hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthropod mouthparts
The mouthparts of arthropods have evolved into a number of forms, each adapted to a different style or mode of feeding.  Most mouthparts are modified pairs of appendages, which in ancestral forms would have appeared more like legs than mouthparts, being less-specialized or "primitive". In general, arthropods have mouthparts for cutting, chewing, piercing, sucking, shredding, siphoning, and filtering. This article outlines the basic elements of four arthropod-groups: Insects, myriapods, crustaceans, and chelicerates. Insects are used as the model, with the novel mouthparts of the other groups introduced in turn. Insects are however not the ancestral form of the other arthropods discussed here; they are not the basalmost arthropods. In different types of arthropods, jointed appendages around the mouth are modified in different ways and form mouth parts.

Suction
Suction is the day-to-day term for the movement of gases or liquids along a pressure gradient with the implication that the movement occurs because the lower pressure pulls the gas or liquid. However, the forces acting in this case do not originate from just the lower pressure side, but instead from the side of the higher pressure, as a reaction to the pressure difference.

When the pressure in one part of a physical system is reduced relative to another, the fluid or gas in the higher pressure region will exert a force relative to the region of lowered pressure, referred to as pressure-gradient force. If all gas or fluid is removed the result is a perfect vacuum in which the pressure is zero. Hence, no negative pressure forces can be generated. Accordingly, from a physics point of view, the objects are not  pulled but pushed.
Cindy Billaud
Cindy Billaud (born 11 March 1986 in Nogent-sur-Marne) is a French athlete specialising in the 100 metres hurdles. Her biggest success to date is the seventh place at the 2013 World Championships in Moscow.

Billaud competed for France at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

She has personal bests of 12.56 seconds in the 100 metres hurdles (2014) and 7.87 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (2014).

100 metres hurdles
The 100 metres hurdles, or 100-meter hurdles, is a track and field event run mainly by women (the male counterpart is the 110 metres hurdles). For the race, ten hurdles of a height of 83.8 centimetres (33 in) are placed along a straight course of 100 metres (109.36 yd). The first hurdle is placed after a run-up of 13 metres from the starting line. The next 9 hurdles are set at a distance of 8.5 metres from each other, and the home stretch from the last hurdle to the finish line is 10.5 metres long. The hurdles are set up so that they will fall over if bumped into by the runner, but weighted so this is disadvantageous. Fallen hurdles do not count against runners provided that they do not run into them on purpose. Like the 100 metres sprint, the 100 m hurdles begins with athletes in starting blocks.

The fastest 100 m hurdlers run the distance in well under 13 seconds. The world record set by Tobi Amusan stands at 12.12 seconds.
Drazanda
Drazanda (also spelled Darazinda or Drazinda) is a main village or small town in Dera Ismail Khan District of Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It is the capital of Darazinda Tehsil and has a population of 8,842, according to the 2017 Census of Pakistan.

The Takht-e-Sulaiman (Solomon's throne), the highest peak of the Sulaiman Mountains is located near Drazanda. At 3,487 metres (11,440 ft), it is the highest peak in Dera Ismail Khan District and the greater Shirani region. 14th-century Maghrebi explorer Ibn Battuta named Takht-e-Sulaiman as Kōh-e Sulaymān, "Mount of Solomon".

Maghrebis
Maghrebis or Maghrebians (Arabic: المغاربيون, romanized: al-Maghāribiyyun) are the inhabitants of the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is a modern Arabic term meaning "Westerners", denoting their location in the western part of the Arab world. Maghrebis are predominantly of Arab and Berber origins.
2014 Reinert Open – Doubles
Sofia Shapatava and Anna Tatishvili were the defending champions, but Tatishvili chose to compete at the Lorraine Open. Shapatava teamed up with Anastasiya Vasylyeva as the third seeds, but lost to Gabriela Dabrowski and Mariana Duque in the semifinals.

Dabrowski and Duque went on to win the tournament, defeating Verónica Cepede Royg and Stephanie Vogt in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

Mariana Duque Mariño
Mariana Duque Mariño (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈɾjana ˈðuke maˈriɲo]; born 12 August 1989) is a Colombian former tennis player. Having turned professional in 2005, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 66 in October 2015.

Duque debuted on the ITF Junior Circuit in 2004. As a junior, she reached the final of the girls' singles tournament at the 2007 French Open. She defeated the tenth-seeded Ksenia Pervak in the first round, and ousted juniors' world No. 1, Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, in the semifinals. Duque lost in the final to Alizé Cornet in three sets. She had some setbacks during the tournament, due to losing her tennis rackets at the airport. Without money to buy replacements, she had to play with borrowed rackets.

She won her first professional tournament in May 2006, in Mazatlán, Mexico. Her biggest win in senior competition is defeating 26th seed Anna Chakvetadze in the opening round of the 2009 French Open, in three sets.
Edward Lawn
Edward Charles Lawn (July 18, 1879 – May 15, 1961) was a Canadian merchant and politician in Quebec. He represented Pontiac in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1935 to 1948 as a Liberal.

The son of John Lawn, farmer, and Jane Kenshaly, he was born in L'Île-du-Grand-Calumet and was educated in Bryson, in L'Île-du-Grand-Calumet and at business college in Ottawa. Lawn was a general merchant and lumber merchant in Campbell's Bay. He was a school trustee for 35 years and served as mayor of Campbell's Bay from 1920 to 1946. He served as prefect for Pontiac County from 1926 to 1928.

He was elected in 1935 and reelected in 1936, 1939 and 1944. He served as party whip from 1940 to 1945. Lawn was defeated by Raymond Thomas Johnston when he ran for reelection in 1948.

Lawn married Maggie Shannon in 1906.

He died in Campbell's Bay at the age of 81.

Campbell's Bay, Quebec
Campbell's Bay is a municipality in Pontiac Regional County Municipality in western Quebec, Canada. Its population in 2021 was 705.

It is the county seat and is home to most government offices for the county, including the Sûreté du Québec, and has French and English elementary schools. Campbell's Bay is in the heart of the Pontiac, as it is situated between Shawville and Fort-Coulonge. It also lies completely enclosed by the municipality of Litchfield on all sides, except for the Ottawa River to the west.

Campbell's Bay is the seat of the judicial district of Pontiac.
Palatine L 2
The Palatine Class L 2 were a group of steam locomotives used on the Palatinate Railway in early 20th century Bavaria. They were built for the line between Speyer and Neustadt an der Weinstrasse (Neustadt-Speyer railway). Because the engines were to be used double-headed, they had doors on the front and rear of the driver's cabs and an opening in the running plate. This enabled access to the locomotive from the train whilst running.

They had the numbers XIII to XVII. After the foundation of the Reichsbahn all the engines were taken over and were given the numbers 99 001 to 99 005. The first engine was retired as early as 1931, the last one in 1936.  They carried 1.4 m3 of water and 0.6 t of coal.

Deutsche Reichsbahn
The Deutsche Reichsbahn (German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈʁaɪçsˌbaːn]), also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire. The Deutsche Reichsbahn has been described as "the largest enterprise in the capitalist world in the years between 1920 and 1932"; nevertheless, its importance "arises primarily from the fact that the Reichsbahn was at the center of events in a period of great turmoil in German history".
Dragoș Nicolae Mădăraș
Dragoș Nicolae Mădăraș (born 12 September 1997) is a Romanian-born Swedish professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 191 achieved on 17 July 2023 and a best doubles ranking of No. 420 reached on 14 August 2023. He plays mostly on ITF Men's Tour.

Mădăraș was temporarily banned from the sport for breaking anti-corruption rules. He returned to professional circuit in 2025.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Rotherhithe (UK Parliament constituency)
Rotherhithe was a parliamentary constituency centred on the Rotherhithe district of South London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election, and abolished for the 1950 general election when it became part of the revived Bermondsey constituency after the London Blitz had destroyed much of the housing and substantially reduced the resident population and electorate.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Unscandal
UNSCANDAL is a rock band based in Tokyo, Japan. The band currently consists of 4 members. UNSCANDAL currently mainly performs live in the Kantō region of Japan. The band is most well known for performing the theme music for the anime School Rumble. UNSCANDAL performed as part of a promotional concert in December 2004 in School Rumble Presents Come! Come! Welcome? Party for School Rumble alongside Yui Horie. The concert was released on DVD in 2005.

Kantō region
The Kantō region (関東地方, Kantō Chihō; IPA: [kaꜜn.toː, kan.toː tɕiꜜ.hoː, kan.toː tɕi̥.hoꜜː]) is a geographical region of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. In a common definition, the region includes the Greater Tokyo Area and encompasses seven prefectures: Chiba, Gunma, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Saitama, Tochigi, and Tokyo. Slightly more than 45 percent of the land area within its boundaries is the Kantō Plain. The rest consists of the hills and mountains that form land borders with other regions of Japan.

As the Kantō region contains Tokyo, the capital and largest city of Japan, the region is considered the center of Japan's politics and economy. According to the official census on October 1, 2010, by the Statistics Bureau of Japan, the population was 42,607,376, amounting to approximately one third of the total population of Japan.
KB Mashinostroyeniya
KB Mashinostroyeniya or KBM for short (Russian: КБ Машиностроения, КБМ, lit. 'Machine-Building Design Bureau') is a state defence enterprise, scientific and design R&D centre specialised in missile systems located in Kolomna, Moscow region, Russia and part of Rostec state corporation.

KBM was founded on 11 April 1942 by order 1576 of the State Defence Committee for the mortar designs. Its first chief was Boris Shavyrin. The company was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Order of Labour Red Banner.

Former names include SKB-101, SKB-GA (Russian: Специальное конструкторское бюро гладкоствольной артиллерии, СКБ ГА, lit. 'Special KB (Design Bureau) of smooth-bore artillery'). The company is also sometimes known as Kolomna Mechanical Engineering Design Bureau .

The company is part of the High Precision Systems group.

Its main constructors were Sergey Nepobedimiy and Andranik Ter-Stepaniyan.

V. M. Sokolov is currently the Chief and General Designer.

Rostec
Rostec, formally trading as State Corporation "Rostec", fully the State Corporation for the Promotion of the Development, Manufacture, and Export of High Tech Products "Rostec" and formerly Rostekhnologii, is a Russian state-owned defense conglomerate headquartered in Moscow.

Established in 2007, the organization comprises about 800 enterprises, which together form 15 holding companies: eleven in the defense-industry complex and three in civil sectors. Rostec's organizations are located in 60 constituents of the Russian Federation and supply goods to over 70 countries.

The organization is headed by Sergey Chemezov, appointed to the position by Russian president Vladimir Putin. The 2014 EU sanctions listing for Chemezov describes how Rostec subsidiaries supported Russia's annexation of Crimea.
Ohmstede Limited
Ohmstede Industrial Services is a field service company headquartered in League City, Texas. It was founded in 1905 by German immigrant August Ohmstede. It was originally a machine and auto repair shop. In the 1940s, Ohmstede began specializing in the repair and maintenance of heat exchangers. Specifically, Ohmstede performs much field maintenance on shell and tube heat exchangers commonly found in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants.

Today, Ohmstede has offices throughout the Gulf Coast region, with over 500 employees.  Texas offices are located in Beaumont, Corpus Christi, and La Porte.  Louisiana offices are located in Sulphur and St. Gabriel.

Ohmstede was acquired by Emcor in September, 2007, for approximately $455 million.

Ohmstede is a member of the Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA).

Heat exchanger
A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between a source and a working fluid. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas processing, and sewage treatment. The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the coils, which cools the coolant and heats the incoming air. Another example is the heat sink, which is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant.
Mario Reading
Mario Gilbert Priester-Reading (10 August 1953 – 29 January 2017) was a British author.

Reading was born in Bournemouth in 1953, son of Gordon and Lieselotte Reading. He was brought up in England, Germany, and the South of France, and educated at Rugby School and at the University of East Anglia, where he studied Comparative Literature under Malcolm Bradbury and Angus Wilson.

His novels include The Music-Makers, and the bestselling Antichrist Trilogy (which has sold more than a million copies in 39 countries), comprising The Nostradamus Prophecies, The Mayan Codex, and The Third Antichrist. His newest series of novels features photojournalist John "The Templar" Hart: The Templar Prophecy came out in 2014, The Templar Inheritance in April 2015, and The Templar Succession, appeared in April 2016.

After years of battling cancer, Reading died on 29 January 2017.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
Maar Dibsah
Maar Dibsah (Arabic: معر دبسة, also spelled Maardabsa) is a Syrian village located in Saraqib Nahiyah in Idlib District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maar Dibsah had a population of 7,074 in the 2004 census.

Saraqib Subdistrict
Saraqib Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية سراقب)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Idlib District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Saraqib Subdistrict had a population of 88076 in the 2004 census.
Holroyd v Marshall
Holroyd v Marshall (1862) 10 HLC 191, 11 ER 999 was a judicial decision of the House of Lords.  In that case the House of Lords affirmed that under English law a person could grant a mortgage or other security interest over future property, i.e. property that they did not actually own at the time of granting the charge.  Prior to decision, the generally accepted principle under English law was that pursuant to the nemo dat rule it was impossible for a person to convey a security interest in property which they did not own at the time of granting the charge.

The case is also notable in that no less than three persons who were, or one day would be, Lord Chancellor, gave judgments.  It is also a rare example of one Law Lord interrupting another during their speech to object to a point in their judgment.

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
UKUI
UKUI (Ultimate Kylin User Interface) is a desktop environment for Linux distributions and other UNIX-like operating systems, originally developed for Ubuntu Kylin, and written using the Qt framework. UKUI is a fork of the MATE Desktop Environment.

UKUI is a lightweight desktop environment, which consumes few resources and works with older computers. It has been developed with GTK and Qt technologies. Its visual appearance is similar to Windows 7, making it easier for new users of Linux.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Thomas R. Cullen
Thomas Reid Cullen (January 19, 1904 – December 9, 1984) was a Canadian farmer and political figure on Prince Edward Island. He represented 2nd Kings in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island as a Liberal from 1943 to 1947 and from 1951 to 1955.

He was born in Hope River, Prince Edward Island, the son of Timothy Patrick Cullen and Frances Etta Landrigan, and was educated at Prince of Wales College and Saint Dunstan's College. Cullen taught school for several years. In 1928, he married Pearl Burke. Cullen served as speaker for the assembly from 1944 to 1947. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1947. He served as Clerk for the General Assembly from 1949 to 1959 and again from 1966 to 1978. Cullen died at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Charlottetown at the age of 80.

His brother Eugene also served as speaker for the assembly.

Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island
The Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island (French: Assemblée législative de l'Île-du-Prince-Édouard) together with the lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island form the General Assembly of Prince Edward Island. The Legislative Assembly meets at Province House, which is at the intersection of Richmond and Great George Streets in Charlottetown. Bills passed by the Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.
Krzysztof Pastor
Krzysztof Pastor (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkʐɨʂtɔf ˈpastɔr]; born 17 December 1956 in Gdańsk, Poland) is a Polish dancer, choreographer and ballet director. He was resident choreographer with the Dutch National Ballet in Amsterdam from 2003 to 2017, director of the Polish National Ballet in Teatr Wielki – Polish National Opera in Warsaw since 2009 and at the same time from 2011 until 2020 was the artistic director of the ballet of the Lithuanian National Opera and Ballet Theatre in Vilnius.

Latvian National Opera
The Latvian National Opera and Ballet (LNOB) is an opera house and opera company at Aspazijas boulevard 3 in Riga. Its repertoire includes performances of opera and ballet presented during the season which lasts from mid-September to the end of May. During a typical season, LNOB presents almost 200 performances, including, on average, 6 new productions. The largest is the Great Hall which houses 946 seats, while the smaller ones – the New Hall, the Dress Circle Hall (Beletāžas zāle) and the Red Hall – have a maximum seating capacity of 338, 170 and 100 respectively. LNOB employs a total of approximately 600 people. The building is located on the bank of the Riga Canal, near the Freedom Monument. As of 5 November 2019, the chairman of the board is Egils Siliņš, an opera singer. The chief conductor since 2013 is Mārtiņš Ozoliņš who is also an associate professor at the Jāzeps Vītols Latvian Academy of Music. The artistic director since 1993 is Aivars Leimanis.
Richard Cubison
Richard Cubison is a British actor who has been active on television and in films since 1980.

His first television role came in 1980 when he played a "heavy" in an episode of Minder. He has also appeared in TV serials including The Cleopatras, Just Good Friends, Inspector Morse, Little Dorrit, Wycliffe, Pie in the Sky, Casualty and The Bill. He also appeared in as Antonin Dolohov in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix in 2007.

He has also worked in the theatre, including a production of The Government Inspector in 1984.

The Cleopatras
The Cleopatras is a 1983 BBC Television eight-part historical drama serial. Written by Philip Mackie, it is set in Ancient Egypt during the latter part of the Ptolemaic Dynasty with an emphasis on the Cleopatras. Intended to be the I, Claudius of the 1980s, The Cleopatras met with a decidedly mixed critical reaction, and was regarded and portrayed as a gaudy farce. It also produced a number of complaints due to scenes of nudity.

The title and incidental music was written and composed by Nick Bicât.  In January 1983 a 7"  vinyl was released to tie in with the original broadcast.

Although the show has never been rebroadcast or released on DVD, clips were featured in a 2015 BBC documentary about how Cleopatra VII has been depicted and presented in film and on television.