hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
North American Fur Auctions
North American Fur Auctions (commonly known as NAFA) is a Canadian company that auctions on consignment fur pelts harvested in Canada and the United States.  Its services are used by both large fur farms and small-time trappers.  Its auctions are held three to four times a year in Toronto. It is the largest fur auction house in North America, and the second largest in the world.

In its May 2008 auction, NAFA handled nearly 3.5 million pelts. Animal types included otter, sable, beaver, raccoon, coyote, red fox, grey fox, lynx, bobcat, fisher, muskrat, mink, silver fox, badger, skunk, opossum, squirrel, ermine, timber wolf, wolverine and black bear.

NAFA is the successor to the Hudson's Bay Company's Canadian and U.S. fur auction businesses, which were spun off in 1987 and 1989, respectively. In 2019, NAFA filed for creditor protection (CCAA).

Silver fox (animal)
The silver fox, sometimes referred to as the black fox, or blue fox, is a melanistic form of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Silver foxes display a great deal of pelt variation. Some are completely glossy black except for a white colouration on the tip of the tail, giving them a somewhat silvery appearance. Some silver foxes are bluish-grey, and some may have a cinereous colour on the sides.

Historically, silver foxes were among the most valued fur-bearers, and their pelts were frequently worn by nobles in Russia, Western Europe, and China. Wild silver foxes do not naturally reproduce exclusively with members of the same coat morph and can be littermates with the common red variety, although captive populations bred for the blue fox fur and as pets are almost exclusively mated with members of the same colour.
Louis Kauffman
Louis Hirsch Kauffman (born February 3, 1945) is an American mathematician, mathematical physicist, and professor of mathematics in the Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He does research in topology, knot theory, topological quantum field theory, quantum information theory, and diagrammatic and categorical mathematics. He is best known for the introduction and development of the bracket polynomial and the Kauffman polynomial.

Mathematical physics
Mathematical physics is the development of mathematical methods for application to problems in physics. The Journal of Mathematical Physics defines the field as "the application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods suitable for such applications and for the formulation of physical theories". An alternative definition would also include those mathematics that are inspired by physics, known as physical mathematics.
Yangtze River Economic Belt
The Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is a region along the Yangtze River. The idea was introduced in 2014 and established in 2016, with the Chinese government aiming to increase economic growth with minimal environmental damage. Around 21% of the area of China and 40% of its population lies within the belt. Eleven province-level divisions of China are included in the YREB: Anhui, Chongqing, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shanghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Zhejiang.

Province-level divisions of China
The People's Republic of China is officially divided into 34 province-level administrative divisions, the first level of administrative division in the country. There are four types of divisions at the province level:

Provinces (23)

Autonomous regions (5)

Municipalities (4)

Special administrative regions (SARs, 2)

Province-level division can be traced back to the Yuan dynasty. The political status of Taiwan Province, as well as small portions of other provinces, are disputed.
Dominic Lam
Dominic Lam Kar-wah (Chinese: 林嘉華; born 2 April 1957) is a Hong Kong-Canadian actor and radio personality for Fairchild Radio in Richmond Hill, Canada. His acting career spans four decades, beginning with his television series debut in Crocodile Tears (1978).

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
Juliet Cadzow
Juliet Cadzow (born 9 May 1948) is a Scottish actress. She played Edie McCredie in the children's television series Balamory, Suzie Fraser in BBC series River City and various roles in BBC series Still Game.

BBC Radio Scotland
BBC Radio Scotland is a Scottish national radio network owned and operated by BBC Scotland, a division of the BBC. It broadcasts a wide variety of programmes. It replaced the Scottish BBC Radio 4 opt-out service of the same name from 23 November 1978. The station is broadcast from the BBC Scotland studios at Pacific Quay in Glasgow.

Radio Scotland is broadcast in English, whilst sister station Radio nan Gàidheal broadcasts in Scottish Gaelic.

According to RAJAR, the station broadcasts to a weekly audience of 793,000 and has a listening share of 5.7% as of October 2025.

Since August 2025, the station has been led by Victoria Easton-Riley, a former Bauer executive.
Trevor Dunn's Trio-Convulsant
Trevor Dunn's Trio-Convulsant is an avant-garde jazz trio led by Mr. Bungle bassist Trevor Dunn with guitarist Mary Halvorson and drummer Ches Smith.

AllMusic said the band combines "moody jazz with convulsive rock."

Mary Halvorson
Mary Halvorson (born October 16, 1980) is an American avant-garde jazz composer and guitarist from Brookline, Massachusetts.

Among her many collaborations, she has: led a trio with John Hébert and Ches Smith, and a quintet with the addition of Jon Irabagon and Jonathan Finlayson; recorded duo albums with violist Jessica Pavone; and recorded several albums with bassist Michael Formanek and drummer Tomas Fujiwara under the band name Thumbscrew.

In 2017, 2018 and 2019 Halvorson won Best Guitar in DownBeat's International Critics Poll. In 2019, she was awarded a MacArthur "Genius" Grant for music.

Halvorson is on faculty at the School of Jazz (The New School).
Gerry Perry
Gerald Edward Perry (July 17, 1930 – December 19, 2022) was an American football player. A defensive lineman and placekicker, he played in the National Football League (NFL). Perry also played college football at University of California at Berkeley, and was selected in the 29th round of the 1952 NFL draft by the Los Angeles Rams.

Perry died in Torrance, California on December 19, 2022, at the age of 92.

1952 NFL draft
The 1952 NFL draft was held on January 17, 1952, at Hotel Statler in New York. Selections made by New York Yanks were assigned to the new Dallas Texans.

This was the sixth year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery, with the previous five winners (Chicago Bears in 1947, Washington Redskins in 1948, Philadelphia Eagles in 1949, Detroit Lions in 1950, and New York Giants in 1951) ineligible from the draw; it was won by the Los Angeles Rams, who selected quarterback Bill Wade.

The Washington Post sportswriter Mo Siegel later claimed that Washington Redskins owner George Preston Marshall let him choose a late-round pick. Siegel, he said, chose Tennessee Tech's Flavious Smith to force the first black player onto the all-white Redskins. If true, Marshall likely persuaded NFL Commissioner Bert Bell to remove the choice from the official records. (Smith, who did not hear the story until years later, was white.)
45th British Academy Film Awards
The 45th British Academy Film Awards, more commonly known as the BAFTAs, took place on 22 March 1992 at the Grosvenor House Hotel in London, honouring the best national and foreign films of 1991. Presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, accolades were handed out for the best feature-length film and documentaries of any nationality that were screened at British cinemas in 1991.

Alan Parker's The Commitments won the awards for Best Film, Director, Adapted Screenplay and Editing. The Silence of the Lambs won the awards for Best Actor (Anthony Hopkins) and Actress (Jodie Foster). It went on to win the same Academy Awards. Alan Rickman was voted Best Actor in a Supporting Role for his work in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves. Kate Nelligan (Frankie and Johnny) won the award for Best Supporting Actress.

The ceremony was hosted by Michael Aspel.

Kate Nelligan
Patricia Colleen Nelligan (born March 16, 1950), known professionally as Kate Nelligan, is a Canadian stage, film and television actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1991 film The Prince of Tides, and the same year won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Frankie and Johnny. She is also a four-time Tony Award nominee for her work on Broadway, receiving nominations for Plenty (1983), A Moon for the Misbegotten (1984), Serious Money (1988) and Spoils of War (1989).
Iyo-Ōzu Station
Iyo-Ōzu Station (伊予大洲駅, Iyo-Ōzu-eki) is a junction passenger railway station located in the city of Ōzu, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and is the junction of two branches of the Yosan Line and hence has two station numbers "U14" and "S18".

Shikoku Railway Company
The Shikoku Railway Company, commonly known as JR Shikoku, is the smallest of the seven constituent companies of the Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates 855.2 kilometres (531.4 mi) of intercity and local rail services in the four prefectures on the island of Shikoku in Japan. The company has its headquarters in Takamatsu.
Rama Varma
The name Rama Varma refers to a number of persons from many royal families of Kerala in southern India.

Members of Chera Perumals of Makotai:

Rama Kulasekhara (a.k.a. Rama Varma Kulashekhara) (11th-12th century AD)

Maharajas of the Kingdom of Cochin:

Rama Varma Sakthan Thampuran (Rama Varma IX) (1751–1805)

Rama Varma X

Rama Varma XI

Rama Varma XII

Rama Varma XIII

Rama Varma XIV

Rama Varma XV (Sir Sri Rama Varma a.k.a. Rajarshi and Abdicated Highness of Cochin (1852–1932)

Rama Varma XVI

Rama Varma XVII

Rama Varma Parikshith Thampuran (Rama Varma XVIII) (died 1964)

Lalan Thampuran (Rama Varma XIX) (1887–1975)

Maharajas of the Travancore royal family:

Rama Varma of Venad (r. 1724–1729)

Dharma Raja (Dharma Raja Rama Varma) (1724–1798)

Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma (Rama Varma III) 1813–1846)

Moolam Thirunal Rama Varma (born 1949)

Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma
Sri Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma III (16 April 1813 – 26 December 1846) was the Maharaja of the Kingdom of Travancore. He was a musician and composer who wrote over 400 classical compositions in both Carnatic and Hindustani style.

A code of laws, courts of justice, introduction of English education, construction of an observatory, installation of the first Government printing press, establishment of the first manuscripts library were amongst the many initiatives taken by Swathi Thirunal, as a King, to modernize Travancore.
Xylorycta leucophanes
Xylorycta leucophanes is a species of moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was first described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1892. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from South Australia and Victoria.

The wingspan is 24–30 mm. The forewings are shining snow white with the costal edge blackish from the base to near the apex, posteriorly attenuated. The hindwings are pale grey whitish, darker towards the apex.

The larvae feed on Hakea species, including Hakea rugosa and Hakea sericea. They feed from within a tube of silk and frass in the leaves.

Hakea rugosa
Hakea rugosa, commonly known as  wrinkled hakea or dwarf hakea, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae native to Australia.  It has sharp needle-shaped leaves and white or cream fragrant flowers in profusion from August to October.
2019 South American U-20 Championship
The 2019 South American U-20 Championship was the 29th edition of the South American U-20 Championship (Spanish: CONMEBOL Sudamericano Sub-20, Portuguese: CONMEBOL Sul-Americano Sub-20), the biennial international youth football championship organised by CONMEBOL for the men's under-20 national teams of South America. It was held in Chile between 17 January and 10 February 2019.

The top four teams qualified for the 2019 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Poland as the CONMEBOL representatives. The top three teams qualified for the 2019 Pan American Games men's football tournament, in addition to Peru who had automatically qualified as hosts. However, due to the re-introduction of the CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament in 2020, the tournament was not used for qualifying for the 2020 Summer Olympics men's football tournament.

Ecuador won their first title. Argentina finished second, defending champions Uruguay finished third, while Colombia finished fourth.

CONMEBOL Pre-Olympic Tournament
The CONMEBOL Preolímpico (English: Pre-Olympic Tournament) is an international association football event in the South America region organized by CONMEBOL. It is the qualification tournament for the football tournament at the Olympic Games.

In 1960, teams from North and Central America also entered the tournament. Before 1984, only junior or non-professional players were allowed to participate. In 1987 the competition opened to any player who had not played in World Cup (whether a qualifying match or at the final tournament). Due to an International Olympic Committee ruling, since 1992, male competitors have been required to be under 23 years old, and since 1996, a maximum of three over-23-year-old players have been allowed per squad.

The tournament was not held between 2007 and 2015, as the South American Youth Championship was chosen as the qualifying tournament for the Olympic Games. The competition was re-introduced for the 2020 games.
Goghtn
Goght’n (Armenian: Գողթն; also mentioned in sources as Goght’an, Գողթան, and alternatively transliterated as Gołt῾n) was a canton (gavar’) located in the province of Vaspurakan in historical Armenia. Its borders roughly corresponded to the modern Ordubad Rayon of Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan.

Goght’n was well known for winemaking, the quality of its grape and fruit orchards. The region also was the birthplace of a number of prominent Armenian gusans (minstrels). The ancestors of the renowned twentieth-century Armenian composer and music ethnologist Komitas Vardapet were originally from Goght’n. Some of the region's oldest towns and villages have survived to this day, including Jugha (now Julfa) and Ordvat’ (modern-day Ordubad).

Ordubad
Ordubad is the second largest city of Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and the capital of an eponymous district. Ordubad is a medieval city of the Caucasus and in its current capacity of a town was founded in the 18th century. The town is divided into five districts: Ambaras, Kurdtatal, Mingis, Sarshahar, and Uch.

Ordubad is well known for its exports of fruits and spices, and for its cuisine.
Aspöck Systems
Aspöck Systems is an internationally active supplier of the vehicle industry in the field of lighting technology based in Peuerbach, Upper Austria. The family-owned company manufactures lighting systems for cars, truck and car trailers, agricultural and construction machinery, caravans and motorcycles in Europe.

Automotive lighting
Automotive lighting is functional exterior lighting in vehicles. A motor vehicle has lighting and signaling devices mounted to or integrated into its front, rear, sides, and, in some cases, top. Various devices have the dual function of illuminating the road ahead for the driver, and making the vehicle visible to others, with indications to them of turning, slowing or stopping, etc., with lights also indicating the size of some large vehicles.

Many emergency vehicles have distinctive lighting equipment to warn drivers of their presence.
LF-routes
LF-Routes (Landelijke Fietsroutes, Dutch for countrywide cycling routes) are long-distance cycling routes that form a network in the Netherlands and Belgium. The routes, criss-crossing both countries, are primarily intended for recreational multi-day bike tours, such as cycling holidays. Some routes are also part of a wider international network.

Most of the LF routes have been signposted in two directions, inscribing one direction with the letter "a", the other with the letter "b": the North Sea Route LF1 southbound from Den Helder to French Boulogne-sur-Mer is called LF1a, while in the other direction it is called LF1b.

Den Helder
Den Helder (Dutch pronunciation: [dɛn ˈɦɛldər] ⓘ) is an industrial port town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. Den Helder occupies the northernmost point of the North Holland peninsula. It is home to the country's main naval base. From here, the Royal TESO ferryboat service operates the transportation link between Den Helder and the nearby Dutch Wadden island of Texel to the north.
Mezzerschmitt
Mezzerschmitt is a Norwegian black metal band, a spinoff of Mayhem. It was formed in 2000 by Mayhem members Jan Axel Blomberg (Hellhammer) and Rune Eriksen (Blasphemer), collaborating with Lars Sørensen from Red Harvest. They intended to create an industrial metal band, but their sound soon shifted towards black metal while still incorporating industrial elements. Mezzerschmitt have released only one EP so far, Weltherrschaft.

Industrial metal
Industrial metal is the fusion of heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating metal guitar riffs, sampling, synthesizer or sequencer lines, and distorted vocals. Prominent industrial metal acts include Ministry, Nine Inch Nails, Fear Factory, Rammstein, KMFDM, and Godflesh.

Industrial metal developed in the late 1980s, as industrial and metal began to fuse into a common genre.  Industrial metal did well in the early 1990s, particularly in North America, with the success of groups such as Nine Inch Nails, but its popularity began to fade in the latter half of the 1990s.
Beauvais Manufactory
The Beauvais Manufactory (French: Manufacture de Beauvais) is a historic tapestry factory in Beauvais, France. It was second in importance, after the Gobelins Manufactory, of French tapestry workshops that were established under the general direction of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the finance minister of Louis XIV. Whereas the royal Gobelins Manufactory executed tapestries for the royal residences and as ambassadorial gifts, the manufacture at Beauvais remained a private enterprise. Beauvais specialised in low-warp tapestry weaving, although the letters patent of 1664, authorising the company and offering royal protection, left the field open for the production of high-warp tapestry as well.

Warp and weft
In the manufacture of cloth, warp and weft are the two basic components in weaving to transform thread and yarn into textile fabrics. The vertical warp yarns are held stationary in tension on a loom (frame) while the horizontal weft (also called the woof) is drawn through (inserted over and under) the warp thread. In the terminology of weaving, each warp thread is called a warp end; a pick is a single weft thread that crosses the warp thread (synonymous terms are fill yarn and filling yarn).

In the 18th century, the Industrial Revolution facilitated the industrialisation of the production of textile fabrics with the picking stick and the flying shuttle, the latter of which was invented by John Kay, in 1733. The mechanised power loom was patented by Edmund Cartwright in 1785, which allowed sixty picks per minute.
Emilus Goodell
Emilus S. Goodell (1848–1920) was a Republican member of the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was elected to the Assembly in 1896. Additionally, he was Sheriff, Supervisor and Chairman of the County Board of Vernon County, Wisconsin. Goodell was born on May 3, 1848, in Oswego County, New York.

Oswego County, New York
Oswego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 117,525. The county seat is Oswego. The county name is from a Mohawk-language word meaning 'the pouring out place', referring to the point at which the Oswego River feeds into Lake Ontario at the northern edge of the county in the city of Oswego. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Oswego County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area.
Foch Sitting Area
Foch Sitting Area is a 0.051-acre (210 m2) green public space in the South Jamaica neighborhood of Queens, New York, at the southeast corner of Foch Boulevard and the northbound service road of the Van Wyck Expressway. Like the adjacent Foch Boulevard, it is named after Ferdinand Foch, Marshal of France in World War I. The road, running between South Ozone Park and South Jamaica, was named following its completion in 1919.

The site of the Foch Sitting Area was acquired by the City of New York in 1946 and developed as part of the Van Wyck Expressway. The broad shoulder space along the highway’s path was planted with trees as a buffer while parcels that were too small to develop became playgrounds and sitting areas.

South Ozone Park
South Ozone Park is a neighborhood in the southwestern section of the New York City borough of Queens. It is just north of John F. Kennedy International Airport, between Aqueduct Racetrack to the west and the Van Wyck Expressway to the east. Adjacent neighborhoods include Ozone Park to the west; Richmond Hill to the north; Jamaica, South Jamaica, and Springfield Gardens to the east; and Howard Beach and Old Howard Beach to the southwest.

Rockaway Boulevard is South Ozone Park's main business strip. There is also a high concentration of small businesses along Liberty Avenue, which is also one of South Ozone Park's main source of revenue.

South Ozone Park is located in Queens Community District 10 and its ZIP Code is 11420. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 106th Precinct. Politically, South Ozone Park is represented by the New York City Council's 28th and 32nd Districts.
Saint Didacus of Alcalá Presenting Juan de Herrera's Son to Christ
Saint Didacus of Alcalá Presenting Juan de Herrera's Son to Christ is a c.1606 oil on panel painting by the Italian Baroque master Annibale Carracci, possibly with studio assistance. Probably his last public work, it is now in a chapel of the church of Santa Maria in Monserrato degli Spagnoli in Rome.

Santa Maria in Monserrato degli Spagnoli
The Spanish National Church of Santiago and Montserrat, known as Church of Holy Mary in Monserrat of the Spaniards (Italian: Santa Maria in Monserrato degli Spagnoli, Spanish: Santa María de Montserrat de los Españoles, Latin: S. Mariae Hispanorum in Monte Serrato) is a Roman Catholic titulus church and  National Church in Rome of Spain, dedicated to the Virgin of Montserrat. It is located in the Rione Regola, at the intersection of alleyway of Via della Barchetta and the narrow Via di Monserrato, with the facade on the latter street, about three blocks northwest of the Palazzo Farnese.

It was established as titular church in 2003. The current Cardinal Priest of the Titulus S. Mariae Hispanorum in Monte Serrato is José Cobo Cano.
French Salad
French Salad is a 1934 comedy play by the British writer Max Catto. It appeared in London's West End between 31 July and 7 September 1934 initially at the Westminster Theatre before transferring to the Royalty Theatre. The West End cast included Clive Morton, Aubrey Dexter, A.R. Whatmore, Hilda Trevelyan, Leonora Corbett, Faith Bennett and Ellen Pollock.

Hilda Trevelyan
Hilda Trevelyan (4 February 1877 – 10 November 1959) was an English actress. Early in her career she became known for her performance in plays by J. M. Barrie, and is probably best remembered for creating the role of Wendy in Peter Pan.

Another early success was as Oliver Twist in a dramatisation of Charles Dickens's novel staged by Herbert Beerbohm Tree. Later in her career she performed in plays by Arnold Bennett, Ian Hay and others, in London and on tour. She retired after her last London play in 1939.