hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tecoatl
A tecoatl (plural tecoatles) is a stone canal making up part of an extensive ancient aqueduct network in the Tehuacán Valley in the state of Puebla in Mexico. The word tecoatl translates to "stone snake" in the Aztec language Nahuatl, but the canal system is far older than the Aztecs. The first segments of the system were laid down approximately 2500 years ago.

Archaeological investigation of the tecoatl system began in the late 1960s, and further studies revealed that the tecoatles make up the longest prehistoric irrigation system in the New World. At one point 1200 kilometers of stone canals provided water to 330 km² of cultivated land in the Tehuacán Valley.

Aqueduct (water supply)
An aqueduct is a watercourse constructed to carry water from a source to a distribution point far away. In modern engineering, the term aqueduct is used for any system of pipes, ditches, canals, tunnels, and other structures used for this purpose. The term aqueduct also often refers specifically to a bridge carrying an artificial watercourse.

Aqueducts were used in ancient Greece, the ancient Near East, ancient Rome, ancient Aztec, and ancient Inca. The simplest aqueducts are small ditches cut into the earth. Much larger channels may be used in modern aqueducts. Aqueducts sometimes run for some or all of their path through tunnels constructed underground. Modern aqueducts may also use pipelines. Historically, agricultural societies have constructed aqueducts to irrigate crops and supply large cities with drinking water.
Willow River (British Columbia)
The Willow River is a tributary of the Fraser River in the north-central Interior of British Columbia, Canada. It enters the Fraser near the community of Willow River, just upstream from the city of Prince George, near the confluence of the Salmon River. Its source is in the Cariboo goldfields at Jack of Clubs Lake in the mining and arts community of Wells, British Columbia, near Barkerville. In 1974, the canyon of the Willow River, east of Prince George, was the scene of a tragic accident involving eight teenagers who died when their three canoes and kayak were broken in the raging waters and boulders of a narrow gorge.

Cariboo Gold Rush
The Cariboo Gold Rush was a gold rush in the Colony of British Columbia, which later became the Canadian province of British Columbia. The first gold discovery was made at Hills Bar in 1858, followed by more strikes in 1859 on the Horsefly River, and on Keithley Creek and Antler Creek in 1860. The actual rush did not begin until 1861, when these discoveries were widely publicized. By 1865, following the strikes along Williams Creek, the rush was in full swing.

Towns grew up, the most famous of these being Barkerville, now preserved as a heritage site and tourist attraction. Other important towns of the Cariboo gold rush era were Keithley Creek, Quesnel Forks or simply "the Forks", Antler, Richfield, Quesnellemouthe (which would later be shortened to Quesnel), Horsefly and, around the site of the Hudson's Bay Company's fort of the same name, Alexandria.
Perafita, Lavra e Santa Cruz do Bispo
Perafita, Lavra e Santa Cruz do Bispo is a civil parish in the municipality of Matosinhos, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Perafita, Lavra and Santa Cruz do Bispo. The population in 2011 was 29,407, in an area of 22.65 km². It is crossed by the A28 (Porto / Valença). The Porto Airport is situated in its territory.

Valença, Portugal
Valença (Portuguese pronunciation: [vɐˈlẽsɐ] ⓘ), also known as Valença do Minho (Traditional Spanish: Valencia de Miño), is a municipality and a town in Portugal, bordered across from Tui, Galicia. The population in 2011 was 14,127, in an area of 117.13 km2.

Valença officially became a city on 12 June 2009. The municipality is located in Viana do Castelo District. The present Mayor is Jorge Mendes, elected by the Social Democratic Party (PSD). The municipal holiday is 18 February.
Panasonic Lumix DC-GX850/GX800
The Panasonic Lumix DC-GX850/GX800 (also known as the GF9 in some regions) is an interchangeable lens mirrorless system digital camera announced by Panasonic on January 4, 2017.

It uses the same 16MP Four Thirds sensor as several of its siblings. It is sold with a 12-32mm collapsible f/3.5-5.6 ASPH. MEGA O.I.S. kits lens and includes a 180-degree 3-inch flip-up touch LCD with a 1,040k-dot resolution, Panasonic's Depth-from-Defocus AF, built-in WiFi, and 4K 3840 x 2160 video capture.

The camera also offers Face Detection Focusing, a max ISO of 25600 and Timelapse Recording. However, it doesn't include in-body image stabilization, an external flash shoe, or a built-in viewfinder.

In some markets, a follow-up model named the GX880, GF10, or GF90 was released, with only external changes to the grip and no internal updates.

Panasonic
Panasonic Holdings Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It was founded in 1918 as Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works in the Fukushima ward of Osaka by Kōnosuke Matsushita. The company was incorporated in 1935 and renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., and changed its name to Panasonic Corporation in 2008. In 2022, it reorganized as a holding company and adopted its current name.

In addition to consumer electronics, for which it was the world's largest manufacturer in the late 20th century, Panasonic produces a wide range of products and services, including rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices, with a secondary listing on the Nagoya Stock Exchange.
HMS Hedingham Castle
Two British Royal Navy warships have been named Hedingham Castle, after Hedingham Castle in Essex.  They were both Castle-class corvettes built during the Second World War.

HMS Hedingham Castle (K491) was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy before launching and renamed HMCS Orangeville.  She was launched on 26 January 1944.

HMS Hedingham Castle (K529) was launched on 30 October 1944 and broken up in 1958.

Castle-class corvette
The Castle-class corvette was an ocean going convoy escort developed by the United Kingdom during the Second World War. It was the follow-on to the Flower-class corvette, and designed to be built in shipyards that were producing the Flowers. The Castle-class was a general improvement over the smaller Flowers which were designed for coastal rather than open ocean use.

The Castle-class corvettes started appearing in service during late 1943.
Piter Poel
Piter Poel (17 June 1760 – 3 October 1837) was a diplomat who in his later years became the publisher of the "Altonaischer Mercurius" (newspaper).   A couple of years after his baptism his Godfather, Peter, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp, became (for just six months, during 1762) the Tsar of Russia.

Poel was born in Russia, but his father had been born in the Netherlands, and at the time of his baptism his first name is thought to have been spelled in family and church records as "Pieter" or "Petrus".   Sources also sometimes identify him as Peter Poel.

Caspar Voght
Caspar Voght (17 November 1752 – 20 March 1839), later Caspar Reichsfreiherr von Voght (more commonly known as Baron Caspar von Voght), was a German merchant and social reformer from Hamburg (today Germany). Together with his business partner and friend Georg Heinrich Sieveking he led one of the largest trading firms in Hamburg during the second half of the 18th Century. On numerous trade trips, he completely crossed the European continent. One of his greatest achievements was reforming the welfare system of Hamburg. From 1785 he dedicated himself to strengthening agricultural and horticultural projects and built a model agricultural community in Flottbek, close to the gates of Hamburg.
CRB Ouled Djellal
Chabab Riadhi Baladiat Ouled Djellal (Arabic: الشباب الرياضي لبلدية أولاد جلال), known as CRB Ouled Djellal or simply CRBOD for short, is an Algerian football club located in Ouled Djellal, Algeria. The club was founded in 1931 and its colours are red and white. Their home stadium, Lamri Benkouider Stadium, has a capacity of 5,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Ligue Régional I.

Ouled Djellal
Ouled Djellal is a town and commune in Ouled Djellal Province, Algeria. Prior to the creation of Ouled Djellal Province in 2019, Ouled Djellal was part of Biskra Province. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 45,622. more recent census says it has over 66,000 people. Mayor Rachid Boufateh (in 2016) announced that Ouled Djellal is to be a State in the next Administrative Division.
Cyrano de Bergerac (1946 film)
Cyrano de Bergerac is a 1946 French romantic comedy film directed by Fernand Rivers and starring Claude Dauphin, Ellen Bernsen and Pierre Bertin. It is based on the 1897 play Cyrano de Bergerac by Edmond Rostand.

The film's sets were designed by the art director René Renoux.

Edmond Rostand
Edmond Eugène Alexis Rostand (UK: /ˈrɒstɒ̃/, US: /rɔːˈstɒ̃, ˈrɒstænd/, French: [ɛdmɔ̃ ʁɔstɑ̃]; 1 April 1868 – 2 December 1918) was a French poet and dramatist. He is associated with neo-romanticism and is known best for his 1897 play Cyrano de Bergerac. Rostand's romantic plays contrasted with the naturalistic theatre popular during the late nineteenth century. Another of Rostand's works, Les Romanesques (1894), was adapted to the 1960 musical comedy The Fantasticks.
National Institute of Physics
The National Institute of Physics (NIP) was established in 1983 by Presidential Executive Order No. 889 which transformed the Department of Physics of the College of Arts and Sciences into one of the seven research and academic institutes of the University of the Philippines Diliman - College of Science.

In 1997, the NIP has been designated as a Center of Excellence by the Commission on Higher Education. The research institute offers bachelor's degree, master's degree and doctorate degrees in physics. The research institute has also produced the first gravitational physicist in the Philippines.

Commission on Higher Education
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED; Filipino: Komisyon sa Mas Mataas na Edukasyon or Komisyon sa Lalong Mataas na Edukasyon) is a government agency under the Office of the President of the Philippines. It is responsible for regulating and governing all higher education institutions and post-secondary educational programs in the country.
Melissa McClelland
Melissa McClelland (born 18 May 1979) is an American-born Canadian singer-songwriter who lived in Hamilton, Ontario, in her youth and now bases her career from Toronto, Ontario. McClelland's music is influenced by blues and Americana. A writer on CMJ's staff blog wrote that McClelland has "a persona reminiscent of a female Tom Waits."

Jesse Cook
Jesse Arnaud Cook (born November 28, 1964) is a Canadian guitarist. He is a Juno Award winner, Acoustic Guitar Player's Choice Award silver winner in the Flamenco Category, and a three-time winner of the Canadian Smooth Jazz award for Guitarist of the Year. He has recorded on the EMI, E1 Music and Narada labels and has sold over 1.5 million records worldwide.
Salzbrücke
Salzbrücke is a former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district Schmalkalden-Meiningen, in Thuringia, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Obermaßfeld-Grimmenthal. It was disbanded on 1 January 2012.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Salzbrücke consisted of the following municipalities:

Bauerbach

Belrieth

Einhausen

Ellingshausen

Leutersdorf

Neubrunn

Obermaßfeld-Grimmenthal

Ritschenhausen

Vachdorf

Wölfershausen

50°31′01″N 10°25′01″E﻿ / ﻿50.517°N 10.417°E﻿ / 50.517; 10.417

Municipal association (Germany)
Municipal associations (German: Verwaltungsgemeinschaften, pronounced [fɛɐ̯ˈvaltʊŋsɡəˌmaɪ̯nʃaftn̩] ⓘ, lit. 'administrative communities') are statutory corporations or public bodies created by statute in the German federal states of Bavaria, Saxony, Thuringia, and Schleswig-Holstein. In Baden-Württemberg the term stipulated municipal association (German: vereinbarte Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) is used.
Oliver Sudden Productions
Oliver Sudden Productions is a Canadian independent record label  focusing on traditional music from various parts of the world. The label was founded by music producer Paul Etch in Montreal, Canada in 1993. Highlights of the company's current catalog includes the albums by Chinese erhu player Lei Qiang, Japanese koto player Satomi Saeki, Vietnamese dan bau musician Pham Duc Thanh, Paraguayan harpist Eralio Gill, flamenco guitarist Juan Carranza, Indian sarod player Aditya Verma, Japanese shakuhachi player Alcvin Takegawa Ramos, Chinese yangqin musician and former music professor at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music Anna Guo, Chinese zheng player Hong Ting, and Chinese pipa player Liu Fang.

Sarod
The sarod is a stringed instrument, used in Hindustani music on the Indian subcontinent. Along with the sitar, it is among the most popular and prominent instruments. It is known for a deep, weighty, introspective sound, in contrast with the sweet, overtone-rich timbre of the sitar, with sympathetic strings that give it a resonant, reverberant quality. A fretless instrument, it can produce the continuous slides between notes known as meend (glissandi), which are important in Indian music.
Carlo Miranda
Carlo Miranda (15 August 1912 – 28 May 1982) was an Italian mathematician, working on mathematical analysis, theory of elliptic partial differential equations and complex analysis: he is known for giving the first proof of the Poincaré–Miranda theorem, for Miranda's theorem in complex analysis, and for writing an influential monograph in the theory of elliptic partial differential equations.

Italian Mathematical Union
The Italian Mathematical Union (Italian: Unione Matematica Italiana) is a mathematical society based in Italy.

It was founded on December 7, 1922, by Luigi Bianchi, Vito Volterra, and most notably, Salvatore Pincherle, who became the Union's first President.
Biathlon at the 2010 Winter Olympics
The biathlon competition at the 2010 Winter Olympics were held at Whistler Olympic Park in Whistler, British Columbia. The events were held between the 13th and 26 February 2010.

The men's individual biathlon was notable for the awarding of two silver medals due to two competitors finishing with a tie (48:32.0). No bronze medal was awarded in this event.

In October 2020, the medals won by Evgeny Ustyugov in 2010 were revoked as a result of new tests for doping violations. In November 2024, almost 15 years after the Vancouver Olympic Games, the CAS rejected Ustyugov's appeal for the deprivation of his Olympic medals. In May 2025, the Swiss Federal Tribunal rejected the appeals of Ustyugov, leaving the International Olympic Committee to formally reallocate Ustyugov's medals to other athletes. In September 2025 the IOC Executive Board approved the medal reallocations.

International Biathlon Union
The International Biathlon Union (IBU; German: Internationale Biathlon-Union) is the IOC (International Olympic Committee) authorized  international governing body of biathlon. Its headquarters were in Salzburg, Austria, until May 2020, when the Federation moved to Anif, on the outskirts of the city. It was rocked by a corruption scandal that broke in 2018, concerning the Russians bribing its top two officials. In 2022 Russia and Belarus were suspended from all international biathlon competitions until further notice.
2005 Voyageurs Cup
The 2005 Voyageurs Cup was the fourth Voyageurs Cup tournament which was started by the Canadian supporters group The Voyageurs.  The 2005 Edition of the tournament featured  Montreal Impact, Toronto Lynx and Vancouver Whitecaps.  Professional soccer teams in Edmonton and Calgary ceased being operated by the league and folded at the end of the 2004 season respectively.

The 2005 Voyageurs Cup was won by Montreal Impact who captured the competition in a dominant fashion going undefeated and clinching the competition on August 31, 2005 in their third of four matches. Montreal Impact not only dominated their Canadian rivals but also the league winning ten points clear of the nearest opposition although the 2005 USL First Division was not a balanced home and away competition where each team played the others an equal number of times.

Toronto Lynx
Toronto Lynx was a Canadian soccer team based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Founded in 1997, the team last played in the 2014 season of the Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, in the Great Lakes Division of the Central Conference. The team played its home games at Centennial Park Stadium, where they had played since 2003. The team's colours were white, gold and black. The team had a sister organization, the Toronto Lady Lynx, who played in the women's USL W-League, and also fielded a team in the USL's Super-20 League, a league for players 17 to 20 years of age run under the United Soccer Leagues umbrella.

In 2015, the Lynx men's senior team was incorporated into League1 Ontario side Oakville Blue Devils. In late 2017, the teams merged completely under Oakville's umbrella.
Operation Foxley
Operation Foxley was a code name of the British Special Operations Executive (SOE) plan to assassinate Adolf Hitler in 1944. At the height of World War II, one option to swiftly end the war was killing Hitler. The SOE developed two potential assassination modules, one was to poison, and the other, shooting with a special gun. Although detailed preparations were made, no attempt was made to carry out the plan. The secret document, a 20-page dossier, was declassified in July 1998 by the British Public Record Office following the 30-year confidentiality limit.

Public Record Office
The Public Record Office (abbreviated as PRO, pronounced as three letters and referred to as the PRO), Chancery Lane in the City of London, was the guardian of the national archives of the United Kingdom from 1838 until 2003, when it was merged with the Historical Manuscripts Commission to form The National Archives, based in Kew. It was under the control of the Master of the Rolls, a senior judge. The Public Record Office still exists as a legal entity, as the enabling legislation has not been modified.
Go Where You Wanna Go
"Go Where You Wanna Go" is a 1965 song written by John Phillips.  It was originally recorded by the Mamas & the Papas on their LP If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears and given limited release as a single.  However, the record was withdrawn, and its A-side was reassigned to "California Dreamin'".  The song later became a hit for the 5th Dimension.

If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears
If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears is the debut studio album by the American folk rock vocal group the Mamas & the Papas (stylized as The Mama's and the Papa's), released on February 28, 1966 through Dunhill Records. It is the band's only album to reach number one on the Billboard 200. In the UK, the album was released as The Mama's and the Papa's on June 10, 1966 through RCA Victor, and reached number three on the Record Retailer Albums Chart.

In 2003, If You Can Believe Your Eyes and Ears was ranked number 127 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time, with its rank rising to number 112 in the 2012 revision.
Electra Havemeyer Webb Memorial Building
44°22′29.74″N 73°13′51.6″W﻿ / ﻿44.3749278°N 73.231000°W﻿ / 44.3749278; -73.231000

The Electra Havemeyer Webb Memorial Building is an exhibit building located at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, in the U.S. state of Vermont. It was built as a memorial to the museum's founder, Electra Havemeyer Webb, and her husband, James Watson Webb II. It is home to the museum's European Paintings Collection. The collection is shown in six period rooms relocated from Electra and J. Watson Webb's 1930s New York City apartment at 740 Park Avenue.

Mary Cassatt
Mary Stevenson Cassatt (/kəˈsæt/; May 22, 1844 – June 14, 1926) was an American painter and printmaker. She was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania (now part of Pittsburgh's North Side), but lived much of her adult life in France, where she befriended Edgar Degas and exhibited with the Impressionists. Cassatt often created images of the social and private lives of women, with particular emphasis on the intimate bonds between mothers and children.

She was described by Gustave Geffroy as one of "les trois grandes dames" (the three great ladies) of Impressionism alongside Marie Bracquemond and Berthe Morisot. In 1879,  Diego Martelli compared her to Degas, as they both sought to depict movement, light, and design in the most modern sense. She also played an important role in introducing Impressionism to American collectors, notably through her friendship with the Havemeyer family.
Louis D'Haeseleer
Louis (Lodewijk) Benoît D'Haeseleer (20 October 1911 – 12 August 1988) was a Belgian clerk and liberal politician.

He was the president-founder of the Liberale Sociale Werken of Aalst. He was alderman and burgomaster of Aalst, member of the provincial council of East Flanders, a member of the Belgian parliament, and president of the Liberaal Vlaams Verbond (1966–1967).

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Franz Anton Cramer
Franz Anton Cramer (born 1776 in Paderborn; died May 9, 1829 in Paderborn) was a German court apothecary in Paderborn. Cramer’sche Hofapotheke is the later Adlerapotheke at the Paderborn market. His generous support enabled Friedrich Sertürner to discover morphine. He is the great-grandfather of the writer Hermann Löns.

Hermann Löns
Hermann Löns (29 August 1866 – 26 September 1914) was a German journalist and writer. He is most famous as "The Poet of the Heath" for his novels and poems celebrating the people and landscape of the North German moors, particularly the Lüneburg Heath in Lower Saxony. Löns is well known in Germany for his famous folksongs. He was also a hunter, naturalist and conservationist. Despite being well over the normal recruitment age, Löns enlisted and was killed in World War I and his purported remains were later used by the German government for celebratory purposes.
Oodera
Oodera is the sole genus in the monotypic family Ooderidae. Almost all species are parasatoids of  xylophagous beetles in the families Buprestidae and Curculionidae, however much of their biology is unknown. They are rarely collected especially by common methods used by Chalcidoidea specialists such as malaise traps, sweep nets, and pan traps. Species occur in the warm areas of the Palaeartic, Afrotropical, and Indomalayan regions. Only one species Oodera formosa has been introduced into the new world. Species are one of the most easily distinguished chacloids due to their distinctive morphology.

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.