hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dr. Linus
"Dr. Linus" is the seventh episode of the sixth season of ABC's drama television series Lost.  It is the 110th episode overall. The episode was written by executive producers Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz and directed by actor Mario Van Peebles. The episode is centered on Benjamin Linus.

In 2007, Benjamin Linus (Michael Emerson) is forced by Ilana Verdansky (Zuleikha Robinson) to dig his own grave as a consequence of an uncovered lie. Meanwhile, Jack Shephard (Matthew Fox) attempts to convince Richard Alpert (Nestor Carbonell) that they have a purpose. In the "flash-sideways", Ben copes with internal matters in his workplace.

Edward Kitsis
Edward Lawrence Kitsis (born February 4, 1971) is an American screenwriter and television producer, best known for his work with his writing partner Adam Horowitz on the ABC drama series Lost and Once Upon a Time.
Rakauskaitė
Rakauskaitė is a feminine form (unmarried) of Lithuanian surname Rakauskas. Notable people with the surname include:

Daiva Rakauskaitė (born 1971), Lithuanian balloonist

Eglė Rakauskaitė (born 1967), Lithuanian visual artist

Giedrė Rakauskaitė (born 1991), British Paralympic rower

Lithuanian name
A Lithuanian personal name, as in most European cultures, consists of two main elements: the given name (vardas) followed by the family name (pavardė). The usage of personal names in Lithuania is generally governed (in addition to personal taste and family custom) by three major factors: civil law, canon law, and tradition. Lithuanian names always follow the rules of the Lithuanian language. Lithuanian male names have preserved the Indo-European masculine endings (-as; -is; -us). These gendered endings are preserved even for foreign names.
MassEquality
MassEquality is a Boston-based organization that seeks to promote LGBT rights in the U.S. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It supported the implementation of Goodridge v. Department of Public Health, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court's 2003 decision that legalized same-sex marriage, and opposed efforts to adopt an amendment to the Massachusetts Constitution seeking to limit the impact of or annul the ruling.

The coalition was formed in the late 1990s in response to the first attempts in the Massachusetts state legislature to pass a "defense of marriage act" that would have prohibited the recognition of same-sex marriage. MassEquality was formally incorporated in late 2001 as a 501(c)4 advocacy organization, though it operated without staff until after the Goodridge decision.

The organization is a member of the Equality Federation.

Goodridge v. Department of Public Health
Goodridge v. Dept. of Public Health, 798 N.E.2d 941 (Mass. 2003), is a landmark Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court case in which the Court held that the Massachusetts Constitution requires the state to legally recognize same-sex marriage. The November 18, 2003, decision was the first by a U.S. state's highest court to find that same-sex couples had the right to marry. Despite numerous attempts to delay the ruling, and to reverse it, the first marriage licenses were issued to same-sex couples on May 17, 2004, and the ruling has been in full effect since that date.
Life After Life (TV series)
Life After Life is a 2022 British television miniseries created and written by playwright Bash Doran that adapts the 2013 novel Life After Life by Kate Atkinson. The series was directed by John Crowley. It follows the story of Ursula Todd, a woman in the first half of the 20th century who experiences an endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.

The protagonist Ursula Todd dies one night in 1910 before she can draw her first breath. On that same night, she is reborn and survives. Living and dying in different circumstances time and again, Ursula is reborn into new and alternative lives. The story follows Ursula as she navigates each life through a critical era that spans two world wars.

Laurie Kynaston
Laurence Stephen Kynaston (born 24 February 1994) is an English actor. He won an Evening Standard Theatre Award for his performance in The Son, as well as receiving a WhatsOnStage Award nomination. On television, he starred in the BBC Two sitcom Cradle to Grave (2015). His films include England Is Mine (2017) and How to Build a Girl (2019). He was named a 2018 Screen International Star of Tomorrow.

Kynaston was eighteen when he was cast in The Winslow Boy at Theatr Clwyd. He made his West End debut in The Ferryman when it transferred to the Gielgud Theatre. He starred in the Spring Awakening revival at the Almeida Theatre.
Dene Smuts
Mudene "Dene" Smuts (13 July 1949 – 21 April 2016) was a South African politician. She was a member of Parliament for the Democratic Alliance, serving in various capacities, including as Shadow Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development.

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
2018 in chess
Major chess events that took place in 2018 included the Candidates Tournament, won by Fabiano Caruana, who earned the right to challenge Magnus Carlsen in the World Chess Championship 2018. Magnus Carlsen won the match on tiebreaks and retained the title of World Chess Champion. There were two Women's World Chess Championship events; the first a match held in May between Ju Wenjun and Tan Zhongyi, won by Ju Wenjun, and the second, held in November, a 64-player knockout tournament where Ju Wenjun defended her title.

Tan Zhongyi
Tan Zhongyi (Chinese: 谭中怡; born 29 May 1991) is a Chinese chess grandmaster (GM). She is a former Women's World Champion, winning the 2017 knockout edition of the world championship in Iran where she defeated Anna Muzychuk in the final. Tan is also a former Women's World Rapid Champion. She is the three-time reigning Chinese women's national champion, and is a five-time national champion overall with titles in 2015, 2020, 2021, and 2022.

She won the Women's Candidates Tournament 2024, allowing her to compete against Ju Wenjun in the Women's World Chess Championship 2025.
Nucleolus and neural progenitor protein
Nucleolus and neural progenitor protein (NEPRO) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NEPRO gene.

NEPRO functions as a Notch effector for the development and maintenance of neural progenitor cells in the neocortex.

Biallelic variants in NEPRO can cause a very rare ribosomopathy known as anauxetic dysplasia type 3, which is characterized by severely impaired skeletal growth, resulting in severe short stature, brachydactyly, skin laxity, joint hypermobility, and joint dislocations.

Neocortex
The neocortex, also called the neopallium, isocortex or six-layered cortex, is a set of layers of the mammalian cerebral cortex involved in higher-order brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, generation of motor commands, spatial reasoning, and language. The neocortex is further subdivided into the true isocortex and the proisocortex.

In the human brain, the cerebral cortex consists of the larger neocortex and the smaller allocortex, respectively taking up 90% and 10%. The neocortex is made up of six layers, labelled from the outermost inwards, I to VI.
Sparke Evans Park
Sparke Evans Park is a public park on the northern bank of the River Avon in the St Philips Marsh area of Bristol, England. Established in 1902, it was donated to the city by the Sparke Evans family, local industrialists. The park lies off Albert Road and is linked to the Paintworks development in Brislington by the Sparke Evans Park Bridge.

Brislington
Brislington is an area in the south east of the city of Bristol, England. It is on the edge of Bristol and 10 miles (16 km) from Bath. Brislington Brook runs through the area in the woodlands of Nightingale Valley and St Anne's Wood. Brislington formerly housed the HTV West Studios on Bath Road, and this is situated next to the historic Arnos Vale Cemetery. Other notable landmarks include Brislington House and the 15th-century St Luke's Church. During the 18th–19th century, Brislington was regarded as a picturesque country village and contained many country homes.

For elections to Bristol City Council, the area is divided between Brislington East and Brislington West electoral wards. It is in the Bristol East parliamentary constituency.
Ants in the Pants (game)
Ants in the Pants is a game designed by Marvin Glass and Associates, who sold the rights to William H. Schaper, and was originally produced in 1969 by Schaper's company Schaper Toys. In 1986 it was purchased by Hasbro, which still manufactures and markets the game.

The name refers to an idiomatic expression in English which asserts that nervous, fidgety people must have "ants in their pants."  The English word "antsy" (meaning nervous) also derives from this metaphor.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
Jenny Lind's soup
Jenny Lind's soup is a soup named for popular 19th-century singer Jenny Lind. She is supposed to have used this soup to soothe her chest and found it to be beneficial to her voice before performances.

The dish is made from mashed rutabaga or sago, chicken stock thickened with a roux, Gruyère cheese, sage, egg yolks, and heavy cream, and topped with beaten egg whites. (This topping, unfamiliar to many, is a common tradition in French cuisine de famille, as it uses up the whites left over from using the yolks as a thickener).

The soup is mentioned in Isabella Beeton's Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management (1861) which draws on Eliza Acton's Modern Cookery for Private Families (1847); Acton based her description on Mary Howitt, translator of Swedish writer Fredrika Bremer.

Roux
Roux (/ruː/) is a mixture of flour and fat cooked together and used to thicken sauces. Roux is typically made from equal parts of flour and fat by weight. The flour is added to the melted fat or oil on the stove top, blended until smooth, and cooked to the desired level of brownness. A roux can be white, blond (darker), or brown. Butter, bacon drippings, or lard are commonly used fats. Roux is used as a thickening agent for gravy, sauces, soups, and stews. It provides the base for a dish, and other ingredients are added after the roux is complete.
Kim Tiilikainen
Kim Tiilikainen (born 8 July 1975) is a former professional tennis player from Finland, now a tennis coach.

Tiilikainen qualified for his only Grand Slam in 1996, at the French Open. The only Finn in the draw, he was defeated by world no. 27 Andrea Gaudenzi in the opening round.

From 1995 to 2003, Tiilikainen appeared in nine Davis Cup ties for Finland. He won nine matches, all in singles. His best performances include a win over Anastasios Vasiliadis in the fifth and deciding rubber against Greece in 1997 and when he came from two sets down to beat Italian Davide Sanguinetti in 2002. He is the current coach of the Finland Davis Cup team and has coached Polish tennis player Jerzy Janowicz.

1996 French Open
The 1996 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 27 May until 9 June. It was the 95th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1996.
1994 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship of 1994 was the 108th staging of Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition. Offaly won the championship, beating Limerick 3–16 to 2–13 in a sensational final at Croke Park, Dublin.

Wexford GAA
The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Loch Garman) or Wexford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Wexford. The county board is also responsible for the Wexford county teams.

Wexford is one of the few counties to have won the All-Ireland Senior Championship in both football and hurling.

The county hurling team last won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship in 1996.

The county football team has won five All-Ireland Senior Football Championships, with the most recent win achieved in 1918.
No-communication theorem
In physics, the no-communication theorem (also referred to as the no-signaling principle) is a no-go theorem in quantum information theory. It asserts that during the measurement of an entangled quantum state, it is impossible for one observer to transmit information to another observer, regardless of their spatial separation. This conclusion preserves the principle of causality in quantum mechanics and ensures that information transfer does not violate special relativity by exceeding the speed of light.

The theorem is significant because quantum entanglement creates correlations between distant events that might initially appear to enable faster-than-light communication. The no-communication theorem demonstrates that the failure of local causality does not imply that "spooky action at a distance," a phrase originally coined by Einstein, can be used to communicate faster than light.

Alice and Bob
Alice and Bob are fictional characters commonly used as placeholders in discussions about cryptographic systems and protocols, and in other science and engineering literature where there are several participants in a thought experiment. The Alice and Bob characters were created by Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman in their 1978 paper "A Method for Obtaining Digital Signatures and Public-key Cryptosystems". Subsequently, they have become common archetypes in many scientific and engineering fields, such as quantum cryptography, game theory and physics. As the use of Alice and Bob became more widespread, additional characters were added, sometimes with particular meanings. These characters do not have to refer to people; they refer to generic agents which might be different computers or even different programs running on a single computer.
Andy Gullahorn
Andrew Gullahorn is an American Christian musician and music producer, who plays a folk rock style of Christian pop. He has released six studio albums, Old Hat in 1999, Room to Breathe in 2005, Reinventing the Wheel in 2007, The Law of Gravity in 2009, Beyond the Frame in 2013, Fault Lines in 2016, and Everything as It Should Be in 2018. His next album, Winning Streak, releases on June 6, 2025. He was a winner at the Kerrville Folk Festival in 2010.

Christian music
Christian music is a genre of music that has been written to express either personal or a communal belief regarding Christian life and faith. Common themes of Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, and lament, and its forms vary widely around the world. Church music, hymnals, gospel, and worship music are a part of Christian media and also include contemporary Christian music which itself supports numerous Christian styles of music, including hip hop, rock, contemporary worship, and urban contemporary gospel.

Like other forms of music the creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of Christian music varies according to culture and social context. Christian music can serve various functions, such as ceremonial, educational, aesthetical, or for entertainment purposes.
Joe McNally (photographer)
Joe McNally (born July 27, 1952) is an American photographer who has contributed to National Geographic. He is based out of New York City and resides in Ridgefield, Connecticut. He has won four awards from World Press Photo.

Ridgefield, Connecticut
Ridgefield is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut. Situated in the foothills of the Berkshire Mountains and on the New York state border, Ridgefield had a population of 25,033 as of the 2020 census. The town is part of the Western Connecticut Planning Region. The town center, which was formerly a borough, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census-designated place. The town was settled then quickly incorporated by 1709.
Battle of Quang Duc
The Battle of Quang Duc took place from 30 October to 10 December 1973 when North Vietnamese forces attempted to occupy part of Quang Duc Province to expand their logistical network from Cambodia into South Vietnam. While the North Vietnamese attacks were initially successful they were eventually forced out by the South Vietnamese.

Đăk Nông
Đắk Nông, anglicized as Daknong, was a former southern mountainous province in the Central Highlands region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Đắk Lắk to the north, Lâm Đồng to the southeast, Bình Phước and Mondulkiri of Cambodia to the west. It was dissolved and merged with Lâm Đồng province on 12 June 2025.
Gloeoheppia rugosa
Gloeoheppia rugosa is a species of lichen-forming fungus in the family Lichinaceae. It forms small, brownish, stalked scales with a distinctly wrinkled surface, and may become somewhat shrubby in form. The species was described in 1995 from Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, where it grows on volcanic rock. A tentative record from southern California suggests it may also occur in North America.

San Jacinto Mountains
The San Jacinto Mountains (Mohave: Avii Hanupach) are a mountain range in Riverside County, located east of Los Angeles in southern California in the United States. The mountains are named for one of the first Black Friars, Saint Hyacinth (Spanish: San Jacinto), who is a popular patron in Latin America.
Betulia
Betulia can refer to:

The biblical city of Bethulia, alias Betuloua

Betulia, Antioquia in Colombia

Betulia, Santander in Colombia

1580 Betulia (provisional designation: 1950 KA), an Amor asteroid discovered on May 22, 1950

The opera by Pietro Metastasio (see also Mozart's Oratorio Betulia Liberata, K. 118 - 74c)

1580 Betulia
1580 Betulia, provisional designation 1950 KA, is an eccentric, carbonaceous asteroid, classified as near-Earth object of the Amor group, approximately 4.2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 May 1950, by South African astronomer Ernest Johnson at the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. The asteroid was named for Betulia Toro, wife of astronomer Samuel Herrick.
Publius Canidius Crassus
Publius Canidius Crassus (died 30 BC) was a Roman general and Mark Antony's lieutenant. He served under Lepidus in southern Gallia in 43 BC, and was henceforth allied with Antony. He became suffect consul in 40 BC and then served as a commander in Armenia whence he invaded, in 36 BC, Iberia (Georgia), and forced its king Pharnabazus into alliance against Zober, king of Albania. Having subjugated the Iberians and Albanians, Crassus then joined Antony's campaign against Parthia.

In the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, he commanded Antony's land forces against Octavian, having advised Antony before the battle that it would be more advantageous for their forces, together with those of Cleopatra, to fight on land, where they would have had the advantage over those of Octavian.

After Antony's defeat and flight to Egypt, Crassus was accused of deserting his army. He went to Egypt, where he was executed on Octavian's order.

Parthia
Parthia (Old Persian: 𐎱𐎼𐎰𐎺 Parθava; Parthian: 𐭐𐭓𐭕𐭅 Parθaw; Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭫𐭮𐭥𐭡𐭥 Pahlaw) is a historical region located in northeastern Greater Iran. It was conquered and subjugated by the empire of the Medes during the 7th century BC, was incorporated into the subsequent Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC, and formed part of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire after the 4th-century BC conquests of Alexander the Great. The region later served as the political and cultural base of the Eastern Iranian Parni people and Arsacid dynasty, rulers of the Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD). The Sasanian Empire, the last state of pre-Islamic Iran, also held the region and maintained the seven Parthian clans as part of their feudal aristocracy.
Peel station (Montreal Metro)
Peel station is a Montreal Metro station in the borough of Ville-Marie in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is operated by the Société de transport de Montréal (STM) and serves the Green Line. The station opened on October 14, 1966, as part of the original network of the Metro.

Ville-Marie, Montreal
Ville-Marie (French pronunciation: [vil maʁi]) is the name of a borough (arrondissement) in the centre of Montreal, Quebec. The borough is named after Fort Ville-Marie, the French settlement that would later become Montreal (now Old Montreal), which was located within the present-day borough. Old Montreal is a National Historic Site of Canada.

The borough comprises all of downtown Montreal, including the Quartier des spectacles; Old Montreal and the Old Port; the Centre-Sud area; most of Mount Royal Park as well as Saint Helen's Island and Île Notre-Dame.

In 2016, it had a population of 104,944 and an area of 16.5 square kilometres (6.4 mi2).
Hiromu Shinozuka
Hiromu Shinozuka (篠塚 ひろむ, born March 27, 1979) is a Japanese manga artist. She debuted with Takkyu Shōjo in 1999, and writes for Ciao magazine. Her manga Mirmo! received the Kodansha Manga Award for children's manga in 2003 and the Shogakukan Manga Award for children's manga in 2004, and there is a 172-episode anime adaptation as well.

Children's anime and manga
Children's manga (Japanese: 子供向け漫画, Hepburn: kodomo-muke manga) and children's anime (子供向けアニメ, kodomo-muke anime) refer to manga and anime directed towards children. These series are usually moralistic, often educating children about staying in the right path in life. Each chapter is usually a self-contained story. An example of a notable children's anime is Doraemon.
Remington Model 11-96
The Remington Model 11-96, also known as the Euro Lightweight, is a gas-operated semi-automatic shotgun produced from 1996 to 1999 by Remington Arms. It was named 1997 shotgun of the year by Shooting Industry magazine.

The Model 11-96 was a lightened version of the Model 11-87. It was available only in 12 gauge, accepting 2+3⁄4-inch (7.0 cm) or 3-inch (7.6 cm) shells. It was shipped with three choke tubes.

Semi-automatic shotgun
A semi-automatic shotgun is a repeating shotgun with a semi-automatic action, i.e. capable of automatically chambering a new shell after each firing, but requires individual trigger-pull to manually actuate each shot. Semi-automatic shotguns use gas operation, blowback, or recoil operation to cycle the action, eject the empty shell, and load another round. The first semi-automatic shotgun was the Automatic-5 by Browning.

Many semi-automatic shotguns also provide an optional manual means of operation such as by pump action or a charging handle.