hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Middle Santiam River
The Middle Santiam River is a tributary of the South Santiam River, 38.5 miles (62.0 km) long, in western Oregon in the United States. It drains a remote area of the Cascade Range east of Sweet Home in the watershed of the Willamette River.

It rises in the Cascades in eastern Linn County in the Willamette National Forest, about half a mile west of Iron Mountain. It flows briefly north, then generally west and southwest through the mountains and Middle Santiam Wilderness. In central Linn County it is impounded at the Green Peter Dam to form the Green Peter Reservoir. Approximately 4 miles (6 km) downstream from the dam it joins the South Santiam from the northeast as an arm of Foster Reservoir.

Foster Reservoir
Foster Reservoir is a reservoir created by Foster Dam on the South Santiam River in the city of Foster, Oregon, United States.  The reservoir is approximately 5.6 km (3.5 mi) long and covers approximately 494 ha (1,220 acres) when full.  Primary use of the reservoir is recreation in the summer and flood control in the winter and spring.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 869
United Nations Security Council resolution 869, adopted unanimously on 30 September 1993, after reaffirming Resolution 743 (1992) and subsequent resolutions relating to the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR), the Council extended its mandate for a further 24 hours until 1 October 1993.

The Council reiterated its determination to ensure the security of UNPROFOR and its freedom of movement for all its missions in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia.

United Nations Protection Force
The United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR; also known by its French acronym FORPRONU: Force de Protection des Nations Unies) was the first United Nations peacekeeping force in Croatia and in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Yugoslav Wars. The force was formed in February 1992 and its mandate ended in March 1995, with the peacekeeping mission restructuring into three other forces (the United Nations Preventive Deployment Force (UNPREDEP) in the Republic of Macedonia, and the United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia (UNCRO) in Croatia, with restructured UNPROFOR operations ongoing in Bosnia and Herzegovina until their replacement by NATO and EU missions in December 1995).
Gopalpur, Bihar Assembly constituency
Gopalpur Assembly constituency is one of 243 legislative assembly constituencies of the legislative assembly of Bihar. It is a part of the Bhagalpur Lok Sabha constituency along with other assembly constituencies viz Bihpur, Pirpainti, Kahalgaon, Bhagalpur and Nathnagar.
The town of Gopalpur, Bihar is part of this constituency.

Bihar Legislative Assembly
The Bihar Legislative Assembly (ISO: Bihār Vidhān Sabhā), is the lower house of the bicameral Bihar Legislature of the state of Bihar in India. The first state elections were held in 1952.

Before the partition of Bihar, the total strength of membership in the assembly was 331, including one nominated member. After the partition, the seats were reduced to 243 members. Shri Krishna Singh became the first leader of the House and the first chief minister, Anugrah Narayan Singh was elected as the first deputy leader of the house and the first deputy chief minister.
2024 Fifth Third Charleston 125 – Doubles
Liang En-shuo and Rebecca Marino were the reigning champions from when the event was last held in 2021, but did not participate this year.

Olivia Gadecki and Olivia Nicholls won the title, defeating Sara Errani and Tereza Mihalíková in the final, 6–2, 6–1.

Rebecca Marino
Rebecca Catherine Marino (born December 16, 1990) is a Canadian professional tennis player. On 11 July 2011, she reached her best WTA singles ranking of No. 38. Marino was awarded Female Player of the Year by Tennis Canada two times, in 2010 and 2011.

She decided in late February 2013 to take an indefinite break from tennis and studied English literature at the University of British Columbia where she was also part of the rowing team. She was also a certified Club Pro 1 coach at the UBC Tennis Centre. In October 2017, Marino announced her intention to return to the pro circuit but her comeback was delayed due to ITF administrative regulations. She was eligible to return at the end of January 2018 and won the title in her first tournament back, a $15k in Antalya, Turkey.
Crenarchaeol
Crenarchaeol is a glycerol biphytanes glycerol tetraether (GDGT) biological membrane lipid. Together with archaeol, crenarcheol comprises a major component of archaeal membranes. Archaeal membranes are distinct from those of bacteria and eukaryotes because they contain isoprenoid GDGTs instead of diacyl lipids, which are found in the other domains (Bacteria, Eukarya). It has been proposed that GDGT membrane lipids are an adaptation to the high temperatures present in the environments that are home to extremophile archaea

Chemical polarity
In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.

Polar molecules must contain one or more polar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms. Molecules containing polar bonds have no molecular polarity if the bond dipoles cancel each other out by symmetry.

Polar molecules interact through dipole-dipole intermolecular forces and hydrogen bonds. Polarity underlies a number of physical properties including surface tension, solubility, and melting and boiling points.
Kathy Acker
Kathy Acker (April 18, 1947 [disputed] – November 30, 1997) was an American experimental novelist, poet, playwright, essayist, critic, performance artist, and postmodernist writer, known for her idiosyncratic and transgressive writing that dealt with complex themes such as childhood trauma, sexuality, language, identity, and rebellion. Her writing incorporates pastiche and the cut-up technique, involving cutting-up and scrambling passages and sentences; she also defined her writing as existing in the post-nouveau roman European tradition. In her texts, she combines biographical elements, power, sex and violence.

Nouveau roman
The Nouveau Roman (French pronunciation: [nuvo ʁɔmɑ̃], "new novel") is a type of French novel in the 1950s and 60s that diverged from traditional literary genres. Émile Henriot coined the term in an article in the popular French newspaper Le Monde on May 22, 1957 to describe certain writers who experimented with style in each novel, creating an essentially new style each time.
Lesley Goldie
Lesley Goldie is a British actress of the early to mid-1970s, especially and better known for her appearances on The Benny Hill Show as guest star.

Her works also include appearances with Mike & Bernie Winters, Frankie Howerd, Des O'Connor and Jimmy Tarbuck; such television programs as Bless This House, Bachelor Father, Father, Dear Father and Tales of the Unexpected (on the last of which she had a small role in a 1981 episode, her last known acting role to date); the 1973 film version of Love Thy Neighbour; and appearances on the London stage including Suddenly at Home (as Maggie Howard, in 1972-73) and The Gay Lord Quex (in 1975, directed by John Gielgud and also co-starring Dame Judi Dench and Siân Phillips).

Father, Dear Father
Father, Dear Father is a British television sitcom produced by Thames Television for ITV from 1968 to 1973 starring Patrick Cargill. It was subsequently made into a spin-off film of the same title released in 1973.

An Australian sequel series of the same name (though usually referred to as Father, Dear Father in Australia to distinguish it from the UK original) followed in 1978. The same year a West German adaptation Oh, This Father starring Willy Millowitsch began, lasting until 1981.
Mushuli
Mushuli (Russian: Мушули) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khunzakhsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It has a population of 467 (2021 census); 553 (2002 census); 401 (1989 Soviet census). There are 7 streets in this selo.

Khunzakhsky District
Khunzakhsky District (Russian: Хунзахский райо́н; Avar: Хунзахъ мухъ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the republic. The area of the district is 551.91 square kilometers (213.09 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Khunzakh. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,691, with the population of Khunzakh accounting for 13.4% of that number.
Likuruanga
Likuruanga is a stratovolcano in easternmost West New Britain Province on the island of New Britain, Papua New Guinea. Its low, dissected edifice contains a large volcanic crater that is breached to the north. The last known eruption from Likuruanga is prehistoric in age, having taken place during the Pleistocene epoch.

A fatality occurred on Likuruanga's northern flank in September 2006 when a boy died in a hole at the village of Bakada. The cause of death was carbon dioxide asphyxiation.

Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of deficient supply of oxygen to the body which arises from abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances that can induce asphyxia, all of which are characterized by the inability of a person to acquire sufficient oxygen through breathing for an extended period of time. Asphyxia can cause coma or death. In 2015, about 9.8 million cases of unintentional suffocation occurred which resulted in 35,600 deaths. The word asphyxia is from Ancient Greek α- "without" and σφύξις sphyxis, "squeeze" (throb of heart).
Tanja Ostertag
Tanja Ostertag (born 26 September 1987) is a German former professional tennis player.

A native of Stuttgart, Ostertag reached a career high ranking of 287 while competing on the professional tour.

Ostertag won two titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, both in Switzerland, and in 2006 had a win over world number 75 Kaia Kanepi at a tournament in Prostejov, which is the highest ranked opponent she defeated on tour.

In Quebec in 2006 she qualified for her only WTA Tour main draw, winning her first round match over Raluca Olaru at the Challenge Bell tournament, before being eliminated in the second round by Olga Puchkova.

Raluca Olaru
Ioana Raluca Olaru (born 3 March 1989) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. The winner of eleven singles and fifteen doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, Olaru reached one WTA Tour singles final, at the 2009 Gastein Ladies, losing to Andrea Petkovic, in straight sets. She also won eleven doubles titles on WTA Tour tournaments.

Olaru was a successful junior player. She was the runner–up in both junior singles and doubles at the 2005 French Open, and captured the 2006 US Open doubles title along with Mihaela Buzărnescu. Her best professional Grand Slam result has been the third round of the 2007 French Open, when she defeated the 30th seed Julia Vakulenko, in straight sets, and lost to eventual runner–up, the seventh seed Ana Ivanovic. Olaru reached her highest singles ranking, world No. 53, on 27 July 2009, and her best doubles ranking, No. 30, on 31 January 2022.

Olaru announced her retirement from tennis in June 2024.
Red Meat Republic
Red Meat Republic: A Hoof-to-Table History of How Beef Changed America is a 2019 nonfiction agricultural history book written by Joshua Specht and published by Princeton University Press. It covers the history of beef production in the United States, along with cattle ranching, and how the increase and expansion of beef products have been entwined with the rise of American commercial power. The book started as an extension of Specht's doctoral dissertation that he defended in 2014 and his desire to publish an actual historical form of food writing, unlike other books he admired such as The Omnivore's Dilemma. The exterior of the hardcover uses a plain brown wrapping that was applauded by Andrew R. Graybill in his Reviews in American History analysis thanks to it directly "evoking the look and even the feel of the butcher paper used to package a slab of store-bought beef".

Reviews in American History
Reviews in American History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1973 and published by the Johns Hopkins University Press. It publishes reviews of new books on the topic of American history, as well as retrospectives on influential titles of the past. All areas of American history, including political, military, economic, gender, religious, social, cultural, legal, intellectual, artistic, and philosophical, are covered. The current editor-in-chief is Ari Kelman of the University of California, Davis.
Ekaterina Rumyantseva
Ekaterina Rumyantseva (born 28 January 1991) is a Russian biathlete and cross-country skier. She represented the Neutral Paralympic Athletes at the 2018 Winter Paralympics, which is also her first Paralympic competition.

Ekaterina clinched a gold medal in the women's 6km standing event at the 2018 Winter Paralympics, while the silver medal was claimed by her fellow Russian compatriot Anna Milenina in the relevant event, who also competed under the Neutral Paralympic flag.

In 2018, she was named "Disabled Female Athlete of the Year" in the nomination "Overcoming" by the Ministry of Sport of Russia. She was also named the International Sports Prize World Athlete of the Year award in 2018.

Para biathlon
Para biathlon is a winter sport that combines target shooting and cross-country skiing. It is a race with contestants alternating between skiing through a cross-country trail and shooting at targets; missed shots result in a penalty of either extra time or extra distance. Para biathlon includes standing events, sitting events (for wheelchair users), and events for athletes with visual impairments, and has been a Paralympic sport since 1988.

An adaptation of biathlon for athletes with a disability, Para biathlon is one of two Nordic skiing disciplines in the Paralympic Winter Games, the other being Para cross-country skiing. Since 2024, the sport is governed by the International Biathlon Union (IBU).
A6023 road
The A6023 road runs for 5.5 miles (8.9 km) from Conisbrough to Wath-upon-Dearne via Mexborough and Denaby Main. In the east, it starts at, and passes Conisbrough Castle.

A short section of the road over the railway line between Doncaster and Sheffield was bypassed in 2002. The bypass was projected to cost £5 million, and had been planned for some time. The diversion meant building a bridge to the west of the level crossing over the railway and adjacent River Don. The western end of the road which runs through Manvers Way Business Park, is built on the old formation of the railway lines serving the Midland Railway's station at Wath, and the Manvers coal and coke complex.

Between 2004 and 2017, the road was average between 11,000 and 12,000 vehicles per year. In 2018, it was revealed that the road may be diverted in the Mexborough area due to work on HS2 between Birmingham and Leeds, although final details have not yet been released.

Denaby Main
Denaby Main is a village between Mexborough and Conisbrough in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster in South Yorkshire, England. The village falls within the Doncaster MBC ward of Conisbrough and Denaby.  It was built by the Denaby Main Colliery Company to house its workers and their families, and originally given the name Denaby Main Colliery Village, to distinguish it from the village of Denaby, about 2⁄3 mi (1 km) away on the road to Hooton Roberts and Kilnhurst; from that time, the old village became known as Old Denaby.  In due course the "Colliery Village" part of the name was lost, leaving the village to be known as Denaby Main.
Kissing, Bavaria
Kissing (German pronunciation: [ˈkɪsɪŋ]) is a municipality in the Aichach-Friedberg district, in Bavaria, Germany. It is located just 10 km (6.2 mi) south of Augsburg and has about 11,200 inhabitants (2007).

Kissing was first mentioned in a document in 1050 AD as Chissingin, it was a minor regional centre of rule and jurisdiction called a Hofmark. In even earlier times, around 500, there was a thing hill nearby, which was later swept away by the floods of the river Lech.

The surname Kissinger (as in Henry Kissinger) means inhabitant of Kissing or Kissingen. The English meaning of the village's name has resulted in its being the butt of jokes in popular media. For instance, The Grand Tour featured the village in the 2017 episode "[censored] to [censored]", as part of a road trip from Wank via Kissing, Petting, and Fugging (then named Fucking) to Wedding.

Wank (mountain)
The Wank (German pronunciation: [ˈvaŋk]) is a mountain in southern Germany, situated in the Loisach valley close to the Austrian border in the southwestern Ester Mountains range near Garmisch-Partenkirchen. It rises from about 700 metres (2,300 ft) above mean sea level up to 1,780 metres (5,840 ft) at the summit. The mountain is crowned by a grassy summit which has views over Garmisch-Partenkirchen and the surrounding region. The summit can be reached via the eponymous Wankbahn, a cable car system that runs during the summer months, or by a network of footpaths that criss-cross the area. A mountain hut on the summit, the Wank-Haus, provides food and accommodation, and a nearby scientific observatory plays a role in monitoring atmospheric and climatic conditions. The Wank is a destination for hikers, day-trippers from Garmisch-Partenkirchen and paragliders.
Ainslie Wood, London
Ainslie Wood  (previously known as Endleigh Wood and Little Larks) is a 2.03 hectares (5.0 acres) Local Nature Reserve and a Grade I Site of Nature Conservation Interest surrounded by urban housing in Chingford in the London Borough of Waltham Forest in England. It is owned by Waltham Forest Borough Council and operated by the council with Friends of Ainslie and Larks Woods.

The site is ancient woodland. The main trees are oak, hornbeam and the rarer wild service tree. The park hosts a great variety of birds, including great spotted woodpeckers, blue tits, great tits, robins, wrens, long tailed tits and jays. The wildlife also includes squirrels and foxes. It also has rich ground flora, including bluebells, dog's-mercury and wood anemone.

There is access from Royston Avenue, Ropers Avenue and Woodside Gardens.

Mercurialis perennis
Mercurialis perennis, commonly known as dog's mercury, is a poisonous woodland plant found in much of Europe as well as in Algeria, Iran, Turkey, and the Caucasus, but almost absent from Ireland, Orkney and Shetland. A member of the spurge family (Euphorbiaceae), it is a herbaceous, downy perennial with erect stems bearing simple, serrate leaves. The dioecious inflorescences are green, bearing inconspicuous flowers from February to April.  It characteristically forms dense, extensive carpets on the floor of woodlands and beneath hedgerows.
Gum metal
Gum metal, also called TNTZ, is a unique titanium alloy with high elasticity, ductility, and yield strength. While originally developed with a composition of 23% niobium, 0.7% tantalum, 2% zirconium, and 1% oxygen, it can exist over a range of compositions and also include vanadium and hafnium.

Applying cold work to gum metal actually decreases its elastic modulus, with reported shear moduli as low as 20 gigapascals (2,900,000 psi).
At the same time, cold work increases gum metal's yield strength. By using a heat treatment after this cold work, some elasticity can be sacrificed for even greater strength, with yield strengths ranging as high as 2 gigapascals (290,000 psi), on par with some of the strongest steels.

"Gum metal" is a registered trademark of Toyota Central R&D Labs and was initially developed there. The results of that research were first published in April 2003.

Toyota Central R&D Labs
Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. (TCRDL) (Japanese: 豊田中央研究所, romanized: Toyota Chuou Kenkyuusho) is the research institute of the Toyota Group. It cooperates with Toyota Group and Toyota Technological Institute (TTI). The facility is located in Nagakute, near Nagoya in Aichi, Japan. The facility was established in November 1960 with a capital of 500 million yen. Currently, there are about 1000 employees conducting both fundamental and applied research in a large variety of topics for the Toyota group and other partners. The current president is Ishikawa, and the current capital is 3 billion yen.
Tufa
Tufa is a variety of limestone formed when carbonate minerals precipitate out of water in unheated rivers or lakes. Geothermally heated hot springs sometimes produce similar (but less porous) carbonate deposits, which are known as travertine or thermogene travertine. Tufa is sometimes referred to as meteogene travertine.

Precipitation (chemistry)
In an aqueous solution, precipitation is the "sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution". The solid formed is called the precipitate. In case of an inorganic chemical reaction leading to precipitation, the chemical reagent causing the solid to form is called the precipitant.

The liquid remaining above the precipitated or the centrifuged solid phase is also called the supernate or supernatant.
2019 Ando Securities Open – Doubles
Rika Fujiwara and Yuki Naito were the two-time defending champions, having won the previous editions in 2016 and 2017, however both players chose not to participate.

Choi Ji-hee and Han Na-lae won the title, defeating Haruka Kaji and Junri Namigata in the final, 6–3, 6–3.

Han Na-lae
Han Na-lae (Korean: 한나래; born 6 July 1992) is a South Korean former professional tennis player.
Han has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 149, achieved June 2019, and a doubles ranking of No. 95, set on 7 November 2022. Han won one doubles title on the WTA Tour and two doubles titles on the Challenger Tour, along with 13 singles titles and 28 doubles titles (nine alongside Yoo Mi and four with Jang Su-jeong, both fellow Korean players) on the ITF Circuit. A left-hander, she hits both forehand and backhand with two hands.
2C-T-30
2C-T-30, also known as 2C-T-FB or as 4-(4-fluorobutylthio)-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine, is a serotonin receptor modulator of the phenethylamine and 2C families. It is the derivative of 2C-T in which the 4-methylthio group has been replaced with a 4-(4-fluorobutylthio) group. According to Daniel Trachsel, 2C-T-30 was not clearly active at a dose of 6 mg plus 3 mg orally and its duration and effects are unknown. However, it was said that it might have helped increase ability to concentrate on tasks. The drug is a potent partial agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor and also interacts with other serotonin receptors and targets. The chemical synthesis of 2C-T-30 has been described. 2C-T-30 was first described in the scientific literature by Trachsel in 2003. It is a controlled substance in Canada under phenethylamine blanket-ban language.

Substituted phenethylamine
Substituted phenethylamines (or simply phenethylamines) are a chemical class of organic compounds that are based upon the phenethylamine structure; the class is composed of all the derivative compounds of phenethylamine which can be formed by replacing, or substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the phenethylamine core structure with substituents. Phenylethylamines are also generally found to be central nervous system stimulants with many also being entactogens/empathogens, and hallucinogens.