hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivor Bowen
Ivor Bowen (1862 - 1934) was a Welsh lawyer, County Court judge and author.

Born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, Bowen was the son of J. Bowen Jones, an independent minister. Whilst still a young man, Bowen moved to London and worked for a bank.

In 1886, Bowen became a student of Gray's Inn and 1889 was called to the Bar. He is known to have practiced law in the Cardiff area as a revising barrister between 1905 and 1912. His other positions included: Recorder of Merthyr Tydfil (1914–15), Recorder of Swansea (1915–18), County Court Judge (Mid Wales Circuit) (1918–33), and Treasurer of Gray's Inn (1923).

Bowen's published writings include: The Statutes of Wales (1908), and The Great Enclosures of Common Lands in Wales (1914).

Bowen died in 1934.

Independent (religion)
In Welsh and English church history, Independents were a Puritan group who advocated local congregational control of religious and church matters, without any wider geographical hierarchy, either ecclesiastical or political. They were particularly prominent during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms as well under the Commonwealth and Protectorate. The New Model Army became the champion of Independent religious views and its members helped carry out Pride's Purge in December 1648.

Unlike their Presbyterian allies, Independents rejected any state role in religious practice, including the Church of England, and advocated freedom of religion for most non-Catholics. Their religious views led some to back radical political groups such as the Levellers, who supported concepts like Republicanism, universal suffrage and joint ownership of property.

The Independents later became known as the Congregationalists, who are part of the wider Reformed tradition of Christianity.
Imrich Lyócsa
Imrich Lyócsa (born 21 July 1963) is a Slovakian former para archer and wheelchair curler. Lyócsa has competed in four Summer Paralympics (2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012) and he competed in the 2018 Winter Paralympics as an alternate in the wheelchair curling team.

2018 Winter Paralympics
The 2018 Winter Paralympics (Korean: 2018년 동계 패럴림픽; RR: 2018nyeon Donggye Paereollimpik), the 12th Paralympic Winter Games, and also more generally known as the PyeongChang 2018 Paralympic Winter Games, were an international multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities governed by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), that was held in Pyeongchang, South Korea, from 9 to 18 March 2018. They were the second Paralympics to be held in South Korea, following the 1988 Summer Paralympics in Seoul.

569 athletes representing a record  49 National Paralympic Committees participated in these Games, including 3 newcomers Georgia, North Korea and Tajikistan. Following its debut as disciplines under the Alpine programme in Sochi, snowboarding was expanded into a separate sport with 8 additional events.
Parish of Neurea
Neurea Parish, New South Wales is a civil parish of Gordon County, New South Wales, a Cadastral divisions of New South Wales.

The  parish is on the Bell River and Curra Creek and the nearest large town is Wellington, New South Wales is  north of the parish although a village of Neurea is within the parish.

Gordon County, New South Wales
Gordon County is one of the 141 cadastral divisions of New South Wales.  The Macquarie River is the north-eastern boundary.

Gordon County was named in honour of George Hamilton Gordon, Fourth Earl of Aberdeen (1784–1860).
Aben, Louisiana
Aben is an unincorporated community in Ascension Parish, Louisiana, United States. Aben is located south and east of a bend in the Mississippi River, 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Donaldsonville, but as the Mississippi generally runs north to south, Aben is considered to be on the west bank of the river. Louisiana Highway 18 passes through the community.

Louisiana Highway 18
Louisiana Highway 18 (LA 18) is a state highway that serves Ascension, St. James, St. John the Baptist, St. Charles, and Jefferson Parishes.  Called the Great River Road, it runs from west to east, parallel to the west bank of the Mississippi River, running from Donaldsonville to Gretna.  It spans a total of 79.7 miles (128.3 km).  In the more rural parts of LA 18's span, it is commonly referred to as River Road, but it becomes 4th Street once it enters Westwego.
Mass gap
In quantum field theory, the mass gap is the difference in energy between the lowest energy state, the vacuum, and the next lowest energy state. The energy of the vacuum is zero by definition, and assuming that all energy states can be thought of as particles in plane-waves, the mass gap is the mass of the lightest particle.

Since the energies of exact (i.e. nonperturbative) energy eigenstates are spread out and therefore are not technically eigenstates, a more precise definition is that the mass gap is the greatest lower bound of the energy of any state which is orthogonal to the vacuum.

The analog of a mass gap in many-body physics on a discrete lattice arises from a gapped Hamiltonian.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
Urt
Urt (French pronunciation: [yʁt]; Occitan: Urt; Basque: Ahurti) is a village and a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France. It is part of the traditional province of Labourd.

Urt is the location of the Benedictine Belloc Abbey for monks and of St. Scholastica's Abbey for nuns. Urt station has rail connections to Tarbes, Pau and Bayonne.

The village is 15 km east of Bayonne.

Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French pronunciation: [pi.ʁe.nez‿at.lɑ̃.tik] ⓘ; Gascon Occitan: Pirenèus Atlantics; Basque: Pirinio Atlantikoak) is a department located in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the southwest corner of metropolitan France. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlantic Ocean, it covers the French Basque Country and the Béarn. It is divided in three arrondissements and its prefecture is Pau. In 2019, it had a population of 682,621.
Hillsboro Pioneer Cemetery
The Hillsboro Pioneer Cemetery is a pioneer cemetery in Hillsboro, Oregon, United States. It is located at the west end of the city along the Tualatin Valley Highway and adjacent to Dairy Creek. The 8.42-acre (3.41 ha) cemetery comprises three formerly private cemeteries. In 1973, the city of Hillsboro gained title to what is the oldest cemetery in Washington County.

Tualatin Valley Highway
The Tualatin Valley Highway No. 29 (see Oregon highways and routes) is an Oregon highway which passes through the Tualatin Valley, between the cities of McMinnville and Beaverton.  Between McMinnville and Forest Grove, the highway is signed as Oregon Route 47; between Forest Grove and Beaverton it is signed as Oregon Route 8. Oregon 8 becomes Canyon Road in Beaverton east of Hocken Road.

The highway is commonly referred to as TV Highway by locals and is also marked as such by signs.  TriMet bus route 57-TV Hwy. provides public transit service over the full length of the section between Forest Grove and Beaverton.
Akkermansia muciniphila
Akkermansia muciniphila is a human intestinal symbiont, isolated from human feces. It is a mucin-degrading bacterium belonging to the genus Akkermansia, discovered in 2004 by Muriel Derrien and Willem de Vos at Wageningen University of the Netherlands.: 1474  It belongs to the phylum Verrucomicrobiota and its type strain is MucT (=ATCC BAA-835T =CIP 107961T). It is under preliminary research for its potential beneficial associations with metabolic disorders.

Willem Meindert de Vos
Willem M. de Vos (born 30 October 1954, in Apeldoorn) is a Dutch academic and microbiologist. He studied for his PhD at the University of Groningen. He is notable for winning the Spinozapremie in 2008. De Vos is currently serving as an Academy Professor for the Academy of Finland.

Since 2009 De Vos is member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
TRT 1
TRT 1 (Turkish: TRT Bir) is the first Turkish free-to-air national television channel, owned by state broadcaster TRT. It was officially launched on 31 January 1968 as a test broadcast, becoming regular by the early 1970s. It was the only channel Turkey until 15 September 1986, when TRT launched TRT 2 under the name TV2. It is also available in Azerbaijan on terrestrial television.

On 19 May 2012, it started broadcasting on 16:9 aspect ratio and launched its own HD simulcast feed.

TRT 1 is TRT's general TV channel, available free-to-air through Turksat satellite, on subscription operators Digitürk, D-Smart, Türksat Cable TV, Tivibu or in neighbor countries via foreign cable platforms.

D-Smart
D-Smart is a Turkish satellite television provider launched in 2007. It launched high-definition television broadcasts in 2008. By late 2012, D-Smart had around 1.6m subscribers, of which around half were free-to-air customers; revenues were around EUR350m.
Birotunda
In geometry, a birotunda is any member of a family of dihedral-symmetric polyhedra, formed from two rotunda adjoined through the largest face. They are similar to a bicupola but instead of alternating squares and triangles, it alternates pentagons and triangles around an axis. There are two forms, ortho- and gyro-: an orthobirotunda has one of the two rotundas is placed as the mirror reflection of the other, while in a gyrobirotunda one rotunda is twisted relative to the other.

The pentagonal birotundas can be formed with regular faces, one a Johnson solid, the other a semiregular polyhedron:

pentagonal orthobirotunda,

pentagonal gyrobirotunda, which is also called an icosidodecahedron.

Other forms can be generated with dihedral symmetry and distorted equilateral pentagons.

Bicupola
In geometry, a bicupola is a solid formed by connecting two cupolae on their bases. Here, two classes of bicupola are included because each cupola (bicupola half) is bordered by alternating triangles and squares. If similar faces are attached together the result is an orthobicupola; if squares are attached to triangles it is a gyrobicupola.
KM Nurul Huda
Khan Mohammad Nurul Huda (born 1948) is a retired secretary of the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh and served as the Chief Election Commissioner of Bangladesh from 2017 to 2022. He was a freedom fighter during the Bangladesh Liberation War. He is a former chief executive officer of Dhaka City Corporation. He also served as joint secretary of the Ministry of Environment and Forests and additional secretary to the Secretariat of Bangladeshi Parliament. He wrote a book titled Electronic Voting in Government Elections to Promote Democracy.

Dhaka City Corporation
Dhaka City Corporation (DCC) was the former self-governing corporation that was entrusted with the task of administering the municipal affairs of Dhaka, the Bangladeshi capital. The incorporated area was divided into several wards. Each ward has an elected ward commissioner. The mayor of the city was elected by popular vote every five years, although the last mayoral election took place in 2002. The corporation was dissolved by the Local Government (City Corporation) Amendment Bill 2011 on 29 November, passed in the Parliament of Bangladesh, and formally ceased to exist on 1 December 2011, following the President's approval, making way for a Dhaka North and a Dhaka South city corporations.
Holy War (Toto song)
"Holy War" is a song by the American rock band Toto. It was released as the second single from the band's 2015 album, Toto XIV. Joseph Williams and Steve Lukather share lead vocals on the song and co-wrote it with Jeffery CJ Vanston.

Steve Porcaro
Steven Maxwell Porcaro (born September 2, 1957) is an American synth programmer, keyboardist, songwriter, film & television composer, and founding member of the rock band Toto, which he founded with his brother, drummer Jeff Porcaro, and later included their brother Mike Porcaro on bass. He has won three Grammy Awards, including Record of the Year for "Rosanna" and Album of the Year for Toto IV, and three nominations.

Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the Porcaro brothers were in constant demand as session musicians, appearing on records for artists including Steely Dan, Don Henley, Chicago, Earth, Wind & Fire, Boz Scaggs, Seals and Croft, Warren Zevon, Paul Simon, Yes, and Pink Floyd. He was also a member of Chris Squire's short-lived band, The Chris Squire Experiment, in 1992.
Karabanovo
Karabanovo (Russian: Карабаново) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Karabanovo, Vladimir Oblast, a town in Alexandrovsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Rural localities

Karabanovo, Belgorod Oblast, a selo in Novopetrovsky Rural Okrug of Valuysky District in Belgorod Oblast

Karabanovo, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Karsinsky Selsoviet of Troitsky District in Chelyabinsk Oblast

Karabanovo, Ivanovo Oblast, a village in Vichugsky District of Ivanovo Oblast

Karabanovo, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Chapayevskoye Settlement of Krasnoselsky District in Kostroma Oblast

Karabanovo, Moscow Oblast, a village in Mamontovskoye Rural Settlement of Noginsky District in Moscow Oblast

Karabanovo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Nevelsky District of Pskov Oblast

Karabanovo, Tver Oblast, a village in Pogorelskoye Rural Settlement of Zubtsovsky District in Tver Oblast

Nevelsky District, Pskov Oblast
Nevelsky District (Russian: Не́вельский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Novosokolnichesky District in the north, Velikoluksky District in the east, Usvyatsky District in the southeast, Haradok, Polotsk, and Rasony Districts of Vitebsk Region of Belarus in the south (forming part of the Belarus–Russia border), Sebezhsky District in the west, and with Pustoshkinsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,689.9 square kilometers (1,038.6 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nevel. Population: 26,657 (2010 Census); 31,419 (2002 Census); 38,951 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nevel accounts for 61.2% of the district's total population.
Chillihua
Chillihua (possibly from Aymara for a species of grass (Festuca dolichophylla)) is a mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is located in the Tacna Region, Tarata Province, Susapaya District. Chillihua lies southwest of the lakes Vilacota and Lake Neque ("mud lake").

Department of Tacna
Tacna (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaɣna]; Aymara and Quechua: Taqna) is a department of Peru. It is the southernmost department of the country, bordering Chile and Bolivia. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital city is Tacna.
Flint Creek Water Park
Flint Creek Water Park, located in Wiggins, Mississippi, is part of the Pat Harrison Waterway District, which is a Mississippi State Agency providing outdoor recreation and management of the Pascagoula River Basin. The purpose of the nine water parks located in southeast and east-central Mississippi is to provide flood control, water management, and recreation.

This is not to be confused with the Flint Creek Waterpark in Colcord, Oklahoma on the Flint Creek that flows through Arkansas and Oklahoma.

Flint Creek (Arkansas/Oklahoma)
Flint Creek is a stream that forms in Arkansas and flows generally southwest into Oklahoma.  It originates around Springtown, Arkansas, and is impounded at Siloam Springs Lake, north of Siloam Springs, Arkansas, before crossing the Oklahoma border.  The creek eventually flows into the Illinois River on the eastern boundary of the town of Flint Creek, Oklahoma.   Normally the creek is crystal clear and flows year-round.
Studio recording
A studio recording, or a recording session is any recording made in a studio, as opposed to a live recording, which is usually made in a concert venue or a theatre, with an audience attending the performance.

Performance
A performance is an act or process of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other forms of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
Steffen Toppe
Steffen Ingebriktsen Toppe (12 October 1902 – 28 July 1979) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Hamre Municipality. Toppe was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland in 1965. He had previously served as a deputy representative in the periods 1958–1961 and 1961–, shortly into which the regular representative Hjalmar Olai Storeide died and was replaced by Toppe. He was not re-elected in 1969.

Toppe was a member of the municipal council of Åsane Municipality from 1933 until 1961, except during the years of World War II. He served as deputy mayor in 1945–1947, 1947–1951, 1951–1953, 1955–1959, and 1959–1961 with a short spell as mayor in 1954–1955.

Hamre Municipality
Hamre (historically, Hammer) is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 80.8-square-kilometre (31.2 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now divided between Alver Municipality and Osterøy Municipality in the traditional district of Nordhordland in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Hamre, where Hamre Church was located.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 80.8-square-kilometre (31.2 sq mi) municipality was the 545th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Hamre Municipality was the 354th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 2,579. The municipality's population density was 31.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (83/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 7.2% over the previous 10-year period.
Paracrangonyx
Paracrangonyx is a genus of amphipods in the family Paracrangonyctidae, comprising two species, Paracrangonyx compactus and Paracrangonyz winterbourni.

P. compactus is found only in Canterbury, New Zealand, at Eyreton, Leeston, and St Albans. It is hypogean, found up to 58 metres (190 ft) below ground.

P. winterbourni has only been found at Templeton, on the Canterbury Plains of South Island.

Eyreton
Eyreton, originally known as Eyretown, is a small village in the Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island. It is named after Edward John Eyre, who at one time was the lieutenant governor of the South Island (then known as New Munster). It is a rural village located to the west of Kaiapoi, near the north bank of the Waimakariri River.

Although a branch line railway called the Eyreton Branch existed, it never actually ran through Eyreton; its route from Kaiapoi to West Eyreton passed north of the village.
John Radford (footballer)
John Radford (born 22 February 1947) is an English former footballer who played for Arsenal, West Ham United and Blackburn Rovers throughout his career. Radford, who played as a forward, is Arsenal's fourth highest goal scorer of all time.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.
Linare FC
Linare FC commonly referred to as Tse Tala tsa Mmamosa le Molapo (often stylised as The Greens) or Mamalente, is a Lesotho professional football club based in Leribe in the Leribe District. It was established in 1931 and it has been in the Lesotho Premier Division from the early 1930s to date.

The team currently plays in Lesotho Premier League.

Hlotse
Hlotse (also Leribe) is an important market town in Lesotho. It is situated on the Hlotse River, near the South African border. The town was founded in 1876 by a British missionary, Reverend John Widdicombe. It was a colonial centre until Lesotho gained its independence. The population in 2016 was 38,558.

The alternate name, Leribe, comes from the adjacent French Protestant Leribe Mission, founded in 1859 by François Coillard. Hlotse is also called Leribe because it is the camptown in the district of Leribe.

The main Basotho headquarters for Help Lesotho is in Hlotse.
Morton Deutsch
Morton Deutsch (February 4, 1920 – March 13, 2017) was an American social psychologist, psychoanalyst, and researcher in conflict resolution. Deutsch was one of the founding fathers of the field of conflict resolution. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Deutsch as the 63rd most cited psychologist of the 20th century.

Conflict resolution
Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution. Committed group members attempt to resolve group conflicts by actively communicating information about their conflicting motives or ideologies to the rest of group (e.g., intentions; reasons for holding certain beliefs) and by engaging in collective negotiation. Dimensions of resolution typically parallel the dimensions of conflict in the way the conflict is processed. Cognitive resolution is the way disputants understand and view the conflict, with beliefs, perspectives, understandings and attitudes. Emotional resolution is in the way disputants feel about a conflict, the emotional energy. Behavioral resolution is reflective of how the disputants act, their behavior. Ultimately a wide range of methods and procedures for addressing conflict exist, including negotiation, mediation, mediation-arbitration, diplomacy, and creative peacebuilding.
Kortekeer
50°28′33″N 3°20′43″E﻿ / ﻿50.4758°N 3.3454°E﻿ / 50.4758; 3.3454

Kortekeer is the name of an uphill road in the municipality of Maarkedal, in the Belgian province of East Flanders. With its top at 88 m, it is one of the many hills in the Flemish Ardennes. The road is narrow with steep bankings on either side with an asphalted surface. The steepest point is 17.1%. It was the epicenter of one of the most powerful earthquakes ever measured in Belgium, at 5.5 on the Richter scale in 1938.

Flemish Ardennes
The Flemish Ardennes (Dutch: Vlaamse Ardennen) is an informal name given to a hilly region in the south of the province of East Flanders, Belgium. Highest summit is the Hotondberg (151 m). Main characteristics of the region are rural hilly landscapes with hilltop bluebell woodlands (Muziekbos, Brakelbos, Kluisbos), windmills and watermills.

The area is distinct and not adjacent to the larger Ardennes, which is further to the south east of the country in Wallonia, France, Germany and Luxembourg.

Among the largest towns in the area are Oudenaarde, Ronse, Zottegem and Geraardsbergen.

Cycling is particularly popular in the Flemish Ardennes. Many major bike races are held here, including a large part of the Tour of Flanders. Most of its toughest climbs (Koppenberg, Taaienberg, Molenberg, Paterberg, Oude Kwaremont, Muur van Geraardsbergen, Eikenberg) and most of its cobblestone-street sections (Paddestraat) are situated in the Flemish Ardennes.