hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Kitaab series
The Al-Kitaab series is a sequence of textbooks for the Arabic language published by Georgetown University Press with the full title Al-Kitaab fii Taʿallum al-ʿArabiyya (Arabic: الكِتاب في تَعَلًُم العَرَبِيّة, "The book of Arabic learning"). It is written by Kristen Brustad, Mahmoud Al-Batal, and Abbas Al-Tonsi and was first published in 1995; since that time, it has become the most popular Arabic textbook in the United States.

Brustad and Al-Batal wrote the Al-Kitaab series while they were associate professors of Arabic at the University of Texas at Austin, where they taught for years. They now live in Lebanon, Al-Batal's homeland, and work at the American University of Beirut. Al-Tonsi is a senior lecturer at the Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar.

Textbook
A textbook is a book containing a comprehensive compilation of content in a branch of study serving to explain the subject. Textbooks are produced to meet the needs of educators, usually at educational institutions, as well as learners (who could be independent learners outside of formal education). Schoolbooks are textbooks and other books used in schools. Today, many textbooks are published in both print and digital formats.
Guidance Tamil Nadu
Guidance Tamil Nadu (formerly Tamil Nadu Industrial Guidance and Export Promotion Bureau) is the nodal investment promotion agency of the Government of Tamil Nadu. Established in 1992, it plays a central role in attracting and supporting investments across sectors in the state of Tamil Nadu. Operating under the Industries, Investment Promotion and Commerce Department, Guidance Tamil Nadu provides end-to-end support to investors and functions under the purview of Minister Dr. T. R. B. Rajaa.

T. R. B. Rajaa
Thalikkottai Rajuthevar Baalu Rajaa , better known as Dr. T. R. B. Rajaa is an Indian Tamil politician. He is the Minister for Industries, Investment Promotions and Commerce in the Government of Tamil Nadu since 2023, having won the 2011, 2016 and the 2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Elections representing DMK in Mannargudi. He also holds the position of the party's IT Wing Secretary.
Harry Pace
Harry Herbert Pace (January 6, 1884 – July 19, 1943) was an American music publisher and insurance executive. He was the founder of Black Swan Records, the first record label owned by an African American with wide distribution capabilities.

Pace began successful insurance companies in New Jersey and Chicago.  He eventually went to law school in Chicago and became a lawyer.  Although he supported African-Americans  and African American causes (for example, he paid for the future path-breaking publisher John H. Johnson to finish the University of Chicago through the Urban League), it is possible he began passing as white in his later legal career.

Music publisher
A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers began to play a significant role in the management of composers' intellectual property. Today, music publishers license compositions, collect royalties, and make sure songwriters and composers are paid when their work is used.
Fernando J.M. Rojas-Runjaic
Fernando José María Rojas Runjaić (born May 28, 1979) is a Venezuelan-Brazilian herpetologist and arachnologist. He is curator of the collections of amphibians, reptiles, and arachnids at the La Salle Natural History Museum of the Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales in Caracas.

In 2004 he obtained his Bachelor's degree in Biology from the University of Zulia (Venezuela), in 2012 his master's in Biodiversity in Tropical Areas and its Conservation from the Menéndez Pelayo International University (Spain), and in 2019 his PhD in Zoology from the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil).

He is the author of more than 200 scientific publications and has discovered and described three genera and 33 new species to science (17 amphibian anurans, three lizards, three snakes, and 10 scorpions).

Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (Portuguese: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, PUCRS) is a private non-profit Catholic university. With campuses in the Brazilian cities of Porto Alegre and Viamão, it is the largest private university of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and the first university founded by the Catholic religious institute of the Marist Brothers. PUCRS is considered the best private university of Brazil's Southern Region by the Ministry of Education (MEC), and one of the best private universities in the country, with FGV, PUC-Rio and the PUC-SP.
Pebane
Pebane is a town and transshipment port in Mozambique in the Zambezia Province. The port is in the estuary of the Rio Moniga.

Pebane is a transhipment port for copra. Approximately 3,000t of copra is exported annually.

Copra
Copra (from Malayalam, koppara or kopra) is the dried, white flesh of the coconut from which coconut oil is extracted. Traditionally, the coconuts are sun-dried, especially for export, before the oil, also known as copra oil, is pressed out.

The oil extracted from copra is rich in lauric acid, making it an important commodity in the preparation of lauryl alcohol, soaps, fatty acids, and cosmetics, and thus a lucrative product for many coconut-producing countries. The palatable oil cake, known as copra cake, is a residue in the production of copra oil used in animal feeds. The ground cake is known as coconut or copra meal.
Results of the 2021 New South Wales local elections in Riverina
This is a list of results for the 2021 New South Wales local elections in the Riverina region.

Riverina covers 14 local government areas (LGAs), including the City of Griffith and the City of Wagga Wagga.

Undivided council
In Australian local government, an undivided council (also referred to as unsubdivided, a single ward or an at-large ward) is a council that does not have any wards, meaning all councillors are elected in a single area representing the entire local government area (LGA).
Madhumita Raut
Madhumita Raut is an Indian classical dancer of Odissi. She is the daughter of Mamta Khuntia and Mayadhar Raut, who contributed to the revival of Odissi in the 1950s with Shastra-based knowledge.

She lives in Delhi, where she manages and teaches at the Jayantika Association's Mayadhar Raut School of Odissi Dance.

Shastra
Śāstra (Sanskrit: शास्त्र, romanized: Śāstra pronounced [ɕaːstrɐ]) is a Sanskrit word that means "precept, rules, manual, compendium, book or treatise" in a general sense. The word is generally used as a suffix in the Indian literature context, for technical or specialized knowledge in a defined area of practice.

Śāstra has a similar meaning to English -logy, e.g. ecology, psychology, meaning scientific and basic knowledge on a particular subject. Examples in terms of modern neologisms include

bhautikaśāstra 'physics',

rasaśāstra 'chemistry',

jīvaśāstra 'biology',

vāstuśāstra 'architectural science',

śilpaśāstra 'science of mechanical arts and sculpture',

arthaśāstra 'science of politics and economics',

nītiśāstra 'compendium of ethics or right policy', and

natyasāstra 'art of performing arts.'

In Western literature, Śāstra is sometimes spelled as Sastra, reflecting a misunderstanding of the IAST symbol 'ś', which corresponds to the English 'sh'.
Henry Wilson (Suffolk politician)
Henry Wilson (27 August 1797 – 8 June 1866) was a British Liberal Party politician, and the only Liberal ever elected for the Western division of Suffolk.

At the 1835 general election he was elected to the House of Commons as one of West Suffolk's two Members of Parliament (MPs). However, he was defeated at the 1837 general election, and did not stand for Parliament again.

1837 United Kingdom general election
The 1837 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 July to 18 August 1837, following the death of King William IV and the accession of Queen Victoria. The election saw the Whigs secure their fourth consecutive victory, though the Conservatives, led by Robert Peel, continued to gain ground.

The election marked the last time that a Parliament was dissolved as a result of the demise of the Crown. The dissolution of Parliament six months after a demise of the Crown, as provided for by the Succession to the Crown Act 1707, was abolished by the Reform Act 1867.
Railway electrification in Iran
Railway electrification in Iran describes the past and present electrification systems used to supply traction current to rail transport in Iran with a chronological record of development, a list of lines using each system, and a history and a technical description of each system.

The project is sometimes abbreviated to RAIELEC, in which RAI is the abbreviation of Islamic Republic of Iran Railways (Persian: برقی کردن راه آهن در ایران, abbr: بكرا).

United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP or UNESCAP) is one of the five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in order to increase economic activity in Asia and the Far East, as well as to foster economic relations between the region and other areas of the world.

The commission is composed of 53 member states and nine associate members, mostly from the Asia and Pacific regions. In addition to countries in Asia and the Pacific, the commission's members includes France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The region covered by the commission is home to 4.1 billion people, or two-thirds of the world's population, making ESCAP the most comprehensive of the United Nations' five regional commissions.
Niger–Benin Oil Pipeline
The Niger–Benin Oil Pipeline, also known as Niger–Benin Export Pipeline (NBEP), is a 1,950 kilometer long crude oil pipeline connecting oilfields near the desert oasis of Agadem in Niger to the Atlantic Ocean. It ends in the Gulf of Guinea near Benin's largest city Cotonou. The pipeline was built and is operated by the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). It was built between 2019 and 2023, with exports initially expected to begin in January 2024. After a border closure dispute between Niger and Benin was resolved thanks to Chinese mediation, exports through the pipeline began in May 2024. On June 16, 2024, an attack by a rebel group opposed to the Nigerien military junta damaged the pipeline after just one shipment of oil. Oil exports through the pipeline resumed in August 2024.

It is the longest pipeline in Africa.

Gulf of Guinea
The Gulf of Guinea (French: Golfe de Guinée; Spanish: Golfo de Guinea; Portuguese: Golfo da Guiné) is the northeasternmost part of the tropical Atlantic Ocean from Cape Lopez in Gabon, north and west to Cape Palmas in Liberia. Null Island, defined as the intersection of the Equator and Prime Meridian (zero degrees latitude and longitude), is in the gulf.

Among the many rivers that drain into the Gulf of Guinea are the Niger and the Volta. The coastline on the gulf includes the Bight of Benin and the Bight of Bonny.
Khirbet al-Faras
Khirbat Al Faras (Arabic: خربة الفرس) is a Syrian city administratively belonging to Tartus Governorate located in the Khawabi region, its distance from city of Tartus about 20 km. Khirbat Al Faras has an altitude of 300 meters and surrounded by two rivers. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Khirbet al-Faras had a population of 1,113 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Ismaili.

Tartus Governorate
Tartus Governorate, officially Tartous Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة طرطوس Muḥāfaẓat Ṭarṭūs), is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western Syria, bordering Latakia Governorate to the north, Homs and Hama Governorates to the east, Lebanon to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. It is one of the few governorates in Syria that has an Alawite majority. Sources list the area as 1,890 km2 or 1,892 km2, with its capital being Tartus.
Michaniona
Michaniona (Greek: Μηχανιώνα) was a former municipality in the Thessaloniki regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, the town/suburb is part of the municipality of Thermaikos, of which it is a municipal unit. Population 10,784 (2021). The municipal unit has an area of 21.569 km2. The seat of the municipality was in Nea Michaniona. The other communities in the municipal unit are Angelochori and Nea Kerasia. Michaniona is located near the site of the ancient city of Aenea.

The town was settled by Greek refugees from the original Michaniona on the Cyzicus peninsula in the Sea of Marmara.

Cyzicus
Cyzicus (/ˈsɪzɪkəs/ SIZ-ik-əs; Ancient Greek: Κύζικος, romanized: Kúzikos; was an ancient Greek town in Mysia in Anatolia in the current Balıkesir Province of Turkey. It was located on the shoreward side of the present Kapıdağ Peninsula (the classical Arctonnesus), a tombolo which is said to have originally been an island in the Sea of Marmara only to be connected to the mainland in historic times either by artificial means or an earthquake.

The site of Cyzicus, located on the Erdek and Bandırma roads, is protected by Turkey's Ministry of Culture.
Clyde Wood
Clyde Maurice Wood AM (born 7 January 1936) is a retired Australian Anglican bishop.

Wood was educated at Monash University and ordained in 1965. His first ordained ministry position was as a curate of St John's Bentleigh. From 1966 he was curate-in-charge of St Paul's Ringwood. He then held positions at St Philip's Mount Waverley and St Christopher's Armadale, all parishes in Melbourne. In 1978 he became Dean of Christ Church Cathedral, Darwin, and in 1983 he became the second Bishop of the Northern Territory, a position he held until 1992. For four years he was an assistant bishop in the Diocese of Brisbane and in 1996 he was elected  diocesan Bishop of North Queensland and installed there on 12 October 1996. He retired in 2002. He is married to Margaret Wood.

Ringwood, Victoria
Ringwood is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 25 km (16 mi) east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Maroondah local government area. Ringwood recorded a population of 19,144 at the 2021 census.

Ringwood has many parks and reserves, most notably Ringwood Lake, an 8.5-hectare park is used for various recreational activities which includes a lake with bridge, sound shell, mining history display, playground, picnic shelters, barbecues and a bushland walking circuit.
The Royalettes
The Royalettes (also credited as Sheila Ross and her Royalettes) were a four-girl group from Baltimore, Maryland who exemplified the "sweet soul" style of the mid-60s.

They were originally signed with Philadelphia-based Chancellor Records and later with Warner Bros. Records, but their biggest success came at MGM Records. They were associated with producers Teddy Randazzo, writer-producer for Little Anthony & The Imperials in the 1960s, and Bill Medley of The Righteous Brothers.

Little Anthony and the Imperials
Little Anthony and the Imperials is an American rhythm and blues, doo-wop, and soul vocal group from New York City founded by Clarence Collins in the 1950s and named in part for its lead singer, Jerome Anthony "Little Anthony" Gourdine, who was noted for his high-pitched voice. In addition to Collins and Gourdine, the original Imperials included Ernest Wright, Gloster "Nate" Rogers, and Tracy Lord, the last two of whom were subsequently replaced by Sammy Strain.

The group was one of the very few doo-wop groups to enjoy sustained success on the R&B and pop charts throughout the 1960s. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame on April 4, 2009, 23 years after the group's first year of eligibility for induction.
Gorna Bela Crkva
Gorna Bela Crkva (Macedonian: Горна Бела Црква, meaning Upper White Church; Albanian: Bollocërkë e Sipërme; Turkish: Yukarı Bela Tsırkva) is a village in the Resen Municipality of the Republic of North Macedonia, north of Lake Prespa. The village is situated under 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from the municipal centre of Resen.

Lake Prespa
The Lake Prespa is located on the tripoint of North Macedonia, Albania and Greece. It is a system of two lakes separated by an isthmus: the Great Prespa Lake, divided between the three countries, and the Little Prespa Lake, mostly within Greece. They are the highest tectonic lakes in the Balkans, at an elevation of 853 metres (2,799 ft).

The area contains three national parks: Galičica National Park in North Macedonia, Prespa National Park in Albania, and Prespa National Park in Greece. The largest town in the region is Resen in North Macedonia. In 2014, Ohrid-Prespa Transboundary Biosphere Reserve between Albania and North Macedonia was added to UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves.
Manuel de la Sota
Manuel de la Sota Aburto, also known as Manu Sota (27 July 1897 – 29 December 1979), was a Basque Spanish promoter of Basque culture, a writer, and a nationalist politician. He was a cultural promoter, delegate of the Basque Government in exile, academic of Euskaltzaindia, but he is best known for being the 11th president of Athletic Bilbao.

His cousin Alejandro de la Sota was also a president of Athletic Bilbao, and as Basque nationalists, both of them strengthened the philosophy known as cantera within the club, which resounded over the idea of not using foreigners, only Basques, hence creating the club's infamous signing policy.

Basque nationalism
Basque nationalism (Basque: eusko abertzaletasuna [eus̺ko abeɾts̻aletas̺una]; Spanish: nacionalismo vasco; French: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today split between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included movements supportive of Basque independence.

Basque nationalism, spanning three different regions in two states (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, and the French Basque Country in France), is "irredentist in nature" as it favours political unification of all the Basque-speaking provinces.
Abdul Razak Mohd Yusof
Abdul Razak bin Mohd Yusof (born 10 February 1963) is a former senior police officer, martial artist and one of the national heroes from the Royal Malaysia Police 69 Commando of the Pasukan Gerakan Khas (English: Police Special Operations Command). He is a recipient of the Grand Knight of Valour (S.P.) award, the highest federal award of Malaysia.

Al-Ma'unah
Al-Ma'unah is an Islamic sect and spiritual militant group based in Malaysia. The group was made famous by their audacious raid on 2 July 2000 on a camp of Malaysian Army Reserve mobilised in the early hours of the morning and stealing weapons from the armory. The group was later cornered in the village of Sauk, Kuala Kangsar, Perak and was involved in a stand-off the against the Malaysian Army and Royal Malaysian Police forces. The stand-off, known as the Sauk Siege, ended when Malaysian security forces, including the army 22nd Grup Gerak Khas (22nd GGK) and police VAT 69 Pasukan Gerakan Khas, stormed the camp in Operation Dawn.
John Berry (cricketer)
John Berry (10 January 1823 – 26 February 1895) was an English first-class cricketer, active 1849–67, who played for Sheffield and Yorkshire sides both before and after the formation of the county club.

Born in Dalton, Huddersfield, Berry was a right-handed batsman and a medium pace roundarm bowler. In total, he scored 1,069 first-class runs, with a top score of 78 against Kent, and another score of 51 against an England XI. He took 40 wickets, with a best analysis of six for 31 against Surrey. Berry died in February 1895 at Haslingden, Lancashire, aged 72 years.  His uncle, George Berry, also played first-class cricket for Yorkshire sides.

Sheffield Cricket Club
The Sheffield Cricket Club was founded in the 18th century and soon began to play a key role in the development of cricket in northern England. It was the direct forerunner of Yorkshire County Cricket Club and some of the teams fielded by Sheffield were styled Yorkshire. Sheffield generally held first-class status, depending on the quality of their opponents, from 1827 to 1855.
CAPLE
The Centro de Avaliação de Português Língua Estrangeira (CAPLE), or Centre for Evaluation of Portuguese as a Foreign Language, issues certifications of proficiency in standard European Portuguese as a second language. CAPLE exams are offered in Portugal and 45 other countries and territories. The official CAPLE examinations and certificates/diplomas are developed, delivered, and accredited by a tri-partite collaboration in Portugal between the School of Arts and Humanities at the University of Lisbon and the Instituto Camões, which administers the examination procedures on behalf of the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

University of Lisbon
The University of Lisbon (ULisboa; Portuguese: Universidade de Lisboa) is a public research university in Lisbon, and Portugal's largest university. It was founded in 1911, but the university's present structure dates to the 2013 merger of the former University of Lisbon (1911–2013) and the Technical University of Lisbon (1930–2013).
Yasik
Yasik (Korean: 야식; Hanja: 夜食) is a term referring to South Korea's midnight snack culture.

The dictionary meaning of yasik is 'the food eaten in the middle of the night after dinner.'

Korea's top yasik favourites include: ramyeon (라면), typically eaten with kimchi, chicken and beer (chimaek, 치킨, 맥주), jokbal and bossam (족발, 보쌈), tteokbokki and sundae (떡볶이, 순대), gungoguma (roasted sweet potatoes) and hoppang (군고구마, 호빵). Kimbap and jokbal is also popular. Past favorites, now less popular, include memilmuk (buckwheat jelly) and chapssaltteok (rice cakes filled with sweet beans).

Fried chicken, first introduced in Korea in the 1980s, and pizza also top the list of night-time favorites. Fried chicken, in particular, has become a wide market, with chicken restaurant chains continually developing new sauces and wooing various Hallyu stars to promote their respective brands. Of course, no late-night chicken order would be complete without a cool pitcher of draft beer.

Sundae (sausage)
Sundae (Korean: 순대; pronounced [sun.dɛ], sometimes anglicized as soondae) is a type of blood sausage in Korean cuisine. It is a popular street food in both North and South Korea, generally made by steaming cow or pig's intestines stuffed with various ingredients.
First Entertainment Credit Union
First Entertainment Credit Union (or First Entertainment) is a state-chartered, natural person (retail) credit union – a cooperative financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members and operated for the purpose of providing credit at competitive rates and other financial services to its members. Headquartered in Hollywood, California, First Entertainment Credit Union is regulated under the authority of both the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (DFPI) and the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA), an agency of the U.S. federal government.

Credit
Credit (from Latin creditum, "loan") is the trust which allows one party to provide money or resources to another party wherein the second party does not reimburse the first party immediately (thereby generating a debt), but promises either to repay or return those resources (or other materials of equal value) at a later date. The resources provided by the first party can be either property, fulfillment of promises, or performances. In other words, credit is a method of making reciprocity formal, legally enforceable, and extensible to a large group of unrelated people.

The resources provided may be financial (e.g. granting a loan), or they may consist of goods or services (e.g. consumer credit). Credit encompasses any form of deferred payment. Credit is extended by a creditor, also known as a lender, to a debtor, also known as a borrower.