hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1999 Estoril Open – Women's singles
The 1999 Estoril Open women's singles was the singles event of the first edition of the WTA Tour Estoril Open; a WTA Tier IV tournament and the most prestigious women's tennis tournament held in Portugal. This tournament was part of the ITF Circuit last year, and it was won by Barbara Schwartz. Schwartz was eliminated in the second round of this year's event.

Katarina Srebotnik won in the final 6–3, 6–1 against Rita Kuti-Kis.

Anna Földényi
Anna Maria Földényi (born 22 August 1974) is a former professional tennis player from Hungary.

In her career, Földényi won 13 singles and three doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 27 September 1999, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 107. On 19 April 1999, she peaked at No. 142 in the doubles rankings.

Playing for Hungary Fed Cup team, she has a win-loss record of 19–5.

Földényi retired from tour in 2007.
Dessau–Köthen railway
The Dessau–Köthen railway connects the cities of Dessau-Roßlau and Köthen in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is one of the oldest lines in Germany and forms the western end of the main line of the Berlin-Anhalt Railway Company (German: Berlin-Anhaltische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft, BAE). The only passenger services to use the line are regional services.

Regionalbahn
The Regionalbahn (German: [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌbaːn] ⓘ; lit. Regional train; abbreviated RB) is a type of local passenger train (stopping train) in Germany. It is similar to the Regionalzug (R) and Regio (R) train categories in neighboring Austria and Switzerland, respectively.
Kate Lonergan
Helen Catherine "Kate" Lonergan (born 4 January 1962) is an English former actress, best known for playing the role of Maid Marian in the 1989–94 BBC1 children's television series Maid Marian and her Merry Men.

Prior to being cast as Marian, Lonergan had appeared in the screenplay Testimony of a Child and The Tall Guy. She has since appeared in numerous episodes of TV series, including the mini-series Terry and Julian (1992) and Four Fathers (1999), as well as The Bill, Hetty Wainthropp Investigates, The Hello Girls, Born and Bred, Doctors, Is It Legal?, and Blue Heaven.

After retiring from acting, Lonergan co-founded The Blackheath Windowbox Company, a "bespoke containerised gardening company", in March 2011  which was dissolved in 2016.

Born and Bred
Born and Bred is a British light-hearted 1950s-set medical drama series aired on BBC One which ran from 21 April 2002 to 3 August 2005. It was created by Chris Chibnall and Nigel McCrery. Initially the cast was led by James Bolam and Michael French as a father and son who run a cottage hospital in Ormston, a fictitious village in Lancashire, in the 1950s. Bolam's and French's characters were later replaced by characters played by Richard Wilson and Oliver Milburn.
Ulingsheide Abbey
Ulingsheide Abbey was a Trappist monastery in Tegelen, Venlo, the Netherlands, very close to the Dutch border with Germany. It was founded in 1884 as a daughter house of Westmalle Abbey in Belgium, to receive German novices in the wake of the Kulturkampf. The community was merged to that of Lilbosch Abbey in 2002, the house becoming an annex of Lilbosch. As of summer 2020 negotiations were ongoing for the sale of the property to developers.

The monastery was built in the years 1888–1892 to designs by Caspar Franssen (a pupil of Pierre Cuypers). In 1926 a chapel was added, designed by Frans Stoks in a Traditionalist style influenced by Expressionism and Art Deco. The chapel's interior was restyled in 1980.

Pierre Cuypers
Petrus Josephus Hubertus "Pierre" Cuypers (16 May 1827 – 3 March 1921) was a Dutch architect. His name is most frequently associated with the Amsterdam Central Station (1881–1889) and the Rijksmuseum (1876–1885), both in Amsterdam. More representative for his oeuvre, however, are numerous churches, of which he designed more than 100. Moreover, he restored many monuments.
Achiguate River
The Río Achiguate (Spanish pronunciation: [atʃiˈɣwate]) is a river in the south of Guatemala. Its sources are located in the Sierra Madre mountain range, on the southern slopes of the Volcán de Fuego in the departments of Sacatepéquez and Escuintla. The river flows southwards through the coastal lowlands of Escuintla into the Pacific Ocean.

The Achiquate's proximity to the active Fuego volcano increases the risks of inundations and mudflows.

Sacatepéquez Department
Sacatepéquez (Spanish pronunciation: [sa.ka.teˈpe.kes]) is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala. The name comes from Sacatepéquez, a city from November 21, 1542, until July 29, 1773, when it was destroyed by the 1773 Guatemala earthquake.

The capital of the department is Antigua Guatemala. Other important cities include Ciudad Vieja and San Lucas Sacatepéquez, which also hosts a marketplace and is a culinary attraction. The Chajoma were a group of indigenous people who were Kaqchikel speaking Maya, they  identified Mixco Viejo as their capital, and spread throughout the Sacatepequez Department until their capital was moved to Ciudad Vieja, in Antigua.
Abdulyekeen Alajagusi
Abdulyekeen Alajagusi Sadiqlistenⓘ is a Nigerian politician. He served as a member representing Asa/llorin West Federal Constituency in the House of Representatives. Born on 3 April 1962, he hails from Kwara State. He was elected into the House of Assembly at the 2019 elections under the All Progressives Congress (APC).

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Koonce
Koonce is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cal Koonce (1940–1993), American baseball player

Donnie Ray Koonce (born 1959), American basketball player

George Koonce (born 1968), American football player

Graham Koonce (born 1975), American baseball player

Lisa Koonce, American academic

Malcolm Koonce (born 1998), American football player

Graham Koonce
Graham Clinton Koonce (born May 15, 1975) is an American former professional baseball first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball for the Oakland Athletics during the 2003 season. He was selected by the Detroit Tigers in the 60th round of the 1993 amateur draft. Koonce played his first professional season with their Rookie league Bristol Tigers in 1994. In 2007, he played for the Kansas City Royals' Triple-A club, the Omaha Royals.
Optics (Ptolemy)
Ptolemy's Optics is a 2nd-century book on geometrical optics, dealing with reflection, refraction, and colour. The book was most likely written late in Ptolemy's life, after the Almagest, during the 160s. The work is of great importance in the early history of optics. The Greek text has been lost completely. Fragments of the work survive only in the form of a Latin translation, prepared around 1154 by Eugene of Palermo, based on an Arabic translation which was presumably based on the Greek original. Both the Arabic and the Greek texts are lost entirely, and the Latin text is "badly mangled". The Latin text was edited by Albert Lejeune in 1956. The 1996 English translation by Mark Smith is based on Lejeune's Latin text.

Reflection (physics)
Reflection is the change in direction of a wavefront at an interface between two different media so that the wavefront returns into the medium from which it originated. Common examples include the reflection of light, sound and water waves. The law of reflection says that for specular reflection (for example at a mirror) the angle at which the wave is incident on the surface equals the angle at which it is reflected.

In acoustics, reflection causes echoes and is used in sonar. In geology, it is important in the study of seismic waves. Reflection is observed with surface waves in bodies of water. Reflection is observed with many types of electromagnetic wave, besides visible light. Reflection of VHF and higher frequencies is important for radio transmission and for radar. Even hard X-rays and gamma rays can be reflected at shallow angles with special "grazing" mirrors.
Nowbahar, Nishapur
Nowbahar (Persian: نوبهار, also Romanized as Nowbahār and Now Bahār) is a village in Darbqazi Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 72, in 21 families.

Nishapur County
Nishapur County (Persian: شهرستان نیشاپور) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Nishapur, the second largest city in the province and the third largest city in Eastern Iran.
The Galloping Fish
The Galloping Fish is a 1924 American silent comedy film directed by Del Andrews and starring Louise Fazenda, Syd Chaplin, Ford Sterling, Chester Conklin, Lucille Ricksen, and John Steppling. It is based on the 1917 novel Friend Wife by Frank R. Adams. The film was released by First National Pictures on March 10, 1924.

The film was later re-released by Selected Pictures in 1930 with talking sequences.

John Steppling (actor)
John Steppling (8 August 1870 in Essen, Kingdom of Prussia – 5 April 1932 in Hollywood, California) was a German-American silent film actor.

He moved to America at a young age and entered film in 1912 aged 42. He starred in a total of 230 films between then and 1928, beginning with one of the first feature films ever made, Tess of the d'Urbervilles. He is also credited with directing 7 films.

He is the grandfather of playwright John Steppling.
KLJH
KLJH (107.1 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a Contemporary Inspirational format. Licensed to Bayfield, Colorado, United States, the station serves the Four Corners area. The station is currently owned by Native American Christian Voice, Inc., and features programming from Salem Communications.

Bayfield, Colorado
Bayfield is a statutory town located in La Plata County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 2,838 at the 2020 United States census, a +21.65% increase since the 2010 United States census. Bayfield is part of the Durango, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Keokuk Westerns
The Western baseball club of Keokuk, Iowa, or Keokuk Westerns in modern nomenclature, was a professional baseball team in the National Association in 1875, the last season of that first professional league. It is considered a major league team by those who count the NA as a major league. It was geographically the furthest west major league baseball had progressed up to that time.

History of the Chicago Cubs
The following is a franchise history of the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball, a charter member of the National League who started play in the National Association of Base Ball Players in 1870 as the Chicago White Stockings, before joining the National Association in 1871. The Chicago National League Ball Club is the only franchise to play continuously in the same city since the formation of the National League in 1876. They are the earliest formed active professional sports club in North America, predating the team now known as the Atlanta Braves by one year. In their early history, they were called the White Stockings, Orphans, Infants, Remnants and Colts by the press before officially becoming the "Cubs" in 1903.
Northwestern Syria offensive (2024)
On 27 November 2024, a coalition of Syrian opposition groups called the Military Operations Command led by Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and supported by allied Turkish-backed groups in the Syrian National Army (SNA) launched an offensive against the Ba'athist government's armed forces in Aleppo and Hama Governorates in Syria. Codenamed Deterrence of Aggression by HTS, this was the first military offensive campaign launched by opposition forces in the Syrian civil war since the March 2020 Idlib ceasefire. On 29 November 2024, HTS entered Aleppo and captured most of the city, as the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) collapsed. The next day, opposition forces made rapid advances, capturing dozens of towns and villages as government forces disintegrated, and advanced toward Hama and subsequently capturing it on 5 December. This offensive begun a series of offensives that led to fall of Damascus.

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Jimmy Lifton
James Ian Lifton (born January 13, 1955), also known as Jimmy Lifton, is an American musician and film producer. Lifton's first major film production was the horror cult classic Mirror, Mirror (1990). Since then, he has produced 18 feature films, working with actors like Mark Ruffalo, Christina Ricci, Hulk Hogan, James Brolin, Traci Lords, and Bruce Campbell. Lifton co-founded a post-production company called Oracle Post in 1996. Oracle Post provides picture and sound needs for feature films and television, and has a client base that consists of companies like Fox, HBO, NBC, Universal, Disney, Nickelodeon, Paramount, Sony, Warner Brothers, and MTV.

Universal Filmed Entertainment Group
The Universal Filmed Entertainment Group Inc. (UFEG), also known as Universal Filmed Entertainment and doing business as Universal Studios (formerly known as Universal Studios Inc.), is an American entertainment company and business unit within NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast, that oversees and manages its film and television businesses, including its flagship divisions, Universal Pictures and Universal Television.

The company was formed in 1996 following the acquisition of MCA by Seagram, and its subsequent rebranding to Universal Studios Inc., which would later take on its current name in 2013. Since its formation, the company has become a major force in the film and entertainment industries.

Its studios are located in Universal City, California, and its corporate offices are located in New York City.
Guaymaral y Torca
Guaymaral y Torca (Spanish: Humedal Guaymaral y Torca) is a combined wetland, part of the Wetlands of Bogotá, located in the north of the Colombian capital in the localities Suba and Usaquén, Bogotá, Colombia. The wetlands on the Bogotá savanna cover an area of about 73 hectares (180 acres). Guaymaral y Torca, the northernmost wetlands of Bogotá at the foot of the Eastern Hills, is composed of three parts, Guaymaral in the west in Suba (49 hectares (120 acres)), Torca in the east in Usaquén (24 hectares (59 acres)) and a small strip along the dividing Autopista Norte between the two main wetlands. The wetlands are located in the Torca River basin. The Autopista Norte was constructed in 1952, dividing the wetlands.

Autopista Norte
Autopista Norte, also called Autopista paseo de los libertadores (Way of the Liberators Highway), is a major road in Bogotá, Colombia, running through the northern part of the city to its southern end at Avenida Caracas.
Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase superfamily
The alpha-D-phosphohexomutases are a large superfamily of enzymes, with members in all three domains of life. Enzymes from this superfamily are ubiquitous in organisms from E. coli to humans, and catalyze a phosphoryl transfer reaction on a phosphosugar substrate. Four well studied subgroups in the superfamily are:

Phosphoglucomutase (PGM)

Phosphoglucomutase/Phosphomannomutase (PGM/PMM)

Phosphoglucosamine mutase (PNGM)

Phosphoaceytlglucosamine mutase (PAGM)

Other enzymes in the superfamily are known to act as glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthases and phosphopentomutases.

Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase
Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase is a type of enzyme called a phosphotransferase and is involved in mammalian starch and sucrose metabolism (KEGG, 2.7.1.106 Archived 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine).  It catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to glucose-1-phosphate, yielding 3-phosphoglycerate and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate.

(image courtesy of the BRENDA enzyme database)

The enzyme requires a divalent metal ion cofactor.  Zinc (Zn2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Manganese (Mn2+), Calcium (Ca2+), Nickel (Ni2+), Copper (Cu2+), Cadmium (Cd2+) are all proven effective cofactors in vitro.  Additionally, the enzyme appears to function optimally in a pH range from 7.3–8.7 and at a temperature of 25 °C.
G. David Gearhart
G. David Gearhart (born June 9, 1952) was the fifth chancellor of the University of Arkansas. He succeeded John A. White on July 1, 2008, following 10 years of service to the university in his capacity as vice chancellor for university advancement. As chancellor, Gearhart instituted the first tuition freeze in 24 years and implemented a $220 million campus building renovation and refurbishment plan, as well as a campus-wide energy savings plan.  He has also undertaken a renewed emphasis on the arts on campus, including the establishment of the “All Steinway Campus.” Under his leadership campus enrollment increased by more than 10 percent in two years, record research awards were recorded,  and the university was reclassified by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching as RU/VH—“research university/very high,” the foundation’s top research classification.

Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching
The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT) is a U.S.-based education policy and research center. It was founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of the United States Congress. Among its most notable accomplishments are the development of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association (TIAA), the Flexner Report on medical education, the Carnegie Unit, the Educational Testing Service, and the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.
Giovanni Castellucci
Giovanni Castellucci (born 23 July 1959) is an Italian businessman who served as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Autostrade per l'Italia and Atlantia. In 2023, he was convicted of manslaughter and negligence in relation to the 2013 Monteforte Irpino bus crash, after having been acquitted at the initial trial. The conviction was upheld by the Court of Cassation in 2025, and Castellucci was sentenced to six years in prison.

Aeroporti di Roma
Aeroporti di Roma S.p.A. (abbreviated ADR) is an Italian fixed-base operator of Rome Fiumicino Airport (in Greater Rome) and Rome Ciampino Airport since 1997 (the year of privatization). The headquarter of the company is located in Rome Fiumicino Airport.

The company was a minority shareholders of Aeroporto di Genova (15%), as well as Airports Company South Africa from 1998 to 2005.
Kaylor, Pennsylvania
Kaylor is an unincorporated community in northern Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It lies between Johnstown and Altoona, approximately 80 miles east of Pittsburgh. It is part of Munster Township, Pennsylvania.

Altoona, Pennsylvania
Altoona (/ælˈtuːnə/ al-TOO-nə) is a city in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 43,963 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Altoona metropolitan area, which includes all of Blair County and was recorded as having a population of 122,823.

Altoona was established in 1849 by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Having grown around the railroad industry, the city has worked to recover from industrial decline and urban decentralization experienced in recent decades. The city is home to the Altoona Curve baseball team of the Eastern League, which is the AA affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball team. They play at Peoples Natural Gas Field in Altoona. The Altoona Symphony Orchestra has called Altoona home since 1928. Prominent landmarks include the Horseshoe Curve, the Railroaders Memorial Museum, the Juniata Shops of the Altoona Works, the Mishler Theatre, the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, and the Jaffa Shrine Center.
National School of Drama, Varanasi
National School of Drama, Varanasi is a new extension center of National School of Drama, New Delhi, established in 2018 to provide one-year training on Indian Classical Theatre and Natyashashtra. It is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.

Ministry of Culture (India)
The Ministry of Culture is the Indian government ministry charged with preservation and promotion of art and culture of India.

Gajendra Singh Shekhawat is the current Minister of Culture. Recently the government has established the National Mission on Libraries India under this ministry.
Simon, Count of Syracuse
Simon (fl. 1162) was the Norman Count of Syracuse and a member of the Hauteville family. He may be an illegitimate son of Roger II of Sicily, but more likely a son of Henry, Count of Paterno, the brother-in-law of Roger I. He was probably a descendant of his predecessor Tancred.

In 1162, when Frederick Barbarossa was seeking allies for a planned invasion of the Kingdom of Sicily, he made a treaty with the Republic of Genoa, offering them the entire Ligurian coast and the lands of Simon in Sicily. These lands included the cities of Syracuse and Noto and 250 knight's fees (caballariae) in the fertile plain around Noto, the Val di Noto. When the Emperor Henry VI reissued his father's charter to Genoa on 30 May 1191, he retained the promise of Simon's lands, even though Simon was by then dead.

Noto
Noto (Sicilian: Notu; Latin: Netum) is a city and comune in the Province of Syracuse, Sicily, Italy. It is 32 kilometres (20 mi) southwest of the city of Syracuse at the foot of the Hyblaean Mountains. It lends its name to the surrounding area Val di Noto. In 2002 Noto and its church were declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Saidaiji Station
Saidaiji Station (西大寺駅, Saidaiji-eki) is a passenger railway station located in Higashi-ku in the city of Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

Okayama Prefecture
Okayama Prefecture (岡山県, Okayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [o.kaꜜ.ja.ma, o.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Okayama Prefecture has a population of 1,815,165 (1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,114 km2 (2,746 sq mi). Okayama Prefecture borders Tottori Prefecture to the north, Hyōgo Prefecture to the east, and Hiroshima Prefecture to the west.

Okayama is the capital and largest city of Okayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kurashiki, Tsuyama, and Sōja. Okayama Prefecture's south is located on the Seto Inland Sea coast across from Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku, which are connected by the Great Seto Bridge, while the north is characterized by the Chūgoku Mountains.