hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pyrgomantis simillima
Pyrgomantis simillima is a species of praying mantis found in Tanzania, Transvaal Province, and Zimbabwe.  It was originally identified as two separate species: Pyrgomantis curta (Beier, 1954) and Pyrgomantis simillima (also Beier, 1954).

Transvaal (province)
The Province of Transvaal (Afrikaans: Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (/ˈtrɑːnsvɑːl, ˈtræns-/; Afrikaans: [transˈfɑːl]), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Transvaal" is from the Latin prefix trans, which means across from, or on the other side. Hence, Transvaal refers to the province's geographical location to the north of the Vaal River. Its capital was Pretoria, which was also the country's executive capital.
Roughouse
Roughouse is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is depicted as the occasional enemy of Wolverine. His first appearance was in Wolverine vol. 2,  #4. The character was created by Chris Claremont and John Buscema.

Chris Claremont
Christopher S. Claremont (/ˈklɛərmɒnt/) is an American comic book writer and novelist. Claremont worked for 16 years on Uncanny X-Men from 1975 to 1991, longer than that of any other writer, during which he is credited with developing strong female characters as well as introducing complex literary themes into superhero narratives, turning the once underachieving comic into one of Marvel's most popular series. During his tenure, X-Men was the best-selling comic book in the world.

During his tenure at Marvel, Claremont co-created dozens of X-Men characters. He wrote the stories "The Dark Phoenix Saga" and "Days of Future Past", on which he collaborated with John Byrne. He developed the character of Wolverine. X-Men #1, the 1991 spinoff series premiere that Claremont co-wrote with Jim Lee, is the bestselling comic book of all time, according to Guinness World Records. In 2015, Claremont and Byrne were entered into the Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame.
Eduard Eranosyan
Eduard Antranik Eranosyan (Bulgarian: Едуард Антраник Ераносян; born 8 February 1961), nicknamed "Edo" (Bulgarian: Едо), is a Bulgarian football manager and a former player who played as a striker. Eranosyan played for Lokomotiv Plovdiv, Vitória de Setúbal, Leixões and Boavista.

Vitória F.C.
Vitória Futebol Clube (Portuguese pronunciation: [viˈtɔɾiɐ ðɨ sɨˈtuβal]), commonly known as Vitória de Setúbal, is a Portuguese professional football club based in Setúbal that used to compete in the Primeira Liga, the top flight of Portuguese football, at the Estádio do Bonfim. At the moment, they are playing in the first division of the Setúbal FA district championship after many financial problems. The club was born under the original name Sport Victoria from the ashes of the small Bonfim Foot-Ball Club.

When it comes to main achievements in Portugal, Vitória de Setúbal has won four trophies: three Taça de Portugal and one Taça da Liga. Internationally, Vitória has won a Small Club World Cup and an Iberian Cup. Historically, it is one of the most decorated clubs in the country.
Kolb Brothers "Cat Camp" Inscription
The Kolb Brothers "Cat Camp" Inscription is a 5-foot (1.5 m) by 9-foot (2.7 m) painted inscription on a vertical rock face in Cataract Canyon in Canyonlands National Park, created by Emery and Ellsworth Kolb at one of their campsites during a 1911 exploration of the Colorado River. The inscription reads "E.C. & E.L. Kolb Cat Camp 2 10-28-1911." The Kolb brothers' expedition began on September 28, 1911 at Green River, Wyoming and ended on November 11 at Needles, California. The Kolbs documented their journey with movies and photographs, which they sold at their studio in Grand Canyon National Park. The site was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 7, 1988.

Kolb Studio
The Kolb Studio is a historic structure situated on the edge of the South Rim of the Grand Canyon in Grand Canyon Village within Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona. It was operated from 1904 until 1976 as the photographic studio of brothers Ellsworth and Emery Kolb.
Morfil Island
Morfil Island (French: Ile à Morfil; lit. "Ivory Island") is an island lying between the River Senegal and the Doué River in northern Senegal. The word Morfil is an antiquated French term for raw ivory. It is separate from the mainland for almost 150 km.

Around the 11th century, Morfil was the centre of Tekrur, one of the first Islamic West African states. As such, it was an important centre of trans-Saharan trade. The island later became part of the Ghana Empire, then the Mali Empire, and was finally conquered by the French. The French named the island for the elephants which once roamed the island, but are now locally extinct. The French colonists would use the island for elephant hunting. The main towns on the island are Podor and Saldé.

Takrur
Takrur, Tekrur or Tekrour (c. 500 – c. 1456) was a state based in the Senegal River in modern day  Senegal which was at its height in the 11th and 12th centuries, roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire. It lasted in some form into the 18th century.
The Conduct of Life
The Conduct of Life is a collection of essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson published in 1860 and revised in 1876. In this volume, Emerson sets out to answer "the question of the times:" "How shall I live?" It is composed of nine essays, each preceded by a poem. These nine essays are largely based on lectures Emerson held throughout the country, including for a young, mercantile audience in the lyceums of the Midwestern boomtowns of the 1850s.

The Conduct of Life has been named as both one of Emerson's best works and one of his worst. It was one of Emerson's most successful publications and has been identified as a source of influence for a number of writers, including Friedrich Nietzsche.

Lyceum movement
The American Lyceum Movement was a loose collection of adult education programs that flourished in the mid-19th century in the United States, particularly in the Northeast and Midwest, that were inspired by the classical Lyceum. Some of these organizations lasted until the early 20th century.
Rhododendron cyanocarpum
Rhododendron cyanocarpum is an evergreen shrub or small tree with leathery leaves and fragrant white or pink tinged flowers that are bell or funnel shaped. It is endemic to China (Sichuan and Yunnan) where it grows at altitudes of 3,000–4,000 m (9,800–13,100 ft).  It is threatened by habitat loss.

It was originally discovered by Père Jean Marie Delavay, but later introduced to western horticulture by the Scottish botanist George Forrest in 1902.

George Forrest (botanist)
George Forrest (13 March 1873 – 5 January 1932) was a Scottish botanist, who became one of the first western explorers of China's then remote southwestern province of Yunnan, generally regarded as the most biodiverse province in the country.
Hafsids of Béjaïa
The Hafsids of Béjaïa were a dynasty of independent or autonomous emirs. They were a branch of the Hafsid dynasty that ruled from Tunis; at times they recognised the caliph in Tunis and at other times they ruled independently. Periodically there was also conflict between the two branches of the dynasty.: 35–101

Abu Hafs Umar bin Yahya
Abu Hafs Umar bin Yahya (Arabic: أبو حفص عمر) (also known as Al-Mustansir II) was the Hafsid caliph of Ifriqiya (1284–1295).

After restoring Hafsid rule interrupted by the usurper Ibn Abi Umara (1283–1284), Abu Hafs Umar sought to rebuild the state in the face of invasions and challenges to his authority. He was however unable to prevent the division of Hafsid territories. During the period when the Hafsids had been driven out of Tunis by Ibn Abi Umara, Zakariyya, a nephew of Abu Hafs Umar I, conquered Bejaïa with the support of local tribes and later also gained control of Constantine. In 1285 Zakariyya also attacked Tunis and Tripoli. Although this attack was neutralized by an alliance between Abu Hafs Umar I and the Zayyanids of Tlemcen, Constantine and Bejaïa became independent of the rule of from Tunis. Abu Hafs Umar I died in 1295.
Winslow Ames
Edward Winslow Ames Jr. (July 3, 1907 –  October 3, 1990) was an American art historian, author, and museum director. His academic research focused on  Victorian art, but he "also had a deep interest in Modernism and the art of his own period".

Connecticut College
Connecticut College (Conn) is a private liberal arts college in New London, Connecticut. Originally chartered as Thames College but soon changed to Connecticut College for Women, it was founded in 1911 as the state's only women's college, a response to Wesleyan University having closed its doors to female students in 1909. The college became coeducational in 1969, adopting its current name.

Conn is a four-year residential undergraduate institution with approximately 1,900 students. Students choose courses from 41 programs, including interdisciplinary pathways and centers, with a majority choosing to study abroad. The college is situated on a hill located adjacent to the Thames River. In 1982, Conn was inducted as a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC), where its athletes compete as part of NCAA Division III.
NS Matrix Deers
NS Matrix Deers, simply known as NS Matrix, are a Malaysian men's professional basketball club based in Seremban. Founded in 2015, the Deers currently play in the Major Basketball League Malaysia (MBL). They also played in the Basketball Champions League Asia and the ASEAN Basketball League.

Basketball Champions League Asia
The Basketball Champions League Asia (BCL Asia) is an annual continental club men's basketball competition organised by FIBA Asia. It is the highest level club competition for basketball in Asia and it replaced the FIBA Asia Champions Cup.

In 1981 the FIBA Asia Club Championship was introduced and, the competition was rebranded in 2004 as the FIBA Asia Champions Cup. It lasted until 2019.

In 2024, a new tournament was launched, the Basketball Champions League Asia was launched as the continent's top tier club competition.
Death Alley
Death Alley is a studio album by the hardcore punk band Zeke. It was released in 2001 on Aces and Eights Records.

"Death Alley," the last song on the album, is used in the game Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4.

"Evil Woman" quotes "High Priest Of Rhythmic Noise," by Cheap Trick.

Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4 is a 2002 skateboarding game developed by Neversoft and published by Activision under their Activision O2 label. The game was ported by different developers to various systems. It is the fourth installment in the Tony Hawk's series. The game was released in 2002 for the GameCube, PlayStation, PlayStation 2, Xbox, and Game Boy Advance. In 2003, it was released for Windows and Mac OS X by developer Beenox and publisher Aspyr. In 2004, a Tapwave Zodiac version was released. Another port of the Game Boy Advance version was also released as a launch title for the digiBLAST, a Linux-based handheld console for children released in 2005.

A remake of the game is included as part of Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 + 4, released in 2025.
Continuous murmurs
Heart murmurs are most frequently organized by timing, into systolic heart murmurs and diastolic heart murmurs. However, continuous murmurs can not be directly placed into either category.

These murmurs are due to blood flow from a high pressure chamber or vessel to a lower pressure system.

Patent ductus arteriosus . Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is an abnormal connection between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, which normally should be closed in infancy. Since aortic pressure is higher than pulmonary pressure, a continuous murmur occurs. This murmur is often described as a machinery murmur, or Gibson's murmur. This is named for George Alexander Gibson, who characterised it in 1898.

Aortopulmonary window.

Shunts. Usually a left to right shunt through a small atrial septal defect in the presence of mitral valve obstruction.

Shunt (medical)
In medicine, a shunt is a hole or a small passage that moves, or allows movement of, fluid from one part of the body to another. The term may describe either congenital or acquired shunts; acquired shunts (sometimes referred to as iatrogenic shunts) may be either biological or mechanical.
Tarutino, Russia
Tarutino (Russian: Тару́тино) is a rural locality (a selo) in Zhukovsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Nara River 35 kilometers (22 mi) from Maloyaroslavets. It has an altitude of 262 meters (860 ft). It has a population of 733.

The 1812 Battle of Tarutino in Napoleon's invasion of Russia took place eight kilometers from the village.

Zhukovsky District, Kaluga Oblast
Zhukovsky District (Russian: Жуковский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,360 square kilometers (530 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Zhukov.  Population: 62,370 (2021 census); 48,999 (2010 census); 46,180 (2002 Census); 45,940 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zhukov accounts for 26.0% of the district's total population.
Oslo KK
Oslo Kajakklubb is a sports club from Oslo, Norway.

Established on 1 March 1931, its only sport is canoe racing. It is based at Bestumkilen outside of Skøyen, sharing the locality with the rowing club Bestumkilen RK. Member-wise, the club languished under the 1000 mark until the early 2000s, when membership was more than doubled. Among its 2,200 members in 2012, 40% were female.

Well-known members include 1936 Olympian Ivar Iversen, 1948 Olympic bronze medallist Eivind Skabo, 1976 Olympian Morten Opsahl, 1984 Olympian Finn Borchgrevink, and 2000 Olympic gold medallist Knut Holmann.

Among its head coaches are Tom Selvik. Among its chairmen of the board are Gerhard Aspheim. At times, the club has also had the chair and vice chair of the Norwegian Canoe Association, such as in 1961 with Reidar Webster and Ivar Iversen respectively.

Knut Holmann
Knut Holmann (born 31 July 1968, in Oslo) is a Norwegian sprint kayaker competed from the early 1990s to the early 2000s (decade). Competing in four Summer Olympics, he won six medals. This included three golds (K-1 500 m: 2000, K-1 1000 m: 1996, 2000), two silvers (K-1 500 m: 1996, K-1 1000 m: 1992), and one bronze (K-1 500 m: 1992).

He is widely regarded to have some of the best kayaking technique ever.

Holmann also won thirteen ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with four golds (K-1 1000 m: 1990, 1991, 1993, 1995), five silvers (K-1 500 m: 1991, 1995; K-1 1000 m: 1998, 1999; K-1 10000 m: 1993), and four bronzes (K-1 500 m: 1994, K-1 1000 m: 1994, 1997; K-4 200 m: 1998).
All Things Possible
All Things Possible is the seventh studio album by contemporary Christian musician Mark Schultz. The album is the first with Columbia Records and Fair Trade Services. This album was released on September 4, 2012, and the producers were Pete Kipley and Seth Mosley.

Seth Mosley
Seth David Mosley (born October 17, 1987) is an American Christian musician and record producer, who plays Christian pop and Christian rock. He was the frontman for the Christian alternative rock band Me in Motion. Mosley was awarded the Songwriter of the Year for a non-artist, at the 2015 GMA Dove Awards, where he was also honored as the Producer of the Year.
Dawn Riley
Dawn Riley (born July 21, 1964) is an American sailor, and a pioneer in the sport of sailboat racing. She is in the National Sailing Hall of Fame and the international America's Cup Hall of Fame and the State of Michigan Sports Hall of Fame. The only person to do this.  She sailed in four America's Cups and two Whitbread Round the World races. She was the watch captain on Maiden, the first all-women's entry in the Whitbread race, and was the team captain of the first all-women's team in the America's Cup. She later established the America True Foundation to encourage youth participation in sailing. Since 2010 she has run Oakcliff Sailing dedicated to Building American Leaders Through Sailing

1992 America's Cup
The 28th America's Cup was contested between the winner of the 1992 Citizen Cup defender selection series, America³, and the winner of the 1992 Louis Vuitton Cup challenger selection series, Il Moro di Venezia. It was the first edition of the America's Cup that was sailed on International America's Cup Class yachts.

This was last Cup of the best-of-seven format held since 1930; the best-of-nine would begin in 1995, continuing through 2007.
Atwima Mponua District
Atwima Mponua District is one of the forty-three districts in Ashanti Region, Ghana, and is the westernmost district in the Ashanti Region. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Atwima District in 1988; until part of the district was split off to create Atwima Mpouna District by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 12 November 2003 (effective 18 February 2004); while the remaining part has been renamed as Atwima Nwabiagya District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Atwima Nwabiagya Municipal District). The district assembly is located in the western part of Ashanti Region and has Nyinahin as its capital town.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.
Riau-Lingga Sultanate
Riau-Lingga Sultanate (Jawi: کسلطانن رياوليڠݢ‎, romanized: Kesultanan Riau-Lingga), also known as the Lingga-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate or Lingga Sultanate was a Malay sultanate that existed from 1824 to 1911, before being dissolved following Dutch intervention.

The sultanate came into existence as a result of the partition of the Johor-Riau Sultanate that separated Johor on the Malay Peninsula and the island of Singapore, from the Riau Archipelago. This partition followed the succession dispute following the death of Mahmud III of Johor, when Abdul Rahman was crowned as the first Sultan of Riau-Lingga. The maritime kingdom was recognised by both the British and the Dutch following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824.

Its historical territory is almost parallel to the present-day Riau Islands Province, Indonesia.

Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824
The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, also known as the Treaty of London (Dutch: Verdrag van Londen), was a treaty between the United Kingdom and the Netherlands in London on 17 March 1824. The treaty was to resolve disputes arising from the execution of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814. For the Dutch, it was signed by Hendrik Fagel and Anton Reinhard Falck, and for the British, George Canning and Charles Williams-Wynn.
Karl August Hindrey
Karl August Hindrey (15 August 1875 Abja Manor, Kreis Pernau – 9 January 1947) was an Estonian writer, journalist and cartoonist. He is mostly known through his psychological short stories and historical novels. He is also considered to be the founder of Estonian comics.

From 1904, he worked in the editorial offices of the newspapers Postimees and Päevaleht. He used the pseudonym Hoia Ronk, when he made contributions to the two newspapers mentioned above. He established two satirical magazines: Sädemed and Kratt.

During the Second World War, his activities were anti-Soviet. He was also one of the Forest Brothers.

He died in 1947. He is buried in Metsakalmistu Cemetery.

Postimees
Postimees (Estonian for '[The] Postman') is an Estonian daily newspaper established on 5 June 1857, by Johann Voldemar Jannsen. In 1891, it became the first daily newspaper in Estonia. Its current editor-in-chief is Priit Hõbemägi. The paper has approximately 250 employees.

Postimees is currently published five days a week and has the largest circulation and readership in Estonia with 55,000 copies sold during the workweek and over 72,000 on weekends.

Ninety-seven per cent of the paper's circulation is subscription-based with only three per cent sold individually. The weekend edition of Postimees, published on Saturdays, includes several separate sections: AK (Arvamus ja Kultuur), Arter, and a television-guide.

The paper is owned by namesake media company Postimees Group (formerly known as Eesti Meedia), which a company owned by entrepreneur Margus Linnamäe has a full control since 2015.
Loricariichthys anus
Loricariichthys anus is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae, the mailed catfishes, and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armoured suckermouth catfishes. This catfish occurs in coastal rivers of southern Brazil, as well as the drainage basins of the Uruguay River and the lower Paraná River in Argentina and Uruguay. L. anus reaches a maximum standard length of 46 cm (18 in) and is thought to be a facultative air breather.

Loricariinae
Loricariinae is a subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Loricariidae, the armored suckermouth catfishes. This subfamily is divided into two tribes and about 30 genera. They are mainly native to freshwater habitats in South America, but there are also several species (in genera Crossoloricaria, Dasyloricaria, Rineloricaria, Spatuloricaria, Sturisoma and Sturisomatichthys) in Panama and a single (Rineloricaria) in Costa Rica.
1947–48 Serie A
The 1947–48 Serie A was the forty-sixth edition of the Italian Football Championship. It was the fifteenth Italian Football Championship branded Serie A, since Serie A was launched in 1929. This was the twenty-second season from which the Italian Football Champions adorned their team jerseys in the subsequent season with a Scudetto. Torino were champions for the fifth time in their history. This was their fifth scudetto since the scudetto started being awarded in 1924 and their third win contested as Serie A. This was their fourth of five consecutive Italian Football Championship wins, punctuated by a two-year break due to World War II.

Scudetto
The scudetto (Italian: [skuˈdetto]; Italian for 'little shield') is a decoration having the colors of the flag of Italy which is sewn onto the jersey of the Italian sports clubs that won the highest level championship of their respective sport in the previous season. The scudetto was created in the 1920s to honour the winner of the national association football league (in 1929 rebranded as Serie A) and the first team to wear it was Genoa in 1924. Later, it was adopted by the teams of other sports.

The word scudetto is also used to indicate the Serie A trophy; "winning the scudetto" is a synonym of "winning Serie A".