hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St Mary's Church, Mirfield
St Mary's Church is the parish church of the town of Mirfield in West Yorkshire, England. The current building is a large Gothic Revival structure designed by Sir George Gilbert Scott, replacing an older structure, the tower of which still survives a short distance from the present building. These structures form Mirfield's most prominent landmark and both are listed for preservation by Historic England, the old church tower as Grade II and the present building as Grade II*.

The church is notable for its Victorian architecture, medieval remains and a surviving 11th-century motte-and-bailey castle mound located within the grounds. The church has been on the Heritage at Risk Register since 2013 due to substantial works required to repair the building.

Motte-and-bailey castle
A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy to build with unskilled labour, but still militarily formidable, these castles were built across northern Europe from the 10th century onwards, spreading from Normandy and Anjou in France, into the Holy Roman Empire, as well as the Low Countries it controlled, in the 11th century, when these castles were popularized in the area that became the Netherlands. The Normans introduced the design into England and Wales. Motte-and-bailey castles were adopted in Scotland, Ireland, and Denmark in the 12th and 13th centuries. By the end of the 13th century, the design was largely superseded by alternative forms of fortification, but the earthworks remain a prominent feature in many countries.
K. V. Thomas
Kurupassery Varkey Thomas (born 10 May 1946) is an Indian politician from Kumbalangi in Ernakulam district, Kerala, India. He  represented  Ernakulam Constituency from 1984 to 1996 and further from 2009 to 2019. He was the Minister of State in the Ministry of Agriculture and Minister of State - Independent Charge in the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, 2nd UPA Government; a member of the Indian Parliament; and was a member of All India Congress Committee from 1984 to 2022. Thomas was also Minister of Toutism, Fisheries & Excise in the A.K. Antony Ministry in Kerala from 2001 to 2005 and was also Member of Legislative Assembly representing Ernakulam from 2001 till 2009. He is now the Special Representative of Government of Kerala at New Delhi with Cabinet rank.

All India Congress Committee
The All India Congress Committee (AICC) is the presidium or the central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress. It is composed of members elected from state-level Pradesh Congress Committees and can have as many as a thousand members. It is the AICC that elects members of the Congress Working Committee and the Congress President, who is also the head of the AICC.

The organisational executives of the AICC are several general-secretaries selected by the Congress President and the members of the Congress Working Committee. AICC is responsible for decision-making and policy formulation for the party at the national level. It also sets the party's agenda and strategies for national and state-level elections.
Wells Island
Wells Island is a bar island in Tyler County, West Virginia on the Ohio River. In 1891, the Board on Geographic Names officially decided upon Wells Island as the island's name. It lies to the southwest of Sistersville. Wells Island is protected as part of the Ohio River Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

United States Board on Geographic Names
The United States Board on Geographic Names (BGN) is a federal body operating under the United States secretary of the interior. The purpose of the board is to establish and maintain uniform usage of geographic names throughout the federal government of the United States.
Trioxide
A trioxide is a compound with three oxygen atoms.  For metals with the M2O3 formula there are several common structures.  Al2O3, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, and V2O3 adopt the corundum structure.  Many rare earth oxides adopt the "A-type rare earth structure" which is hexagonal.  Several others plus indium oxide adopt the "C-type rare earth structure", also called "bixbyite", which is cubic and related to the fluorite structure.

Fluorite structure
The fluorite structure refers to a common motif for compounds with the formula MX2. The X ions occupy the eight tetrahedral interstitial sites whereas M ions occupy the regular sites of a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure.  Many compounds, notably the common mineral fluorite (CaF2), adopt this structure.

Many compounds with formula M2X have an antifluorite structure. In these the locations of the anions and cations are reversed relative to fluorite (an anti-structure); the anions occupy the FCC regular sites whereas the cations occupy the tetrahedral interstitial sites. For example, magnesium silicide, Mg2Si, has a lattice parameter of 6.338 Å with magnesium cations occupying the tetrahedral interstitial sites, in which each silicide anion is surrounded by eight magnesium cations and each magnesium cation is surrounded by four silicide anions in a tetrahedral fashion.

The fluorite structure of calcium fluoride CaF2.

The antifluorite structure of magnesium silicide Mg2Si.
Zagóra, Gmina Susiec
Zagóra (Polish pronunciation: [zaˈɡura]) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Susiec, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It is situated in the forested Roztocze region, an area known for its mixed woodlands and small agricultural clearings. The settlement lies close to the boundary of the Roztocze Narional Park, which is noted for its natural trails and protected habitats.

Roztocze National Park
Roztocze National Park (Polish: Roztoczański Park Narodowy) is a national park in Lublin Voivodeship of southeastern Poland. It protects the most valuable natural areas of the middle part of the Roztocze range. Its current size is 84.83 km2 (32.75 sq mi), of which forests occupy 81.02 km2, and strictly protected areas 8.06 km2. The park has its headquarters in Zwierzyniec.
Uppland Runic Inscription 873
Runic inscription U 873 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age memorial runestone that is located in Örsunda, which is about one kilometer west of Örsundsbro, Uppsala County, Sweden, which is in the historic province of Uppland.

Uppsala County
Uppsala County (Swedish: Uppsala län) pronounced: /ʊpsɔˈlə/ is a county or län on the eastern coast of Sweden, whose capital is the city of Uppsala. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Stockholm, Södermanland, Västmanland, Gävleborg, and the Baltic Sea.
Randy Marsh (South Park)
Randy S. Marsh is a fictional character in the American adult animated sitcom South Park. He is the most prominent parent on the series and a married father who raises his son Stan and daughter Shelley along with his wife Sharon in the fictional town of South Park, Colorado. Randy's first name and original job as a geologist are derived from the series co-creator Trey Parker's father, and Parker describes Randy as "the biggest dingbat in the entire show". According to the season 16 episode "Reverse Cowgirl", the Marsh home address was 260 Avenue de los Mexicanos until their move to Tegridy Farms in season 22.

In tradition with South Park's animation style, Randy is composed of simple geometrical shapes, animated with the use of a computer, and rendered to mimic the appearance of construction paper cutout compositions animated through the use of stop motion, which was the technique used to animate the Spirit of Christmas short films. Randy is voiced by Trey Parker.

Adult animation
Adult animation is animation in the form of films and television series that is catered specifically to general interests and is mainly targeted and marketed towards teenagers, young adults, and mature audiences as opposed to children or all-ages audiences.
Consequences of the Chernobyl disaster in France
The consequences of the Chernobyl disaster in France have been a subject of debate ever since the disaster struck in 1986. Officially, there were no negative health consequences in France, but this is disputed by certain associations, often close to anti-nuclear movements, who are calling for greater transparency on the part of the public authorities.

Georges Charpak
Hersz Georges Charpak (French: [ʒɔʁʒ ʃaʁpak]; 1 August 1924 – 29 September 2010) was a Polish-born French physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1992 for his invention of the multiwire proportional chamber.
Calosoma angulatum
Calosoma angulatum, the angulate caterpillar hunter, is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily of Carabinae. It was described by Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat in 1834. This species is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and the United States (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas), where it inhabits premontane moist forests and oak-savannah.

Adults have been recorded preying on Spodoptera frugiperda.

Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat
Louis Alexandre Auguste Chevrolat (French pronunciation: [lwi alɛksɑ̃dʁ oɡyst ʃəvʁɔla]; 29 March 1799, Paris – 16 December 1884, Paris) was a French entomologist. He specialized mainly on the beetles and was a founder of the Societe entomologique de France in 1832.

Chevrolat worked as a toll administrator in government service in Paris. He was an amateur entomologist who studied mainly beetles and birds. He published nearly 250 notes and papers and was the author of more than 2,000 species. He was one of the founders of the Société entomologique de France in 1832. On his death, his collection was dispersed. Part of his collection is now in the Natural History Museum in London along with some manuscripts.
Burrow (Shropshire)
Burrow is a hill in Shropshire with an Iron Age hill fort at the summit known as Burrow Camp. The nearest villages are Hopesay and Aston-on-Clun. It includes a large number of hut platforms, and two natural springs.

At 15:45 on 13 September 1943 a Vickers Wellington crashed on the hill. The flight was part of a cross-country and practice bombing exercise from RAF Chipping Warden, Northamptonshire. The crew encountered a severe thunderstorm above south Shropshire and was seen to be struck by lightning while flying over Lydbury North causing the plane to catch fire and lose height before disintegrating on the hilltop killing all eight crew members.

Lydbury North
Lydbury North (/lɪdbriː/ LID-bree) is a village and a geographically large civil parish in south Shropshire, England. The population of the parish at the 2011 census was 695. The parish is locally called Lydbury, and there is no settlement called Lydbury South.

It lies in the southwest corner of the county, near to the towns of Clun and Bishop's Castle. The B4385 road runs through the village, as does the Jack Mytton Way. To the west is the village and parish of Colebatch. There is a part-time post office, community shop, school and church. Also there is a public house called the Powis Arms. The parish church, St Michael and All Angels, contains a small Catholic chapel.

The village is at grid reference SO352859 and lies between 155m and 165m above sea level. Whilst the land to the south is flat, to the north it rises steeply.
Soil sloughing
Soil sloughing is soil falling off banks and slopes due to a loss in cohesion. Soil sloughs off for the same reasons as landslides in general, with very wet soil being among the leading factors. Sloughing is a relatively shallow phenomenon involving the uppermost layers of the soil. Bare soils are more likely to slough than 
soils with plant cover in part because the roots help hold the surface against gravity. Unabated soil sloughing can end in massive bank or slope failure.

Vegetation and slope stability
Vegetation and slope stability are interrelated by the ability of the plant life growing on slopes to both promote and hinder the stability of the slope.  The relationship is a complex combination of the type of soil, the rainfall regime, the plant species present, the slope aspect, and the steepness of the slope.  Knowledge of the underlying slope stability as a function of the soil type, its age, horizon development, compaction, and other impacts is a major underlying aspect of understanding how vegetation can alter the stability of the slope. There are four major ways in which vegetation influences slope stability: wind throwing, the removal of water, mass of vegetation (surcharge), and mechanical reinforcement of roots.
Jay Fraga
Jason R. "Jay" Fraga (born 1972, Massachusetts) is an American speaker, activist, and former BMX racer.

Jay is the founder and executive director of The Knockout Project. He is an outspoken advocate on the topic of concussion education, having sustained multiple concussions. He suffers from post-concussion syndrome.

Fraga argues that concussed athletes are unable to judge the severity of their own injuries and need oversight from medically-qualified sideline observers.

BMX racing
BMX racing is a type of bicycle racing which features BMX riders sharing a short single-lap circuit or point-to-point course, with multiple banked corners, jumps and rollers. The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing, and sanctioned internationally by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), facilitated by a number of continental, national and local sanctioning bodies.
Summer Yates
Summer Faith Yates (born June 17, 2000) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for the Orlando Pride of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Internationally she has represented the United States at multiple youth levels.

United States women's national under-20 soccer team
The United States U-20 women's national soccer team is a youth soccer team operated under the auspices of U.S. Soccer.  Its primary role is the development of players in preparation for the senior women's national team.  The team most recently appeared in the 2024 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup in Colombia, where they placed third. The team competes in a variety of competitions, including the biennial FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, which is the top competition for this age group.
Michael Di Pasqua
Michael Di Pasqua (May 4, 1953 – August 29, 2016) was an American cool jazz drummer and percussionist born in Orlando, Florida, probably better known for his work with Zoot Sims, Al Cohn and Gerry Mulligan, among others.

Al Cohn
Alvin Gilbert Cohn (November 24, 1925 – February 15, 1988) was an American jazz saxophonist, arranger and composer. He came to prominence in the band of clarinetist Woody Herman and was known for his longtime musical partnership with fellow saxophonist Zoot Sims.
Al-Jarniyah, Rif Dimashq
Al-Jarniyah (Arabic: الجرنية) is a Syrian village in the Al-Tall District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Jarniyah had a population of 271 in the 2004 census.

Rif Dimashq Governorate
Rif Dimashq Governorate (Arabic: محافظة ريف دمشق, romanized: Moḥaafaẓat Reef Demashq, lit. "Damascus Countryside" or "Damascus Suburbs") is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in the southwestern part of the country. It borders the governorates of Quneitra, Daraa and Suwayda in the southwest, Homs in the north, Lebanon in the west and Jordan in the south. The capital is the city of Douma.

The Governorate completely surrounds the city and governorate of Damascus and it has an area of 18,032 km² and a population of 2,273,074 (2004 census).

The Governorate was a major site of fighting in the Syrian Civil War in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign.
Thomas Goulard
Thomas Goulard (1697–1784)  was a French surgeon famous for Goulard's extract, a solution of lead(II) acetate and lead(II) oxide which was formerly used as an astringent. Goulard was a surgeon and anatomist  in Montpellier who specialized in genitourinary disorders. His best known written work is titled Oeuvres de Chirurgie.

Genitourinary system
The genitourinary system, or urogenital system, are the sex organs of the reproductive system and the organs of the urinary system. These are grouped together because of their proximity to each other, their common embryological origin and the use of common pathways. Because of this, the systems are sometimes imaged together. In placental mammals (including humans), the male urethra goes through and opens into the penis while the female urethra and vagina empty through the vulva.

The term "apparatus urogenitalis" was used in Nomina Anatomica (under splanchnologia) but is not used in the current Terminologia Anatomica.
Provincial road N377 (Netherlands)
Provincial road N377 is a Dutch provincial road between Hasselt, in the province of Overijssel, and Coevorden, in the province of Drenthe. Parts of the road are expressway, mainly in between the A28 and Slagharen. The road consists of 1x2 driving lanes, with an exception of 2x2 lanes in Nieuwleusen and Balkbrug. There are a few grade-separated crossings. The road has a length of 44 km (27 miles).

A28 motorway (Netherlands)
The A28 motorway is a motorway in the Netherlands. It is approximately 188 kilometers in length.

The A28 traverses the Dutch provinces of Utrecht, Gelderland, Overijssel, Drenthe and Groningen. The road connects the cities of Utrecht, Amersfoort, Zwolle, Assen, and Groningen.
Red Moon of Zembabwei
"Red Moon of Zembabwei" is a short story by American  writers  L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter, featuring the fictional sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian created by Robert E. Howard. It was first published in the July 1974 issue of the magazine Fantastic, and  first appeared in book form in the Ace Books paperback collection Conan of Aquilonia in May 1977, which was reprinted several times through 1994. The first British edition was published by Sphere Books in October 1978.

Lin Carter
Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 – February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor and critic. He usually wrote as Lin Carter; known pseudonyms include H. P. Lowcraft (for an H. P. Lovecraft parody) and Grail Undwin. In the 1970s he was editor of the Ballantine Adult Fantasy series, which introduced readers to many overlooked classics of the fantasy genre.
HD 221246
HD 221246 or NGC 7686 1 is a star in open cluster NGC 7686, and it belongs to the northern constellation of Andromeda. With an apparent visual magnitude of 6.17, it can be viewed by the naked eye only under very favourable conditions. It has a spectral classification of K3III, meaning it is an evolved orange giant star. Parallax measurements place this star about 1,000 light years away from the Solar System.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Palmless Prayer / Mass Murder Refrain
Palmless Prayer / Mass Murder Refrain is a collaborative studio album by Mono and World's End Girlfriend. It was originally released via Human Highway Records on 14 December 2005. In 2006, it was re-released via Temporary Residence Limited.

Temporary Residence Limited
Temporary Residence Limited (shortened TRL) is a Brooklyn, New York–based record label. TRL was started in Louisville, Kentucky, in 1996 by Jeremy DeVine, and initially concentrated on releasing music by Louisville-based bands. DeVine moved to Baltimore, Maryland, in the late 1990s to attend the Maryland Institute College of Art, but dropped out to concentrate on running the label by the end of the decade. DeVine later moved operations to Brooklyn, New York.

The label releases the Travels in Constants series of limited-edition albums.

In December 2005, American webzine Somewhere Cold voted Temporary Residence Limited Label of the Year on their 2005 Somewhere Cold Awards Hall of Fame list.
Bi-isotropic material
In physics, engineering and materials science, a bi-isotropic material is an isotropic medium where the electric and magnetic flux densities are linearly coupled to both the electric and magnetic fields via scalar constitutive relations, including magnetoelectric coupling terms. A major subset of such materials, known as Pasteur media, are optically active: they can rotate the polarization of light in either refraction or transmission. This does not mean all materials with twist effect fall in the bi-isotropic class.  The twist effect of the class of bi-isotropic materials is caused by the chirality and/or non-reciprocity of the structure of the media, in which the electric and magnetic field of an electromagnetic wave (or simply, light) interact in an unusual way.

Acoustic analog of bi-anisotropy is known as Willis coupling.

Refraction
In physics, refraction is the redirection of a wave as it passes from one medium to another. The redirection can be caused by the wave's change in speed or by a change in the medium. Refraction of light is the most commonly observed phenomenon, but other waves such as sound waves and water waves also experience refraction. How much a wave is refracted is determined by the change in wave speed and the initial direction of wave propagation relative to the direction of change in speed.

Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and allows prisms  and raindrops in rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors.
MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd.
MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd., 545 U.S. 913 (2005), is a United States Supreme Court decision in which the Court ruled unanimously that the defendants, peer-to-peer file sharing companies Grokster and Streamcast (maker of Morpheus), could be held liable for inducing copyright infringement by users of their file sharing software. The plaintiffs were a consortium of 28 entertainment companies, led by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios.

Morpheus (file-sharing software)
Morpheus was a file sharing and searching peer-to-peer client for Microsoft Windows, developed and distributed by the company StreamCast, that originally used the OpenNap protocol, but later supported many different peer-to-peer protocols.  On April 22, 2008, distributor StreamCast Networks filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy after a long legal battle with music companies; all of their employees were laid off and the official download at www.morpheus.com stopped being available, though for a small period the website remained online. As of October 29, 2008, the official Morpheus website is offline, including all other websites owned by StreamCast Networks, specifically MusicCity.com, Streamcastnetworks.com and NeoNetwork.com.