hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scalp reconstruction
Scalp reconstruction is a surgical procedure for people with scalp defects. Scalp defects may be partial or full thickness and can be congenital or acquired. Because not all layers of the scalp are elastic and the scalp has a convex shape, the use of primary closure is limited. Sometimes the easiest way of closing the wound may not be the ideal or best way. The choice for a reconstruction depends on multiple factors, such as the defect itself, the patient characteristics and surgeon preference.

Squamous-cell carcinoma
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC),  also known as epidermoid carcinoma, comprises a number of different types of cancer that begin in squamous cells. These cells form on the surface of the skin, on the lining of hollow organs in the body, and on the lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts.

The squamous-cell carcinomas of different body sites can show differences in their presented symptoms, natural history, prognosis, and response to treatment.
Trevor Cawood
Trevor Cawood (born March 27, 1974) is a Canadian filmmaker and visual effects artist, most noted as a two-time Emmy Award nominee for Outstanding Special Visual Effects.

Originally from Regina, Saskatchewan, he was educated at the University of Regina before moving to Vancouver, British Columbia, to study special effects at the Art Institute of Vancouver. He received his first Emmy nomination in 1999 for the television film Max Q, and his second in 2001 for the pilot episode of the television series Dark Angel.

In 2007 he released the short film Terminus, which was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's year-end Canada's Top Ten list, and won the Golden Sheaf Awards for Drama and Best of Festival at the 2008 Yorkton Film Festival.

Max Q (film)
Max Q, or Max Q: Emergency Landing, is a 1998  American science fiction television film directed by Michael Shapiro and written by Marty Kaplan and Robert J. Avrech. The film stars Bill Campbell, Paget Brewster, Ned Vaughn, Geoffrey Blake, Tasha Smith, Denis Arndt, Christopher John Fields, Kevin McNulty, Leslie Horan, Chris Ellis, and Greg Michaels. The film was produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Films and Touchstone Television and premiered on ABC on November 19, 1998.
Portrait of a Girl in Glass
“Portrait of a Girl in Glass” is a work of short fiction by Tennessee Williams, first appearing in the collection One Arm and Other Stories published in 1948 by New Directions.

The story is widely cited as a literary and autobiographical portrait from which Tennessee Williams developed his first successful stage play, The Glass Menagerie (1944).

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.
Astrometallurgy
Astrometallurgy is the study of mineral processing and metal extraction from extra-terrestrial resources including the Moon, Mars, asteroids, and other celestial bodies. A specialised form of extractive metallurgy, this discipline is closely linked to space in-situ resource utilisation (ISRU) or space resource utilisation (SRU).

Mineral processing
Mineral processing is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores in the field of extractive metallurgy. Depending on the processes used in each instance, it is often referred to as ore dressing or ore milling.

Beneficiation is any process that improves (benefits) the economic value of the ore by removing the gangue minerals, which results in a higher grade product (ore concentrate) and a waste stream (tailings). There are many different types of beneficiation, with each step furthering the concentration of the original ore. Key is the concept of recovery, the mass (or equivalently molar) fraction of the valuable mineral (or metal) extracted from the ore and carried across to the concentrate.

Processing of rare-earth minerals, often found in mineral sands, is often done by a mineral separation plant.
Røst Municipality
Røst is a small island municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Lofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Røstlandet on the island of Røstlandet.

The island municipality is very small and is essentially a large fishing village centered around Røstlandet. Many of the residents are involved in the fishing industry or support the industry. There are six fish farms in Røst. During the main fishing season, there can be up to 600 fishing boats based out of Røst.

The 10-square-kilometre (3+3⁄4 sq mi) municipality is the 354th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Røst Municipality is the 353rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 460. The municipality's population density is 45.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (118/sq mi), and its population has decreased by 18.7% over the previous 10-year period.

Black-legged kittiwake
The black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) is a seabird species in the gull family Laridae. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae as Larus tridactylus. The English name is derived from its call, a shrill 'kittee-wa-aaake, kitte-wa-aaake'. In North America, this species is known as the black-legged kittiwake to differentiate it from the red-legged kittiwake, but in Europe, where it is the only member of the genus, it is often known just as kittiwake.
Elizabeth Ethel Copeland
Elizabeth Ethel Copeland (1866–1957) was an American silversmith and enameler known for her silver-enameled boxes.

Copeland was born in Revere, Massachusetts in 1866. She attended Cowles Art School where she was taught by Amy Maria Sacker and Laurin Hovey Martin. At the turn of the century she came to the attention of Sarah Choate Sears, who sponsored Copeland on a trip to England where she studied enameling with Alexander Fisher (1864–1936).

Copeland had her own workshop on Boylston Street and earned a living as an artist. She was elected to The Society of Arts and Crafts of Boston in 1901. She exhibited at the 1915 Panama–Pacific International Exposition.

Craig died in 1957 in Boston, Massachusetts.

Her work is in the Art Institute of Chicago, the Brooklyn Museum, the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Panama–Pacific International Exposition
The Panama–Pacific International Exposition was a world's fair held in San Francisco, California, United States, from February 20 to December 4, 1915. Its stated purpose was to celebrate the completion of the Panama Canal, but it was widely seen in the city as an opportunity to showcase its recovery from the 1906 earthquake. The fair was constructed on a 636-acre (257-hectare) site along the northern shore, between the Presidio and Fort Mason, now known as the Marina District.
SK Shieldus
SK Shieldus Co., Ltd. (Korean: 에스케이쉴더스 주식회사), formerly SK Infosec, is a South Korea information security company established in 2000. It is a member of FIRST, having joined in 2005. The company was an affiliate of SK group, a South Korean business group. Its revenue comes from energy and chemical production, IT and telecommunication, and semiconductors. SK Infosec provides security consulting, managed security services, enterprise security solution, convergence security, and customer service. In

SK Infosec entered into a partnership agreement with CounterTack in 2013, and has signed an MOU with IBM to cooperate on cloud security services.

In 2023, SK Shieldus was acquired by EQT Partners, a Swedish investment firm, for USD 2.3 billion.

Cloud computing security
Cloud computing security or cloud security refers to a broad set of policies, technologies, applications, and controls used to protect virtualized IP, data, applications, services, and the associated infrastructure of cloud computing. It is a sub-domain of computer security, network security and, more broadly, information security.
South Omaha, Nebraska
South Omaha is a former city and current district of Omaha, Nebraska, United States. During its initial development phase, the town's nickname was "The Magic City" because of the seemingly overnight growth due to the rapid development of the Union Stockyards. Annexed by the City of Omaha in 1915, the community has numerous historical landmarks; many are within the South Omaha Main Street Historic District.

Government of Omaha
The government of the City of Omaha, Nebraska consists of the Mayor of Omaha, the Omaha City Council and various departments of the City of Omaha, which is located in Douglas County, Nebraska. The city of Omaha was founded in 1854 and incorporated in 1857.
Zinoviev
Zinoviev, Zinovyev, Zinovieff (Russian: Зино́вьев), or Zinovieva (feminine; Зино́вьева), as a Russian surname, derives from the personal name Zinovi, from Greek Zenobios.
Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Dmitrievich Zinoviev (1854–1931), Russian politician (Governor of St Petersburg) under Nicholas II

Alexander Zinoviev (1922–2006), Russian logician, sociologist, writer, and satirist

Grigory Zinoviev (1883–1936), Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician

Ivan Zinoviev (1905–1942), NKVD captain and Hero of the Soviet Union

Peter Zinovieff (1933–2021), British inventor

Lydia Zinovieva-Annibal (1866–1907), a Russian writer

Sauli Zinovjev (b. 1988), Finnish composer

Sergei Zinovjev (born 1980), Russian ice hockey player

Sofka Zinovieff (b. 1961), a British journalist and author

Nikolai Zinoviev, fictional character from the video game Resident Evil 3: Nemesis

Ivan Zinoviev
Ivan Dmitrievich Zinoviev (Russian: Иван Дмитриевич Зиновьев; 17 January 1905 – 1942) was a Red Army colonel and Hero of the Soviet Union. Zinoviev began his military service with the OGPU Border Troops and fought against the Basmachi. He was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin for his leadership of a border post during the Winter War. After Operation Barbarossa, Zinoviev became commander of the 393rd Rifle Division and led the division during the Barvenkovo-Lozovaya Operation but was captured and seriously wounded during the Second Battle of Kharkov. Zinoviev was sent to a concentration camp in Germany, then transferred to another camp in Norway, where he tried to escape and was shot.
Reynoldsburg-Paris Road
Reynoldsburg-Paris Road, in Benton County, Tennessee near Camden, Tennessee, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. It runs through woodland within the Nathan Bedford Forrest State Park.  It is a dirt-surfaced road about 10 to 18 feet wide.

It is a Trail of Tears site.

It was traversed by about 1,200 Cherokee led by John Benge in November 1838.  The section of roadbed "possesses a strong sense of time and place from the period of the Trail of Tears of 1838."

It preserves a section of the historic Renyoldsburg-Paris Road. The area includes a 1.3-mile section of intact road running from near the Tennessee River to Chestnut Hill Road.  The boundaries include the entire roadbed and all of the property tracts associated with the road.

The site includes one contributing structure, the road.

Tennessee River
The Tennessee River is a 652 mi (1,049 km) long river located in the southeastern United States. Flowing through the Tennessee Valley in the states of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and Kentucky, it begins at the confluence of French Broad and Holston rivers at Knoxville, and drains into the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky. It is the largest tributary of the Ohio, and drains a basin of 40,876 sq mi (105,870 km2).

Its tributary, the Little Tennessee River, flows into it from Western North Carolina and northeastern Georgia.
WinDbg
WinDbg is a multipurpose debugger for the Microsoft Windows computer operating system, distributed by Microsoft. It can be used to debug user mode applications, device drivers, and the operating system itself in kernel mode.

User space and kernel space
A modern computer operating system usually uses virtual memory to provide separate address spaces or regions of a single address space, called user space and kernel space. This separation primarily provides memory protection and hardware protection from malicious or errant software behaviour.

Kernel space is strictly reserved for running a privileged operating system kernel, kernel extensions, and most device drivers. In contrast, user space is the memory area where application software, daemons, and some drivers execute, typically with one address space per process.
Bierstadt Lake
Bierstadt Lake is located in Larimer County, Colorado and within the Rocky Mountain National Park. Near McHenrys Peak and Longs Peak, there are "spectacular views" of the Continental Divide at the lake. The Bierstadt Lake Trailhead is located about 6.5 miles (10.5 km) from the turn-off at U.S. Route 36 into the Rocky Mountain National Park. During the summer, shuttle buses provide transportation to the trailhead.

The lake sits atop a lateral moraine on the side and end of Bartholf Glacier and drains into Mill Creek. It is named for Albert Bierstadt, a noted landscape artist, whose 1870s paintings of Longs Peak and Bierstadt Lake are among the Denver Art Museum's collection.

Larimer County, Colorado
Larimer County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 359,066. The county seat and most populous city is Fort Collins. The county was named for William Larimer, Jr., the founder of Denver. Larimer County comprises the Fort Collins–Loveland metropolitan area. The county is located at the northern end of the Front Range, at the edge of the Colorado Eastern Plains along the border with Wyoming.
James Anderson (British author)
James Anderson (b. Swindon, Wiltshire 1936 – d. Penarth, Glamorganshire 2007) was a British author. He is best known for his books featuring Inspector Wilkins. Set in the 1930s, the action of the books takes place in a large fictional British estate, or stately home, belonging to George Henry Aylvin Saunders, the 12th Earl of Burford. The books are a humorous look at the Golden Age type of mystery, which feature whodunnits set during a house party, and contain joking references to Inspector Appleby, the detective created by Michael Innes, or Inspector Alleyn, created by Ngaio Marsh, and to the well-known private detective Hercule Poirot, invented by Agatha Christie.

Anderson also wrote novelizations based on the television series Murder, She Wrote.

He died in 2007 in Penarth, Vale of Glamorgan.

Roderick Alleyn
Roderick Alleyn (pronounced "Allen") is a fictional character who first appeared in 1934. He is the policeman hero of the 32 detective novels of Ngaio Marsh. Marsh and her gentleman detective belong firmly in the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, although the last Alleyn novel, Light Thickens, was published in 1982.

Marsh mentions in an introduction that she named her detective Alleyn after the Elizabethan actor Edward Alleyn, founder of Dulwich College, where her father had been a pupil. She started a novel with Alleyn in 1931, after reading a detective story by Agatha Christie or Dorothy L. Sayers on a wet Saturday afternoon in London and wondering if she could write something in the genre. So she bought six exercise books and a pencil at a local stationer and started A Man Lay Dead, involving a Murder Game, which was then popular at English weekend parties.
South Australian Railways 400 class
The South Australian Railways 400 class comprised ten 4-8-2+2-8-4 articulated steam locomotives built in France in 1952 and 1953 under licence to Beyer, Peacock & Co. Ltd, Manchester, UK. The locomotives mainly hauled ore on the 1067 mm (3 ft 6 in) narrow-gauge  line from the New South Wales/South Australia border to smelters at Port Pirie until 1963, when they were replaced by diesel locomotives. They also operated on the line to the break-of-gauge station at Terowie. Some locomotives were returned to service in 1969 while narrow gauge diesel locomotives were converted to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. Subsequently some were stored at Peterborough before being scrapped.

Two have been preserved, in static condition:

No. 402 at the Zig Zag Railway, Lithgow

No. 409 at the National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide.

Break of gauge
With railways, a break of gauge occurs where a line of one track gauge (the distance between the rails, or between the wheels of trains designed to run on those rails) meets a line of a different gauge. Trains and rolling stock generally cannot run through without some form of conversion between gauges, leading to passengers having to change trains, and freight having to be transloaded or transshipped. That can cause delays, added costs, and inconvenience to those travelling on affected routes.
Tennis at the 1958 Asian Games – Mixed doubles
The mixed doubles tennis event was part of the tennis programme and took place between 27 and 30 May 1958, at the New National Tennis Courts.

Yoshihisa Shibata and Reiko Miyagi from Japan won the gold medal.

Reiko Miyagi
Reiko Miyagi (27 May 1922 – 1 June 2008) was a Japanese tennis player of the 1950s and 1960s. She was the elder sister of grand slam doubles champion Atsushi Miyagi.

Miyagi was born in Ōta City, near the grounds of the Denen Coliseum where she trained.

A four-time Asian Games gold medalist, Miyagi won a record thirty titles at the All Japan Championships across singles and doubles. Ten of those national titles were in singles, including eight that Miyagi won consecutively from 1956 to 1963.

In 1964 she was a member of Japan's first ever Federation Cup team and made the singles second round of that year's U.S. National Championships, losing to Billie Jean Moffitt.

Miyagi was the Japanese Federation Cup coach from 1978 to 1982.
Innovative Routines International
28°08′32″N 80°34′56″W﻿ / ﻿28.1422°N 80.5822°W﻿ / 28.1422; -80.5822

Innovative Routines International (IRI), Inc. is an American software company first known for bringing mainframe sort merge functionality into open systems. IRI was the first vendor to develop a commercial replacement for the Unix sort command, and combine data transformation and reporting in Unix batch processing environments. In 2007, IRI's coroutine sort ("CoSort") became the first product to collate and convert multi-gigabyte XML and LDIF files, join and lookup across multiple files, and apply role-based data privacy functions (including AES-256 encryption) for fields within sensitive files.

IRI is headquartered in Melbourne, Florida, United States, and has resale and support offices in 25 countries, including France, Japan, South Africa, and Brazil.

Coroutine
Coroutines are computer program components that allow execution to be suspended and resumed, generalizing subroutines for cooperative multitasking. Coroutines are well-suited for implementing familiar program components such as cooperative tasks, exceptions, event loops, iterators, infinite lists and pipes.

They have been described as "functions whose execution you can pause".

Melvin Conway coined the term coroutine in 1958 when he applied it to the construction of an assembly program. The first published explanation of the coroutine appeared later, in 1963.
Petrovsky District, Tambov Oblast
Petrovsky District (Russian: Петро́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,779 square kilometers (687 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Petrovskoye. Population: 19,074 (2010 Census);  23,374 (2002 census); 28,190 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Petrovskoye accounts for 29.9% of the district's total population.

Lipetsk Oblast
Lipetsk Oblast (Russian: Липецкая область, IPA: [ˈlʲipʲɪtskəjə ˈobɫəsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Lipetsk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,143,224.
WLMI
WLMI (92.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Grand Ledge, Michigan, and serving the Lansing metropolitan area. Owned by Midwest Communications, it broadcasts a classic hits radio format branded as "Cruisin 92.9".  The studios are on Cedar Street in Holt.

WLMI has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 5,400 watts.  The transmitter tower is on West Allegan Street at South Capitol Avenue in Lansing, near the Michigan State Capitol building.

Grand Ledge, Michigan
Grand Ledge is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The city lies mostly within Eaton County, though a small portion extends into Clinton County to the north (no residents live in that portion). The city sits along the Grand River 12.7 miles (20.4 kilometers) west of downtown Lansing. The population was 7,784 at the 2020 census. The city is named for its sandstone rock ledges that are located between island park and Fitzgerald  park. They rise 40 feet (12 m) above the Grand River and are used by recreational rock climbers.
Jesse Benton Jr.
Jesse Benton Jr. (November 5? c. 1783 – October 17, 1843) was an American settler of Tennessee and Texas who worked as a lawyer and who was closely tied to the interpersonal conflict behind Tennessee and American politics in the Jacksonian era. His brother was U.S. Senator Thomas Hart Benton, and the writer Jessie Benton Frémont was his niece. He and his brother were involved in a tavern brawl with Andrew Jackson in Nashville in 1813, and Jesse Benton shot Jackson in the arm. In 1824, Benton, a supporter of presidential candidate William H. Crawford, published an anti-Jackson pamphlet accusing him of nepotism, corruption, and grossly abusive behavior to subordinates. Benton was an early pioneer of the Republic of Texas; he left the Alamo to recruit reinforcements for the fort just days before the storied battle with the Mexican army. Benton died in Louisiana in 1843.

Project Muse
Project MUSE, a non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers, is an online database of peer-reviewed academic journals and electronic books. As of 2024, Project Muse hosts over 800 journals and 100,000 books in digital humanities and social sciences, sourced from approximately 400 university presses and scholarly societies worldwide. It is an aggregator of digital versions of academic journals, all of which are free of digital rights management (DRM). It operates as a third-party acquisition service like EBSCO, JSTOR,  OverDrive, and ProQuest. Project Muse's online journal collections are available on a subscription basis to academic, public, special, and school libraries.