hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Commission on Federal Ethics Law Reform
Commission on Federal Ethics Law Reform was a commission established by President George H. W. Bush in Executive Order 12668 to review federal ethics laws, executive orders, and policies and to make recommendations to the president for legislative, administrative, and other reforms needed to ensure full public confidence in the integrity of all federal public officials and employees.

Committee members:

Malcolm Richard Wilkey—Chairman

Griffin B. Bell—Vice Chairman

Jan Witold Baran

Judith Hippler Bello

Lloyd N. Cutler

Fred Fisher Fielding

Harrison H. Schmitt

R. James Woolsey

James Woolsey
Robert James Woolsey Jr. (born September 21, 1941) is an American lawyer who has served in various senior positions. He headed the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) as Director of Central Intelligence from February 5, 1993 until January 10, 1995. He held a variety of government positions in the 1970s and 1980s, including as United States Under Secretary of the Navy from 1977 to 1979, and was involved in treaty negotiations with the Soviet Union for five years in the 1980s. His career also included time as a professional lawyer, venture capitalist and investor in the private sector.
Mantis the spider robot
Mantis the spider robot is a large, robotic spider created by Matt Denton and his company Micromagic Systems. It took four years to create and design it. The robot is capable to transport one person and can circulate on any surface. The robot weighs 4,188 pounds (1,900 kg), is 9.18 feet (2.80 m) high and is powered by a Perkins Engines Turbo Diesel motor of 2.2L of 50Hp that is in charge of the hydraulic system. Several sensors around it help it to walk. The robot is controlled by a computer running the Linux operating system and HexEngine software, which controls the hydraulic solenoid in the legs. It is driver-operated by joysticks within a cockpit, can travel at approximately 1 mile per hour (1.6 km/h) and can cover 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) on a 4.5 imperial gallons (20 L) tank of diesel, but its creators are investing to triple the speed.

Perkins Engines
Perkins Engines Company Limited is primarily a diesel engine manufacturer for several markets including agricultural, construction, material handling, power generation, and industrial.  It was established in Peterborough, England in 1932 and has been a subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. since 1998. Over the years, Perkins has expanded its engine catalogue, producing thousands of different engine specifications including diesel and petrol engine automotives.
William Morrison Wyllie
William Morrison Wyllie (12 December 1820 – 13 March 1895) was a British painter, known for his coastal and maritime subjects. A number of his works are in the Southwark Art Collection. Other collections which hold examples include the Russell-Cotes Art Gallery & Museum.

Cuming Museum
The Cuming Museum in Walworth Road in Elephant and Castle, within the London Borough of Southwark, London, England, was a museum housing the collection of the Cuming family and later collections on Southwark's history. As of 2021, its collections have been rehoused in a new Southwark Heritage Centre.
Ligota, Łask County
Ligota [liˈɡɔta] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Widawa, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north of Widawa, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Łask, and 51 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łask County
Łask County (Polish: powiat łaski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łask, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 617.38 square kilometres (238.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 50,874, out of which the population of Łask is 18,684 and the rural population is 32,190.
Omar Krayem
Omar Nabil Krayem (born October 12, 1988) is a Los-Angeles born American-Palestinian professional basketball player who currently plays for Mineros de Zacatecas of the Mexican League. Standing at 183 cm (6 ft), Krayem plays as point guard.  In the 2015–16 season, Krayem led the FIBA Europe Cup in scoring with 20.4 PPG and he was second in assist at 6.6 per contest while leading Borås Basket to the second stage of the FEC.

Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional
The National Professional Basketball League (Spanish: Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional or LNBP), officially known as the Liga Caliente LNBP for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional basketball league in Mexico. The league was founded in 2000 with 10 teams.

Notable basketball players who have played in the league include Jamario Moon, Dennis Rodman and Sun Mingming, among many others.
Kellogg Point, Connecticut
Kellogg Point is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of New Fairfield, Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the southeastern part of the town, on the western shore of Candlewood Lake, and is 6 miles (10 km) north of the center of Danbury.

Kellogg Point was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

Candlewood Lake
Candlewood Lake is a manmade lake located in Fairfield and Litchfield counties of Western Connecticut, in the northeastern United States. At 8.4 square miles (22 km2), it is the largest lake in Connecticut and the largest lake in the New York metropolitan area. The lake is bordered by the city of Danbury, and the towns of Brookfield, New Fairfield, New Milford, and Sherman.  Some of the most expensive real estate in the Greater Danbury area is located along the shores of the lake.
Nathaniel Mtui
Nathaniel Mtui was a Tanzanian historian of Chagga origin born in 1892 in the mtaa of Mshiri in Marangu, Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. He was a teacher at the Colonial German Lutheran mission in Marangu. He is known for being the first person of Chagga origin to write history of the Chagga people. He wrote the Chaggan history in Kichagga, German, and Swahili from 1913 to 1916.

Nathaniel Mtui attended the Lutheran Mission school in Ashira from 1902, receiving instruction primarily from native teachers as well as missionaries Johannes Schanz, Friedrich Stamberg, and Bruno Gutmann, who taught him singing and scripture. In 1908, he began learning German from Elisabeth Seesemann, to whom he, in turn, taught Kichagga.

Chaga languages
Chaga, also Kichaga or Kichagga, is a Bantu dialect continuum spoken by the Chaga people of northern Tanzania, south of Mount Kilimanjaro.
They also speak nine dialects: Kivunjo, Kimarangu, Kirombo, Kimachame, Kisiha, Kikibosho, Kiuru, Kioldimoshi and Kingassa.

The Chaga languages are:

West Kilimanjaro (West Chaga), including Meru and Machame

Central Kilimanjaro (Central Chaga), including Mochi (Old Moshi) and Wunjo

Rombo

Rusha (Arusha-Chini)

Kahe

Gweno
Burtnieki
Burtnieki (German: Burtneck) is a village (population 488) in Burtnieki Parish, Valmiera Municipality, in the Vidzeme region of Latvia, near Lake Burtnieks. Administrative centre of Burtnieki Parish. Burtnieki was first mentioned in the Livonian Chronicle of Henry in 1208 and has several historic sites: Burtnieki castle-ruins, Burtnieki manor and Burtnieki church.

Vidzeme
Vidzeme (pronounced [ˈvid̪͡z̪eme]; Old Latvian orthography: Widda-semme, Livonian: Vidūmō) is one of the Historical Latvian Lands. The capital of Latvia, Riga, is situated in the southwestern part of the region. Literally meaning "the Middle Land", Vidzeme is situated in north-central Latvia north of the Daugava River. Sometimes in German, it was also known as Livland, the German form from Latin Livonia, though it comprises only a small part of Medieval Livonia and about half (the Latvian part) of Swedish Livonia. Most of the region's inhabitants are Latvians (85%), thus Vidzeme is the most ethnically Latvian region in the country.

The historic Governorate of Livonia is also larger than Vidzeme, since it corresponds roughly to Swedish Livonia.
District 9 (Chamber of Deputies of Chile)
District 9 (Spanish: Distrito 9) is one of the 28 multi-member electoral districts of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the National Congress, the national legislature of Chile. The district was created by the 2015 electoral reform and came into being at the following general election in 2017. It consists of the communes of Cerro Navia, Conchalí, Huechuraba, Independencia, Lo Prado, Quinta Normal, Recoleta and Renca in the region of Santiago. The district currently elects seven of the 155 members of the Chamber of Deputies using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2021 general election the district had 831,421 registered electors.

Lo Prado
Lo Prado (Spanish pronunciation: [lo ˈpɾaðo]) is a commune of Chile located in Santiago Province, Santiago Metropolitan Region. The commune borders Cerro Navia to its north, Quinta Normal to its northeast, Estación Central to its southeast and Pudahuel to its west.
Old Trees
Old Trees is a historic home and national historic district located at Cazenovia in Madison County, New York. The district contains four contributing buildings. The main house was built in 1917 as a large, two story, rustic lodge.  It was remodeled in 1937 in the Georgian Revival style by the prominent Buffalo firm of Bley and Lyman.  Also on the property is a carriage house, guest cottage, and equipment barn; all were built about 1917.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Cazenovia, New York
Cazenovia is an incorporated town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 6,740 at the time of the 2020 census. The town is named after Theophile Cazenove, the Agent General of the Holland Land Company. The village of Cazenovia is located in the center of the town. The town is on the county's western border.

The village of Cazenovia was home to Cazenovia College, a small liberal arts college, from 1824 to 2023.
El malvado Carabel (1956 film)
The Wicked Carabel (Spanish:El malvado Carabel) is a 1956 Spanish comedy film directed and also starred by Fernando Fernán Gómez about a kind and innocent man that after being fired snaps and tries to become a criminal. It was based on a novel by Wenceslao Fernández Flórez.

Wenceslao Fernández Flórez
Wenceslao Fernández Flórez (1885 in A Coruña, Galicia – 29 April 1964 in Madrid) was a popular Galician journalist and novelist of the early 20th century. Throughout his career, he retained an intense fondness for the land of his birth.
Luis Stitzinger
Luis Andreas Stitzinger (born 16 December 1968 in Füssen, Allgäu, Germany — died 25–26 May 2023 on Kangchenjunga, Nepal) was a German ski mountaineer, alpinist, and mountain guide. Stitzinger was one of the most prominent big mountain skiers of his generation, known for his ten successful summits of eight-thousanders, and ski descents of seven of them.

Broad Peak
Broad Peak is one of the eight-thousanders, and is located in the Karakoram range spanning Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan and Xinjiang, China. It is the 12th highest mountain in the world at 8,051 metres (26,414 ft) elevation above sea level. The first ascent of this mountain was in June 1957, accomplished by Fritz Wintersteller, Marcus Schmuck, Kurt Diemberger, and Hermann Buhl as part of an Austrian expedition.
The Glorious Fool
The Glorious Fool is a 1922 American silent romantic comedy drama film directed by E. Mason Hopper and starring Helene Chadwick, Richard Dix and Vera Lewis. It was based on the short stories In the Pavillion and Twenty-Two by Mary Roberts Rinehart.

Mary Roberts Rinehart
Mary Roberts Rinehart (August 12, 1876 – September 22, 1958) was an American writer, often called the American Agatha Christie. Rinehart published her first mystery novel, The Circular Staircase, in 1908, which introduced the "had I but known" narrative style. Rinehart is also considered the earliest known source of the phrase "the butler did it", in her novel The Door (1930), although the exact phrase does not appear in her work and the plot device had been used prior to that time. She also worked to tell the stories and experiences of front line soldiers during World War I, one of the first women to travel to the Belgian front lines.
Heartbroke
"Heartbroke" is a song written by Guy Clark, and originally recorded by Rodney Crowell on his 1980 album But What Will the Neighbors Think.

It was later recorded by American country music artist Ricky Skaggs.  It was released in July 1982 as the first single from the album Highways & Heartaches.  The song was Skaggs' third #1 on the country chart.  The single stayed at #1 for one week and spent a total of eleven weeks on the country chart.

Highways & Heartaches (Ricky Skaggs album)
Highways & Heartaches is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Ricky Skaggs. It was released in 1982 via Epic Records. The album peaked at number 1 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

This album is cited in the 2023 book Highways and Heartaches: How Ricky Skaggs, Marty Stuart, and Children of the New South Saved the Soul of Country Music, by the American academic Michael Streissguth. The book covers the evolution of country music from the rural routes of 1970s Appalachia to the 1980s country music boom.
Aracena Island
Aracena Island (Spanish: Isla Capitán Aracena or Isla Aracena) is an island in the Magallanes Region of Chile. It belongs to the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, and forms part of the Alberto de Agostini National Park.

For some 6000 years the coastal areas of Aracena Island have been inhabited by the Alacalufe (or Kawésqar) people. By the early years of the 21st century, the continued presence of the Alacalufe has been put seriously at risk by the actions of non-indigenous people.

The highest point on Aracena Island is Mount Vernal. (The United States Hydrographic Office in South America Pilot (Year 1916, page 316) erroneously located Mount Vernal on the Clarence Island.)

United States Hydrographic Office
The United States Hydrographic Office (USHO) prepared and published maps, charts, and nautical books required in navigation.
The office was established by an act of 21 June 1866 as part of the Bureau of Navigation, Department of the Navy.
It was transferred to the Department of Defense on 10 August 1949.
The office was abolished on 10 July 1962, replaced by the Naval Oceanographic Office.
Balling, Denmark
Balling is a town, with a population of 1,154 (1 January 2025), in Skive Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is situated on the Salling peninsula 34 km northeast of Holstebro and 12 km northwest of Skive.

Balling Church is located north of the town. It is built of ashlar and consist of a Romanesque chancel and nave with three extensions.

Salling
Salling is a peninsula located in the north-west of the larger Jutland peninsula in Denmark. The largest city in Salling is Skive, and smaller towns and villages includes Jebjerg, Roslev and Glyngøre.

The Sallingsund Bridge connects the peninsula to the island of Mors, crossing the narrow strait of Sallingsund, part of the Limfjord. The island of Fur lies to the north of the peninsula and is linked by a 3-4 minute ferry service across the Fursund from Branden.

Since January 2007, Salling has been part of the newly formed Skive municipality.
Aaron Ben-Zion ibn Alamani
Aaron Ben-zion ibn Alamani was an Egyptian Dayyan, or judge, and prominent Jew of Alexandria in the twelfth century. His family name probably means al-Umani, or "the man of Oman" (Judah ha-Levi, "Diwan," ed. Harkavy, p. 180; Steinschneider, "Jew. Quart. Rev." xi. 486). His father, whose name was Joshua, was, it seems, a physician of some repute. It was at Aaron's house that Judah ha-Levi lived while in Alexandria; and the poet is extravagant in the praise of his friend, who, to judge from the titles given him, must have been a man of importance. Two of Ha-Levi's poems are addressed to Aaron: one of them he sent with a letter in rimed prose, which letter is included in the "Diwan." Ha-Levi also mentions Aaron in a letter which he sent from Damietta to Samuel Nagid.

Damietta
Damietta (Dumyāṭ [domˈjɑːtˤ]) is a port city and the capital of the Damietta Governorate in Egypt. It is located at the Damietta branch, an eastern distributary of the Nile Delta, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the Mediterranean Sea, and about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north of Cairo. The city was a Catholic bishopric and is a multiple titular see. Damietta is also a member of the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities.
1993 RCA Championships – Singles
The 1993 RCA Championships – Singles was an event of the 1993 RCA Championships men's tennis tournament which was held from August 16 through August 22, 1993, at the Indianapolis Tennis Center in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the United States. The tournament was part of Championship Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. The singles draw consisted of 56 players and 16 of them were seeded.

First-seeded Pete Sampras was the defending champion but lost in the quarterfinals to Pat Rafter. First-seeded Jim Courier won the singles title after a 7–5, 6–3 victory in the final against third-seeded Boris Becker.

ATP International Series Gold
ATP International Series Gold (known from 1990 to 1999 as the ATP Championship Series) was a series of professional tennis tournaments held internationally between 2000 and 2008 that were part of the ATP Tour. The tournaments were positioned below the ATP Masters Series, and above the ATP International Series in terms of prize money and ranking points available.

International Series Gold tournaments offered players cash prizes (purses from $755,000 to $1,426,250 as of 2008) and the ability to earn ATP ranking points. See Association of Tennis Professionals#ATP rankings for more details.

Effective in 2009, this series of tournaments became the ATP Tour 500, incorporating many of the same tournaments. The "500" represents the number of ATP ranking points earned by the winner of each event in the series.
Ministry of Energy (Chile)
The Ministry of Energy (Spanish: Ministerio de Energía) is an entity created during the late part of the first presidency of Michelle Bachelet (2006−2010) after the releasing of the N°20.402 Decrete of Law on 1 February 2010.

Since that date, the current minister was separated from the Ministry of Mining. Its current minister is Diego Pardow Lorenzo.

Diego Pardow
Diego Gonzalo Pardow Lorenzo (Santiago, March 23, 1980) is a Chilean lawyer and politician, a member of the Social Convergence (CS) party. From September 6, 2022 to October 16, 2025, he served as the Minister of Energy in his country, under the government of President Gabriel Boric.
8-cube
In geometry, an 8-cube is an eight-dimensional hypercube. It has 256 vertices, 1024 edges, 1792 square faces, 1792 cubic cells, 1120 tesseract 4-faces, 448 5-cube 5-faces, 112 6-cube 6-faces, and 16 7-cube 7-faces.

It is represented by Schläfli symbol {4,36}, being composed of 3 7-cubes around each 6-face. It is called an octeract, a portmanteau of tesseract (the 4-cube) and oct for eight (dimensions) in Greek. It can also be called a regular hexadeca-8-tope or hexadecazetton, being an 8-dimensional polytope constructed from 16 regular facets.

It is a part of an infinite family of polytopes, called hypercubes. The dual of an 8-cube can be called an 8-orthoplex and is a part of the infinite family of cross-polytopes.

6-cube
In geometry, a 6-cube is a six-dimensional hypercube with 64 vertices, 192 edges,  240 square faces, 160 cubic cells, 60 tesseract 4-faces, and 12 5-cube 5-faces.

It has Schläfli symbol {4,34}, being composed of 3 5-cubes around each 4-face. It can be called a hexeract,  a portmanteau of tesseract (the 4-cube) with hex for six (dimensions) in Greek. It can also be called a regular dodeca-6-tope or dodecapeton, being a 6-dimensional polytope constructed from 12 regular facets.
Vatsala Thirumalai
Vatsala Thirumalai is a scientist at Neural Circuits and Development Laboratory, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru. She secured B Tech degree in biotechnology from Anna University, Chennai and PhD degree in neuroscience from Brandeis University, Waltham, MA. She was a Post-Doctoral Fellow at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY and the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

National Centre for Biological Sciences
National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) in Bangalore, Karnataka, is a research centre specialising in biological research. It is a part of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) under the Department of Atomic Energy of the Government of India. The mandate of NCBS is basic and interdisciplinary research in the frontier areas of biology.  The research interests of the faculty are in four broad areas ranging from the study of single molecules to systems biology. Obaid Siddiqi FRS (7 January 1932 – 26 July 2013) was an Indian National Research Professor and the Founder-Director of NCBS. He made several contributions to the field of behavioural neurogenetics using the genetics and neurobiology of Drosophila.
2020–21 Croatian Women's Football Cup
The 2020–21 Croatian Women's Football Cup was the 30th season of the annual Croatian football cup competition. Twenty three teams participated in the competition, all eight teams from the 2020–21 Croatian Women's First Football League and all teams from second level. The competition started on 13 September 2020 and ended on 3 June 2021 with the final in Krapina, a nominally neutral venue.

Krapina
Krapina (pronounced [krâpina]; Hungarian: Korpona) is a town in northern Croatia and the administrative centre of Krapina-Zagorje County with a population of 4,201 and a total municipality population of 11,530. Krapina is located in the Zagorje region of Croatia, approximately 55 km (34 mi) from both Zagreb and Varaždin.
Carey Fraser
Carey Mordaunt, Countess of Peterborough and Monmouth (née Carey Fraser; c. 1658 – 13 May 1709), was an English courtier. She was a maid of honour to Charles II's queen consort, Catherine of Braganza, from 1674 to 1680, and one of the Hampton Court Beauties painted by Sir Godfrey Kneller for Queen Mary II.

Courtier
A courtier (/ˈkɔːrtiər/) is a person who attends the royal court of a monarch or other royalty. The earliest historical examples of courtiers were part of the retinues of rulers. Historically, the court was the centre of government as well as the official residence of the monarch, and the social and political life were often completely mixed together.
Keri Wong
Keri Wong (born December 25, 1989) is an American former professional tennis player.

In her career, she won seven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On April 21, 2014, she peaked at No. 156 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Wong made her WTA Tour debut at the Washington Open, partnering María Fernanda Álvarez Terán in doubles. The pair won their first round and quarterfinal matches, only to lose to eventual tournament champions Shuko Aoyama and Vera Dushevina in the semifinals.

WTA rankings
The WTA rankings are the ratings defined by the Women's Tennis Association, introduced in November 1975. The computer that calculates the ranking is nicknamed "Medusa".

Aryna Sabalenka is the current world No. 1 in women's singles.