hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sosnovy Bor (garrison)
Sosnovy Bor (Russian: Сосно́вый Бор means "Pine Forest") is a Russian Airborne Troops garrison in Buryatia, Russia, located about 20km east of Ulan Ude, Buryatia's capital. The compound was used for the meeting of President Dmitry Medvedev and North Korean leader Kim Jong-il in August 2011.

It appears to be the garrison of the 11th Guards Airborne Brigade of the Russian Airborne Troops.

Ulan-Ude
Ulan-Ude (/ʊˈlɑːnʊˈdɛ/; Russian: Улан-Удэ, Russian pronunciation: [ʊˈlan ʊˈdɛ]; Buryat: Улаан-Үдэ, romanized: Ulaan-Üde, IPA: [ʊˌlaːɴ‿ˈʉdə]) is the capital city of Buryatia, Russia, located about 100 kilometers (62 mi) southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga. According to the 2021 Census, 437,565 people lived in Ulan-Ude; up from 404,426 recorded in the 2010 Census, making the city the third-largest in the Russian Far East by population.
A Messenger
A Messenger is the debut album from eleventh season American Idol contestant, Colton Dixon. The album was released on January 29, 2013, by Sparrow Records and debuted at No. 15 on the Billboard 200. It debuted at number one on the Top Christian Albums chart.

Adam Watts (musician)
Adam Watts (born Adam Matthew Watts; December 8, 1975) is an American music and visual artist.

His songwriting and productions are featured on over 50 Million Albums Sold Worldwide in both the mainstream and contemporary Christian music industries.

Most recently Watts was the Executive Music Producer on the Netflix Original Musical "A Week Away", serving as the producer, mixer, and co-writer of the film's songs.
2-Tetralone
2-Tetralone is an organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C10H10O.  This colourless oil is an intermediate in organic synthesis. It is a ketone derivative of tetralin, a hydrogenated derivative of naphthalene.

Tetralin
Tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) is a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12. It is a partially hydrogenated derivative of naphthalene. It is a colorless liquid that is used as a hydrogen-donor solvent.
Tokyo Eyes
Tokyo Eyes is a 1998 French-Japanese romantic thriller film directed by Jean-Pierre Limosin and starring Shinji Takeda and Hinano Yoshikawa. It was selected for the 1998 Cannes Film Festival in the Un Certain Regard category.

1998 Cannes Film Festival
The 51st Cannes Film Festival took place from 13 to 24 May 1998. American filmmaker Martin Scorsese served as jury president for the main competition. Isabelle Huppert was the host for the opening and closing ceremonies.

Greek filmmaker Theo Angelopoulos won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Eternity and a Day.

The festival opened with Primary Colors by Mike Nichols, and closed with Godzilla by Roland Emmerich. Two new sections were added to the Official Selection: the Un Certain Regard and the Cinéfondation.
Grain cradle
A grain cradle or cradle, is a modification to a standard scythe to keep the cut grain stems aligned. The cradle scythe has an additional arrangement of fingers attached to the snaith (snath or snathe) to catch the cut grain so that it can be cleanly laid down in a row with the grain heads aligned for collection and efficient threshing.

Threshing
Threshing, or thrashing, is the process of loosening the edible part of grain (or other crop) from the straw to which it is attached. It is the step in grain preparation after reaping. Threshing does not remove the bran from the grain.
2023 Makhmour clashes
The Makhmour clashes (October 22, 2023) occurred between Iraqi Ground Forces and Peshmerga in the Kurdish majority Makhmur District and its surrounding northwestern mountain range. The district is part of the disputed territories, and as such, the area is claimed by the Kurdistan Regional Government. Prior to the clashes, the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) were stationed in military posts between the two sides as well as in Makhmour refugee camp. The clashes began after PKK suddenly withdrew from their posts (including from Makhmour refugee camp), allowing the Iraqi army to take control of the camp as well as advance further north towards Erbil. The KRG rejected the move, claiming that it violated a previous agreement between the Iraqi army’s Nineveh Joint Operations Command and Peshmerga. Kurdish officials later attributed the clashes to “a misunderstanding”.

Government of the Kurdistan Region
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) is the official executive body of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region in northern Iraq.

The cabinet is selected by the majority party or list who also select the prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdish polity. The president is directly elected by the electorate of the region and is the head of the cabinet and chief of state who delegates executive powers to the cabinet. The prime minister is traditionally the head of the legislative body but also shares executive powers with the president. The President of Kurdistan Region is also the commander-in-chief of the Peshmerga.
Protousnea
Protousnea is a genus of lichenised ascomycetes in the large family Parmeliaceae. It contains two accepted species. Protousnea species have a fruticose growth form, similar to beard lichens (genus Usnea). The genus is endemic to southern South America. The genus was circumscribed in 1976 by Hildur Krog as a segregate genus from Usnea.

Hildur Krog
Hildur Krog (22 March 1922 – 25 August 2014) was a Norwegian lichenologist and university professor who made contributions to the field of lichenology, particularly in the areas of lichen taxonomy, chemotaxonomy, and floristics.
Sadd el-Kafara
Sadd el-Kafara ("Dam of the Infidels") was a masonry embankment dam on Wadi al-Garawi 10 km southeast of Helwan in Cairo, Egypt. The dam was built in the first half of the third millennium BC by the ancient Egyptians for flood control and is the oldest major dam in the world. Never completed, the dam was under construction for 10–12 years before being destroyed by a flood. It was rediscovered by Georg Schweinfurth in 1885.

Embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a water-resistant natural covering for its surface, and may feature a dense, watertight core to resist surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.
Funnelsort
Funnelsort is a comparison-based sorting algorithm. It is similar to mergesort, but it is a cache-oblivious algorithm, designed for a setting where the number of elements to sort is too large to fit in a cache where operations are done. It was introduced by Matteo Frigo, Charles Leiserson, Harald Prokop, and Sridhar Ramachandran in 1999 in the context of the cache oblivious model.

Harald Prokop
Harald Prokop is the Chief Technical Officer of SCVNGR, parent company of LevelUp, as of April 2012. Currently he works at Just Appraised.

He worked at Akamai Technologies from 1999 to 2012, where he was Senior Vice President of Engineering and is also known for having elucidated the concept of the cache-oblivious algorithm.
Pinguicula grandiflora
Pinguicula grandiflora, commonly known as the large-flowered butterwort, is a temperate insectivorous plant in the Lentibulariaceae family. One distinguishing feature of the species is its flower, which is much larger than the average for the genus.

Lentibulariaceae
Lentibulariaceae is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.

The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
Salma Yaqoob
Salma Yaqoob (born 15 August 1971) is a British political activist and psychotherapist who served as the Leader of the Respect Party from 2005 until 2012, representing the party on Birmingham City Council.

She led the Birmingham Stop the War Coalition and is a patron of Stop the War Coalition UK. She unsuccessfully stood to be the Labour Party candidate for Mayor of the West Midlands in the 2021 mayoral election, finishing third out of three candidates.

She has been a spokesperson for Birmingham Central Mosque.

Yaqoob has also contributed to news outlets, including HuffPost, The Guardian and the New Statesman.

Birmingham Central Mosque
Birmingham Central Mosque, is a mosque in the Highgate area of Birmingham, England, run by the Birmingham Mosque Trust. The organization, 'Muslims in Britain’ classify the Birmingham Central Mosque as, nonsectarian. The mosque has a capacity of 6,000, including women. The mosque provides a Sharia Council which in 2016 handled 400 requests for divorce.

The mosque has 21 listed trustees, and its Chair is Muhammad Afzal. Its Vice Chairman is Mohammed Najib.
Swimming at the 1995 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre freestyle
The women's 400 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1995 Pan American Games took place between March 12–17 at the Complejo Natatorio. The last Pan American Games champion was Jane Skillman of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool, with all eight being in the freestyle stroke.

Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games – Women's 400 metre freestyle
The women's 400 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1991 Pan American Games took place on 14 August. The last Pan American Games champion was Julie Martin of US.

This race consisted of eight lengths of the pool, with all eight being in the freestyle stroke.
Nate Costa
Nate Costa (born May 15, 1988) played quarterback at the University of Oregon from 2006 to 2010 and was a team captain of the 2010 Oregon Ducks football team. After coaching stops at the University of Oregon and IMG Academy, he was the Quarterback's Coach at University of Nevada for one season before resigning 11 days before the first game of his second season.

University of Nevada, Reno
The University of Nevada, Reno (Nevada, the University of Nevada, or UNR) is a public land-grant research university in Reno, Nevada, United States. It is the state's flagship public university and primary land grant institution. It was founded on October 12, 1874, in Elko, Nevada.

The university is classified as a doctoral, R1 research university by the Carnegie Classification. In 2018, the university spent $144 million on research and development according to the National Science Foundation. Among its several schools and colleges, the university has a medical school and is home to the Donald W. Reynolds School of Journalism from which six Pulitzer Prize winners have graduated.
Floro MK-9
The Floro MK-9 is a submachine gun designed and formerly manufactured by Floro International Corporation (FIC). The weapon is marketed to local security forces as a low-cost alternative to imported submachine guns.

Submachine gun
A submachine gun (SMG) or sub-gun is a magazine-fed automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an automatic firearm with notably less firepower than a machine gun (hence the prefix "sub-"). As a machine gun must fire rifle cartridges to be classified as such, submachine guns are not considered machine guns.

In the 20th century, the submachine gun was developed during World War I (1914–1918) as a close-quarter offensive weapon, mainly for trench raiding. At its peak during World War II (1939–1945), millions of submachine guns were made for assault troops and auxiliaries whose doctrines emphasized close-quarter suppressive fire. New submachine gun designs appeared frequently during the Cold War, especially among special forces, commandos and mechanized infantrymen. Submachine gun usage for frontline combat decreased in the 1980s and 1990s.
Neal Brown
Neal Brown (born March 11, 1980) is an American football coach and former player who is currently the head football coach at the University of North Texas. He previously served as the head coach at West Virginia University from 2019 to 2024 and Troy University from 2015 to 2018. Brown also previously served as the offensive coordinator at Troy (2008–2009), Texas Tech University (2010–2012), and the University of Kentucky (2013–2014).

Texas Longhorns football
The Texas Longhorns football program is the intercollegiate team representing the University of Texas at Austin (variously Texas or UT) in the sport of American football. The Longhorns compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Their home games are played at Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin, Texas.

With over 950 wins, and an all-time win–loss percentage of .704, the Longhorns rank 5th and 7th on the all-time wins and win–loss records lists, respectively. Additionally, the program claims 4 national championships, 34 conference championships, 100 First Team All-Americans (63 consensus and 27 unanimous), and 2 Heisman Trophy winners.
2019 Deutschland Tour
The 2019 Deutschland Tour was a road cycling stage race that took place between 29 August and 1 September 2019. This year's edition of the Deutschland Tour was the 34th edition and was rated as a 2.HC event as part of the 2019 UCI Europe Tour. The defending champion, Slovenian Matej Mohorič of Bahrain–Merida, did not return to defend his title, though his team was invited. After taking the lead in the overall classification after stage 3, Belgian Jasper Stuyven of Trek–Segafredo held off Sonny Colbrelli and Yves Lampaert, who finished second and third overall respectively, on the final stage to take the overall victory.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
2008 Hull City Council election
The 2008 Hull City Council election took place on 1 May 2008 to elect members of Hull City Council in England. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrats retained control of the council with an increased majority from a situation of ruling under no overall control.

After the election, the composition of the council was

Liberal Democrat 33

Labour 19

N.E.W. Hull Independent 3

Conservative 2

Independent 1

Non-aligned 1

Hull City Council
Hull City Council, or Kingston upon Hull City Council, is the local authority for the city of Kingston upon Hull (generally known as Hull) in the ceremonial county of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. Hull has had a council since 1299, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1996 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council; it is independent from East Riding of Yorkshire Council, the unitary authority which administers the rest of the county.

The council meets at the Guildhall. It has been under Liberal Democrat majority control since 2022.
Mohanur railway station
Mohanur railway station (station code: MONR) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Salem railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station situated in Mohanur, Namakkal district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The station is an intermediate station on the newly commissioned Salem Junction–Karur Junction line which became operational in  May 2013.

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Tarkas
Tarkas is a genus of the jumping spider family, Salticidae. The single described species, Tarkas maculatipes, is found in Mexico and Guatemala.

The genus is named after the character Tars Tarkas from the Edgar Rice Burroughs novel A Princess of Mars.

Edgar Rice Burroughs
Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – March 19, 1950) was an American writer, recognized for his prolific output in the adventure, science fiction, and fantasy genres. Best known for creating the characters Tarzan (who appeared in a series of twenty-four books by him) and John Carter (who was a recurring character in a series of eleven books), he also wrote the Pellucidar series, the Amtor series, and the Caspak trilogy.

Tarzan was immediately popular, and Burroughs capitalized on it in every possible way, including a syndicated Tarzan comic strip, films, and merchandise. Tarzan remains one of the most successful fictional characters to this day and is a cultural icon. Burroughs's California ranch is now the center of the Tarzana neighborhood in Los Angeles, named after the character. Burroughs was an explicit supporter of eugenics and scientific racism in both his fiction and nonfiction; Tarzan was meant to reflect these concepts.
Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis
Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis is a variant of the Bacillus cereus bacterium that has acquired plasmids similar to those of Bacillus anthracis. As a result, it is capable of causing anthrax. In 2016, it was added to the CDC's list of select agents and toxins.

Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis infection has caused significant mortality in numerous mammalian species, including chimpanzees.

Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919), derived from toxic.

Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. They vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to potentially fatal even at extremely low doses (such as botulinum toxin).
Ubi caritas
"Ubi caritas" is a hymn of the Western Church, long used as one of the antiphons for the washing of feet on Maundy Thursday. Its text is attributed to Paulinus of Aquileia in 796 AD. The traditional melody probably also stems from the late 8th century AD. It is now and then sung at Eucharistic Adoration and Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament and has for a long time been part of the Holy Thursday evening liturgy.  The current  Roman Catholic Missal (1970, 3rd typical edition 2002) reassigned it from the foot-washing mandatum to the offertory procession at the Holy Thursday evening Mass of the Lord's Supper. It also is found in current Anglican and Lutheran hymnals.

In the second typical edition (1975) of the current Roman Missal, pups the antiphonal response was altered to read "Ubi caritas est vera, Deus ibi est," after certain very early manuscripts. This translates as: "Where true charity is, God is there."

Ola Gjeilo
Ola Gjeilo (/ˈjaɪluː/ YIGH-loo, Norwegian: [ˈûːlɑ ˈjæ̀ɪlʊ]; born May 5, 1978) is a Norwegian composer and pianist in the United States.

He writes choral music, and has written for piano and wind symphony, publishing through Walton Music, Edition Peters, and Boosey and Hawkes.
Swimming at the 1991 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metre butterfly
The men's 200 metre butterfly competition of the swimming events at the 1991 Pan American Games took place on 17 August. The last Pan American Games champion was Bill Stapleton of US.

This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all lengths being in butterfly stroke.

Butterfly stroke
Butterfly (shortened to fly) is a swimming stroke swum on the front, with both arms moving symmetrically, accompanied by the butterfly kick (also known as the "dolphin kick") along with the movement of the hips and chest.

It is the newest swimming style swum in competition, first swum in the early 1950s and originating from breaststroke.

For most competitive swimmers, butterfly is the second fastest stroke, only slower than front crawl.
Meredith Flaherty
Meredith Flaherty (née McCullen) is an American soccer coach and former player. During her college career, she played for the Clemson Tigers and Florida Gators, winning a national championship with the latter in 1998.

Clemson Tigers
The Clemson Tigers are the athletic teams that represent Clemson University, located in Clemson, South Carolina. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level (Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) for football). Clemson competes for and has won multiple NCAA Division I national championships in football, men's soccer, and men's golf.  The Clemson Tigers field twenty-one athletic teams, nine men's and twelve women's, across thirteen sports.

Clemson was a founding member of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), where it has competed since the 1953–54 season.  Previously, they were a founding member of the Southern Conference from 1921 through 1953, and a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association from 1896 through 1921.
2017 ITF Men's Circuit (October–December)
The 2017 ITF Men's Circuit is the 2017 edition of the second-tier tour for men's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the ATP Tour. The ITF Men's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $15,000 up to $25,000.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.