hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1978 in paleontology
Paleontology, palaeontology or palæontology (from Greek: paleo, "ancient"; ontos, "being"; and logos, "knowledge") is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised faeces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because mankind has encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred in the year 1978.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Cycling at the 2006 Commonwealth Games
The cycling at the 2006 Commonwealth Games was made up of three disciplines:

Track cycling

Road cycling

Mountain biking

The track cycling was held at the Melbourne Park Multi-Purpose Venue. The (road cycling) time trial took place on a course on the St Kilda Foreshore and Beach Road, and the State Mountain Bike Course, Lysterfield Park hosted the mountain bike event.
The road race was contested on a circuit through the Royal Botanic Gardens.

John Cain Arena
John Cain Arena is a multi-purpose sports and entertainment arena located within Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is the second-largest venue and show court for the Australian Open, the first Grand Slam professional tennis tournament held each calendar year. The arena also hosts various other sporting and entertainment events throughout the year.

The arena has sometimes been dubbed "The People's Court" during Australian Open matches, owing to its accessibility for Australian Open patrons with a ground pass (i.e. the cheapest form of ticketing available) and the close proximity of spectators to the players, with the arena developing a reputation for being an incredibly passionate venue with a terrific atmosphere, particularly when Australians are playing on the court.
Verkhneye Abdryashevo
Verkhneye Abdryashevo (Russian: Верхнее Абдряшево; Bashkir: Үрге Әбдрәш, Ürge Äbdräş) is a rural locality (a village) in Almukhametovsky Selsoviet, Abzelilovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 458 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

Abzelilovsky District
Abzelilovsky District (Russian: Абзели́ловский райо́н; Bashkir: Әбйәлил районы, Äbyälil rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic, bordered by Chelyabinsk Oblast to the east. The area of the district is 4,288 square kilometers (1,656 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Askarovo. As of the 2021 Russian census, Abzelilovsky District has a population of 45,300.
Rafael Ramírez Hidalgo
Rafael Ramírez Hidalgo (1805–1875) was a Costa Rican politician.

He was a member of the Constituent Assembly of 1838, 1859, 1869, 1870 and 1871, President of the House of Representatives from 1844 to 1845 and the Senate from 1862 to 1863 and judge on several occasions. He was the president of the Supreme Court of Costa Rica from 1847 to 1850 and from 1854 to 1855. He was also associate judge of the Supreme Court in 1859 and Secretary of State in 1873.

He was the author of the notes contained in the edition of the General Code of the State of Costa Rica from 1841 published in New York in 1858, which was declared official by the government of President Juan Rafael Mora Porras.

Supreme Court of Justice of Costa Rica
The Supreme Court of Costa Rica (Spanish: Corte Suprema de Justicia de Costa Rica) is the court of greater hierarchy of Law and Justice in Costa Rica.

Established on 25 January 1825, the current president of the Supreme Court of Justice is Fernando Cruz Castro since 1 August 2018. All of the courts in the country are dependent on the Supreme Court of Justice. Its organizational structure is based on three factors: the matter of the subjects to solve, the territory where they take place, and the quantity (amount of money that is involved in the subject).

The Supreme Court has 22 proprietary magistrates, 25 substitute magistrates in three first chambers and 12 substitute magistrates in the Constitutional Chamber. They are distributed of the following way: five in each one of the three Chambers of Annulment and seven in the Constitutional Chamber. They are nominated by the Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica every eight years.
Deva (2002 film)
Deva is a 2002 Indian Bengali-language action film co-written and directed by Sujit Guha. Produced by Nispal Singh and Goutam Kundu under the banners of Surinder Films and Silver Vally Communications Pvt Ltd respectively, the screenplay and dialogues of the film were written by Monotosh Chakraborty. It stars Prosenjit Chatterjee and Arpita Pal in the lead roles. Music of the film has been composed by Bappi Lahiri. The film was a remake of Tamil film Dheena (2001).

Dheena
Dheena is a 2001 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by A. R. Murugadoss in his directorial debut. The film stars Ajith Kumar, Suresh Gopi and Laila. The music and background score are composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja and cinematography by K. Aravind.

Dheena was released on 14 January 2001 and became a major commercial success. It marked the beginning of a new image of Ajith Kumar, that of an action hero, and he earned his nickname, Thala (leader), from this film.
Motutara Island (Bay of Islands)
Motutara Island is a small island in the Bay of Islands of New Zealand, located about 8.33 kilometres (5.18 mi) northeast of Russell.

Motutara Island is situated between the northern ends of Motukiekie Island and Moturua Island.

Motutara Island shares a name with Motutara Rock (Twins Rock) which lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) further to the northeast.

Bay of Islands
The Bay of Islands (Māori: Te Pēwhairangi) is an area on the east coast of the Far North District of the North Island of New Zealand. It is one of the most popular fishing, sailing and tourist destinations in the country, and has been renowned internationally for its big-game fishing since American author Zane Grey publicised it in the 1930s. It is 60 km (37 mi) north-west of the city of Whangārei. Cape Reinga, at the northern tip of the country, is about 210 km (130 mi) by road further to the north-west.
Kotigobba 3
Kotigobba 3 (transl. One in a crore 3) is a 2021 Indian Kannada-language masala film directed by Shiva Karthik and produced by Soorappa Babu under Rambabu Production. The film sequel to Kotigobba 2, stars Sudeepa and P. Ravi Shankar reprising their roles, alongside Aftab Shivdasani, Madonna Sebastian, Nawab Shah, Shraddha Das, Abhirami, Tarak Ponnappa in prominent roles. The music was composed by Arjun Janya, while cinematography and editing were handled by Shekhar Chandra and Goran Ivanovic.

Kotigobba 3 was released in theatres on 15 October 2021 to mixed reviews from critics and became a commercial success at the box office.

P. Ravi Shankar
Pudipeddi Ravi Shankar (born 28 November 1966), also known as Sai Ravi, is an Indian actor, dubbing artist, director and a writer. As an actor, he predominantly appears in Kannada films, in addition to Telugu and Tamil films. As a dubbing artist, he has dubbed for over 3500 films, with more than 1000 of those each in Telugu and Tamil, and over 150 in Kannada.

Son of the actor P. J. Sarma and the younger brother of actor Sai Kumar, Ravi Shankar made his directorial debut with the Kannada film Durgi in 2004. Shankar worked as a dialogue writer, writing dialogues for over 75 Telugu films and its Tamil counterparts. He also worked as a playback singer for Telugu films, such as Rakta Charitra and Bejawada. He gained recognition for his role in the 2011 Kannada film Kempe Gowda, for which he won the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor – Kannada.
Nitzan Rosenfeld
Nitzan Rosenfeld FMedSci is a professor of Cancer Diagnostics at the University of Cambridge. He is a Senior Group Leader at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and co-founder of Inivata, a clinical cancer genomics company.

Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) is an award for medical scientists who are judged by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences for the "excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements".
National Museum of Racing Hall of Fame Stakes
The National Museum of Racing Hall of Fame Stakes is a Grade II American Thoroughbred horse race for three year old horses run over a distance of one mile on the turf held annually in July  at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York.

Saratoga Springs, New York
Saratoga Springs is a city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 28,491 at the 2020 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area, which has made Saratoga a popular resort destination for over 200 years. It is home to the Saratoga Race Course, a thoroughbred horse racing track operated by the New York Racing Association, and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, a music and dance venue. The city's official slogan is "Health, History, and Horses".
Undiscovered Soul
Undiscovered Soul is the second solo studio album from Richie Sambora the guitarist from New Jersey band Bon Jovi. The album was released on February 23, 1998, and is more experimental than his earlier release Stranger in This Town. The album was produced by Don Was.

Ed Cherney
Edward Cherney (1950 – October 22, 2019) was an American recording engineer and record producer, based in Los Angeles, California, United States.  Over his career, he earned four Grammy Awards, one Emmy Award, and five TEC Awards. Cherney was also known within the film world for his work on A Mighty Wind, The Bourne Legacy, and Fast Times at Ridgemont High.
2015 Gimcheon Open ATP Challenger – Doubles
Samuel Groth and Chris Guccione were the defending champions, but they did not participate this year.

Li Zhe and Jose Rubin Statham won the tournament, defeating Dean O'Brien and Ruan Roelofse in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

Sam Groth
Samuel Groth (born 19 October 1987) is an Australian politician and professional tennis player. He was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for the seat of Nepean in 2022 representing the Victorian Liberal Party until his retirement from Parliament in February 2026, causing a by-election.

His highest ATP singles ranking was World No. 53, which he reached in August 2015. His career high in doubles was World No. 24, reached in February 2015. Groth's best singles result was a semi-final appearance at the 2014 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships.

He holds the record for the world's fastest serve at 263 km/h (163.4 mph), which he hit in 2012 at the ATP Challenger in Busan.

Prior to his political career, he worked for the Nine Network's tennis broadcasts, and as a host on Postcards.
Etrian Odyssey 2 Untold: The Fafnir Knight
Etrian Odyssey 2 Untold: The Fafnir Knight is a role-playing video game developed and published by Atlus for the Nintendo 3DS. It is part of the Etrian Odyssey series, and is a remake of Etrian Odyssey II: Heroes of Lagaard. It was released in Japan in November 2014, in North America in August 2015, and in the PAL region in February 2016.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
José Joaquín de Arrillaga
José Joaquín de Arrillaga was a Basque officer who served twice as Governor of the Californias and as the first Governor of Alta California, following the partition of the Californias in 1804. He was the only Spanish-era governor to be buried in California.

Basques
The Basques are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture, shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians, and are considered among the last remaining direct descendants of Neolithic Europeans populations in Europe. Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, an area traditionally known as the Basque Country (Basque: Euskal Herria)—a region that is located around the western end of the Pyrenees on the coast of the Bay of Biscay and straddles parts of north-central Spain and south-western France.
Samir Brahimi
Samir Brahimi is an Algerian boxer born on 17 May 1990 in Algiers. His amateur career was marked by a bronze medal at the African Championships of Vacoas in 2009 and another in Yaounde in 2011, and a silver medal at the All Africa Games in Maputo in 2011, flyweight category.

At the 2012 Olympics he beat Australian Jackson Woods but lost to Russian Misha Aloyan.

African Amateur Boxing Championships
The African Amateur Boxing Championships is the premier pan-continental annual competition for amateur boxing in Africa.  The championships are organised by the continent's governing body, the African Boxing Union (ABU). The first edition of the tournament took place in 1962.
Stornelli Legionari
"Stornelli Legionari", also known as Vogliamo scolpire una lapide (transl. We want to carve a tombstone), is a pro-fascist, anti-monarchy and anti-armistice song of the Italian Social Republic.

The song uses the melody of the Inno a Oberdan (which celebrates Guglielmo Oberdan, the Italian irredentist who attempted to assassinate the Habsburg Emperor Franz Joseph in 1882) and explicitly calls for death to the King and Pietro Badoglio.

The song also honors Rodolfo Graziani, who was the only Italian Marshal to remain loyal to Mussolini after the fall of the Fascist regime in Italy.

In the lyrics the word "repubblican" is not standard Italian, as it is a truncated variant of "repubblicano" and "repubblicani" used in the song for rhythmic purposes.

Pietro Badoglio
Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino (US: /bəˈdoʊljoʊ/ bə-DOH-lyoh, Italian: [ˈpjɛːtro baˈdɔʎʎo]; 28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956), was an Italian general during both world wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. With the fall of the Fascist regime, he became Prime Minister of Italy.
Midori-ku, Saitama
Midori-ku (緑区, Midori-ku) is one of ten wards of the city of Saitama, in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, and is located in the southeastern part of the city. As of 1 March 2021, the ward had an estimated population of 129,705 and a population density of 4,900 persons per km2. Its total area was 26.44 square kilometres (10.21 sq mi).

Tōhoku Expressway
The Tōhoku Expressway (東北自動車道, Tōhoku Jidōsha-dō) is a south-north national expressway, and the longest expressway in Japan at 679.5 kilometers (422.2 mi). Its southern terminus is in Kawaguchi, Saitama in the Greater Tokyo Area, at the Tokyo Gaikan Expressway and Kawaguchi Route near Araijuku Station, and its northern terminus is at Aomori Interchange in Aomori, Aomori in the northern part of the Tōhoku region, where it meets the Aomori Expressway and Aomori Belt Highway near the Sannai-Maruyama Site.

It is owned by Japan Expressway Holding and Debt Repayment Agency and operated by East Nippon Expressway Company. The expressway is signed E4 under the "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering", because it roughly parallels National Route 4.
Hrómundar saga Gripssonar
Hrómundar saga Gripssonar or The Saga of Hromund Gripsson is a legendary saga from Iceland. The original version has been lost, but its content has been preserved in the rímur of Hrómundr Gripsson, known as Griplur, which were probably composed in the first half of the 14th century, but survived only in younger manuscripts and first appeared in print in 1896 in Fernir forníslenzkar rímnaflokkar, edited by Finnur Jónsson. These rímur were the basis for later adaptations, among them the seventeenth-century prosification, known as Hrómundar saga Greipssonar (or Gripssonar), which can be found in around 30 manuscripts and was first edited by Erik Julius Björner, and the nineteenth century prosification under the same title, which can be found in four manuscripts and was first edited by Katarzyna Anna Kapitan.

The seventeenth-century saga contains a number of narrative discrepancies, which are probably the result of the scribe working from a partly illegible manuscript of the rímur.

Eric Julius Biörner
Eric Julius Biörner (modern Swedish spelling Erik Julius Björner) was born on 22 July 1696 in the Swedish parish of Timrå in Medelpad and died in 1750. He was a state official and a scholar of ancient history.
Pilsicainide
Pilsicainide (INN) is an antiarrhythmic agent.
It is marketed in Japan as サンリズム (Sunrythm). It was developed by Suntory Holdings Limited and first released in 1991. The JAN applies to the hydrochloride salt, pilsicainide hydrochloride.

Japanese Accepted Name
A Japanese Accepted Name (Japanese: 日本医薬品一般的名称, Hepburn: Nihon Iyakuhin Ippan-teki Meishō) (JAN) is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance by the Government of Japan.
Buddhi Dharma University
Buddhi Dharma University (UBD) is a private university in Karawaci, Tangerang, Banten. It is the first Buddhist university in Indonesia. It is a transformation of the College of Buddhi, which is managed by the Religious Society and Social Boen Tek Bio. Four higher education institutions have merged: STIE Buddhi, STMIK Buddhi, STBA Buddhi, and ASMI Buddhi.

Buddhism in Indonesia
Buddhism has a long history in Indonesia, and it is one of the six recognized religions in the country, along with Islam, Christianity (Protestantism and Catholicism), Hinduism and Confucianism. According to 2023 estimates roughly 0.71% of the total citizens of Indonesia were Buddhists, numbering around 2 million. Most Buddhists are concentrated in Jakarta, Riau, Riau Islands, Bangka Belitung, North Sumatra, and West Kalimantan. These totals, however, are probably inflated, as practitioners of Taoism, Tridharma, Yiguandao, and other Chinese folk religions, which are not considered official religions of Indonesia, likely declared themselves as Buddhists on the most recent census. Today, the majority of Buddhists in Indonesia are Chinese Indonesians, but communities of native Buddhists (such as Javanese, Tenggerese, Sasak, Balinese, Dayak, Alifuru, Batak, and Karo) also exist.
Bauruemys
Bauruemys is an extinct genus of turtles in the family Podocnemididae.

A study on the skulls of the Late Cretaceous stem-podocnemidid Bauruemys elegans from the Presidente Prudente Formation in Brazil is published by Mariani & Romano (2017), who interpret all specimens as belonging to the same species and likely to the same population, assess the ontogenetic changes in the skull of B. elegans and tentatively assess the changes of eating preference habits over ontogeny in the species.

2017 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2017.
Muni (Hinduism)
Muni (Sanskrit: मुनि, romanized: Muni) is one of the wives of Kashyapa. She is one of the sixty daughters of Daksha and his wife Asikni. She is the mother of the races of the apsaras and the gandharvas.

Asikni (goddess)
In Hindu mythology, Asikni (Sanskrit: असिक्नी, romanized: Asiknī, lit. 'the dark one' or 'night'), also known as Panchajani and Virani, is a consort of Daksha in the Puranic pantheon. Most scriptures mention her as the mother of 6000 sons and 60 daughters.
Don McCallister
Donald McCallister (March 13, 1904 – August 5, 1977) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at South Carolina University from 1935 to 1937 and at Norwich University in Northfield, Vermont from 1938 to 1941, compiling a career college football coaching record of 32–29–2. As a high school coach at Waite High School in Toledo, Ohio, McCallister's 1932 squad won a mythical High School Football National Championship.

McCallister died on August 5, 1977, as San Gabriel Community Hospital in San Gabriel, California.

High school football national championships
A national championship in high school football is an honor awarded annually by various organizations to their selection of the best high school football team in the United States.

The title is a mythical national championship, since travel demands and the number of high schools spread across the country prevent the championship from being settled competitively on the football field. Instead, the national championships are based on rankings from prep football media analysts, such as USA Today, or algorithmic rankings.

There have also been some efforts over the years at organizing a single-game playoff for the national championship.