hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mohammad Ali Gerami Qomi
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Gerami Qomi (Persian:  محمدعلى گرامى قمي; born 1938) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja.

He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri, Ali Meshkini, Seyyed Hossein Borujerdi, Mohammad Ali Araki, Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani and Mirza Hashem Amoli.

Ayatollah
Ayatollah (UK: /ˌaɪəˈtɒlə/, also US: /ˌaɪəˈtoʊlə/; Arabic: آية الله, romanized: ʾāyatu llāh; Persian: آیت‌الله, romanized: âyatollâh [ɒːjjætˌolˈlɒːh]) is a title for high-ranking Twelver Shia clergy. It came into widespread usage in the 20th century.

Originally used as a title bestowed by popular/clerical acclaim for a small number of the most distinguished  marja' at-taqlid mujtahid, it suffered from "inflation"  following the 1979 Iranian Revolution when it came to be used for "any established mujtahid". By 2015, it was further expanded to include any student who had passed their Mujtahid final exam, leading to "thousands" of Ayatollahs.

The title is not used by the Sunni community of Iran, due to their belief that Muhammad did not appoint a successor.

In the Western world – especially after the Iranian Revolution – it was associated with Ruhollah Khomeini, who was so well known as to often be referred to as "The Ayatollah".
Terrace ledge kink model
In chemistry, the terrace ledge kink (TLK) model, which is also referred to as the terrace step kink (TSK) model, describes the thermodynamics of crystal surface formation and transformation, as well as the energetics of surface defect formation. It is based upon the idea that the energy of an atom's position on a crystal surface is determined by its bonding to neighboring atoms and that transitions simply involve the counting of broken and formed bonds. The TLK model can be applied to surface science topics such as crystal growth, surface diffusion, roughening, and vaporization.

Vaporization
Vaporization (vapourisation in British English) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation is a surface phenomenon, whereas boiling is a bulk phenomenon (a phenomenon in which the whole object or substance is involved in the process).
2025 Cook Out Southern 500
The 2025 Cook Out Southern 500, the 76th running of the event, was a NASCAR Cup Series race held on August 31, 2025, at Darlington Raceway in Darlington, South Carolina on the 1.366-mile (2.198 km) speedway, it was the 27th race of the 2025 NASCAR Cup Series season, first race of the playoffs, and the final Crown Jewel of the year.

Chase Briscoe won the race. Tyler Reddick finished 2nd, and Erik Jones finished 3rd. John Hunter Nemechek and A. J. Allmendinger rounded out the top five, and Bubba Wallace, Denny Hamlin, Kyle Busch, Carson Hocevar, and Chris Buescher rounded out the top ten.

Crown Jewel (NASCAR)
Historic and prestigious races in NASCAR are often called Crown Jewels. Most commonly these races are the Daytona 500, Coca-Cola 600, and Southern 500. NASCAR also recognizes the Brickyard 400 as a Crown Jewel. In recent years, the Bristol Night Race has been discussed as a potential crown jewel.

From 1985 to 1997, the Winston 500 at Talladega was considered a Crown Jewel because NASCAR Cup Series sponsor Winston offered a $1-million bonus to any driver who won three out of the four races in a season. Most modern sources do not consider it a Crown Jewel race.

Winning all Crown Jewel races is sometimes referred to as a Grand Slam. Three drivers have completed a Grand Slam; Jeff Gordon, Bobby Allison, and Jimmie Johnson have accomplished the feat three times apiece.
Thomas D. Yukelich
Thomas D. Yukelich (July 9, 1909 – August 7, 1984) was an American politician.

Yukelich was born in Virginia, St. Louis County, Minnesota and graduated from Virginia High School. He went to Virginia Junior College and to Winona State University. Yukelich lived in Gilbert, Minnesota with his wife and family and served as the Gilbert City Assessor from 1933 to 1939. Yukevich served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1939 to 1946 and in the Minnesota Senate from 1947 to 1966. He was a Democrat. Yukelich died from lung cancer at the Virginia Regional Hospital in Virginia, Minnesota.

Virginia High School (Minnesota)
Virginia High School was a public secondary school located in Virginia, Minnesota, United States. Established in 1893, the school served students in grades 7–12 and was part of Independent School District 706 for most of its existence. Known as the home of the Blue Devils, Virginia High School played a central role in the civic, cultural, and educational life of the Iron Range. for more than 130 years. The school officially closed in June 2022, as part of the regional consolidation into Rock Ridge Public Schools, which now operates Rock Ridge High School.
2010 Copa Sevilla – Doubles
Treat Conrad Huey and Harsh Mankad were the defending champions, however only Huey chose to compete this year.
He partnered with Photos Kallias from Cyprus, but they lost to Gerard Granollers Pujol and Albert Ramos Viñolas in the first round.Daniel Muñoz de la Nava and Santiago Ventura won in the final, against Nikola Ćirić and Guillermo Olaso 6–2, 7–5.

Daniel Muñoz de la Nava
Daniel Muñoz de la Nava (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈnjel muˈɲoθ ðe la ˈnaβa]; born 29 January 1982 in Madrid, Spain) is a Spanish professional tennis player.

He reached the quarterfinals of Estoril in 2012 and Delray Beach in 2013, both as a qualifier.
Hunger in Bangladesh
Hunger in Bangladesh is one of the major issues affecting the citizens of Bangladesh, with 40% of its population falling under three categories: hunger, starvation and chronic hunger.

Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world and is home to more than 160 million people. It has developed considerably economically and in terms of the Human Development Index, particularly in the areas of literacy and life expectancy. However, its economic inequality has increased and about 32% of the population, that is 50 million people, still live in extreme poverty. The country still faces significant hunger with approximately 40 million people being close to starvation. Poverty has decreased considerably since 2010, falling from 49% to around 25% in 2016.

Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to: war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality. Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe, suffered the greatest number of fatalities due to famine. Deaths caused by famine declined sharply beginning in the 1970s, with numbers falling further since 2000. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world by famine. As of 2025,  Haiti and Afghanistan are the two countries with the most catastrophic and widespread states of famine, followed by Sudan.
Fossil Mountain
Fossil Mountain refers to several mountains, including:

Fossil Mountain (Alberta) in Alberta, Canada

Fossil Mountain (Alaska) in Alaska, United States

Fossil Mountain, Arizona in Arizona, United States

Fossil Mountain (Colorado) in Colorado, United States

Fossil Mountain (Montana) a mountain in Powell County, Montana, United States

Fossil Mountain (Utah) in Utah, United States

Fossil Mountain (Wyoming) in Wyoming, United States

Fossil Mountain (Grand Canyon)
Fossil Mountain is a prominence that is located on a spur in the Western Grand Canyon, in Coconino County, Arizona. The summit of this prominence has an elevation of 6,729 ft (2,051 m) and lies about 1 mi (1.6 km) southeast of the Grand Scenic Divide, and 1 mi (1.6 km) west of Havasupai Point. This summit lies almost level with the surface of the adjacent tableland of the South Rim, the forested Kaibab Plateau.

As seen in the above photograph, Fossil Mountain exhibits a large cliff of Kaibab Limestone. The southwest slope of Fossil Mountain is a highly vegetated (trees), and high angle slope to the prominence. Below the 350 ft (110 m) cliff of Kaibab Limestone is about ~250 ft (76 m) of vegetated slope-forming Toroweap Formation. The Toroweap Formation sits upon a ~500 ft (150 m) cliff-forming, Coconino Sandstone, very vertical, and uneroded, (northeast face of Fossil Mountain, overlooking the canyon). The Coconino Sandstone sits on large slopes of vegetated Hermit Formation.
Liberton RFC
Liberton RFC is a rugby union club based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Men's team currently plays in East Division 3, the former Women's team which was controversially disbanded in 2023 played in Scottish Womens Midlands & East One.

Women's rugby union in Scotland
The Women's domestic rugby union leagues in Scotland are organised in a similar vein to the men's domestic leagues: on a national basis for the top leagues and regional leagues below feeding into those leagues.

The top two Women's national leagues are the Premiership and National Division 1. The following leagues are split into regions.
Wildwood House (publisher)
Wildwood House was a book publishing company in London, England, founded in 1972 by Oliver Caldecott and Dieter Pevsner, who had both worked at Penguin Books, leaving to set up the new publishing venture. The company was based in Floral Street, Covent Garden. Wildwood House published "an eclectic list that included JP Donleavy and Studs Terkel. Wildwood also introduced Garry Trudeau's Doonesbury cartoon strips to the UK by publishing The People's Doonesbury in 1981, and acted as an early distribution outlet for Virago, the feminist publishing house."

Studs Terkel
Louis "Studs" Terkel (May 16, 1912 – October 31, 2008) was an American writer, historian, actor, and broadcaster. He received the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction in 1985 for The Good War and is best remembered for his oral histories of common Americans, and for hosting a long-running radio show in Chicago.
Montana Rifle Company
Montana Rifle Company is an American company that designed, manufactured, and distributed rifles, rifle actions, barrels and provides gunsmith services.  The company is currently owned by Grace Engineering Corp.

Gun barrel
A gun barrel is a crucial part of gun-type weapons such as small firearms, artillery pieces, and air guns.  It is the straight shooting tube, usually made of rigid high-strength metal, through which a contained rapid expansion of high-pressure gas(es) is used to propel a projectile out of the front end (muzzle) at a high velocity.  The hollow interior of the barrel is called the bore, and the diameter of the bore is called its calibre, usually measured in inches or millimetres.

The first firearms were made at a time when metallurgy was not advanced enough to cast tubes capable of withstanding the explosive forces of early cannons, so the pipe (often built from staves of metal) needed to be braced periodically along its length for structural reinforcement, producing an appearance somewhat reminiscent of storage barrels being stacked together, hence the English name.
Ahercostomus
Ahercostomus is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It currently contains only one species, Ahercostomus jiangchenganus, known only from China. Ahercostomus was originally created as a subgenus of Hercostomus; it was later promoted to genus rank by Zhang & Yang (2005). Alternatively, Brook (2005) provisionally regards Ahercostomus as a synonym of Hercostomus.

The specific name refers to the type locality, Jiangcheng, which is located in the Yunnan province of China.

Dolichopodidae
Dolichopodidae, the long-legged flies, are a large, cosmopolitan family of true flies with more than 8,000 described species in about 250 genera. The genus Dolichopus is the most speciose, with some 600 species.

Dolichopodidae generally are small flies with large, prominent eyes and a metallic cast to their appearance, though there is considerable variation among the species.  Most have long legs, though some do not. In many species, the males have unusually large genitalia which are taxonomically useful in identifying species. Most adults are predatory on other small animals, though some may scavenge or act as kleptoparasites of spiders or other predators.
Countess of Jersey
Countess of Jersey is a title given to the wife of the Earl of Jersey. Women who have held the title include:

Barbara Chiffinch, Countess of Jersey (1663–1735), widow of Edward Villiers, 1st Earl of Jersey, who was also created suo jure Countess of Jersey in the Jacobite peerage in 1716

Anne Russell, Duchess of Bedford, afterwards Countess of Jersey (c.1705–1762)

Frances Villiers, Countess of Jersey (1753–1821)

Sarah Villiers, Countess of Jersey (1785–1867)

Margaret Child Villiers, Countess of Jersey (1849–1945)

Virginia Cherrill, Countess of Jersey (1908–1996)

Anne Russell, Duchess of Bedford
Anne Russell, Duchess of Bedford (née Egerton; c. 1705 – 16 June 1762) was the wife of Wriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of Bedford, and, following his death, of William Villiers, 3rd Earl of Jersey. She was the mother of the 4th Earl of Jersey.
Shanti Roy
Shanti Roy is an Indian gynaecologist. She was awarded the Padma Shri in 2020 for her contribution in medicine. She hails from the Gopalganj district of Bihar. She used to practice in Siwan but now practices in Patna.She is the Head of the Department of gynaecology in the Patna Medical College.

Gopalganj district, India
Gopalganj district is one of the administrative districts in the Indian state of Bihar. The district headquarters is the town of Gopalganj, and the district is part of Saran Division. Major languages spoken are Hindi and Bhojpuri. Gopalganj located in west Bihar.
Akkent
Akkent (formerly: Zeyve) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Çal, Denizli Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,859 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated to the west of Büyükmenderes River (ancient Meander). The distance to Çal is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) and to Denizli is 72 kilometres (45 mi). The settlement was probably founded during the Germiyan Beylik era in 13th century. In 1932 the settlement was declared a seat of township. Orcharding is the major economic sector of the town. There is also a factory based on agricultural products.

Büyük Menderes River
The Büyük Menderes River ("Great Meander", historically  the Maeander or Meander, from Ancient Greek: Μαίανδρος, Maíandros; Turkish: Büyük Menderes Irmağı), is a river in southwestern Turkey. It rises in west central Turkey near Dinar before flowing west through the Büyük Menderes graben until reaching the Aegean Sea in the proximity of the ancient Ionian city Miletus. The river was well known for its sinuous, curving pattern, and gives its name to the common term, (meander), used to describe these characteristic bends in rivers.
Green Farmhouse, Poulton
Green Farmhouse is on the east side of the Straight Mile, Poulton, Cheshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

The house dates from the 18th century and was altered in the middle of the 19th century for the 2nd Marquess of Westminster.  In 1889–90 further alterations and additions were made for the 1st Duke of Westminster, which were designed by the Chester architect John Douglas.  The house is constructed in brown brick; it is symmetrical with three storeys in five bays.  Douglas' additions include the rear extension, which has diapering in blue bricks and is joined to the original part of the house by a timber-framed link.  Douglas also altered the end gables, adding blue-brick diapering and terracotta copings.

Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster
Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster KG PC (27 January 1795 – 31 October 1869), styled The Honourable Richard Grosvenor from 1795 to 1802, Viscount Belgrave from 1802 to 1831 and Earl Grosvenor from 1831 to 1845, was an English politician, landowner, property developer and benefactor.
Jordan University of Science and Technology
The Jordan University of Science and Technology (Arabic: جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا الأردنية Jami'at Al-Ulum wa Al-Tiknolojia Al-Urdunia), often abbreviated JUST, is a public technological university located on the outskirts of Irbid, at Ar Ramtha in northern Jordan. The university comprises twelve faculties that offer a spectrum of undergraduate and higher study programs, in addition to King Abdullah University Hospital which is a tertiary teaching hospital affiliated with JUST and located within its campus.

General surgery
General surgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on alimentary canal and abdominal contents including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, appendix and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland. General surgeons also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft tissue, trauma, peripheral artery disease and hernias and perform endoscopic as such as gastroscopy, colonoscopy and laparoscopic procedures.
'Til You Cry
"'Til You Cry" is a song written by Steve Bogard and Rick Giles, and recorded by American country pop artist Juice Newton for her 1987 album Emotion. In 1988, it was covered by American country music artist Eddy Raven and released in December as the third single from his compilation album The Best of Eddy Raven. The song reached number 4 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Juice Newton
Juice Newton (born Judith Kay Newton; February 18, 1952) is an American pop and country singer, songwriter, and musician. Newton has received five Grammy Award nominations in the Pop and Country Best Female Vocalist categories – winning once in 1983 – as well as an ACM Award for Top New Female Artist and two consecutive Billboard Female Album Artist of the Year awards. Newton's other awards include a People's Choice Award for "Best Female Vocalist" and the Australian Music Media's "Number One International Country Artist".

Newton has several Gold and Platinum records to her credit, including Juice, Quiet Lies and her first Greatest Hits album. During the 1980s, she charted 14 top 10 hits across the Billboard Country, AC, and Hot 100 charts, with many of the recordings achieving crossover success and six of the songs hitting the No. 1 position.
Adam Clarke Nutt Mansion
Adam Clarke Nutt Mansion is a historic mansion located at Uniontown, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1882, and is a large three-story, irregularly shaped brick dwelling in the Queen Anne style. A front porch and porte cochere were added sometime before 1912.  It has a truncated hipped roof, four tall chimneys, and a centered tower section.  The property includes a contributing fieldstone wall and a non-contributing two-story carriage house with a mansard roof in the Second Empire style.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Fieldstone
Fieldstone is a naturally occurring type of stone, which lies at or near the surface of the Earth. Fieldstone is a nuisance for farmers seeking to expand their land under cultivation, but at some point it began to be used as a construction material. Strictly speaking, it is stone collected from the surface of fields where it occurs naturally. Collections of fieldstones which have been removed from arable land or pasture to allow for more effective agriculture are called clearance cairns.

In practice, fieldstone is any architectural stone used in its natural shape and can be applied to stones recovered from the topsoil or subsoil. Although fieldstone is generally used to describe such material when used for exterior walls, it has come to include its use in other ways including garden features and interiors. It is sometimes cut or split for use in architecture.
Alessandro Santos
Alessandro Santos (三都主 アレサンドロ, Santosu Aresandoro; formerly Alessandro dos Santos; born 20 July 1977), often known as Alex, is a former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. Born in Brazil, he became a Japanese citizen and made 82 appearances for the Japan national team.

Emperor's Cup
The Emperor's Cup JFA All-Japan Football Championship Tournament (Japanese: 天皇杯 JFA 全日本サッカー選手権大会, Hepburn: Tennōhai Jēefuē Zen-Nihon Sakkā Senshuken Taikai), commonly known as The Emperor's Cup (Japanese: 天皇杯, サッカー天皇杯, Hepburn: Tennōhai, Sakkā Tennōhai) or Japan FA Cup, and rebranded as The JFA Emperor's Cup from 2024 onwards, is a Japanese annual football competition. It has the longest tradition of any football tournament in Japan, dating back to 1921, before the formation of the J.League, the current JFL (not the former JFL), and their predecessor, the Japan Soccer League.

Before World War II, teams could qualify not only from Japan proper but also from Empire of Japan's colonies such as Korea, Taiwan, and sometimes Manchukuo. The winning club qualifies for the AFC Champions League and the Japanese Super Cup. The tournament's equivalent in women's football is the Empress's Cup.

The current holders are Machida Zelvia, having won their first cup in the 2025 edition.
Gusheshe
"Gusheshe" is a song by South African hip hop recording artist Cassper Nyovest, released as the first single from his debut studio album Tsholofelo. It was released on 19 April 2013 and features a guest verse from Okmalumkoolkat. The song was written by Nyovest and Okmalumkoolkat. It was produced by Ganja Beatz with co-production from Nyovest.

The artwork, released on April 17, 2013, features a pink 1983 BMW 325i coupé, known commonly as a "gusheshe" in South Africa. Upon its debut, the song received high rotation on radio stations including YFM and 5FM.

Due to its positive reception, Nyovest won 4 awards for the song at the 2nd Annual South African Hip Hop Awards. It was also licensed for a Sprite commercial in the United States.

Coupe
A coupe or coupé (/kuːˈpeɪ/, also US: /kuːp/) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and typically with two doors.

The term coupé was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past participle of couper, "cut".

Some coupé cars only have two seats, while some also feature rear seats. However, these rear seats are usually lower quality and much smaller than those in the front. Furthermore, "A fixed-top two-door sports car would be best and most appropriately be termed a 'sports coupe' or 'sports coupé'".
2025 Alamo Bowl
The 2025 Alamo Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 30, 2025, at the Alamodome located in San Antonio, Texas. The 33rd annual Alamo Bowl game began at approximately 8:00 p.m. CST and aired on ESPN. The Alamo Bowl was one of the 2025–26 bowl games concluding the 2025 FBS football season. The game was sponsored by Valero Energy, a company that produces petroleum-based fuels, and known as the Valero Alamo Bowl.

The TCU Horned Frogs from the Big 12 Conference defeated the USC Trojans from the Big Ten Conference in overtime, 30–27.

Alamodome
The Alamodome is a 64,000-seat domed indoor multi-purpose stadium in San Antonio, Texas. It is located on the southeastern fringe of downtown San Antonio. The facility opened on May 15, 1993, having been constructed at a cost of $186 million.

The multi-purpose facility was intended to increase the city's convention traffic and attract a professional football franchise.  It also placated the San Antonio Spurs' demands for a larger arena.  The Spurs played in the Alamodome for a decade, then became disenchanted with the facility and convinced Bexar County to construct a new arena for them, now called the Frost Bank Center. The Alamodome's regular tenant is currently the UTSA Roadrunners. Recent tenants include the San Antonio Commanders of the Alliance of American Football,  the San Antonio Brahmas of the United Football League, and the San Antonio Talons of the Arena Football League.