hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Panaro (surname)
Panaro is an Italian surname.

Alessandra Panaro (1939–2019), Italian film actress

Hugh Panaro (born 1964), American tenor singer

Manuel Panaro (born 2002), Argentine footballer

Nicola Panaro (born 1968), Italian camorrista

Hugh Panaro
Hugh Panaro (born February 19, 1964) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for his work in Broadway stage musicals, most well known for his role in The Phantom of the Opera, being in over 2,000 performances in the Broadway production.

His most recent stage performances have been Off-Broadway as the title role in the 2018 revival of Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street and in 2025 he reprised his role of The Phantom in the immersive revival in New York City.
Christophe Guilloteau
Christophe François Michel Guilloteau (French pronunciation: [kʁistɔf ɡijɔto]; born 18 June 1958) is a French politician who has served as President of the Departmental Council of Rhône since 2015. A member of The Republicans (LR), he also represented the 10th constituency of Rhône in the National Assembly from 2003 to 2017.

Guilloteau was first elected to the General Council of Rhône for the canton of Saint-Genis-Laval in 2008. In 2015, he was elected to the newly-named Departmental Council of Rhône for the newly-created canton of Brignais. These elections were the first in Rhône following the establishment of the Metropolis of Lyon on 1 January 2015 and the abolishment of the cantons therein.

Prior to his election to the General Council, Guilloteau was a municipal councillor in Belleville (1983–1995) and in Vaugneray (2001–2003). He was also a member of the Regional Council of Rhône-Alpes from 1998 to 2008.

Rhône's 10th constituency
The 10th constituency of the Rhône (French: Dixième circonscription du Rhône) is a French legislative constituency in the Rhône département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using a two round electoral system.
Amioun
Amioun (Arabic: أميون, romanized: Amyūn; Greek: Αμιούν) is the capital of the predominantly Greek Orthodox Koura District (from the Greek word χώρα (Khôra) which etymologically means "space," "place," "land," or "region") in North Lebanon. The town belongs to the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Tripoli and Al-Koura (Arabic: أبـرشـيّـة طـرابـلـس والكـورة وتوابعهما; Greek: Ιερά Μητρόπολις Τριπόλεως και Χώρας).

Lebanese Americans
Lebanese Americans (Arabic: أميركيون لبنانيون, romanized: Amrīkiyyūn Lubnāniyyūn) are Americans of Lebanese descent. This includes both native-born Americans and immigrants from Lebanon.

Lebanese Americans comprise 0.79% of the American population, as of the American Community Survey estimations for year 2007, and 32.4% of all Americans who originate from the Middle East. Lebanese Americans have had significant participation in American politics and involvement in both social and political activism.  The diversity within the region sprouted from the diaspora of the surrounding countries. There are more Lebanese outside Lebanon today than within.
NCAA Season 99 volleyball tournaments
The NCAA Season 99 volleyball tournaments are  the volleyball tournaments of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) for its 2023–24 season. University of Perpetual Help System DALTA is hosting the tournament for the men's and women's division, and Arellano University is hosting the tournament for the boys' and girls division.

The seniors' tournament began on April 7, 2024.

The high school boys' and girls' tournaments began on April 8, 2024.

Louie Ramirez (volleyball)
Louie Ramirez (born April 14, 2000) is a Filipino volleyball player. He played as an Outside Hitter and Opposite Hitter for the Perpetual Altas in the NCAA. He is currently playing for Cignal HD Spikers in the Spikers' Turf.
Lugenda River
The Lugenda or Lujenda (alternate: Msambiti River) is a river of northern Mozambique. It flows in a south-north direction from Lake Amaramba/Lake Chiuta and is the largest tributary of the Ruvuma River. It joins the Luambala River at 13°26′12″S 36°18′20″E﻿ / ﻿13.43667°S 36.30556°E﻿ / -13.43667; 36.30556. The river valley is reported to be only 800 feet (240 m) above sea level. North of Lake Chiuta, those on the west bank call it the Msambiti River. At one point, the Lugenda splits into several streams with islands between them, some of whom are populated such as the island Achemponda.

Elephants loom large in the life of people of the Lugenda River Valley. The tribal people, inhabiting the river valley for several thousand years, are mainly the Yao and Makua tribals. Other groups residing here are Ngoni, Marave and Matambwe people.

Makua people
The Makua people, also known as Makhuwa or Wamakua, are a Bantu ethnic group found in northern Mozambique and the southern border provinces of Tanzania such as the Mtwara Region. They are the largest ethnic group in Mozambique, and primarily concentrated in a large region to the north of the Zambezi River.

They are studied by sociologists in four geographical and linguistic sub-divisions: the lower or Lolo Makua, the upper or Lomwe Makua, the Maua and the Niassa Makua or Medo. They speak variants of the Makua language, also called Emakua, and this is a Bantu-group language. The total Makua population is estimated to be about 3.5 million of which over 1 million speak the lower (southern) dialect and about 2 million the upper (northern, Lomwe) version; given the large region and population, several ethnic groups that share the region with the Makua people also speak the Emakua.
ML-SA1
ML-SA1 is a chemical compound which acts as an "agonist" (i.e. channel opener) of the TRPML family of calcium channels. It has mainly been studied for its role in activating TRPML1 channels, although it also shows activity at the less studied TRPML2 and TRPML3 subtypes. TRPML1 is important for the function of lysosomes, and ML-SA1 has been used to study several disorders resulting from impaired lysosome function, including mucolipidosis type IV and Niemann-Pick's disease type C, as well as other conditions such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease.

Mucolipidosis type IV
Mucolipidosis type IV (ML IV, ganglioside sialidase deficiency, or ML4) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. Individuals with the disorder have many symptoms including delayed psychomotor development and various ocular aberrations. The disorder is caused by mutations in the MCOLN1 gene, which encodes a non-selective cation channel, mucolipin1. These mutations disrupt cellular functions and lead to a neurodevelopmental disorder through an unknown mechanism. Researchers dispute the physiological role of the protein product and which ion it transports.
Social Movement Studies
Social Movement Studies is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering social science research on protests, social movements, and collective behavior, including reviews of books on these topics. It was established in 2002 as a biannual journal by founding co-editors Tim Jordan, Adam Lent, and George McKay, soon to be joined by Anne Mische, and is published by Routledge. The current editor-in-chief is Cristina Flesher Fominaya (Aarhus University) . Previous editors-in-chief include and Kevin Gillan (University of Manchester), Graeme Hayes (Aston University) and Brian Doherty (Keele University).

In 2017 the journal was listed by Stefan Berger and Holger Nehrin, in their book The History of Social Movements in Global Perspective, as one of the "main academic journals" in the field of social movement studies, alongside Mobilization and the open access Interface: A Journal for and About Social Movements.

Stefan Berger (historian)
Stefan Berger (born 1964) is the Director of the Institute for Social Movements, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany, and Chairman of the committee of the Library of the Ruhr Foundation. He is Professor of Social History at the Ruhr University. He specializes in nationalism and national identity studies, historiography and historical theory, comparative labour studies, and the history of industrial heritage.
William G. S. Cadogan
Major William George Sydney Cadogan MVO (31 January 1879 – 12 November 1914) was a British Army officer killed in the First World War. A son of the 5th Earl Cadogan, he had previously served in the Boer War, and was equerry to the Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) from 1912 to 1914. He also played a single match of first-class cricket, for the Europeans team in the 1904 Bombay Presidency Match.

Europeans cricket team
The Europeans cricket team was an Indian first-class cricket team which took part in the annual Bombay Tournament and Lahore Tournament.  The team was founded by members of the European community in Bombay who played cricket at the Bombay Gymkhana.

The Europeans were involved in the Bombay tournament from its outset in 1877, when they accepted a challenge from the Parsis cricket team to a two-day match.  At this time, the competition was known as the Presidency Match.  They played first-class matches from 1892 to 1948.

There was also a European team composed of European cricketers from Madras Presidency who played in the Madras Presidency Matches.
Epicoma melanosticta
Epicoma melanosticta is a moth of the family Notodontidae first described by Edward Donovan in 1805. It is found in Australia, including Tasmania.

The wingspan is about 30 mm.

The larvae feed on Calothamnus validus, Calothamnus homalophyllus and Leptospermum species.

Edward Donovan
Edward Donovan (1768 – 1 February 1837) was an Anglo-Irish writer, natural history illustrator, and amateur zoologist. He did not travel, but collected, described and illustrated many species based on the collections of other naturalists. His many books were successful in his time. He died penniless in 1837 leaving a large family destitute.
Bagnaskali Rural Municipality
Bagnaskali Rural Municipality (Nepali :वगनासकाली गाउँपालिका) is a Gaunpalika in Palpa District in Lumbini Province of Nepal. On 12 March 2017, the government of Nepal implemented a new local administrative structure, with the implementation of the new local administrative structure, VDCs have been replaced with municipal and Village Councils. Bagnaskali is one of these 753 local units.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Susan Hirsch
Susan F. Hirsch is a legal anthropologist whose work has specialized in the study of legal language.  She is a professor of conflict resolution and anthropology at George Mason University, where she holds the Vernon M. and Minnie I. Lynch Chair in the Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter School for Peace and Conflict Resolution.

Hirsch is a graduate of Yale University, and has a PhD in anthropology from Duke University. She has served as editor of the Political and Legal Anthropology Review and as president of the Association for Political and Legal Anthropology.

American Anthropological Association
The American Anthropological Association (AAA) is an American organization of scholars and practitioners in the field of anthropology. With 10,000 members, the association, based in Arlington, Virginia, includes archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, biological (or physical) anthropologists, linguistic anthropologists, linguists, medical anthropologists and applied anthropologists in universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, museums, corporations and non-profits throughout the world. The AAA publishes more than 20 peer-reviewed scholarly journals, available in print and online through AnthroSource. The AAA was founded in 1902.
John McKinney
John McKinney is the name of:

John McKinney, winner of the 19th Scripps National Spelling Bee in 1946

John McKinney (Florida judge), United States federal judge

John T. McKinney (1785–1837), Indiana Supreme Court judge

John P. McKinney, Connecticut State Senator

John McKinney (Michigan politician), Michigan Secretary of State and Treasurer

John F. McKinney (1827–1903), U.S. Representative from Ohio

John R. McKinney (1921–1997), Medal of Honor in World War II during the campaign to recapture the Philippines from Japanese forces in 1945

19th Scripps National Spelling Bee
The 19th Scripps National Spelling Bee was held in Washington, District of Columbia on May 24, 1946, sponsored by the E.W. Scripps Company. There had been no National Spelling Bee since 1942 due to World War II.

There were 29 contestants, ranging in age from 11 to 14. The winner was 13-year-old John McKinney of Woodbine, Iowa, correctly spelling flaccid, followed by semaphore. Mary McCarthy of New York placed second, missing flaccid, followed by Leslie Dean, 12, of New Jersey in third. 10-year-old Jay Noble of Staten Island, New York placed fourth.

The first place prize was a $500 bond (plus $150 in cash).
A Pittance of Time
"A Pittance of Time" is a 2002 Canadian folk song by Terry Kelly and produced by Jefter Publishing – SOCAN. Kelly's intent in writing the song was to remind people to observe the two-minute silence on Remembrance Day, after a man in the same shop as him failed to do so.

Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada
The Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada (SOCAN) is a Canadian nonprofit performance rights organization that represents the performing rights of more than 175,000 songwriters, composers and music publishers. The organization collects license fees through a music licensing program approved by the Copyright Board of Canada.

The Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame and the SOCAN Foundation are divisions of SOCAN. The Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame works to "honour and celebrate Canadian songwriters, and those who have dedicated their lives to the legacy of music, and to educate the public about their achievements", while the SOCAN Foundation provides awards, grant funding, and programs for Canadian musicians.
Torgu Parish
Torgu Parish was a rural municipality at the tip of the Sõrve Peninsula on the island of Saaremaa in western Estonia. It is a part of Saare County.

This parish consisted of 22 villages. The municipality had a population of 375 (as of 1 January 2006) and covered an area of 126.44 km².

During the administrative-territorial reform in 2017, all 12 municipalities on the island Saaremaa were merged into a single municipality – Saaremaa Parish.

The Parish has achieved when it was claimed by a Micronation known as the Kingdom of Torgu in 1992.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (/ˈsɑːrəmɑː/; Estonian: [ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː]) is the largest and most populous island in Estonia. Measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi), its population is 31,435 (as of January 2020). The main island of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago), it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island and northwest of the Gulf of Riga. The administrative centre of the island, and of the Saare maakond (county), is the town of Kuressaare.

From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, the island of Saaremaa was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Ösel.
Los Lobos del Este de Los Angeles
Los Lobos del Este de Los Angeles (Just another band from East L.A.) is the debut album by the American band Los Lobos, at the time known as Los Lobos del Este de Los Angeles. It was self-released by the band in early 1978 and features mostly traditional Mexican folk music. The album was recorded live to 16-track and represented the band's live repertoire at the time, which included their original song, "Flor de Huevo", an instrumental written by guitarist David Hidalgo. It was reissued on CD in 2000 by Hollywood Records with one bonus track.

Hollywood Records
Hollywood Records is an American record label owned by the Disney Music Group which focuses on pop, rock, alternative, hip hop and country genres, also specializing in recordings for a more mature audience not suitable for the flagship Walt Disney Records label.

Founded in December 1989, its current roster includes Sofia Carson, Tini, Kevin Jonas, Area21, Queen, Little Image, Almost Monday, Joywave, Andy Grammer, Adrian Lyles, Freya Skye, and Kenzie. The label also releases soundtrack albums and digital releases from Marvel Studios, 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, ABC, National Geographic, Hulu, 20th Television, Freeform, FX Productions, and ESPN since their acquisitions by The Walt Disney Company.
Like Humans Do
"Like Humans Do" is the fourth track from American musician David Byrne's sixth studio album Look into the Eyeball and was also released as a single in 2001. Most notably, the radio edit version of the song (which omits the line referring to cannabis) was selected by Microsoft as the sample music for Windows XP to demonstrate the new Windows Media Player, though it was only included in early releases of the operating system. It was also included as a sample track on the Rio Karma media player.

The song was also featured on Byrne's 2007 live album Live from Austin, Texas and 2004's Live at Union Chapel. In the latter film, he explains that the song is about trying to love human beings despite their failings, by taking a "Martian's perspective" on humanity and trying to accept them for what they are.

Rio Karma
The Rio Karma is a digital audio player originally made by the now-defunct Rio. It was released in August 2003. It measures 2.7 × 3 × 0.9 inches (6.9 × 7.6 × 2.3 cm) and weighs 5.5 ounces (160 grams). It has a 20 gigabyte (18.6 gibibyte) hard drive. The Karma is notable for its support of Ogg Vorbis and FLAC playback in addition to the usual MP3 and WMA formats, however it will not play MP2 format. It also bears the distinction of supporting file transfers via Ethernet through its docking station, as well as the standard USB 2.0. It is not supported as a plug and play removable drive, although the program Rio Taxi does allow any data to be stored. Like many Rio players, the Karma's firmware features a 5-band parametric equalizer, cross-fader, true gapless playback, animated menus, dynamic playlist generation and visualizations.
Justin Levens
Justin Robert Levens (April 18, 1980 – December 17, 2008) was an American mixed martial artist. A professional competitor from 2004 until 2007, he competed for the UFC, the WEC, the Palace Fighting Championship, and for the Southern California Condors of the IFL.

Levens and his wife died from gunshot wounds in mid-December 2008. The incident is a murder-suicide, according to law enforcement officials.

World Extreme Cagefighting
World Extreme Cagefighting (WEC) was an American mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion founded in 2001. It was purchased by Zuffa, LLC, the parent company of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), in 2006.  In its final incarnation, it was made up of 3 weight classes: 135 lb (61 kg), 145 lb (66 kg) and 155 lb (70 kg). To accommodate the smaller fighters, WEC's cage was 25 feet (7.6 m) in diameter—5 feet (1.5 m) smaller than the standard UFC cage.  The smaller cage is now used by UFC for selected events.
Rhenald Kasali
Rhenald Kasali (born in Jakarta, August 13, 1960) is an academic and businessman from Indonesia. He is a Management Science professor (Guru Besar) at the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Indonesia. Kasali was confirmed as a professor on July 4, 2009.

University of Indonesia
The University of Indonesia (UI; Indonesian: Universitas Indonesia) is a public university in Depok, West Java and Salemba, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is one of the oldest tertiary-level educational institutions in Indonesia (known as the Dutch East Indies when UI was established), and is generally considered one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia, along with the Gadjah Mada University and Bandung Institute of Technology. In the 2024 QS World Universities Ranking, UI is ranked 1st in Indonesia, 49th in Asia and 237th in the world.
28th Gawad Urian Awards
The 28th Gawad Urian Awards (Filipino: Ika-30 na Gawad Urian) is held on June 4, 2005. It honors the best Philippine films of 2004. Dominated mostly by independent films, the ceremony was hosted by lPia Guanio, Michael V. and Janno Gibbs held at AFP Theater of Camp Aguinaldo in Quezon City.

Panaghoy sa Suba dominated the ceremony with 6 awards including Best Picture, Best Director and Best Actor, out of 11 nominations. The event ceremony was broadcast by RPN 9. Established in 1976, the Gawad Urian Awards highlights the best of Philippine cinema as decided by the Filipino Film Critics.

Camp Aguinaldo
Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo (CGEA; formerly Camp Murphy), also known as Camp Aguinaldo, is the site of the general headquarters (GHQ) of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP).

It is located in Quezon City along EDSA, a major thoroughfare of the metropolis, to which it is across Camp Crame, the national headquarters (NHQ) of the Philippine National Police (PNP). The military installation is named after Philippine revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo, who became the first Philippine president and fought in the Philippine Revolution, the Spanish–American War, and the Philippine–American War.
Richard Baker (cricketer)
Richard Kenneth Baker (born 28 April 1952 in Essex) is an English former cricketer who played for Essex in 1972 and for Cambridge University in 1973 and 1974. He appeared in 20 first-class matches as a right-handed batsman who kept wicket. He scored 505 runs with a highest score of 59* and completed 25 catches with one stumping.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Clostridial vaccine
A clostridial vaccine is a vaccine for sheep and cattle that protects against diseases caused by toxins produced by an infection with one or more Clostridium bacteria. Clostridial vaccines are often administered to pregnant ewes a few weeks before they are due to give birth, in order to give passive immunity to their lambs. Clostridial bacteria multiply rapidly in infected sheep, and produce large amounts of toxin which can cause the sheep to die within hours.

Clostridial vaccines can contain anti-toxins to one or more endotoxins produced by the following bacteria:

Clostridium chauvoei

Clostridium haemolyticum

Clostridium novyi

Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium septicum

Clostridium sordellii

Clostridium tetani

Clostridial vaccines which protect sheep against multiple clostridial diseases have been available since the 1950s.

Clostridium tetani
Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and the causative agent of tetanus. Vegetative cells of Clostridium tetani are usually rod-shaped and up to 2.5 μm long, but they become enlarged and tennis racket- or drumstick-shaped when forming spores. C. tetani spores are extremely hardy and can be found globally in soil or in the gastrointestinal tract of animals. If inoculated into a wound, C. tetani can grow and produce a potent toxin, tetanospasmin, which interferes with motor neurons, causing tetanus. The toxin's action can be prevented with tetanus toxoid vaccines, which are often administered to children worldwide.