hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Monochlamydeae
Monochlamydae is an artificial taxonomic group used in the identification of plants. It was largely abandoned by taxonomists in the 19th century, but has been often used since. Bentham and Hooker's classification, published in 1880, used this grouping, but stated that it was neither natural nor well defined, and that De Candolle's system was superior. Under Engler and Prantl's revision of 1931, the group Monochlamydeae was completely abandoned.

The group was one of three within the Dicotyledons, the others being Polypetalae and Gamopetalae. It included plants with flowers that had either a calyx or corolla, but not both.

Engler system
One of the prime systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler (1844–1930), and is featured in two major taxonomic texts he authored or co-authored. His influence is reflected in the use of the terms "Engler School" and "Engler Era". Engler's starting point was that of Eichler who had been the first to use phylogenetic principles, although Engler himself did not think that he was.
Elampalloor
Elampalloor  is an urban village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala and is a part of Kollam Metropolitan Area, India. It is 12 km away from Kollam city, 23 km away from Paravur and 13 km away from Kottarakkara.

Paravur, Kollam
Paravur (Malayalam pronunciation: [pɐɾɐʋuːr]) is a municipality in the Kollam district of Kerala, India. It is located 11.6 km (7.2 mi) southeast of Kollam city center and is a part of the Kollam metropolitan area. Paravur railway station is the last station in Kollam district, which is on the route to Trivandrum while traveling towards South India.
Edwin Pollard
Lawrence Edwin Pollard OBE (born 21 May 1942) was High Commissioner of Barbados in London 2003 until 2008.

Pollard joined Barclays Bank, and served it as Staff and Industrial Relations Manager, Assistant Caribbean Director, Personal Sector and Offshore Director and Product Development and Marketing Director. He was a member of the board of the Barbados Institute Banking and Finance, the Securities Exchange of Barbados and FCIB.

CIBC Caribbean
CIBC Caribbean is a financial services company based in Barbados and the Caribbean subsidiary of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC). The bank was founded in 2002 as FirstCaribbean International Bank through the merger of the Caribbean operations of Barclays Bank and CIBC, and in March 2006 both CIBC and Barclays announced that Barclays wished to exercise their option to exit the Caribbean venture completely resulting in CIBC gaining majority-control of the bank. In June 2011, it was announced the bank would be renamed CIBC FirstCaribbean Bank "to be more closely aligned to the CIBC brand, while still maintaining the FirstCaribbean name and local identity." The name was then later changed CIBC Caribbean in January 2024. The majority of the bank's revenues are generated by its operations in Barbados, the Bahamas and the Cayman Islands.
Fivehead River
Fivehead River (also known as the River Earn or Rag or Ragg River) flows through south Somerset, England.

It is named after the village of Fivehead, near to two Sites of Special Scientific Interest at Fivehead Arable Fields and Fivehead Woods and Meadow.

The source of the river is from various streams around Batten's Green and Ashill south west of Staple Fitzpaine, and flows east past Hatch Beauchamp and Beercrocombe where it is joined by several small tributaries. It then flows north east, past Isle Abbots, joining the River Isle north of Isle Brewers.

The 18th century road bridge over the river is a Grade II listed building.

Fivehead Arable Fields
Fivehead Arable Fields (grid reference ST337224) is a 10.3 hectare (25.4 acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest near the village of Fivehead in Somerset, notified in 1990.

This site has one of the most important assemblages of arable weeds in Britain, several of which are now nationally rare or scarce. There is a large population of the nationally rare Broad-fruited Cornsalad (Valerianella rimosa).
DR Congo national under-20 football team
Congo DR U-20 national football team, also known as Congo DR Under-20s or nicknamed Small Leopards, is the youth team for football in Congo DR. It plays a large role in the development of Congolaise football, and is considered to be the feeder team for the Congo DR national football team and is controlled by the Congolese Association Football Federation.

Congolese Association Football Federation
The Congolese Association Football Federation (French: Fédération Congolaise de Football-Association, FECOFA) is the governing body of football in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It founded in 1919 and affiliated to the FIFA in 1964 and CAF in 1964. It organizes the national football league Linafoot and the national team.

The organisation was previously named the Zairian Association Football Federation (French: Fédération Zaïroise de Football Association, FEZAFA) while the country was known as Zaire.

In September 2021, the General Inspectorate of Finance claims to have foiled an attempt to embezzle public funds. Fécofa, the Congolese Football Association, was forced to return nearly a million US dollars acquired fraudulently. This sum was initially allocated to the organization of a sporting event.

Scandal riddled, on April 25, 2023 the Bureau of the FIFA council has decided to appoint a normalization committee to run FECOFA's daily affairs.
Bahal, Indonesia
Bahal is a village in Portibi subdistrict, North Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatra province, Indonesia. The Vajrayana Buddhist Bahal temple is located in this village.

1°25′N 99°43′E﻿ / ﻿1.417°N 99.717°E﻿ / 1.417; 99.717

North Padang Lawas Regency
North Padang Lawas (Padang Lawas Utara, abbreviated as Paluta) is a landlocked regency in the North Sumatra province of Indonesia. It has an area of 3,945.56 km2, and had a population of 223,049 at the 2010 census and 260,720 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 280,595. North Padang Lawas Regency was created on 17 July 2007 (along with a separate Padang Lawas Regency to the south) from the eastern parts of the South Tapanuli Regency. Its administrative seat is the town of Gunung Tua.
North Watervliet Road–Paw Paw Lake Outlet Bridge
The North Watervliet Road–Paw Paw Lake Outlet Bridge, also known as Trunk Line Bridge No. 57, was an arch bridge in Watervliet Township, Michigan, that carried North Watervliet Road over the outlet of Paw Paw Lake into the Paw Paw River. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The bridge was demolished and replaced about 2008.

Paw Paw Lake
Paw Paw Lake is a lake in Coloma Township and Watervliet Township in Berrien County, Michigan. The lake was the site of a tourist area in the early 20th century. This area became the census-designated place of the same name. It is the largest lake in Berrien County, with a size of 857 acres (347 ha).
Halbertsma
Halbertsma is a Frisian patrician family that originates from Dokkum's surrounding area. Family members traditionally occupy positions in the legal field, academia, medicine, business, and public administration.

The family is mostly known for its significant contributions to Frisian literature and written language. Other members operated successful timber and dairy businesses in, respectively, Grou and Sneek, which offered a main source of employment for the region in the 19th and 20th century.

The cultural heritage of the family is, as of 1934, governed by the Halbertsma Foundation. The present chairman is prof.dr. Tjalling Halbertsma, dean of Campus Fryslân, University of Groningen. The family is listed in volumes 5, 12, 15, 40 and 71 of the genealogical reference work Nederland's Patriciaat (hereafter NP).

Dokkum
Dokkum (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɔ.kʏm] ⓘ) is a Dutch fortified city in the municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland. It has 12,669 inhabitants (February 8, 2020). The fortifications of Dokkum are well preserved and are known as the bolwerken (bulwarks). It is the fifth most popular shopping city in Friesland. It also had the smallest hospital in the Netherlands.
Aion S
The Aion S is a compact electric sedan produced by GAC Aion. It was revealed at Auto Guangzhou of 2018. A new variant, the Aion S Plus, was shown in 2021. Another new variant, the Aion S Max, went on sale in 2023.

Compact car
Compact car is a vehicle size class—predominantly used in North America—that sits between subcompact cars and mid-size cars. "Small family car" is a British term and a part of the C-segment in the European car classification. However, before the downsizing of the United States car industry in the 1970s and 1980s, larger vehicles with wheelbases up to 110 in (2.79 m) were considered "compact cars" in the United States.
Central Iran
Central Iran (Persian: ایران مرکزی) consists of the southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains in the north, the Zagros Mountains in south, the Central Iranian Range, and the desert of Dasht-e Kavir.

It includes the provinces of Isfahan, Yazd, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Markazi, Qazvin, Alborz, Tehran, Qom, and Semnan.

Its major cities are Tehran, Isfahan, Arak, Yazd, Karaj, Qazvin, Qom, Kashan, Saveh, and Shahr-e Kord.

Central Iranian Range
The Sahand-Bazman Volcanic and Plutonic Belt or the Sahand-Bazman Igneous Arc or the Central Iranian Range is a mountain range that is made by (both extrusive and intrusive) igneous and pyroclastic rocks. Located approximately 200 to 300 km east of and almost parallel to the Zagros Mountains, the Central Iranian Range stretches for about 900 km in a north-west-southeast direction from Mount Sahand in Azerbaijan in the north-west to Mount Bazman in Baluchistan in the Southeastern part of Iran.
Canton of Thiers
The canton of Thiers is an administrative division of the Puy-de-Dôme department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Thiers.

It consists of the following communes:

Puy-de-Dôme
Puy-de-Dôme (French: [pɥi də dom] ⓘ; Auvergnat: lo Puèi de Doma or lo Puèi Domat) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the centre of France. In 2021, it had a population of 662,285. Its prefecture is Clermont-Ferrand and subprefectures are Ambert, Issoire, Riom, and Thiers.

Named after the Puy de Dôme dormant volcano, its inhabitants were called Puydedomois in French until 2005. With effect from 2006, in response to a letter writing campaign, the name used for the inhabitants was changed by the Puy-de-Dôme General Council to Puydômois; this is the name that has since then been used in all official documents and publications.
Kinney National Company
Kinney Services Inc. (originally Kinney National Service, Inc.) was an American media conglomerate and holding company located in New York City. It was formed through the merger of Kinney Service Corporation (founded December 1961) and National Cleaning Contractors, Inc (established 1886). Kinney Services oversaw numerous service companies including funeral homes, parking facilities, and maintenance firms. By the late 1960s, Kinney National pivoted to entertainment after several media acquisitions, most notably Warner Bros.-Seven Arts. In 1971, Kinney National separated its non-media divisions to National Kinney Corporation (a separate company) and reincorporated as Warner Communications.

Parking
Parking is the act of stopping and disengaging a vehicle and usually leaving it unoccupied. Parking on one or both sides of a road is often permitted, though sometimes with restrictions.  Some buildings have parking facilities for use of the buildings' users.  Countries and local governments have rules for design and use of parking spaces.

Car parking is essential to car-based travel. Cars are typically stationary around 95 percent of the time. The availability and price of car parking may support car dependency. Significant amounts of urban land are devoted to car parking; in many North American city centers, half or more of all land is devoted to car parking.
Sherwood Boehlert
Sherwood Louis Boehlert (September 28, 1936 – September 20, 2021) was an American politician from New York. He represented a large swath of central New York in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 until 2007. Boehlert, a Republican, was considered to be a member of the party's moderate wing. He served as Chairman of the Science Committee from 2001 to 2006.

United States House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
The Committee on Science, Space, and Technology is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. It has jurisdiction over non-defense federal scientific research and development. More specifically, the committee has complete jurisdiction over the following federal agencies: NASA, NSF, NIST, and the OSTP. The committee also has authority over R&D activities at the Department of Energy, the EPA, FAA, NOAA, the DOT, the NWS, the DHS and the U.S. Fire Administration.
Laser-hybrid welding
Laser-hybrid welding is a type of welding process that combines the principles of laser beam welding and arc welding.

The combination of laser light and an electrical arc into an amalgamated welding process has existed since the 1970s, but has only recently been used in industrial applications. There are three main types of hybrid welding process, depending on the arc used: TIG, plasma arc or MIG augmented laser welding. While TIG-augmented laser welding was the first to be researched, MIG is the first to go into industry and is commonly known as hybrid laser welding.

Whereas in the early days laser sources still had to prove their suitability for industrial use, today they are standard equipment in many manufacturing enterprises.
The combination of laser welding with another weld process is called a "hybrid welding process". This means that a laser beam and an electrical arc act simultaneously in one welding zone, influencing and supporting each other.

Plasma torch
A plasma torch (also known as a plasma arc, plasma gun, plasma cutter, or plasmatron) is a device for generating a directed flow of plasma.

The plasma jet can be used for applications including plasma cutting, plasma arc welding, plasma spraying, and plasma gasification for waste disposal.
Geology of West Sussex
The geology of West Sussex in southeast England comprises a succession of sedimentary rocks of Cretaceous age overlain in the south by sediments of Palaeogene age. The sequence of strata from both periods consists of a variety of sandstones, mudstones, siltstones and limestones. These sediments were deposited within the Hampshire and Weald basins. Erosion subsequent to large scale but gentle folding associated with the Alpine Orogeny has resulted in the present outcrop pattern across the county, dominated by the north facing chalk scarp of the South Downs. The bedrock is overlain by a suite of Quaternary deposits of varied origin. Parts of both the bedrock and these superficial deposits have been worked for a variety of minerals for use in construction, industry and agriculture.

Ironstone
Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical replacement, that contains a substantial proportion of an iron ore compound from which iron (Fe) can be smelted commercially.

Not to be confused with native or telluric iron, which is very rare and found in metallic form, the term ironstone is customarily restricted to hard, coarsely banded, non-banded, and non-cherty sedimentary rocks of post-Precambrian age. The Precambrian deposits, which have a different origin, are generally known as banded iron formations. The iron minerals comprising ironstones can consist either of oxides, i.e. limonite, hematite, and magnetite; carbonates, i.e. siderite; silicates, i.e. chamosite; or some combination of these minerals.
El Kseur District
El Kseur District (القصر   منطقة ايل) is a district of Béjaïa Province, Algeria, and the region of Kabylie. Its capital is located in the town of El Kseur. The district abuts the Mediterranean Sea to the north.

The dïstrict includes the three communes

El Kseur,

Ifenain Ilmathen

Toudja.

Kabylia
Kabylia or Kabylie (/kəˈbɪliə/; Arabic: منطقة القبائل, lit. 'Area of the Tribes') is a mountainous coastal region in northern Algeria and the homeland of the Kabyle people. It is part of the Tell Atlas mountain range and is located at the edge of the Mediterranean.

Kabylia covers two provinces of Algeria: Tizi Ouzou and Béjaïa. Gouraya National Park and Djurdjura National Park are also located in Kabylia.
Richard Cork
Richard Cork (born 25 March 1947) is a British art historian, editor, critic, broadcaster and exhibition curator. He has been an art critic for the Evening Standard, The Listener, The Times and the New Statesman. Cork was also editor for Studio International. He is a past Turner Prize judge.

Art critic
An art critic is a person who is specialized in analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating art. Their written critiques or reviews contribute to art criticism and they are published in newspapers, magazines, books, exhibition brochures, and catalogues and on websites. Some of today's art critics use art blogs and other online platforms in order to connect with a wider audience and expand debate.
Live at the Village Vanguard (Dizzy Gillespie album)
Live at the Village Vanguard is a live album by American jazz trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie recorded on October 1, 1967, at the Village Vanguard and released on Solid State later that year. The complete recordings were released by Blue Note in 1992 under the same title.

Solid State Records (jazz label)
Solid State Records was a jazz record label formed in 1966 by producers Sonny Lester and Phil Ramone, with arranger Manny Albam.

The label released original recordings in the mid to late 1960s by Joe Williams, Chick Corea, Jimmy McGriff, Dizzy Gillespie, the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra and many others before its jazz artists were consolidated under United Artists' Blue Note label.
Anemone hepatica
Anemone hepatica (syn. Hepatica nobilis), the common hepatica, liverwort, liverleaf, kidneywort, or pennywort, is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, native to woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. This herbaceous perennial grows from a rhizome.

Ranunculaceae
Ranunculaceae (/rənʌŋkjuːˈleɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/ rə-nung-kew-LAY-see-e(y)e, buttercup or crowfoot family; Latin rānunculus "little frog", from rāna "frog") is a large family of flowering plants, distributed worldwide.

As of February 2026, World Flora Online accepted 53 genera and over 3,700 species. The largest genera are Ranunculus with more than 1,600 species, Delphinium with more than 500, and Clematis with almost 400.
Lê Phước Thọ
Lê Phước Thọ (25 December 1927 – 6 July 2023), commonly known as Sáu Hậu, was a Vietnamese politician. He was a member of the seventh electoral term of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam, a member of the Secretariat for the sixth and seventh electoral term, a member of the Central Committee from the fifth to seventh electoral term. Moreover, he was an alternate of the Central Committee's fourth term. He served as the head of the Central Committee of Agriculture, the head of the Organisation Department, and secretary of Hậu Giang Provincial Party Committee.

Lê Phước joined the Communist Party of Vietnam, then known as the Indochinese Communist Party, in 1949. During his party and state activities, he was awarded the badges of 30, 40 and 45 years of party life. After retiring, he was awarded a 50-year party senior badge.

Lê Phước Thọ died in Cần Thơ at his home on 6 July 2023, at the age of 95.

7th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam
The 7th Secretariat of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), formally the 7th Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Ban Bí thư Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam Khoá VII), was elected by the 1st Plenary Session of the 7th Central Committee (CC) in the immediate aftermath of the 7th National Congress.
Kiwi International Air Lines
Kiwi International Air Lines was a Part 121 American airline that operated from September 21, 1992 to March 24, 1999. It had its headquarters in the Hemisphere Center in Newark, New Jersey adjacent to Newark Liberty International Airport.

Kiwi International Air Lines was founded by a group of Eastern Air Lines pilots in a plan to re-employ former Eastern pilots, flight attendants, managers, and other contract and non-contract employees who had lost their jobs when Eastern Air Lines went into bankruptcy in 1989. The former airline pilots originally formed a group and called themselves Kiwis because they were no longer flying, just like the flightless Kiwi birds. The airline operated a fleet of Boeing 727-200 and McDonnell Douglas DC-9 aircraft. In its brief history, the airline flew 8 million passengers without incident.

Lists of airlines
This list covers existing and defunct airlines. Complete lists are given in alphabetical sequence by the name of the continent from which they operate. 
Lists are also given by size, by business model and by other characteristics.
There are over 5,000 airlines with ICAO codes.
Sovereign (Sansom novel)
Sovereign, published in 2006, is a historical mystery novel by British author C. J. Sansom. It is Sansom's fourth novel and the third in the Matthew Shardlake Series. Set in the 16th century during the reign of King Henry VIII, it follows hunchbacked lawyer Matthew Shardlake and his assistant, Jack Barak, as they investigate a series of murders and a plot to question the legitimacy of the line of succession to the English throne.

Pilgrimage of Grace
The Pilgrimage of Grace was an English Catholic popular revolt beginning in Yorkshire in October 1536 before spreading to other parts of Northern England, including Cumberland, Northumberland, Durham and north Lancashire. The protests occurred under the leadership of Robert Aske. The "most serious of all Tudor period rebellions", the Pilgrimage was a revolt against King Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church, the dissolution of the lesser monasteries, and the policies of the King's chief minister, Thomas Cromwell, as well as other specific political, social, and economic grievances.

Following the suppression of the short-lived Lincolnshire Rising of 1536, the traditional historical view portrays the Pilgrimage as "a spontaneous mass protest of the conservative elements in the North of England angry with the religious upheavals instigated by King Henry VIII". Historians have observed that there were contributing economic factors.
2016 Katowice Open – Doubles
For the doubles event during the 2016 Katowice Open, Eri Hozumi and Miyu Kato won the title, defeating Ivakhnenko and Melnikova in the final, 3–6, 7–5, [10–8].

Ysaline Bonaventure and Demi Schuurs were the defending champions, but Bonaventure chose not to participate this year. Schuurs played alongside Oksana Kalashnikova, but lost in the quarterfinals to Valentyna Ivakhnenko and Marina Melnikova.

Eri Hozumi
Eri Hozumi (穂積 絵莉, Hozumi Eri; born 17 February 1994) is a Japanese tennis player.

On 10 November 2014, she reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 144. On 27 May 2019, she peaked at No. 28 in the WTA doubles rankings. Partnering with Makoto Ninomiya, she reached the final of the 2018 French Open.
Paula Strautmane
Paula Strautmane (born 23 March 1997) is a Latvian basketball player for TTT Riga and the Latvian national team. She played college basketball for the Quinnipiac Bobcats in Hamden, Connecticut. Her younger sister Digna also is a basketball player, who played at the Syracuse and Georgia Tech in NCAA and Latvian national team.

She participated at the EuroBasket Women three times (2017 and 2019) and  2023).

Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets women's basketball
The Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets women's basketball team is the college basketball program representing the Georgia Institute of Technology in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) of NCAA Division I. The team plays its home games at McCamish Pavilion.