hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ball lens
A ball lens is an optical lens in the shape of a sphere. Formally, it is a bi-convex spherical lens with the same radius of curvature on both sides, and diameter equal to twice the radius of curvature. The same optical laws may be applied to analyze its imaging characteristics as for other lenses.

As a lens, a transparent sphere of any material with refractive index (n) greater than air (n > 1.00) bends parallel rays of light to a focal point. For most glassy materials the focal point is only slightly beyond the surface of the ball, on the side opposite to where the rays entered. Ball lenses have extremely high optical aberration, including large amounts of coma and field curvature compared to conventional lenses.

Ball lenses or "lensballs" are used by photographers to take novel extreme wide-angle photos.

Petzval field curvature
Petzval field curvature, named for Joseph Petzval, describes the optical aberration in which a flat object normal to the optical axis (or a non-flat object past the hyperfocal distance) cannot be brought properly into focus on a flat image plane. Field curvature can be corrected with the use of a field flattener, designs can also incorporate a curved focal plane like in the case of the human eye in order to improve image quality at the focal surface.
Tai Shui Hang station
Tai Shui Hang (Chinese: 大水坑; Cantonese Yale: Daaihséuihāang) is an MTR station on the Tuen Ma line in Hong Kong. It serves residential estates including Kam Tai Court, Mountain Shore, Chevalier Garden and Sausalito, Tai Shui Hang Village and Sha Tin Fishermen's New Village. It also serves five kindergartens, primary and secondary schools. The pattern featured on the platform pillar and glass barrier is a shot of nature representing the Ma On Shan Country Park. For a period before the line opened, the station was known as "Fu On", since it is located opposite Chevalier Garden (transliterated from Chinese "Fu On Garden").

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Hellmann's and Best Foods
Hellmann's and Best Foods are American brand names that are used for the same line of mayonnaise, ketchup, mustard, sauce, salad dressing, condiments and other food products. They have been owned by the British multinational company Unilever since 2000. The Hellmann's brand is sold in the Middle East, the United States east of the Rocky Mountains, in Latin America, Europe, Australia,  Canada, India, and Pakistan. The Best Foods brand is sold in the United States west of the Rocky Mountains, in East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.

Hellmann's and Best Foods are marketed in a similar way. Their logos and websites resemble one another, and they have the same slogan: "Bring out the best".

Both brands were previously sold by the U.S.-based Bestfoods Corporation, which also sold several other food products in addition to Hellmann's and Best Foods mayonnaise. Bestfoods, known as CPC international before 1997, was acquired by Unilever in 2000.

Condiment
A condiment is a preparation that is added to food, typically after cooking, to enhance the flavor, to complement the dish, or to impart a specific flavor. Such specific flavors generally add sweetness or pungency, or sharp or piquant flavors. The seasonings and spices common in many different cuisine arise from global introductions of foreign trade. Condiments include those added to cooking to impart flavor, such as barbecue sauce and soy sauce; those added before serving, such as mayonnaise in a sandwich; and those added tableside to taste, such as ketchup with fast food. Condiments can also provide other health benefits to diets that lack micronutrients.
2018 Cupa României final
The 2018 Cupa României final was the final match of the 2017–18 Cupa României and the 80th final of the Cupa României, Romania's premier football cup competition. It was played on 27 May 2018 between Hermannstadt and Universitatea Craiova.

Hermannstadt reached their first ever cup final in the third year of the club's existence. They are the 14th team, and the first in 36 years, to reach the final while not playing in the top league.

This was the first final for Universitatea since 1991, and the first for a team from Craiova in 18 years.

The winner qualified for the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League. They also earned the right to play against 2017–18 Liga I champions for the 2018 Supercupa României.

The game was hosted by the Arena Națională stadium in Bucharest.

2017–18 Liga I
The 2017–18 Liga I (also known as Liga 1 Betano for sponsorship reasons) was the 100th season of the Liga I, the top professional league for Romanian association football clubs. The season began on 14 July 2017 and ended on 2 June 2018, being the third to take place since the play-off/play-out format has been introduced.

Defending champions Viitorul Constanța came fourth. CFR Cluj became the new champions in the last fixture of the play-off, clinching their fourth league title after finishing one point above FCSB. Juventus București and Sepsi OSK entered as the promoted teams from the 2016–17 Liga II, but only the latter managed to avoid relegation.

Since Romania dropped from 15th to 17th in the UEFA association coefficient rankings, only the title winner qualified for the UEFA Champions League.
Wuling Town
Wuling Town (Chinese: 武陵镇; pinyin: Wǔlíng Zhèn) was a historic town of Dingcheng District (the former Changde County) in Changde Prefecture-level City, Hunan, China. It was established on March 12, 1981, named after Wuling (Chinese: 武陵) of local ancient name; Guojiapu Township (Chinese: 郭家铺乡) was merge to the town. As a township-level division, Wuling Town ceased to be a separate town, It was divided into 3 subdistricts of Guojiapu, Hongyun and Yuxia in 2013.

Wuling Town was located on the southern bank of the Yuan River, It was surrounded by Wuling District across the Yuan river to the west, north and east, Doumuhu Town to the south.

In 2013, the town had an area of 37.67 km2 (14.54 sq mi) with a population of 152,000, it was divided into 21 commities and four villages, its seat was Yuxia Community (Chinese: 玉霞社区; the seat of the present of Yuxia Subdistrict).

Yuan River
The Yuan River, also known by its Chinese name as the Yuanjiang, is one of the four largest rivers in Hunan province in southeast-central China. It is a tributary of Yangtze River. It is 864 kilometres (537 mi) long and rises in Guizhou province in the Miao Mountains near Duyun and is navigable. The upper stream is called the Longtou River, and downstream it is called the Qingshui or Ch‘ing-shui River. It becomes the Yuan River after its confluence with its northern tributary, the Wu River.

After its merger with the Wu River, the Yuan flows in a northeasterly direction, hugging the western side of the Xuefeng Mountains of Hunan. Ultimately, the Yuan flows into the Dongting Lake at Changde and from there into the Yangtze River. The Yuan serves as a major waterway for western Hunan and eastern Guizhou. The Yuan is navigable for large vessels up to Changde, whereas smaller boats can make it to Taoyuan.
Terihat
Terihat (Albanian definite form: Terihati, Greek: Τεριαχάτι/Τεριαχάτες; romanized: Teriaháti/Teriahátes) is a village in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality of Dropull.

Dropull
Dropull (Albanian definite form: Dropulli; Greek: Δρόπολη or Δερόπολη Dropoli or Deropoli) is a municipality in Gjirokastër County, in southern Albania. The region stretches from south of the city of Gjirokastër to the Greek–Albanian border, along the Drino river. The region's villages are part of the Greek "minority zone" recognized by the Albanian government, in which majorities of Greeks live.

The municipality Dropull was created in 2015 by the merger of the former municipalities Dropull i Poshtëm, Dropull i Sipërm and Pogon. The seat of the municipality is the village Sofratikë. According to the 2011 census the total population is 3,503; according to the civil registry of that year, which counts all citizens including those who live abroad, it is 23,247. The municipality covers an area of 448.45 km2 (173.15 sq mi).
Wynn Resorts
Wynn Resorts, Limited is an American publicly traded corporation based in Paradise, Nevada, that is a developer and operator of high-end hotels and casinos. It was founded in 2002 by former Mirage Resorts Chairman and CEO Steve Wynn and is now run by CEO Craig Billings. As of 2020, the company has developed six properties.

Paradise, Nevada
Paradise is an unincorporated town and census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Nevada, United States, adjacent to the city of Las Vegas. It was formed on December 8, 1950. Its population was 191,238 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous CDP in the United States; if it were an incorporated city, it would be the fifth-largest in Nevada. As an unincorporated town, it is governed by the Clark County Commission with input from the Paradise Town Advisory Board.

Paradise contains Harry Reid International Airport; the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV); the majority of the Las Vegas Strip; and most of the tourist attractions in the Las Vegas area (excluding downtown). However, all Paradise addresses, as well as other unincorporated areas in the Las Vegas Valley, have "Las Vegas" addresses.
Bill Rollinson
Bill Rollinson was an alias used by William Henry Winslow (June 10, 1856 – September 28, 1938), an American Major League Baseball catcher who played in one game on June 17, 1884 for the Washington Nationals of the Union Association.

Washington Nationals (Union Association)
The 1884 Washington Nationals were a baseball team belonging to the Union Association. They were managed by Michael Scanlon and finished in seventh place with a record of 47–65. Their home games were played at Capitol Grounds. The Nationals folded with the rest of the Union Association when it was discontinued after 1884, its only season of operation.

This team is distinct from the other 1884 Washington Nationals franchise, a different team that played in the American Association the same year.
Streamlining theory
Genomic streamlining is a theory in evolutionary biology and microbial ecology that suggests that there is a reproductive benefit to prokaryotes having a smaller genome size with less non-coding DNA and fewer non-essential genes. There is a lot of variation in prokaryotic genome size, with the smallest free-living cell's genome being roughly ten times smaller than the largest prokaryote. Two of the free-living bacterial taxa with the smallest genomes are Prochlorococcus and Pelagibacter ubique, both highly abundant marine bacteria commonly found in oligotrophic regions. Similar reduced genomes have been found in uncultured marine bacteria, suggesting that genomic streamlining is a common feature of bacterioplankton. This theory is typically used with reference to free-living organisms in oligotrophic environments.

Oligotroph
An oligotroph is an organism that can live in an environment that offers very low levels of nutrients. They may be contrasted with copiotrophs, which prefer nutritionally rich environments. Oligotrophs are characterized by slow growth, low rates of metabolism, and generally low population density. Oligotrophic environments are those that offer little to sustain life. These environments include deep oceanic sediments, caves, glacial and polar ice, deep subsurface soil, aquifers, ocean waters, and leached soils.

Examples of oligotrophic organisms are the cave-dwelling olm; the bacterium "Candidatus Pelagibacter communis", which is the most abundant organism in the ocean (with an estimated 2 × 1028 individuals in total); and lichens, with their extremely low metabolic rate.
Thit Nyi Naung
Thit Nyi Naung (Burmese: သစ်ညီနောင်) is a village in Pauk Township, Magway Region, Myanmar (Burma). It is located in village tact of Taung Myint.

There is a school in the village funded by the pro-democracy National Unity Government of Myanmar. In October 2022, during the Myanmar civil war, troops of the Tatmadaw military junta entered the town and abducted a schoolteacher who was involved in administration, Saw Tun Moe. They took him to nearby Taung Myint, where he was murdered and his body mutilated. The murder was condemned by other countries. In 2019, prior to the civil war, the village had a high school employing 11 teachers serving 295 students as well as a clinic and the second oldest non-profit group in the township.

Pauk Township
Pauk Township (Burmese: ပေါက်မြို့နယ်) is a township of Pakokku District in Magway Division of Myanmar. The principal town and administrative seat is Pauk.

The township lies between 21° 10' and 21° 49' north latitude and 94° 18' and 94° 44' east longitude. It has an area of 1,490 sq.mi.  The principal river is the Kyaw River along the banks of which rice is grown.

The Burmese government has denied that chemical weapons are produced at the military facility there.
Cue sports at the 2013 World Games
The cue sports competition at the 2013 World Games, including three-cushion billiards, nine-ball (a pool discipline) and snooker, took place from July 26 to 30 at the Unidad Deportiva Alberto Galindo in Cali, Colombia.

Cali
Santiago de Cali (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe ˈkali]), or Cali, is the capital of the Valle del Cauca department, and the most populous city in southwest Colombia, with an estimated 2,280,522 residents in 2023. The city spans 560.3 km2 (216.3 sq mi) with 120.9 km2 (46.7 sq mi) of urban area, making Cali the second-largest city in the country by area and the third most populous. Cali is the main urban and economic center in the south of the country, and has one of Colombia's fastest-growing economies. The city was founded on 25 July 1536 by the Spanish explorer Sebastián de Belalcázar.

As a sporting center for Colombia, it was the host city for the 1971 Pan American Games. Cali also hosted the 1992 World Wrestling Championships, the 2013 edition of the World Games, the UCI Track Cycling World Championships in 2014, the World Youth Championships in Athletics in 2015 as well as the inaugural Junior Pan American Games in 2021 and the 2022 World Athletics U20 Championships.
Aselefech Mergia
Aselefech Mergia Medessa (Oromo: Asallafach Margaa Mardaasaa; Amharic: አሰለፈች መርጊያ; born 23 January 1985) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in the marathon. She was a bronze medallist in the event at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics. She is a two-time winner of the Dubai Marathon and has finished in the top three at the Paris and London Marathons. She was retrospectively confirmed as the winner of the 2010 London Marathon after the top two were disqualified. Her personal best of 2:19:31 hours is a former Ethiopian record for the distance and places her within the top ten of all-time.

Delhi Half Marathon
Delhi Half Marathon, currently branded as the Vedanta Delhi Half Marathon for sponsorship reasons, is an annual half marathon foot-race held in New Delhi, India. Established in 2005, it is both an elite runner and mass participation event. It is an AIMS-certified course and is listed as a Gold Label Road Race by the IAAF. The race has seen the best of the athletes competing since the course is considered one of the fastest half marathon route. The event sees about 40,000 participants through the race categories of half marathon, the 7 km Great Delhi Run, a 4.3 km run for senior citizens, and a 3.5 km wheelchair race
2008 Hong Kong legislative election in Hong Kong Island
These are the Hong Kong Island results of the 2008 Hong Kong legislative election. The election was held on 7 September 2008 and all 6 seats in Hong Kong Island were contested. The pan-democracy camp retained four seats as compared to pro-Beijing camp's two seats, with Civic Party successfully get two candidates, newcomer Tanya Chan and Audrey Eu who stood as second candidate on their list. Pro-Beijing independent Regina Ip who lost the 2007 Hong Kong Island by-election less than a year ago, won a new seat.

Audrey Eu
Audrey Eu Yuet-mee is a Hong Kong lawyer and politician who represented Hong Kong Island in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong from 2000 to 2012. Eu was the founding leader of the Civic Party and was a member of the party's executive committee, focusing on party development. In politics, Eu has focused on matters relating to the Basic Law.
Charles H. Murphy Sr. House
The Charles H. Murphy Sr. House in El Dorado, Arkansas, was built in 1925.  The 2+1⁄2-story house was designed in Tudor Revival style by architect Charles L. Thompson, and built in 1925–26, during El Dorado's oil boom years.  Charles Murphy was a major landowner, originally in the lumber business, who benefitted greatly from the oil boom due to the increased value of local real estate.  He founded the predecessor company to Murphy Oil, which is still headquartered in El Dorado.

The house was listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and included in the Murphy-Hill Historic District in 2007.

El Dorado, Arkansas
El Dorado (locally /ɛl dʌˈreɪdoʊ/ el durr-AY-doh) is a city in and the county seat of Union County, on the southern border of Arkansas, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 17,755.

El Dorado is headquarters of the Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission as well as Murphy USA, Deltic Timber Corporation and a DelekUS oil refinery. The city has a downtown arts district, the Murphy Arts District (MAD); a community college, South Arkansas College (SouthArk); and a multi-cultural arts center, South Arkansas Arts Center (SAAC). El Dorado is the population, cultural and business center of south central Arkansas.

The city was the heart of the 1920s oil boom in the area. During World War II, it became a center of the chemical industry, which still plays a part in the economy, as do oil and timber.
North Macedonia Film Agency
The North Macedonia Film Agency, also known as the Film Fund, is a governmental agency in North Macedonia established in 2006 to help, support, and contribute to the North Macedonia film industry. Formed by the Government of North Macedonia, the Film Fund is a legal entity under The Law for the Film Fund and its registered office is located in Skopje, officially beginning work in 2008. The agency's purpose is to provide artistic and financial support to film projects inside North Macedonia, or made by Macedonian filmmakers. It provides resources to studios and independent filmmakers in North Macedonia and has control over cinemas and film festivals.

Politics of North Macedonia
Politics in North Macedonia occur within the framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated North Macedonia a "flawed democracy" in 2022.
Potassium selenocyanate
Potassium selenocyanate is the inorganic compound with the formula KSeCN.  It is a hygroscopic white solid that is soluble in water, decomposing in air to red selenium and potassium cyanide.  The compound has been characterized by X-ray crystallography, which confirms that it is a salt.  The C-N and C-Se distances are 112 and 183 pm, respectively consistent with triple and single bonds.

Picometre
The picometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: pm) or picometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 10−12 m, or one trillionth (⁠1/1000000000000⁠) of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length.

The picometre is one thousand femtometres, one thousandth of a nanometre (⁠1/1000⁠ nm), one millionth of a micrometre (also known as a micron), one billionth of a millimetre, and one trillionth of a metre. The symbol μμ was once used for it. It is also one hundredth of an ångström, an internationally known (but non-SI) unit of length.
Saving Face (2004 film)
Saving Face is a 2004 American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Alice Wu, in her feature-length debut. The film focuses on Wilhelmina, a young Chinese American surgeon; her unwed, pregnant mother; and her dancer girlfriend. It was the first Hollywood movie that centered on Chinese Americans since The Joy Luck Club (1993).

The name itself is a reference to the pan-East Asian social concept of face.

GLAAD Media Award
The GLAAD Media Award is a US accolade bestowed by GLAAD to recognize and honor various branches of the media for outstanding portrayals of LGBTQ people and the issues that affect their lives.  In addition to film and television, the Awards also recognize achievements in other branches of the media and arts, including theatre, music, journalism and advertising.

Honorees are selected by a process involving over 700 GLAAD Media Award voters and volunteers and are evaluated using four criteria: "Fair, Accurate and Inclusive Representations" of the LGBT community, "Boldness and Originality" of the project, significant "Cultural Impact" on mainstream culture, and "Overall Quality" of the project.  Results are then certified by a "Review Panel" who determine the final list of recipients based on voting results and their own "expert opinions".

The 1st GLAAD Media Awards ceremony honoring the 1989 season was held in 1990, and recognized 34 nominees in 7 competitive categories.
Avon Dam
The Avon Dam is a heritage-listed dam at Avon, in the New South Wales Southern Highlands, Australia. It is one of four dams and weirs in the catchment of the Upper Nepean Scheme, providing water to the Macarthur and Illawarra regions, the Wollondilly Shire, and metropolitan Sydney. The arch dam across the Avon River was completed in 1927 under the supervision of Ernest Macartney de Burgh, the dam is currently managed by the Sydney Catchment Authority and is listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register.

Macarthur, New South Wales
Macarthur is a region in the Outer South-West part of the Greater Sydney area, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The region includes the local government areas of the City of Campbelltown, the Camden Council and the Wollondilly Shire. It covers an area of 3,067 square kilometres and has a population of close to 310,000 residents.

The region is bounded at the north by Glenfield; at the south by Yanderra; at the east by the town of Appin; and at the west by the hamlet Nattai.

Most of the population lives within the satellite city of Campbelltown and its surrounding suburbs.

The region is one of the fastest-growing regions in the Sydney metropolitan area, with many new modern suburbs sprouting up in recent decades such as Glen Alpine, Macquarie Links, Harrington Park, Blair Athol, Mount Annan, Currans Hill, Englorie Park, Picton, Oran Park, Gregory Hills, Gledswood Hills, Spring Farm and Catherine Field.