hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yehoyada Haim
Yehoyada Haim (Hebrew: יהוידע חיים; born 1941 in Iraq) is a retired Israeli diplomat and former ambassador to India and China, and non-resident ambassador to Mongolia.

He studied in the United States at Georgetown University, where he received a doctorate in Middle East and Asian studies in 1975. In 1983 he published the book Abandonment of Illusions: Zionist political attitudes toward Palestinian Arab nationalism, 1936-1939, which was based on his dissertation. During his career as a diplomat, Haim has served in London as a political counselor and directed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Middle East Department. He later served as ambassador to India from 1995 to 2000 and then as ambassador to China and Mongolia.

Asian studies
Asian studies is the term used usually in North America and Australia for what in Europe is known as Oriental studies. The field is concerned with the Asian people, their cultures, languages, history and politics. Within the Asian sphere, Asian studies combines aspects of sociology, history, cultural anthropology, cultural studies, and many other disciplines to study political, cultural and economic phenomena in Asian traditional and contemporary societies. Asian studies form a field of post-graduate study in many universities.

It is a branch of area studies, and many Western universities combine Asian and African studies in a single faculty or institute, like SOAS in London. It is often combined with Islamic studies in a similar way. The history of the discipline in the West is covered under Oriental studies.

The International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS) only considers Asia to the east of the Indus River in its scope of "Asian Studies".
3rd Panzer Brigade (Bundeswehr)
The 3rd (Weser-Leine) Armoured Brigade (German: Panzerbrigade 3 "Weser-Leine") was a brigade in the German Army that was disbanded in 1994. It was headquartered in Nienburg in north Germany. The Brigade's centre of gravity was in eastern Lower Saxony. Its last brigade commander was Colonel Friedrich-Johann von Krusenstiern.

German Army
The German Army (German: Heer, lit. 'army') is the land component of the armed forces of Germany. The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German Bundeswehr together with the Marine (German Navy) and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force). As of 2024, the German Army had a strength of 63,047 soldiers.
Loring, Montana
Loring is an unincorporated community in Phillips County, Montana, United States. Loring is located on U.S. Route 191, 38 miles (61 km) north of Malta and 15 miles south of the Canadian border. Loring has a post office serving ZIP code 59537.

Loring began as a stop on the Great Northern Railway’s branch line between Saco and Hogeland. The post office opened in 1929.

Malta, Montana
Malta (/ˈmɔːltə/ ⓘ MAWL-tə) is a city in and the county seat of Phillips County, Montana, United States, located at the intersection of U.S. Routes 2 and 191. The population was 1,860 at the 2020 census.
Catherine B. Gulley
Catherine Biggs Gulley (11 May 1869 – 27 May 1960) was an English watercolour portrait and genre painter who lived and worked in Bristol. Being a member of the Royal West of England Academy, she regularly exhibited her works there. Her paintings often reflected the sentimental tastes fashionable in the Edwardian period.

Her works were exhibited in Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester and the Royal Academy. The first to be shown at the Academy in 1908 was titled, "Finishing touches" and the final in 1962 was painted when she was living at Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol.

Royal West of England Academy
The Royal West of England Academy (RWA) is Bristol's oldest art gallery, located in Clifton, Bristol, near the junction of Queens Road and Whiteladies Road. Situated in a Grade II* listed building, it hosts five galleries and an exhibition programme of historic and contemporary British art.

Elected Royal West of England Academicians use the post-nominal RWA.
Aramis
René d'Herblay, alias Aramis, is a fictional character in the novels The Three Musketeers (1844), Twenty Years After (1845), and The Vicomte de Bragelonne (1847–1850) by Alexandre Dumas, père. He and the other two musketeers, Athos and Porthos, are friends of the novels' protagonist, d'Artagnan.

The fictional Aramis is loosely based on the historical musketeer Henri d'Aramitz.

Musket
A musket is a muzzle-loaded long gun that appeared as a smoothbore weapon in the early 16th century, at first as a heavier variant of the arquebus, capable of penetrating plate armour. By the mid-16th century, this type of musket gradually disappeared as the use of heavy armour declined, but musketeers continued as the generic term for smoothbore long sticks until the mid-19th century. In turn, this style of musket was retired in the 19th century when rifled muskets (simply called rifles in modern terminology) using the Minié ball (invented by Claude-Étienne Minié in 1849) became common. The development of breech-loading firearms using self-contained cartridges, introduced by Casimir Lefaucheux in 1835, began to make muskets obsolete. The first reliable repeating rifles, the 1860 Henry rifle and its 1866 descendant the Winchester rifle, superseded muskets entirely. Repeating rifles quickly established themselves as the standard for rifle design, ending the era of the musket.
Santiago Cordero
Santiago Cordero (born 6 December 1993) is an Argentine rugby union player currently playing for Argentina side Pampas XV in the Super Rugby Americas. He plays as wing or fullback.

He made his debut in 2012 at his training club, Club Regatas de Bella Vista.

Super Rugby Americas
Súper Rugby Américas (SRA), formerly known as Súper Liga Americana de Rugby (SLAR), is a franchise rugby union competition involving teams from South America. Established in 2019, the first season was began in 2020, however was cancelled due to issues regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. After efforts by World Rugby (WR), It is organized and led by Sudamérica Rugby, the competition renamed to Súper Rugby Américas beginning in its 2023 season, in order to draw a parallel with the Super Rugby Pacific, a competition made up of franchises from Australia, Fiji, and New Zealand.
Driss Temsamani
Driss R. Temsamani (Arabic: إدريس التمسماني; born 1966) is an American banker, author, and public speaker specializing in digital transformation, financial technology, and diaspora advocacy.

He began his career at Citigroup in 1995 and is currently a managing director, serving as the Americas Head of Digital. In this role, he oversees digital banking services across the Americas.

Temsamani is recognized for his collaboration with central banks and regulators, shaping digital policy, financial inclusion, digital assets, Blockchain technology and artificial intelligence. His expertise in digital transformation has positioned him as a thought leader in global financial policy discussions.

Digital asset
A digital asset is anything that exists only in digital form and comes with a distinct usage right or distinct permission for use. Data that do not possess those rights are not considered assets.

Digital assets include, but are not limited to: digital documents, audio content, motion pictures, and other relevant digital data currently in circulation or stored on digital appliances, such as personal computers, laptops, portable media players, tablets, data storage devices, and telecommunication devices. This encompasses any apparatus that currently exists or will exist as technology progresses to accommodate the conception of new modalities capable of carrying digital assets. This holds true regardless of the ownership of the physical device on which the digital asset is located.
Fredrica Löf
Fredrica Löf, also known as Fredrique Löwen (née Johanna Fredrika Löf; Stockholm, October 1760 – 17 July 1813), was a Swedish stage actress.  She was the first female star at the newly founded national stage Royal Dramatic Theatre, which was founded the year of her debut.

Royal Dramatic Theatre
The Royal Dramatic Theatre (Swedish: Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern, colloquially Dramaten) is Sweden's national stage for "spoken drama", founded in 1788. Around one thousand shows are put on annually on the theatre's five running stages.

The theatre has been at its present location in the Art Nouveau building at Nybroplan, Stockholm, since 1908. The theatre was built by the architect Fredrik Lilljekvist. Famous artists like Carl Milles and Carl Larsson were involved in making the decorations, and some of the interior decorations were made by Prince Eugen.

The theatre's acting school, the Royal Dramatic Training Academy, produced many actors and directors who would go on to be famous, including Gustaf Molander (who also taught there), Alf Sjöberg, Greta Garbo, Vera Schmiterlöw, Signe Hasso, Ingrid Bergman, Gunnar Björnstrand, Max von Sydow, and Bibi Andersson. The school was split off as a separate institution in 1967 (see Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting).
Ibrahim al-Mawsili
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Mawṣilī (Arabic: أبو إسحاق إبراهيم الموصلي; 742–804) was an Arab musician of Persian origin who was among the greatest composers of the early Abbasid period. After Arab and Persian musical training in Ray, he was called to the Abbasid capital of Baghdad where he served under three successive Abbasid caliphs: Al-Mahdi, Al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid. He became particularly close with the latter and emerged as the leading musician of his time. He championed the conservative school of Arab music against progressives such as Ibn Jami. His son and student Ishaq al-Mawsili would succeed him as the leader of the conservative tradition and his other pupils included the musicians Mukhariq, Zalzal and Ziryab. He appears in numerous stories of One Thousand and One Nights.

Round City of Baghdad
The Round City of Baghdad is the original core of Baghdad, built by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur in 762–766 CE as the official residence of the Abbasid court. Its official name in Abbasid times was City of Peace (Arabic: مدينة السلام, romanized: Madīnat as-Salām). The famous library known as the House of Wisdom was located within its grounds.
Jerzy Zagórski
Jerzy Zagórski (3 December 1907 – 5 August 1984) was a Polish poet, essayist and translator. Member of literary group Żagary. Awarded the Righteous Among the Nations together with his wife Maria (Maryna) Zagórska, translator of belles-lettres.

Žagarė
Žagarė (pronunciationⓘ, see also other names) is a city located in the Joniškis district, northern Lithuania, close to the border with Latvia. It has a population of about 2,000, down from 14,000 in 1914, when it was the 7th largest city in Lithuania. Žagarė is famous for Žagarvyšnė - a cherry species originated in Žagarė.
Cupid and Psyche (Gérard)
Cupid and Psyche (or Allegory of Eros and Psyche) is an oil-on-canvas painting by French painter François Gérard, from 1798. It was exhibited for the first time at the Salon of 1798. It is held in the Louvre, in Paris.

François Gérard
François Pascal Simon Gérard (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa paskal simɔ̃ ʒeʁaʁ], 4 May 1770 – 11 January 1837), titled as Baron Gérard in 1809, was a French painter. He was born in Rome, where his father occupied a post in the house of the French ambassador, and his mother was Italian.

A student of Jacques-Louis David, he became one of the leading painters of the First French Empire (1804–1815) and the Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830). Court painter to Emperor Napoleon and later First Painter to Kings Louis XVIII and Charles X, Gérard enjoyed immense renown—not only in France, but across Europe. Nicknamed “the painter of kings, the king of painters,” he was indeed the portraitist of choice for every European royal family. His salon, one of the most celebrated of its time, welcomed the era’s most eminent figures.

After he was made a baron of the Empire in 1809 by Emperor Napoleon, he was known formally as Baron Gérard.
Nabarun Bhattacharya
Nabarun Bhattacharya (23 June 1948 – 31 July 2014) was an Indian writer who wrote in the Bengali language. He was born at Berhampore, West Bengal. He was the only child of actor and playwright Bijon Bhattacharya and writer and activist Mahashweta Devi. His maternal grandfather was a writer from the Kallol era Manish Ghatak. Visionary filmmaker Ritwik Ghatak was his great-uncle.

His novel, Herbert (1993), was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award and adapted into a film of the same name by Suman Mukhopadhyay in 2005.
Bhattacharya regularly edited a literary magazine Bhashabandhan. He was secretary of Ganasanskriti Parisad, the cultural organization of CPIML Liberation.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.
Vincent Price Art Museum
The Vincent Price Art Museum (VPAM) is an art museum located at East Los Angeles College in Monterey Park, California, US.

The museum is named after American actor Vincent Price who donated portions of his personal art collection to the college in 1957. The museum's collection now contains over 9,000 objects ranging from impressionist paintings to Japanese prints to objects from the Ancient Americas, 2,000 of which were donated by Price.

It has been a venue for underrepresented artists since its founding, organizing key solo exhibitions for Los Angeles-based artists including Laura Aguilar, Carlos Almaraz, Nao Bustamante, Rafa Esparza, Judithe Hernández, Manuel López, Star Montana, Guadalupe Rosales, and Shizu Saldamando.

Monterey Park, California
Monterey Park is a city in the western San Gabriel Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, United States, approximately seven miles (11 km) east of the Downtown Los Angeles civic center. It is bordered by Alhambra, East Los Angeles, Montebello and Rosemead. The city's motto is "Pride in the past, Faith in the future."

Monterey Park is part of a cluster of cities (Alhambra, Arcadia, Temple City, Rosemead, San Marino, and San Gabriel in the west San Gabriel Valley) with a growing Asian American population. According to the 2020 Census, the city had a total population of 61,096. Monterey Park has consistently ranked as one of the country's best places to live due to its schools, growing economy, and central location.
Lionel Blue
Lionel Blue OBE (né Bluestein; 6 February 1930 – 19 December 2016) was a British Reform rabbi, journalist and broadcaster, described by The Guardian as "one of the most respected religious figures in the UK". He was best known for his longstanding work with the media, most notably his wry and gentle sense of humour on Thought for the Day on BBC Radio 4's Today programme. He was the first British rabbi publicly to declare his homosexuality.

Today (BBC Radio 4)
Today, colloquially known as the Today programme, is BBC Radio 4's long-running morning news and current-affairs radio programme. Broadcast on Monday to Saturday from 06:00 to 09:00 (starting on Saturday at 07:00), it is produced by BBC News and is the highest-rated programme on Radio 4 and one of the BBC's most popular programmes across its radio networks. In-depth political interviews and reports are interspersed with regular news bulletins, as well as Thought for the Day. It has been voted the most influential news programme in Britain in setting the political agenda, with an average weekly listening audience around 6 million.
Wilfried Fritz
Wilfried Fritz (born 4 June 1940) is a German former footballer who played for FC Basel in the early 1960s. He played mainly in the position of striker, but also as midfielder.

Fritz joined Basel's first team for their 1961–62 season under manager Jiří Sobotka. Fritz played his domestic league debut for the club in the away game on 27 August 1961 as Basel played against Lausanne-Sport. He scored his first goal for his club on 10 September in the away game against Grasshopper Club. In fact he scored two goals in that game, but he could not save Basel from a 3–4 defeat.

Fritz played two seasons for Basel. Between the years 1961 and 1963 he played a total of 32 games for them scoring a total of eight goals. 22 of these games were in the Nationalliga A, four in the Swiss Cup, one in the International Football Cup and five were friendly games. He scored six goals in the domestic league and the other two were scored during the test games.

FC Lausanne-Sport
Football Club Lausanne-Sport is a Swiss football club based in Lausanne in the canton of Vaud. Founded in 1896, Lausanne Sport compete in the top-tier Swiss Super League after being promoted in the 2022–23 Swiss Challenge League Season.

They play their home games at the 12,544-capacity Stade de la Tuilière.  Previously Lausanne Sport had played at the Stade Olympique de la Pontaise, a 15,850 all-seater stadium used for the 1954 FIFA World Cup. They played in Swiss First Division between 1906-1931, 1932–2002, 2011–2014, 2016–2018, 2020–2022 and 2023–present. The team has won seven league titles and the Swiss Cup nine times.
ODIN'S EYE II
ODIN'S EYE (multinatiOnal Development INitiative for a Space-based missilE earlY-warning architecturE) II is a European multinational development initiative for a satellite-based early warning system for ballistic and hypersonic missiles. OHB System AG, based in Bremen (Germany), is the project's coordinator with a consortium of 43 companies from 14 European nations having started work on a simulator as of February 2024. It is part of the TWISTER (Timely Warning and Interception with Space-based TheatER Surveillance) project within the EU defense initiative for Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO). In 2021 the project received €7.5 million from the European Commission to study “space situational awareness and early warning capabilities”.

Consortium
A consortium (pl. consortiums or consortia) is an association of two or more individuals, companies, organizations, or governments (or any combination of these entities) with the objective of participating in a common activity or pooling their resources for achieving a common goal. Consortia are generally nonprofit with a goal to help its members improve their competitiveness in the specific field.

Consortium is a Latin word meaning "partnership", "association", or "society", and derives from consors ("shared in property"), itself from con- ("together") and sors ("fate").
Mount Grinnell
Mount Grinnell is a peak located in the heart of Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Lying just east of the Continental Divide in the Many Glacier region of the park, the peak is flanked to the northwest by Swiftcurrent Glacier and to the south by Grinnell Glacier. Mount Grinnell is named after George Bird Grinnell. From the Many Glacier Hotel on Swiftcurrent Lake, the eastern arm of Mount Grinnell, known as Grinnell Point, hides the main summit.

Redrock Lake with Mount Grinnell above Redrock Falls with Grinnell Point to the left.

Mount Grinnell above Grinnell Lake

Bullhead Lake, looking towards Mount Grinnell

Mt. Grinnell from Iceberg Lake Trail

Swiftcurrent Glacier
Swiftcurrent Glacier is in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana.The glacier is on the east (Glacier County) side of the Continental Divide arête known as the Garden Wall. Swiftcurrent Glacier is one of several glaciers that are being monitored to determine stream flow alterations that occur due to glacial retreat.  Compared to other glaciers in Glacier National Park, Swiftcurrent Glacier has experienced relatively slow retreat. As of 2005, the glacier had an area of 55 acres (0.22 km2), a 14 percent reduction since 1966.
Viale (surname)
Viale is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fabio Viale (born 1975), Italian sculptor

Giovanna Viale (born 1949), Italian geneticist

Jean-Louis Viale (1933–1984), French jazz drummer

Juan Manuel Viale (born 1981), Argentinian football player

Julien Viale (born 1982), French football player

Luigi Viale (born 1978), Italian yacht racer

Michele Viale-Prelà (1798–1860), French priest and diplomat

Raimondo Viale (1907–1984), Italian priest

Robert M. Viale (1916–1945), American army officer

Spirito Mario Viale (born 1882), Italian engineer

Giovanna Viale
Giovanna Viale (born 7 July 1949) is an Italian geneticist who was a professor for medical genetics and director of the Centre of the University and High School of Milan for Bioscience education (CusMiBio).
2009–10 Regionalliga
The 2009–10 Regionalliga season was the sixteenth since its re-establishment after German reunification and the second as a fourth-level league within the German football league system. It was contested in three divisions with eighteen teams each. The competition began on 7 August 2008 with the first matches of each division and ended on 29 May 2010.

Stuttgarter Kickers
Stuttgarter Kickers is a German association football club that plays in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, founded on 21 September 1899 as FC Stuttgarter Cickers. The club currently plays in the Regionalliga Südwest, the fourth tier of German football.
VMR-152
Marine Transport Squadron 152 (VMR-152) was an air transport squadron of the United States Marine Corps that was responsible for the movement of personnel, equipment, and supplies. The squadron flew fixed-wing cargo aircraft to include the R4D Skytrain and the R4Q Flying Boxcar.  The squadron saw combat during World War II and the Korean War with their most notable contributions coming during the Battle of Guadalcanal and during the Marine breakout during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir.  The squadron was decommissioned in the late 1950s.

Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar
The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar (Navy and Marine Corps designation R4Q) is an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute. The first C-119 made its initial flight in November 1947, and by the time production ceased in 1955, more than 1,100 had been built.
Ratodero Tehsil
Ratodero Tehsil (Sindhi:  رتوديرو ) is a tehsil, located in the Larkana District in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is about 28 km from the district capital Larkana. Before the partition of India, the city had a special reputation for its sweet products.

The principal trade of the town is paddy and rice, and there are many rice mills.

Larkana
Larkana (Sindhi: لاڙڪانو‎, romanized: lāṛkāṇō; Urdu: لاڑکانہ, romanized: lāṛkāna) is a city located in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the 15th largest city of Pakistan by population. It is home to the Indus Valley civilization site Mohenjo-daro. The historic Indus River flows in east and south of the city.

The city is located within Larkana District. Formerly known as Chandka, Larkana is located on the south bank of the Ghar canal, about 40 miles (64 km) south of the town Shikarpur, and 36 miles (58 km) northeast of Mehar. With a population of 551,716 in the 2023 Census of Pakistan, it is the 4th most populated city of Sindh province (after Karachi, Hyderabad, and Sukkur), and the 19th most populated city in PAKISTAN.