hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests (November 2019)
The month of November 2019 in the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests started with protesting in malls and police getting into homes and malls to arrest protesters. The death of Chow Tsz-lok in Sheung Tak, Tseung Kwan O had led to more protests. In mid November, there were city-wide strikes which lasted for more than a week. Hong Kong Police officers fired tear gas in Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU), and nearby areas. In late November, the District Council elections were held. The pro-democracy camp in conjunction with the localist groups got more than 80 per cent of the seats and gained control of 17 out of 18 District Councils.

Tsuen Wan
Tsuen Wan (formerly also spelled Tsun Wan) is a town built on a bay in the western New Territories of Hong Kong, opposite Tsing Yi Island across Rambler Channel. The market town of Tsuen Wan emerged from the surrounding villages and fleets of fishing boats in the area. The modern city is centered the Tsuen Wan station of the MTR. Its coastline was further extended through land reclamation.
Mittlerer Sonnblick
The Mittlerer Sonnblick is a 3,000 metre high sub-peak of the Großer Sonnblick (3,030 m) to which it is linked by a knife-edge ridge. It is a border peak between the two Austrian federal states of Carinthia and Salzburg. It lies within the Ankogel Group of mountains, a sub-group of the High Tauern.

The mountain has a prominence of 100 metres and an isolation of 660 metres.

The peak has achieved certain renown, no doubt because it is the easternmost three-thousander in the Alps. It is certainly not wrong to say that the Großer Sonnblick is the easternmost mountain in the Alps that exceeds the 3,000-metre mark, but it is not the easternmost point in the Alps that reaches that height.

Carinthia
Carinthia (German: Kärnten [ˈkɛʁntn̩] ⓘ; Slovene: Koroška [kɔˈɾóːʃka] ⓘ or avstrijska Koroška; Italian: Carinzia [kaˈrintsja]) is the southernmost and least densely populated Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main Ridge, near the Plöcken Pass. The main language is Austrian German, with its non-standard dialects belonging to the Southern Bavarian group; Carinthian Slovene dialects, forms of a South Slavic language that predominated in the southeastern part of the region up to the first half of the 20th century, are now spoken by a small minority in the area.

Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry, and agriculture.
Ectoedemia trinotata
Ectoedemia trinotata is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in eastern North America.

The wingspan is 4.5–5 mm. There are two generations per year, the mines of the first appearing during the early part of July and those of the second generation at the beginning of September

The larvae feed on Carya cordiformis and Carya ovata. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Carya cordiformis
Carya cordiformis, the bitternut hickory, also called bitternut, yellowbud hickory, or swamp hickory, is a large hickory species native to the eastern United States and adjacent Canada. Notable for its unique sulphur-yellow buds, it is one of the most widespread hickories and is the northernmost species of pecan hickory (Carya sect. Apocarya). It is the shortest-lived of the hickories, living to about 200 years.
Mod deflate
mod_deflate is an optional module for the Apache HTTP Server, Apache v2.0 and later. It is based on Deflate lossless data compression algorithm that uses a combination of the LZ77 algorithm and Huffman coding.  This module provides the DEFLATE output filter that allows output from Apache HTTP server to be compressed before being sent to the client over the network. It also provides a filter for decompressing (inflating, uncompressing) a gzip compressed response body.

Gzip
gzip is a file format and a file compression program. The program uses the Deflate algorithm to compress and decompress a single file using the gzip file format.

gzip was released in 1992 as a free software replacement for the compress program because its compression algorithm, LZW, was covered by patents from Unisys and IBM, which did not expire until 2003 and 2004. Jean-loup Gailly designed the gzip file format, which was later specified by RFC 1952, and originally wrote the gzip program. Mark Adler wrote the decompression part. gzip is now developed by the GNU project.

As the file format can be decompressed via a streaming algorithm, it is commonly used in stream-based technology such as Web protocols, data interchange and ETL (in standard pipes).
Wólka, Aleksandrów County
Wólka [ˈvulka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Aleksandrów Kujawski, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is located in the region of Kuyavia.

Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo kujawsko-pomorskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ kuˈjafskɔ pɔˈmɔrskʲɛ] ⓘ) is one of Poland's 16 voivodeships (provinces).

It was created on 1 January 1999 and is situated in mid-northern Poland, on the boundary between the two historic regions, from which it takes its name: Kuyavia (Polish: Kujawy) and Pomerania (Polish: Pomorze).

Its two chief cities, serving as the province's joint capitals, are Bydgoszcz and Toruń.
The Screen Illusion
The Screen Illusion is a French television film directed by Mathieu Amalric and aired on 17 December 2010, on France 2. It is a loose adaptation of Corneille's play L'Illusion Comique from 1636. This work, which is not a recording, was made with the actors of the Comédie-Française, the sponsoring institution of the work, but in an original staging conceived by Mathieu Amalric, different from that of Galin Stoev performed at the Comédie-Française starting from December 2008, partly concurrently.

Due to its formal originality, this TV film received multiple official selections in various European and American film festivals between 2011 and 2012. Consequently, it gradually gained a full-fledged cinematographic status and received positive critical acclaim in France and intentionally.

Hôtel du Louvre
The Hôtel du Louvre (French pronunciation: [otɛl dy luvʁ]) is a Parisian luxury hotel in Second Empire style, with a 5-star rating. It is located opposite the Louvre, on Place André-Malraux in the 1st arrondissement. It is owned by the Constellation Hotels Holdings group and operated by Hyatt.
Patricof
Patricof is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Patricof (born 1934), American investor

Jamie Patricof, American movie and television producer

Jon Patricof (born 1973), American businessman, son of Alan and brother of Jamie

Alan Patricof
Alan Patricof (born 22 October 1934) is an American investor who founded the venture capital firm Alan Patricof Associates in 1969. For five years, starting in 2001, he stepped back from day-to-day management of his firm to foster entrepreneurship in the developing world. Patricof returned to found Greycroft in 2006, which by 2022 had $3 billion under management. He's been a member of numerous boards and commissions in three Administrations. Patricof is now co-founder and chairman of Primetime Partners.
Acousto-optic modulator
An acousto-optic modulator (AOM), also called a Bragg cell or an acousto-optic deflector (AOD), uses the acousto-optic effect to diffract and shift the frequency of light using sound waves (usually at radio-frequency).  They are used in lasers for Q-switching, telecommunications for signal modulation, and in spectroscopy for frequency control.  A piezoelectric transducer is attached to a material such as glass. An oscillating electric signal drives the transducer to vibrate, which creates sound waves in the material.  These can be thought of as moving periodic planes of expansion and compression that change the index of refraction.  Incoming light scatters (see Brillouin scattering) off the resulting periodic index modulation and interference occurs similar to Bragg diffraction.  The interaction can be thought of as a three-wave mixing process resulting in sum-frequency generation or difference-frequency generation between phonons and photons.

Radio frequency
Radio frequency (RF) is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz. These are the frequencies at which energy from an oscillating current can radiate off a conductor into space as radio waves, so they are used in radio technology, among other uses.  Different sources specify different upper and lower bounds for the frequency range.
Bottom Bitch
"Bottom Bitch" is a song by American rapper and singer Doja Cat. It was released through Kemosabe and RCA Records on October 3, 2019, as the second single from her second studio album Hot Pink (2019). The song was written and produced by Doja Cat and Yeti Beats with additional writing credits going to the members of Blink-182 for the sampling of their 1999 single "What's My Age Again?".

Musically, the song incorporates alternative hip hop and pop-punk with elements of grunge. A music video was released on the same day, directed by Jack Begert. It shows Doja skateboarding around the San Fernando Valley while vandalizing and causing trouble, ending with a performance of the song at a skate park, with a cameo appearance by American rapper Rico Nasty.

Ke-mo sah-bee
Ke-mo sah-bee (/ˌkiːmoʊˈsɑːbiː/; often spelled kemo sabe, kemosabe or kimosabe) is the term used by the fictional Native American sidekick Tonto as the "Native American" name for the Lone Ranger in the American Lone Ranger radio program and television show. Derived from gimoozaabi, an Ojibwe and Potawatomi word that may mean 'he/she looks out in secret', it has been occasionally translated as "trusty scout" or "faithful friend".
Lee Academy (Maine)
Lee Academy (LA) is a private boarding and day high school in Lee, Maine, United States, founded in 1845 as a teacher training school, and now serving grades 9–12. The school is paid by the area school district for Lee, Maine School Administrative District 30, to take students at the high school level. Additionally, in the case of unorganized areas, the Maine Department of Education pays the school to take students for high school.

Due to these factors, Nick Sambides Jr. of the Bangor Daily News described the school as "semi-public".

Bangor Daily News
The Bangor Daily News is an American newspaper covering a large portion of central and eastern Maine, published six days per week in Bangor, Maine.

The Bangor Daily News was founded on June 18, 1889; it merged with the Bangor Whig and Courier in 1900. Also known as the News or the BDN, the paper is published by Bangor Publishing Company, a local family-owned company.

It has been owned by the Towle-Warren family for four generations; current publisher Richard J. Warren is the great-grandson of J. Norman Towle, who bought the paper in 1895. Since 2018, it has been the only independently owned daily newspaper in the state.
Crows Explode
Crows Explode (クローズ EXPLODE, Kurōzu Explode) is a 2014 Japanese action film directed by Toshiaki Toyoda. It is the third film based on the manga Crows by Hiroshi Takahashi. It is the sequel to 2009's Crows Zero 2. It features new characters and an almost entirely new cast, including Masahiro Higashide and Taichi Saotome. The film was released in Japan on April 12, 2014.

2014 in film
The following is an overview of the events of 2014 in film, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, and a list of films released and notable deaths. DreamWorks Pictures and DreamWorks Animation celebrate their 20th anniversary in 2014.
Jessica Depauli
Jessica Depauli (born 1991) is a retired Austrian alpine skier.

She competed at the 2010 and 2011 Junior World Championships. In 2010 she won the silver medal in the downhill and bronze in the combined, and in 2011 she won the gold medal in the slalom.

She made her World Cup debut in November 2010 in Levi. She collected her first World Cup points with a 23rd place in March 2011 in Lenzerheide. She managed seven more World Cup placements in the 20s range before improving to 18th in her very last World Cup outing, in March 2013 in Ofterschwang.

She represented the sports club SK Kirchberg.

FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The FIS Alpine Ski World Cup is the top international circuit of alpine skiing competitions, launched in 1966 by a group of ski racing friends and experts that included French journalist Serge Lang and the alpine ski team directors from France (Honore Bonnet) and the USA (Bob Beattie). It was soon backed by International Ski Federation president Marc Hodler during the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1966 at Portillo, Chile, and became an official FIS event in the spring of 1967 after the FIS Congress at Beirut, Lebanon.

The inaugural World Cup race was held on 5 January 1967 in Berchtesgaden, West Germany, a slalom won by Heinrich Messner of Austria. Jean-Claude Killy of France and Nancy Greene of Canada were the overall winners for the first two seasons.
Androcalva pearnii
Androcalva pearnii is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to the Blackdown Tableland National Park in eastern Queensland. It is shrub that forms suckers and has hairy new growth, wavy, oblong to elliptic leaves with rounded lobes on the edges, and groups of 3 to 8 white and cream-coloured to pale green flowers.

Basal shoot
Basal shoots, root sprouts, adventitious shoots, and suckers are words for various kinds of shoots that grow from adventitious buds on the base of a tree or shrub, or from adventitious buds on its roots. Shoots that grow from buds on the base of a tree or shrub are called basal shoots; these are distinguished from shoots that grow from adventitious buds on the roots of a tree or shrub, which may be called root sprouts or suckers. A plant that produces root sprouts or runners is described as surculose. Water sprouts produced by adventitious buds may occur on the above-ground stem, branches or both of trees and shrubs. Suckers are shoots arising underground from the roots some distance from the base of a tree or shrub.
Solar eclipse of June 19, 1917
A partial solar eclipse occurred at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Tuesday, June 19, 1917, with a magnitude of 0.4729. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth.

This was the second of four solar eclipses in 1917, with the others occurring on January 23, July 19, and December 14.

A partial eclipse was visible for parts of northern North America, Northern Europe, and North Asia.

Northern Europe
The northern region of Europe has several definitions. A restrictive definition may describe northern Europe as being roughly north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, which is about 54°N, or may be based on other geographical factors such as climate and ecology.
S.L. Benfica (billiards)
Sport Lisboa e Benfica (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɨˈpɔɾ liʒˈβoɐ i βɐ̃jˈfikɐ] ⓘ), commonly known as Benfica, is a semi-professional billiards team based in Lisbon, Portugal. Founded in 1938, Benfica compete in the Portuguese Billiards League, in carom billiards (three-cushion), pool (eight-ball and nine-ball), and snooker events. The team is almost exclusively composed of Portuguese players. They play at the Estádio da Luz in a 202 square meters room with 4 professional pool tables and a 50 people stand.

CEB European Three-cushion Championship
The CEB European Three-cushion Championship is three-cushion billiards tournament organized by the Confédération Européenne de Billard. Held since 1932, it is one of longest-running tournaments in the sport. The 2007 event offered a total purse of €18,500 (US$26,134) with €4,000 ($5,651) for the winner.

Before 1995, there was a third place match played between the two losing finalists, in order to determine the ranking. However, the match has been cancelled since then and the losing finalists are regarded as having the same ranking in the competition.

Since the season 2012/13 the tournament was held in a mammoth event every two years in Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany.
Oksana Kondratyeva
Oksana Yurevna Kondratyeva (Russian: Оксана Юрьевна Кондратьева; born 22 November 1985) is a Russian track and field athlete competing in the hammer throw. Her personal best of 77.13 m (253 ft 1⁄2 in) ranks her in the all-time top ten of the event. She represented Russia at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics, placing seventh.

She is a four-time participant at the Summer Universiade, with her best performance coming in 2013, when she won the silver medal. She holds the title of Russia Master of Sport – International Class. She is the daughter of hammer thrower Yuriy Sedykh and sprinter Lyudmila Kondratyeva.

Unified Sports Classification System of Russia
Unified All-Russian Sports Classification (Russian: Единая всероссийская спортивная классификация) is a system which regulates the Russian physical education system requirements for both athletes and coaches.
Republicanism in the Netherlands
Republicanism in the Netherlands is a movement that strives to abolish the Dutch monarchy and replace it with a republic. Currently, the Netherlands are a constitutional monarchy with the King as the head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government.

The popularity of the organised republican movement that seeks to abolish the monarchy in its entirety has been suggested to be a minority among the people of the Netherlands, according to opinion polls (according to one 2023 poll, 37%).

Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda
Nassau-Orange-Fulda (sometimes also named Fulda and Corvey) was a short-lived principality of the Holy Roman Empire from 1803 to 1806. It was created for William Frederick, the son and heir of William V, Prince of Orange, the ousted stadtholder of the abolished Dutch Republic after the Batavian Revolution of 1795.
Gary Haq
Gary Haq is a human ecologist, author and Research Associate at the Stockholm Environment Institute at the University of York. He is an expert in transport and environment, climate change, carbon footprint, behavioural change, carbon and urban air pollution management.

Human ecology
Human ecology is the interdisciplinary study of the relationships between humans and their natural, social, and built environments. Emerging from ecology and the social sciences in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it integrates perspectives from biology, geography, sociology, anthropology, psychology, public health, and related fields.

The discipline examines how human populations adapt to environmental conditions, how cultural and social structures influence ecological interactions, and how technological and economic systems shape sustainability.

Human ecology has informed urban planning, epidemiology, resource management, and environmental policy, while also drawing on traditional and indigenous knowledge of human–environment relations. Today, it serves as a framework for understanding global challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and social resilience.
Rishi Patel
Rishi Ketan Patel (born 26 July 1998) is an English cricketer. He has played for Essex's Second XI side, and signed a professional contract with Essex in 2018. He made his first-class debut on 26 March 2019, for Cambridge MCCU against Essex, as part of the Marylebone Cricket Club University fixtures. He made his List A debut on 28 April 2019, for Essex in the 2019 Royal London One-Day Cup. In October 2020, he was signed by Leicestershire County Cricket Club on a three-year deal. Patel made his Twenty20 debut on 10 June 2021, for Leicestershire in the 2021 T20 Blast.

On 9 April 2023, he scored his maiden century in first-class cricket, leading Leicestershire to defeat Yorkshire for the first time since 1910 by three wickets.

Patel signed a new two-year contract with Leicestershire in February 2025.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Direction determination
Direction determination refers to the ways in which a cardinal direction or compass point can be determined in navigation and wayfinding. The most direct method is using a compass (magnetic compass or gyrocompass), but indirect methods exist, based on the Sun path (unaided or by using a watch or sundial), the stars, and satellite navigation.

Cardinal direction
The four cardinal directions or cardinal points are the four main compass directions: north (N), east (E), south (S), and west (W). The corresponding azimuths (clockwise horizontal angle from north) are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°.

The four ordinal directions or intercardinal directions are northeast (NE), southeast (SE), southwest (SW), and northwest (NW).
The corresponding azimuths are 45°, 135°, 225°, and 315°.

The intermediate direction of every pair of neighboring cardinal and intercardinal directions is called a secondary intercardinal direction. These eight shortest points in the compass rose shown to the right are:

West-northwest (WNW)

North-northwest (NNW)

North-northeast (NNE)

East-northeast (ENE)

East-southeast (ESE)

South-southeast (SSE)

South-southwest (SSW)

West-southwest (WSW)

Points between the cardinal directions form the points of the compass. Arbitrary horizontal directions may be indicated by their azimuth angle value.
Football at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Knockout stage
The knockout stage of the 1960 Summer Olympics football tournament was the second and final stage of the competition, following the first round. Played from 5 to 10 September, the knockout stage ended with the final held at Stadio Flaminio in Rome, Italy. The top team from each group advanced to the knockout stage to compete in a single-elimination tournament. There were four matches in the knockout stage, including a third place play-off played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.

Stadio Flaminio
The Stadio Flaminio is a stadium in Rome. It lies along the Via Flaminia, three kilometres northwest of the city centre, 300 metres away from the Parco di Villa Glori.

The interior spaces include a covered swimming pool, rooms for fencing, amateur wrestling, weightlifting, boxing, and gymnastics.