hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aortic cross-clamp
An aortic cross-clamp is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to clamp the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart.

An aortic cross-clamping procedure serves, for example, in the repairing of coarctation of the aorta. In newborns, the treatment of choice for this condition is resection and primary anastomosis. The clamping of the aorta excludes the systemic circulation, by definition, thus causing an ischemia. When a long cross-clamping period (longer than 25 min) or a drop in distal aortic pressure below 50–60 mmHg is anticipated, the use of an intraoperative shunt may prevent complications such as paraplegia. A prolonged cross-clamp time is associated with worse cardiac outcomes after surgery.

Aorta
The aorta (/eɪˈɔːrtə/ ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.
Pristimantis gentryi
Pristimantis gentryi is a species of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to central Ecuador where it is found in a small area west of the Páramo de Apagua, Cotopaxi Province. The specific name gentryi honors Alwyn Gentry, American botanist who perished during his field work in Ecuador. Common name Pilalo robber frog has been proposed for this species.

Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes Pristimantis, the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Based on molecular dating, the Holoadeninae in particular appears to have originated in the Eocene. The Oligocene-Miocene transition was also found to be important to their biogeographical history. However, the lack of Holoadeninae fossils and limited nucleotide data ambiguates the results, by the authors' admission.
Oleg Kryazhev
Oleg Vladimirovich Kryazhev (Russian: Оле́г Влади́мирович Кря́жев), born October 9, 1970, in Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union) is a retired Kazakhstani professional ice hockey player, who played for Team Kazakhstan at the 1998 Winter Olympic Games.

Kazakhstan men's national ice hockey team
The Kazakhstan Men's National Ice Hockey Team is controlled by Kazakhstan Ice Hockey Federation. Kazakhstan is ranked 13th in the world as of 2025. They have competed at the Winter Olympics twice, in 1998 and 2006. The national team joined the IIHF in 1992 and first played internationally at the 1993 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships. The team has frequently played at the elite division of the World Championship, often moving between there and the Division I level.
Lioni
Lioni is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, southern Italy.

Located in western Irpinia, in the Monti Picentini natural park, the municipality borders with Bagnoli Irpino, Calabritto, Caposele, Morra De Sanctis, Nusco, Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi and Teora. It is 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Avellino and is linked by a mountain road to the ski resort of Laceno.

Laceno
Laceno is an Italian hamlet (frazione) and ski resort situated in the municipality of Bagnoli Irpino, Province of Avellino, Campania. It includes a Ski Resort (with 18 km of ski Slopes) with artificial snow if required, a lake with food area, Caliendo Caves and a Trekking Point.
The Society of Floristry Limited
The Society of Floristry Limited was formed in 1951 to meet the growing need for professional recognition for florists in the UK. Its first major task, after forming a Council of directors composed of leading florists in the industry, was to write, run and mark examinations in floristry skills and theory, which it did successfully for almost 49 years. It developed into an educational and standard-setting body which pioneered the concept of floristry as a profession, running regular workshops and educational seminars for florists undertaking study and continuing professional development. It went out of existence in 2010.

Workshop
Beginning with the Industrial Revolution era, a workshop may be a room, rooms or building which provides both the area and tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair of manufactured goods. Workshops were the only places of production until the advent of industrialization and the development of larger factories. In the 20th and 21st century, many Western homes contained a workshop in either the garage, basement, or an external shed. Home workshops typically contain a workbench, hand tools, power tools, and other hardware. Along with the practical application of repairing goods, workshops are often used to tinker and make prototypes.

Some workshops focus exclusively on automotive repair or restoration although there are a variety of workshops in existence today.  Woodworking, metalworking, electronics, and other types of electronic prototyping workshops are among the most common.
Willandra Lakes Region
The Willandra Lakes Region is a World Heritage Site in the Far West region of New South Wales, Australia. The Willandra Lakes Region is the traditional meeting place of the Muthi Muthi, Ngiyampaa and Paakantyi Aboriginal peoples. The 2,400-square-kilometre (930 sq mi) area was inscribed on the World Heritage List at the 5th Session of the World Heritage Committee in 1981.

The Region contains important natural and cultural features including exceptional examples of past human civilization including the world's oldest evidence of cremation. A small section of the region is protected by the Mungo National Park.

The World Heritage status of the region was created and negotiated in 1981. The site was gazetted on the Australian National Heritage List on 21 May 2007 under the Environment and Heritage Legislation Amendment Act (No. 1), 2003 (Cth). The region is also listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register.

Ngiyampaa
The Ngiyampaa people,  also spelt Ngyiyambaa, Nyammba and Ngemba, are an Aboriginal Australian people of the state of New South Wales. The generic name refers to an aggregation of three groups, the Ngiyampaa, the Ngiyampaa Wangaaypuwan, and the Ngiyampaa Wayilwan, respectively clans of a larger Ngiyampaa nation.
Ræge Church
Ræge Church (Norwegian Bokmål: Ræge kirke, Nynorsk: Ræge kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Sola Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located just north of the village of Stenebyen. It is the church for the Ræge parish which is part of the Tungenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, concrete, modern church was built in a rectangular design in 2009 using designs by the architect Henriette Sagland from the architectural firm Link Signatur. The church seats about 300 people.

Nynorsk
Nynorsk (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnŷːnɔʂk] ⓘ; lit. 'Modern Norwegian'  or 'New Norwegian')  is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål), parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written standard known as Riksmål. The name Nynorsk was introduced in 1929. After a series of reforms, it is still the written standard closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål and Danish.

Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (primarily in the west around the city of Bergen) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending secondary schools. Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and middle school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form.
Ministry of National Economy and Finance (Greece)
The Ministry of National Economy and Finance  (Greek: Υπουργείο Εθνικής Οικονομίας και Οικονομικών) is the government department  responsible for overseeing Greece's public finances. The current minister is Kyriakos Pierrakakis, a member of the Hellenic Parliament representing the Athens A constituency for the New Democracy party.

The ministry was established in August 2023 through a renaming and reorganization of the former Ministry of Finance under the Mitsotakis government. The restructured ministry now incorporates entities previously managed by the Ministry of Development.

Athens A
Athens Alpha (Greek: Α΄ Αθηνών) is a parliamentary constituency in Attica represented in the Hellenic Parliament. In its present form it dates to 1958, when the Athens B constituency was split off, leaving Athens A with the Municipality of Athens. It elects fourteen Members of Parliament (MPs) by reinforced proportional representation.
Paul Lieber
Paul Lieber is an American film, television and theatre actor. He is perhaps best known for playing the role of Det. Sgt. Eric Dorsey on three episodes of the American sitcom television series Barney Miller.

Lieber guest-starred in television programs including Barney Miller, Who's the Boss?, Dallas, Cagney & Lacey, Murder, She Wrote, Night Court, Silver Spoons, Law & Order, Monk, Jake and the Fatman, The X-Files, Judging Amy and Curb Your Enthusiasm. He also performed in two Broadway plays, And Miss Reardon Drinks a Little and Lenny.

Jake and the Fatman
Jake and the Fatman is an American crime drama legal drama television series starring William Conrad as prosecutor J. L. (Jason Lochinvar) "Fatman" McCabe and Joe Penny as investigator Jake Styles. Created by Dean Hargrove and Joel Steiger, the series ran on CBS for five seasons from September 26, 1987, to May 6, 1992.

Diagnosis: Murder, which aired from 1993 to 2001, was a medical-oriented spin-off of Jake and the Fatman that came to be a popular series of its own.
Eskridge, Mississippi
Eskridge is an unincorporated community located in Montgomery County, Mississippi, United States, located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Duck Hill and 6.7 miles (10.8 km) northeast of Winona. Eskridge is located on U.S. Route 51 and the Grenada Railway. A post office operated under the name Eskridge from 1897 to 1927.

Duck Hill, Mississippi
Duck Hill is a town in Montgomery County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 619 at the 2020 census, down from 732 in 2010.

Duck Hill is located on U.S. Route 51, midway between Grenada and Winona. Big Bogue Creek flows east and north of the town.

The Lucie E. Campbell Gospel and Heritage Festival takes place each summer in Duck Hill.
Commemorative Medal of the 1914–1917 African Campaigns
The Commemorative Medal of the African Campaigns 1914–1917 (French: Médaille Commémorative des Campagnes d'Afrique 1914–1917, Dutch: Herinneringsmedaille van de Afrikaanse Veldtochten 1914–1917) was a Belgian military war service medal established by Royal Decree on 21 February 1917 to recognise combat service on the African continent between 1914 and 1918.

It was awarded in silver to Belgian military personnel and in bronze to indigenous personnel who participated in the campaigns in Cameroun, Rhodesia, German East Africa and on the Eastern borders of the Belgian Congo between 1914 and 1918.  In 1931, the clasp "MAHENGE" was established for award to the participants of the 1917 campaign beginning in Tanganyika in German East Africa and resulting in the capture of the city of Mahenge.

The medal was produced in two different variants, type 1 bore the years 1914–1916, type 2 bore the years 1914–1917 on the reverse.

German East Africa
German East Africa (GEA; German: Deutsch-Ostafrika DOA) was a German colony in the African Great Lakes region, which included present-day Burundi, Rwanda, the Tanzania mainland, and the Kionga Triangle, a small region later incorporated into Mozambique. GEA's area was 994,996 km2 (384,170 sq mi), which is nearly three times the area of present-day Germany and almost double the area of metropolitan Germany at the time.

The colony was organised when the German military was asked in the late 1880s to put down a revolt against the activities of the German East Africa Company. It ended with Imperial Germany's defeat in World War I. Ultimately the territory was divided amongst Britain, Belgium and Portugal, and was reorganised as a mandate of the League of Nations.
Helge Kvamme
Helge Kvamme (1938 – 5 August 1996) is a Norwegian jurist and businessperson.

He was born in Bergen. He was a jurist by education and worked as a lecturer at the University of Oslo from 1969 to 1973. He was hired in Norges Brannkasse in 1974, and in 1977 he was promoted to deputy chief executive. In 1984 the company entered the insurance group UNI Forsikring. He left the company in 1986 to work as a director in Gjensidige. He was also chair of Statoil from 1992.

He held both the director and chairman post until he died in 1996, on a business trip in Finland with Gjensidige. An obituary was published by later Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg, who praised Kvamme's work in Statoil.

UNI Forsikring
UNI Forsikring was an insurance group based in Norway.

It was founded in 1984 as a cooperation between life insurance company Norske Folk and general insurance company Norges Brannkasse. It was decided to restructure the two parties as public companies in 1989, under the names UNI Liv and UNI Skade respectively. In 1991 UNI Forsikring was merged with Storebrand to form UNI Storebrand; which however reverted to the name Storebrand after some years.
Harden Shire
Harden Shire was a local government area in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire included the twin towns of Harden and Murrumburrah and the small towns of Galong, Jugiong, Wombat and Kingsvale.

The Shire was established in 1975 from the merger of the Municipality of Murrumburrah with Demondrille Shire. In 2016, Harden Shire was amalgamated with Boorowa Shire and Young Shire to create Hilltops Council.

The last mayor of Harden Shire was Cr. John Horton, an unaligned politician.

Wombat, New South Wales
Wombat is a town in South West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia. It is situated on the Olympic Highway, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south-west of the regional centre of Young. It is in the local government area of Hilltops Council.
Vinylene carbonate
Vinylene carbonate (VC) or 1,3-dioxol-2-one, is the simplest unsaturated cyclic carbonic acid ester. Vinylene carbonate can also be thought of as the cyclic carbonate of the hypothetical (Z)-ethene-1,2-diol. The activated double bond in this five-membered oxygen-containing heterocycle makes the molecule a reactive monomer for homopolymerization and copolymerization and a dienophile in Diels-Alder reactions. Below room temperature vinylene carbonate is a colorless stable solid.

Monomer
A monomer (/ˈmɒnəmər/ MON-ə-mər; mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or two- or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.
Eugene Kurtz
Eugene Allen Kurtz (December 27, 1923 – July 7, 2006) was an American composer of contemporary classical music.

He received an M.A. in music from the Eastman School of Music in 1949. His instructors included Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, and Max Deutsch. He served as a guest professor of composition at the University of Michigan, the Eastman School of Music, and several other universities. His notable students include John Burke, Roger Briggs, John S. Hilliard, and Robert Morris.

His best-known composition is The Last Contrabass in Las Vegas (1974), for double bass and female narrator, which was composed for Bertram Turetzky and his wife Nancy Turetzky, who have performed it frequently. He was also commissioned by Radio France.

Kurtz was born in Atlanta and served in the U.S. Army during World War II; he first arrived in France in 1944. He settled in Paris in 1952, living there until his death there of a lung infection at the age of 82.

Darius Milhaud
Darius Milhaud (French: [daʁjys mijo], Provençal: [miˈjawt]; 4 September 1892 – 22 June 1974) was a French composer, conductor, and teacher. He was a member of Les Six—The Group of Six—and one of the most prolific composers of the 20th century. His compositions are influenced by jazz and Brazilian music and make extensive use of polytonality. Milhaud is considered one of the key modernist composers. He taught many future jazz and classical composers, including Burt Bacharach, Dave Brubeck, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, György Kurtág, Karlheinz Stockhausen and Iannis Xenakis among others.
Vita Mateshuk
Victoria Victorіvna Mateshuk (Lysechko) Ukrainian: Вікторія Вікторівна Матешук (Лисечко) (born 12 February 1969) is a retired Soviet and Ukrainian female volleyball player.

She was part of the Soviet Union women's national under-20 volleyball team at the 1988 Women's Junior European Volleyball Championship.

She was part of the Ukraine women's national volleyball team at the 1996 Summer Olympics, and at the 1994 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship. On club level she played with Orbita Zaporizhya.

Soviet Union women's national under-21 volleyball team
The Soviet Union women's national under-20 volleyball team represents Soviet Union in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches under the age 20 and it was ruled by the Soviet Volleyball Federation That was a member of The Federation of International Volleyball FIVB and also a part of The European Volleyball Confederation CEV.
Graham Lloyd
Graham David Lloyd (born 1 July 1969) is a former English cricketer who played for Lancashire County Cricket Club (1988–2002) and in six One Day Internationals for England between 1996 and 1998. His final List A cricket appearance was for Cumberland County Cricket Club in 2003 against Scotland, a match in which he scored 123 runs.

Lloyd played club cricket for Accrington Cricket Club, the town in which he was born. He is the son of former England coach and batsman David Lloyd, under whom he made all of his appearances for England. When Lloyd Senior came out of retirement at the age of 61 to play again for Accrington in 2008 he batted alongside son Graham with father and son making 15 and 78 respectively in a loss against Haslingden Cricket Club.

Lloyd is now an umpire on the first-class umpires list of the England and Wales Cricket Board.

Cumbria County Cricket Club
Cumbria County Cricket Club (formerly Cumberland County Cricket Club) is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic counties of Cumberland and Westmorland.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Cumbria played List A matches occasionally from 1984 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

With Westmorland losing a CCC, Cumberland renamed to Cumbria to cover both counties. The rename to Cumbria takes inspiration from a similar local government reform. The club play at Carlisle (Edenside Ground), Workington and Penrith from Cumberland as well as Westmorland's former grounds in Kendal (Netherfield Cricket Club Ground) and Barrow-in-Furness, the latter originally Lancashire.
2022 Knoxville Challenger – Doubles
Malek Jaziri and Blaž Rola were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Hunter Reese and Tennys Sandgren won the title after defeating Martin Damm and Mitchell Krueger 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–3), [10–5] in the final.

Martin Damm (born 2003)
Martin Damm Jr. (born September 30, 2003) is an American professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 125 achieved on February 16, 2026 and a doubles ranking of No. 303 achieved on November 6, 2023.
Acanthocephala
Acanthocephala /əˌkænθoʊˈsɛfələ/ (Greek ἄκανθος, akanthos 'thorn' + κεφαλή, kephale 'head') is a group of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms, or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines, which it uses to pierce and hold the gut wall of its host. Acanthocephalans have complex life cycles, involving at least two hosts, which may include invertebrates, fish, amphibians, birds, and mammals. About 1,420 species have been described.

The Acanthocephala were long thought to be a discrete phylum. Recent genome analysis has shown that they are descended from, and should be considered as, highly modified rotifers. This unified taxon is sometimes known as Syndermata, or simply as Rotifera, with the acanthocephalans described as a subclass of a rotifer class Hemirotatoria.

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
HMS Answer
The following ships of the Royal Navy has borne the name Answer or HMS Answer:

Answer (1590) was a 21-gun galleon built in 1590, rebuilt in 1604 and sold in 1629.

HMS Answer (P425) was to have been an Amphion-class submarine, but she was cancelled in 1945.

Amphion-class submarine
The Amphion class (also known as the "A" class and Acheron class) of British diesel-electric submarines were designed for use in the Pacific War. Only two were completed before the end of hostilities, but following modernisation in the 1950s, they continued to serve in the Royal Navy into the 1970s.
The Merrie Men of Sherwood Forest
The Merrie Men of Sherwood Forest, or Forest Days in the Olden Time is a pastoral operetta in three acts. The words and music were written by W. H. Birch and the work was published by John Blockley of Argyll Street, London.

Argyll Street
Argyll Street is a street in the Soho district of Central London. It links Great Marlborough Street to the south to Oxford Street in the north and is connected to Regent Street to the west by Little Argyll Street. Historically it was sometimes written as Argyle Street.
Scoop Usher
Robert L. "Scoop" Usher (December 6, 1913 – April 20, 1985) was a Democratic politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives.  Born in Hannibal, Missouri, he was elected to the Missouri House of Representatives on December 28, 1973, in a special election.  Usher had previously served as a Missouri State Highway Patrol Officer. He was first-runner up in 1957, 1958, and 1959 as national champion pistol shooter.  He also played semi-professional basketball.

Missouri State Highway Patrol
The Missouri State Highway Patrol (MSHP) is the highway patrol agency for Missouri and has jurisdiction all across the state. It is a division of the Missouri Department of Public Safety. Colonel Michael A. Turner has been serving as the 25th superintendent since January 30, 2025.

In 1992, MSHP became the 10th state law enforcement agency to receive accreditation from the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA).