hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Na (kana)
Na (hiragana: な, katakana: ナ) are Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. The hiragana な is made in four strokes, the katakana ナ two. Both represent [na]. な and ナ originate from the man'yōgana 奈. な is used as part of the okurigana for the plain negative forms of Japanese verbs, and several negative forms of adjectives.

Mora (linguistics)
A mora (pl. morae or moras; often symbolized μ) is a smallest unit of timing, equal to or shorter than a syllable, that theoretically or perceptually exists in some spoken languages in which phonetic length (such as vowel length) matters significantly. For example, in the Japanese language, the name of the city Ōsaka (おおさか) consists of three syllables (O-sa-ka) but four morae (O-o-sa-ka), since the first syllable, Ō, is pronounced with a long vowel (the others being short). Thus, a short vowel contains one mora and is called monomoraic, while a long vowel contains two and is called bimoraic. Extra-long syllables with three morae (trimoraic) are relatively rare. Such metrics based on syllables are also referred to as syllable weight. In Japanese, certain consonants also stand on their own as individual morae and thus are monomoraic.

The term comes from the Latin word for 'linger, delay', which was also used to translate the Greek word χρόνος : chrónos ('time') in its metrical sense.
Asian American Action Fund
The Asian American Action Fund (AAAFund) is an American Democratic political action committee founded in 1999. AAAFund receives financial support from foundations, corporations, individuals, and fundraisers. AAAF receives no government funds.

Fundraising
Fundraising or fund-raising is the process of seeking and gathering voluntary financial contributions by engaging individuals, businesses, charitable foundations, or governmental agencies. Although fundraising typically refers to efforts to gather money for non-profit organizations, it is sometimes used to refer to the identification and solicitation of investors or other sources of capital for for-profit enterprises.

Traditionally, fundraising has consisted mostly of asking for donations through face-to-face fundraising, such as door-knocking. In recent years, though, new forms such as online fundraising or grassroots fundraising have emerged.
Niels Knagenhielm
Niels Tygesøn Knagenhielm (also known as Niels Knag; 11 May 1661 – 19 May 1737) was a Norwegian civil servant, land owner and merchant. He is also known for his writings about Northern Norway.

Knagenhielm was born near Vågsneset in the parish of Aure in Nordmøre, Norway. He served as district stipendiary magistrate and bailiff in Finnmark. Along with Bergen merchant Jørgen Thormøhlen, he became involved with the lucrative trade in Finnmark and northern Russia. In 1688 he was appointed deputy judge of Stavanger, and in 1695,  he was appointed to Lagmann in Bergen. He lived at the Hop farm on the island of Askøy. In 1710 he also bought the farms at Kaupanger and Stedje parish in Sogndal and Losnegard on the island of Losna. He was knighted in 1721 with the surname Knagenhielm. He died in 1737 and was buried at St Mary's Church in Bergen.

Losna (island)
Losna is an island in Solund Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 15.3-square-kilometre (5.9 sq mi) island lies at the mouth of the Sognefjorden, on the north side of the Sognesjøen. The Tollesundet strait lies between the island and the mainland of Hyllestad Municipality to the east and the Krakhellasundet strait lies between the island and the nearby island of Sula to the west. The island of Sula sits only about 600 metres (2,000 ft) to the west. The highest point on the very rocky island is the 451-metre (1,480 ft) tall mountain Meinova on the northern end of the island.

The island's residents all live on the southeastern side of the island, in and around the small village of Losnegard. The only access to the island is by boat, and there are ferry routes from Rutledal to the south in Gulen Municipality and to the village of Krakhella on the island of Sula to the west.
George Philips (cricketer)
George Henry Philips JP DL (18 July 1831 – 22 October 1886) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of Francis Aspinall Philips, he was born in July 1831 at Ardwick, Lancashire. He was educated at Eton College, before going up to Christ Church, Oxford in 1849. While studying at Oxford, he played first-class cricket for Oxford University Cricket Club on one occasion in 1853 against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) at Oxford. Five years later he made a second appearance in first-class cricket, this time for the MCC against Oxford University at Oxford. For Oxford University he played as a wicket-keeper, taking one catch and making one stumping, while across both matches he scored 29 runs. He inherited Abbey Cwmhir Hall in Radnorshire from his father in 1859. The following year he was appointed High Sheriff of Radnorshire and later served as both a deputy lieutenant and justice of the peace for the county. Philips died at Abbey Cwmhir Hall in October 1886.

Stumped
Stumped is a method of dismissing a batter in cricket, in which the wicket-keeper puts down the wicket of the striker while the striker is out of their ground. It is governed by Law 39 of the Laws of Cricket.

Being "out of their ground" means no part of the batter's body, equipment or bat is touching the ground behind the crease.

Stumped is a special case of run out, but a stumping can only be affected by the wicket-keeper without the intervention of another fielder, when the striker is not attempting a run, and the ball must not be a no-ball. If the criteria for both stumped and run out are met, then the dismissal will be recorded as a stumping and credited to the bowler and wicket-keeper.

As always in cricket, one of the fielding team must appeal for the wicket by asking the umpires. It is the striker's end umpire who adjudicates all stumpings, and all run-out appeals at the striker's end.
Jason Solowsky
Jason Robert Solowsky (born November 9, 1977) is an American music composer for film and television. A classical pianist and guitar player, his compositions can be heard in over 100 films, many of which have been released by Lionsgate, Sony Pictures, Universal Pictures, and Anchor Bay Entertainment among others.

Lionsgate Films
Lionsgate Films, previously spelled as Lions Gate and formerly known as Cinépix Film Properties, is a Canadian-American film production and distribution company founded in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, on June 15, 1962. Headquartered in Santa Monica, California, it is owned by Lionsgate Studios since May 14, 2024.

Lionsgate is the second-largest and most successful mini-major film studio in North America. The studio focuses on foreign and independent films and has distributed various commercially successful film franchises, including Saw, The Hunger Games, Rambo, Divergent, The Punisher, John Wick, Madea, Blair Witch, Now You See Me, Hostel, The Expendables, Sinister, The Twilight Saga, Step Up, and Den of Thieves.
Cure cottages of Saranac Lake
Between 1873 and 1945, Saranac Lake, New York, became a world-renowned center for the treatment of tuberculosis, using a treatment that involved exposing patients to as much fresh air as possible under conditions of complete bed-rest. In the process, a specific building type, the "cure cottage", developed, built by residents seeking to capitalize on the town's fame, by physicians, and often by the patients themselves. Many of these structures are extant, and their historic value has been recognized by listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

Thomas Bailey Aldrich
Thomas Bailey Aldrich (/ˈɔːldrɪtʃ/ AWL-dritch; November 11, 1836 – March 19, 1907) was an American writer, poet, critic, and editor. He is notable for his long editorship of The Atlantic Monthly, during which he published writers including Charles W. Chesnutt. He was also known for his semi-autobiographical book The Story of a Bad Boy, which established the "bad boy's book" subgenre in nineteenth-century American literature, and for his poetry.
Enneanectes boehlkei
Enneanectes boehlkei, known commonly as the roughhead triplefin, is a species of triplefin blenny. This species occurs in the western Atlantic Ocean from the Bahamas west into the Gulf of Mexico, including the Florida Keys to Tuxpan, Mexico and throughout the Caribbean, it is absent from most of Cuba except the north west, and off the northern South American coast its range extends from Cartagena, Colombia to the Orinoco River in Venezuela. The specific name honours the American ichthyologist James Erwin Böhlke  (1930-1982) of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, formerly the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, is the oldest natural science research institution and museum in the Americas. It was founded in 1812, by many of the leading naturalists of the young American republic with an expressed mission of "the encouragement and cultivation of the sciences". It has sponsored expeditions, conducted original environmental and systematics research, and amassed natural history collections containing more than 17 million specimens. The Academy also organizes public exhibits and educational programs for both schools and the general public.
King Gustav III of Sweden and His Brothers
King Gustav III of Sweden and His Brothers is an oil painting by the Swedish portrait painter Alexander Roslin showing Gustav with his two brothers, Prince Frederick Adolf and Prince Charles, later Charles XIII of Sweden. Frederick is standing, Gustav is sitting to the left, and Charles is to the right. The painting is in the collection of the Swedish National Museum.

The painting has Alexander Roslin's signature in French: Roslin à Paris 1771. Roslin had settled in Paris in 1752; by the time he painted this triple portrait Roslin had already been living in Paris for nineteen years. He would remain there for the rest of his life.

Prince Frederick Adolf, Duke of Östergötland
Prince Frederick Adolf, Duke of Östergötland (Swedish: Fredrik Adolf; 18 July 1750 – 12 December 1803) was a Swedish Prince, youngest son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, a sister of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia. He was given the title Duke of Östergötland.
16th Meril-Prothom Alo Awards
The 16th Meril Prothom Alo Awards ceremony, presented by Prothom Alo, took place on 25 April 2014 at the Bangabandhu International Conference Center in Dhaka, Bangladesh, as a part of the 2013–14 film awards season.

Bangladesh China Friendship Conference Center
Bangladesh China Friendship International Conference Center (BCFICC) is an international conference facility located in Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was designed by the Beijing Institute of Architectural Designs and Research.

The BCFICC has seventeen venues for holding small to large scale events, including state functions, social events, seminars, conferences, product launches, annual general meetings, fairs, exhibitions, cultural programs, reality shows, etc. Over the years, BCFICC has hosted numerous international conferences and summits over the years including 13th SAARC summit.
Achyranthemum
Achyranthemum, commonly called the chaff flowers, is a genus of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae which is native to South Africa. The genus was first described by Nicola Bergh in 2019 in the South African Journal of Botany, and it was segregated from the genus Syncarpha due to its representation of a separate lineage.

South African Journal of Botany
The South African Journal of Botany (Afrikaans title: Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir plantkunde) is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of botany as related to Southern Africa. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of the South African Association of Botanists, of which it is an official journal. It was established in 1982 and, after publishing 3 volumes, absorbed the Journal of South African Botany as of 1985. The latter journal had been established in 1935 and the merged journal continued the volume numbering of the older one. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 3.1
Old Episcopal Manse
Old Episcopal Manse is a historic Episcopal manse building on New York State Route 23, Main Street in Prattsville, Greene County, New York.  It was built about 1845 and is a 1+1⁄2-story, cross-gable house type with Gothic Revival style features. It features board and batten siding and a steeply pitched gable roof. Also on the property is a carriage house, also built about 1845.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
Bavarians
Bavarians are an  ethnographic group of Germans native to Bavaria, a state in Germany. The group's dialect or language is known as Bavarian, native to Altbayern ("Old Bavaria"), roughly the territory of the historic Electorate of Bavaria in the 17th century.

Like the neighboring Austrians, Bavarians are traditionally Catholic. In much of Altbayern, membership in the Catholic Church remains above 70%,
and the center-right Christian Social Union in Bavaria (successor of the Bavarian People's Party of 1919–1933) has traditionally been the strongest party in the Landtag, and also the party of all minister-presidents of Bavaria since 1946, with the single exception of Wilhelm Hoegner, 1954–1957.

Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria (German: Niederbayern, pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌbaɪɐn] ⓘ; Bavarian: Niedabayern, Niadabayern, Niedabayan or Niadabayan) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. It consists of nine districts and 258 municipalities (including three cities).
Zorica (princess)
Zorica (Serbian Cyrillic: Зорица; fl. July 1308) or Carica (Царица), (also Zaritsa, Zariza) was a Serbian princess, the daughter of King Stefan Milutin (r. 1282–1321) and Queen Elizabeth of Hungary. Her father planned to marry her to Charles, the son of Charles, Count of Valois, having signed an agreement in Serbia in July 1308, however, after Milutin's unsuccessful southward military operations and sabotage of the mission of the Papal legates sent into Serbia, Charles of Valois pulled out. She is depicted in frescos at Gračanica and Visoki Dečani.

Charles II, Count of Alençon
Charles II, called the Magnanimous (1297 – 26 August 1346) was Count of Alençon and Count of Perche (1325–1346), as well as Count of Chartres and Count of Joigny (1335–1336) as husband of Joan of Joigny.
Ju-jitsu at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's 62 kg
The women's jiu-jitsu (ne-waza) 62 kilograms Ju-jitsu competition at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta was held on 25 August 2018 at the Jakarta Convention Center Assembly Hall. Ju-jitsu made its debut at the 2018 Asian Games. Earlier, it was incorporated into the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games.

2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
The 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games (Turkmen: Ýapyk binalarda we söweş sungaty boýunça V Aziýa oýunlary/Япык биналарда ве сөвеш сунгаты боюнча V Азия оюнлары), which is also counted as the 5th Asian Indoor Games, was held in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan in 2017. It became the third city in the former Soviet countries to win the right of hosting an Olympic Council of Asia-sanctioned event, following Astana and Almaty in Kazakhstan, which jointly-hosted the 2011 Asian Winter Games. The host city was chosen in Kuwait on 19 December 2010. On 6 July 2013 the flag of the Olympic Council of Asia was officially handed over to the mayor of the city of Ashgabat.
La Chapelle-d'Armentières
La Chapelle-d'Armentières (French pronunciation: [la ʃapɛl daʁmɑ̃tjɛʁ]; Dutch: Armentiers-Kapelle) is a commune of the Nord department in northern France. It is part of the Métropole Européenne de Lille.

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Sabbath Bloody Sabbath
Sabbath Bloody Sabbath is the fifth studio album by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released on 30 November 1973. It was produced by the band and recorded at Morgan Studios in London in September 1973. The writing process for the album, which began in Los Angeles, California, was initially hampered in part by the band's substance abuse and fatigue following their 1972–1973 world tour in support of their previous album, Vol. 4. The band then relocated to Clearwell Castle in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England, where guitarist Tony Iommi conceived the main riff of what became the album's title track and lead single.

Geezer Butler
Terence Michael Joseph "Geezer" Butler (born 17 July 1949) is an English musician, best known as the bassist and primary lyricist of the pioneering heavy metal band Black Sabbath. He has also recorded and performed with Heaven & Hell, GZR, Ozzy Osbourne, and Deadland Ritual.
American Journal of Human Genetics
The American Journal of Human Genetics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of human genetics. It was established in 1948 by the American Society of Human Genetics and covers all aspects of heredity in humans, including the application of genetics in medicine and public policy, as well as the related areas of molecular and cell biology. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2019 impact factor of 10.502. The journal is published by Cell Press an imprint of Elsevier. Bruce R. Korf became the editor-in-chief in the winter of 2017–2018.

Heredity
Heredity, also called inheritance or biological inheritance, is the passing on of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents. Through heredity, variations between individuals can accumulate and cause species to evolve by natural selection. The study of heredity in biology is genetics.
Millennium Leadership Initiative
The Millennium Leadership Initiative or MLI is a premier higher education leadership development program. Originally created by the African-American presidents of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) to help prepare traditionally underrepresented groups for university and college presidencies and chancellorships.  The program is one of the most successful higher education programs and has expanded and is now open to all under-represented populations and participants need not be from AASCU member institutions.
MLI has partnered with Association of Public and Land Grant Universities (APLU) and the Coalition of Urban and Metropolitan Universities to expand its reach to faculty and administrators that are interested in moving to upper administrative positions.

American Association of State Colleges and Universities
The American Association of State Colleges and Universities (AASCU) is an organization of state-supported colleges and universities that offer degree programs leading to bachelor's, master's or doctoral degrees. AASCU grew out of the Association of Teacher Education Institutions that had been organized in 1961 to serve public comprehensive institutions. Most of the original member institutions began as single-purpose institutions, most commonly normal schools.

Since January 2024, the association has been led by Charles L. Welch, former president of the Arkansas State University System.
Birrega Main Drain
The Birrega Main Drain is a drainage canal in the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia. Construction of the canal commenced in the 1920s. The canal stretches from Darling Down, where it starts just west of the South Western Highway, to Baldivis, where it discharges into the Serpentine River. A second major drain, the Oaklands Main Drain, flows into the Birrega Main Drain, dewatering an area south-east of the latter while a number of smaller rural drains in turn flow into both. The two main drains have a combined catchment area of 185 square kilometres (71 sq mi).

Like the Peel Main Drain, which also discharged into the Serpentine River, the Birrega Main Drain was part of the Peel Estate.

South Western Highway
South Western Highway is a highway in the South West region of Western Australia connecting Perth's southeast with Walpole. It is a part of the Highway 1 network for most of its length. It is about 406 kilometres (252 mi) long.
Cuisine of Odisha
The cuisine of Odisha is the cuisine of the Indian state of Odisha. Compared to other regional Indian cuisines, Odia cuisine uses less oil and is less spicy, while nonetheless remaining flavorful. Rice is the staple food of this region. Mustard oil is used in some dishes as the cooking medium, but ghee (made of cow's milk) is preferred in temples. Odia foods are traditionally served either on brass or bronze metal plates, banana leaves, or disposable plates made of sal leaves.

Odia cooks, particularly from the Puri region, were much sought after due to their ability to cook food in accordance with the Hindu scriptures.

Yoghurt is used in many Odia dishes. Many sweets of the region are based on chhena (cheese).

Pungency
Pungency (/ˈpʌndʒənsi/ ⓘ PUN-jən-see), commonly referred to as spiciness, hotness or heat,  is a sensation that contributes to the flavor of certain foods such as chili peppers. Highly pungent foods may be experienced as unpleasant. The term piquancy (/ˈpiːkənsi/ PEEK-ən-see) is sometimes applied to foods with a lower degree of pungency that are "agreeably stimulating to the palate". In addition to chili peppers, piquant ingredients include wasabi, horseradish and mustard. The primary substances responsible for pungency are capsaicin (in chilis), piperine (in peppercorns) and allyl isothiocyanate (in radishes, mustard and wasabi).
1936 United States Senate election in Colorado
The 1936 United States Senate election in Colorado took place on November 3, 1936. Incumbent Democratic Senator Edward P. Costigan did not seek a second term in office. Democratic Governor Ed Johnson won the open race to succeed him over Raymond L. Sauter.

Primary elections were held September 8. Johnson defeated former Governor William E. Sweet for the Democratic nomination. Sauter was unopposed for the Republican nomination.

Edward P. Costigan
Edward Prentiss Costigan (July 1, 1874 – January 17, 1939) was a Democratic Party politician who represented Colorado in the United States Senate from 1931 to 1937. He was a founding member of the Progressive Party in Colorado in 1912.