hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Women in the North Korean Revolution
Women gained an unprecedented amount of social and legal reforms during the North Korean revolution (1945–1950). The laws promulgated by Kim Il Sung's regime formally accorded women rights that during the Japanese colonial era and previous generations were denied to them. Women were allowed to enter the workforce alongside men and were granted privileges — the right to an education, the right to own and inherit property, the right to political participation — that incorporated women in the public realm. Various women's organizations such as the Korean Democratic Women's League propped up to maintain these laws and nurse the auxiliary needs of the regime. North Korea (DPRK) continued to shoulder neo-Confucian virtues that extolled sacrificial motherhood and added a new emphasis on the nuclear family.

Right to property
The right to property, or the right to own property (cf. ownership), is often classified as a human right for natural persons regarding their private property. The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution is credited as a significant precedent for the legal protection of individual property rights.

A right to property is specified in Article 17 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, but it is not recognised in the 1966 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or in the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The 1950 European Convention on Human Rights acknowledges a right for a natural or legal person to "peaceful enjoyment of his possessions", subject to the "general interest or to secure the payment of taxes."
Kaash Aisa Ho
Kaash Aisa Ho is a 2013 television series that aired on ARY Digital. It was written by Maha Malik, directed by Sohail Javed and produced by Asif Raza Mir and Babar Javed of A&B Entertainment. It stars Saba Qamar and Mohib Mirza in lead. It was also aired in India on Zindagi TV under the same title from 27 July 2016 and ended its run on 20 August 2016.

Babar Javed
Babar Javed Mughal (Urdu: بابر جاوید) is a Pakistani television and film producer and  director. He has produced and directed series such as Meri Zaat Zarra-e-Benishan, Qaid-e-Tanhai, Mera Saaein, Main Abdul Qadir Hoon, Aasmanon Pay Likha, Bashar Momin, Adhoora Bandhan, and Mor Mahal, all under his production company A&B Entertainment that he co-founded with actor turned filmmaker Asif Raza Mir. Javed has earned eight Lux Style Awards as a director and producer. In 2016, he received his first ARY Film Award nomination for producing the 2015 biopic film Manto.
The Apprentice (1991 film)
The Apprentice (French: L'Apprenti) is a 1991 animated short by Richard Condie, produced in Winnipeg by Ches Yetman for the National Film Board of Canada.

A more enigmatic work than Condie's popular short The Big Snit, the film is a series of animated blackout sketches, telling the story of a medieval jester and his young apprentice. The "dialogue" is supplied by gargling noises, sampled on a computer.

The film received a Blizzard Award for Best Animation at the 1993 Manitoba Motion Picture Industry Association Film & Video Awards.

Gargling
Gargling is the act of bubbling liquid in the mouth. It is also the washing of one's throat with a liquid (with one's head tipped back) that is kept from being swallowed by continuous exhalation. This produces a characteristic gurgling sound. Mouthwash or hydrogen peroxide (in a low concentration) is often employed.

A traditional home remedy of gargling warm saltwater is sometimes recommended to soothe a sore throat.

One study in Japan has shown that gargling water a few times a day will lower the chance of upper respiratory infections such as common colds, though some medical doctors are skeptical.
East Germany at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Athletes from East Germany (German Democratic Republic) competed at the Olympic Games for the last time as an independent nation at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.  Following German reunification in 1990, a single German team would compete in the 1992 Summer Olympics. 259 competitors, 157 men and 102 women, took part in 157 events in 16 sports. The team was officially announced on 3 September 1988.

Manuela Stellmach
Manuela Stellmach (born 22 February 1970 in Berlin) is a former freestyle swimmer from East Germany, who was a member of the women's relay team that won the gold medal in the 4×100 m freestyle relay at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. At the same tournament she captured the bronze medal in the individual 200 m freestyle. Four years later, when Barcelona, Spain hosted the Summer Olympics, Stellmach ended up third (bronze) with the women's relay team from the Unified Germany.
Ordu
Ordu (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈoɾdu]) or Altınordu is a port city on the Black Sea coast of Turkey and the capital of Ordu Province. The city forms the urban part of the Altınordu district, with a population of 235,096 in 2023.

2018 Turkish general election
General elections were held in Turkey on 24 June 2018. Presidential elections were held to elect the President of Turkey using a two-round system. Parliamentary elections took place to elect 600 Members of Parliament to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.

The elections had originally been scheduled for 3 November 2019, until the Erdoğan government called for early elections on 18 April 2018.
Adămuș
Adămuș (Hungarian: Ádámos; Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈaːdaːmoʃ]) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Adămuș, Chinciuș (Kincses), Cornești (Sövényfalva), Crăiești (Magyarkirályfalva), Dâmbău (Küküllődombó; German: Hügeldorf), and Herepea (Magyarherepe).

Mureș County
Mureș County (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmureʃ], Romanian: Județul Mureș, Hungarian: Maros megye) is a county (județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, with the administrative centre in Târgu Mureș. The county was established in 1968, after the administrative reorganization that re-introduced the historical județ (county) system, still used today. This reform eliminated the previous Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region, which had been created in 1952 within the People's Republic of Romania. Mureș County has a vibrant multicultural fabric that includes Hungarian-speaking Székelys and Transylvanian Saxons, with a rich heritage of fortified churches and towns.
War crimes trials after World War I
War crimes trials after World War I include:

Leipzig war crimes trials, held in 1921 to try alleged German war criminals

Prosecution of Ottoman war criminals after World War I, taken up by the Paris Peace Conference (1919) and ultimately included in the Treaty of Sèvres (1920) 
Istanbul trials of 1919–1920
Malta exiles, purges of Ottoman intellectuals by the Allied forces

Malta exiles
The Malta exiles (Turkish: Malta sürgünleri) were the purges of Ottoman intellectuals by the Allied forces. The exile to Malta occurred between March 1919 and October 1920 of politicians, high ranking soldiers (mainly), administrators and intellectuals of the Ottoman Empire after the armistice of Mudros during the Occupation of Istanbul by the Allied forces. The Malta exiles became inmates in a British prison where various Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) officials were held in the hopes that trials will be held at the Malta Tribunals at a future date.
Diocese of Chalatenango
The Diocese of Chalatenango is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in El Salvador. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of San Salvador. The Diocese of Chalatenango was erected on 30 December 1987.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Toby Greene (baseball)
Theodore Elwood "Toby" Greene (March 29, 1899 – October 2, 1967) was an American college baseball coach. He led the Oklahoma State Cowboys baseball team to the national championship in the 1959 College World Series.

Phillips University
Phillips University was a private university in Enid, Oklahoma. It opened in 1906 and closed in 1998. It was affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). It included an undergraduate college and a graduate seminary. The university was also home to the Enid-Phillips Symphony Orchestra, and its campus regularly hosted events for the Tri-State Music Festival.
KJET
KJET (105.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Union, Washington, and serving the Olympia, Washington area. The station airs an adult contemporary format and is owned by Jodesha Broadcasting, Inc. Most programming on KJET is from Westwood One's service, with some local segments. KJET formerly used a booster station on the same frequency (105.7) to widen its broadcast area to Grays Harbor County. KJET can also be heard on two FM translator stations.

Grays Harbor County, Washington
Grays Harbor County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 75,636. Its county seat is Montesano, and its largest city is Aberdeen. Grays Harbor County is included in the Aberdeen Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Allison Mankin
Allison Mankin is an American computer scientist and prominent figure in the area of Internet governance. She previously served as the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Chair and holds numerous leadership positions within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which is known for developing Internet standards.

In anticipation of the internet growing beyond the capabilities of then-current IP Addressing schemes, in the mid-1990s Mankin, alongside Scott Bradner, was tasked by the IETF to head the new Internet Protocol Next Generation (IPng) area. The IPng area was tasked with designing and defining the next generation of IP Addressing, eventually publishing their recommendation and coining the name IPv6.

In 1993, Mankin founded the Systers program at the IETF, an informal mentoring and networking initiative for women in tech.

Internet governance
Internet governance is the effort by governments, the private sector, civil society, and technical actors to develop and apply shared principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures that shape the evolution and use of the Internet. This article describes how the Internet was and is currently governed, some inherent controversies, and ongoing debates regarding how and why the Internet should or should not be governed in the future. (Internet governance should not be confused with e-governance, which refers to governmental use of technology in its governing duties.)
Mustafa A. G. Abushagur
Mustafa A. G. Abushagur (مصطفى ابوشاقور غيت ابوشاقور; born 15 February 1951) is a Libyan politician, professor of electrical engineering, university president and entrepreneur. He served as interim Deputy Prime Minister of Libya from 22 November 2011 to 14 November 2012 in Abdurrahim El-Keib's cabinet and was briefly elected to succeed El-Keib as prime minister in 2012, before failing to receive congressional approval for his cabinet nominees and being removed from office.

Rochester Institute of Technology
The Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private research university in Henrietta, New York, United States, a suburb of Rochester. It was founded in 1829. It is one of only two institutes of technology in New York state, the other being the New York Institute of Technology.

RIT enrolls about 21,000 students, of whom 18,000 are undergraduate and 3,000 are graduate students. These students come from all 50 states in the United States and more than 100 countries. The university has more than 4,000 faculty and staff. It also has branches abroad in Croatia, Kosovo,  and the United Arab Emirates. The university is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
C'est la Vie (B*Witched song)
"C'est la Vie" is a pop song by Irish girl group B*Witched. It served as their debut single and the lead single from their self-titled debut studio album (1998). Written by band members Edele Lynch, Keavy Lynch, Lindsay Armaou, and Sinéad O'Carroll, Ray "Madman" Hedges, Martin Brannigan and Tracy Ackerman, it was released by Epic and Glowworm Records on 25 May 1998.

The song reached number one on the charts in various countries around the world, including the United Kingdom, Ireland and New Zealand. In the process, B*Witched became the youngest girl group ever to have a UK number one. In the United States, "C'est la Vie" reached number nine on the Billboard Hot 100. In 1999, it was nominated for "Best Song Musically and Lyrically" in the Ivor Novello Awards. The accompanying music video for the song features the four girls dancing around a lush green field full of bright flowers with a puppy as they playfully tease a teenage boy.

Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically
The Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically is one of the awards presented annually by the Ivors Academy at the Ivor Novello Awards to recognize the best in songwriting and composing talents from the United Kingdom and Ireland. The award was first presented in 1968, with John Lennon and Paul McCartney being the first recipients for the song "She's Leaving Home", performed by The Beatles. The award goes to the writers of the song, not the performers unless they share songwriting credits.
Catherine Read
Catherine Read (or Katherine; 3 February 1723 - 15 December 1778) was a Scottish artist. Born in the early 18th century, she is most known for her work as a portrait-painter. She was for some years a fashionable artist in London, working in oils, crayons, and miniature. From 1760 she exhibited almost annually with either the Incorporated Society of Artists, the Free Society of Artist, or the Royal Academy, sending chiefly portraits of ladies and children of the aristocracy, which she painted with much grace and refinement.

Maurice Quentin de La Tour
Maurice Quentin de La Tour (French pronunciation: [mɔʁis kɑ̃tɛ̃ də la tuʁ]; 5 September 1704 – 17 February 1788) was a French painter who specialised in portrait painting using pastels in the Rococo style. Among his most famous subjects were Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Louis XV, and Madame de Pompadour.
F1 Challenge
F1 Challenge (F-1 ライブ インフォメーション, F-1 Live Information) is an officially licensed Formula One game developed by Bell Corporation and produced by Sega for the Sega Saturn. The game contains only three of the many Formula One circuits – Hockenheim, Monte Carlo, and Suzuka – while having another three based on the fictional Neo City, containing three different configurations.

While containing a full license (granted by FOCA, not the FIA) of the 1995 Formula One racing season with 12 teams and 24 drivers (not including Simtek, who withdrew midway through the season), the game only allows the player to play as five drivers: Michael Schumacher (Benetton), Damon Hill (Williams), Jean Alesi (Ferrari), Ukyo Katayama (Tyrrell), and Mika Häkkinen (McLaren). The other teams and drivers are in the game and the cars are correctly modeled but are unselectable.

Ukyo Katayama
Ukyo Katayama (Japanese: 片山 右京, Hepburn: Katayama Ukyō; born 29 May 1963) is a Japanese former racing driver and motorsport executive, who competed in Formula One from 1992 to 1997.

Katayama participated in 97 Grands Prix, debuting at the 1992 South African Grand Prix, making him the sport's second most experienced Japanese driver. He scored a total of five championship points, all of them for the Tyrrell team in 1994. Katayama also competed in the 1999 24 Hours of Le Mans, finishing second overall and leading the GTP class. He has managed the Japanese continental cycling team Team UKYO since 2012.
Panos Theodorou
Panos Theodorou (Greek: Πάνος Θεοδώρου, 3 September 1994 – 5 October 2023) was a Cypriot footballer who played as a midfielder.

On 5 October 2023, it was announced by his former club Apollon Limassol that Panos had died in the morning from an accident at work involving a forklift. He was 29. It was also stated that Panos had recently been a referee for the Cypriot Second Division.

Apollon Limassol FC
Apollon Limassol FC (Greek: Απόλλων Λεμεσού, Apollon Lemesou) is a Cypriot sports club, based in Limassol. It has football, basketball and volleyball teams. Founded in 1954, Apollon FC currently plays in the Cypriot First Division and has won the championship title four times, the cup nine times and the Super Cup four times.
Aspilapteryx tringipennella
Aspilapteryx tringipennella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe.

The wingspan is 10–13 mm. Forewings pale greyish ochreous to light ochreous-yellow; an ill-defined white costal streak from base to near apex; subcostal and median longitudinal rows of black dots, and sometimes two or three on fold. Hindwings grey.

There are two generations per year, with adults on wing in May and again in August.

The larvae feed on Plantago lanceolata and Plantago maritima. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Plantago lanceolata
Plantago lanceolata is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. It is known by the common names ribwort plantain, narrowleaf plantain, English plantain, ribleaf, lamb's tongue, and buckhorn. It is a common weed on cultivated or disturbed land.
Mike Robertson (rugby union)
Michael Alexander Robertson is a Scottish former international rugby union player.

Robertson attended Stewart's College in Edinburgh and was a scrum-half in schoolboy rugby. He got switched to wing-forward when he played with Stewart's Melville FP. After moving to Gala, Robertson's form was good enough that he was preferred to Scotland international Adam Robson in the South of Scotland District back-row. He gained his solitary Scotland cap in a 1958 Five Nations match against France at Murrayfield, which they won 11–9.

1958 Five Nations Championship
The 1958 Five Nations Championship was the twenty-ninth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the sixty-fourth series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between January 11 and April 19. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
SS Oakland (1890)
SS Oakland was a small general cargo/passenger ship commissioned in 1890, Dumbarton, Scotland, for New South Wales, Australia, timber merchant William T Yeager.  It sank off Cabbage Tree Island, New South Wales, in 1903, with the loss of 11 lives.

Dumbarton
Dumbarton (/dʌmˈbɑːrtən/; Scots: Dumbairton, Dumbartoun or Dumbertan; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Breatann [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ən̪ˠ] or Dùn Breatainn [t̪um ˈpɾʲɛht̪ɪɲ], meaning 'fort of the Britons') is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland, on the north bank of the River Clyde where the River Leven flows into the Clyde estuary. In 2006, it had an estimated population of 19,990.

Dumbarton was the capital of the ancient Kingdom of Strathclyde, and later the county town of Dunbartonshire.
Dumbarton Castle, on top of Dumbarton Rock, dominates the area. Dumbarton was a royal burgh between 1222 and 1975.

Dumbarton emerged from the 19th century as a centre for shipbuilding, glassmaking, and whisky production. However, these industries have since declined, and Dumbarton today is increasingly a commuter town for Glasgow 13 miles (21 km) east-southeast of it. Dumbarton F.C. is the local football club.
NFPA 1123
NFPA 1123, subtitled Code for Fireworks Display, is a code created in the United States by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) to help prevent damage of property and injury or death of individuals during outdoor firework displays. NFPA 1123 is the registered trademark of an American consensus standard which, like many NFPA documents, is systematically revised on a fixed three year cycle.

The standard, though widely adopted in the United States, is not a legal code. It is, however, deliberately crafted with language suitable for mandatory application to facilitate adoption into law by those empowered to do so.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Ivuna
Ivuna is an administrative ward in Momba District, Songwe Region, Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a total population of 21,690.

The Ivuna salt flats southeast of Lake Rukwa have been exploited for salt since the early 13th century, or before, to the 15th century. Significant amounts of Iron Age pottery have been found here.

The Ivuna meteorite was recovered in Ivuna during 1938.

Lake Rukwa
Lake Rukwa is an endorheic lake located in the Rukwa Valley of  Rukwa Region, Songwe Region and Katavi Region in southwestern Tanzania. The lake is the third largest inland body of water in the country.
Connor Teskey
Connor David Teskey (born 8 October 1987) is a Canadian financier who since February 2026 has been chief executive officer of Brookfield Asset Management.

Teskey began his career in 2009 with the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, and in 2012 joined Brookfield Corporation. He worked initially in asset management and in 2016 moved to Brookfield Renewable Partners, of which he became chief executive officer in 2020. In 2022, Teskey was made president of the new Brookfield Asset Management, which had been created as a spin-off. In 2026, he became chief executive of Brookfield Asset Management, and is the presumed heir of Bruce Flatt as chief executive of Brookfield Corporation.

Corporate spin-off
A corporate spin-off, also known as a spin-out, starburst or hive-off, is a type of corporate action where a company "splits off" a section as a separate business or creates a second incarnation, even if the first is still active. It is distinct from a sell-off, where a company sells a section to another company or firm in exchange for cash or securities.
Truly, Madly, Deeply Vale
Truly, Madly, Deeply Vale is a 2004 television documentary produced by David Nolan for Granada Television, about the history of the Deeply Vale Festivals which ran from 1976 to 1979 in the North West of England. The programme makers tracked down many of the musicians who played there, including Mark E. Smith of the Fall, Steve Hillage and Vini Reilly of the Durutti Column. The hour-long programme is an elaborate pastiche of the film Woodstock and is largely presented in split-screen. It follows the efforts of festival organisers as they attempted a Glastonbury for the north, while the British musical landscape was changing from progressive rock to punk. It was narrated by Bob Harris, former presenter of The Old Grey Whistle Test, and has since been released on DVD in a much extended form as the 3 hours plus the Deeply Vale Festivals DVD.

The Durutti Column
The Durutti Column are an English post-punk band formed in 1978 in Manchester, England. The band is the project of guitarist and occasional pianist Vini Reilly, often accompanied by Bruce Mitchell on drums and Keir Stewart on bass, keyboards and harmonica.

The band were among the first acts signed to Factory Records by label founder Tony Wilson. They distinguished themselves from their post-punk contemporaries through Reilly's clean, atmospheric guitar playing and incorporation of jazz, folk, and classical influences. They later incorporated sampling and electronic dance rhythms.