hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Multipurpose Applied Physics Lattice Experiment
MAPLE, short for the Multipurpose Applied Physics Lattice Experiment, later renamed MDS Medical Isotope Reactors (MMIR), was a dedicated isotope-production facility built by AECL and MDS Nordion. It included two identical reactors, I and II, as well as the isotope-processing facilities necessary to produce a large portion of the world's medical isotopes, especially molybdenum-99, medical cobalt-60, xenon-133, iodine-131 and iodine-125.

An operational license for the MAPLE I reactor was granted in 1999, and the reactor went critical for the first time in early 2000. MAPLE II followed in the fall of 2003. Problems with the reactors during the testing period, most notably an unexpected positive power co-efficient of reactivity, led to the cancellation of the project in 2008 and the shutdown of both reactors.

Nuclear chain reaction
In nuclear physics, a nuclear chain reaction occurs when one single nuclear reaction causes an average of one or more subsequent nuclear reactions, thus leading to the possibility of a self-propagating series or "positive feedback loop" of these reactions. The specific nuclear reaction may be the fission of heavy isotopes (e.g., uranium-235, 235U). A nuclear chain reaction releases several million times more energy per reaction than any chemical reaction.
Hemorrhois
Hemorrhois is a squamate genus containing four species of aglyphous (non-venomous) ophidian colubrid snakes, commonly referred to as whip-snakes and Asian racers, respectively. Snakes of this genus are found in an array of habitats, though they predominantly inhabit arid regions, with the most common three species of the four being found on the Iberian Peninsula and in Morocco and Northern Africa. The species H. nummifer, the Asian racer, is found in the far east of mainland Greece, Turkey and the Levant (as far south as Jordan), as well as across Armenia and into Northern Iran, ranging as far east as Kyrgyzstan.

Snakes of the genus Hemorrhois are also found on certain islands in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, including the Azores and Madeira (Portugal), Cyprus, Formantera and Ibiza (Spain), Malta, Rhodes and Kalymnos (Greece), and Sardinia (Italy).

Aridity
Aridity is the condition of geographical regions which make up approximately 43% of total global available land area, characterized by low annual precipitation, increased temperatures, and limited water availability. These areas tend to fall upon degraded soils, and their health and functioning are key necessities of regulating ecosystems’ atmospheric components.
Bermuda at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Bermuda sent a delegation to compete at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, United States from 8–24 February 2002.  This was Bermuda's fourth appearance at a Winter Olympic Games. The delegation consisted of a single competitor, luge racer Patrick Singleton. This was his second Olympics, and he finished his event in 37th place.

Patrick Singleton
Patrick Singleton (born October 15, 1974) is a Bermudian luger who competed in the late 1990s and early 2000s before going into skeleton in 2002. In 1998, Singleton finished 27th in the men's singles event while he finished 37th in the same event four years later.

He finished 19th in the men's skeleton event at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. He suffered an injury shortly before the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and did not compete.

Singleton's best finish at the FIBT World Championships was 24th at Calgary in 2005.
Icon (computing)
In computing, an icon is a graphic symbol displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate a computer system. It may also be a hardware icon. It can serve as an electronic hyperlink or file shortcut to access the program or data. The user can activate an icon using a mouse, pointer, finger, or voice commands. Their placement on the screen, also in relation to other icons, may provide further information to the user about their usage. In activating an icon, the user can move directly into and out of the identified function without knowing anything further about the location or requirements of the file or code.

Icons as parts of the graphical user interface of a computer system, in conjunction with windows, menus and a pointing device (mouse), belong to the much larger topic of the history of the graphical user interface that has largely supplanted the text-based interface for casual use.

User (computing)
A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. A user typically has a user account and is recognized by the system through a username. Some software products provide services to other systems and have no direct end users.
Mangroviflexus
Mangroviflexus is a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and obligately anaerobic genus of bacteria from the family of Marinilabiliaceae with one known species (Mangroviflexus xiamenensis). Mangroviflexus xiamenensis has been isolated from mangrove sediments from the Dongzhai Port in China.

Dongzhai Port Nature Reserve
Dongzhai Port Nature Reserve, also called the Hainan Dongzhai Bay National Nature Reserve, Dongzhai Harbor Mangrove, and Dongzhai Harbor Mangrove Natural Reserve Area, is located within Dongzhai Harbor, in the area of Yanfeng Town, Meilan District, Haikou, Hainan, China. It has an area of 2,500 hectares (6,200 acres) and includes six rivers. The coastline is very irregular and includes a number of bays and tidewater gullies. The mangrove forest on the south coast provides a habitat for birds and other wildlife.

The Nature Reserve has been placed on the UNESCO World Heritage Sites Tentative List.

There are 36 species of mangrove plants in 19 families. The reserve is also home to around 214 species of birds, 115 molluscs species, 160 species of fish, as well as shrimp, crabs and various crustaceans. Numerous species of waterfowl spend the winter in this reserve, including  Australian migratory birds.
Cochylimorpha elongana
Cochylimorpha elongana is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Fennoscandia, Ireland, Great Britain, the Baltic region and most of the Balkan Peninsula. It is also found in Asia Minor.

The wingspan is about 17 mm.

The larvae feed on Artemisia campestris, Helichrysum species and Achillea millefolium.

Fennoscandia
Fennoscandia (Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian: Fennoskandia; Russian: Фенноскандия, romanized: Fennoskandiya), Fenno-Scandinavia, or the Fennoscandian Peninsula, is a peninsula in Europe which includes the Scandinavian and Kola peninsulas, mainland Finland, and Karelia. Administratively, this roughly encompasses the mainlands of Finland, Norway and Sweden, as well as Murmansk Oblast, the Republic of Karelia, and parts of northern Leningrad Oblast in Russia.
Mariampol, Zgierz County
Mariampol [maˈrjampɔl] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Parzęczew, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south of Parzęczew, 15 km (9 mi) north-west of Zgierz, and 22 km (14 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Parzęczew, Łódź Voivodeship
Parzęczew [paˈʐɛnt͡ʂɛf] is a town in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Parzęczew. It lies approximately 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Zgierz and 26 km (16 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź. It is located within the historic Łęczyca Land.
Giacomo Gaglione
Giacomo Gaglione, TOSF (July 20, 1896 – May 28, 1962) was an Italian member of the Third Order of St. Francis, and a lifelong invalid, who became the founder of the Apostolate of Suffering. On 3 April 2009, he was declared venerable by Pope Benedict XVI and the Congregation for the Causes of Saints has opened his process of beatification.

Dicastery for the Causes of Saints
In the Catholic Church, the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints, previously named the Congregation for the Causes of Saints (Latin: Congregatio de Causis Sanctorum), is the dicastery of the Roman Curia that oversees the complex process that leads to the canonization of saints, passing through the steps of a declaration of "heroic virtues" and beatification. After preparing a case, including the approval of miracles, the case is presented to the pope, who decides whether or not to proceed with beatification or canonization.
Richard Plunkett, 2nd Baron of Dunsany
Richard Plunkett, 2nd Baron of Dunsany (died c. 1482) was an Irish nobleman. He was one of at least five surviving sons of Christopher Plunkett, 1st Baron of Dunsany, and his first wife Anne Fitzgerald, daughter of Richard FitzGerald. He succeeded to the title in 1462.

He married Joan FitzEustace, daughter of Rowland FitzEustace, 1st Baron Portlester and his first wife Elizabeth Brune; Portlester was a powerful political figure, at various times both Lord Treasurer of Ireland and Lord High Chancellor of Ireland.  Richard Plunkett was alive in 1477 and died around 1482, being succeeded by his son John Plunkett, 3rd Baron of Dunsany. His widow remarried her cousin Sir Maurice FitzEustace.

Lord High Treasurer of Ireland
The Lord High Treasurer of Ireland was the head of the Exchequer of Ireland, and chief financial officer of the Kingdom of Ireland. The designation High was added in 1695.

After the Acts of Union 1800 created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Consolidated Fund Act 1816 merged the Irish Inferior Exchequer into the British Treasury with effect from 1817.

The act also mandated that the post of Lord High Treasurer of Ireland could only be held together with the post of Treasurer of the Exchequer, with the person holding both being Lord High Treasurer. If no person is appointed to the combined positions, then the Lord High Treasurer of Ireland is placed in commission and represented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, as has been the case continuously since 1816.

The Superior Irish Exchequer, or Court of Exchequer, remained, led by the Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer.
2013–14 Regionalliga
The 2013–14 Regionalliga was the sixth season of the Regionalliga, the second under the new format, as the fourth tier of the German football league system. The champions of Regionalliga Nord – Holstein Kiel – and Regionalliga Nordost – RB Leipzig – as well as Regionalliga Südwest runners-up SV Elversberg were promoted to the 3. Liga. Alemannia Aachen, Babelsberg 03 and Kickers Offenbach were relegated from 3. Liga.

Regionalliga Südwest
The Regionalliga Südwest ('Regional League Southwest') is the fourth tier of the German football league system in the states of Hesse, Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland. It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West.

The league was formed in 2012, when the clubs from the Regionalliga Süd, except those from Bavaria, were joined by the clubs of the Regionalliga West from Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate.
La Riviere (Radford, Virginia)
La Riviere, also known as the William Ingles House, is a historic home located at Radford, Virginia. It was built in 1892–1893 by Captain Billy Ingles, the great-grandson of Colonel William Ingles, and is a two-story Queen Anne house with a brick first story and a stuccoed frame second story. The house sits on rock-faced limestone blocks and has a slate-sheathed hipped roof. It features a three-story battlemented tower, a conservatory, and a curving wraparound porch.  Also on the property are a contributing cook's house, garage, ice house, drive, and wall and gate.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

William Ingles
William Ingles (1729 – September, 1782), also spelled Inglis, Ingliss, Engels, or English, was a colonist and soldier in colonial Virginia. He participated in the Sandy Creek Expedition and was a signatory of the Fincastle Resolutions. He was eventually promoted to colonel in the Virginia Regiment. His wife, Mary Draper Ingles, was captured by Shawnee warriors and held captive for months before escaping and walking several hundred miles to her settlement. William's sons, Thomas and George, were also held captive, although William was able to ransom his son Thomas in 1768. William Ingles established Ingles Ferry in southwestern Virginia.
Balla Fasséké
In the ancient African oral tradition of the Epic of Sundjata, Balla Fasséké is Sundiata Keita's jeli (griot). King Naré Maghann Konaté offered his son Sundiata a jeli, Balla Fasséké, to advise him in his reign. He would go on to serve as the ancestor of the Kouyate dynasty of Malinke griots.

Griots were the "present each king gives his successor", they were the aristocratic oral historians that attended kings, recording and recalling the legacies of kings and kingdoms. Griots have existed "since time immemorial," or as long as "Kouyates have been in the service of the Keita princes of Mali."

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
2002 Estoril Open – Men's doubles
Radek Štěpánek and Michal Tabara were the defending champions but only Štěpánek competed that year with Leoš Friedl.

Friedl and Štěpánek lost in the first round to Martin Damm and Cyril Suk.

Karsten Braasch and Andrei Olhovskiy won in the final 6–3, 6–3 against Simon Aspelin and Andrew Kratzmann.

Cyril Suk
Cyril Suk III (born 29 January 1967) is a Czech former professional tennis player. A doubles specialist, Suk won five Grand Slam titles, one men's doubles and four Grand Slam mixed doubles titles and 32 ATP Tour doubles titles during his career.
Luigi Lanzi
Luigi Antonio Lanzi SJ (13 June 1732 – 31 March 1810) was an Italian Jesuit priest, known for his writings as an art historian and archaeologist. When he died he was buried in the church of the Santa Croce at Florence by the side of Michelangelo.

Santa Croce, Florence
The Basilica di Santa Croce (Italian for 'Basilica of the Holy Cross') is a minor basilica and the principal Franciscan church of Florence, Italy. It is situated on the Piazza di Santa Croce, about 800 metres (2,600 ft) southeast of the Duomo, on what was once marshland beyond the city walls. Being the burial place of notable Italians, including those from the Italian Renaissance such as Michelangelo, Galileo, and Machiavelli, as well as the poet Foscolo, political philosopher Gentile and the composer Rossini, it is also known as the Temple of the Italian Glories (Tempio dell'Itale Glorie).
0-4-4T
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 0-4-4 represents the wheel arrangement of no leading wheels, four powered and coupled driving wheels on two axles, and four trailing wheels on two axles. This type was only used for tank locomotives.

In the UK 0-4-4 tanks were mainly used for suburban or rural passenger duties. In America, the wheel arrangement became known as the Forney, after a specific design of 0-4-4s, the Forney locomotive, became heavily used on the narrow curves of elevated railways and other rapid transit lines.

Wheel arrangement
In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive. Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country.  Within a given country, different notations may also be employed for different kinds of locomotives, such as steam, electric, and diesel powered.

Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.
2019 Paris ePrix
The 2019 Paris ePrix was a Formula E electric car race held at the Circuit des Invalides in the Les Invalides building complex on 27 April 2019. It was the eighth race of the 2018–19 Formula E season and the fourth and final edition of the event.

André Lotterer
André Lotterer (born 19 November 1981) is a German racing driver who competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship for Genesis Magma Racing. He is best known for his success in endurance racing with the Audi works team, including three victories in the 24 Hours of Le Mans and two FIA World Endurance Championship drivers' titles. In Japanese motorsport, Lotterer won the Formula Nippon Championship in 2011, and two Super GT GT500 titles in 2006 and 2010, all with TOM'S.

Lotterer was also a test driver for the Jaguar Formula One team in 2002. Twelve years later, he joined Caterham, replacing Kamui Kobayashi at the 2014 Belgian Grand Prix. Later he competed in Formula E from 2017 to 2023.
Goujon (surname)
The surname Goujon is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jean Goujon  (c. 1510 – c. 1565), French Renaissance sculptor

Jean Goujon (cyclist) (1914–1991), French cyclist

Jean-Marie Claude Alexandre Goujon (1766–1795), politician of the French Revolution

Philippe Goujon (born 1954), French politician

Jean Goujon (cyclist)
Jean Goujon  (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ɡuʒɔ̃]; 21 April 1914 – 28 April 1991) was a French cyclist. He won the gold medal in team pursuit at the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1937 he turned professional and rode the 1937 Tour de France. He retired in 1949.
Error concealment
Error concealment is a technique used in signal processing that aims to minimize the deterioration of signals caused by missing data, called packet loss. A signal is a message sent from a transmitter to a receiver in multiple small packets. Packet loss occurs when these packets are misdirected, delayed, resequenced, or corrupted.

Packet loss
Packet loss occurs when one or more packets of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. Packet loss is either caused by errors in data transmission, typically across wireless networks, or network congestion.: 36  Packet loss is measured as a percentage of packets lost with respect to packets sent.

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) detects packet loss and performs retransmissions to ensure reliable messaging. Packet loss in a TCP connection is also used to avoid congestion and thus produces an intentionally reduced throughput for the connection.

In real-time applications like streaming media or online games, packet loss can affect a user's quality of experience (QoE).
Fred Goliah
Frederick Goliah (1888 - November 21, 1935) was a  Negro league baseball infielder  for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League, and in its first few seasons. He played for the Chicago Giants, Chicago American Giants and Leland Giants. He also played for the 25th Infantry Wreckers team during World War I.

Chicago American Giants
The Chicago American Giants were a Chicago-based Negro league baseball team. From 1910 until the mid-1930s, the American Giants were the most dominant team in black baseball. Owned and managed from 1911 to 1926 by player-manager Andrew "Rube" Foster, they were charter members of Foster's Negro National League. The American Giants won five pennants in that league, along with another pennant in the 1932 Negro Southern League and a second-half championship in Gus Greenlee's Negro National League in 1934.
Paintings conservator
A paintings conservator is an individual responsible for protecting cultural heritage in the form of painted works of art. These individuals are most often under the employ of museums, conservation centers, or other cultural institutions.  They oversee the physical care of collections, and are trained in chemistry and practical application of techniques for repairing and restoring paintings.

Conservation and restoration of cultural property
The conservation and restoration of cultural property focuses on protection and care of cultural property (tangible cultural heritage), including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections. Conservation activities include preventive conservation, examination, documentation, research, treatment, and education. This field is closely allied with conservation science, curators and registrars.
Canadian punk rock
The first punk rock bands in Canada emerged during the late 1970s, in the wake of the US bands Ramones, The New York Dolls, and Blondie, and the UK band Sex Pistols. The Viletones, the Diodes and the Demics were among the pioneers, together with the Skulls (featuring Joey who formed DOA and Wimpy (Brian Roy) who led the Subhumans) from Vancouver, and Hamilton's Teenage Head, whose records and live shows earned them the nickname "Canada's Ramones". Vibrant local punk scenes sprung up in Toronto and Vancouver and other Canadian cities.

The Skulls (Canadian band)
The Skulls were an early Vancouver punk rock band, whose members would later found two of the area's bands: D.O.A. in 1978, and The Subhumans. They toured heavily and issued a demo, but never released any albums.
Mary Alice Sarvis
Mary Alice Sarvis (20 December 1914 – 16 June 1965) was an American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst active in the San Francisco Bay Area from the 1940s to the mid-1960s. Sarvis worked with the Oakland Police Department and Oakland Public Schools to increase understanding of and collaborate with underserved populations. Additionally, Sarvis maintained a private practice and taught at UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare. Established after Sarvis' unexpected death in 1965, the Mary Sarvis Memorial Fund continues the work of Sarvis by giving small, life-improving grants to Bay Area children for targeted individual needs such as medical supplies and extracurricular activities.

UC Berkeley School of Social Welfare
The School of Social Welfare of the University of California, Berkeley, was established June 1, 1944 and is located in Haviland Hall on the UC Berkeley campus. Its focus is to prepare graduates to become agents of social change through direct practice, agency management, policymaking, and leading new discoveries that address the grand challenges confronting society. Berkeley Social Welfare offers the Bachelor of Arts in Social Welfare through the College of Letters and Science (L&S), the M.S.W., and the Ph.D.
Harkenbäk
Harkenbäk (or Harkenbeck, Harkenbeek) is a creek in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany that empties into the Baltic Sea.

The Harkenbäk rises west of the Schippmannsberges between the city of Dassow and the district of Pötenitz in northwest Mecklenburg. 
It flows northwest to the Bay of Lübeck in the Baltic Sea.
In 1188 Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, defined the mouth of the creek as the seaward boundary of the harbor of Travemünde.

Bay of Lübeck
The Bay of Lübeck (German: Lübecker Bucht, German pronunciationⓘ), also known as the Bight of Lübeck, is a basin in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the shores of the German states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Schleswig-Holstein. It forms the southwestern part of the Bay of Mecklenburg.

The main port is Travemünde, a borough of the city of Lübeck, at the mouth of river Trave. The Elbe–Lübeck Canal connects the Baltic Sea with the Elbe River. The bay is surrounded by the land strips of Ostholstein and Nordwestmecklenburg. Located in the North of the Bay, the Hansa-Park amusement park creates a popular sight for families all around the region and Southern Denmark. The Pötenitzer Wiek Lake splits the states of Schleswig-Holstein and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and got historical attention, as it gave East Germany refugees the possibility to flee from East Germany into West Germany.