hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ABACABA pattern
The ABACABA pattern is a recursive fractal pattern that shows up in many places in the real world (such as in geometry, art, music, poetry, number systems, literature and higher dimensions). Patterns often show a DABACABA type subset. AA, ABBA, and ABAABA type forms are also considered.

Recursion
Recursion occurs when the definition of a concept or process depends on a simpler or previous version of itself. Recursion is used in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in mathematics and computer science, where a function being defined is applied within its own definition. While this apparently defines an infinite number of instances (function values), it is often done in such a way that no infinite loop or infinite chain of references can occur.

A process that exhibits recursion is recursive. Video feedback displays recursive images, as does an infinity mirror.
Rutland Roman villa
The Rutland Roman villa is a Romano-British villa site near Ketton in Rutland, England. The site was listed as a scheduled monument by Historic England on 23 November 2021. The villa includes the first example of a Roman mosaic in Britain which depicts scenes from the Trojan War.

A geophysical survey of the site in 2021 showed evidence of a large villa complex including indications of a formal garden, a bath house, perhaps a chapel and two mausolea. Further excavations in 2022 uncovered the bath house as well as a second mosaic, possibly from a dining area of the villa.

This type of large luxurious villa complex is unusual in this part of Roman Britain (see List of Roman villas in England)

Villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house that provided an escape from urban life. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity, sometimes transferred to the Church for reuse as a monastery. They gradually re-evolved through the Middle Ages into elegant upper-class country homes. In the early modern period, any comfortable detached house with a garden near a city or town was likely to be described as a villa; most surviving villas have now been engulfed by suburbia. In modern parlance, "villa" can refer to various types and sizes of residences, ranging from the suburban semi-detached double villa to, in some countries, especially around the Mediterranean, residences of above average size in the countryside.
Richard Bradley (philosopher)
Richard Bradley FBA (born 13 December 1964) is a South African philosopher. He is a professor at the London School of Economics and Political Science, a project leader at the Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, and the former editor of the journal Economics and Philosophy.

Bradley is best known for work on decision theory, formal epistemology, semantics, and climate change policy. His PhD thesis began his work on decisions involving conditional attitudes, which culminates in his 2017 book Decision Theory with a Human Face.

On 22 July 2022, Bradley was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.

Economics & Philosophy
Economics & Philosophy is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering different aspects of philosophy and economics. It was established in 1985 and is published by Cambridge University Press. The editors-in-chief are Zvi Safra (Warwick University), Itai Sher (University of Massachusetts), Katie Steele (Australian National University), and Peter Vanderschraaf (University of Arizona).
Newcastle Link Road
Newcastle Link Road is a limited-access road in New South Wales linking the interchange of Pacific Motorway and Hunter Expressway at Cameron Park, to Wallsend in western Newcastle. It is designated part of route A15.

Cameron Park, New South Wales
Cameron Park is a suburb of the City of Lake Macquarie local government area, Greater Newcastle in New South Wales, Australia, located 16 kilometres (10 mi) west of Newcastle's central business district near West Wallsend and the Sydney-Newcastle Freeway.
Prayer wheel
A prayer wheel, or mani wheel, is a cylindrical wheel (Tibetan: འཁོར་ལོ།, Wylie: 'khor lo, Oirat: кюрдэ) for Buddhist recitation. The wheel is installed on a spindle made from metal, wood, stone, leather, or coarse cotton. Prayer wheels are common in Tibet and areas where Tibetan culture is predominant.

Traditionally, a mantra is written in Ranjana script or Tibetan script, on the outside of the wheel. The mantra Om mani padme hum is most commonly used, but other mantras can also be used.

Prayer wheels sometimes depict dakinis and the eight auspicious symbols (ashtamangala). At the core of the cylinder, as the axle of the wheel, is a "life tree" made of wood or metal with mantras written on or wrapped around it.

According to the Tibetan Buddhist and Bon tradition, spinning such a wheel will have much the same meritorious effect as orally reciting the prayers.

Classical Tibetan
Classical Tibetan is a liturgical language of Tibetan Buddhism that dates from the 9th century. It particularly refers to the language of early canonical texts translated from other languages, especially Sanskrit. It is one of the handful of 'living' classical languages along with Arabic, Ge'ez, and New Persian, though it meaningfully differs from Modern Standard Tibetan.
Denseisha
Denseisha (電盛社) is a Japanese information technology Kabushiki gaisha founded by Takashi Mizawa (三澤 隆) in October 1920. Currently, the corporation headquartered in Kumamoto employs 271 workers at the seven main offices

the headquarters, IT and ET administration in Kumamoto,

the system engineering technology center in Kumamoto,

a branch office in Fukuoka,

the "solution center" in Fukuoka,

the "mobile engineering office" in Fukuoka and

a sales office in Urasoe.

The service field comprises the development and installation of enterprise and hospital network as well as the design of electric, IT and personnel communication facilities.

Urasoe, Okinawa
Urasoe (浦添市, Urasoe-shi; Okinawan: Urashii) is a city located in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.  The neighboring municipalities are Naha to the south, Ginowan to the north, and Nishihara to the east. As of February 2024, the city has an estimated population of 115,518 and a population density of 6,051.2 persons per km2. The total area is 19.09 km2.

United States Marine Corps base Camp Kinser is located on the city's coast.
Amir Aczel
Amir Dan Aczel (Hebrew: עמיר דן עכשאל; /ɑːˈmɪər ɑːkˈsɛl/; November 6, 1950 – November 26, 2015) was an Israeli-born American lecturer in mathematics and the history of mathematics and science, and an author of popular science.

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
Randy Stevenson
Randolph T. Stevenson is an American political scientist and professor at Rice University in Houston, Texas.

Stevenson’s research focuses on mass political behavior, cabinet formation, and institutional design in Western democracies. His book, The Economic Vote: How Political and Economic Institutions Condition Election Results (co-authored with Raymond Duch), was published in 2008 by Cambridge University Press and won the Gregory M. Luebbert award for the best book in comparative politics in 2007 or 2008. His current research projects include book projects exploring the sources of cross-national differences in political knowledge, political interest, and strategic voting. Stevenson has taught graduate-level courses in applied statistics and data science at Rice University, Oxford University, the Essex Summer School in Social Science Data Analysis, and the IPSA Summer Schools for Social Science Research Methods at the National University of Singapore and the University of Sao Paulo.

The Journal of Politics
The Journal of Politics is a peer-reviewed academic journal of political science established in 1939 and published quarterly (February, May, August and November) by University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Southern Political Science Association. It is widely considered one of the top 3 journals in political science.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 3.8.
Robert Eisner
Robert Eisner (January 17, 1922 – November 25, 1998) was an American author and William R. Kenan professor of economics at Northwestern University. He was recognized throughout the United States for his expertise and knowledge of macroeconomics and the economics of business cycles. He was a regular contributor to the Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, Chicago Tribune, and The Los Angeles Times, primarily covering national economic policy and reform.

In 1972, he served as an adviser to George McGovern, during his campaign for the United States Presidency. In 1988, he was elected as the president of the American Economic Association. He was also the co-founder of the Committee on the Status of Women in the Economic Profession. In 1992, he served as an advisor on economic policy to US President Bill Clinton.

American Economic Association
The American Economic Association (AEA) is a learned society in the field of economics, with approximately 23,000 members. It publishes several peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Review, and the Journal of Economic Perspectives.
Childbirth in Thailand
This article documents traditional and some modern childbirth practices in Thailand. Traditional principles are largely influenced by the folk beliefs in Central and North Thailand, and modern practices by the western medical model.

Northern Thailand
Northern Thailand, or more specifically Lan Na, is a region of Thailand. It is geographically characterized by several mountain ranges, which continue from the Shan Hills in neighboring Myanmar to Laos, and the river valleys that cut through them. Like most of Thailand, it has a tropical savanna climate, but its relatively high elevation and latitude contribute to more pronounced seasonal temperature variation, with cooler winters than the other regions.

Historically, northern Thailand has been linked to the Hariphunchai Kingdom, which emerged as a powerful state in the region in the 7th century. This kingdom was related to the Dvaravati that existed from the 6th to 11th centuries. The Hariphunchai culture later influenced the development of the Lanna Kingdom, which emerged in the 13th century and lasted until the 18th century.
Stanley McCollum
Stanley Coleman "Mac" McCollum (May 27, 1897 – June 23, 1973) was an American football player and coach. From 1922 to 1927, he was the head coach at the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy—now known as the Missouri University of Science and Technology—in Rolla, Missouri.

He played college football for Penn State. At the end of the 1921 season, he was selected by The New York Times and Princeton coach Bill Roper as one of two ends on their respective All-East football team. He was also selected by writer Lawrence Perry as a second-team end on Perry's 1921 College Football All-America Team. On December 3, 1921, he made 10 of Penn State's 11 pass receptions in a victory against Washington.

McCollum was born on May 27, 1897, in Adrian, Pennsylvania and raised in Kittanning, Pennsylvania. He moved to Mount Dora, Florida in 1967. McCollum died on June 23, 1973, at Florida Sanitarium in Orlando, Florida.

Missouri University of Science and Technology
The Missouri University of Science and Technology (Missouri S&T or S&T) is a public research university in Rolla, Missouri, United States. It is a member institution of the University of Missouri System. Most of its 6,456 students (2023) study engineering, business, sciences, and mathematics. Known primarily for its engineering school, Missouri S&T offers degree programs in business and management systems, information science and technology, sciences, social sciences, humanities, and arts. It is classified as a "STEM-dominant", R1 university with "very high research spending and doctorate production".
Schismatorhynchos heterorhynchos
Schismatorhynchos heterorhynchos is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae, the family which includes the carps, barbs. minnows and related fishes. This species is found in Indonesia where it occurs on Sumatra, in the drainage systems of the Indragiri, Batanghari, and Musi in the south of the island, and Borneo in the Sibau sub-basin of the Kapuas River in West Kalimantan.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Crassostrea ingens
Crassostrea ingens is a species of fossil oyster, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Ostreidae, the oyster. This species lived during the Pliocene. Fossils have been found in New Zealand shallow-water limestone and shellbeds. Locations include the Wairarapa, Whanganui basin, Gisborne district, North Canterbury, and Hawke's Bay (especially in the Te Aute limestone).

Gisborne District
Gisborne District or the Gisborne Region (Māori: Te Tairāwhiti or Te Tai Rāwhiti) is a local government area of northeastern New Zealand. It is governed by Gisborne District Council, a unitary authority (with the combined powers of a district and regional council). It is named after its largest settlement, the city of Gisborne. The region is also commonly referred to as the East Coast.

The region is commonly divided into the East Cape and Poverty Bay. It is bounded by mountain ranges to the west, rugged country to the south, and faces east onto the Pacific Ocean.
2013 Segunda División B play-offs
The 2013 Segunda División B play-offs (Playoffs de Ascenso or Promoción de Ascenso) were the final playoffs for promotion from 2012–13 Segunda División B to the 2013–14 Segunda División. The four first placed teams in each of the four Segunda División B groups played the Playoffs de Ascenso and the four last placed teams in Segunda División were relegated to Segunda División B. It also decided the three teams which placed 16th to be relegated to the 2013–14 Tercera División.

Royal Spanish Football Federation
The Royal Spanish Football Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Española de Fútbol; RFEF) is the governing body of football in Spain. Founded on 29 September 1913, it is based in La Ciudad del Fútbol of Las Rozas, a municipality near Madrid.

RFEF organizes the national cup competitions (Copa de S.M. el Rey and Supercopa de España) and administers the competition committee of the Campeonato Nacional de Liga (Primera División and Segunda División), including the handling of the trophy, even though they are organized by LaLiga. It organizes the rest of national league tiers: Primera Federación (3rd), Segunda Federación (4th) and Tercera Federación (5th). It also rules all the female national competitions except the top league, Liga F.

It is also responsible for appointing the management of the men's, women's, and youth national football teams, the futsal and beach soccer. As of 2023, the federation has 30,188 registered clubs and 1,248,511 federated football players.
Archie Rose Distilling Co.
Archie Rose Distilling Co. is an Australian independent distillery located in Rosebery, New South Wales, a few kilometres south of Sydney CBD. The distillery produces a range of spirits including gin, vodka, whisky and rum.

Whisky
Whisky or whiskey is a type of liquor made from fermented grain mash. Various grains (which may be malted) are used for different varieties, including barley, corn, rye, and wheat. Whisky is typically aged in wooden casks, commonly of charred white oak. Uncharred white oak casks previously used for the aging of port, rum, or sherry may be employed during storage to impart a unique flavour and colour.

Whisky is a strictly regulated spirit worldwide with many classes and types. The typical unifying characteristics of the different classes and types are the fermentation of grains, distillation, and aging in wooden barrels.
2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 4 – Women's team pursuit
The women's team pursuit race of the 2014–15 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 4, arranged in the Thialf arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands, was held on 13 December 2014.

The Dutch team won the race, while the German team came second, and the Polish team came third.

Heerenveen
Heerenveen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɦeːrə(ɱ)ˈveːn] ⓘ, West Frisian: It Hearrenfean [ət ˌjɛrn̩ˈfɪən] ⓘ, Stellingwerfs: et Vene) is a town and municipality in the province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population of 50,859 (1 July).

The town itself is located southeast of Sneek and southwest of Drachten. Heerenveen is the oldest peat canal village in the Netherlands. Heerenveen is the fourth-largest place in Friesland in terms of population, but is not one of the eleven Frisian cities.

The municipality was formed on 1 July 1934, from parts of former municipalities Aengwirden and Schoterland, and a portion of the municipality of Haskerland. Boarnsterhim also merged into Heerenveen on 1 January 2014.
My Castle on the Nile
My Castle on the Nile is an American song with lyrics by Bob Cole and James Weldon Johnson and music by J. Rosamond Johnson. Arthur Collins was recorded on a Columbia Records wax cylinder performing the song in 1902. Various artists have recorded it since.

The New York Public Library has a musical score for it as "Sung By The Great Comedian Bert Williams." The University of Maine Library also has a score for it published by Jos. W. Stern & Co. in 1901. It is also held by other libraries.

Bert Williams recorded the song on Victor. It was recorded by the Wonder State Harmonists on Vocalion records in 1929. The War Department recorded The Camp Hill Male Quartet performing it and "Little Liza I Love You" on a 1945 album.

Arthur Collins (singer)
Arthur Francis Collins (February 7, 1864 – August 2, 1933) was an American baritone and actor. One of the pioneer recording artists, regarded in his day as "king of the Ragtime Singers", Collins was popular among late 1880s to late 1910s.
Fries Boarding Houses
Fries Boarding Houses are two historic boarding houses located at Fries, Grayson County, Virginia.  They were built as twins, and are large two-story frame buildings resting on full-height stuccoed brick basements in the Colonial Revival style.  They have side-gable roofs, brick interior end chimneys, and gabled dormers.  The exact date of the boarding houses is unknown, but they likely date to the first phase of village construction between 1901 and 1910.

They were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Grayson County, Virginia
Grayson County is a county located in the southwestern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,333. Its county seat is Independence. Mount Rogers, the state's highest peak at 5,729 feet (1,746 m), is in Grayson County.
Rahela Markt
Marisa Rahela Markt (born 1 March 1973) is a retired Croatian sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres.

She competed at the 1995 World Indoor Championships and the 1990 World Championships, but did not reach the final in either event. She became Croatian 100 metres champion in 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2001, and 200 metres champion in 1994, 1995, 1998 and 1999.

Her personal best time was 11.58 seconds, achieved in September 1998 in Biella, Italy. Her 60 metres personal best of 7.46 seconds, set in February 2001, was a national record until 2008.

1995 World Championships in Athletics
The 5th World Championships in Athletics (Swedish: Världsmästerskapen i friidrott 1995), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held at the Ullevi Stadium, Gothenburg, Sweden on 5–13 August 1995.

This edition featured 1804 athletes from 191 nations.

This competition saw the women run the 5000 m event at the World Championships for the first time. The race replaced the 3000 m event which had been run at all previous World Championships.
2025 Egyptian Super Cup final
The 2025 Egyptian Super Cup final was the final match of the 2025 Egyptian Super Cup, the 23nd edition of the competition since its establishment in 2001, and the third under the new four-team format. It was played between Al Ahly and Zamalek on 9 November 2025 at Mohammed bin Zayed Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Al Ahly won the match 2–0, winning a record-extending 16th Egyptian Super Cup title.

Mohammed bin Zayed Stadium
Al-Jazira Mohammed bin Zayed Stadium (Arabic: ستاد محمد بن زايد) is a multi-purpose stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It is currently used mostly for football and cricket matches and is the home ground of Al Jazira Club. It is named after Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan.
Broad-tailed gecko
The broad-tailed gecko, southern leaf-tailed gecko, or Sydney leaf-tailed gecko (Phyllurus platurus) is a common gecko of the family Carphodactylidae found in the Sydney Basin. The species uses its mottled colour to camouflage against bark or rock, and if threatened can drop its large fleshy tail as a decoy. The tail is also useful for fat storage. This species of gecko is available in captivity as a pet, they are a nocturnal ambush hunter, relying on camouflage and patience to catch prey. Primary prey items include large nocturnal invertebrates such as spiders, cockroaches and beetles.

Sydney Basin
The Sydney Basin is an interim Australian bioregion and is both a structural entity and a depositional area, now preserved on the east coast of New South Wales, Australia and with some of its eastern side now subsided beneath the Tasman Sea.  The basin is named for the city of Sydney, on which it is centred.

Around 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) thick, the Sydney Basin consists of Permian and Triassic sedimentary rocks, which stretches from Newcastle in the north to Batemans Bay in the south, and west to the Great Dividing Range. The basin is also home to the major centres of Newcastle, Gosford, and Wollongong, as well as the state capital of Sydney, and contains economically significant reserves of coal.

Sydney's famous harbour and the sculptured cliffs of the Blue Mountains are signature formations of relatively hard upper strata of sandstone. The basin contains the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Greater Blue Mountains Area.