hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Inverclyde East (ward)
Inverclyde East is one of the seven wards used to elect members to the Inverclyde Council. It elects three Councillors.

The ward includes the large village of Kilmacolm, the smaller settlement of Quarrier's Village, and an elevated rural area to the west that forms part of the Clyde Muirshiel Regional Park. It also covers the eastern parts of Port Glasgow, including the neighborhoods of Bardrainney, Broadfield, Park Farm and Woodhall. As of 2019, the ward had a population of 11,340.

Quarrier's Village
Quarrier's Village or Quarriers Village is a small settlement in the civil parish of Kilmacolm in Inverclyde council area and the historic county of Renfrewshire, in the west Central Lowlands of Scotland. It lies within the Gryffe Valley between the villages of Kilmacolm and Bridge of Weir, falling on the boundary between the modern Inverclyde and Renfrewshire council areas.

Now a residential commuter village, Quarrier's was constructed as the Orphans Homes of Scotland in the late 19th century by philanthropist William Quarrier. In modern times, these orphans' homes and associated buildings have been converted into private housing and some expansion has taken place with new residential development. A charity under the name of Quarriers continues the work of the former homes and is based within the village.
Bulle–Broc railway line
The Bulle–Broc railway line is a railway line in the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. It runs 5.4 kilometres (3.4 mi) from Bulle to Broc-Chocolaterie. It was built in 1912 by the Chemins de fer électriques de la Gruyère (CEG) as a branch from the Palézieux–Bulle–Montbovon railway line. Both lines were 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge. Transports publics Fribourgeois (TPF) closed the line from 2021–2023 for rebuilding as a standard gauge line.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Grytten (surname)
Grytten is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Frode Grytten (born 1960), Norwegian writer and journalist

Harald Grytten (1938–2025), Norwegian philologist and historian

Ingeborg Grytten (c. 1668–c. 1705), Norwegian writer

Ola Honningdal Grytten (born 1964), Norwegian economics historian

Sigurd Grytten (born 1972), Norwegian politician

Torbjørn Grytten (born 1995), Norwegian footballer

Ingeborg Grytten
Ingeborg Andersdatter Grytten (c. 1668 – after 1705) was a Norwegian poet and hymn writer. Grytten and Dorothe Engelbretsdatter were the only known Norwegian poets in the 17th-century. Her life was defined by the onset of leprosy from an early age.
DJ Reset
DJ Reset is a Los Angeles based record producer and mashup musician, best known for his work with Beck, Jay Z, Pharrell Williams, and Janet Jackson. His work has been featured in Rolling Stone, Entertainment Weekly, People, Popular Science, The New Yorker, The New York Times, The New York Times Magazine, The Washington Post, Q Magazine, Mixmag, Billboard, Wired and The Village Voice. DJ Reset has performed guest DJ sets on 106.7 FM KROQ (Los Angeles), 89.9 FM KCRW (Los Angeles), 104.9 FM XFM (London), 102.3 FM OUI FM (Paris), and Sirius Satellite Radio. He has opened for numerous electronic and hip-hop acts including The Chemical Brothers, Fatboy Slim, The Prodigy, Ja Rule, Chingy, Fabolous and 112.

DJ Reset created an original score for an episode of the TV show Biography (A&E Networks). His music has also been featured on 90210 (CW), Made (MTV), and others.

The New York Times Magazine
The New York Times Magazine is an American Sunday magazine included with the Sunday edition of The New York Times. It features articles longer than those typically in the newspaper and has attracted many notable contributors. The magazine is noted for its photography, especially relating to fashion and style.
Vyacheslav Makarov
Vyacheslav Makarov (Russian: Вячеслав Серафимович Макаров; born 7 May 1955) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 8th State Duma. In 1984, Makarov was granted a Candidate of Sciences in History degree.

In September 2003, Makarov was elected deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg. In 2005, he was elected deputy secretary of the political council of the regional branch of the United Russia party in St. Petersburg. In 2007 and 2016, Makarov was re-elected for the Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg of the 4th and 6th convocations. Since September 2021, he has served as deputy of the 8th State Duma.

On 24 March 2022, the United States Treasury sanctioned him in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Candidate of Sciences
A Candidate of Sciences is a PhD-equivalent academic research degree established by the Soviet Union. Since the 1990s, it has been replaced by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in many post-soviet Central and Eastern European countries, but is still offered in others, particularly Russia. It is officially classified by UNESCO as ISCED level 8: doctoral or equivalent. In countries that confer a Candidate of Sciences degree, a more advanced degree, Doctor of Sciences, is usually conferred as a higher doctorate.

The Candidate of Sciences degree may be recognized as a Doctor of Philosophy, usually in natural sciences, by scientific institutions in other countries.
Olga Briscorn
Olga Konstantinovna Strukova Briscorn (née Mavrogeni; 1776 – 1836), nicknamed The Kursk Saltychikha, was a wealthy Russian landowner and socialite, as well as torturer and serial killer of her own serfs, who operated in the Kursk, Yekaterinoslav, and Saint Petersburg Governorates. She owned households in the capital, and other estates in Pyataya Gora, Prilepy, and Khomutovka.

Yekaterinoslav Governorate
Yekaterinoslav Governorate was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, with its capital in Yekaterinoslav. Covering an area of 63,392 km2 (24,476 mi2), and being composed of a inhabitant of 2,113,674 by the census of 1897, it bordered Poltava Governorate to the north, Don Host Oblast to the east, Sea of Azov to the southeast, Taurida Governorate to the south, and Kherson Governorate to the west, and covered the area of the Luhansk, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk, and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of modern Ukraine.
S. N. Arya
Shyam Narayan Arya is an Indian physician, writer and the former National Professor and dean of the College of General practitioners of the Indian Medical Association (IMA_GP). He has published several medical papers and monographs, has contributed chapters to books published by others and has delivered keynote addresses in many medical conferences. He is an alumnus of the Patna Medical College and Hospital of the Patna University and a Fellow of the Indian Association of Clinical Medicine (IACM), where he has served as its National President. He is a recipient of the Dr. B. C. Roy Award, the highest Indian medical award. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2008, for his contributions to medicine.

India portal

Medicine portal

Patna University
Patna University (PU) is a Public State University located in Patna, Bihar, India. It was established on 1 October 1917 during the British Raj. It is the first university in Bihar and the seventh oldest university in the Indian subcontinent in the modern era. The university offers various undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses.
Puritan Village
Puritan Village: The Formation of a New England Town is a nonfiction history book by American historian Sumner Chilton Powell published in 1963 by Wesleyan University Press, which won the 1964 Pulitzer Prize for History.  It minutely examines the records of Sudbury, Massachusetts from 1638-1660 to show how the town developed mainly from emigrants from Watertown, Massachusetts, tracing every settler back to England, concluding that there were no typical "English" towns and no typical "Puritans".

Watertown, Massachusetts
Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, part of Greater Boston. The population was 35,329 in the 2020 census. Its neighborhoods include Bemis, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square, and the West End.

Watertown was one of the first Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements organized by Puritan settlers in 1630. The city is home to the Perkins School for the Blind, the Armenian Library and Museum of America, and the historic Watertown Arsenal, which produced military armaments from 1816 through World War II.
Viktor Rydberg
Abraham Viktor Rydberg (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːbraham ˈvɪ̌kːtɔr ˈrŷːdbærj]; 18 December 1828 – 21 September 1895) was a Swedish writer and a member of the Swedish Academy, 1877–1895. "Primarily a classical idealist", Viktor Rydberg has been described as "Sweden's last Romantic" and by 1859 was "generally regarded in the first rank of Swedish novelists."

Benjamin Kidd
Benjamin Kidd (9 September 1858 – 2 October 1916) was a British sociologist whose first job was a civil service clerk, but by persistent self-education, he became internationally famous by the publication of his book Social Evolution in 1894. Kidd argued that the "evolution of society and of modern civilization" is caused not by reason or science, but by the force of "religious beliefs." The book had worldwide circulation and impacted the Social Gospel movement.

Kidd is reckoned as a founder of sociology as a discipline. Influenced by Darwinism and evolution, Kidd sought and found analogies between the evolution of human society and of the biological organism.

Kidd's prolific writings had a major impact at the time. However, the world was so different after the First World War that Kidd's work became relegated to historical interest.
John Jolly
John Jolly (Cherokee: Ahuludegi; also known as Oolooteka) was a leader of the Cherokee in Tennessee, the Arkansas district of the Missouri Territory, and Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). After a reorganization of the tribal government around 1818, he was made Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation–West. Jolly was a wealthy slave-owning planter, cow rancher, and merchant. In many ways, he lived the life of a Southern planter.

Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.
Mário Wallace Simonsen
Mário Wallace Simonsen (21 February 1909 – 24 March 1965) was a Brazilian entrepreneur and businessman.

Simonsen was born in Santos, São Paulo.  The owner of a business conglomerate of over 30 companies, including Panair do Brasil, TV Excelsior, and coffee export company Comal (at a time when coffee made up two-thirds of the country's exports), Simonsen became one of the wealthiest and most influential men of Brazil. After the 1964 coup d'état, Simonsen was attacked by politicians and journalists in one of the largest defamation campaigns ever in Brazilian history, because of his support for overthrown president João Goulart. He died in exile at age 56 in Orgeval, a village near Paris. His remains are buried at the Batignolles cemetery, in the French capital.

João Goulart
João Belchior Marques Goulart (/ˈʒwaʊn/ ZHWOWN; Brazilian Portuguese: [ʒuˈɐ̃w bewkiˈɔʁ ˈmaʁkiz ɡuˈlaʁ]; 1 March 1919 – 6 December 1976), commonly known as Jango, was a Brazilian politician who served as the president of Brazil from 1961 until a military coup d'état deposed him in 1964. He was considered the last left-wing president of Brazil until Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office in 2003.
Stonecutters Bridge
Stonecutters Bridge is a high level cable-stayed bridge spanning the Rambler Channel in Hong Kong, connecting Nam Wan Kok, Tsing Yi to Stonecutters Island. The bridge deck was completed on 7 April 2009, and opened to traffic on 20 December that year. The bridge was the second-longest cable-stayed span in the world at the time of its completion.

The approaches at Tsing Yi and Stonecutters Island are located near Container Terminal 9 and Container Terminal 8, respectively.

The bridge is part of Hong Kong's Route 8, connecting Sha Tin, Cheung Sha Wan, Tsing Yi island, Ma Wan and Lantau Island. Other major constructions along the route are Nam Wan Tunnel (completed in 2008), Eagle's Nest Tunnel (completed in 2008), Sha Tin Heights Tunnel (completed in 2008), Tsing Ma Bridge (completed in 1997) and Kap Shui Mun Bridge (completed in 1997).

Ma Wan
Ma Wan is an island in Hong Kong, located between Lantau Island and Tsing Yi Island. Administratively, it is part of the Tsuen Wan District and has an area of 0.97 square kilometres (240 acres).

The Lantau Link that passes through Ma Wan was constructed in the mid-1990s as part of the Hong Kong Government's Rose Garden plan to connect the newly built Hong Kong International Airport to the city centre. Its development fostered plans to develop the island. Today, a large part of Ma Wan is occupied by the Park Island apartment complex. A theme park, named Ma Wan Park, was built to accompany the housing project, with its first phase opened on 1 July 2007.
Arthur N. Neu Airport
Arthur N. Neu Airport (IATA: CIN, ICAO: KCIN, FAA LID: CIN) is a public airport five miles southeast of Carroll, in Carroll County, Iowa. Also known as Arthur N. Neu Municipal Airport, it was established at its current location in the 1940s.

Carroll County, Iowa
Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,760. Its county seat is Carroll. The county is named in honor of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, signer of the Declaration of Independence.
United States Post Office and Courthouse (Shreveport, Louisiana)
The U.S. Post Office and Courthouse in Shreveport, Louisiana, was built in 1910.  It was designed in Italian Renaissance architecture style by James K. Taylor and James A. Wetmore. It served historically as a courthouse and as a post office.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974 and became a contributing property of Shreveport Commercial Historic District at the time of its creation on March 11, 1982.

In 1974 all federal offices vacated the building. It is currently a branch of the Shreve Memorial Library.

James A. Wetmore
James Alfonso Wetmore (November 1863 – March 14, 1940) was an American lawyer and administrator, best known as the Acting Supervising Architect of the U.S. Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department from 1915 through 1933.

Wetmore is frequently and incorrectly described as the "architect" of the many federal buildings that bear his name. He was a long-time civil servant in the Treasury Department, and was not a professional architect. As Supervising Architect, he managed a staff of nearly 1700 architects and draftsmen who designed at least 2000 federal government buildings, including courthouses and post offices.
FK-4000
The FK-4000 is a high-power microwave (HPM) air defense system developed by the China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC). It was unveiled by CASIC at the Zhuhai Airshow 2024.

The FK-4000 system consists of a large phased array microwave emitter capable of generating rapid electromagnetic pulses (EMP) and a fire-control radar, an electro-optical system, which are all mounted on a Shaanxi SX2306 cross-country truck chassis. The FK-4000 system can operate independently or grouped together to form an air defense network. It can also work collaboratively with the FK-3000 missile-based air defense system.  The usage of EMP is considered economically beneficial for targeting asymmetric threats. The FK-4000 system can damage and neutralize small drones and drone swarm with a directional area and at a range of 3 km (1.9 mi).

China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition
China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition (中国国际航空航天博览会), also known as the Airshow China (中国航展) and Zhuhai Airshow (珠海航展), is a biennial international aerospace trade expo held in Zhuhai, Guangdong, since 1996. It is the largest airshow in China.
When All Else Fails (Bracket album)
When All Else Fails is the fifth album by Californian punk rock band Bracket, released on May 9, 2000, through Fat Wreck Chords.  The album would be the first to feature guitarist Angelo Celli, who replaced founding member Larry Tinney the previous year.

Fat Wreck Chords
Fat Wreck Chords (pronounced "Fat Records") is an independent record label based in San Francisco focused on punk rock. It was started by NOFX lead singer Michael Burkett (better known as Fat Mike) and his wife at the time, Erin Burkett in 1990. As of 2009, Fat Wreck Chords released over 300 studio albums.
Stayaway Skerries
Stayaway Skerries (64°45′S 64°18′W﻿ / ﻿64.750°S 64.300°W﻿ / -64.750; -64.300) is a group of rocks and low-lying reefs awash, lying 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km) south of Cape Monaco, off the southwest coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago. Surveyed by the British Naval Hydrographic Survey Unit in 1956–57. So named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) as a caution to mariners; the group has patches of shoal water extending for some distance from it and should be given a wide berth.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Stayaway Skerries". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Lance Mason
Lance Timothy Mason (born August 26, 1967) is a convicted murderer and former American politician, government official, and judge, who served in various offices in and representing Cleveland, Ohio.

As a judge, he served on the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas. He was a member of the Ohio Senate, representing the 25th District from 2007 to 2008. From 2002 to 2006, he was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, where he served as Assistant Minority Whip during his final year. He was also an assistant prosecuting attorney for the county and was an aide to U.S. Representative Stephanie Tubbs Jones. In 2017, he worked as an official for the city of Cleveland under mayor Frank G. Jackson.

In 2019, he was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 35 years for the murder of his ex-wife.

Cuyahoga County, Ohio
Cuyahoga County (/ˌkaɪ.əˈhɒɡə/ KY-ə-HOG-ə or /ˌkaɪ.əˈhoʊɡə/ KY-ə-HOH-gə, see Cuyahoga River § Pronunciation) is a large urban county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The county seat and most populous city is Cleveland. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,264,817, making it the second-most populous county in the state.

Cuyahoga County is situated on the southern shore of Lake Erie, across the U.S.–Canada maritime border. The county is bisected by the Cuyahoga River, after which it was named. "Cuyahoga" is an Iroquoian word meaning "crooked river". It is the core county of the Cleveland, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area and Cleveland–Akron–Canton, OH Combined Statistical Area.
Saturn (alligator)
Saturn (Russian: Сату́рн, IPA: [sɐˈturn]; 1936 – 22 May 2020) was an American alligator residing in the Moscow Zoo. He was the subject of an urban myth that he was previously Adolf Hitler's "pet alligator".

After hatching in Mississippi, Saturn was brought to Nazi Germany, residing at the Berlin Zoological Garden. It was here that his association with Adolf Hitler originated, as Hitler reportedly enjoyed visiting the zoo and especially liked the alligator. However, while Hitler may have viewed Saturn at the zoo, he was never Hitler's personal pet. During World War II, the Berlin Zoo was destroyed, but Saturn was discovered by British soldiers three years later. The British then gave the alligator to the Soviets in 1946. He lived at the Moscow Zoo until 22 May 2020, when he died of old age.

Urban legend
Urban legend (sometimes modern legend, urban myth, or simply legend) is a genre of folklore concerning stories about an unusual (usually scary) or humorous event that many people believe to be true but largely are not.

These legends can be entertaining but often concern mysterious and troubling events, such as disappearances and strange objects or entities. Urban legends may confirm moral standards, reflect prejudices, or be a way to make sense of societal anxieties.

In the past, urban legends were most often circulated orally, at gatherings and around the campfire for instance. Now, they can be spread by any media, including newspapers, mobile news apps, e-mail, and most often, social media.  Some urban legends have passed through the years/decades with only minor changes, in where the time period takes place. Generic urban legends are often altered to suit regional variations, but the lesson or moral generally remains the same.
Börde
A börde (German pronunciation: [ˈbœʁdə]; plural: börden [ˈbœʁdn̩]) is a region of highly fertile lowland in North Germany, a "fertile plain". These landscapes often cover great areas and are particularly important for arable farming on account of their rich soils.

These regions coincide closely with areas of flat, fertile loess soil and few trees. Börden are found in Germany, especially in the North German Old Drift region on the northern edges of Central Uplands. The resulting black earth soils are some of the best soils in Germany.

Chernozem
Chernozem (/ˈtʃɜːrnəzɛm/ CHUR-nə-zem), also called black soil, black earth, dark earth, regur soil or black cotton soil, is a black-colored soil containing a high percentage of humus (4% to 16%) and high percentages of phosphorus and ammonia compounds. Chernozem is very fertile and can produce high agricultural yields with its high moisture-storage capacity. However, prolonged agricultural use of chernozems still require replenishment with fertilizers because they easily can get depleted of nutrients through continuous decrease in humus content. Chernozems are a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB).