hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dan O'Brien (playwright)
Dan O’Brien (born 1974) is an American playwright, poet, memoirist, essayist, and librettist. His most prominent works have been the play The Body of an American and the poetry collection War Reporter. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for 2015–16. His play The House in Scarsdale: A Memoir for the Stage was the winner of the 2018 PEN America Award for Drama.

Williamstown Theatre Festival
The Williamstown Theatre Festival is a resident summer theater on the campus of Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1954 by Williams College news director Ralph Renzi and drama program chairman David C. Bryant. It was awarded a Tony Award in 2002 and the Massachusetts Cultural Council Commonwealth Award in 2011.
2012–13 Premiership Rugby
The 2012–13 Aviva Premiership was the 26th season of the top-flight English domestic rugby union competition and the third one to be sponsored by Aviva. The reigning champions entering the season were Harlequins, who had claimed their first title after defeating Leicester Tigers in the 2012 final. London Welsh had been promoted as champions from the 2011–12 RFU Championship, their first promotion to the top flight.

Aviva
Aviva plc is a British multinational insurance company headquartered in London, England. It has about 25.2 million customers across its core markets of the United Kingdom, Ireland and Canada. In the United Kingdom, Aviva is the largest general insurer and a leading life and pensions provider. Aviva is also the second largest general insurer in Canada.

Aviva has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange, and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
Eugeniusz Cebrat
Eugeniusz Cebrat (born 25 February 1955) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Born in Mysłowice, his career started in a local team of Górnik Wesoła. In 1971, he moved to GKS Tychy, where in 1976 he became vice-champion of Poland. After several years in Tychy and a short stint with Śląsk Wrocław, in 1983 he moved to Górnik Zabrze,. Later, he played for German FC Gütersloh and, after returning to Poland, in Stal Stalowa Wola. He earned six caps for the Poland national team.

GKS Tychy
GKS Tychy is a Polish professional football club, based in Tychy, that competes in the Polish I liga. The club was founded in 1971. It played in the Ekstraklasa between 1974–1977 and 1995–1997. Their biggest success was a second-place finish in the 1975–76 Ekstraklasa season.
The Man Who Invented Christmas (film)
The Man Who Invented Christmas is a 2017 Christmas biographical comedy drama film about Charles Dickens directed by Bharat Nalluri and written by Susan Coyne. Based on Les Standiford's 2008 book of the same name, it stars Dan Stevens, Christopher Plummer, and Jonathan Pryce, and follows Dickens (Stevens) as he conceives and writes A Christmas Carol.

The film was produced by Parallel Film and Rhombus Media. It was released by Bleecker Street in the United States on 22 November 2017, and by Thunderbird Releasing in the United Kingdom on 1 December 2017. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

Bleecker Street (company)
Bleecker Street Media LLC is an  American independent film company that specializes in film distribution. The company is based in New York City and named after 65 Bleecker Street, the street address of founder Andrew Karpen's prior company Focus Features. Founded in 2014, the studio was established with the goal to distribute "smart house" films that combine the entertainment of studio blockbusters with the artistic indie allure.
Skalice (Frýdek-Místek)
Skalice (Polish: Skalica, German: Skalitz) is a village and administrative part of Frýdek-Místek in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of Frýdek-Místek in 1980. It has about 1,400 inhabitants. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

Moravian-Silesian Region
The Moravian-Silesian Region (Czech: Moravskoslezský kraj) is one of the 14 administrative regions of the Czech Republic. Before May 2001, it was called the Ostrava Region (Czech: Ostravský kraj). The region is located in the north-eastern part of its historical region of Moravia and in most of the Czech part of the historical region of Silesia. The region borders the Olomouc Region to the west and the Zlín Region to the south. It also borders two other countries – Poland (Opole and Silesian Voivodeships) to the north and Slovakia (Žilina Region) to the east.

It is a highly industrialized region, its capital Ostrava was actually called the "Steel Heart of the Republic". In addition, it has several mountainous areas where the landscape is relatively preserved. Nowadays, the economy of the region benefits from its location in the Czech/Polish/Slovak borderlands.
Bob Latchford
Robert Dennis Latchford (born 18 January 1951) is an English former footballer who played as a centre forward. He made more than 500 appearances in the Football League, playing for Birmingham City, Everton, Swansea City and Coventry City in the First Division, and represented England at youth and under-23 levels before making 12 appearances at senior level.

England national under-18 football team
England national under-18 football team, also known as England under-18s or England U18(s), represents England in association football at under-18 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.

The team competed in the FIFA International Youth Tournament (later taken over by UEFA) and its successor, the UEFA European Under-18 Championship, and was often referred to as England Youth. After the tournament was renamed the European Under-18 Championship, England won twice more, in 1980 and 1993. In 1997, eligibility rules changed and the competition was rebranded as the UEFA European Under-19 Championship in 2001.

Nowadays, the under-18 banner is used for participation in international friendlies. The 2017 Toulon Tournament was also composed largely of under-18 players.
Mwari
Mwari is the supreme creator deity according to Shona and Venda traditional religion. It is believed that Mwari is the author of all things and all life and all is in him. The majority of this deity's followers are concentrated in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Mwari (Mwali) is an omnipotent being, who rules over spirits and is the Supreme God of the religion.

The same deity is applied and also referred to as Inkhosi in Northern and Southern Ndebele traditional religion. Mwari's reverence dates back to the age of the ancient king Monomotapa, of the Mutapa Kingdom on the Zambezi River.

Southern Ndebele people
Southern Ndebele people, also known in English by their endonym AmaNdebele, are a Bantu ethnic group native to Southern Africa who speak Southern Ndebele language (isiNdebele).

The group is separate from the Northern Ndebele who broke away from the Zulu  during Shaka's time. The Southern Ndebele people mainly inhabit the South African provinces of Mpumalanga, Gauteng and Limpopo in the middle-northeast of the South Africa.
In academia this ethnic group is referred to as the Southern Ndebele to differentiate it from their relatives, the Northern Ndebele people, of the historical Matabeleland of Zimbabwe and the adjoining northernmost South African provinces of Limpopo and North West.
Mac OS nanokernel
The Mac OS nanokernel is an operating system kernel that serves as the basis of most PowerPC based system software versions 7 through 9 of the classic Mac OS, predating Mac OS X.

The initial revision of this software is a single tasking system which delegates most tasks to an emulator running the Motorola 68000 series (68k) version of the operating system. The second major revision supports multitasking, multiprocessing, and message passing, and would be more properly called a microkernel. Unlike the 68k-derived Mac OS kernel running within it, the PowerPC kernel exists in a protected memory space and executes device drivers in user mode.

The nanokernel is very different from the Copland OS microkernel, although they were created in succession with similar goals.

Message passing
In computer science, message passing is a technique for invoking behavior (i.e., running a program) on a computer. The invoking program sends a message to a process (which may be an actor or object) and relies on that process and its supporting infrastructure to then select and run some appropriate code. Message passing differs from conventional programming where a process, subroutine, or function is directly invoked by name. Message passing is key to some models of concurrency and object-oriented programming.

Message passing is ubiquitous in modern computer software. It is used as a way for the objects that make up a program to work with each other and as a means for objects and systems running on different computers (e.g., the Internet) to interact. Message passing may be implemented by various mechanisms, including channels.
Byrsonima crassifolia
Byrsonima crassifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Malpighiaceae, native to tropical America. Common names used in English include nance, maricao cimun, craboo, and golden spoon. In Jamaica it is called hogberry.

The plant is valued for its small (between one, and one and a quarter centimeter in diameter) round, sweet yellow fruit which is strongly scented. The fruits have a very pungent and distinct flavor and smell. When jarred, their texture resembles that of a green or kalamata olive.

Malpighiaceae
Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises about 71 genera and 1315 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics. About 80% of the genera and 90% of the species occur in the New World (the Caribbean and the southernmost United States to Argentina) and the rest in the Old World (Africa, Madagascar, and Indomalaya to New Caledonia and the Philippines).

One useful species in the family is Malpighia emarginata, often called acerola. The fruit is consumed in areas where the plant is native. The plant is cultivated elsewhere for the fruit, which is rich in vitamin C.

Another member of the family, caapi or yagé (Banisteriopsis caapi), is used in the entheogenic brew known as ayahuasca.

One feature found in several members of this family, and rarely in others, is providing pollinators with rewards other than pollen or nectar; this is commonly in the form of nutrient oils (resins are offered by Clusiaceae).
Portrait of Lady Molyneux
Portrait of Lady Molyneux is a 1769 portrait painting by the British artist Thomas Gainsborough. It depicts the English aristocrat Isabella Molyneux, Countess of Sefton. It was commissioned shortly after her wedding to the Irish politician Viscount Molyneux, who soon afterwards was made Earl of Sefton.

The painting was produced in the fashionable spa town of Bath in Somerset where Gainsborough then had his practice. He chose to display at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1769 in London, the first ever Summer Exhibition held by the Royal Academy, of which he was a founded member. The painting hung at the family seat Croxteth Hall for two centuries before coming into the possession of the Walker Art Gallery in Liverpool.

Croxteth Hall
Croxteth Hall is a country estate and Grade II* listed building in the West Derby suburb of Liverpool, England. It is the former country estate and ancestral home of the Molyneux family, the Earls of Sefton. After the death of the seventh and last Earl in 1972, the estate passed to Liverpool City Council, which now manages the remainder of the estate following the sale of approximately half of the grounds. The remaining grounds, Croxteth Park, were at one time a hunting chase of the Molyneux family and are now open to the public.
First Lutheran Church (Houston)
First Lutheran in Houston (also known as First Evangelical Lutheran Church in Houston) is a historic Lutheran church at 1311 Holman Street in Houston, Texas. Originally part of the Evangelical Synod of North America, It is part of the North American Lutheran Church (NALC). The current church building was constructed in 1927 in a Lombard Romanesque style. The church building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Evangelical Synod of North America
The Evangelical Synod of North America (ESNA), before 1927 German Evangelical Synod of North America (German: (Deutsche) Evangelische Synode von Nord-Amerika), was a Protestant Christian denomination in the United States existing from the mid-19th century until its 1934 merger with the Reformed Church in the United States to form the Evangelical and Reformed Church. This church merged with the Congregational Christian Churches in 1957 to create the United Church of Christ.
The Lost Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci
The Lost Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci is a supplement published by R. Talsorian Games (RTG) in 1995 for the steampunk role-playing game Castle Falkenstein. Critics were disappointed by the book, saying that its contents were interesting but not particularly useful.

Castle Falkenstein (role-playing game)
Castle Falkenstein is a fantasy role-playing game (RPG) designed by Mike Pondsmith and originally published by R. Talsorian Games in 1994. The game is named for a legendary unbuilt castle in the Bavarian Alps.  Players play the roles of gallant adventurers who take on quests of intrigue and derring-do in the spirit of Victorian adventures such as The Prisoner of Zenda.
Aranmula Assembly constituency
Aranmula State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Pathanamthitta Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 assembly elections, the current MLA is Veena George of CPI(M).

Pathanamthitta Lok Sabha constituency
Pathanamthitta Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 20 Lok Sabha constituencies in Kerala state in southern India. It is a newly formed constituency in the Central Travancore region of Kerala for the election of a member of the Lok Sabha.

The district, which was previously fragmented into different parliamentary constituencies, was unified into a single Parliamentary constituency as per the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly. Constituenciesc Order, 2008.
Adjudicative competence
Adjudicative competence, also referred to as competence to stand trial, is a legal construct describing the criminal defendant's ability to understand and participate in legal proceedings. This includes the defendant's current ability to participate in various pleas and waivers of rights. It is unrelated to  any possibility of an  insanity plea. It is also  unrelated to  the ability of the defendant to represent himself, or to any evaluation of mitigation factors.  In the United States, the definition of adjudicative competence was provided by the United States Supreme Court in Dusky v. United States.

An empirical basis for the clinical assessment of competence has not yet been established.

Mitigating factor
In criminal law, a mitigating factor, also known as an extenuating circumstance, is any information or evidence presented to the court regarding the defendant or the circumstances of the crime that might result in reduced charges or a lesser sentence. Unlike a legal defense, the presentation of mitigating factors will not result in the acquittal of a defendant. The opposite of a mitigating factor is an aggravating factor.
Chita (film)
Chita (also called Cheetah) is a 2005 Indian  vigilante action film made in Bengali language, directed by T. L. V. Prasad, starring Mithun Chakraborty and Rambha in the lead roles. The film is one among the 26 collaboration between the lead actor Mithun Chakraborty and director T. L. V. Prasad, a record certified by Limca Book of Records.

The film is also popular for its famous dialogue Shaaper chobol aar cheetar khabol, jekhane porbey arai kg mangsho tuley nebe.. (A snake's bite and the leopard's paw, takes out 2.5 kg of flesh wherever it falls on..) delivered by actor Mithun Chakraborty.

Limca Book of Records
The Limca Book of Records is an annual reference book published in India documenting world records held by Indians. The records are further categorised into education, literature, agriculture, medical science, business, sports, nature, adventure, radio and cinema.

The Limca Book of Records is published in English and is a promotional tool of Limca, a soft drink brand, owned by the Coca Cola Company, it is a localised equivalent of the Guinness World Records.
John H. Day
John Hemsworth Osborne-Day (25 August 1909 – 24 April 1989 ) was a South African marine biologist and invertebrate zoologist who was born in Sussex and who died in Knysna. He is best known for his work on the taxonomy of Polychaeta and for his studies on the ecology of South African estuaries.

Knysna
Knysna (/ˈnaɪznə/; Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈnəisna]) is a coastal town with 76,150 inhabitants (as of 2019) in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is one of the destinations in the lush Garden Route region.

Knysna is situated 60 kilometres east of the city of George, and 33 kilometres west of Plettenberg Bay, on the N2 freeway.
Allylic rearrangement
An allylic rearrangement or allylic shift is an organic chemical reaction in which reaction at a center vicinal to a double bond causes the double bond to shift to an adjacent pair of atoms:

It is encountered in both nucleophilic and electrophilic substitution, although it is usually suppressed relative to non-allylic substitution.  For example, reaction of 1-chloro-2-butene with sodium hydroxide gives 2-buten-1-ol and 3-buten-2-ol:

In the similar substitution of 1-chloro-3-methyl-2-butene, the secondary 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol is produced in a yield of 85%, while that for the primary 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol is 15%.

Allylic shifts occur because the transition state is an allyl intermediate.  In other respects they are similar to classical nucleophilic substitution, and admit both bimolecular and monomolecular mechanisms (respectively the SN2' and SN1'/SNi' substitutions).

Vicinal (chemistry)
In chemistry the descriptor vicinal (from Latin vicinus = neighbor), abbreviated vic, is a descriptor that identifies two functional groups as bonded to two adjacent carbon atoms (i.e., in a 1,2-relationship).  It may arise from vicinal difunctionalization.
David K. Alderdice
David King Alderdice,  OBE, FRCPI (born 2 June 1966) is a Northern Irish politician, medical doctor and clergyman. He was the Lord Mayor of Belfast and is President of the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland.

People of Northern Ireland
People from Northern Ireland are those born in Northern Ireland who, at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who is a British citizen, an Irish citizen, or otherwise entitled to reside in Northern Ireland indefinitely under the Belfast Agreement.

Most Northern Irish people either identify as British, Northern Irish, Irish, or a combination thereof. The 20th century conflict known as The Troubles, which ended in effect in 1999, was primarily caused by tensions between people who had these different identites, and their connections to religion (Anglican protestants and Catholics).
Solihull College
Solihull College & University Centre is a further education college located in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, in the West Midlands, England. The College has two main campuses: the Blossomfield Campus near central Solihull, and the Woodlands Campus based in Smith's Wood, north Solihull. The Principal of the College is Rebecca Gater.

Solihull College offers full-time, part-time, higher education courses, apprenticeships and bespoke employment training. Facilities include an animal welfare centre, virtual reality lab, industry-standard science labs and health & care skills suite at Blossomfield Campus and aircraft hangar and flight simulators, plus motor vehicle and construction workshops at Woodlands Campus.

In February 2018 the College merged with Stratford-upon-Avon College, increasing the size and influence of the combined college in the region. As of 2022 there have been no announcements that university college status will be forthcoming.

University college
In a number of countries, a university college is a college institution that provides tertiary education but does not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies from country to country.
Several institutions worldwide take this name (see: list of university colleges).
Kristin Carson-Chahhoud
Kristin Carson-Chahhoud is an Australian medical researcher specialising in lung health. She is an associate professor at the University of South Australia, heading a research group in the Adelaide Medical School. Specialising in respiratory medicine, tobacco control and management of tobacco-related illnesses, Carson aims to close the gap between clinical research trials and real-world patient care.

Pulmonology
Pulmonology (/ˌpʌlməˈnɒlədʒi/, /ˌpʊlməˈnɒlədʒi/, from Latin pulmō, -ōnis "lung" and the Greek suffix -λογία -logía "study of"), pneumology (/nʊˈmɒlədʒi, njʊ-/, built on Greek πνεύμων pneúmōn "lung") or pneumonology (/nʊmənˈɒlədʒi, njʊ-/) is a medical specialty that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract. It is also known as respirology, respiratory medicine, or chest medicine in some countries and areas.

Pulmonology is considered a branch of internal medicine, and is related to intensive care medicine. Pulmonology often involves managing patients who need life support and mechanical ventilation. Pulmonologists are specially trained in diseases and conditions of the chest, particularly pneumonia, asthma, tuberculosis, emphysema, and complicated chest infections.

Pulmonology/respirology departments work especially closely with certain other specialties: cardiothoracic surgery departments and cardiology departments.
Swimming at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's 100 metre butterfly S13
The men's 100m butterfly S13 event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place at the  London Aquatics Centre on 31 August. There were two heats; the swimmers with the seven fastest times advanced to the final, while because of tied times in the heats the eighth final place was decided by a swim-off.

London Aquatics Centre
The London Aquatics Centre is an indoor facility with two 50-metre (164-foot) swimming pools and a 25-metre (82-foot) diving pool in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. The centre, designed by architect Zaha Hadid as one of the main venues of the 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics, was used for the swimming, diving and synchronised swimming events. After significant modification, the centre opened to the public in March 2014.
Tõravere
Tõravere is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Nõo Parish, Tartu County, in southern Estonia. It is located about 5 km northeast of the town of Elva and about 20 km southwest of the city of Tartu. Tõravere has a population of 289 (as of 1 January 2012).

Tõravere is best known as the location of Estonian biggest professional astronomical science centre Tartu Observatory.

Tõravere has a station on link between Tartu and Valga.

Tõravere was first mentioned in 1582 as Terrawera.

Tõravere railway station

Street in Tõravere

Estonian biggest telescope inside the observatory.

Tõravere weather station

Tartu County
Tartu County (Estonian: Tartu maakond or Tartumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia.

It is located in eastern Estonia, and it borders Põlva County, Valga County, Viljandi County, and Jõgeva County.

The area of Tartu County is 2,992.74 km2 (1,155.50 sq mi), which covers 6.9% of the territory of Estonia. In 2022 Tartu County had a population of 157,758 – constituting 11.9% of the total population in Estonia. The city of Tartu is the centre of the county located at a distance of 186 km (116 mi) from Tallinn. Tartu County is divided into 8 local governments – 1 urban and 7 rural municipalities.