hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rezovo (river)
The Rezovo (also Rezovska reka, Rezvaya and Rezve; Bulgarian: Резовска река [ˈrɛzofskɐ rɛˈka]; Turkish: Mutludere [mutˈludeɾe]) is a river in the extreme southeast of Bulgaria and northernmost part of European Turkey. Its length is 112 km, of which the uppermost 23 km are in Turkey and 89 km form the Bulgaria–Turkey border.

The name Rezovo is thought to have originated from the mythical king of Thrace Rhesus.

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
The Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (abbreviated BAS; Bulgarian: Българска академия на науките, romanized: Bŭlgarska akademiya na naukite, abbreviated БАН) is the National Academy of Bulgaria, established in 1869.

The Academy, with headquarters in Sofia, is autonomous and consists of a Society of Academicians, Correspondent Members and Foreign Members. It publishes and circulates different scientific works, encyclopaedias, dictionaries and journals, and runs its own publishing house.

The activities are distributed in three main branches: Natural, mathematical and engineering sciences; Biological, medical and agrarian sciences and Social sciences, humanities and art. They are structured in 42 independent scientific institutes, and a dozen of laboratories and other sections.

Julian Revalski has been the president of the BAS since 2016. As of 2022, its budget was 119,860 million leva (€61.28 million).
Banat Village Museum
The Banat Village Museum (Romanian: Muzeul Satului Bănățean) is an open-air ethnographic museum in northeastern Timișoara, at the edge of the Green Forest. Spread over an area of 17 ha, the museum is designed as a traditional Banat village and includes peasant households belonging to various ethnic groups in Banat (Romanians, Slovaks, Swabians, Ukrainians, Hungarians, etc.), buildings with social function of the traditional village (town hall, school, church, etc.), folk art installations and workshops.

Green Forest, Timișoara
The Green Forest (in Romanian Pădurea Verde, in Hungarian Vadászerdő, in German Jagdwald, the last two translated as "hunting forest") is an urban forest located in northeastern Timișoara, covering an area of 724 ha (or 737 ha according to other sources). It is seen as Timișoara's green lung and is also an important recreation and leisure area.
VxInsight
VxInsight is a knowledge mining tool developed by Sandia National Laboratories with the Institute for Scientific Information.  It allows the user to visualize the relationship between groups of objects in large databases as a 3D landscape.

In what Hillier et al. call a "pioneering study," VxInsight has been used to analyze gene expression (i.e. microarray) data across a number of conditions in C. elegans.  Using VxInsight, Kim et al. were able to cluster genes into "mounts" with coherent functions, and were also able to make novel observations, such as the finding that distinct classes of transposons (such as Tc3 and Mariner transposons) appear to be differentially regulated during development.

Transposable element
A transposable element (TE), also   transposon, jumping gene, or mobile genetic element, is a DNA sequence that can change its position, or translocate, within a genome. TEs were first identified via genetic studies in maize by Barbara McClintock, a discovery for which she was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

TEs are very common in all types of organisms in nature, including in plants and animals. As of 2008, there were at least two classes of TEs: Class I TEs or retrotransposons, which generally function via reverse transcription; and Class II TEs or DNA transposons, which encode the protein transposase (and sometimes other proteins), which they require for insertion, excision, or other TE functions.
Royal Roads Military College
Royal Roads Military College (RRMC) was a Canadian military college from 1940 to 1995, located in Hatley Park, Colwood, British Columbia, near Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

The facility now serves as the campus of Royal Roads University, a public university that offers applied and professional academic programs on-campus and via distance education.

The campus' centrepiece is Hatley Castle, which was erected by architect Samuel Maclure in the early 20th century for British Columbia coal magnate James Dunsmuir and his wife, Laura.

Samuel Maclure
Samuel Maclure (11 April 1860 – 8 August 1929) was a Canadian architect and artist in British Columbia, Canada, from 1890 to 1920. He was born on 11 April 1860 in Sapperton, New Westminster, British Columbia, to John and Martha Maclure. He studied painting at the Spring Garden Institute in Philadelphia from 1884 to 1885, and he was a self-taught architect. He married Margaret Catherine (Daisy) Simpson, an accomplished pianist and portrait painter, on 10 August 1889.
Blues in the Night (film)
Blues in the Night is a 1941 American musical film noir directed by Anatole Litvak and starring Priscilla Lane, Richard Whorf, Betty Field, Lloyd Nolan, Elia Kazan, and Jack Carson. It was released by Warner Bros. Pictures. The project began filming with the working title Hot Nocturne, the play upon which it is based, but was eventually named after its principal musical number "Blues in the Night", which became a popular hit.  The film was nominated for a Best Song Oscar for "Blues in the Night" (Music by Harold Arlen; lyrics by Johnny Mercer).

Academy Award for Best Original Song
The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given annually to people working in the motion picture industry by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is presented to the songwriters who have composed the best original song written specifically for a film. The performers of a song are not credited with the Academy Award unless they contributed either to music, lyrics, or both in their own right. The songs that are nominated for this award are typically performed during the ceremony and before this award is presented.

The award category was introduced at the 7th Academy Awards, the ceremony honoring the best in film for 1934. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers, and the winners are chosen by the Academy membership as a whole. Fifteen songs are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Ali Peçen
Ali Peçen (born 30 January 1969 in Istanbul) is a Turkish volleyball player. He is 192 cm and plays as libero. Since the start of the 2007 season, he has played for Fenerbahçe Men's Volleyball team and wears number 9. He is the team's vice-captain. He has also played for Eczacıbaşı, Halkbank, Netaş and Erdemir.

Peçen has represented the national team in over 180 games.

Fenerbahçe S.K. (men's volleyball)
Fenerbahçe Men's Volleyball, currently known as Fenerbahçe Medicana for sponsorship reasons, are the men's volleyball department of Fenerbahçe SK, a major Turkish multi-sport club based in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1927, they are one of the most successful volleyball teams in Turkey, having won five Turkish Volleyball League titles, five Turkish Cups, and four Turkish Super Cups, among others. In Europe Fenerbahçe have won two Balkan Cups and the CEV Challenge Cup in the 2013–14 season, thus writing volleyball history as the women's team won another continental title, the CEV Cup, the very same day. By achieving this unparalleled feat, Fenerbahçe became the first and only sports club in Turkey and one of a few in Europe with European titles won in both the men's and women's volleyball departments.

The club play their home matches at the 7,000-seated TVF Burhan Felek Sport Hall.
Alic Halford Smith
Alic Halford Smith (1883–1958) was a British philosopher and Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University.

Alic Smith was educated at Dulwich College in south London and New College, Oxford. He began his career at the Scottish Office (1906–19). Subsequently, he was a Fellow at New College, where he was tutor in philosophy (1919–44), and then Warden (head) of the College (1944–58). Smith was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford from 1954 to 1957. He was also a Fellow of Winchester College and Honorary Fellow of King's College, Cambridge.

Smith was awarded the Freedom of the City of Oxford on 10 February 1955.

Scottish Office
The Scottish Office was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1999, exercising a wide range of government functions in relation to Scotland under the control of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, most of its work was transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive (now the Scottish Government), with a small residue of functions retained by the Scotland Office.
Blossoming Chestnut Branches
Blossoming Chestnut Branches was painted by Vincent van Gogh during the artist's Auvers-sur-Oise period in May 1890, the final year of his life.

The painting was one of four missing after a high-profile theft from the Foundation E.G. Bührle gallery in Zürich on February 10, 2008. The work was found nine days later in a parked automobile in Zürich, along with one of the other stolen paintings, and was returned undamaged to the gallery.

Auvers-sur-Oise
Auvers-sur-Oise (French pronunciation: [ovɛr syr waz] ⓘ, lit. 'Auvers-on-Oise') is a commune in the department of Val-d'Oise, on the northwestern outskirts of Paris, France. It is located 27.2 km (16.9 mi) from the centre of Paris. It is associated with several famous artists, the most prominent being Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890). This was the place where van Gogh died and where he and his brother, Theo, were buried.
Donald G. Keller
Donald G. Keller (born 1951) is a science fiction and fantasy editor and critic.  He was the co-founder of Serconia Press and was Managing Editor and a frequent contributor to The New York Review of Science Fiction (1990-1995), where his seminal essay on Fantasy of Manners, 'The Manner of Fantasy', appeared in 1991.

He co-edited the fantasy anthology The Horns of Elfland (1997) with Ellen Kushner and Delia Sherman.  He is a contributor to John Clute's The Encyclopedia of Fantasy and is a member of the editorial board of Slayage, the online Encyclopedia of Buffy Studies.

Keller was active in science fiction and fantasy fandom from the 1970s-1990s as coeditor with Jeffrey D. Smith of the fanzine Phantasmicom, editor of the journal The Eildon Tree, and a frequent contributor to the monthly newsletter Fantasiae.

The New York Review of Science Fiction
The New York Review of Science Fiction (colloquially known as NYRSF, pronounced NUR-siff) is a monthly literary magazine of science fiction that was established in 1988. It includes works of science fiction criticism, essays, and in-depth critical reviews of new works of fiction and scholarship. For the first 24 years, it was published by David G. Hartwell's Dragon Press, but with the start of volume 25, it has shifted to publisher Kevin J. Maroney's Burrowing Wombat Press.

The journal is indexed in the MLA International Bibliography and other subject-specific literature and cultural studies indexes. A complete and up-to-date index in Microsoft Excel format is available online.

Although international in coverage, the journal also sponsors SF events in the New York City area, principally including a series of readings from prominent writers that are generally broadcast on WBAI.
Supriyo Bandyopadhyay
Supriyo Bandyopadhyay is an Indian-born American electrical engineer, academic and researcher. He is Commonwealth Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Virginia Commonwealth University. Bandyopadhyay has worked on a range of topics including spintronics, straintronics, nanoelectronics and related aspects of nanotechnology.

Straintronics
Straintronics (from strain and electronics) is the study of how folds and mechanically induced stresses in a layer of two-dimensional materials can change their electrical properties. It is distinct from twistronics in that the latter involves changes in the angle between two layers of 2D material. However, in such multi-layers if strain is applied to only one layers, which is called heterostrain, strain can have similar effect as twist in changing electronic properties. It is also distinct from, but similar to, the piezoelectric effects which are created by bending, twisting, or squeezing of certain material.
Sculpture in the City
Sculpture in the City is a sculpture park that takes place every year in Aldgate, London, United Kingdom. Located in the City of London, the artworks in the open-air sculpture trail are updated annually and remain in place for the year.

Since its inception in 2011, the event has hosted 130 artworks by 113 artists at locations throughout the city.

Artists who have featured in the exhibitions include Anish Kapoor, Marina Abramović, Tracey Emin, Do Ho Suh and Ai Weiwei.

The exhibition is free to visit and accessible at any time of day.

Sarah Lucas
Sarah Lucas (born 1962) is an English artist. She is part of the generation of Young British Artists who emerged in 1988. Her works frequently employ visual puns and bawdy humour by incorporating photography, sculpture, collage and found objects.
Artemidorus of Ascalon
Artemidorus (Ancient Greek: Ἀρτεμίδωρος) of Ascalon was a writer of ancient Greece who wrote a history of Bithynia. He is also mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium as one of the distinguished persons of that place.

Bithynia
Bithynia (/bɪˈθɪniə/; Koine Greek: Βιθυνία, romanized: Bithynía) is a geographical region of northwestern Asia Minor (in present-day Turkey), adjoining the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea. It borders Mysia to the southwest, Paphlagonia to the northeast along the Black Sea coast, and Phrygia to the southeast towards the interior of Asia Minor.

Hellenistic Bithynia was an independent kingdom from the 3rd century BC. Its capital Nicomedia was rebuilt on the site of ancient Astacus in 264 BC by Nicomedes I. Bithynia was bequeathed to the Roman Republic in 74 BC, and became united with the Pontus (region) region as the province of Bithynia and Pontus.

In the 7th century it was incorporated into the Byzantine Opsikion theme. It became a border region to the Seljuk Empire in the 13th century, and was eventually conquered by the Ottoman Turks between 1325 and 1333.
Acacia Mining
Acacia Mining (formerly African Barrick Gold plc) is a gold mining business operating in Tanzania, with exploration properties in Kenya, Burkina Faso and Mali. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index until it was re-acquired by Barrick Gold in September 2019.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Joseph Nalbandian
Joseph Nalbandian (Arabic: جوزف نلبنديان; 1919 – after 1985) was a Lebanese football player and manager.

During the 1930s and 1940s, Nalbandian played as a goalkeeper for DPHB, Hilmi-Sport, Sagesse, Homenetmen, and Nahda, at club level. He also represented Lebanon internationally.

Nalbandian coached Homenetmen, from 1947 to 1972, and Lebanon, during the 1960s. He was in the Regional Committee of Homenetmen between 1965 and 1971, and was General Secretary of the Lebanese Football Association between 1967 and 1985.

Sagesse SC (football)
Sagesse Sports Club (French: Club Sportif La Sagesse, lit. 'The Wisdom Sports Club'), known as Hekmeh (Arabic: الحكمة) in Arabic, is a football club based in Achrafieh, a district in Beirut, Lebanon, that competes in the Lebanese Premier League, and is primarily supported by the Maronite Christian community.

The club was founded in 1943 as Cercle de la Sagesse. Although they haven't won any major title, Sagesse came second twice in the Lebanese Premier League 2002, and were finalists in both the Lebanese FA Cup, in 2006, and the Lebanese Federation Cup, in 2004.
Iron Bridge, Satu Mare
The Iron Bridge (Romanian: Podul de Fier) crosses the lower Someş River to the east side of Satu Mare city, linking the residential districts of Gelu and Centru Nou.

The Iron Bridge is a riveted over-deck truss bridge with steel girders and is 227 m (745 ft) long, 11 m (36 ft) wide, and 30 m (98 ft) high.

Rivet
A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed, a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the tail. On installation, the deformed end is called the shop head or buck-tail.

Because there is effectively a head on each end of an installed rivet, it can support tension loads.  However, it is much more capable of supporting shear loads (loads perpendicular to the axis of the shaft).

Fastenings used in traditional wooden boat building, such as copper nails and clinch bolts, work on the same principle as the rivet but were in use long before the term rivet was introduced and, where they are remembered, are usually classified among nails and bolts respectively.
The Faceless
The Faceless are an American technical death metal band from the Encino neighborhood of Los Angeles. They released their debut album, Akeldama, in November 2006, and a follow-up, Planetary Duality, in November 2008. The band's third album, Autotheism, was released on August 14, 2012. On December 1, 2017, the band released their fourth album, In Becoming a Ghost.

Technical death metal
Technical death metal (also known as tech death) is a musical subgenre of death metal with particular focus on instrumental skill and complex songwriting. Technical and progressive experimentation in death metal began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, largely driven by four bands that, according to Allmusic, are "technical death metal's Big Four" – Death, Pestilence, Atheist, and Cynic. All but Pestilence are part of the Florida death metal scene, to which Nocturnus, another influential band, also belongs.
Gouri Devi Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital
Gouri Devi Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, established in 2016, is a private medical college, located in Durgapur, India. Having rank 1 among all private medical colleges of West Bengal. This college offers the Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) courses and MD & MS courses. GIMSH has both state government quota seats (1/3) & private management quota seats (2/3).This college is affiliated with the West Bengal University of Health Sciences and recognized by the National Medical Commission.

National Medical Commission
The National Medical Commission (NMC) is a statutory body in India that regulates medical education, medical professionals, institutes, and research. Established on 25 September 2020, it replaced the Medical Council of India. The Commission grants recognition of medical qualifications, gives accreditation to medical schools, grants registration to medical practitioners, and monitors medical practice and assesses the medical infrastructure in India.

It was earlier established for 6 months by an ordinance in January 2019 and later became a permanent law passed by Parliament of India and later approved by President of India on 08-August-2019.
Peak Range
The Peak Range is a small subrange of the Swannell Ranges of the Omineca Mountains, located on the northwest side of the junction of Toodoggone River and Finlay River in northern British Columbia, Canada.

There is also a Peak Range in Central Queensland.

Central Queensland
Central Queensland is an imprecisely defined geographical division of Queensland (a state in Australia) that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions.

At the 2011 Australian Census the region recorded a total population from the six local government areas of 233,931.
Autopista de Santa Clara
The Autopista de Santa Clara (numbered Autopista A1-1) is a motorway detour of the Autopista A1 going to the city of Santa Clara and the Villa Clara Province in central Cuba. The road is 3 lanes on both sides, being a part of the original Autopista A1, going from Havana to Santa Clara.

Villa Clara Province
Villa Clara is one of the provinces of Cuba.  It is located in the central region of the island bordering on the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Matanzas Province to the west, Sancti Spiritus Province to the east, and Cienfuegos Province to the South. Villa Clara shares with Cienfuegos and Sancti Spiritus on the south the Escambray Mountain Range. Its main cities are Santa Clara (the capital), Remedios, Sagua La Grande, Camajuani, Caibarién, Ranchuelo, Placetas, and Manicaragua.
Louis LeBourdais
Louis Adelbert LeBourdais (June 26, 1888 – September 27, 1947) was a telegraph operator, life insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia, Canada. He represented Cariboo in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1937 to 1947 as a Liberal.

He was born in 1888, the son of Adelbert LeBourdais and Eleanor Connick, and was educated in Clinton and New Westminster. LeBourdais married Kate-Elizabeth Pughe on April 17, 1912 at Larkin, British Columbia (halfway between Vernon and Armstrong). He lived in Quesnel. LeBourdais had mining interests in the Barkerville area. He was also an amateur historian. From 1941 to 1947, he was a member of a Liberal-Conservative coalition in the provincial assembly. LeBourdais died in office in 1947.

LeBourdais Park in Quesnel was named after him.

Quesnel, British Columbia
Quesnel (/kwəˈnɛl/) is a city in the Cariboo Regional District of British Columbia, Canada. Located nearly evenly between the cities of Prince George and Williams Lake, it is on the main route to northern British Columbia and the Yukon. Quesnel is located at the confluence of the Fraser River and Quesnel River. As of 2021, Quesnel's metropolitan area (census agglomeration) had a population of 23,113 making it one of the largest urban centres between Prince George and Kamloops.

Quesnel is a sister city to Shiraoi, Japan. Quesnel hosted the 2000 BC Winter Games, a biennial provincial amateur sports competition. To the east of Quesnel is Wells, Barkerville, and Bowron Lake Provincial Park, a popular canoeing destination in the Cariboo Mountains.
Christ Church School (Colony of New South Wales)
Christ Church School (1816 – 1883) was the first school in the penal settlement of Newcastle, in the Colony of New South Wales. The school opened in 1816 as a co-educational primary school. In 1883, Christ Church School closed when it was incorporated into the New South Wales government school system.

Department of Education (New South Wales)
The New South Wales Department of Education, a department of the Government of New South Wales, is responsible for the delivery and co-ordination of early childhood, primary school, secondary school, vocational education, adult, migrant and higher education in the state of New South Wales, Australia.

The department was preceded by the Board of National Education and Council of Education, and has been formerly known by a number of names, including Department of Public Instruction, the Department of Education and Training (DET) between December 1997 and April 2011, and the Department of Education and Communities (DEC) between April 2011 and July 2015.

The department's powers are principally drawn from the Education Act, 1990  (NSW).