hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor
The assistant secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor is the head of the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor within the United States Department of State.  The assistant secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor reports to the under secretary foreign assistance, humanitarian affairs and religious freedom.

Under Secretary of State for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights
The under secretary for civilian security, democracy, and human rights is a position within the U.S. Department of State that leads the State Department's efforts to prevent and counter threats to civilian security. The under secretary oversees the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, the Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations, the Bureau of Global Health Security and Diplomacy, the Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration, the Office of Global Criminal Justice, and the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons.

Previously known as the under secretary for democracy and global affairs, the position was renamed in 2012, during the Obama administration.

On April 22, 2025, Secretary of State Marco Rubio said that the position will be abolished.
Baher El Mohamady
Baher Mohamed Moursi El Mohamady (Arabic: باهر محمد مرسي المحمدي; born 26 December 1996), is an Egyptian footballer who plays for Egyptian Premier League side Ismaily and the Egyptian national team as a defender.

El Mohamady is a player of the Ismaily youth system. He earned his first international cap against Niger on 8 September 2018.

Egypt national football team
The Egypt national football team (Egyptian Arabic: منتخب مصر لكرة القدم), nicknamed The Pharaohs (Egyptian Arabic: الفراعنة), represents Egypt in men's international football, and is governed by the Egyptian Football Association (EFA), the governing body of football in Egypt.

Egypt is Africa's oldest national football team and has won the Africa Cup of Nations a record seven times. The team has made three appearances in the FIFA World Cup and was the first-ever African and Middle Eastern team to make such an appearance.

Internationally, Egypt earned the honour of becoming a bronze medalist at the 2001 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Argentina.
Operation Kosmaj
Operation Kosmaj, also known as the Blockade of Kosmaj or Operation Bader, was the first anti-guerrilla operation conducted by the Wehrmacht in occupied Serbia, aimed against the Yugoslav Partisans on Kosmaj mountain, near Belgrade.

It took place from 7 to 9 August 1941, at the very beginning of the uprising in Serbia. The total number of German and Serbian troops engaged in the operation is roughly estimated between 3,000 and 8,000 soldiers and officers, supported by tanks. In contrast, the Kosmaj Partisan Detachment at the end of July had around 94 fighters.

Mladenovac
Mladenovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Младеновац, pronounced [mlâde̞nɔ̝v̞at͡s]) is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2024 census results, the municipality has a population of 56,389 inhabitants, while the urban area has 22,346 inhabitants.
Svetozar Đanić
Svetozar Đanić (Serbian Cyrillic: Светозар Ђанић; 1 April 1917 – 18 June 1941) was a Croatian and Yugoslav footballer who played for Yugoslavia and Croatia national teams. He was also known as Milan or Cveta.

Yugoslavia national football team
The Yugoslavia national football team represented Yugoslavia in international association football.

Although the team mainly represented the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the post-war SFR Yugoslavia, various iterations of the state were formally constituted in football, including the:

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1929)

Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–1945)

Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (1945)

Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (1945–1963)

Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1963–1992)

It enjoyed success in international competition, reaching the semi-finals at the 1930 and 1962 FIFA World Cups. In 1992, during the Yugoslav wars, the team was suspended from international competition as part of the United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia.
Aguilas de Tabasco
Aguilas De Tabasco is a Mexican football club that plays in the Tercera División de México. The club is based in Villahermosa, Tabasco, México.

The club is an affiliate of Liga MX side Club América for the state of Tabasco. It won only one of its first 25 matches in the 2009–10 Tercera División, Group I season, and suffered a heavy 6–0 defeat to Petroleros. The club was suspended by the FMF following financial problems in the 2010–11 season, but was re-admitted to the Tercera División, Group I for the 2011–12 season.

Mexican Football Federation
The Mexican Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Mexicana de Fútbol Asociación, A.C.), abbreviated as FMF, is the official governing body of football in Mexico. It administers the men's and women's national teams with all the youth teams, the national teams of futsal and beach soccer, the Liga MX with all the professional promotion divisions, all affiliated amateur sectors, and controls promoting, organizing, directing, expanding, and supervising competitive football in Mexico.

The FMF was established on 23 August 1927 to replace the Federación Central de Fútbol, the first president was Humberto Garza Ramos. It is an affiliate member of FIFA since 1929, and an affiliate founding member of CONCACAF since 1961. Subject to policies, statutes, objectives and ideals of those international governing bodies. Its headquarters are located in Toluca, State of Mexico.
Kartlewo
Kartlewo [karˈtlɛvɔ] (German: Kartlow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przybiernów, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north of Przybiernów, 27 km (17 mi) north of Goleniów, and 44 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

In the 960s the area became part of Poland after Mieszko I defeated the local Slavic tribes. From 1871 to 1945 the area was part of Germany. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 220.

Goleniów County
Goleniów County (Polish: powiat goleniowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Goleniów, which lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Nowogard, lying 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Goleniów, and Maszewo, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Goleniów.

The county covers an area of 1,616.99 square kilometres (624.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,738, out of which the population of Goleniów is 22,448, that of Nowogard is 16,745, that of Maszewo is 3,073, and the rural population is 36,472.
2017 Texas Longhorns baseball team
The 2017 Texas Longhorns baseball team represented the University of Texas at Austin during the 2017 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Longhorns played their home games at UFCU Disch–Falk Field as a member of the Big 12 Conference. They were led by head coach David Pierce, in his first season at Texas.

The Longhorns finished as the runner-up for the 2017 Big 12 Conference baseball tournament, then finished as runner-up to Long Beach State in the Long Beach Regional.

2017 Big 12 Conference baseball tournament
The 2017 Big 12 Conference baseball tournament was held from May 24 through 28 at Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.  The annual tournament determines the conference champion of the Division I Big 12 Conference for college baseball.  The winner of the tournament earned the league's automatic bid to the 2017 NCAA Division I baseball tournament.

The tournament has been held since 1997, the inaugural year of the Big 12 Conference.  Among current league members, Texas has won the most championships with five.  Among original members, Baylor and Kansas State have never won the event.  Iowa State discontinued its program after the 2001 season without having won a title.  Having joined in 2013, TCU won their first title in 2014 while West Virginia has yet to win the Tournament.
Hrib nad Ribčami
Hrib nad Ribčami (pronounced [ˈxɾiːp nat ˈɾiːptʃami]) is a settlement above Ribče in central Slovenia. It belongs to the Municipality of Moravče. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Municipality of Moravče
The Municipality of Moravče (pronounced [mɔˈɾaːu̯tʃɛ]; Slovene: Občina Moravče) is a municipality in the traditional region of Upper Carniola in central Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Moravče. Moravče became a municipality in 1994.
Lipovitan
Lipovitan (リポビタン, Ripobitan), marketed in some English-speaking countries under the name Libogen and Livita, is an energy drink manufactured by the Japanese company Taisho Pharmaceutical Co. and its licensee Osotspa. Widely available in Asia, it retails in brown-colored translucent 100 ml bottles and has a distinctive bright yellow color. Lipovitan is marketed to alleviate physical and mental fatigue.

Arginine
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H2N)(HN)CN(H)(CH2)3CH(NH2)CO2H.  The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO2−) and both the amino and guanidino groups are protonated, resulting in a cation. Only the l-arginine (symbol Arg or R) enantiomer is found naturally. Arg residues are common components of proteins. It is encoded by the codons CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG. The guanidine group in arginine is the precursor for the biosynthesis of nitric oxide. Like all amino acids, it is a white, water-soluble solid.

The one-letter symbol R was assigned to arginine for its phonetic similarity in English.
Ectatomin
Ectatomin is a protein toxin from the venom of the ant Ectatomma tuberculatum. Ectatomin can efficiently insert into the plasma membrane, where it can form channels. Ectatomin was shown to inhibit L-type calcium currents in isolated rat cardiac myocytes. In these cells, ectatomin induces a gradual, irreversible increase in ion leakage across the membrane, which can lead to cell death.

Ectatomin is composed of two subunits, A and B, which are homologous. The structure of ectatomin reveals that each subunit consists of two alpha helices with a connecting hinge region, which form a hairpin structure that is stabilized by disulfide bridges. A disulfide bridge between the hinge regions of the two subunits links the heterodimer together, forming a closed bundle of four alpha helices with a left-handed twist.

Toxin
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated. The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919), derived from toxic.

Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins that are capable of causing disease on contact with or absorption by body tissues interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. They vary greatly in their toxicity, ranging from usually minor (such as a bee sting) to potentially fatal even at extremely low doses (such as botulinum toxin).
Widemarsh Common
Widemarsh Common is a public open space in Hereford. It is owned by Herefordshire Council and is used primarily as a recreational ground for both cricket and football. It is the home pitch for Hereford Lads Club Cricket Club.

It was once the location for local cider firm W.M.Evans & Co who were eventually bought by Bulmers.  The location of the company premises is not entirely clear.

Saint John Kemble was hanged, drawn and quartered at the common on 22 August 1679.

Public open space
Public open space is often referred to by urban planners and landscape architects by the acronym 'POS'. Varied interpretations of the term are possible.

'Public' can mean:

owned by a national or local government body

owned by 'public' body (e.g. a not-for-profit organization) and held in trust for the public

owned by a private individual or organization but made available for public use or available public access, see privately owned public space (POPS)

'Open' can mean:

open for public access

open for public recreation

outdoors, i.e. not a space within a building

vegetated

Depending on which of these definitions are adopted, any of the following could be called Public Open Space:

a public park

a town square

a greenway which is open to the public but runs through farmland or a forest

a public highway

a private road with public access
Aki Seitsonen
Aki Seitsonen (born February 5, 1986) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey player. He was selected by the Calgary Flames in the 4th round (108th overall) of the 2004 NHL Entry Draft.

Seitsonen played in the SM-liiga with both HPK and Lukko during the 2009–10.

HPK
Hämeenlinnan Pallokerho (HPK) is a professional ice hockey team in the Liiga, the top men's ice hockey league in Finland. Their home ice is the Ritari-areena in Hämeenlinna. HPK was established in 1929. The parent club of the team is HPK Edustusjääkiekko ry and the team is sometimes promoted as the "Hockey Playing Knights," with a logo representing a knight's helmet. HPK won their first SM-liiga championship in 2006 and the second in 2019.
Acleris holmiana
Acleris holmiana, the golden leafroller moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of Europe and Asia Minor.

The wingspan is about 10–15 mm. The forewings are suboblong, deep orange -ferruginous, yellower towards dorsum anteriorly, suffusedly streaked transversely with pale violet, sometimes mixed posteriorly with whitish and blackish scales. Tufts are absent and there is a triangular white often black-edged costal blotch beyond middle. The cilia are  ochreous-yellowish, on tornus dark grey. The hindwings are grey, darker posteriorly. The larva is yellowish with a pale brown head. Julius von Kennel provides a full description.

Adults are on wing from July to August. There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on a various rosaceous trees and shrubs including Crataegus, Rubus, Pyrus, Prunus, Cydonia, Rosa and Malus.

Malus
Malus (/ˈmeɪləs/ or /ˈmæləs/) is a genus of about 32–57 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples (sometimes known in North America as crabapples) and wild apples.

The genus is native to the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere.
Akihito Tsukushi
Shigeya Suzuki (鈴木茂也, Suzuki Shigeya, born May 5, 1979), more commonly known under his pseudonym Akihito Tsukushi (つくしあきひと, Tsukushi Akihito), is a Japanese illustrator, manga artist, and designer from Sagamihara, Kanagawa. Suzuki also goes by the name Ichimi Tokusa (とくさ一味, Tokusa Ichimi).

Sagamihara
Sagamihara (相模原市, Sagamihara-shi) is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of May 1, 2021, the city has an estimated population of 723,470, with 334,812 households, and a population density of 1,220 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 328.91 square kilometres (126.99 sq mi). Sagamihara is the third-most-populous city in the prefecture, after Yokohama and Kawasaki, and the fifth most populous suburb of the Greater Tokyo Area. Its northern neighbor is Machida, with which a cross-prefectural merger has been proposed.

On April 1, 2010, the city became the 19th city designated by government ordinance. As a result of this, three wards were established: Midori-ku, Chūō-ku and Minami-ku.
Anhydrotetracycline monooxygenase
In enzymology, an anhydrotetracycline monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.38) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

anhydrotetracycline + NADPH + H+ + O2  12-dehydrotetracycline + NADP+ + H2O

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are anhydrotetracycline, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 12-dehydrotetracycline, NADP+, and H2O.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is anhydrotetracycline,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (6-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include ATC oxygenase, and anhydrotetracycline oxygenase.  This enzyme participates in tetracycline biosynthesis and biosynthesis of type ii polyketide products.

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
Sébastien Turgot
Sébastien Turgot (born 11 April 1984) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2008 and 2016 for the Team Europcar and AG2R La Mondiale teams.

His biggest result came when he came in third in the 2008 Paris–Tours after leading in the last 100 metres, but was beaten by Philippe Gilbert of Française des Jeux and Jan Kuyckx of Landbouwkrediet–Tönissteiner. His third place was not expected by anybody but was a confirmation of his abilities, as demonstrated by his multiple French national track championship titles. In 2012, Turgot was runner-up in one of the most prestigious races of the cycling calendar, Paris–Roubaix.

Landbouwkrediet–Colnago
Crelan–Euphony (UCI team code: CRE) was a UCI Professional Continental cycling team based in Belgium that participated in UCI Continental Circuits races and when selected as a wildcard to UCI ProTour events. The team was managed by Gérard Bulens, with assistance from directeur sportifs Jef De Bilde, Claude Criquielion, Marco Saligari and Claude Van Collie.

Despite the fact that it was never a top team, they had a 3rd place in the GC of the 2003 Giro d'Italia, thanks to later Discovery Channel and Astana rider Yaroslav Popovych.

The team was sponsored by the Belgian companies Crelan, a bank, and Euphony, a telecommunications company.

The team folded at the end of the 2013 season, for financial reasons.
Monson Railroad
The Monson Railroad was a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge railway, which operated between Monson Junction on the Bangor and Aroostook Railroad and Monson, Maine.  The primary purpose of this railroad was to serve several slate mines and finishing houses in Monson. According to the Scientific American of 17 May 1890, it was the smallest railroad in the United States.

Equipment was never modernized, and the railroad used antique stub switches and link-and-pin couplers to the end of operations in 1943. The line was the last commercial carrier in the United States to use such couplers or to run above ground on a 2 ft (610 mm) gauge. (The 2 ft (610 mm) gauge Chicago Tunnel Company continued underground operation as a common carrier freight subway until 1959.)

2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways
Two foot and 600 mm gauge railways are narrow-gauge railways with track gauges of 2 ft (610 mm) and 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in), respectively. Railways with similar, less common track gauges, such as 1 ft 11+3⁄4 in (603 mm) and 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm), are grouped with 2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways.
Mehdin Hodžić
Mehdin Hodžić aka Kapetan Senad (October 15, 1957 – May 10, 1992) was a Bosnian military officer and a member of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. He was posthumously awarded the Order of Hero of the Liberation War and the Order of the Golden Lily. He was also called Kapetan Labud (Captain Swan) or Crni labud (Black Swan) while commanding the special forces Black Swans.

Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian: Armija Republike Bosne i Hercegovine; Cyrillic: Армија Републике Босне и Херцеговине; ARBiH), often referred to as Bosnian Army, was the military force of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was established by the government of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992 following the outbreak of the Bosnian War.

Following the end of the war, and the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement in 1995, it was transformed into the Army of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The ARBiH was the only military force on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina recognised as legal by other governments. Under the State Defense Reform Law the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina were unified into a single structure, the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (OSBiH), making entity armies defunct.
Muralt Wall
A muralt wall is a small wall on top of a dyke, that was used as an alternative and cheaper way of raising the dykes. A muralt wall consists of three or four horizontal concrete plates of about a meter high in between concrete uprights.

Muralt walls were invented by R.R.L. de Muralt, esq. who was head of technical service of the Schouwen water authority between 1903 and 1913. After the storm surge of 1906 de Muralt developed a cheap way to raise dykes without having to widen the dyke's body. Between 1906 and 1935 around 120 km of muralt walls were put into place, about a third of all Zeelandish coastal dykes at the time. However, during the North Sea flood of 1953 it turned out that they were not adequate. Because of this most Muralt walls were removed during the dyke heightening after 1953.

Around Wolphaartsdijk, the Rattekaai, Scharendijke, Kortgene and Terneuzen diverse remnants of the muralt walls have been preserved. These remnants have gained the status of rijksmonument.

Rijksmonument
A rijksmonument (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛiksmoːnyˌmɛnt] ⓘ, lit. 'state monument') is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

At the end of February 2015, the Netherlands had 61,822 listed national heritage sites, of which approximately 1,500 are listed as archaeological sites.
Craig Sherrin
Craig Arden Sherrin (born 16 February 1952) is a former Australian politician.

He was born in Maryborough to Arden Charles Sherrin and Beryl Joan, née Shaw. He attended various state schools and then Coorparoo State High School before attending the University of Queensland (Bachelor of Science, Diploma of Education, Bachelor and Master of Educational Studies, Master of Public Administration). He became a science teacher in 1976, and in 1983 was appointed a special duties officer with the Queensland Department of Education, winning a promotion to Assistant Director of Technology Services in 1986. A member of the National Party, he was elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly in 1986 as the member for Mansfield. In January 1989 he was appointed to the front bench as Minister for Family Services, but he ceased to hold the position in September. He lost his seat at the election in December 1989.

Department of Education (Queensland)
The Department of Education is a ministerial department of the Queensland Government responsible for the administration and quality of education in Queensland, Australia. The department is composed of two separate portfolios, Education Queensland and Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC). The department also encompasses the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority, a separate statutory authority responsible for creating syllabuses, curriculums, and assessment.