hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Siege of Oreja
The siege of Oreja was a siege by the forces of Alfonso VII, Emperor of Spain, that lasted from April until October 1139 when the Almoravid garrison surrendered. It was the first major victory of the renewed Reconquista that characterised the last two decades of Alfonso's reign. The fortress of Oreja (Aurelia) was located in the left (southern) bank of the Tagus, within the current-day limits of the Spanish municipality of Ontígola.

Order of Calatrava
The Order of Calatrava (Spanish: Orden de Calatrava) is one of the four Spanish military orders and the first military order founded in Castile, but the second to receive papal approval. The papal bull confirming the Order of Calatrava was given by Pope Alexander III on September 26, 1164. Most of the political and military power of the order had dissipated by the end of the 15th century, but the last dissolution of the order's property did not occur until 1838.
Ziemianki
Ziemianki [ʑɛˈmjanki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Banie Mazurskie, 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Gołdap, and 117 km (73 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gołdap County
Gołdap County (Polish: powiat gołdapski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its administrative seat and only town is Gołdap, which lies 133 kilometres (83 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

When powiats were re-introduced in the Polish local government reforms of 1999, the present Gołdap and Olecko Counties made up a single entity (called powiat olecko-gołdapski or Olecko-Gołdap County). This was divided into two in 2002.

The county covers an area of 771.93 square kilometres (298.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 26,825, out of which the population of Gołdap is 13,716 and the rural population is 13,109.
Jean Lisette Aroeste
Jean Lisette Aroeste (2 October 1932 – August 2020) was an American screenwriter. A librarian at the University of California, Los Angeles, she was a Star Trek fan who became one of four writers with no prior television writing credits (David Gerrold, Judy Burns and Joyce Muskat were the other three) to sell scripts to the program.

The Empath
"The Empath" is the twelfth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. Written by Joyce Muskat and directed by John Erman, it was first broadcast on December 6, 1968.

In the episode, while visiting a doomed planet, the landing party is subjected to brutal experiments by powerful aliens.

This episode is one of a handful not screened in the United Kingdom by the BBC for many years, owing to its disturbing content (torture). It was not broadcast by the BBC until January 1994.
Shivanand
Shivanand (3 January 1922 – 31 October 2006 ) was an Indian politician and a freedom fighter from Satna district of Madhya Pradesh. He was President of Rewa Rajya Praja Mandal from December 1946 to January 1948 and was jailed five times during freedom struggle and expelled from Rewa state many times.
He was elected from Satna 
Constituency to the Vindhya Pradesh Legislative assembly in 1952 and 
sworn in as Speaker of that assembly.  He was also member of 
Madhya Pradesh Legislative assembly from 1957-62 along with Vishweshwar Prasad.

During 1952–56 and 1959–62, he served as State Convener (Pradesh Sanyojak) of the Bharat Sewak Samaj under the leadership of Pt. Nehru and Gulzarilal Nanda and was very closely associated with them.

He authored many books namely Satna Nagar, Madhya Pradesh ke 
pratham patrakar - Lal Baldeo Singh, 
Mahatma Gandhi - Ek Vibhuti, Bundelkhand -Baghelkhand  and Hindu.

Baghelkhand
Bagelkhand or Baghelkhand (IPA: [bəɡʰeːlkʰəɳɖ]) is a proposed state and a mountain range in central India that covers the northeastern regions of Madhya Pradesh and a small area of southeastern Uttar Pradesh.
Michelle Konkoly
Michelle Konkoly (born February 20, 1992) is a Paralympic swimmer from Pennsylvania who trains in Naples, Florida. She earned four medals including two gold medals at the 2016 Summer Paralympics and three silver medals at the 2015 IPC Swimming World Championships.

Naples, Florida
Naples is a city in Collier County, Florida, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,115, down from 19,539 at the 2010 census. Naples is a principal city of the Naples–Marco Island metropolitan area, which had a population of about 375,752 as of 2020.

Naples is the self-titled "Golf Capital of the World" with the second-most golf holes per capita and the most holes of any city in Florida. The city is also known for being appealing to retirees, who make up a large percentage of the population.
Bayou virus
Bayou virus (BAYV) is a species of Orthohantavirus comprising enveloped and spherical viruses. It was first identified in 1993 in Louisiana and later confirmed by other investigators. BAYV was recognized as a distinct form of hantavirus disease, now known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). It now represents the second most common hantavirus in the United States behind the Sin Nombre virus. In 1996, the marsh rice rat, which is seen in marshes in the southeast and mountain streams in the northeast, was identified as the natural reservoir of the virus. Due to the virus being first identified in Louisiana, this indicated the virus to be widespread throughout the Southeastern United States. This hantavirus disease is known as a severe and sometimes fatal respiratory disease, and HPS has a case-rate fatality of almost 50%.

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is primarily used to measure the amount of a specific RNA. This is achieved by monitoring the amplification reaction using fluorescence, a technique called real-time PCR or quantitative PCR (qPCR). Combined RT-PCR and qPCR are routinely used for analysis of gene expression and quantification of viral RNA in research and clinical settings.

The close association between RT-PCR and qPCR has led to metonymic use of the term qPCR to mean RT-PCR. Such use may be confusing, as RT-PCR can be used without qPCR, for example to enable molecular cloning, sequencing or simple detection of RNA. Conversely, qPCR may be used without RT-PCR, for example, to quantify the copy number of a specific piece of DNA.
Sphinx poecila
Sphinx poecila, the poecila sphinx, is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is found from Newfoundland and Maine south to Pennsylvania and west to Michigan, northeastern Illinois and Wisconsin.

The wingspan is 68–95 mm.

The larvae feed on Rosa carolina, Picea glauca, Larix laricina and Alnus, Malus, Myrica and Vaccinium species.

Alder
Alders are trees of the genus Alnus in the birch family Betulaceae. The genus includes about 35 species of monoecious trees and shrubs, a few reaching a large size, distributed throughout the north temperate zone with a few species extending into Central America, as well as the northern and southern Andes.
Caldicott School
Caldicott Preparatory School is a 7–13 boys prep school in southern Buckinghamshire, England. It was founded in 1904 by James Heald Jenkins with a total of 24 boys enrolled at the school. In November 2021, a total of 235 boys were enrolled at the school, with 105 being boarders, and the remaining 130 boys being day pupils.

Preparatory school (United Kingdom)
A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a fee-charging private primary school that caters for children up to approximately the age of 13.  The term "preparatory school" is used as it prepares the children for the Common Entrance Examination in order to secure a place at an independent secondary school, typically one of the English public schools.  They are also preferred by some parents in the hope of getting their child into a state selective grammar school. Most prep schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate, which is overseen by Ofsted on behalf of the Department for Education.
Rudra Kandali
Rudra Kandali (B. 1200s) was a litterateur from Kamrup. He was a well known poet of the 12th century and contemporary of the likes of Haribara Vipra and Hema Saraswati.

He wrote short narrative poems based on the episodes of Mahabharata. He translated an episode of Drona Parva of Mahabharata relating to powers of Satyaki, son of Siva of Yadu race which (translation) is faithful, homely similes and metaphors are frequently used. Called Satyaki Prabesh, he did it under the patronage of Tamradhvaj, the successor of Dharmanarayan of Kamata kingdom fame.

Kamrup region
Kamrup is the modern region situated between two rivers, the Manas and the Barnadi in Western Assam, with the same territorial extent as the Colonial and post-Colonial "Undivided Kamrup district".  It was the capital region of two of the three dynasties of Kamarupa and Guwahati, the current political center of Assam, is situated here.  It is characterized by its cultural artifacts.
Industrial Union (Finland)
The Industrial Union (Finnish: Teollisuusliitto) is a trade union representing workers in light and heavy industries in Finland.

The union was founded on 1 January 2018, when the Industrial Union TEAM merged with the Metalworkers' Union and the Wood and Allied Workers' Union.  Like its predecessors, it affiliated to the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions.  From its formation, it has been led by Riku Aalto, who was formerly president of the Metalworkers' Union.

The Paperworkers' Union chose not to become part of the merger which formed the Industrial Federation, but Industrial Federation representatives stated that they hoped it would join within a few years.

The union is affiliated to four global union federations: IndustriALL Global Union, the Building and Wood Workers' International, the International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations, and the UNI Global Union.

IndustriALL Global Union
IndustriALL Global Union is a global union federation, founded in Copenhagen on 19 June 2012.

IndustriALL Global Union represents more than 50 million working people in more than 140 countries, working across the supply chains in mining, energy and manufacturing sectors at the global level.
Tupoumoheofo
Tupoumoheofo was 12th Tu'i Kanokupolu of Tonga, and the only female to ever hold that title. She was the principal wife to the Tu'i Tonga though she may have been of higher social rank than him because of her matrilineal descent.  After a vacancy in the Tu'i Kanokupolu title, she used her status to designate herself successor, reigning on Tongatapu for slightly less than one year starting in perhaps 1792 before being forcibly deposed  by her distant relative Tuku’aho.  Tupoumoheofo retreated to retirement in the northern Tongan Island of Vava’u under the protection of the 'Ulukalala family.

Fīnau ʻUlukālala
Fīnau ʻUlukālala (Hot Headed) was a dynasty of six important hereditary chiefs from Vavaʻu (the Tuʻi Vavaʻu), currently in the kingdom of Tonga. The dynasty began sometime in the 18th century and died out in 1960. The chief's original estate was Tuʻanuku, and his nickname and that of the village is Tavakefaiʻana (a species of tropicbird).
Crookshank
Crookshank is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angus Crookshank (born 1999), Canadian  ice hockey player

Anne Crookshank (1927–2016), Irish art historian

Chichester Crookshank (1868–1958), British Army officer and politician

Edgar Crookshank (1858–1928), English physician and microbiologist

Eric Crookshank (born 1978), American  basketball player

Francis Graham Crookshank (1873–1933), British physician and author

George Crookshank (1680–1751), Irish politician

Harry Crookshank (1893–1961), British politician

Henry Crookshank (1893–1972), Irish geologist

Sydney Crookshank (1870–1941), British military engineer

Francis Graham Crookshank
Francis Graham Crookshank (1873, Wimbledon – 27 October 1933, Wimpole Street, London) was a British epidemiologist, and a medical and psychological writer, and Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.

Crookshank was educated at University College London and trained in medicine at University College Hospital. His work attempted to combine medicine with the individual psychology of Alfred Adler, along with eugenics and Nietzsche's philosophy of the will.

His 123-page scientific racist publication The Mongol in our Midst (1924) was both popular and controversial in both England and the United States. In 1931, Crookshank published a "greatly enlarged and entirely rewritten" 524-page edition "with numerous illustrations," with responses to critics and additional theories and claims. That work incorrectly associated the disorder now known as Down syndrome with the admixture of Asian and European "blood".

Crookshank died in 1933 at his house in Wimpole Street, Westminster, from suicide.
Plehn
Plehn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl C. Plehn (1867–1945), American economist

Elsbeth Plehn (1922–2001), German operatic contralto and voice teacher

Marianne Plehn (1863–1946), German zoologist

Michael T. Plehn (born 1965), lieutenant general in the United States Air Force

Marianne Plehn
Marianne Plehn (30 October 1863 – 18 January 1946) was a German zoologist. She was the first woman to be awarded a doctorate at the ETH Zurich and the first woman to be appointed as professor in Bavaria in 1914. Plehn is commemorated in the names of three polyclads and 12 disease agents of fishes. The breadth of her research on diseases of fishes defined the scientific study in this area. She published 114 scientific papers on the subject. She worked with Bruno Hofer and has been honoured as one of the founders of fish pathology.
Haandfæstning
A Haandfæstning (Modern Danish: Håndfæstning & Modern Norwegian: Håndfestning, lit. "Handbinding", plural Haandfæstninger) was a document issued by the kings of Denmark from 13th to the 17th century, preceding and during the realm's personal union with the kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. Following Sweden's secession from the Kalmar Union, similar documents were also issued by its kings. In many ways it is a Scandinavian parallel to the English Magna Carta.

Swedish War of Liberation
The Swedish War of Liberation (1521–1523; Swedish: Befrielsekriget, lit. 'The Liberation War'), also known as Gustav Vasa's Rebellion and the Swedish War of Secession, was a significant historical event in Sweden. Gustav Vasa, a nobleman, led a rebellion and civil war against King Christian II. The war resulted in the deposition of King Christian II from the throne of Sweden, effectively ending the Kalmar Union that had united Sweden, Norway, and Denmark.
Trondhjem Norwegian Lutheran Church
Trondhjem Norwegian Lutheran Church is a historic church in Webster Township, Rice County, Minnesota. It was original built in 1878 and rebuilt in 1899. It is situated about 1 mi (1.6 km) south of Minnesota State Highway 19 at 8501 Garfield Avenue S, southeast of Lonsdale, Minnesota.

Lonsdale, Minnesota
Lonsdale is a city in Rice County, Minnesota, United States.  The population was 4,686 at the 2020 census, with a 2024 estimate of 5,112. A fast growing exurb of the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area, Lonsdale is located 40 miles south of downtown Minneapolis.
Dutch East Company
The Dutch East Company (Nederlandsche Oost Compagnie [ˈneːdərlɑntsə oːst kɔmpɑˈɲi]; abbr. NOC [ˌɛnoːˈseː]) was a National Socialist organization established during the Second World War, on 6 June 1942, in The Hague by the Dutch National Socialist Movement (abbr. NSB) under Meinoud Rost van Tonningen, with the involvement of De Nederlandsche Bank. The NOC was a joint-stock company.

National Socialist Movement (Netherlands)
The National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands (Dutch: Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging in Nederland, pronounced [nɑ(t)ɕoːˌnaːlsoːɕaːˈlɪstisə bəˈʋeːɣɪŋ ɪn ˈneːdərlɑnt]; NSB) was a Dutch fascist and later Nazi political organisation that eventually became a political party. As a parliamentary party participating in legislative elections, the NSB had some success during the 1930s. Under German occupation, it remained the only legal party in the Netherlands during most of the Second World War.
Politics of Malta
The politics of Malta takes place within a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the president of Malta is the constitutional head of state. Executive authority is vested in the president of Malta, with the general direction and control of the Government of Malta remaining with the prime minister of Malta, who is the head of government and the cabinet. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Malta, which consists of the president of Malta and the unicameral House of Representatives of Malta with the speaker as the presiding officer of the legislative body. Judicial power remains with the chief justice and the judiciary of Malta. Since independence, the party electoral system has been dominated by the Christian democratic Nationalist Party (Partit Nazzjonalista) and the social democratic Labour Party (Partit Laburista).

The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Malta a "flawed democracy" in 2022.

Judiciary of Malta
The judiciary of Malta (Maltese: Il-Qudikatura ta’ Malta) is the branch of the Republic of Malta responsible for the administration of justice. It is established by the Constitution of Malta and operates independently of the executive (the Cabinet) and  legislative (the Parliament) branches of government.

The judiciary of Malta is composed of the Chief Justice, judges and magistrates.

The judiciary interprets and applies impartially the laws of Malta in civil, criminal, constitutional, and administrative matters, and ensures the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms.
Chris Wall
Christopher Joseph Wall (23 December 1942 – 28 December 2021) was an associate of former Taoiseach Bertie Ahern. He served as Ahern's election agent at the 2007 general election, and after the election he was nominated by the Taoiseach to serve as a Senator for the final weeks of the 22nd Seanad. He filled one of the vacancies caused by the election of four of the nominated Senators to Dáil Éireann.

A former Irish athlete, Wall served as the International Secretary for BLE (the forerunner to Athletics Ireland) from 1984 to 2000.

He died on 28 December 2021.

Athletics Ireland
Athletics Ireland, officially the Athletic Association of Ireland or AAI, is the governing body for athletics in Ireland, with athletics defined as including track and field athletics, road running, race walking, cross country running, mountain running and ultra distance running. The organisation's jurisdiction covers the whole island of Ireland (Northern Ireland is also covered by the jurisdiction of UK Athletics) and it is affiliated to the International Association of Athletic Federations.  Its remit is to promote athletics from recreational running, schools competitions and to support elite athletes in international competitions.

The association has provincial councils in each of Ireland's four provinces, and county boards in the majority of Ireland's 32 traditional counties.
Meda Welabu
Meda Welabu is a woreda, or district, in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Bale Zone, Meda Welabu is bordered on the south by the Ganale Dorya River which separates it from the Guji Zone, on the northwest by West Arsi Zone, on the north by Dello Menna and Harena Buluk, and on the east by the Kersa Dula district of the Somali Region. The administrative center of the woreda is Bidire; other towns in Meda Welabu include Oborso.

Guji Zone
Guji (Oromo: Godina Gujii) is a zone in Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Guji is named after a tribe of the Oromo people. Guji is bordered on the south by Borena, on the west by the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, on the north by the Ganale Dorya River which separates it from Bale and on the east by the Somali Region. The highest point in this zone is Mount Dara Tiniro. Cities and major towns in this Zone include its administrative center, Nagele, Shakiso Bore, Adola Woyu.

The Guji Zone was created in September 2002, when the upland woredas of the Borena Zone were split apart to create it.
Peter L. Bernstein
Peter Lewyn Bernstein (January 22, 1919 – June 5, 2009) was an American financial historian, economist and educator whose evangelizing of the efficient-market hypothesis to the public made him one of the country's best known popularizers of academic finance.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Columbine (band)
Columbine is a French rap collective from Rennes, Brittany active between 2014 and 2019. The main members were Lujipeka, Foda C, Yro, Chaps, KCIV, Chaman and Sully, Veskki, and Larry Garcia (Lorenzo in his solo career).

The group released four albums: Clubbing for Columbine in 2016, Enfants terribles in 2017, Adieu bientôt in 2018, and Adieu, au revoir in 2019.

Artist collective
An artist collective or art group or artist group is an initiative that is the result of a group of artists working together, usually under their own management, towards shared aims. The aims of an artist collective can include almost anything that is relevant to the needs of the artist; this can range from purchasing bulk materials, sharing equipment, space or materials, to following shared ideologies, aesthetic and political views or even living and working together as an extended family. Sharing of ownership, risk, benefits, and status is implied, as opposed to other, more common business structures with an explicit hierarchy of ownership such as an association or a company.

Many artist collectives had and still have a major and significant influence on the various epochs of art history. In a broader sense, literary groups and group formations of musicians can also be referred to as artist collectives or groups.
Shire of Nannup
The Shire of Nannup is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, approximately 280 kilometres (174 mi) south of the state capital, Perth and 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of the coastal resort town of Busselton. Its seat of government is the town of Nannup, where about half of the Shire's population reside.

The Shire has a land area of 2,935 square kilometres (1,133 sq mi), about 85% of which is covered in hardwood jarrah, karri and marri forests, while the southern coastline is mostly within the D'Entrecasteaux National Park.

Eucalyptus marginata
Eucalyptus marginata, commonly known as jarrah, djarraly in Noongar language and historically as Swan River mahogany, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a tree with rough, fibrous bark, leaves with a distinct midvein, white flowers and relatively large, more or less spherical fruit. Its hard, dense timber is insect resistant although the tree is susceptible to dieback. The timber has been utilised for cabinet-making, flooring and railway sleepers.