hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DNIX
DNIX (original spelling: D-Nix) is a discontinued Unix-like real-time operating system from the Swedish company Dataindustrier AB (DIAB). A version named ABCenix was developed for the ABC 1600 computer from Luxor. Daisy Systems also had a system named Daisy DNIX on some of their computer-aided design (CAD) workstations. It was unrelated to DIAB's product.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Rayleigh mixture distribution
In probability theory and statistics a Rayleigh mixture distribution is a weighted mixture of multiple probability distributions where the weightings are equal to the weightings of a Rayleigh distribution. Since the probability density function for a (standard) Rayleigh distribution is given by

Rayleigh mixture distributions have probability density functions of the form

where  is a well-defined probability density function or sampling distribution.

The Rayleigh mixture distribution is one of many types of compound distributions in which the appearance of a value in a sample or population might be interpreted as a function of other underlying random variables. Mixture distributions are often used in mixture models, which are used to express probabilities of sub-populations within a larger population.

Sampling distribution
In statistics, a sampling distribution or finite-sample distribution is the probability distribution of a given random-sample-based statistic. For an arbitrarily large number of samples where each sample, involving multiple observations (data points), is separately used to compute one value of a statistic (for example, the sample mean or sample variance) per sample, the sampling distribution is the probability distribution of the values that the statistic takes on. In many contexts, only one sample (i.e., a set of observations) is observed, but the sampling distribution can be found theoretically.

Sampling distributions are important in statistics because they provide a major simplification en route to statistical inference. More specifically, they allow analytical considerations to be based on the probability distribution of a statistic, rather than on the joint probability distribution of all the individual sample values.
Hideki Omuro
Hideki Omuro (大室 秀樹, Ōmuro Hideki; born 25 July 1990) is a Japanese athlete specialising in the high hurdles. He represented his country at the 2017 World Championships without qualifying for the semifinals.

His personal bests are 13.52 seconds in the 110 metres hurdles (+1.5 m/s, Hiroshima 2017) and 7.80 seconds in the 60 metres hurdles (Tehran 2018).

2017 World Championships in Athletics
The 2017 IAAF World Championships, the sixteenth edition of the IAAF World Championships, were held from 4 to 13 August at London Stadium in London, United Kingdom. London was officially awarded the championships on 11 November 2011.
Dave Brown (ice hockey)
David James Brown (born October 12, 1962) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger who played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Philadelphia Flyers, Edmonton Oilers and San Jose Sharks. He was primarily known as an enforcer throughout his career. He is currently the Flyers' head of pro scouting.

Enforcer (ice hockey)
Enforcer is a role in ice hockey. The term is sometimes used synonymously with "fighter", "tough guy", or "goon". An enforcer's job is to deter and respond to dirty or violent play by the opposing team. When such play occurs, the enforcer is expected to respond aggressively, by fighting or checking the offender. Enforcers are expected to react particularly harshly to violence against star players or goalies.

Enforcers are different from pests, players who seek to agitate opponents and distract them from the game without necessarily fighting them. The pest's primary role is to draw penalties from opposing players, thus "getting them off their game", while not actually intending to fight the opposition player (although exceptions to this do occur). Pests and enforcers often play together on the same line, usually the fourth line. Another related role is the grinder, known for hard work and checking rather than scoring, but not necessarily for fighting.
Logotype (horse)
Logotype (Japanese: ロゴタイプ, foaled 10 March 2010) is a retired Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse and active sire. As a juvenile in 2012 he won two minor races in his first four starts before recording an upset victory in the Asahi Hai Futurity Stakes, which resulted in his taking the JRA Award for Best Two-Year-Old Colt. In the following spring he maintained his winning form by taking the Spring Stakes and then winning the Satsuki Sho in record time. He failed to win for over three years before taking the Yasuda Kinen as a six-year-old in 2016.

Nakayama Kinen
The Nakayama Kinen (中山記念, Nakayama Kinen) is a Grade 2 flat horse race in Japan for Thoroughbreds aged four and older run over a distance of 1,800 metres at the Nakayama Racecourse, Funabashi, Chiba. The race is run in late February or early March.

The race was first run in 1936. It was originally run twice a year, in spring and autumn, before a single annual race was established in 1952. Among the winners of the race have been Silence Suzuka, Victoire Pisa, Just A Way, and Panthalassa.
Galah panjang
Galah panjang is a traditional Malaysian tag game which is played on a long, narrow field. The attacking team's goal is to cross the field and then return to the starting line to win, while the defending team's players attempt to tag the attackers to eliminate them.

Tag (game)
Tag (also called chase, tig, it, tiggy, tips, tick, on-on and tip) is a playground game involving one or more players chasing other players in an attempt to "tag" and mark them out of play, typically by touching with a hand. There are many variations; most forms have no teams, scores, or equipment. Usually when a person is tagged, the tagger says, "It!", "Tag, you're 'It'!" or "Tag". The last one tagged during tag is "It" for the next round. The game is known by other names in various parts of the world, including "running and catching" in India,  "catch and cook" in the Middle East, "lelu" in Vanuatu, and "berek" in Poland.
Simple lens
In optics, a simple lens or singlet lens is a lens consisting of a single simple element. Typical examples include a magnifying glass or a lens in a pair of simple reading glasses.

Simple lenses are prone to aberrations, especially chromatic aberration. They cannot be used for precise imaging and make poor camera lenses.  They are commonly used for laser applications, however, where the beams are both monochromatic (minimizing chromatic aberration) and narrow (minimizing spherical aberration).

Some cameras  with fixed lenses have been made using a simple lens, usually a meniscus lens with the convex face facing outward. In such examples the lens aperture is made small and in some cases (such as the Kodak Brownie 127 camera), the film plane is curved to reduce the impact of aberrations.

Monochrome
A monochrome or monochromatic image, object or palette is composed of one color (or values of one color). Images using only shades of grey are called grayscale (typically digital) or black-and-white (typically analog). In physics, monochromatic light refers to electromagnetic radiation that contains a narrow band of wavelengths, which is a distinct concept.
Federalization of Buenos Aires
The federalization of Buenos Aires was the process by which the city of Buenos Aires, until then capital of the province of Buenos Aires, was politically separated from the latter to put it under direct control of the national government as a federal territory. That had been a constant aspiration of the other provinces of Argentina since the formation of the federation. However, harsh political debates around the issue prevented the federalization until 1880, more than sixty years and a long civil war later.

Argentine Declaration of Independence
The Independence of the Argentine Republic (or La Independencia de Argentina in Spanish) was declared on July 9, 1816, by the Congress of Tucumán. In reality, the congressmen who were assembled in Tucumán declared the independence of the United Provinces of South America, which is one of the official names of the Argentine Republic. The Federal League Provinces, at war with the United Provinces, were not allowed into the Congress. At the same time, several provinces from the Upper Peru that would later become part of present-day Bolivia, were represented at the Congress.
Civil Aviation Administration Denmark
55°39′01.46″N 012°31′19.95″E﻿ / ﻿55.6504056°N 12.5222083°E﻿ / 55.6504056; 12.5222083

Civil Aviation Administration Denmark (CAA-DK). (Danish: Statens Luftfartsvæsen, SLV) was the Danish government agency that oversaw all civil aviation in Denmark, including the autonomous areas of Greenland and the Faroe Islands.

CAA-DK, with its head office in Copenhagen, was part of the Danish Ministry of Transport (Danish: Transportministeriet). In addition to the regulation of civil aviation, it also operated the Bornholm Airport.

On 1 November 2010 the Danish Transport Authority (Danish: Trafikstyrelsen) and the Civil Aviation Administration - Denmark were merged to one administration. The name of the new administration is the Danish Transport Authority. The former CAA-DK attends to the same tasks as before and remains at the same address.

Danish Civil Aviation and Railway Authority
The Danish Civil Aviation and Railway Authority (Danish: Trafikstyrelsen) is the Danish government agency responsible for regulating, planning and safety relating to public transport in Denmark. 
The agency advises the ministry on policy and strategic development in transport, and is the administrator of the government's procurement of ferry and rail transport through public service obligations. It collects and publishes statistics related to public transport.

The agency was reorganised on 14 April 2010, and was from 2010 to 2021 a part of the larger Danish Transport, Construction and Housing Authority (Danish: Trafik-, Bygge- og Boligstyrelsen). By royal resolution on 23 January 2021, the Ministry of the Interior and Housing was established, and the Authority's areas of responsibility for housing and construction were transferred to the newly established Danish Housing and Planning Authority. The Authority's name was changed to Danish Civil Aviation and Railway Authority.
Neobathiea grandidierana
Neobathiea grandidierana is a species of orchid from Madagascar and the Comoros.  It is named after the French naturalist Alfred Grandidier. Among the six described species of Neobathiea, this species is the most widely distributed within Madagascar, occurring in Antsiranana, Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, and Toliara.   In the Comoros, it occurs in Anjouan and Grande Comore.  The habitat of this species is humid forest on west-faching slopes at the elevation range of 1000-1650m.  It flowers from spring to early summer.

The long-spurred Neobathiea grandidierana from Madagascar is pollinated by a long-tongued sphinginid hawkmoth Panogena lingens with the pollinaria deposited on the basal part of the proboscis of the moth.

Antsiranana Province
Antsiranana is a former province of Madagascar with an area of 43,406 km2. It had a population of 1,188,425 (July 2001). Its capital was Antsiranana. A diversity of ethnic groups are found in the province, including Anjoaty, Sakalava, Antakarana, Tsimihety, Antemoro, Betsimisaraka, Antandroy, etc.
Stefania Residori
Stefania Residori is an Italian, French physicist who works in France as a research director at HOASYS SAS, an optical equipment company. Her research has involved optical chaos, rogue waves, slow light, holographic interferometry, and pattern formation in nonlinear optics and liquid crystals. At HOASYS SAS, she has also been involved in the development of equipment for spectral analysis of the eye and its applications in detecting eye disease.

Optical chaos
In the field of photonics, optical chaos is chaos generated by laser instabilities using different schemes in semiconductor and fiber lasers. Optical chaos is observed in many non-linear optical systems. One of the most common examples is an optical ring resonator.
Chōsen Railway Class 630
The Class 630 was a class of steam tank locomotives with 2-6-2 wheel arrangement operated by the Chōsen Railway in colonial Korea. The first five were built for the company by Kisha Seizō of Japan for use on the railway's Hwanghae Line; they were numbered 630 through 634 (works numbers 1113-1117); these were joined by an unknown number built by Nippon Sharyō in the same year.

After the Liberation and partition of Korea, these locomotives were taken over by the Korean State Railway of North Korea, and were likely scrapped after the conversion of the Hwanghae Line network to standard gauge in 1973. Their KSR numbering is unknown.

Korean State Railway
The Korean State Railway is the operating arm of the Ministry of Railways of North Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국 철도성; MR: Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk Ch'ŏltosŏng), commonly called the State Rail (Korean: 국철; MR: Kukch'ŏl). Its headquarters are in P'yŏngyang. The current Minister of Railways is Chang Jun-song.
Pete McGrath
Peter McGrath (born 6 June 1953), from Rostrevor, County Down, is an Irish former Gaelic footballer and current manager. He managed the Down senior football team to the All-Ireland titles in 1991 and 1994.

All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The Electric Ireland All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier under-17 "knockout" competition in Gaelic football played in Ireland. 2017 was the final year of the minor under 18 football championship as it was replaced by an under 17 championship following a vote at the GAA congress on 26 February 2016.

The series of games is organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is played during the summer months with the All-Ireland Minor Football Final being played on the third Sunday in September in Croke Park, Dublin as the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The winners received the Tom Markham Cup, which is named in honour of former Clare figure Tom Markham.
USS Manchester (CL-83)
USS Manchester was a Cleveland-class light cruiser of the United States Navy, which were built during World War II. The class was designed as a development of the earlier Brooklyn-class cruisers, the size of which had been limited by the First London Naval Treaty. The start of the war led to the dissolution of the treaty system, but the dramatic need for new vessels precluded a new design, so the Clevelands used the same hull as their predecessors, but were significantly heavier. The Clevelands carried a main battery of twelve 6-inch (152 mm) guns in four three-gun turrets, along with a secondary armament of twelve 5 in (127 mm) dual-purpose guns. They had a top speed of 32.5 knots (60.2 km/h; 37.4 mph).

The ship was laid down 25 September 1944 by the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation's Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts; launched 5 March 1946; sponsored by Mrs. Ernest J. Gladu; and commissioned 29 October 1946, Capt. Peter G. Hale in command.

London Naval Treaty
The London Naval Treaty, officially the Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armament, was an agreement between the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Italy, and the United States that was signed on 22 April 1930. Seeking to address issues not covered in the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, which had created tonnage limits for each nation's surface warships, the new agreement regulated submarine warfare, further controlled cruisers and destroyers, and limited naval shipbuilding.

Ratifications were exchanged in London on 27 October 1930, and the treaty went into effect on the same day, but it was largely ineffective.

The treaty was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 6 February 1931.
Statutory Orders and Regulations
Statutory Orders and Regulations (SOR) is a legal term and filing system that allows the Government of Canada to function by regulation subsidiary to legislation. SOR documents are published in the Canada Gazette.

Filing (law)
In law, filing is the delivery of a document to the clerk of a court and the acceptance of the document by the clerk for placement into the official record. If a document is delivered to the clerk and is temporarily placed or deposited with the court (but is not accepted for filing), it is said to have been lodged with or received by the court (but not filed). Courts will not consider motions unless an appropriate memorandum or brief is filed before the appropriate deadline. Usually a filing fee is paid which is part of court costs.
Southbury Training School
Southbury Training School is a large residential facility located in Southbury, Connecticut. It was built in the 1930s as a large state-funded and state-operated residential and habilitative facility for adults with intellectual disabilities. It consists of 125 buildings situated on a campus of 1,600 acres (6.5 km2). It independently operates its own power, heat, sewage treatment, water, laundry, fire, ambulance, public safety, building maintenance, transportation and dietary services. It is run by the Connecticut Department of Developmental Services. The facility is listed as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.

Connecticut Department of Developmental Services
The Connecticut Department of Developmental Services (DDS) is a state agency of Connecticut providing services to individuals with developmental disabilities and their families. Its headquarters are in Hartford. According to its official Twitter description, "CT DDS serves more than 20,000 individuals [with] intellectual disability and their families, including 4,000 infants and toddlers in the Birth to Three System."

In 2012, $30 million was cut from the DDS budget, and only $5 million was added back in 2014.
Delhi Shahdara Junction railway station
Delhi Shahdara Junction railway station (station code: DSA) is a railway station in the Shahdara district of Delhi. It is located on the Sahibabad Junction-Delhi Junction branch of the Delhi-Howrah main line. The station was opened in 1907 as part of the Shahdara–Saharanpur light railway built by Martin's Light Railways, which connected the station to Saharanpur in UP. It was closed in 1970 and reopened a few years later after the line was converted to broad gauge.

The station, which has four platforms and three radiating lines, is maintained by Northern Railways. As per the categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance, it is ranked NSG-3, and has also been classified as a 'sensitive' station.

Saharanpur
Saharanpur is a city and a municipal corporation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It is also the administrative headquarters of Saharanpur district.

Saharanpur city's name was given after the Saint Shah Haroon Chishti.

Saharanpur is declared as one among the 100 Smart Cities by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs as a part of Smart Cities Mission of the Government of India.
DWIS (Vigan)
DWIS (98.9 FM) was a radio station owned and operated by Southern Broadcasting Network. The station's studio and transmitter were located in Brgy. Cabaroan Laud, Vigan. It was shut down alongside DWSN on February 25, 2018.

Southern Broadcasting Network
Southern Broadcasting Network, Inc. (SBN) is a Filipino media company based in Mandaluyong, Philippines. SBN is a subsidiary of Solar Entertainment Corporation, a Filipino-owned television company managed by the Tieng family.

Its main broadcast facilities are located at the Third Floor, Worldwide Corporate Center, EDSA corner Shaw Boulevard, Mandaluyong.

Southern Broadcasting Network operates television stations with airtime being leased by its parent Solar Entertainment, serving as primary broadcasters of movie and entertainment channel SolarFlix. SBN also owns five regional FM radio stations under the brand XFM Philippines in Laoag, Vigan, Bacolod, Cebu and Davao, serving as partial affiliates of Y2H (Yes2Health) Broadcasting Network.
Vasja Bajc
Vasja Bajc (born 19 January 1962) is a Slovenian ski jumping coach and former ski jumper who competed from 1979 to 1988, during which time he represented Yugoslavia. At World Cup level his best individual finishes were fifth in Planica on 21 March 1980 and ninth in Harrachov on 14 January 1984. He also competed at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, finishing 15th in the large hill and 17th in the normal hill competitions.

In 1990, having retired from competition, Bajc made the unusual move to coach the Spanish national ski jumping team—a country not known for ski jumping. He relocated to Japan in 1994 to begin personally coaching Kazuyoshi Funaki, which led to Bajc coaching the Japanese national ski jumping team until 2002. Since then he has coached teams from the Netherlands, Sweden, the Czech Republic, Slovenia, and Turkey. From 2014 to 2017 he coached the United States women's ski jumping team.

Čerťák
Čerťák is a ski jumping stadium with two hills in Harrachov in the Czech Republic.

It was built in 1979 and both hill officially opened in 1980. The venue is most notable for being one of five ski flying hills in the world, though it also has three smaller hills close by. It is owned by the sports club TJ Jiskra Harrachov. Audience capacity is about 50,000. Despite being a flying hill, only two world records have ever set at Čerťák, both in the 1980s. It was also during this time, and into the early 1990s, that many horrific accidents occurred.
Boxing at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Lightweight
The men's lightweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1984 Summer Olympics. The weight class allowed boxers of up to 60 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 29 July to 11 August 1984. 40 boxers from 40 nations competed.

Geofrey Nyeko
Geofrey Nyeko (born 2 February 1959) is a Ugandan boxer. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics. At the 1980 Summer Olympics, he lost to Richard Nowakowski of East Germany.
Erick Lindgren
Erick A. Lindgren (born August 11, 1976, in Burney, California) is an American professional poker player.  He has won two World Poker Tour (WPT) titles, two World Series of Poker bracelets, and more than $10,500,000 in tournament earnings during his poker career.  As of April 2020, he is 85th on the all-time money list of poker.

Burney, California
Burney is an unincorporated town and census-designated place (CDP) in Shasta County, California, United States.  Its population is 3,000 as of the 2020 census, down from 3,154 from the 2010 census.  Burney is located on State Route 299, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of its junction with State Route 89.

Burney has several areas for fly fishing, with wild brown and native rainbow trout in many nearby rivers and streams, including Burney Creek.  Other attractions in the area include McArthur–Burney Falls Memorial State Park, home to Burney Falls.

Burney was named after Samuel Burney, a settler in the area in the 1850s. Burney was found dead in the valley in 1857, which came to be called "the valley where Burney died," and finally just "Burney".

The town of Burney sits at the base of an extinct volcano called Burney Mountain. The peak is 7,863 ft tall (2,397 m).