hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al Gore 1988 presidential campaign
The 1988 presidential campaign of Al Gore, U.S. Senator of Tennessee and former House Representative began on April 11, 1987. He campaigned for President of the United States as a Democratic candidate in the 1988 presidential election, against Democratic candidates Joe Biden, Dick Gephardt, Paul Simon, Jesse Jackson, and Michael Dukakis (who eventually won the Democratic nomination).

Age 39 at the time, Gore was described as the first serious young presidential candidate since John F. Kennedy in 1960. He was characterized as a political centrist aligned with many other Southern Democrats. Despite eventual defeat, Gore, who came in a third place, was one of the front-runners that year. Gore, at that time, represented the Southern Democrats and some of the Conservative Democrats in 1980s.

Lieutenant Governor of Alabama
The lieutenant governor of Alabama is the president of the Alabama Senate, elected to serve a four-year term. The office was created in 1868, abolished in 1875, and recreated in 1901. According to the current constitution, should the governor be out of the state for more than 20 days, the lieutenant governor becomes acting governor, and if the governor dies, resigns or is removed from office (via impeachment), the lieutenant governor ascends to the governorship. Earlier constitutions said the powers of the governor devolved upon the successor, rather than them necessarily becoming governor, but the official listing includes these as full governors. The governor and lieutenant governor are not elected on the same ticket.
Carl Fail
Carl Fail (born 16 January 1997) is an English professional boxer. As an amateur he won the 2016 England Boxing welterweight championship and a silver medal in the middleweight division at the 2018 European Union Championships.

In July 2020, Fail turned professional along with his twin brother Ben. In his 11th pro-fight, he won the Midlands Area super-welterweight title by stopping defending champion Amir Abubaker in the eighth round at Bournemouth International Centre on 26 July 2025.

Bournemouth International Centre
The Bournemouth International Centre (commonly known as the BIC /ˈbɪk/) in Bournemouth, Dorset, was opened in September 1984. It is one of the largest venues for conferences, exhibitions, entertainment and events in southern England. Additionally, it is well known for hosting national conferences of major British political parties and trade unions.

In June 2022, it was announced that the building would undergo a £1.8 million refurbishment.
Pine Island Ridge, Florida
Pine Island Ridge was a census-designated place (CDP) in Broward County, Florida, United States. The population was 5,199 at the 2000 census. Formerly a part of unincorporated Broward County, Pine Island Ridge was annexed into the town of Davie, Florida on the 15th of September 2006, and is now a neighborhood of that town.

The natural area was once the site of hunting camps of the Tequesta Native American tribe, as well as a refuge for the Seminoles during the Second Seminole War (1835-1842).

Broward County purchased Pine Island Ridge in 1989 as part of the $75 million Environmentally Sensitive Lands Bond Issue.

Broward County, Florida
Broward County (/ˈbraʊ.ərd/ BROURD) is a county in Florida, United States, located in the Miami metropolitan area. It is Florida's second-most populous county after Miami-Dade County and the 17th-most populous in the United States, with 1,944,375 residents as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and most populous city is Fort Lauderdale, which had a population of 182,760 as of 2020. The county is part of the South Florida region of the state.

Broward County is one of the three counties that make up the Miami metropolitan area, which is home to 6.14 million people as of 2020. It is also one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the entire country. As of 2022, Broward County has a gross domestic product of $124.8 billion, the second-largest GDP of Florida's 67 counties and the 25th-largest for the nation's 3,033 counties.
Isotope electrochemistry
Isotope electrochemistry is a field within electrochemistry concerned with various topics like electrochemical separation of isotopes, electrochemical estimation of isotopic exchange equilibrium constants, electrochemical kinetic isotope effect, electrochemical isotope sensors, etc.

It is an active domain of investigation. It overlaps with many other domains of both theoretical and practical importance like nuclear engineering, radiochemistry, electrochemical technology, geochemistry, sensors and instrumentation.

Nuclear engineering
Nuclear engineering is the engineering discipline concerned with designing and applying systems that utilize the energy released by nuclear processes.
The most prominent application of nuclear engineering is the generation of electricity. Worldwide, some 439 nuclear reactors in 31 countries generate 10 percent of the world's energy through nuclear fission. In the future, it is expected that nuclear fusion will add another nuclear means of generating energy. Both reactions make use of the nuclear binding energy released when atomic nucleons are either separated (fission) or brought together (fusion). The energy available is given by the binding energy curve, and the amount generated is much greater than that generated through chemical reactions. Fission of 1 gram of uranium yields as much energy as burning 3 tons of coal or 600 gallons of fuel oil, without adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
John Herbert Turner
John Herbert Turner (May 7, 1834 – December 9, 1923) was a British Columbia politician.  Born in Claydon, Suffolk, England, Turner moved to British North America and worked as a merchant in Halifax and Charlottetown. In 1862 he moved to Victoria, on Vancouver Island, and founded Turner, Beeton and Co., which was involved in salmon canning, insurance and finance, importing and wholesaling.

Turner entered politics serving as mayor of Victoria from 1876 to 1881 and entered the provincial legislature in 1886 in the constituency of Victoria City. He served as minister of finance under successive premiers from 1887 to 1895 and as the 11th premier of British Columbia from 1895 to 1898. From 1901 to 1915 he was the province's representative in London where he retired. He died in Richmond in 1923.

Claydon, Suffolk
Claydon is a village just north of Ipswich in Suffolk, England. The meaning of the name is "clay-on-the-hill".

The village gives its name to the hundred of Bosmere-and-Claydon, one of the 21 administrative districts into which Suffolk was divided for administrative purposes between Saxon and Victorian times.
Diplomatic timeline for 1815
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Joaquim Lobo Silveira, 7th Count of Oriola

António de Saldanha da Gama, Count of Porto Santo

Count Carl Löwenhielm

Jean-Louis-Paul-François, 5th Duke of Noailles

Klemens Wenzel, Prince von Metternich

André Dupin

Count Karl Robert Nesselrode

Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Count of Palmela

Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh

Emmerich Joseph, Duke of Dalberg

Baron Johann von Wessenberg

Prince Andrey Kirillovich Razumovsky

Charles Stewart, 1st Baron Stewart

Pedro Gómez Labrador, Marquis of Labrador

Richard Le Poer Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty

Wacken (Recorder)

Friedrich von Gentz (Congress Secretary)

Baron Wilhelm von Humboldt

William Cathcart, 1st Earl Cathcart

Prince Karl August von Hardenberg

Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord

Count Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg

Diplomatic timeline for 1815

Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg
Graf Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg (Russian: Густав Оттонович Стакельберг; 5 June 1766, Reval, Governorate of Estonia – 18 April 1850, Paris, France) was a Russian diplomat of Baltic-German descent. He was the son of Otto Magnus von Stackelberg. By birth, he was member of the House of Stackelberg.
Muganja hills
The Muganja hills (French: Monts Mugandja) are a range in the Tanganyika District of Katanga Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south of Kalemie.

The Kyimbi River originates in the Muganja plateau at a height of 6,560 feet (2,000 m).
It has a series of falls over a distance of 2 miles (3.2 km), with the largest 300 to 500 feet (91 to 152 m) high.
The total drop is over 2,500 feet (760 m).
The Muganja massif contains the Lukuga coalfield near Kalemie.

The Muganja hills lie to the north of the Marungu massif, which as of 2008 had almost all been converted to farmland or pasture.
However, the Muganja hills in 2008 were surrounded by a large area of Miombo woodland and riverine forest.
A survey that year found evidence of chimpanzee, baboon, blue monkey and bushpig in the forest to the north of the hills. 
About 59 chimpanzees were estimated to be present.

Tanganika District
Tanganika District was a district of the pre-2015 Katanga Province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. 
The district dates back to the days of the Belgian Congo. 
At its greatest extent it roughly corresponded to the present Tanganyika Province, with a small portion in the southwest now in Haut-Lomami Province.
Gunspinning
Gunspinning refers to the Old West tradition and Hollywood legend of a cowboy gunslinger twirling his handgun around his trigger finger. Gunspinning is a Western Art such as trick roping, and is sometimes referred as gunplay, gun artistry, fancy gun handling or gun twirling Though there isn’t an official competition. World Champions have been determined based on a performers skill and artistry. Former World Champions in this Western Art form include Rider Kiesner, Howard Darby, Rudy Uresti and Will Roberts. . Gunspinning is seen in many classic TV and film Westerns, such as Shane and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly.

The majority of gunspinning is seen as a precursor to putting the gun back in its holster. It may be used as a flashy ending to a trick shot, or just to impress or intimidate an opponent.

Handgun holster
A handgun holster is a device used to hold or restrict the undesired movement of a handgun, most commonly in a location where it can be easily withdrawn for immediate use. Holsters are often attached to a belt or waistband, but they may be attached to other locations of the body (e.g., the ankle holster). Holsters vary in the degree to which they secure or protect the firearm. Some holsters for law enforcement officers have a strap over the top of the holster to make the handgun less likely to fall out of the holster or harder for another person to grab the gun. Some holsters have a flap over the top to protect the gun from the elements.
Connecticut Route 16
Route 16 is a primary state route connecting Middletown and Colchester via Route 66. It begins in East Hampton at Route 66 then has an interchange with Route 2 in Colchester. It then runs through Colchester center, then goes to the outskirts of Lebanon town as a rural collector road. Route 16 ends at Route 207 in Lebanon.

Colchester (CDP), Connecticut
Colchester is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the primary village and adjacent residential land in the town of Colchester, New London County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the east-central part of the town, with the Connecticut Route 2 expressway running through the south side of the community. As of the 2010 census, the CDP had a population of 4,781, out of 16,068 in the entire town of Colchester.

75 acres (30 ha) at the center of the village comprise the Colchester Village Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
Rintoul
Rintoul is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chad Rintoul (born 1974), Australian rules footballer

Cole Rintoul (born 1982), Australian musician

David Rintoul (born David Wilson, 1948), Scottish stage and television actor

Douglas Rintoul, British playwright

Gordon Rintoul (born 1955), Scottish museum director

Harry Rintoul (1956–2002), Canadian playwright

Ian Rintoul, Australian political activist

Leonora Jeffrey Rintoul (1878–1953), Scottish ornithologist

Robert Stephen Rintoul (1787–1858), British journalist

Stuart Rintoul (born 1968), English cricketer

Stuart Rintoul (journalist), Australian journalist and author, formerly on The Australian

William Rintoul (1870–1936), British chemist

Ian Rintoul
Ian Rintoul is an Australian political activist and Sydney resident, best known in Australia as a refugee advocate, and as spokesman for the Refugee Action Coalition Sydney (not to be confused with its Melbourne-based counterpart, the Refugee Action Collective (Victoria)).

He was a longtime member of the International Socialist Organisation, but was one of a large portion of the membership who left in 2003 around the issue of that group's involvement in the Socialist Alliance. He went on to be a founding member of the organisation Solidarity in Sydney, which merged with two other groups in 2008 to form a new organisation also named Solidarity.
Enarmonia formosana
Enarmonia formosana, the cherrybark tortrix or cherry-bark moth, is a small but colourful moth species of the family Tortricidae found in Asia, Europe, North Africa and North America. It was first described by the Italian physician and naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1763 and is the type species of its genus (Enarmonia), and by extension of the tribe Enarmoniini of subfamily Olethreutinae.

Giovanni Antonio Scopoli
Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (sometimes Latinized as Johannes Antonius Scopolius) (3 June 1723 – 8 May 1788) was an Italian physician and naturalist. His biographer Otto Guglia named him the "first anational European" and the "Linnaeus of the Austrian Empire".
Steal My Kisses
"Steal My Kisses" is a song by American music group Ben Harper and the Innocent Criminals from their album Burn to Shine. The beat of the song is formed with beatboxing by Rahzel. It was released in February 2000 through Virgin Records America as the album's fourth and final single.

"Steal My Kisses" peaked number 11 on the US Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 and topped the Billboard Triple-A chart for three weeks. It also charted in New Zealand, where it held the number-two position on the RIANZ Singles Chart for four nonconsecutive weeks, finished 2000 as the country's fifth-most-successful single, and received a platinum certification for sales and streaming figures exceeding 30,000 units.

Adult Alternative Airplay
Adult Alternative Airplay (also known as Triple A or Triple A Airplay, and formerly Adult Alternative Songs and Triple A Songs) is a record chart currently published by Billboard that ranks the most popular songs on adult album alternative radio stations. The 40-position chart is formulated based on each song's weekly radio spins, as measured by Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems. 
The current number-one song on the chart is "The Great Divide" by Noah Kahan.
1984 NCAA Division I men's tennis championships
The 1984 NCAA Division I Men's Tennis Championships were the 38th annual championships to determine the national champions of NCAA Division I men's singles, doubles, and team collegiate tennis in the United States. This year's tournaments were played in Athens, Georgia, hosted by the University of Georgia.

The men's team championship was won by UCLA, their 15th team national title. The Bruins defeated defending national champion Stanford in the final round, 5–4.

The men's singles title was won by Mikael Pernfors (a Swedish national) from Georgia, and the men's doubles title was won by Kelly Jones and Jerome Jones from Pepperdine.

Jerome Jones (tennis)
Jerome Jones is an American former professional tennis player.

A left-hander from Los Angeles, Jones was an All-American collegiate tennis player for Pepperdine University during the early 1980s. In 1984 he claimed the NCAA Division I doubles championship with Kelly Jones (no relation), beating Rick Leach and Tim Pawsat of USC in the final.

Jones partnered with Kelly Jones at the 1984 US Open and they won their first round match over Ilie Nastase and Adriano Panatta. He reached a best world ranking of 177 in doubles.
The Secret Life of Us
The Secret Life of Us is an Australian television drama series set in the beachside neighbourhood of St Kilda, a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is primarily a drama with some comedic moments. It screened in Australia from 2001 to 2005 on Network Ten and on Channel 4 in the UK.

It has been shown in other countries such as New Zealand (TV3) where it is rated R16 for offensive language and sex scenes; Ireland (RTÉ Two), Canada (SuperChannel3), the Netherlands (Yorin), France (Canal Plus, France 4), Estonia (ETV, Kanal 11), Norway (NRK), Serbia (B92, TV Avala), Russia (TNT, Muz TV), Israel (Channel 2), South Africa (M-Net), and the United States (Hulu). The series won three silver Logie Awards.

Canal+ (French TV channel)
Canal+ (French: [kanal plys], meaning "Channel Plus"), also spelt Canal Plus and sometimes abbreviated C+ or Canal, is a French premium television channel owned by Canal+. The channel was launched in Paris and Issy-les-Moulineaux on November 4, 1984, and broadcasts to Metropolitan France. It broadcasts several kinds of programming, mostly encrypted, but some unencrypted content can be viewed free of charge.

Canal+ was co-founded by André Rousselet and Pierre Lescure. An early pioneer was Alain de Greef, who joined in 1986.
Đạ Huoai district
Đạ Huoai is a rural district of Lâm Đồng province in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 34,039. The district covers an area of 490 km2. The district capital lies at Ma Đa Guôi.

Lâm Đồng province
Lâm Đồng is a province of Vietnam located in the south of the Central Highlands. It borders Khánh Hòa to the east, Đồng Nai and Hồ Chí Minh City to the southwest, the South China Sea to the southeast, Đắk Lắk to the north, and Cambodia to the northwest.

The three highest plateaus of the Central Highlands: Lâm Viên, Di Linh, and Bảo Lộc (formerly known as B'Lao), are located in Lâm Đồng province at an elevation of 1,500 meters above sea level. The provincial capital, Đà Lạt City, is situated 300 km northeast of Ho Chi Minh City, 658 km south of Đà Nẵng, and 1,414 km from the capital, Hanoi, via National Route 1. In 2010, Lâm Đồng became the first province in the Central Highlands to have two provincial-level cities: Đà Lạt and Bảo Lộc.

The economy is based largely on agriculture, with tea, coffee and vegetables being the main agricultural products. Lâm Đồng attracted 8,65 million tourists in 2023.
Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy
Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy  (2D IR) is a nonlinear infrared spectroscopy technique that has the ability to correlate vibrational modes in condensed-phase systems. This technique provides information beyond linear infrared spectra, by spreading the vibrational information along multiple axes, yielding a frequency correlation spectrum. A frequency correlation spectrum can offer structural information such as vibrational mode coupling, anharmonicities, along with chemical dynamics such as energy transfer rates and molecular dynamics with femtosecond time resolution. 2DIR experiments have only become possible with the development of ultrafast lasers and the ability to generate femtosecond infrared pulses.

Normal mode
A normal mode of a dynamical system is a pattern of motion in which all parts of the system move sinusoidally with the same frequency and with a fixed phase relation.  The free motion described by the normal modes takes place at fixed frequencies.  These fixed frequencies of the normal modes of a system are known as its natural frequencies or resonant frequencies.  A physical object, such as a building, bridge, or molecule, has a set of normal modes and their natural frequencies that depend on its structure, materials and boundary conditions.

The most general motion of a linear system is a superposition of its normal modes. The modes are "normal" in the sense that they move independently. An excitation of one mode will never cause excitation of a different mode. In mathematical terms, normal modes are orthogonal to each other.
Turmantas
Turmantas (Polish: Turmont) is a town in the Zarasai district municipality, Lithuania. Located on the border with Latvia, it is a railway station on the Warsaw–Saint Petersburg railway. The village is known since 1798. It began growing after completion of the railway in 1862. As part of the Wilno Voivodeship, Turmantas was part of the Second Polish Republic between 1920 and 1939. During that time a wooden Catholic church was rebuilt, an Orthodox church for the Old Believers and a secondary school were built in the town. According to the 2011 census, it had 286 residents.

Eastern Orthodox church architecture
Eastern Orthodox church architecture constitutes a distinct, recognizable family of styles among church architectures. These styles share a cluster of fundamental similarities, having been influenced by the common legacy of Byzantine architecture from the Eastern Roman Empire. Some of the styles have become associated with the particular traditions of one specific autocephalous Eastern Orthodox patriarchate, whereas others are more widely used within the Eastern Orthodox Church.

These architectural styles have held substantial influence over cultures outside Eastern Orthodoxy; particularly in the architecture of Islamic mosques, but also to some degree in Western churches.
1864 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1864 Maine gubernatorial election was held on September 12, 1864, in order to elect the governor of Maine. Incumbent National Union governor Samuel Cony won re-election against Democratic nominee and former Justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court Joseph Howard.

Joseph Howard (judge)
Joseph Howard (March 14, 1800 – December 10, 1877) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. Howard served as Justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from October 23, 1848 to October 22, 1855.

Born in Brownfield, Maine, Howard graduated from Bowdoin College in 1821 and read law to gain admission to the bar in 1824. He was a United States Attorney from 1837 to 1841. On October 23, 1848, Governor John W. Dana appointed Howard to a seat as an associate justice on the Maine Supreme Judicial Court vacated by the elevation of Ether Shepley to the position of chief justice. Howard served until his retirement on October 22, 1855. In 1860, he was elected Mayor of Portland, Maine, and, in 1865, he ran as the Democratic candidate for governor of Maine, which he lost to Samuel Cony by 63.3% to 37.7%.

He died in Brownfield.
Scafells
The Scafells, or Scafell Massif, are a range of fells in the Cumbrian Mountains of England, made up of the remains of a caldera volcano. Fells in the range include Broad Crag, Ill Crag, Scafell, and Scafell Pike, England's tallest mountain. Great End, Lingmell and Slight Side are also usually included within the definition. These hills form part of the Southern Fells.

Fell
Fell (from Old Norse: fell, "mountain → landscape over the tree line"; cf.  Icelandic: fell, Norwegian: fjell, Swedish: fjäll) is a high and barren landscape feature, such as a mountain or moor-covered hill, often mountain landscape over the tree line, etc. The term is most often employed in Fennoscandia, Iceland, the Isle of Man, parts of northern England, and Scotland.
Homona obtusuncus
Homona obtusuncus is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae first described by Józef Razowski in 2013. It is found on Seram Island in Indonesia. The habitat consists of lower montane forests.

The wingspan is about 25 mm.

Józef Razowski
Józef Razowski (born 4 April 1932) is a Polish entomologist and lepidopterist specializing in Tortricidae. He is an honorary member of the Polish Entomological Society and a working member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences (PAU). From 1988 to 1997, Razowski headed the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals.