hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cheyenne Depot Museum
The Cheyenne Depot Museum is a railroad museum in Cheyenne, Wyoming, United States. It is located inside the 1880s Union Pacific Railroad depot.  A National Historic Landmark, the station was the railroad's largest west of Council Bluffs, Iowa, and a major western example of Richardsonian Romanesque architecture.

The museum, founded in 1993, interprets Cheyenne's early history and that of the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad.  It houses multiple exhibits and occasionally offers tours of other railroad facilities.

Council Bluffs, Iowa
Council Bluffs is a city in and the county seat of Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. Located on the east bank of the Missouri River, it sits across from Omaha, Nebraska. The city had a population of 62,799 at the 2020 census, making it the tenth-most populous city in Iowa and the largest in Southwest Iowa. Council Bluffs is also a principal city in the Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area.

Until about 1853, Council Bluffs was known as Kanesville. Kanesville was the historic starting point of the Mormon Trail. Kanesville is also the northernmost anchor town of the other emigrant trails because there was a steam-powered boat which ferried the settlers' wagons and cattle across the Missouri River. In 1869, the first transcontinental railroad to California was connected to the existing U.S. rail network at Council Bluffs.
582d Air Resupply and Communications Wing
The 582d Air Resupply and Communications Wing  is an inactive United States Air Force wing. Its last duty assignment was at Great Falls Air Force Base, Montana.

The first predecessor of the wing was the 472d Bombardment Group, which trained Boeing B-29 Superfortress crews for combat deployment until being disbanded in 1944 at Clovis Army Air Field.  The wing was activated in 1952 and trained for psychological operations.  Although the wing was inactivated in 1953, its operational group, the 582d Air Resupply Group deployed to RAF Molesworth, England, where it conducted special operations until inactivating in October 1956.

In 1985, the 582d Air Resupply and Communications Wing and the 472d Bombardment Group were consolidated as the 472d Special Operations Wing, but the consolidated unit has not been active.

Wing (military unit)
In military aviation, a wing is a unit of command. In most military aviation services, a wing is a relatively large formation of planes. In Commonwealth countries a wing usually comprises three squadrons, with several wings forming a group (around 10 squadrons). Each squadron will contain around 20 planes.
Broughton railway station (Wales)
Broughton railway station (Welsh: Brychdyn; also proposed as Broughton Parkway; Welsh: Parcffordd Brychdyn) is a proposed railway station on the North Wales Coast line, situated north of Broughton, Flintshire, Wales. Recent proposals for the station use a site north of Airbus UK's West factory site and Hawarden Airport, where the B5129 crosses the North Wales Coast line. Older proposals for the station include using the old sites of the former Sandycroft and Saltney Ferry railway stations.

Broughton forms part of Transport for Wales' 2029 goals for the North Wales Metro.

Hawarden Airport
Hawarden Airport (IATA: CEG, ICAO: EGNR), also known as Hawarden Aerodrome, is an airport near Hawarden in Flintshire, Wales, near the border with England and 3.5 NM (6.5 km; 4.0 mi) west southwest of the city of Chester.

Aviation Park Group (APG) is based at the airport and provides handling and related services to private clients.  APG has a longterm tenancy agreement with Airbus UK, giving sole handling rights at the site. A large Airbus factory, which produces aircraft wings, is located at the airport. The factory is known as the Broughton factory, named after the nearest village.
Cancura
Cancura is a village (Spanish: aldea) in the southeastern part of the commune of Osorno in south-central Chile. It lies along the left (northern) bank of Rahue River about halfway between its origin in Rupanco Lake and its passage through the city of Osorno. The town had 786 inhabitants as of 2017.

Rahue River
Rahue River (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈrawe]) is a river of Chile located in Los Lagos Region. It rises at the western end of the Rupanco Lake. In its middle course, the river flows through the city of Osorno in a north-south direction. Rahue river empties into the Bueno River 40 km inland from the Pacific Ocean.
Roman Catholic Diocese of Evinayong
The Diocese of Evinayong is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in Equatorial Guinea. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Malabo, yet depends on the missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.

Its cathedral is the Catedral de San José, dedicated to Saint Joseph, in the episcopal see of Evinayong, capital of Centro Sur province, Región Continental.

Suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the Romanian Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church, although such a diocese is governed by its own bishop or ordinary, who is the suffragan bishop, the metropolitan archbishop has in its regard certain rights and duties of oversight. He has no power of governance within a suffragan diocese, but has some limited rights and duties to intervene in cases of neglect by the authorities of the diocese itself.
2006 Virginia ballot measures
The 2006 Virginia State Elections took place on Election Day, November 7, 2006, the same day as the U.S. House and the U.S. Senate elections in the state.  The only statewide elections on the ballot were three constitutional referendums to amend the Virginia State Constitution.  Because Virginia state elections are held on off-years, no statewide officers or state legislative elections were held.  All referendums were referred to the voters by the Virginia General Assembly.

Amendment
An amendment is a formal or official change made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document.  It is based on the verb to amend, which means to change for better.  Amendments can add, remove, or update parts of these agreements.  They are often used when it is better to change the document than to write a new one. Only the legislative branch is involved in the amendment process.
Shawnee darter
The Shawnee darter (Etheostoma tecumsehi) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States, where it occurs in the upper Pond River in Kentucky.  It inhabits shallow gravel riffles and rocky runs and pools of headwaters, creeks, and small rivers.  This species can reach a length of 5.4 cm (2.1 in).

Perch
Perch is a common name for freshwater fish from the genus Perca, which belongs to the family Percidae of the large order Perciformes. The name comes from Greek: πέρκη, romanized: perke, meaning the type species of this genus, the European perch (P. fluviatilis).

Many species of freshwater game fish more or less resemble perch, but belong to different genera. In fact, the exclusively saltwater-dwelling red drum (which belongs to a different order Acanthuriformes) is often referred to as a "red perch", though by definition perch are freshwater species. Though many fish are referred to as perch as a common name, to be considered a true perch, the fish must be of the family Percidae.

The earliest fossil remains of Perca are known from the Middle Miocene of Ukraine.
Grace Morley
Grace Louise McCann Morley (née Grace Louise McCann; November 3, 1900 – January 8, 1985) was an American art historian, curator and museologist of global influence. She was the first director of the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (formerly the San Francisco Museum of Art) and held the position for 23 years starting in 1935. In an interview with Thomas Tibbs, she is credited with being a major force in encouraging young American artists. The government of India awarded her the Padma Bhushan, its third highest civilian award, in 1982.

American Federation of Arts
The American Federation of Arts (AFA) is a nonprofit organization that creates art exhibitions for presentation in museums around the world, publishes exhibition catalogues, and develops education programs. The organization's founding in 1909 was endorsed by Theodore Roosevelt and spearheaded by Secretary of State Elihu Root and eminent art patrons and artists of the day. The AFA's mission is to enrich the public's experience and understanding of the visual arts, and this is accomplished through its exhibitions, catalogues, and public programs. To date, the AFA has organized or circulated approximately 3,000 exhibitions that have been viewed by more than 10 million people in museums in every state, as well as in Canada, Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Eyprepocprifas
Eyprepocprifas is a genus of grasshoppers in the subfamily Eyprepocnemidinae with the sole species, Monte Gordo grasshopper (Eyprepocprifas insularis) known only from São Nicolau in the Cape Verde Islands.

It was formally described from a single specimen in 1980, declared extinct in 1996, and rediscovered in 2025.

São Nicolau, Cape Verde
São Nicolau (Portuguese for Saint Nicholas) is one of the Barlavento (Windward) islands of Cape Verde. It is located between the islands of Santa Luzia and Sal. Its population is 12,424 (2015),: 36  with an area of 343 km2 (132 sq mi).: 25  The main towns are Ribeira Brava and Tarrafal de São Nicolau.
Entertainment (2014 film)
Entertainment is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language comedy film written and directed by screenwriter duo Sajid-Farhad and produced by Ramesh S. Taurani under the Tips Industries Limited banner. Based on an original story by K. Subash, the film stars Junior: The Wonder Dog as the titular protagonist and Akshay Kumar, along with Tamannaah Bhatia, Mithun Chakraborty, Sonu Sood, Krushna Abhishek, Johnny Lever and Prakash Raj. The film's music was composed by Sachin–Jigar, with cinematography by Manoj Soni and editing by Steven H. Bernard.

Entertainment was released theatrically worldwide on 8 August 2014. The film received mixed reviews and grossed ₹115.93 crore at the box office against a budget of ₹88 crore, falling short of breaking even.

Krushna Abhishek
"Krishna" Abhishek Sharma (born 30 May 1983) is an Indian actor, comedian, and television host. He is known for his humorous work in comedy shows on Indian television such as Comedy Circus, Comedy Nights Bachao, The Kapil Sharma Show,The Great Indian Kapil Show and Laughter Chefs – Unlimited Entertainment. He gained fame as a comedian after participating in several seasons of the Comedy Circus show on Sony TV. He also appeared in dance reality shows, including Nach Baliye 3 (2007) and Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 4 (2010). His dance moves are inspired by his maternal uncle Govinda.

He has hosted Entertainment Ke Liye Kuch Bhi Karega, OMG! Yeh Mera India, Comedy Nights Bachao, and Comedy Nights Live shows on Sony TV, History TV18, and  Colors TV respectively.
Cotoneaster rehderi
Cotoneaster rehderi, the bullate cotoneaster, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is native to western Sichuan in China, and has been introduced as a garden escapee to Alaska, British Columbia, Washington state, the British Isles, France, Belgium, and Germany. Found growing in a wide variety of habitats, including sand dunes, it is very similar to hollyberry cotoneaster (Cotoneaster bullatus) but has larger, darker leaves.

Escaped plant
An escaped plant is a cultivated plant that has escaped from agriculture, forestry or garden cultivation and has become naturalized in the wild. Usually not native to an area, escaped plants may become invasive. Therefore, escaped plants are the subject of research in invasion biology.

All escaped plants belong to the so-called hemerochoric plants. This term is used across the board for plants that have been introduced directly or indirectly by humans. The term also includes the unintentionally introduced plants that were introduced through seed pollution (speirochoric) or through unintentional transport (agochoric).

Some ornamental plants have characteristics which allow them to escape cultivation and become weedy in alien ecosystems with far-reaching ecological and economic consequences. Escaped garden plants may be called garden escapes or escaped ornamentals. Sometimes, their origins can even be traced back to botanical gardens.
Vytina
Vytina (Greek: Βυτίνα, Vytína) is a mountain village and a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. It is considered a traditional settlement. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Gortynia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 139.309 km2. The seat of the municipality was the village Vytina. The village is located at the foot of the mountain range Mainalo. The area produces marble, a variation called the Black of Vytina.
Vytina is 10 km east of Levidi, 15 km northeast of Dimitsana and 24 km northwest of Tripoli. The Greek National Road 74 (Tripoli - Pyrgos) passes through Vytina. The ancient Arcadian city Methydrion was located near Vytina.

Pyrgos, Elis
Pyrgos (Greek: Πύργος, romanized: Pýrgos, lit. 'tower') is a city in the northwestern Peloponnese, Greece, the capital of the regional unit of Elis and the seat of the Municipality of Pyrgos. The city is located in the middle of a plain, 4 kilometres (2 miles) from the Ionian Sea. The river Alfeios flows into sea about 7 km (4 mi) south of Pyrgos. The population of the town Pyrgos is 26,052, and of the municipality 45,365 (2021). Pyrgos is 16 km (10 mi) west of Olympia, 16 km (10 mi) southeast of Amaliada, 70 km (43 mi) southwest of Patras and 85 km (53 mi) west of Tripoli.
Grant McCann
Grant Samuel McCann (born 14 April 1980) is a Northern Irish professional football manager and former player who played as a midfielder in the Football League. He is the manager of EFL League One club Doncaster Rovers.

McCann also won 39 caps for Northern Ireland after making his senior debut against Malta in 2001, with the last of his 39 caps gained against the Netherlands in June 2012.

EFL League Two Manager of the Month
The EFL League Two Manager of the Month is a monthly association football award to recognise the outstanding team manager in EFL League Two, the fourth tier of English football. The recipient is chosen by a panel assembled by the League's sponsor, Sky Bet, and the award is announced alongside those for the EFL Championship and EFL League One Manager of the Month at the beginning of the following month. The League Two award was introduced in February 2005 when Coca-Cola was the sponsor. Their sponsorship ended in 2010.

The highest number of awards won is five by Keith Hill, all with Rochdale. Phil Brown, John Coleman, Paul Ince and Chris Wilder have won four awards each and another ten managers have won three apiece. At club level, Bury managers have won the award eight times, followed by Northampton Town. Port Vale and Southend United (all seven).
Fran McKee
Fran McKee (September 13, 1926 – March 3, 2002) was the first female line officer to hold the rank of Rear Admiral in the United States Navy.  She was promoted to the rank of Rear Admiral (Lower Half) on June 1, 1976 and earned her second star in November 1978.  Rear Admiral McKee was one of the first two women selected to attend the Naval War College, and was the first woman to command  an activity of the Naval Security Group Command.

Rear Admiral McKee retired from the Navy in 1981, and died on March 3, 2002, aged 75, after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage; she was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery on April 8, 2002. A reception was held in the Women in Military Service for America Memorial at Arlington, Virginia.  She was inducted into the Alabama Women's Hall of Fame in 2007.

Naval Postgraduate School
Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is a Naval command with a graduate university mission, operated by the United States Navy and located in Monterey, California.

The NPS mission is to provide "defense-focused graduate education, including classified studies and interdisciplinary research, to advance the operational effectiveness, technological leadership and warfighting advantage of the Naval service."

It offers master's and doctoral degrees in more than 70 fields of study to the U.S. Armed Forces, Department of Defense civilians and international partners. Established in 1909, the school also offers research fellowship opportunities at the postdoctoral level through the National Academies' National Research Council research associateship program.
1992 Spanish Grand Prix
The 1992 Spanish Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 3 May 1992 at the Circuit de Catalunya, Montmeló. The 65-lap race was the fourth round of the 1992 Formula One World Championship and was won by Nigel Mansell driving a Williams-Renault and scoring the third grand chelem of his career.

The race was also advertised as the Grand Prix of the Olympic Games. The race was moved up from its former September date, and held just months before the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Grand Slam (Formula One)
A Grand Slam (sometimes referred to by its French name: Grand Chelem) is a rare achievement in Formula One where a driver fulfils the following criteria during a single race weekend:

starts from pole position,

sets the fastest lap of the race,

leads every lap of the race, and

wins the race.
Beatrix of Andechs-Merania
Beatrix of Merania (1210 – 9 February 1271) was a princess of Merania by birth, and the Countess of Weimar-Orlamünde by marriage.

Beatrix was the daughter of Otto I, Duke of Merania and Beatrice II, Countess of Burgundy.

She was an heiress to Plassenburg Castle, with Kulmbach and Mittelberg and the Lordship of Berneck, including Goldkronach, Meinau, Wirsberg, Pretzendorf (now called Himmelkron), Zwernitz Castle and Trebgast.

Kulmbach
Kulmbach (German pronunciation: [ˈkʊlmbax] ⓘ) is the capital of the district of Kulmbach in Bavaria in Germany. The town, once a stronghold of the Principality of Bayreuth, is renowned for its University of Life Sciences, a branch of the University of Bayreuth, the massive Plassenburg Castle, which houses the largest tin soldier museum in the world, for its brewery, its vivid food industry, which hosts some of the world's biggest food businesses, and for its sausages, or Bratwürste.
Richard Sheppard (architect)
Sir Richard Herbert Sheppard CBE RA (2 July 1910 – 18 December 1982) was an English architect.

Sheppard was born in Bristol. He was educated at Bristol Grammar School and trained as an architect at the Royal West of England Academy. During his time there, he lost the use of his legs through poliomyelitis. He was married to Jean Shufflebottom

Sheppard's firm, Richard Sheppard, Robson & Partners, founded in 1958, was responsible for the design of over eighty schools, as well as buildings at Loughborough University, the University of Leicester, Brunel University, City University, the University of Durham, the University of Newcastle, Manchester Polytechnic, Imperial College, London, and Churchill College, Cambridge.

He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1964 and was knighted in 1981.

Loughborough University
Loughborough University (abbreviated as Lough or Lboro for post-nominals) is a public research university in the market town of Loughborough, Leicestershire, England. It has been a university since 1966, but it dates back to 1909, when Loughborough Technical Institute was founded. In March 2013, the university announced it had bought the former broadcast centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park as a second campus. The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £386.2 million, of which £57.0 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £379.5 million. In 2024, Loughborough ranked ninth nationally for undergraduate education.
San Bartolo
San Bartolo is the Spanish name for Saint Bartholomew. In Spanish speaking countries it is often used as part of placenames, including:

San Bartolo Coyotepec, in Oaxaca, Mexico

San Bartolo Soyaltepec, in Oaxaca, Mexico

San Bartolo Tutotepec, in Hidalgo, Mexico

San Bartolo Yautepec, in Oaxaca, Mexico

San Bartolo, Totonicapán, in Guatemala

San Bartolo (Maya site) near Tikal in Guatemala

San Bartolo District, in the Lima Province, Peru

San Bartolo, Veraguas, Panama

San Bartolo (Mexico City Metrobús), a BRT station in Mexico City

San Bartolo District
San Bartolo is a district in southern Lima Province in Peru. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean on the west, the district of Punta Negra on the north, the Huarochirí Province on the east, and the Santa María del Mar District  on the south.

It is well known for its beaches and attracts many beachgoers every summer. Many of them also rent apartments during this season, making the district's population increase considerably. San Bartolo has some restaurants and a club with a large seawater swimming pool.
Action theory (philosophy)
Action theory or theory of action is an area in philosophy concerned with theories about the processes causing willful human bodily movements of a more or less complex kind. This area of thought involves epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, jurisprudence, and philosophy of mind, and has attracted the strong interest of philosophers ever since Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (Third Book). With the advent of psychology and later neuroscience, many theories of action are now subject to empirical testing.

Philosophical action theory, or the philosophy of action, should not be confused with sociological theories of social action, such as the action theory established by Talcott Parsons.  Nor should it be confused with activity theory.

Motor system
The motor system is the set of central and peripheral structures in the nervous system that support motor functions, i.e. movement. Peripheral structures may include skeletal muscles and neural connections with muscle tissues. Central structures include cerebral cortex, brainstem, spinal cord, pyramidal system including the upper motor neurons, extrapyramidal system, cerebellum, and the lower motor neurons in the brainstem and the spinal cord.

The motor system is a biological system with close ties to the muscular system and the circulatory system. To achieve motor skill, the motor system must accommodate the working state of the muscles, whether hot or cold, stiff or loose, as well as physiological fatigue.
The Twelfth Night Feast
The Twelfth Night Feast is a relatively large 1662 oil  painting by Jan Steen, now in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, which bought it in 1945.

The picture depicts the Twelfth Night celebrations marking the end of the Christmas festivities and the beginning of Epiphany. It is the date when the Three Kings arrived at the stable in Bethlehem to pay homage to the newborn Jesus.

Here Steen depicts in his typical style the indoor celebrations in a well-to-do Dutch household. Children are playing on the floor with three candles symbolic of the three kings, whilst at the table, between the carousing adults, another boy offers a youngster dressed as a king a bite of his festival waffle.

Jan Steen
Jan Havickszoon Steen (c. 1626 – buried 3 February 1679) was a Dutch Golden Age painter, one of the leading genre painters of the 17th century. His works are known for their psychological insight, sense of humour and abundance of colour. Their satire also mocks the behavior and attitudes of the Dutch bourgeoisie.