hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Bancks
John Bancks (1709 – 19 April 1751), also known as John Banks, was an English writer.

Bancks was born in Sonning, Berkshire, and became apprenticed to a weaver in Reading. He suffered an accident, and left the apprenticeship before completion, becoming a bookseller in Spitalfields. He wrote poetry and biography, including works on the lives of Jesus, Oliver Cromwell and William III.

Spitalfields
Spitalfields (/ˈspɪtəlfiːldz/) is an area in London, England and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is in East London and situated in the East End. Spitalfields is formed around Commercial Street and Brick Lane. It has several markets, including Spitalfields Market, the historic Old Spitalfields Market, Brick Lane Market and Petticoat Lane Market. The area has a long attracted migrants from overseas, including many Jews, whose presence gained the area the 19th century nickname of Little Jerusalem and is home to a large Bangladeshi community.

It was a hamlet (autonomous area) of the large ancient parish of Stepney in Middlesex, and became an independent parish in 1729. Just outside the City of London, it formed part of the County of London from 1889 and was part of the Metropolitan Borough of Stepney from 1900. It was abolished as a civil parish in 1921.
Square root of 6
The square root of 6 is the positive real number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the natural number 6. It is more precisely called the principal square root of 6, to distinguish it from the negative number with the same property. This number appears in numerous geometric and number-theoretic contexts.

It is an irrational algebraic number.  The first sixty significant digits of its decimal expansion are:

2.44948974278317809819728407470589139196594748065667012843269....

which can be rounded up to 2.45 to within about 99.98% accuracy (about 1 part in 4800).

Since 6 is the product of 2 and 3, the square root of 6 is the geometric mean of 2 and 3, and is the product of the square root of 2 and the square root of 3, both of which are irrational algebraic numbers.

NASA has published more than a million decimal digits of the square root of six.

Octahedron
In geometry, an octahedron (pl.: octahedra or octahedrons) is any polyhedron with eight faces. One special case is the regular octahedron, a Platonic solid composed of eight equilateral triangles, four of which meet at each vertex. Many types of irregular octahedra also exist, including both convex and non-convex shapes.
Kalbarri National Park
Kalbarri National Park is located 485 kilometres (301 mi) north of Perth, in the Mid West region of Western Australia.

The major geographical features of the park include the Murchison River gorge which runs for nearly 80 kilometres (50 mi) on the lower reaches of the Murchison River. Spectacular coastal cliffs are located on the coast near the mouth of the Murchison River and the town of Kalbarri.

There is also an eponymous locality of the Shire of Northampton, but the boundaries of the national park and the locality are not identical.

Mid West (Western Australia)
The Mid West region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia.  It is a sparsely populated region extending from the west coast of Western Australia, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north and south of its administrative centre of Geraldton and inland to 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Wiluna in the Gibson Desert.

It has a total area of 285,497 square kilometres (110,231 sq mi), and a permanent population of about 54,000 people, more than half of those in Geraldton.
Matt Archibald
Matthew "Matt" Archibald (born 20 May 1986) is a New Zealand racing cyclist.

He won the bronze medal in the Men's 1 km time trial at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. He won the bronze medal in the same event at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.

2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships were the World Championships for track cycling in 2015. They took place in Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (part of the Paris Metropolitan Area) at the Vélodrome de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from 18–22 February 2015.
Dicranurus
Dicranurus (Greek, 'dikranon', a pitchfork, and 'oura', tail) is a genus of Lower to Middle Devonian odontopleurid trilobites that lived in a shallow sea that lay between Euramerica and Gondwana, corresponding to modern-day Oklahoma and New York, and Morocco, respectively. As such, their fossils are found in New York, Oklahoma, and Morocco. Their bodies averaged about 1 in (25 mm) or so, in length, though their large spines made them at least 2 in (51 mm) in length. Such tremendous spines are speculated to have hampered the ability of predators, such as arthrodire placoderms, to attack them, and to help prevent them from sinking into the soft mud of their environment. Dicranurus trilobites are distinguished from other odontopleurids by the pair of large, curled, horn-like spines that emanate from behind the glabellum. The genus name refers to these distinctive horns, in fact.

Early Devonian
The Early Devonian is the first of three epochs comprising the Devonian period, corresponding to the Lower Devonian series. It lasted from 419.62 ± 1.36 to 393.47 ± 0.99 and began with the Lochkovian Stage 419.62 ± 1.36 to 413.02 ± 0.99, which was followed by the Pragian from 413.02 ± 1.36 to 410.62 ± 0.99 and then by the Emsian, which lasted until the Middle Devonian began, 393.47± 0.99 million years ago.
During this time, the first ammonoids appeared, descending from bactritoid nautiloids. Ammonoids during this time period were simple and differed little from their nautiloid counterparts. These ammonoids belong to the order Agoniatitida, which in later epochs evolved to new ammonoid orders, for example Goniatitida and Clymeniida. This class of cephalopod molluscs would dominate the marine fauna until the beginning of the Mesozoic Era.
Citharichthys mariajorisae
Citharichthys mariajorisae, the five-rayed sanddab, is a species of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family Paralichthyidae. It is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, in tropical waters ranging from the Gulf of California in the north to the Bay of Panama in the south. It is a demersal marine fish, inhabiting the sandy bottoms of shallow coastal waters at a depth between 10 and 45 metres (33 and 148 ft).

Like the rest of the large-tooth flounders, it has both eyes on the left side of its head. It grows to a maximum length of 12.4 centimetres (4.9 in). It is brownish or grey in color, mottled with darker patches. Its common name is derived from five or six pelvic-fin rays on the ocular side.

Citharichthys mariajorisae is a predator, feeding on benthic worms and crustaceans, as well as small fish.

Demersal zone
The demersal zone (from Latin demergere, "to sink") is the part of the sea or ocean (or deep lake) consisting of the part of the water column near to (and significantly affected by) the seabed and the benthos. The demersal zone is just above the benthic zone and forms a layer of the larger profundal zone.

Being just above the ocean floor, the demersal zone is variable in depth and can be part of the photic zone where light can penetrate, and photosynthetic organisms grow, or the aphotic zone, which begins between depths of roughly 200 and 1,000 m (700 and 3,300 ft) and extends to the ocean depths, where no light penetrates.
Free imperial city
In the Holy Roman Empire, the collective term free and imperial cities (German: Freie und Reichsstädte), briefly worded free imperial city (Freie Reichsstadt, Latin: urbs imperialis libera), was used from the 15th century to denote a self-ruling city that had a certain amount of autonomy and was represented in the Imperial Diet.

An imperial city held the status of imperial immediacy, and was subordinate only to the Holy Roman Emperor, as opposed to a territorial city or town (Landstadt), which was subordinate to a territorial prince – be it an ecclesiastical lord (prince-bishop, prince-abbot), or a secular prince (duke (Herzog), margrave, count (Graf), etc.).

Margrave
In the German nobility, margrave was a rank equivalent to marquess. It originated as the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defence of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or a kingdom. That position became hereditary in certain feudal families in the Empire and the title came to be borne by rulers of some Imperial principalities until the abolition of the Empire in 1806 (e.g., Margrave of Brandenburg, Margrave of Baden). Thereafter, those domains (originally known as marks or marches, later as margraviates or margravates) were absorbed into larger realms or the titleholders adopted titles indicative of full sovereignty.
Psychological typologies
Psychological typologies are classifications used by psychologists to describe the distinctions between people. The problem of finding the essential basis for the classification of psychological types—that is, the basis of determining a broader spectrum of derivative characteristics—is crucial in differential psychology.

William Herbert Sheldon
William Herbert Sheldon, Jr. (November 19, 1898 – September 17, 1977)  was an American psychologist, numismatist, and eugenicist. He created the field of somatotype and constitutional psychology that correlate body types with temperament, illustrated by his controversial Ivy League nude posture photos.
Vanity Dies Hard
Vanity Dies Hard is a novel by British writer Ruth Rendell, published in 1966 by John Long Ltd in the UK and in the same year as In Sickness and in Health by Doubleday in the US. In a later interview, the author said that it was at the very bottom of the list of "my worst books". In 1995 the novel was adapted for the ITV series of The Ruth Rendell Mysteries.

John Long Ltd
John Long Ltd was a publishing firm based in London and founded by John Long who died on 16 September 1935. John Long Ltd. had a long association with Hutchinson and was eventually incorporated, by the 1960s it had become an imprint of Hutchinson and was no longer in use after the year 1979.
Tori-Emaki
Tori-Emaki (Japanese for "bird picture scroll") is an interactive art video game developed by London Studio in association with Playlogic Entertainment for the PlayStation 3 platform, which utilizes the PlayStation Eye camera peripheral. It was released on the European PlayStation Store on November 1, 2007 and on the North American PlayStation Store on January 17, 2008.

The player uses hand gestures and whole body movements seen by the PlayStation Eye to direct a flock of birds from location to location within the emakimono, left, right, up or down. Despite its Japanese culture influences, Japan Studio had no involvement in its development.

London Studio
London Studio was a British video game developer of PlayStation Studios based in London. Founded in 2002, it was best known for developing the SingStar series, as well as games for PlayStation's external peripherals including the EyeToy camera and the PlayStation VR virtual reality headset. The studio created more than 60 titles since it was established.
Armen Martirosyan (diplomat)
Armen Martirosyan  (sometimes spelt Martirosian, Martirossyan or Martirossian; Armenian: Արմեն Մարտիրոսյան) held the post of Armenia's Deputy Foreign Minister. He was also a two-term member of the National Assembly of Armenia.

Martirossian presented his credentials as Permanent Representative (or ambassador) to the United Nations for Armenia to the Secretary-General of the United Nations on 12 June 2003, replacing the former ambassador, Movses Abelian.

Martirossian announced recently that he would be holding a series of talks around Europe detailing his career so far. These are set to begin on May 6.

National Assembly (Armenia)
The National Assembly of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության Ազգային ժողով, Hayastani Hanrapetyut'yan Azgayin zhoghov or simply Ազգային ժողով, ԱԺ, Azgayin Zhoghov, AZh), also informally referred to as the Parliament of Armenia (խորհրդարան, khorhrdaran) is the legislative branch of the government of Armenia.
Schelter & Giesecke Type Foundry
J.G. Schelter & Giesecke was a German type foundry and manufacturer of printing presses started 1819 in Leipzig by punchcutter Johann Schelter and typefounder Christian Friedrich Giesecke (1793-1850). The foundry was nationalized in 1946 by the new German Democratic Republic, forming VEB Typoart, Dresden.

Type foundry
A type foundry is a company that designs or distributes typefaces. Before digital typography, type foundries manufactured and sold metal and wood typefaces for hand typesetting, and matrices for line-casting machines like the Linotype and Monotype, for letterpress printers. Today's digital type foundries accumulate and distribute typefaces (typically as digitized fonts) created by type designers, who may either be freelancers operating their own independent foundry, or employed by a foundry. Type foundries may also provide custom type design services.
Tods Murray
Tods Murray LLP WS was a mid-tier Scottish commercial legal firm with offices in Edinburgh and Glasgow and 2011 turnover of £13.1m, placing it at number 144 in The Lawyer magazine's list of the two hundred largest UK firms. The firm appointed administrators on 3 October 2014 and the firm was bought out by Shepherd and Wedderburn.

Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland
The Society of Solicitors in the Supreme Courts of Scotland is a voluntary professional association of solicitors in Scotland, representing lawyers who practise in and around the College of Justice.  The College of Justice comprises Scotland's two supreme courts: the Court of Session and the High Court of Justiciary. Members use the abbreviation "SSC" after their names.

The Society was founded in January 1784 and incorporated by Royal Charter in 1797.

It is one of several similar societies in Scotland, along with the Society of Writers to the Signet in Edinburgh, the Royal Faculty of Procurators in Glasgow and the Society of Advocates in Aberdeen.
Nike Sun
Nike Sun is a probability theorist who works as a Professor of Mathematics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as of July 2024, on leave from the department of statistics at the University of California, Berkeley. She won the Rollo Davidson Prize in 2017. Her research concerns phase transitions and the counting complexity of problems ranging from the Ising model in physics to the behavior of random instances of the Boolean satisfiability problem in computer science.

Counting problem (complexity)
In computational complexity theory and computability theory, a counting problem is a type of computational problem. If R is a search problem (formalised as a binary relation) then

is the corresponding counting function and

denotes the corresponding decision problem.

Note that cR is a function problem while #R is a decision problem, however cR can be C Cook-reduced to #R (for appropriate C) using a binary search (the reason #R is defined the way it is, rather than being the graph of cR, is to make this binary search possible).
Boulder Creek Formation
The Boulder Creek Formation is a geologic formation in northeastern British Columbia. It was named for a tributary to Commotion Creek in the Pine Pass area by E.M. Spieker in 1921. At one time considered to be a member of the Commotion Formation, it was elevated to formation status by D.F. Stott in 1982.

The formation was deposited in shallow marine to shoreline environments during the Albian stage of the Early Cretaceous period. It preserves ammonites, plant remains, and other fossils.

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Louis Parore
Louis Wellington Parore (26 December 1888 – 3 March 1953), also known as Lou Parore, was a New Zealand Māori leader, interpreter and court agent. Descended from Māori heritage, he identified with the Ngāpuhi and Te Roroa iwi. He was born at Te Houhanga Marae, Northland, New Zealand in 1888.

Ngāpuhi
Ngāpuhi (also known as Ngāpuhi-Nui-Tonu or Ngā Puhi) is a Māori iwi associated with the Northland regions of New Zealand centred in the Hokianga, the Bay of Islands, and Whangārei.

According to the 2023 New Zealand census, the estimated population of Ngāpuhi is 184,470. This compares to 125,601 in 2001, 102,981 in 2006, 122,214  in 2013. and 165,201 in 2018. It is formed from 150 hapū or subtribes, with 55 marae.

Despite such diversity, the people of Ngāpuhi maintain their shared history and self-identity. Te Rūnanga ā Iwi o Ngāpuhi, based in Kaikohe, administers the iwi. The Rūnanga acts on behalf of the iwi in consultations with the New Zealand government. It also ensures the equitable distribution of benefits from the 1992 fisheries settlement with the government, and undertakes resource management and education initiatives.
Karyorelict nuclear code
The karyorelictid nuclear code (translation table 27) is a genetic code used by the nuclear genome of the Karyorelictea ciliate Parduczia sp. This code, along with translation tables 28 and 31, is remarkable in that every one of the 64 possible codons can be a sense codon. Translation termination probably relies on context, specifically proximity to the poly(A) tail.

Nuclear DNA
Nuclear DNA (nDNA), or nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid, is the DNA contained within each cell nucleus of a eukaryotic organism. It encodes for the majority of the genome in eukaryotes, with mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA coding for the rest. It adheres to Mendelian inheritance, with information coming from two parents, one male and one female—rather than matrilineally (through the mother) as in mitochondrial DNA.
2014 Thai FA Cup final
The 2014 Thai FA Cup final was the 21st final of Thailand's domestic football cup competition, the FA Cup. The final was played at Supachalasai Stadium in Bangkok on 9 November 2014. The match was contested by Bangkok Glass, who beat Chiangrai United 6–5 after Penalty shootout of the draw 1–1 in their semi-final, and Chonburi who beat Suphanburi 1–0 in the match. The match was won by Bangkok Glass, defeating Chonburi 1–0 through a goal scored by Lazarus Kaimbi.

Thai FA Cup
The Thai FA Cup (Thai: ไทยเอฟเอคัพ), known officially as The Football Association of Thailand Cup, is a football cup competition in Thailand. Thai FA Cup is an annual knockout association football competition in men's domestic football. It was held between 1974 and 1999 and relaunched in 2009. Raj Vithi won the first two editions.

In 2009 it was announced that the Thai FA Cup would return to the Thai football calendar. All the teams from the Thai League 1 and Division 1 League were automatically entered and teams from the Division 2 League as well as university and schools teams could apply to enter. The qualifying round took place from 27–30 June. The first round proper will see sixteen qualifiers progress to the second round where they will each meet a Division 1 side. The sixteen TPL teams enter at the third round stage. The final will be played at National Stadium with the winning team receiving 1,000,000 Thai baht. The runners-up will receive 500,000 Thai baht.
Swimming at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Women's 200 metre individual medley SM5
The women's 200m ind. medley SM5 event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place at the  London Aquatics Centre on 31 August. There were two heats; the swimmers with the eight fastest times advanced to the final.

London Aquatics Centre
The London Aquatics Centre is an indoor facility with two 50-metre (164-foot) swimming pools and a 25-metre (82-foot) diving pool in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. The centre, designed by architect Zaha Hadid as one of the main venues of the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, was used for the swimming, diving and synchronised swimming events. After significant modification, the centre opened to the public in March 2014.
Penny Schwinn
Penny Schwinn (born 1982) is an American educator who served as Education Commissioner of Tennessee from 2019 to 2023.

Schwinn was appointed by Governor Bill Lee on January 17, 2019, and was sworn in on February 1, 2019. In May 2023, Schwinn resigned to work for the University of Florida. In January 2025, she was nominated by President-elect Donald Trump to serve as the United States Deputy Secretary of Education. On July 31, 2025, Secretary Linda McMahon announced that Schwinn's candidacy for Deputy Secretary had been withdrawn.

Governor of Tennessee
The governor of Tennessee is the head of government of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor is the only official in the Tennessee state government who is directly elected by the voters of the entire state.

The current governor is Bill Lee, a member of the Republican Party, who took office on January 19, 2019, as the state's 50th governor. He was re-elected to serve a second term in 2022.
Yuna Shiraiwa
Yuna Shiraiwa (白岩 優奈, Shiraiwa Yūna; born November 26, 2001) is a former Japanese figure skater. She is the 2018 CS Asian Open silver medalist, the 2017 Asian Trophy silver medalist, and the 2018 Coupe du Printemps bronze medalist. At the junior level, she is a three-time ISU Junior Grand Prix medalist (two gold, one silver), and two-time Japanese Junior national silver medalist. She finished within the top five at three World Junior Championships (2016, 2017, 2019).

Japan Junior Figure Skating Championships
The Japan Junior Figure Skating Championships (Japanese: 全日本フィギュアスケートジュニア選手権) is a figure skating competition held annually to crown the national champions on the Junior level for Japan. The first Japan Junior Figure Skating Championships was held in 1931. It is the junior level equivalent of the Japan Figure Skating Championships. Skaters who place high enough at this competition can earn invitations to compete at the senior championships.
Rayner Goddard, Baron Goddard
William Edgar Rayner Goddard, Baron Goddard, GCB, PC (10 April 1877 – 29 May 1971) was Lord Chief Justice of England from 1946 to 1958, known for his strict sentencing and mostly conservative views despite being the first Lord Chief Justice to be appointed by a Labour government, as well as the first to possess a law degree. Goddard's no-nonsense reputation was reflected in a number of nicknames that he acquired, which included: "The Tiger", "Justice-in-a-jiffy", and — from Winston Churchill — "Lord God-damn". He is considered one of the last hanging judges.

Hanging judge
A hanging judge is a judge who has gained notoriety for sentencing convicted persons to death by hanging, or otherwise imposing unusually harsh sentences. Hanging judges are officers of the court with mandates, as opposed to extralegal lynch law.
Adgaon, Mulshi
Adgaon is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of the village as per constitution of India and Panchayati raj (India).Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district.  Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Khalapur taluka
Khalapur taluka is a subdistrict/upazila/tehsil in Raigad district of Maharashtra. The headquarters of the taluka is Khalapur village. This taluka belongs to the Karjat sub-division, and comprises 130 villages, 5 revenue circles and 25 sajas. 56 villages of this taluka come under NAINA. Khalapur toll naka is one of the busiest tolls in the state as it serves as an important transit point for goods from the Nhava Sheva port to automative and industrial belt of Pimpri-Chinchwad.