hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Casa Ley
Casa Ley is a Mexican grocery store chain based in Culiacán founded in 1954 by Juan Ley Fong. Most of its stores are located in western Mexico, in the states of Baja California, Sonora, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, Colima, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, and Baja California Sur. It is Mexico's largest privately held supermarket chain. For years, 49% of the chain was owned by American supermarket chain Safeway Inc., which later went to Albertsons Companies, Inc. after it acquired Safeway in 2015. In 2018, Albertsons divested its 49% share to Tenedora CL del Noroeste, ending the company's international operations.

Colima
Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, is among the 31 states that make up the 32 federated entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima.

Colima is a small state of western Mexico on the central Pacific coast, and includes the four oceanic Revillagigedo Islands. Mainland Colima shares borders with the states of Jalisco and Michoacán. In addition to the capital city of Colima, the main cities are Manzanillo, Villa de Alvarez and Tecomán. Colima is the fourth smallest state in Mexico and has the smallest population, but has one of Mexico's highest standards of living and the lowest unemployment. It is also the state with the highest murder rate per capita and one of the highest crime rates, due to its ports being a contested area for cartels.
Rafael Eitan
Rafael "Raful" Eitan (Hebrew: רפאל "רפול" איתן; 11 January 1929 – 23 November 2004) was an Israeli general, former Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces (Ramatkal) and later a politician, a Knesset member, and government minister.

1996 Israeli general election
General elections were held in Israel on 29 May 1996. For the first time, the prime minister was elected on a separate ballot from the remaining members of the Knesset.

The elections for prime minister resulted in a surprise victory for Benjamin Netanyahu, by a margin of 29,457 votes, less than 1% of the total number of votes cast, and much smaller than the number of spoiled votes. This came after the initial exit polls had predicted a Shimon Peres win, spawning the phrase "went to sleep with Peres, woke up with Netanyahu". Although Peres lost the prime ministerial vote – his fourth and last defeat as Labor leader – Labor emerged as the largest party in the Knesset, winning two more seats than the Likud–Gesher–Tzomet alliance.
Ivan Shmelyov
Ivan Sergeyevich Shmelyov (Russian: Иван Сергеевич Шмелёв, also spelled Shmelev and Chmelov; 3 October [O.S. 21 September] 1873 – 24 June 1950) was a Russian writer best known for his idyllic recreations of a pre-Revolutionary past spent in the merchant district of Moscow. He was a member of the Moscow literary group Sreda. After the October Revolution Shmelyov fled to France, becoming an émigré writer.

Émigré
An émigré (French: [emigʁe]) is a person who has emigrated, often with a connotation of political or social exile or self-exile. The word is the past participle of the French verb émigrer meaning "to emigrate".
Chōsen Coal Industry Company
The Chōsen Coal Industry Company (Japanese: 朝鮮石炭工業株式會社 Chōsen Sekitan Kōgyō Kabushiki Kaisha; Korean: 조선석탄공업주식회사; RR: Joseon Seoktaneop Jusikhoesa) was a kabushiki kaisha in colonial Korea that operated collieries in Aoji, Sinaoji and Obong in Gyeongheung County, North Hamgyeong Province. In addition to the mines, after the Chōsen Synthetic Oil Company opened a large factory in Aoji-ri (now Haksong-ri) in 1937 to produce synthetic oil from the bituminous coal mined in the area, the Chosen Coal Industry Company built a railway line, called the Ao Line, to connect its mines to the chemical factory and to the South Manchuria Railway's North Chōsen East Line, opening the line in two parts in 1938 and 1942.

Following the partition of Korea and the establishment of North Korea, the company was nationalised. The Ao Line, along with all other railway lines in the country, was nationalised on 10 August 1946, becoming part of the Korean State Railway.

Synthetic oil
Synthetic oil is a lubricant consisting of chemical compounds that are artificially modified or synthesised. Synthetic oil is used as a substitute for petroleum-refined oils when operating in extreme temperature, in metal stamping to provide environmental and other benefits, and to lubricate pendulum clocks. There are various types of synthetic oils. Advantages of using synthetic motor oils include better low-and high-temperature viscosity performance, better (higher) viscosity index (VI), and chemical and shear stability, while disadvantages are that synthetics are substantially more expensive (per volume) than mineral oils and have potential decomposition problems.
Multi-Functional Transport Satellite
Multifunctional Transport Satellites (MTSAT) were a series of weather and aviation control satellites. They were replaced by Himawari 8 on 7 July 2015. They were geostationary satellites owned and operated by the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) and the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), and provide coverage for the hemisphere centred on 140.0° East; this includes Japan and Australia who are the principal users of the satellite imagery that MTSAT provides. They replace the GMS-5 satellite, also known as Himawari 5 ("himawari" or "ひまわり" meaning "sunflower"). They can provide imagery in five wavelength bands — visible and four infrared, including the water vapour channel. The visible light camera has a resolution of 1 km; the infrared cameras have 4 km (resolution is lower away from the equator at 140° East). The spacecraft have a planned lifespan of five years. MTSAT-1 and 1R were built by Space Systems/Loral. MTSAT-2 was built by Mitsubishi.

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (国土交通省, Kokudo-kōtsū-shō; lit. 'Ministry of Land and Transport'; MLIT) is a ministry of the Japanese government. It is responsible for one-third of all the laws and orders in Japan and is the largest Japanese ministry in terms of employees, as well as the second-largest executive agency of the Japanese government after the Ministry of Defense. The ministry oversees four external agencies including the Japan Coast Guard, the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Japan Tourism Agency.
Kwikset
Kwikset is an American lock and lockset manufacturer owned by Assa Abloy. Originally Gateway Manufacturing Company, Kwikset was founded in California in 1946 by Adolf Schoepe, and Karl Rhinehart.

The current name for the company was derived from the company's first locks, which pioneered the then-revolutionary tubular lock design, which was relatively fast to install. Kwikset key blanks (KW1, Ilco 1176, Axxess 66) are available at almost every location where keys can be made.

Kwikset currently has manufacturing facilities in Denison, Texas; Charlotte, North Carolina; and Mexicali, Mexico. Kwikset also has a facility in China. Kwikset previously had manufacturing facilities in Anaheim, California; Bristow, Oklahoma; and Waynesboro, Georgia; but starting in 1996, these facilities were closed in a consolidation of operations to the Mexicali facility. Kwikset's Corporate headquarters is in Lake Forest, California.

Waynesboro, Georgia
Waynesboro (/ˈweɪnzbʌroʊ/) is a city and the county seat of Burke County, Georgia, United States. The population was 5,472 at the 2024 census. It is part of the Augusta, Georgia metropolitan area.

Waynesboro is 37 minutes south of downtown Augusta by car via US 25. Waynesboro is known as "The Bird Dog Capital of the World". The Waynesboro Commercial Historic District is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
San Joaquin Daylight
The San Joaquin Daylight was a Southern Pacific passenger train (train numbers 51 and 52) inaugurated between Los Angeles and San Francisco's Oakland Pier by way of the San Joaquin Valley and Tehachapi Pass on July 4, 1941. Travel times were between 12 hours (1970) and 14 hours (1944). It operated until the advent of Amtrak in 1971.

San Joaquin Valley
The San Joaquin Valley (/ˌsæn hwɑːˈkiːn/ ⓘ SAN whah-KEEN; Spanish: Valle de San Joaquín) is the southern half of California's Central Valley. Famed as a major breadbasket, the San Joaquin Valley is an important source of food, producing a significant part of California's agricultural output.

San Joaquin Valley draws from nine counties of Northern and Central California, including all of San Joaquin and Kings counties, most of Stanislaus, Merced, and Fresno counties, and parts of Madera and Tulare counties, along with a majority of Kern County. Although the valley is predominantly rural, it has four densely populated urban centers:  Stockton/Modesto, Fresno, Porterville/Visalia, and Bakersfield.
Lepidiolamprologus
Lepidiolamprologus is a small genus of cichlids endemic to Lake Tanganyika in eastern Africa. It is closely related to Altolamprologus. and there is the possibility that a revision of the genus could see more species added.

The placement of L. cunningtoni has been questioned, as it seems to be a close relative of N. modestus and the Fourspine Cichlid (N. tetracanthus), though with hybridization running rampant in the Lamprologini, one cannot entirely be sure of its relationships at present. However it differs enough from the other species in Lepidiolamprologus to conclude that it may not belong in this genus.

Franz Steindachner
Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner described hundreds of new species of fish and dozens of new amphibians and reptiles. At least seven species of reptile have been named after him.
Bichler
Bichler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Florian Bichler (born 1991), German footballer

Heinrich Bichler (1466–1497), Swiss painter

Hubert Bichler (born 1959), German sport shooter

Nicholas J. Bichler (1895–1961), American politician

Nimrod Bichler (born 1974), Israeli wheelchair tennis coach

Shimshon Bichler, Israeli political economist

Timo Bichler (born 1999), German racing cyclist

William J. Bichler (1870–1926), American politician

Hubert Bichler
Hubert Bichler (born September 2, 1959 in Holzkirchen, Upper Bavaria) is a German sport shooter. He competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in the men's 50 metre rifle three positions event, in which he tied for 17th place, and the men's 50 metre rifle prone event, in which he placed fourth.
Marcelów, Zduńska Wola County
Marcelów [marˈt͡sɛluf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zapolice, within Zduńska Wola County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Zapolice, 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Zduńska Wola, and 47 km (29 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zduńska Wola
Zduńska Wola [ˈzduɲska ˈvɔla] ⓘ is a city in central Poland with 40,730 inhabitants (2021). It is the seat of Zduńska Wola County in the Łódź Voivodeship. The city was once one of the largest cloth, linen and cotton weaving centres in Poland and is the birthplace of Saint Maximilian Kolbe as well as Maksymilian Faktorowicz, the founder of Max Factor cosmetics company.
Graham Platner
Graham Cunningham Platner (born September 1, 1984) is an American oyster farmer, harbormaster, and military veteran who is a candidate for the Democratic nomination for U.S. Senate in Maine, aiming to unseat incumbent Republican Senator Susan Collins.

A self-described "New Deal Democrat", Platner has been characterized as a populist and a progressive who is critical of the Democratic Party establishment. His candidacy is notable for the national attention it has received.

Oligarchy
Oligarchy (from Ancient Greek  ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía) 'rule by few'; from  ὀλίγος (olígos) 'few' and  ἄρχω (árkhō) 'to rule, command') is a form of government in which power rests with a small number of people. Leaders of such regimes are often referred to as oligarchs, and generally are characterized by having titles of nobility or high amounts of wealth.
Julius Valentyn Stein van Gollenesse
Julius Valentijn Stein van Gollenesse (17 February 1691, Groel, Sweden - 14 January 1755, Batavia, Dutch East Indies) was the 27th Dutch Governor of Ceylon during the Dutch period in Ceylon. He was appointed on 11 May 1743 and was Governor until 6 May 1751. He was succeeded by Gerard Joan Vreeland.

Stein van Gollenesse was born in Sweden into a family of Mecklenburg. In 1723 he joined the Dutch East India Company (VOC), for which he was commander of Cochin from 1734 to 1743, governor of Ceylon from 1743 until 1751, and finally director-general in Batavia from 1751 until his death.

Dutch Ceylon
Dutch Ceylon (Sinhala: ලන්දේසි ලංකාව; Tamil: ஒல்லாந்த இலங்கை) was a governorate established in present-day Sri Lanka by the Dutch East India Company. Although the Dutch managed to capture most of the coastal areas in Sri Lanka, they were never able to control the Kingdom of Kandy located in the interior of the island. Dutch Ceylon existed from 1640 until 1796.

In the early 17th century, Sri Lanka was partly ruled by the Portuguese and partly by Sri Lankan (primarily of Sinhalese origin) kingdoms, who were constantly battling the Portuguese. Although the Portuguese were not winning the war, their rule was oppressive to the people of those areas controlled by them. While the Portuguese were engaged in a long war of independence from Spanish rule, the Sinhalese king (the king of Kandy) invited the Dutch to help defeat the Portuguese. The Dutch interest in Ceylon was to have a united battle front against the Iberians at that time.
2017 World RX of Hockenheim
The 2017 World RX of Hockenheim was the third round of the fourth season of the FIA World Rallycross Championship. The event was held at the Hockenheimring in Hockenheim, Baden-Württemberg, alongside the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters.

Hockenheimring
The Hockenheimring, officially Hockenheimring Baden-Württemberg (German: [ˈhɔkŋ̍haɪmʁɪŋ ˌbaːdn̩ ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ), is a motor racing circuit situated in the Rhine valley near the town of Hockenheim in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, located on the Bertha Benz Memorial Route. Amongst other motor racing events, it has hosted the German Grand Prix, most recently in 2019. The circuit is nearly flat. The circuit has an FIA Grade 1 licence.
Rollemberg–Vuolo Road–Railway Bridge
The Rollemberg–Vuolo Road–Railway Bridge (in Portuguese, Ponte Rodoferroviária Rollemberg-Vuolo) is a double-decker bridge (road on the upper level and railway track at the lower level) over the Parana River, between the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo in Brazil.

The bridge was inaugurated in 1998 and connects the roads SP-320 and MS-316. It has 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) of length. Its name pays homage to Brazilian deputy Roberto Rollemberg and to senator Vicente Emílio Vuolo, for their strong support to the construction of the bridge.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Electoral district of Kingborough
The electoral district of Kingborough was an electoral district of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It was based in the region to the immediate south of Tasmania's capital city, Hobart, and included the Huon Valley towns of Cygnet, Huonville, Kettering, Margate and Sandfly.

The seat was created as a single-member seat ahead of the Assembly's first election held in 1856. In 1886, it became a two-member seat and absorbed the neighbouring seat of Queenborough, whose member, Edward Crowther, was to win one of the seats at each of the three elections held under this system. At the 1897 election, Queenborough was recreated and Kingborough returned to being a single-member seat. It was abolished when the Tasmanian parliament adopted the Hare-Clark electoral model for the entire state in 1909.

Hare–Clark electoral system
Hare–Clark is a type of single transferable vote electoral system of proportional representation used for elections in Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory. With its use in 1909, it was one of the first uses of the Gregory method for transfers of winner's surplus votes.

The name is derived from the names of English barrister Thomas Hare, the original inventor of single transferable voting, and Attorney-General of Tasmania Andrew Inglis Clark, who introduced a modified form to Tasmania in 1896.
Umair Haque
Umair Haque is a British economist, consultant and author. He was the director of the Havas Media Lab, has previously blogged in the Harvard Business Review and is author of the book The New Capitalist Manifesto: Building a Disruptively Better Business. The book sets the "incumbent" capitalists of the 20th century against the 21st "insurgents" and states that the latter are creating a more sustainable "new capitalism". He has written on economic and civilizational issues on the Medium writing platform but is now less active on Medium and prefers The Issue .

Harvard Business Review
Harvard Business Review (HBR) is a general management magazine published by Harvard Business Publishing, a not-for-profit, independent corporation that is an affiliate of Harvard Business School. HBR is published six times a year and is headquartered in Brighton, Massachusetts.

HBR covers a wide range of topics that are relevant to various industries, management functions, and geographic locations. These include leadership, negotiation, strategy, operations, marketing, and finance. HBR has published articles by Clayton Christensen, Peter F. Drucker, Justin Fox, Michael E. Porter, Rosabeth Moss Kanter, John Hagel III, Thomas H. Davenport, Gary Hamel, C. K. Prahalad, Vijay Govindarajan, Robert S. Kaplan, Rita Gunther McGrath and others. Several management concepts and business terms were first given prominence in HBR.

HBR's worldwide English-language circulation is 250,000. HBR licenses its content for publication in nine international editions.
Henryk Okarma
Henryk Okarma (Polish pronunciation: [xɛnrɨk ɔkarma]; born 12 November 1959) is a Polish biologist, professor of life sciences. His main areas of expertise are research on predatory mammals, especially wolf, lynx, wildcat, invasive species and research on hunting biology. He is an academic teacher at the Jagiellonian University, long-time director of the Institute of Wildlife Conservation of the Polish Academy of Sciences and a corresponding member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

Lynx
A lynx (/lɪŋks/ links; pl.: lynx or lynxes) is any of the four extant species (the Canada lynx, Iberian lynx, Eurasian lynx and the bobcat) within the medium-sized wild cat genus Lynx. The name originated in Middle English via Latin from the Greek word lynx (λύγξ), derived from the Indo-European root *leuk- ('light', 'brightness'), in reference to the luminescence of its reflective eyes.
Avon, Colorado
Avon is a home rule town located in Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 6,072 at the 2020 United States census. The town is a part of the Edwards, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. Avon is the gateway to the Beaver Creek Resort which lies about two miles (3 km) south of the town. It was the previous site of Vail Resorts before the company moved its physical headquarters to Broomfield, Colorado, in 2006. The town is the home of Liberty Skis, an independent ski manufacturing company.

Vail Resorts
Vail Resorts, Inc. is an American mountain resort company headquartered in Broomfield, Colorado. The company is divided among divisions that own and operate 42 mountain resorts in four countries, along with hotels, lodging, condominiums, and golf courses that comprise property real estate holdings.
Keegan Swenson
Keegan Swenson (born February 16, 1994) is an American mountain bike and gravel racing cyclist, riding for the Specialized Off-Road Team, and is the current Marathon Mountain Biking World Champion. He has won the Leadville Trail 100 MTB for 5 consecutive years (2021-2025), and holds the course record of 5:43:31, which he set in 2023. He also won the first three editions of the Life Time Grand Prix overall race series.

Crusher in the Tushar
The Crusher in the Tushar is a 69-mile bicycle race, starting in the historic town of Beaver, Utah, and finishing at the Eagle Mountain Ski Resort, featuring equal parts of paved & unpaved sections, and over 10,500 feet of climbing.

It was created by professional cyclist Burke Swindlehurst who trained in the Tushar Mountains in high school.

The inaugural event, in July 2011, was won by the American professional cyclist Tyler Wren (of Team Jamis-Sutter Home) in the pro men's event. The pro women's event was won by multi-time Canadian Olympian Clara Hughes.
Occult Chemistry
Occult Chemistry: Investigations by Clairvoyant Magnification into the Structure of the Atoms of the Periodic Table and Some Compounds (originally subtitled A Series of Clairvoyant Observations on the Chemical Elements) is a book written by Annie Besant and C.W. Leadbeater, who were both members of the Theosophical Society based in Adyar, India. Besant was at the time the President of the Society having succeeded Henry Olcott after his death in 1907.

Theosophical Society Adyar
13°00′37″N 80°16′13″E﻿ / ﻿13.01016°N 80.27028°E﻿ / 13.01016; 80.27028

The Theosophical Society was founded by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky and others in 1875. The designation 'Adyar' is sometimes added to the name to make it clear that this is the Theosophical Society headquartered there, after the American section and some other lodges separated from it in 1895, under William Quan Judge. In 1882, its headquarters moved with Blavatsky and president Henry Steel Olcott from New York to Adyar, an area of Chennai, India.

The US National Section of this organization is called the Theosophical Society in America, located in Wheaton, Illinois.
Typhoon Koinu
Typhoon Koinu, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Jenny, was a strong and damaging tropical cyclone that made landfall on the southern tip of Taiwan and affected Hong Kong in early October 2023. Koinu (子犬), a replacement name for Tembin which means puppy or Canis Minor in Japanese, was the fourteenth named storm and ninth typhoon of the inactive 2023 Pacific typhoon season. Koinu originated from an area of low pressure near Guam that generally moved westward into the Philippine Sea, where it was upgraded into a depression.

Koinu later underwent rapid intensification and became a Category 3-equivalent typhoon. The storm then weakened before intensifying to attain its peak intensity as a category 4-equivalent typhoon. Koinu passed close by Lanyu then made landfall over Hengchun, Taiwan.

Puppy
A puppy is a juvenile dog, generally one less than 12–18 months old.

Puppies are markedly underdeveloped and dependent on their mothers at birth (displaying altriciality), but healthy puppies grow quickly and begin walking thereafter. Puppies generally weigh 250–450 grams (8–16 oz) shortly after birth, depending on the breed.

A puppy's coat colour may change as the puppy grows older, as is commonly seen in breeds such as the Yorkshire Terrier. Puppy refers specifically to young dogs, while pup may be used for other animals such as wolves, seals, giraffes, guinea pigs, rats, or sharks.