hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SAMV (algorithm)
SAMV (iterative sparse asymptotic minimum variance) is a parameter-free superresolution algorithm for the linear inverse problem in spectral estimation, direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and tomographic reconstruction with applications in signal processing, medical imaging and remote sensing. The name was coined in 2013 to emphasize its basis on the asymptotically minimum variance (AMV) criterion. It is a powerful tool for the recovery of both the amplitude and frequency characteristics of multiple highly correlated sources in challenging environments (e.g., limited number of snapshots and low signal-to-noise ratio). Applications include synthetic-aperture radar, computed tomography scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Correlation coefficient
A correlation coefficient is a numerical measure of some type of linear correlation, meaning a linear function between two variables. The variables may be two columns of a given data set of observations, often called a sample, or two components of a multivariate random variable with a known distribution.

Several types of correlation coefficient exist, each with their own definition and own range of usability and characteristics. They all assume values in the range from −1 to +1, where ±1 indicates the strongest possible correlation and 0 indicates no correlation. As tools of analysis, correlation coefficients present certain problems, including the propensity of some types to be distorted by outliers and the possibility of incorrectly being used to infer a causal relationship between the variables (for more, see Correlation does not imply causation).
Anacleto de Oliveira
Anacleto Cordeiro Gonçalves de Oliveira (17 July 1946 – 18 September 2020) was a Portuguese Roman Catholic bishop.

Gonçalves de Oliveira was born in Portugal and was ordained to the priesthood in 1970. He served as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lisbon, Portugal, from 2005 to 2010. He then served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Viana do Castelo, Portugal, from 2010 until his death in 2020 in a traffic accident.

Diocese of Viana do Castelo
The Diocese of Viana do Castelo (Latin: Dioecesis Vianensis Castelli), is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the Norte Region of Portugal. It has existed since 1977. It is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Braga, with its see at Viana do Castelo.

The current bishop is João Evangelista Pimentel Lavrador.
Breiðablik (men's basketball)
The Breiðabliks men's basketball team, commonly known as Breiðablik, is the men's basketball department of the Breiðablik multi-sport club. It is based in Kópavogur, Iceland.

Breiðablik also has a men's reserve team that plays in the amateur level Icelandic 4th-tier 3. deild karla, called Breiðablik-b.

Kópavogur
Kópavogur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰouːpaˌvɔːɣʏr̥] ⓘ) is a town in Iceland that is the country's second-largest municipality by population.

It lies immediately south of Reykjavík and is part of the Capital Region. The name literally means seal pup inlet. The town seal contains the profile of the church Kópavogskirkja with a seal pup underneath.

Kópavogur is largely made up of residential areas, but has commercial areas and much industrial activity as well. The tallest building in Iceland, the Smáratorg Tower, is located in central Kópavogur.
The Glass Ghost
The Glass Ghost is the third extended play from British singer-songwriter Phildel. It was released on March 4, 2013 through Decca Records. The EP is a slight shift in sound from her first album, The Disappearance of the Girl, focusing on the incorporation of glassy, crystalline soundscapes and stripping back the use of beats.

Phildel
Phildel Hoi Yee Ng, better known mononymously as Phildel, is an English singer, pianist and songwriter from London. Her name is a composite of her Chinese father and Irish mother's names (Philip and Della).
Castle of Montemor-o-Novo
The Castle of Montemor-o-Novo (Portuguese: Castelo de Montemor-o-Novo) is a Portuguese castle in the parish of Nossa Senhora da Vila, Nossa Senhora do Bispo e Silveiras, municipality of Montemor-o-Novo, district of Évora. The castle was built on the site of a possible Roman fort, which was probably destroyed during an invasion by the Almohad Caliphate. In 1203 Montemor-o-Novo was granted a charter so this is likely the time period when the castle was built, and then in 1310 Denis of Portugal further fortified the castle as did the mayor João de Bragança during the 14th century. It is classified as a National Monument since 1951.

Districts of Portugal
The districts (Portuguese: distritos) are the most important first-level administrative subdivisions of continental Portugal. Currently, mainland Portugal is divided into 18 districts.

As an administrative division, each district serves mainly as the area of jurisdiction of a civil governor, who acts as the local delegate of the Central Government of Portugal.
GIEKSA Arena
GIEKSA Arena is a multi-purpose stadium in Bełchatów, Poland. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of GKS Bełchatów. The stadium has a capacity of 5,264 people. It was built in 1977 and renovated in 2001–2009.

For 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons, the stadium was a home for the Ekstraklasa's and Polish Cup's Raków Częstochowa games.
For 2021–22 and 2022-23 seasons, the stadium was a home for the I liga's and Polish Cup's Skra Częstochowa games.

Raków Częstochowa
Robotniczy Klub Sportowy Raków Częstochowa Spółka Akcyjna (commonly referred to as Raków Częstochowa, or simply Raków) is a Polish professional football club, based in Częstochowa, that competes in the Ekstraklasa, the top tier of national football league system.
Salah Benlabed
Salah Benlabed (born 1950) is an Algerian architect, academic, novelist and poet. Formerly a professor of architecture at the University of Algiers, he has been based in Montreal for more than a decade. He has designed numerous architectural projects in both Algeria and Quebec, including the CCE towers in downtown Montreal.

University of Algiers 1
The University of Algiers 1 (Arabic: جامعة الجزائر), commonly called Benyoucef Benkhedda, is a public research university based in Algiers, Algeria. Founded in 1909 from the amalgamation of different French colonial educational institutions, it has become the oldest and most prestigious university in the country.
Val Joe Walker
Val Joe Walker (January 7, 1930 –January 23, 2013) was an American professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the SMU Mustangs. He was selected by the New York Giants in the seventh round of the 1952 NFL draft, and would later play four seasons with the Green Bay Packers and one with the San Francisco 49ers.

Walker was also a two-time All-American hurdler for the SMU Mustangs track and field team, finishing 3rd in the 110 m hurdles at the 1952 NCAA track and field championships.

1952 NCAA track and field championships
The 1952 NCAA Track and Field Championships were contested at the 31st annual NCAA-hosted track meet to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate track and field events in the United States. This year's meet was hosted by the University of California at Edwards Stadium in Berkeley.

USC won their fourth consecutive team national championship, netting the 16th team title in program history.
Richmond–San Rafael Ferry Company
The Richmond–San Rafael Ferry Company (originally Richmond–San Rafael Ferry and Transportation Company) was a ferry service between Castro Point in Richmond in Contra Costa County and San Quentin in Marin County, California across the San Pablo Bay. It ran from 1915 until the 1956 opening of the Richmond–San Rafael Bridge.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
12th Alberta Legislature
The 12th Alberta Legislative Assembly was in session from February 19, 1953, to May 12, 1955, with the membership of the assembly determined by the results of the 1952 Alberta general election held on August 5, 1952. The Legislature officially resumed on February 19, 1953, and continued until the third session was prorogued and dissolved on May 12, 1955, prior to the 1955 Alberta general election.

Alberta's twelfth government was controlled by the majority Social Credit Party for the fifth time, led by Premier Ernest Manning who would go on to be the longest serving Premier in Alberta history. The Official Opposition was led by James Harper Prowse a member of the Alberta Liberal Party. The Speaker was Peter Dawson who would serve until his death during the 15th legislature on March 24, 1963.

Alberta Liberal Party
53°32′40″N 113°32′08″W﻿ / ﻿53.5445°N 113.5356°W﻿ / 53.5445; -113.5356

The Alberta Liberal Party (French: Parti libéral de l'Alberta) is a provincial political party in Alberta, Canada. Founded in 1905, it is the oldest active political party in Alberta and was the dominant political party until the 1921 election, with the first three provincial Premiers being Liberals.  Since 1921, it has formed the official opposition in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta several times, most recently from 1993 until 2012. Fourteen Liberals have served as Leader of the Opposition of Alberta.

The party was affiliated with the Liberal Party of Canada until 1976.
Las Brujas Airport (Chile)
Las Brujas Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Las Brujas, (ICAO: SCXB)) is an airport serving Salamanca, a town in the Coquimbo Region of Chile.

The airport is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Salamanca, along the banks of the Choapa River. There is mountainous terrain in all quadrants.

Coquimbo Region
The Coquimbo Region (Spanish: Región de Coquimbo, pronounced [koˈkimbo]) is one of Chile's 16 administrative regions. It is located approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) north of the national capital, Santiago. The region is bordered by the Atacama Region to the north, the Valparaíso Region to the south, Argentina to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

The capital and largest city is La Serena. Other significant cities include Coquimbo, a major seaport, and Ovalle, a center for agriculture.
Comets (anthology)
Comets is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by Isaac Asimov, Martin H. Greenberg and Charles G. Waugh as the fourth volume in their Isaac Asimov's Wonderful Worlds of Science Fiction series. It was first published in paperback by Signet/New American Library in February 1986.

The book collects twenty novelettes and short stories by various science fiction authors, together with an introduction by Asimov.

New American Library
The New American Library (also known as NAL) is an American publisher based in New York, founded in 1948. Its initial focus was affordable paperback reprints of classics and scholarly works as well as popular and pulp fiction, but it now publishes trade and hardcover titles. It is currently an imprint of Penguin Random House; it was announced in 2015 that the imprint would publish only nonfiction titles.
Acetoacetate—CoA ligase
In enzymology, an acetoacetate—CoA ligase (EC 6.2.1.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + acetoacetate + CoA  AMP + diphosphate + acetoacetyl-CoA

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, acetoacetate, and CoA, whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and acetoacetyl-CoA.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-sulfur bonds as acid-thiol ligases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming). This enzyme is also called acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase.  This enzyme participates in butanoate metabolism.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.
Coleophora stuposa
Coleophora stuposa is a moth of the family Coleophoridae that can be found in Turkestan and Uzbekistan.

The wingspan is 10.5–12.5 millimetres (0.41–0.49 in).

The larvae feed on Salsola gemmascens. Larvae can be found from September to October.

Coleophoridae
The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.
Joseph Zimmermann (engineer)
Joseph Zimmermann (1912 – March 31, 2004) was an engineer, born in Kenosha, Wisconsin who invented the first answering machine, called the "Electronic Secretary". Zimmermann graduated from Marquette University in 1935 with a degree in electrical engineering. He served in the U.S. Army Signal Corps during World War II and was among the first soldiers to land on Omaha Beach in Normandy, France, as part of the D-Day invasion. In addition to the patent on the telephone answering machine (1948), Zimmermann held dozens of other patents, including a security device that automatically dials a phone number and conveys information in case of an emergency; a magnetic recorder used to monitor heart patients; a system for accessing prerecorded lectures to earn college credit; an airport system to send out landing information to planes 24 hours a day. Zimmermann and his wife, Helen, had a son, Joseph.

Answering machine
An answering machine, answerphone, or message machine, also known as telephone messaging machine (or TAM) in the UK and some Commonwealth countries, ansaphone or ansafone (from a trade name), or telephone answering device (TAD), is used for answering telephone calls and recording callers' messages.

When a telephone rings a set number of times predetermined by the call's recipient the answering machine will activate and play either a generic announcement or a customized greeting created by the recipient. Unlike voicemail, an answering machine is placed at the user's premises alongside—or incorporated within—the user's landline telephone, and unlike operator messaging, the caller does not talk to a human. As landlines become less important due to the shift to cell phone technology, and as unified communications evolve, the installed base of TADs is shrinking.
Operator algebra
In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, an operator algebra is an algebra of continuous linear operators on a topological vector space, with the multiplication given by the composition of mappings.

The results obtained in the study of operator algebras are often phrased in algebraic terms, while the techniques used are often highly analytic.  Although the study of operator algebras is usually classified as a branch of functional analysis, it has direct applications to representation theory, differential geometry, quantum statistical mechanics, quantum information, and quantum field theory.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Isoka (constituency)
Isoka is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia. It covers the towns of Chisato, Isoka, Mpangala and Papote in Isoka District of Muchinga Province.

Known as Isoka West from 1983, the constituency was renamed Isoka in 2011.

National Assembly of Zambia
The National Assembly is Zambia's unicameral legislative body. Between 1972 and 1990, Zambia was a one-party state with the United National Independence Party (UNIP) as the sole legal party.

The current National Assembly, formed following elections held in 2021, has a total of 166 members. 156 members are directly elected in single-member constituencies using the simple plurality (or first-past-the-post) system. Eight additional seats are filled through presidential appointment. The Speaker, first deputy speaker and the Vice President are also granted a seat in the assembly.
Chestnut short-tailed bat
The chestnut short-tailed bat (Carollia castanea) is a bat species from South and Central America. The species is often confused with the Benkeith's short-tailed bat. It is a mainly frugivorous species that has been known to consume insects (its favorite food being piperaceae). To determine which pipers to forage on, it focuses on odour and then after proceeds to echolocate to determine position. It hunts between nightfall and midnight (females during the first half, males during the whole). Habitats include hollow trees, caves, cracks, abandoned mines, sewers, and house roofs. It does not decrease activity during full moons, only instances of turbulent weather like heavy rain. In an agricultural setting it has a higher resistance to habitat fragmentation compared to similar bat species.

Piperaceae
The Piperaceae (/ˌpɪpəˈreɪʃiː/), also known as the pepper family, are a large family of flowering plants. The group contains roughly 3,600 currently accepted species in five genera. The vast majority of species can be found within the two main genera: Piper (2,171 species) and Peperomia (over 1,000 species).

Members of the Piperaceae may be small trees, shrubs, or herbs. The distribution of this group is best described as pantropical.

The best-known species, Piper nigrum, yields most peppercorns that are used as spices, including black pepper, although its relatives in the family include many other spices. The family Piperaceae is unrelated to the family Solanaceae, which includes bell peppers and chili peppers, which are so named due to Europeans taking part in the Columbian exchange mistakenly believing the spicy fruits were a variety of the black pepper plant.
Jesse Prinz
Jesse J. Prinz is an American philosopher who is Distinguished Professor of philosophy and Director of the Committee for Interdisciplinary Science Studies at the CUNY Graduate Center.

Prinz works primarily in the philosophy of psychology and ethics and has authored several books and over 100 articles, addressing such topics as concepts, emotions, moral psychology, attention, consciousness and aesthetics.  Much of his work in these areas has been a defense of empiricism against psychological nativism, and he situates his work as in the naturalistic tradition of philosophy associated with David Hume.  Prinz is also an advocate of experimental philosophy.

Philosophy of psychology
Philosophy of psychology is concerned with the history and foundations of psychology. It deals with both epistemological and ontological issues and shares interests with other fields, including philosophy of mind and theoretical psychology. Philosophical and theoretical psychology are intimately tied and are therefore sometimes used interchangeably or used together. However, philosophy of psychology relies more on debates general to philosophy and on philosophical methods, whereas theoretical psychology draws on multiple areas.
Andrea Haberlaß
Andrea Haberlaß  (born 26 January 1964) is a German women's international footballer who plays as a defender. She is a member of the Germany women's national football team. She was part of the team at the 1989 European Competition for Women's Football.

1989 European Competition for Women's Football
The 1989 European Competition for Women's Football took place in West Germany. It was won by the hosts in a final against defending champions Norway. Again, the competition began with four qualifying groups, but this time the top two countries qualified for a home-and-away quarter final, before the four winners entered the semi-finals in the host nation.
John Cummings (Massachusetts banker)
John Cummings (October 19, 1812 – December 21, 1898) served as the president of Shawmut Bank for 30 years, from 1868 until 1898.  Owner of a farm and tannery in Woburn, Massachusetts, John Cummings also served in both the Massachusetts House of Representatives and Massachusetts Senate. He ran for Congress, unsuccessfully, in 1876.

Shawmut
Shawmut, according to 19th-century scholarship, is a term derived from the Algonquian word Mashauwomuk referring to the region of present-day Boston, Massachusetts.  It appears in a number of present-day placenames.
Franco Delli Colli
Franco Delli Colli (2 March 1929 – 22 April 2004) was an Italian cinematographer.

Born in Rome, he began to work in the late 1940s with his cousin Tonino Delli Colli as camera operator and assistant cinematographer, and worked with him to dozens of films, including Dino Risi's Poor, But Handsome, Pier Paolo Pasolini's Accattone and Mamma Roma and Luchino Visconti's The Leopard. In the early 1960s, Delli Colli started his career as cinematographer, working mainly in genre films; his credits include Pupi Avati's Balsamus and Zeder, Giulio Questi's Django Kill, Lamberto Bava's  Macabre and Sidney Salkow's The Last Man on Earth. In early nineties he retired from cinema to dedicate himself to design a right lighting to improve the appearance of the most famous and frequented places in Italian art cities.

Zeder
Zeder is a 1983 Italian horror film directed by Pupi Avati, starring Gabriele Lavia. The story is about a young novelist's discovery of the writings of a late scientist who had found a means of reviving the dead.
Odette Pavlova
Victoria "Odette" Pavlova (Russian: Одетте (Виктория) Павлова; born 25 April 1994)  is a Russian fashion model.

Odette Pavlova was born in Pskov, Pskov Oblast, but currently lives in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Victoria has a twin sister Lia (Yulia), who is also a top model.

She has appeared in editorials of Bon Magazine, Dazed, Heroine Magazine, i-D, Interview, LOVE, November Magazine, Numéro (French and Russian), Self Service, Vogue Germany, Vogue Italia, Vogue Japan, Vogue Spain, Vogue Paris, Vogue Russia and W Magazine.

Pskov
Pskov (Russian: Псков, IPA: [ˈpskof] ⓘ; see also names in other languages) is a city in northwestern Russia and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, located about 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: 193,082 (2021 census); 203,279 (2010 census); 202,780 (2002 census); 203,789 (1989 Soviet census).

Pskov is one of the oldest cities in Russia. During the Middle Ages, it served as the capital of the Pskov Republic and was a trading post of the Hanseatic League before it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Moscow and became an important border fortress in the Tsardom of Russia.