hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sphaerolobium medium
Sphaerolobium medium is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, leafless shrub that typically grows to a height of 10–60 cm (3.9–23.6 in) and has yellow or orange and red flowers from August to December. It was first formally described in 1811 by Robert Brown in Aiton's Hortus Kewensis. The specific epithet (medium) means "intermediate between other species".

This pea is widespread in the south-west of Western Australia and is listed as "not threatened" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.

William Aiton
William Aiton (1731 – 2 February 1793) was a Scottish botanist.

Aiton was born near Hamilton. Having been regularly trained to the profession of a gardener, he travelled to London in 1754, and became assistant to Philip Miller, then superintendent of the Chelsea Physic Garden. In 1759 he was appointed director of the newly established botanical garden at Kew, where he remained until his death. He effected many improvements at the gardens, and in 1789 he published Hortus Kewensis, a catalogue of the plants cultivated there. He is buried at nearby St. Anne's Church, Kew.

A second and enlarged edition of the Hortus was brought out in 1810–1813 by his eldest son, William Townsend Aiton.

Aiton is commemorated in the specific epithet aitonis.

In 1789, he classified the Sampaguita plant to the Jasminium genus and also named it as Arabian Jasmine because it was believed that the plant originated from The Arabian Peninsula although the plant didn't originate from Arabia.
Word problem (mathematics)
In computational mathematics, a word problem is the problem of deciding whether two given expressions are equivalent with respect to a set of rewriting identities. A prototypical example is the word problem for groups, but there are many other instances as well. Some deep results of computational theory concern the undecidability of this question in many important cases.

Glossary of mathematical jargon
The language of mathematics has a wide vocabulary of specialist and technical terms. It also has a certain amount of jargon: commonly used phrases which are part of the culture of mathematics, rather than of the subject. Jargon often appears in lectures, and sometimes in print, as informal shorthand for rigorous arguments or precise ideas. Much of this uses common English words, but with a specific non-obvious meaning when used in a mathematical sense.

Some phrases, like "in general",  appear below in more than one section.
Spin One
Spin One is a four-track EP released by Australian rock/synthpop  band Icehouse in June 1993. It was issued by Massive Records. Three tracks, "Shakin' the Cage", "Dedicated to Glam" and "MLK", are also on the double CD remix album, Full Circle, released in December 1994. "Byrralku Dhangudha" is an edited version of "The Great Southern Mix" with guest appearance by aboriginal performers, keyboardist Bernie Worrell (Parliament-Funkadelic) and avant-garde guitarist Buckethead, and was produced by Bill Laswell.

Andy Qunta
Anderson Amos Temba "Andy" Qunta (born 9 January 1951) is an English singer, songwriter, composer and musician. In a career spanning more than 40 years, Qunta is best known as the keyboardist of the Australian rock band Icehouse from between 1982 and 1988. As a popular musician, he has been influenced by artists including the Who, Cliff Richard, Jimi Hendrix, Genesis, Manfred Mann, Yes, Todd Rundgren and Queen.
Thassilo Haun
Thassilo Haun (born 21 November 1973) is a retired German tennis player.

Haun has a career high ATP singles ranking of 582 achieved on 26 August 1996. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 851 achieved on 11 November 1996.

Haun made his ATP main draw debut at the 2011 Austrian Open Kitzbühel in the doubles draw partnering Stefan Koubek.

Stefan Koubek
Stefan Koubek (born 2 January 1977) is a retired tennis player from Austria. Koubek played left-handed with a double-handed backhand. His idol when growing up was Thomas Muster. Koubek won three titles, two of which came on hardcourts; despite this, he said his favorite surface was clay.

Koubek reached the quarterfinals of the 2002 Australian Open and the 2002 Hamburg Masters, attaining a career-high singles ranking of World No. 20 in March 2000. Koubek tested positive for glucocorticosteroids at the 2004 French Open after receiving an injection for an injured wrist; he was subsequently suspended for three months.

His nickname is Cooley or Stef.
PennEast Pipeline
The PennEast Pipeline is a proposed project by PennEast Pipeline Company, LLC, a consortium of five energy companies, to move natural gas from the Marcellus Shale region in Pennsylvania to New Jersey. The proposed 36-inch (910 mm) pipeline would run from Dallas, Luzerne County to Pennington, Mercer County, New Jersey, a distance of approximately 115 miles (185 km); as currently contemplated, the maximum allowable operating pressure would be approximately 1,480 psi. The pipeline requires the condemnation of properties in the state of New Jersey, which the state has opposed. A ruling against such condemnation was handed down in September 2019.

Dallas Township, Pennsylvania
Dallas Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Back Mountain, a 118 square mile (306 km2) region in northern Luzerne County. The population was 9,099 at the 2020 census.
Edinburg, Missouri
Edinburg (also Edinburgh) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Grundy County, Missouri, United States, 5 miles (8 km) west of Trenton. As of the 2020 census, Edinburg had a population of 84.

Trenton, Missouri
Trenton is a city in and the county seat of Grundy County, Missouri, United States. The population was 5,609 at the 2020 United States census. It is the county seat of Grundy County. The city was the world's largest producer of vienna sausages at its biggest employer, the ConAgra Grocery Foods plant, then bought by Nestlé.
7-Hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase
7-Hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase (EC 1.17.7.2, HCAR) is an enzyme with systematic name 71-hydroxychlorophyll a:ferredoxin oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

71-hydroxychlorophyll a + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+  chlorophyll a + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O

7-Hydroxymethyl chlorophyll is a reductase that contains FAD and an iron-sulfur center.

Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll a is a specific form of chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light, and it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Chlorophyll does not reflect light but chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light is diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls. This photosynthetic pigment is essential for photosynthesis in eukaryotes, cyanobacteria and prochlorophytes because of its role as primary electron donor in the electron transport chain. Chlorophyll a also transfers resonance energy in the antenna complex, ending in the reaction center where specific chlorophylls P680 and P700 are located.
Crawfish Creek (Wyoming)
Crawfish Creek is a short stream in Yellowstone National Park in the U.S. state of Wyoming  This watercourse is known for its unusually warm temperatures compared to other surface water bodies in Wyoming;  these elevated temperatures enable crawfish to thrive in the water.  Summer water temperatures are in the range of 22 to 24 degrees Celsius; pH levels are typically about 9.1, or somewhat alkaline.  The warm waters come from a southern portion of the Yellowstone volcanic zone which produces hot water from hot springs and fumaroles in the area.  The stream feeds into the Lewis River just south of the Lewis River Canyon and just before the Lewis River converges with the Snake River.

30 feet (9.1 m) Moose Falls is located 75 yards (69 m) upstream from the Crawfish Creek confluence with the Lewis River.

The watershed of Crawfish Creek is densely forested with lodgepole pine, Douglas fir and other tree species.

Douglas fir
The Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is an evergreen conifer species in the pine family, Pinaceae. It is the tallest tree in the Pinaceae family.  It is native to western North America and is also known as Douglas-fir, Douglas spruce, Oregon pine, and Columbian pine. There are three varieties: coast Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. menziesii), Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. glauca) and Mexican Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. lindleyana).

Despite its common names, it is not a true fir (genus Abies), spruce (genus Picea), or pine (genus Pinus). It is also not a hemlock (genus Tsuga); the genus name Pseudotsuga means "false hemlock".
The Legend of Ochi (soundtrack)
The Legend of Ochi (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score to the 2025 fantasy adventure film The Legend of Ochi directed by Isaiah Saxon starring Helena Zengel, Finn Wolfhard, Emily Watson and Willem Dafoe. The soundtrack featured 32 tracks composed by singer-songwriter David Longstreth and released through A24 Music on April 25, 2025.

Finn Wolfhard
Finn Michael Wolfhard (born December 23, 2002) is a Canadian actor, musician, and film director. He received international attention for playing Mike Wheeler on the Netflix series Stranger Things (2016–2025). He also played Richie Tozier in the horror film It (2017) and its sequel It Chapter Two (2019), and Trevor Spengler in the supernatural comedy Ghostbusters: Afterlife (2021) and its sequel Ghostbusters: Frozen Empire (2024).

Wolfhard has also directed the comedy short film Night Shifts (2020) as well as the feature Hell of a Summer (2023). As a musician, he was the lead vocalist and guitarist for the rock band Calpurnia, and has been a member of The Aubreys since 2020.
Panjaitan
Panjaitan or Pandjaitan is one of Toba Batak clans originating in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Notable people of this clan include:

Hinca Panjaitan

Lundu Panjaitan

Sintong Panjaitan

D. I. Pandjaitan

Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan

Hinca Panjaitan
Hinca Panjaitan (born 25 September 1964 in Asahan, North Sumatra) is an Indonesian politician. He is the Secretary General of the Democratic Party since May 2015. Hinca also served as Chairman of the DPP-Public Communication Division Democrat and a member of the convention committee election of Democratic presidential candidate.

Hinca is also a PSSI board member. He had become Chairman of the Discipline Commission Football Association of Indonesia. At the PSSI congress on 18 April 2015 in Surabaya, Hinca was elected Vice Chairman of PSSI along with Erwin Dwi Budiawan.
Qiu Jin (film)
Qiu Jin (Chinese: 秋瑾), also known as Qiu Jin: A Revolutionary, is a 1983 Chinese biographical film co-written and directed by Xie Jin, starring Li Xiuming as the revolutionary Qiu Jin. The film also features Li Zhiyu, Chen Xiguang, Yu Shizhi, Wang Fuli, Huang Meiying, Cong Shan, Zhang Kezhong, Wu Wenlun, and Shi Weijian in supporting performances. The film based on the real life of Qiu Jin, focusing on her efforts in the 1900s to overthrow the corruption Qing Empire. The film was released in 1983 in China.

In 1984, the film won two Golden Rooster Awards including Best Supporting Actor and Best Props.

Xie Jin
Xie Jin (Chinese: 谢晋; 21 November 1923 – 18 October 2008) was a Chinese film director. He rose to prominence in 1957, directing the film Woman Basketball Player No. 5, and was considered one of the Third Generation directors of China. Most recently he was known for the direction of The Opium War (1997).

Xie was a popular director amongst the older generations of Chinese, with six of his films being voted Best Picture in the Hundred Flowers Awards. He was the only Chinese director to date to be a member of both the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as well as the Directors Guild of America.
Scholberg
Scholberg is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Felix Scholberg, Canadian squash player, competitor in 2019 Canadian Junior Open Squash Championships

Henry Scholberg (1921–2012), librarian and scholar of India

Kate Scholberg, Canadian-American physicist

Kenneth R. Scholberg (1925–1991), American scholar of Spanish literature.

Kate Scholberg
Kate Scholberg is a Canadian and American neutrino physicist whose research has included experimental studies of neutrino oscillation, coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and the detection of supernovae. She is currently the Arts & Sciences Distinguished Professor of Physics and Bass Fellow at Duke University.
Radical 180
Radical 180 or radical sound (音部) meaning "sound" is one of the 11 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 9 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 43 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

音 is also the 186th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
1993 Budweiser 500
The 1993 Budweiser 500 was the 12th stock car race of the 1993 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season and the 25th iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, June 6, 1993, in Dover, Delaware at Dover International Speedway, a 1-mile (1.6 km) permanent oval-shaped racetrack. The race took the scheduled 500 laps to complete. At race's end, Richard Childress Racing driver Dale Earnhardt would manage to defend a late-race charge by Joe Gibbs Racing driver Dale Jarrett to take his 56th career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his third victory of the season. To fill out the top three, the aforementioned Jarrett and Robert Yates Racing driver Davey Allison would finish second and third, respectively.

Dale Jarrett
Dale Arnold Jarrett (born November 26, 1956) is an American former race car driver and current racing commentator for NBC. He is best known for winning the Daytona 500 three times (in 1993, 1996, and 2000) and winning the NASCAR Winston Cup Series championship in 1999. He is the son of 2-time Grand National Champion Ned Jarrett, younger brother of Glenn Jarrett, father of former driver Jason Jarrett, and cousin of Todd Jarrett. In 2007, Jarrett joined the ESPN/ABC broadcasting team as an announcer in select Nationwide Series races. In 2008, after retiring from driving following the 2008 Food City 500, he joined ESPN permanently as the lead racing analyst replacing Rusty Wallace. In 2015, Jarrett became a part of the NBC Sports Broadcasting Crew for NASCAR events. He was inducted in the 2014 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame and the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2025.
2023 Țiriac Foundation Trophy
The 2023 Țiriac Foundation Trophy was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the eighth edition of the tournament and second as a WTA 125 which was also part of the 2023 WTA 125 tournaments, offering a total of $115,000 in prize money. It took place at the National Tennis Centre in Bucharest, Romania between 11 and 17 September 2022.

Marie Benoît
Marie Benoît (French pronunciation: [maʁi bənwa]; born 16 March 1995) is a Belgian former professional tennis player.
On 24 July 2023, she achieved her best singles ranking of world No. 188. On 18 October 2021, she peaked at No. 208 in the WTA doubles rankings.

Benoît has won 15 singles and 12 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Playing for the Belgium Fed Cup team, Benoît has a win–loss record of 1–2 (as of November 2024).
Wilkinson (musician)
Mark Wilkinson (born 18 April 1989), better known by his stage name Wilkinson, is an English record producer, DJ and remixer from Hammersmith, England. He has released music on RAM Records and Hospital Records, as well as Virgin EMI. His 2013 single "Afterglow" with vocals by Becky Hill reached number eight on the UK Singles Chart on 20 October 2013.

Annie Mac
Annie Macmanus (born 18 July 1978), known professionally as Annie Mac, is an Irish DJ, broadcaster and writer. She hosted a variety of shows on BBC Radio 1, including BBC Switch and Future Sounds. She also DJed in various locations, including hosting her AMP (Annie Mac Presents) Lost and Found venues in places like Ibiza.
Aisha Falode
Aisha Falode is a sports journalist and radio broadcaster in Nigeria and president of Nigeria Women Football League (NWFL).

She worked briefly with NITEL (Nigerian Telecommunication Limited) and again with the Graduate Telephone Operators Scheme of the then NITEL. When Raymond Dokpesi was planning his own broadcasting station now known as the African Independent Television (AIT) she became involved. She acquired a graduate degree in Mass Communications.

In January 2017, she was inaugurated by Nigeria Football Federation as the head of Nigeria Women Football League, the body that organizes Aiteo Cup and Nigeria Women Premier League.

Africa Independent Television
Africa Independent Television, also known by its acronym AIT, is a privately owned television broadcaster in Nigeria. It operates Free To Air in Nigeria as the largest privately operated terrestrial television network with stations in twenty-four out of thirty-six states in Nigeria. AIT is also broadcast via satellite television from its operational headquarters in Abuja. AIT is a subsidiary of DAAR Communications plc, available throughout Africa, and via Dish Network to North America.
2001 US Open – Mixed doubles
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Jared Palmer were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Ai Sugiyama and Ellis Ferreira.

Rennae Stubbs and Todd Woodbridge won the title by defeating Lisa Raymond and Leander Paes 6–4, 5–7, [11–9] in the final.

This was the first US Open to introduce a super tie-break in lieu of the final tie-break set.

Rennae Stubbs
Rennae Stubbs (born 26 March 1971) is an Australian former professional tennis player, coach and television commentator. She was ranked number 1 in the world in doubles, and the winner of 4 major doubles titles and 2 mixed doubles titles as well as 66 WTA doubles titles. She is the host of "The Rennae Stubbs Tennis Podcast". She worked at the Seven Network between 2011 and 2018 as an analyst and is now a full time commentator for ESPN tennis. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. In January 2019, Stubbs received the OLY post-nominal title at the Brisbane International tournament. She is also the longest-serving member of the Australian BJK Cup team.
2004 Georgian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Georgia on January 4, 2004. The election followed the resignation of former President Eduard Shevardnadze as part of the Rose Revolution . As expected, the main opposition leader, Mikhail Saakashvili, was soon shown by exit polls to be heading for an overwhelming victory. According to preliminary results issued on January 6 by the Central Election Commission, Saakashvili won over 97% of the votes cast.

The other candidates received less than 2% each. They were former presidential envoy to the Imereti region Temur Shashiashvili, leader of the Lawyers of Georgia Party Kartlos Garibashvili, one of the leaders of the political organization Mdzleveli, Zurab Kelekhsashvili, the President of the Coalition of Non-Government Organisations of the Disabled Zaza Sikharulidze, and leader of the David Agmashenebeli Party Roin Liparteliani.

Imereti
Imereti (Georgian: იმერეთი, pronounced [imeɾetʰi]) is a region of Georgia situated in the central-western part of the republic along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni River. Imereti is the most populous region in Georgia. It consists of 11 municipalities and the city of Kutaisi, which is the capital of the region.
Dick Griffey
Richard Gilbert Griffey (November 16, 1938 – September 24, 2010) was an American record producer and music promoter who founded SOLAR Records, an acronym for "Sound of Los Angeles Records". The label played a major role in developing a funk-oriented blend of disco, R&B and soul music during the 1970s and 1980s. As a concert promoter, Griffey arranged bookings for artists such as James Brown, The Sylvers, Aretha Franklin, Jon Gibson, Stevie Wonder and the Jacksons.

Tour promoter
Tour promoters   (also known as concert promoters or talent buyers) are the individuals or companies responsible for organizing a live concert tour or special event performance. The tour promoter makes an offer of engagement to a particular artist, usually through the artist's agent or music manager. The promoter and agent then negotiate the live performance contract. The majority of live performance contracts are drawn up using the American Federation of Musicians (AFM) standard contract format known as the AFM Performance Agreement.
Solar de D. Violante do Canto
The Manor of D. Violante do Canto (Portuguese: Solar de D. Violante do Canto), commonly known as the House of Dona Violante do Canto (Portuguese: Casa de D. Violante do Canto), is an urban manorhouse located in the civil parish of Sé, municipality of Angra do Heroísmo, in the Portuguese island of Terceira, archipelago of the Azores.

Sé (Angra do Heroísmo)
Sé is a parish in the municipality of Angra do Heroísmo on the island of Terceira in the Azores. The population in 2011 was 955, in an area of 1.65 km². It is one of the smallest parishes in Angra do Heroísmo.
Isiaka Oladayo Amao
Isiaka Oladayo Amaolistenⓘ CFR psc DFS GSS RBS GSM QFI fndu MSc MMSc (born 14 September 1965) is a retired Nigerian air marshal and a former Chief of the Air Staff of the Nigerian Air Force (NAF) appointed on 26 January 2021 by President Muhammadu Buhari.

Orders, decorations, and medals of Nigeria
Nigerian National Honours are a set of orders and decorations conferred upon Nigerians and friends of Nigeria every year. They were instituted by the National Honors Act No. 5 of 1964, during the First Nigerian Republic, to honour Nigerians who have rendered service to the benefit of the nation.

These honours are distinct from the honours that are part of the country's ancient chieftaincy system, which is a separate (but also legally defined) entity. National Honours are the highest honours or awards that a citizen can receive from their country for service to the country.