hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexei Rezepkin
Alexei Rezepkin (Russian: Алексей Дмитриевич Резепкин; born 25 March 1949) is a Russian archaeologist who made some significant archeological discoveries. He is a  senior researcher at the Institute of History of Material Culture in St. Petersburg where he lives.

Novosvobodnaya
Novosvobodnaya (Russian: Новосвободная; Adyghe: Мамрыкъуай) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) in Abadzekhskoye Rural Settlement of Maykopsky District, Russia. The population was 591 as of 2018. There are 25 streets.

It was the site of executions and burials during the Civil War.
D. Raja Reddy
D. Raja Reddy is an Indian  Neurosurgeon, born on 18 November 1938 at Jangampally Village of Nizamabad district., Andhra Pradesh. He  graduated from Gandhi Medical College, Hyderabad and went on to become a fellow of Royal College of Surgeons (F.R.C.S.,) and fellow of Royal Australian College of Surgeons (F.R.A.C.S.). He served as a Director of Nizam Instite Medical Sciences (NIMS), and is  presently a senior consultant at Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad. In 2010 he co-authored the book Endemic skeletal fluorosis which examines the problem of endemic fluorosis in India.

He is also a numismologist and authority on Deccan coins. He has written 9 books on ancient coins and more than 25 articles on Numismatics. He is one of the founding members of Deccan Archaeological and Cultural Research Institute (DACRI) He is also a recipient of the Lifetime Achievement Award of Madras Neuro Trust.

Skeletal fluorosis
Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints. Symptoms include the increased frequency of fractures and impaired joint mobility. Side effects include ruptures of the stomach lining and nausea. Fluoride can also damage the parathyroid glands, leading to hyperparathyroidism, and a higher blood calcium concentration. Common causes of fluorosis include the inhalation of fluoride dust or fumes by workers in industry and consumption of drinking water with unsafe fluoride levels. Fluorosis can also occur as a result of volcanic activity. As of now, there are no established treatments for skeletal fluorosis patients. However, it is reversible in some cases, depending on the progression of the disease. Fluorosis is most widespread in India and China.
Philipp Knoll
Philipp Knoll (4 July 1841, Karlsbad - 31 January 1900, Vienna) was a pathologist from Austria-Hungary.

In 1864 he obtained his medical doctorate at the University of Prague. Afterwards, he worked as an assistant to physician Anton von Jaksch (1810-1887) in Prague and to physiologist Conrad Eckhard (1822-1905) at the University of Giessen, where in 1869 he received his habilitation. In 1872 he became an associate professor of experimental pathology at Prague, followed by a full professorship in general and experimental pathology in 1879.

At Prague, he founded the Gesellschaft zur Förderung deutscher Wissenschaft, Kunst und Literatur in Böhmen (Society for the Promotion of German Science, Art and Literature in Bohemia). At the university he served as dean in 1887-88 and as rector in 1890-91. In 1898 he relocated to the University of Vienna as successor to pathologist Salomon Stricker (1834-1898).

Experimental pathology
Experimental pathology, also known as investigative pathology, is the scientific study of disease processes through the microscopic or molecular examination of organs, tissues, cells, or body fluids from diseased organisms. It is closely related, both historically and in modern academic settings, to the medical field of pathology.
Multilingua
Multilingua, Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal in linguistics, specializing in the sociolinguistics of multilingualism, language learning, intercultural communication, and translation and interpreting. The journal was established in 1982 and is published by de Gruyter Mouton.

Intercultural communication
Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication. It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. In this sense, it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate, and perceive the world around them. Intercultural communication focuses on the recognition and respect of those with cultural differences. The goal is mutual adaptation between two or more distinct cultures which leads to biculturalism/multiculturalism rather than complete assimilation. It promotes the development of cultural sensitivity and allows for empathic understanding across different cultures.
Haina River
The Haina River is a waterway situated in the Dominican Republic. It flows along the eastern boundary of the hydrographic district encompassing Azua, Baní, and San Cristóbal.

In 1496, according to Floyd, "Miguel Diaz and Francisco de Garay, working their way down the Haina river, discovered rich deposits of gold in the river sands perhaps twenty-five miles from the coast."  Bartolome Colon built a fort along this river, "well situated within the gold region", which he named San Cristobal.

Azua, Dominican Republic
Azua de Compostela, also known simply as Azua, is a city, municipality (municipio) and capital of Azua Province in the southern region of Dominican Republic. Founded in 1504, Azua is one of the oldest European settlements in the Americas. The town is located 100 kilometres west of the national capital, Santo Domingo.
Big donuts of Southern California
The big donuts of Southern California in the United States are frequently photographed examples of 20th-century vernacular roadside novelty architecture. They are landmark oversize donuts designed to attract the attention of potential customers on nearby roadways. In their heyday, according to one critic, the giant donuts were "one of many signs in Los Angeles that bordered on pop art, celebrating the effusiveness of life in the years after World War II. To many Americans, Southern California acquired the image of an orange juice stand shaped like an orange, or a hot dog stand shaped like a hot dog."

Novelty architecture
Novelty architecture, also called programmatic architecture or mimetic architecture, is a type of architecture in which buildings and other structures are given unusual shapes for purposes such as advertising or to copy other famous buildings. Their size and novelty means that they often serve as landmarks. They are distinct from architectural follies, in that novelty architecture is essentially usable buildings in eccentric form whereas follies are non-usable, purely ornamental buildings also often in eccentric form.
Prusik Peak
Prusik Peak is an 8,008-foot (2,441-metre) granite summit located at the west end of The Temple in Chelan County of Washington state. Prusik Peak is part of The Enchantments within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness and is often the iconic photographic image of both areas. Prusik Peak belongs to the Stuart Range which is a subset of the Cascade Range. The toponym honors Dr. Karl Prusik (1896–1961) who was an Austrian mountaineer, known as the inventor of the prusik, a rope knot which happened to be used to gain access to the summit horn during the first ascent by Fred Beckey in 1948. Precipitation runoff drains into Icicle Creek which is a tributary of the Wenatchee River.

Chelan County, Washington
Chelan County (/ʃəˈlæn/, shə-LAN) is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 79,074. The county seat and largest city is Wenatchee. The county was created out of Okanogan and Kittitas Counties on March 13, 1899. It derives its name from a Chelan Indian word meaning "deep water," likely a reference to 55-mile (89 km)-long Lake Chelan, which reaches a maximum depth of 1,486 feet (453 m).

Chelan County is part of the Wenatchee, Washington, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Bryan Chang
Bryan Chang or Chang Shu-hao (Chinese: 張書豪; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiuⁿ Su-hô; born 22 October 1988) is a Taiwanese actor. He won the award for Best Actor in a Miniseries or Television Film at the Golden Bell Awards in 2007.

Golden Bell Awards
The Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 金鐘獎; pinyin: Jīnzhōngjiǎng) is an annual Taiwanese television and radio production award presented in October or November each year by the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development, a division of Taiwan's Ministry of Culture. It is the first radio and television production award in Chinese circulation, founded in 1965, and Taiwan's equivalent to the Emmy Awards. It is also one of the three major annual entertainment and cultural awards presented in Taiwan, along with the Golden Melody Awards for music and the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for films. The awards were presented by the Government Information Office until 2011.

Currently, there are two main streams presented at separate ceremonies: Television Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 電視金鐘獎) and Broadcast Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 廣播金鐘獎).
Dylan Jones-Evans
Dylan Jones-Evans (born 16 May 1966) was born in Bangor, Gwynedd and brought up in Pwllheli on the Llyn Peninsula. He is currently Assistant Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Enterprise) and the chair in entrepreneurship at the University of South Wales. He is visiting professor of entrepreneurship at the University of Turku in Finland, newspaper columnist and the creator of the Wales Fast Growth 50, an annual barometer of entrepreneurial firms in Wales.

University of South Wales
The University of South Wales (USW; Welsh: Prifysgol De Cymru) is a public university in Wales, with campuses in Cardiff, Newport and Pontypridd. It was formed on 11 April 2013 from the merger of the University of Glamorgan and the University of Wales, Newport. The university is the second largest university in Wales in terms of its student numbers, and offers over 300 undergraduate and postgraduate courses. The university has three main faculties across its campuses in South Wales.
Enorches
Enorchus (Ancient Greek: Ἐνόρχης) or Enorches (Enorchês) is a figure from Greek mythology for whom the only surviving sources are scholia on the Alexandra of Lycophron.

According to the scholia, Enorchus was a son of Thyestes by his sister Daeta (or Daesa) and was born out of an egg. He built a temple to Dionysus, which is given as the explanation for the fact that Enorches is also an epithet of Dionysus. According to the scholia it is his epithet at Lesbos, though Hesychius states – without giving a reason or mentioning the son of Thyestes – that the place was Samos.

Thyestes
In Greek mythology, Thyestes (pronounced /θaɪˈɛstiːz/, Greek: Θυέστης, [tʰyéstɛːs]) was a king of Olympia. Thyestes and his brother, Atreus, were exiled by their father for having murdered their half-brother, Chrysippus, in their desire for the throne of Olympia. They took refuge in Mycenae, where they ascended the throne upon the absence of King Eurystheus, who was fighting the Heracleidae. Eurystheus had meant for their lordship to be temporary; it became permanent because of his death in conflict.

The most popular representation of Thyestes is that of the play Thyestes by Seneca in 62 AD. This play is one of the originals for the revenge tragedy genre. Although inspired by Greek mythology and legend, Seneca's version is different.
Pantosaurus
Pantosaurus ("all lizard") is an extinct genus of plesiosaur from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) of what is now Wyoming. It lived in what used to be the Sundance Sea. It was originally named Parasaurus ("near lizard") by Othniel Charles Marsh in reference to Plesiosaurus, but that name was preoccupied, and Marsh changed it. The species Muraenosaurus reedii is in fact a junior synonym of Pantosaurus. The holotype YPM 543 is a partial articulated skeleton, partially prepared to yield a distal humerus, four articulated carpals, a fragment of the coracoid, and several isolated cervical vertebrae from the Upper Member of the Sundance Formation. Other material includes USNM 536963, USNM 536965, UW 3, UW 5544 and UW 15938.

Parasaurus
Parasaurus (meaning "near lizard") is a genus of pareiasaur known from fossils collected in the Kupferschiefer and Zechstein in Germany (Hesse, Thuringia and Lower Saxony), dating to the Late Permian (Wuchiapingian). The type species, Parasaurus geinitzi, described by Hermann von Meyer in 1857, was the first pareiasaur ever described. The seven known specimens were redescribed in 2008.
Rib Lake, Ontario
Rib Lake is an unincorporated place and railway point in the town of Latchford, Timiskaming District, Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in geographic Gillies Limit Township and is located on the west shore of Rib Lake along the Ontario Northland Railway. Rib Lake was the location of a train station in the 1940s.

Railroad switch
A railroad switch (AE), turnout, or (set of) points (CE) is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another, such as at a railway junction or where a spur or siding branches off.
Artelys Knitro
Artelys Knitro is a commercial software package for solving large scale nonlinear mathematical optimization problems.

KNITRO – (the original solver name) short for "Nonlinear Interior point Trust Region Optimization" (the "K" is silent) – was co-created by Richard Waltz, Jorge Nocedal, Todd Plantenga and Rich Byrd. It was first introduced in 2001, as a derivative of academic research at Northwestern University. Subsequently, it was developed by Ziena Optimization LLC, which has been bought by Frech Artelys.

Optimization problems must be presented to Knitro in mathematical form, and should provide a way of computing function derivatives using sparse matrices (Knitro can compute derivatives approximation but in most cases providing the exact derivatives is beneficial). An often easier approach is to develop the optimization problem in an algebraic modeling language. The modeling environment computes function derivatives, and Knitro is called as a "solver" from within the environment.

Commercial software
Commercial software, or, seldom, payware, is a computer software that is produced for sale or that serves commercial purposes. Commercial software can be proprietary software or free and open-source software.
County of Minburn No. 27
The County of Minburn No. 27 is a municipal district in east central Alberta, Canada. Its municipal office is located in the Town of Vegreville. Located in Census Division No. 10, the County of Minburn No. 27 was formed as a county on January 1, 1965, from the former Municipal District of Minburn No. 72.

Vegreville
Vegreville /ˈvɛɡrəvɪl/ (Ukrainian: Веґревіль) is a town in central Alberta, Canada. It is on Highway 16A approximately 103 km (64 mi) east of Edmonton, Alberta's capital city.  It was incorporated as a town in 1906, and that year also saw the founding of the Vegreville Observer, a weekly newspaper for the region.

A large percentage of Vegreville's population is of Ukrainian Canadian descent, and it is home to the Vegreville egg, the world's second largest pysanka (Ukrainian Easter egg).
Allium pseudoalbidum
Allium pseudoalbidum is a species of onion in the family Amaryllidaceae. It is endemic to Kars Province in Turkey. It can be found in montane steppe at about 1,900 m elevation. Because it is threatened by overgrazing, hay making and deforestation, it has been classified as an endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
Randolph/Wabash station
Randolph/Wabash was an elevated 'L' station in the Loop in Chicago. Located at Randolph Street and Wabash Avenue, it served trains running on the Chicago Transit Authority's Brown and Green lines on the outer loop track, and the Green, Orange, Pink, and Purple lines on the inner loop track. Randolph/Wabash was the closest 'L' station to Metra's Millennium Station until its closure on September 3, 2017. The station was later demolished.

Pink Line (CTA)
The Pink Line is an 11.2 mi (18.0 km) rapid transit line in Chicago, run by the Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) as part of the Chicago "L" system. It is the CTA's newest rail line and began operation for a 180-day trial period on June 25, 2006, running between 54th/Cermak station in Cicero, Illinois and the Loop in downtown Chicago. As the line enters downtown Chicago, it begins to share tracks with Green Line trains on Lake Street. This connection is handled by the previously non-revenue Paulina Connector set of tracks. In 2023, over 3 million passengers boarded Pink Line trains.
Xplorer Motorhomes
Xplorer Motorhomes are small Class B motorhomes built on a van chassis. It was the designer and builder of the first production motorhome. Ray Frank, the creator of the Travco Motorhome, saw his Frank Industries sold and renamed Travco in the early sixties. He began Xplorer Motor Homes in 1967, seeing a market for small, garageable motorhomes based on Dodge vans. The roofs and back walls were removed and extended with fiberglass domes, and some models had dropped floor areas that created (with the domed roof) six feet or more of standing room.

In 2004, Xplorer Motorhomes was sold to Bob Helvie. The company is based in Elkhart, Indiana.

Elkhart, Indiana
Elkhart (/ˈɛlkɑːrt/ EL-kart) is a city in Elkhart County, Indiana, United States. The population was 53,923 at the 2020 census. The city is located 15 miles (24 km) east of South Bend, Indiana. It is the most populous city in the  Elkhart–Goshen metropolitan area, which in turn is part of the South Bend–Elkhart–Mishawaka combined statistical area, in a region commonly known as Michiana.
Alan Sharp (rugby union)
Alan Victor Sharp (born 17 October 1969) is a British former rugby union international who represented Scotland.

A native of Bristol, Sharp was a Scotland representative at underage level but had also toured with England B, prior to his call up to the Scottish national team. He qualified as a Scotland player through his Scottish grandmother.

In 1994 he featured in six Test matches for Scotland as a prop, debuting against England at Murrayfield.

Sharp played his club rugby for the Bristol Bears, Clifton and Coventry.

Sharp is now forwards coach at Bishopston RFC

Coventry R.F.C.
Coventry Rugby Football Club is a professional rugby union club based in Coventry, England. The club enjoyed great success during the 1960s and 70s, with many players representing their countries. Coventry's home ground is the Nick Newbold Stadium (formerly known as Butts Park Arena), which opened in 2004. Between 1921 and 2004, the club played at Coundon Road. The club plays in Champ Rugby (the second tier of the English rugby union system) following their promotion from the 2017–18 National League 1.
Jack Hurrell
John Richard "Jack" Hurrell (17 August 1933 – 2003) was a Welsh international rugby union centre who played club rugby for Cross Keys RFC, Tredegar and Newport. He was awarded just one cap for Wales facing France in the 1959 Five Nations Championship.

1959 Five Nations Championship
The 1959 Five Nations Championship was the thirtieth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Counting its earlier forms as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this marked the 65th series of the northern hemisphere's rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 10 January and 18 April. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. France won the title outright for the first time, after two shared wins in 1954 and 1955.
Black Moses (album)
Black Moses is the fifth studio album by American soul musician Isaac Hayes. It is a double album released on Stax Records' Enterprise label in 1971. The follow-up to Hayes' successful soundtrack for Shaft (also a double album), Black Moses features Hayes' version of the Jackson 5's hit single "Never Can Say Goodbye". Hayes' version became a hit in its own right, peaking at number 22 on the Billboard Hot 100. The album reached number one on the Billboard R&B album chart on January 15, 1972.

Ike's Rap II became a popular track to sample, most notably by Portishead in their song Glory Box. Other artists include Tricky, Alessia Cara, Snoh Aalegra, and Racionais MC's.

Portishead (band)
Portishead (/ˌpɔːrtɪsˈhɛd/ PORT-iss-HED) are an English electronic band formed in 1991 in Bristol. The band comprises Beth Gibbons (vocals), Geoff Barrow (multiple instruments, production), and Adrian Utley (guitar). Dave McDonald, an audio engineer who helped produce their first two albums, is sometimes regarded as the fourth member.

Portishead's debut album, Dummy (1994), fused hip-hop production with an atmospheric style reminiscent of spy film soundtracks and yearning vocals from Gibbons. It was met with critical acclaim and commercial success, becoming a landmark album in the emerging trip-hop genre. However, the band disliked being associated with the term. Their two other studio albums, Portishead (1997) and Third (2008), received similar acclaim. Portishead have also released the live album Roseland NYC Live (1998).
Assets School
Assets School is a co-educational, independent K-12 school in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was established in 1955 and is the only school in the state that specializes in educating children who are gifted and/or have language-based learning differences such as dyslexia. Assets School has two campus locations in Honolulu: the lower elementary K-8 school campus is located in Honolulu near Hickam at One Ohana Nui Way (not on base), while the high school campus is located in Honolulu Liliha area at 913 Alewa Drive.

Interscholastic League of Honolulu
21°18′17″N 157°51′11″W﻿ / ﻿21.3047988°N 157.8530661°W﻿ / 21.3047988; -157.8530661

The Interscholastic League of Honolulu (ILH) is an athletic activity league whose membership is primarily private secondary schools in Honolulu, Hawai'i. The ILH has 20 member schools with over 13,000 student athletes participating in 37 different sports including cross country, track and field, swimming and diving, football, baseball, basketball, soccer, canoe paddling, kayaking, air riflery, water polo, judo, cheerleading, and sailing.
1949 Oklahoma Sooners football team
The 1949 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 1949 college football season. In their third year under head coach Bud Wilkinson, the Sooners compiled an undefeated 11–0 record (5–0 against conference opponents), won the Big Seven Conference championship, were ranked No. 2 in the final AP poll, were named national champions by Football Research, and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 399 to 88.

Five Sooners received All-America honors in 1949: Jim Owens (end), Darrell Royal (quarterback), George Thomas (halfback), Wade Walker (tackle) and Stanley West (guard). The same five players also received all-conference honors.

1949 All-Big Seven Conference football team
The 1949 All-Big Seven Conference football team consists of American football players chosen by various organizations for All-Big Six Conference teams for the 1949 college football season.  The selectors for the 1949 season included the Associated Press (AP) and United Press (UP). Players who were the consensus first-team selection of both the AP and UP are shown in bold.