hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2016 Uri attack
The 2016 Uri attack was carried out on 18 September 2016 by four militants from Jaish-e-Mohammed against an Indian Army brigade headquarters near the town of Uri in the Indian Jammu and Kashmir. 19 Indian soldiers were killed in the attack, and 19–30 others were injured. It was reported by the BBC as having been "the deadliest attack on security forces in Kashmir in two decades".

Jaish-e-Mohammed, a Pakistan-based jihadist organization (designated as a terrorist organization by the India, Australia, the US, and UK among others, and proscribed by Pakistan in 2002), was involved in the planning and execution of the attack. At the time it was carried out, the Kashmir Valley was experiencing high levels of violent unrest.

Indian Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir
Indian Armed Forces in Jammu and Kashmir encompass the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force, tri-service units such as the Armed Forces Special Operations Division (AFSOD), and paramilitary organisations of the Central Armed Police Forces such as the Border Security Force, the Central Reserve Police Force, the Sashastra Seema Bal and the Indo-Tibetan Border Police. Each three wings of India's military have their special forces deployed in the region including Indian Army's Para SF, the Indian Navy MARCOS and the Indian Air Force's Garud Commando Force. Apart from this, there is the elite police anti-insurgency force in the region, the Special Operations Group, of the Jammu and Kashmir Police.
Amund
Amund (Old Norse: Agmundr), is a Norse masculine given name. It derives from the Old Norse Agmundr, meaning respectful protector.

Notable people with the name include:

Amund B. Larsen (1849–1928), Norwegian linguist

Amund Dietzel (1891–1974), Norwegian-American tattoo artist

Amund Helland (1846–1918), Norwegian geologist, politician and non-fiction writer

Amund Rydland (1888–1967), Norwegian actor and theatre director

Amund Rasmussen Skarholt (1892–1956), Norwegian politician

Amund Sjøbrend (born 1952), Norwegian speed skater

Amund Skiri (born 1978), Norwegian footballer

Amund Svensson (born 1978), Norwegian guitarist, The Kovenant

Lars Amund Vaage (born 1952), Norwegian author and playwright

Master Amund (Mäster Amund), Swedish 15th-century painter known for his paintings in Södra Råda Old Church

Amund Rydland
Amund Rydland (25 November 1888 – 16 February 1967) was a Norwegian stage and film actor and theatre director.

He was born in the village of Alversund in Lindaas Municipality in Søndre Bergenhus county (now part of Alver Municipality in Vestland county). He made his stage debut at Det Norske Teatret in 1913, and served as the theatre's director from 1916 to 1922. He was best known for his comedy characters.
Telstra Corporation Ltd v Desktop Marketing Systems Pty Ltd
Telstra Corporation Ltd v Desktop Marketing Systems Pty Ltd was a 2001–2002 case in the Federal Court of Australia in which Telstra successfully argued that its copyright had been infringed by the reproduction of data from the White and Yellow Pages telephone directories in CD-ROM format.

It was an important decision in copyright law of Australia until the High Court of Australia criticised it in IceTV Pty Ltd v Nine Network Australia Pty Ltd (2009). In 2010, the Federal Court ruled that copyright no longer subsisted in the White or Yellow Pages, effectively overturning the decision.

Telephone directory
A telephone directory, commonly called a telephone book, telephone address book, phonebook, or the white and yellow pages, is a listing of telephone subscribers in a geographical area or subscribers to services provided by the organization that publishes the directory. Its purpose is to allow the telephone number of a subscriber identified by name and address to be found.

The advent of the Internet, search engines, and smartphones in the 21st century greatly reduced the need for a paper phone book. Some communities, such as Seattle and San Francisco, sought to ban their unsolicited distribution as wasteful, unwanted and harmful to the environment.

The slogan "Let Your Fingers Do the Walking" refers to use of phone books.
Podkarpacka Kolej Aglomeracyjna
Podkarpacka Kolej Aglomeracyjna (Subcarpathian Agglomeration Railways) – regional railway system, connecting Rzeszów's residential areas with the Rzeszów Główny railway station, and providing rail connections to Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport, and the nearest towns: Strzyżów, Przeworsk, Dębica, and Kolbuszowa. The connections are operated by Polregio.

For the needs of PKA, railway line no. 626 connecting Rzeszów–Jasionka Airport with railway line no. 71 and several railway stops were built.

Podkarpacka Kolej Aglomeracyjna launched its services on January 1, 2021.

The network was established so that regional centres within Subcarpathian Voivodeship can be connected to the capital Rzeszów with all-day two-way frequent services, complementing Polregio services.

Kolbuszowa
Kolbuszowa [kɔlbuˈʂɔva] (Yiddish: קאלבאסאוו) is a small town in south-eastern Poland, with 88911 inhabitants (02.06.2009). 
Situated in the Sandomierz Forest in the Subcarpathian Voivodship, it is the capital of Kolbuszowa County. Kolbuszowa belongs to historic Lesser Poland, near its border with another historic region, Czerwień Cities/Red Ruthenia.
Zeem language
Zeem, or Chaari, is an endangered Chadic dialect cluster of Nigeria, whose speakers are shifting to Hausa. Dyarim is closely related.

The Zeem language is spoken in Toro LGA, Bauchi State. The Tulai and Danshe dialects are no longer spoken. It is also called Chaari, Dokshi, Dyarum, Kaiwari, Kaiyorawa, Lukshi, and Lushi.

Dyarim had been influenced by Beromic languages during a time when Beromic was more widespread.

Hausa language
Hausa (/ˈhaʊsə/; in Hausa: Harshen/Halshen Hausa listenⓘ /hawˈsa/; Ajami: هَرْشٜىٰن هَوْسَا‎) is a Chadic language spoken primarily by the Hausa people in Niger (where it is the sole official language, having replaced French in 2025) and in the northern parts of Nigeria, Ghana, Cameroon, Benin and Togo and the southern parts of Chad. It is also spoken by a significant minority in Ivory Coast and a small number of speakers in Sudan.

Hausa is a member of the Afroasiatic language family and is the most widely spoken language within the Chadic branch of that family. Hausa is tonal, using relative pitch both to distinguish words, and mark grammatical categories. Ethnologue estimated that it was spoken as a first language by some 58 million people and as a second language by another 36 million, bringing the total number of Hausa speakers to an estimated 94 million.

In Nigeria, the Hausa film industry is known as Kannywood.
Stephanie Barna
Stephanie Anne Barna is an American military officer, attorney, and civil servant. After Robert Wilkie's appointment as acting United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs by Donald Trump in 2018, Barna began performing the duties of Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness. She served as general counsel to the majority staff of the United States Senate Committee on Armed Services.

Barna is a Fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.

United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs
The United States secretary of veterans affairs is the head of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, the department concerned with veterans' benefits, health care, and national veterans' memorials and cemeteries. The secretary is a member of the Cabinet and second to last at seventeenth in the line of succession to the presidency (the position was last until the addition of the United States Department of Homeland Security in 2006). Until the appointment of David Shulkin in 2017, all appointees and acting appointees to the post were United States military veterans, but that is not a requirement to fill the position.

When the post of secretary is vacant, the deputy secretary or any other person designated by the president serves as acting secretary until the president nominates and the United States Senate confirms a new secretary.
Arma, Nepal
.Rukum Arma danda -is a village development committee in Western Rukum District in Karnali Province of western Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4022 people living in 720 individual households.

Western Rukum District
Western Rukum (Nepali: पश्चिमी रुकुम ) a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Musikot is the headquarter of the district.

Formally Western Rukum District was part of Rukum District, which divided into two districts Western Rukum and Eastern Rukum after the state's reconstruction of administrative divisions as of 20 September 2015.

The total area of Western Rukum District is 1,213.49 square kilometres (468.53 sq mi) and total population of this district as of 2011 Nepal census is 154,272 individuals.

Located in the western hill region, Western Rukum is a hill district with many valleys. It is bordered with five districts: Eastern Rukum and Rolpa district of Lumbini province on the east, Salyan district to the south, Jajarkot district on the west, and Dolpa district to the north.
Escape the Fate (album)
Escape the Fate is the third studio album by American rock band Escape the Fate. It was released worldwide on November 2, 2010. It is the band's first and only album released on DGC/Interscope following their departure from Epitaph Records. The album charted at No. 25 on the Billboard 200, No. 1 on the Hard Rock Albums chart, No. 14 on the Rock Albums charts, No. 13 on both the Alternative and Independent charts and No. 118 on the Digital Albums Chart in the US. Upon release, the album received generally positive reviews, and is Escape the Fate's highest-charting album to date.

DGC Records
DGC Records (an initialism for the David Geffen Company) was an American record label that operated as a division of Interscope Geffen A&M Records, which is owned by Universal Music Group.

In 1999, after the PolyGram merger into UMG which created the Interscope Geffen A&M unit, DGC was absorbed into Geffen Records, but was later revived in 2007 before being merged into Geffen again in September 2021 following eight years of inactivity.

The most famous group they signed was Nirvana.
1911 New Zealand general election
The 1911 New Zealand general election was held on Thursday, 7 and 14 December in the general electorates, and on Tuesday, 19 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 18th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 590,042 (83.5%) voters turned out to vote. In two seats (Eastern Maori and Gisborne) there was only one candidate (not one seat, as in Wilson).

Eastern Maori
Eastern Maori was one of New Zealand's four original parliamentary Māori electorates established in 1868, along with Northern Maori, Western Maori and Southern Maori. In 1996, with the introduction of MMP, the Maori electorates were updated, and Eastern Maori was replaced with the Te Tai Rawhiti and Te Puku O Te Whenua electorates.
James J. Bindon
James J. Bindon (April 6, 1884 – November 14 1938) was a businessman and politician in Newfoundland. He represented St. Mary's in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1928 to 1932 as a Liberal.

The son of John Bindon, he was born in Flatrock and was educated at St. Patrick's Hall. Bindon was employed by Royal Stores Ltd. in St. John's and Placentia. In 1909, he opened his own business in Placentia, later moving to St. John's. He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Newfoundland assembly in 1923 and 1924. Bindon served on the Executive Council as Minister of Finance and Customs in 1932.

He died in St. John's at the age of 54.

Flatrock, Newfoundland and Labrador
Flatrock is a town in Newfoundland and Labrador. The town had a population of 1,722 in the Canada 2021 Census.

Most of the people in Flatrock are of Irish descent. There are some families who are descended from the few Norwegian settlers who came to Flatrock in the 19th century. Irish heritage is still strong today and can be seen in such things as religion, folkways, music, and dialect/accent.
Hispaniolan pine forests
The Hispaniolan pine forests are a subtropical coniferous forest ecoregion found on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, which is shared by Haiti and the Dominican Republic. The ecoregion covers 11,600 km2 (4,500 sq mi), or about 15% of the island. It lies at elevations greater than 800 m (2,600 ft) in the mountains of Hispaniola, extending from the Cordillera Central of the Dominican Republic and into the Massif du Nord of Haiti. It is surrounded at lower elevations by the Hispaniolan moist forests and Hispaniolan dry forests ecoregions, which cover the remainder of the island.  Annual rainfall is 1,000–2,000 mm (39–79 in).

Cordillera Central, Dominican Republic
The Cordillera Central is the highest mountain range in the Dominican Republic and in all of the Caribbean, running through the center of the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles. It is connected to the Massif du Nord mountain range in neighboring Haiti.
Little Crooked Run
Little Crooked Run is a tributary of Tomhicken Creek in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.7 miles (2.7 km) long and flows through North Union Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.22 square miles (3.2 km2). The stream is considered to be a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery and Class A Wild Trout Waters. The main rock formations in the stream's watershed are the Mauch Chunk Formation and the Pottsville Formation and the main soil is the Hazleton soil.

Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
Schuylkill County (/ˈskuːlkɪl/, locally /-kəl/; Pennsylvania Dutch: Schulkill Kaundi) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 143,049. The county seat is Pottsville. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.

The county is part of the Pottsville micropolitan statistical area, and borders eight  counties: Berks and Lebanon counties to its south, Dauphin and Northumberland counties to its west, Columbia and Luzerne counties to its north, and Carbon and Lehigh counties to its east. The county is approximately 47 miles (76 km) west of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 97 miles (156 km) northwest of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.

The county was created on March 1, 1811, from parts of Berks and Northampton counties and named for the Schuylkill River, which originates in the county. On March 3, 1818, additional territory in its northeast was added from Columbia and Luzerne counties.
Uglovka
Uglovka (Russian: Угловка) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Uglovka, Novgorod Oblast, a work settlement in Okulovsky District of Novgorod Oblast

Rural localities

Uglovka, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Slobodskoy Rural Okrug of Uglichsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast

Uglichsky District
Uglichsky District  (Russian: У́гличский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,568 square kilometers (992 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Uglich (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 13,255 (2010 Census);  15,540 (2002 Census); 18,069 (1989 Soviet census).
Fan Lei (clarinetist)
Fàn Lei (Chinese: 范磊; born January 27, 1965) is a Chinese–American clarinetist, teacher, author, and entrepreneur. Fàn Lei has performed as a clarinet soloist and recitalist throughout the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia. He won first prize at the 1985 Chinese National Clarinet competition and was chosen to represent the People's Republic of China at the Toulon International Competition in France, where he also won honors. He has authored several books on clarinet technique and is currently a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, China and a visiting professor at Xi'an Conservatory of Music and Shenyang Conservatory of Music. He is the founder of the International Mozart Clarinet Competition and the International Wind and Percussion Music Festival.

Oberlin Conservatory of Music
The Oberlin Conservatory of Music is a private music conservatory of Oberlin College, a private liberal arts college in Oberlin, Ohio. It was founded in 1865 and is the second oldest conservatory and oldest continually operating conservatory in the United States. It is one of the few American conservatories to be completely attached to a liberal arts college, allowing students the opportunity to pursue degrees in both music and a traditional liberal arts subject via a five-year double-degree program. Like the rest of Oberlin College, the student body of the conservatory is almost exclusively undergraduate.
2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship Pool A
Pool A was one of eight pools of the preliminary round of the 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship. The pool consisted of the host country, Thailand, as well as the Netherlands, Sweden, and Egypt. Teams were played one another in a round-robin, where the top two teams advanced to the final round.

It took place from 22 to 26 August 2025, with rest days on 23 and 25 August. Each matchday featured two games, held at 17:00 and 20:30. As the seeded team, Thailand played all its matches at 20:30.

Netherlands women's national volleyball team
The Netherlands women's national volleyball team is the national volleyball team of the Netherlands. It is governed by the Nederlandse Volleybalbond (NeVoBo). Following the 1995 European Championship they hosted in Arnhem and finishing fifth at the 1996 Olympics, the Dutch have had moments of success amidst instability, such as the title of the 2007 FIVB World Grand Prix, and a return to the Olympic Games in 2016, where the Netherlands got to fourth place.
Vera Starbard
Vera Starbard (born 1982) is a Tlingit/Dena'ina television writer, author, playwright, and editor based in Douglas, Alaska, and current Alaska State Writer Laureate.

After premiering her first play, "Our Voices Will Be Heard," at Perseverance Theatre in 2016, she was named Playwright-in-Residence at Perseverance Theatre through the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Playwright Residency Program.

Vera began editing and writing as a journalist straight out of high school. She was editor of First Alaskans Magazine, a publication highlighting Alaska Native people, culture, and news, for ten years.

As a television writer Vera has written numerous episodes of the Molly of Denali animated children's program airing on PBS KIDS and was nominated for three Emmy Awards for her work on the show. Vera was on the writing staff of ABC's show Alaska Daily. Vera was appointed Alaska State Writer Laureate in 2024, a two-year appointment.

Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, commonly known as the Mellon Foundation, is a New York City-based private foundation with wealth accumulated by Andrew Mellon of the Mellon family of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is the product of the 1969 merger of the Avalon Foundation and the Old Dominion Foundation. These foundations had been set up separately by Ailsa Mellon Bruce and Paul Mellon, the children of Andrew Mellon.

The foundation is housed in New York City in the expanded former offices of the Bollingen Foundation, another educational philanthropy once supported by Paul Mellon. Poet and scholar Elizabeth Alexander is the foundation's current president. Her predecessors have included Earl Lewis, Don Randel, William G. Bowen, John Edward Sawyer and Nathan Pusey.

In 2004, the foundation was awarded the National Medal of Arts.
Zgornje Partinje
Zgornje Partinje (pronounced [ˈzɡoːɾnjɛ paɾˈtiːnjɛ], German: Oberpartin) is a settlement in the Municipality of Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih Goricah in northeastern Slovenia. It is dispersed over a large area of the western Slovene Hills between Globovnica Creek and James Creek (Slovene: Jakobski potok), left tributaries of the Pesnica River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Pesnica (river)
The Pesnica (pronounced [ˈpéːsnitsa]; German: Pößnitz) is a river in Styria, southeastern Austria and in Styria, northeastern Slovenia.

It is 69 km (43 mi) long, of which 65 km (40 mi) is in Slovenia. Its catchment area is about 550 km2 (210 sq mi), of which 539 km2 (208 sq mi) is in Slovenia. Its source is near Glanz an der Weinstraße, near the Austrian-Slovenian border. It passes Zgornja Kungota, Pesnica, Pernica, the castle at Hrastovec v Slovenskih Goricah, Lenart v Slovenskih Goricah, the monastery of Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah, Dornava, and Velika Nedelja, and then merges with the Drava near Ormož, on the border with Croatia.
A481 road
The A481 is a road in Powys, Wales, which connects with the A483 road, not far from the A470 road at Llanelwedd, Builth Wells and leads to the A44 road near Llanfihangel Nant Melan. It is the main road leading to the A44 which connects Builth to Leominster and Hereford across the border with England.

Leominster
Leominster (/ˈlɛmstər/ ⓘ LEM-stər) is a market town in Herefordshire, England; it is located at the confluence of the River Lugg and its tributary the River Kenwater. The town is 12 miles (19 kilometres) north of Hereford and 7 miles (11 kilometres) south of Ludlow in Shropshire. With a population of almost 12,000, Leominster is the largest of the five towns in the county; the others being Ross-on-Wye, Ledbury, Bromyard and Kington.

From 1974 to 1996, Leominster was the administrative centre for the former local government district of Leominster.
Naniboujou Club Lodge
The Naniboujou Club Lodge is a resort and restaurant built as part of a private club on the North Shore of Lake Superior in Cook County, Minnesota, United States, about 15 miles (24 km) east of Grand Marais.  It is named after Naniboujou, a character from the Cree, and the lodge's décor has both Native American and Art Deco influences.  Commenced in the twilight of the Jazz Age, the club's grandiose plans succumbed to the economic realities of the Great Depression, and only the clubhouse was built. That building retains its original design and is listed as a historic property.

Grand Marais, Minnesota
Grand Marais (/məˈreɪ/ mə-RAY) is a city and the county seat of Cook County, Minnesota, United States, of which it is the only municipality. It is on Lake Superior's North Shore. Grand Marais had a population of 1,337 at the 2020 census. Before it was settled by French Canadians and before Minnesota's statehood, it was inhabited by the Ojibwe.

The Gunflint Trail, a National Scenic Byway, begins in Grand Marais and ends near the border with Ontario.
Shafiul Islam Mohiuddin
Shafiul Islam Mohiuddin is a Bangladeshi business leader. He was the Member of Parliament of the Dhaka-10. He is the former president of Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FBCCI). He led the RMG sector of the country over thirty years and became the president of Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA), the largest export earning sector of the country.

Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association
Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association or BGMEA (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ পোশাক প্রস্তুত ও রপ্তানিকারক সমিতি) is a nationwide trade organization of garments manufacturers in Bangladesh and is located in the capital city of Dhaka. It plays a pivotal role in the country's earning sector of foreign trades.