hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Nicholson (distiller)
William Nicholson JP DL (2 September 1824 – 25 July 1909), was a British Member of Parliament, London gin distiller, cricketer and philanthropist in the Victorian era.

Nicholson played as a gentleman amateur from 1845 to 1869 and was twice elected as MP for Petersfield in Hampshire to represent the Liberal Party in 1866 and in 1880, before serving as President of Marylebone Cricket Club (for 1879/80).

Territorial Decoration
The Territorial Decoration (TD) was a military medal of the United Kingdom awarded for long service in the Territorial Force and its successor, the Territorial Army.

This award superseded the Volunteer Officer's Decoration when the Territorial Force was formed on 1 April 1908, following the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907, (7 Edw.7, c.9) which was a large reorganisation of the old Volunteer Army and the remaining units of militia and Yeomanry.  However, the Militia were transferred to the Special Reserve rather than becoming part of the Territorial Force. Recipients of this award are entitled to use the letters "TD" after their name (post-nominal).
Neumeister
Neumeister is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Neumeister (born 1941), German industrial designer

Ed Neumeister (born 1952), American jazz composer and trombonist

Erdmann Neumeister (1671–1756), German Lutheran pastor and hymnologist

Frank Neumeister, German coxswain

Otto C. Neumeister (1866–1938), American businessman, pharmacist and politician

Johann Gottfried Neumeister (1757–1840), author of the so-called Neumeister Collection, a compilation of chorale preludes  composed, among others, by Johann Sebastian Bach.

Erdmann Neumeister
Erdmann Neumeister (12 May 1671 – 18 August 1756) was a German Lutheran pastor and hymnologist.

He was born in Uichteritz near Weißenfels in the province Saxonia of Germany. As a fifteen-year-old boy he started his studies in Schulpforta, an old humanistic gymnasium. He became a student of poetology and theology in the University of Leipzig between 1691 and 1697. He began his career as a minister of religion in the spa town of Bibra.  He became diaconus (deacon) for the duke of Saxonia-Weissenfels. From 1705 to 1715, he was superintendent in Sorau (today Zary in Poland). He left for Hamburg because of theological disputes. (As an adult, he would become a vehement opponent of Pietism). He died in Hamburg as an honoured main pastor. His grave in the St. Jacobi Church was destroyed during World War II.
Zygmunt Grudziński (1560–1618)
Zygmunt Grudziński (1560–1618) was a Polish noble: castellan of Kruszwica (1593–1601), starost of Inowrocław and voivode of Rawa from 1613.

In 1606, he supported the rokosz of Zebrzydowski, arguing in Sandomierz that loyalty to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was more important than loyalty to the king, Sigismund III Vasa.

Kruszwica
Kruszwica ([kruʂˈfʲit͡sa]) is a town in central Poland, in the Inowrocław County in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. It has a population of 9,161 (2010). Initially founded in the 6th century, Kruszwica is the oldest town in the region and features a medieval castle with a 12th-century Romanesque church. It is situated on the shores of Gopło Lake in the historic region of Kuyavia.
Al-Hurriya (newspaper)
Al-Hurriya (Arabic: الحرية), (freedom) variously transcribed as al-Hourriya, al-Hurriyeh, etc.) is a Palestinian political newspaper affiliated with the Marxist-Leninist Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP). First published in Beirut, Lebanon on January 4, 1960, by the Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM), under the editorship of Muhsin Ibrahim it became increasingly socialist, against the opposition of ANM founders and older members.

In 1969 al-Hurriya became the joint organ of the DFLP and the Communist Action Organization in Lebanon. Since 1977 it is the central organ of DFLP.

Arab Nationalist Movement
The Arab Nationalist Movement (Arabic: حركة القوميين العرب, Harakat al-Qawmiyyin al-Arab), also known as the Movement of Arab Nationalists and the Harakiyyin, was a pan-Arab nationalist organization influential in much of the Arab world, particularly within the Palestinian movement. It was first established in the 1950s by George Habash with the primary focus on Arab unity.
A Time Called You
A Time Called You (Korean: 너의 시간 속으로) is a 2023 South Korean time travel mystery romance television series written by Choi Hyo-bi, directed by Kim Jin-won, and starring Ahn Hyo-seop, Jeon Yeo-been, and Kang Hoon. Based on the Taiwanese television series Someday or One Day. It was released on Netflix on September 8, 2023.

Taiwanese television drama
Taiwanese drama (Chinese: 台灣電視劇; pinyin: Táiwān Diànshìjù, also known as T.W. drama) refer to dramatic programming of television programming extended stories usually dramatizing relationships through the general range of ten to forty one-hour episodes. They are produced in Taiwan and have gained increasing popularity in the Mandarin-speaking community internationally. The term "Taiwanese drama" is applied to Taiwanese miniseries in general, even including those with greater elements of comedy than of drama.
Worshipful Company of Arts Scholars
The Worshipful Company of Arts Scholars ranks 110th in precedence of the City livery companies. Recognised as a Company without Livery in 2010, it was constituted a Livery Company on 11 February 2014 by the Court of Aldermen of the City of London. It represents "those involved in the study, curation, collection and trade in antiques, antiquities and objects of decorative and applied art."

Court of Aldermen
The Court of Aldermen forms part of the senior governance of the City of London Corporation. It comprises twenty-five Aldermen of the City of London, presided over by the Lady Mayor (the Lady Mayor becomes senior Alderman while in the office). The Court was originally responsible for the entire administration of the City, but most of its responsibilities were subsumed by the Court of Common Council in the fourteenth century. The Court of Aldermen meets seven times a year in the Aldermen's Court Room at Guildhall. The few remaining duties of the Court include approving people for Freedom of the City, approving the formation of new livery companies, and appointing the Recorder of London.
Wild Whirled Music
Wild Whirled Music is an American independent music publisher. The company's core business evolved from placement of songs in popular US television shows and films. David Hilker is CEO, and Jeff Freundlich is COO.

Music publisher
A music publisher is a type of publisher that specializes in distributing music. Music publishers originally published sheet music. When copyright became legally protected, music publishers began to play a significant role in the management of composers' intellectual property. Today, music publishers license compositions, collect royalties, and make sure songwriters and composers are paid when their work is used.
T. N. Prathapan
T. N. Prathapan is an Indian National Congress politician from Thrissur who was Member of parliament, Lok Sabha from Thrissur from 2019 to 2024.

He was a Member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly of Kodungallur from 2011 to 2016. He was previously elected to K.L.A. in 2001 and 2006 from Nattika Assembly Constituency.

He contested the 2019 Indian general election from Kerala as a candidate of Indian National Congress in Thrissur constituency and was elected as the MP.

T. N. Prathapan was appointed the working president of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee (KPCC) on 13 March 2024 by All India Congress Committee (AICC).He was appointed AICC Secretary on November 11, 2025 and still holds that position.

All India Congress Committee
The All India Congress Committee (AICC) is the presidium or the central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress. It is composed of members elected from state-level Pradesh Congress Committees and can have as many as a thousand members. It is the AICC that elects members of the Congress Working Committee and the Congress President, who is also the head of the AICC.

The organisational executives of the AICC are several general-secretaries selected by the Congress President and the members of the Congress Working Committee. AICC is responsible for decision-making and policy formulation for the party at the national level. It also sets the party's agenda and strategies for national and state-level elections.
Grande Écurie
The Grande Écurie (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d ekyʁi], Great Stable) is a building located in Versailles (Yvelines), on the Place d'Armes, opposite the Palace, between the avenues of Saint-Cloud and Paris. Together with the Petite Écurie (literal French for "The Small Stable"), it formed the Royal Stables (an institution that employed around a thousand people under Louis XIV), and was built under the direction of architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart and completed in 1682.

Equipped with a riding hall, it housed the king's hunting and war horses.

Saint-Cloud
Saint-Cloud (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ klu]) is a French commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France, 10 kilometres (6 miles) from the centre of Paris. Like other communes of Hauts-de-Seine such as Marnes-la-Coquette, Neuilly-sur-Seine and Vaucresson, Saint-Cloud is one of France's wealthiest towns, with the second-highest average household income of communities with 10,000 to 50,000 households.

Saint-Cloud is home to the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM), located in the Parc de Saint-Cloud's Pavillon de Breteuil.
2016 Maine Senate election
The 2016 Maine State Senate election was held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016, with the primary election being held on June 14, 2016, to elect the 128th Maine Senate. Voters in all 35 districts of the Maine State Senate will elect their senators. The election coincided with the elections for other offices, including for President, U.S. House and the Maine House of Representatives.

Dana Dow
Dana L. Dow is an American politician from Maine. Dow served as a Republican State Senator from Maine's 20th District, where he represented most of Lincoln County, including his residence in Waldoboro. He graduated from the first class of Medomak Valley High School in 1969. He graduated from the University of Southern Maine. He was first elected to the Maine State Senate in 2004. He served a term (2010–12) in the Maine House of Representatives.

In February 2012, Dow sought his old Senate seat following the resignation of David Trahan. He was defeated by Chris Johnson.

He lives in Waldoboro, Maine.

Dana Dow was re-elected to the Maine State Senate in 2016, by defeating incumbent Senator Chris Johnson.  After his reelection in 2018, he was chosen by the Republican senate caucus to be Senate Minority Leader.

He was defeated by then state Representative Chloe Maxmin in November 2020.
Himmelstalundshallen
Himmelstalundshallen is an indoor arena in Norrköping, Sweden. It is home arena for the ice hockey team HC Vita Hästen and holds 4,280 people. Construction was completed on 4 October 1977 and the arena was inaugurated with a ceremony lasting for three days between 7–9 October the same year. On 29 November that year, an indoor soccer competition was played in Himmelstalundshallen, won by Hammarby IF.

The arena hosted the preliminary games of group B at the men's FIBA European Basketball Championship in September 2003.

EuroBasket 2003
The 2003 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 2003, was the 33rd FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship held by FIBA Europe, which also served as the Europe qualifier for the 2004 Summer Olympics, giving a berth to the top three teams in the final standings. It was held in Sweden between 5 September and 14 September 2003. Sixteen national teams entered the event under the auspices of FIBA Europe, the sport's regional governing body. The cities of Borås, Luleå, Norrköping, Södertälje and Stockholm hosted the tournament. Lithuania won its third FIBA European title by defeating Spain with a 93–84 score in the final. Lithuania's Šarūnas Jasikevičius was voted the tournament's MVP.
Karašica (Danube)
Karašica (Croatian: Karašica, Hungarian: Karasica) or Baranjska Karašica or Karassó is a river in southern Hungary and eastern Croatia. It is 81 kilometres (50 mi) long, of which 30.46 km (18.93 mi) in Croatia. Its basin covers a total of 910 km2 (350 sq mi).

Karašica rises in the southern slopes of the Mecsek mountain in southern Hungary, near the village of Erdősmecske. It flows towards the south into a plain, through Szederkény, and its flow is regulated by man. It continues on through Villány, turns southeast and enters Croatia near the village of Luč and meanders in Baranja in an eastward direction. It passes near Popovac and Draž and flows into the Danube north of Batina.

Mecsek
Mecsek (Hungarian: [ˈmɛt͡ʃɛk]; Croatian: Meček; Serbian: Meček or Мечек; German: Metscheck) is a mountain range in southern Hungary. It is situated in the Baranya region, in the north of the city of Pécs.
Standing on Higher Ground
"Standing on Higher Ground" is a song by the British progressive rock band The Alan Parsons Project from their 1986 album Gaudi, where it was included as the fourth track on the album. It was written by Alan Parsons and Eric Woolfson and features Geoff Barradale on lead vocals. "Standing on Higher Ground" was released as a single in 1987 and reached No. 3 on the US Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart.

Alan Parsons
Alan Parsons OBE (born 20 December 1948) is an English audio engineer, songwriter, musician, singer and record producer.

Parsons was the sound engineer on albums including the Beatles' Abbey Road (1969) and Let It Be (1970), Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon (1973), and the eponymous debut album by Ambrosia in 1975. Parsons's own group, The Alan Parsons Project, as well as his subsequent solo recordings, have also been commercially successful. He has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards, with his first win occurring in 2019 for Best Immersive Audio Album for Eye in the Sky (35th Anniversary Edition).
Brian Wright (Scottish footballer)
Brian Wright (born 5 October 1958 in Drumchapel) is a Scottish former football player and manager. Wright played for Hamilton Academical, Motherwell, Clydebank, Partick Thistle and Queen of the South. After retiring as a player he managed Clydebank.

Hamilton Academical F.C.
Hamilton Academical Football Club, often known as Hamilton Accies, or The Accies, is a Scottish football club from Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, who currently compete in Scottish League One. They were established in 1874 from the school football team at Hamilton Academy and remain the only professional club in British football to have originated from a school team. Hamilton have won the Scottish Challenge Cup three times and have finished runners-up in the Scottish Cup twice. The club play their home games at Broadwood Stadium.
Anthony Tuggle
Anthony Ivan Tuggle (born September 13, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL) in 1985 and 1987. Tuggle was selected 97th overall in the fourth round of the 1985 NFL draft by the Cincinnati Bengals. He was also a fifth round (64th overall) selection of the Los Angeles Express in the 1985 USFL draft.

Tuggle began his college football career with the Southern Jaguars before transferring to the Nicholls State Colonels. He played high school football at Baker High School in Baker, Louisiana.

Nicholls Colonels football
The Nicholls Colonels football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Nicholls State University located in Thibodaux, Louisiana, United States. The team competes in the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) and are members of the Southland Conference. Nicholls' first football team was fielded in 1972. The team plays its home games at the 10,500 seat Manning Field at John L. Guidry Stadium in Thibodaux, Louisiana. The Colonels are coached by Tommy Rybacki.
Norma Carranza
Norma Carranza De León is a Puerto Rican politician from the New Progressive Party (PNP). She served as member of the Senate of Puerto Rico from 1993 to 2001. He has a Bachelor's degree in Sciences of the nutrition from the University of Puerto Rico, a master's degree in that subject at Tulane University School of Medicine, and a doctorate in medicine from Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo in 1975.

Carranza was elected to the Senate of Puerto Rico in the 1992 general election. She represented the District of Arecibo, along with Víctor Marrero Padilla. Carranza was reelected at the 1996 general election.

Carranza ran for a third term at the 2000 general elections, but was defeated by the candidates of the PPD.

Since her departure from Puerto Rican politics, Norma Carranza, returned to the private medical practice.

Puerto Rico senatorial district III
Puerto Rico senatorial district III, also known as the senatorial district of Arecibo, is one of the eight senatorial districts of Puerto Rico. It is currently represented by Elizabeth Rosa Vélez and Rubén Soto Rivera (both from the Popular Democratic Party).
Cycling at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Cycling at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games was the sixth appearance of Cycling at the Commonwealth Games. The events were held from 22 November to 1 December 1962.

The track events took place at Lake Monger Velodrome in Leederville, Western Australia, a 333 metre 37 degree banked track, while the road race consisted of 40 laps of a 3-mile circuit of Kings Park, Western Australia, although Pathé News states 117 miles.

Australia topped the cycling medal table, winning four of the five gold medals available.

Pathé News
Pathé News was a British-French producer of newsreels and documentaries from 1910 to 1970 in the United Kingdom. Its founder, Charles Pathé, was a pioneer of moving pictures in the silent era. The Pathé News archive is known today as "British Pathé". Its collection of news film and movies is fully digitised and available online.

Pathé News was a subsidiary of the French Pathé group, which today remains one of Europe’s leading film industry players.
Dynkin system
A Dynkin system, named after Eugene Dynkin, is a collection of subsets of another universal set  satisfying a set of axioms weaker than those of 𝜎-algebra.  Dynkin systems are sometimes referred to as 𝜆-systems (Dynkin himself used this term) or d-system. These set families have applications in measure theory and probability.

A major application of 𝜆-systems is the π-𝜆 theorem, see below.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Pirimicarb
Pirimicarb is a selective carbamate insecticide used to control aphids on vegetable, cereal and orchard crops by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity but does not affect useful predators such as ladybirds that eat them.  It was originally developed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd., now Syngenta, at their Jealott's Hill site and first marketed in 1969, four years after its discovery.

Jealott's Hill
Jealott's Hill is a village in the county of Berkshire, England, within the civil parish of Warfield. The settlement is on the A3095 road approximately  3 miles (5 km) north of Bracknell. The nearest railway station is in Bracknell.
Australian Archaeology
Australian Archaeology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Australian Archaeological Association. It was established in 1974 and covers all fields of archaeology as well as other subjects that are relevant to archaeological research and practice in Australia and nearby areas. The journal uses a broad definition of archaeology to include prehistoric, historic, and contemporary periods and includes social, biological, and cultural anthropology, history, Aboriginal studies, environmental science, and other related areas. As of December 2021 the editors are Sean Ulm and Annie Ross assisted by associate editor Ariana Lambrides and book review editor Mirani Litster.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
Turbio River (Patagonia)
The Turbio River (or Rio Turbio in Spanish) rises in a mountainous region of the Argentine Andes.

It discharges to the Gallegos River.

Río Turbio headwaters are in a part of the Andes where there is no central valley, or gap between the eastern and western ridges.  Not far from its mouth to the northwest lies the Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument, where remains of the extinct giant sloth have been discovered, along with evidence of habitation by early man c. 10,000 BC.

Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument
Cueva del Milodón Natural Monument is a Natural Monument located in the Chilean Patagonia, 24 km (15 mi) northwest of Puerto Natales and 270 km (168 mi) north of Punta Arenas.

The monument is situated along the flanks of Cerro Benitez.  It comprises several caves and a rock formation called Silla del Diablo (Devil's Chair). The monument includes a cave which is notable for the discovery in 1895 of skin, bones and other parts of a ground sloth called Mylodon darwini, from which the cave takes its name. It is also part of the End of the World Route, a scenic touristic route.
Cabinet Wulff I
The Cabinet Wulff I was the state government of the German state of Lower Saxony from 4 March 2003 until 26 February 2008. The Cabinet was headed by Minister President Christian Wulff and was formed by the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party.

On 4 March 2003 Wulff was elected and sworn in as Minister President by the Landtag of Lower Saxony, after Wulff's winning of the 2003 Lower Saxony state election.

2003 Lower Saxony state election
The 2003 Lower Saxony state election was held on 2 February 2003 to elect the members of the 15th Landtag of Lower Saxony. The incumbent Social Democratic Party (SPD) majority government led by Minister-President Sigmar Gabriel was defeated. The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) came up one seat short of a majority, and formed a coalition with the Free Democratic Party (FDP). CDU leader Christian Wulff was subsequently elected minister-president.