hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
String kernel
In machine learning and data mining, a string kernel is a kernel function that operates on strings, i.e. finite sequences of symbols that need not be of the same length. String kernels can be intuitively understood as functions measuring the similarity of pairs of strings: the more similar two strings a and b are, the higher the value of a string kernel K(a, b) will be.

Using string kernels with kernelized learning algorithms such as support vector machines allow such algorithms to work with strings, without having to translate these to fixed-length, real-valued feature vectors. String kernels are used in domains where sequence data are to be clustered or classified, e.g. in text mining and gene analysis.

Feature (machine learning)
In machine learning and pattern recognition, a feature is an individual measurable property or characteristic of a data set. Choosing informative, discriminating, and independent features is crucial to producing effective algorithms for pattern recognition, classification, and regression tasks. Features are usually numeric, but other types such as strings and graphs are used in syntactic pattern recognition, after some pre-processing step such as one-hot encoding. The concept of "features" is related to that of explanatory variables used in statistical techniques such as linear regression.
Zimbabwe Catholic Bishops' Conference
The Zimbabwe Catholic Bishops' Conference (ZCBC), established by the Holy See on October 1, 1969, is the episcopal conference of the Catholic Church in Zimbabwe. The statutes of the Conference were approved on March 25, 1981.

The ZCBC is a member of the Inter-Regional Meeting of Bishops of Southern Africa (IMBISA) and Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar (SECAM).

The primary objective of the ZCBC is to promote solidarity among the bishops of Zimbabwe, and promotion of self-sufficiency among each of the dioceses.

Diocese of Masvingo
There is also a Diocese of Masvingo (and a Bishop of Masvingo) in the Anglican Church of the Province of Central Africa.

The Diocese of Masvingo (Latin: Masvingen(sis)) is a Latin Catholic suffragan diocese in the city of Masvingo in the ecclesiastical province of Bulawayo in Zimbabwe.
Frucht
Frucht is surname of:

Adolf-Henning Frucht (1913, Torgau - 1993), German doctor and physiologist

Michael Frucht (1969-), an American neurologist

Robert (Roberto) Wertheimer Frucht (1906 - 1997), a German-Chilean mathematician

Frucht graph
Frucht's theorem

Frucht's theorem
Frucht's theorem is a result in algebraic graph theory, conjectured by Dénes Kőnig in 1936 and proved by Robert Frucht in 1939. It states that every finite group is the group of symmetries of a finite undirected graph. More strongly, for any finite group , there exist infinitely many non-isomorphic simple connected graphs such that the automorphism group of each of them is isomorphic to .
Punkie Night
Punkie Night is a traditional West Country holiday practised on the last Thursday of October in Somerset. Children will march around with a punkie, that is a jack o'lantern traditionally made from a mangelwurzel, singing the following song :

It's Punkie Night tonight
It's Punkie Night tonight
Adam and Eve would not believe
It's Punkie Night tonight

There are some variants which also include these lines:

"Give me a candle, give me a light
If you don't, you'll get  a fright"

or alternatively:

"Give me a candle give me light
If you haven't a candle, a penny's all right"

(Cooper & Sullivan, 1994).

As Cooper and Sullivan (1994) explain, this relates to the tradition of children would begging for candles on this night, and threaten people who refused to give them anything (compare the custom of Trick or Treat). Cooper and Sullivan also explain how a Punkie King and a Punkie Queen would typically lead the proceedings.

West Country
The West Country is a loosely defined area within South West England, usually taken to include the counties of Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset and Bristol, with some considering it to extend to all or parts of Wiltshire, Gloucestershire and Herefordshire. The West Country has a distinctive regional English dialect and accent, and is also home to the Cornish language.
Muhammad Qamar Ibrahim
Muhammad Qamar Ibrahim (born 14 January 1968) is a Pakistani field hockey player. He was born in Karachi. He won the gold medal at the 1990 Asian Games, beating India 3–2 in the final, and won a bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Field hockey at the 1990 Asian Games
Field hockey events were contested at the 1990 Asian Games in Olympic Sports Centre, Beijing, China. The men's field hockey tournament was held from 23 September to 5 October 1990 at Olympic Sports Centre, Beijing. The women's field hockey tournament was also played at the same venue, from 24 September to 2 October.
Steven Takahashi
Steven Takahashi (born 8 April 1992) is a Canadian freestyle wrestler. He won the silver medal in the men's 57 kg event at the 2018 Commonwealth Games held in Gold Coast, Australia. He is the son of Olympic wrestler Ray Takahashi, nephew of Olympic judo competitor Phil Takahashi and coach Tina Takahashi, and grandson of influential judoka Masao Takahashi.

Judo at the Summer Olympics
Judo was first included in the Summer Olympic Games at the 1964 Games in Tokyo, Japan.  After not being included in 1968, judo has been an Olympic sport in each Olympiad since then. Only male judoka participated until the 1988 Summer Olympics, when women's judo was organized as a demonstration sport. Women judoka were first awarded medals at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
Musa Khawula
Musa Khawula (born 1991) is a South African social media personality and entertainment blogger who publishes celebrity gossip, social commentary, and entertainment industry updates, primarily on the platform X (formerly Twitter). He gained public recognition through his rapid reporting style and outspoken commentary on public figures, and more recently, being mentioned by Witness F at the Madlanga Commission.

Demographics of South Africa
According to the 2022 census, the population of South Africa is about 62 million people of diverse origins, cultures, languages, and religions, with a majority being Black Africans. The South African National Census of 2022 was the most recent census held; the next will be in 2032.

In 2011, Statistics South Africa counted 2.1 million foreigners in total. Reports suggest that is an underestimation. The real figure may be as high as five million, including some three million Zimbabweans.
Netherton, Oxfordshire
Netherton is a hamlet in Fyfield and Tubney civil parish about 5.5 miles (9 km) west of Abingdon. Formerly in the parish of Fyfield before it merged with Tubney in 1952, it was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire. The toponym is derived from the Old English neotherra meaning "lower, nether" and dun meaning "hill". It was recorded as Netendon in 1193.  Netherton is primarily residential. Netherton is linked with Oxford by Pulhams Coaches route 63 bus that runs on Mondays to Fridays.

Fyfield and Tubney
Fyfield and Tubney is a civil parish in The Vale of White Horse district of Oxfordshire, England. It includes the village of Fyfield which is about 4.5 miles (7 km) west of Abingdon and Tubney, which is about 4 miles (6 km) west of Abingdon.   The parish was formed in 1952 when the parish of Fyfield was merged with the parish of Tubney.  It was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire.
NBL Canada Defensive Player of the Year Award
The National Basketball League of Canada's Defensive Player of the Year Award is an annual National Basketball League of Canada (NBL) award given since the 2011–12 season. The London Lightning's Al Stewart was named Defensive Player of the Year in 2012 and 2013, the most seasons a single player has won the award.

London Lightning
The London Lightning is an inactive Canadian professional basketball team based in London, Ontario, which played its home games at Canada Life Place. The team formerly competed in the National Basketball League of Canada and the Basketball Super League.
Davey Bridge
Davey Bridge (also known as the Wiscasset Bridge), in Wiscasset, Maine, United States, spans the Sheepscot River. It carries the traffic of U.S. Route 1 between Wiscasset and Edgecomb. It was completed in 1983, after a two-year construction, at a cost of over $8.5 million. The bridge was designed by FIGG Bridge Group, of Tallahassee, Florida, who also designed the Penobscot Narrows Bridge. Shoals Construction, of Eliot, Maine, constructed it.

The bridge, the first of its kind in New England, is 2,719 feet (829 m) long, 44.7 feet (13.6 m) wide and constructed of 318 steel-reinforced concrete segments joined by steel cables. The bridge opened on June 15, 1983, was dedicated on September 28, 1986, and is named for Donald E. Davey, a detective sergeant in the Lincoln County Sheriff department who was killed, aged 37, in the line of duty two years prior.

The bridge is located around 1.2 miles (1.9 km) downstream of the Wiscasset Railway Bridge, which was built in 1916.

Eugene Figg
Eugene C. Figg (August 4, 1936 – March 20, 2002) was an American structural engineer who made numerous contributions to the field of structural engineering, especially in the design of the cable-stayed bridge and the use of the segmental concrete construction method.
Edd Sorenson
Edd Sorenson (born 1959) is a cave diver known for numerous rescues of lost or trapped divers in underwater caves in the United States, particularly in Florida's Vortex Spring and Blue Spring State Park. Sorenson has been credited as the only diver with multiple successful rescues in completely submerged caves. He is one of the most experienced body recovery divers in the world.

Sorenson is originally from Portland, Oregon and moved to Marianna, Florida where he owns Cave Adventurers dive center. KISS Rebreathers referred to Sorenson as a "top instructor." His students have included hosts of Jonathan Bird's Blue World and the YouTube channel "Dive Talk," with both programs having featured Sorenson. Sorenson has explored caves with Brian Kakuk.

KISS Rebreathers
KISS Rebreathers is a brand of diving rebreathers marketed to the technical and recreational diving community.  Originally manufactured in Canada, later in the US, the manufacturer has been owned by a European company since 2024, and is seeking CE accreditation for their latest product, the KISS Sidewinder 2. Most of their products are manually controlled closed circuit rebreathers (mCCRs) and semi-closed circuit rebreathers (SCRs) with rugged and generally user-serviceable construction.
Troy Kropog
Troy Michael Kropog (born July 31, 1986) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Tennessee Titans in the fourth round of the 2009 NFL draft. He played college football for the Tulane Green Wave.

Tulane Green Wave football
The Tulane Green Wave football team represents Tulane University in the sport of American football. The Green Wave compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the American Athletic Conference (The American). The football team is currently coached by Will Hall, the team plays its home games in Yulman Stadium on its campus in Uptown New Orleans.
Daluka
Daluka is the name of a legendary queen of Egypt who ruled before the Great Flood according to medieval Coptic and Islamic folklore. She was part of the so-called "Soleyman dynasty", which also included Surid Ibn Salhouk, a king who was once believed to have built the Great Pyramid of Giza. She was sometimes called Zulaikha.

Coptic literature
Coptic literature is the body of writings in the Coptic language of Egypt, the last stage of the indigenous Egyptian language. It is written in the Coptic alphabet. The study of the Coptic language and literature is called Coptology.
Habibullah Qaderi
Engineer Habibullah Qaderi (born 1961 in Kandahar province, Afghanistan) is a former Minister of Counter Narcotics in Afghanistan, serving between January 2004 and July 2007. Qaderi resigned in July 2007 to take up post as Afghan Counsul General in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. He was succeeded as Minister of Counter Narcotics by General Khodaidad.

Kandahar Province
Kandahar is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the southern part of the country, sharing a border with Balochistan, Pakistan, to the south. It is surrounded by Helmand in the west, Uruzgan in the north and Zabul Province in the east. Its capital is the city of Kandahar, Afghanistan's second largest city, located on the Arghandab River. The greater region surrounding the province is called Loy Kandahar. The Emir of Afghanistan sends orders to Kabul from Kandahar making it the de facto capital of Afghanistan, although the main government body operates in Kabul. All meetings with the Emir take place in Kandahar, meetings excluding the Emir are in Kabul.

The province contains about 18 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,431,876 people (the 6th most populous province), which is mostly tribal and a rural society. The main inhabitants of Kandahar province are the ethnic Baloch people followed by Tajiks, Pashtuns, Uzbeks, Turkmens and Hazaras.
Latehar railway station
Latehar railway station is a small railway station in Latehar district, Jharkhand. Its code is LTHR. It serves Latehar city. The station consists of two platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities including water and sanitation.

In June 2015, the Palamu Express was derailed near Latehar by a Maoist explosive attack. There were no casualties.

Latehar district
Latehar district  is one of the 24 districts of  Jharkhand state in eastern India, and Latehar town is the administrative headquarters of this district. This district is part of Palamu division.

Latehar district is situated on longitude 84° 31' E and 23° 44.4' N latitude. The area of the district is 3660 km², with a population of 726,978 (2011 census).
Lake Puyallup
Lake Puyallup developed along the south edge of the Puget Sound Glacier.  The glacier was in retreat northward after having reached its most southerly point.  Drainage off the north face of Mount Rainier and the melting ice of the glacier was trapped in the valley of the Puyallup River.  As the glacier moved north, the lake grew until it reached its largest capacity with the glacier at the glacial front across the Puyallup valley just south of Commencement Bay at Tacoma and northern bend of the White River at Auburn. When the ice retreated further north, it was reduced in depth and volume and takes on the name of Lake Tacoma.

Puyallup River
The Puyallup River (/pjuːˈæləp/ pyew-AL-əp) is a river in the U.S. state of Washington. About 45 miles (72 km) long, it is formed by glaciers on the west side of Mount Rainier. It flows generally northwest, emptying into Commencement Bay, part of Puget Sound. The river and its tributaries drain an area of about 948 square miles (2,460 km2) in Pierce County and southern King County.

The lower, northwestern half of the river's watershed is a complex amalgam of glacial and tectonic features dating back to the Pleistocene, as well as more recent (Holocene) changes caused by a series of lahars which flowed down from Mount Rainier between 5,600 and 800 years Before Present. The valley's 150,000 residents are at risk from future lahars. For this reason, the United States Geological Survey has installed a lahar warning system.
Inheritance (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"Inheritance" is the 162nd episode of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, the tenth episode of the seventh season.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. In this episode, as the Enterprise helps a planet to survive, Lieutenant Commander Data (Brent Spiner) must work with two local scientists from the planet. One scientist seems particularly interested in Data.

This episode marks the second of three guest appearances in Star Trek for Fionnula Flanagan, having previously appeared in the Star Trek: Deep Space Nine episode Dax.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
Ada (1961 film)
Ada is a 1961 American political drama film produced by Avon Productions and distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was directed by Daniel Mann and produced by Lawrence Weingarten, with a screenplay by Arthur Sheekman and William Driskill based on the novel Ada Dallas by Wirt Williams.

The film stars Susan Hayward, Dean Martin, Wilfrid Hyde-White, Ralph Meeker and Martin Balsam.

Daniel Mann
Daniel Chugerman (August 8, 1912 – November 21, 1991), known professionally as Daniel Mann, was an American stage, film and television director.

Originally trained as an actor by Sanford Meisner, between 1952 and 1987 he directed over 31 feature films and made-for-television. Considered a true "actor's director", he directed seven Oscar-nominated and two Tony Award-winning performances, collaborating with actors like Burt Lancaster, Shirley Booth, Susan Hayward, Marlon Brando, Elizabeth Taylor, Dean Martin and Anthony Quinn.

He was nominated for several accolades, including two Palme d'Or, three Directors Guild of America Awards and a Golden Bear.
Torkilstrup Rectory
Torkilstrup Rectory (Danish: Torkilstrup Præstegård) is located just east of Torkilstrup Church in the village of Torkilstrup, some 7 km (4 mi) southeast of Nørre Alslev, on the Danish island of Falster. A stone outside the rectory commemorates that Bernhard Severin Ingemann was born in the building. The rectory was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1950.

Torkilstrup Church
Torkilstrup Church (Danish: Torkilstrup Kirke) is located in the village of Torkilstrup some 7 km (4 mi) southeast of Nørre Alslev, on the Danish island of Falster. It is built of hewn fieldstone rather than brick, indicating it is one of the oldest churches on the island from before 1160.
Zduńska Wola railway station
Zduńska Wola is the main railway station for the town of Zduńska Wola, Łódź Voivodeship. Initially built in early 1900s to serve Warsaw-Kalisz Railway, it is currently an important interchange, serving trains running on Coal Trunk Railway from Karsznice station toward Sieradz and Kalisz.

For passenger service, it serves as stopping point for PKP Intercity trains running between Wrocław and Warsaw, PolRegio routes from Łódź to Poznań and Wrocław, and ŁKA services to Sieradz. In 2015 the station served as terminus for a commuter trains to Karsznice station.

PKP Intercity
PKP Intercity is the subsidiary of the PKP Group responsible for long-distance rail passenger transport in Poland. It operates around 350 trains daily, connecting large agglomerations and smaller towns in Poland. It offers its services under TLK, InterCity, Express Intercity and Express Intercity Premium brands. The company also provides most international rail connections to and from the country. In 2023, the company reported an 18.2% of market share in terms of total number of served passengers in the country.
Brian Barnwell
Brian Barnwell is an American lawyer and politician, who served as a Democratic member of the New York State Assembly. From January 2017 until December 2022, he represented Assembly District 30 in Queens; the district included Maspeth, Woodside, Middle Village, and portions of Astoria, Sunnyside, Elmhurst, Rego Park and Long Island City.

Maspeth, Queens
Maspeth is a residential and commercial community in the borough of Queens in New York City. It was founded in the early 17th century by Dutch and English settlers. Neighborhoods sharing borders with Maspeth are Woodside to the north; Sunnyside to the northwest; Greenpoint, Brooklyn, to the west; East Williamsburg, Brooklyn, to the southwest; Fresh Pond and Ridgewood to the south; and Middle Village and Elmhurst to the east.

Maspeth is located in Queens Community District 5 and its ZIP Code is 11378. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 104th Precinct. Politically, Maspeth is represented by the New York City Council's 26th and 30th districts.
M. V. Padma Srivastava
Madakasira Vasantha Padma Srivastava (born 1965) is an Indian neurologist, medical academic, former professor and writer, serving as the chairperson of Neurology at Paras Healthcare, Gurugram. She is known for pioneering Acute Stroke Programme (Code-Red), a medical initiative for supporting patients afflicted with epilepsy and stroke, incorporating Hyperacute Reperfusion strategies including the thrombolysis program. The Government of India awarded her the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2016, for her contributions to medical science.

Thrombolysis
Thrombolysis, also called fibrinolytic therapy, is the breakdown (lysis) of blood clots formed in blood vessels, using medication. It is used in ST elevation myocardial infarction, stroke, and in cases of severe venous thromboembolism (massive pulmonary embolism or extensive deep vein thrombosis).

Thrombolytic medications pose a risk of serious bleeding, and in some situations thrombolysis may therefore be unsuitable. Thrombolysis can also play an important part in reperfusion therapy in blocked arteries.
WNYI
WNYI (channel 52) is a religious television station licensed to Ithaca, New York, United States, serving the Elmira, Binghamton and Syracuse television markets as an owned-and-operated station of the Daystar Television Network. The station's transmitter is located on Quarry Road in Moravia, New York. It shares its channel and tower with co-owned WDSS-LD, a low-power translator station that previously broadcast on UHF channel 38 from a transmitter in Onondaga.

Elmira, New York
Elmira (/ɛlˈmaɪrə/) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County. The population was 26,523 at the 2020 census, down from 29,200 at the 2010 census, a decline of more than 7 percent.

The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira.  It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line.

The city was the site of the Elmira Prison, a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Elmira College is located within the city.