hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Věra Chytilová
Věra Chytilová (Czech: [ˈvjɛra ˈxɪcɪlovaː]; 2 February 1929 – 12 March 2014) was an avant-garde Czech film director and pioneer of Czech cinema. Banned by the Czechoslovak government in the 1960s, she is best known for her Czech New Wave 1966 film Sedmikrásky (Daisies). Her subsequent films screened at international film festivals, including Vlčí bouda (1987), which screened at the 37th Berlin International Film Festival, A Hoof Here, a Hoof There (1989), which screened at the 16th Moscow International Film Festival, and The Inheritance or Fuckoffguysgoodday (1992), which screened at the 18th Moscow International Film Festival. For her work, she received the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, Medal of Merit and the Czech Lion award.

37th Berlin International Film Festival
The 37th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 20 February to 3 March 1987. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Soviet film Tema, directed by Gleb Panfilov.

The retrospective was in honour of Armenian-American film and theatre director Rouben Mamoulian. The homage was dedicated to French couple Jean-Louis Barrault, actor and director, and Madeleine Renaud, actress. It was titled Renaud-Barrault au cinéma.
2008 Colorado Referendum L
Referendum L was a referendum in Colorado, USA in 2008, to lower the age requirement to participate in the Colorado State Legislature from 25 to 21. The measure was rejected by voters 53.7% to 46.3% on November 4, 2008.

Colorado General Assembly
39°44′21″N 104°59′05″W﻿ / ﻿39.7392°N 104.9848°W﻿ / 39.7392; -104.9848
The Colorado General Assembly is the state legislature of the State of Colorado. It is a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives that was created by the 1876 state constitution. Its statutes are codified in the Colorado Revised Statutes (C.R.S.). The session laws are published in the Session Laws of Colorado.

Colorado's legislature is similar to those of other states, except that, unlike many states, Colorado does not give its lieutenant governor any legislative authority (e.g. tie-breaking vote).
1939 Danish Folketing election
Folketing elections were held in Denmark on 3 April 1939, except in the Faroe Islands where they were held on 19 April. They followed a dissolution of both chambers in order to call a referendum on changing the constitution. The referendum was held on 23 May but failed due to a low voter turnout. The result of the elections was a victory for the Social Democratic Party, which won 64 of the 149 seats. Voter turnout was 79.2% in Denmark proper and 47.8% in the Faroes.

1939 Danish constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Denmark on 23 May 1939. Voters were asked whether they approved of a new constitution. Although it was approved by 91.9% of those who voted, a turnout of only 48.9% meant that the percentage of eligible voters approving it was only 44.46%, below the 45% required by the existing constitution of 1915.

The Danish constitution was finally altered to its present form following a 1953 referendum.
Rudolf Modley
Rudolf Modley (November 3, 1906 – September 28, 1976) was an Austrian-American research executive, graphic designer, management consultant and author, who founded Pictorial Statistics Inc. in 1934. He illustrated and wrote a series of books on pictorial statistics and pictorial symbolism.

Modley introduced and popularized the Isotype picture language in the United States, whereby he developed an own version of pictorial statistics. He also designed many pictorial symbols in the 1930s and 1940s, and worked on standardization of pictorial symbols.

Pictogram
A pictogram (also pictogramme, pictograph, or simply picto) is a graphic symbol that conveys meaning through its visual resemblance to a physical object. Pictograms are used in systems of writing and visual communication. A pictography is a writing system which uses pictograms. Some pictograms, such as hazard pictograms, may be elements of formal languages.

In the field of prehistoric art, the term "pictograph" has a different definition, and specifically refers to art painted on rock surfaces. Pictographs are contrasted with petroglyphs, which are carved or incised.

Small pictograms displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate are called icons.
Disk operating system
A disk operating system (DOS) is a computer operating system that requires a disk or other direct-access storage device as secondary storage. A DOS provides a file system and a means for loading and running programs stored on the disk.

The term is now historical, as most if not all operating systems for general-purpose computers now require direct-access storage devices as secondary storage.

Direct-access storage device
A direct-access storage device (DASD) (pronounced /ˈdæzdiː/) is a secondary storage device in which "each physical record has a discrete location and a unique address". The term was coined by IBM to describe devices that allowed random access to data, the main examples being drum memory and hard disk drives.  Later, optical disc drives and  flash memory units are also classified as DASD.

The term DASD contrasts with sequential access storage device such as a magnetic tape drive, and unit record equipment such as a punched card device. A record on a DASD can be accessed without having to read through intervening records from the current location, whereas reading anything other than the "next" record on tape or deck of cards requires skipping over intervening records, and requires a proportionally long time to access a distant point in a medium. Access methods for DASD include sequential, partitioned, indexed, and direct.

The DASD storage class includes both fixed and removable media.
Geology of England
The geology of England is mainly sedimentary. The youngest rocks are in the south east around London, progressing in age in a north westerly direction. The Tees–Exe line marks the division between younger, softer and low-lying rocks in the south east and the generally older and  harder rocks of the north and west which give rise to higher relief in those regions. The geology of England is recognisable in the landscape of its counties, the building materials of its towns and its regional extractive industries.

Sinkhole
A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer. The term is sometimes used to refer to doline, enclosed depressions that are also known as shakeholes, and to openings where surface water enters into underground passages known as ponor, swallow hole or swallet. A cenote is a type of sinkhole that exposes groundwater underneath. Sink and stream sink are more general terms for sites which drain surface water, possibly by infiltration into sediment or crumbled rock.

Most sinkholes are caused by karst processes – the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks, collapse or suffosion processes. Sinkholes are usually circular and vary in size from tens to hundreds of meters both in diameter and depth, and vary in form from soil-lined bowls to bedrock-edged chasms. Sinkholes may form gradually or suddenly, and are found worldwide.
Dianthus micropetalus
Dianthus micropetalus (Grassveld pink) is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae.

It is indigenous to the dry grassland and karoo terrain in the central and northwestern parts of South Africa, from near Cradock in the south east, to Namibia in the north west. It is recorded from Griekwastad, Windsorton, and Colesberg.

Griekwastad
Griekwastad is a country town in South Africa. It is sometimes still called Griquatown (the meaning of the town's name in Afrikaans), a name which is now considered historical. On maps from the 1840s is the town also called "Karrikamma",
or called ’Gatee t’Kamma according to the book The native races of South Africa.

The town is on the N8 road in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa 168 kilometres (104 mi) by road west from the city of Kimberley. It was the first town to be established in the country north of the Orange River.
Pentagram
A pentagram (sometimes known as a pentalpha, pentangle, or star pentagon) is a regular five-pointed star polygon, formed from the diagonal line segments of a convex (or simple, or non-self-intersecting) regular pentagon. Drawing a circle around the five points creates a similar symbol referred to as the pentacle, which is used widely by Wiccans and in paganism, or as a sign of life and connections.

The word pentagram comes from the Greek word πεντάγραμμον (pentagrammon), from πέντε (pente), "five" + γραμμή (grammē), "line".
The word pentagram refers to just the star and the word pentacle refers to the star within a circle, although there is some overlap in usage. The word pentalpha is a 17th-century revival of a post-classical Greek name of the shape.

Vertex (geometry)
In geometry, a vertex (pl.: vertices or vertexes), also called a corner, is a point where two or more curves, lines, or line segments meet or intersect. For example, the point where two lines meet to form an angle and the point where edges of polygons and polyhedra meet are vertices.
Lord Emsworth and the Girl Friend
"Lord Emsworth and the Girl Friend" is a short story by P. G. Wodehouse, which first appeared in the United States in the 6 October 1928 issue of Liberty and in the United Kingdom in the November 1928 The Strand. Part of the Blandings Castle canon, it features the absent-minded peer Lord Emsworth, and was included in the collection Blandings Castle and Elsewhere (1935), although the story takes place sometime between the events of Leave it to Psmith (1923) and Summer Lightning (1929). Wodehouse intended to write a sequel, set 8 years after the events of this story.

Liberty (general interest magazine)
Liberty was an American weekly general-interest magazine, originally priced at five cents and subtitled, "A Weekly for Everybody." It was launched in 1924 by McCormick-Patterson, the publisher until 1931, when it was taken over by Bernarr Macfadden until 1941. At one time it was said to be "the second greatest magazine in America," ranking behind The Saturday Evening Post in circulation. It featured contributions from some of the biggest politicians, celebrities, authors, and artists of the 20th century. The contents of the magazine provided a unique look into popular culture, politics, and world events through the Roaring Twenties, Great Depression, World War II, and postwar America. It ceased publication in 1950 and was revived briefly in 1971.
L'Île-Perrot
The Town of Île-Perrot (French/official name: Ville de l'Île-Perrot, pronounced [lil pɛʁo]) is a town and municipality on Île Perrot in southwestern Quebec, Canada. The population as of the Canada 2016 Census was 10,756. The town is at the western end of Lake Saint-Louis, and borders the local island communities of Terrasse-Vaudreuil, Pincourt and Notre-Dame-de-l'Île-Perrot. It also includes Dowker Island and the small Claude and Bellevue Islands (Île Claude and Île Bellevue).

Dowker Island
Dowker Island is an uninhabited island in Lake Saint Louis, a widening of the Saint Lawrence River south of Montreal Island, Quebec. It is in the municipality of Notre-Dame-de-l'Île-Perrot which intends to preserve its natural state.

The island is about a kilometre in length and breadth. Its surface geology is undifferentiated till deposits. It is low-lying, mostly in a 100-year flood area, and contains a muskrat habitat.
The Uninvited (2003 film)
The Uninvited, also known as A Table for Four, is a 2003 South Korean psychological horror film directed by Lee Soo-yeon. It follows Kang Jung-won (Park Shin-yang), an interior designer who begins seeing ghosts and teams up with narcoleptic Jung-yeon (Jun Ji-hyun) to uncover the reason behind their shared ability. The film was released on August 8, 2003.

Yoo Sun
Wang Yoo-sun (Korean: 왕유선; born February 11, 1976), known professionally as Yoo Sun, is a South Korean actress. She is best known for the popular family drama My Too Perfect Sons, as well as the films Black House, Moss, GLove, and Don't Cry Mommy.
BarkleyOKRP
BarkleyOKRP (formerly Barkley Evergreen & Partners and Barkley) is a full-service independent advertising agency headquartered in Kansas City, Missouri. Founded in 1964, the agency has worked with clients such as  Sonic Drive-In, Planet Fitness, and Dairy Queen. Barkley is the largest independent advertising agency in Kansas City, and was ranked seventh-largest in the U.S.

In 2024, Barkley merged with Chicago-based OKRP to form BarkleyOKRP.

Advertising agency
An advertising agency, often referred to as a creative agency or an ad agency, is a business dedicated to creating, planning, and handling advertising and sometimes other forms of promotion and marketing for its clients. An ad agency is generally independent of the client; it may be an internal department or agency that provides an outside point of view to the effort of selling the client's products or services, or an outside firm. An agency can also handle overall marketing and branding strategies and promotions for its clients, which may include sales as well.

Typical ad agency clients include businesses and corporations, non-profit organizations and private agencies. Agencies may be hired to produce television advertisements, radio advertisements, online advertising, out-of-home advertising, mobile marketing, and AR advertising, as part of an advertising campaign.
Variety (1925 film)
Variety (German: Varieté [ˌvaʀi̯eˈte], also known by the alternative titles Jealousy or Vaudeville) is a 1925 German silent drama film directed by Ewald Andre Dupont based on the 1912 novel The Oath of Stephan Huller by Felix Hollaender.

The trapeze scenes are set in the Berlin Wintergarten theatre. The camera swings from long shot to close-up, like the acrobats.

The story was loosely remade by Dupont as the 1931 German sound film Salto Mortale.

Remake
A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same story as the original but uses a different set of casts, and may use actors from the original, alter the theme, or change the flow and setting of the story. In addition, since a remake is released some time after the original work, it may incorporate new technologies, enhancements, and techniques that had not existed or been commonly used when the original work was created. Similar but not synonymous terms are reimagining or reboot, which indicates a greater discrepancy between, for example, a movie and the movie it is based on.
Musical gesture
In music, gesture is any movement, either physical (bodily) or mental (imaginary). As such "gesture" includes both categories of movements required to produce sound and categories of perceptual moves associated with those gestures. The concept of musical gestures has received much attention in various musicological disciplines (e.g. music analysis, music therapy,  music psychology, NIME) in recent years.

For example, the "musical" movement from a close-position tonic C major chord to a close-position dominant G major chord requires on the piano the physical movement from each white key of the first chord to the right (in space, upwards in pitch) four white keys or steps. Thus gesture includes both characteristic physical movements by performers and characteristic melodies, phrases, chord progressions, and arpeggiations produced by (or producing) those movements.

Musical analysis
Musical analysis is the study of musical structure in either compositions or performances. According to music theorist Ian Bent, music analysis "is the means of answering directly the question 'How does it work?'". The method employed to answer this question, and indeed exactly what is meant by the question, differs from analyst to analyst, and according to the purpose of the analysis. According to Bent, "its emergence as an approach and method can be traced back to the 1750s. However it existed as a scholarly tool, albeit an auxiliary one, from the Middle Ages onwards."

The principle of analysis has been variously criticized, especially by composers, such as Edgard Varèse's claim that, "to explain by means of [analysis] is to decompose, to mutilate the spirit of a work".
Tatsuo Utagawa
Tatsuo Utagawa (宇田川 竜男, Utagawa Tatsuo; 1917 – 2006) is a Japanese ornithologist and retired professor from Azabu University. A native of Tokyo, he graduated from Tokyo University in 1937 in veterinary medicine. He worked at Ueno Zoo. In 1958 he obtained his doctorate in science from Hokkaido University, on research in "A Comparative Study of chromosomes in birds". Later he became the Section Chief for Birds and Wild Animals at the Experimental Forestry Station for the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 
In 1959 he was awarded the Ornithological Society of Japan Award and published various academic papers in the OSJ journal and other academic journals.

Hokkaido University
Hokkaido University (北海道大学, Hokkaidō daigaku), or Hokudai (北大), is a public research university in Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. Founded in 1918, it is the fifth-oldest government-authorised university in Japan and one of the former Imperial Universities.

The university finds its roots in Sapporo Agricultural College, which was a pioneer in the country's modern agricultural education and research, founded in 1876. The university's motto is 'Boys, Be Ambitious', which is said to be the parting words of the American dean of the Agricultural College, William S. Clark.

The university has 12 undergraduate faculties and 21 postgraduate schools. The university mainly operates on two campuses: the main campus is located in downtown Sapporo, just north of Sapporo Station, and the other campus is located in Hakodate, primarily used by the Faculty of Fishery Sciences.
Toowoomba–Karara Road
Toowoomba–Karara Road is a continuous 82.5 kilometres (51.3 mi) road route in the Toowoomba and Southern Downs regions of Queensland, Australia. Most of the route is signed as State Route 48. Toowoomba–Karara Road (number 331) is a state-controlled district road. As part of State Route 48 it provides an alternate route between Toowoomba and Inglewood. It is also part of the shortest route from Toowoomba to Texas.

Southern Downs Region
The Southern Downs Region is a local government area (LGA) in the Darling Downs region of Queensland, Australia. The region runs along the state's southern boundary with New South Wales and was created in 2008 from a merger of the Shire of Warwick and the Shire of Stanthorpe. As at 2024, it has an area of 7,088 square kilometres (2,737 sq mi).

In the 2021 census, the Southern Downs Region had a population of 36,290 people.
1998–99 Russian Cup
The 1998–99 Russian Cup was the seventh season of the Russian football knockout tournament since the dissolution of Soviet Union.

Andrey Kobelev played for both eventual finalists during the tournament, captaining Dynamo Moscow in their Round of 16 game against Alania Vladikavkaz and then transferring to Zenit Saint Petersburg in the winter and coming on as a substitute for Zenit in the final.

FC Spartak Vladikavkaz
FC Spartak Vladikavkaz  (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак Владикавказ») was a Russian football club based in Vladikavkaz (formerly Ordzhonikidze), North Ossetia–Alania. Founded in 1921, the club played in the Soviet Top League during the communist era, and won its first and only league title in the 1995 Russian Top League.
Carducci
Carducci is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bartolomeo Carducci (1560–1610), Florentine artist

Giosuè Carducci (1835–1907), Italian poet

Joe Carducci (born 1955), American writer and record producer

Marco Carducci (born 1996), Canadian soccer player

Michelangelo Carducci (16th century), Italian Renaissance painter

Vincenzo Carducci (1576/78–1638), Florentine artist

Giosuè Carducci
Giosuè Alessandro Giuseppe Carducci (27 July 1835 – 16 February 1907) was an Italian poet, writer, literary critic and teacher. He was noticeably influential, and was regarded as the official national poet of modern Italy. In 1906, he became the first Italian to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Swedish Academy awarded him the prize "not only in consideration of his deep learning and critical research, but above all as a tribute to the creative energy, freshness of style, and lyrical force which characterize his poetic masterpieces."
Jingyang Ridge
36°5′18.78″N 115°59′9.24″E﻿ / ﻿36.0885500°N 115.9859000°E﻿ / 36.0885500; 115.9859000
Jingyang Ridge (simplified Chinese: 景陽岗; traditional Chinese: 景陽崗; pinyin: Jǐngyáng Gāng) is a place in Yanggu County (Chinese: 阳谷县; pinyin: Yánggǔ Xiàn), Shandong Province, China, that is referred to in the classic novel Water Margin as the place where one of the novel's heroes, Wu Song, killed a man-eating tiger with his bare hands. Jingyang Ridge is located a few kilometers northwest of Zhangqiu village (Chinese: 张秋镇; pinyin: Zhāngqiū Zhèn). It is a designated scenic area that protects a hill-top temple and several monuments related to the story of Wu Song. Historical buildings and monuments in the scenic area include:

"Place of Wu Song hitting the tiger" (Chinese: 武松打虎处; pinyin: Wǔ Sōng Dá Hǔ Chù)

Wu Song Shrine (Chinese: 武松庙; pinyin: Wǔ Sōng Miào)

Mountain God Shrine (Chinese: 山神庙; pinyin: Shān Shén Miào)

Roaring Tiger Pavilion (Chinese: 虎啸亭; pinyin: Hǔ Xiào Tíng).

Yanggu, Shandong
Yanggu County (simplified Chinese: 阳谷县; traditional Chinese: 陽穀縣; pinyin: Yánggǔ Xiàn) is a county of western Shandong province, People's Republic of China, bordering the narrow strip of Henan province to the south. It is administered by the prefecture-level city of Liaocheng.

The population was 748,818 in 1999.
Sääminginsalo
Sääminginsalo has been said to be the largest true island of Finland (area 1,069 km2 or 413 sq mi). If it is considered as an island, it is the third largest island in a lake in the world. This inland island is located in Southern Savonia region, Eastern Finland and is surrounded by the lake Greater Saimaa (Haukivesi, Puruvesi and Pihlajavesi), and an artificial canal, Raikuun kanava, that was built in 1750s. The most famous sight on Sääminginsalo is the Kerimäki Church, the largest wooden church in the world.

Traditionally, Soisalo in the same lake complex has  been considered the largest island of Finland, but technically it is not a true island because the lakes surrounding it are not on the same level. The same, however, can be said of Sääminginsalo itself as well, as it is detached from mainland by an artificial canal only and does not in this respect differ in any way from peninsulas like Jutland or Peloponnesos.

Puruvesi
Puruvesi is a lake in Eastern Finland. The lake is located in Kerimäki, Kesälahti and Punkaharju municipalities. Part of the Saimaa lake system, it borders on the sub-lake system of Pihlajavesi to the south. As is the case of other lakes of Saimaa, it has numerous islands and consists of numerous open lake areas, of which largest are Hummonselkä, Pajuselkä, Sammalselkä, Mustanselkä, and Ruosteselkä.

The lake is known for its pure water and has uniquely good underwater visibility for a Finnish lake, easily extending to 6–10 metres (20–33 ft) from the surface on calm and sunny days.

Recently,  the Saimaa Ringed Seal, a rare freshwater seal species, has returned to Puruvesi. Sightings of this  animal have occurred frequently in 2006, 2007 and 2008. At least one seal was also sighted in the winter of 2009 as having wintered and given birth in the eastern part of Puruvesi.