hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Equestrian statue of Edward VII (Toronto)
An equestrian statue of Edward VII is installed in Toronto's Queen's Park, in Ontario, Canada.

Originally located in Delhi, India, the sculpture was unveiled by King George V when he visited India for the 1911 Coronation Durbar.

The statue was donated to the city of Toronto in 1969 by Hal Jackman, a Canadian businessman.  The statue had been placed in storage after Indian independence.  It was disassembled into three pieces, shipped to Toronto, and erected in front of Queen's Park.  The statue was accepted by Toronto mayor William Dennison on behalf of the city's Parks and Recreation Committee.  The mayor also agreed to Jackman's proposal to place it front and centre of the oval grounds at Queen's Park without public consultation, at a cost to the city of $25,000 (over $200,000 in 2026 dollars).

In 2017, performance artists Life of a Craphead created a replica and submerged it in the Don River as an artistic commentary on colonialism.

Equestrian statue
An equestrian statue is a statue of a rider mounted on a horse, from the Latin eques, meaning 'knight', deriving from equus, meaning 'horse'. A statue of a riderless horse is strictly an equine statue. A full-sized equestrian statue is a difficult and expensive object for any culture to produce, and figures have typically been portraits of rulers or, in the Renaissance and more recently, military commanders.

Although there are outliers, the form is essentially a tradition in Western art, used for imperial propaganda by the Roman emperors, with a significant revival in Italian Renaissance sculpture, which continued across Europe in the Baroque, as mastering the large-scale casting of bronze became more widespread, and later periods.

Statues at well under life-size have been popular in various materials, including porcelain, since the Renaissance. The riders in these may not be portraits, but figures from classical mythology or generic figures such as Native Americans.
André Moritz
André Francisco Moritz (born 6 August 1986) is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder or winger. During his career, he also played for football clubs in Turkey, England, India, South Korea, Thailand and Singapore.

Toyota Premier Cup
The Toyota Premier Cup was a single-game cup competition organized by the Toyota and Football Association of Thailand and was first played in 2011. It features the winners of the Thai League Cup and an invited team from the J1 League. The competition sponsor was Toyota Motor (Thailand) Co., Ltd.

Since 2018 Toyota, sponsor for this tournament decided to abolished the tournament.
1995 Peshawar bombing
A car bomb exploded on 21 December 1995 outside a department store in Saddar Bazaar, Peshawar, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. It killed at least 32 people and injured over 100 others. Those killed include a daughter and two grandchildren of the Governor of North-West Frontier Province, Khurshid Ali Khan.

Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly known as Governor of North-West Frontier Province) is the appointed head of state of the provincial government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly North-West Frontier Province, or NWFP), Pakistan. Although the governor is the head of the province on paper, it is largely a ceremonial position; and the main powers lie with the elected Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Chief Secretary Khyber Pakhtunkhwa the senior-most bureaucrat in the province.

However, throughout the history of Pakistan, the powers of the provincial governors were vastly increased, when the provincial assemblies were dissolved and the administrative role came under direct control of the governors, as in the cases of martial laws of 1958–1972 and 1977–1985, and governor rules of 1999–2002. In the case of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, there were two direct governor rules, in 1975 and 1994, when the provincial chief ministers of those times were removed and assemblies dissolved.
2009 JSM Challenger of Champaign–Urbana – Doubles
Rajeev Ram and Bobby Reynolds were the defending champions, but Reynolds decided to not compete due to injury.
As a result, Ram partnered with David Martin, however they were eliminated by brothers Battistone in the quarterfinals.
Brian and Dann Battistone won in the final match 7–5, 7–6(5), against Treat Conrad Huey and Harsh Mankad.

Dann Battistone
Dann Battistone (born 10 April 1976) is an American tennis player.

Battistone has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 177 achieved on 6 April 2009. Battistone has won 2 ATP Challenger doubles titles.

Battistone made his ATP main draw debut at the 2008 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships in the doubles draw partnering his brother Brian Battistone.

Battistone and his brother made headlines when they played using a two-handled racket.
1958 Gabonese constitutional referendum
A referendum on the new constitution of France was held in French Gabon on 28 September 1958 as part of a wider referendum held across the French Union. The new constitution would see the country become part of the new French Community if accepted, or result in independence if rejected. It was approved by 92.6% of voters, with a 78.7% turnout.

Constitution of France
The current Constitution of France was adopted on 4 October 1958. It is typically called the Constitution of the Fifth Republic (French: la Constitution de la Cinquième République), and it replaced the Constitution of the Fourth Republic of 1946, keeping it's preamble. The current Constitution regards the separation of church and state, democracy, social welfare, and indivisibility as core principles of the French state.

Charles de Gaulle was the main driving force in introducing the new constitution and inaugurating the Fifth Republic, while the text was drafted by Michel Debré. Since then, the constitution has been amended twenty-five times, notably in 2008 and most recently in 2024.
Llorar Lloviendo
"Llorar Lloviendo" (English: "Cry Raining") is a song by Puerto Rican-American singer and songwriter Toby Love. It was released on May 20, 2008, by Sony BMG Norte as the first single for Love's second studio album, Love Is Back (2008). Different remixes of the song were made with Bachata group Marcy Place, Periel & Jakziel (as an urban pop version), and one referred to as the Pokerface remix.

Sony Music Latin
Sony Music Entertainment US Latin LLC (often referred to as Sony Music Latin) is an American record label owned by Sony Music. The label focuses on artists of Latin music. Sony Latin was also a division of the Sony Discos label.
Nun Gun
Nun Gun is a multimedia collaboration between visual artist Brad Feuerhelm, and musicians Lee Tesche and Ryan Mahan of the band Algiers. Their debut release, Mondo Decay, pairs a book of Feuerhelm's photography with an accompanying original soundtrack cassette produced by Tesche and Mahan. The project features guest contributions from Mark Stewart of The Pop Group, Adrian Sherwood, ONO, Mourning [A] BLKstar, artists Luiza Prado and Farbod Kokabi, as well as authors Blake Butler, Michael Salu, and Sohail Daulatzai.

Blake Butler (author)
Blake Butler (born 1979) is an American writer and editor. He edited the literature blog HTMLGIANT and several journals, including Lamination Colony, and, with co-editor Ken Baumann, No Colony. His writing has appeared in The New York Times, Harper's, The Paris Review, Birkensnake, The Believer, Unsaid, Fence, Willow Springs, The Lifted Brow, Opium Magazine, Gigantic, and Black Warrior Review. He also wrote a regular column for Vice magazine.

Butler attended Georgia Tech, where he majored in Science, Technology, and Culture. He earned a Master of Fine Arts from Bennington College. He was married to poet and memoirist Molly Brodak from 2017 until her death in 2020. Since 2022 he has been married to writer Megan Boyle.
Herbert Sharp
Herbert Hastings Sharp (23 July 1881 – 1 September 1918) was an English-born New Zealand first-class cricketer and New Zealand Army soldier.

The son of Hastings Sharp, he was born in July 1881 at Blackheath, Kent. He was educated at St. Lawrence College, Ramsgate. Sharp immigrated to New Zealand around 1901, where he gained employment with a Mr. Carlyon. He was a cricket enthusiast, playing club cricket in Poverty Bay. Sharp appeared once in first-class cricket, playing for Hawke's Bay against Auckland at Auckland Domain in 1905. In a heavy defeat for Hawke's Bay, he made scores of 13 and 1, being dismissed by Jocelyn Kallender and William Stemson respectively.

Sharp served in the First World War, seeing action on the Western Front in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force as a corporal with the 26th Reinforcements. He was killed in action on 1 September 1918 near Bancourt during the Second Battle of Bapaume. He is buried at the Bancourt British Cemetery.

Poverty Bay
Poverty Bay (Māori: Tūranganui-a-Kiwa), officially named Tūranganui-a-Kiwa / Poverty Bay, is the largest of several small bays on the east coast of New Zealand's North Island to the north of Hawke Bay. It stretches for 10 kilometres (6 mi) from Young Nick's Head in the southwest to Tuaheni Point in the northeast. The city of Gisborne is located on the northern shore of the bay and the small settlement of Muriwai is located at the bay's southern end. The name is often used by extension to refer to the entire area surrounding the city of Gisborne.

Poverty Bay is the home of the Māori iwi (tribes) Te Aitanga-a-Māhaki, Rongowhakaata and Ngāi Tāmanuhiri.
Château d'Ochsenstein
The Château d'Ochsenstein is a ruined castle located in the commune of Reinhardsmunster, in the Bas-Rhin département of France. It was home to the Ochsensteins, a powerful family from medieval Alsace. The castle sits upon three sandstone spurs and comprises three separate castles: le Grand Ochsenstein, le Petit Ochsenstein and a third building, thought to be called le Château de Wachelheim.

Ochsenstein castle has been classified as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1898.

Ministry of Culture (France)
The Ministry of Culture (French: Ministère de la Culture [ministɛʁ də la kyltyʁ]) is the ministry of the Government of France in charge of national museums and the monuments historiques. Its goal is to maintain the French identity through the promotion and protection of the arts (visual, plastic, theatrical, musical, dance, architectural, literary, televisual and cinematographic) on national soil and abroad. Its budget is mainly dedicated to the management of the Archives Nationales (six national sites and hundred decentralised storage facilities) and the regional Maisons de la culture (culture centres).

Its main office is in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement of Paris on the Rue de Valois. It is headed by the Minister of Culture, a cabinet member. The most recent officeholder has been Rachida Dati, before she resigned to focus on her candidacy of the 2026 Paris municipal election.
Michael Birkin
Air Cdre James Michael Birkin CB DSO OBE DFC AFC DL RAF (23 April 1912 – 17 November 1985) was a Royal Air Force officer.

He served during the Second World War where he was awarded the AFC (1942), DFC (1944) and DSO (1944). After the war he was aide-de-camp to Queen Elizabeth II from 1957 to 1963, and High Sheriff of the Isle of Wight.

Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
The Air Force Cross (AFC) is a military decoration awarded to officers, and since 1993 other ranks, of the British Armed Forces, and formerly also to officers of the other Commonwealth countries. It is granted for "an act or acts of exemplary gallantry while flying, though not in active operations against the enemy". A bar is added to the ribbon for holders who are awarded a further AFC.
Signet ring cell
In histology, a signet ring cell is a cell with a large vacuole. The malignant type is seen predominantly in carcinomas. 
Signet ring cells are most frequently associated with stomach cancer, but can arise from any number of tissues including the prostate, bladder, gallbladder, breast, colon, ovarian stroma and testis.

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.
Gau badge
A Gau badge (Gau-Abzeichen) or Gau Commemorate Badges (Gau-Traditions, Gau-Ehrenzeichen) were a political award of the Nazi Party, issued by various Gauleiters of the Nazi political districts to recognize loyal service or to commemorate an event. A Gau of Nazi Germany, which was a geographical region parallel to the traditional German states (known as Länder). The Gau badges were considered Party awards, but were not recognized as national awards. Regulations for award were determined by the Gauleiter as were any award degrees. They could be worn at any time, except when wearing the Golden Party Badge. A few were issued in different classes, such as silver and gold.

Gauleiter
A Gauleiter (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʊlaɪtɐ] ⓘ) was a regional leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) who served as the head of a Gau or Reichsgau. Gauleiter was the third-highest rank in the Nazi political leadership, subordinate only to Reichsleiter and to the Führer himself. The position was effectively abolished with the fall of the Nazi regime on 8 May 1945.
T. R. Paarivendhar
Thandavarayapuram Ramasamy Paarivendhar, better known as T. R. Paarivendhar (also known as T. R. Pachamuthu, born 24 August 1941) is an Indian politician, academician, founder-president of Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi and Ex MP to the 17th Lok Sabha from Perambalur Lok Sabha constituency, Tamil Nadu.

He is well known as the founder-chairman of the SRM Institute of Science and Technology.

SRM Institute of Science and Technology
SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST) is a private deemed university located in Kattankulathur, (near Chennai), Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1985 as SRM Engineering College in Kattankulathur, it gained the deemed University status in 2002. SRM Institute of Science and Technology is spread across six campuses — Chennai (Kattankulathur, Ramapuram, Vadapalani, Baburayanpettai), Ghaziabad and Tiruchirappalli. Those are all same off-campuses of same University with headquarters being in Chennai (Kattankulathur) as per section 3 of University Grants Commission Act, 1956. It has three sister universities in Amaravati (Andhra Pradesh), Sonepet (Haryana) and Gangtok (Sikkim).
Elong Elong, New South Wales
Elong Elong is a locality on the Golden Highway in New South Wales, Australia.

Elong Elong has several houses and a grain silo on the line from Dubbo to Binnaway.  It is located between Ballimore and Cobbora.   East of Elong Elong,  the railway turns away from the Talbragar River and heads north through the forest to Mendooran.

According to the 2016 Australian census it has a population of 115 people.

Mendooran
Mendooran (pronunciation: men-door-an) is a small town adjacent to the Castlereagh River in the Warrumbungle Shire of central western New South Wales, Australia. The town lies at an altitude of 271 metres above sea level, 348 kilometres west of Sydney, 75 kilometres from Dubbo and 71 kilometres southeast of Coonabarabran. At the 2021 census, Mendooran had a population of 275 people. The Castlereagh Highway also runs through the town, changing its name to Bandulla Street in the centre.
Architecture of the Bulgarian Revival
The architecture of the Bulgarian Revival is an Ottoman style architecture developed between 1770 and 1900.

Plovdiv's Old Town is a living museum of the type of National Revival architecture that developed there (there were regional differences) in the early to mid-1800.

The roots of the houses of Bulgarian Revival follows a tradition of buildings from the architecture of the Second Bulgarian Empire. There are cities in Bulgaria with preserved Revival architecture are:the old town of Plovdiv, the mountain towns of Tryavna, Kotel, Sopot, Koprivshtitsa, Elena, the old Bulgarian capital - Veliko Tarnovo and others.

Tryavna
Tryavna (Bulgarian: Трявна [ˈtrʲavnɐ]) is a town in central Bulgaria, situated on the northern slopes of the Balkan range, in the Tryavna river valley, near Gabrovo. It is famous for its textile industry and typical National Revival architecture, featuring 140 cultural monuments, museums, and expositions. Tryavna is the birthplace of Bulgarian writer Pencho Slaveykov and revolutionary Angel Kanchev.

The town is the administrative centre of the eponymous Tryavna Municipality. As of December 2009, it had a population of 9,831.
Tarantella Napoletana
The "Tarantella Napoletana" is a tarantella song that concludes the opera La festa di Piedigrotta by Luigi Ricci, associated with Naples. It is familiar to North American viewers of popular media as a quintessentially Italian musical riff or melody.

The tarantella was adapted into the 1950 song "Lucky, Lucky, Lucky Me", written by Buddy Arnold and Milton Berle, and performed by Evelyn Knight and the Ray Charles Band.

Milton Berle
Milton Berle (born Mendel Berlinger; Yiddish: ‏מענדעל בערלינגער; July 12, 1908 – March 27, 2002) was an American actor and comedian. His career as an entertainer spanned over eight decades, first in silent films and on stage as a child actor, then in radio, movies and television. As the host of NBC's Texaco Star Theatre (1948–1953), he was the first major American television star and was known to millions of viewers as "Uncle Miltie" and "Mr. Television" during the first Golden Age of Television. He was honored with two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his work in both radio and TV.
Uniform Determination of Death Act
The Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) is a model state law that was approved for the United States in 1981 by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, in cooperation with the American Medical Association, the American Bar Association, and the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The act has since been adopted by most US states and is intended "to provide a comprehensive and medically sound basis for determining death in all situations". Brain death is a different condition than persistent vegetative state. Due to better seat belt use, bicycle helmets, and the general decrease in violent crime, there are lower numbers of brain deaths now than historically. Donation after cardiac death (DCD) is a new protocol applied when there is severe neurologic injury but the patient does not meet the criteria for brain death.

The three sections of the Act proposed for enactment read as follows.

Vegetative state
A vegetative state (VS)  or post-coma unresponsiveness (PCU) is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. After four weeks in a vegetative state, the patient is classified as being in a persistent vegetative state (PVS). This diagnosis is classified as a permanent vegetative state some months (three in the US and six in the UK) after a non-traumatic brain injury or one year after a traumatic injury. The term unresponsive wakefulness syndrome may be used alternatively, as "vegetative state" has some negative connotations among the public. It is occasionally also called Apallic syndrome or Apallisches syndrome, borrowings from German, primarily in European or older sources.
Queen's Quarterly
Queen's Quarterly is a Canadian quarterly peer-reviewed literary and academic journal of cultural studies. Established in 1893 at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, Queen's Quarterly is Canada's oldest academic quarterly. This magazine has won numerous awards including awards and nominations from National Media Awards Foundation.

Some of the key founders are George Munro Grant, Sanford Fleming, and John Watson. The journal publishes articles, essays, reviews, short stories and poetry. It is abstracted and indexed in the Arts & Humanities Citation Index, Current Contents, MLA International Bibliography, and Abstracts of English Studies.

George Monro Grant
George Monro Grant CMG FRSC (December 22, 1835 – May 10, 1902) was a Canadian church minister, writer, and political activist. He served as principal of Queen's College, Kingston, Ontario, for 25 years, from 1877 until 1902.
Andreas Efstratiou
Andreas Efstratiou (Greek: Ανδρέας Ευστρατίου) is a Cypriot bridal shop owner and perennial candidate. He has been a candidate in every Cypriot presidential and parliamentary election since 2000 and every European election until 2019. In the 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 presidential elections he received 0.15, 0.16, 0.10 and 0.22% of the vote, respectively, and in the 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 parliamentary elections, he received 1.10, 1.40, 0.65 and 0.62% of the vote in Paphos Constituency, respectively. As a candidate for MEP, he received 0.13, 0.13 and 0.18% of the vote in the 2004, 2009 and 2014 European elections, respectively.

Perennial candidate
A perennial candidate is a term for a political candidate who frequently runs for elected office and rarely, if ever, wins. Perennial candidates are most common where there is no limit on the number of times that a person can run for office and little cost to register as a candidate.
Spacefest
Spacefest is a semi-annual convention held in Tucson, Arizona, focused on space exploration, spaceflight history, astronomical art, and science communication. Organized by Novaspace Galleries, the event features presentations by astronauts, planetary scientists, engineers, and artists, art exhibitions, and memorabilia sales.

STS-61-C
STS-61-C was the 24th mission of NASA's Space Shuttle program, and the seventh mission of Space Shuttle Columbia. It was the first time that Columbia, the first space-rated Space Shuttle orbiter to be constructed, had flown since STS-9. The mission launched from Florida's Kennedy Space Center on January 12, 1986, and landed six days later on January 18, 1986. STS-61-C's seven-person crew included the first Costa Rican-born astronaut, Franklin Chang-Díaz, the second African-American shuttle pilot, Charles Bolden, and the second sitting politician to fly in space, Rep. Bill Nelson (D-FL). Both Bolden and Nelson would also later go on to become Administrators of NASA. STS-61-C was the last shuttle mission before the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster, which occurred ten days after STS-61-C's landing.
William H. Lee House
William H. Lee House, also known as Billy Lee Farm, is a historic home located at Lewiston, Bertie County, North Carolina. It was built about 1820, and is a two-story, three-bay, hall and parlor plan frame Federal style I-house. It has a side gable roof and rests on a brick pier foundation.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Hall and parlor house
A hall-and-parlor house is a type of vernacular house found in early-modern to 19th century England, as well as in colonial North America. It is presumed to have been the model on which other North American house types have been developed, such as the Cape Cod house, saltbox, and central-passage house, and in turn influenced the somewhat-later I-house. In England it had been a more modest development from the medieval hall house.