hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick Miller (paediatrician)
Frederick John William Miller FRCP (born 5 November 1911 in Newbiggin-by-the-Sea, Northumberland, died 30 March 1996) was a British paediatrician, who made critically important contributions in describing tuberculosis in childhood, including the definition of the treatment and control, of the disease. Along with Sir James Spence and Sir Donald Court,  Fred Miller were responsible for the formulation of the major epidemiological cohort study called the Newcastle Thousand Families Study. After that the group was called the Newcastle Trio in the medical community.

Newbiggin-by-the-Sea
Newbiggin-by-the-Sea is a seaside town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, located on the North Sea coast.

The town is a fishing port and formerly a part of a trade route for shipping grain. Newbiggin Colliery operated from 1908 until 1967.

Newbiggin became a popular beach resort by 1828 and remains a tourist attraction with landmarks such as the Couple sculpture by Sean Henry, and the 13th-century parish church. The town council oversees governance while the economy remains diverse with 89 active companies as of this date. Newbiggin was part of the Wansbeck local government district until 2009, and lies within the Wansbeck UK Parliamentary constituency, represented by Ian Lavery MP since 2010. The town holds an annual music festival that raises money for charity and is also home to several religious sites representing various denominations.
2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the seven U.S. representatives from the state of Alabama, one from each of the state's seven congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primaries were held on March 1.

Gary Palmer
Gary James Palmer (born May 14, 1954) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Alabama's 6th congressional district since 2015. His district includes the wealthier parts of Birmingham, as well as most of its suburbs. Before becoming an elected official, Palmer co-founded and served as the longtime president of the Alabama Policy Institute, a conservative think tank.

A member of the House Freedom Caucus, Palmer chaired the Republican Policy Committee from 2019 to 2025.
Tumuheirwe Florence
Tumuheirwe Florence (5 March 1963) a Ugandan Human Rights Activist. She is currently the Executive Director of Kigezi Women in Development (KWID) - a women-led organization established in 1996 operating in Kigezi sub-region, in South Western Uganda. Her work focuses on gender equality, health advocacy, climate justice, economic justice, and environmental conservation.

Executive director
Executive director is commonly the title of the chief executive officer (CEO) of a company, a non-profit organization, government agency or international organization.

It generally has the same meaning as CEO or managing director.

The title may also be used by a member of a board of directors for a corporation, such as a company, cooperative or nongovernmental organization, who usually holds a specific managerial position with the corporation. In this context the role is usually contrasted with a non-executive director who usually holds no executive, managerial role with the corporation, but purely an advisory role.

There is much national and cultural variation in the exact definition of an executive director.
Jeanne DuPrau
Jeanne DuPrau (born 1944 in San Francisco, California) is an American writer, best known for The Books of Ember, a series of science fiction novels for young people. She lives in Menlo Park, California.

Menlo Park, California
Menlo Park (/ˈmɛnloʊ/ MEN-loh) is a city in San Mateo County in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, United States.  Located at the eastern edge of the county, It is bordered by San Francisco Bay on the north and east; East Palo Alto, Palo Alto, and Stanford to the south; and Atherton, North Fair Oaks, and Redwood City to the west. It had 33,780 residents at the 2020 United States census. It is home to the corporate headquarters of Meta Platforms, and is where Google, Roblox Corporation, Round Table Pizza, and SRI International were founded.  The train station holds the record as the oldest continually operating train station in California. It is one of the most educated cities in California and the United States; nearly 70% of residents over 25 have earned a bachelor's degree or higher.
Free Yourself (Fantasia song)
"Free Yourself" is a song by American singer Fantasia from her debut studio album of the same title (2004). It features a guest appearance from rapper Missy Elliott, who wrote the song alongside Craig Brockman and Nisan Stewart, and produced it with Brockman. The song was released as the fourth single from Free Yourself on April 4, 2005, by J Records.

A moderate commercial success, "Free Yourself" peaked at number 41 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and number three on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. Critically acclaimed, it was nominated for Best R&B Song and Best Female R&B Vocal Performance at the 48th Annual Grammy Awards (2006).

Nisan Stewart
Nisan Cumming Stewart is an American minister, record producer and drummer serving since 2014 as Lead Pastor of the Lynwood, California-based Greater Emmanuel Temple Church. Having worked with Timbaland and Missy Elliott on the latter's earlier work (This Is Not a Test!), he co-produced Karen Clark Sheard's 2002 album 2nd Chance, and co-produced and co-wrote Nelly Furtado's 2006 single "No Hay Igual".

He has served as musical director for Jamie Foxx, and 50 Cent. He founded the gospel music group Soul Seekers in 2000, which includes fellow producers Warryn Campbell and Craig Brockman.
William Ball (director)
William Gormaly Ball (29 April 1931 – 30 July 1991) was an American stage director and founder of the American Conservatory Theater (ACT). He was awarded the Drama Desk Vernon Rice Award in 1959 for his production of Chekhov's Ivanov and was nominated for a Tony Award in 1965 for his production of Molière's Tartuffe, starring Michael O'Sullivan and René Auberjonois. He was also a noted director of opera.

Ivanov (play)
Ivanov (Russian: Иванов: драма в четырёх действиях (Ivanov: drama in four acts); also translated as "Ivanoff") is a four-act drama by the Russian playwright Anton Chekhov.

Ivanov was first performed in 1887, when Fiodor Korsh, owner of the Korsh Theatre in Moscow, commissioned Chekhov to write a comedy. Chekhov, however, responded with a four-act drama, which he wrote in ten days. The first performance was not a success and the production disgusted Chekhov himself. In a letter to his brother, he wrote that he "did not recognise his first remarks as my own" and that the actors "do not know their parts and talk nonsense". Irritated by this failure, Chekhov made alterations to the play. Consequently, the final version is different from that first performance. After this revision, it was accepted to be performed in St. Petersburg in 1889. Chekhov's revised version was a success and offered a foretaste of the style and themes of his subsequent masterpieces.
Heaven Lake (novel)
Heaven Lake is the debut novel of American author John Dalton published in 2004. It won both the 2005 Sue Kaufman Prize from the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the  2004 Barnes & Noble Discover Great New Writers Award in Fiction. It gets its name from the Heaven Lake of Tian Shan in northwest China which features towards the end of the novel.

Sue Kaufman Prize for First Fiction
The Sue Kaufman Prize for First Fiction is an American literary award presented by the American Academy of Arts and Letters for debut publications. The $5,000 prize is given for the best published first novel or collection of short stories in the preceding year. It was established in 1979 in memory of author Sue Kaufman.
Bruce Norris
Bruce Norris is the name of:

Bruce Norris (ice hockey) (1924–1986), former owner of the Detroit Red Wings

Bruce Norris (playwright) (born 1960), American actor and playwright

Bruce Norris (character), a character from the CHERUB book series

Bruce Norris (ice hockey)
Bruce Arthur Norris (February 19, 1924 – January 1, 1986) was owner of the Detroit Red Wings professional ice hockey team from 1952 to 1982. He was the son of James E. Norris and half-brother of James D. Norris. Members of the Norris family owned the Red Wings for almost fifty years before selling the franchise to Mike Ilitch in 1982.
Tulfo
Tulfo (Tagalog: [ˈtulfo]) is a Filipino surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ben Tulfo (born 1955), Filipino TV and radio personality

Erwin Tulfo (born 1964), Filipino news anchor and radio commentator

Jocelyn Tulfo (born 1960), Filipino politician, wife of Raffy

Raffy Tulfo (born 1960), Filipino broadcast journalist and politician

Ramon Tulfo (born 1946), Filipino TV host, radio broadcaster and columnist

Wanda Teo (née Tulfo) (born 1952), Filipino travel agent

Jocelyn Tulfo
Jocelyn F. Pua Tulfo (Tagalog: [ˈtulfo]; born Jocelyn F. Pua, February 5, 1961) is a Filipino politician who is a member of the Philippine House of Representatives for the ACT-CIS Partylist since 2019.

She is the wife of broadcaster and incumbent Senator Raffy Tulfo, with whom she had two wedding ceremonies: in 1993 at the Office of the Municipal Circuit Trial Court in Luna, Isabela, and in 1995 in Quezon City. Together, they have two children: Maricel, who also hosts her father's programs Wanted sa Radyo and Idol in Action, and Ralph, the incumbent representative of the 2nd district of Quezon City.
Perineal membrane
The perineal membrane is an anatomical term for a fibrous membrane in the perineum. The term "inferior fascia of urogenital diaphragm", used in older texts, is considered equivalent to the perineal membrane.

It is the superior border of the superficial perineal pouch, and the inferior border of the deep perineal pouch.

Dorsal veins of the penis
In human male anatomy, the dorsal veins of the penis are blood vessels that drain the shaft (corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum), the skin and the glans of the human penis. They are typically located in the midline on the dorsal aspect of the penis and they comprise the superficial dorsal vein of the penis, that lies in the subcutaneous tissue of the shaft, and the deep dorsal vein of the penis, that lies beneath the deep fascia.
Sukhinichi
Sukhinichi (Russian: Сухи́ничи) is a town and the administrative center of Sukhinichsky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, a large railway junction on the Moscow – Kyiv line, situated on the Bryn River 105 kilometers (65 mi) southwest of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 14,806 (2021 Census); 16,273 (2010 Census); 16,387 (2002 Census); 17,762 (1989 Soviet census).

Kaluga
Kaluga (Russian: Калу́га, IPA: [kɐˈɫuɡə] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast, Russia. It stands on the Oka River 150 kilometers (93 mi) southwest of Moscow. Its population was 337,058 at the 2021 census.

Kaluga's most famous resident, the space travel pioneer Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, worked there as a school teacher from 1892 to 1935. The Tsiolkovsky State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics in Kaluga is dedicated to his theoretical achievements and to their practical implementations for modern space research, hence the motto on the city's coat of arms: Колыбель Космонавтики, Kolybélʹ kosmonávtiki ("The Cradle of Space-Exploration").
Samuel Nsowah-Djan
Samuel Nsowah-Djan is a Ghanaian politician and member of the Seventh Parliament of the Fourth Republic of Ghana representing the Upper Denkyira West Constituency in the Central Region on the ticket of the New Patriotic Party.

Central Region (Ghana)
The Central Region is one of the sixteen administrative regions of Ghana. Ashanti and Eastern regions border it to the north, Western region to the west, Greater Accra region to the east, and the Gulf of Guinea to the south. The Central Region is renowned for its many elite high schools and an economy based on an abundance of industrial minerals and tourism. The Central region has tourist attractions including castles, forts and beaches along the region's coastline.
Jatropha cathartica
Jatropha cathartica is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is native to Texas in the United States and Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas in northeastern Mexico. Common names include jicamilla (Spanish) and Berlandier's nettlespurge.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
1985 Monaco Grand Prix
43°44′4.74″N 7°25′16.8″E﻿ / ﻿43.7346500°N 7.421333°E﻿ / 43.7346500; 7.421333

The 1985 Monaco Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monaco on 19 May 1985. It was the fourth race of the 1985 Formula One World Championship.

The 78-lap race was won by Alain Prost, driving a McLaren-TAG. Ayrton Senna took pole position in his Lotus-Renault and led until he suffered an engine failure on lap 14. Michele Alboreto finished second in a Ferrari, with Elio de Angelis third in the other Lotus-Renault.

After the race, de Angelis led the Drivers' Championship by two points from Prost and Alboreto.

Lotus 97T
The Lotus 97T was a Formula One racing car designed by Gérard Ducarouge and built by Team Lotus for use in the 1985 Formula One World Championship. A development of the previous year's 95T, the car was powered by the turbocharged 1.5-litre Renault EF15B V6 engine and ran on Goodyear tyres.
Major League Baseball on television in the 1950s
In 1950 the Mutual Broadcasting System acquired the television and radio broadcast rights to the World Series and All-Star Game for the next six years. Mutual may have been reindulging in dreams of becoming a television network or simply taking advantage of a long-standing business relationship; in either case, the broadcast rights were sold to NBC in time for the following season's games at an enormous profit.

1951 New York Giants (MLB) season
The 1951 New York Giants season was the franchise's 69th season and saw the Giants finish the regular season in a tie for first place in the National League with a record of 96 wins and 58 losses. This prompted a best-of-three National League tiebreaker against the Brooklyn Dodgers, which the Giants won in three games, clinched by Bobby Thomson's walk-off home run, a moment immortalized as the Shot Heard 'Round the World. The Giants, however, lost the World Series to the New York Yankees in six games.
GreatPoint Energy
GreatPoint Energy, Inc. is a Chicago, Illinois based energy company that produces natural gas from coal, petroleum coke, and biomass utilizing catalytic hydromethanation. GreatPoint Energy was founded in 2005 by serial entrepreneur Andrew Perlman and his business partners. The company has raised $150 million in venture capital from Dow, AES Corporation, Suncor Energy Inc., Peabody Energy, Advanced Technology Ventures (ATV), Draper Fisher Jurvetson, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, Khosla Ventures and Citi Capital Advisors (CCA).

In May 2012, GreatPoint Energy and China Wanxiang Holdings closed a $1.25 billion investment and partnership agreement to finance and construct the first phase of a one trillion cubic feet per year coal to natural gas production facility in China. The deal between GreatPoint Energy and Wanxiang was the largest US venture capital investment in 2012.

Khosla Ventures
Khosla Ventures is a private American venture capital firm based in Menlo Park, California. It was founded by entrepreneur Vinod Khosla in 2004 and as of 2021 had approximately US$15 billion in assets under management.

The firm works with early-stage companies in the Internet, computing, mobile technology, artificial intelligence, financial services, agriculture, healthcare and clean technology sectors. It is known for making early capital investments in startups such as Impossible Foods, Instacart, Affirm, DoorDash, Square and OpenAI.
Cephalotes texanus
Cephalotes texanus is a species of arboreal ant of the genus Cephalotes, characterized by an odd shaped head, and the ability to "parachute" by steering their fall if they drop off of the tree they're on. Giving their name also as gliding ants. The species is native of Texas and of the Mexican states of Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosí and Tamaulipas. Their larger and flatter legs, a trait common with other members of the genus Cephalotes, gives them their gliding abilities.

The species was first given a description and a classification in 1919 by Swiss entomologist Felix Santschi.

Felix Santschi
Felix Santschi (1 December 1872 – 20 November 1940) was a Swiss entomologist known for discovering that ants use the sun as a compass and for describing about 2000 taxa of ants.

Santschi is known for his pioneering work on the navigational abilities of ants. In one experiment, he investigated the way harvester ants used the sky to navigate. He found that as long as even a small patch of sky was visible, the ants could return directly to the nest after gathering food. However, when the sky was completely hidden, they lost their sense of direction and began moving haphazardly. Some seventy years later it was shown that ants are guided by the polarization of light.
Iwakiri Castle
Iwakiri Castle (岩切城, Iwakiri-jō) was a Muromachi period Japanese castle located in what is now the ward of Miyagino-ku, in the city of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, in the Tōhoku region of northern Japan. The site has been protected as a National Historic Site since 1982. It was also referred to as Takamori Castle (高森城, Takamori-jō) The castle was home castle of Rusu clan.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Meditjin
"Meditjin" (English: "Medicine") is a song by Indigenous Australian musician Baker Boy featuring Indigenous New Zealand rapper JessB, released on 21 November 2019 as the second single from his debut album Gela (2021).

The song was used in an advertisement for the 2020 AFL season.

"Meditjin" was the recipient of various awards, including Film Clip of the Year and Song of the Year at the 2020 National Indigenous Music Awards and second place in the 2021 Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition.

The Gabriel Gasparinatos directed music video was nominated for Best Video at the ARIA Music Awards of 2020. At the APRA Music Awards of 2021, the song was shortlisted for Song of the Year.

JessB
Jess Bourke, better known as JessB, is a rapper and former professional netballer from Auckland, New Zealand. She has released two EPs (Bloom and New Views) and won Best New Zealand Act at the 2019 MTV Europe Music Awards. JessB's debut studio album is scheduled for release in July 2024.
Gaudium (plant)
Gaudium is a genus of 22 species of flowering plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae previously included in Leptospermum. It was first formally described by Peter Gordon Wilson and Margaret M. Heslewood in the journal Taxon.

Margaret M. Heslewood
Margaret Mary Heslewood is an Australian botanist. Working at the National Herbarium of New South Wales, she focuses on bryophytes, in particular the taxonomy of liverworts.

In partnership with Marco F. Duretto, she has researched and described 21 of the 23 accepted species of Cyanothamnus.

The standard author abbreviation Heslewood is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Cuartel de Santo Domingo
Cuartel de Santo Domingo, also known as Fort Santo Domingo and Intramuros of Sta. Rosa, is an old two-storey Spanish barracks building in Santa Rosa, Laguna in the Philippines. It is currently used as the headquarters of the Special Action Force of the Philippine National Police.

Santa Rosa, Laguna
Santa Rosa, officially the City of Santa Rosa (Filipino: Lungsod ng Santa Rosa), is a  component city in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 430,920 people.

It is the second largest local government unit in Laguna after Calamba. Located 40 kilometers (25 mi) south of Manila, it was rapidly developed into an urban area as a result of the growing congestion and conurbation of the Manila Metropolitan area. It is also the richest city in Luzon outside of Metro Manila in terms of annual income, which was recorded to be ₱4.99 billion as of 2022.

Santa Rosa is derived from Spanish for Saint Rose of Lima, its patron saint to whom it is consecrated to. The town was initially known for the Coca-Cola, RC Cola, and Toyota manufacturing plants in its industrial estates. It later became popular as the site of the Enchanted Kingdom theme park and several housing and commercial developments.
Milena Benovska-Sabkova
Milena Benovska-Sabkova (Bulgarian: Милена Беновска-Събкова; born 1954) is Bulgarian researcher in  ethnology / sociocultural anthropology.

She holds MA in Slavic philology (St. Kliment Ohridski University, 1975), Ph.D. in historical sciences (1990), and dr.hab. in history (2001). Her positions include  research fellow and senior research fellow at the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies in Sofia (1976-2002), professor at New Bulgarian University (2002-2019) and South-West University "Neofit Rilski" (since 2010).

South-West University "Neofit Rilski"
The South-West University "Neofit Rilski" (Bulgarian: Югозападен университет "Неофит Рилски") is a university in Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria. It was founded in 1975. The patron of the university in Blagoevgrad is the patriarch of the new Bulgarian education Neofit Rilski (Neophyte of Rila).
1971 Oxford-Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina
The1971 Oxford e Cambridge rugby union tour of Argentina and Brazil was a series of matches played between July and September 1971 by a selection of the British players of Oxford University RFC & Cambridge University R.U.F.C.

A mixed selection, formed also of many international players of British national team, students at Oxford  and Cambridge universities were arranged for this tour the fourth after the historical 1948, 1956, and 1965 tours. The matches were held in Buenos Aires and Rosario.

The university team lost both the test matches against Argentina national team.

Oxford University RFC
The Oxford University Rugby Football Club (Oxford University RFC or OURFC) is the rugby union club of the University of Oxford. The club contests The Varsity Match every year against Cambridge University at Twickenham.