hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Modafinil acid
Modafinil acid (code name CRL-40467), also known as modafinilic acid or modafinil carboxylate, is one of the two major metabolites of modafinil – the other being modafinil sulfone. Modafinil acid is also a metabolite of the modafinil prodrug, adrafinil, and the (R)-(–)-enantiomer is a metabolite of armodafinil, the (R)-(–)-enantiomer of modafinil. Between 30 - 60% of modafinil is converted to modafinil acid and its half life is roughly half that of modafinil (about 7 hours). Modafinil acid seems to be inactive, and similarly to modafinil sulfone, does not appear to contribute to the wakefulness-promoting/psychostimulant effects of modafinil.

In the breakdown process of modafinil, modafinil is primarily hydrolyzed by an esterase or amidase enzyme into modafinil acid. The apparent clearance of modafinil acid is significantly higher than that of modafinil, following the hypothesis that metabolism increases the polarity and the clearance of modafinil.

Esterase
In biochemistry, an esterase is a class of enzyme that splits esters into an acid and an alcohol in a chemical reaction with water called hydrolysis (and as such, it is a type of hydrolase).

A wide range of different esterases exist that differ in their substrate specificity, their protein structure, and their biological function.
2010 Cork Junior A Football Championship
The 2010 Cork Junior A Football Championship was the 112th staging of the Cork Junior A Football Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board. The draw for the opening fixtures took place on 13 December 2009. The championship ran from 26 September to 31 October 2010.

The final was played on 31 October 2010 at Páirc Uí Rinn in Cork, between Cloyne and White's Cross, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Clyne won the match by 0–10 to 0–09 to claim their first ever championship title.

White's Cross's Ken O'Keeffe was the championship's top scorer with 0–15.

Páirc Uí Rinn
Páirc Uí Rinn (pronounced [ˈpˠaːɾʲc iː ˈɾˠiːn̠ʲ]), also known as Páirc Chríostóir Uí Rinn, is a Gaelic Athletic Association stadium located between Ballinlough and Ballintemple in Cork. It was previously known as Flower Lodge  and was used as an association football stadium. During the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, Flower Lodge served as the home ground of three League of Ireland clubs – Cork Hibernians, Albert Rovers and Cork City. It also hosted friendly matches featuring Manchester United, Liverpool and the Republic of Ireland national football team. In 1989 it was purchased by Cork GAA and subsequently renamed after Christy Ring, a former Cork and Glen Rovers hurler. During the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, Páirc Uí Rinn has served as Cork GAA's second home after Páirc Uí Chaoimh. It regularly hosts National Hurling League, National Football League, National Camogie League and All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship fixtures.
George and Lola Perkins House
The George and Lola Perkins House is a historic building located in Sac City, Iowa, United States. George B. Perkins was a Wisconsin native who served as the president of First National Bank, and two terms in the Iowa House of Representatives, two terms the Iowa Senate, and Mayor of Sac City as a Republican. Lola was from a prominent local family, and was college educated. She purchased the lot that this house was built on in 1905.

The house was designed by George F. Barber of Knoxville, Tennessee, who was known for his published catalogs of house plans. The 2½-story, frame, Colonial Revival features a curved portico on the main facade and roof dormers. There is also a carriage house on the property.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Brighton Herald
The Brighton Herald (renamed The Brighton Herald & Hove Chronicle in 1902 and the Brighton & Hove Herald in 1922) was a weekly newspaper covering the boroughs of Brighton and Hove in southeast England.  Founded in 1806 as the first newspaper in the fashionable seaside resort of Brighton, it survived until 1971 and was one of England's "leading provincial weekly" newspapers—being the first publication in the country to report several important international events, such as Napoleon's escape and the start of the July Revolution.  Based in the centre of Brighton throughout its 165-year existence, it moved in 1934 to new premises at Pavilion Buildings, near the Royal Pavilion.

Royal Pavilion
The Royal Pavilion (also known as the Brighton Pavilion) and its surrounding gardens form a Grade I listed former royal residence located in Brighton, England. Beginning in 1787, it was built in three stages as a seaside retreat for George, Prince of Wales, who became the Prince Regent in 1811, and King George IV in 1820. It is built in the Indo-Saracenic style prevalent in India for most of the 19th century. The current appearance, with its Mughal inspired features such as bulbous domes, chhatri-topped minarets and cusped arches, is the work of the architect John Nash, who extended the building starting in 1815. George IV's successors William IV and Victoria also used the Pavilion, but Queen Victoria decided that Osborne House should be the royal seaside retreat, and the Pavilion was sold to the city of Brighton in 1850.
Troy Miller (film producer)
Troy Miller is an American film producer, director and screenwriter. He is best known for his work in comedy and has directed four feature films as well as directing and producing numerous TV shows and specials.

MTV Movie & TV Awards
The MTV Movie & TV Awards is a film and television awards show previously presented annually on MTV. It began as the MTV Movie Awards in 1992, when its first edition was held, and adopted its current name in 2017, beginning with its 26th edition.

The awards ceremony has traditionally been tied to the start of the summer blockbuster season for the film industry, and since the launch of the television awards, the opening of that industry's awards season. The nominees are decided by producers and executives at MTV. The winners are then decided by the general public. Presently, voting is done only through an official MTV Movie & TV Awards voting website. Winners are presented with the "Golden Popcorn" statue made by New-York-firm Society Awards.

The 2023 MTV Movie & TV Awards were the most recent as the event was not held in 2024 nor 2025.
Xantheia Pennisi
Xantheia Pennisi (born 26 November 1998) is an Australian high diver. She represented Australia at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships in Gwangju, South Korea, and she finished in sixth place in the women's high diving event. In 2019, she finished in ninth place in the 2019 Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series. She also competed in the 2023 Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series and 2025 Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series.

In 2023, she competed in the women's event at the World Aquatics Championships held in Fukuoka, Japan. She also competed in the women's event at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships held in Doha, Qatar.

Pennisi was born in Sunnybank, a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland. Her Filipina mother is from Tarlac.

2023 Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series
The 2023 Red Bull Cliff Diving World Series was a season of the Red Bull-sponsored international cliff diving series. It is the 15th edition of this event. The series began on 3 June in Boston, United States, with the final event on 28 January 2024 in Auckland, New Zealand.
Jewan Lal
Jewan Lal (born 1970) is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. He is a former MLA from Bani Assembly constituency in Kathua district. He won the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Bani Assembly constituency
Bani Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir, a region administered as a union territory of India. Bani is also part of Udhampur Lok Sabha constituency.
Saltash with the Water Ferry
Saltash with the Water Ferry is an 1811 landscape painting by the British artist Joseph Mallord William Turner. It depicts the town of Saltash on the River Tamar, directly across from the major port of Plymouth in Devon A ferry ran between the two settlements and is depicted in the painting. It shows an inn and several smaller craft. The presence of a redcoat sentry and a quote from Horatio Nelson are reminders of the ongoing Napoleonic Wars.

Turner painted it during an 1811 visit to the West Country. He also produced a view of the nearby Hamoaze. Turner exhibited the painting in his own gallery in London rather than at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition. In 1846 it was displayed at the Royal Hibernian Academy in Dublin. The work is today in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, having been acquired in 1889 through the Marquand Collection of Henry Gurdon Marquand.

Royal Hibernian Academy
The Royal Hibernian Academy of Arts (RHA) is an artist-based and artist-oriented institution in Ireland, founded in Dublin in 1823. Like many other Irish institutions, such as the Royal Irish Academy, the academy retained the word "Royal" after most of Ireland became independent as the Irish Free State in December 1922.
Truart Film Corporation
Truart Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company active during the silent era. Actors Larry Semon and Elaine Hammerstein starred in a number of the company's productions.

Film distribution
Film distribution, also called film exhibition or film distribution and exhibition, is the process of making a film available for viewing to an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing and release strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater, physical media (DVD, Blu-ray), digital download/transactional video on demand (VOD) (sale or rental), subscription VOD (e.g. Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV+, Disney+, Netflix) or television programs through broadcast syndication. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.
Jimmy MacDonald (rugby union)
James Stirling MacDonald (15 July 1879 – 27 April 1925) was a Scotland international rugby union player.

MacDonald came from Stellenbosch in South Africa and was capped for Scotland as a varsity rugby player at the University of Edinburgh, where he studied medicine. He was a wing three–quarter and could also be utilised as a goal–kicker. Capped five times, MacDonald scored one of Scotland's two tries, and had another disallowed, in their 6–3 Calcutta Cup win over England in 1904. This win also secured Scotland the Home Nations title.

1904 Home Nations Championship
The 1904 Home Nations Championship was the twenty-second series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Six matches were played between 9 January and 19 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
Ford, West Sussex
Ford  is a village and civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England. It is centred 2 miles (3 km) south by south-west of Arundel and west of Worthing. The civil parish very gently slopes to the east, where it has the public track alongside the River Arun and the land is low but well-drained at 2 to 7 metres above Ordnance Datum (sea level).

The parish includes HM Prison Ford, otherwise known as Ford Open Prison centred on the site of two former government installations, the RAF Ford Battle of Britain airfield and the Royal Naval Air Station HMS Peregrine.  These have a small commemorative garden, Rollaston Park, along the road of the same name.

Ford railway station is on the West Coastway Line which has the listed building and pub next to it on semi-rural Arundel Road.  Some larger units of Rudford Industrial estate are in the south of the parish.

Ordnance datum
An ordnance datum (OD) is a vertical datum used by an Ordnance Survey as the basis for deriving altitudes on maps. A spot height may be expressed as above ordnance datum (AOD). Usually mean sea level (MSL) at a particular place is used for the datum.
Ikarbus
Ikarbus a.d. (full legal name: Ikarbus – Fabrika autobusa i specijalnih vozila a.d.) is a Serbian bus manufacturer based in Zemun, Belgrade.

It was originally established as an aircraft manufacturer in 1923, under the name Ikarus. In 1954, it commenced bus production and since 1960 it completely shifted towards it. In 1992, it changed its name to Ikarbus. Since 2019, it is majority owned by the Chinese "Green Stone Investment Co.".

Rába (automobile)
The Rába was a Hungarian automobile manufactured from 1912 to 1914. Rába automobile was a subsidiary of the Rába (company) in Győr.  A product of the Rába company in the city of Győr, the engine of the car was the 4.2-liter 58 hp (44 kW) Praga "Grand". The car was built in limited numbers, under the Praga license.  Raba also produced cars of other licences, including Benz, Panhard, and Austro-Daimler. It exists to date as a manufacturer of trucks. The steward's office ordered a special RÁBA Grand for the personal use of Emperor Charles I of Austria. It was manufacturer of agricultural vehicles, like the Rába tractors.
Algeria at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Algeria was represented at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States by the Algerian Olympic Committee.

In total, 45 athletes including 39 men and six women represented Algeria in nine different sports including athletics, boxing, fencing, handball, judo, rowing, swimming, weightlifting and wrestling.

Algeria won three medals at the games after Noureddine Morceli and Hocine Soltani won gold in the men's 1500 m and the men's lightweight boxing respectively and Mohamed Bahari won bronze in the men's middleweight boxing.

Algerian Olympic Committee
The Algerian Olympic and Sport Committee (Arabic: اللجنة الأولمبية و الرياضية الجزائرية, French: Comité Olympique et Sportif Algérien) (IOC code: ALG) is the National Olympic Committee representing Algeria. It was created on 18 October 1963 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee on 27 January 1964.
Champeigne tourangelle
Champeigne tourangelle is a natural micro-region east of Touraine located southeast of Tours.

This grain growing micro-region, classified Natura 2000, extends between the Cher Valley, Sainte-Maure de Touraine Plateau and Gâtine Tourangelle of Loches. Composed of two limestone plates cut by the valleys of the Indre river and the Indrois river, it covers all or part of the territories of the following municipalities:  Athée-sur-Cher, Azay-sur-Indre, Bléré, Chambourg-sur-Indre, Chanceaux-près-Loches, Chédigny, Cigogné, Cormery, Courcay, fr:Dolus-le-sec, Genillé, Le Liège, Luzillé, Reignac-sur-Indre, Saint-Quentin-sur-Indrois, Sublaines et Tauxigny.

Indre (river)
The Indre (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃dʁ] ⓘ) is a 279.3 km (173.5 mi) long river in central France, a left tributary to the Loire.

Its source is in the department of Cher, near Préveranges. It flows through the departments of Cher, Indre and Indre-et-Loire. It flows generally northwest, through the communes of La Châtre, Châteauroux and Loches.

It joins the Loire near the site of the Chinon nuclear power plant, north of Avoine.

Its main tributary is the Indrois, which joins at Azay-sur-Indre. A smaller tributary is the Trégonce.

Departments and towns along the river:

Cher

Indre: La Châtre, Châteauroux

Indre-et-Loire: Loches
Cordoaria Nacional
38°41′51″N 9°11′25″W﻿ / ﻿38.6975°N 9.1903°W﻿ / 38.6975; -9.1903
The Cordoaria Nacional was a former naval rope-making factory in Belém, Lisbon District, Portugal. It now functions as an exhibition centre.

Lisbon District
Lisbon (Portuguese: Lisboa) is a district located along the western coast of Portugal.  The district capital is the city of Lisbon, which is also the national capital. From its creation in 1835 until 1926, it included the area of the current Setúbal District.
Kropacz coat of arms
Kropacz (Kropáč or Niewiadomski II) is a Polish coat of arms and Czech coat of arms. It was used by several knight and szlachta (cs šlechtice) families in the times of the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Bohemia and Duchies of Silesia.

Duchies of Silesia
The Duchies of Silesia were the more than twenty divisions of the region of Silesia formed between the 12th and 14th centuries by the breakup of the Duchy of Silesia, then part of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1335, the duchies were ceded to the Kingdom of Bohemia under the Treaty of Trentschin. Thereafter until 1742, Silesia was one of the Bohemian crown lands and lay within the Holy Roman Empire. Most of Silesia was annexed by the King of Prussia under the Treaty of Berlin in 1742. Only the Duchy of Teschen, the Duchy of Troppau and the Duchy of Nysa remained under the control of the Bohemian crown and as such were known as the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia until 1918.
Kaʻena Point, Oʻahu
21°34′31″N 158°16′57″W﻿ / ﻿21.57528°N 158.28250°W﻿ / 21.57528; -158.28250

Kaʻena Point is the westernmost tip of the island of Oʻahu. In Hawaiian, kaʻena means "the heat". The area was named after a brother or cousin of Pele. The point is designated as a Natural Area Reserve.

Pele (deity)
In Hawaiian religion, Pele (pronounced [ˈpɛlɛ]) is the goddess of volcanoes and fire and the creator of the Hawaiian Islands. Often referred to as "Madame Pele" or "Tūtū Pele" as a sign of respect, she is a well-known deity within Hawaiian mythology and is notable for her contemporary presence and cultural influence as an enduring figure from ancient Hawaii. Epithets of the goddess include Pele-honua-mea ('Pele of the sacred land') and Ka wahine ʻai honua ('The earth-eating woman').

In different stories talking about the goddess Pele, she was born from the female spirit named Haumea, a descendant of Papa, or Earth Mother, and Wakea, Sky Father, both descendants of the supreme beings. Pele is also known as "She who shapes the sacred land," known to be said in ancient Hawaiian chants. The first published stories about Pele were written down by William Ellis.: 5
Clemson Island Prehistoric District
Clemson Island Prehistoric District is a historic archaeological site and national historic district located at Halifax Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.  It is a series of three spatially discrete loci.  They constitute a transitional Middle Woodland - Late Woodland (c. 900-1100 A.D.) earthwork mound and associated village. There is evidence of occupation from the Early Archaic period (c. 6,900 B.C.) to the 18th century.  The mound was excavated in May and June 1929.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. The 123-acre island is accessible only by boat. It has been owned by the state of Pennsylvania since 1965 and managed as a wildlife preserve and improvement area.

Mound
A mound is a heaped pile of earth, gravel, sand, rocks, or debris. Most commonly, mounds are earthen formations such as hills and mountains, particularly if they appear artificial. A mound may be any rounded area of topographically higher elevation on any surface.   Artificial mounds have been created for a variety of reasons throughout history, including habitation (see Tell and Terp), ceremonial (platform mound), burial (tumulus), and commemorative purposes (e.g. Kościuszko Mound).
Quaestura exercitus
The quaestura exercitus was an administrative district of the Eastern Roman Empire with a seat in Odessus (present-day Varna) established by Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565) on May 18, 536.

Territorially, the quaestura exercitus contained the Roman provinces of Moesia Inferior and Scythia Minor, located in the lower Danube region, as well as the provinces of Cyprus, Caria, and the Aegean Islands. All of these provinces were detached from the praetorian prefecture of the East and placed under the authority of a new army official known as the quaestor exercitus ('quaestor of the army'). The authority of the quaestor was the equivalent to that of a magister militum.

Praetorian prefecture of the East
The praetorian prefecture of the East, or of the Orient (Latin: praefectura praetorio Orientis, Greek: ἐπαρχότης/ὑπαρχία τῶν πραιτωρίων τῆς ἀνατολῆς) was one of four large praetorian prefectures into which the Late Roman Empire was divided. As it comprised the larger part of the Eastern Roman Empire, and its seat was at Constantinople, the praetorian prefect was the second most powerful man in the East, after the Emperor, in essence serving as his first minister.
Dom Vallie
Dom Vallie is the stage name of Dominic Turton, a Canadian rapper from Kitchener, Ontario. He has been a two-time Juno Award nominee, receiving nods for Rap Single of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2023 for his single "Been Himma", and Rap Album/EP of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2025 for See You When I See You.

Juno Award for Rap Album/EP of the Year
The Juno Award for Rap Album or EP of the Year is an annual Canadian music award, presented by the Juno Awards to honour full-length releases by Canadian hip hop artists. Announced at the Juno Awards of 2021, it was presented for the first time at the Juno Awards of 2022.

The award is presented alongside a new category for Rap Single of the Year.

Until 2022, albums and individual songs were considered together under the single Rap Recording of the Year category. The changes were announced to coincide with the 30th anniversary of the creation of the Junos rap category.
B. L. Rallia Ram
Bihari Lal Rallia Ram was an anti-colonial politician associated with the Indian National Congress and the founding secretary of All India Conference of Indian Christians. After partition, Ram stayed in Pakistan and launched the All Pakistan Christian League. In April 1950, he was inducted as a representative of Punjab in the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan.

Ram was a graduate from University of Lahore, and a staunch adherent of Gandhi. In British India, he was involved with several Christian organizations — as National General Secretary of the YMCA of India, Burma and Ceylon, and Secretary of the Punjab Indian Christian Association. From 1940 to 1945, Ram served as an honorary treasurer of the Indian Olympic Association.

Indian Olympic Association
The Indian Olympic Association, abbreviated as IOA, (ISO: Bhāratīya Olaṃpika Saṃgha) is responsible for selecting athletes to represent India at the Olympic Games, Asian Games and other international sports competitions, and managing Indian teams at these events. It goes with the name of Team India. It also acts as the Indian Commonwealth Games Association, responsible for selecting athletes to represent India at the Commonwealth Games.
2015 Tonsa bombing
On 14 October 2015, a suicide bombing killed at least 7 people and injured thirteen others in Taunsa Sharif, Punjab, Pakistan. The attack took place inside the political office of Pakistan Muslim League (N) MNA Sardar Amjad Farooq Khan Khosa, who was not present. Sardar Khosa, who was attending a meeting in Islamabad, said he did not receive any threat or alert prior to the blast. A Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan splinter group, Jamaat-ul-Ahrar, claimed responsibility for the attack.

Taunsa
Taunsa, or Tonsa, is a city in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is the capital of Taunsa District. It is located on the bank of the Indus River and is known for its agricultural and irrigational significance. The city is primarily inhabited by Saraiki speaking people, with a significant minority of Balochi speakers.