hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William C. Sturtevant
William Curtis Sturtevant (July 26, 1926 Morristown, New Jersey – March 2, 2007 Rockville, Maryland) was an anthropologist and ethnologist. He is best known as the general editor of the 20-volume Handbook of North American Indians. Renowned anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss described the work as "an absolutely indispensable tool that should be found on the shelves of all libraries, public and private alike."

Sturtevant's career focused on Native American languages and cultures.  He was particularly known for his work on the history and culture of the Florida Seminole. During his career, he served as the president for the American Society for Ethnohistory, the American Ethnological Society, and the American Anthropological Association.

American Anthropological Association
The American Anthropological Association (AAA) is an American organization of scholars and practitioners in the field of anthropology. With 10,000 members, the association, based in Arlington, Virginia, includes archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, biological (or physical) anthropologists, linguistic anthropologists, linguists, medical anthropologists and applied anthropologists in universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, museums, corporations and non-profits throughout the world. The AAA publishes more than 20 peer-reviewed scholarly journals, available in print and online through AnthroSource. The AAA was founded in 1902.
2015 Wimbledon Championships – Gentlemen's invitation doubles
Thomas Enqvist and Mark Philippoussis were the defending champions but Philippoussis did not compete. Enqvist played alongside Jamie Delgado but they were eliminated in the round robin.

Goran Ivanišević and Ivan Ljubičić defeated Wayne Ferreira and Sébastien Grosjean in the final, 6–3, 1–6, [10–5] to win the gentlemen's invitation doubles tennis title at the 2015 Wimbledon Championships.

Mark Philippoussis
Mark Anthony Philippoussis (born 7 November 1976) is an Australian tennis  coach, commentator and former professional tennis player of Greek and Italian descent. Philippoussis' greatest achievements are winning two Davis Cup titles with Australia in 1999 and 2003, winning the deciding rubber in the final of each. He also reached the final of the 1998 US Open and the 2003 Wimbledon singles tournaments. Philippoussis reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 8.

Philippoussis has had a minor career in modelling and starred in the American reality television dating show Age of Love. He is nicknamed 'the Scud', after the Scud missile. He is also known in Australia as “The Pou”.
Free-by-cyclic group
In group theory, especially, in geometric group theory, the class of free-by-cyclic groups have been deeply studied as important examples. A group  is said to be free-by-cyclic if it has a free normal subgroup  such that the quotient group  is cyclic. In other words,  is free-by-cyclic if it can be expressed as a group extension of a free group by a cyclic group (NB there are two conventions for 'by'). Usually, we assume  is finitely generated and the quotient is an infinite cyclic group. Equivalently, we can define a free-by-cyclic group constructively: if  is an automorphism of , the semidirect product  is a free-by-cyclic group.

An isomorphism class of a free-by-cyclic group is determined by an outer automorphism. If two automorphisms  represent the same outer automorphism, that is,  for some inner automorphism , the free-by-cyclic groups  and  are isomorphic.

Out(Fn)
In mathematics, Out(Fn) is the outer automorphism group of a free group on n generators. These groups are at universal stage in geometric group theory, as they act on the set of presentations with  generators of any finitely generated group. Despite geometric analogies with general linear groups and mapping class groups, their complexity is generally regarded as more challenging, which has fueled the development of new techniques in the field.
Erdoğan Cabinet
Erdoğan Cabinet is the name of any of four cabinets of the Republic of Turkey:

Cabinet Erdoğan I (2003–2007)

Cabinet Erdoğan II (2007–2011)

Cabinet Erdoğan III (2011–2014)

Cabinet Erdoğan IV (2018–2023)

Cabinet Erdoğan V (since 2023)

66th cabinet of Turkey
The Fourth Erdoğan Cabinet was the 66th government of the Republic of Turkey, which was declared on 9 July 2018. It is the first cabinet after Turkey's transition into a presidential republic. It was also the first cabinet that did not require parliamentary approval to be formed, and thus contained a higher number of technocrats than previous Turkish cabinets.
RAF Navy Point
RAF Navy Point was a Royal Air Force base in the Falkland Islands. Set on a peninsula on which Canopus Hill, Stanley Airport and Gypsy Cove lie, together with a narrow spit of land known as Navy Point, which effectively divides Port William from Stanley Harbour. A small detachment of RAF SAR (search and rescue) Helicopters of No. 1564 Flight RAF were based here until the Detachment was moved to RAF Mount Pleasant when the new base opened.

Canopus Hill
Canopus Hill is located on the island of East Falkland near Stanley, the capital city of the Falkland Islands.  It is named after HMS Canopus, which fired the first shots in the Battle of the Falkland Islands during World War I.
Kenai Central High School
Kenai Central High School (KCHS) is a public high school serving grades 9–12 in Kenai, Alaska. The school operates under the authority of the Kenai Peninsula Borough School District, and is one of five high schools in the district. The School's mascot is the Kardinal, and its colors are red, white and black. The current principal is Dan Beck, and its assistant principal is Will Chervenak.

Kenai Peninsula Borough School District
The Kenai Peninsula Borough School District (KPBSD) serves 29 communities and serves 8,300 as of 2025-2026 in the Kenai Peninsula Borough. The district is headquartered in the borough seat of Soldotna, and the current Superintendent of Schools is Clayton Holland.
122nd Territorial Defense Brigade (Ukraine)
The 122nd Territorial Defense Brigade (Ukrainian: 122-га окрема бригада територіальної оборони) is a military formation of the Territorial Defense Forces of Ukraine in Odesa Oblast. It is part of Operational Command South.

Military Unit Number
A Military Unit Number (Russian: войсковая часть, в/ ч; Ukrainian: військова частина, в/ ч) is a unique numeric code assigned to military units of the Soviet Union and some Post-Soviet states. It is usually a four or five digit code for the purpose of identifying units of the armed forces and internal troops.

Military Unit Numbers for ground forces are assigned for a specific military unit (corps, division, brigade, etc.) while for the navy it is assigned to an individual ship. The number is also used for the unit's military mail and other logistics.
Bert Freeman
Bertram Clewley Freeman (1 October 1885 – 11 August 1955) was an English footballer. He played as a centre forward for clubs Woolwich Arsenal, Everton, Burnley and Wigan Borough. Freeman was one of the most prolific goal-scorers of his time, winning one First Division and two Second Division Golden Boots. He was also capped at the senior level for England.

1912–13 in English football
The 1912–13 season was the 42nd season of competitive football in England. Sunderland won the First Division for the fifth time, with a record of 25–4–9; Aston Villa, finishing second, had fewer defeats, but a lot more draws: 19–12–7. Blackburn Rovers won the Charity Shield for the first time in a close match (2–1) with Queens Park Rangers. Aston Villa won the FA Cup Final against Sunderland (1–0) and obtained their fifth cup. Notts County and Woolwich Arsenal were relegated to the Second Division; Preston North End and Burnley were promoted to the First Division. Lincoln City returned to the Football League once again, at the expense of Gainsborough Trinity.
Shirley M. Watts
Shirley Marie Watts (born March 6, 1959) is an American lawyer and jurist from Baltimore, Maryland. Since July 2013, she has served as a Justice on the Supreme Court of Maryland, the state's highest court. Watts is the first African American woman to serve as a judge on the Court of Appeals. Prior to her appointment, she was a judge on the Maryland Court of Special Appeals from 2011 to 2013 and an associate judge on the Baltimore City Circuit Court from 2002 to 2011.

Born in Baltimore, Watts received her Bachelor of Arts degree from Howard University in 1980. She earned a Juris Doctor degree from Rutgers School of Law in 1983. On July 3, 2013, Governor Martin O'Malley nominated Watts to fill the seat of retired Chief Judge Robert M. Bell on the Court of Appeals, representing the 6th Appellate Circuit (Baltimore City).

Rutgers Law School
Rutgers Law School is the law school of Rutgers University, with classrooms in Newark and Camden, New Jersey. It is the largest public law school and the 10th largest law school, overall, in the United States. Each class in the three-year J.D. program enrolls approximately 350 law students. Although Rutgers University dates from 1766, its law school was founded in Newark in 1908. Today, Rutgers offers the J.D. and a foreign-lawyer J.D., as well as joint-degree programs that combine a J.D. with a graduate degree from another Rutgers graduate program.

According to Rutgers Law School's 2016 ABA-required disclosures, 93.7% of the Class of 2016 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required or JD-advantage employment nine months after graduation, excluding solo practitioners.
2022 Engie Open de Seine-et-Marne – Doubles
Harriet Dart and Lesley Pattinama Kerkhove were the defending champions but Dart chose not to participate. Pattinama Kerkhove partnered alongside Bibiane Schoofs but lost in the quarterfinals to Marine Partaud and Ioana Loredana Roșca.

Isabelle Haverlag and Justina Mikulskytė won the title, defeating Sofya Lansere and Oksana Selekhmeteva in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

Sofya Lansere
Sofya Yevgenyevna Lansere (Russian: Софья Евгеньевна Лансере, IPA: [ˈsofʲɪ̯ə ɫən⁽ʲ⁾sʲɪˈrɛ]; born 29 September 2000) is a Russian tennis player.
She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 200, achieved on 4 December 2023. On 14 August 2023, she peaked at No. 119 in the WTA doubles rankings.
Charis Mullen
Charis Mullen (born 20 February 1974) is an Australian politician. She has been the Labor member for Jordan in the Queensland Legislative Assembly since 2017, when the division was created.

Under the Steven Miles government, from 18 December 2023 to 27 October 2024, she served in the cabinet as the Minister for Child Safety, Seniors and Disability Services and Multicultural Affairs. Mullen reported that the multicultural affairs portfolio is something she has always wanted.

As of 8 November 2024, she is the shadow minister of Public Works & Multicultural Affairs.

Electoral district of Jordan
Jordan is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland. It was created in the 2017 redistribution. It was named after politician Vi Jordan, second female Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

Based on the area between Ipswich and Logan, Jordan consists of the suburbs of Gailes, Carole Park, Camira, Brookwater, Augustine Heights, Springfield, Greenbank, New Beith, Lyons and Undullah.

From results of the 2015 election, Jordan was estimated to be a safe seat for the Labor Party with a margin of 13.5%.
Zagórze, Kamień County
Zagórze [zaˈɡuʐɛ] (German Sager) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolin, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Wolin, 21 km (13 mi) south-west of Kamień Pomorski, and 44 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 180.

Wolin (town)
Wolin ([ˈvɔlin]; German: Wollin) is a town in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It is the seat of Gmina Wolin. It is situated on the southern tip of Wolin island off the Baltic coast of the historic region of Western Pomerania. The island lies at the edge of the strait of Dziwna.

The town, now a fishing port and gateway to the island's bathing resorts, has a population of approximately 4,900. Dating from the 9th century, it has been associated with the semi-legendary settlements of Jomsburg, Jumne, Julin and Vineta. It played an important role in the conversion of Pomerania and in 1140 became the first see of the Pomeranian diocese. Several ruins from the Slavic period occupy the area. The early medieval town fell victim to the late 12th century Danish raids, and was refounded in 1260.
Arninge
Arninge is a locality situated in Täby Municipality, Stockholm County, Sweden. The district borders Österåker Municipality in the east, Vågsjö and Löttingelund in the north, and Rönninge in the south. Arninge is primarily a commercial and industrial area.

Stockholm County
Stockholm County (Swedish: Stockholms län [ˈstɔ̂kː(h)ɔlms ˈlɛːn]) is a county (Swedish: län) on the Baltic Sea coast of Sweden. It borders Uppsala County and Södermanland County. It also borders Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. The city of Stockholm is the capital of Sweden. Stockholm County is divided by the historic provinces of Uppland (Roslagen) and Södermanland (Södertörn). More than one fifth of the Swedish population lives in the county. Stockholm County is also one of the statistical riksområden (national areas) according to NUTS:SE, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics within the EU. With more than two million inhabitants, Stockholm is the most densely populated county of Sweden.
North Shore Country Club
North Shore Country Club is a private country club in Glenview, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.

Founded in 1900, it features a 7,031 yard 18-hole golf course.  In 1933, it hosted the U.S. Open that was won by Johnny Goodman. It has also hosted the Western Open once and the U.S. Amateur twice. It was host site of the Encompass Championship on the Champions Tour from 2013 to 2015.

The course was designed by English architect Charles Allison of Colt MacKenzie and Alison.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Sarfaraz Khan
Sarfarāz Khān (c. 1700 – 29 April 1740), born Mīrza Asadullāh, was a Nawab of Bengal. Sarfaraz Khan's maternal grandfather, Nawab Murshid Quli Khan of Bengal nominated him as the direct heir to him as there was no direct heir. After Murshid Quli's death in 1727, Sarfaraz ascended to the Masnad of the Nawab. Sarfaraz's father, Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan, then the Subahdar of Orissa, getting to know it arrived at Murshidabad, the capital of the Nawabs of Bengal with a huge army. To avoid a conflict in the family the dowager Begum of the Nawab asked Shuja-ud-Din to ascend to the Masnad after Sarfaraz abdicated in favour of his father. However, circumstances led Shuja-ud-Din to nominate Sarfaraz as his heir and after Shuja-us-Din's death in 1739, Sarfaraz Khan again ascended to the throne as the Nawab of Bengal.

Subahdar
Subahdar was one of the designations of a governor of a Subah (province) during the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, Mamluk dynasty, Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, and the Mughal era who was alternately designated as Sahib-i-Subah or Nazim. The word, Subahdar is of Persian origin. The Subahdar was the head of the Mughal provincial administration. He was assisted by the provincial Diwan, Bakhshi, Faujdar, Kotwal, Qazi, Sadr, Waqa-i-Navis, Qanungo and Patwari. The Subahdars were normally appointed from among the Mughal princes or the officers holding the highest mansabs (ranks).
Love in 40 Days
Love in 40 Days is a Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by Kapamilya Channel. Directed by Emmanuel Q. Palo and Jojo A. Saguin, it stars Loisa Andalio and Ronnie Alonte. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from May 30 to October 28, 2022.

The Filipino Channel
The Filipino Channel, commonly known as TFC, is a global subscription television network owned and operated by the Filipino media conglomerate ABS-CBN Corporation. Its programming is composed primarily of imported programs produced and distributed by ABS-CBN Studios and ABS-CBN News, targeting the Filipino diaspora. Available globally on various television platforms, TFC was launched on September 24, 1994, becoming the world's first trans-Pacific Asian broadcaster.

As of 2016, The Filipino Channel has over three million subscribers worldwide in over 40 countries across 4 continents, most of its subscribers are in United States, Canada, Middle East, Europe, Australia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong.
Marjorie Devaney
Marjorie Ann "Marge" Jones Devaney (March 3, 1931 – September 20, 2007) was an American mathematician, electrical engineer, and computer scientist who assisted in the development of the MANIAC I (Mathematical Analyzer Numerical Integrator And Computer) computer in 1951 as a member of the Theoretical Division at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, making her one of world's earliest computer programmers.

Programmer
A programmer, computer programmer or coder is an author of computer source code – someone with skill in computer programming.
The professional titles software developer and software engineer may be used for jobs that require a programmer.
Jayasekera
Jayasekera is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

D. S. Jayasekera (fl. 1947–1995), Sri Lankan teacher

Kingsley Jayasekera (1924–2004), Sri Lankan actor

Lakkana Jayasekera (born 1996), Sri Lankan cricketer

Michael Jayasekera (fl. 1975), Sri Lankan rugby union player

Nicholas Jayasekera (fl. 2013), Sri Lankan rear admiral

Rohan Jayasekera (cricketer)  (born 1957), Sri Lankan cricketer

Rohan Jayasekera (writer) (born 1961), English freelance journalist

Shantha Jayasekera (born 1963), Sri Lankan cricketer

Thushari Jayasekera (born 1984), Sri Lankan-American actress

Rohan Jayasekera (cricketer)
Rohan Stanley Amarasiriwardene Jayasekera (born 7 December 1957), or Rohan Jayasekera, is a former Sri Lankan cricketer who represented Sri Lanka in one Test match and two One Day Internationals, and Canada in four ICC Trophy matches.
Mantella baroni
Mantella baroni (often known by its common names, such as Baron's mantella, the variegated golden frog, or the Madagascar poison frog) is a species of small poisonous frog in the family Mantellidae.

The species was first formally described by George Albert Boulenger in 1888, who penned the species' binomial after Richard Baron, an English botanist and missionary to Madagascar, who collected and studied the species.

George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger FRS (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses.
The Artist (UK magazine)
The Artist is Britain's longest-established practical art magazine, first published in 1931. It is published monthly by Warners Group Publications from their offices in Bourne, Lincolnshire, and costs £5.25 per issue. It is available to buy from newsagents. Dr Sally Bulgin was the editor of the magazine from 1986 to 2024. Jane Stroud who has worked on the magazine for over 20 years has taken over.

The magazine's website, PaintersOnline, was launched in September 2007. PaintersOnline is an online community, including a forum for sharing experiences and advice; blogs; a gallery to upload images of visitors’ drawings and paintings; and a searchable database of art clubs and art tutors.

Bourne, Lincolnshire
Bourne is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the eastern slopes of the limestone Kesteven Uplands and the western edge of the Fens, 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Stamford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Spalding and 17 miles (27 km) north of Peterborough. The population at the 2011 census was 14,456. A 2019 estimate put it at 16,780.
Ouvrage Grand-Hohékirkel
Ouvrage Grand-Hohékirkel is a petit ouvrage of the Maginot Line, located near Bitche in the French département of Moselle.  Grand-Hohékirkel is adjoined by gros ouvrage Otterbiel to the west and petit ouvrage Lembach at some distance to the east, and faces the German frontier. It was part of the Fortified Sector of the Vosges.

Grand-Hohékirkel comprises two separate entrance blocks for ammunition and personnel, three infantry blocks, one artillery block and one observation block. Grand-Hohékirkel saw no significant action in the Battle of France, and limited action during the 1944/45 Lorraine Campaign. It was renovated for use during the Cold War. Grand-Hohékirkel is now unused, on restricted military land.

Lorraine campaign
The Lorraine campaign was the operations of the U.S. Third Army in Lorraine during World War II from September 1 through December 18, 1944.  Official U.S. Army campaign names for this period and location are Northern France and Rhineland.  The term was popularized by the publication of the volume The Lorraine Campaign of the official history of the U.S. Army in 1950.
Moscova (Milan Metro)
Moscova is an underground station on Line 2 of the Milan Metro, in Italy. The station was opened on 3 March 1978 as part of the extension from Garibaldi FS to Cadorna. The distance from the Lanza station is 550 meters.

The station is located on Via della Moscova, near Largo La Foppa, within the city centre of Milan. It allows riders to quickly reach the Parco Sempione and the Arena Civica.

Milan Metro
The Milan Metro (Italian: Metropolitana di Milano) is the rapid transit system serving Milan, Italy, operated by Azienda Trasporti Milanesi. The network consists of five lines with a total network length of 111.8 kilometres (69.5 mi), and a total of 125 stations (+2 in construction), mostly underground. It has a daily ridership of about 1.4 million on weekdays. The Milan Metro is the largest rapid transit system in Italy in terms of length, number of stations and ridership; and the fifth longest in the European Union and the eighth in Europe.

The first line, Line 1, opened in 1964; Line 2 opened 5 years later in 1969, Line 3 in 1990, Line 5 (driverless) in 2013, and Line 4 (driverless) in 2022. There are also several extensions planned and under construction. The architectural project of the Milan Metro, created by Franco Albini and Franca Helg, and the signs, designed by Bob Noorda, received the Compasso d'Oro award in 1964.
Trzebiatowski
Trzebiatowski (masculine), Trzebiatowska (feminine) is a Polish language family name. Notable people with the surname include:

Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski (1906–1982), Polish chemist, physicist and mathematician

Jörg "Tritze" Trzebiatowski, a musician of a German band Kreator

Marta Żmuda Trzebiatowska (born 1984), Polish film, television and theater actress

Anna Łajming née Anna Żmuda Trzebiatowska (1904–2003), Polish (Kashubian) writer

Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski
Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski (February 25, 1906 in Grodzisk Wielkopolski – November 13, 1982) was a Polish chemist, physicist and mathematician. An institute in Wrocław, Poland called the Włodzimierz Trzebiatowski Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research is named after him.