hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coast Guard Day
Coast Guard Day is held every August 4 to commemorate the founding of the United States Coast Guard as the Revenue-Marine on August 4, 1790, by then-Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton. On that date, U.S. Congress, guided by Hamilton, authorized the building of a fleet of the first ten Revenue Service cutters, whose responsibility would be enforcement of the first tariff laws enacted by the U.S. Congress under the U.S. Constitution.

First ten Revenue Service cutters
The first ten Revenue Service cutters were ten oceangoing cutters built at the behest of the 1st United States Congress in the early 1790s to crack down on smuggling. Since the United States Navy had at the time not yet been formed (it was established in 1798), these ten cutters of the newly formed Revenue-Marine therefore represent the United States Government's first official "armed force afloat", as well as being the first seagoing vessels to operate with what would later become the United States Coast Guard.
Poslingford
Poslingford is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England, with a stream that feeds into the Chilton stream and then the Suffolk Stour. The village follows the line of The Street (the main road through to the village of Stansfield), rising approximately 140 metres in height above sea level from south to north.

West Suffolk District
West Suffolk District is a local government district in Suffolk, England. It was established in 2019 as a merger of the previous Forest Heath District with the Borough of St Edmundsbury. The council is based in Bury St Edmunds, the district's largest town. The district also contains the towns of Brandon, Clare, Haverhill, Mildenhall and Newmarket, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. In 2021 it had a population of 180,820.

The neighbouring districts are Mid Suffolk, Babergh, Braintree, South Cambridgeshire, East Cambridgeshire, King's Lynn and West Norfolk and Breckland.
JDE Peet's
JDE Peet's N.V. is a Dutch multinational coffee and tea company headquartered in Amsterdam. The company owns over 50 beverage brands, mostly of coffee, tea and hot chocolate.

It was formed in 2015 following the merger of the coffee division of the American Mondelez International with the Dutch Douwe Egberts as Jacobs Douwe Egberts. In December 2019, Jacobs Douwe Egberts (JDE)  merged with Peet's Coffee to form JDE Peet's. This merger was followed by an initial public offering in 2020. The stock of JDE Peet's is listed on the Euronext Amsterdam stock exchange. In 2025, Keurig Dr Pepper announced that it was acquiring JDE Peet's for $18 billion. After the acquisition, KDP would be split into two.

Euronext Amsterdam
Euronext Amsterdam is a stock exchange based in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Formerly known as the Amsterdam Stock Exchange (Dutch: Amsterdamse effectenbeurs), it merged on 22 September 2000 with the Brussels Stock Exchange and the Paris Stock Exchange to form Euronext. The registered office of Euronext, itself incorporated in the Netherlands a public limited company (naamloze vennootschap), is also located in the exchange.
Tuyuksu Glacier
The Tuyuksu Glacier (Kazakh: Тұйықсу, romanized: Tūiyqsu, pronounced [tʊjʊqsú]) is a valley glacier in Kazakhstan. It located on the northern slope of the Zailiyskiy Alatau ridge, in the upper reaches of the Malaya Almatinka River, located from south to north at the foot of the eponymous mountain pass, in the center of a group of glaciers which form a horseshoe-shaped circus.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Kimaiyo Sego
Kimaiyo Karoney Arap Sego (born September 1952) is a lawyer and a former prominent politician from Kenya. Between 1988 and 1992, he served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Tinderet Constituency and briefly as Minister of Commerce in the Moi government. He also served as Chairman of the Kenyan National Anti-corruption Campaign Steering committee.

Constitutional reforms in Kenya
Since Kenya gained independence in 1963, the constitution has been altered many times. During the early years of Kenya's existence, the constitution was abused by the president and the ruling party to gain and consolidate power. This was achieved through the creation of a single-party state, the abolition of secret ballots, and increasing the power and prestige that comes with the presidential position.

More recently, Kenya's constitution has become more democratic. The additions of a Prime Minister, two Deputy Prime Ministers, and the abolition of section 2A of the constitution (which had prevented Kenya from being a multi-party state) have all contributed to this reform.
Kościuszki, Gmina Nowogard
Kościuszki [kɔɕˈt͡ɕuʂki] (German: Hindenburg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowogard, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-west of Nowogard, 20 km (12 mi) north-east of Goleniów, and 41 km (25 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see history of Pomerania.

Goleniów County
Goleniów County (Polish: powiat goleniowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Goleniów, which lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Nowogard, lying 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Goleniów, and Maszewo, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Goleniów.

The county covers an area of 1,616.99 square kilometres (624.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,738, out of which the population of Goleniów is 22,448, that of Nowogard is 16,745, that of Maszewo is 3,073, and the rural population is 36,472.
Dumitru Enescu
Dumitru Enescu (21 June 1930 –  12 August 2012). was a Romanian geophysicist and engineer elected honorary member of the Romanian Academy in 2011. He was born in Drajna de Sus, and died in Bucharest, aged 82. Dumitru Enescu has made important scientific contributions to the development of seismology in Romania.

University of Bucharest
The University of Bucharest (UB) (Romanian: Universitatea din București) is a public research university in Bucharest, Romania. It was founded in its current form on 4 July 1864 (1864-07-04) by a decree of Prince Alexandru Ioan Cuza to convert the former Princely Academy into the current University of Bucharest, making it one of the oldest Romanian universities. It is one of the five members of the Universitaria Consortium (a group of elite Romanian universities).

The University of Bucharest offers study programmes in Romanian and English and is classified as an advanced research and education university by the Ministry of Education.
Traitors (album)
Traitors is the third studio album by American death metal band Misery Index. It was recorded by Kurt Ballou, mixed/mastered by Steve Wright and released through Relapse Records on September 30, 2008. A video was released for the song "Traitors".

Relapse Records
Relapse Records is an American independent record label based in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Matthew F. Jacobson in 1990. The label features many grindcore, death metal, metalcore and sludge metal artists.
Country Music Is Here to Stay
"Country Music is Here to Stay" is the first single by singer Ferlin Husky with Capitol Records under the pseudonym Simon Crum.  The song peaked at No. 2 on Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for three weeks.

Ferlin Husky
Ferlin Eugene Husky (December 3, 1925 – March 17, 2011) was an American country music singer who was equally adept at honky-tonk, ballads, spoken recitations, rockabilly and pop tunes.

From 1948 to 1953, he recorded under the stage name Terry Preston. He also created and recorded as the comic, outspoken hayseed character, Simon Crum. In the 1950s and '60s, his hits included "Gone" and "Wings of a Dove", each reaching number one on the country charts. Between 1953 and 1975, he had 11 top 10 hits, two dozen top 20 hits and a total of 50 songs in Billboard magazine's top 100 country songs. His versatility and matinee-idol looks propelled a seven-decade entertainment career. In 2010, he was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Bank of America Championship
The Bank of America Championship was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour from 1981 to 2008. It was played annually in June at the Nashawtuc Country Club in Concord, Massachusetts, United States. Bank of America was the main sponsor of the tournament.

The tournament was founded in 1981 as the Marlboro Classic. The Marlboro Classic was played at the Marlborough Country Club from 1981 to 1983. The purse for the 2008 tournament was US$1,650,000, with $247,500 for the winner.

Hale Irwin
Hale S. Irwin (born June 3, 1945) is an American professional golfer. He was one of the world's leading golfers from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s. He is one of the few players in history to win three U.S. Opens, becoming the oldest ever U.S. Open champion in 1990 at the age of 45. As a senior golfer, Irwin ranks second all-time in PGA Tour Champions victories. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in Champions Tour history. He has also developed a career as a golf course architect.
Beit Iksa
Beit Iksa (Arabic: بيت إكسا;) is a Palestinian village in the Jerusalem Governorate of the State of Palestine, located northwest of Jerusalem in the West Bank.

The village is surrounded on all sides by the Israeli West Bank barrier, and outside Palestinians are denied access through the one Israeli checkpoint leading to it. In 2014 Israeli military authorities announced they would confiscate a further 3,167 acres of Beit Iksa lands, leaving the township, according to the village head, Saada al-Khatib, as a 2,500-dunum area.

Beit Iksa contains two primary schools run by the Palestinian National Authority. Students attending secondary school travel to Jerusalem or nearby towns for education.

Palestinian Ministry of Education and Higher Education
The Ministry of Education and Higher Education is the branch of the Palestinian government in charge of managing the education in Palestine. It was established in 1994 after the formation of the Palestinian National Authority.

Nasser al-Shaer, the former Minister of Education, was arrested by Israeli authorities twice for membership in Hamas and released both times. After the Hamas takeover of the Gaza Strip in June 2007, President Mahmoud Abbas dismissed all Hamas ministers including Shaer.

Marwan Awartani was appointed minister in 2019 and served from April 14, 2019 until his resignation was accepted on September 3, 2023.
Corema conradii
Corema conradii is a species of flowering plant in the heath family known by the common name broom crowberry. It is native to eastern North America, where it has a disjunct distribution, occurring intermittently from Nova Scotia to Massachusetts, in the Shawangunk Mountains of New York, and in the Pine Barrens of New Jersey. Studies indicate that the plant might be a hybrid between ancestral populations of Corema album and Ceratiola.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Acoustic droplet vaporization
Acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV) is the process by which superheated liquid droplets are phase-transitioned into gas bubbles by means of ultrasound.  Perfluorocarbons and halocarbons are often used for the dispersed medium, which forms the core of the droplet.  The surfactant, which forms a stabilizing shell around the dispersive medium, is usually composed of albumin or lipids.

There exist two main hypothesis that explain the mechanism by which ultrasound induces vaporization.  One poses that the ultrasonic field interacts with the dispersed medium so as to cause vaporization in the bubble core.  The other suggests that shockwaves from inertial cavitation, occurring near or within the droplet, cause the dispersed medium to vaporize.

Dispersion (chemistry)
A dispersion is a system in which distributed particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material.  The two phases may be in the same or different states of matter.

Dispersions are classified in a number of different ways, including how large the particles are in relation to the particles of the continuous phase, whether or not precipitation occurs, and the presence of Brownian motion.  In general, dispersions of particles sufficiently large for sedimentation are called suspensions, while those of smaller particles are called colloids and solutions.
Governors Island (Massachusetts)
Governors Island was an island in Boston Harbor in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The island was subsumed by land reclamation for the construction and extension of Logan International Airport.

Governor's Island was originally owned by early Massachusetts founder Roger Conant, and known as Conant's Island.  Conant grew grapes there, and very likely his vineyard is what Rev. John White referred to "as good as any are found in France by human culture," with some being "four inches around."

Governor's Island was the site of Fort Winthrop, a defensive fortification named after Governor John Winthrop, whose family was granted the island in 1632 and owned it until 1808, when it was acquired for the construction of the fort. It was also the site of La Tour's 1643 landing on a diplomatic mission to the Massachusetts Bay Colony during his conflict with d'Aulnay.

The island is buried in the area north of the south end of runway 14/32.

Charles de Menou d'Aulnay
Charles de Menou d'Aulnay (de Charnisay) (c. 1604–1650) was a French pioneer of European settlement in North America and Governor of Acadia (1635–1650).

D'Aulnay was a member of the French nobility who was at various times a sea captain, a lieutenant in the French navy (under leadership of his cousin Isaac de Razilly), and Governor of Acadia (now primarily Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, Canada).
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala
Sgùrr nan Clach Geala is a mountain in Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland, south of Ullapool. With a height of 1,093 metres (3,586 ft), it is one of ten Munros in the group of hills known as the Fannichs.

Northwest Highlands
57°30′N 5°0′W﻿ / ﻿57.500°N 5.000°W﻿ / 57.500; -5.000
The Northwest Highlands are located in the northern third of Scotland that is separated from the Grampian Mountains by the Great Glen (Glen More). The region comprises Wester Ross, Assynt, Sutherland and part of Caithness. The Caledonian Canal, which extends from Loch Linnhe in the south-west, via Loch Ness to the Moray Firth in the north-east splits this area from the rest of the country. The city of Inverness and the town of Fort William serve as gateways to the region from the south.
George Ntafu
George Nga Mtafu (1943 in Likoma Island, Nyasaland – October 20, 2015 in Blantyre, Malawi) was a Malawian politician. Mtafu was foreign minister of his country from 1996-1997.

He was Malawi's first ever neurosurgeon. After his political life, he returned to practice until his death.
George Mtafu died on 20 October 2015 at Mwaiwathu Private Hospital a few hours after being involved in a road accident when the car he was driving collided with a truck in the Malawi's commercial city of Blantyre.
He was survived by his wife Elvey Kalonga Mtafu; and his two children Anke Mtafu Pagaja and Bentley Nga Mtafu; as well as two grandchildren, Havana Zaina Pagaja and Thiago Mtafu.

Ministry of foreign affairs
In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support, including consular services, for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entity is usually headed by a foreign minister or minister of foreign affairs (the title may vary, such as a secretary of state who has the same functions). The foreign minister typically reports to the head of government (such as prime minister or president).
1936 United States Senate special election in Minnesota
The 1936 United States Senate special election in Minnesota took place on November 3, 1936. The election was held to fill the vacancy in the seat formerly held by Thomas D. Schall for the final two months of Schall's unexpired term. Governor Floyd B. Olson had appointed Elmer Benson to fill the seat in 1935, but this appointment was temporary and subject to a special election held in the next general election year thereafter—1936. Benson opted to run for governor instead of running for election to continue for the remainder of the term. No special primaries were held for the special election. Among Minnesota's three major parties, only the Republican Party of Minnesota officially fielded a candidate—Guy V. Howard. Regardless of the absence of Farmer-Labor and Democratic nominees, Howard nevertheless faced a great degree of competition from independent candidates Nathaniel J. Holmberg, Andrew Olaf Devold, and John G. Alexander.

Governor of Minnesota
The governor of Minnesota is the head of government of the state of Minnesota, leading the state's executive branch. Forty people have been governor of Minnesota, and previously three of Minnesota Territory. Alexander Ramsey, the first territorial governor, also served as state governor several years later.  State governors are elected to office by popular vote; territorial governors were appointed to the office by the United States president. The current governor of Minnesota is Tim Walz of the Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party (DFL), affiliated with the Democratic Party.
Evan Gray
Evan John Gray (born 18 November 1954) is a former New Zealand cricketer, who played 10 Tests and 10 One Day Internationals for New Zealand in the 1980s.

He was selected as an all rounder, with 17 wickets at a bowling average of 52.11. In 1981–82 he and Ross Ormiston added 226 for Wellington against Central Districts. He is also the only player in the country's history to score more than 4000 runs and capture over 350 wickets for his province.

Gray later served as a first-class umpire, officiating in 24 first-class matches in New Zealand and two in South Africa between 2005–06 and 2010–11.

Central Districts cricket team
The Central Stags, formerly known as Central Districts, are a first-class cricket team based in central New Zealand. They are the men's representative side of the Central Districts Cricket Association. They compete in the Plunket Shield first-class competition, The Ford Trophy domestic one-day competition and the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 competition. They are one of six teams that make up New Zealand Cricket. They were the fifth of the current teams to compete in the Plunket Shield which they entered for the first time in the 1950/51 season, and are the only men's first-class side representing regions in both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.
Ladies in Black (film)
Ladies in Black is a 2018 Australian comedy-drama film directed by Bruce Beresford. Starring Angourie Rice, Rachael Taylor, Julia Ormond, Ryan Corr and Shane Jacobson, the film is based on the 1993 novel The Women in Black by Madeleine St John, and tells the story of a group of department store employees in 1959 Sydney. The film was released on 20 September 2018.

Ryan Corr
Ryan Corr is an Australian actor. He is known for his roles in the Australian drama series Packed to the Rafters, Love Child and Underbelly, along with film roles in Wolf Creek 2 (2013), The Water Diviner (2014),  Holding the Man (2015), as well as the Game of Thrones prequel House of the Dragon.
Billy Stone (rugby)
William John Stone (28 September 1897 – 8 November 1976) was an English rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1910s and 1920s. He played at representative level for Great Britain and England, and at club level for Hull FC, as a three-quarter back. He was captain of Hull during the 1921–22 and 1922–23 seasons.

Rochdale Hornets
The Rochdale Hornets are a professional rugby league club from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England, competing in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league. The Rochdale Hornets are one of the original twenty-two rugby clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895, making them one of the world's first rugby league clubs. Their main local rivals are Oldham, Salford Red Devils, Swinton Lions, Halifax and the Huddersfield Giants.
Tony Smith (band manager)
John Anthony "Tony" Smith (born January 1945) is a British manager and music and film producer. He was talent manager for the rock band Genesis, for the solo careers of Phil Collins, Mike Rutherford and Tony Banks, and for Pink Floyd's Nick Mason and his band Nick Mason's Saucerful of Secrets.

In his early career Smith promoted shows with acts such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones and the Who. He went on to co-found (with Jon Crawley) the Hit & Run Music Publishing house in 1977, located in the United Kingdom. Along with Hilary Shor, he has expanded into film production under the name Hit and Run Productions. As a film producer, he has produced Eye of the Beholder (1999) and Children of Men (2006).

In 2000, the Music Managers Foundation presented him with the Peter Grant Award.

Smith is a historic car racer and has owned an Aston Martin DB4 GT Zagato Sanction II Coupe, one of only four ever made, which in 2012 was auctioned by Bonhams for a record-breaking £1.2 million with fees.

Eye of the Beholder (film)
Eye of the Beholder is a 1999 mystery thriller film that employs magical realism. The film, based on Marc Behm's novel of the same name and a remake of Claude Miller's 1983 French thriller Deadly Circuit, is directed and adapted by Stephan Elliott. Starring Ewan McGregor and Ashley Judd, the film is an international co-production of Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia.