hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Caramel
Caramel (/ˈkærəˌmɛl/, /ˈkærəməl/ or (US) /ˈkɑːrməl/) is a range of food ingredients made by heating sugars to high temperatures. It is used as a flavoring in puddings and desserts, as a filling in bonbons or candy bars, as a topping for ice cream and custard, and as a colorant commonly used in drinks.

The process of caramelization primarily consists of heating sugars slowly to around 170 °C (340 °F). As the sugar heats, the molecules break down and re-form into compounds with a characteristic colour and flavour.

A variety of sweets, desserts, toppings, and confections are made with caramel, including tres leches cake, brittles, nougats, pralines, flan, crème brûlée, crème caramel, and caramel apples. Ice creams are sometimes flavored with or contain swirls of caramel.

Crème brûlée
Crème brûlée (/ˌkrɛm bruːˈleɪ/; French: [kʁɛm bʁy.le]), also known as burnt cream, Cambridge burnt cream, or Trinity cream, and virtually identical to crema catalana, is a dessert consisting of a rich custard base topped with a layer of hardened caramelized sugar. It is normally served slightly chilled; the heat from the caramelizing process tends to warm the top of the custard, while leaving the center cool. The custard base is generally flavored with vanilla in French cuisine, but can have other flavorings. It is sometimes garnished with fruit.
1916 Svenska Mästerskapet final
The 1916 Svenska Mästerskapet final was played on 22 October 1916 between the sixth-time finalists AIK and the eight-time finalists Djurgårdens IF. The match decided the winner of 1916 Svenska Mästerskapet, the football cup to determine the Swedish champions. AIK won their fifth title with a 3–1 victory at Stockholm Olympic Stadium in Stockholm.

AIK Fotboll
AIK Fotboll (LSE: 0DI2), more commonly known simply as AIK (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːiːˌkoː]), an abbreviation for Allmänna Idrottsklubben (meaning the public or general sports club), and internationally known as AIK Stockholm, is a Swedish professional football club from Stockholm, competing in Allsvenskan, the top flight of Swedish football. The club was founded 1891 and the football department was formed in 1896. AIK's home ground is Strawberry Arena, located in Solna, bordering Stockholm City Centre.

AIK has 12 championship titles and is third in the all-time Allsvenskan table. The club holds the record for having played the most seasons in the Swedish top flight.

In Europe, AIK reached the quarter-finals of the 1996–97 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, qualified for the 1999–00 UEFA Champions League group stage, and competed in the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League group stage.
Margareta Sjöstedt
Margareta Sjöstedt, also Sjöstedt-Kraus, (1923–2012) was a Swedish-Austrian contralto who received voice training in Stockholm, Salzburg and Vienna. She gave her first lieder recital in 1951 in Stockholm. From 1955 until her retirement in 1982, she was engaged by the Vienna State Opera where she took part in over a thousand performances, appearing in parallel in lieder recitals and at the Salzburg Festivals. She was a guest singer in the opera houses of Madrid, Lisbon, Dublin and Berlin and gave recitals in Paris and London.

Salzburg Festival
The Salzburg Festival (German: Salzburger Festspiele) is a prominent festival of music and drama established in 1920. It is held each summer, for five weeks starting in late July, in Salzburg, Austria, the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Mozart's operas are a focus of the festival; one highlight is the annual performance of Hofmannsthal's play Jedermann (Everyman).

Since 1967, an annual Salzburg Easter Festival has also been held, organized by a separate organization.
Thynnichthys sandkhol
Thynnichthys sandkhol, the Sandkhol carp, is a species of cyprinid of the genus Thynnichthys. It inhabits the Krishna River and Godavari River in India. Described in 1839 by William Henry Sykes (as Leuciscus sandkhol), it is classified as "endangered" on the IUCN Red List, and its population is declining. It has a maximum length among unsexed males of 46.0 centimetres (18.1 in) and is considered harmless to humans.

William Henry Sykes
Colonel William Henry Sykes, FRS (25 January 1790 – 16 June 1872) was an English naturalist who served with the British military in India and was specifically known for his work with the Indian Army as a politician, Indologist and ornithologist. One of the pioneers of the Victorian statistical movement, a founder of the Royal Statistical Society, he conducted surveys and examined the efficiency of army operation. Returning from service in India, he became a director of the East India Company and a member of parliament representing Aberdeen.
Four Lane Ends Interchange
The Four Lane Ends Interchange is a multimodal transport hub in the borough of North Tyneside in the English metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear. It includes a station on the Tyne and Wear Metro, a bus station and a multi-storey car park. The metro station opened on 11 August 1980, but it is situated on the site of a previous station that opened in 1864, closed in 1871, and was variously called Benton, Long Benton and Longbenton.

The interchange serves the suburbs of Benton and Longbenton. Nearby employment sites include Benton Park View to the west, Tyneview Park to the south east, and Quorum Business Park to the north.

Transport hub
A transport hub  is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles and/or between transport modes. Public transport hubs include railway stations, rapid transit stations, bus stops, tram stops, airports, and ferry slips.

Freight hubs include classification yards, airports, inland ports, seaports, and truck terminals, or combinations of these.

For private transport by car, the parking lot functions as an unimodal hub.
The Little Humpbacked Horse (1947 film)
The Little Humpbacked Horse (Russian: Конёк-Горбуно́к; tr.:Konyok Gorbunok, that is The Little Horse - Little Humpback), is a 1947 Soviet/Russian traditionally animated feature film directed by I. Ivanov-Vano and produced by the Soyuzmultfilm studio in Moscow. The film is based on the literary fairy tale poem with the same title by Pyotr Pavlovich Yershov, and because of this, it is spoken in rhyme. The English dub has few rhymes and is not an overall feature.

A remake also by Ivanov-Vano and Soyuzmultfilm was released in 1975. This version, translated in English by George Molko, was released on October 25, 1977, as The Magic Pony.

The Little Humpbacked Horse
The Little Humpbacked Horse (Russian: Конёк-Горбуно́к, romanized: Konyok-Gorbunok) is a Russian literary fairy tale in verse by Pyotr Yershov written in 1830s and first published in 1834. Its protagonist is Ivan the Fool with his magical helper, little humpback horse.

It has become a Russian literary classic. Until 1917, the tale was reprinted 26 times, in the USSR it went through more than 130 editions.

The tale is a version of the Golden-Maned Steed fairy-tale motif, about a horse with wondrous abilities. The plot of this story uses a combination of several motifs used in a number of folktales, such as  Tsarevitch Ivan, the Fire Bird and the Gray Wolf (a tale classified in the Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as type ATU 550, "Bird, Horse and Princess") and some others. The East Slavic Folktale Catalogue classifies the motif of the poem  with the eponymous type СУС 531, "Конёк-Горбунок", of
Dzhira
Dzhira (Russian: Джира), Zhira (Russian: Жира) or Dzhiry (Russian: Джиры), is a salt lake in Kulundinsky District, Altai Krai, Russian Federation.

The lake is located in the western part of the Krai. The nearest inhabited places are Sergeyevka, 5.5 kilometers (3.4 mi) to the west, Yagotinskaya, 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) to the northeast, and Ananyevka 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) to the southeast. Kulunda, the district capital, lies 31 kilometers (19 mi) to the WSW.

There are large gypsum deposits at the lake estimated at about 9,000,000 metric tons (8,900,000 long tons; 9,900,000 short tons). The gypsum is of good quality, not containing harmful impurities and not caking during storage. At the time of the USSR the Ministry of the Medical Industry built a plant on the shore of lake Dzhira for the extraction of raw gypsum. The project was, however, abandoned. The plant never began to operate and  was subsequently mothballed and destroyed.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Yeonhui-dong, Seoul
Yeonhui-dong (Korean: 연희동) is a dong (neighbourhood) at the center of Seodaemun District, Seoul, South Korea. It is an area in Seoul near Yonsei university, and actually the name Yonsei comes from the combination of Yeonhui (the former Yonhee College) and Severance (the former Severance Union Medical College, Severance Hospital).

A strategic position during the Korean War (Hill 104), the area is bordered by Hongjecheon to the West (a stream overlooked by an important expressway), Ansan to the East (the mountain where Yonsei University is located), and Yeonnam-dong (Mapo District) to the South.

Seodaemun District office is situated at the top of this triangle, along with the Seodaemun Health Center (서대문 보건소) and the Seodaemun Youth Center (서대문청소년수련관), with its public swimming pool.

Dong (administrative division)
A dong (Korean: 동; IPA: [to̞ŋ]) or neighborhood is a submunicipal level administrative unit of a city and of those cities which are not divided into wards throughout Korea. The unit is often translated as neighborhood and has been used in administrative divisions of both North Korea and South Korea.
Anna C. Chave
Anna C. Chave is an art historian and professor at Queens College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York (CUNY). She is best known for her research and publications on modern sculpture and the New York School. She has published many essays concerned with issues of gender and identity, reception and interpretation, mainly with respect to 20th century art. Her artist subjects have ranged from early Pablo Picasso and Georgia O'Keeffe, to Jackson Pollock and Hannah Wilke.

Hannah Wilke
Hannah Wilke (born Arlene Hannah Butter; (March 7, 1940 – January 28, 1993) was an American painter, sculptor, photographer, video artist and performance artist. Her work is known for exploring issues of feminism, sexuality and femininity.
Zawisza Czerwony
Zawisza Czerwony aka Zawisza Oleśnicki (died 1433; "Zawisza the Red" aka "Zawisza of Oleśnica") was a Polish medieval nobleman and knight, courtier to Queen Jadwiga and member of the Kingdom of Poland's royal administration.

A lower judge at Sandomierz, for his services to Queen Jadwiga he was awarded a large estate in Sącz, which he sold to the town council for the establishment of a hospital. Jan Długosz, in his famous chronicle, repeats the anecdote about how Queen Jadwiga sent Zawisza the Red to observe the appearance of her husband, 31 years older than the Queen, to be and report his observations to her. Władysław Jagiełło, being very astute, quickly found out about the nature of this visit and invited the queen's courtier to the bath where he could observe the future king-consort in his full glory. The report given by Zawisza to his queen was favorable.

Zawisza the Red was of Dębno coat of arms.

Sandomierz
Sandomierz (pronounced: [sanˈdɔmjɛʂ] ⓘ; Latin: Sandomiria, Yiddish: צויזמר, צוזמיר, romanized: Tsouzmer, Tsoyzmer) is a historic town in south-eastern Poland with 23,863 inhabitants (as of 2017), situated on the Vistula River near its confluence with the San, in the Sandomierz Basin. It is the capital of Sandomierz County within the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. Sandomierz is known for its preserved Old Town, a major cultural and tourist attraction which the President of Poland declared a National Monument of Poland in 2017.

In the past, Sandomierz was one of the most important urban centers not only of Lesser Poland, but also of the whole country. It was a royal city of the Polish Crown and functioned as a regional administrative centre from the High Middle Ages to the 19th century.
Queilén
Queilén is a town and commune in Chiloé Province, in the Archipelago of Chiloé in southern Chile. It covers a portion of the southeast of the Greater Island of Chiloé, between the communes of Chonchi, Quellón, Tranqui Island and Acuy Island. For the 2002 census, the population of the town had grown to 1,912 inhabitants, according to INE; the municipality had a population of 5,138.

Its capital is the town of the same name, known on the island for its beaches and views of the Gulf of Corcovado and the Andes. It has a quieter atmosphere than the larger towns of the province (Ancud, Castro and Quellón). It was founded by Anthony Cipriano in the early nineteenth century.

This community has with the Public Library No. 333, which since 2002 joined the program Biblioredes services, allowing free access to Internet and technology services closer to all inhabitants from the community.

Corcovado National Park (Chile)
Corcovado National Park is an 2,940-square-kilometre (726,000-acre) preserved area of Valdivian temperate rainforest, high peaks, alpine lakes, and rivers in Chile's Los Lagos Region.  This coastal park borders the Gulf of Corcovado to the west and includes the iconic volcanoes Corcovado and Yanteles. This preserved area has one public access trail along the Carretera Austral.
Beinn na h-Uamha
Beinn na h-Uamha (762.4 m) is a mountain in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It lies in the Ardgour area of Lochaber, west of the village of Corran and is the smallest Corbett in Scotland.

A steep and rugged peak, it provides fantastic views of Loch Linnhe and Sgùrr Dhòmhnuill from its summit.

Northwest Highlands
57°30′N 5°0′W﻿ / ﻿57.500°N 5.000°W﻿ / 57.500; -5.000
The Northwest Highlands are located in the northern third of Scotland that is separated from the Grampian Mountains by the Great Glen (Glen More). The region comprises Wester Ross, Assynt, Sutherland and part of Caithness. The Caledonian Canal, which extends from Loch Linnhe in the south-west, via Loch Ness to the Moray Firth in the north-east splits this area from the rest of the country. The city of Inverness and the town of Fort William serve as gateways to the region from the south.
Ismo
Ismo is a given name. Notable people and characters with the name include:

Ismo Alanko (born 1960), Finnish musician

Ismo Falck (born 1966), Finnish archer

Ismo Hölttö (born 1940), Finnish photographer

Ismo Junni (1943–1995), Finnish serial killer and arsonist

Ismo Kamesaki (born 1970), Finnish wrestler

Ismo Kanerva (born 1942), Finnish rower

Ismo Laitela, fictional character in the Finnish soap opera Salatut elämät

Ismo Lehkonen (born 1962), Finnish ice hockey player

Ismo Leikola (born 1979), Finnish comedian

Ismo Lius (born 1965), Finnish footballer

Ismo Sajakorpi (born 1944), Finnish director and screenwriter

Ismo Toukonen (born 1954), Finnish steeplechase runner

Ismo Villa (1954–2014), Finnish ice hockey player

Ismo Vorstermans (born 1989), Dutch footballer

Ismo Lius
Ismo Lius (born 30 November 1965) is a Finnish former professional footballer who played as a  forward. During his club career, Lius played for Kuusysi Lahti, Örgryte IS, HJK Helsinki, RoPS and FC Hämeenlinna. Lius led the league in goal-scoring during 1986, 1986, 1988 and 1989. He made 36 appearances for the Finland national team, scoring 3 goals.
Natpu
Natpu (transl. Friendship) is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Ameerjan and written by Vairamuthu. The film is based on a novel by Vairamuthu that was serialised in Kumudam. It stars Karthik, Sripriya, Radha Ravi and Senthil. The film was released on 11 April 1986, and won two Cinema Express Awards.

Senthil
Senthil (born 23 March 1951) is an Indian comedy actor who works in Tamil cinema. He is famous for his comedian roles along with fellow actor Goundamani. The pair dominated the Tamil industry as comedians in the 1980s and 90s. They were described as "Tamil cinema's Laurel and Hardy."
You Will Remember
You Will Remember is a 1941 British musical drama film directed by Jack Raymond and starring Robert Morley, Emlyn Williams and Dorothy Hyson. It portrays the life of the composer Leslie Stuart. Featured songs include "Tell Me Pretty Maiden", "Sue", "Florodora", "Lily of Laguna", "Soldiers of the King" and "Dolly Daydream".

The title stems from the master of ceremonies in the British music halls who would say "You will remember (this song)" when introducing old favourites.

Soldiers of the Queen (song)
Soldiers of the Queen is a song written and composed by Leslie Stuart. The song is often sung and published as "Soldiers of the King" depending on the reigning monarch at the time. The tune was originally composed by Stuart as a march celebrating the opening of the Manchester Ship Canal. The lyrics were added at a later date and the title changed. The song was then interpolated in the musical comedy An Artist's Model (1895).

The song served as the regimental (quick) march of the Queen's Regiment from 1966 to 1992. It is also the regimental march of the Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians), the second most senior of Canada's Cavalry Regiments.

It was used as the theme to the film, Breaker Morant.
Archie P. McDonald
Archie Philip McDonald (November 29, 1935 – August 16, 2012) was an American historian with a focus on the history of Texas. He served as director of the East Texas Historical Association as well as editor of the East Texas Historical Journal, from 1971 until his 2008 retirement, a 37 year span. For over 40 years of his life, he was faculty at Stephen F. Austin State University, and during his tenure also served as the university's community liaison. By 1983, he had authored 16 books, largely about Texan history; that number had risen to over 20 by 2003.

Liaison officer
A liaison officer is a person who liaises between two or more organizations to communicate and coordinate their activities on a matter of mutual concern. Generally, liaison officers are used for achieving the best utilization of resources, or employment of services of one organization by another. Liaison officers often provide technical or subject matter expertise of their parent organization. Usually, an organization embeds or attaches a liaison officer into another organization to provide face-to-face coordination.
Fuselage
The fuselage (/ˈfjuːzəlɑːʒ/; from the French fuselé "spindle-shaped") is an aircraft's main body section. It holds crew, passengers, or cargo. In single-engine aircraft, it will usually contain an engine as well, although in some amphibious aircraft the single engine is mounted on a pylon attached to the fuselage, which in turn is used as a floating hull. The fuselage also serves to position the control and stabilization surfaces in specific relationships to lifting surfaces, which is required for aircraft stability and maneuverability.

Wing
A wing is a structure which produces both lift and drag while moving through air. Wings are defined by two shape characteristics, an airfoil section and a planform. Wing efficiency is expressed as lift-to-drag ratio, which compares the benefit of lift with the air resistance of a given wing shape, as it flies. Aerodynamics includes the study of wing performance in air.

Equivalent foils that move through water are found on hydrofoil power vessels and foiling sailboats that lift out of the water at speed and on submarines that use diving planes to point the boat upwards or downwards, while running submerged. The study of foil performance in water is a subfield of Hydrodynamics.
Iosif Dan
Iosif Dan (commonly known as Dan Iosif, 14 October 1950 – 5 December 2007) was a Romanian politician who was a leading figure in the 1989 Romanian Revolution, leading protests in Bucharest in the final days of Nicolae Ceauşescu's 25-year rule.

Iosif was born in Bucharest. In 1969, he graduated from 'Şcoala de maiştri militari', a military school in Sibiu, Romania. Iosif was a presidential adviser and faithful political adept of Ion Iliescu, permanently being a member of Iliescu's party (FSN, FDSN, PDSR, and PSD). He served as a senator for multiple terms, and during his final days he was a member of the Romanian Chamber of Deputies.
A controversial figure, in 2006 he was heard in connection to the 1990 Mineriad, being investigated under suspicion of crimes against humanity and undermining state power, along with some twenty others. Iosif died of lung cancer in a clinic in Novosibirsk, Russia, where he had been undergoing treatment since November 2007.

Senate of Romania
The Senate (Romanian: Senat) is the upper house in the bicameral Parliament of Romania. It has 136 seats (before the 2016 parliamentary election the total number of elected representatives was 176), to which members are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation in 43 electoral districts (the 41 counties, the city of Bucharest plus 1 constituency for the Romanians living abroad), to serve four-year terms.
Respiratory system of insects
An insect's respiratory system is the  system with which it introduces respiratory gases to its interior and performs gas exchange.

Air enters the respiratory systems of insects through a series of external openings called spiracles. These external openings, which act as muscular valves in some insects, lead to the internal respiratory system, a densely networked array of tubes called tracheae. This network of transverse and longitudinal tracheae equalizes pressure throughout the system.

It is responsible for delivering sufficient oxygen (O2) to all cells of the body and for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) that is produced as a waste product of cellular respiration. The respiratory system of insects (and many other arthropods) is separate from the circulatory system.

Dioxygen in biological reactions
Dioxygen (O2) plays an important role in the energy metabolism of living organisms. Free oxygen is produced in the biosphere through photolysis (light-driven oxidation and splitting) of water during photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, green algae, and plants. During oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration, oxygen is reduced to water, thus closing the biological water-oxygen redox cycle.
Robert Hanham Collyer
Robert Hanham Collyer (1814 – c. 1891) was a British physician, phrenologist, mesmerist, lecturer, author, and inventor mostly active on the east coast of America and Canada during the 19th-century.

Collyer was known for his showmanship and became a popular traveling lecturer. In 1839, he discovered, conceived, and promoted the practice of "phreno-magnetism", but relinquished his claims as mistaken by mid-1843.

He was also involved in a number of scandals and rivalries, including a claim that he originated inhalation anesthesia for surgery before William T. G. Morton, who is generally credited with the discovery.

La Roy Sunderland
La Roy Sunderland (May 18, 1804 – May 15, 1885) was an American minister and abolitionist. He left the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1842 after a dispute over slavery and helped organize the Wesleyan Methodist Church the next year. He was also a noted mental philosopher.

Sunderland was born on May 18, 1802 in Exeter, Rhode Island. He was an ordained clergyman in the Methodist Episcopal Church from 1826 to 1843, when he surrendered his surrendered his credentials. He formed the Methodist Antislavery Society in 1834 and wrote the essay “An Appeal on the Subject of Slavery” in the newspaper Zion’s Herald that year as well supporting abolitionism.