hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Language-independent specification
A language-independent specification (LIS) is a programming language specification providing a common interface usable for defining semantics applicable toward arbitrary language bindings.

LIS's are language-agnostic; they mitigate the risk that a certain language binding might reduce compatibility with other languages. An ideal LIS allows the language bindings to take advantage of features of a programming language uncompromisingly.

Examples of LIS include Interface description language (IDL), Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator (SWIG) and Common Language Infrastructure (CLI).

Recursive transcompiling can be used to distribute a language independent specification across many different technologies, with each technology potentially keeping an authoritative description of a different part of the specification.  Recursive transcompiling provides the general methodology for distributing this authoritative information through the rest of the derivative code pipeline.

Programming language specification
In computer programming, a programming language specification (or standard or definition) is a specification language or documentation artifact that defines a programming language so that users and implementors can agree on what programs in that language mean. Specifications are typically detailed and formal, and primarily used by implementors, with users referring to them in case of ambiguity; the C++ specification is frequently cited by users, for instance, due to the complexity. Related documentation includes a programming language reference, which is intended expressly for users, and a programming language rationale, which explains why the specification is written as it is; these are typically more informal than a specification.
Grit & Grind
Grit & Grind is the seventh studio album by American rapper E-40. It was released on July 9, 2002, by Sick Wid It Records and Jive Records. Production was handled by Rick Rock, Tone Capone, Afroman, B. Bumble, Bosko, Lil' Jon, Michael "Mike D" Dinkins, Mike Mosley, Sam Bostic, Smash and Steve Vicious. It features guest appearances from 8Ball, Afroman, B-Legit, Bosko, Bun B, Fabolous, Harm, James "Stomp Down" Bailey, Keak da Sneak, Kokane, Lil' Jon & The Eastside Boyz, Petey Pablo, Suga Free and Suga-T.

The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 and number 5 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts in the United States. It was supported with two singles: "Automatic" and "Rep Yo City", which peaked on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts at No. 72 and No. 73, respectively.

Bun B
Bernard James Freeman (born March 19, 1973), known professionally as Bun B, is an American rapper. He is best known as one half of the Southern rap duo UGK (Underground Kingz), which he formed in 1987 alongside Pimp C. Aside from his work with UGK, Bun B has released five solo albums, including 2010's Trill OG, which received the rare 5-mic rating from The Source.
Lisa Ortiz
Lisa Ortiz is an American voice actress and voice director. She is best known for her roles in English anime adaptations, such as Lina Inverse in Slayers and Amy Rose in Sonic X. She voiced the latter character in the mainline and spin-off Sonic the Hedgehog video games from 2005 to 2010.

Ortiz has served as voice director for the English dub of Pokémon since 2016, in addition to having performed several voice roles during the anime's first season. In 2021, she reprised Tao Jun in the Netflix anime Shaman King.

Slayers
Slayers (Japanese: スレイヤーズ, Hepburn: Sureiyāzu) is a Japanese light novel series written by Hajime Kanzaka and illustrated by Rui Araizumi. The novels have been serialized in Dragon Magazine since 1989, before being published into individual volumes. They follow the adventures of teenage sorceress Lina Inverse and her companions as they journey through their world. Using powerful magic and swordsmanship they battle overreaching wizards, demons seeking to destroy the world, and an occasional hapless gang of bandits.

Slayers inspired several spin-off novel series and has been adapted into numerous manga titles, anime television series, anime films, OVA series, role-playing video games, and other media. Including the spin-off series and digital copies, the novels have sold over 22 million copies. The anime series is considered to be one of the most popular of the 1990s.
Gruner
Gruner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dov Gruner (1912–1947), Jewish Zionist leader

Eduard Gruner, Swiss engineer

Elioth Gruner (1882–1939), Australian painter

Gottlieb Sigmund Gruner (1717–1778), Swiss cartographer and geologist

Klaus Gruner (born 1952), German handball player

Nicholas Gruner (1942–2015), Canadian priest

Olivier Gruner (born 1960), French kickboxer

Paul Gruner (1869–1957), Swiss physicist

Peter Gruner, professional wrestler known as Billy Kidman

Silvia Gruner (born 1959), Mexican artist

Sybille Gruner (born 1969), German handball player

Walther Gruner (1905–1979), German-born British singing teacher

Werner Gruner (1904–1995), German engineer

Olivier Gruner
Olivier Gruner (French: [ɔlivje ɡʁyne] ⓘ) (born 2 August 1960) is a French actor, filmmaker, martial artist and former kickboxer. Born in Paris, he moved back to France in 1988 after serving in the French Armed Forces and competing as a professional kickboxer, during which time he won a silver medal at the W.A.K.O. World Championships. He has appeared in over 40 films and 4 television series and is best known for martial arts and action films.
Vasilisa Marzaliuk
Vasilisa Aliaksandraŭna Marzaliuk (Belarusian: Васіліса Аляксандраўна Марзалюк; born 23 June 1987) is a Belarusian wrestler. She is a three-time World bronze medalist and the 2011 European silver medalist. In June 2015, she represented Belarus at the inaugural European Games, winning gold in the women's freestyle 75 kg.

Marzaliuk appeared in the 72 kg category at the 2012 Summer Olympics, losing the bronze medal match to Spain's Maider Unda. She competed in women's freestyle 75 kg at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. In the bronze medal match, she lost to China's Zhang Fengliu.

In 2020, she won one of the bronze medals in the women's 76 kg event at the Individual Wrestling World Cup held in Belgrade, Serbia. In March 2021, she qualified at the European Qualification Tournament to compete at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. In April 2021, she competed in the 76 kg event at the European Wrestling Championships in Warsaw, Poland.

Wrestling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's freestyle 75 kg
Women's freestyle 75 kilograms competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, took place on August 18 at the Carioca Arena 2 in Barra da Tijuca.

This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.
The Kryptonite Sparks
The Kryptonite Sparks, abbreviated as TKS, are a Romanian indie rock band formed in Botoșani in 2009.

The band's current line-up consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Călin-Răzvan Diaconu, vocalist and bass player Rareș Diaconu and drummer Ștefan “Șteff” Boriceanu.

They have released one live album: Fac Io, Nu Fac Io (2019), two extended plays: The Kryptonite Sparks (2013), Doi // A Doua Undă De Bruiaj (2016) and fourteen singles to date.

"Și Golanii Beau Ceai" (2016) was their first single to reach #1 on Radio Guerrilla Top 40 charts, followed by "Ne Ascundem" (2017), "Noapte În Nord" (2017), "Interlocutor" (2018) and "3301_(Suflete_în_Ghiozdan)" (2021).

The band have featured at many festivals including Electric Castle, SummerWell, Peninsula. They have toured extensively throughout Romania, with international shows including France, Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece. They have won a number of awards including "Best Alternative Newcomer 2014/2015” awarded by Metalhead Awards.

Botoșani
Botoșani (Romanian pronunciation: [botoˈʃanʲ] ⓘ) is the capital city of Botoșani County, in the northern part of Moldavia, Romania. Today, it is best known as the birthplace of many celebrated Romanians, including Mihai Eminescu, Nicolae Iorga and Grigore Antipa.
Tso Wung-wai
Dr. Tso Wung-wai (Chinese: 曹宏威; born 28 February 1941), BBS is a Hong Kong politician and chemistry professor. He is an adjunct professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, and has also served as a Hong Kong delegate to the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China.

Tso Wung-wai completed his bachelor's degree in biochemistry  at CUHK, took an M.Sc in Miami, and went on to study for his Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He is a member of the Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA).

Bronze Bauhinia Star
The Bronze Bauhinia Star (Chinese: 銅紫荊星章, BBS) is the lowest rank in Order of the Bauhinia Star, under the honours system of Hong Kong, created in 1997 to replace the British honours system after the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR).

It is awarded to persons who have given outstanding service over a long period of time, but in a more limited field or way than that required for the Silver Bauhinia Star.
Matterson
Matterson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Donald Matterson (1953/1954 – 1972), American bank robber

Frank Matterson (1904–1980), Australian rugby player

Garth John Matterson, for whom Matterson Inlet was named

Neil Matterson (rower) (d. 1933), Australian professional sculler

Ryan Matterson (b. 1994), Australian rugby player

Terry Matterson (born 1967 in Auburn, New South Wales), Australian rugby league football coach and player

Frank Matterson
Francis Albert Matterson (1904–1980) was an Australian rugby league player who played in the 1920s and 1930s.

Frank 'Dutchy' Matterson was a loyal player from the Western Suburbs Magpies. He played 85 games during a nine-year career at the club. Frank played for Wests between 1924-1933. He won a premiership with the club, playing in the 1930 Grand Final.

He also played for New South Wales on four occasions in 1929.

Frank 'Dutchy' Matterson died on 2 February 1980, aged 75.
Mahitha Mohan
Mahitha Mohan is an Indian cyclist who has been national champion in multiple road, track, and mountain bike events. At the 2010 South Asian Games, she was the 50 km Mass Start gold medal winner. She was named India's best cyclist in 2010.

2010 South Asian Games
The 2010 South Asian Games, officially the XI South Asian Games, was a major multi-sport event that took place from 29 January to 8 February 2010 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. This was the third time that the Bangladeshi capital hosted the South Asian Games, thus becoming the first city to hold the games three times.

Roughly 2000 athletes from eight countries competed at the games in 23 different sports. The sporting giant of the region, India, continued its dominance in the game's medal tally with a staggering 175 medals including 90 gold medals. Pakistan narrowly beat the host country in gold medals count with 19, while the host Bangladesh captured 18 golds including the region's most popular and prestigious football and cricket titles. Bangladesh, however, earned second spot in total medal count beating out Pakistan. Sri Lanka's Shehan Abeypitiya becomes the fastest man while Pakistan's Naseem Hamid was crowned the fastest woman of the region winning 100 meter sprint.
2003 Iowa highway transfer of jurisdiction
On July 1, 2003, the Iowa Department of Transportation transferred control of more than 700 miles (1,100 km) of highway to county and local governments in order to save money and to increase operational efficiency.  Most of the highways turned over were short spurs connecting small, rural communities and state parks to the highway system.

Spur route
A spur route is a short road forming a branch from a longer, more important road such as a freeway, Interstate Highway, or motorway. A bypass or beltway is not considered a  spur route as it typically reconnects with another or the same major road.
Benny Cederfeld de Simonsen
Benny Sophie Caroline Andrea Cederfeld de Simonsen née Treschow (1865–1952) was a Danish peace activist. She is remembered as an effective member of Danske Kvinders Fredskæde, the Danish branch of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), later known as Kvindernes Internationale Liga for Fred og Frihed (KILFF). From 1931 to 1939, she was the organization's vice-president. She was an active participant at the international WILPF conferences from 1926 to 1937 as well as a member of their international committee where she dealt with the rights of minorities.

Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) is a non-profit non-governmental organization working "to bring together women of different political views and philosophical and religious backgrounds determined to study and make known the causes of war and work for a permanent peace" and to unite women worldwide who oppose oppression and exploitation. WILPF has national sections in 37 countries.

The WILPF is headquartered in Geneva and maintains a United Nations office in New York City.
Shuysky (inhabited locality)
Shuysky (Russian: Шу́йский; masculine), Shuyskaya (Шу́йская; feminine), or Shuyskoye (Шу́йское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Shuysky (rural locality), a settlement in Prudovsky Selsoviet of Novosilsky District of Oryol Oblast

Shuyskoye, Smolensk Oblast, a selo in Shuyskoye Rural Settlement of Vyazemsky District of Smolensk Oblast

Shuyskoye, Vologda Oblast, a selo in Sukhonsky Selsoviet of Mezhdurechensky District of Vologda Oblast

Shuyskaya, a station in Prionezhsky District of the Republic of Karelia

Novosilsky District
Novosilsky District (Russian: Новосильский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Oryol Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 778.3 square kilometers (300.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Novosil. Population: 8,561 (2010 Census);  10,591 (2002 Census); 16,800 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Novosil accounts for 42.7% of the district's total population.
Saint-Vigor-des-Mézerets
Saint-Vigor-des-Mézerets (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ viɡɔʁ de mezʁɛ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Terres de Druance.

The former commune is part of the area known as Suisse Normande.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.
Srinivas (singer)
Srinivasan Doraiswamy, known by his stage name Srinivas or Jeans Srinivas, is an Indian playback singer in the Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada, and Hindi music industries. Credited to 3000 songs, he is also a music composer, working on projects including films, jingles, albums, television serials, and devotional albums. He received the Kalaimamani award by the Tamil Nadu state government in 2005 and the Tamil Nadu State Film Award twice for the songs "Minsara Poove" (Padayappa) in 1999 and "Maargazhiyil" (Onbadhu Roobai Nottu) in 2008. He has also received the Best Male Singer Kerala State Film Award for the song "Bhasuri" (Rathri Mazha) in 2007, the Film Critics Award for Best Composer for the movie "Seetha Kalyanam" in 2009, and Best Playback Singer for "Kaisi Hai Yeh Ruth" (Dil Chahta Hai).

Alai Payuthey (soundtrack)
Alai Payuthey is the soundtrack album, composed by A. R. Rahman, to the 2000 Indian Tamil film of the same name. The soundtrack album consists of nine tracks from the original Tamil version of the album, whereas the Telugu version has seven tracks. The soundtrack of Alaipayuthey was unanimously hailed as a Mani Ratnam film soundtrack turning for rhythmic fusion using modern synthesizers. A film, initially planned with film score, eventually took place.

The soundtrack was well-received by audiences and received a number of awards the subsequent year. The original soundtrack sold over six lakh cassettes, and A. R. Rahman won the Filmfare Award for Best Music Director in 2000. The film score achieved cult status after the release of the film.
Ken Hough
Kenneth William Hough (24 October 1928 – 20 September 2009) was a cricketer and association football player who represented both New Zealand and Australia in football. He also represented New Zealand in Test cricket. Hough was born in Auburn, a suburb of Sydney, Australia. He died, aged 80, in Gladstone, Queensland.

Gladstone, Queensland
Gladstone (/ˈɡlædstən/ GLAD-stən) is a coastal city in the Gladstone Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the Gladstone urban area had a population of 45,185 people.

It is 517 km (321 mi) by road north-west of the state capital, Brisbane, and 108 km (67 mi) south-east of Rockhampton. Situated between the Calliope and Boyne Rivers, Gladstone is home to Queensland's largest multi-commodity shipping port, the Port of Gladstone.

Gladstone is the largest town within the Gladstone Region and the headquarters of Gladstone Regional Council is located in Gladstone.
Heritage conservation in Hong Kong
This article details the history and status of heritage conservation in Hong Kong, as well as the role of various stakeholders.

An indication of the size of the built heritage in Hong Kong is given by a territory-wide survey conducted by the Antiquities and Monuments Office (AMO) between 1996 and 2000, which recorded some 8,800 buildings. The preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage is also an emerging theme.

Government Records Service
Government Records Service (GRS) is the central records management service agency of the Hong Kong Government. It aims to be the most insightful, resourceful and leading public archives in Hong Kong. The department is subordinate to the Administration Wing of the Office of the Chief Secretary for Administration.

The agency incorporates the Public Records Office (PRO, 歷史檔案館), which is the designated archives to preserve and make accessible the archival records of the HKSAR Government. As of 2022, the office is the custodian of over 1.7 million archival holdings in various media and formats.
Balmain Power Station
The Balmain Power Station was located at Iron Cove, 4 km (2 mi) from Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. The station no longer exists and residential properties now occupy the site. This plant is often confused with the White Bay Power Station, which still stands in Rozelle.

Iron Cove
Iron Cove is a bay on the Parramatta River, in the inner-west of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) due west of Sydney's central business district. It is surrounded by the suburbs of Birchgrove, Balmain, Rozelle, Lilyfield, Haberfield, Five Dock, Rodd Point, Russell Lea and Drummoyne. The bay extends from Longnose Point to the south-west and is fed by the Hawthorne Canal and the Iron Cove Creek.
1997–98 Irish League Cup
The 1997–98 Irish League Cup (known as the Wilkinson Sword League Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 12th edition of the Irish League Cup, Northern Ireland's secondary football knock-out cup competition. It concluded on 9 September 1997 with the final.

Crusaders were the defending champions after their first League Cup win last season; a 1–0 victory over Glentoran in the previous final. This season they went out in the quarter-finals to eventual winners Linfield, who lifted their fourth League Cup with a 1–0 victory over arch-rivals Glentoran in the final, condemning the Glens to their second successive League Cup final defeat.

This was the last competition to feature clubs from the Irish League B Division. From the following season onwards, the competition would only be open to senior clubs in the top two divisions.

Wilkinson Sword
Wilkinson Sword is a British brand selling razors and other personal care products, currently owned by Edgewell Personal Care. The company was founded as a manufacturer of guns made in Shotley Bridge in County Durham, by Henry Nock in London in 1772.

Besides guns, the company has also produced swords, bayonets and products such as typewriters, garden shears, scissors and motorcycles. Gardening equipment is still made under the Wilkinson Sword name by E.P. Barrus under a licensing arrangement. Wilkinson Sword has manufactured its products in three UK locations over the years: in London (Chelsea and Acton), Cramlington in Northumberland, and Bridgend in Wales, where it made gardening tools. In 2000, the company closed its razor plant in the UK and consolidated production in Germany. In 2014, the company further moved most of its production to the Czech Republic.
Billy Bischoff Jr.
William Bischoff Jr. (12 March 1938 – 6 June 2023) was an Australian professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. He played for Balmain in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition. His father, Billy Bischoff also played for Balmain and was a member of the 1939 premiership winning team.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
Kirner
Kirner is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Gary Kirner (born 1942), American football player

Joan Kirner (1938–2015), Australian politician

Johann Baptist Kirner (1806–1866), German painter

Randy Kirner (born 1946), American politician

Joan Kirner
Joan Elizabeth Kirner AC (née Hood; 20 June 1938 – 1 June 2015) was an Australian politician who was the 42nd Premier of Victoria, serving from 1990 to 1992. A Labor Party member of the Parliament of Victoria from 1982 to 1994, she was a member of the Legislative Council before later winning a seat in the Legislative Assembly. Kirner was a minister and briefly deputy premier in the government of John Cain Jr., and succeeded him as premier following his resignation. She was Australia's third female head of government and second female premier, Victoria's first, and held the position until her party was defeated in a landslide at the 1992 state election.