiat currency system.
Outline of video games
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to video games:

Video game – an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. The word video in video game traditionally referred to a raster display device, but following popularization of the term "video game", it now implies any type of display device.

Electronic game
An electronic game is a game that uses electronics to create an interactive system with which a player can play. Video games are the most common form today, and for this reason the two terms are often used interchangeably. There are other common forms of electronic games, including handheld electronic games, standalone arcade game systems (e.g. pinball, slot machines), and exclusively non-visual products (e.g. audio games).
Michel Denis
Michel Denis (born May 1, 1941, Boulogne-Billancourt) is a French jazz and blues drummer.

Denis played early in his career with the Roman Dixieland Jazz Band, and worked extensively with dixieland and swing musicians such as Don Byas, Dominique Chanson, Bill Coleman, Michel De Villers, Earl Hines, Stuff Smith, and Rex Stewart. After Memphis Slim moved to Paris, Denis joined his band, working with him for eighteen years; concurrently, he also played as a sideman for Paul Gonsalves, Johnny Griffin, Claude Guilhot, John Lee Hooker, Michel Sardaby, T-Bone Walker, and Big Joe Williams. In the 1970s he played with Dany Doriz extensively. In 1981 he joined François Rilhac's Harlem Jazz ensemble, and later worked with Peter Compo and Philippe Milanta, the latter accompanying Spanky Wilson.

Don Byas
Carlos Wesley "Don" Byas (October 21, 1912 – August 24, 1972) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist, associated with swing and bebop. He played with Count Basie, Duke Ellington, Art Blakey, and Dizzy Gillespie, among others, and also led his own band. He lived in Europe for the last 26 years of his life.