hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raja mauritaniensis
Raja mauritaniensis, commonly known as the African ray, is a species of ray in the family Rajidae. It is found at depths of 50–400 m (160–1,310 ft) in the eastern Atlantic Ocean off Mauritania and Tunisia.

This species was described in 1977, but the currently used scientific name is a homonym, preoccupied by Raja africana Bloch & Schneider, 1801, which is a synonym of Urogymnus asperrimus. Consequently, a replacement scientific name is needed for the African ray. Furthermore, the validity of the African ray has been questioned, with some suggesting that its type specimen may be an aberrant R. miraletus or R. straeleni.

Skate (fish)
Skates are cartilaginous fish belonging to the family Rajidae in the superorder Batoidea of rays. More than 150 species have been described, in 17 genera. Softnose skates and pygmy skates were previously treated as subfamilies of Rajidae (Arhynchobatinae and Gurgesiellinae), but are now considered as distinct families. Alternatively, the name "skate" is used to refer to the entire order of Rajiformes (families Anacanthobatidae, Arhynchobatidae, Gurgesiellidae and Rajidae).

Members of Rajidae are distinguished by a stiff snout and a rostrum that is not reduced.
Nimtala Crematorium
Nimtala Crematorium is located on Beadon Street, Kolkata, India. The crematorium has been historically known as Nimtala burning ghat, or simply Nimtala ghat. Located on the banks of the Hoogly (Ganga) just like the Manikarnika Ghat in Varanasi; it is considered to be one of the holiest burning ghats in the country where the soul is said to attain moksha, ie. breaking the cycle of birth and death. So people across the country comes here for the cremation of their loved ones. It is also one of the largest burning ghats in India.

Crematorium
A crematorium, crematory or cremation center is a venue for the cremation of the dead. Modern crematoria contain at least one cremator (also known as a crematory, retort or cremation chamber), a purpose-built furnace. In some countries a crematorium can also be a venue for open-air cremation. In many countries, crematoria contain facilities for funeral homes, such as a chapel. Some cemeteries or crematoria also incorporate a columbarium, a place for interring cremation ashes.
Cinnamon teal
The cinnamon teal (Spatula cyanoptera) is a species of duck found in western North and South America. It is a small dabbling duck, with bright reddish plumage on the male and duller brown plumage on the female. It lives in marshes and ponds, and feeds mostly on plants. The cinnamon teal duck is closely related to the north american dabbling duck.(Wilson et al.)

Anatinae
The Anatinae are a subfamily of the family Anatidae (swans, geese, and ducks). Its surviving members are the dabbling ducks, which feed mainly at the surface rather than by diving. The other members of the Anatinae are the extinct moa-nalo, a young but highly apomorphic lineage derived from the dabbling ducks.

Much debate exists about the systematical status and which ducks belong to the Anatinae. Some taxonomic authorities only include the dabbling ducks and their close relatives, the extinct moa-nalos. Alternatively, the Anatinae are considered to include most "ducks", and the dabbling ducks to form a tribe Anatini within these. The classification as presented here more appropriately reflects the remaining uncertainty about the interrelationships of the major lineages of Anatidae (waterfowl).
Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin
Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin, MBE, TD (30 July 1914 – 25 April 1999) was an Irish journalist, author, sports official, and the sixth president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), serving from 1972 to 1980. He succeeded his uncle as Baron Killanin in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1927, when he was 12, which allowed him to sit in the House of Lords at the Palace of Westminster as Lord Killanin upon turning 21.

Territorial Decoration
The Territorial Decoration (TD) was a military medal of the United Kingdom awarded for long service in the Territorial Force and its successor, the Territorial Army.

This award superseded the Volunteer Officer's Decoration when the Territorial Force was formed on 1 April 1908, following the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907, (7 Edw.7, c.9) which was a large reorganisation of the old Volunteer Army and the remaining units of militia and Yeomanry.  However, the Militia were transferred to the Special Reserve rather than becoming part of the Territorial Force. Recipients of this award are entitled to use the letters "TD" after their name (post-nominal).
Copa Amazonas
The Copa Amazonas (English: Amazonas Cup) was the association football state cup of Amazonas, organized by the Federação Amazonense de Futebol (FAF), in order to decide one of the representatives of the state at the Copa Verde.

Copa Verde
The Copa Verde (English: Green Cup) is an annual regional knockout football competition in Brazil that started in 2014, and played by 24 teams from the North and Central-West regions, plus Espírito Santo (Espírito Santo state was included because they competed in the old Copa Centro Oeste).

Initially, the champion of the tournament gained a place in the  next year's Copa Sudamericana. With the changes implemented by CONMEBOL in 2016, the winners no longer qualify for the Copa Sudamericana. The champion will now have a spot in the third round of the Copa do Brasil of the following year. The cup is organized by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF), with two-legged playoff games played from between the 24 participating teams.
Bárbara Navarro
Bárbara Navarro (born 9 April 1973) is a Spanish former professional tennis player.

Navarro began competing on the professional tour in the early 1990s and reached a career best singles ranking of 247 in the world. During this time she qualified for two WTA Tour main draws, the 1991 Brasil Open and 1992 Spanish Open. She featured in the qualifying draw for the 1992 Wimbledon Championships.

From 1996 to 1998, Navarro played collegiate tennis for the Baylor Bears and was named Big 12 Newcomer of the Year for 1997. Following her stint in the United States she returned to the tour.

Baylor Bears
The Baylor Bears are the athletic teams that represent Baylor University. The teams participate in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as one of only three private school members of the Big 12 Conference. Prior to joining the Big 12, Baylor was a member of the Southwest Conference from their charter creation in 1914 until its dissolution in 1996. Baylor is also a founding member of the Big 12 Conference.
White Banners
White Banners is a 1938 Warner Bros. drama film directed by Edmund Goulding and starring Claude Rains, Fay Bainter, Jackie Cooper, Bonita Granville, Henry O'Neill, and Kay Johnson.

Produced by Henry Blanke and Hal B. Wallis, the screenplay was adapted by Lenore J. Coffee, Abem Finkel and Cameron Rogers from the 1936 novel of the same title by Lloyd C. Douglas.

Henry Blanke
Henry Blanke (December 30, 1901 – May 28, 1981) was a German-born film producer who also worked as an assistant director, supervisor, writer, and production manager. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture for The Nun’s Story (1959).
Ingvald Garbo
Ingvald Garbo (3 October 1891 – 22 November 1941) was a Norwegian resistance member.

He was born in Bergen, to a mother from Bergen and a father from Førde. He married Sara Haugland (1897–1977) in 1924, and had two children. His son Gunnar Garbo, born 1924, was a notable politician.

He was a teacher by occupation. He also contributed to newspapers such as Bergens Arbeiderblad. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany he listened to illegal radio broadcasts from the BBC, and distributed the news among German soldiers. He was discovered by the German occupying authorities, arrested on 8 October 1941 and executed on 22 November 1941. He was the first Norwegian with a connection to the illegal press to be executed, and according to Berit Nøkleby's count the seventeenth overall.

German occupation of Norway
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany during the Second World War began on 9 April 1940 after Operation Weserübung. Conventional armed resistance to the German invasion ended on 10 June 1940, and Nazi Germany controlled Norway until the capitulation of German forces in Europe on 8 May 1945. Throughout this period, a pro-German government named Den nasjonale regjering ('the National Government') ruled Norway, while the Norwegian king Haakon VII and the prewar government escaped to London, where they formed a government in exile. Civil rule was effectively assumed by the Reichskommissariat Norwegen (Reich Commissariat of Norway), which acted in collaboration with the pro-German puppet government. This period of military occupation is, in Norway, referred to as the "war years", "occupation period" or simply "the war".
Gentiana clausa
Gentiana clausa, one of several plants with the common name "bottle gentian", is a 1'–2' tall flowering plant in the Gentianaceae family. It is native to Eastern North American moist meadows and woods at higher elevations, from Quebec in the north, through the Appalachian range to North Carolina and Tennessee in the south. It has paired, lanceolate leaves, usually on unbranched stalks, and blue blooms which remain closed or nearly so (thus the Latin specific name). It flowers from late August to October.

Gentianaceae
Gentianaceae is a family of flowering plants of 105 genera and about 1650 species. Species in this family inhabit every continent except the antarctic, and have been used around the world for centuries as traditional medicine.
A. Zachary Faison Jr.
A. Zachary Faison Jr. (born April 13, 1980) is an American academic administrator and attorney. In 2018, he became the 30th President and CEO of Edward Waters University in Jacksonville, Florida. Faison previously served at Tuskegee University as General Counsel and Vice President of External Affairs.

Albany State University
Albany State University is a public historically black university in Albany, Georgia, United States. Founded in 1903, it is part of the University System of Georgia and is the largest historically black institution in Georgia. Albany State University offers undergraduate and graduate programs across a range of disciplines, including education, business, and the sciences. The university is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
David Henry Hamilton
David Henry "D. H." Hamilton (August 8, 1843 – May 30, 1929) was a Texas farmer, businessman, and statesman. Hamilton volunteered to join the Texas Brigade (also known as Hood's Brigade) Company M, First Texas Volunteer Infantry, at the age of 17.  After the surrender at the Appomattox Court House during the American Civil War, he returned home to Sumpter, Texas, May 25, 1865, without serious injury, and lived in Centralia and Groveton in Trinity County and Haskell in Haskell County.

Texas Brigade
The Texas Brigade (also known as Hood's Brigade) was an infantry formation of the Confederate Army that distinguished itself in the American Civil War. Along with the Stonewall Brigade, they were considered the Army of Northern Virginia's shock troops. It fought in every major battle of the Eastern Theater except Chancellorsville.
Lemucaguin
Lemucaguin, a native of Andalicán, was the successor to Turcupichun as toqui of the Moluche Butalmapu north of the Biobío River in 1558. He organized a detachment of arquebusiers from weapons captured in the Battle of Marihueñu.  He continued the war against García Hurtado de Mendoza after the executions of Caupolican and Turcupichun.  Establishing pucaras at Quiapo and other locations to block Spanish access to the Arauco region.  He was the first toqui to use firearms and artillery in the Battle of Quiapo  However he was killed in this battle and was replaced by Illangulién.  The later historian, Juan Ignacio Molina, calls the toqui that led at Quiapo Caupolicán the younger, son the executed toqui Caupolican

Juan Ignacio Molina
Fr. Juan Ignacio Molina (Spanish pronunciation: [xwan iɣˈnasjo moˈlina]; (June 24, 1740 – September 12, 1829) was a Chilean-Spanish Jesuit priest, naturalist, historian, translator, geographer, botanist, ornithologist, and linguist. He is usually referred to as Abate Molina (Abbot Molina), and is also sometimes known by the Italian form of his name, Giovanni Ignazio Molina.

He was one of the precursors of the theory of the gradual evolution of species, 44 years before Darwin, who repeatedly quoted him in "The Origin of Species".

The standard author abbreviation Molina is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Massachusetts Broadcasters Association
The Massachusetts Broadcasters Association (MBA) is a trade association for radio and television broadcast stations in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It was founded in 1954.  The association represents nearly 200 radio and television stations throughout the state.

The association's chief responsibility is the protection and promotion of over-the-air television and radio stations in Massachusetts. The association does this through advocacy, offering seminars and webinars, providing legal hotlines, awarding broadcasting scholarships, and various other programs.

It holds an annual convention and recognizes stations and individuals with annual awards.

Web conferencing
Web conferencing is used as an umbrella term for various types of online conferencing and collaborative services including webinars (web seminars), webcasts, and web meetings. Sometimes it may be used also in the more narrow sense of the peer-level web meeting context, in an attempt to disambiguate it from the other types known as collaborative sessions.

In general, web conferencing is made possible by Internet technologies, particularly on TCP/IP connections. Services may allow real-time point-to-point communications as well as multicast communications from one sender to many receivers. It offers data streams of text-based messages, voice and video chat to be shared simultaneously, across geographically dispersed locations. Applications for web conferencing include meetings, training events, lectures, or presentations from a web-connected computer to other web-connected computers.
Verge music festival
The Verge Music Festival was an alternative and modern rock festival. It was run by the promoters of Summerfest and took place in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on the Summerfest Grounds.  2010, its inaugural year, was the only year that the event took place.

Modern rock
Modern rock is an umbrella term used to describe rock music that is found on college and commercial rock radio stations. Some radio stations use this term to distinguish themselves from classic rock, which is based in 1960s–1980s rock music.
Tivetshall St Mary
Tivetshall St Mary is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Tivetshall, in the South Norfolk district in the county of Norfolk, England. It covered an area of 4.65 km2 (1.80 sq mi) and had a population of 302 in 117 households at the 2001 census, the population falling to 298 at the census 2011. On the 1st of April 2019 the parish was merged with Tivetshall St Margaret to form Tivetshall.

The villages name means 'Nook of land'. It has been suggested that the first element may be related to a late northern English dialectical, 'tewhit' meaning 'lapwing'. 'St. Mary' from the church dedication.

Lapwing
Lapwings (subfamily Vanellinae) are any of various ground-nesting birds (family Charadriidae) akin to plovers and dotterels. They range from 10 to 16 inches (25 to 41 cm) in length.

The traditional terms "plover", "lapwing", and "dotterel" do not correspond exactly to current taxonomic models; thus, several of the Vanellinae are often called plovers, and one a dotterel, while a few of the "true" plovers (subfamily Charadriinae) are known colloquially as lapwings. In general, a lapwing can be thought of as a larger plover.

In Europe's Anglophone countries, lapwing refers specifically to the northern lapwing, the only member of this group to occur in most of the continent and thus the first bird to go by the English name lapwing (also known as peewit or pyewipe).

In the fanciful taxonomy promoted by medieval courtesy books, a group of lapwings was called a "deceit".
Genghis Khan (2018 film)
Genghis Khan  (Chinese: 战神纪) is a Chinese historical / fantasy epic film produced by Jean-Jacques Annaud and directed by Hasi Chaolu. It stars William Chan as the titular Genghis Khan. The film, originally slated to be  released in China on December 22, 2017, was subsequently postponed to April 28, 2018 to allow the  team more time for post-production work. The film was also the closing film at the 8th Beijing International Film Festival.

Jean-Jacques Annaud
Jean-Jacques Annaud (French: [ʒɑ̃ ʒak ano]; born 1 October 1943) is a French film director, screenwriter and producer. He directed Black and White in Color (1976),Quest for Fire (1981), The Name of the Rose (1986), The Bear (1988), The Lover (1992), Seven Years in Tibet (1997), Enemy at the Gates (2001), Black Gold (2011), and Wolf Totem (2015).

Annaud has received numerous awards for his work, including five César Awards, one David di Donatello Award, and one National Academy of Cinema Award. Annaud's first film, Black and White in Color (1976), received an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

His most recent film is Notre-Dame on Fire, released in 2022.
Oras de Peligro
Oras de Peligro (lit. Hour of Danger) is a 2023 Philippine crime drama film directed by Joel Lamangan. The film was written by Boni Ilagan and Eric Ramos and stars Allen Dizon, Cherry Pie Picache, Mae Paner, Therese Malvar, and Dave Bornea.

The film is set in the Philippines during the last days of the Marcos dictatorship, during the People Power Revolution that sent dictator Ferdinand Marcos fleeing into exile in Hawaii.

Boni Ilagan
Bonifacio Parabuac Ilagan, often known just as Boni Ilagan, is a Filipino playwright, screenwriter, filmmaker, journalist, and editor best known for numerous socially-conscious, critically-acclaimed works in theater, film and television, most notably the films The Flor Contemplacion Story (1995), Dukot (Desaparecidos, 2009), Sigwa (Rage, 2010), and Deadline (The Reign of Impunity, 2011); as well as his first play, Pagsambang Bayan (1976), which portrayed the human rights violations of the Marcoses. He is also one of the prominent torture victims who survived the Marcos dictatorship.

On December 4, 2024, Ilagan and 74 others filed the second impeachment complaint against Vice President Sara Duterte, citing betrayal of public trust for her office's alleged misuse of confidential funds.
Strawberries and Cream Tree
The Strawberries and Cream Tree is a graft hybrid cherry tree (of Prunus avium and P. serrulata 'Kanzan') in Backwell, North Somerset, England. Planted on council land in the 1950s, it is noted for producing two distinct colours of blossom: pink blossom on one side of the tree and white on the other, when it blooms every spring. This gave rise to the name 'Strawberries and Cream Tree', which was coined by children of the village.

It is one of only two reported examples of  cherry-Kanzan graft hybrid trees in England; the other being in Portchester, Hampshire.

Graft-chimaera
In horticulture, a graft-chimaera may arise in grafting at the point of contact between rootstock and scion and will have properties intermediate between those of its "parents". Unlike graft hybrids, a graft-chimaera is not a true hybrid but a mixture of cells, each with the genotype of one of its "parents": it is a chimaera. Hence, the once widely used term "graft-hybrid" is inaccurate for a graft-chimaera.

Propagation is by cloning only. In practice graft-chimaeras are not noted for their stability and may easily revert to one of the "parents".
Kanchrapara Railway Workshop
22°56′17″N 88°26′38″E﻿ / ﻿22.938°N 88.444°E﻿ / 22.938; 88.444

The Kanchrapara Railway Workshop is one of the major workshops of Indian Railways, and is located in the Sealdah division of the Eastern Railway zone. It is divided into two complexes — Loco Complex and Carriage Complex. It caters to the major overhauling of a large product mix of IR, including locomotives (WAP7, WAP4, WAG9, WAG7, WAG5, WAM4), ICF Coaches, EMUs, MEMUs, DEMUs, Tower Cars, etc. Its mention can be found in Satyajit Ray's short story "Patol Babu Superstar", which was also included in the Class 10 English Communicative Curriculum of the CBSE.

Central Board of Secondary Education
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is a national-level board of education in India for public and private schools, controlled and managed by the Government of India. Established in 1929 by a government resolution, the Board was an experiment in inter-state integration and cooperation in the sphere of secondary education. There are more than 27,000 schools in India and 240 schools in 28 foreign countries affiliated with the CBSE. All schools affiliated with CBSE follow the NCERT curriculum, especially those in classes 9 to 12. The current Chairperson of CBSE is Rahul Singh, IAS.

The constitution of the Board was amended in 1952 to give its present name, the Central Board of Secondary Education. The Board was reconstituted on 1 July 1962 to make its services available to students and various educational institutions across the country.
Isycoed
Isycoed (Welsh: Is-y-coed) is a village and community in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. It lies around 5 miles to the east of Wrexham, close to the River Dee on the border with England.

There is a primary school in Bowling Bank, and a late-Georgian church, dedicated to St. Paul, in Isycoed village, which was designated as a Grade II listed building on 20 June 1996.

It was the location of the 2025 Wrexham National Eisteddfod.

River Dee, Wales
The River Dee (Welsh: Afon Dyfrdwy, Latin: Deva Fluvius) flows through North Wales and Cheshire, England. The majority of the river is located in Wales, with the stretch between Aldford and Saltney within England and two other sections forming the border between the two countries. The length of the section from Bala to Chester is 113 km (70 miles).

The river rises on Dduallt in Snowdonia and flows east through Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake), Corwen, and Llangollen. It turns north near Overton-on-Dee and forms part of the England–Wales border before fully entering England near Aldford, north-east of Wrexham. It flows through Chester then re-enters Wales near Saltney; the final section is canalised and discharges to the Irish Sea via an estuary 23 km (14 miles) long.
Thornton, Lincolnshire
Thornton, or Thornton by Horncastle, is a village in the civil parish of Roughton, in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the B1191 road, 1 mile (1.6 km) west from the A153, and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-west from Horncastle town centre. In 1971 the parish had a population of 57. On 1 April 1987 the parish was abolished and merged with Roughton.

The village is mentioned in the 1086 Domesday Book, with 19 households and Robert the Bursar as Lord of the Manor.

The greenstone parish church is dedicated to Saint Wilfrid and is a Grade II listed building dating from the 15th century and restored in 1890 by Ewan Christian.

Ewan Christian
Ewan Christian (1814–1895) was a British architect. He is most frequently noted for the restorations of Southwell Minster and Carlisle Cathedral, and the design of the National Portrait Gallery. He was Architect to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners from 1851 to 1895. Christian was elected A RIBA in 1840, FRIBA in 1850, RIBA President 1884–1886 and was awarded the Royal Gold Medal in 1887.

He is an uncle of English-American architect Gordon W. Lloyd.