hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fort No. 5
Fort No. 5 is a historic American Civil War fort in Phenix City, Alabama.  It was built in 1863 as one of eight forts for the defense of Columbus, Georgia, which was a major producer of war materiel for the Confederacy.  The pentagonal fort is 30 yards (27 m) per side, with earthen walls.  During the Battle of Columbus on April 16, 1865, the Confederate army was badly undermanned, and Fort No. 5 was left unoccupied as the Union Army captured Columbus.

The fort was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Battle of Columbus (1865)
32°28′01″N 84°59′49″W﻿ / ﻿32.467°N 84.997°W﻿ / 32.467; -84.997

The Battle of Columbus, Georgia (April 16, 1865), was the last conflict in the Union campaign through Alabama and Georgia, known as Wilson's Raid, in the final full month of the American Civil War.

Maj. Gen. James H. Wilson had been ordered to destroy the city of Columbus as a major Confederate manufacturing center. He exploited enemy confusion when troops from both sides crowded on to the same bridge in the dark, and the garrison withheld its cannon fire. Next morning, Wilson laid waste to the city and took many prisoners.

Several authorities claim Columbus should be classified as the last battle of the Civil War, while others point to a battle which occurred after the Confederacy was vanquished, the Battle of Palmito Ranch. The Battle of Columbus is also known as the Battle of Girard, Alabama (now Phenix City).
The Real Housewives of New Jersey season 10
The tenth season of The Real Housewives of New Jersey, an American reality television series, aired on Bravo. The season was primarily taped in New Jersey from March 2019 to June 2019, while the reunion was shot in January 2020. It was announced by Bravo on September 25, 2019 and premiered on November 6, with the finale airing on February 26, 2020, ahead of a three-part reunion special in March 2020.

The season focuses on the lives of returning cast members Teresa Giudice, Melissa Gorga, Dolores Catania, Margaret Josephs, Jennifer Aydin, and Jackie Goldschneider. Original cast member Danielle Staub once again appears as a friend of the housewives for the third and final time.

Teresa Giudice
Teresa Giudice (/ˈdʒuːdɪtʃeɪ/ JOO-ditch-ay, Italian: [teˈrɛːza ˈdʒuːditʃe]; née Gorga; born May 18, 1972) is an American television personality best known for being on The Real Housewives of New Jersey. Besides appearing on the show, Giudice wrote multiple New York Times bestseller cookbooks and was featured on Donald Trump's The Celebrity Apprentice 5 (2012).

In December 2015, she was released from prison after serving 11 months of a 15-month sentence for fraud, while her husband and four daughters resided in the Towaco section of Montville, New Jersey. She is known for her extravagant lifestyle and highly publicized financial and legal troubles leading up to her felony conviction and prison sentence. Her ex-husband, born Giuseppe but called Joe, began his 41-month sentence in March 2016.
Crescent Island
Crescent Island (54°1′S 37°19′W﻿ / ﻿54.017°S 37.317°W﻿ / -54.017; -37.317) is a small, roughly crescent-shaped island lying close south of Mollyhawk Island in the Bay of Isles, South Georgia. It was roughly charted in 1912–13 by Robert Cushman Murphy. It was surveyed and named in 1929–30 by Discovery Investigations personnel.

Robert Cushman Murphy
Robert Cushman Murphy (April 29, 1887 – March 20, 1973) was an American ornithologist and Lamont Curator of birds at the American Museum of Natural History. He went on numerous oceanic expeditions and was an expert on marine birds, and wrote several major books on them. He described a species of petrel which is now known as Murphy's petrel. Mount Murphy in Antarctica and Murphy Wall in South Georgia are named after him.
Urjala
Urjala (Finnish: [ˈurjɑlɑ]; Swedish: Urjala, also Urdiala) is a municipality of Finland. It is part of the Pirkanmaa region, near the town of Forssa. The municipality has a population of 4,492 (31 December 2024) and covers an area of 505.37 square kilometres (195.12 sq mi) of which 30.16 km2 (11.64 sq mi) is water. The population density is 9.45 inhabitants per square kilometre (24.5/sq mi).

Neighbouring municipalities are Akaa, Forssa, Humppila, Hämeenlinna, Punkalaidun, Sastamala, Tammela, and Vesilahti. The city of Tampere is located 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Urjala.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

The oldest glassblowing factory in Finland is located in the village of Nuutajärvi, Urjala.

Glassblowing
Glassblowing is a glassforming technique that involves inflating molten glass into a bubble (or parison) with the aid of a blowpipe (or blow tube). A person who blows glass is called a glassblower, while the head of a glassblowing workshop is known as a gaffer. A lampworker (often also called a glassblower or glassworker) manipulates glass with the use of a torch on a smaller scale, such as in producing precision laboratory glassware out of borosilicate glass.
Neil L. Andersen
Neil Linden Andersen (born August 9, 1951) is an American religious leader and former business executive who serves as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He was sustained by church membership as an apostle on April 4, 2009, during the church's General Conference. At the time of his call to the Twelve, Andersen had been serving as an LDS general authority since 1993, including service in the Presidency of the Seventy from 2005 to 2009. Currently, he is the seventh most senior apostle in the church.

Common consent
Common consent is a democratic principle established by Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, who taught in 1830 that "all things must be done in order, and by common consent in the church, by the prayer of faith."
Swansea bus station
Swansea City bus station is a bus station serving Swansea, Wales. It lies immediately to the west of the Quadrant Shopping Centre and southwest of a Tesco superstore.

The station has 20 stands for local bus services with three more serving national coach services. Coach services operated by National Express run westward to Llanelli, Carmarthen, and Haverfordwest, and eastward to London, Birmingham, Cardiff, Bristol, as well as Heathrow Airport and Gatwick Airport.

There is a taxi rank at the south end of the station.

Haverfordwest
Haverfordwest (/ˌhævərfərdˈwɛst/ HAV-ər-fərd-WEST, locally /ˈhɑːrfərdwɛst/ HAR-fərd-west; Welsh: Hwlffordd [ˈhʊlfɔrð]) is the county town of Pembrokeshire, Wales, and the most populous urban area in Pembrokeshire with a population of 14,596 in 2011. It is also a community consisting of 12,042 people, making it the second most populous community in the county after Milford Haven. The suburbs include the former parish of Prendergast, Albert Town and the residential and industrial areas of Withybush (housing, retail parks, hospital, airport and showground).

Haverfordwest has a strategic location: it was the lowest bridging point of the Western Cleddau before the Cleddau Bridge opened in 1975.
First cabinet of Edward Szczepanik
The first cabinet of Edward Szczepanik (pierwszy rząd Edwarda Szczepanika) was the second-to-last of the cabinets of the Polish government-in-exile, preceding the cabinet of Kazimierz Sabbat (who became President) and second Szczepanik cabinet.

Prime Minister: Edward Szczepanik

Minister of Education: Czesław Czapliński

Minister of the Treasury: Stanisław Borczyk

Minister of the Emigrees Affairs: Zbigniew Scholtz

Minister of Home Affairs: Ryszard Kaczorowski

Minister of the Military Affairs: Lt. Col. Jerzy Morawicz

Minister of Foreign Affairs: Zygmunt Szkopiak

Minister of Justice: Stanisław Wiszniewski

Minister of Information: Andrzej Czyżewski

Minister of the Ordered Matters: Tadeusz Drzewiecki

Minister of the Relations with USSR-occupied nations: Aleksander Snastin

Secretary of the Council of Ministers: Jerzy Zaleski

Ryszard Kaczorowski
Ryszard Kaczorowski, GCMG ([ˈrɨʂart kat͡ʂɔˈrɔfskʲi] ⓘ; 26 November 1919 – 10 April 2010) was a Polish statesman. From 1989 to 1990, he served as the last president of Poland-in-exile. He succeeded Kazimierz Sabbat, and resigned his post following Poland's regaining independence from the Soviet sphere of influence and the election of Lech Wałęsa as the first democratically elected president of Poland since before the Second World War. He died on 10 April 2010 in the plane crash near Smolensk, Russia, along with the president of Poland Lech Kaczyński and other senior government officials.
Battle of Hwangtojae
The Battle of Hwangtojae (Korean: 황토현전투; Hanja: 黃土峴戰鬪) was a battle during the Donghak Peasant Revolution which occurred in 1894 Korea (the 31st year of King Gojong's reign). The Donghak Peasant Army achieved a significant victory in the battle against the Jeolla Gamyeong Army.

Jeon Bong-jun
Jeon Bong-jun (Korean: 전봉준; December 3, 1855 – April 24, 1895) was a Korean peasant revolutionary who was a prominent leader of the Donghak movement. During the Donghak Peasant Revolution, he led the initial revolt in Gobu and later led the Southern Jeob rebels. After his defeat at the Battle of Ugeumchi, he was captured and was later executed in April 1895. Due to his short physical stature, he was called "Nokdu Janggun" (녹두장군, General mung bean).
Space Delta 8
Mission Delta 8 (MD 8) is the United States Space Force unit responsible for military satellite communications and operates a variety of satellite constellation. It is headquartered at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado.

Satellite constellation
A satellite constellation is a group of artificial satellites working together as a system. Unlike a single satellite, a constellation can provide permanent global or near-global coverage, such that at any time everywhere on Earth at least one satellite is visible. Satellites are typically placed in sets of complementary orbital planes and connect to globally distributed ground stations. They may also use inter-satellite communication.
André Sanglier
André Sanglier (10 May 1911, Saint-Pierre, Réunion – 22 October 1997) was a French politician. He represented French Madagascar as a member of the Rally of Left Republicans (RGR) in the National Assembly from 1956 to 1959.

Saint-Pierre, Réunion
Saint-Pierre (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ pjɛʁ] ⓘ; Reunionese Creole: Sin-Pyè) is the third-largest commune in the French overseas department and region of Réunion. Located on the southwest side of the island, it is the headquarters of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.
Listed buildings in Leeds (Burmantofts and Richmond Hill Ward)
Burmantofts and Richmond Hill is a ward in the metropolitan borough of the City of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England.  It contains 15 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The ward includes the areas of Burmantofts, Cross Green, and Richmond Hill.  The listed buildings consist of five churches and associated structures, a former school and an active school, a former mill, a former library and public baths, and two monuments in Beckett Street Cemetery.

Beckett Street Cemetery
Beckett Street Cemetery (also known as Burmantofts Cemetery) is a closed cemetery in Burmantofts, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. Founded in 1842, the site was officially opened in 1845 and is recognised as being one of England's first municipal burial sites (Hunslet Cemetery, also in Leeds, opened one month earlier). Although the cemetery was closed to interments in 2001, it remains open for visitors, and has two listed structures besides being a listed park itself.
Lefferts Loetscher
Lefferts Augustine Loetscher (1904–1981) was an American church historian.

Loetscher was born in Dubuque, Iowa, the son of Frederick W. Loetscher Sr., who was also a church historian, and the older brother of Frederick W. Loetscher Jr., an ornithologist. The Loetschers were descended from Swiss immigrants.

Loetscher studied at the Lawrenceville School, Princeton University, and Princeton Theological Seminary before serving as a Presbyterian minister in Pennsylvania. He obtained a PhD from the University of Pennsylvania and returned to the seminary in 1941 to teach, staying there until his retirement in 1974.

Loetscher specialized in American Presbyterian church history and wrote The Broadening Church (1954) on this topic. Along with Robert T. Handy and H. Shelton Smith, he also produced the two-volume American Christianity (1963).

As his father did before him, Loetscher served as the President of the American Society of Church History in 1962.

Lawrenceville School
The Lawrenceville School is a private, coeducational preparatory school for boarding and day students located in the unincorporated community of Lawrenceville within Lawrence Township in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Lawrenceville is a member of the Eight Schools Association and the Ten Schools Admission Organization.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 802 students and 107.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 7.4:1..
Tsuro
Tsuro is a tile-based board game designed by Tom McMurchie, originally published by WizKids and now published by Calliope Games.

Tsuro is a board game for two to eight players. To play, players compete to have the last playing piece remaining on the board. Player turns consist of placing truchet tiles on the board from the player's hand. Then they move their respective pieces along these paths. Players are eliminated by following a path that ends at the board edge.

There have also been a number of differently themed Tsuro editions and expansions released, beginning with Tsuro of the Seas. Although core gameplay remains the same, some versions feature expanded rules or larger boards.

The name of the game is taken from the Japanese word tsūro (通路) meaning "route".  The word, written in kanji, appears in the art on the game board.

Truchet tile
In information visualization and graphic design, Truchet tiles are square tiles decorated with patterns that are not rotationally symmetric. When placed in a square tiling of the plane, they can form varied patterns, and the orientation of each tile can be used to visualize information associated with the tile's position within the tiling.

Truchet tiles were first described in a 1704 memoir by Sébastien Truchet entitled "Mémoire sur les combinaisons", and were popularized in 1987 by Cyril Stanley Smith.
Trifluoroethylene
Trifluoroethylene (abbreviated as TrFE) is an organofluoride compound with the chemical formula C2HF3. It is a colourless gas. TrFE can polymerise to form poly(trifluoroethylene) (PTrFE). It can also form copolymers with other monomers, such as vinylidene fluoride to form a co-polymer that is used to produce ferroelectric materials.

Organofluorine chemistry
A: fluoromethane

B: isoflurane

C: a CFC

D: an HFC

E: triflic acid

F: Teflon

G: PFOS

H: fluorouracil

I: fluoxetine

Organofluorine chemistry describes the chemistry of organofluorine compounds, organic compounds that contain a carbon–fluorine bond. Organofluorine compounds find diverse applications ranging from oil and water repellents to pharmaceuticals, refrigerants, and reagents in catalysis. In fact, "about 40% of new pharmaceuticals ... and 25% of all those on the market...  contain fluorine".

In addition to these applications, some organofluorine compounds are pollutants because of their contributions to ozone depletion, global warming, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. The area of organofluorine chemistry often requires special techniques associated with the handling of fluorinating agents.
Ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate
Ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate is an insect repellent whose trade name is IR3535 and was developed and commercialized by Merck KGaA (Germany). It is a colorless and odorless oil with a good skin feel in final products, and it is biodegradable.

Unlike icaridin, IR3535 can dissolve some plastics and synthetic fabrics, except polyethylene and polypropylene.

Polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene.

Polypropylene belongs to the group of polyolefins and is partially crystalline and non-polar. Its properties are similar to polyethylene, but it is slightly harder and more heat-resistant. It is a white, mechanically rugged material and has a high chemical resistance.

Polypropylene is the second-most widely produced commodity plastic (after polyethylene).
Swedish Film Database
The Swedish Film Database (Swedish: Svensk filmdatabas) is an Internet database about Swedish films, published by the Swedish Film Institute. It contains information about all Swedish films from 1897 onwards and foreign films that had their first cinema release in Sweden. It also provides many biographies of actors, directors, producers and others who have participated in Swedish films over the years. It is created with the support of the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation. The database comprises about 62,000 films (17,000 Swedish films) and 265,000 people.

Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation
The Riksbankens Jubileumsfond Foundation is an independent foundation with the aim of promoting high scientific quality, encouraging cross-disciplinary research, and contributing to capacity building in Swedish research within the humanities and social sciences. The foundation supports research in the humanities and social sciences with a connection to Sweden. It was established in 1962 through a donation from the Central bank of Sweden, which wished to commemorate the bank’s 300th anniversary in 1968 while also supporting “a significant national cause.”
2000–01 Gamma Ethniki
The 2000–01 Gamma Ethniki was the 18th season since the official establishment of the third tier of Greek football in 1982 and under the name Second Division (Greek: Β΄ Κατηγορία). Patraikos was crowned champion, thus winning promotion to Beta Ethniki. Chalkidona-Near East also won promotion after a winning a promotion play-off in which was participated with Atromitos and Ethnikos Piraeus.

Acharnaikos, Naoussa, Kozani, Ampelokipi, Lamia, Veria, Anagennisi Karditsa, ILTEX Lykoi, Pierikos and Ialysos Rodos were relegated to Delta Ethniki.

Acharnaikos F.C.
Acharnaikos Football Club (Greek: Α.Ο. Αχαρναϊκός) is a Greek football club based in Acharnes (Menidi area), Athens, Greece. It was founded in 1939 as Panthiras Menidiou. The club was known as Yperochi Menidi until 1961. It plays in Acharnes Stadium, which has a 4,450 seating capacity. The club's logo is a cloverleaf with two alphas in the left and top and an omicron at the right.
Anttila (surname)
Anttila is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Akseli Anttila (1897–1953), Finnish-born Soviet general

Bill Anttila (1919–2011), American water polo coach

Erin Anttila (born 1977), Finnish singer

Kalle Anttila (1887–1975), Finnish wrestler

Liisa Anttila (born 1974), Finnish orienteer

Marko Anttila (born 1985), Finnish ice hockey player

Miikka Anttila (born 1972), Finnish rally co-driver

Sirkka-Liisa Anttila (born 1943), Finnish politician

Ulla Anttila (born 1963), Finnish politician

Miikka Anttila
Miikka Anttila (born 10 September 1972) is a Finnish rally co-driver, mostly known teaming with Jari-Matti Latvala. Anttila has previously served alongside such drivers as Mikko Hirvonen, Janne Tuohino and Kosti Katajamäki.
Andrey Sazanov
Andrey Sazanov (born 25 January 1994) is a road and track cyclist from Russia. As a junior and under-23 rider he won several medals at the European Track Championships In 2015 he won as an elite the silver medal in the madison at the 2015 UEC European Track Championships  in Grenchen, Switzerland. On the road he won the third stage in the 2013 Baltic Chain Tour. He rode with the GM Cycling Team in 2015.

2015 UEC European Track Championships
The 2015 UEC European Track Championships was the sixth edition of the elite UEC European Track Championships in track cycling and took place at the Velodrome Suisse in Grenchen, Switzerland, between 14 and 18 October. The Event was organised by the European Cycling Union. All European champions are awarded the UEC European Champion jersey which may be worn by the champion throughout the year when competing in the same event at other competitions.

The 10 Olympic events (sprint, team sprint, team pursuit, keirin and omnium for men and women), as well as 11 other events are on the program for these European Championships. For the first time, the elimination races, known within track cycling as Devils (from the saying Devil take the hindmost) were contested in their own right.
Fox One
Fox One is a streaming television service owned by Fox Corporation that was launched on August 21, 2025. The service includes programming from all of Fox's broadcast and most of their cable properties, except Fox Soccer Plus, and is available in a bundle with Fox Nation. Pay TV providers which provide access to the company's networks through TV Everywhere authentication will automatically allow access to the service for their subscribers for no additional cost, including streaming access to Fox affiliates.

Fox Soccer Plus
Fox Soccer Plus (formerly Setanta Sports) is an American sports channel dedicated to soccer and rugby league football. Launched in 2005 by the Irish sports broadcaster Setanta Sports to offer live and tape-delayed mainstream sports events in the United States and Caribbean, it was rebranded on March 1, 2010, as a spin-off of the now-defunct Fox Soccer after its owner News Corporation acquired the channel and its coverage rights from Setanta in January 2010.

Despite the September 2013 replacement of Fox Soccer with FXX, Fox Soccer Plus remains operational, although in recent years, the channel has lost many of its key events that had carried over from the Fox Soccer Channel.
Amphipoea fucosa
Amphipoea fucosa, the saltern ear moth, is a moth of the superfamily Noctuoidea, found in Europe. It was described in 1830, by the German entomologist Christian Friedrich Freyer, from two type specimen found in Sligo, Ireland and Deal, Kent. It is one of four species that are difficult to tell apart, requiring the examination of the genitalia. The larvae feed in the stems and roots of grasses.

Sligo
Sligo (/ˈslaɪɡoʊ/; Irish: Sligeach [ˈʃl̠ʲɪɟəx]; lit. 'abounding in shells') is a coastal seaport and the county town of County Sligo, Ireland, within the western province of Connacht. With a population of 20,608 in 2022, it is the county's largest urban centre (constituting 29.5% of the county's population) and the 24th largest in the Republic of Ireland.

Sligo is a commercial and cultural centre situated on the west coast of Ireland. Its surrounding coast and countryside, as well as its connections to the poet W. B. Yeats, have made it a tourist destination.