hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pugong
Pugong (19 March 1904 – c. 1960s), born as Pujian, also referred to as P'u Kuang and Ali, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. He was the son of Zaixun and a cousin of Puyi, the Last Emperor of China, and a great-grandson of the Daoguang Emperor.

His first marriage was to Lady Chahala, daughter of Vice Minister Zeng Chong. The marriage ended in divorce in 1934 without issue.

He married a second time to Huang Yongni (黃詠霓), an ethnic Hui Beijing opera actress who is better known by her stage name Xue Yanqin (雪艷琴). Soon after the marriage, he converted to Islam, renounced his royal status and took the Islamic name Ali. The marriage produced one son and three daughters. Pugong was devout in his new faith, strictly abided to Islamic precepts, and often went to the Xidan Mosque to participate in prayer. He was present at the opening of the Tokyo Mosque in 1938.

His son, Huang Shixiang, who adopted his mother's family name "Huang", is also a prominent Beijing opera actor.

Tokyo Mosque
The Tokyo Mosque (Japanese: 東京ジャーミイ, romanized: Tōkyō-jāmii), also known as Tokyo Camii (pronounced "jamii" in Arabic), is a mosque with an adjoining Turkish culture center located in the Ōyama-chō district of Shibuya ward in Tokyo, Japan. It is the largest mosque in Japan.

Originally built in 1938, the current building was completed in 2000. It was designed by Hilmi Şenalp, in an Ottoman style.
Vostok 1
Vostok 1 (Russian: Восток, lit. 'East'  or 'Orient') was the first spaceflight of the Vostok programme and the first human orbital spaceflight in history. The Vostok 3KA space capsule was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome on 12 April 1961, with Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin aboard, making him the first human to reach orbital velocity around the Earth and to complete a full orbit around the Earth.

The orbital spaceflight consisted of a single orbit around Earth which skimmed the upper atmosphere at 169 kilometers (105 miles; 91 nautical miles) at its lowest point. The flight took 108 minutes from launch to landing. Gagarin parachuted to the ground separately from his capsule after ejecting at 7 km (23,000 ft) altitude.

Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
The World Air Sports Federation (French: Fédération aéronautique internationale; FAI) is the world governing body for air sports, and also stewards definitions regarding human spaceflight.  It was founded on 14 October 1905, and is headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland. It maintains world records for aeronautical activities, including ballooning, aeromodeling, and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), as well as flights into space.
Kizhakkoottu Aniyan Marar
Kizhakkoottu Aniyan Marar (born 1946) is an Indian chenda artist from Kerala. He leads several popular traditional orchestra performances in Kerala, most notably the Thrissur Pooram. He is a recipient of several awards including the Kerala Government's highest musical award, Pallavoor Puraskaram.

Thrissur Pooram
The Thrissur Pooram is an annual Hindu temple festival held in Thrissur, Kerala, India. It is held at the Vadakkunnathan Temple in Thrissur every year on the Pooram day—the day when the moon rises with the Pooram star in the Malayalam Calendar month of Medam. It is the largest and most famous of all poorams in India. Thrissur pooram is also one of the largest festivals in Asia with more than 1 million visitors. The Thrissur Pooram Exhibition is conducted over a period of 40 to 50 days during the Thrissur Pooram.
Helen Ma (actress)
Helen Ma (馬海倫, born November 28, 1948) is a Hong Kong actress. Beginning her career in the Hong Kong movie industry since the 1960s, she is known to have appeared in various Hong Kong produced movies and dramas. Ma is currently an actress under television broadcast TVB.

Cupid Stupid
Cupid Stupid, formerly known as The Stars of Love, is a TVB modern romance series which premiered on Malaysia's Astro On Demand Channel from 25 January 2010 until 25 February 2010. There were twenty episodes.
Bursa copulatrix (gastropods)
The bursa copulatrix, also known as gametolytic sac or gametolytic gland,  is an anatomical structure found in the female and hermaphroditic reproductive system of various gastropods, playing a central role in the digestion or storage of spermatozoa after copulation. It is typically connected to the reproductive tract through a bursal duct, and may be associated with other reproductive structures such as the albumen gland, seminal receptacle, or the hermaphroditic duct, among others. It shows considerable morphological variation across taxonomic groups, reflecting its adaptive role in gastropod reproductive strategies. It is morphologically and functionally diverse among gastropods and has significant implications for understanding the evolutionary biology and systematics of the group.

Reproductive system
The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction.  Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system. Unlike most organ systems, the sexes of differentiated species often have significant differences. These differences allow for a combination of genetic material between two individuals, which allows for the possibility of greater genetic fitness of the offspring.
Kim Larsen
Kim Mellius Flyvholm Larsen (23 October 1945 – 30 September 2018) was a Danish singer, songwriter, author, and guitarist. He began his musical career in 1968 after a brief period as an elementary school teacher and became known from 1969 as a member of the rock group Gasolin. During his time with Gasolin (which lasted until 1978), Larsen also released solo albums and records with his leisure band, which went by several names. After the disbandment of Gasolin, Larsen continued as a solo artist and band leader.

Personal identification number (Denmark)
The Danish Personal Identification number (personnummer or informally Danish: CPR-nummer, Greenlandic: CPR-normu or inuup-normua) is a national identification number, which is part of the personal information stored in the Civil Registration System (Danish: Det Centrale Personregister, Greenlandic: Inunnik Qitiusumik Nalunaarsuiffik).

The register was established in 1968 by combining information from all the municipal civil registers of Denmark into one. The register came into force by royal assent in Greenland with the effect from 1 July 1972.

It is a ten-digit number with the format DDMMYY-SSSS, where DDMMYY is the date of birth and SSSS is a sequence number. The first digit of the sequence number encodes the century of birth (so that centenarians are distinguished from infants), and the last digit of the sequence number is odd for males and even for females.
Emirates Aviation University
Emirates Aviation University (EAU) is a university located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.  It is the educational arm of The Emirates Group. The EAU offers education in aeronautical engineering, aviation management, Aircraft maintenance engineering, business management, aviation safety and security studies.

Security studies
Security studies, also known as international security studies, is an academic sub-field within the wider discipline of international relations that studies organized violence, military conflict, national security, and international security.

While the field (much like its parent field of international relations) is often meant to educate students who aspire to professional careers in think tanks, consulting, defense contractors, human rights NGOs or in government service positions focused on diplomacy, foreign policy, conflict resolution and prevention, emergency and disaster management, intelligence, and defense, it can also be tailored to students seeking to professionally conduct academic research within academia, or as public intellectuals, pundits or journalists writing about security policy.
Bahia Palace
The Bahia Palace (Arabic: قصر الباهية) is a mid to late 19th-century palace in Marrakesh, Morocco. The palace was first begun by Si Musa, grand vizier under the Alawi sultan Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman, in the 1860s. It was expanded by his son Si Ba Ahmed ibn Musa, grand vizier of Sultan Moulay Abdelaziz, between 1894 and 1900. Today it is a well-known historic monument and tourist attraction in the city.

The palace has an irregular layout comprising around 150 rooms organized around multiple internal courtyards and riad gardens. It is most notable for its decoration, particularly its painted wood ceilings, along with sculpted stucco and zellij tilework. The original grounds of the palace also encompassed a wider area with gardens, parks, stables, a mosque, and other annexes.

Madani El Glaoui
Si El Madani El Glaoui (1860–July 1918; born Madani El Mezouari El Glaoui, Arabic: المدني المزواري الڭلاوي, romanized: al-Madanī al-Mazwarī al-Glāwī; Tachelhit: Lmadani Aglawu), nicknamed the faqih (the literate) was a prominent statesman in Morocco during the late 19th century and early 20th century. He was largely responsible for establishing the Glaoui family's power in the country.

Descendant of a family in the service of the Moroccan Makhzen since the reign of Moulay Ismail, and invested by Moulay Hassan, Si El Madani served 4 successive sultans with several functions, culminating in his appointment in 1908 as Grand Vizier (صدر أعظم in Arabic) under Moulay Abdelhafid before being dismissed in 1911 at the urging of France, whose increasing influence in Moroccan affairs he had opposed.
Thamunwal
Thamunwal is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 8.5 kilometres (5.3 mi) from Nakodar, 26.7 kilometres (16.6 mi) from Kapurthala, 50 kilometres (31 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 176 kilometres (109 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
Interlaken District
Interlaken is a district of the canton of Bern.

From 1 January 2010, the district lost its administrative power while being replaced by the Interlaken-Oberhasli, whose administrative centre is Interlaken. Since 2010, it remains therefore a fully recognised district under the law and the Constitution (Art.3 al.2) of the Canton of Berne.

Its administrative capital was Interlaken. It comprises 23 municipalities with a total area of 724 km2:

CH-3803 Beatenberg

CH-3806 Bönigen

CH-3855 Brienz

CH-3856 Brienzwiler

CH-3707 Därligen

CH-3818 Grindelwald

CH-3814 Gsteigwiler

CH-3815 Gündlischwand

CH-3804 Habkern

CH-3858 Hofstetten bei Brienz

CH-3800 Interlaken

CH-3807 Iseltwald

CH-3822 Lauterbrunnen

CH-3706 Leissigen

CH-3816 Lütschental

CH-3800 Matten bei Interlaken

CH-3853 Niederried bei Interlaken

CH-3854 Oberried am Brienzersee

CH-3852 Ringgenberg

CH-3813 Saxeten

CH-3855 Schwanden bei Brienz

CH-3800 Unterseen

CH-3812 Wilderswil

Matten bei Interlaken
Matten bei Interlaken (abbreviated as Matten b.I., or simply Matten) is a village and municipality in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

Matten b.I. belongs to the Small Agglomeration Interlaken with 23,300 inhabitants (2014).
T-Pop Stage Show
T-POP Stage Show (Thai: ที-ป็อปสเตจโชว์), formerly known as T-POP Stage (Thai: ที-ป็อปสเตจ), is a Thai music program broadcast by Workpoint. It airs live every Saturday at 21:30 ICT. The show features some of the latest and most popular artists who perform on stage. It is broadcast from Workpoint Studio in Bang Phun, Mueang Pathum Thani, Pathum Thani.

Workpoint TV
Workpoint Channel (Thai: ช่องเวิร์คพอยท์) is a national digital terrestrial television station in Thailand, operated by Thai Broadcasting Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Workpoint Entertainment Public Company Limited. The channel provides general programming in standard definition, with a primary focus on game shows and variety shows. Many of its programs were previously produced and aired on other free-to-air television channels before being moved to this channel.
Cesare Del Prete
Cesare Del Prete (11 September 1840 – February 1904) was an Italian lawyer and politician who served as deputy of the Kingdom of Italy (1880–1882) and as the first president of the Province of Lucca (1889–1895).

Chamber of Deputies (Kingdom of Italy)
The Chamber of Deputies of the Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Camera dei deputati del Regno d'Italia) was the main legislative body of the Kingdom of Italy descended from the lower house of the Kingdom of Sardinia, but supplemented with deputies from territories captured during the Second Italian War of Independence and the Expedition of the Thousand. Along with the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy, it formed the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until 1939.
Mostafa Boroujerdi
Ayatollah Mostafa Boroujerdi(Persian: مصطفی بروجردی) (born 1962) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a.

He studied in the seminaries of Qom, Iran under the Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Fazel Lankarani and Mohammad Mahdi Bojnourdi.

Ayatollah
Ayatollah (UK: /ˌaɪəˈtɒlə/, also US: /ˌaɪəˈtoʊlə/; Arabic: آية الله, romanized: ʾāyatu llāh; Persian: آیت‌الله, romanized: âyatollâh [ɒːjjætˌolˈlɒːh]) is a title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century.

Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished  marja' at-taqlid mujtahid, it suffered from "inflation"  following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid". By 2015, it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs.

The title is not used by the Sunni community of Iran, due to their belief that Muhammad did not appoint a successor.

In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah".
Mormeal
Mormeal (locally [ˌmɔrˈmeːl] and [ˌmɔrˈmiːl], from Irish  Mír Mhíchíl 'Michael's portion') is a townland lying within the civil parish of Kilcronaghan, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It lies in the west of the parish with the Altagoan river to its west forming the parish boundary with Ballynascreen. It is bounded by the townlands of: Brackaghlislea, Drumard, Duntibryan, Gortnaskey, Granny, Tamnyaskey. It wasn't apportioned to any of the London livery companies, being kept as church lands.

The townland was part of Tobermore electoral ward of the former Magherafelt District Council, however in 1926 it was part of Tobermore district electoral division as part of the Maghera division of Magherafelt Rural District. It was also part of the historic barony of Loughinsholin.

Maghera
Maghera (/ˌmæhəˈrɑː, ˌmækəˈrɑː/ MA-hə-RAH, MAK-ə-RAH; from Irish Machaire Rátha, meaning 'plain of
the ringfort') is a small town at the foot of the Glenshane Pass in Northern Ireland. Its population was 4,235 in the 2021 census. Formerly in the barony of Loughinsholin within the historic County Londonderry, it is today in the local-government district of Mid-Ulster.
Befreit
"Befreit" ("Released" or "Liberated") is an art song for voice and piano composed by Richard Strauss in 1898, setting a poem by the German poet Richard Dehmel. The song is part of the collection Fünf Lieder für hohe Singstimme mit Pianofortebegleitung (Five songs for high voice with piano accompaniment). Strauss orchestrated the song in 1933.

Norman Del Mar
Norman René Del Mar CBE (31 July 1919 – 6 February 1994) was an English conductor, horn player, and biographer. As a conductor, he specialised in the music of late romantic composers; including Edward Elgar, Gustav Mahler, and Richard Strauss. He left a great legacy of recordings of British music, in particular Elgar, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Frederick Delius, and Benjamin Britten. He notably conducted the premiere recording of Britten's children's opera Noye's Fludde.
Pryeria sinica
Pryeria sinica, the euonymus defoliator moth is a species of moth of the Zygaenidae family. It is native to Asia and has been introduced in the United States, where it has been found in Maryland and Virginia.

The larvae feed on Euonymus and Celastrus species, including Euonymus alatus, Euonymus japonicus Euonymus fortunei, Euonymus sieboldianus, Euonymus kiautschovica and Celastrus punctatus.

Euonymus fortunei
Euonymus fortunei, the spindle, Fortune's spindle, winter creeper or wintercreeper, is a species of flowering plant in the family Celastraceae, native to east Asia, including China, Korea, the Philippines and Japan. E. fortunei is highly invasive and damaging in the United States, causing the death of trees and forest in urban areas.
Renaissance philosophy
Renaissance philosophy encompasses the philosophical thought of the period running in Europe roughly between 1400 and 1600. It therefore overlaps both with late medieval philosophy, which in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries was influenced by notable figures such as Albert the Great, Thomas Aquinas, William of Ockham, and Marsilius of Padua, and early modern philosophy, which conventionally starts with René Descartes and his publication of the Discourse on Method in 1637.

Albertus Magnus
Albertus Magnus OP (c. 1200 – 15 November 1280), also known as Saint Albert the Great, Albert of Swabia, Albert von Bollstadt, or Albert of Cologne, was a German Dominican friar, philosopher, scientist, and bishop. He is considered one of the greatest medieval philosophers and thinkers.

Canonized in 1931, he was known during his lifetime as Doctor universalis and Doctor expertus; late in his life the sobriquet Magnus was appended to his name. Scholars such as James A. Weisheipl and Joachim R. Söder have referred to him as the greatest German philosopher and theologian of the Middle Ages. The Catholic Church distinguishes him as one of the Doctors of the Church.
1982 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1982 were appointments by most of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries, and honorary ones to citizens of other countries. They were announced in The London Gazette on 31 December 1981 to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1982.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Royal Regiment of Wales
The Royal Regiment of Wales (24th/41st Foot) was an infantry regiment of the British Army, part of the Prince of Wales' Division. It was formed in 1969 by the amalgamation of the South Wales Borderers and the Welch Regiment. The 1st Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Wales (24th/41st Foot) had a short existence in military terms, just over 36 years. Within two months of amalgamation, the battalion was one of the first units to be deployed to Northern Ireland.

In 2006, the regiment amalgamated with the Royal Welch Fusiliers to form the Royal Welsh.
Akka Pakka
Akka Pakka is a 2013 Kannada comedy film directed by UK Das. The film was produced by Lalitha Deep Arts. The film is loosely based on the 1989 American film See No Evil, Hear No Evil which was also the inspiration for Hindi movies Hum Hain Kamaal Ke and Pyare Mohan, Marathi movie Eka Peksha Ek, Tamil movie Andipatti Arasampatti and Kannada movie Baduku Jataka Bandi.

Three wise monkeys
The three wise monkeys (三猿, San'en; [saɰ̃.eɴ], lit. 'three monkeys') are a Japanese pictorial maxim, embodying the proverbial principle "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil". The three monkeys are

Mizaru (見猿), covering his eyes and "not seeing" (見ざる, mizaru),

Kikazaru (聞か猿), covering his ears and "not hearing" (聞かざる, kikazaru),

Iwazaru (言わ猿), covering his mouth and "not speaking" (言わざる, iwazaru).

Lafcadio Hearn refers to them as the three mystic apes.

There are at least two divergent interpretations of the maxim: in Buddhist tradition, it is about avoiding evil thoughts and deeds. In the West, however, it is often interpreted as dealing with impropriety by turning a blind eye.

Outside Japan the monkeys' names are sometimes given as Mizaru, Mikazaru and Mazaru, as the last two names were corrupted from the Japanese originals. The monkeys are Japanese macaques, a common species in Japan.
Miter joint
A miter joint (mitre in British English) is a joint made by cutting each of two parts to be joined, across the main surface, usually at a 45° angle, to form a corner, usually to form a 90° angle, though it can comprise any angle greater than 0 degrees. It is called beveling when the angled cut is done on the side, although the resulting joint is still a miter joint.

For woodworking, a disadvantage of a miter joint is its weakness, but it can be strengthened with a spline (a thin wafer of wood inserted into a slot, usually arranged with the long grain of the spline across the short grain of the frame timber). There are two common variations of a splined miter joint, one where the spline is long and runs the length of the mating surfaces and another where the spline is perpendicular to the joined edges.

Common applications include picture frames, pipes, and molding.

Strength of materials
The strength of materials is determined using various methods of calculating the stresses and strains in structural members, such as beams, columns, and shafts. The methods employed to predict the response of a structure under loading and its susceptibility to various failure modes takes into account the properties of the materials, such as yield strength, ultimate strength, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio. In addition, the mechanical element's macroscopic (geometric) properties, such as its length, width, thickness, boundary constraints, and abrupt changes in geometry, such as holes, are considered.

The theory began with the consideration of the behavior of one and two dimensional members of structures, whose states of stress can be approximated as two dimensional, and was then generalized to three dimensions to develop a more complete theory of the elastic and plastic behavior of materials. An important founding pioneer in mechanics of materials was Stephen Timoshenko.
Brunei at the SEA Games
Brunei Darussalam competes in the Southeast Asian Games since the 1977 edition of the games in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia where they won their first 3 Bronze Medals. Brunei hosted and competed in the 1999 Southeast Asian Games in Bandar Seri Begawan and finished tenth in the overall total rankings with 4 Gold Medals, 12 Silver Medals and 31 Bronze Medals and is their current best performance in the games.

SEA Games
The Southeast Asian Games, commonly known as SEA Games, is a biennial multi-sport event involving participants from the current 11 countries of Southeast Asia. The games are under the regulation of the Southeast Asian Games Federation with supervision by the International Olympic Committee and the Olympic Council of Asia.

The SEA Games is one of the five subregional Games of the Olympic Council of Asia, the others being South Asian Games, West Asian Games, East Asian Games, and Central Asian Games.