hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spice use in antiquity
The history of spices reach back thousands of years,  dating back to the 8th century BCE. Spices are widely known to be developed and discovered in Asian civilizations. Spices have been used in a variety of antique developments for their unique qualities. There were a variety of spices that were used for common purposes across the ancient world. Different spices hold a value that can create a variety of products designed to enhance or suppress certain taste and/or sensations. Spices were also associated with certain rituals to perpetuate a superstition or fulfill a religious obligation, among other things. Spices have antimicrobial properties that may have helped protect ancient peoples against foodborne illnesses.

Fennel
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is indigenous to the shores of the Mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the sea coast and on riverbanks.

It is a highly flavorful herb used in cooking and, along with the similar-tasting anise, is one of the primary ingredients of absinthe. Florence fennel or finocchio (UK: /fɪˈnɒkioʊ/, US: /-ˈnoʊk-/, Italian: [fiˈnɔkkjo]) is a selection with a swollen, bulb-like stem base (sometimes called bulb fennel) that is used as a vegetable.
Bird Conservancy of the Rockies
The Bird Conservancy of the Rockies addresses bird conservation needs in the Western United States. Founded in 1988 as Colorado Bird Observatory and later changed to Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory, its headquarters are located in Barr Lake State Park, just east of Brighton, Colorado, United States.  In 2015 the organization changed to its current name in order to more accurately reflect the regions of its work, which radiates from Colorado to the Great Plains, Mexico and beyond.

The observatory's programs are supported by grants from foundations, federal and state agencies, the Denver metro area's Scientific and Cultural Facilities District, Adams County Cultural Council, Great Outdoors Colorado Trust Fund, and contributions from RMBO members.

Brighton, Colorado
Brighton is a home rule city located in Adams and Weld counties, Colorado, United States. Brighton is the county seat of Adams County and is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Greeley, CO Combined Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. The city population was 40,083 at the 2020 United States census with 39,718 residing in Adams County and 365 residing in Weld County.
Auto Red Bug
The Red Bug, later marketed as the Auto Red Bug were a vintage era cyclecar automobile manufactured by the Automotive Electric Service Corp. of North Bergen, New Jersey from 1924 to 1930.  It is considered an early version of a microcar.

North Bergen, New Jersey
North Bergen is a township in the northern part of Hudson County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 63,361, an increase of 2,588 (+4.3%) from the 2010 census count of 60,773, which in turn reflected an increase of 2,681 (+4.6%) from the 58,092 counted in the 2000 census. The township was incorporated in 1843. It was much diminished in territory by a series of secessions. Situated on the Hudson Palisades, it is one of the hilliest municipalities in the United States. Like neighboring North Hudson communities, North Bergen is among those places in the nation with the highest population density.
LattisNet
LattisNet was a family of computer networking hardware and software products built and sold by SynOptics Communications (also rebranded by Western Digital) during the 1980s. Examples were the 1000, 2500 and 3000 series of LattisHub network hubs.
LattisNet was the first implementation of 10 Megabits per second local area networking over unshielded twisted pair wiring in a star topology.

Star network
A star network is an implementation of a spoke–hub distribution paradigm in computer networks. In a star network, every host is connected to a central hub. In its simplest form, one central hub acts as a conduit to transmit messages.  The star network is one of the most common computer network topologies.
Pontypool Free Press
The Pontypool Free Press is an English language weekly regional newspaper that was originally published in Pontypool, as the Pontypool Free Press and Herald of the Hills, in 1859 and is circulated in Pontypool and the surrounding area of Torfaen, in south-east Wales.

South East Wales
South East Wales is a loosely defined region of Wales generally corresponding to the preserved counties of Mid Glamorgan, South Glamorgan and Gwent. Highly urbanised, it includes the cities of Cardiff and Newport as well as large towns in the South Wales Valleys.
Waters' River
Waters' River, also known as the Robertson Farm, is a historic home located at Manokin, Somerset County, Maryland, United States. It is a large plantation house constructed between 1800 and 1820 on the Big Annemessex River. It is a two-story, Flemish bond brick house with a steeply pitched gable roof.  The interior features a great deal of Federal period detail including the stair and balustrade; mantels; paneled doors and reveals; and baseboard, chair rail, and architrave moldings.

Waters' River was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Somerset County, Maryland
Somerset County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 24,620, making it the second-least populous county in Maryland. The county seat is Princess Anne. The county is part of the Lower Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Mary, Lady Somerset, the wife of Sir John Somerset and daughter of Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour (c. 1560–1639). She was also the sister of Anne Calvert, Baroness Baltimore (1615–1649), who later lent her name to Anne Arundel County, which was erected in 1650 as the Province of Maryland's third county.

Somerset County is located on the state's Eastern Shore. It is included in the Salisbury, MD-DE Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The University of Maryland Eastern Shore is located in Princess Anne.
Disgraceful
Disgraceful is the debut album by British band Dubstar. It was released in October 1995 on the Food label, a division of EMI that was also home to Blur.

The album features two covers; "Not So Manic Now" which was originally recorded by Brick Supply on their 1994 EP Somebody's Intermezzo, and "St. Swithin's Day" which was originally recorded by Billy Bragg on his 1984 album Brewing Up with Billy Bragg.

All four singles released from the album were top 40 hits on the UK Singles Chart.

Food Records
Food Records was a British rock record label set up in 1984 by David Balfe (formerly of Zoo Records), who later took on Andy Ross as his partner. Originally formed as an independent record label with distribution going through Rough Trade Distribution, Food also licensed acts through WEA Records, before becoming closely associated with the EMI group's Parlophone label. EMI invested in the label and then in 1994 EMI gained complete control and folded it into Parlophone in 2000. Ross died in 2022 aged 65.
Mainsforth
Mainsforth is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bishop Middleham, in the County Durham district, in the ceremonial county of Durham, England. It is to the east of Ferryhill. The earliest settlement in Mainsforth may have been on Marble (Narble Hill). It has been suggested, without great historical foundation, that this was a Danish settlement. In 1961 the parish had a population of 229. From medieval times through to the early twentieth century the village was in effect a small collection of farms and farm workers' cottages.

Mainsforth Hall was a significant building in the centre of this small village, until its demolition in the 1960s. The hall was for many years the dwelling of the Surtees family. A notable member of the family was Robert Surtees (1779–1834), a County Durham historian.

Mainsforth Colliery, active from 1872-1968, lay between the village and Ferryhill Station.

County Durham (district)
County Durham is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of County Durham, England. It is governed by Durham County Council. The district has an area of 2,226 square kilometres (859 sq mi), and contains 135 civil parishes. It forms part of the larger ceremonial county of Durham, together with boroughs of Darlington, Hartlepool, and the part of Stockton-on-Tees north of the River Tees.
Zoopsis
Zoopsis is a genus of liverwort in the family Lepidoziaceae. The genus was first formally described by Carl Moritz Gottsche, Johann Bernhard Wilhelm Lindenberg and Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck in 1886, based on descriptions found in Joseph Dalton Hooker's Flora Antarctica (1844), who described Zoopsis as a subgenus of Jungermannia. The type species is Zoopsis argentea.

Carl Moritz Gottsche
Carl Moritz Gottsche (3 July 1808 – 28 September 1892) was a German physician and bryologist born in Altona. He was the father of geologist Carl Christian Gottsche (1859-1909).

Gottsche was a leading authority of Hepaticae. With Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776-1858) and Johann Bernhard Wilhelm Lindenberg (1781-1851), he was author of Synopsis Hepaticarum (1844-47), which was a landmark work in the field of hepaticology. Together with Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst he issued and distributed no. 221 until no. 600 of the exsiccata series Hepaticae Europaeae. Die Lebermoose Europa's unter Mitwirkung mehrer namhafter Botaniker.

In 1881 he received an honorary doctorate in philosophy from the University of Kiel.

The botanical genera of liverworts; Gottschea in the family Schistochilaceae is named after him, as well as Gottschelia, which is in the family Cephaloziellaceae.
Skye Sweetnam
Skye Alexandra Sweetnam (born May 5, 1988) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. She released two solo studio albums on Capitol Records/EMI — Noise from the Basement (2004) and Sound Soldier (2007) — and was nominated for a Juno Award for New Artist of the Year in 2006. Her debut single "Billy S." and follow-up "Tangled Up in Me" charted in Canada, and she toured as an opening act for Britney Spears on the Onyx Hotel Tour in 2004. She is also known for voicing Barbie's singing parts in The Barbie Diaries (2006). Since 2011, she has been the lead vocalist of the alternative metal band Sumo Cyco, performing under the stage name Sever.

Initiation (Sumo Cyco album)
Initiation is the third studio album by Canadian rock band Sumo Cyco, which was released on 7 May 2021. It was the last to feature drummer Matt Trozzi before his departure that year. The single "Bystander" was released with the announcement of the album. "Bad News" was the last single released prior to the album. The single "Sun Eater" was released alongside the deluxe version of the album on October 8, 2021.
Tom Murphy (Minnesota politician)
Tom Murphy (born April 19, 1962) is an American politician serving in the Minnesota House of Representatives since 2023. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, Murphy represents District 9B in western Minnesota, which includes the city of Perham and parts of Douglas and Otter Tail Counties.

Douglas County, Minnesota
Douglas County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,006. Its county seat is Alexandria.

Douglas County comprises the Alexandria, Minnesota, Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Douglas County is the home of Minnesota's only wine-grape appellation, the 10,880 acres (44.0 km2) Alexandria Lakes AVA.
Talis quercella
Talis quercella is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. The species was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found in Italy, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Ukraine, Russia, Asia Minor, Iraq, Iran, China, Mongolia and North Africa.

The wingspan is about 27 millimetres (1.1 in).

Ignaz Schiffermüller
Jeremias "Johann" Ignaz Schiffermüller (Austrian German: [jereˈmiːas ˈiːɡnats ˈʃɪfɐˌmʏlɐ]; 2 November 1727 – 21 June 1806) was an Austrian naturalist and Jesuit teacher who took a special interest in the Lepidoptera. In order to describe the colours of butterflies, he also looked for a systematic approach to describing colours in nature and to standardize their names.
Sidique
Sidique is a surname. Notable persons with that name include:

Sidique Mansaray (born 1980), Sierra Leonean footballer

Sidique Mussagi (born 1993), Mozambican footballer

Sidique Ali Merican (1930–2009), Malaysian sprinter

Mohammad Sidique Khan (1974–2005), Suicide bomber

Sidique Mansaray
Sidique Mansaray (born 23 July 1980) is a Sierra Leonean former footballer who played as a striker. He was a regular member of the Sierra Leone national team. in 2001, he scored the only goal as the Leone Stars defeated Nigeria 1-0 in a 2002 FIFA World Cup qualifying match in Freetown.
Kizawa Nagamasa
Kizawa Nagamasa (木沢長政) was a daimyō of the Sengoku period in Japan.

Nagamasa built Shigisan Castle for the Hatakeyama clan in 1536, an accomplishment that earned him the title of shugo of Yamato Province. In 1561 he expanded into Shiga Prefecture when he defeated the Rokkaku clan at the Battle of Maibara using ninja from Iga to launch a fire attack. The castle once was his, but the Rokkaku took it only recently before his costly victory.

Iga Province
Iga Province (伊賀国, Iga no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [iꜜ.ɡa (no kɯ.ɲi), iꜜ.ŋa-]) was a province of Japan located in what is today part of western Mie Prefecture.   Its abbreviated name was Ishū (伊州). Iga is classified as one of the provinces of the Tōkaidō. Under the Engishiki classification system, Iga was ranked as an "inferior country" (下国 gekoku) and a "near country" (近国 kingoku).

Iga was bordered by Ise to the east and south, Ōmi to the north, Yamato to the west and south, and Yamashiro Province to the northwest. It roughly coincides with the modern municipalities of Iga and Nabari in Mie Prefecture as well as Yagyu in Nara Prefecture. Surrounded by mountains, historically, Iga Province was rather inaccessible due to extremely poor road conditions. However, the area is now relatively easy to access from nearby Nara and Kyoto, as well as the larger cities of Osaka and Nagoya.
Arizona State Route 169
State Route 169, also known as SR 169 and Cherry Road, is an east–west highway in central Arizona, with its western terminus at its junction with its parent road State Route 69 at Dewey and its eastern terminus at Exit 278 of Interstate 17.  In conjunction with SR 69 and I-17, it serves as the most direct route between Prescott and the Verde Valley, bypassing the scenic, but dangerous mountain grades of State Route 89A through Jerome.

Despite its east–west alignment, this highway is marked as a north–south route.

Verde Valley
The Verde Valley (Yavapai: Matkʼamvaha; Spanish: Valle Verde) is a valley in central Arizona in the United States. The Verde River runs through it. The Verde River is one of Arizona's last free-flowing river systems. It provides crucial habitat for fish and wildlife, fresh water for local agricultural production, recreational opportunities for locals and tourists alike, and brings clean drinking water to over 2 million people in the greater Phoenix area. The valley is overlooked by Mingus Mountain and the Mogollon Rim. The valley is one of three regions of viticulture in Arizona and contains the Verde Valley AVA.
2018 Wisconsin Supreme Court election
The 2018 Wisconsin Supreme Court election was held on April 3, 2018 to elect a justice to the Wisconsin Supreme Court for a ten-year term. The incumbent justice, Michael Gableman, retired rather than seek another term. Milwaukee County circuit court judge Rebecca Dallet defeated Sauk County circuit court judge Michael Screnock, shifting the ideology of the court towards liberals.

Dallet's landslide victory was seen as a sign of Democratic enthusiasm ahead of the 2018 US midterm elections in November. Reacting to the results of the election, Governor Scott Walker warned that Republicans were at risk of a blue wave in Wisconsin. Walker's prediction would turn out to be true, as he lost re-election and Democrats won all five statewide races in the fall Wisconsin elections.

Wave elections in the United States
Wave elections in the United States are elections in which a political party makes major gains. Based on the "red states and blue states" color coding convention in use since 2000, wave elections have often been described as either "blue waves" or "red waves" depending on which party makes significant gains, referring to a major increase in seats held by either the Democratic Party (associated with blue) in the former, or the Republican Party (associated with red) in the latter.

Wave elections usually happen during midterm elections. There is no consensus definition of what level of gains is necessary to constitute a wave election, but the most recent midterm election year widely described as a wave election was 2018's blue wave, when the Democratic Party regained control of the House of Representatives and made a net gain of seven seats in gubernatorial elections.
Bionade
Bionade [ˌbi.(j)oˈnaːdə] is a German range of non-alcoholic, organic fermented and carbonated beverages. It is manufactured in the Bavarian town of Ostheim vor der Rhön by the Peter beer brewery. Sales started in 1995 and Bionade is now available in most European countries. Until 2018 Bionade GmbH was a subsidiary of Radeberger, a group of breweries which is a division of Dr. Oetker. Now Bionade is part of the Hassia Group.

Drink
A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture. Common types of drinks include plain drinking water, milk, juice, smoothies and soft drinks. Traditionally warm beverages encompass coffee, tea, and hot chocolate. Caffeinated drinks that contain the stimulant caffeine, have been consumed for centuries.

In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the psychoactive substance ethanol, have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years. Non-alcoholic drinks typically refer to beverages that are traditionally alcoholic—such as beer, wine, or cocktails—but are produced with a very low alcohol by volume content. This category includes beverages that have undergone processes to remove or significantly reduce alcohol, such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.
Leik Myrabo
Leik N. Myrabo is an American aerospace engineer known for research on beamed-energy propulsion and for proposing and developing the lightcraft, a laser-propelled flight vehicle concept. He was an associate professor of aerospace, mechanical, and nuclear engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he and collaborators conducted experimental lightcraft launches at the White Sands Missile Range High Energy Laser System Test Facility (HELSTF). He collaborated on hypersonic aerodynamics research with the Brazilian Air Force and the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory, and promoted space-based solar power and power-beaming concepts for space launch and high-speed travel.

Space launch
A space launch is the phase of a spaceflight mission during which a launch vehicle reaches space. The launch may be sub-orbital or the launch may continue until the vehicle reaches orbit. A space launch begins at a launch pad, which may be on land or at sea, or when the launch vehicle is released mid-air from an aircraft.
Clankelly
Clankelly (Irish: Clann Cheallaigh, meaning Clan Kelly or, more literally, 'Offspring of Ceallaigh') is a barony in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is the only barony in County Fermanagh not connected to Lough Erne. It is bordered by two other baronies in Northern Ireland: Coole to the south-west; and Magherastephana to the north-west. It also borders two baronies in the Republic of Ireland: Monaghan to the north-east; and Dartree to the south-east.

Lough Erne
Lough Erne  (/lɒx ɜːrn/ LOKH URN, from Irish Loch Éirne) is two connected lakes in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is the second-largest lake system in Northern Ireland and Ulster, and the fourth largest in Ireland. The lakes are widened sections of the River Erne, which flows north and then curves west into the Atlantic. The smaller southern lake is called the Upper Lough as it is higher up the river. The larger northern lake is called the Lower Lough or Broad Lough. The town of Enniskillen lies on the short stretch of river between the lakes. The lake has more than 150 islands, along with many coves and inlets. The River Erne is 80 miles (129 km) long and drains an area of about 1,680 square miles (4,350 km2).
Dick Nanninga
Dirk Jacobus Willem "Dick" Nanninga (17 January 1949 – 21 July 2015) was a Dutch footballer who played as a forward. At club level, he played for Dutch sides BV Veendam, Roda JC and MVV Maastricht. He also had a short spell with Hong Kong club Seiko. At international level, he represented the Netherlands at the 1978 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 1980.

MVV Maastricht
Maatschappelijke Voetbal Vereniging Maastricht (Dutch pronunciation: [maːtˈsxɑpələkə ˈvudbɑl vəˌreːnəɣɪŋ maːˈstrɪxt]), commonly known as MVV Maastricht ([ˌɛɱveːˈveː maːˈstrɪxt], Limburgish: [ˌæɱ˦veːˈveː məˈstʀeːx]) or simply as MVV, is a Dutch professional football club from the city of Maastricht. Founded on 2 April 1902, MVV Maastricht currently competes in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch football.

Because their crest is based on the city's coat of arms, an armed angel holding a red shield with a white star, they are nicknamed de Sterrendragers ("Wearers of Stars") and, in local dialect, Us MVV'ke ("our little MVV", pronounced [ˈʏz ˌæɱveːˈveːkə]). The club's name was formerly Maastrichtse Voetbal Vereniging until 2011, when it was officially changed to include the city name after "MVV."
Stabb
Stabb is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Chris Stabb (born 1976), English football player

Fred Stabb (1920–2011), Australian Australian rules football player

George Stabb (1912–1994), English football player

John Stabb (musician) (1961–2016), American punk-rock vocalist

John Stabb (ecclesiologist) (1865–1917), English ecclesiologist and antiquary

Newton John Stabb (1868–1931), Canadian banker

Roy Stabb (1922–2010), Australian Australian rules football player

Canadian Bankers Association
The Canadian Bankers Association (CBA; French: Association des banquiers canadiens) is a trade association and lobby group representing Canadian banks. Its over 60 members include Canada's Big Five banks, smaller domestic banks, and Canadian subsidiaries of foreign banks.

Founded in Montreal in 1891, the CBA is one of Canada's oldest interest groups. The CBA is headquartered at Commerce Court West in Toronto's Financial District and maintains additional offices in Ottawa and Montreal.
1866 Nebraska gubernatorial election
The 1866 Nebraska gubernatorial election was held on June 2, 1866, before Nebraska officially became a state. The Nebraska Constitution of 1866 specified that "the first election for Governor... shall be held on the second day of June, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-six" in order to prepare for statehood. This election featured Republican nominee David Butler defeating Democratic nominee J. Sterling Morton to become the first Governor of the State of Nebraska.

Constitution of Nebraska
The Nebraska Constitution is the basic governing document of the U.S. state of Nebraska. All acts of the Nebraska Legislature, the governor, and each governmental agency are subordinate to it. The constitution has been amended 228 times since it was first adopted in 1875, most notably to include the creation of a unicameral legislature.

It is nicknamed the Grasshopper Constitution due to the occurrence of Albert's swarm, an immense concentration of grasshoppers that scourged the Western United States in 1875, during the constitutional convention that drafted the constitution.