hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tees Valley Combined Authority
The Tees Valley Combined Authority (TVCA) is the combined authority for the Tees Valley urban area in North East England consisting of the following five unitary authorities: Darlington, Hartlepool, Middlesbrough, Redcar and Cleveland, and Stockton-on-Tees, covering a population of approximately 700,000 people. The area is divided between the ceremonial counties of North Yorkshire and County Durham. It was proposed that a combined authority be established by statutory instrument under the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. It is a strategic authority with powers over transport, economic development and regeneration including the flagship Teesside Freeport.

The Combined Authority was established on 1 April 2016, after Local Government Minister James Wharton MP signed the necessary Order. It was announced in October 2015 that voters in the region covered by the Authority would directly elect a Mayor in 2017.

Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009
The Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009 (c. 20), or LDEDCA, is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The legislation places a duty on local authorities to promote understanding of the functions and democratic arrangements of the authority among local people. It establishes the framework for the establishment and functioning of the local authority leaders' boards that had been set up in the eight English regions outside London.

It allows the creation of appointed combined authorities covering multiple local authority areas. The act requires a combined authoirty to be made up of at least 2 local authorities,

Part 8 of the act amends part 2 of the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996 in relation to "construction contracts" entered into after 1 October 2011.
Mount Harding (Alaska)
Mount Harding is a prominent 5,321 ft (1,620 m) mountain summit located in the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The peak is situated 4.5 mi (7 km) southwest of Skagway, and 3 mi (5 km) south of Face Mountain, on land managed by Tongass National Forest. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since Mount Harding rises 5,300 feet above Taiya Inlet in less than 2 mi (3 km). The peak was named in 1924 by the Skagway Alpine Club to honor President Warren G. Harding (1865–1923), 29th president of the United States who visited Skagway on July 11, 1923. He was the first and only president to visit Skagway. Harding died three weeks later in San Francisco. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1986 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains east into Taiya Inlet, and west into Ferebee River.

Tongass National Forest
The Tongass National Forest (/ˈtɒŋɡəs/) in Southeast Alaska is the largest U.S. National Forest at 16.7 million acres (26,100 sq mi; 6,800,000 ha; 68,000 km2), an expanse larger than 10 U.S. states and 75 U.N. member nations. Most of its area is temperate rain forest and is remote enough to be home to many species of endangered and rare flora and fauna. The Tongass, which is managed by the United States Forest Service, encompasses islands of the Alexander Archipelago, fjords and glaciers, and peaks of the Coast Mountains. An international border with Canada (British Columbia) runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains. The forest is administered from Forest Service headquarters offices in Ketchikan. There are local ranger district offices located in Craig, Hoonah, Juneau, Ketchikan, Petersburg, Sitka, Thorne Bay, Wrangell, and Yakutat.
Monocesta coryli
Monocesta coryli, the larger elm leaf beetle, is a species of skeletonizing leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in eastern and southeastern North America, from Florida west to Kansas and north to Pennsylvania. It is the only species of the large neotropical genus Monocesta known to be found in the United States. Its specific epithet refers to its feeding on hazels (Corylus species), though it feeds and lives primarily on elms (Ulmus species). Adults are easily identified by their relatively large size (10 to 16 mm) and orange coloration with metallic blue-green spots, though they may also have brown spots or no spots.

Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the family Ulmaceae. They are distributed over most of the Northern Hemisphere, inhabiting the temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward in Western Asia to Iran, in Africa to Libya, and in Southeast Asia into Indonesia.

Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests. Moreover, during the 19th and early 20th centuries, many species and cultivars were also planted as ornamental street, garden, and park trees in Europe, North America, and parts of the Southern Hemisphere, notably Australasia. Some individual elms reached great size and age. However, in recent decades, most mature elms of European or North American origin have died from Dutch elm disease, caused by a microfungus dispersed by bark beetles. In response, disease-resistant cultivars have been developed, capable of restoring the elm to forestry and landscaping.
Mikuriya
Mikuriya (written: 御厨) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kei Mikuriya (御厨 景, born 1977), Japanese footballer

Kunio Mikuriya (御厨 邦雄), Japanese Secretary General of the World Customs Organization

Tod H. Mikuriya (1933–2007), American cannabis researcher

Takafumi Mikuriya (御厨 貴文, born 1984), Japanese footballer

Takafumi Mikuriya
Takafumi Mikuriya (御厨 貴文, Mikuriya Takafumi; born May 11, 1984) is a former Japanese football player and current referee.

Mikuriya graduated from Kaisei High School. He attended Osaka University of Physical Education, and was signed to Ventforet Kofu in 2007.
TEAMtalk 252
TEAMtalk 252 was a short-lived UK national commercial sports radio station, based in Leeds in West Yorkshire with long wave transmission coming from the Clarkstown radio transmitter in Trim, County Meath in Ireland, formerly used by Atlantic 252.

Its 24-hour sports content included a popular news-based breakfast show, sports phone-ins, discussions and specialist programming.

The station was broadcast on the 252 kHz Longwave across Ireland and the United Kingdom, and was also available to listeners on Sky and online.

Phil Neal
Philip George Neal (born 20 February 1951) is an English retired footballer who played for Northampton Town, Liverpool and Bolton Wanderers as a full-back. He is regarded as one of the most successful English players of all time, having won eight First Division titles, four League Cups, five FA Charity Shields, four European Cups, one UEFA Cup and one UEFA Super Cup during his eleven years at Liverpool. He later returned to Bolton Wanderers as manager, leading them to victory in the Football League Trophy before spells managing Coventry City, Cardiff City and Manchester City.

Neal also had a long career with the England national team, winning 50 caps and playing in the 1982 World Cup. He would go on to be England's assistant manager under Graham Taylor.

Neal's nickname whilst at Liverpool was Zico – a reference to the Brazilian play maker and a compliment to Neal, who was known for scoring important goals throughout the club's history. His son, Ashley Neal, also became a footballer.
Erler Film
Erler Film is a Turkish movie production company established in 1960 in Istanbul by the renowned Turkish film director and producer Türker İnanoğlu. Based today in Kavacık, Beykoz, it is the oldest film company in the country, which is still in business today.

For more than 45 years, Erler Film produced feature films on a wide spectrum, from black-and-white to color movies, from domestic to co-productions, from history movies to comedies. During the 1960s and 1970s, it was the biggest Turkish film production company. From 1990 on, it started producing TV series for the Turkish television channels with the taste of cinema.

It produced more than 200 movies, among them 21 in co-production with Greece, Italy and Iran.

Beykoz
Beykoz (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈbejkoz]) is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 310 km2, and its population is 247,875 (2022). It lies at the northern end of the Bosphorus on the Anatolian side. The name is believed to be a combination of the words bey and kos, which means "village" in Farsi. Beykoz includes an area from the streams of Küçüksu and Göksu (just before Anadoluhisarı) to the opening of the Bosphorus into the Black Sea, and the villages in the hinterland as far as the Riva creek. Before the Turkish alphabet reform of 1928, it was sometimes Latinized variously as Beicos or Beikos.
Battle of Chiusella River
The Battle of (the) Chiusella River or Battle of Romano (26 May 1800) saw the vanguard of a French Republican army led by First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte attack a Habsburg Austrian division led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant (FML) Karl Joseph Hadik von Futak. The action occurred in the Marengo campaign during the War of the Second Coalition. In May 1800, Bonaparte's Reserve Army crossed the Great St Bernard Pass into the Aosta Valley in northwestern Italy. Though its advance was delayed by Fort Bard, the Reserve Army's vanguard under General of Division (GD) Jean Lannes moved past the fort and captured Ivrea. Hadik attempted to block the French at the Chiusella River north of Romano Canavese. After a hard-fought action, the Austrians withdrew toward Turin. Hadik's battle report finally helped convince the Austrian army commander General der Kavallerie Michael von Melas that the main French threat was coming from the Aosta Valley.

General of the cavalry (Austria)
General of the Cavalry (General der Kavallerie) was a rank in the Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Empire, Imperial Army of the Austrian Empire and the Army of Austria-Hungary.

In 1908, it was approximately equivalent to a United States Army lieutenant general, and usually commanded either a corps or an army. It was one rank below Feldmarschall until September 1915 when the rank of Generaloberst was introduced. It was equivalent to the ranks of General der Infanterie (introduced in 1908 for infantry officers), and Feldzeugmeister (for artillery and engineer officers). Prior to 1908, infantry officers also used the rank of Feldzeugmeister. The next lower rank was Feldmarschallleutnant (usually a divisional commander), which is often rendered as Feldmarschall-Leutnant.
Wolferton
Wolferton is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Sandringham, in the King's Lynn and West Norfolk district of Norfolk, England. It is 2 miles west of Sandringham, 7½ miles north of King's Lynn and 37¼ miles northwest of Norwich. In 1931 the parish had a population of 185. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Sandringham.

King's Lynn and West Norfolk
King's Lynn and West Norfolk is a local government district with borough status in Norfolk, England. Its council is based in the town of King's Lynn. The district also includes the towns of Downham Market and Hunstanton, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas. The population of the district at the 2021 census was 154,325.

Part of the borough lies within the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The borough lies on the coast, facing both The Wash to the west and the North Sea to the north. The neighbouring districts are North Norfolk, Breckland, West Suffolk, East Cambridgeshire, Fenland and South Holland.
Treasury of National Jewels
The Treasury of National Jewels (Persian: موزه جواهرات ملی) is a museum in Iran. It reopened to public in 1992 after years of being removed from view.

Affiliated with the Central Bank of Iran, it stores and exhibits the Iranian National Jewels as their legal custodian. In the 1930s, the collection grew so valuable that it was used as a reserve for the currency of Iran, and is today considered one of world's famous collections of diamond and other jewels. According to Financial Tribune, "putting a price on the collection would not be possible".

Financial Tribune
Financial Tribune is a non-governmental newspaper in Iran that was launched in 2014. It focuses primarily on economic and business news, along with coverage of various related fields. The publication ceased operations in 2023 but resumed its online edition in October 2025.
1897 Minor Counties Championship
The 1897 Minor Counties Championship was the third running of the Minor Counties Cricket Championship, and ran from 7 June to 28 August 1897. Having been unbeaten for the entire season, Worcestershire won their second consecutive outright title, having also shared the title in 1895. Staffordshire were level in the table with Worcestershire, but played an insufficient number of matches to be considered co-champions. Sixteen teams competed in the championship, with Cornwall, Dorset and Monmouthshire all competing for the first time, though none of them played the minimum of eight matches.

The leading run-scorer, Arthur Croome of Berkshire, also had the highest individual score of the season, 158 against Hertfordshire. The leading wicket-taker for the second consecutive season, Buckinghamshire's George Nash, took three ten wicket match hauls, including 16/74 against Oxfordshire.

George Nash (cricketer)
George Nash (1 April 1850 – 13 November 1903) was an English professional cricketer during the 1880s. Nash played as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler for Lancashire, and later in Minor Counties cricket for his native Buckinghamshire.
Cheung Chau
Cheung Chau (Chinese: 長洲; lit. 'Long Island') is an outlying island of Hong Kong, located 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Hong Kong Island. It is also called Dumbbell Island (啞鈴島; aa2 ling4 dou2) due to its dumbbell-like shape. It has been inhabited for longer than most other places in Hong Kong, and had a population of 22,740 as of 2011. Administratively, it is part of the Islands District.

Fishing village
A fishing village is a village, usually located near a fishing ground, with an economy based on catching fish and harvesting seafood. The continents and islands around the world have coastlines totalling around 356,000 kilometres (221,000 mi). From Neolithic times, these coastlines, as well as the shorelines of inland lakes and the banks of rivers, have been punctuated with fishing villages. Most surviving fishing villages are traditional.
Karreveld Castle
Karreveld Castle (French: Château du Karreveld; Dutch: Kasteel Karreveld) is a castle-farm in Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, a municipality of Brussels, Belgium. The castle and surrounding park are used for cultural events and meetings of the municipal council. It is located at 32, avenue Jean de la Hoese/Jean de la Hoeselaan. This site is served by Osseghem/Ossegem metro station on lines 2 and 6 of the Brussels Metro.

Farmstead
A farmstead refers to the buildings and service areas associated with a farm. It consists of the farmhouse along with the surrounding buildings. The characteristics of a specific farmstead reflect the local landscape, which provides their environmental context. Some farmsteads have additional outlying field barns and outfarms somewhat further afield than the main cluster of buildings at the farmstead.
Wood Grove
Wood Grove is a historic plantation house located near Bear Poplar, Rowan County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1825, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, three-bay, Federal-style brick dwelling. A portion of the brickwork is laid in Flemish bond. It sits on a stone foundation, has a hipped roof front porch, and one-story rear kitchen ell.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Flemish bond
Flemish bond is a pattern of brickwork that is a common feature in Georgian architecture. The pattern features bricks laid lengthwise (stretchers) alternating with bricks laid with their shorter ends exposed (headers) within the same courses. This decorative pattern can be accented by glazing or burning the exposed ends of the headers so that they possess a dark, glassy surface that contrasts with the stretchers.: 23  Despite the bond's name, the pattern did not originate in Flanders and can be found in European architecture dating to the late Middle Ages.

The pattern became popular among prestigious architectural projects in 17th-century England before spreading to British colonies in North America where it became closely associated with colonial Georgian architecture, especially in Virginia and Pennsylvania. With the early 20th-century restoration project at Colonial Williamsburg, the pattern experienced renewed popularity in the United States.
Kratochvílite
Kratochvilite is a rare organic mineral formed by combustion of coal or pyritic black shale deposits. It is a hydrocarbon with the formula of either C13H10 or (C6H4)2CH2. It is a polymorph of the aromatic hydrocarbon fluorene. It forms white, yellow to brown crystals in the orthorhombic system which occur often as a druzey encrustation. It has a specific gravity of 1.21 and a Mohs hardness of 1 to 2.

It was first described from the Nejedly mine in Bohemia, Czech Republic in 1937. It is named after Josef Kratotchvíl, Czech geologist.

Orthorhombic crystal system
In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems. Orthorhombic lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular prism with a rectangular base (a by b) and height (c), such that a, b, and c are distinct. All three bases intersect at 90° angles, so the three lattice vectors remain mutually orthogonal.
Olivocochlear system
The olivocochlear system is a component of the auditory system involved with the descending control of the cochlea. Its nerve fibres, the olivocochlear bundle (OCB), form part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIIIth cranial nerve, also known as the auditory-vestibular nerve), and project from the superior olivary complex in the brainstem (pons) to the cochlea.

Acetylcholine receptor
An acetylcholine receptor (abbreviated AChR) or a cholinergic receptor is an integral membrane protein that responds to the binding of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter.

Acetylcholine receptors play varying roles in the central nervous system (CNS), the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and neuromuscular junctions, though most receptors function in a parasympathetic role. They also play a part in the development of the central nervous system, influencing factors such as neuronal growth and the formation of synapses.
Seti I
Menmaatre Seti I (or Sethos I in Greek) was the second pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt during the New Kingdom period, ruling c. 1294 or 1290 BC to 1279 BC. He was the son of Ramesses I and Sitre, and the father of Ramesses II (commonly known as Ramesses the Great).

The name 'Seti' means "of Set", which indicates that he was consecrated to the god Set (also termed "Sutekh" or "Seth"). As with most pharaohs, Seti had several names. Upon his ascension, he took the prenomen "mn-m3't-r' ", usually vocalized in Egyptian as Menmaatre (Established is the Justice of Re). His better known nomen, or birth name, is transliterated as "sty mry-n-ptḥ" or Sety Merenptah, meaning "Man of Set, beloved of Ptah". Manetho incorrectly considered him to be the founder of the 19th Dynasty, and gave him a reign length of 55 years, though no evidence has ever been found for so long a reign.

Nomen (ancient Egypt)
The nomen of ancient Egyptian pharaohs was one of the "great five names". It was introduced by king Djedefre, third pharaoh of the 4th Dynasty, as an emendation to the traditional nswt-bity crest. The nomen was later separated from the prenomen to become an independent royal name.
Robert J. Nemiroff
Robert J. Nemiroff is an astrophysicist and a professor of physics at Michigan Technological University. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in Astronomy and Astrophysics in 1987 and his B.S. from Lehigh University in Engineering Physics in 1982. He is an active researcher with interests that include gamma-ray bursts, gravitational lensing, and cosmology, and is the co-founder and co-editor of Astronomy Picture of the Day (APOD), the home page of which receives over a million hits a day, approximately 20% of nasa.gov traffic.  He is married and has one daughter.

Engineering physics
Engineering physics (EP) is the field of study combining pure science disciplines (such as physics, mathematics, chemistry) and engineering disciplines (computer, nuclear, electrical, aerospace, medical, materials, mechanical, etc.).

In many languages, the term technical physics is also used.
It has been used since 1861, after being introduced by the German physics teacher J. Frick in his publications.
Gardan
Gardan (Persian: گردان, also Romanized as Gardān; also known as Qal‘eh Now) is a village in Binalud Rural District, in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 9, in 4 families.

Nishapur County
Nishapur County (Persian: شهرستان نیشاپور) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Nishapur, the second largest city in the province and the third largest city in Eastern Iran.
Tomás Paquete
Tomás Paquete (8 September 1923 – 25 May 2009) was a Portuguese sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was amongst the greatest Portuguese record holder of 100 meters of all time, winning 18 national titles, and he was the holder of a meritorious career in international athletics, with 11 caps.

Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki, Finland was held at the Olympic Stadium on 20 and 21 July. Seventy-two athletes from 33 nations competed; each nation was limited to 3 runners. The final was won by American Lindy Remigino, the fourth consecutive victory by a different American. Herb McKenley won Jamaica's first medal in the men's 100 metres with his silver, while McDonald Bailey's bronze put Great Britain on the podium for the first time since 1928. The final was "probably the closest mass finish in Olympic 100 metre history" with the first four runners all clocking in at 10.4 seconds hand-timed, all six finalists within 0.12 seconds electric-timed (10.79 for first, 10.91 for sixth), and a photo finish necessary to separate the winners.
2010 Cheltenham Borough Council election
The 2010 Cheltenham Council election took place on 6 May 2010 to elect members of Cheltenham Borough Council in Gloucestershire, England. Half of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats stayed in overall control of the council.

After the election, the composition of the council was

Liberal Democrat 25

Conservative 12

People Against Bureaucracy 3

Borough status in the United Kingdom
Borough status is granted by royal charter to local government districts in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The status is purely honorary, and does not give any additional powers to the council or inhabitants of the district. In Scotland, similarly chartered communities were known as royal burghs, although the status is no longer granted.