hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mester de Juglaría
Mester de juglaría ("Ministry of jongleury") is a Spanish literature genre from the 12th and 13th centuries, comprising oral poetry performed by "juglares". Examples include epics such as the Cantar de Mio Cid and ballads in the romancero tradition. Mester de juglaría has generally been contrasted with the genre of Mester de clerecía, comprising the literary poetry written by clerics. Compared to the poets of the Mester de Clerecía, juglares were uneducated, dealt with popular topics, and used simple language and irregular metric forms. However, in the twentieth century, critics began to question the rigid distinction between these two genres.

According to Ramón Menéndez Pidal, in his study of the poetry of juglares and the origins of romantic literature (Madrid 1957), the word juglar comes from the Latin jocularis, joculator, and it signifes "joker, or man of jokes." The word mester is said to derive from Latin ministerium, meaning "minister" and, at that time, "official."

Minstrel
A minstrel was an entertainer, initially in medieval Europe. The term originally described any type of entertainer such as a musician, juggler, acrobat, singer or fool; later, from the sixteenth century, it came to mean a specialist entertainer who sang songs and played musical instruments.
Thomas Strüngmann
Thomas Strüngmann (born 1950) is a German billionaire investor, businessman, and entrepreneur. He has built his fortunes with his life-long partner and identical twin, Andreas Strüngmann, mainly through his success in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sectors. Based at his single family office, Athos KG, Thomas manages, together with his brother, their total family assets expected to be worth roughly $30 billion, which positions the brothers among the wealthiest Germans.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Ankita Shorey
Ankita Shorey, is an Indian actress, model, and beauty pageant titleholder, who was crowned the Femina Miss International 2011, and represented India at the Miss International 2011. She was featured in the Canadian documentary: The World Before Her, presented by Anurag Kashyap, and was written and directed by Nisha Pahuja.

Femina Miss India
Miss India, also known as Femina Miss India, is a national beauty pageant in India that selects representatives to compete in the Miss World competition, one of the Big Four international beauty pageants. It is organized by Femina, a women's magazine published by The Times Group.

The current Femina Miss India World is Nikita Porwal from Madhya Pradesh. She was crowned by the previous titleholder, Nandini Gupta, on 16 October 2024 in Mumbai.
Praniti Shinde
Praniti Sushilkumar Shinde (born 9 December 1980) is an Indian politician from Maharashtra. She is a Member of Parliament from Solapur Lok Sabha constituency. She is a member of Indian National Congress Party and was a three-time Maharashtra Member of Legislative Assembly, elected from Solapur City Central constituency. She is also Working President of Maharashtra Pradesh Congress Committee from 2021 and member of the screening committee of Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee for assembly elections.

Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee
Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee (Kerala PCC or KPCC)is the Kerala state unit of the Indian National Congress. It is responsible for organizing and coordinating the party's activities and campaigns within the state, as well as selecting candidates for local, state, and national elections. The INC currently leads the UDF alliance, the Opposition in the Kerala Legislative Assembly.

Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee was first convened in 1921 at Ottapalam in northern Kerala (in the presence of the T. Prakasam).
Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor (Tchaikovsky)
Russian composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky wrote his Piano Sonata in C-sharp minor in 1865, his last year as a student at the St Petersburg Conservatory. The four-movement work was not published during the composer's lifetime, but Tchaikovsky did transpose, adapt and orchestrate its third movement to create the Scherzo of his Symphony No. 1 in G minor, Op. 13. The sonata itself was eventually published in 1900 by P. Jurgenson but with the misleading posthumous opus number "80"; it is more properly catalogued in the 2002 Tchaikovsky Handbook as "TH 123." The four movements are:

Allegro con fuoco (C-sharp minor) 44

Andante (A major) 34

Allegro vivo (C-sharp minor) 38

Allegro vivo (C-sharp minor) 22

The sonata ends in the tonic major, in the enharmonic spelling of D-flat major.

Tchaikovsky went on to write a Second Piano Sonata, in G Major, in 1878, which was published as Op. 37.

A major
A major is a major scale based on A, with the pitches A, B, C♯, D, E, F♯, and G♯. Its key signature has three sharps. Its relative minor is F-sharp minor and its parallel minor is A minor.

The A major scale is:

Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The A harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

In the treble, alto, and bass clefs, the G♯ in the key signature is placed higher than C♯. However, in the tenor clef, it would require a ledger line and so G♯ is placed lower than C♯.
Ed Barnard
Edward George Barnard (born 20 November 1995) is an English cricketer who plays for Warwickshire County Cricket Club. A batting all-rounder, he bowls right-arm fast-medium, and bats right-handed. He made his first-class debut for Worcestershire against Hampshire in May 2015. Barnard joined Warwickshire at the end of the 2022 season and signed a two-year contract extension in March 2025.

All-rounder
An all-rounder is a cricketer who regularly performs well at both batting and bowling. Although all bowlers must bat and quite a handful of batsmen do bowl occasionally, most players are skilled in only one of the two disciplines and are considered specialists. Some wicket-keepers have the skills of a specialist batter and have been referred to as all-rounders, but the term wicket-keeper-batter is more commonly applied to them, even if they are substitute wicket keepers who also bowl.
Žiče, Slovenske Konjice
Žiče (pronounced [ˈʒiːtʃɛ]; German: Seitzdorf) is a village in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the right bank of the Dravinja River near its confluence with Žičnica Creek, a minor right tributary that flows just south of the village. It is best known for the Žiče Charterhouse, a 12th-century monastery that is not actually in the settlement, but 6 km further up the valley of Žičnica Creek. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Dravinja
The Dravinja (German: Drann, pronounced [dʁan] ⓘ) is the largest tributary of the Drava River in Slovenia. It is 73 kilometres (45 mi) long. Its source is on the Pohorje Massif southwest of Mount Rogla about 1,150 m above sea level. The river passes Zreče, the town of Slovenske Konjice, the ruins of the fort at Zbelovo, Poljčane, Makole, Štatenberg Castle, Majšperk, and Videm pri Ptuju, where it merges with the Drava. Its main tributary is the Polskava River.

The Dravinja is the best-preserved lowland river in Slovenia and has been protected as part of the European Natura 2000 network. In addition, the river is distinguished by the Pečnik Mill, which has been proclaimed an ethnological monument.
Peter Moylan
Peter Michael Moylan (born 2 December 1978) is an Australian former professional baseball player and current television sports commentator. In 2003, he played in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) as a member of the Macoto Gida team, and from 2006 to 2018 he played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a right-handed relief pitcher for the Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Dodgers and Kansas City Royals. He featured a mid-90s miles per hour fastball and threw sidearm. After his playing career Moylan became a baseball analyst covering the Atlanta Braves for the Fox Sports South network (now known as FanDuel Sports Network).

Australian Baseball League
The Australian Baseball League (ABL) is a professional baseball league in Australia. The league is governed by the Australian Baseball Federation (ABF). It uses the same name as a now-defunct competition held during the 1990s, and though it shares some history of the original league with the Claxton Shield awarded to winners of both competitions, it is considered to be a separate competition.

Because the ABL's season takes place from November to February, the ABL is one of baseball's recognised winter leagues (although it is summer in Australia when the season takes place), where minor-league prospects in North America are often assigned as an English-speaking alternative to the primary Spanish-speaking Latin America-based winter leagues.
Persian ritual music
Persian ritual music (sometimes called Iranian Ritual Music) (Persian: موسیقی مذهبی ایران) is a type of Persian music which is used for religious ceremonies.

Persian religious music can be used for various religions which are practiced in Persia/Persis such as Islam and Zoroastrianism.

The ethnomusicologists such as Mohammad-Taghi Massoudieh did research about Persian ritual music. Massoudieh also published a book in Persian on this issue.

Persis
Persis, also called Persia proper, is a historical region in south-western Iran, roughly corresponding with Fars province. Iranian speaking peoples, also known as Iranic speaking peoples, are thought to have initially migrated either from Central Asia or, more probably, from the north through the Caucasus giving rise to the ethnic group later known as Persians. They would then have migrated to the current region of Persis in the early 1st millennium BC.
1981 Stowe Grand Prix – Doubles
Bob Lutz and Bernard Mitton were the defending champions, but Mitton chose to compete at Montreal during the same week, reaching the semifinals.

Lutz teamed up with Brian Gottfried and lost in the final to Johan Kriek and Larry Stefanki. The score was 2–6, 6–1, 6–2.

Johan Kriek
Johan Christiaan Kriek (born April 5, 1958) is a South African–American former professional tennis player. He won two Australian Open titles, beating Steve Denton in four sets in the 1981 final and the same opponent in the 1982 final in straight sets, when he tamed Denton's cannonball serve and "relentlessly whipped winners past him from all angles of the court". He reached the semifinals at the French Open and US Open, as well as the quarterfinals of the Wimbledon Championships. Kriek won 14 professional singles and eight doubles titles, reaching a career-high singles ranking of world No. 7 in September 1984.

He attended Afrikaanse Hoër Seunskool (Afrikaans High School for Boys, also known as Affies), a public school located in Pretoria.

Kriek became a naturalized American citizen in August 1982. He currently resides in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida with his wife, Daga and their children Karolina and Kristian.
CS Camelopardalis
CS Camelopardalis (CS Cam; HD 21291) is a binary star in reflection nebula VdB 14, in the constellation Camelopardalis. It is a 4th magnitude star, and is visible to the naked eye under good observing conditions.

It forms a group of stars known as the Camelopardalis R1 association, part of the Cam OB1 association.  The near-identical supergiant CE Camelopardalis is located half a degree to the south.

As a binary star, CS Cam is designated as Struve 385 (STF 385, Σ385).

The primary component, CS Camelopardalis A, is a blue-white B-type supergiant with a mean apparent magnitude of 4.21m. The star was found to be a variable star when the Hipparcos data was analyzed. It was given its variable star designation in 1999. It is classified as an Alpha Cygni type variable star and its brightness varies from magnitude 4.19m to 4.23m.  Its companion, CS Camelopardalis B, is a magnitude 8.7m blue giant star located 2.4 arcseconds from the primary.

Supergiant
Supergiants are among the most massive and most luminous stars. Supergiant stars occupy the top region of the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, with absolute visual magnitudes between about −3 and −8. The temperatures of supergiant stars range from about 3,400 K to over 20,000 K.
Nathan VanMetre House
Nathan VanMetre House is a historic home located near Martinsburg, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It was built in 1872, and is a two-story, eight bay wide rectangular brick house with a steeply pitched gable roof, in the Greek Revival style. The main section of the house is five bays wide.  Also on the property is a small brick smokehouse (1872), large bank barn (1872), garage (c. 1920), two silos (c. 1915 and c. 1920), and chicken house (c. 1920).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Martinsburg, West Virginia
Martinsburg is a city in Berkeley County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 18,773 at the 2020 census, making Martinsburg the largest city in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia and the sixth-most populous city in the state. It is a principal city of the Hagerstown–Martinsburg metropolitan area extending into Maryland, which had 293,844 residents in 2020.
SM UB-23
SM UB-23 was a German Type UB II submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 30 April 1915 and launched on 9 October 1915. She was commissioned into the Imperial German Navy on 13 March 1916 as SM UB-23. The submarine sank 51 ships in 21 patrols for a total of 33,880 gross register tons (GRT). On 26 July 1917, UB-23 was badly damaged by a depth charge attack by HMS PC-60 off the Lizard; she put in at Corunna, Spain, on 29 July 1917 and was interned. On 22 January 1919 she was surrendered to France in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany, and she was broken up in Cherbourg in July 1921.

A Coruña
A Coruña (Galician pronunciation: [ɐ koˈɾuɲɐ] ⓘ; in Spanish: La Coruña [la koˈɾuɲa] ⓘ; also informally called just Coruña; historical English: Corunna or The Groyne) is a city and municipality in Galicia, Spain. With a population of 249,255, it is the 2nd-largest city in Galicia behind Vigo. The city is the provincial capital of the province of A Coruña, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982.

A Coruña is located on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It is the main industrial and financial centre of northern Galicia, and holds the headquarters of the Universidade da Coruña. A Coruña is the city with the tallest mean-height of buildings in Spain, also featuring a population density of 21,972 inhabitants per square kilometre (56,910/sq mi) of built land area.
Steffen Toppe
Steffen Ingebriktsen Toppe (12 October 1902 – 28 July 1979) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Hamre Municipality. Toppe was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Hordaland in 1965. He had previously served as a deputy representative in the periods 1958–1961 and 1961–, shortly into which the regular representative Hjalmar Olai Storeide died and was replaced by Toppe. He was not re-elected in 1969.

Toppe was a member of the municipal council of Åsane Municipality from 1933 until 1961, except during the years of World War II. He served as deputy mayor in 1945–1947, 1947–1951, 1951–1953, 1955–1959, and 1959–1961 with a short spell as mayor in 1954–1955.

Åsane Municipality
Åsane is a former municipality in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The 71.2-square-kilometre (27.5 sq mi) municipality existed from 1904 until its dissolution in 1972. The area is now part of Bergen Municipality in the traditional district of Midhordland in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Eidsvåg. The municipality encompassed the northern part of the Bergen Peninsula, roughly corresponding to the present-day borough of Åsane, north of the city centre of Bergen. The main church for the municipality was Åsane Church.

Prior to its dissolution in 1972, the 71.2-square-kilometre (27.5 sq mi) municipality was the 404th largest by area out of the 449 municipalities in Norway. Åsane Municipality was the 35th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 18,161. The municipality's population density was 255.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (661/sq mi) and its population had increased by 76.6% over the previous 10-year period.
Hana Svobodová
Hana Svobodová is a Czech model and beauty pageant titleholder who one of the three winners from the twelve (12) finalists of the nationwide search, Czech Miss, the Czech national beauty pageant which selects candidates for the international beauty competitions Miss Universe, Miss Earth, and Miss Intercontinental. The Ceska Miss 2008 edition was  held on February 2, 2008. As the pageant runner-up, Svobodova represented Czech Republic in the global search for Miss Earth 2008 beauty pageant in November 2008.

She is a student at the Masaryk University in Brno. She is studying Government Administration.

Miss Universe
Miss Universe is an annual international major beauty pageant that is run by the Thailand and Mexican-based Miss Universe Organization. Along with Miss World, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The Miss Universe Organization and its brand is owned by JKN Global Group and Legacy Holding Group USA Inc., an American division of Mexican company Legacy Holding through the joint venture company JKN Legacy Inc. Telemundo had the licensing rights to air the pageant through 2023. The pageant's advocacy is "humanitarian issues and is a voice to affect positive change in the world".

The reigning Miss Universe is Fátima Bosch from Mexico who was crowned on November 20, 2025, in Pak Kret, Thailand.
Wayne Belardi
Carroll Wayne Belardi (September 5, 1930 – October 21, 1993) was an American professional baseball player. The first baseman and native of St. Helena, California, appeared in 263 games in Major League Baseball over all or parts of six seasons (1950–1951; 1953–1956) for the Brooklyn Dodgers and Detroit Tigers. He threw and batted left-handed, stood 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and weighed 185 pounds (84 kg).

St. Helena, California
St. Helena (/həˈliːnə/ hə-LEE-nə) is a city in Napa County, California, United States. Located in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the population was 5,430 at the 2020 census.

St. Helena is a popular tourist destination, owing to its vineyards and culinary scene. The city is the center of St. Helena American Viticultural Area (AVA), which expands 9,060 acres (14 sq mi) of the Napa Valley with over 400 vineyards encompassing 6,800 acres (2,800 ha) of cultivation. St. Helena is the location of The Culinary Institute of America at Greystone and a campus of Napa Valley College.
Cheliya
Cheliya is one of the Aanaas in the Oromia of Ethiopia. Part of the West Shewa Zone, Cheliya is bordered on the south by Nono and Dano, on the southwest by the Gibe River which separates it from the Jimma Zone, on the west by Bako Tibe, on the northwest by the Guder River which separates it from the Horo Gudru Welega Zone, on the north by Ginde Beret, on the northeast by Jeldu, on the east by Ambo, and on the southeast by Tikur. The administrative center of this Aanaa is Gedo; other towns in Cheliya include Babiche, Ejaji, and Hamus Gebeya. Midakegn woreda was separated form Cheliya.

Gudar River
The Gudar is a river of central Ethiopia. It is a left-bank tributary of the Abay or Blue Nile; tributaries of the Gudar include the Dabissa and the Taranta. The Gudar River has a drainage area about 7,011 square kilometers in size. It was bounded by the historical Endagabatan province.

In the 1600s, emperor Susenyos I and his troops traversed this river to meet Hadiya leader Sidi Mohammed at the Battle of Hadiya.

A Greek resident built the first bridge over the Gudar in 1897.
Disneynature
Disneynature is an American independent film studio that specializes in the production of nature documentary films for Walt Disney Studios, a division of Disney Entertainment, which is owned by The Walt Disney Company. Disneynature was founded on April 21, 2008, and is headquartered in Burbank, California.

The company's nature films are consistently budgeted between $5 million to $10 million, with their distribution and marketing handled by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. The label's event films are released on Earth Day and have a conservation campaign based on the feature of the film with an appropriate conservation charity receiving donations based on tickets sold, at a pace of one per year. The eight Disneynature theatrical films have a gross of $328.3 million at the worldwide box office, from a combined total budget of $162 million, with Earth the top earner at $109 million.

Nature documentary
A nature documentary or wildlife documentary is a genre of documentary film or series about animals, plants, or other non-human living creatures. Nature documentaries usually concentrate on video taken in the subject's natural habitat, but often including footage of trained and captive animals, too. Sometimes they are about wildlife or ecosystems in relationship to human beings. Such programmes are most frequently made for television, particularly for public broadcasting channels, but some are also made for the cinema. The proliferation of this genre occurred almost simultaneously alongside the production of similar television series which is distributed across the world.
Princess Olufemi-Kayode
Princess Olufemi-Kayode Listenⓘ (also known as Modupe Olufemi-Kayode) is a Nigerian criminal justice psychologist and prominent child rights activist. Olufemi-Kayode became an Ashoka fellow in 2007.

She is the Executive Director of Media Concern for Women and Children Initiative (MEDIACON), a non-profit organisation that provides trauma counseling, legal advocacy, and crisis intervention for child victims of sexual abuse and exploitation. The organization also trains professionals and raises public awareness to prevent abuse and improve support systems.

Criminal justice
Criminal justice is the delivery of justice when a crime is committed. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include retribution, reformation and rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and the prison system.
Harbuz
Harbuz (Гарбуз, sometimes transliterated as Garbuz) is a Belarusian and Ukrainian surname literally meaning "pumpkin". Notable people with the surname include:

Ann Alexandra Harbuz, Canadian artist

Hleb Harbuz, Belarusian handball player

Ion Harbuz, Bessarabian politician

Konstantin Garbuz, Russian footballer

Oleksandr Harbuz, soldier of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

Volodymyr Harbuz,  Ukrainian painter and graphic artist

Yair Garbuz, Israeli artist

Yuriy Harbuz,  Ukrainian politician

Yair Garbuz
Yair Garbuz (Hebrew: יאיר גרבוז; born 29 September 1945) is an Israeli artist, writer, author, humorist and opinion journalist. He is a recipient of the 2004 EMET Prize in painting and was director of the HaMidrasha Art School at Beit Berl College for 12 years.