hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Music of Andalusia
The Music of Andalusia encompasses a range of traditional and modern musical genres which originate in the region of Andalusia in southern Spain. The most famous are copla and flamenco, the latter being sometimes used as a portmanteau term for various regional musical traditions within Andalusia. Today, Andalusia has a rich and thriving musical scene, which draws from its own musical traditions as well as from external influences such as salsa, jazz or pop music.

Naqareh
The naqareh, naqqāra, nagara or nagada is a Middle Eastern drum with a rounded back and a hide head, usually played in pairs. It is thus a membranophone of the kettle drum variety.

The term naqqāra (نقاره), also نقارات naqqarat, naqqarah, naqqåre, nakkare, nagora comes from the Urdu verb naqr- that means "to strike, beat".

The instrument was also adopted in Europe following the Crusades, and known as the naccaire or naker.
For Frihed
For Frihed ("For Freedom")da is a Danish organisation that supports free speech, and opposes what it sees as Islamisation and fundamentalist Islam in Denmark. The organisation was originally part of the Pegida movement, and is part of the broader counter-jihad movement.

Islamic fundamentalism
Islamic fundamentalism has been defined as a revivalist and reform movement of Muslims who aim to return to the founding scriptures of Islam. The term has been used interchangeably with similar terms such as Islamism, Islamic revivalism, Qutbism, Islamic activism, and has been criticized as pejorative.

Some of the beliefs attributed to Islamic fundamentalists are that the primary sources of Islam (the Quran, Hadith, and Sunnah), should be interpreted in a literal and originalist way; that corrupting non-Islamic influences should be eliminated from every part of Muslims' lives; and that the societies, economies, and governance of Muslim-majority countries should return to the fundamentals of Islam, the system of Islam, and become  Islamic states.
Magic Valley Christian School
Magic Valley Christian School was a private, non-denominational Christian school in Jerome, Idaho serving the Magic Valley region including Jerome, Twin Falls, Idaho and surrounding areas of Southern Idaho. The school closed permanently in 2011.

Southern Idaho
Southern Idaho is a generic geographical term roughly analogous with the areas of the U.S. state of Idaho located in the Mountain Time Zone. It particularly refers to the combined areas of the Boise metropolitan area, the Magic Valley and Eastern Idaho.

Major cities in southern Idaho include Boise, Caldwell, Nampa, Meridian, Pocatello, Idaho Falls and Twin Falls.
Homeland card
The Homeland card (Spanish: Carnet de la patria) is a Venezuelan identity document that includes a unique personalized QR code. It was created in 2016 by the Venezuelan government with the objective of knowing the socioeconomic status of the population and streamlining the system of the Bolivarian missions and that of the local committees of supply and production (CLAP).

The document has a digital wallet that is articulated within a state electronic payment system and in which carriers can also receive different monetary bonds from the Venezuelan State.

The use of the card has been reported as a possible method of social control, a policy of social exclusion as well as coercion and vote buying during the 2017 Venezuelan regional elections, the 2017 Venezuelan municipal elections, the 2018 Venezuelan presidential election and the 2020 parliamentary election.

Social control
Social control is the regulations, sanctions, mechanisms, and systems that restrict the behaviour of individuals in accordance with social norms and orders. Through both informal and formal means, individuals and groups exercise social control both internally and externally. As an area of social science, social control is studied by researchers of various fields, including anthropology, criminology, law, political science, and sociology.

Social control is considered one of the foundations of social order. Sociologists identify two basic forms of social control. Informal means of control refer to the internalization of norms and values through socialization. Formal means comprise external sanctions enforced by government to prevent the establishment of chaos or anomie in society. Some theorists, such as Émile Durkheim, refer to formal control as regulation.
Suhma kingdom
Suhma kingdom was an ancient kingdom during the Late Vedic period on the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal. The Capital of the kingdom was Tamralipta present day Tamluk. The kingdom included present day districts of undivided Midnapore (Tamralipta) and parts of Hoogly and Howrah of West Bengal. This kingdom was mentioned in the epic Mahabharata along with its neighbouring kingdom Prasuhma.

Midnapore district
Midnapore (Pron: mad̪aːniːpur), or sometimes Medinipur, is a former district in the Indian state of West Bengal, headquartered in Midnapore. On 1 January 2002, the district was bifurcated into two separate districts namely Purba Medinipur and Paschim Medinipur. It was the largest district of West Bengal by area and population at the time of bifurcation.
Giant ghost-faced bat
The giant ghost-faced bat (Mormoops magna) is a prehistoric species of bat that was endemic to the Caribbean. It is only known from fragmental humerus remains, which physically resemble those of Mormoops megalophylla but are larger in size.

This bat species became extinct between 7500-9000 years ago.

Humerus
The humerus (/ˈhjuːmərəs/; pl.: humeri) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a rounded head, a narrow neck, and two short processes (tubercles, sometimes called tuberosities). The shaft is cylindrical in its upper portion, and more prismatic below. The lower extremity consists of 2 epicondyles, 2 processes (trochlea and capitulum), and 3 fossae (radial fossa, coronoid fossa, and olecranon fossa). As well as its true anatomical neck, the constriction below the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus is referred to as its surgical neck due to its tendency to fracture, thus often becoming the focus of surgeons.
Shartegosuchidae
Shartegosuchidae is an extinct family of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous crocodyliforms. The family is named after the Late Jurassic Shar Teeg Beds in southwestern Mongolia, from which most shartegosuchid remains have been found. Five genera are currently assigned to Shartegosuchidae: Shartegosuchus, Nominosuchus,  Kyasuchus, Adzhosuchus, and Fruitachampsa. Shartegosuchus, Nominosuchus, and Adzhosuchus all come from Shar Teeg, while Kyasuchus is known from the Early Cretaceous of Russia. Fruitachampsa is known from the Late Jurassic Morrison Formation of the western United States.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Gallery Place station
Gallery Place station is a Washington Metro station in Washington, D.C., United States, on the Green, Yellow and Red Lines. It is one of the 4 major transfer points, a transfer station between the Red Line on the upper level and the Green/Yellow Lines on the lower level.

Gallery Place is located in Northwest Washington, with entrances at 7th and F, 7th and H, and 9th and G Streets. The station's only street elevator is north of F Street on the east side of 7th Street. The station, which is beneath Capital One Arena, serves that arena and the surrounding Chinatown and Penn Quarter neighborhoods in downtown Washington.

H Street (Washington, D.C.)
H Street is a set of east–west streets in several of the quadrants of Washington, D.C. It is also used as an alternate name for the Near Northeast neighborhood, as H Street NW/NE is the neighborhood's main commercial strip.
Nankang–Dynatek
Nankang–Dynatek (UCI team code: NAN) was a UCI Continental cycling team founded in 2013 that disbanded after the 2015 season. It was originally sponsored by Ceramica Flaminia, an Italian tile manufacturer which previously sponsored the Ceramica Flaminia team between 2005 and 2010, and was based in Lucca, Tuscany, Italy. Ceramica Flaminia-Fondriest was established as a development squad for Tinkoff. It was later sponsored by Nankang, a tire company, and was based in Serbia.

Ivan Stević
Ivan Stević (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван Стевић; born 12 March 1980) is a Serbian former professional road bicycle racer. He turned professional in 2005, riding for the Aerospace Engineering-VMG squad, before joining Toyota-United in 2006, the year he won the road race at the Serbian National Road Championships.
William A. T. Maddox
William A. T. Maddox (1814 – January 1, 1889) was an officer in the United States Marine Corps.

Born in Charles County, Maryland, in 1814, commanded a volunteer company in the Creek and Seminole Wars in 1836, and was appointed 2nd lieutenant in the Marine Corps on October 14, 1837.

On September 12, 1846, while serving in the Mexican–American War, Lieutenant Maddox was appointed by Commodore Robert F. Stockton (commander of all US forces in California at the time) to be Military Commandant of the Middle District of California (one of three districts set up by Stockton).

The next year, he was breveted captain for "gallant and meritorious conduct" during a Mexican uprising at Monterey and during the Battle of Santa Clara, California, January 3, 1847. Monterey was within the Middle District, while Santa Clara was in the Northern District.

Captain Maddox retired in 1880 and died in Washington, D.C.

Charles County, Maryland
Charles County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 166,617. The county seat is La Plata. The county was named for Charles Calvert (1637–1715), third Baron Baltimore. The county is part of the Southern Maryland region of the state. With a median household income of $103,678, Charles County is the 39th-wealthiest county in the United States as of 2020, and the highest-income county in the United States with a Black-majority population.
Rafflesia cantleyi
Rafflesia cantleyi is a parasitic plant species of the genus Rafflesia. It can be found in Peninsular Malaysia and Pulau Tioman, an island off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. This species is almost identical to R. hasseltii, except for the number of warts on the perigone lobes of the two species. Another distinctive feature of R. cantleyi is its ability to form flowers on the aerial portions of its host Tetrastigma.

R. cantleyi was named after Nathaniel Cantley, curator of the Singapore Botanic Gardens.

Tioman Island
Tioman Island (Malay: Pulau Tioman) is 32 kilometres (20 miles), off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, more specifically off the east coast of Rompin District, Pahang, Malaysia. It is 39 kilometres (24 miles) long and 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) wide and has seven villages, the largest and most populous being Kampung Tekek on the central western coast. The densely forested island is sparsely inhabited, and is surrounded by numerous coral reefs, making it a popular scuba diving, snorkelling, and surfing spot. There are many resorts and chalets for tourists around the island, which has duty-free status.

The island is accessed via ferry service from the coastal town of Mersing and Teluk Gading, as well as by air, run by a regular private service from Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport (formerly Subang International Airport) in Selangor.
Catocala robinsonii
Catocala robinsonii, or Robinson's underwing, is a moth of the family Erebidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1872. It is found in North America from southern Ontario and New Hampshire south to Florida west to Oklahoma, Missouri and Arkansas and northward to Illinois, Indiana, and Michigan (where it is rare).

The wingspan is 70–80 mm. Adults are on wing from July to October depending on the location. There is probably one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Carya ovata, Juglans and Quercus alba.

Augustus Radcliffe Grote
Augustus Radcliffe Grote (February 7, 1841 – September 12, 1903) was a British entomologist who described over 1,000 species of butterflies and moths. He is best known for his work on North American Noctuidae. A number of species were named after him, including the moth Horama grotei.
Green Canyon High School
Green Canyon High School is a high school in North Logan, Utah. It is part of Cache County School District. Green Canyon first opened in the Fall of 2017 by dividing Sky View High School to the north. The high school serves the communities of North Logan, Hyde Park, Newton, Clarkston, and Cache Junction. 
The mascot is/are the wolves with the colors being green and silver. The school was named after Green Canyon just east of North Logan along 1900 North Street. 
The current principal is Jim Crosbie.

Clarkston, Utah
Clarkston is a town in Cache County, Utah, United States. The population was 749 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Logan, Utah-Idaho Metropolitan Statistical Area. The community celebration is held in June each year and is known as The Pony Express Days.

Clarkston is noted for being the last home of Martin Harris, one of the Three Witnesses of the Book of Mormon. He is buried in Clarkston, and every other year a pageant commemorates his life. The pageant was discontinued in 2018.

Notable local wildlife includes mule deer, sharp-tailed grouse, and pheasant.
The Bird of Truth
The Bird of Truth (Spanish: El Pájaro de la Verdad) is a Spanish fairy tale collected by Cecilia Böhl de Faber in her Cuentos de encantamiento. Andrew Lang included it in The Orange Fairy Book.

It is related to the motif of the calumniated wife and classified in the international Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as type ATU 707, "The Three Golden Children". These tales refer to stories where a girl promises a king she will bear a child or children with wonderful attributes, but her jealous relatives or the king's wives plot against the babies and their mother. Variants are widely collected from Iberian tradition, in the many languages of Spain.

Languages of Spain
The majority of languages of Spain belong to the Romance language family, of which Spanish is the only one with official status in the whole country. Others, including Catalan/Valencian (in Catalonia, Valencia and the Balearic Islands) and Galician (in Galicia), enjoy official status in their respective autonomous regions, similar to Basque in the northeast of the country (a non-Romance language isolate). A number of other languages and dialects belonging to the Romance continuum exist in Spain, such as Aragonese, Asturian, Fala and Aranese Occitan.
2022 East–West Shrine Bowl
The 2022 East–West Shrine Bowl was the 97th edition of the all–star college football exhibition to benefit Shriners Hospital for Children. The game was played at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada, on February 3, 2022, at 5:00 p.m. PST, televised on the NFL Network. It was one of the final 2021–22 bowl games concluding the 2021 FBS football season. The game featured NCAA players (predominantly from the Football Bowl Subdivision) and one invitee from Canadian university football—Deionte Knight, a defensive lineman from the Western Mustangs.

Paradise, Nevada
Paradise is an unincorporated town and census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Nevada, United States, adjacent to the city of Las Vegas. It was formed on December 8, 1950. Its population was 191,238 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous CDP in the United States; if it were an incorporated city, it would be the fifth-largest in Nevada. As an unincorporated town, it is governed by the Clark County Commission with input from the Paradise Town Advisory Board.

Paradise contains Harry Reid International Airport; the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV); the majority of the Las Vegas Strip; and most of the tourist attractions in the Las Vegas area (excluding downtown). However, all Paradise addresses, as well as other unincorporated areas in the Las Vegas Valley, have "Las Vegas" addresses.
What the Butler Saw (The Avengers)
"What the Butler Saw" is the twenty-second episode of the fourth series of the 1960s British spy-fi television series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Diana Rigg. It was first broadcast by Scottish Television on Tuesday 22 February 1966. ABC Weekend Television, who commissioned the show, broadcast it in its own regions four days later on Saturday 26 February. The episode was directed by Bill Bain and teleplayed by Brian Clemens.

Spy-fi (subgenre)
Spy-fi is a subgenre of spy fiction that includes elements of science fiction, and is often associated with the Cold War. Features of spy-fi include the effects of technology on the espionage trade and the technological gadgets used by the characters, even though the technologies and gadgets portrayed are well beyond contemporary scientific reality.
Jagdev Chandra
Air Commodore Jagdev Chandra, (Punjabi) (6 October 1916 – 19 Apr 1991), Royal Indian Air force and later one of the first recruits of Indian Air Force, was a war veteran, served with excellence in Burma during World War II. Was born in Peshawar, to a Punjabi family of repute, father a doctor and brother, the popular politician and Gandhian Jag Pravesh Chandra. He quit medical school to join J.R.D Tata as one of his first few students in flying. He joined the Royal Indian Air Force and was commissioned on 1 August 1940. He served as squadron leader and CO of the No.4 Squadron.

He is survived by wife Late Kanta Chandra and his two children, son Dr. Rajiv Chandra, and daughter Rashmi Solanki.

No. 4 Squadron RAF
No. 4  Squadron, also known as No. IV Squadron, is a squadron of the Royal Air Force. Since November 2011, it has operated the BAE Hawk T2 from RAF Valley, Anglesey, Wales. The squadron provides weapons and tactics training for student pilots after they have completed their conversion to jet aircraft with No. XXV(F) Squadron. Between 1970 and January 2011, the squadron operated various variants of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier and British Aerospace Harrier II.
Ernst Schnéevoigt
Ernst Bernhard Schnéevoigt (1835 - 1905) was a German-born conductor who moved to Finland.

Schnéevoigt grew up in and obtained his music education in Germany. He traveled to Helsinki in 1860 to play in the Filip von Schantz Orchestra, after that he moved to Stockholm for a year with the orchestra. Schnéevoigt returned to Finland to live in Vyborg, where he conducted orchestral activities from 1869 to 1878.

Schnéevoigt was married to Rosa Willandt, with whom he had five children: Adèle Ernestine Trebbe, Elsa Emilia Schnéevoigt, Siri Schnéevoigt, Georg Schnéevoigt and Anna Gerda Schnéevoigt.

Filip von Schantz
John Filip von Schantz (17 January 1835 – 24 July 1865) was a Finnish composer and musician. Born in Ulvila, he left Helsinki in 1855 after being expelled from University of Helsinki, deciding to devote himself to music. The following year he began studies in violin and composition in Stockholm and continued them at Leipzig in Germany in 1857–1860.

In 1860 he was employed as conductor at the Swedish Theatre in Helsinki. When the Swedish Theatre burned down in 1863 he began performing at Berns Salonger in Stockholm, Sweden. He also performed in Gothenburg, Sweden, and Copenhagen, Denmark, before falling ill and returning to Finland in 1864. He died in Helsinki.
Fixin' to Die Blues
"Fixin' to Die Blues" is a song by American blues musician Bukka White.   It is performed in the Delta blues style with White's vocal and guitar accompanied by washboard rhythm.  White recorded it in Chicago on May 8, 1940, for record producer Lester Melrose.  The song was written just days before, along with eleven others, at Melrose's urging.

Delta blues
Delta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues. It originated in the Mississippi Delta and is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of the style. Vocal styles in Delta blues range from introspective and soulful to passionate and fiery.
Chuah (state constituency)
Chuah is a state constituency in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly
The Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Sembilan) is the state legislature of the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan. It consists of 36 members who represent single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, and are usually conducted simultaneously with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies (except Sarawak). It is unicameral.

The Assembly convenes at the Wisma Negeri in the state capital, Seremban.
1985 NCAA men's volleyball tournament
The 1985 NCAA men's volleyball tournament was the 16th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate volleyball. The tournament was played at Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California during May 1985.

Pepperdine defeated USC in the final match, 3–1 (10–15, 15–10, 15–7, 15–3), to win their second national title. The Waves (25–2) were coached by Marv Dunphy.

Pepperdines's Bob Ctvrtlik was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Ctvrtlik, along with six other players, comprised the All-tournament team.

Pepperdine Waves
The Pepperdine Waves are the athletics teams of Pepperdine University, located outside the city of Malibu, California. They compete at the Division I level of the NCAA. The school is a member of the West Coast Conference for the majority of its programs. Pepperdine University was recently ranked by the Sears Cup as having the most successful athletic program for non-football Division I schools (Stanford was ranked the most successful Division I athletic program with football). Pepperdine University sponsors seventeen NCAA Division I intercollegiate athletics teams. There are also several intercollegiate sports clubs such as men's soccer, men's and women's lacrosse, surf team, Ultimate Frisbee and men's rugby.

Pepperdine's chief athletic rival is the Loyola Marymount Lions, who are also in the WCC.