hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edmonton West
Edmonton West (French: Edmonton-Ouest) is a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1988, from 1997 to 2004 and again since 2015.

Library of Parliament
The Library of Parliament (French: Bibliothèque du Parlement) is the main information repository and research resource for the Parliament of Canada. The main branch of the library sits at the rear of the Centre Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario. The library survived the 1916 fire that destroyed Centre Block. The library has been augmented and renovated several times since its construction in 1876, the last between 2002 and 2006, though the form and decor remain essentially authentic. The building today serves as a Canadian icon, and appears on the obverse of the Canadian ten-dollar bill.

The library is overseen by the Parliamentary Librarian of Canada and an associate or assistant librarian. The Canadian Parliamentary Poet Laureate is considered to be an officer of the library.
Bob Chlupsa
Robert Joseph Chlupsa (September 16, 1945 – July 17, 2024) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. Chlupsa played for the St. Louis Cardinals in 1970 and 1971.

Chlupsa attended Cardinal Hayes High School and Manhattan College where he played baseball and basketball for the Jaspers.

Chlupsa died in Garden City, New York on July 17, 2024, at the age of 78.

Garden City, New York
Garden City is a village in Nassau County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 23,272 at the time of the 2020 census.

The Incorporated Village of Garden City is primarily within the town of Hempstead, except for a small area at the northern tip of the village that is within North Hempstead. It is the Greater Garden City area's anchor community.
The Crimson Circle (1929 film)
The Crimson Circle (German: Der rote Kreis) is a 1929 British-German sound part-talkie crime film directed by Frederic Zelnik and starring Lya Mara, Fred Louis Lerch, and Stewart Rome.  In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. The sound was recorded via the De Forest Phonofilm sound-on-film process. The film is an adaptation of the 1922 Edgar Wallace novel The Crimson Circle in which Scotland Yard detectives battle a gang of blackmailers. A previous UK version was filmed in 1922.

The film, a co-production between British International Pictures and Efzet Film. In March 1929, this film and The Clue of the New Pin, filmed in the British Phototone sound-on-disc process, were previewed in London. As with most early sound films, a silent version was edited down from the sound version for release to theatres that had not yet converted to sound.

Sound-on-film
Sound-on-film is a class of sound film processes where the sound accompanying a picture is recorded on photographic film, usually, but not always, the same strip of film carrying the picture.  Sound-on-film processes can either record an analog sound track or digital sound track, and may record the signal either optically or magnetically. Earlier technologies were sound-on-disc, meaning the film's soundtrack would be on a separate phonograph record.
Kaiafas Lake
Kaiafas lake (Greek: Λίμνη Καϊάφα) is a lake in Elis in southwestern Greece, extending north of the town of Zacharo. It was likely formed after an earthquake struck the river Anigros. It lies between the Lapithas Mountains and the Ionian Sea.

The lake is home to an algae species, Chara corfuensis.

Elis
Elis, also known as Ellis or Ilia (Greek: Ηλεία, Eleia), is a historic region in the western part of the Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It is administered as a regional unit of the modern region of Western Greece. Its capital is Pyrgos. Until 2011 it was Elis Prefecture, covering the same territory.

The modern regional unit is nearly coterminous with the ancient Elis of the classical period. Here lie the ancient ruins of cities of Elis, Epitalion and Olympia, known for the ancient Olympic Games which started in 776 BC.
Wreckshop Records
Wreckshop Records is an American independent record label based in Houston, Texas. Founded in 1997 by Derrick "D-Reck" Dixon, the label specializing in southern hip hop music. Artists such as Fat Pat, Big Moe, E.S.G., Pymp Tyte and Big Pokey have released records through Wreckshop.

Southern hip-hop
Southern hip-hop, also known as Southern rap, South Coast hip-hop, or dirty south, is a blanket term for a regional genre of American hip-hop music that emerged in the Southern United States, especially in Georgia, Texas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida—often titled "The Big 5," five states which constitute the "Southern Network" in rap music.

The music was a reaction to the 1980s flow of hip-hop culture from New York City and the Los Angeles area and can be considered the third major American hip-hop scene, alongside East Coast and West Coast hip-hop. Many early Southern rap artists released their music independently or on mixtapes after encountering difficulty securing record-label contracts in the 1990s. By the early 2000s, many Southern artists had attained success, and as the decade went on, both mainstream and underground varieties of Southern hip-hop became among the most popular and influential of the entire genre.
Stary Kurdym
Stary Kurdym (Russian: Старый Курдым; Bashkir: Иҫке Күрҙем, İśke Kürźem) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Kurdymsky Selsoviet, Tatyshlinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 1,095 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

Tatyshlinsky District
Tatyshlinsky District (Russian: Татышли́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Тәтешле районы, Täteşle rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders Perm Krai to the north, Askinsky District to the east, Baltachevsky District to the southeast and south, Burayevsky District to the south and Yanaulsky District to the southwest and west. The area of the district is 1,376.16 square kilometers (531.34 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhniye Tatyshly. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 25,159, with the population of Verkhniye Tatyshly accounting for 26.4% of that number.
Statistics Without Borders
Statistics Without Borders (SWB) is an organization of volunteers that provide pro bono statistical consulting and assistance to organizations or governments to help deal with health issues. SWB is sponsored by the American Statistical Association. Their goal is to help international health initiatives and projects be delivered more effectively through better use of statistics.

Some of the past and present projects include design and analysis about a survey about a public health intervention project in Sierra Leone, and another in Haiti, a survey of the economic impact of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, reviewing food security survey projects for the Food and Nutritional Technical Assistance II (FANTA-2) project at the Academy for Educational Development, and helping to prepare a proposal to survey households in Mexico about their use of bottled water.

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
Australian Standard Garratt
The Australian Standard Garratt (ASG) is a Garratt articulated steam locomotive designed and built in Australia during World War II for use on the 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) narrow-gauge railway systems owned by the Australian states of Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia. After the war, ASGs operated in South Australia and at the Fyansford Cement Works railway in Victoria.

South Australian Railways
South Australian Railways (SAR) was the organisation through which the Government of South Australia built and operated railways in South Australia from 1854 until March 1978, when its non-urban railways were incorporated into Australian National, and its Adelaide urban lines were transferred to the State Transport Authority.

The SAR's tracks were built to three rail gauges: 1600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge; 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) narrow gauge; and from the 1980s, when gauge standardisation at last commenced, 1435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge.
Marie Anne Chiment
Marie Anne Chiment has created sets and costumes for hundreds of productions across the United States for opera, theatre and dance. Chiment’s sets and costumes have been used on the stages of Santa Fe Opera, Chicago Lyric Opera, Kennedy Center, Wolftrap Opera and Broadway’s Minskoff Theatre. She has designed national tours of Grease and Carousel, as well as the GLAMA award winning world premiere of Patience & Sarah for the Lincoln Center Festival.

Wolf Trap Opera Company
The Wolf Trap Opera Company (sometimes abbreviated WTOC) was founded in 1971 as part of the program of the Wolf Trap Foundation located near the Wolf Trap National Park for the Performing Arts in Fairfax County, Virginia. The company is a residency and training program for aspiring opera professionals, with its major production being a summer opera festival.
Apatophyllum
Apatophyllum is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Celastraceae.

Its native range is southwestern and eastern Australia.

Species:

Apatophyllum constablei McGill.

Apatophyllum flavovirens A.R.Bean & Jessup

Apatophyllum macgillivrayi Cranfield & Lander

Apatophyllum olsenii McGill.

Apatophyllum teretifolium A.R.Bean & Jessup

Celastraceae
The Celastraceae, also known as the staff-vine or bittersweet family, are a family of 98 genera and 1,350 species of herbs, vines, shrubs and small trees, belonging to the order Celastrales. The great majority of the genera are tropical, with only Celastrus (the staff vines), Euonymus (the spindles) and Maytenus widespread in temperate climates, and Parnassia (bog-stars) found in alpine and arctic climates.

Of the 98 currently recognized genera of the family Celastraceae, 19 are native to Madagascar and these include at least 57 currently recognized species. Six of these 19 genera (Brexiella, Evonymopsis, Hartogiopsis, Polycardia, Ptelidium, and Salvadoropsis) are endemic to Madagascar.
Definitely Now
Definitely Now (in some cases stylised as Definitely NOW) is the debut full-length album by English singer-songwriter Liam Bailey. The album was released on 19 August 2014 by record label Sony Masterworks and Flying Buddha, and received multiple re-issues in the years following the album's release. Two singles were released from the album - the lead single "On My Mind", and a version of the originally solo track "Villain" featuring American rapper ASAP Ferg. Definitely Now was executive produced by Bailey and American record producer Salaam Remi, and includes production collaborations with musicians such as Jimmy Hogarth, Zane Lowe, and Dan Smith of the band Bastille.

Jimmy Hogarth
James Dearness Hogarth (born September 1974) is a London-based producer and songwriter, whose production and writing credits include, Anohni, Amy Winehouse, Sia, Tom Grennan, Paolo Nutini, Duffy, Corinne Bailey Rae, Ren Harvieu, Estelle, Tina Turner, KT Tunstall, James Blunt, James Morrison, James Bay, Maverick Sabre, and Dermot Kennedy.

In 2005, he was introduced to Welsh singer Duffy and went on to contribute four tracks, including the single "Warwick Avenue" to her five million selling debut album Rockferry.

In 2008, he received a Grammy award for his work on the Suzanne Vega album, Beauty & Crime.

Hogarth is a fan of soul music such as Sam Cooke and Aretha Franklin, but admits to listening to heavy rock during his youth.

He lives and works in London with his wife, former Black Box Recorder vocalist Sarah Nixey.
Flood in the Highlands
Flood in the Highlands is an 1860 genre painting by the British artist Edwin Landseer. The picture displays a scene in the Highlands of Scotland during a major flash flood. The inhabitants are shown taking refuge on the roofs of their houses. It resembles a version of Noah's Ark, with the animals and humans huddled together for safety from the rising waters. The painting was inspired by the Moray Flood of 1829, in which many were killed and houses swept away.

The work was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1860 at the National Gallery in London. The painting is today in the collection of the Aberdeen Art Gallery, having been acquired in 1947. Landseer also produced a second, replica version of the painting in 1864.
 A mezzotint based on the picture was produced by Thomas Lewis Atkinson in 1870.

Aberdeen Art Gallery
Aberdeen Art Gallery is the main visual arts exhibition space in the city of Aberdeen, Scotland. It was founded in 1884 in a building designed by Alexander Marshall Mackenzie, with a sculpture court added in 1905. In 1900, it received the art collection of Alexander Macdonald, a local granite merchant. The gallery is noted for its fine collection of modern Scottish and international art, including works by Ken Currie, Gilbert & George, Ivor Abrahams, Bridget Riley and Bruce McLean.
Henri Legrand du Saulle
Henri Legrand du Saulle (Dijon, 16 April 1830 – Paris, 5 May 1886) was a French psychiatrist.

As a young man he worked as an assistant to Bénédict Morel (1809–1873) at Saint-Yon, and also served under Louis-Florentin Calmeil (1798–1895) at the Charenton Asylum. In 1856 became a doctor to the medical faculty in Paris. Later on, he was appointed physician at the Bicêtre Hospital (replacing Prosper Lucas 1805–1885), and in 1879 succeeded Louis Delasiauve (1804–1893) as chief physician in the department for epileptics at Salpêtrière Hospital. During his career he was also associated with the Prefecture of Police, serving from 1863 as médecin-adjoint to Charles Lasègue (1816–1883).

He is known for his studies on personality disorders, particularly pioneer work involving phobias and obsessive-compulsive disorders. He also performed extensive work in forensic psychiatry, being interested with the medical-judicial aspects of psychopathology.

Forensic psychiatry
Forensic psychiatry is a subspecialty of psychiatry and is related to criminology. It encompasses the interface between law and psychiatry. According to the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, it is defined as "a subspecialty of psychiatry in which scientific and clinical expertise is applied in legal contexts involving civil, criminal, correctional, regulatory, or legislative matters, and in specialized clinical consultations in areas such as risk assessment or employment". A forensic psychiatrist provides services—such as assessing competency to stand trial—to a court to help with the legal process and provides treatment, including medications and psychotherapy, to offenders.
Duggleby
Duggleby is a hamlet in the civil parish of Kirby Grindalythe, in North Yorkshire, England. It was historically part of the East Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. It was part of the Ryedale district from 1974 to 2023.

It is 20 miles (32.2 km) north-east of York and 16 miles (25.7 km) south-west of Scarborough. The village lies in the Great Wold Valley and the course of the winterbourne stream the Gypsey Race passes through it.

To the south-east of the hamlet is Duggleby Howe, one of the largest round barrows in Britain.

Duggleby was formerly a township in the parish of Kirby-Grindalyth, in 1866 Duggleby became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Kirby Grindalythe. In 1931 the parish had a population of 155.

The name Duggleby derives from the Old Norse Dubgallbȳ meaning 'Dubgall's village'.

Ryedale District
54°08′20″N 0°47′24″W﻿ / ﻿54.139°N 0.79°W﻿ / 54.139; -0.79

Ryedale was a non-metropolitan district in North Yorkshire, England. It was in the Vale of Pickering, a low-lying flat area of land drained by the River Derwent. The Vale's landscape is rural with scattered villages and towns. It has been inhabited continuously from the Mesolithic period. The economy was largely agricultural with light industry and tourism playing an increasing role.

Towns included Helmsley, Kirkbymoorside, Malton, Norton-on-Derwent, and Pickering. Part of Ryedale lies within the North York Moors National Park. The A64 passed through Ryedale and villages such as Rillington. In the 2011 Census, the population of this primarily rural area of 150,659 hectares, the largest district in North Yorkshire, was 51,700.
155 mm gun T7
The 155mm L/40 T7 was an American rifled tank gun developed in 1945. The T7 was to be the main armament for the T30 Heavy Tank, but only a handful were produced due to the T30 project being cancelled after trials in the late 1940s.

The T7 used two-part separated ammunition like the 105mm T5E1 gun on the T29 Heavy Tank. It had a low velocity of only 701 m/s (2,300 ft/s) compared to the 120mm T53 on the T34 Heavy Tank (945 m/s) and the 105mm T5E1 on the T29 Heavy Tank (945 m/s). However, the 43 kg (95 lbs) High-Explosive shell (HE) and high-velocity armour-piercing (HVAP) rounds were demonstrated to have a powerful demolition effect. Testing concluded before completion when the T30 project was cancelled in the late 1940s.

Armour-piercing ammunition
Armour-piercing ammunition (AP) is a type of projectile designed to penetrate armour protection, most often including naval armour, body armour, and vehicle armour.

The first, major application of armour-piercing projectiles was to defeat the thick armour carried on many warships and cause damage to their lightly armoured interiors. From the 1920s onwards, armour-piercing weapons were required for anti-tank warfare. AP rounds smaller than 20 mm are intended for lightly armoured targets such as body armour, bulletproof glass, and lightly armoured vehicles.

As tank armour improved during World War II, anti-vehicle rounds began to use a smaller but dense penetrating body within a larger shell, firing at a very-high muzzle velocity. Modern penetrators are long rods of dense material like tungsten or depleted uranium (DU) that further improve the terminal ballistics.
Seo-hyeon
Seo-hyun, also spelled Seo-hyeon, is a Korean given name. It was the 2nd-most popular name for baby girls in South Korea in 2011, and among the top 5 most popular name in 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013 (see List of the most popular given names in South Korea).

People with this name include:

Lee Seo-hyun (born 1973), South Korean Businesswoman, Chairman of Samsung Welfare Foundation

Seo-hyun (born Seo Ju-hyun, 1991), South Korean singer and actress

Katie Kim (born Kim Seo-hyeon, 1993), South Korean-born American singer

Ahn Seo-hyun (born 2004), South Korean actress

Katie (singer)
Kim Seo-hyeon (Korean: 김서현; born December 10, 1993), known professionally by the mononym Katie (stylized in all caps), is a South Korean-born American singer. She finished in first place as a contestant in the South Korean singing competition SBS K-pop Star 4. Her breakthrough performance of "Where You Need To Be" reached 4 million views on South Korea's leading video-sharing site, Naver TV Cast, in the shortest amount of time in K-pop Star history. After winning the show, she decided to sign with YG Entertainment.

In May 2018, Kim joined AXIS, a new company founded by former YG creative director SINXITY. With a change of label, YG Entertainment would continue to help with the distribution of her debut album. She has since also joined the American branch of the recording label AWAL. Her debut extended play, Log, was released on May 22, 2019.
See America Thirst
See America Thirst is a 1930 American pre-Code comedy film produced and distributed by Universal Pictures and directed by William James Craft. Silent comics Harry Langdon and Slim Summerville star along with Bessie Love. Though released late in 1930, it nevertheless had a silent version.

In the film, Bessie Love introduced the type of sandals later known as "flip-flops" to American audiences. The title is a parody of the Cole Porter musical See America First.

William James Craft
William James Craft (1886 – 30 June 1931) was a Canadian film director and screenwriter. He directed more than 60 films between 1910 and 1931. He is also credited with writing for 12 films between 1920 and 1928. Craft was born in Toronto and died in 1931 from injuries received in an auto accident.
The Dallas Quest
The Dallas Quest is a graphic adventure game based on the television soap opera Dallas. The game was programmed by James Garon for the TRS-80 Color Computer and published by Tandy Corporation in 1984. It was the second game in the "Animated Adventure" series, following The Sands of Egypt, and uses the same split-screen display. Datasoft published versions for the Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, and Commodore 64 in the same year.

The player takes the role of a detective. After an initial sequence at Southfork Ranch, the setting moves to South America, and the game has little to do with the TV show.

TRS-80 Color Computer
The TRS-80 Color Computer, later marketed as the Tandy Color Computer, is a series of home computers developed and sold by Tandy Corporation. Despite sharing a name with the earlier, Z80-based TRS-80, the Color Computer is a different system and a radical departure in design based on the Motorola 6809E and variants of the Motorola 6847 video display generator.

The Tandy Color Computer line, nicknamed CoCo, started in 1980 with what is now called the Color Computer 1. It was followed by the Color Computer 2 in 1983, then the Color Computer 3 in 1986. All three models maintain a high level of software and hardware compatibility, with few programs written for an older model being unable to run on the newer ones. The Color Computer 3 was discontinued in 1991.

All Color Computer models shipped with Color BASIC, an implementation of Microsoft BASIC, in ROM. Variants of the OS-9 multitasking operating system were available from third parties.
Cabernet Cortis
Cabernet Cortis is a dark-skinned grape variety used for wine. It was bred in 1982 by Norbert Becker at the viticultural institute in Freiburg, Germany as part of a programme searching for disease-resistant grape varieties. It received German varietal protection in 2003.

From 1999 to 2005, Cabernet Cortis and four other Freiburg-created varieties were evaluated in experimental plantations at Pully in the Lake Geneva region of Switzerland. Cabernet Cortis ripens early, is highly resistant to downy mildew and botrytis, but is sensitive to powdery mildew.

Cabernet Cortis yields highly coloured, tannic and intense wines with a herbal-vegetal character that are supposed to be Cabernet-styled.

Procyanidin
Procyanidins are members of the proanthocyanidin (or condensed tannins) class of flavonoids. They are oligomeric compounds, formed from catechin and epicatechin molecules. They yield cyanidin when depolymerized under oxidative conditions.

See the box below entitled "Types of procyanidins" for links to articles on the various types.
François Vendasi
François Vendasi (24 June 1940 – 21 November 2022) was a French politician who was a member of the Senate, representing the Haute-Corse department. He was a member of the Radical Party of the Left. Vendasi died on 21 November 2022, at the age of 82.

Haute-Corse
Haute-Corse (French: [ot kɔʁs] ⓘ; Corsican: Corsica suprana [ˈkorsiɡa zuˈprana], Cismonte [tʃiˈzmɔnte] or Alta Corsica; English: Upper Corsica) is a department of France, consisting of the northern part of the island of Corsica. The corresponding departmental territorial collectivity merged with that of Corse-du-Sud on 1 January 2018, forming the single territorial collectivity of Corsica, with territorial elections coinciding with the dissolution of the separate councils. However, even though its administrative powers were ceded to the new territorial collectivity, it continues to remain an administrative department in its own right. In 2019, it had a population of 181,933.