hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Shepherd (jockey)
John Shepherd (9 October 1765 - 1848) was a four times British Classic-winning jockey and trainer. He was a pioneering Northern jockey, one of the few of his time to move south to Newmarket, the home of British horse racing and gain a reputation there.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
Hula massacre
The Hula massacre took place between 31 October and 1 November 1948 in Hula, a village in Lebanon 3 km west of Kibbutz Manara, not far from the Litani River. It was captured on October 24 by the Carmeli Brigade of the Israel Defense Forces without any resistance. The women and children were expelled, most of the men aged between 15 and 60 were shot. In total between 35 and 58 men were executed in a house which was later blown up on top of them. One Israeli officer was tried and convicted by a military court and sentenced to seven years in prison, though this sentence was reduced to one year on appeal.

Carmeli Brigade
2nd "Carmeli" Brigade (Hebrew: חטיבת כרמלי, Hativat Carmeli, former 165th Brigade) is a reserve infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces, part of the Northern Command. Today the brigade consists of four battalions, including one reconnaissance battalion.
Myanmar and weapons of mass destruction
In 2009, it was reported that Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) was suspected to have initiated a nuclear weapons program. If such a program does exist, Myanmar's technical and financial limitations may make it difficult for the program to succeed. The United States expressed concern in 2011 about potential violations of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), though by 2012 these concerns had been "partially allayed".

Myanmar has faced persistent accusations of using chemical weapons; however, the NTI has stated there is "no evidence to suggest that Myanmar has a chemical weapons program." Myanmar is a member of nuclear, but not chemical or biological, non-proliferation treaties.

Nuclear Threat Initiative
The Nuclear Threat Initiative, generally referred to as NTI, is an American non-profit organization located in Washington, D.C. NTI was founded in 2001 by former U.S. Senator Sam Nunn and philanthropist Ted Turner and describes itself as a "a nonprofit, nonpartisan global security organization focused on reducing nuclear, biological, and emerging technology threats imperiling humanity."

NTI has four policy programs: the Global Nuclear Policy Program, Nuclear Materials Security, Emerging Tech, and Global Biological Policy and Programs (stylized as NTI | bio).
Charles Bonaventure Marie Toullier
Charles Bonaventure Marie Toullier, born 21 January 1752 in Dol-de-Bretagne, died in Rennes on 19 September 1835, was a French Jurisconsult. He is cited significantly in Proudhon's seminal work What Is Property?.

Dol-de-Bretagne
Dol-de-Bretagne (French pronunciation: [dɔl də bʁətaɲ], literally Dol of Brittany; Breton: Dol; Gallo: Dóu), cited in most historical records under its Breton name of Dol, is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine département in Brittany in northwestern France.
Chashmasor, Fayzobod District
Chashmasor (Tajik: Чашмасор, Persian: چشمه‌سار) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Fayzobod District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It consists of 7 villages, including Chashmasor (the seat) and Takhtialif.

Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction
Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, also translated as Districts under Republican Subordination (Russian: Районы республиканского подчинения; Tajik: Ноҳияҳои тобеи ҷумҳурӣ, romanized: Nohiyahoyi tobe’i jumhuriy), is a region in Tajikistan, consisting of 9 districts and 4 district-level cities that are directly under central administration. Dushanbe, the capital of Tajikistan, is surrounded by the Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction, but not part of it. The region shares a border with Dushanbe, Sughd, GBAO, Khatlon, Kyrgyzstan (Batken and Osh regions) and Uzbekistan (Surxondaryo). The region covers an area of 28,500 square kilometres, and has a total population of 2,165,900 (2020). The Districts' ethnic composition in 2010 was 85% Tajik and 11.7% Uzbek.
1974 Great Britain Lions tour
The 1974 Great Britain Lions tour was the Great Britain national rugby league team's 15th tour of Australasia and took place from May to August 1974. A total of 28 matches were played against local club and representative sides during the tour, including a three match Test match series against Australia and New Zealand respectively.

Test match (rugby league)
A test match is a historical term used in rugby league football which has no official use with the sports global governing body – the International Rugby League (IRL).

The term predates the creation of the IRL, thus every national governing body has slightly varying definitions which has changed throughout history. As such, it is possible for a game to have test status in one nation but not the other. The Rugby Football League (RFL), the governing body in England and first governing body of the sport, currently defines a "Test Match" as "a game of Rugby League Football played between teams representing members of the IRL".

The first official test match took place on 1 January 1908 when Wales defeated New Zealand 9–8 at the Aberdare Athletic Ground in Aberdare, Wales in front of approximately 15,000 fans. The match was the 29th game of the 1907–08 All Golds tour.
Bufliaz
Bufliaz, or Bafliaz, is a village and the headquarters of the eponymous community development block in Surankote tehsil of Poonch district in the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It lies on the Poonch–Rajouri road and is also the starting point of the Mughal Road that leads into the Kashmir Valley through Shopian.

According to local legend, Bufliaz was the place where Bucephalus, the favourite horse of Macedonian king Alexander was killed in battle with the son of Porus. They claim Bafilyaz is the corrupted form of Buccaphalus.

Porus
Porus or Puru (Ancient Greek: Πῶρος Pôros; fl. 326–321 BC) was an ancient Indian king whose territory spanned the region between the Jhelum River (Hydaspes) and Chenab River (Acesines) in the Punjab region. He is only mentioned in Greek sources.
Said to be a warrior with exceptional skills, Porus fought against Alexander the Great in the Battle of the Hydaspes (326 BC). Following the conflict, Porus retained his kingship. Alexander not only reinstated him as his satrap but also expanded his jurisdiction to include dominion over lands to the south-east extending as far as the Hyphasis (Beas). Porus reportedly died sometime between 321 and 315 BC.
Andrea Nguyen
Andrea Nguyen (born 1969) is a Vietnamese-born, American teacher, food writer, cookbook author and chef living in the San Francisco area. An expert on Asian cuisine and cooking methods, Nguyen has written numerous cookbooks on the food of her native Vietnam, as well as an account of her family's escape during the Fall of Saigon. Later in life, she turned to plant-based cooking. She writes an active blog, newsletter, as well as articles for newspapers and food magazines and teaches cooking classes throughout the country.

She won a 2018 James Beard Foundation Award (Single Subject) for The Pho Cookbook. She also received two additional James Beard cookbook nominations: Into the Vietnamese Kitchen: Treasured Foodways, Modern Flavors (Best Asian, 2007) and Ever-Green Vietnamese: Super-Fresh Recipes, Starring Plants from Land and Sea (Vegetable-Focused Cooking, 2024).

Cooking Light
Cooking Light is an American monthly food and lifestyle magazine founded in 1987.

Cover price is $12.99 an issue. Cooking Light, published by Dotdash Meredith, currently publishes 4 times annually. The magazine itself merged with Eating Well in 2018, but publishes separate special issues.
Lynn McAlevey
Lynn George McAlevey (born 31 May 1953) is a New Zealand former university lecturer and first-class cricketer. He played two first-class matches for the Otago cricket team during the 1975–76 season.

McAlevey was born at Dunedin in 1953 and educated at King's High School in the city. He played age-group cricket for Otago from the 1971–72 season and played for the University of Otago Cricket Club and the New Zealand Universities side. His two senior representative matches both came in early 1976. In his second match he top-scored in otago's first innings with 48 runs.

McAlevey went on to lecture in finance in the Otago Business School at the University of Otago, joining the school in 1985 and specialising in research into the housing market and house price bubbles. He retired in 2018.

King's High School, Dunedin
King's High School is a state single-sex boys' secondary school in Dunedin, New Zealand. It is located at the southern end of the city close to the boundary between the suburbs of South Dunedin, St. Clair and Forbury, next to the parallel single-sex girls' school, Queen's High School. Both schools share several facilities, including the Performing Arts Centre which opened in 2006.
Anna Barańska (climber)
Anna Barańska – a Polish mountaineer, and climber of three eight-thousanders. She became the first Polish woman to summit Mount Everest from the North side on 21 May 2009. She was born and resides in Warsaw. She obtained her two master's degrees from the Warsaw School of Economics and works in finance and investments. She is not a member of any mountaineering organization. She began climbing in 2000 with the ascent of Rysy from the Slovak side. Her subsequent climbs include: Gerlach (2650 m) – June 2000; Triglav (2864 m) – September 2001; Mont Blanc (4810 m) – August 2002; Elbrus (5642 m) – unsuccessful summit attempt in August 2003; Lenin Peak (7210 m) via the normal route – June 2004.

Gerlach
Gerlach is a male forename of Germanic origin, variations of which exist in many Germanic and Romance languages. Like many other early Germanic names, it is dithematic, consisting of two meaningful constituents put together. In this case, those constituents are ger (meaning 'spear') and /la:k / (meaning 'motion'). The meaning of the name is thus 'spear thrower'.
It became a surname, and a source from which other surnames  have been derived, as well.
Niki-Khita
43°06′56″N 46°04′11″E﻿ / ﻿43.11556°N 46.06972°E﻿ / 43.11556; 46.06972
Niki-Khita (Russian: Ники-Хита, Chechen: НикIи-ХитIа, Nikhi-Xitha) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kurchaloyevsky District, Chechnya.

Kurchaloyevsky District
Kurchaloyevsky District (Russian: Курчало́евский райо́н; Chechen: Курчалойн кӀошт, Kurçaloyn khoşt) is one of the fifteen administrative and municipal district (raion), in the Chechen Republic, Russia. The area of the district is 975 square kilometers (376 sq mi) and is located east of the republic.  Its administrative center is the town of Kurchaloy. Its population is 114,039 (2010 census); 101,625 (2002 Census). The population of Kurchaloy accounts for 19.9% of the district's total population.
Cartan–Hadamard theorem
In mathematics, the Cartan–Hadamard theorem is a statement in Riemannian geometry concerning the structure of complete Riemannian manifolds of non-positive sectional curvature. The theorem states that the universal cover of such a manifold is diffeomorphic to a Euclidean space via the exponential map at any point. It was first proved by Hans Carl Friedrich von Mangoldt for surfaces in 1881, and independently by Jacques Hadamard in 1898.  Élie Cartan generalized the theorem to Riemannian manifolds in 1928 (Helgason 1978; do Carmo 1992; Kobayashi & Nomizu 1969). The theorem was further generalized to a wide class of metric spaces by Mikhail Gromov in 1987; detailed proofs were published by Ballmann (1990) for metric spaces of non-positive curvature and by Alexander & Bishop (1990) for general locally convex metric spaces.

Élie Cartan
Élie Joseph Cartan ForMemRS (French: [kaʁtɑ̃]; 9 April 1869 – 6 May 1951) was an influential French mathematician who did fundamental work in the theory of Lie groups, differential systems (coordinate-free geometric formulation of PDEs), and differential geometry. He also made significant contributions to general relativity and indirectly to quantum mechanics.   He is widely regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of the twentieth century.

His son Henri Cartan was an influential mathematician working in algebraic topology.
Wielki Staw
Wielki Staw (1,225 metres (4,019 ft), Polish for The Big Pond, Grosser Teich in German) - post glacial natural lake in the Krkonoše mountains, in western Poland. It is situated in the Karkonosze National Park at the bottom of the cirque, on the southern slope of the Smogornia mountain.

With its area of 8.3 hectares, it is the biggest glacial lake in the whole range. Its depth reaches 25 m, the shores are covered in subalpine species. Waters of the lake host rare species, some of them even extinct like Isoetes lacustris. Due to the regulations of a nature reserve, the object is closed and can be watched only from the top of the cirque. The place is accessible from the Polish–Czech Friendship Trail (red marks).

Smogornia
Smogornia (Polish pronunciation: [smɔˈgɔrɲa], Czech: Stříbrný hřbet, [ˈstr̝̊iːbr̩niː ɦr̝bɛt], German: Mittagsberg) is a 1,489 m (4,885 ft) peak in the Giant Mountains, on the Czech-Polish border. It is situated in the eastern part of the main range.

The peak is not accessible; the Main Sudetes Trail and Polish–Czech Friendship Trail traverse the mountain c. 300 m north from the peak. On the northern slope of the mountain there is a glacial cirque. The mountain has mild slopes and is mostly deforested, covered in mountain pine.
Khadija Patel
Khadija Patel is a South African investigative journalist with publications for international media houses Sky News, Al Jazeera, Quartz, BBC World News and The Guardian. Khadija is currently a director at the International Fund for Public Interest Media. She was previously the chairperson of the International Press Institute and the former editor-in-chief of the Mail & Guardian. She also an associate researcher at the Witwatersrand Institute for Social and Economic Research. The former president of the United States Barack Obama acknowledged Khadija in 2013 for her investigative journalism in countries such as Sudan, Mali and the Democratic Republic of Congo. She is also one of the founders of South Africa's news website The Daily Vox.

Quartz (publication)
Quartz is an American English language news website owned by Redbrick, a Canadian software firm.

Focused on international business news, it was founded in 2012 by Atlantic Media in New York City as a "digitally native news outlet for business people in the new global economy". Quartz implemented a paywall from 2019 to 2022.
Mount Isa Airport
Mount Isa Airport (IATA: ISA, ICAO: YBMA) is an airport serving the western Queensland city of Mount Isa, Australia. It is served by a variety of scheduled regional airlines, with flights to Brisbane, Townsville and Cairns as well as several other regional centres.

The Royal Flying Doctor Service has one of its nine Queensland bases at Mount Isa Airport.

Since 2005 the airport has been owned by Queensland Airports, which also owns Townsville Airport, Longreach Airport and Gold Coast Airport.

In the 2010–11 financial year, Mount Isa Airport handled 217,525 passengers, a 25.1% increase over the previous year.

In 2019, the airport was a base for relief efforts for the North West Queensland floods.

Propeller (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, an aircraft propeller, also called an airscrew, converts rotary motion from an engine or other power source into a swirling slipstream which pushes the propeller forwards or backwards. It comprises a rotating power-driven hub, to which are attached several radial airfoil-section blades such that the whole assembly rotates about a longitudinal axis. The blade pitch may be fixed, manually variable to a few set positions, or of the automatically variable "constant-speed" type.

The propeller attaches to the power source's driveshaft either directly or through reduction gearing. Propellers can be made from wood, metal or composite materials.

Propellers are only useful at subsonic airspeeds generally below about 480 mph (770 km/h), although a speed of Mach 1.01 in a dive was achieved, with a propeller efficiency of 78%, by the McDonnell XF-88B experimental propeller-equipped aircraft.
A'Salt Creek Roller Derby
A'Salt Creek Roller Derby (ACRD) is a gender neutral flat track roller derby league in Casper, Wyoming, founded in December 2009. Player-owned and operated, A'Salt Creek fields a single team that competes against teams from other leagues. The league name is taken from the nearby Salt Creek Oil Field, one of the oldest and most productive oil fields in the area. A'Salt Creek is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).

ACRG played their first bout against the Rushmore Rollerz in Rapid City, South Dakota, on June 19, 2010, winning by one point (159-158). They hosted their first game in Casper on August 21, 2010, again playing Rushmore. More than 1400 spectators attended the 252–175 win.

ACRG was accepted into the Women's Flat Track Derby Association as an apprentice league in 2012 and graduated to full membership in 2014.

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
Makoni Central
Makoni Central is a constituency represented in the National Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe, located in Manicaland Province. Its current MP since the 2023 general election is Patrick Sagandira of the Citizens Coalition for Change.

National Assembly of Zimbabwe
The National Assembly of Zimbabwe, previously the House of Assembly until 2013, is the lower house of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. It was established upon Zimbabwe's independence in 1980 as one of two chambers of parliament. Between the abolition of the Senate in 1989 and its reestablishment in 2005, the House of Assembly was the sole chamber of parliament.

Since the 2023 election, the National Assembly has had 280 members. Of these, 210 are elected in single-member constituencies. 60 seats are reserved for women, and are elected by proportional representation in 10 six-seat constituencies based on the country's provinces. The last 10 seats are reserved for youth and are also elected through proportional representation in 10 one-seat constituencies based on the provinces as well.

Jacob Mudenda has been Speaker of the National Assembly since September 2013.
Trabuco College
Trabuco College was an American retreat center founded by Gerald Heard early in the Human Potential Movement near the community of Trabuco Canyon, California. Although it only operated from 1942 to 1949, it is cited as an inspiration for the Esalen Institute and is now owned and operated as the Ramakrishna Monastery by the Vedanta Society of Southern California (which is part of the Ramakrishna Order of India). The Ramakrishna Monastery now includes several buildings and covers 40 acres (160,000 m2) on the slopes of the Santa Ana Mountains near O'Neill Regional Park.

Ramakrishna Order
The Ramakrishna Order (Bengali: রামকৃষ্ণ সংঘ) is the monastic lineage that was founded by Ramakrishna Paramhansa, when he gave the ochre cloth of renunciation to twelve of his close disciples, in January 1886 at the Cossipore House.

The Ramakrishna Order should not be confused with the Ramakrishna Math, which is the legal entity that trains young monks and directs the spiritual duties of the Swamis of the Order. There is also a parallel organisation, the Ramakrishna Mission, which performs the charitable work including, orphanages, hospitals, clinics, primary schools, high schools, colleges, and universities - as well as disaster relief and economic development in villages.
Hafthohlladung
The Hafthohlladung (German, lit. "adhesive hollow charge"), also known as the "Panzerknacker" ("tank breaker", an analogy to "safe cracker"), was a magnetically adhered, shaped charge anti-tank grenade used by German forces in World War II, and was sometimes described as a mine.

Anti-tank mine
An anti-tank or AT mine is a type of land mine designed to damage or destroy vehicles including tanks and armored fighting vehicles.

Compared to anti-personnel mines, anti-tank mines typically have a much larger explosive charge, and a fuze designed to be triggered by vehicles or, in some cases, remotely or by tampering with the mine.
Doug Keller
Doug Keller (18 June 1922 – 20 March 2004) was a Scotland international rugby union player and an Australia international rugby union player. He played at Flanker.

Keller was a noted urologist, and with a Scottish grandmother, on moving to London to study further in the field, he played rugby union for London Scottish to signal his availability to the Scottish national team.

Flanker (rugby union)
Flanker is a position in the sport of rugby union. Each team of 15 players includes two flankers, who play in the forwards, and are generally classified as either blindside or openside flankers, numbers 6 and 7 respectively. The name comes from their position in a scrum in which they 'flank' each set of forwards. They compete for the ball – most commonly in rucks and mauls. Flankers also assist in pushing in a scrum, but are expected to detach from the scrum as soon as the ball is out to get to the play before the opposition's forwards. Flankers also participate in line-outs, either being lifted to contest or win possession, or to lift other players. Flankers are usually the key participants in the tackling process. The flankers, especially the openside, are often the fastest forwards on the team but still relied upon for tackling.