hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aristide Vallon
Counter Admiral Aristide Louis Antoine Vallon (July 26, 1826 – March 11, 1897) was born in Le Conquet. He became Commandeur of the Légion d'honneur on January 18, 1881, and was appointed Governor of Senegal the following year. After serving in this position, he became Deputy of Senegal and subsequently Deputy of Finistère. He died in Paris and was buried in Mirepoix, Ariège.

Chamber of Deputies (France)
The Chamber of Deputies (French: Chambre des députés, [ʃɑ̃bʁ de depyte]) was the lower house of parliament in France at various times in the 19th and 20th centuries:

1814–1848 during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy, the Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament, elected by census suffrage.

1875–1940 during the French Third Republic, the Chamber of Deputies was the legislative assembly of the French Parliament, elected by two-round system with universal male suffrage. When reunited with the Senate in Versailles, the French Parliament was called the National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) and carried out the election of the president of the French Republic.
Vyatka Land
Vyatka Land (Russian: Вятская земля) is a historical region in the basin of the Vyatka River, approximately corresponding to modern-day Kirov Oblast in Russia.

While the Permians were its original inhabitants, it was gradually settled by Slavic settlers whose arrival is traditionally dated to the late 12th century. Vyatka Land, being geographically isolated from the rest of the Russian lands, sometimes accepted the suzerainty of other Russian and Tatar states, but enjoyed a large degree of de facto independence until it was annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1489.

Kirov Oblast
Kirov Oblast (Russian: Кировская область, romanized: Kirovskaya oblast', IPA: [ˈkʲirəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is the city of Kirov. As of the 2010 census, the population is 1,341,312.
Finstuen v. Crutcher
Finstuen v. Crutcher, 496 F.3d 1139 (10th Cir. 2007), is a case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit that ordered Oklahoma to recognize an adoption of a child by a same-sex couple ordered by another state's court. In a 2-1 decision, the Court of Appeals affirmed the order of the District Court directing Oklahoma to issue a revised birth certificate for a child legally adopted in California, though born in Oklahoma, to recognize the adoption of the same-sex couple. This was one of the earliest federal court rulings in the United States to address adoption by same-sex couples.

United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (in case citations, 10th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Colorado

District of Kansas

District of New Mexico

Eastern District of Oklahoma

Northern District of Oklahoma

Western District of Oklahoma

District of Utah

District of Wyoming

Although the 37th United States Congress passed the Tenth Circuit Act of 1863, the circuit ceased to exist after six years due to the Judiciary Act of 1869. These districts were part of the Eighth Circuit until 1929.
The court is composed of nineteen active judges and is based at the Byron White U.S. Courthouse in Denver, Colorado. It is one of thirteen United States courts of appeals and has jurisdiction over 560,625 square miles, or roughly one seventh of the country's land mass.
Niue in World War I
The Kingdom of Niue-Fekai (at the time of the war a British Protectorate) sided with the Entente powers during the First World War. Due to Niue's isolation and lack of communication with the outside world, it took five weeks for the news of the war to reach the island. Within two days of the news of the war, Niuean citizens raised £165 for the New Zealand Red Cross and as many as 150 Niueans volunteered to fight for New Zealand.

Niuean language
Niuean (/njuˈeɪən/; ko e vagahau Niuē) is a Polynesian language, belonging to the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup of the Austronesian languages. It is most closely related to Tongan and slightly more distantly to other Polynesian languages such as Māori, Samoan and Hawaiian. Together, Tongan and Niuean form the Tongic subgroup of the Polynesian languages. Niuean also has a number of influences from Samoan and Eastern Polynesian languages.
Niagara Cave
Niagara Cave is a limestone cave located in Harmony, Minnesota.  The cave is approximately 200 feet (61 m) deep; features include an underground stream, 60-foot waterfall, fossils, stalactites and stalagmites.  The cave is privately owned, with tours available seasonally.

The cave was first discovered in 1924, and in 1932, three spelunkers Al Cremer, Leo Tekippe, and Joe Flynn explored the cave and named the site Niagara Cave. Niagara Cave opened as a show cave in June 1934, and was described by geologist J Harlen Bretz in 1938.

The Minnesota Geological Survey noted in their 1995 survey, "Niagara Cave contains an excellent example of an underground river, complete with waterfall."

Stalactite
A stalactite (UK: /ˈstæləkˌtaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæktaɪt/; from Ancient Greek  σταλακτός (stalaktós) 'dripping', from  σταλάσσειν (stalássein) 'to drip') is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite. Stalactites may be composed of lava, minerals, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats). A stalactite is not necessarily a speleothem, though speleothems are the most common form of stalactite because of the abundance of limestone caves.

The corresponding formation on the floor of the cave is known as a stalagmite.
Venusberg (mythology)
Venusberg (German pronunciation: [ˈveːnʊsbɛʁk] ⓘ, lit. 'Mountain of Venus') is a motif of European folklore rendered in various legends and epics since the Late Middle Ages.
It is a variant of the folktale topos of "a mortal man seduced by the fairy queen visits the otherworld" (as in Thomas the Rhymer). In German folklore of the 16th century, the narrative becomes associated with the  minnesinger Tannhäuser who becomes obsessed with worshipping the goddess Venus.

Minnesang
Minnesang (German: [ˈmɪnəzaŋ] ⓘ; "Love song") was a tradition of German lyric- and song-writing that flourished in the Middle High German period (12th to 14th centuries). The name derives from minne, the Middle High German word for love, as that was Minnesang's main subject. People who wrote and performed Minnesang were known as Minnesänger (German: [ˈmɪnəˌzɛŋɐ] ⓘ), and a single song was called a Minnelied (German: [ˈmɪnəˌliːt] ⓘ). The Minnesänger are comparable to the Occitan troubadours and northern French trouvères, but they are "an original German contribution to courtly lyric."
Deadheading
Deadheading can refer to the following:

Dead mileage, the movement of commercial vehicles in non-revenue mode for logistical reasons

Deadheading (flowers), the pruning of dead flower heads

Deadheading (employee), carrying, free of charge, a transport company's own staff on a normal passenger trip

Deadheading (employee)
Deadheading is the practice of carrying, free of charge, a transport company's own staff on a normal passenger trip so that they can be in the right place to begin their duties. In United States railway usage, the term may also be used for movement of train crews to or from a train using another means of vehicular transportation, as passenger train service is infrequent or nonexistent in many areas.
2015 Guzzini Challenger – Doubles
Ilija Bozoljac and Goran Tošić was the defending champion, but Tošić did not participate this year. Bozoljac played alongside Flavio Cipolla, but lost the final against Divij Sharan and Ken Skupski, 6–4, 6–7(3–7), [6–10].

Ken Skupski
Ken Skupski Jr. (born 9 April 1983) is a British former professional tennis player who specialised in doubles.

He reached his career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 44 in July 2010, and won seven titles on the ATP Tour, most notably the 2021 Mexican Open alongside younger brother Neal Skupski, with whom he regularly competed from 2013. Skupski is a three-time Grand Slam quarterfinalist, having reached this stage at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships in both men's and mixed doubles, and the 2020 Australian Open in men's doubles.

At the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, he won two medals representing England, silver in men's doubles with Ross Hutchins, and bronze in mixed doubles partnering Sarah Borwell. Skupski also represented Great Britain in the Davis Cup on two occasions in 2010.
Danny Frisella
Daniel Vincent Frisella (March 4, 1946 – January 1, 1977) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher whose career was cut short when he was killed in a dune buggy accident on New Year's Day in 1977.

San Mateo, California
San Mateo is the most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States, on the San Francisco Peninsula. It is part of the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan region, and is located about 20 miles (32 km) south of San Francisco. San Mateo borders Burlingame to the north, Hillsborough to the west, San Francisco Bay and Foster City to the east and Belmont to the south. The population was 105,661 at the 2020 census.  Some of the biggest economic drivers for the city include technology, health care and education.
Tim Kash
Tim Kash is a British television presenter best known for formerly presenting Top of the Pops in the United Kingdom, and MTV News on MTV UK and Ireland. He appeared on the U.S. edition of MTV News, and as a presenter on E! Network's Daily 10 and ENews!. He currently resides in between New York City, United States and Los Angeles, United States and is working as a presenter at IMDb and Amazon. On April 6 it was announced that he is the host of Quibi's new daily music show called 'POP 5' and 'Musicology with Tim Kash'.

The Daily 10
The Daily 10 (also known as The D10) is an American daily television entertainment news show that aired on cable channel E! from March 2006 to October 2010. Hosts count down the top ten entertainment news stories of the day.
30 January 1939 Reichstag speech
On 30 January 1939, Adolf Hitler, dictator of Nazi Germany, gave a speech in the Kroll Opera House to the Reichstag delegates, which is best known for the prediction he made that "the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe" would ensue if another world war were to occur.

Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels helped write the speech, which was delivered on the sixth anniversary of Hitler's seizure of power in 1933. The speech lasted two or two-and-a-half hours. It dealt with both the foreign and domestic policies of the Nazi government.

World war
A world war is an international conflict that involves most or all of the world's major powers. Conventionally, the term is reserved for the two major international conflicts that occurred during the first half of the 20th century: World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945). Some historians have also characterized other global conflicts as world wars, such as the Cold War and the War on terror.
Margate railway station
Margate railway station serves the town of Margate in Thanet, Kent, England. It is 73 miles 69 chains (118.9 km) down the line from London Victoria. The station and all trains that serve the station are operated by Southeastern.

Trains from the station generally run to Victoria via Chatham or to London St Pancras via Ramsgate, Canterbury West and Ashford International. Peak hour trains run to St Pancras via Chatham and Gravesend and to London Cannon Street.

Thanet District
Thanet /ˈθænɪt/ is a local government district in Kent, England. The council is based in Margate and the district also contains the towns of Broadstairs, Ramsgate and Westgate-on-Sea, along with several villages. It takes its name from the Isle of Thanet, a former island which gradually became connected to the mainland between the 12th and 16th centuries.

The district lies on the north-eastern tip of Kent, bordering the City of Canterbury to the west and Dover District to the south. It is predominantly coastal, with north, east and southeast-facing coastlines.
2021 Vejle municipal election
In the three elections, following the 2007 municipal reform, that had been held prior to this election, Venstre had ended up with the mayor position. In the 2017 Vejle municipal election, the parties of the traditional blue bloc had won 16 seats against 15 for the traditional red bloc. Therefore, this election was seen as a "thriller".

Jens Ejner Christensen from Venstre was seeking a second term, while Martin Sikær would be the candidate for the Social Democrats.

Despite that the Social Democrats were given a fair chance to win the mayor's position, the results ended in favor of the blue bloc. Venstre would win 2 seats, while the Social Democrats would lose 2, which meant they would lose the position as the biggest party in the council. It was later confirmed that Jens Ejner Christensen would continue as mayor.

2017 Danish local elections
Local elections were held on 21 November 2017 for Denmark's 98 municipal councils and five regional councils. All 2,432 seats were contested for the 2018–21 term of office, together with 205 seats (a fixed number of 41 seats in each council) in five regional councils. In the previous election, there were 2,444 seats in the municipal councils.
Japanese destroyer Umikaze (1936)
Umikaze (海風, ”Sea Breeze”) was the seventh of ten Shiratsuyu-class destroyers, and the first to be built for the Imperial Japanese Navy under the Circle Two Program (Maru Ni Keikaku). A U.S. Navy submarine torpedoed and sunk her on 1 February 1944, off Truk Atoll.

2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme
The 2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (マル2計画, 第二次補充計画, Maru 2 Keikaku, Dai-Ni-Ji Hojū Keikaku)  otherwise known as the "Circle Two" Plan was the second of four expansion plans of the Imperial Japanese Navy between 1930 and the start of World War II.
Canton of Duclair
The Canton of Duclair is a former canton situated in the Seine-Maritime département and in the Haute-Normandie region of northern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 17 communes, which joined the canton of Barentin in 2015. It had a total of 25,132 inhabitants (2012).

Canton of Barentin
The canton of Barentin is an electoral district of the Seine-Maritime department, in northern France. It elects two departmental counselors sitting in the Departmental Council of Seine-Maritime. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Barentin.
In the Forest of Huckybucky
In the Forest of Huckybucky (Norwegian: Dyrene i Hakkebakkeskogen) is a 2016 Norwegian stop-motion animated musical film adaptation of the 1953 children's book Claus Climbermouse and the other animals in the Huckybucky forest by Thorbjørn Egner, directed by Rasmus A. Sivertsen and written by Karsten Fullu.

Released in Norwegian cinemas on 25 December 2016, it was produced by Qvisten Animation.

Thorbjørn Egner
Thorbjørn Egner (12 December 1912 – 24 December 1990) was a Norwegian playwright, songwriter and illustrator known principally for his books, plays and musicals for children. He is principally associated with his narratives for children including Karius og Baktus (1949) and Folk og røvere i Kardemomme by (1955).
2026 Antalya Challenger 1
The 2026 Antalya Challenger 1 (also known as the Megasaray Hotels Open for sponsorship reasons) is an upcoming professional women's tennis tournament to be played on outdoor clay courts. It will be the fifth edition of the tournament and the first in a series of three WTA 125 tournaments played at the same venue in consecutive weeks in 2026. It will take place at the Megasaray Tennis Academy in Antalya, Turkey between 24 February and 1 March 2026.

Tamara Zidanšek
Tamara Zidanšek (Slovene: [zíːdanˈʃɛːk]; born 26 December 1997) is a Slovenian professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of world No. 22 in singles and No. 47 in doubles. She has won one singles title, as well as four doubles titles on the WTA Tour and three singles titles along with one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour. Additionally, she has won 18 titles in singles and six in doubles on the ITF Circuit. She is currently the second highest WTA-ranked player from Slovenia.

Playing for the Slovenia Fed Cup team, she has a win–loss record of 12–13 (as of July 2025).
Páll Jónsson
Páll Jónsson (Old Norse: [ˈpɑːlː ˈjoːnsˌson], Modern Icelandic: [ˈpʰautl̥ ˈjounsɔn]; 1155 – November 29, 1211) was an Icelandic Roman Catholic clergyman, who became the seventh bishop of Iceland from 1195 to 1211. He served in the diocese of Skálholt. His life is recorded in Páls saga biskups.

Páll was a descendant of the Oddaverjar family clan.

He is known as a patron of the celebrated artist Margret hin haga (Margaret the Dextrous).

Icelanders
Icelanders (Icelandic: Íslendingar) are an ethnic group and nation who are native to the island country of Iceland. They speak Icelandic, a North Germanic language.

Icelanders established the country of Iceland in mid 930 CE when the Alþingi (parliament) met for the first time. Iceland came under the reign of Norwegian, Swedish and Danish kings but regained full sovereignty from the Danish monarchy on 1 December 1918, when the Kingdom of Iceland was established. On 17 June 1944, Iceland became a republic. Lutheranism is the predominant religion. Historical and DNA records indicate that around 60 to 80 percent of the male settlers were of Norse origin (primarily from Western Norway) and a similar percentage of the women were of Gaelic stock from Ireland and peripheral Scotland.
Elmer MacFadyen
Elmer Eric MacFadyen (January 9, 1943 – August 17, 2007) was a Canadian politician. He represented Sherwood-Hillsborough in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1996 to 2007 as a Progressive Conservative member.

MacFadyen was born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, the son of Donald & Annie MacFadyen. He married Judy McAlduff in 1968. MacFadyen was named government house leader in 1996 and was appointed to cabinet as Minister of Community and Cultural Affairs in August 2002. He was defeated in the 2007 general election held in May 2007. MacFadyen suffered a massive heart attack at his home in Charlottetown in August of that year and died in hospital.  He was 64 years old.

Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island
The Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island (PEIPC) is one of three major political parties on Prince Edward Island. The party and its rival, the Prince Edward Island Liberal Party, have alternated in power since responsible government was granted in 1851.
Charles Stetson
Charles Stetson (November 2, 1801 – March 27, 1883) was a United States representative from Maine, and the eldest member of a powerful Bangor political family.  He was born in New Ipswich, New Hampshire, on November 2, 1801, but moved with his parents to Hampden, Maine, in 1802. His father Simeon Stetson (b. Braintree, Massachusetts) kept a store and a sawmill, and built vessels for the West India Trade.  His uncle Amasa Stetson was proprietor of the nearby town of Stetson, Maine, where Simeon had briefly settled before moving to Hampden.

Stetson was 13 years old when a British invasion force sacked the town of Hampden and terrorized its inhabitants following the Battle of Hampden (1814). He subsequently attended Hampden Academy and graduated from Yale College in 1823.  He studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Hampden in 1826.

Braintree, Massachusetts
Braintree (US:  /ˈbreɪnˌtri/) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. It is officially known as a town, but Braintree is a city with a mayor–council form of government, and it is considered a city under Massachusetts law. The population was 39,143 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Greater Boston area, with access to the MBTA Red Line, and is a member of the Metropolitan Area Planning Council's South Shore Coalition. The first mayor of Braintree was Joe Sullivan, who served until January 2020. The current mayor of Braintree is Erin Joyce, who was elected in 2023, defeating incumbent Charles Kokoros.
Stephan Dippenaar
Stephanus Christiaan Dippenaar (born 3 January 1988) is a South African rugby union footballer. He currently represents the South Africa national sevens team in the IRB Sevens World Series. Between 2008 and 2011 he played for the Bulls in Super Rugby and the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup and Vodacom Cup.

Dippenaar represented South Africa's under-19 team at the 2007 Under 19 Rugby World Championship in Ireland. In 2008, he played for South Africa's under-20 team at the Junior World Championship in Wales. He made his international sevens debut for the South African sevens team in 2012 at the Wellington Sevens.

In 2013, he was included in the squad for the 2013 Rugby World Cup Sevens. Dippenaar was injured at the 2015 Hong Kong Sevens and was replaced by Ruhan Nel. He had just recovered from an injury he sustained at the Gold Coast Sevens at the beginning of the series.

On 17 October 2017, Dippenaar announced his retirement from rugby on Twitter.

2012 Wellington Sevens
The 2012 Wellington Sevens was part of the 2011–12 IRB Sevens World Series and was the 13th edition of the tournament, hosted at Wellington, New Zealand's Westpac Stadium.

New Zealand won the title by defeating Fiji 24–7 in the final.
Michael Kehlmann
Michael Kehlmann (21 September 1927 – 1 December 2005) was an Austrian television film director and theatre director, screenwriter and actor.

During 1951–1953, Kehlmann was the manager of the "Kleines Theater im Konzerthaus", Vienna. He was awarded the J.-Kainz Medal in 1966, the Ehrenmedaille der Stadt Wien in 1966  and the Austrian Honorary Cross for Science and Art in 2002.

Kehlmann's television directing credits included Jack Mortimer,  Einen Jux will er sich machen, Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald, Radetzkymarsch, Hiob, and Tatort.

He was the father of writer Daniel Kehlmann.

Johann Nestroy
Johann Nepomuk Eduard Ambrosius Nestroy (German: [ˈnɛstrɔɪ̯]; 7 December 1801 – 25 May 1862) was a singer, actor and playwright in the popular Austrian tradition of the Biedermeier period and its immediate aftermath. He participated in the 1848 revolutions and his work reflects the new liberal spirit then spreading throughout Europe.
Lone Pine order
In United States tort law, a Lone Pine order is a pre-trial case management order of the court in civil mass tort, toxic tort, and products liability cases, directing plaintiffs to show prima facie evidence of injury, exposure, and causation by a date certain or face dismissal of the case.

Product liability
Product liability is the area of law in which manufacturers, distributors, suppliers, retailers, and others who make products available to the public are held responsible for the injuries those products cause. Although the word "product" has broad connotations, product liability as an area of law is traditionally limited to products in the form of tangible personal property.
2010 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 1500 m
The women's 1500 m  at the 2010 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships in Heerenveen took place at Thialf on 1 November 2009. The top five speed skaters qualified for the 1500 m event at the 2009–10 ISU Speed Skating World Cup. Paulien van Deutekom held the title.

Thialf
Thialf (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtijɑlf]) is an ice arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands. Thialf is used for long track speed skating, short track speed skating, ice hockey, figure skating, ice speedway, and non-sporting events. The outdoor rink was opened in 1967, and the indoor stadium was opened in 1986. Several world records have been set in the indoor stadium.

Annually, Thialf hosts two Speed Skating World Cup events. Jan de Jong was the ice rink master at Thialf for many years.