hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exothermic process
In thermodynamics, an exothermic process (from Ancient Greek  έξω (éxō) 'outward' and  θερμικός (thermikós) 'thermal') is a thermodynamic process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen). The term exothermic was first coined by 19th-century French chemist Marcellin Berthelot.

The opposite of an exothermic process is an endothermic process, one that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat.  The concept is frequently applied in the physical sciences to chemical reactions where chemical bond energy is converted to thermal energy (heat).

Condensation
Condensation is    the change of the state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase, and is the reverse of vaporization. The word most often refers to the water cycle. It can also be defined as the change in the state of water vapor to liquid water when in contact with a liquid or solid surface or cloud condensation nuclei within the atmosphere. When the transition happens from the gaseous phase into the solid phase directly, the change is called deposition. Condensation is usually associated with water.
Rasmus Nielsen (biologist)
Rasmus Nielsen (born January 27, 1970) is a Danish biologist and professor in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on statistical genetics and computational genomics as they relate to evolutionary biology. Nielsen is well known for the multitude of methods he has developed, including significant contributions to maximum likelihood approaches for population genetics. Much of his research has focused on the molecular mechanisms of evolutionary adaptations. For example, in 2010, his research group discovered the variant in the EPAS1 gene that allows Tibetans to live at high altitudes. His research has also identified an evolved genetic adaptation among the Inuit that allows them to metabolize fatty acids.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Vitanjsko Skomarje
Vitanjsko Skomarje (pronounced [ˈʋiːtanskɔ ˈskoːmaɾjɛ]) is a dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Vitanje in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement
Giovanni Battista Draghi (composer)
Giovanni Battista Draghi (ca. 1640 – buried 13 May 1708) was an Anglo-Italian composer and keyboard player. He may have been the brother of the composer Antonio Draghi.

Draghi was brought to London in the 1660s by King Charles II who was trying, unsuccessfully, to establish Italian opera in England. He remained in England for the rest of his life.

In 1673 Draghi was made first organist of the queen's Catholic chapel in Somerset House. In 1684 he took part in what became known as the Battle of the Organs. He was hired by master organ maker Renatus Harris to demonstrate the superiority of his organ when Harris was trying to gain the contract to build the new organ for the Temple Church. Harris' rival "Father" Bernard Smith hired organists and composers John Blow and Henry Purcell to demonstrate his organ and won the contest.

Draghi was awarded a pension by King William III in 1698.

Somerset House
Somerset House is a large neoclassical building complex situated on the south side of the Strand in central London, overlooking the River Thames, just east of Waterloo Bridge. The Georgian era quadrangle is built on the site of a Tudor palace ("Old Somerset House") originally belonging to the Duke of Somerset. The present Somerset House was designed by Sir William Chambers, begun in 1776, and was further extended with Victorian era outer wings to the east and west in 1831 and 1856 respectively. The site of Somerset House stood directly on the River Thames until the Victoria Embankment was built in the late 1860s.

The great Georgian era structure was built to be a grand public building housing various government and public-benefit society offices. Its present tenants are a mixture of various organisations, generally centred around the arts and education.
Anti-phishing software
Anti-phishing software  consists of computer programs that attempt to identify phishing content contained in websites, e-mail, or other forms used to accessing data (usually from the internet) and block the content, usually with a warning to the user (and often an option to view the content regardless). It is often integrated with web browsers and email clients as a toolbar that displays the real domain name for the website the viewer is visiting, in an attempt to prevent fraudulent websites from masquerading as other legitimate websites.

Most popular web browsers comes with built-in anti-phishing and anti-malware protection services, but almost none of the alternate web browsers have such protections.

Password managers can also be used to help defend against phishing, as can some mutual authentication techniques.

Password manager
A password manager is a software program that prevents password fatigue by automatically generating, autofilling, and storing passwords. They are useful for local applications or web applications such as online shops or social media. Web browsers tend to have a built-in password manager. Password managers typically require a user to create and remember a single password to unlock to access the stored passwords. Password managers can integrate multi-factor authentication and passkey authentication.
Let There Be Light (album)
Let There Be Light (stylised as let there be light) is the 25th live album of Hillsong Worship, which features several worship pastors from the Australian church Hillsong Church. The album was recorded during the 2016 Hillsong Conference at the Qudos Bank Arena from 4 July until 7 July 2016 and was released on 14 October 2016, under Hillsong Music, Sparrow Records and Capitol Christian Music Group.

Their music captures the heart and sound of Hillsong Church globally and represents the coming together of the Hillsong worship team from around the world, including Reuben Morgan, Marty Sampson, Joel Houston, Brooke Ligertwood, Ben Fielding, Taya Smith, Dave Ware, Annie Garratt and many more.

Reuben Morgan
Reuben Timothy Morgan (born 9 August 1975) is an Australian worship pastor at Hillsong Church and one of several worship leaders and songwriters in Hillsong Worship group. Prior to this he was a worship pastor at Hillsong Church in Sydney, Australia. He has written songs such as "Eagles Wings", "Hear Our Praises", "I Give You My Heart", "My Redeemer Lives" and "Mighty to Save", which won the Worship Song of the Year at the 40th GMA Dove Awards. In 2005 his first solo worship album, World Through Your Eyes, debuted at No. 3 in the Australian Christian Charts. As of at least 2025, he is no longer involved with Hillsong, but along with fellow former Hillsong vocalist Ben Fielding, started a band called CXMMXNS.
2024 West Virginia Senate election
The 2024 West Virginia Senate election was held on November 5, 2024, with 17 of the chamber's 34 seats up for election. This took place alongside elections to the House of Delegates, as well as a number of statewide elected positions and elections to Congress and the Presidency. Primary elections were held on May 14, 2024.

Mike Caputo
Michael Caputo (born September 18, 1957) is an American politician who served as a Democratic member of the West Virginia Senate, representing the 13th District from 2020 to 2024. Caputo was the only new Democratic senator elected in the 2020 Senate elections.

Prior his election to the Senate, Caputo represented the 50th District in the West Virginia House of Delegates for 24 years and was most recently serving as Minority Whip. Caputo also served as majority whip for eight years until the Republicans took the majority in 2014.

He was born and raised in Rivesville, West Virginia and attended Rivesville Elementary School and Rivesville High School. He is a career coal miner and a member of the United Mine Workers of America.
Deliberation
Deliberation is a process of thoughtfully weighing options, for example prior to voting. Deliberation emphasizes the use of logic and reason as opposed to power-struggle, creativity, or dialogue. Group decisions are generally made after deliberation through a vote or consensus of those involved.

In legal settings a jury famously uses deliberation because it is given specific options, like guilty or not guilty, along with information and arguments to evaluate. In "deliberative democracy", the aim is for both elected officials and the general public to use deliberation rather than power-struggle as the basis for their vote.

Individual deliberation is also a description of day-to-day rational decision-making, and as such is an epistemic virtue.

Verdict
In law, a verdict is the formal finding of fact made by a jury on matters or questions submitted to the jury by a judge. In a bench trial, the judge's decision near the end of the trial is simply referred to as a finding. In England and Wales, a coroner's findings used to be called verdicts but are, since 2009, called conclusions (see Coroner § Inquest conclusions (previously called verdicts)).
1904 Democratic National Convention
The 1904 Democratic National Convention was an American presidential nominating convention that ran from July 6 through 10 in the Coliseum of the St. Louis Exposition and Music Hall in St. Louis, Missouri. Breaking with eight years of control by the Democratic Party's reform wing, the convention nominated conservative Judge Alton B. Parker of New York for president and Henry G. Davis of West Virginia for vice president.

The Democratic ticket lost in the November 1904 presidential election to the Republican Party and its ticket of Theodore Roosevelt and Charles W. Fairbanks.

John Sharp Williams
John Sharp Williams (July 30, 1854 – September 27, 1932) was a prominent American politician in the Democratic Party from the 1890s through the 1920s, and served as the minority leader of the United States House of Representatives from 1903 to 1908.
Harry Fritz (coach)
Harry G. Fritz (June 13, 1920 – May 27, 1987) was a collegiate athletics administrator and an American football, basketball, and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Missouri in 1952.  Fritz was also the head baseball coach at his alma mater, Transylvania University in Lexington, Kentucky from 1947 to 1948.  Before his retirement, he served as the head of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics.

Fritz was the father of current University of Houston football coach Willie Fritz.

Transylvania University
Transylvania University (often shortened as Transy) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780 and is Kentucky's oldest university. It offers 46 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its medical program has graduated 8,000 physicians since 1859.

Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the institution's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which existed between 1775 and 1776 in southern and western Kentucky.

It is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, 50 U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of American statesmen.
2023 IIHF World Championship Group A
Group A was one of two groups of the 2023 IIHF World Championship. The four best-placed teams advanced to the playoff round, while Hungary, who finished last in the group, was relegated to Division I in 2024.

2024 IIHF World Championship Division I
The 2024 IIHF World Championship Division I was an international ice hockey tournament run by the International Ice Hockey Federation.

The Group A tournament was held in Bolzano, Italy from 28 April to 4 May and the Group B tournament in Vilnius, Lithuania from 27 April to 3 May 2024.

In Group A, Hungary and Slovenia gained promotion to the Top Division and South Korea was relegated. Ukraine won Group B and was promoted, while the Netherlands were relegated to Division II.
Olivier ter Horst
Olivier ter Horst (born 6 April 1989 in Nijmegen) is a former Dutch footballer who played as a defender. He formerly played for Heracles Almelo and Helmond Sport. After the 2012/13 season, he retired from professional football as he wanted to focus on his public career.

Heracles Almelo
Heracles Almelo is a Dutch professional football club based in Almelo, founded in 1903. The club has won the Dutch national title twice, in 1927 and 1941. Heracles won the Eerste Divisie title in 2004–05, gaining promotion to the Eredivisie for the first time in 28 years. The club remained in the top flight for 17 seasons before suffering relegation at the end of the 2021–22 season.

In 2012, they reached the KNVB Cup final for the first time, losing to PSV in the final. The club's main rival is Twente.
Raqs-e-Bismil
Raqs-e-Bismil (Urdu: رقص بسمل, lit. 'Dance of the Wounded') is a Pakistani television series that premiered on Hum TV from 25 December 2020 to 9 July 2021. It is directed by acclaimed film director Wajahat Rauf and produced by his wife Shazia Wajahat under Showcase Productions. It features Imran Ashraf and Sarah Khan as leads. It is digitally available on Hum TV's YouTube channel.

Pakistani dramas
Pakistani dramas, or Pakistani serials, are televised serials produced in Pakistan. Although most of the serials are produced in Urdu, an increasing number are produced in other Pakistani languages such as Sindhi, Pashto, Punjabi and Balochi. One of Pakistan's oldest television dramas is the Urdu serial Khuda Ki Basti, which aired in 1969. Pakistani dramas, like serials elsewhere, reflect the country's culture. According to critics, the decades of 1970s and 1980s are considered to be the golden age of Pakistani serials.

In 2016, a Dawn News report estimated that the five major entertainment channels combined produce around 80 dramas every year, with an average of 16 dramas per channel.

They have helped to attract viewers nationwide to television. The serials are widely popular in South Asian countries, including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal.
Charlie Aptroot
Charles Bernard Aptroot (born 20 September 1950) is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He was a Member of the House of Representatives from 30 January 2003 to 19 September 2012. He focused on matters of traffic, public transport and internal affairs. On 1 September 2012, he became mayor of Zoetermeer.

Aptroot was elected to the House of Representatives in the 2003 general election. In 2010, he contested the election for Speaker of the House of Representatives but was defeated by incumbent Speaker Gerdi Verbeet.

In the past, Aptroot was a member of the municipal council of Wassenaar from 1982 to 1998 and an alderman of the same municipality from 1990 to 1996. He was also a member of the States of South Holland from 1999 to 2003.

In March 2020, Aptroot retired as mayor of Zoetermeer.

Burgomaster
Burgomaster (alternatively spelled burgermeister, lit. 'master of the town/borough/fortress/citizens') is the English form of various terms in or derived from Germanic languages for the chief magistrate or executive of a city or town. The name in English was derived from the Dutch burgemeester.

In some cases, burgomaster was the title of the head of state and head of government of a sovereign (or partially or de facto sovereign) city-state, sometimes combined with other titles, such as Hamburg's First Mayor and President of the Senate). Contemporary titles are commonly translated into English as mayor.
Wark railway station
Wark railway station is a disused railway station which served the village of Wark on Tyne, Northumberland, England. Located on the Border Counties Railway, the station was possibly opened on 1 December 1859, but was definitely open by 1 April 1860. The station was originally connected to the village by a wooden bridge over the River Tyne but this was replaced by an iron bridge in 1878. There was a single platform, a small goods shed with a signal box being added in 1896. It was closed to passengers on 15 October 1956 and completely on 1 September 1958.

The station building and platforms are still intact, the former now used as a private residence.

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Polonnaruwa District
Polonnaruwa District (Sinhala: පොළොන්නරුව දිස්ත්‍රික්කය; Tamil: பொலன்னறுவை மாவட்டம்) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. It is also one of the two districts of North Central Province and has an area of 3,293 km2.

The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Polonnaruwa.

Government of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා රජය, romanised: Śrī Laṅkā Rajaya; Tamil: இலங்கை அரசாங்கம், romanised: Ilaṇkai Aracāṅkam) is a semi-presidential republic determined by the Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte.
Magne Børset
Magne Børset (born 1958) is a Norwegian physician, Professor and Head of Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine at Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim, Norway. Børset is a senior consultant in clinical immunology and transfusion medicine. He is doing research on molecular oncology, immunology, and cancer cells from patients with multiple myeloma – a type of cancer which is localized to the bone marrow.

Molecular oncology
Molecular oncology is an interdisciplinary medical specialty at the interface of medicinal chemistry and oncology that refers to the investigation of the chemistry of cancer and tumors at the molecular scale. Also the development and application of molecularly targeted therapies.
Para Wirra Conservation Park
Para Wirra Conservation Park (formerly Para Wirra Recreation Park and Para Wirra National Park) is a 1,417-hectare (3,500-acre) protected area located in the foothills of the Mount Lofty Ranges in the northern end of the Adelaide metropolitan area in South Australia. The conservation park is part of a larger, 2,573-hectare (6,360-acre) block of contiguous native vegetation, the remainder of which is owned by PIRSA Forestry, SA Water and private landholders.

Gneiss
Gneiss (/naɪs/ NYSE) is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. It is formed by high-temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. This rock is formed under pressures ranging from 2 to 15 kbar, sometimes even more, and temperatures over 300 °C (572 °F). Gneiss nearly always shows a banded texture characterized by alternating darker and lighter colored bands and without a distinct cleavage.

Gneisses are common in the ancient crust of continental shields. Some of the oldest rocks on Earth are gneisses, such as the Acasta Gneiss.
1998 Thalgo Australian Women's Hardcourts
The 1998 Thalgo Australian Women's Hardcourts was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Hope Island Resort Tennis Centre in Hope Island, Queensland in Australia that was part of Tier III of the 1998 WTA Tour. It was the second edition of the tournament and was held from 4 January through 10 January 1998. Fourth-seeded Ai Sugiyama won the singles title and earned $27,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier III tournaments
The WTA Tier III tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis third-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years due to tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009, most Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from previous seasons became WTA International Tournaments owing to a category change. The main reason for the changes was to ease the pressure on players in terms of the number of tournaments that they were required to play.
Portrait of George III (Dance-Holland)
Portrait of George III is an oil on canvas portrait painting by the English artist Nathaniel Dance-Holland, from 1768-1769. It depicts the British monarch George III.

Dance-Holland spent more than a decade in Italy before returning to Britain where he became a noted portraitist. He was a founder member of the Royal Academy and chose to exhibit this and a portrait of Queen Charlotte at the inaugural Royal Academy Exhibition of 1769 at Pall Mall. Both paintings are now in the collection of the National Trust at Uppark House in West Sussex.

Pall Mall, London
Pall Mall /ˌpæl ˈmæl/ ⓘ is a street in the St James's area of the City of Westminster, Central London. It connects St James's Street to Trafalgar Square and is a section of the regional A4 road. The street's name is derived from pall-mall, a ball game played there during the 17th century, which in turn is derived from the Italian pallamaglio, literally "ball-mallet".

The area was built up during the reign of Charles II with fashionable London residences. It is known for high-class shopping in the 18th century until the present, and gentlemen's clubs in the 19th. The Reform, Athenaeum and Travellers clubs have survived to the 21st century. The War Office was based on Pall Mall during the second half of the 19th century, and the Royal Automobile Club's headquarters have been on the street since 1908.