hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Cruise of the Snark
The Cruise of the Snark  is a 1911 illustrated non-fiction book by Jack London chronicling his sailing adventure in 1907 across the south Pacific in his ketch the Snark.  Accompanying London on this voyage was his wife Charmian London and a small crew.  London taught himself celestial navigation and the basics of sailing and of boats during the course of this adventure and describes these details to the reader.  He visits exotic locations including the Solomon Islands and Hawaii, and his first-person accounts and photographs provide insight into these remote places at the beginning of the 20th century.

Celestial navigation
Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the practice of position fixing using stars and other celestial bodies that enables a navigator to accurately determine their actual current physical position in space or on the surface of the Earth without relying solely on estimated positional calculations, commonly known as dead reckoning. Celestial navigation is performed without using satellite navigation or other similar modern electronic or digital positioning means.

Celestial navigation uses "sights," or timed angular measurements, taken typically between a celestial body (e.g., the Sun, the Moon, a planet, or a star) and the visible horizon. Celestial navigation can also take advantage of measurements between celestial bodies without reference to the Earth's horizon, such as when the Moon and other selected bodies are used in the practice called "lunars" or the lunar distance method, used for determining precise time when time is unknown.
Rottum (island group)
Rottum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɔtʏm]) is a nature reserve in the Wadden Sea in the Netherlands. It consists of the three West Frisian Islands Rottumerplaat, Rottumeroog, and Zuiderduintjes. As a nature reserve, Rottum receives highest protection status under Dutch law; admission to the islands is restricted. The Dutch Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality and the government organisations Rijkswaterstaat and Staatsbosbeheer share responsibility for the nature reserve.

Staatsbosbeheer
Staatsbosbeheer, founded in 1899, is a Dutch government organization for forestry and the management of nature reserves.

Staatsbosbeheer currently oversees over 250,000 hectares of land in the Netherlands. Usually this land is open to the public for recreational purposes, but restrictions often apply. Examples are the compulsory use of a leash when bringing a dog, or daytime access only.

The organization has been criticized for not taking sufficient care of its lands, and for interfering with political decisions, but news reports are generally positive or simply report public service announcements from the organization.

While the literal translation of the name would be 'State Forest Management', forests make up only 900 square kilometres of the total land under its supervision. The remaining land consists of various landscapes, such as dunes, polders and wetlands.
Eskdalemuir
Eskdalemuir  is a civil parish and small village in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, with a population of 265.  It is around 10 miles (16 km) north-west of Langholm and 10 miles (16 km) north-east of Lockerbie.

The area comprises high wet moorlands, chiefly used for sheep grazing and forestry plantation (Eskdalemuir Forest). The main settlement is near the White Esk river.

Eskdalemuir is probably best known for the Eskdalemuir Observatory and for the Samye Ling Tibetan Buddhist monastery.

Lockerbie
Lockerbie (/ˈlɒkərbi/, Scottish Gaelic: Locarbaidh) is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, south-western Scotland. The 2001 Census recorded its population as 4,009; it was estimated to have risen to 
4,190 in 2020. The town came to international attention in December 1988, when the wreckage of Pan Am Flight 103 crashed there following a terrorist bomb attack aboard the flight.
Colton Moore
Colton Chase Moore (born October 10, 1993) is an American politician. He is a former member of the Georgia General Assembly. He represented Georgia's 1st House District in the Georgia State House of Representatives from January 14, 2019 to January 14, 2021, and represented Georgia's 53rd Senate District in the Georgia State Senate from January 9, 2023 to January 13, 2026. On September 28, 2023, the Georgia Senate Republican Caucus indefinitely suspended Moore for attacking his Republican colleagues. Moore was later banned from the House floor in March 2024 for making controversial comments during a day of remembrance for late House Speaker David Ralston.

Fani Willis
Fani Taifa Willis (née Floyd; /fɑːniː/, FAH-nee; born October 27, 1971) is an American attorney. She is the district attorney of Fulton County, Georgia, which contains most of Atlanta, serving since 2021. She is the first woman to hold the office in Fulton County.

Willis investigated the 2020 presidential election in Georgia, which resulted in indictments against Donald Trump and 18 alleged co-conspirators on charges of racketeering and other crimes, but was subsequently disqualified from the case over improprieties and conflicts of interest, ultimately leading to the dismissal of all charges. Willis also investigated and prosecuted rapper Young Thug and members of his YSL record label on charges of racketeering and gang-related crimes in violation of Georgia's RICO Act.
Evansville Vanderburgh School Corporation
The Evansville Vanderburgh School Corporation (EVSC) is a public school corporation serving Evansville, Indiana and Vanderburgh County; its boundary includes the entire county. It is the third largest school district in the state of Indiana, behind Indianapolis Public Schools and Fort Wayne Community Schools and the largest in Southern Indiana. The headquarters are located on Walnut Street in downtown Evansville. The school district serves nearly 23,000 students educated by more than 1,600 teachers.

The Evansville Vanderburgh School Corporation comprises 37 different schools – 17 elementary schools, 7 middle schools, 4 K-8 schools, 5 high schools and 4 magnet schools, one of which draws students from 8 other school corporations across 4 other counties.

On November 4, 2008, voters approved a $149 million bond issue for the Evansville Vanderburgh School Corporation, which paid for the new North High school and a list of other projects.

K–8 school
K–8 schools, elementary-middle schools, or K–8 centers are schools in the United States that enroll students from kindergarten/pre-K (age 5–6) to 8th grade (up to age 14), combining the typical elementary school (K–5/6) and junior high or middle school (6/7–8).

As of 2007, many American private schools have K–8 configurations.
1979 Venezuelan motorcycle Grand Prix
The 1979 Venezuelan motorcycle Grand Prix, the first of 13 rounds of the F.I.M. 1979 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, was held on 18 March at the San Carlos Circuit. British rider Barry Sheene, world champion in 1976 and 1977,  won the 500cc GP  by 18 seconds from Italian Virginio Ferrari to make it three successive Venezuelan GPs. Venezuelan racer Carlos Lavado won the 350cc class from Italian Walter Villa and Frenchman Patrick Fernandez.

Villa won the 250cc event, ahead of South African rider Kork Ballington by 20 seconds, marking the final Grand Prix victory of Villa's motorcycle racing career. Spanish rider Ángel Nieto won the 125cc class from Frenchman Thierry Espié and Italian Maurizio Massimiani. Nieto would later win the 125cc season championship. Yamaha won two races, and Suzuki and Minarelli one each.

Maurizio Massimiani
Maurizio Massimiani (born 22 September 1953) is an Italian former professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer.

Massimiani was born in Scandriglia, Italy. His best year was in 1979 when he finished second in the 125cc world championship.
St. Mary's Cathedral, Yangon
Saint Mary's Cathedral or Immaculate Conception Cathedral is a Catholic cathedral located on the corner of Bogyoke Aung San Road and Bo Aung Kyaw Street in Botahtaung Township, Yangon, Myanmar. The cathedral's exterior, of red brick, consists of spires and a bell tower. It was designed by Dutch architect Joseph Cuypers, son of Pierre Cuypers.

The cathedral is the largest in Burma. Located on the grounds of the cathedral is Basic Education High School No. 6, which is locally known as "Saint Paul's High School", although it has no religious affiliation with the Catholic Church today.

Bogyoke Aung San Road
Bogyoke Aung San Road (Burmese: ဗိုလ်ချုပ်အောင်ဆန်းလမ်း, formerly Montgomery Road) is a major road of southern Yangon, Burma. It crosses the city in a west–east direction, running parallel to Maha Bandula Road. The road contains several hospitals, BEHS 1 Latha (Central High School), BEHS 2 Latha (St. John's Convent School) and  Yangon General Hospital is just off the road.
Andrea Eckert
Andrea Eckert (born 17 September 1958) is an Austrian stage and film actress, singer and documentary filmmaker.

Born in Vienna, Eckert first studied literature in Paris, France, then decided on a stage career and trained with Dorothea Neff. Her roles have included the eponymous heroines in Hebbel's Judith, Schiller's Maria Stuart, Jelinek's Clara S., Sophocles's Elektra, Kleist's Penthesilea, and Maria Callas in Terrence McNally's Meisterklasse (Master Class).

Eckert has frequently appeared on television (for example in guest roles on Kommissar Rex) and in the cinema. She also made documentaries about Lucia Westerguard, Turhan Bey, and Leopold and Josefine Hawelka.

She lives in Vienna.

Heinrich von Kleist
Bernd Heinrich Wilhelm von Kleist (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç fɔn ˈklaɪst] ⓘ; 18 October 1777 – 21 November 1811) was a German poet, dramatist, novelist, short story writer and journalist. His best known works are the theatre plays The Prince of Homburg, Das Käthchen von Heilbronn, The Broken Jug, Amphitryon and Penthesilea, and the novellas Michael Kohlhaas and The Marquise of O. Kleist ended his life in a suicide pact by shooting himself together with a close female friend who was terminally ill.

The Kleist Prize, a prestigious prize for German literature, is named after him, as was the Kleist Theater in his birthplace Frankfurt an der Oder.
Julia Keese Colles
Julia Keese Nelson Colles (1840–1913) was an American historian, lecturer, and writer who lived in and studied Morristown, New Jersey.

In 1893, she published a collection of Morristown, New Jersey history in Authors and Writers Associated with Morristown. Colles also helped found the women's branch of the New Jersey Historical Society, and served as the chair of social science at Rutgers Female College in New York City. She was also a member of the Women's Town Improvement Association, and the American Historical Association.

She gave educational lectures in private homes in Morristown, New Jersey. She gave in-depth lectures focused on the lives of famous literary figures, including Shakespeare, Spenser, Coleridge, Byron, Milton, Goethe, and Chaucer. Other topics included German literature, Russian literature, drama, the art of conversation, Alfred the Great, Marie Antoinette, Martha Washington, Marie Louise, and Hortense de Beauharnais.

Hortense de Beauharnais
Hortense Eugénie Cécile Bonaparte (French pronunciation: [ɔʁtɑ̃s øʒeni sesil bɔnapaʁt]; née de Beauharnais, pronounced [də boaʁnɛ]; 10 April 1783 – 5 October 1837) was Queen of Holland as the wife of King Louis Bonaparte. She was the stepdaughter of Emperor Napoléon I as the daughter of his first wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais. Hortense later married Napoléon I's brother, Louis, making her Napoleon's sister-in-law. She became queen consort of Holland when Louis was made King of Holland in 1806. She and Louis had three sons: Napoléon-Charles Bonaparte; Napoleon III, Emperor of the French; and Louis II of Holland. She also had an illegitimate son, Charles, Duke of Morny, with her lover, the Comte de Flahaut.
Mustang (military officer)
Mustang is a military slang term used in the United States Armed Forces to refer to a commissioned officer who began their career as an enlisted service member. A mustang officer is not a temporary or brevet promotion but is a commissioned officer who receives more pay according to their rank of O1-E, O2-E, etc., but has no more command responsibilities than those of any commissioned officer of the same grade.

Mustang officers are generally older than their peers-in-grade who have been commissioned from one of the service academies (such as the United States Merchant Marine Academy, United States Military Academy, United States Air Force Academy, United States Naval Academy, or United States Coast Guard Academy), Officer Candidate School, or the Reserve Officer Training Corps.

Order of Saint George (Russia)
The Order of Saint George (Russian: Орден Святого Георгия, romanized: Orden Svyatogo Georgiya) is the highest military decoration of the Russian Federation. It was originally established on 26 November 1769 Julian (7 December 1769 Gregorian) as the highest military decoration of the Russian Empire for commissioned officers and generals by Empress Catherine the Great. After the October Revolution in 1917, it was awarded by the White movement under Alexander Kolchak until their collapse in 1921. The order was revived in the Russian Federation on 20 March 1992 by Decree No.1463 of the President of Russia. The current award criteria were amended on 7 September 2010 by Presidential Decree 1099.
Leninsky District, Jewish Autonomous Oblast
Leninsky District (Russian: Ле́нинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the five in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south and center of the autonomous oblast.  The area of the district is 6,068 square kilometers (2,343 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Leninskoye. Population: 20,684 (2010 Census);  22,844 (2002 census); 28,464 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Leninskoye accounts for 29.5% of the district's total population.

Autonomous oblasts of Russia
An autonomous oblast (Russian: автономная область, romanized: avtonómnaya óblastʹ) is a type of federal subject of the Russian Federation. At least theoretically, an autonomous oblast has greater autonomy than other oblasts, but not as much as a republic.

From 1961 to 1991 the Soviet Union had five autonomous oblasts: Adygea, Gorno-Altai, Karachay-Cherkessia, Khakassia and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast. 
The first four were elevated to republics on 3 July 1991, during the dissolution of the Soviet Union, leaving only the Jewish Autonomous Oblast in independent Russia.
Aphilodon
Aphilodon is a genus of soil centipedes in the subfamily Aphilodontinae, a clade formerly known as the family Aphilodontidae but now deemed a subfamily within the family Geophilidae. These centipedes are found in South America. This genus includes sixteen species and is the most diverse of the Neotropical genera in the subfamily Aphilodontinae.

Maxilla (arthropod mouthpart)
In arthropods, the maxillae (singular maxilla) are paired structures present on the head as mouthparts in members of the clade Mandibulata, used for tasting and manipulating food. Embryologically, the maxillae are derived from the 4th and 5th segment of the head and the maxillary palps; segmented appendages extending from the base of the maxilla represent the former leg of those respective segments. In most cases, two pairs of maxillae are present and in different arthropod groups the two pairs of maxillae have been variously modified. In crustaceans, the first pair are called maxillulae (singular maxillula).

Modified coxae at the base of the pedipalps in spiders are also called "maxillae", although they are not homologous with mandibulate maxillae.
VMM-268
Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 268 (VMM-268) is a United States Marine Corps helicopter squadron consisting of MV-22 transport. The squadron, known as the "Red Dragons", is based at Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe, Hawaii and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 24 (MAG-24) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).

Kāneʻohe, Hawaii
Kāneʻohe (Hawaiian pronunciation: [kaːneˈʔohe]) is a census-designated place (CDP) included in the City and County of Honolulu and in Hawaiʻi state District of Koʻolaupoko on the island of Oʻahu. In the Hawaiian language, kāne ʻohe means "bamboo man". According to an ancient Hawaiian story, a local woman compared her husband's cruelty to the sharp edge of cutting bamboo; thus the place was named Kāneʻohe or "bamboo man".

The population was 37,430 at the 2020 census. Kāneʻohe is the largest of several communities along Kāneʻohe Bay and one of the two largest residential communities on the windward side of Oʻahu (the other is Kailua). The town's commercial center is spread mostly along Kamehameha Highway.

Features of note are Hoʻomaluhia Botanical Garden and the Hawaiʻi National Veterans Cemetery. The main shopping center is Windward Mall. Access to Kāneʻohe Bay is mainly from the public pier and boat ramp at nearby Heʻeia Kea.
Salt well
A salt well (or brine well) is used to mine salt from caverns or deposits. Water is used as a solution to dissolve the salt or halite deposits so that they can be extracted by pipe to an evaporation process, which results in either a brine or a dry product for sale or local use.  In the United States during the 19th century, salt wells were a significant source of income for operators and the government. Locating underground salt deposits was usually based on locations of existing salt springs.

In mountainous areas, a similar technique called sink works (from German sinkwerk) is used.

Halite
Halite (/ˈhælaɪt, ˈheɪlaɪt/ HAL-yte, HAY-lyte), commonly known as rock salt, is a type of salt, the mineral (natural) form of sodium chloride (NaCl). Halite forms isometric crystals. The mineral is typically colorless or white, but may also be light blue, dark blue, purple, pink, red, orange, yellow or gray depending on inclusion of other materials, impurities, and structural or isotopic abnormalities in the crystals. It commonly occurs with  other evaporite deposit minerals such as several of the sulfates, halides, and borates. The name halite is derived from the Ancient Greek word for "salt", ἅλς (háls).
Baghlani Jadid
Baghlani Jadid is the main city of the district of  Baghlani Jadid, Baghlan Province, in north-central Afghanistan.  It is located in the valley of the Kunduz River, just east of the main Kunduz-Kabul all-weather highway.

Kunduz
Kunduz, also written as Qunduz, is a city in northern Afghanistan, serving as the capital of Kunduz Province. It is within the jurisdiction of Kunduz District and has an estimated population of 413,996 people as of September 2025.
Mawlavi Gul Mohammad Elyas is the mayor of the city.

Kunduz has a domestic airport and an industrial park, including a growing number of public parks, markets, hospitals, mosques, universities, guesthouses and restaurants. The Kunduz University is located in the middle part of the city.

Kunduz is in the historical Tokharistan region of Bactria, near the confluence of the Kunduz River with the Khanabad River. The city is linked by a road network with Imam Sahib to the north, Taloqan to the east, Baghlan to the south, Mazar-i-Sharif to the west, and Sher Khan Bandar to the northwest. Many foreign tourists coming from Tajikistan pass through the city.
Boris Mikhailov (photographer)
Boris Andreyevich Mikhailov or Borys Andriyovych Mykhailov (Ukrainian: Бори́с Андрі́йович Миха́йлов; born 25 August 1938) is a Ukrainian photographer. He has been awarded the Hasselblad Award and the Citibank Private Bank Photography Prize. and was also Shevchenko National Prize laureate of 2021.

Phaidon Press
Phaidon Press is a global publisher of books on art, architecture, design, fashion, photography, and popular culture, as well as cookbooks, children's books, and travel books. The company is based in London and New York City, with additional offices in Paris and Berlin. With over 1,500 titles in print, Phaidon books are sold in over 100 countries and are printed in English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Mandarin, and dozens of other languages. Since the publisher's founding in Vienna in 1923, Phaidon has sold almost 50 million books worldwide.
Titanium Man
The Titanium Man is the name of two supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The original Titanium Man, Boris Bullski, first appeared in Tales of Suspense #69 (September 1965) and was created by Stan Lee and Don Heck.

Tales of Suspense
Tales of Suspense is the name of an American comic book anthology series, and two one-shot comics, all published by Marvel Comics. The first, which ran from 1959 to 1968, began as a science-fiction anthology that served as a showcase for such artists as Jack Kirby, Steve Ditko, and Don Heck, then featured superheroes Captain America and Iron Man during the Silver Age of Comic Books before changing its title to Captain America with issue #100 (cover-dated April 1968). Its sister title was Tales to Astonish. Following the launch of Marvel Legacy in 2017, Tales of Suspense was once again resurrected at issue #100, featuring the Winter Soldier and Hawkeye in a story called "The Red Ledger".
Pincer on Axis Europe
Pincer on Axis Europe  is a 20-minute 1943 Canadian documentary film, made by the National Film Board of Canada as part of the wartime Canada Carries On series. The film describes the Allied invasion of North Africa in 1942 during the Second World War.

Intertitle
In films and videos, an intertitle, also known as a title card, is a piece of filmed, printed text edited into the midst of (hence, inter-) the photographed action at various points. Intertitles used to convey character dialogue are referred to as "dialogue intertitles", and those used to provide related descriptive/narrative material are referred to as "expository intertitles". In modern usage, the terms refer to similar text and logo material inserted at or near the start or end of films and television shows.
Lake Belaunde
Lake Belaunde (Quechua: Sulla Qucha), is a natural reservoir of fresh water located in the district of Chacas, Ancash, in the area of the Cordillera Blanca at 4500 meters. It originated from the deglaciation of glacier Yanarahu in 1968. It was renamed in honor of former President Fernando Belaunde Terry, who supported the construction of the AN-107 Route, which runs along its banks south and east.

Lake Belaunde is the smallest of the group of three lagoons that are located in the basin of river Putaqa. It's one of the most accessible areas of the province.

Contrahierbas
Contrahierbas, also called Yanarraju (possibly from Quechua yana black, rahu snow, ice, mountain with snow) or Ruricocha (possibly from Quechua ruri inside, Ancash Quechua ruri interior; inside; deep; valley or little river; qucha lake), is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru, about 5,954 metres (19,534 ft) high. It is situated in the Ancash Region in the provinces Asunción, Carhuaz and Yungay. Contrahierbas is located inside Huascarán National Park, northeast of Hualcán.
Enterprize (1783 ship)
Enterprize was launched in France. She was taken in prize circa 1783. Between 1784 and 1787 she made two complete voyages as a slave ship. She was wrecked in 1787 while returning to Liverpool from her third slave trading voyage.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.