hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Marten (regicide)
Henry Marten (1602 – 9 September 1680) was an English lawyer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1640 and 1653. He was an ardent republican and a regicide of King Charles I of England. He was found guilty of taking part in the king's death. Although he remained a captive, he was spared the death penalty.

Regicide
Regicide is the purposeful killing of a monarch and is often associated with a violent change in the regime, as in a revolution. A regicide can also be the person responsible for the killing. The word comes from the Latin roots of regis and cida (cidium), meaning "of monarch" and "killer" respectively.
In the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after a trial, reflecting the historical precedent of the trial and execution of Charles I of England. The concept of regicide has also been explored in media and the arts through pieces like Macbeth (Macbeth's killing of King Duncan).

Scholars have found that regicide is particularly common in political systems with unclear succession rules.
Old Kannada
Old Kannada or Halegannada (Kannada: ಹಳೆಗನ್ನಡ, romanized: Haḷegannaḍa) is the Kannada language which transformed from Purvada halegannada or Pre-old Kannada during the reign of the Kadambas of Banavasi (ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka 345–525 CE).

The Modern Kannada language has evolved in four phases over the years. From the Purva Halegannada in the 5th century (as per early epigraphic records), to the Halegannada (Old Kannada) between the 9th and 11th century, the Nadugannada (Middle Kannada) between the 12th and 17th century (as evidenced by Vachana literature), it has evolved to the present day Hosagannada (Modern Kannada) from 18th century to present. Hosagannada (Modern Kannada) is the official language of the state of Karnataka and is one of the 22 scheduled languages of the Republic of India and is the native language of approximately 65% of Karnataka's population.

Banavasi
Banavasi is an ancient temple town located near Sirsi in Karnataka. Banavasi was the ancient capital of the Kadamba dynasty that ruled all of modern-day Karnataka state. They were the first native empire to bring Kannada and Karnataka to prominence. It is 24 km (15 mi) away from its nearest large city Sirsi through SH 77.
1993 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1993 at the Indiana University Natatorium in Indianapolis, Indiana at the 70th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States. The men's and women's titles would not be held at the same site until 2006.

Stanford again topped the team standings, finishing 124.5 points ahead of Michigan. It was the Cardinal's second consecutive and sixth overall title and the fifth for coach Skip Kenney.

Stanford Cardinal
The Stanford Cardinal are the athletic teams that represent Stanford University. Stanford's program has won 137 NCAA team championships, the most of any university. Stanford has won at least one NCAA team championship each academic year for 49 consecutive years, starting in 1976–77 and continuing through 2024–25. Through July 2025, Stanford athletes have won 565 individual NCAA titles.

Stanford has won 26 of the 31 NACDA Directors' Cups, awarded annually to the most successful overall college sports program in the nation, including 25 consecutive Cups from 1994–95 through 2018–19. 177 Stanford-affiliated athletes have won a total of 335 Summer Olympic medals (162 gold, 93 silver, 80 bronze), including 39 medals at the 2024 Paris games.

Stanford's teams compete at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) for college football) level as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC).
Aberdeen Angus
The Aberdeen Angus, sometimes simply Angus, is a Scottish breed of small beef cattle. It derives from cattle native to the counties of Aberdeen, Banff, Kincardine and Angus in north-eastern Scotland.: 96  In 2018 it accounted for over 17% of the beef production in the United Kingdom.

The Angus is naturally polled and solid black or red; the udder may be white. The cattle have been exported to many countries of the world; there are large populations in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South America and the United States, where it has developed into two separate and distinct breeds, the American Angus and the Red Angus.: 105  In some countries it has been bred to be taller than the native Scottish stock.

Its conservation status worldwide is "not at risk";: 143  in the United Kingdom the original Native Aberdeen Angus – cattle not influenced by cross-breeding with imported stock – is listed by the Rare Breeds Survival Trust as "at risk".

Rare Breeds Survival Trust
The Rare Breeds Survival Trust is a conservation charity whose purpose is to secure the continued existence and viability of the native farm animal genetic resources (FAnGR) of the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1973 by Joe Henson to preserve native breeds; since then, no UK-native breed has become extinct.

It maintains a watch list of rare native breeds of cattle, sheep, pigs, horses, goats and poultry, and an approved list of farm parks.

Projects have included the collection of genetic material to ensure the future of rare breeds in a farm animal "gene bank".  This project received publicity in the wake of the foot-and-mouth disease crisis in the UK and was supported by Charles III (while he was the Prince of Wales). The Trust also supports the Manx Ark Project, which provides sanctuary for rare breeds at several sites in the Isle of Man.
Curved mirror
A curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface. The surface may be either convex (bulging outward) or concave (recessed inward). Most curved mirrors have surfaces that are shaped like part of a sphere, but other shapes are sometimes used in optical devices. The most common non-spherical type are parabolic reflectors, found in optical devices such as reflecting telescopes that need to image distant objects, since spherical mirror systems, like spherical lenses, suffer from spherical aberration. Distorting mirrors are used for entertainment. They have convex and concave regions that produce deliberately distorted images. They also provide highly magnified or highly diminished (smaller) images when the object is placed at certain distances. Convex mirrors are often used for security and safety in shops and parking lots.

Ray (optics)
In optics, a ray is an idealized geometrical model of light or other electromagnetic radiation, obtained by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual light, and that points in the direction of energy flow.  Rays are used to model the propagation of light through an optical system, by dividing the real light field up into discrete rays that can be computationally propagated through the system by the techniques of ray tracing. This allows even very complex optical systems to be analyzed mathematically or simulated by computer.  Ray tracing uses approximate solutions to Maxwell's equations that are valid as long as the light waves propagate through and around objects whose dimensions are much greater than the light's wavelength.  Ray optics or geometrical optics does not describe phenomena such as diffraction, which require wave optics theory. Some wave phenomena such as interference can be modeled in limited circumstances by adding phase to the ray model.
Tate's Barn
Tate's Barn is an historic barn in Camden, Arkansas. It is located on the Oakland Farm, a 96-acre (39 ha) property off Oakland Street, belonging to the Tate family, who were among Ouachita County's first American settlers.  The barn, probably built in the 1880s, is a cypress structure with a complex floor plan spanning five levels.   It is 37 feet (11 m) wide and 50 feet (15 m) long, with a potato cellar, corn storage rooms, equipment storage, and two levels of hay loft.  Two sheds are attached to the barn, one housing horse stalls, the other farm implements.

The barn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

Camden, Arkansas
Camden is a city in and the county seat of Ouachita County in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The city is located about 100 miles south of Little Rock. Situated on bluffs overlooking the Ouachita River, the city developed because of the river.

The recorded history began in 1782 when a Spanish military post was established on the site of an old French trading post called Écore à Fabri. When Ouachita County was formed in 1842, American settlers changed the name to Camden. The city became an important port during the steamboat era when Camden became known as the “Queen City” of the Ouachita. In 1864, Camden became the unintended focus of the Red River Campaign, a major Civil War effort resulting in several significant battles.

In 2020, Camden had a population of 10,612, down from its 2010 population of 12,183. Camden is the principal city of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Ouachita and Calhoun counties.
Xu Guang
Xu Guang (Chinese: 徐光; pinyin: Xú Guāng; born June 1960) is a former Chinese politician who spent his whole career in north China's Henan province. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft body, the Chinese Communist Party Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission, in August 2019. He was then sentenced to 11 years in jail on January 11, 2021. Previously he served as vice-governor of Henan.

He was a delegate to the 11th National People's Congress and a delegate to the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

North China
North China (Chinese: 华北) is a geographical region of the People's Republic of China, consisting of five provincial-level administrative divisions, namely the direct-administered municipalities Beijing and Tianjin, the provinces Hebei and Shanxi, and the autonomous region Inner Mongolia (although the four prefectures east of the Greater Khingan Range are sometimes regarded as parts of Northeast China).

Part of the larger region of Northern China (Beifang), it lies north of the Qinling–Huaihe Line, with its heartland in the North China Plain. Most inhabitants here speak variants of Northern Chinese languages such as Mandarin, which includes the  Beijing dialect and its cousin variants. The Beijing dialect is largely the basis of Standard Chinese (or Standard Mandarin), the official language of the People's Republic of China. Jin Chinese and Mongolian are also widely spoken due to the political and cultural history of the area.
Asanbibi
Asanbibi (Bengali: আসানবিবি) is a folk deity, mostly worshipped in southern Bengal, in conjunction with her six sisters, namely, Olabibi (the Goddess of Cholera), Ajgaibibi, Chandbibi, Bahadabibi, Jhetunebibi and Jholabibi. It is believed by some modern scholars that these seven deities, together known as the Satbibis (seven ladies) are transmogrifications of the Saptamatrikas (Brahmi, Maheshvari, Vaisnavi, Varahi, Indrani and others), but almost no similarity exists between the Saptamatrikas and the Satbibis. The collective worship of seven goddesses is even evidenced in prehistoric India by a terracotta seal found at Mohenjodaro, a major urban centre of the Indus Valley Civilisation located in Sindh, which depicts the image of seven women standing together.

Mohenjo-daro
Mohenjo-daro (/moʊˌhɛndʒoʊ ˈdɑːroʊ/; Sindhi: موهن جو دڙو‎, lit. 'Mound of the Dead Men'; Urdu: موئن جو دڑو [muˑənⁱ dʑoˑ d̪əɽoˑ]) is an archaeological site in Larkana District, Sindh, Pakistan. Built c. 2500 BCE, it was one of the largest settlements of the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation, and one of the world's earliest major cities, contemporaneous with the civilisations of ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, Minoa, and Norte Chico.

With an estimated population of at least 40,000 people, Mohenjo-daro prospered for several centuries, but c. 1700 BCE had been abandoned, along with other large cities of the Indus Valley Civilisation.

The site was rediscovered in the 1920s. Significant excavation has since been conducted at the site of the city, which was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980, the first site in South Asia to be so designated. The site is currently threatened by erosion and improper restoration.
Minister for Immigration and Citizenship v SZMDS
Minister for Immigration and Citizenship v SZMDS, is a  landmark Australian judgment of the High Court.  The matter related to immigration law, jurisdictional error and illogicality as a ground of judicial review.

Immigration law
Immigration law includes the national statutes, regulations, and legal precedents governing immigration into and deportation from a country. Strictly speaking, it is distinct from other matters such as naturalization and citizenship, although they are sometimes conflated.  Countries frequently maintain laws that regulate both the rights of entry and exit as well as internal rights, such as the duration of stay, freedom of movement, and the right to participate in commerce or government.
Nina Klenovska
Nina Klenovska (Bulgarian: Нина Кленовска) (born May 7, 1980 in Bansko), previously Nina Kadeva (Bulgarian: Нина Кадева) is a Bulgarian biathlete.

Klenovska competed in the 2006 and 2010 Winter Olympics for Bulgaria. Her best performance was 48th in the 2010 individual. She also finished 54th in the 2006  individual and 62nd in the 2010 sprint.

As of February 2013, her best performance at the Biathlon World Championships is 6th, as part of the 2009 Finnish mixed relay team. Her best individual performance is 50th, in the individual races in 2003 and 2012.

As of February 2013, Klenovska has finished on the podium once in the Biathlon World Cup, as part of the Bulgarian women's relay team at Östersund in 2002/03. Her best individual result is 25th, in the sprint at Antholz in 2010/11. Her best overall finish in the Biathlon World Cup is 64th, in 2002/03.

Biathlon at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Women's sprint
The Women's 7.5 kilometre sprint biathlon competition of the Vancouver 2010 Olympics was held at Whistler Olympic Park in Whistler, British Columbia on 13 February 2010. This competition started at 1:00 PM PST.
Patrizia Laeri
Patrizia Laeri (born 9 May 1977) is a Swiss business journalist and program host.

From 2003 until June 2020 Laeri worked at Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) as TV-Host. Later, she was editor-in-chief for CNNMoney in Switzerland.

Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen
Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen ("Swiss Radio and Television"), shortened to SRF, is a subsidiary of the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (SRG SSR), operating in German-speaking Switzerland.

SRF was created on 1 January 2011 through the merger of radio company Schweizer Radio DRS (SR DRS) and television company Schweizer Fernsehen (SF), becoming the largest electronic media house of German-speaking Switzerland. About 2,150 employees work for SRF in the three main studios in Basel, Bern, and Zurich.
Timpa Lake
Timpa Lake is a small alpine lake in Elmore County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lake is accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 479 along Timpa Creek Creek.

Timpa Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries.  It is downstream of Chickadee Lake, Surprise Lake, Confusion Lake, and Low Pass Lake.

Sawtooth Wilderness
The Sawtooth Wilderness is a federally-protected wilderness area that covers 217,088 acres (87,852 ha) of the state of Idaho. Managed by the U.S. Forest Service in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it was designated the Sawtooth Primitive Area in 1937 to preserve the scenic beauty of the Sawtooth Mountains. On August 22, 1972 Public Law 92-400 designated the Primitive Area as the Sawtooth Wilderness and part of the newly created Sawtooth National Recreation Area. As part of the National Wilderness Preservation System, the Sawtooth Wilderness is an area where human development and use are restricted and people are to remain only visitors. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the Sawtooth Wilderness has some of the clearest air in the lower 48 states.
Rick Thorpe
Rick Thorpe is a Canadian politician. He was formerly a member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) of British Columbia, representing Okanagan-Penticton from 1996 to 2001, and Okanagan-Westside from 2001 to 2009. A caucus member of the British Columbia Liberal Party, he served in several cabinet posts under Premier Gordon Campbell.

Executive Council of British Columbia
The Executive Council of British Columbia (the Cabinet) is the Cabinet of the Canadian province of British Columbia. Almost always composed of members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, the Cabinet is similar in structure and role as the federal Cabinet of Canada is to the Canadian House of Commons.

Executive power is vested in the Crown: the lieutenant governor of British Columbia, as representative of the Crown, exercises executive power on the advice of the Cabinet as the lieutenant governor in Council. Members of the Cabinet are selected by the premier of British Columbia, who chairs the Cabinet.
Race Riot (film)
Race Riot is a 1929 animated short film which is presented by Carl Laemmle and was produced by Walter Lantz, who would go on to produce and create the cartoon character Woody Woodpecker with his wife, Gracie Lantz. The film, which both its story and animation was composed by Walter Lantz, 'Bill' Nolan and Tom Palmer, features Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, as he attempts to win a horse race with his horse.

The film was recorded with Western Electric apparatus, which was an early sound-on-film system. This sound system was used in another Oswald short film entitled Hurdy Gurdy, which involves Oswald being substituted as a street performer's dancer after the original one was comically swallowed up by Oswald's chewing gum, or more specifically, bubblegum. That film was released in the same year as this one, albeit later.

Race Riot was released by the film company Universal Pictures, and is part of the Universal series of Oswald short films. It entered the public domain on January 1, 2025.

Tom Palmer (animator)
Thomas Augustin Palmer (né Antonio Giuseppe Alfonso Pipolo; 30 June 1902 – 21 November 1972) was an Italian-American animator, cartoon director, and U.S. training film supervisor. He was active in the animation industry throughout the 1920s and 1930s and was best known for his animation work at Walt Disney Productions. He spent a good chunk of his later career directing training films for the United States Army.
Ōhama-class target ship
The Ōhama-class target ship (大濱型標的艦, Ōhama-gata hyōtekikan) was a bombing target ship class of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), serving during World War II. 5 vessels were planned under the Kai-Maru 5 Programme (Ship #5411–5415), however, only the lead ship Ōhama was completed.

Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme
The Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (改マル5計画, 戦備促進第二次実行計画, Kai-Maru 5 Keikaku, Senbi-Sokushin Dai-Ni-Ji Jikkō Keikaku) was one of the wartime armaments expansion plans of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN).
Streptomyces hyaluromycini
Streptomyces hyaluromycini is a Gram-positive bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from the tunicate Molgula manhattensis from the Tokyo Bay on Japan. This species produces hyaluromycin which is a Hyaluronidase inhibitor.

Molgula manhattensis
Molgula manhattensis, commonly known as "sea grapes", is a species of ascidian commonly found along the East Coast and Gulf Coast region of the United States. Although it is native to this region, it has been introduced to other areas of Europe, Australia, and the West Coast.
Kircubbin F.C.
Kircubbin Football Club, simply referred to as Kircubbin, are a Northern Irish football club based in Kircubbin, County Down, Northern Ireland. Kircubbin F.C. were founded in 1923, and they play in the Northern Amateur Football League. Kircubbin are a part of the County Antrim & District FA. The club play in the Irish Cup.

Kircubbin play their home games at Kircubbin Playing Fields. Their home colours are black and green.

County Antrim & District F.A.
The County Antrim & District Football Association (also known as the North East Ulster Football Association but more commonly as the County Antrim FA) is the largest of the four regional football associations within Northern Ireland and affiliated to the Irish FA, the others being the Mid-Ulster FA, the North-West of Ireland FA and the Fermanagh & Western FA.
Socialist United Party of Russia
The Socialist United Party of Russia (USPR or SEPR; Russian: Социалистическая единая партия России; СЕПР; Sotsialisticheskaya yedinaya partiya Rossii, SEPR) was a socialist political party in Russia established in 2003, that succeeded the Spiritual Heritage movement. In the 2003 legislative elections it was part of the Rodina coalition that won 9.2 percent of the vote and 37 of the 450 seats in the Duma. In 2007 the party merged into Just Russia.

Rodina (political party)
The All-Russian Political Party "Rodina" is a nationalist political party in Russia. It is a coalition of thirty nationalist groups that was established by Dmitry Rogozin, Sergey Glazyev, Sergey Baburin, Viktor Gerashchenko, Georgy Shpak, Valentin Varennikov and others in August 2003. The party's ideology combines "patriotism, nationalism, and a greater role for the government in the economy", and is described as pro-Kremlin. Its headquarters is located in Moscow.

In the 2003 legislative elections, Rodina won 9.02% of the vote and ended up with 37 of the 450 seats in the State Duma. In the 2016 elections, it won 1.51% of the vote and ended up with one seat. In the 2021 elections, it won 0.80% of the vote and ended up with one seat. The party supports President Vladimir Putin.
Gustavo Sáenz
Gustavo Adolfo Ruberto Sáenz Stiro (born 14 April 1969) is an Argentine politician who is currently governor of Salta Province, since 10 December 2019. Previously, from 2015 to 2019, he was intendente (mayor) of the City of Salta, and served from 2009 to 2013 as a member of the Provincial Senate representing the Capital Department.

Sáenz is the founder and leader of the Salta Identity Party (PAIS).

Intendant
An intendant (French: [ɛ̃tɑ̃dɑ̃] ⓘ; Portuguese: intendente [ĩtẽˈdẽtɨ]; Spanish: intendente [intenˈdente]) was, and sometimes still is, a public official, especially in France, Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. The intendancy system was a centralizing administrative system developed in France. In the War of the Spanish Succession of 1701 to 1714 the French royal House of Bourbon secured its hold on the throne of Spain; it extended a French-style intendancy system to Spain and Portugal - and subsequently worldwide through the Spanish Empire and Portuguese Empire. Regions were divided into districts, each administered by an intendant.
The title continues in use in Spain and in parts of Spanish America for particular government officials.
Su iyesi
In Turkic folklore, Su Iyesi (Tatar: Су Иясе or Tatar: Su İyäse; Chuvash: Шыв Ийӗ; Yakut: Уу Иччи; literally "water master") is a water spirit. It corresponds to the nymph in Turkic cultures. It is a disembodied, incorporeal, intangible entity, but can turn into a male as well as a female creature who is the daughter of Yer Tanrı. Sometimes the master of water is depicted in the form of a bull.

Khakas language
Khakas, also known as Xakas, is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Republic of Khakassia, in Russia. The Khakas number 61,000, of whom 29,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian.