hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yuganthaya (film)
Yuganthaya is a 1983 Sri Lankan drama film directed by Lester James Peries; it was adapted from the 1949 novel Yuganthaya by Martin Wickramasinghe, and deals with the beginning of labor unions in Sri Lanka.

The film won Lester Sri Lanka's Presidential Award for best director. Critical reception was mixed, however, and some critics considered the film not at par with Lester's earlier films. It was entered into the 14th Moscow International Film Festival.

Martin Wickramasinghe
Lama Hewage Don Martin Wickramasinghe, MBE (commonly known as Martin Wickramasinghe) (Sinhala: මාර්ටින් වික්‍රමසිංහ) (29 May 1890 – 23 July 1976) was a Sri Lankan journalist and author. His books have been translated into several different languages. Martin Wickramasinghe is often acclaimed as the father of modern Sinhala literature.
Mahendran (actor)
Mahendran is an Indian actor who works in Tamil and Telugu language films. He started acting at the age of 3 and has appeared in over 100 films in six languages as a child actor, a record in India. He is a recipient of two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and two Nandi Awards.

In 2013 he played the lead in Vizha, which was his breakthrough as an adult actor.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Sinister Slaughter
Sinister Slaughter is the second full-length album by American death metal band Macabre and was released in 1993 by Nuclear Blast Records. The cover artwork is a parody on the Beatles album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band featuring the band members, serial killers and mass murderers. The album was re-released in 2000 in a digipak that included the songs off the Behind the Wall of Sleep EP as bonus tracks.

The album's sound has been described as "very unique, offbeat murder metal." The album explores lyrical themes pertaining to serial killers.

Optical disc packaging
Optical disc packaging is the packaging that accompanies CDs, DVDs, and other formats of optical discs. Most packaging is rigid or semi-rigid and designed to protect the media from scratches and other types of exposure damage.
Indian Cave Petroglyphs (West Virginia)
Indian Cave Petroglyphs is a historic archaeological site located near Good Hope, Harrison County, West Virginia. It consists of petroglyphs occupying an area of 20 feet by 4 feet on the back wall of a rockshelter.  These artifacts were first reported by archaeologist William Henry Holmes (1846-1933) of the Bureau of American Ethnology who visited the area in 1889. He also found pottery that indicates an occupation or occupations between 500 and 1675.

The Indian Cave Petroglyphs were again studied by archaeologist James L. Swauger in 1970 and were listed as an archaeological site on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.
Ensenada de Guapilacuy
Ensenada de Guapilacuy (Blight of Guapilacuy) is a broad bay on the eastern shore of Lacuy Peninsula in northern Chiloé Island. It was formerly known as  Puerto Inglés (English Port) after the English pirate George Shelvocke, who stayed in the bay in 1719. Before that, Hendrik Brouwer, the leader of the Dutch expedition to Valdivia, died in the bay on August 7, 1643, before reaching Valdivia.

George Shelvocke
George Shelvocke (baptised 1 April 1675 – 30 November 1742) was an English Royal Navy officer and later privateer who in 1726 wrote the memoir A Voyage Round the World by Way of the Great South Sea based on his exploits. It includes an account of how his second captain, Simon Hatley, shot an albatross off Cape Horn, an incident which provided the dramatic motive in Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.
Commissioners for Oaths (Ireland) Act 1872
The Commissioners for Oaths (Ireland) Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 75) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

The short title for this act was assigned by section 1 of, and the first schedule to the Short Titles Act 1896 (59 & 60 Vict. c. 14).

The act was repealed for the United Kingdom by section 122 of, and the seventh schedule to the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 (1978 c. 23).

The act was retained for the Republic of Ireland by section 2 of, and the first schedule to  the Statute Law Revision Act 2007 (Number 28 of 2007).

Statute Law Revision Act 2007
The Statute Law Revision Act 2007 is an act of the Oireachtas of Ireland which repealed a large amount of pre-1922 legislation of Ireland, England, Great Britain and the United Kingdom while preserving a shorter list of statutes.  The act was the largest single Statute Law Revision Act or repealing measure ever enacted internationally.
Jang Yong-chol
Jang Yong-chol (Korean: 장용철; 1964–2014?) is a North Korean former diplomat.

Jang is likely the son of Jang Myong-hui and Jang Song-kil, which would make him the nephew of Jang Song-thaek. He served in the Korean People's Army between 1980 and 1984 and attended Kim Il Sung University, studying economics.

Early in his career, Jang worked for the Kim Il Sung Youth League (KISYL), first, during the 1990s and early 2000s, as secretary and first secretary of the Pyongyang branch of KISYL. Between 2003 and 2007 Jang was a secretary of the central committee of KISYL.

Jang was appointed the North Korean ambassador to Nepal in 2007. He became the ambassador to Malaysia in August 2010. In late 2013, he was recalled following the execution of Jang Song-thaek. His current position and whereabouts are unknown.  According to Yonhap, multiple sources reported he had been executed along with other members of Jang Song-thaek's family.

Korean People's Army
The Korean People's Army (KPA; Korean: 조선인민군; MR: Chosŏn inmin'gun) encompasses the combined military forces of North Korea and the armed wing of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK). The KPA consists of five branches: the Ground Force, the Naval Force, the Air Force, the Strategic Force, and the Special Operations Forces. It is commanded by the WPK Central Military Commission, which is chaired by the WPK general secretary, and the president of the State Affairs; both posts are currently headed by Kim Jong Un.

The KPA considers its primary adversaries to be the Republic of Korea Armed Forces and United States Forces Korea, across the Korean Demilitarized Zone, as it has since the Armistice Agreement of July 1953. As of 2021 it is the second largest military organisation in the world, with 29.9% of the North Korean population actively serving, in reserve or in a paramilitary capacity.
Sirojiddin Khasanov
Sirojiddin Khasanov (born 2 September 1995) is an Uzbekistani freestyle wrestler. He represented Uzbekistan at the 2018 Asian Games held in Indonesia and he won one of the bronze medals in the men's 65 kg event. He is also a silver medalist at the Asian Wrestling Championships.

Asian Wrestling Championships
Asian Wrestling Championships is the Wrestling Asian Championship organized by the Asian Associated Wrestling Committee (AAWC).

The men's tournament began in 1979 and The women's tournament was first staged in 1996, and it has been held every year.
Woolley, West Yorkshire
Woolley is a village and civil parish that straddles the border of West Yorkshire and South Yorkshire, in Northern England. It had a population of 575 in 2001, which increased to 1,339 at the 2011 Census. It is 6 miles (10 km) north of Barnsley, and 7 miles (11 km) south of Wakefield.

Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.
Ptolemy (Gnostic)
Ptolemy the Gnostic, (Greek: Πτολεμαίος ο Γνωστικός Latin: Ptolemaeus Gnosticus) was a disciple of the Gnostic teacher Valentinius and is known for the Letter to Flora, an epistle he wrote to a wealthy woman named Flora, herself not a Gnostic.

Epistle
An epistle (/ɪˈpɪsəl/; from Ancient Greek  ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ) 'letter') is a writing directed or sent to a person or group of people, usually an elegant and formal didactic letter. The epistle genre of letter-writing was common in ancient Egypt as part of the scribal-school writing curriculum. The letters in the New Testament from Apostles to Christians are usually referred to as epistles. Those traditionally attributed to Paul are known as Pauline epistles and the others as catholic (i.e., "general") epistles.
Pasaia station
Pasaia is a railway station in Pasaia, Basque Country, Spain. It is owned by Euskal Trenbide Sarea and operated by Euskotren. It lies on the San Sebastián-Hendaye railway, popularly known as the Topo line. The Cercanías San Sebastián station of the same name is located close to the Euskotren station, but the two are not connected.

Euskal Trenbide Sarea
Euskal Trenbide Sarea (Basque for 'Basque Railway Network', Spanish: Red Ferroviaria Vasca), commonly known by its acronym ETS, is a railway infrastructure manager operating in the Basque Country, Spain. The company was formed in 2004, but the railway infrastructure it operates was transferred from Euskotren in 2006. It is a member of the International Union of Railways.

The company owns the network in which Euskotren operates (including the Irauregi–Lutxana and Ariz–Basurto freight lines), as well as the infrastructure of the Bilbao and Vitoria-Gasteiz tram systems. It also shares the ownership of lines 1 and 2 of the Bilbao metro with the Biscay Transport Consortium. The company is also building the Gipuzkoan branch of the Basque Y high-speed line under an agreement with ADIF.
1943 Tosya–Ladik earthquake
The 1943 Tosya–Ladik earthquake occurred at 01:20 local time on 27 November, near Tosya, Kastamonu Province, in northern Turkey. The earthquake had an estimated moment magnitude of 7.5–7.7 and a maximum felt intensity of XI (Catastrophic) on the MSK-64 scale. Its effects were observed for over 45,000 km2. The earthquake was felt in Trabzon, Isparta, Elazığ, Zonguldak and Yozgat. Damage was seen in Kastamonu, Çankırı, Çorum, Amasya, Samsun, Tokat, Sinop and Ordu. As a result of the earthquake, more than 2,500 were killed and 5,000 were injured.

Sinop Province
Sinop Province (Turkish: Sinop ili) is a province of Turkey, along the Black Sea. It is located between 41 and 42 degrees North latitude and between 34 and 35 degrees East longitude. Its area is 5,717 km2, equivalent to 0.73% of Turkey's total area, and its population is 220,799 (2022). The borders total 475 km and consists of 300 km of land and 175 km seaside borders. Its adjacent provinces are Kastamonu on the west, Çorum on the south, and Samsun on the southeast.

The capital of Sinop Province is the coastal city Sinop. The city situated at Black Sea coast, Sinop was renowned for its picturesque harbors, the notable landmarks are Sinop Fortress and Sinop Fortress Prison.
The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills season 12
The twelfth season of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, an American reality television series, aired on Bravo from May 11, 2022 to October 26, 2022, and is primarily filmed in Beverly Hills, California.

The season focuses on the personal and professional lives of Kyle Richards, Lisa Rinna, Erika Jayne, Dorit Kemsley, Garcelle Beauvais, Crystal Kung Minkoff, Sutton Stracke and Diana Jenkins. The season consisted of 24 episodes.

The season's executive producers are Andrew Hoegl, Barrie Bernstein, Lisa Shannon, Pam Healy and Andy Cohen.

The season marked the final appearance of Lisa Rinna after announcing her exit in January 2023. That same month, newcomer Diana Jenkins announced her own exit from the series after one season.

Kyle Richards
Kyle Egan Richards Umansky (née Richards; born January 11, 1969) is an American actress, socialite, and television personality. Since 2010, she has appeared as a main cast member on The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, and since 2020, she has been the last remaining original full time cast member on the show. She is also the longest-running consecutive housewife in franchise history.

She began her career as a child actress, appearing in a recurring role on Little House on the Prairie, and in several adventure and horror films, including Tobe Hooper's Eaten Alive (1976), The Car (1977), and Walt Disney’s The Watcher in the Woods (1980), as well as portraying Lindsey Wallace in John Carpenter's Halloween (1978) and later Halloween Kills (2021) and its sequel, Halloween Ends (2022). In 2017, she was a contestant on The New Celebrity Apprentice (also known as The Celebrity Apprentice 8), playing for the charity Children's Hospital Los Angeles.
Boonsong Lekagul
Boonsong Lekagul (15 December 1907 – 9 February 1992) was a Thai medical doctor, biologist, ornithologist, herpetologist, and conservationist.

He was born at Songkhla in southern Thailand and received a medical degree from Chulalongkorn University in Bangkok in 1933.  In 1935 he established Thailand's first polyclinic in Bangkok.  At first a keen hunter, he became a strong conservationist as he saw Thailand's forests and wildlife becoming fragmented and destroyed.  In 1952 he founded the Association for the Conservation of Wildlife.  In the mid-1950s, he and the ACW lobbied for a bird sanctuary on the banks of the Chao Phraya River to protect the only known nesting site in Thailand of the openbill stork.  In 1962 he founded the Bangkok Bird Club (the Bird Conservation Society of Thailand since 1993) and worked actively with the International Council for Bird Preservation and the World Wildlife Fund.

Chao Phraya River
The Chao Phraya River (Thai: แม่น้ำเจ้าพระยา) is the major river in Thailand, with its low alluvial plain forming the centre of the country. It flows through Bangkok and then into the Gulf of Thailand.
House at 13 Sheffield Road
The House at 13 Sheffield Road in Wakefield, Massachusetts is a well-preserved Craftsman/Bungalow style house.  The 1+1⁄2-story house was built c. 1918 out of fieldstone with a stucco exterior.  The roof has extended eaves with exposed purlins, and a large cross-gable section on the right side.  Strapwork on the walls give the house a Tudor Revival appearance.  The subdivision in which it was built was laid out in 1916 in an area known as Cowdrey's Hill, after an early settler.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Wakefield, Massachusetts
Wakefield is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the greater Boston metropolitan area, incorporated in 1812 and located about 12.5 mi (20.1 km) north-northwest of Downtown Boston. Wakefield's population was 27,090 at the 2020 census. Wakefield offers an assortment of activities around the local lake, Lake Quannapowitt.
Central Avenue Bridge (Kansas City, Kansas)
The Central Avenue Bridge is two level deck truss bridge over the Kansas River in Kansas City, Kansas.
It was built in 1918, and rebuilt in 1984. It is just south of the Kansas City Southern Bridge, and north of the I-670 Viaduct over the Kansas River.

Kansas City, Kansas
Kansas City (commonly known as KCK) is the third-most populous city in the U.S. state of Kansas and the county seat of Wyandotte County. It is an inner suburb of the older and more populous Kansas City, Missouri, after which it is named. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 156,607, making it one of four principal cities in the Kansas City metropolitan area. It is situated at Kaw Point, the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers. It is part of a consolidated city-county government known as the "Unified Government". It is the location of the University of Kansas Medical Center and Kansas City Kansas Community College.
2024 Southern Illinois 100
The 2024 Southern Illinois 100 was the 16th stock car race of the 2024 ARCA Menards Series season, and the 44th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, September 1, 2024, at the DuQuoin State Fairgrounds Racetrack in Du Quoin, Illinois, a 1-mile (1.6 km) permanent oval-shaped dirt track. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. Brent Crews, driving for Venturini Motorsports, would hold off pole winner William Sawalich. To fill out the podium, Sawalich, driving for Joe Gibbs Racing and Andrés Pérez de Lara, driving for Rev Racing, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Rev Racing
Rev Racing, short for Revolution Racing, was an auto racing team competing at the regional level of NASCAR. Owned by former Dale Earnhardt, Inc. president Max Siegel, the team primarily fielded participants in the Drive for Diversity, an initiative to bring more minority and female drivers into the sport. Formerly in all three ARCA Menards Series, the team last fielded two Chevrolet SS teams: The No. 2 part-time for Lanie Buice and the No. 6 full-time for Lavar Scott. The team also fielded late model entries for various drivers, and has fielded entries for future NASCAR national series winners Kyle Larson, Bubba Wallace, and Daniel Suárez in the past. The team formally competed in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series.
Kaspersen
Kaspersen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anja Kaspersen (fl. 2017), Norwegian political scientist

Kjell Kaspersen (1939–2025), Norwegian footballer

Konrad Kaspersen (born 1948), Norwegian jazz musician

Kristin Kaspersen (born 1969), Swedish-Norwegian television host

Kjell Kaspersen
Kjell Kaspersen (7 April 1939 – 15 November 2025) was a Norwegian footballer. For many years he was goalkeeper for Skeid and the Norway national team. He was league champion in 1966, and was elected Player of the Year by Verdens Gang in 1964.

Kaspersen was capped 34 times for Norway. In a friendly match versus Thailand in 1965 he scored from a penalty kick, thereby being the only goalkeeper to score for Norway.

He was married to Swedish singer Lill-Babs between 1969 and 1973. Their daughter is Swedish television personality Kristin Kaspersen. Kjell Kaspersen died on 15 November 2025, at the age of 86.
2007 Wimbledon Championships – Boys' singles
Donald Young defeated Uladzimir Ignatik in the final, 7–5, 6–1 to win the boys' singles tennis title at the 2007 Wimbledon Championships.

Thiemo de Bakker was the defending champion, but was no longer eligible to compete in junior events.

Thiemo de Bakker
Thiemo Carsten Jannick de Bakker (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtimoː də ˈbɑkər]; born 19 September 1988) is a Dutch tennis coach and a former professional player. He has an ATP career-high ranking in singles of World No. 40 achieved on 19 July 2010.
Eurythenes gryllus
Eurythenes gryllus is a relatively large species of amphipod found worldwide in cold, deep oceans. This widespread and often common species is benthic and lives at depths of 550–7,800 m (1,800–25,600 ft).

It is a predator and scavenger that is fast-swimming and has a highly developed long-range chemoreceptive tracking ability, allowing large numbers to rapidly congregate at carcasses that reach the bottom.

Chemoreceptor
A chemoreceptor, also known as chemosensor, is a specialized sensory receptor which transduces a chemical substance (endogenous or induced) to generate a biological signal. This signal may be in the form of an action potential, if the chemoreceptor is a neuron, or in the form of a neurotransmitter that can activate a nerve fiber if the chemoreceptor is a specialized cell, such as taste receptors, or an internal peripheral chemoreceptor, such as the carotid bodies. In physiology, a chemoreceptor detects changes in the normal environment, such as an increase in blood levels of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) or a decrease in blood levels of oxygen (hypoxia), and transmits that information to the central nervous system which engages body responses to restore homeostasis.

In bacteria, chemoreceptors are essential in the mediation of chemotaxis.
IC 4617
IC 4617 is a type Sbc spiral galaxy located in the Hercules constellation. It is located 553 million light-years from the Solar System and has an estimated diameter of 115,000 light-years thus making it slightly larger compared to the Milky Way. The galaxy was discovered by American astronomer, Edward Emerson Barnard or E. E. Barnard although no date of discovery was confirmed. IC 4617 is a member of Abell 2199 and happens to lie near towards the globular cluster, Messier 13.

Edward Emerson Barnard
Edward Emerson Barnard /ˈbɑːrnərd/ (December 16, 1857 – February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer. He was commonly known as E. E. Barnard, and was recognized as a gifted observational astronomer. He is best known for his discovery of the high proper motion of Barnard's Star in 1916, which is named in his honor.
Spark (mathematics)
In mathematics, more specifically in linear algebra, the spark of a  matrix  is the smallest integer  such that there exists a set of  columns in  which are linearly dependent. If all the columns are linearly independent,  is usually defined to be 1 more than the number of rows. The concept of matrix spark finds applications in error-correction codes, compressive sensing, and matroid theory, and provides a simple criterion for maximal sparsity of solutions to a system of linear equations.

The spark of a matrix is NP-hard to compute.

Linear independence
In linear algebra,  a set of vectors is said to be linearly independent if there exists no vector in the set that is equal to a linear combination of the other vectors in the set. If such a vector exists, then the vectors are said to be linearly dependent. Linear independence is part of the definition of linear basis.

A vector space can be of finite dimension or infinite dimension depending on the maximum number of linearly independent vectors.  The definition of linear dependence and the ability to determine whether a subset of vectors in a vector space is linearly dependent are central to determining the dimension of a vector space.