hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cirac–Zoller controlled-NOT gate
The Cirac–Zoller controlled-NOT gate is an implementation of the controlled-NOT (CNOT) quantum logic gate using cold trapped ions that was proposed by Ignacio Cirac and Peter Zoller in 1995 and represents the central ingredient of the Cirac–Zoller proposal for a trapped-ion quantum computer. The key idea of the Cirac–Zoller proposal is to mediate the interaction between the two qubits through the joint motion of the complete chain of trapped ions.

The quantum CNOT gate acts on two qubits and can entangle them. It forms part of the standard universal set of gates, meaning that any gate (unitary transformation) on the -qubit Hilbert space can be approximated to arbitrary precision by a sequence of gates from the universal set.

The Cirac–Zoller gate was experimentally first realized in 2003 (in slightly modified form) at the University of Innsbruck, Austria by Ferdinand Schmidt-Kaler and coworkers in the group of Rainer Blatt using two calcium ions.

Unitary transformation (quantum mechanics)
In quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger equation describes how a system changes with time. It does this by relating changes in the state of the system to the energy in the system (given by an operator called the Hamiltonian). Therefore, once the Hamiltonian is known, the time dynamics are in principle known. All that remains is to plug the Hamiltonian into the Schrödinger equation and solve for the system state as a function of time.

Often, however, the Schrödinger equation is difficult to solve (even with a computer). Therefore, physicists have developed mathematical techniques to simplify these problems and clarify what is happening physically. One such technique is to apply a unitary transformation to the Hamiltonian. Doing so can result in a simplified version of the Schrödinger equation which nonetheless has the same solution as the original.
Juha Tiainen
Juha Tiainen (December 5, 1955 in Uukuniemi – April 27, 2003 in Lappeenranta) was a hammer thrower from Finland who won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics. The same year he achieved his personal best throw, 81.52 metres.

Uukuniemi
Uukuniemi is a former municipality of Finland.

It was located in the province of Southern Finland and was part of the South Karelia region. The municipality had a population of 502 (2004) and it covered an area of 156.58 km² of which 54.88 km² was water. The population density was 5.52 inhabitants per km². The village of Niukkala was the former administrative center of Uukuniemi. Uukuniemi was once the northernmost and the easternmost municipality of the Kymi province.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish. It was annexed with municipalities of Saari and Parikkala on January 1, 2005. The new municipality was named Parikkala.
Culture of Spain
The culture of Spain is influenced by its Western origin, its interaction with other cultures in Europe, its historically Catholic religious tradition, and the varied national and regional identities within the country. It encompasses literature, music, visual arts, cuisine as well as contemporary customs, beliefs, institutions, and social norms. Beyond Spain, Spanish culture is a major component of most Latin American cultures and an important influence on Filipino culture.

Spanish literature
Spanish literature is literature (Spanish poetry, prose, and drama) written in the Spanish language within the territory that presently constitutes the Kingdom of Spain. Its development coincides and frequently intersects with that of other literary traditions from regions within the same territory, particularly Catalan literature, Galician intersects as well with Latin, Jewish, and Arabic literary traditions of the Iberian Peninsula. The literature of Spanish America is an important branch of Spanish literature, with its own particular characteristics dating back to the earliest years of Spain’s conquest of the Americas (see Latin American literature).
Pacheco Reservoir
Pacheco Reservoir is a man-made reservoir in the Diablo Range in California, U.S.A. The lake is formed by a dam on the north fork of Pacheco Creek, whose waters reach Monterey Bay by way of the Pajaro River. The Pacheco Pass Water District is currently responsible for operation and maintenance of the Pacheco Reservoir. Located north of State Route 152 in eastern Santa Clara County, the lake is about an hour's drive from downtown San Jose.

Monterey Bay
Monterey Bay is a bay of the Pacific Ocean located on the coast of the U.S. state of California, south of the San Francisco Bay Area. San Francisco itself is farther north along the coast, by about 75 miles (120 km), accessible via CA 1 and US 101.

Santa Cruz is located at the north end of the bay, and Monterey is on the Monterey Peninsula at the south end. The "Monterey Bay Area" is a regional term used to describe the Monterey Bay-adjacent Central Coast communities of Santa Cruz, Monterey, and San Benito counties. The three counties, along with Monterey Bay-adjacent cities, collaborate in the Association of Monterey Bay Governments (AMBAG) on regional issues and come together for events like the State of the Region hosted by the Monterey Bay Economic Partnership.
Boogie Woogie (film)
Boogie Woogie is a 2009 British black comedy film directed by Duncan Ward and produced by Eric Eisner and Leonid Rozhetskin. It is based on the 2000 novel of the same name by Danny Moynihan, who adapted his own book on the New York art world of the 1990s and titled it based on the unfinished 1944 Piet Mondrian painting Victory Boogie-Woogie.

The film stars Gillian Anderson, Alan Cumming, Heather Graham, Danny Huston, Christopher Lee, Joanna Lumley, Charlotte Rampling, Amanda Seyfried, Stellan Skarsgård and Jaime Winstone. It premiered on 26 June 2009 at the Edinburgh International Film Festival.

Edinburgh International Film Festival
The Edinburgh International Film Festival (EIFF), established in 1947, is the world's oldest continually running film festival.

EIFF presents both UK and international films (all titles are World, international, European or UK Premieres), in all genres and lengths. It also presents themed retrospectives and other specialized programming strands.
Martin Akers
Martin Akers is a former association football player who represented New Zealand at international level.

Akers made a solitary official international appearance for New Zealand in a 0–5 loss to Indonesia on 21 September 1997.

New Zealand men's national football team
The New Zealand men's national football team (Māori: Tīma hoka a-motu o Aotearoa) represents New Zealand in men's international football competitions. The team is governed by the governing body for football in New Zealand, New Zealand Football (NZF), which is currently a member of FIFA and the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC). The team's official nickname is the All Whites (Māori: Ōmā [ɔːmaː]).

The team represented New Zealand at the FIFA World Cup tournaments in 1982 and 2010, and are set to appear in the 2026 FIFA World Cup. It also participated in the FIFA Confederations Cup in 1999, 2003, 2009, and 2017. New Zealand is a six-time OFC Nations Cup champion. New Zealand was the only unbeaten country in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, drawing all three group stage games; nevertheless, they were eliminated in the group stage.
Ellen Feld
Ellen Feld is an American author, most notably of children's books about horses, in particular, Morgan horses. Morgan horses are an American horse breed which traces its roots to Figure, also known as Justin Morgan, the first Morgan horse, born in West Springfield, Massachusetts, in 1789.

Feld's work has appeared regularly in such publications as The Morgan Horse Magazine, Stable Management, Just About Horses, Tri-State Horse, Equestrian and The Appaloosa Journal. Feld lives in Massachusetts with her husband, two children (Nick and Holly), seven horses, and assorted pets.

Renaissance Learning
Renaissance Learning, Inc. (also known simply as Renaissance) is a software as a service and learning analytics company that makes Pre-K–12 educational software and adaptive assessments. Renaissance employs about 1,000 employees in nine U.S. cities and subsidiaries in Canada, the United Kingdom, Korea, and Australia. The company is known for creating Accelerated Reader and Star computer-adaptive assessments.
I Can See Your Voice Malaysia (Malay language) season 4
The fourth season of the Malaysian Malay-language television mystery music game show I Can See Your Voice Malaysia premiered on TV3 with an Eid al-Fitr special on 16 May 2021.

At the time of filming during the COVID-19 pandemic, health and safety protocols are also implemented.

Malaysian Malay
Malaysian Malay (Malay: Bahasa Melayu Malaysia) or Malaysian (Bahasa Malaysia) – endonymically known as Standard Malay (Bahasa Melayu piawai) or simply Malay (Bahasa Melayu, abbreviated to BM) – is a standardized form of the Malay language used in Malaysia and also used in Singapore and Brunei (as opposed to the variety used in Indonesia, which is referred to as the "Indonesian" language). Malaysian Malay is standardized from the Johor–Riau dialect of Malay, particularly a branch spoken in the state of Johor south of the Malay Peninsula. It is spoken by much of the Malaysian population, although most learn a vernacular Malay dialect or another native language first.
33rd Venice International Film Festival
The 33rd annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 21 August to 3 September 1972.

There were no official prizes because the festival was not competitive from 1969 to 1979. However, the critics' jury voted the Swedish film Foreigners, directed by Johan Bergenstrahle, the most worthy in the program. Charlie Chaplin, Anatoli Golovnya and Billy Wilder were awarded the Career Golden Lion.

Foreigners (film)
Foreigners (Swedish: Jag heter Stelios) is a 1972 Swedish drama film directed by Johan Bergenstråhle, who also wrote the screenplay together with Theodor Kallifatides. The film won Bergenstråhle the award for Best Director at the 9th Guldbagge Awards. The working title of the film was Kocksgatan 48.
Rake Hanger
Rake Hanger is a 28.2-hectare (70-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-west of Midhurst in West Sussex.

Sessile oak is dominant on the steep slope of this site, while alder is the most common tree at the waterlogged foot of the scarp. There are lichens associated with ancient woodland, such as Thelotrema lepadinum and Haematomma elatinum. Great tussock sedge, bur-reed and great reedmace grow on the banks of two ponds.

A public footpath goes through the site.

Quercus petraea
Quercus petraea, commonly known as the sessile oak, Welsh oak, Cornish oak, Irish oak or durmast oak, is a species of deciduous oak tree native to most of Europe and into Anatolia and Iran. The sessile oak is the national tree of Ireland, and an unofficial emblem in Wales and Cornwall.
Brockwell Meadows
Brockwell Meadows is a 4.3 hectare Local Nature Reserve in Kelvedon in Essex. It is owned by Kelevdon Parish Council and managed by the Council together with a group of local residents called the Brockwell Group.

This site has water meadow, woodland, a pond and hedgerows. The River Blackwater runs along the eastern boundary.

There is access from Riverside Way.

Local nature reserve
Local nature reserve (LNR) is a statutory designation for certain nature reserves in Great Britain. The Wild Life Conservation Special Committee established them and proposed a national suite of protected areas comprising national nature reserves, conservation areas (which incorporated suggestions for Sites of Special Scientific Interest), national parks, geological monuments, local nature reserves and local educational nature reserves.

There are now over 1,280 LNRs in England, covering almost 40,000 hectares, which range from windswept coastal headlands and ancient woodlands to former inner city railways and long abandoned landfill sites.
2017 Western & Southern Open – Men's singles
Grigor Dimitrov defeated Nick Kyrgios in the final, 6–3, 7–5 to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2017 Cincinnati Masters. It was his first Masters 1000 title, and he did not lose a set en route.

Marin Čilić was the reigning champion, but did not participate.

Given the withdrawals of Novak Djokovic, Andy Murray, and Roger Federer (all due to injury), Rafael Nadal was the only member of the Big Four to play. His loss in the quarterfinals to Kyrgios ended a streak of 42 consecutive Masters 1000 events where at least one of the four reached the final (also winning a combined 37 titles). Nonetheless, Nadal regained the world No. 1 singles ranking for the first time since July 2014. Nadal became the world No. 1 with only 7,645 ranking points, the fewest points for an ATP No. 1 since the establishment of a new ranking points distribution in 2009.

Marin Čilić
Marin Čilić (Croatian pronunciation: [mâriːn tʃǐːlitɕ]; born 28 September 1988) is a Croatian professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 3 in men's singles by the ATP, achieved in January 2018. Čilić has won 21 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including the 2014 US Open. He was also finalist at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships and the 2018 Australian Open.

Playing for his country, Čilić was pivotal in the Croatian team's victory at the 2018 Davis Cup, and won an Olympic silver medal in men's doubles at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics partnering Ivan Dodig. Alongside Goran Ivanišević and Iva Majoli, he is widely considered to be one of the greatest Croatian tennis players in history.

Čilić has reached the semifinal stage or better at all four Majors, one of only four active players to do so, and the quarterfinal stage or better at all nine Masters tournaments. He is one of only six active players with 20 or more titles.
Miodrag Todorčević
Miodrag Todorčević (Миодраг Тодорчевић; born 10 November 1940, in Belgrade) a Serbian-French chess grandmaster and coach.

In his chess career, he represented Yugoslavia/Serbia (till 1968 and 1977–2003), France (1968–1977), and Spain (since 2003).

He won five times in Paris City Chess Championship (1966, 1967, 1973, 1974, 1976) and won French Chess Championship at Dijon 1975.

Todorcevic played twice for France in Chess Olympiads in 1972 and 1974. In 1987, Todorcevic participated in an Interzonal Tournament in Szirak, Hungary, and scored 50%.

He was awarded the Grandmaster title in 1989. His current Elo rating is 2450.

Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is a biennial chess tournament in which teams representing nations of the world compete. FIDE organises the tournament and selects the host nation. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, FIDE held an Online Chess Olympiad in 2020 and 2021, with a rapid time control that affected players' online ratings.
Diezephe
Diezephe is a village located in the Chümoukedima District of the Indian state of Nagaland and is a suburb of Chümoukedima, the district headquarters. It is the site of the Diezephe Craft Museum displaying woodcarving and weaving.

Chümoukedima
Chümoukedima (/ˈtʃmʊkɛdimə/), previously spelled Chumukedima, formerly known as Samaguting, is a municipality in the Chümoukedima District of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is situated on the left bank of the Chathe and with its surrounding area that includes several other towns and villages, the Chümoukedima Metropolitan Area is the largest urban agglomeration in Nagaland in terms of area and third largest in terms of population, after Dimapur and Kohima.

Chümoukedima is the only municipality of the district of the same name. Chümoukedima was designated as the first headquarters of then Naga Hills District of Assam Province, British India, from 1866 until the administrative office  moved to Wokha in 1875 and then to Kohima in 1879.
A dos Cunhados
A dos Cunhados (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐ ðuʃ kuˈɲaðuʃ]) is a former civil parish in the municipality of Torres Vedras in the central Oeste subregion of Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish A dos Cunhados e Maceira. Covering an area of approximately 43.98 square kilometres (16.98 sq mi), its population in 2001 was 6936 resident inhabitants.

Torres Vedras
Torres Vedras (European Portuguese: [ˈtoʁɨʒ ˈvɛðɾɐʃ] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Portuguese district of Lisbon, approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north of the capital Lisbon. It is a strong agricultural region linked to its vineyards, and has an intense commercial and industrial life. It is part of the intermunicipal community Oeste and the region Oeste e Vale do Tejo. The population as of 2011 was 83,075, in an area of 407.15 square kilometres (157.20 sq mi).
Götzis railway station
Götzis railway station (German: Bahnhof Götzis) is a railway station in Götzis in the Feldkirch district of the Austrian federal state of Vorarlberg. It was opened on 1 July 1872, together with the rest of the Vorarlberg railway. The station is owned and operated by the Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB).

States of Austria
Austria is a federal republic consisting of nine states. The European Commission calls them provinces. Austrian states can pass laws that stay within the limits of the constitution, and each state has representatives in the Austrian federal parliament.
Scott Sanders (baseball)
Scott Gerald Sanders (born March 25, 1969) is an American former professional baseball right-handed pitcher. Sanders played college baseball at Nicholls State University. In his professional career from 1993–1999, Sanders played for the San Diego Padres (1993–1996, 1998), Seattle Mariners (1997), Detroit Tigers (1997–1998), and Chicago Cubs (1999), as well as the Nippon-Ham Fighters of Nippon Professional Baseball in 2001.

Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters
The Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters (北海道日本ハムファイターズ, Hokkaidō Nippon-Hamu Faitāzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team based in Kitahiroshima, Hokkaidō, in the Sapporo metropolitan area. They compete in the Pacific League of Nippon Professional Baseball, playing the majority of their home games at ES CON Field Hokkaido. The Fighters also host a select number of regional home games in cities across Hokkaidō, including Hakodate, Asahikawa, Kushiro, and Obihiro. The team's name comes from its parent organization, Nippon Ham, a major Japanese food-processing company.

Founded in 1946, the Fighters called Tokyo home for 58 years, as co-tenants of the Tokyo Dome and Korakuen Stadium with the Central League's Yomiuri Giants near the end of their tenure in the capital city. The franchise has won three Japan Series titles, in 1962, 2006, and, most recently, 2016.
Shaping Psychology
Shaping Psychology: Perspectives on Legacy, Controversy and the Future of the Field is a 2020 book written by Polish psychologist Tomasz Witkowski. It is a collection of conversations with influential psychologists from the early 21st century, featuring interviews with notable figures who have significantly impacted the field and covering a broad spectrum of specializations from research, mental health, critical psychology, and neuroscience, as well as the open science movement. Interviewees include Elizabeth Loftus, Jerome Kagan, Michael I. Posner, Scott Lilienfeld, Robert Sternberg, Robert Plomin, Susan Blackmore, Joseph E. LeDoux, Noam Chomsky, Roy Baumeister, Erica Burman, Brian Nosek, Vikram Patel, Daniel Kahneman, and Carol Tavris. These experts discuss the controversies, crises, and future prospects of psychology, sharing their views on the challenges in the field, their careers, and their formative experiences.

Brian Nosek
Brian Arthur Nosek is an American social-cognitive psychologist, professor of psychology at the University of Virginia, and the co-founder and director of the Center for Open Science. He also co-founded the Society for the Improvement of Psychological Science and Project Implicit. He has been on the faculty of the University of Virginia since 2002.
John Paluck
John Joseph Paluck (May 23, 1935 – April 22, 2003) was an American professional football player who was a defensive lineman for the Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL). He went to one Pro Bowl during his nine-year career. Paluck played college football for the Pittsburgh Panthers and was selected in the second round of the 1956 NFL draft.

A second-round draft pick, Paluck was lost to the military for the 1957 and 1958 seasons. He rejoined the Redskins for the 1959 season to become one of the NFL's top defensive performers. His rugged style of play earned him the nickname of "Gentle John." He scored the only touchdown of his career as a rookie, returning a fumble 76 yards against the New York Giants at Yankee Stadium.

1956 NFL draft
The 1956 NFL draft had its first three rounds held on November 28, 1955, at the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and its final twenty-seven rounds on January 17–18, 1956, at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California

The previous NFL drafts in the 1950s were held in January; the first three rounds (37 selections) were moved up this year to late November to better compete with teams from Canada.

This was the tenth year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery. With the previous nine winners ineligible from the draw, only the Chicago Cardinals, Green Bay Packers, and Pittsburgh Steelers had an equal chance of winning. The draft lottery was won by Pittsburgh, who selected defensive back Gary Glick.
Thomas Chapman (Australian politician)
Thomas Daniel Chapman (31 October 1815 – 17 February 1884) was the Premier of Tasmania from 2 August 1861 until 20 January 1863. He served as a member of the Tasmanian Parliament for 26 years from August 1856 until his death in 1884.

Electoral division of Buckingham
The electoral division of Buckingham was an electoral division in the Tasmanian Legislative Council of Australia. It was abolished in 1999 after the Legislative Council was reduced from 19 members to 15. The then sitting member, David Crean, was allocated as the member for Elwick.
Theodore & Co
Theodore & Co is an English musical comedy in two acts with a book by H. M. Harwood and George Grossmith Jr. based on the French comedy Théodore et Cie by Paul Armont and Nicolas Nancey, with music by Ivor Novello and Jerome Kern and lyrics by Adrian Ross and Clifford Grey.  It was produced by Grossmith and Edward Laurillard and directed by Austen Hurgon, opening at the Gaiety Theatre on 19 September 1916 and running for 503 performances.  It starred Grossmith, Fred Leslie and Leslie Henson.

Theodore & Co opened during World War I in the same year as two other tremendously successful shows in London: Chu Chin Chow and The Bing Boys are Here, and the successful The Happy Day.  Audiences wanted light and uplifting entertainment during the war, and these shows delivered it.

This show established Ivor Novello as a theatrical composer and was Kern's first show in London. Novello's songs from the show include "What A Duke Should Be" and "Oh, How I Want To Marry".

Paul Armont
Paul Armont (1874–1943) was a Russian-born French playwright and screenwriter. He also collaborated with the Swiss writer Marcel Gerbidon. He was born Dimitri Petrococchino in Rostov in the Russian Empire.