hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Treaty of Christburg
The Treaty of Christburg (modern Dzierzgoń in Poland) was a peace treaty signed on 2 February 1249 between the pagan Prussian clans, represented by a papal legate, and the Teutonic Knights. It is often cited as the end of the First Prussian Uprising, but it was not adhered to or enforced, especially after the Battle of Krücken in November 1249, where Prussians massacred and tortured to death 54 knights who had surrendered. The treaty guaranteed personal rights to all Prussians who converted to Christianity, but it did nothing to establish peace as many Prussians did not wish to convert and the Knights swore to root out paganism. It is one of the few documents from the period that survive in full to this day. It provides a useful insight into the life and religious tensions in pagan Prussia. It also offers a small glimpse into the Prussian mythology and traditions.

Prussia (region)
Prussia is a historical region in Central Europe on the south-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea that ranges from the Vistula delta in the west to the end of the Curonian Spit in the east and extends inland as far as Masuria, divided between Poland (Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship), Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast) and Lithuania (Lithuania Minor). This region is often also referred to as Old Prussia.

Tacitus's Germania (98 AD) is the oldest known record of an eyewitness account on the territory and its inhabitants. Suiones, Sitones, Goths and other Germanic people had temporarily settled to the east and west of the Vistula River during the Migration Period, adjacent to the Aesti, who lived further to the east.
Circle Map
For the circle of lands, see T and O map.

Circle Map is a composition for orchestra and electronics by the Finnish composer Kaija Saariaho.  The work was jointly commissioned by the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, the Boston Symphony Orchestra, the Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra, the Orchestre National de France, the Royal Scottish National Orchestra, and the Stavanger Symphony Orchestra.  It was first performed at the Holland Festival in Gashouder, Amsterdam on June 22, 2012, by the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra under the conductor Susanna Mälkki.

Kaija Saariaho
Kaija Anneli Saariaho (Finnish: [ˈkɑi̯jɑ ˈsɑːriɑho]; née Laakkonen; 14 October 1952 – 2 June 2023) was a Finnish composer based in Paris, France. During the course of her career, Saariaho received commissions from the Lincoln Center for the Kronos Quartet and from IRCAM for the Ensemble Intercontemporain, the BBC, the New York Philharmonic, the Salzburg Music Festival, the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris, and the Finnish National Opera, among others. In a 2019 composers' poll by BBC Music Magazine, Saariaho was ranked the greatest living composer.

Saariaho studied composition in Helsinki, Freiburg, and Paris, where she also lived since 1982. Her research at the Institute for Research and Coordination in Acoustics/Music (IRCAM) marked a turning point in her music away from strict serialism towards spectralism. Her characteristically rich, polyphonic textures are often created by combining live music and electronics.
Itô's theorem
Itô's theorem is a result in the mathematical discipline of representation theory due to Noboru Itô.  It generalizes the well-known result that the dimension of an irreducible representation of a group must divide the order of that group.

Order (group theory)
In mathematics, the order of a finite group is the number of its elements. If a group is not finite, one says that its order is infinite. The order of an element of a group (also called period length or period) is the order of the subgroup generated by the element. If the group operation is denoted as a multiplication, the order of an element a of a group, is thus the smallest positive integer m such that am = e, where e denotes the identity element of the group, and am denotes the product of m copies of a. If no such m exists, the order of a is infinite.

The order of a group G is denoted by ord(G) or |G|, and the order of an element a is denoted by ord(a) or |a|, instead of  where the brackets denote the generated group.

Lagrange's theorem states that for any subgroup H of a finite group G, the order of the subgroup divides the order of the group; that is, |H| is a divisor of |G|. In particular, the order |a| of any element is a divisor of |G|.
Kanstantsin Barycheuski
Kanstantsin Iharavich Barycheuski (Belarusian: Канстанцін Ігаравіч Барычэўскі; born 29 May 1990) is a Belarusian long jumper. Representing his nation Belarus at the 2016 Summer Olympics, Barycheuski registered his best jump at 8.17 m from the 2015 Znamenski Memorial Meet in Meteor Stadium, Zhukovsky.

Barycheuski competed for Belarus in the men's long jump at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. There, he spanned his opening legal jump at 7.39 m, before committing a cautious foul on his second attempt. Heinle extended his third leap to an invincible mark of 7.67 metres, but it was not enough to progress him beyond the qualifying phase, placing him in twenty-third out of thirty-two athletes.

Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's long jump
The men's long jump competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was held at the Olympic Stadium between 12 and 13 August. Thirty-two athletes from 23 nations competed. The event was won by 1 cm by Jeff Henderson of the United States, the nation's first gold medal in the event since 2004 and 22nd overall. Luvo Manyonga won South Africa's second silver medal in the men's long jump. Defending champion Greg Rutherford of Great Britain took bronze, becoming the tenth man to win a second medal in the event.
Franz Joseph Zoll
Franz Joseph Zoll was born at Möhringen an der Donau, in Baden, in 1772, and was first instructed by his father, a sculptor and painter. In his fourteenth year he went to Trostenberg in Bavaria, to an uncle who was a fresco painter, and then spent two years at Munich, studying under Johann Dorner and Joseph Hauber at the Academy. He visited Paris, Vienna, and Rome. In 1821 he became professor of design at Freiburg University, and in 1823 director of the Mannheim Gallery. He died in 1833. A Hercules and Hebe by him is in the Karlsruhe Gallery, and a Resurrection in the church of his birthplace. His early works were chiefly portraits.

Hercules
Hercules (/ˈhɜːrkjʊˌliːz/, US: /-kjə-/) is the Roman equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, son of Jupiter and the mortal Alcmena. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures.

The Romans adapted the Greek hero's iconography and myths for their literature and art under the name Hercules. In later Western art and literature and in popular culture, Hercules is more commonly used than Heracles as the name of the hero. Hercules is a multifaceted figure with contradictory characteristics, which enabled later artists and writers to pick and choose how to represent him.
Le Moyne Dolphins men's basketball
The Le Moyne Dolphins men's basketball program is the men's college basketball team of Le Moyne College. The Dolphins compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Northeast Conference and are currently coached by Nate Champion. The Dolphins have played their home games on Ted Grant Court at the Le Moyne Events Center in DeWitt, New York since 1962.

The Dolphins are currently transitioning to Division I and are ineligible to participate in NCAA-sponsored postseason play, including the NCAA tournament, until the 2026–27 season, assuming they meet the revised criteria under January 2025 NCAA legislation to have their four-year transition period reduced to three years. Le Moyne has notified the NCAA of its intention to accelerate its transition.

Le Moyne College
Le Moyne College is a private Jesuit college located mostly in DeWitt, New York. It was founded by the Jesuits in 1946 and named after the Jesuit missionary Simon Le Moyne. Le Moyne was the first co-educational Jesuit college in the United States.
Saqib
Saqib is the Persian pronunciation originally from the Arabic name, Thaqib (ثاقب thāqib), is a masculine given name which means "influential notion of the well-chosen, the truthful".

Notable people with this name include:

Saqib Ali (born 1975), member of Maryland House of Delegates

Saqib Ali (cricketer) (born 1978), a United Arab Emirates cricketer

Saqib Bhatti (born 1985), British Conservative politician

Saqib Hanif (born 1994), a Pakistani football player

Saqib Mahmood (born 1997), English cricketer who plays for Lancashire

Saqib Mahmood (cricketer, born 1977) (born 1977), English cricketer who played for Somerset

Saquib Nachan (died 2025), convicted criminal

Saqib Qureshi (1947-1998), a Pakistani cricket umpire

Saqib Saleem (born 1988), an Indian film actor

Saqib Sumeer, Pakistani performer and writer

Saqib Zulfiqar (born 1997), a Dutch cricketer

Saqib Mahmood
Saqib Mahmood (born 25 February 1997) is an English cricketer who plays for England and Lancashire. Primarily, he is a right-arm fast bowler. He made his international Twenty20 debut for England in November 2019, with his Test debut in March 2022.
Dedication (ritual)
Dedication is a ceremony to mark the official completion or opening of something. Such rituals include ceremonial ship launching and a variety of events for buildings including builders' rites or an opening ceremony. Many religions have specific dedication rituals, which serve to consecrate items, places, or people to sacred purpose, such as the dedication of churches or Child dedication.

Ceremony
A ceremony (UK: /ˈsɛrəməni/, US: /ˈsɛrəˌmoʊni/) is a unified ritualistic event with a purpose, usually consisting of a number of artistic components, performed on a special occasion.

The word may be of Etruscan origin, via the Latin caerimonia.
New Mexico State Road 278
State Road 278 (NM 278) is a 33.536-mile-long (53.971 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 278's southern terminus is at NM 209 west of Grady, and the northern terminus is at Frontage Road 4118 (FR 4118) and Historic US 66 east of Tucumcari.

U.S. Route 66 in New Mexico
U.S. Route 66 (US 66, Route 66) in New Mexico ran east–west across the central part of the state, along the path now taken by Interstate 40 (I-40). However, until 1937, it took a longer route via Santa Fe, now roughly I-25 and US 84. Large portions of the old road parallel to I-40 have been designated State Road 117 (NM 117), NM 118, NM 122, NM 124, NM 333, three separate loops of I-40 Business, and state-maintained frontage roads.

It is one of the roads on the Trails of the Ancients Byway, one of the designated New Mexico Scenic Byways.
Ferma, Russia
Ferma (Russian: Ферма) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Ferma, Novosibirsk Oblast, a railway halt platform in Moshkovsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Ferma, Perm Krai, a settlement in Permsky District of Perm Krai

Ferma, Saratov Oblast, a khutor in Saratovsky District of Saratov Oblast

Saratovsky District
Saratovsky District (Russian: Сара́товский райо́н) is a former administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-eight in Saratov Oblast, Russia. On January 1, 2022, it was transformed into an administrative district; on May 13, 2022, it was renamed Gagarinsky District. It was located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district was 1,900 square kilometers (730 sq mi). Its administrative center was the city of Saratov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 48,105 (2010 Census);  46,233 (2002 Census); 45,252 (1989 Soviet census).
Chirk Aqueduct
Chirk Aqueduct is a 70-foot (21 m) high and 710-foot (220 m) long navigable aqueduct that carries what is now the Llangollen Canal across the Ceiriog Valley near Chirk, on the England–Wales border, spanning the two countries.

Ceiriog Valley
The Ceiriog Valley (Welsh: Dyffryn Ceiriog) is the valley of the River Ceiriog in north-east Wales. It is also (under its Welsh name) an electoral ward of Wrexham County Borough. The ward is the largest ward of the county borough by area and forms a strikingly-shaped salient of the county borough between Powys and Denbighshire.
Kaapmuiden
Kaapmuiden (Cape Mouth) is a small farming town situated at the confluence of the Kaap and Crocodile Rivers in Mpumalanga, South Africa. The town lies just off the N4 national highway and is marked by a large abandoned silo visible from the road. The silo has since been repainted to add to tourism appeal.  The farms in the region produce sugarcane, subtropical fruit and vegetables. The town began as a junction on the Netherlands-South African Railway Company (NZASM)'s Pretoria - Delagoa Bay railway line.

The town underwent some development due to the Sasol pipeline and construction and upgrading of the national highway. The Nkomazi Tollgate was subsequently built on the N4 national route (Maputo Corridor) on the eastern outskirts of the town.

Maputo Corridor
The Maputo Corridor is a major trade corridor which connects the Gauteng, Limpopo, and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa with Maputo, which is a port and the capital of Mozambique.

The corridor comprises roads - including the N4 toll road (from Pretoria to Komatipoort) - and railways, ports, and border facilities at Komatipoort, which connect the industrial areas around Gauteng, and mines and agricultural districts to the east, with ports on the Mozambique coast. Maputo and Matola are both deepwater ports.

Transport organisations and border control agencies are cooperating to improve transport and lower barriers to trade.
Boxing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Light welterweight
The men's light welterweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 63.5 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 30 August to 10 September 1972. 32 boxers from 32 nations competed.

Issake Dabore
Issake Dabore (1940 – 25 December 2021) was a boxer from Niger who mainly fought in the light-welterweight and welterweight weight classes. Dabore competed at three Olympics; Tokyo 1964, Mexico City 1968 and Munich 1972. He was the first Nigerien person to compete at the Olympics and the first Nigerien to win an Olympic medal. Dabore won his Olympic medal at the 1972 Munich Olympics, where he won a bronze medal in the men's light-welterweight.
Molade Okoya-Thomas
Chief Molade Alexander Okoya-Thomas ListenⓘFCNA, MFR, OFR, KSS (8 June 1935 – 2 February 2015) was a Nigerian businessman and philanthropist.

Chief Okoya-Thomas was born in Lagos. He obtained his formal education at Princess School Lagos, Baptist Academy, Lagos, Balham & Tooting College of Commerce London and Columbia University in New York City. He was given the chieftaincy titles of the Asoju Oba of Lagos, Babasuwa of Ijebu-Remo and Odofin of Ife. He was also the Chancellor of Lagos State University and chairman of CFAO Nigeria Limited.

Orders, decorations, and medals of Nigeria
Nigerian National Honours are a set of orders and decorations conferred upon Nigerians and friends of Nigeria every year. They were instituted by the National Honors Act No. 5 of 1964, during the First Nigerian Republic, to honour Nigerians who have rendered service to the benefit of the nation.

These honours are distinct from the honours that are part of the country's ancient chieftaincy system, which is a separate (but also legally defined) entity. National Honours are the highest honours or awards that a citizen can receive from their country for service to the country.
Regional Investment Company of Wallonia
The Regional Investment Company of Wallonia (French: Société Régionale d'Investissement de Wallonie or SRIW) was founded by the Walloon Region in 1979 to provide capital to Walloon industry. The purpose of the SRIW, based in Liège, is to invest in the equity of unlisted companies (private equity). The SRIW acts either by purchasing shares of companies, by increasing the capital of the business, by subscribing to a bond issue, or by granting subordinated or convertible loans.

Share (finance)
A share (sometimes someone can refer to as stock or equity) is a unit of equity ownership in the capital stock of a corporation. It can refer to units of mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts. Share capital refers to all of the shares of an enterprise. The owner of shares in a company is a shareholder (or stockholder) of the corporation. A share expresses the ownership relationship between the company and the shareholder. The denominated value of a share is its face value, and the total of the face value of issued shares represent the capital of a company, which may not reflect the market value of those shares.

The income received from the ownership of shares is a dividend. There are different types of shares such as equity shares, preference shares, deferred shares, redeemable shares, bonus shares, right shares, and employee stock option plan shares.
Emiliano Sciarra
Emiliano Sciarra (born December 6, 1971, in Civitavecchia, Rome, Italy) is a game designer of board games, card games and videogames.

He is the author of Bang!, a Wild West themed card game published by daVinci Editrice.

Game design
Game design is the process of creating and shaping the mechanics, systems, rules, and gameplay of a game. Game design processes apply to board games, card games, dice games, casino games, role-playing games, sports, war games, or simulation games.

In Elements of Game Design, game designer Robert Zubek defines game design by breaking it down into three elements:

Game mechanics and systems, which are the rules and objects in the game.

Gameplay, which is the interaction between the player and the mechanics and systems. In Chris Crawford on Game Design, the author summarizes gameplay as "what the player does".

Player experience, which is how users feel when they are playing the game.

In academic research, game design falls within the field of game studies (not to be confused with game theory, which studies strategic decision making, primarily in non-game situations).
Moquihuix
Moquihuix (or Moquihuixtli) (died 1473) was the fourth tlatoani (ruler) of Tlatelolco. He died in 1473 in the Battle of Tlatelolco, a military conflict fought between Tlatelolco and Tenochtitlan.

Moquihuix was married to Chalchiuhnenetzin, younger sister of the Tenochca ruler Axayacatl, after whom their son Axayaca was named. However, it is said that Moquihuix did not like her, refusing to sleep with her and redistributed the gifts Axayacatl had married to his secondary wives. When Axayacatl learned of this, he grew furious and attacked Moquihuix's territory.

A funerary urn that may belong to Moquihuix was found in 1978 at the site of the Templo Mayor of Tenochtitlan, near the Coyolxauhqui Stone.

Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan, also known as Mexico-Tenochtitlan, was a large Mexican altepetl in what is now the historic center of Mexico City. The exact date of the founding of the city is unclear, but the date 13 March 1325 was chosen in 1925 to celebrate the 600th anniversary of the city. The city was built on an island in what was then Lake Texcoco in the Valley of Mexico. The city was the capital of the expanding Aztec Empire in the 15th century until it was captured by the Tlaxcaltec and the Spanish in 1521.

At its peak, it was the largest city in the pre-Columbian Americas. It subsequently became a cabecera of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.  Today, the ruins of Tenochtitlan are in the historic center of the Mexican capital. The World Heritage Site of Xochimilco contains what remains of the geography (water, boats, floating gardens) of the Mexica capital.

Tenochtitlan was one of two Mexica āltepētl (city-states or polities) on the island, the other being Tlatelolco.
Kulwant Khejroliya
Kulwant Khejroliya (born 13 March 1992) is an Indian cricketer. He made his List A debut for Delhi in the 2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy on 26 February 2017. Prior to his debut, he was bought by the Mumbai Indians team for the 2017 Indian Premier League for 10 lakhs.

He made his first-class debut for Delhi in the 2017–18 Ranji Trophy on 6 October 2017. He made his Twenty20 debut for Delhi in the 2017–18 Zonal T20 League on 9 January 2018. Later the same month, he was bought by the Royal Challengers Bangalore in the 2018 IPL auction.

In October 2018, in the quarter-finals of the 2018–19 Vijay Hazare Trophy, he took a hat-trick for Delhi against Haryana, finishing with figures of six wickets for 31 runs from his ten overs. He was released by the Royal Challengers Bangalore ahead of the 2020 IPL auction.

Lakh
A lakh (/læk, lɑːk/; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 105).  In the Indian 2, 2, 3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India, 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as ₹1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.

It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English.
Lipophilicity
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene. Such compounds are called lipophilic (translated as "fat-loving" or "fat-liking"). Such non-polar solvents are themselves lipophilic, and the adage "like dissolves like" generally holds true. Thus lipophilic substances tend to dissolve in other lipophilic substances, whereas hydrophilic ("water-loving") substances tend to dissolve in water and other hydrophilic substances.

Lipophilicity, hydrophobicity, and non-polarity may describe the same tendency towards participation in the London dispersion force, as the terms are often used interchangeably. However, the terms "lipophilic" and "hydrophobic" are not synonymous, as can be seen with silicones and fluorocarbons, which are hydrophobic but not lipophilic.

Toluene
Toluene (/ˈtɒl.juiːn/), also known as toluol (/ˈtɒl.ju.ɒl, -ɔːl, -oʊl/), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H5CH3, often abbreviated as PhCH3, where Ph stands for the phenyl group. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group by a single bond. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.

As the solvent in some types of paint thinner, permanent markers, contact cement and certain types of glue, toluene is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant and has the potential of causing severe neurological harm.
Marquetalia Republic
"Marquetalia Republic" was an unofficial term used to refer to one of the enclaves in rural Colombia which communist peasant guerrillas held during the aftermath of "La Violencia" (approximately 1948 to 1958). Congressmen of the Colombian Conservative Party described these enclaves, including Marquetalia, as "independent republics" which needed to be brought under state control through military force. This area was eventually overrun by  the National Army of Colombia (during "Operation Marquetalia") in May 1964.

Eventually some of the communist survivors reunited elsewhere and later became part of the "Bloque Sur" (Southern Bloc) guerrilla group in 1964, a precursor to the official foundation of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) in 1966.

Jacobo Arenas
Jacobo Arenas ("nom de guerre" of Luis Alberto Morantes Jaimes, 23 January 1924 – 10 August 1990) was a Colombian guerrilla leader of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia, FARC).