hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Trachtenberg
Alexander "Alex" Trachtenberg (November 23, 1884 – December 26, 1966) was an American publisher of radical political books and pamphlets, founder and manager of International Publishers of New York. He was a longtime activist in the Socialist Party of America and later in the Communist Party USA. For more than eight decades, his International Publishers was a part of the publishing arm of the American communist movement. He served as a member of the CPUSA's Central Control Committee. During the period of McCarthyism in America, Trachtenberg was twice subject to prosecution and convicted under the Smith Act; the convictions were overturned, the first by recanting of a government witness and the second by a US Circuit Court of Appeals decision in 1958.

Rand School of Social Science
The Rand School of Social Science was formed in 1906 in New York City by adherents of the Socialist Party of America. The school aimed to provide a broad education to workers, imparting a politicizing class-consciousness, and additionally served as a research bureau, a publisher, and the operator of a summer camp for socialist and trade union activists.

The school changed its name to the Tamiment Institute and Library in 1935 and it was closely linked to the Social Democratic Federation after the 1936 split of the Socialist Party. Its collection became a key component of today's Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives at New York University in 1963.
Yingling Nunatak
Yingling Nunatak (66°30′S 110°37′E﻿ / ﻿66.500°S 110.617°E﻿ / -66.500; 110.617) is a rocky nunatak just southward of the Windmill Islands, lying 0.8 miles (1.3 km) southeast of Goldenberg Ridge in the east part of Browning Peninsula. First mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump and Operation Windmill in 1947 and 1948. Named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for David L. Yingling, meteorologist and member of the Wilkes Station party of 1960.

Operation Highjump
Operation HIGHJUMP, officially titled The United States Navy Antarctic Developments Program, 1946–1947, (also called Task Force 68), was a United States Navy (USN) operation to establish the Antarctic research base Little America IV. The operation was organized by Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd, Jr., USN, Officer in Charge, Task Force 68, and led by Rear Admiral Ethan Erik Larson, USN, Commanding Officer, Task Force 68. Operation HIGHJUMP commenced 26 August 1946 and ended in late February 1947. Task Force 68 included 4,700 men, 13 ships, and 33 aircraft.
Disconnect (2012 film)
Disconnect is a 2012 American psychological drama film directed by Henry Alex Rubin and written by Andrew Stern. It stars an ensemble cast featuring Jason Bateman, Hope Davis, Frank Grillo, Michael Nyqvist, Paula Patton, Andrea Riseborough, Alexander Skarsgård, Max Thieriot, Colin Ford and Jonah Bobo.

Jonah Bobo
Jonah Bobo  (born 1996 or 1997) is an American musician and former child actor. He is best known for his roles as Danny Budwing in the 2005 film Zathura: A Space Adventure, Robbie Weaver in the 2011 film Crazy, Stupid, Love, and the voice of Austin the Kangaroo on Nickelodeon's animated television series The Backyardigans.  Jonah’s full albums include: Newgrass Suite (2021), Rainbow LP (2023), and Charm School (2025).  They are available on all music streaming platforms.
18-bit computing
In computer architecture, 18-bit integers, memory addresses, or other data units are those that are  18 bits (2.25 octets) wide.  Also, 18-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size.

Eighteen binary digits have 262,144 (1000000 octal, 40000 hexadecimal) distinct combinations.

Eighteen bits was a common word size for smaller computers in the 1960s, when large computers often using 36 bit words and 6-bit character sets, sometimes implemented as extensions of BCD, were the norm. There were also 18-bit teletypes experimented with in the 1940s.

BCD (character encoding)
BCD (binary-coded decimal), also called alphanumeric BCD, alphameric BCD, BCD Interchange Code, or BCDIC, is a family of representations of numerals, uppercase Latin letters, and some special and control characters as six-bit character codes.

Unlike later encodings such as ASCII, BCD codes were not standardized. Different computer manufacturers, and even different product lines from the same manufacturer, often had their own variants, and sometimes included unique characters. Other six-bit encodings with completely different mappings, such as some FIELDATA variants or Transcode, are sometimes incorrectly termed BCD.

Many variants of BCD encode the characters '0' through '9' as the corresponding binary values.
Peter Jack
Peter Andrew Jack (born 26 September 1980) a Scottish former cricketer.

Jack was born in August 1980 at Bellshill, Lanarkshire. Having represented Scotland in age-group cricket, Jack made a single appearance for the senior Scotland team in a List A one-day match against the Netherlands at Harare in the 2000 ICC Six Nations Challenge. He did not play for Scotland again, but did continue to play club cricket for the West of Scotland and Prestwick until 2004. By 2012, Jack had given up playing cricket a number of years prior, with Neil Drysdale of CricketEurope suggesting his early introduction to the senior Scottish side had ruined him.

West of Scotland Cricket Club
The West of Scotland Cricket Club is a cricket club based in Glasgow, Scotland.  The club's home ground is Hamilton Crescent, located in the Partick area of Glasgow's West End.

West of Scotland, traditionally, are one of the working class cricket clubs in Glasgow and on a summer's day there can be quite a jovial, rowdy, yet well informed support on the famous banking.  Many famous players have both played at the ground and for the club, including Scottish internationalists opening batsman Douglas Lockhart and bowler John Blain. Lockhart was a former Oxford UCCE player and having had trials with Derbyshire whilst Blain played professional county cricket for Northamptonshire and Yorkshire before working with West as the club's coach.
Sarath Gunapala
Sri Lanka Ranjana Dr Sarath Gunapala (Sinhala:සරත් ගුණපාල) is a solid-state physicist, senior research scientist and group supervisor at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He works primarily in Quantum Well Infrared Photo Detecting. He is also a board member of Quantum Well Infrared Photodetector Technologies LLC. Gunapala lives in the suburbs of Los Angeles. He was born in Sri Lanka.

After receiving his education from Nalanda College, Colombo, Gunapala graduated from University of Colombo and University of Pittsburgh.

Gunapala was presented with Nalanda Keerthi Sri award in 2006 by his alma mater Nalanda College, Colombo.

Solid-state physics
Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state physics studies how the large-scale properties of solid materials result from their atomic-scale properties. Thus, solid-state physics forms a theoretical basis of materials science. Along with solid-state chemistry, it also has direct applications in the technology of transistors and semiconductors.
Hush! (film)
Hush! (Japanese: ハッシュ!)  is a 2001 Japanese film directed by Ryōsuke Hashiguchi, starring Seiichi Tanabe, Kazuya Takahashi and Reiko Kataoka.

The theme song is "Hush Little Baby" from the album Hush performed by Bobby McFerrin and Yo-Yo Ma.

Kazuya Takahashi
Kazuya Takahashi (高橋 和也, Takahashi Kazuya; born 20 May 1969) is a Japanese actor, singer, songwriter and bassist. He was a vocalist and bassist of Otokogumi, the Japanese rock band which was active during late 1980s and early 1990s. Takahashi has appeared in more than 50 films since 1988.
Green neon tetra
The green neon tetra (Paracheirodon simulans) is a species of freshwater fish of the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins, of the order Characiformes. It is native to the upper Orinoco and Negro Rivers in South America.

Characiformes
Characiformes /ˈkærəsɪfɔːrmiːz/ is an order of ray-finned fish, comprising the characins and their allies. Grouped in 18 recognized families, more than 2000 different species are described, including the well-known piranha and tetras. Characins are most diverse in the Neotropics, where they are found in lakes and rivers throughout most of South and Central America. At least 209 species of characins are found in Africa, including the distichodontids, citharinids, alestids, and hepsetids. The rest of the characins originate in the Americas.

A few characins become quite large, and are important as food or game. Most, however, are small shoaling fish (or forage fish). Many species commonly called tetras are popular in aquaria because of their bright colors, general hardiness, and tolerance towards other fish in community tanks.
Gordon District Cricket Club
Gordon District Cricket Club is based in Gordon, New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1905, the club has won 6 first grade titles. The Stags share their home ground, Chatswood Oval, with Gordon Rugby Club. Nineteen players have gone on to play international cricket, including Victor Trumper, Charlie Macartney, Bert Oldfield, Brian Taber, Ian Davis, Phil Emery, Adam Gilchrist, Mason Crane, and Matt Parkinson. Current state players representing the team include Charlie Stobo, and Daniel Smith.

Matt Parkinson (cricketer)
Matthew William Parkinson (born 24 October 1996) is an English professional cricketer who plays for Kent County Cricket Club. He made his international debut for the England cricket team in November 2019. Parkinson made his Test debut for England in June 2022, as a concussion substitute. His twin brother, Callum, plays cricket for Durham CCC.
John Kelly (Tipperary hurler)
John Kelly (1948 – 8 September 2023) was an Irish hurler. At club level, he played with University College Cork, Cappawhite and Kilruane MacDonaghs, and he also lined out at inter-county level with various Tipperary teams.

Oireachtas Cup
The Oireachtas Cup was an annual hurling competition organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association between 1939 and 1999 for the top inter-county teams in Ireland.

The series of games were usually played in the autumn months after the completion of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship.  The prize for the winning team was the Oireachtas Cup and a special set of gold medals for the winning team.  The tournament was initially a one-off challenge game between two top teams, however, as more teams entered a straight knock-out tournament developed.

The Oireachtas Cup was a post-championship hurling competition, with large crowds at Croke Park on the day of the final. Over time, however, it fell out of favour with both players and supporters and was eventually scrapped.

The title was won at least once by eleven different counties, eight of which have won the title more than once.  The all-time joint record-holders are Galway and Tipperary, who won the competition eleven times.
2022 MTV MIAW Awards
The 9th Annual MTV MIAW Awards took place on July 10, 2022, at the Pepsi Center WTC in Mexico City. They were broadcast live by MTV Latin America. The awards celebrated the best of Latin music and the digital world of the millennial generation. The list of nominees were revealed on June 6, 2022. The ceremony was broadcast on MTV, Paramount+, PlutoTV, Facebook and TikTok.

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
Pterocarpin synthase
In enzymology, a pterocarpin synthase (EC 1.1.1.246) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

medicarpin + NADP+ + H2O  vestitone + NADPH + H+

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are medicarpin, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are vestitone, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is medicarpin:NADP+ 2'-oxidoreductase. This enzyme is also called pterocarpan synthase. This enzyme participates in isoflavonoid biosynthesis.

Hydrogen ion
A hydrogen ion is an ion created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron. A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. Due to its extremely high charge density of approximately 2×1010 times that of a sodium ion, the bare hydrogen ion cannot exist freely in solution as it readily hydrates, i.e., bonds quickly. The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. 
Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions (hydrons) and negatively charged (hydride) ions.
Hindustan Antibiotics School
Hindustan Antibiotics School (also known as H.A. School) is a Pre-Primary Primary & secondary school in Pimpri-Chinchwad, Pune, India. It was established in 1958, with its school buildings being inaugurated by the first and second Prime Ministers of India, Jawaharlal Nehru and Lal Bahadur Shastri. It was established mainly to serve the children of employees working at Hindustan Antibiotics Limited (HAL) and poor children from the neighbouring areas for a nominal fee.

Hindustan Antibiotics
Hindustan Antibiotics Limited (HAtL) is an Indian central public sector undertaking under the ownership of Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India. It is based in Pune, India. It is the first government-owned-drug manufacturer in India. It was the first to launch a recombinant DNA product, rHU-Erythropoietin (Hemax) in 1993.

It introduced new products like Halpen, Haltax, Hexpan in 2008. Sati-HIV drugs will be produced from September 2009.
Rautio (surname)
Rautio is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Karl Rautio (1889–1963), Finnish composer

Markus Rautio (1891–1973), Finnish radio journalist and presenter

Valdemar Rautio (1921–1973), Finnish triple jumper

Martti Rautio (1935–2017), Canadian cross-country skier

Maria Rautio (born 1957), Swedish cross-country skier

Nina Rautio (born 1957), Russian operatic soprano

Kai Rautio (born 1964), Finnish ice hockey player

David Rautio (born 1985), Swedish ice hockey player

Karl Rautio
Karl "Kalle" Rautio (Russian: Карл Эрикович Раутио; 20 November 1889 – 15 December 1963) was the composer of the Anthem of the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic and one of the founders of professional musical art in Karelia.
Deadhorse Creek diatreme complex
The Deadhorse Creek diatreme complex is a diatreme complex in northwestern Ontario, Canada, located approximately 25 km (16 mi) west of Marathon. It is thought to have formed by the Midcontinent Rift System, a 2,000 km (1,243 mi) long rift in the centre of the North American continent that was active in the Mesoproterozoic.

Mesoproterozoic
The Mesoproterozoic Era is a geologic era that occurred from 1,600 to 1,000 million years ago. The Mesoproterozoic was the first era of Earth's history for which a fairly definitive geological record survives. Continents existed during the preceding era (the Paleoproterozoic), but little is known about them. The continental masses of the Mesoproterozoic were more or less the same ones that exist today, although their arrangement on the Earth's surface was different.
Phytoplasma pruni
Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni is a species of phytoplasma in the class Mollicutes, a class of bacteria distinguished by the absence of a cell wall. The specific epithet pruni means "living on Prunus", emphasizing the fact that the phytoplasma is a parasite of various Prunus species, otherwise known as stone fruits. The phytoplasma is commonly called the X-disease phytoplasma.

Like all phytoplasmas, Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni infects both plants and insects. Potential plant hosts include peach, cherry, plum, and others. Known insect hosts include various species of leafhoppers. Since the pathogen can not live outside of host cells, it must be transmitted to a new plant host by an infected leafhopper.

Plum
A plum is a fruit of some species in Prunus subg. Prunus. Dried plums are usually called prunes.

Plums are likely to have been one of the first fruits domesticated by humans, with origins in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus Mountains and China. They were brought to Britain from Asia, and their cultivation has been documented in Andalusia, southern Spain. Plums are a diverse group of species, with trees reaching a height of 5–6 metres (16–20 ft) when pruned. The fruit is a drupe, with a firm and juicy flesh.  Plums can be eaten fresh, dried to make prunes, used in jams, or fermented into wine and distilled into brandy. Plum seeds (also called kernels) contain the cyanide-like poison, amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside.

In 2023, China produced 55% of the world total of plums. Japanese or Chinese plums dominate the fresh fruit market, while European plums are also common in some regions.
Tuncovec
Tuncovec (pronounced [ˈtuːntsɔʋəts]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Rogaška Slatina in eastern Slovenia. It lies east of the town of Rogaška Slatina, between Spodnje Sečovo and Brezovec pri Rogatcu. The wider area around Rogaška Slatina is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Rogaška Slatina
The Municipality of Rogaška Slatina (pronounced [ɾɔˈɡaːʃka ˈslaːtina] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Rogaška Slatina) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Rogaška Slatina. Rogaška Slatina became a municipality in 1994. It borders Croatia.
Lahbib Choubani
Lahbib Choubani (Arabic: لحبيب الشوباني - born 1963 in Boujad) is a Moroccan politician of the Justice and Development Party. He held the position of Minister of Relations with the Parliament & Civil Society in Abdelilah Benkirane's cabinet. and also served as MP for Gheris-Tislit constituency since 2002.

Before politics, Choubani worked as a schoolteacher in the province of Errachidia, teaching physics.

Errachidia
Errachidia (Arabic: الرشيدية, romanized: al-Rāshīdiyya), formerly known as Ksar es-Souk, (Arabic: قصر السوق, romanized: Qaṣr as-Sūq) is a city in Morocco, located in the Errachidia Province, and is the capital of the Drâa-Tafilalet region.
Lamington, South Lanarkshire
Lamington is a conservation village in South Lanarkshire in Scotland, roughly between Biggar and Lanark and sits astride the A702 trunk road.

It is reputed to be the home of Marion Braidfute, legendary wife of William Wallace.

It has also been claimed that the village gave its name to the Lamington sponge cake popular in Australia.

The feudal barony of Lamington was granted to William de Baillie, 2nd  of Hoprig, in 1368, who was the son-in-law of Sir William Seton. The caput of the barony was originally at Lamington Tower.

Lamington Tower
Lamington Tower was a 16th-century tower house, constructed by William Baillie of Lamington, near Lamington, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The tower house was occupied until the 18th century when it was blown up to provide building materials.

The tower perimeter measures 38.75 feet (11.81 m) by 31.75 feet (9.68 m) and the ground floor was vaulted.
Tetragalacturonic acid hydroxymethylester
Tetragalacturonic acid hydroxymethylester is a local antihemorrhagic. It is derived from apple pectin. It is not used clinically, but research in the 1970s suggests that pectin and analogues may inhibit fibrinolysis in vitro.

Fibrinolysis
Fibrinolysis is a process that prevents blood clots from growing and becoming problematic. Primary fibrinolysis is a normal body process, while secondary fibrinolysis is the breakdown of clots due to a medicine, a medical disorder, or some other cause.

In fibrinolysis, a fibrin clot, the product of coagulation, is broken down. Its main enzyme plasmin cuts the fibrin mesh at various places, leading to the production of circulating fragments that are cleared by other proteases or by the kidney and liver.
Emilie Blichfeldt
Emilie Kirstine Blichfeldt is a Norwegian film director and screenwriter.

Blichfeldt graduated from the Norwegian Film and Television School in 2018. Her graduation film, Saras intime betroelser (Sara's Intimate Secrets), was screened at the Locarno Film Festival.

Her feature film debut, The Ugly Stepsister (Den stygge stesøsteren), was released in Norway in February 2025 and screened at South by Southwest (SXSW) film festival in the US in March 2025. Following its international success at SXSW, the film was sold to distributors in numerous countries.

Locarno Film Festival
The Locarno International Film Festival is a major international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland. Founded in 1946, the festival screens films in various competitive and non-competitive sections, including feature-length narrative, documentary, short, avant-garde, and retrospective programs. The Piazza Grande section is held in an open-air venue that seats 8,000 spectators.

The top prize of the festival is the Golden Leopard, awarded to the best film in the International Competition. Other awards include the Leopard of Honour for career achievement, and the Prix du Public, the public choice award.
Zongoiri
Zongoiri Natinga is a community in the Bawku West District of the Upper East Region of Ghana, to the northwest of a bend in the White Volta River.

The chiefdom of Zongoiri lies below the Gambaga Escarpment, bordered to the south by the White Volta River and to the west by the Red Volta River. 
The Zongoiri Waterfall at Kianga on the White Volta is a local tourist attraction.
Zongoiri is home to sacred groves and to a water source that is believed to heal or prevent guinea worm infestation.
Zongoiri was the place of refuge of Wobogo, last independent  Mogho Naba of Mossi and ruler of Ouagadougou, who fled to Zongoiri in 1898 and died here in 1904.

Bawku West District
Bawku West District is one of the fifteen districts in Upper East Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988; which was established by Legislative Instrument (L.I.) 1442. The municipality is located in the eastern part of Upper East Region and has Zebilla as its capital town.
Sherpur, Ghazipur
The Great Sherpur is a region or a pargana of 'Shankarwar Vansh' in the Mohammadabad tehsil of Ghazipur district in Uttar Pradesh. It consists of Sherpur Kalan, Sherpur Khurd,  Semra,  Firozpur, villages which were established by the descendants of Dullah Rai. It has population of 31322 as per 2011 Census.

Having a history of almost four hundred years, this village has rich heritage of history of India's independence struggle. It has its own local administration under Panchayati Raj system, with Gram Pradhan as head. In British era this village along with Reotipur was known as 'Pachiso Hazaar' due to land revenue of Rupees Twenty five thousand regularly paid to British coffers. The pargana Or region of Sherpur has a total geographical area of 4913.64 Hectares and had a land area of 5197 Hectares.

Ghazipur district
Ghazipur district is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Ghazipur is the district headquarters. The district is part of Varanasi Division. The region of Ghazipur is famous mainly for the production of its unique rose-scented Spray called Gulab Jal, and for the tomb of the Governor General of British India, Lord Cornwallis, who died here. His tomb is situated in Western part of City, and is conserved by Archaeological Survey of India.