hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009 structural changes to local government in England
On 1 April 2009 structural changes to local government in England took place which reformed the local government of seven non-metropolitan counties: Bedfordshire, Cheshire, Cornwall, County Durham, Shropshire, Northumberland, and Wiltshire. In each case the government of the county was changed from a two-tier to a unitary system, with Bedfordshire and Cheshire being divided into two new unitary authorities.

Elections to the new authorities took place on 1 May 2008 for some of the new authorities, which took up their powers on 1 April 2009. In the remaining authorities elections took place two months later on 4 June 2009.

City of Preston, Lancashire
The City of Preston, or simply Preston (/ˈprɛstən/ ⓘ), is a local government district with city status in Lancashire, England. It lies on the north bank of the River Ribble and has a population of 162,864 (2024). The neighbouring districts are Ribble Valley, South Ribble, Fylde and Wyre.

The district is named after its largest settlement, Preston, which lies in the south of the district. The district also includes rural areas to the north of the main urban area, including part of the Forest of Bowland, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In 2002 the district was granted city status to mark the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II; prior to this it was known as the Borough of Preston, having held borough status since its creation in 1974.
Chicken of the Sea
Chicken of the Sea is a packager and provider of seafood, owned by the Thai Union Group in Samut Sakhon, Thailand. The brand is attached to tuna, salmon, clams, crab, shrimp, mackerel, oysters, kippers and sardines in cans, pouches and cups, as are its sister brands, Genova and Ace of Diamonds.

Oyster
Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters, are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.

Some species of oyster are commonly consumed and are regarded as a delicacy in some localities. Some types of pearl oysters are harvested for the pearl produced within the mantle. Others, such as the translucent windowpane oysters, are harvested for their shells.
Roger Smith (tennis)
Roger Smith (born 20 January 1964) is a former tennis player from the Bahamas.

Smith turned professional in 1987. The right-hander reached his highest singles ATP-ranking on 1 August 1988, when he became World Number 96 making him the highest singles ranked Bahamian in history along with Mark Knowles.

Shelby Cannon
Shelby Cannon (born August 19, 1966) is an American retired professional tennis player.

Cannon enjoyed most of his tennis success while playing doubles. During his career, he won three doubles titles and finished runner-up an additional six times. He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 27 in 1993.

Cannon played college tennis for the Tennessee Volunteers. While on tour, Cannon kept a residence in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida.
Triathlon at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's
The men's individual competition of the triathlon events at the 2011 Pan American Games was held on October 23 at the API Maritime Terminal in Puerto Vallarta. The defending Pan American Games champion is Andy Potts of the United States.

The race was held over the "international distance" and consisted of 1,500 metres (0.93 mi) swimming, 40 kilometres (25 mi), road bicycling, and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) road running.

The winner Reinaldo Colucci of Brazil qualifies to compete in the triathlon competitions at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Great Britain.

Triathlon at the 2007 Pan American Games
The triathlon competition at the 2007 Pan American Games was held on July 15, 2007 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the fourth time the event had been held at the Pan American Games. The male and female winners qualified directly for the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.
Rancho Chualar
Rancho Chualar was a 8,890-acre (36.0 km2) Mexican land grant in the Salinas Valley, in present-day Monterey County, California. It was given in 1839  by Governor pro tem Manuel Jimeno to Juan Malarín.

The grant extended along the north bank of the Salinas River, and encompassed present-day Chualar.

Salinas River (California)
The Salinas River (Rumsen: ua kot taiauačorx) is the longest river of the Central Coast region of California, running 175 miles (282 km) and draining 4,160 square miles (10,800 km2). It flows north-northwest and drains the Salinas Valley that slices through the central California Coast Ranges south of Monterey Bay. The river begins in southern San Luis Obispo County, originating in the Los Machos Hills of the Los Padres National Forest.  From there, the river flows north into Monterey County, eventually making its way to connect with the Monterey Bay, part of the Pacific Ocean, approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Moss Landing. The river is a wildlife corridor, and provides the principal source of water from its reservoirs and tributaries for the farms and vineyards of the valley.
Energy in Serbia
Energy in Serbia is dominated by fossil fuels, despite the public preference for renewable energy.

In 2021 Serbia's total energy supply was almost 700 PJ, with the energy mix comprising coal (45%), oil (24%), gas (15%), and renewables (16%). Bioenergy and hydroelectric power were the leading contributors within the renewable energy category, accounting for 67% and 29% of the renewable supply, respectively.

Energy supply
Energy supply is the delivery of fuels or transformed fuels to point of consumption. It potentially encompasses the extraction, transmission, generation, distribution and storage of fuels.  It is also sometimes called energy flow.

This supply of energy can be disrupted by several factors, including imposition of higher energy prices due to action by OPEC or other cartel, war, political disputes, economic disputes, or physical damage to the energy infrastructure due to terrorism.  The security of the energy supply is a major concern of national security and energy law.
Linné family
The von Linné family and Linnaeus family was the family of the renowned botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, physician and formalizer of the binomial nomenclature, Carl Linnaeus, and a Swedish noble family (No. 2044), ennobled on 20 April 1757 by the Swedish King Adolf Frederick, introduced at the House of Nobility in 1776.

The von Linné family is predominantly famous for its contributions in the fields of science. The von Linné family descends from generations of priests and peasants in the historical province of Småland. The noble family's coat of arms prominently features a twinflower, one of Linnaeus's favourite plants.

Linnaea
Linnaea borealis is a species of flowering plant in the family Caprifoliaceae (the honeysuckle family). It is the only species in the genus Linnaea. It is a boreal to subarctic woodland subshrub, commonly known as twinflower (sometimes written twin flower).

This plant was a favourite of Carl Linnaeus, founder of the modern system of binomial nomenclature, after whom the genus was named.
2023 Vacaria Open
The 2023 Vacaria Open was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor clay courts. It was the first edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2023 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Vacaria, Brazil, between 11 and 17 December 2023.

Vacaria Open
The Vacaria Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on indoor clay courts. The event is classified as a $60,000 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournament and has been held in Vacaria, Brazil, since 2023.
Perry Como television and radio shows
Perry Como was an American singer, radio and television performer whose career covered more than fifty years. He is probably best known for his television shows and specials over a period of almost thirty years. Como came to television in 1948 when his radio show was selected by NBC for experimental television broadcasts. His television programs were seen in more than a dozen countries, making Como a familiar presence outside of the United States and Canada.

He received five Emmys from 1955 to 1959, a Christopher Award (1956) and shared a Peabody Award with good friend Jackie Gleason in the same year. Como was inducted into the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Hall of Fame in 1990 and received a Kennedy Center Honor in 1987. Como has the distinction of having three stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his work in radio, television, and music.

Academy of Television Arts & Sciences
The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS), also colloquially known as the Television Academy, is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the television industry in the United States. A 501(c)(6) non-profit organization founded in 1946, the organization presents the Primetime Emmy Awards, an annual ceremony honoring achievement in U.S. primetime television. The ATAS is a sister organization to the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences and the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, the other two bodies that present Emmy Awards to other sectors of television programming.
Max Schär
Max Schär (born 12 June 1953) is  a Swiss handball player. He was a member of the Switzerland men's national handball team. He was part of the  team at the 1980 Summer Olympics and 1984 Summer Olympics. On club level he played for RTV 1879 Basel in Switzerland. Between 2006 and 2009 he was the director at the Swiss Handball Association.

He holds the record for most caps on the Swiss national team.

Swiss Handball Association
The Swiss Handball Association (SHV) (German: Schweizerischer Handball-Verband) is the governing body of handball and beach handball in Switzerland. Founded in 1974, SHV is affiliated to the International Handball Federation and European Handball Federation. SHV is also affiliated to the Swiss Olympic Association. It is based in Olten.
The President's Daughter (novel)
The President's Daughter is a political thriller novel by former U.S. President Bill Clinton and novelist James Patterson published in June 2021. It is Clinton's second novel, after The President is Missing (2018).

James Patterson
James Brendan Patterson (born March 22, 1947) is an American author. Among his works are the Alex Cross, Michael Bennett, Women's Murder Club, Maximum Ride, Daniel X, NYPD Red, Witch & Wizard, Private and Middle School series, as well as many stand-alone thrillers, non-fiction, and romance novels. Patterson's books have sold more than 425 million copies, and he was the first person to sell one million e-books. In 2016, Patterson topped Forbes's list of highest-paid authors for the third consecutive year, with an income of $95 million. His total income over a decade is estimated at $700 million.

In November 2015, Patterson received the Literarian Award from the National Book Foundation. He has donated millions of dollars in grants and scholarship to various universities, teachers' colleges, independent bookstores, school libraries, and college students to promote literacy.
Megan Pauwels
Megan Pauwels (née Foster; born 20 April 1976) is a former Australian cricketer. A right-arm off break bowler, she represented Victoria in 64 List A matches between the 1998–99 and 2007–08 seasons of the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL). She took 53 wickets in the WNCL, for an average of 21.92.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
Jintai Xizhao station
Jintai Xizhao station (Chinese: 金台夕照站; pinyin: Jīntái Xīzhào Zhàn; lit. 'The Golden Terrace in the Glow of the Setting Sun') is a subway station on Line 10 of the Beijing Subway. It is located along East 3rd Ring Road Middle between China National Highway 102, known as Chaoyangmen Outer Street to the west of the 3rd Ring Road and Chaoyang Road to the east, and Guanghua Road.

China National Highway 102
China National Highway 102 is a major trunk route connecting Beijing to Fuyuan, Heilongjiang. In Beijing it is known as Jingfu Road (京抚路), after the two cities' names, for connecting Beijing to Fuyuan.

It leaves Beijing as the Jingtong Expressway and Tongzhou–Yanjiao Expressway into Hebei Province (they are rare occurrences that sections of National Highways are built to National Expressway standards). It then runs alongside the Beijing–Shenyang Expressway along the coast until Shenyang, Liaoning, and then along the Shenyang–Harbin Expressway until Harbin.

China National Highway 102 was 1,297 km (806 mi) in length. It runs through the provinces of Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. It connects the major cities of Qinhuangdao, Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin. In 2013, under a new 2013-2030 plan by NDRC and MoT, the G102 was extended to Fuyuan.
Letter of the Twenty Two
The Letter of the Twenty Two was a letter written by twenty two working class members of the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik) expressing their concerns about the rift which they perceived between workers and party leaders. It was addressed to the Executive Committee of the Communist International and sent on  February 26, 1922. The original twenty two signatories were all metalworkers. However Alexandra Kollontai and Zoya Shadurskaia, both prominent Bolshevik women of noble background, subsequently signed the letter.

Executive Committee of the Communist International
The Executive Committee of the Communist International, commonly known by its acronym, ECCI (Russian acronym ИККИ for Исполнительный комитет Коммунистического интернационала), was the governing authority of the Comintern between the World Congresses of that body. The ECCI, established by the Founding Congress of the Comintern in 1919, was dissolved with the rest of the Comintern in May 1943.
Kemp Plummer
Kemp Plummer (1769 – January 19, 1826) was an American lawyer and politician.  He was educated by George Wythe, once known as "the honest lawyer", and represented Warren County, North Carolina in the North Carolina House of Commons and later the North Carolina State Senate. He was a trustee of the University of North Carolina and grandfather of Kemp Plummer Battle.

Plummer was part of the "Warren Junto" which included Nathaniel Macon, who married Kemp's sister Hannah, James Turner, Weldon Edwards, William Hawkins, and William Miller, who dominated North Carolina political life at that time. Plummer's sister Hannah married Nathaniel Macon.

Kemp Plummer was the second owner of the oldest house in Warrenton. The original owner was Marmaduke Johnson, who married Macon's half-sister Hixie Ransom. Another Plummer brother was William Plummer II, who married Macon's half-sister Betsy Ransom.

Plummer's plantation also had several black slaves.

Plummer died from gout in 1826.

Junto (club)
The Junto, also known as the Leather Apron Club, was a club for mutual improvement established in 1727 by Benjamin Franklin in Philadelphia.  The Leather Apron Club's purpose was to debate questions of morals, politics, and natural philosophy, and to exchange knowledge of business affairs.
Bill Jones (basketball, born 1944)
William Edwin Jones (born September 4, 1944) is an American retired college basketball head coach. He guided the Jacksonville State University men's basketball team to the 1985 NCAA Division II national championship. That year, the Gamecocks lost their first game of the season but then went on to win 31 consecutive games to claim the national title. They went 16–0 in Gulf South Conference play en route to the school-record 31–1 mark. In his career at Jacksonville State, he guided them to 8 NCAA Division II Tournament appearances and 6 Gulf South championships. Jones oversaw the program's transition from Division II to Division I in the 1995–96 season when they joined the Trans America Athletic Conference.

Jones also played for Jacksonville State, earning varsity letters in 1964–65 and 1965–66. As a senior in 1965–66 he earned All-American status.

Jacksonville State Gamecocks men's basketball
The Jacksonville State Gamecocks men's basketball team is the men's basketball team that represents Jacksonville State University in Jacksonville, Alabama. JSU is a member of Conference USA. The Gamecocks are coached by Ray Harper. During their time as a member of Division II, they were national champions in 1985.

The Gamecocks have appeared in the NCAA tournament two times, most recently in 2022. Jacksonville State has never won a game in the NCAA tournament.
1981 Swiss Indoors
The 1981 Swiss Indoors was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the St. Jakobshalle in Basel, Switzerland that was part of the 1981 Volvo Grand Prix. It was the 13th edition of the tournament and was held from 12 October through 18 October 1981. First-seeded Ivan Lendl won the singles title.

St. Jakobshalle
St. Jakobshalle is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the municipality of Münchenstein in Basel-Landschaft, right by the border with Basel-Stadt. Officially opened in September 1976, it is primarily used for hosting indoor sports and concert events. Following a significant renovation, the main arena has a seated capacity of 8,000 people but this can be increased to 12,400 (previously 9,000) when combined with a standing audience.

The building was designed by the architect Giovanni Panozzo and has different sized halls and rooms, which are used for all types of events. It is the home of the Swiss Indoors men's tennis and Swiss Open badminton tournaments.
Trophy hunting in Pakistan
Trophy Hunting in Pakistan is a form of hunting for sport in which parts of the hunted wild animals are kept and displayed as trophies. Pakistan harbors a collection of the most uncommon types of wild sheep and goats on the planet. These include the Blue sheep, Kashmir, Astor, and Suleman Markhors, as well as Punjab, Blandford, and Afghan Urials, alongside the Himalayan and Sindh Ibex.

Bharal
The bharal (Pseudois nayaur), also called the blue sheep, is a caprine native to the high Himalayas. It is the only member of the genus Pseudois. It occurs in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, and in China in the provinces of Gansu, Ningxia, Sichuan, Tibet, and Inner Mongolia. The Helan Mountains of Ningxia have the highest concentration of bharal in the world, with 15 bharals per km2 and 30,000 in total.

Its native names include yanyang (岩羊) in Mandarin, bharal, barhal, bharar, and bharut in Hindi, na or sna in Tibetan and Ladakh, nabo in Spitian, naur in Nepali and na or gnao in Bhutan.
The bharal was also the focus of George Schaller and Peter Matthiessen's expedition to Nepal in 1973. Their personal experiences are well documented by Matthiessen in his book, The Snow Leopard. The bharal is a major prey of the snow leopard.
Pelecinellidae
Pelecinellidae is a small family of chalcidoid wasps, formerly treated as the subfamily Leptofoeninae within Pteromalidae. They, like many small chalcidoids, are brilliantly metallic.

The subfamily contains three genera; Nefoenus, Doddifoenus (with four species) and Leptofoenus (with five extant species). The species Doddifoenus wallacei is the largest known chalcidoid wasp, reaching nearly 5 cm (2.0 in) in length (including the ovipositor).

The first pelecinellid species known from the fossil record, Leptofoenus pittfieldae, was described in 2009 by Michael S. Engel from a specimen found in Dominican amber.

Ovipositor
The ovipositor is  a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs. In insects, an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages.  The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typically its form is adapted to functions such as preparing a place for the egg, transmitting the egg, and then placing it properly.  For most insects, the organ is used merely to attach the egg to some surface, but for many parasitic species (primarily in wasps and other Hymenoptera), it is a piercing organ as well.

Some ovipositors only retract partly when not in use, and the basal part that sticks out is known as the scape, or more specifically oviscape, the word scape deriving from the Latin word scāpus, meaning "stalk" or "shaft".
Loyal Brave True
"Loyal Brave True" is a song recorded by American singer Christina Aguilera, taken from the soundtrack to the 2020 action drama film Mulan. The song was written by Billy Crabtree, Harry Gregson-Williams, Rosi Golan, and producer Jamie Hartman. It was released as a single on March 6, 2020, by Walt Disney Records. "Loyal Brave True" received a nomination for the Soundtrack Song of 2020 at the 46th People's Choice Awards. It was also shortlisted as one of fifteen potential nominees for the Academy Award for Best Original Song.

46th People's Choice Awards
The 46th ceremony of the People's Choice Awards was held on November 15, 2020, to honor the best in popular culture for 2020. The show was hosted by Demi Lovato and was broadcast live by E! at the Barker Hangar in Santa Monica, California. The show had a 43% jump in viewership from the year prior and received generally good ratings from the viewers.
A Woman Weeping
A Woman Weeping, also known as A Weeping Woman or Study of a Weeping Woman, is a 1644 oil on oak panel painting, now in the Detroit Institute of Arts. It almost exactly corresponds to the kneeling woman in Rembrandt's The Woman Taken in Adultery (National Gallery, London) and is thought to be by one of his students after an autograph original study – Kurt Bauch argued this student was Carel Fabritius, whilst Werner Sumowski felt the strongest candidates were Samuel van Hoogstraten and Nicolaes Maes.

Carel Fabritius
Carel Pietersz. Fabritius (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkaːrəl ˈpitərs faːˈbritsijʏs]; bapt. 27 February 1622 – 12 October 1654) was a Dutch painter. He was a pupil of Rembrandt and worked in his studio in Amsterdam. Fabritius, who was a member of the Delft School, developed his own artistic style and experimented with perspective and lighting. Among his works are A View of Delft (1652; National Gallery, London), The Goldfinch (1654), and The Sentry (1654).
March 1992 Thai general election
General elections were held in Thailand on 22 March 1992, the first after the National Peace Keeping Council overthrew the elected government of Chatichai Choonhavan in a coup on 23 February 1991. A total of 15 parties and 2,185 candidates contested the 360 seats. The Justice Unity Party emerged as the largest party in the House of Representatives with 79 seats despite receiving fewer votes than the New Aspiration Party. Voter turnout was 59%.

Palang Dharma Party
The Palang Dharma Party (Thai: พรรคพลังธรรม, RTGS: Phak Phalang Tham; translated as "power of Dharma", or "moral force", PDP for short) was a Buddhist-inspired political party in Thailand founded by Chamlong Srimuang in 1988, associated with the Santi Asoke sect of Buddhism. The Thai word tham can be used to refer both to "morality", and "dharma", the teachings of Buddhism. Phak Phalang Tham was a political party, not to be confused with its precursor, Ruam Phalang ("collective force"), the campaign group that backed Chamlong Srimuang in the 1985 Bangkok gubernatorial election. To some extent, the PDP evolved into a political party from Ruam Phalang. The latter group was largely made up of Santi Asoke devotees, former Young Turks, and other political activists and community leaders. Many of the PDP's early members were drawn from the ranks of Ruam Phalang.