hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Amphu Labtsa pass
Amphu Labtsa pass, elevation 5,845 metres (19,177 ft), is a glaciated pass covered in serac cliffs at the head of the Honku Valley. It provides a way out of the otherwise relatively isolated Honku valley. The base of the valley is at 5,000 m (16,400 ft) and has several glacial lakes including the Panch Pokhri or Five Sacred Lakes. The Amphu Labtsa pass is crossed by mountaineers en route to Island Peak or Baruntse expeditions and involves technical mountaineering. The ice and rock summit is quite exposed and provides good views of Lhotse Shar, Island Peak and the Imja Glacier. The way down into the Imja valley on the other side of the pass involves abseiling followed fixed rope descent. The approximate alpine grade of the Amphu Labtsa pass would be 'D'.

Abseiling
Abseiling (/ˈæbseɪl/ AB-sayl or /ˈɑːpzaɪl/ AHP-zyle; from German  abseilen 'to rope down'), also known as rappelling (/ˈræpɛl/ RAP-pell or /rəˈpɛl/ rə-PELL; from French  rappeler 'to recall, to pull through'), is the controlled descent of a steep slope, such as a rock face, by moving down a rope. When abseiling, the person descending controls their own movement down a static or fixed rope, in contrast to lowering off, in which the rope attached to the person descending is payed out by their belayer.
Diarmuid Rossa Phelan
Diarmuid Rossa Phelan is a farmer, senior counsel, professor at the School of Law, Trinity College Dublin, fellow of Trinity College Dublin (TCD), and a former member of TCD's Board, to which he was twice elected. He was also twice elected Chairman of TCD's Board of Fellows.

He is a member of the Bar of England and Wales, the Bar of Northern Ireland and the New York State Bar Association.

Bar of Northern Ireland
The Bar of Northern Ireland is the professional association of barristers for Northern Ireland, with over 600 members. It is based in the Bar Library, beside the Royal Courts of Justice in Belfast, together with the Bar Council of Northern Ireland (the professional body of the members of the Northern Irish Bar) and the Executive Council. The Executive Council has taken on many of the functions formerly exercised by the Benchers of the Inn of Court of Northern Ireland, which was established at a meeting of the Bench and Bar held on 11 January 1926.
The Leigh UTC
The Leigh UTC is a University Technical College (UTC) for the Dartford area of Kent, England, that opened in September 2014. The UTC specialises in Engineering and Computer Sciences.

Building work started in October 2013 at the Bridge development, where Joyce Green Hospital once stood. The main building opened to students in September 2014.

The Leigh UTC has a project-based approach to learning.

As with all UTCs, a number of businesses and organisations support the College. These include:

University of Greenwich

Bluewater

Kenard Engineering

Eurostar

The Leigh UTC has opened a five-form entry Key Stage 3 feeder college, the Inspiration Academy, on the UTC site, in effect converting the education model into one of an 11–18 free school.

The Leigh UTC is part of Leigh Academies Trust.

Joyce Green Hospital
Joyce Green Hospital was a hospital near Dartford, Kent, England. It opened in 1903 as an isolation hospital. In later years it was a training hospital. The hospital was closed in 2000 and the buildings were demolished. The greenspace where the hospital used to stand is known as Joyce Green.
Pemalang Regency
Pemalang Regency is a regency (Indonesian: kabupaten) on the north coast of Central Java province in Indonesia. Its capital is the town of Pemalang. The regency is bordered by the Java Sea to the north, by Pekalongan Regency to the east, by Purbalingga Regency to the south, and by Tegal Regency to the west. It covers an area of 1,115.30 km2, and it had a population of 1,261,353 at the 2010 Census and 1,471,489 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 1,541,685 (comprising 780,921 males and 760,764 females).

Subdivisions of Indonesia
Indonesia is divided into provinces (provinsi). Provinces are made up of regencies (kabupaten) and cities (kota). Regencies and cities then divided into districts (kecamatan), which made up of villages (desa) and urban villages (kelurahan). Provinces, regencies, and cities have their own local governments and parliamentary bodies (DPRD).

Since the enactment of Law Number 22 of 1999 on Local Government (the law was revised by Law Number 32 of 2004, Law Number 23 of 2014, and the 2023 Omnibus Law on Job Creation), local governments now play a greater role in administering their areas. Foreign policy, defence (including armed forces and national police), system of law, and monetary policy, however, remain the domain of the national government. Since 2005 as the enactment of Law Number 32 of 2004, heads of local government (governors, regents and mayors) have been directly elected by popular election for a five-year term and can be re-elected for one more term.
Muscatine County Home Dairy Barn
The Muscatine County Home Dairy Barn, also known as the Old Barn, is a historic building on the west side of Muscatine, Iowa, United States. The barn was built in 90 days on the county home property in 1926. It replaced other barns that had been struck by lightning and were destroyed by the resulting fire. The home was an early form of welfare system known as the poor farm. It housed indigent, homeless, or disabled people who in turn worked on the farm to cover their costs of care and food. The barn was nearly torn down in 2006 when a group of volunteers called the Friends of the Old Barn acquired and restored it. It was also in danger of being torn down in 2017 because of its lack of utilities when a nearby building which provided them to the barn was slated to be torn down. The barn is now a museum located near the Muscatine Arboretum and the Muscatine County Environmental Learning Center. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2019.

It has a hay hood.

Muscatine, Iowa
Muscatine (/ˌmʌskəˈtin/ MUSS-kə-TEEN) is a city in and the county seat of Muscatine County, Iowa, United States. The population was 23,797 at the time of the 2020 census, an increase from 22,697 in 2000. It is located along the Mississippi River. The local business association states that the name Muscatine is not used by any other community.

Muscatine is the principal city of the Muscatine Micropolitan Statistical Area (2010 census population 54,132) as of 2011 the estimate was 54,184, which includes all of Muscatine and Louisa counties, making it the 283rd-largest micropolitan statistical area.
Topographic isolation
The topographic isolation of a summit is the minimum horizontal distance to a point of equal elevation, representing a radius of dominance in which the peak is the highest point.  It can be calculated for small hills and islands as well as for major mountain peaks and can even be calculated for submarine summits.  Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth, has an undefined isolation, since there are no higher points to reference.

Because topographic isolation can be difficult to determine, a common approximation is the distance to a peak called the nearest higher neighbour (NHN).

Continental Europe
Continental Europe or mainland Europe is the contiguous mainland of Europe, excluding its surrounding islands. It can also be referred to ambiguously as the European continent, – which can conversely mean the whole of Europe – and, by some, simply as the Continent. When Eurasia is regarded as a single continent, Europe is treated both as a continent and subcontinent.
Musar literature
Musar literature is didactic Jewish ethical literature which describes virtues and vices and the path towards character improvement. This literature gives the name to the Musar movement in 19th-century Lithuania, but this article considers such literature more broadly.

Joseph Dan
Joseph Dan (Hebrew: יוסף דן, 1935 – 23 July 2022) was an Israeli scholar of Jewish mysticism.  He taught for over 40 years in the Department of Jewish Thought at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.  He was the first incumbent of the Gershom Scholem Chair in Jewish Mysticism at The Hebrew University.
Yazykovo
Yazykovo (Russian: Языково) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia:

Urban localities

Yazykovo, Karsunsky District, Ulyanovsk Oblast, an urban-type settlement in Karsunsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast

Rural localities

Yazykovo, Blagovarsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a selo in Blagovarsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Yazykovo, Blagoveshchensky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Blagoveshchensky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Yazykovo, Samara Oblast, a selo in Samara Oblast

Yazykovo, Terengulsky District, Ulyanovsk Oblast, a selo in Terengulsky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast

Yazykovo, name of several other rural localities

Karsunsky District
Karsunsky District  (Russian: Карсу́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,768.6 square kilometers (682.9 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Karsun. Population: 25,170 (2010 Census);  29,319 (2002 Census); 32,561 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Karsun accounts for 30.8% of the district's total population.
The Very Best of Randy Crawford
The Very Best of Randy Crawford is a greatest hits album by American singer Randy Crawford, released in 1993. It features singles and album tracks from Crawford's studio albums Everything Must Change (1976), Raw Silk (1979), Now We May Begin (1980), Secret Combination (1981), Windsong (1982), Nightline (1983), Abstract Emotions (1986), Rich and Poor (1989) and Through the Eyes of Love (1992), plus one track from the live album Casino Lights (1982) and one track from The Crusaders album Street Life (1979), on which Crawford provided vocals.

The Very Best of Randy Crawford reached number 8 in the UK Albums Chart.

The Crusaders (jazz fusion group)
The Crusaders (formerly known as The Jazz Crusaders) were an American jazz/jazz fusion group performing from the 1960s to the 2010s. Known firstly from their 1960 inception as the Jazz Crusaders they eventually renamed themselves in 1971 to simply the Crusaders. A wide range of genres such as Jazz, R&B, Jazz-rock, the Blues and Jazz-funk are cohesively featured on the group's albums. The Crusaders have also copped a total of nine Grammy nominations.
A-share (mainland China)
A-shares (Chinese: A股), also known as domestic shares (Chinese: 内资股), are shares that are denominated in renminbi and traded in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges, as well as the National Equities Exchange and Quotations.

These are in contrast to B-shares that are denominated in foreign currency and traded in Shanghai and Shenzhen, as well as H shares, that are denominated in Hong Kong dollars and traded in the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong.

A-shares are generally owned by domestic investors. As of 2023, foreign investors own only 3-5% of China's A-shares equity and bond market.: 261

In 2018 MSCI began including Chinese A-shares in its MSCI Emerging Markets Index.

Shanghai Stock Exchange
The Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shanghai, China. It is one of the three stock exchanges operating independently in mainland China, the others being the Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The Shanghai Stock Exchange is the world's third-largest stock market by market capitalization, exceeding $6 trillion in July 2024. It is also Asia's biggest stock exchange. Unlike the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, the Shanghai Stock Exchange is still not entirely open to foreign investors and is often affected by the decisions of the central government due to capital account controls exercised by the Chinese authorities.

In 1891, Shanghai founded China's first exchange system. The current stock exchange was re-established on November 26, 1990, and was in operation on December 19 of the same year. It is a non-profit organization directly administered by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC).
Brenipatide
Brenipatide (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USANTooltip United States Adopted Name; developmental code name LY-3537031) is a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist which is under development for the treatment of alcoholism, bipolar disorder, asthma, smoking withdrawal, cardiovascular disorders, liver disorders, metabolic disorders, and obesity. It is taken by subcutaneous injection once per month. The drug has a longer elimination half-life than tirzepatide or retatrutide. Brenipatide is under development by Eli Lilly and Company. As of December 2025, it is in phase 3 clinical trials for alcoholism and bipolar disorder, phase 2 trials for asthma and smoking withdrawal, and phase 1 trials for cardiovascular disorders, liver disorders, metabolic disorders, and obesity.

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor
The gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIP-R), also known as the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GIPR gene.

GIP-R is a member of the class B family of G protein coupled receptors. GIP-R is found on beta-cells in the pancreas where it serves as the receptor for the hormone Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).
Stone–Wales defect
A Stone–Wales defect is a crystallographic defect that involves the change of connectivity of two π-bonded carbon atoms, leading to their rotation by 90° with respect to the midpoint of their bond. The reaction commonly involves conversion between a naphthalene-like structure into a fulvalene-like structure, that is, two rings that share an edge vs two separate rings that have vertices bonded to each other.

The reaction occurs on carbon nanotubes, graphene, and similar carbon frameworks, where the four adjacent six-membered rings of a pyrene-like region are changed into two five-membered rings and two seven-membered rings when the bond uniting two of the adjacent rings rotates. In these materials, the rearrangement is thought to have important implications for the thermal, chemical, electrical, and mechanical properties. The rearrangement is an example of a pyracyclene rearrangement.

Naphthalene
Naphthalene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C10H8. It is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor that is detectable at concentrations as low as 0.08 ppm by mass. As an aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene's structure consists of a fused pair of benzene rings. It is the main ingredient of traditional mothballs.
2016 Open Engie Saint-Gaudens Midi-Pyrénées – Doubles
Mariana Duque and Julia Glushko were the defending champions, but both players chose not to participate.

Demi Schuurs and Renata Voráčová won the title, defeating Nicola Geuer and Viktorija Golubic in the final, 6–1, 6–2.

Viktorija Golubic
Viktorija Golubic (Serbian: Викторија Голубић, romanized: Viktorija Golubić; pronounced [ʋǐktoːrija ɡolǔbitɕ]; born 16 October 1992) is a Swiss professional tennis player. On 28 February 2022, she reached her career-high singles WTA ranking of No. 35. On 17 April 2023, she peaked at No. 61 in the doubles rankings. She is the current No. 2 Swiss player.

Golubic has won two singles titles on the WTA Tour, four singles WTA Challenger titles, as well as 12 singles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit so far.
Dangerous Visions
Dangerous Visions is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by American writer Harlan Ellison and illustrated by Leo and Diane Dillon. It was published in 1967 and contained 33 stories, none of which had been previously published.

A path-breaking collection, Dangerous Visions helped define the New Wave science fiction movement, particularly in its depiction of sex in science fiction. Writer/editor Al Sarrantonio wrote that Dangerous Visions "almost single-handedly [...] changed the way readers thought about science fiction."

Contributors to the volume included 20 authors who had won, or would win, a Hugo, Nebula, World Fantasy, or BSFA award, and 16 with multiple such awards. Ellison introduced the anthology both collectively and individually while the authors provided afterwords to their stories.

BSFA Award
The BSFA Awards are literary awards presented annually since 1970 by the British Science Fiction Association (BSFA) to honour works in the genre of science fiction. Nominees and winners are chosen based on a vote of BSFA members. More recently, members of the Eastercon convention have also been eligible to vote.
Inigo Campioni
Inigo Campioni (14 November 1878 – 24 May 1944) was an Italian naval officer during most of the first half of the 20th century. He served in four wars, and is best known as an admiral in the Italian Royal Navy (Regia Marina) during World War II. He was later executed by the Italian Social Republic for refusing to collaborate.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
2011 IPC Athletics World Championships – Men's shot put
The men's shot put at the 2011 IPC Athletics World Championships was held at the QEII Stadium from 22–29 January.

In the Men's shot put F42, held on January 27, the Bronze was originally won by Fanie Lombaard of South Africa. However, he tested positive for Probenecid in a urine sample provided on 27 January 2011. The prohibited substance had been prescribed to him because of a medical problem, but he did not have a Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE). The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) suspended him for a year (from January 27), and fined him 1,500 euros. The IPC redistributed the medals.

Probenecid
Probenecid, also sold under the brand name Probalan, is a medication that increases uric acid excretion in the urine. It is primarily used in treating gout and hyperuricemia.

Probenecid was developed as an alternative to caronamide to competitively inhibit renal excretion of some drugs, thereby increasing their plasma concentration and prolonging their effects.
Colorado Golf Club
Colorado Golf Club is a golf club located in Parker, Colorado, southeast of Denver. Opened in 2007, it hosted the Senior PGA Championship in 2010, won by Tom Lehman. It also hosted the Solheim Cup in 2013, a biennial ladies team competition contested by teams from the United States and Europe.

The championship golf course was designed by Bill Coore and Ben Crenshaw, and plays 7,604 yards (6,953 m) off the back tees to a par of 72. Its average elevation exceeds 6,100 feet (1,860 m) above sea level.

Tom Lehman
Thomas Edward Lehman (born March 7, 1959) is an American professional golfer. A former #1 ranked golfer, his tournament wins include one major title, the 1996 Open Championship. He is also the only golfer in history to have been awarded the Player of the Year honor on all three PGA Tours: the developmental Ben Hogan Tour, the regular PGA Tour, and the senior PGA Tour Champions.
Reginald Sorensen, Baron Sorensen
Reginald William Sorensen, Baron Sorensen (19 June 1891 – 8 October 1971) was a Unitarian minister and Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for over 30 years, from 1929 to 1931 and again from 1935 until he was raised to the peerage in 1964.

Essex County Council
Essex County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Essex in England. The non-metropolitan county is smaller than the ceremonial county; the non-metropolitan county excludes Southend-on-Sea and Thurrock which are both administered as separate unitary authorities. The county council has 75 councillors, elected from 70 divisions, and has been under Conservative majority control since 2001. The council meets at County Hall in the centre of Chelmsford.
IPoDWDM
IP over DWDM (IPoDWDM) is a technology used in telecommunications networks to integrate IP routers and network switches in the OTN (Optical Transport Network).
A true IPoDWDM solution is implemented only when the IP Routers and Switches support ITU-T G.709. In this way IP devices can monitor the optical path and implement the transport functionality as FEC (Forward Error Correction) specified by ITU-T G.709/Y.1331 or Super FEC functionality defined in ITU-T G.975.1.

ITU-T
The International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is one of the three Sectors (branches) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). It is responsible for coordinating standards for telecommunications and Information Communication Technology, such as X.509 for cybersecurity, Y.3172 and Y.3173 for machine learning, and H.264/MPEG-4 AVC for video compression, between its Member States, Private Sector Members, and Academia Members.

The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), the sector's governing conference, convenes every four years.

ITU-T has a permanent secretariat called the Telecommunication Standardization Bureau (TSB), which is based at the ITU headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The current director of the TSB is Seizo Onoe (of Japan), whose 4-year term commenced on 1 January 2023. Seizo Onoe succeeded Chaesub Lee of South Korea, who was director from 1 January 2015 until 31 December 2022.
Ministry of Defense (Kazakhstan)
The Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MD RK, Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Қорғаныс министрлігі, romanized: Qazaqstan Respublikasy Qorğanys ministrlıgı, ҚР ҚМ; Russian: Министерство обороны Республики Казахстан, МО РК) is a government agency of Kazakhstan which is the main executive body in implementing military policy. The Defense Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the head of the Ministry of Defense, whose duties are to exercise the administrative leadership of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

The ministry was first established in May 1992 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The first Minister of Defense was Army General Sagadat Nurmagambetov who served from 1992 to 1995.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Timothy Blake
Timothy Blake is an actress whose career was active from the mid-1960s until the late 1990s. The films she has appeared in include, Adam at 6 A.M., They Went That-A-Way & That-A-Way, Who'll Stop the Rain, and Finders Keepers. She has also appeared in television shows such as The Ropers.

Finders Keepers (1984 film)
Finders Keepers is a 1984 American comedy film directed by Richard Lester, and starring Michael O'Keefe, Beverly D'Angelo, Brian Dennehy, Louis Gossett Jr. and Jim Carrey. It was adapted from Charles Dennis' 1974 novel The Next-to-Last Train Ride. The film opened on May 18, 1984, earning $865,207 during its first weekend in 753 theaters.