hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chesters' Subdivision Conservation Area, Subiaco
The Chesters' Subdivision Conservation Area, also referred to as the Chesters' Subdivision Heritage Area, is a historical heritage area in Subiaco, Perth, named after James Chesters, an investor, property developer and later mayor of Subiaco, who developed the area. It contains many suburban houses from the Federation period of architecture.

Historic preservation
Historic preservation (US), built heritage preservation or built heritage conservation (UK) is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historical significance. It is a philosophical concept that became popular in the twentieth century, which maintains that cities as products of centuries' development should be obligated to protect their patrimonial legacy. The term refers specifically to the preservation of the built environment, and not to preservation of, for example, primeval forests or wilderness.
Ward No. 82, Kolkata Municipal Corporation
Ward No. 82, Kolkata Municipal Corporation is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No. 9, covering parts of Chetla and Alipore neighbourhoods in South Kolkata, in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Kolkata Municipal Corporation
Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) is the local government of the Indian city of Kolkata, the state capital of West Bengal. This civic administrative body administers an area of 206.08 square kilometres (79.57 sq mi). Its motto, Puroshri Bibardhan, is inscribed on its emblem in Bengali script. It is headed by a mayor, who presides over 144 councillors, each of whom represents one of the 144 wards of the city.
Koshcheyevo
Koshcheyevo (Russian: Кощеево) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Koshcheyevskoye Rural Settlement, Korochansky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 894 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

Korochansky District
Korochansky District (Russian: Короча́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Korochansky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,464.1 square kilometers (565.3 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Korocha. As of the 2021 Census, the total population of the district was 35,883, with the population of Korocha accounting for 15.7% of that number.
2014–15 Egypt Cup
The 2015 Egypt Cup (also known as Pepsi Egypt Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 83rd season of the Egypt Cup since its establishment in 1921. The winners assures a place in the 2016 CAF Confederation Cup; however as the two finalist qualified to the Champions League the berth was given to the fourth placed team in 2014–15 Egyptian Premier League.

Zamalek, the defending champions, successfully defended the title after defeating their rivals Al Ahly 2–0 in the Final to win their third consecutive title.

2016 CAF Champions League
The 2016 CAF Champions League (officially the 2016 Orange CAF Champions League for sponsorship reasons) was the 52nd edition of Africa's premier club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and the 20th edition under the current CAF Champions League format.

Mamelodi Sundowns defeated Zamalek in the final to win their first CAF Champions League title, and qualified as the CAF representative at the 2016 FIFA Club World Cup in Japan, their first appearance in the FIFA Club World Cup, and also earned the right to play against the winners of the 2016 CAF Confederation Cup in the 2017 CAF Super Cup. TP Mazembe were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the second round. As of 2023, this is the most recent edition of the tournament won by a team from a non-Arab country.
Château du Burgstall
The Château du Burgstall is a ruined castle in the commune of Guebwiller in the Haut-Rhin département of France.

The castle was believed to be lost. It is rarely mentioned in documents. During the 1960s, the ruins were partially uncovered during the construction of a supermarket.

The castle was built at the end of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th. Masons' marks are evident. The remains indicate an octagonal structure. The castle is located in 124 Rue de la République, Guebwiller, and is private property.

Haut-Rhin
Haut-Rhin (French pronunciation: [oʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in the Grand Est region, France, bordering both Germany and Switzerland. It is named after the river Rhine. Its name means Upper Rhine. Haut-Rhin is the smaller and less populated of the two departments of the former administrative Alsace region, the other being Bas-Rhin (Lower Rhine), especially after the 1871 cession of the southern territory known since 1922 as the Territoire de Belfort, although it is still rather densely populated compared to the rest of metropolitan France. It had a population of 767,083 in 2021.

On 1 January 2021, the départemental collectivities of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin were merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.
Shane Boyle
Shane Boyle is a Gaelic footballer who played with Donegal at all levels. He played when Donegal won a first Ulster Minor Title in 10 years at Croke Park in 2006. He then played in the All-Ireland semi-final against Kerry, also at Croke Park. His opponents with the Seniors included Tipperary (at Semple Stadium), Down and Meath. He played in the 2010 Donegal Senior Football Championship Final. He was integral to his club's progression through that competition but missed the 2013 Final due to being "cup tied", from playing in the United States.

Semple Stadium
FBD Semple Stadium is the home of hurling and Gaelic football for Tipperary GAA and for the province of Munster. Located in Thurles, County Tipperary, it is the second largest GAA stadium in Ireland (after Croke Park), with a capacity of 45,690 and named after Tom Semple, the captain of the Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906, and 1908.

The stadium is the leading venue for Munster hurling followers, having hosted the Munster Hurling Final on many memorable occasions.
Ferbane GAA
Ferbane/Belmont GAA is a football club in the Gaelic Athletic Association located in Ferbane in County Offaly, Ireland, 13 miles from Birr. The Ferbane GAA field is located in the town of Ferbane on the Ballycumber Road. Ferbane play in the Offaly championship.

Ferbane holds the record for the club with the longest continuous sponsorship deal in Gaelic football.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
Breweriana
Breweriana refers to articles containing a brewery or brand name, such as beer cans, beer bottles, bottle openers, beer labels, tin signs, beer mats, beer steins, beer trays, beer tap, wooden cases and neon signs.

Beer bottle
A beer bottle is a bottle designed as a container for beer. Such designs vary greatly in size and shape, but the glass commonly is brown or green to reduce spoilage from light, especially ultraviolet.

The most widely established alternatives to glass containers for beer in retail sales are beverage cans and aluminium bottles; for larger volumes kegs are in common use.

Many countries have implemented bottle deposit schemes to increase the rate of recycling and reduce the rate of littering.
Brima
Brima is a village in western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Biankouma, Biankouma Department, Tonkpi Region, Montagnes District.

Brima was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Biankouma
Biankouma is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and seat of Biankouma Department in Tonkpi Region, Montagnes District. Biankouma is also a commune.

The town is divided into old and new towns, the old town buildings being heavily ornamented. Biankouma is also known for its fetish houses and Goua dances. Mont Sângbé National Park lies near the town.

In 2021, the population of the sub-prefecture of Biankouma was 71,470.
Imidazole N-acetyltransferase
In enzymology, an imidazole N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

acetyl-CoA + imidazole  CoA + N-acetylimidazole

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and imidazole, whereas its two products are CoA and N-acetylimidazole.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:imidazole N-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include imidazole acetylase, and imidazole acetyltransferase.

Coenzyme A
Coenzyme A (CoA, SHCoA, CoASH) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidation of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. Every genome sequenced to date encodes enzymes that use coenzyme A as a substrate, and around 4% of cellular enzymes use it (or a thioester) as a substrate. In humans, CoA biosynthesis requires cysteine, pantothenate (vitamin B5), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

In its acetyl form, coenzyme A is a highly versatile molecule, serving metabolic functions in both the anabolic and catabolic pathways. Acetyl-CoA is utilised in the post-translational regulation and allosteric regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and carboxylase to maintain and support the partition of pyruvate synthesis and degradation.
Department of Defense Directive 2310
DoD Directive 2310 is a policy of the United States of America that concerns the treatment of enemy prisoners, particularly those classified as "unlawful combatants". The directive was modified in September 2006 in response to concerns about inhumane treatment of suspected Al Qaeda terrorists captured during the Iraq War.

It incorporates prohibitions against cruel, inhumane and degrading treatment.

Interrogators may not force a detainee to be naked, perform sexual acts or pose in a sexual manner. They may not use hoods or place sacks over a detainee's head or use duct tape over his eyes. They may not beat or electrically shock or burn him or inflict other forms of physical pain, any form of physical pain. They may not use waterboarding. They may not use hypothermia or treatment which might lead to heat injury. They may not perform mock executions. They may not deprive detainees of the necessary food, water and medical care. They may not use dogs in any aspect of interrogations.

Cruel and unusual punishment
"Cruel and unusual punishment"  is a phrase in common law describing punishment that is considered unacceptable due to the suffering, pain, or humiliation it inflicts on the person subjected to the sanction.  The precise definition varies by jurisdiction, but typically includes punishments that are arbitrary, unnecessary, or overly severe compared to the crime.
Ostrów, Gmina Ozorków
Ostrów [ˈɔstruf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ozorków, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Ozorków, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Zgierz, and 27 km (17 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Zgierz
Zgierz [zɡʲɛʂ] ⓘ is a city in central Poland, located just to the north of Łódź, and part of the Łódź metropolitan area. As of 2021, it had a population of 54,974. Located within the historic Łęczyca Land, it is the capital of Zgierz County in the Łódź Voivodeship.
Godson (surname)
Godson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dean Godson, British journalist

Francis Godson (1864-1953), Methodist minister in Barbados

John Godson (born 1970), Polish parliamentarian

Richard Godson (1797–1849), member of Parliament for Kidderminster, England

Dean Godson, Baron Godson
Dean Aaron Godson, Baron Godson (born 26 August 1962) is a British Conservative peer and the Director of the London-based right-wing think tank Policy Exchange.

In 2016, the Evening Standard named Godson one of London's most influential people, calling him an expert on social cohesion and praising the creation of the "integration hub" at Godson's think tank. Conservative political commentator Iain Dale also named Godson as one of the 100 most influential people on the right of British politics, in his annual rankings in 2016, 2017 and 2018. Dale also described Policy Exchange, in a February 2020 article, as "the pre-eminent think tank in the Westminster village".
Old School Derby Association
The Old School Derby Association (OSDA) was an association of roller derby leagues in the United States.

The OSDA was founded by Kenneth Sikes in 2007, with nine member leagues.  It has the stated ambition of bringing together innovations in flat-track derby with the traditions of the banked-track sport.  It uses a rulebook developed by the Penn Jersey She Devils, which can be used for men's, women's, mixed or alternating groups of skaters, and for play on flat- or banked-tracks.

The OSDA was initially described as one of the two main organisations for derby leagues, along with the Women's Flat Track Derby Association (WFTDA).  The New York Times described it as being known for "allowing tougher, more punishing hits" than the WFTDA.  As of 2013, the OSDA is defunct.

Roller derby
Roller derby is a roller skating contact sport played on an oval track by two teams of five skaters. It is played by approximately 1,250 amateur leagues worldwide, though it is most popular in the United States.

A 60-minute roller derby game, or bout, is a series of two-minute timed jams.  Each team, typically with a roster of 15, fields five skaters during each jam: one jammer, designated with a star on their helmet, and four blockers. During each jam, players skate counterclockwise on a circuit track. The jammer scores a point for each opposing blocker they lap. The blockers simultaneously defend by hindering the opposing jammer, while also playing offense by maneuvering to aid their own jammer. Because roller derby uses a penalty box, power jams, in which one team has a temporary numerical advantage after a foul, can have a major effect on scoring.
Will Jones (baseball)
Will Jones (June 30, 1896 – death unknown) was an American Negro league catcher between 1915 and 1920.

A native of Dayton, Tennessee, Jones made his Negro leagues debut in 1915 for the Louisville White Sox and Chicago American Giants. He went on to play for the St. Louis Giants, and finished his career with the Chicago Giants in 1920.

St. Louis Stars (baseball)
The St. Louis Stars, originally the St. Louis Giants, were a Negro league baseball team that competed independently from as early as 1906 to 1919, and then joined the Negro National League (NNL) for the duration of their existence. After the 1921 season, the Giants were sold by African-American promoter Charlie Mills to Dick Kent and Dr. Sam Sheppard, who built a new park and renamed the club the Stars. As the Stars, they eventually built one of the great dynasties in Negro league history, winning three pennants in four years from 1928 to 1931.
Gouania vitifolia
Gouania vitifolia, also known as gray Oʻahu chewstick, is a critically endangered flowering plant in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae that is endemic to Hawaii. There are less than 50 known remaining plants, many of which are believed to have perished in a 2018 wildfire.

Rhamnus (plant)
Rhamnus is a genus of about 140 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family Rhamnaceae. Its species range from 1 to 10 m (3 to 33 ft) tall (rarely to 15 m, 50 ft) and are native mainly in east Asia and North America, but found throughout the temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere, and also more locally in the subtropical Southern Hemisphere in parts of Africa and South America.

Both deciduous and evergreen species occur. The leaves are simple, 3 to 15 cm (1 to 6 in) long, and arranged alternately, in opposite pairs, or almost paired (subopposite). One distinctive character of many buckthorns is the way the veination curves upward towards the tip of the leaf. The plant bears fruits which are black or red berry-like drupes. The name is due to the woody spine on the end of each twig in many species. One species is known to have potential to be used medicinally.
Rensselaer RP-1
The Rensselaer RP-1 (for Rensselaer Polytechnic design 1) is an American low-wing, single-seat, foot-launchable prototype glider that was designed and built by the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute of Troy, New York. It first flew in 1980.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Open d'Andorra
The Open d'Andorra is an international figure skating competition held annually in Canillo, Andorra, usually in November. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice levels.

Canillo
Canillo (Catalan pronunciation: [kaˈniʎo]) is one of the seven parishes which make up Andorra. Canillo is also the name of the main town of the parish. The parish is considered the religious center of Andorra with the Sanctuary and Chapel of Our Lady of Meritxell, patron saint of Andorra, and contains one of the best-preserved romanesque churches in the Pyrenees, Sant Joan de Caselles. It has a population of 4,826 as of 2011. Despite having a tourist vocation, the parish of Canillo still retains many livestock and agricultural traits. It borders France to the north and east.
Pinole Tuff Formation
The Pinole Tuff Formation is a geologic formation of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in California.

It is found near Pinole and Rodeo area at San Pablo Bay and the Briones Hills of western Contra Costa County.

Fossils

It preserves fossils, including Oncorhynchus rastrosus and fragments of a proto-hipparion prehistoric horse, dating back to the Neogene period.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Heather Royer
Heather Royer (born c. 1974) is an American economist who is a professor of economics at the University of California, Santa Barbara and a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research. She has been an Associate Editor of The Journal of Human Resources, the Journal of Health Economics, and the Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, and will become coeditor of the AEA Journal of Economic Policy in September 2021.

She was a member of the women's team that set a world record in a swimming relay from Palos Verdes to Santa Catalina Island in 1994, and swam the English Channel in 1999. She is a member of the Alaska Swimming Hall of Fame.

Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization
The Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization is an academic journal published by Elsevier. It was started in 1980 by North-Holland, later merged into Elsevier. It publishes research on economic decision and behaviour influence organizations and markets.
Nirarathamnos
Nirarathamnos asarifolius is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, and the only species in the genus Nirarathamnos. It is endemic to Socotra. Its natural habitat is rocky areas. It is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Grantsville First Ward Meetinghouse
The Grantsville First Ward Meetinghouse, in Grantsville, Utah, United States, is a meeting house of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Church) which was built in 1865–1866. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982; the listing did not include a 1952 addition to the building.

Grantsville, Utah
Grantsville is the second most populous city in Tooele County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area.  The population was 12,617 at the 2020 census. The city has grown slowly and steadily throughout most of its existence, but rapid increases in growth occurred during the 1970s, 1990s, and 2010s.  Recent rapid growth has been attributed to being close to Salt Lake City, small town community feel, lower housing costs than Salt Lake County, the nearby Deseret Peak recreational center, the Utah Motorsports Campus raceway, and the newly built Wal-Mart distribution center located just outside the city.  It is quickly becoming a bedroom community for commuters into the Salt Lake Valley.
Pistol River
The Pistol River is a coastal stream that meanders for 21 miles (34 km) through the Southern Oregon Coast Range to the Pacific Ocean near the unincorporated community of Pistol River in the U.S. state of Oregon. Flowing generally southwest from its origin near Sugarloaf Mountain in the Siskiyou National Forest, the river enters the sea at Pistol River State Scenic Viewpoint, 10 miles (16 km) south of Gold Beach. The river received its name after pioneer James Mace lost his pistol in it in 1853.

The Pistol River supports populations of chinook salmon, threatened coho salmon, steelhead, and coastal cutthroat trout. The river flows generally through forests where logging has damaged the fish habitat. Work to restore the habitat is ongoing.

Southern Oregon Coast Range
The Southern Oregon Coast Range is the southernmost section of the Oregon Coast Range, in the Pacific Coast Ranges, located in the southwest portion of the state of Oregon, United States, roughly between the Umpqua River and the middle fork of the Coquille River, beyond which are the Klamath Mountains. To the east is the Umpqua Valley and to the west the Pacific Ocean. This approximately 55-mile (89 km)-long mountain range contains mountains as high as 3,547 feet (1,081 m) for Bone Mountain. The mountains are known locally in the Roseburg area as the Callahan Mountains, or simply as The Callahans.