hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bohemia at the Olympics
The Kingdom of Bohemia, an autonomous part of Austria-Hungary until 1918, competed at some of the early modern Olympic Games.  The team made its debut at the 1900 Summer Olympics.  After World War I, Bohemia became part of the new Czechoslovakia, and Bohemian athletes competed for Czechoslovakia at the Olympics.  After the 1992 Summer Olympics and the dissolution of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993, Bohemian athletes competed for the Czech Republic at the Olympics.  If these post-war appearances are counted, Bohemia has missed only three Olympics: the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics, the 1904 Summer Olympics (the first held outside Europe) and as Czechoslovakia, the 1984 Summer Olympics which were boycotted by the USSR and its satellites.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Laia Estrada
Laia Estrada Cañón (born 19 September 1982) is a Catalan teacher, writer and politician. She has a degree in Environmental Sciences from the University of Girona and a master's degree in Territorial and Population Studies at the Autonomous University of Barcelona.

She has participated in feminist movements, in defence of public health, she is part of the public health defence group in Tarragona, and for the right to housing. She was a councilor in the Tarragona City Council for the Popular Unity Candidacy from 2015 until March 2021. She headed, with Edgar Fernández, the list of the CUP in the constituency of Tarragona in the elections to the Parliament of Catalonia in 2021, being elected.

Right to housing
The right to housing (occasionally right to shelter) is the economic, social and cultural right to adequate housing and shelter. It is recognized in some national constitutions and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The right to housing is regarded as a freestanding right in the International human rights law which was clearly in the 1991 General Comment on Adequate Housing by the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The aspect of the right to housing under ICESCR include: availability of services, infrastructure, material and facilities; legal security of tenure; habitability; accessibility; affordability; location and cultural adequacy.

The UN Human Settlement Programme is known as UN-HABITAT.

At least 84 states make an explicit reference to housing rights in their constitutions.
Tomb of Paweł Holszański
The Tomb of Paweł Holszański is a Renaissance sculptural effigy of the Bishop of Vilnius Paweł Holszański (died 1555), located in Vilnius Cathedral. It was created in the workshop of Gian Maria Padovano approximately around 1550.

Giovanni Maria Mosca
Giovanni Maria Mosca or Giovanni Padovano (1495/99 – after 1573) was an Italian Renaissance sculptor and medallist, active between 1515 and 1573, initially in the Veneto and after 1529 in Poland, where his first name was rendered Jan.
Leptotes brevidentatus
Leptotes brevidentatus, the short-toothed blue or Tite's zebra blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Africa south of the Sahara and south-western Arabia.

The wingspan is 22–29 mm for males and 26–30 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round in warmer areas and from October to March in cooler areas.

The larvae feed on flowers and immature seeds of Plumbago auriculata and probably also Indigofera, Rhynchosia, Vigna, Burkea, Mundulea, Melilotus, Crataegus and Medicago sativa.

Alfalfa
Alfalfa (/ælˈfælfə/; in North America), lucerne (in the United Kingdom, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand), Medicago sativa is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around the world and is used for grazing, hay, and silage, as well as a green manure and cover crop. It has also been cultivated as livestock fodder since at least the era of the ancient Greeks and Romans. Alfalfa has clusters of small purple flowers followed by fruits spiraled in two to three turns containing 10–20 seeds. It is native to warmer temperate climates.
Meyersdale, Pennsylvania
Meyersdale is a borough in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States, situated on the Casselman River, 73 miles (117 km) southeast of Pittsburgh. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, Meyersdale had a population of 2,070.

In the past, Meyersdale's chief industry was the mining of coal.

Meyersdale is located along the Great Allegheny Passage, a multi-use recreational rail trail.

The Pennsylvania Maple Festival has taken place each spring in Meyersdale since 1948. Consequently, Meyersdale is known as the Maple City.

Meyersdale is home to the Somerset County Fair.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Helge Stalsberg
Helge Stalsberg (born 7 October 1932) was a Norwegian physician.

He was born in Oslo. He was chief physician of the University Hospital of North Norway, and professor of morphology at the University of Tromsø from 1972. He served as rector from 1981 to 1985. He has also been a consultant for the World Health Organization.

University Hospital of North Norway
The University Hospital of North Norway (Norwegian: Universitetssykehuset Nord-Norge) or UNN is a hospital and health trust.

UNN is a university hospital for the region  which includes the counties of Nordland, Troms and Finnmark. It is part of the Northern Norway Regional Health Authority (Norwegian: Helse Nord). Its service area has  a combined population of 465,000. Patient treatment and diagnostic investigation as well as  training and research takes place at eleven clinics. The hospital system provides local hospital services to the 110,000 inhabitants of the Tromsø area, as well as the inhabitants of southern Troms  and northern Nordland from facilities located in Harstad, Longyearbyen and Narvik.

UNN also serves the regional Emergency Medical Communication Center (Akuttmedisinsk kommunikasjonssentral) and operates a number of ambulance stations in Nordland and Troms.
Triptych Inspired by T.S. Eliot's Poem "Sweeney Agonistes"
Triptych Inspired by T.S. Eliot's Poem "Sweeney Agonistes" (CR 67-16) is a 1967 oil-on-canvas triptych by British painter and artist Francis Bacon.  The subtitle, referring to the poem "Sweeney Agonistes" by T. S. Eliot, was added by Bacon's gallerist Valerie Beston at Marlborough Fine Art and was not liked by Bacon; more recent catalogues simply refer to the Triptych of 1967.

The work was acquired by Joseph H. Hirshhorn in 1972, and it was donated that year to become part of the collection of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, in Washington, D.C.

Sweeney Agonistes
Sweeney Agonistes by T. S. Eliot was his first attempt at writing a verse drama although he was unable to complete the piece. In 1926 and 1927 he separately published two scenes from this attempt and then collected them in 1932 in a small book under the title Sweeney Agonistes: Fragments of an Aristophanic Melodrama. The scenes are frequently performed together as a one-act play. Sweeney Agonistes is currently available in print in Eliot's Collected Poems: 1909–1962 listed under his "Unfinished Poems" with the "Fragments of an Aristophanic Melodrama" part of the play's original title removed. The scenes are separately titled "Fragment of a Prologue" and "Fragment of an Agon".
Isla Espíritu Santo
Isla Espíritu Santo is an uninhabited island in the Gulf of California, off the Mexican state of Baja California Sur.  It is separated from Isla Partida by a narrow canal.

Together, the islands are part of La Paz Municipality and are both a short boat trip from La Paz on the Baja California Peninsula.

There was human presence of the island already about 9,000 years ago.

Baja California peninsula
The Baja California peninsula (Spanish: Península de Baja California, lit. 'Lower California peninsula') is a peninsula in northwestern Mexico. It separates the Gulf of California from the Pacific Ocean. The peninsula extends from Mexicali, Baja California, in the north to Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, in the south.

With a length of 1,247 km (775 miles), its width ranges from 40 km (25 miles) at its narrowest to 320 km (200 miles) at its widest point and has approximately 3,000 km (1,900 miles) of coastline and approximately 65 islands. The total area of the Baja California peninsula is 143,390 km2 (55,360 sq mi).

The peninsula is separated from mainland Mexico by the Gulf of California and the Colorado River. There are four main desert areas on the peninsula: the San Felipe Desert, the Central Coast Desert, the Vizcaíno Desert, and the Magdalena Plain Desert.
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University
Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University (Turkish: Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi) (Formerly known as "Nigde University" until 2016) is a public higher educational institution located in Niğde, Central Anatolia in Turkey. It has six faculties, two institutes, two colleges and six vocational colleges. The university campus is situated 6 km (3.7 mi) southwest of Niğde.

The university was renamed in honor of Sgt. Maj. Ömer Halisdemir (1974–2016), a non-commissioned officer, who was killed on duty in the night of 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt, right after he shot dead a pro-coup general and prevented so the coupists capture the headquarters of the Special Forces Command in Ankara. He is remembered as a major contributor to the failure of the coup attempt. He was a native of Çukurkuyu town in Bor, Niğde.

Special Forces Command (Turkey)
The Special Forces Command (Turkish: Özel Kuvvetler Komutanlığı—ÖKK) is a corps of the Turkish Armed Forces, initially established as a brigade in 14 April 1992, operating directly under the Turkish General Staff. According to the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) dress code, the ÖKK, also known as the Bordo Bereliler, are noteworthy for their distinctive maroon berets. Their task is to carry out special operations that exceed the capabilities of other military units.
Assad al Zubi
Asaad al Zoubi (Arabic: أسعد الزعبي; born 1956) is a Syrian rebel leader and former military officer who serves as the head of the Southern Front, a coalition of rebel groups operating in southern Syria up until the 2024 fall of the Assad regime. Before his defection in 2011, he served in the Syrian Air Force and was the head of the air force branch of the Supreme Syrian Military Academy.

He joined Syria's air force academy in 1974, graduating in 1977 with the rank of lieutenant and then rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general.

In January 2016, al-Zoubi was named Head of the opposition delegation team to the 3rd Geneva conference on the future of Syria.

He also worked as a military consultant in Yemen for more than two years.

Geneva peace talks on Syria (2016)
The Geneva peace talks on Syria, also known as Geneva III, were intended peace negotiations between the Syrian government and opposition in Geneva under the auspices of the UN. Although formally started on 1 February 2016, they were formally suspended only two days later, on 3 February 2016.

The talks, prepared by the International Syria Support Group (ISSG), were intended to resolve the Syrian Civil War.
Handball at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games
The Handball competition at the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games was held in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

The men's tournament was scheduled to be held from 25–30 July, the women's tournament was scheduled to be held from 18–25 July at the Palacio de Recreación y Deportes, the El Mani Pavilion in El Mani; all in Mayagüez.

Palacio de Recreación y Deportes
The Palacio de Recreación y Deportes German Wilkins Vélez Ramírez is a coliseum located in the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. It has capacity for 5,500 spectators. It was remodeled in preparation for the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games. In March 2008, José Guillermo Rodríguez, mayor of the city, announced in a concert given by Wilkins that after the Central American and Caribbean Games the arena would have the name of Germán Wilkins Vélez Ramírez, commonly known as "Wilkins". Wilkins inaugurated the arena (not the actual coliseum) with a concert 20 years before. The arena also has an acoustic conch outside, it bears the name of another Mayagüez native Frankie Ruiz.

The arena is also the home of Baloncesto Superior Nacional professional basketball team, Indios de Mayagüez since 1981. Also the professional volleyball team Indias de Mayagüez from Liga de Voleibol Superior Femenino, plays at the arena. It is located across the street of the Parque de los Próceres.
Schoolgirl Apocalypse
Schoolgirl Apocalypse (セーラー服黙示録, Sērā-fuku mokushiroku; "Sailor suit Apocalypse") is a 2011 Japanese zombie film written and directed by John Cairns, as his first feature film. The film screened at Bucheon International Fantastic Film Festival and the Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan in 2011 and the Fantasia Film Festival in Montreal in 2012.

Rino Higa
Rino Higa (比嘉 梨乃 (Higa Rino); born 11 May 1992) is a Japanese actress and television personality from Okinawa. She debuted in 2009 under the stage name **Higarino** and later resumed using her real name for acting work. Higa is represented by Revive Inc. and has appeared in films including Schoolgirl Apocalypse (2011), Life Is Dead (2012), and Bon to Linchan (2014). She starred in the award-winning short film Toshie the Nihilist (2021) and the Okinawan historical drama Amawari — THE LAST HERO (2024). In 2025, she announced her marriage to comedian Yukio Ueno of the duo Dennis.
Colfax at Auraria station
Colfax at Auraria station is a light rail station in Denver, Colorado, United States. It is served by the D and H Lines, operated by the Regional Transportation District (RTD), and was opened on October 8, 1994. It serves the eastern side of the Auraria academic campus, home to Metropolitan State College of Denver, the Community College of Denver, and the University of Colorado Denver.

In 2008, the station was remodeled to enable the platforms to accommodate four-car trains.

D Line (RTD)
The D Line is a light rail line which is part of the rail system operated by the Regional Transportation District in the Denver–Aurora Metropolitan Area in Colorado. The D line was the first line in the system when it opened in 1994, traveling from 30th & Downing in Five Points, through downtown Denver, and terminating at I-25 & Broadway as the Central Corridor. It was extended along the Southwest Corridor in July 2000. Because it was the first and only line in the system, it had no letter or color designation until the Central Platte Valley Spur opened on April 5, 2002, although, on maps, it was designated as Route 101.
Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols
Taiwanese Phonetic Symbols (Chinese: 臺語方音符號; TPS: ㄉㄞˊ ㆣ丨ˋ ㄏㆲ 丨ㆬ ㄏㄨˊ ㄏㄜ˫) constitute a system of phonetic notation for the transcription of Taiwanese languages, especially Taiwanese Hokkien. The system was designed by Professor Chu Chao-hsiang, a member of the National Languages Committee in Taiwan, in 1946. The system is derived from Mandarin Phonetic Symbols by creating additional symbols for the sounds that do not appear in Mandarin phonology. It is one of the phonetic notation systems officially promoted by Taiwan's Ministry of Education.

Phonetic transcription
Phonetic transcription (also known as phonetic alphabet, phonetic script or phonetic notation) is the visual representation of speech sounds (or phonetics) by means of symbols. The most common type of phonetic transcription uses a phonetic alphabet, such as the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Akademie der Künste der DDR
The Akademie der Künste der DDR was the central art academy of the German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR). It existed under different names from 1950 to 1993. Then it merged with the "Akademie der Künste Berlin (West)" to become the Academy of Arts, Berlin.

Hanns Eisler
Hanns Eisler (6 July 1898 – 6 September 1962) was a German-Austrian composer. He is best known for composing the national anthem of East Germany, for his long artistic association with Bertolt Brecht, and for the scores he wrote for films. The Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler Berlin is named after him.
Chenghai Lake
Chenghai Lake (Chinese: 程海; pinyin: Chénghaǐ) is a mesotrophic plateau lake in Yunnan Province, China. The lake has a total area of about 77.22 square kilometres (29.81 sq mi). The average depth is 25.7 metres (84 ft), with an elevation of 1,503 metres (4,931 ft). the water storage capacity is about 19.87×108m3 (i.e about 2 billion m³ or 2 km³). Chenghai Lake is one of only three lakes in the world where Spirulina is found naturally.

Spirulina (dietary supplement)
Spirulina is the dried biomass of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) that can be consumed by humans and animals. The three species are Arthrospira platensis, A. fusiformis, and A. maxima.

Cultivated worldwide, "spirulina" is used as a dietary supplement or whole food. It is also used as a feed supplement in the aquaculture, aquarium, and poultry industries.
Integral length scale
The integral length scale measures the correlation distance of a process in terms of space or time.
In essence, it looks at the overall memory of the process and how it is influenced by previous positions and parameters. An intuitive example would be the case in which you have very low Reynolds number flows (e.g., a Stokes flow), where the flow is fully reversible and thus fully correlated with previous particle positions. This concept may be extended to turbulence, where it may be thought of as the time during which a particle is influenced by its previous position.

The mathematical expressions for integral scales are:

Where  is the integral time scale, L is the integral length scale, and  and  are the autocorrelation with respect to time and space respectively.

In isotropic homogeneous turbulence, the integral length scale  is defined as the weighted average of the inverse wavenumber, i.e.,

where  is the energy spectrum.

Parameter
A parameter (from Ancient Greek  παρά (pará) 'beside, subsidiary' and  μέτρον (métron) 'measure'), generally, is any characteristic that can help in defining or classifying a particular system (meaning an event, project, object, situation, etc.). That is, a parameter is an element of a system that is useful, or critical, when identifying the system, or when evaluating its performance, status, condition, etc.

Parameter has more specific meanings within various disciplines, including mathematics, computer programming, engineering, statistics, logic, linguistics, and electronic musical composition.

In addition to its technical uses, there are also extended uses, especially in non-scientific contexts, where it is used to mean defining characteristics or boundaries, as in the phrases 'test parameters' or 'game play parameters'.
Whitney Forum
The Whitney Forum is an ice hockey arena located in Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada. It is home to the Flin Flon Bombers of the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League.

The Whitney Forum opened in 1958 and has seating capacity for 1,650 spectators. Like many arenas built during that era, the dimensions of its ice surface, at 187 by 80 feet, are smaller than regulation.  Over the years, the arena has undergone many renovations, including additions of new dressing rooms, ice plant upgrades, new rink boards, and structural upgrades.

The Whitney Forum was the host venue for the 2001 Royal Bank Cup.

Flin Flon
Flin Flon (pop. 5,185 in 2016 census; 4,982 in Manitoba and 203 in Saskatchewan) is a mining city, located on a correction line on the border of the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, with the majority of the city located within Manitoba. Residents thus travel southwest into Saskatchewan, and northeast into Manitoba. The city is incorporated in, and is jointly administered by, both provinces.
2015 World Taekwondo Championships – Men's bantamweight
The men's bantamweight is a competition featured at the 2015 World Taekwondo Championships, and was held at the Traktor Ice Arena in Chelyabinsk, Russia on May 17 and 18. Bantamweights were limited to a maximum of 63 kilograms in body mass.

Traktor Ice Arena
Traktor Ice Arena named after Valery Konsantinovich Belousov (Russian: Ледо́вая аре́на «Тра́ктор» имени Валерия Константиновича Белоусова, romanized: Ledóvaya aréna «Tráktor» imeni Valeriya Konstantinovicha Belousova), commonly shortened to Traktor Ice Arena, is an indoor sporting arena located in Chelyabinsk, Russia.

It is used for various indoor events and is the home arena of Traktor Chelyabinsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) and Belye Medvedi  of Junior Hockey League (MHL). The capacity of the arena is 7,500 spectators. In 2009, it replaced Yunost Sport Palace as the home of Traktor. The arena is named after former Traktor head coach Valery Belousov.
Marko Neloski
Marko Neloski (Macedonian: Марко Нелоски) (born 06 June 1996) is a retired Macedonian handball player.

He participated at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship, as well as at the 2017 Men's Junior World Handball Championship.

2017 Men's Junior World Handball Championship
The 2017 IHF Men's Junior World Championship was the 21st edition of the tournament, held in Algiers, Algeria from 18 to 30 July 2017. It was the first time that Algeria staged the competition, and the third time that it was held in Africa.

Spain won their first title by defeating Denmark 39–38 in the final. France captured the bronze medal after they beat Germany 23–22.
18yoman
Vincent Goodyer, known professionally as 18yoman (stylized in 18YOMAN), is an Australian singer, songwriter, and record producer based in Sydney. He is an ARIA Award recipient and co-produced Lil Nas X's album Montero (2021), which received a Grammy Award nomination for Album of the Year.

Grammy Award for Album of the Year
The Grammy Award for Album of the Year is an award presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without regard to album sales, chart position, or critical reception." Album of the Year is the most prestigious category at the Grammy Awards and is one of the general field categories that have been presented annually since the 1st Annual Grammy Awards in 1959 alongside Best New Artist, Record of the Year, and Song of the Year.