hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Islamic Solidarity Games
The Islamic Solidarity Games (Arabic: ألعاب التضامن الإسلامي, romanized: Alʿāb at-Taḍāmun al-Islāmī) is a multinational, multi-sport event that has been held since 2005. Managed jointly by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and Islamic Solidarity Sports Association (ISSA), the Games involve elite athletes from the OIC members competing in a variety of sports. The most recent edition (2025) took place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Arabic: منظمة التعاون الإسلامي, romanised: Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; French: Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1969. It consists of 57 member states, 48 of which are Muslim-majority. The organisation claims to be "the collective voice of the Muslim world" and works to "safeguard and protect the interests of the Muslim world in the spirit of promoting international peace and harmony".

OIC has permanent delegations to the United Nations and the European Union. Its official languages are Arabic, English, and French. It operates affiliated, specialised, and subsidiary organs within the framework of OIC Charter.

Member states had a collective population of over 1.8 billion as of 2015, accounting for just under a quarter of the world's population. The collective area is 31.66 m km2.
Grewia flava
Grewia flava, the brandy bush, wild currant, velvet raisin, or raisin tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae, native to southern Africa. A common shrub species, it is spreading into grasslands due to human rangeland management practices, and increasing rainfall. The berries, which are yellowish-brown and slightly lobed, are sweet and edible, but have little flesh and so are typically collected in large quantities to be eaten raw, dried or fermented into alcoholic beverages. The wood has a number of uses such as for making bows, knobkerries, traps and other tools. The desert truffle Kalaharituber pfeilii is often found in association with its roots.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
De Graaff's soft-furred mouse
De Graaff's soft-furred mouse (Praomys degraaffi) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are either the largest or second-largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 870 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.

The name Muridae comes from the Latin mus (genitive muris), meaning "mouse", since all true mice belong to the family, with the more typical mice belonging to the genus Mus.
Schärer
Schärer or Schaerer is a Swiss surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Céline Schärer (born 1990), Swiss triathlete

Erich Schärer (born 1946), Swiss bobsledder

Peter Schärer, Swiss bobsledder

Willy Schärer, (1903–1982), Swiss middle-distance runner

Ludwig Schaerer (1785–1853), Swiss pastor and lichenologist

Eduardo Schaerer (1873–1941), Swiss-Paraguayan politic leader and President of Paraguay between 1912 and 1916

Santiago Schaerer (1834–1895), Swiss colonizer and settler

Arturo Schaerer (1907–1979), Paraguayan journalist and entrepreneur

Eduardo Schaerer
Eduardo Schaerer Vera y Aragón (2 December 1873 – 12 November 1941) was a Swiss-Paraguayan businessman, publisher, and politician. He served as President of Paraguay from 1912 to 1916 for the Liberal Party, respectively briefly as the Minister of the Interior from March 22, 1912, to August 15, 1912, before assuming office as president. He previously served as mayor of Asuncion from 1908 to 1911.

After his presidency, he continued to serve in the Senate of Paraguay from 1921 to 1940. He served as the President of the Senate in 1919-1920. Schaerer founded the newspaper La Tribuna in 1925, one of the most important daily newspapers of Paraguay.
Rosmarie Wydler-Wälti
Rosmarie Wydler-Wälti (born 19 March 1950) is a Swiss environmentalist from Basel. In April 2024, as co-president of the Swiss organization Klimaseniorinnen (Senior Women for Climate Protection) she succeeded in winning a case in the European Court of Human Rights, arguing that Switzerland had failed to meet emission reduction targets in the face of increasing heatwaves. As a result, although the Swiss parliament later rejected the ruling, she was included on the BBC's 2024 list of 100 most inspiring and influential women.

100 Women (BBC)
100 Women is a BBC multi-format series established in 2013. The annual series examines the role of women in the 21st century and has included events in London and Mexico. Announcement of the list is the start of an international "BBC's women season", lasting three weeks including broadcast, online reports, debates and journalism on the topic of women. Women around the world are encouraged to participate via social media and comment on the list, as well as on the interviews and debates that follow release of the list.
2017 LTi Printing 200
The 2017 LTi Printing 200 was the 13th stock car race of the 2017 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series and the 18th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, August 12, 2017, in Brooklyn, Michigan at Michigan International Speedway, a two-mile (3.2 km) permanent moderate-banked D-shaped speedway. The race took the scheduled 100 laps to complete. At race's end, Bubba Wallace, driving for MDM Motorsports, would defend fiercely for the final 11 laps of the race to win his sixth and to date, final career NASCAR Camping World Truck Series win and his only win of the season. To fill out the podium, Christopher Bell and Kyle Busch, both driving for Kyle Busch Motorsports, would finish second and third, respectively.

Matt Crafton
Matthew Justin Crafton (born June 11, 1976) is an American semi-retired professional stock car racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, driving a Ford F-150 for ThorSport Racing. For 25 years, he competed full-time in the Truck Series, driving ThorSport's No. 88 truck for all but one year from 2001 to 2025.

A long-time veteran of the series, Crafton is a three-time champion, winning the championship in 2013, 2014, and 2019. He is regarded as one of the greatest drivers in Truck Series history. With the exception of 2004, Crafton has spent his entire truck series career driving for ThorSport Racing along with longtime sponsor Menards. He holds the record for most consecutive truck series starts with 591. Following the conclusion of the 2025, he stepped down from full-time competition, choosing to instead run a few select races a season going forward.
Drepanaspis
Drepanaspis (from Greek: δρεπάνη drepánē 'sickle' and Greek: ἀσπίς aspís 'shield') is an extinct genus of heterostracan armoured jawless fish from the Early Devonian (approximately 416 - 397 mya). Drepanaspis are assumed to have lived primarily in marine environments and is most commonly characterized by their ray-like, heavily armoured bodies, along with their lack of paired fins and jaws.

Early Devonian
The Early Devonian is the first of three epochs comprising the Devonian period, corresponding to the Lower Devonian series. It lasted from 419.62 ± 1.36 to 393.47 ± 0.99 and began with the Lochkovian Stage 419.62 ± 1.36 to 413.02 ± 0.99, which was followed by the Pragian from 413.02 ± 1.36 to 410.62 ± 0.99 and then by the Emsian, which lasted until the Middle Devonian began, 393.47± 0.99 million years ago.
During this time, the first ammonoids appeared, descending from bactritoid nautiloids. Ammonoids during this time period were simple and differed little from their nautiloid counterparts. These ammonoids belong to the order Agoniatitida, which in later epochs evolved to new ammonoid orders, for example Goniatitida and Clymeniida. This class of cephalopod molluscs would dominate the marine fauna until the beginning of the Mesozoic Era.
Norwegian County Road 255
County Road 255 (Norwegian: Fylkesvei 255) is a 108.4-kilometer (67.4 mi) road in Innlandet County, Norway. It runs from town of Vinstra in Nord-Fron Municipality to the junction with European route E6, just north of the town of Lillehammer in Lillehammer Municipality.

The road is being improved (it is being widened and a pedestrian path and bicycle path are being added) between Hovemoen (north of Lillehammer) and Segalstad bru and a connection is being built from Hovemoen to Storhove.

Before January 1, 2010 the route was a national road. It was reclassified as a county road in line with a reform transferring such routes to the counties.

Norwegian county road
A Norwegian county road (Bokmål: fylkesvei or Nynorsk: fylkesveg) is a highway in Norway owned and maintained by the local county municipality.  Some of the roads have road signs.  The signs are white with black numbers.
Maaro (film)
Maaro (Violent But Silent) is a 2011 Indian Telugu-language  action comedy film directed by Siddique. It stars Nithiin and Meera Chopra in the lead roles. The film was shot in 2005 and 2006 but was shelved. It was eventually released in 2011 to cash in on director Siddique's recent success with Bodyguard. The music is scored by Mani Sharma. Maaro is a remake of the Tamil film Sadhu Miranda. The film is loosely based on the director's own 1995 Malayalam film Mannar Mathai Speaking which was based on the 1958 movie Vertigo.

Siddique (director)
Siddique Ismail (25 March 1955  – 8 August 2023) was an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter and actor who predominantly worked in Malayalam cinema. He made his directorial debut with the Malayalam film Ramji Rao Speaking (1989). His screenwriting debut came with the Malayalam film Pappan Priyappetta Pappan (1986). His final film was Big Brother (2020).
Bean bag chair
The Sacco chair (also known as a beanbag chair, or simply a beanbag), is a large pear-shaped bag or sack (Italian: sacco) made of leather or fabric and filled with expanded polystyrene foam pellets ('beans') or a similar material. It is an example of anatomic design, as the user's body determines its form. The Sacco chair was designed by Piero Gatti, Cesare Paolini, and Franco Teodoro in 1968, and became "one of the icons of the Italian anti-design movement. Its complete flexibility and formlessness made it the perfect antidote to the static formalism of mainstream Italian furniture of the period," according to design historian Penny Spark.

The Sacco chair was awarded the Compasso d'Oro and is in the collections of many museums, including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Musée National d'Art Moderne in Paris, the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, and the ADI Design Museum in Milan.

Foam peanut
Foam peanuts, also known as foam popcorn, packing peanuts,  or packing noodles, are a common loose-fill packaging and cushioning material used to prevent damage to fragile objects during shipping. They are shaped to interlock when compressed and free flow when not compressed. They are roughly the size and shape of an unshelled peanut and commonly made of expanded polystyrene foam. 50–75 millimetres (2-3 in) of peanuts are typically used for cushioning and void filling packaging applications. The original patent was filed for by Robert E. Holden in 1962 and was granted in 1965.
1876 Belgian general election
Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 13 June 1876. In the elections for the Chamber of Representatives the result was a victory for the Catholic Party, which won 67 of the 124 seats. Voter turnout was 67.5%, although only 63,278 people were eligible to vote.

Under the alternating system, elections were only held in five out of the nine provinces: Antwerp, Brabant, Luxembourg, Namur and West Flanders.

Additionally, special elections were held:

Simultaneously with the partial general elections to elect a representative for the arrondissement of Liège

On 7 August 1876 to elect a representative for the arrondissement of Leuven following the death of Edouard Wouters on 13 July 1876

On 7 September 1876 to elect a representative for the arrondissement of Virton replacing Albert de Briey

Arrondissement of Liège
The Arrondissement of Liège (French: Arrondissement de Liège; Dutch: Arrondissement Luik) is one of the four administrative arrondissements in the Walloon province of Liège, Belgium.

It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement. However, the Judicial Arrondissement of Liège also comprises the municipalities of Berloz, Crisnée, Donceel, Faimes, Fexhe-le-Haut-Clocher, Geer, Oreye, Remicourt and Waremme in the Arrondissement of Waremme. The municipality of Comblain-au-Pont, even though it is a part of the Administrative Arrondissement of Liège, is not a part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Liège, but of the Judicial Arrondissement of Huy.
Fox Ridge Historic District (Harrisburg)
The Fox Ridge Historic District (or Fox Ridge) is a municipal historic district and neighborhood within Midtown, Harrisburg recognized by the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC). The district was adopted by the PHMC in February 1983 and certified by the Secretary of the Interior in January 1985 as an addition to the larger Harrisburg Historic District. The neighborhood district, sometimes called Old Fox Ridge, is between Third and 6th Streets and Forster and Herr Streets. It contains mostly 19th Century vernacular style homes, with some institutional buildings. New Fox Ridge, a homeowners association, is one of the city's first modern town house developments, a collection of 63 brick town houses along North Third Street.

Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
The  Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission (PHMC) is the governmental agency of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, responsible for the collection, conservation, and interpretation of Pennsylvania's heritage. The commission cares for historical manuscripts, public records, and objects of historical interest; museums; archeology; publications; historic sites and properties; historic preservation; geographic names; and the promotion of public interest in Pennsylvania history.

PHMC was established on June 6, 1945, by state Act No. 446, merging the Pennsylvania Historical Commission (PHC), The State Museum of Pennsylvania, and Pennsylvania State Archives.
Chemical Senses
Chemical Senses is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of chemoreception, including taste, smell, vomeronasal, and trigeminal chemoreception in humans and other animals. It is published by Oxford University Press and the editor-in-chief is Steven D. Munger (University of Florida). It is the official journal of the Association for Chemoreception Sciences, the European Chemosensory Research Organization, the Japanese Association for the Study of Taste and Smell, the Australasian Association for Chemosensory Science, and the Korean Society for Chemical Senses and Ingestive Behavior.

Chemoreceptor
A chemoreceptor, also known as chemosensor, is a specialized sensory receptor which transduces a chemical substance (endogenous or induced) to generate a biological signal. This signal may be in the form of an action potential, if the chemoreceptor is a neuron, or in the form of a neurotransmitter that can activate a nerve fiber if the chemoreceptor is a specialized cell, such as taste receptors, or an internal peripheral chemoreceptor, such as the carotid bodies. In physiology, a chemoreceptor detects changes in the normal environment, such as an increase in blood levels of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) or a decrease in blood levels of oxygen (hypoxia), and transmits that information to the central nervous system which engages body responses to restore homeostasis.

In bacteria, chemoreceptors are essential in the mediation of chemotaxis.
Nevada State Route 231
State Route 231 (SR 231) is an unsigned state highway in Elko County, Nevada, United States. Known as Angel Lake Road, the highway connects Angel Lake to the town of Wells. SR 231 is a Nevada Scenic Byway.

Wells, Nevada
Wells is a small city in Elko County, in northeast Nevada in the western United States. As of the 2020 census, Wells had a population of 1,237. Wells is located at the junction of Interstate 80 and U.S. Route 93, approximately 50 miles (80 km) east of Elko and is part of the Elko micropolitan area.
Robert Coogan (priest)
Christianity portal

Robert Arthur William Coogan (11 July 1929 - 25 February 2025) was an Australian-born Anglican clergyman who was Archdeacon of Hampstead from 1985 to 1994.

A Tasmanian, Coogan was educated at his home state university and later completed a diploma in Theology at Durham University. He was Curate of  St Andrew, Plaistow then Rector of Bothwell. He then held further incumbencies in North Woolwich, Hampstead, Gospel Oak and Old St Pancras. He was also Area Dean of South Camden (1975–1981) and North Camden (1978–1983); a Prebendary of St Paul's Cathedral (1982-1985; and Examing Chaplain to the Bishop of Edmonton from 1985 to 1994.

Coogan died in 2025, aged 95.

Prebendary
A prebendary is a member of the Catholic or Anglican clergy, a form of canon with a role in the administration of a cathedral or collegiate church.  When attending services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.
David Anderson (Australian politician)
David More Anderson (2 February 1865 – 11 February 1936) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Glasgow, Scotland, to master painter Archibald Anderson and Elizabeth Buchanan, née More. He arrived in Australia in 1884, finding work as a grocer, agent and auctioneer in the Leichhardt area of Sydney. Around 1891 he married Emily Amelia Ely Linderman, with whom he had two children; he would later marry Florence May McWhirter and have a further six children. In 1896 he moved to Gladesville and in 1905 to Ryde, serving as an alderman on Ryde Municipal Council from 1896 to 1919 (mayor 1904, 1908, 1913). He continued to work in the real estate and auctioneering business, and also established a brickworks in 1910. In 1920 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as a Nationalist member for Ryde. With the reintroduction of single-member districts in 1927 he was elected as the member for Eastwood, but he was defeated in 1930. Anderson died at Ryde in 1936.

Electoral district of Eastwood
Eastwood was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales from 1927 to 1930 and from 1950 to 1999. It included Eastwood. In its second incarnation, it was a comfortably safe seat for the Liberal Party.

It was abolished in 1999, and mostly replaced by Epping.
Shuangmiao Township, Sichuan
Shuangmiao Township (simplified Chinese: 双庙乡; traditional Chinese: 雙廟鄉; pinyin: Shuāngmiào Xiāng; lit. 'double temple') is a township of Da County in northeastern Sichuan province, China, located about 27 kilometres (17 mi) south-southwest of downtown Dazhou. As of 2011, it has 2 residential communities (社区) and 20 villages under its administration.

Dazhou
Dazhou (simplified Chinese: 达州; traditional Chinese: 達州; pinyin: Dázhōu; Wade–Giles: Ta-chou) is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of Sichuan province, China, bordering Shaanxi to the north and Chongqing to the east and south. At the end of 2024 and the beginning of 2025, the resident population will be 5,304,300, the urbanization rate is 52.72%, the urban population is 2.794 million, and the rural population is 2.506 million        live in the built-up (or metro) area made of 2 urban districts.
Ingrandes, Maine-et-Loire
Ingrandes (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃ɡʁɑ̃d] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department, Pays de la Loire, France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Ingrandes-le-Fresne-sur-Loire.

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Shovar, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
Shovar (Persian: شوار, also Romanized as Shovār and Shavār; also known as Shovārz) is a village in Barez Rural District, Manj District, Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 330, in 69 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
Jean Baptiste Lutz
Jean Baptiste Lutz (born January 12, 1988) is a French sprint canoeist who has competed since the late 2000s. He won a bronze medal in the K-1 4 x 200 m event at the 2009 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Dartmouth.

Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
Dartmouth (/ˈdɑːrtməθ/ DART-məth) is a built-up community of the Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada. Located on the eastern shore of Halifax Harbour, Dartmouth has 72,139 residents as of 2021.
Vrouwekerk
The Vrouwekerk ("Lady's Church") or Vrouwenkerk ("Ladies' Church"), originally known as the Onze-Lieve-Vrouwekerk ("Church of Our Lady"), was a 14th-century church in the Dutch city of Leiden. In the early 17th century, the church was attended by the Pilgrims (who left Leiden to settle in Plymouth Colony) as well as by the first colonists to settle on Manhattan.

The ruined remains of this Gothic church are located on the Vrouwenkerkhof square opposite Museum Boerhaave, just north of the busy shopping street Haarlemmerstraat. The alley Vrouwenkerksteeg, which runs from the Haarlemmerstraat to the Vrouwenkerkhof, is also named after the Vrouwekerk church. The church remains have rijksmonument (national monument) status. In 2008–2009 the church underwent restoration.

Carolus Clusius and Joseph Justus Scaliger were buried in the Vrouwekerk.

Joseph Justus Scaliger
Joseph Justus Scaliger (/ˈskælɪdʒər/; 5 August 1540 – 21 January 1609) was a Franco-Italian Calvinist religious leader and scholar, known for expanding the notion of classical history from Greek and Ancient Roman history to include Persian, Babylonian, Jewish and Ancient Egyptian history. He spent the last sixteen years of his life in the Netherlands.