hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brian Brown (racing driver)
Brian K. Brown (born October 19, 1978) is an American professional dirt track racing driver who primarily competes in sprint car racing such as the World of Outlaws for his team Brian Brown Racing. He is a five-time track champion at Knoxville Raceway with four in the 410 sprint car class and one in the 360 division.

Brown has also competed in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series and Superstar Racing Experience.

Knoxville Raceway
Knoxville Raceway is a semi-banked half-mile dirt oval raceway (zook clay) located at the Marion County Fairgrounds in Knoxville, Iowa.  Races at the "Sprint Car Capital of the World" are held on Saturday nights from April through September each year. Some special events such as the Knoxville Nationals, 360 Knoxville Nationals and Late Model Knoxville Nationals are multi-day events. Weekly racing events at the track features multiple classes of sprint cars including 410 cubic inch, 360 cubic inch and Pro Sprints (previously 305 cubic inch). Each August, the Raceway holds the paramount sprint car event in the United States, the Knoxville Nationals. The track is governed by the 24-member fair board elected by Marion County residents.
Reina Victoria Eugenia-class battleship
The Reina Victoria Eugenia class was a class of three battleships of the Spanish Navy authorized as the Plan de la Segunda Escuadra under the Navy Law of 1913. The class, as well as the lead ship, were named for King Alfonso XIII's English queen consort, Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg. The other two ships were classified as "B" and "C". It was supposed to be designed by Vickers-Armstrongs, and built by John Brown. The ships were never built due to Britain's involvement in World War I, which halted all foreign projects being constructed in British yards.

Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg
Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena of Battenberg (24 October 1887 – 15 April 1969), commonly known as Ena, was Queen of Spain as the wife of King Alfonso XIII from their marriage on 31 May 1906 until 14 April 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed.

A princess of the Grand Duchy of Hesse by birth, she was a member of the Battenberg family, a morganatic branch of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt. She was the youngest granddaughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Unlike most members of the Battenberg family, who bore the style of Serene Highness, Victoria Eugenie was born with the style of Highness, by virtue of a royal warrant issued by Queen Victoria in 1886. Prior to her marriage, she was elevated to the style of Royal Highness by her uncle, King Edward VII.
Ray Urban
Raymond J. Urban (born c. 1938) is an American former football coach. He served as the head football coach at Eureka College in Eureka, Illinois for five seasons, from 1969 to 1973, compiling a record of 14–26–2.

Urban began coaching in 1955, while serving in the United States Marine Corps, at Twentynine Palms, California and Okinawa. He was a backfield coach at the University of Illinois from 1963 to 1964 under Pete Elliott. He then was the varsity football line coach at Lincoln High School in Lincoln, Illinois from 1965 to 1968. Urban earned a Master of Science degree in physical education from the University of Illinois. In addition to coacing, he was an assistant professor of physical education at Eureka before resigning in 1974.

Lincoln, Illinois
Lincoln is a city in and the county seat of Logan County, Illinois, United States. First settled in the 1830s, it is the only town in the U.S. that was named for Abraham Lincoln before he became president; as a lawyer, he pled cases in courtrooms there from 1847 to 1859. Lincoln is home to two prisons. It is also the home of the world's largest covered wagon and numerous other historical sites along the Route 66 corridor. There is also a National Weather Service Forecast Office in Lincoln.

The population was 13,288 at the 2020 census.
N3krozoft Ltd
N3krozoft Ltd /ˈnɛkroʊsɒft/, previously N3krozoft Mord or N3kr0z0ft, is a transnational electronic art group founded in the early 1990s. The group has experimented with the intersection of technology, information and arts, exploiting the creative potential of, what was then, the new media technologies of CD-ROM, multimedia, live audiovisual jamming, and computer-generated video installations.

Their work has been exhibited widely in international festivals, such as Viper (Basel, 2003), April Meetings (Belgrade, 2004), read_me festival (Aarhus, 2004), Bucharest Biennale (Bucharest, 2006), Art+Communication 8 (Riga, 2006) , Sónar (Barcelona, 2008).

The group's name is a coinage that combines "necro-" with "Microsoft", thus linking information technology with death, the particular spelling relating both to l33t hacker-slang and kabbalistic numerology.

Electronic art
Electronic art is a form of art that makes use of electronic media. More broadly, it refers to technology and/or electronic media. It is related to information art, new media art, video art, digital art, interactive art, internet art, and electronic music. It is considered an outgrowth of conceptual art and systems art.
Hough Glacier
Hough Glacier (78°32′S 84°20′W﻿ / ﻿78.533°S 84.333°W﻿ / -78.533; -84.333) is a glacier in central Doyran Heights in the Sentinel Range of Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica, rising just south of Mount Tuck and flowing east-southeast for 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) between Guerrero Glacier and Remington Glacier. It was first mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1957–59, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for William S. Hough, who made ionosphere studies at South Pole Station in 1957.

Ellsworth Mountains
The Ellsworth Mountains are the highest mountain ranges in Antarctica, forming a 350 km (217 mi) long and 48 km (30 mi) wide chain of mountains in a north to south configuration on the western margin of the Ronne Ice Shelf in Marie Byrd Land. They are bisected by Minnesota Glacier to form the Sentinel Range to the north and the Heritage Range to the south. The former is by far the higher and more spectacular with Mount Vinson (4,892 meters (16,050 ft)) constituting the highest point on the continent. The mountains are located within the Chilean Antarctic territorial claim but outside of the Argentinian and British ones.
Guignardia
Guignardia is a genus of fungi in the family Botryosphaeriaceae.

The genus name of Guignardia is in honour of Jean Louis Léon Guignard (1852–1928), who was a French pharmacist and botanist.

The genus was circumscribed by Pierre Viala and Louis Etienne Ravaz in Bull. Soc. Mycol. France vol.8, issue 63 on page 177 in 1892.

Pierre Viala
Pierre Viala (24 September 1859 in Lavérune – 11 February 1936) was a French scientist.

In 1901–1910 he and Victor Vermorel published Ampélographie. Traité général de viticulture, a seven-volume ampelography of 3,200 pages describing 5,200 grape varieties.

He has been honoured in the naming of 2 taxa of fungi;
Vialaea by Pier Andrea Saccardo in 1896 (Vialaeaceae family)
Vialina by Mario Curzi in 1935, which is now a synonym of Phoma Sacc., 1880.
John Hart (doctor)
John Hart (October 13, 1751  – April 27, 1836) was an American surgeon originally from Ipswich, Massachusetts who served as a Regimental Surgeon during the American Revolution. Following the Battles of Lexington and Concord, he left his medical practice in Georgetown (now Bath) Maine to serve his newly forming country in his home state of Massachusetts.

Ipswich, Massachusetts
Ipswich is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,785 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Home to Willowdale State Forest and Sandy Point State Reservation, Ipswich includes the southern part of Plum Island. A residential community with a vibrant tourism industry, the town is famous for its clams, celebrated annually at the Ipswich Chowderfest, and for Crane Beach, a barrier beach near the Crane estate. Ipswich was incorporated as a town in 1634.
Pucaraju (Huari)
Pucaraju (possibly from Quechua puka red, rahu snow, ice, mountain with snow, "red snow-covered mountain") is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 m (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Ancash Region, Huari Province, Huari District. Pucaraju lies on a ridge east of Jacabamba.

Department of Ancash
Ancash (Quechua: Anqash; Spanish: Áncash pronounced [ˈaŋkaʃ]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's west, it is bordered by the departments of La Libertad on the north, Huánuco and Pasco on the east, Lima on the south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Huaraz, and its largest city and port is Chimbote.
Arboretum de la Cude
47°43′N 6°16′E﻿ / ﻿47.72°N 6.26°E﻿ / 47.72; 6.26

The Arboretum de la Cude (5 hectares) is a private arboretum located about 1 km outside Mailleroncourt-Charette, Haute-Saône, Franche-Comté, France. It is open daily; an admission fee is charged.

The arboretum was established in 1995 on a site under family ownership since 1880, which had been at various times a fruit orchard and a plantation of Pseudotsuga menziesii. Today it contains about 3,000 trees and bushes representing 450 species from all continents, including a good specimen of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (planted 1900), as well as Araucaria, Ceratostigma willmottianum, × Chitalpa tashkentensis, Choisya ternata, Decaisnea fargesii, Ginkgo biloba, Koelreuteria paniculata, Leycesteria formosa, Ptelea trifoliata, Sequoia, Skimmia japonica, and Zelkova carpinifolia.

× Chitalpa
×Chitalpa is an intergeneric hybrid flowering tree in the family Bignoniaceae.  There are two major forms in North America, the 'Morning Cloud' a hybrid of desert willow (Chilopsis linearis) for desert hardiness and color, and northern catalpa (Catalpa speciosa), and the 'Pink Dawn' variety formed as a hybrid of desert willow and either yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata) or northern catalpa (Catalpa speciosa).  Both forms were originally thought to be hybrids of desert willow and southern catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides). The name is nothogeneric, or a combination of the two parents' names. Leaves are lanceolate, 10 to 13 cm (4 to 5 in) long and 2.5 cm (1 in) wide, almost always in whorls of three. The trumpet-shaped flowers are 2.5 cm (1 in) long and frilly. The inflorescence is indeterminate, with alternately arranged flowers.
Non scholae sed vitae
Non scholæ sed vitæ is a Latin phrase. Its longer form is non scholæ sed vitæ discimus, which means "We do not learn for school, but for life". The scholae and vitae are first-declension feminine datives of purpose.

The motto is an inversion of the original, which appeared in Seneca the Younger's Moral Letters to Lucilius around AD 65. It appears in an occupatio passage wherein Seneca imagines Lucilius's objections to his arguments. Non vitae sed scholae discimus ("We learn [such literature] not for life but for classtime") was thus already a complaint, the implication being that Lucilius would argue in favor of more practical education and that mastery of literature was overrated. During the early 19th century, this was emended in Hungary and Germany to non scholae, sed vitae discendum est ("We must learn not for school but for life").

First declension
The first declension is a category of declension that consists of mostly feminine nouns in Ancient Greek and Latin with the defining feature of a long ā (analysed as either a part of the stem or a case-ending). In Greek grammar, it is also called the alpha declension, since its forms have the letter α, at least in the plural.

In Latin and Greek grammar, the first declension is analyzed as a thematic declension. But its lack of a Proto-Indo-European thematic vowel (o or e) and of any nominative singular ending (ordinarily -s or -os) does not neatly place it within either of the Proto-Indo-European nominal categories, thematic and athematic. Therefore, it is assumed to be a newer formation: a suffix based on the neuter plural ending *-(e)h₂, forming a collective noun.
Monton Green railway station
Monton Green railway station is a closed station in Eccles.

Opened on 1 November 1887, Monton Green was the first station on the London and North Western Railway's Manchester and Wigan Railway, which connected Eccles with Wigan and the Tyldesley Loopline which connected Tyldesley, Leigh and Kenyon Junction. Other stations on the line were located at Worsley and Ellenbrook. The station was built on an embankment at the road junctions of Canal Bank and Parrin Lane in Monton.

The Tyldesley Loopline was earmarked for closure in the Beeching Report, and Monton Green closed on 5 May 1969, along with the rest of the line.

Since closure, the embankment spanning Monton Green has been demolished. However, the embankment running parallel to the Bridgewater Canal has been preserved as part of Salford City Council's Recreation Pathways scheme. The route is popular with walkers & cyclists, as the path gives excellent views over the local area.

Salford City Council
Salford City Council is the local authority for the City of Salford, a metropolitan borough with city status in Greater Manchester, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since the metropolitan borough was created in 1974. Since 2012 the council has been led by the directly elected Mayor of Salford, which post has been held by Paul Dennett of the Labour Party since 2016. The council is based at Salford Civic Centre in Swinton.
The Conquerors (2013 film)
The Conquerors (French: Les conquérants) is a 2013 French adventure comedy film directed by Xabi Molia, with stars Mathieu Demy, Denis Podalydès and Christian Crahay, with the director playing a seventh-billed supporting role.

The film was exhibited in southwest France on 21 June 2013 at the Contis Film Festival (premiere) and, two months later (24 August) at another film festival, in Gindou. The full release in France was on 25 September, but it continued to be seen at festivals (Belgium's Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur on 1 October and Canada's Cinéfest Sudbury International Film Festival on 15 September 2014.

Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur
The Festival International du Film Francophone de Namur (FIFF) is a festival dedicated to French speaking films in Namur, Belgium created in 1986, reflecting francophone diversity, from Europe, Canada and Africa.
Pope John I
Pope John I (Latin: Ioannes I; died 18 May 526) was the bishop of Rome from 13 August 523 to his death on 18 May 526. He was a native of Siena (or the "Castello di Serena", near Chiusdino), in Italy. He was sent on a diplomatic mission to Constantinople by the Ostrogoth King Theoderic to negotiate better treatment for Arians. Although John was relatively successful, upon his return to Ravenna, Theoderic had him imprisoned for allegedly conspiring with Constantinople. The frail pope died of neglect and ill-treatment.

Chiusdino
Chiusdino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Florence and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Siena.

Chiusdino borders the following municipalities: Casole d'Elsa, Monticiano, Montieri, Radicondoli, Roccastrada, Sovicille.
Openwashing
Openwashing or open washing (a compound word modeled on "whitewash" and derived from "greenwashing") is a term to describe presenting something as open, when it is not actually open. In the context of openwashing, "open" refers to transparency, access to information, participation, and knowledge sharing.

Whitewashing (communications)
Whitewashing is the act of minimizing or covering up vices, crimes or scandals, or of exonerating the guilty by means of a perfunctory investigation or biased presentation of data with the intention to improve someone's reputation.
Questo
Questo is a monotypic genus of Australian araneomorph spiders in the family Trachycosmidae containing the single species, Questo annuello, named after where it was found, Annuello, Victoria. It was first described by Norman I. Platnick in 2002, and has only been found in Australia.

Annuello
Annuello is a locality in the Rural City of Swan Hill, Victoria, Australia.

Annuello is located in a wheat growing area begun by soldier settlers after World War I. A post office opened on 15 April 1921, a month after the railway line towards Robinvale began operations. The station was closed to passengers in February 1978, and the line was closed in January 2008.

A strain of wheat suitable for the area is named Annuello.
Extreme points of North America
This is a list of the extreme points of North America: the points that are highest and lowest, and farther north, south, east or west than any other location on the continent. Some of these points are debatable, given the varying definitions of North America.

Gunnbjørn Fjeld
Gunnbjørn Fjeld is the highest mountain in Greenland, north of the Arctic Circle, and the highest point in North America not on the mainland. It is a nunatak, a rocky peak protruding through glacial ice. Gunnbjørn Fjeld is ranked 9th by topographic isolation.
Logarithmically concave function
In convex analysis, a non-negative function f : Rn → R+ is logarithmically concave (or log-concave for short) if its domain is a convex set, and if it satisfies the inequality

for all x,y ∈ dom f and 0 < θ < 1. If f is strictly positive, this is equivalent to saying that the logarithm of the function, log ∘ f, is concave; that is,

for all x,y ∈ dom f and 0 < θ < 1.

Examples of log-concave functions are the 0-1 indicator functions of convex sets (which requires the more flexible definition), and the Gaussian function.

Similarly, a function is log-convex if it satisfies the reverse inequality

for all x,y ∈ dom f and 0 < θ < 1.

For non-negative discrete functions f : Z → R+, it is log-concave  if

Pareto distribution
The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian polymath Vilfredo Pareto, is a power-law probability distribution that is used in description of social, quality control, scientific, geophysical, actuarial, and many other types of observable phenomena; the principle originally applied to describing the distribution of wealth in a society, fitting the trend that a large portion of wealth is held by a small fraction of the population.

The Pareto principle or "80:20 rule" stating that 80% of outcomes are due to 20% of causes was named in honour of Pareto, but the concepts are distinct, and only Pareto distributions with shape value (α) of   log 4 5 ≈ 1.16 precisely reflect it. Empirical observation has shown that this 80:20 distribution fits a wide range of cases, including natural phenomena and human activities.
Monroe (avocado)
The Monroe avocado (Persea americana 'Monroe') is a commercial named cultivar of avocado that originated in south Florida.

It became popular for its production habits and relative cold-hardiness and is widely grown in Florida.

South Florida
South Florida, sometimes colloquially shortened to SoFlo, is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the two others are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of the continental United States and the only region of the continental U.S. that includes some areas with a tropical climate.

South Florida is dominated by the Miami metropolitan area and the Everglades. It also contains the Florida Keys; three U.S. national parks: Biscayne, Dry Tortugas, and Everglades; and multiple cities.
Dark fantasy
Dark fantasy is a subgenre of literary, artistic, and cinematic fantasy works that incorporates disturbing and frightening themes. The term is ambiguously used to describe stories that combine horror elements with one or other of the standard formulas of fantasy.

Fantasy trope
A fantasy trope is a specific type of literary trope (recurring theme) that occurs in fantasy fiction. Worldbuilding, plot, and characterization have many common conventions, many of them having ultimately originated in myth and folklore. J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium (and in particular, The Lord of the Rings) for example, was inspired from a variety of different sources including Germanic, Finnish, Greek, Celtic and Slavic myths. Literary fantasy works operate using these tropes, while others use them in a revisionist manner, making the tropes over for various reasons such as for comic effect, and to create something fresh (a method that often generates new clichés).
On Silent Wings
"On Silent Wings" is a song by American singer-songwriter Tina Turner with guest vocals from English musician Sting. Released in May 1996 in support of Turner's ninth album, Wildest Dreams (1996), the single performed well on the US and Canadian adult contemporary charts, peaking at numbers 24 and 13 respectively. The dance version of "On Silent Wings", remixed by Soul Solution, charted at number 47 on the US Billboard Dance Club Play chart. Like much of Turner's later work, "On Silent Wings" enjoyed greater success in the United Kingdom, peaking at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart.

The single included the country-flavoured single edit with additional guitar overdubs, later appearing on the 2004 compilation All the Best, as well as a second alternative version of the track. Some formats also featured the non-album track "Do Something", written by Holly Knight and Mike Chapman and produced by Trevor Horn.

Mike Chapman
Michael Donald Chapman OAM (born 13 April 1947) is an Australian record producer and songwriter who was a major force in the British pop music industry in the 1970s. He created a string of hit singles for artists including The Sweet, Suzi Quatro, Smokie, Mud and Racey with business partner Nicky Chinn, creating a sound that became identified with the "Chinnichap" brand. He later produced breakthrough albums for Blondie and the Knack. Chapman received a Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 2014 Australia Day Honours.
2025 Sulaymaniyah clashes
The 2025 Sulaymaniyah clashes (Kurdish: ڕووداوەکانی سلێمانی) were armed confrontations that occurred on 22 August 2025 in the city of Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan, following a security raid targeting opposition leader Lahur Sheikh Jangi Talabani. The incident led to the arrest of Lahur Talabani, his brother Polad Talabani, and several of their associates. The clashes drew significant attention and concern across the Middle East.

The arrest of Lahur Talabani comes after the arrest of Shaswar Abdulwahid, the leader of the New Generation Movement, who was also detained in Sulaymaniyah. According to political observers, this series of arrests carried out by Bafel and Qubad Talabani is aimed at consolidating and strengthening the power of the PUK in Sulaymaniyah.

Qubad Talabani
Qubad Talabani (Kurdish: قوباد تاڵەبانی, romanized: Qubad Talebanî, Arabic: قباد طالباني; born 21 July 1977) is an Iraqi Kurdish politician who has been the deputy prime minister of the Kurdistan Region since 2014. Formerly serving as the representative of Kurdistan to the United States, Qubad is the second son of former Iraqi President Jalal Talabani.