hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Hawkes (sinologist)
David Hawkes (6 July 1923 – 31 July 2009) was a British sinologist and translator. After he was introduced to Japanese through codebreaking during the Second World War, Hawkes studied Chinese and Japanese at Oxford University between 1945 and 1947, before studying at Peking University from 1948 to 1951. He then returned to Oxford, where he completed his D.Phil. and later became Shaw Professor of Chinese. In 1971, Hawkes resigned his position to focus entirely on his translation of the famous Chinese novel The Story of the Stone (also known as Dream of the Red Chamber), which was published in three volumes between 1973 and 1980.  He retired in 1984 to rural Wales before returning to live in Oxford in his final years.

Hawkes was known for his translations that preserved the "realism and poetry" of the original Chinese, and was the foremost non-Chinese Redology expert.

Sinology
Sinology, also referred to as China studies, is a subfield of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on China. It is an academic discipline that focuses on the study of the Chinese civilization primarily through Chinese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science. Its origin "may be traced to the examination which Chinese scholars made of their own civilization."

The academic field of sinology often refers to Western scholarship. Until the 20th century, it was historically seen as equivalent to philology concerning the Chinese classics and other literature written in the Chinese language. Since then, the scope of sinology has expanded to include Chinese history and palaeography, among other subjects.
In Medias Res (band)
In Medias Res (also known as IMR) is an indie rock band from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  The band consists of Andrew Lee (lead vocals and guitar), Ash Poon (lead guitar), Ryan Flowers (bass), and Robert Tornroos (drums). The band's original drummer, Steve Watts, left in 2011. After forming in 1999, In Medias Res have released one EP and two full-length albums, Of What Was (2003) and It Was Warm and Sunny When We First Set Out (2011). They have been categorized in the media as alternative, post-rock and math rock, while being stylistically compared to such bands as Pedro the Lion, Radiohead, and TV on the Radio.

Mushroom Studios
Mushroom Studios was a music recording facility located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada with a long history in Canadian music.  It has now been relocated to Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

The studio hosted the recording of many classic albums, by such artists as Incredible Bongo Band, Heart, Bachman–Turner Overdrive, Loverboy, Queensrÿche, Chilliwack, Doucette, Skinny Puppy, 54-40, Raffi, Spirit of the West, Jane Siberry, Sarah McLachlan, SNFU, Tegan and Sara, Mutators, and Rymes With Orange.
Lamb fries
Lamb fries are lamb testicles used as food. Historically they were parboiled, cut in half, and seasoned. Lamb testicles are served in a variety of cuisines, including Basque, breaded and fried in some barbecue restaurants, Chinese, Caucasian, Persian and Iranian Armenian (called donbalan), and Turkish. The dish is rarely served at restaurants in the United States, but can occasionally be found at Iranian restaurants.

Lamb fries, often served in a cream gravy, are a traditional dish in the Bluegrass region of Kentucky.

Gravy
Gravy is a sauce made from the juices of meats and vegetables that run naturally during cooking and often thickened with thickeners for added texture. The gravy may be further coloured and flavoured with gravy salt (a mix of salt and caramel food colouring) or gravy browning (gravy salt dissolved in water) or bouillon cubes. Powders can be used as a substitute for natural meat or vegetable extracts. Canned and instant gravies are also available. Gravy is commonly served with roasts, meatloaf, sandwiches, rice, noodles, fries (chips), mashed potatoes, or biscuits (North America; see biscuits and gravy).
Thatcher shadow cabinet
Margaret Thatcher became the first female Leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Opposition after winning the 1975 leadership election, the first Conservative leadership election where the post was not vacant. A rule change to enable the election was largely prompted by dissatisfaction with the incumbent leader, Edward Heath, who had lost three of four general elections as leader, including two in 1974. After announcing her first Shadow Cabinet in February 1975, she reshuffled it twice: in January and November 1976. Minor subsequent changes were necessary to respond to various circumstances. Thatcher's Shadow Cabinet ceased to exist upon her becoming Prime Minister following the 1979 general election.

Airey Neave
Lieutenant Colonel Airey Middleton Sheffield Neave, DSO, OBE, MC, TD (/ˈɛəri ˈniːv/) (23 January 1916 – 30 March 1979) was a British soldier, lawyer and Member of Parliament (MP) from 1953 until his assassination in 1979.

During the Second World War, Neave was the first British prisoner-of-war to succeed in escaping from Oflag IV-C at Colditz Castle. On his return to England he worked with MI9 (Room 900) assisting escape and evasion lines in occupied Europe to help downed airmen evade German capture and return to Britain.  The escape lines helped about 7,000 British and American airmen and soldiers escape occupied Europe. After the war he served with the International Military Tribunal at the Nuremberg trials. He later became Conservative MP for Abingdon.

Neave was assassinated in a car bomb attack at the House of Commons; the Irish National Liberation Army claimed responsibility.
Frank M. Casto
Frank M. Casto (30 May 1875 – 25 April 1965) was an American orthodontist who attended Angle School of Orthodontia in 1902. He was the  President of the American Association of Orthodontists in 1909 and the American Dental Association in 1935.

American Dental Association
The American Dental Association (ADA) is an American professional dental association. Established in 1859 and with over 159,000 current members, ADA is the world's largest and oldest national dental association. The organization lobbies on behalf of the American dental profession and provides dental accreditation.

The ADA publishes the Journal of the American Dental Association and JADA Foundational Science.

As part of its lobbying efforts, the ADA has sought to restrict non-dentists (such as dental hygienists and dental therapists) from providing basic dental care. The organization has played an important role in blocking the inclusion of dental coverage in Medicare. The ADA has expressed opposition to the opening of new dental schools or to increasing the number of dentists in the United States, even as the United States trains almost half as many dental students (relative to population) in the 2000s as it did in the 1980s.
Arnoraja
Arnoraja (IAST: Arṇorāja, r. c. 1135–1150 CE) was an Indian king belonging to the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty. He ruled the Sapadalaksha country, which included parts of present-day Rajasthan in north-western India. Arnoraja defeated the Ghaznavid king Bahram Shah in the near Ajmer, and also defeated several neighbouring Hindu kings including the Paramaras and the Tomaras. He had to face defeats against the Chaulukyas, and was ultimately killed by his own son, Jagaddeva.

Dasharatha Sharma
Dasharatha Sharma (1903–1976) was an Indologist with a particular interest in the history of the Rajasthan region of India. Born in the Rajasthani city of Churu, he studied in the city of Bikaner and at the University of Delhi. He had degrees of Master of Arts (M.A.) in History and Sanskrit and received a Doctor of Literature (D. Litt.) for his thesis, Early Chauhan Dynasties.
Manigault
Manigault (variant spelling Manigaud, Manigaut, etc.) is a surname of French origin that derives from West Germanic Managwald (manig "many, much" + wald, walt "power"). It meant "laborer" in Old French too. It is similar to the German surname Manigold / Mangold. Notable people with the surname include:

Mangold
Mangold (also Mangoldt, Mangolt)  is a German surname, in origin from a given name.
It was the name of a noble family of Altenburger, Weißenfels, given for one Manegoldus de Weißenfels, a forebearer to the house of Thuringia. The name Mangold is currently most widespread in the southwestern German state of Baden Württemberg.

References:

https://www.heraldrysinstitute.com/lang/en/cognomi/Mangold/Germany+-+Switzerland/idc/731831/idt/en/

https://www.armorial.org/produit/91851/mangold.html
Sheopur district
Sheopur district (Hindi pronunciation: [ʃjoːpʊɾ]) is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. The district is located in the north of the state and forms part of the Chambal division. It is situated on the periphery of Rajasthan, which shows in the influence of Rajasthani culture in this district.Sheopur District is in northern Madhya Pradesh, India.

The town of Sheopur is the district headquarters. Other towns include Bijeypur, Karahal and Badoda. The district has a population of 687,861 (2011 census) and covers an area of 6,606 km². It is the third least populous district of Madhya Pradesh (out of 50), after Harda and Umaria. It is one of 21 tribal districts of Madhya Pradesh.

Central India
Central India refers to a geographical region of India that generally includes the states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.

The Central Zonal Council, established by the Government of India, includes these states as well as Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand to the north. The inclusion of Uttarakhand extends the region to the Himalayan border with Tibet/China.
Unfinished Grateful Dead album
The Grateful Dead had worked on songs in the early 1990s for an album that was intended to be the follow-up to Built to Last (1989), but it was never completed. This has sometimes been referred to as the unfinished last Grateful Dead album and The Missing Album. The band began work on a new album in February 1992, which was incomplete. After Jerry Garcia's death, the band considered finishing the album, but it never came into fruition.

On October 8, 2019, it was announced that a new album entitled Ready or Not would be released on November 22, 2019. It contains 9 songs, recorded during live performances between 1992 and 1995. All songs are from the list given below.

Vince Welnick
Vincent Leo Welnick (February 21, 1951 – June 2, 2006) was an American keyboardist and singer-songwriter, best known for playing with the band The Tubes during the 1970s and 1980s and with the Grateful Dead in the 1990s. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 as a member of the Grateful Dead.
Celacade
Celacade was a non-drug, device-based treatment also known as Immune Modulation Therapy (IMT), developed by the Canadian-based biotherapeutics company Vasogen, Inc. for chronic heart failure and peripheral artery disease.  Blood was piped through the device, where it was exposed to heat, ultraviolet light, and ozone, in the hope that this oxidative stress would trigger an anti-inflammatory immunomodulation response.

Despite some promising early results and one positive result in subgroup analysis, the technique usually did not produce the hoped-for clinically significant results.

Immunomodulation
Immunomodulation is modulation (regulatory adjustment) of the immune system. It has natural and human-induced forms, and thus the word can refer to the following:

Homeostasis in the immune system, whereby the system self-regulates to adjust immune responses to adaptive rather than maladaptive levels (using regulatory T cells, cell signaling molecules, and so forth)

Immunomodulation as part of immunotherapy, in which immune responses are induced, amplified, attenuated, or prevented according to therapeutic goals
George E. Bryant
George Edwin Bryant (February 11, 1832 – February 16, 1907) was an American lawyer, judge, and Republican politician.  He served as a Union Army officer during the American Civil War and afterwards served as a brigadier general in the Wisconsin National Guard.  He also served four years in the Wisconsin Legislature, representing Dane County, and was appointed Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Property by Governor Robert M. La Follette, serving from 1901 until his death in 1907.

Wisconsin National Guard
The Wisconsin National Guard consists of the Wisconsin Army National Guard and the Wisconsin Air National Guard. It is a part of the Government of Wisconsin under the control of the Wisconsin Department of Military Affairs.  The Wisconsin National Guard dates back to 1848 when it was commissioned by the State as the "Wisconsin State Militia". In 1879, the organization's name was changed to its current title.
Pizzo di Vernà
Pizzo di Vernà (also known as Montagna di Vernà, Pizzo Polo, Muntagna i Po) (1287 m) is a peak of the Peloritani Mountains, located in the province of Messina, Sicily. It is located in the South Western part of the Peloritani range in the territories of Antillo, Casalvecchio Siculo and Fondachelli-Fantina.
It is a difficult peak to climb because of the typical Mediterranean vegetation on its slopes, unless you take the path on the East wall. It is visited for its stunning landscape: from the top it’s possible to view Mount Etna, mount Rocca di Salvatesta, the Ionian coast and the Tyrrhenian coast. From Fondachelli-Fantina it is possible to see the Montagna di Vernà shining in the afternoon, lit by the sun. The mountain has been designated a Site of Community Importance (SIC).

Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
Mediterranean forests, woodlands and scrub is a biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. The biome is generally characterized by dry summers and rainy winters, although in some areas rainfall may be uniform. Summers are typically hot in low-lying inland locations, but can be cool near colder seas; while winters are typically mild to cool in low-lying locations, but can be cold in inland and higher locations. These ecoregions are highly distinctive, collectively harboring 10% of the Earth's plant species.
Kurbatov
Kurbatov (Russian: Курбатов [kʊrˈbatəf]; f. Kurbatova [kʊrˈbatəvə]) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexey Kurbatov (born 1994), Russian cyclist

Ekaterina Kurbatova (born 1992), Russian gymnast

Evgeny Kurbatov (born 1988), Russian ice hockey defenceman

Natalya Kurbatova (born 1985), Russian long-distance runner

Stoyanka Kurbatova (born 1955), Bulgarian rower

Valentin Kurbatov (1939–2021), Russian literary critic and writer

Valeria Kurbatova (born 1992), Russian harpist

Valeria Clarke
Valeria Clarke (née Kurbatova; Russian: Валерия Курбатова; born 1992) is a harpist, who lives and performs in London. Clarke is a member of the Globe Ensemble, a harp, flute and viola trio, and is also a session musician in pop and dance music.
ARA Alférez Sobral
ARA Alférez Sobral (A-9) was an 800-ton ocean-going tug that was in service with the Argentine Navy from 1972 until 2019, where she was classified as an aviso. She had previously served in the  US Navy as the fleet tug USS Salish (ATA-187). In Argentine service an aviso is a small naval vessel used for a number of auxiliary tasks, including tugging, laying buoys, and replenishing other ships, lighthouses and naval bases.

Sotoyomo-class tugboat
The Sotoyomo-class tugboats were a class of United States Navy rescue tugboats. The lead ship was USS Sotoyomo, laid down in September 1942. Designed as "rescue tugs", the class consisted of forty-nine ships, classified as auxiliaries. Sotoyomo commemorates a part of the Sioux tribe.
11th Air Squadron (Japan)
The 11th Air Squadron (第十一飛行戦隊 – 11th Hiko Sentai) was a flying unit of the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service. It was established on 31 August 1938 at Harbin, Manchuria. The unit serviced in Manchuria during the Manchuria Incident, in China during the Second Sino-Japanese War, and later operated in Burma, the Netherlands, East Indies, Indochina, Rabaul, the Solomon Islands, New Guinea, the Philippines, Formosa, and Japan during World War II. The unit was disbanded at Takahagi, Japan, in late 1945.

Takahagi, Ibaraki
Takahagi (高萩市, Takahagi-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2020, the city had an estimated population of 27,522 in 11,651 households and a population density of 140 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 36.2%. The total area of the city is 193.58 square kilometres (74.74 sq mi).
David Denny
David Thomas Denny (March 17, 1832 – November 25, 1903) was a member of the Denny Party, who are generally collectively credited as the founders of Seattle, Washington, United States. Though he ultimately underwent bankruptcy, he was a significant contributor to the shape of the city. Roger Sale, in his book Seattle, Past to Present, described him as having been "the pioneer to turn to if one had a plan that would be 'good for Seattle', and one needed a respectable tone and a willing investor."

West Seattle
West Seattle is a conglomeration of neighborhoods in Seattle, Washington, United States. It comprises two of the thirteen districts, Delridge and Southwest, and encompasses all of Seattle west of the Duwamish River. It was incorporated as an independent town in 1902 before being annexed by Seattle five years later. Among the area's attractions are its saltwater beach parks along Elliott Bay and Puget Sound, including Alki Beach Park and Lincoln Park. The area is also known for its views of the Olympic Mountains to the west and the Cascade Range to the east. One-third of Seattle's green space and urban forest is located in West Seattle, much of it in the West Duwamish Greenbelt.
NGC 333
NGC 333 is a lenticular galaxy located approximately 755 million light years away in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered in 1877 by Wilhelm Tempel. It is recorded as NGC 333 in the New General Catalogue. It has a companion galaxy, named PGC 3073571, which is presumed to be a physical pair with NGC 333.

NGC 333's location is 00 58 51.2987945616 (R.A.) and -16 28 08.952040380 (Dec.). Its radial velocity is 16226 km/s.

Wilhelm Tempel
Ernst Wilhelm Leberecht Tempel (4 December 1821 – 16 March 1889), normally known as Wilhelm Tempel, was a German astronomer who worked in Marseille until the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, then later moved to Italy.

Tempel was born at Niedercunnersdorf, Saxony. He was a prolific discoverer of comets, discovering or co-discovering 21 in all, including Comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle, now known to be the parent body of the Leonid meteor shower, and 9P/Tempel, the target of the NASA probe Deep Impact in 2005. Other periodic comets that bear his name include 10P/Tempel and 11P/Tempel-Swift-LINEAR.

In 1861, he was awarded the Lalande Prize. He won the Prix Valz for the year 1880. The main-belt asteroid 3808 Tempel and the lunar crater Tempel are named after him.
Richard Gaffin
Richard B. Gaffin, Jr. (born 1936) is a Calvinist theologian, Presbyterian minister, and was the Charles Krahe Professor of Biblical and Systematic Theology at Westminster Theological Seminary in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from 1999 to 2008. He became the Professor Emeritus, Biblical and Systematic Theology in 2008.

Kerux
Kerux: The Journal of Northwest Theological Seminary is an academic journal of theology. The name comes from the Greek word for "herald" or "preacher" (κῆρυξ). It focuses on biblical theology in the tradition of Geerhardus Vos.
Revolution Radio
Revolution Radio is the twelfth studio album by the American rock band Green Day, released on October 7, 2016, through Reprise Records. A self-produced effort, it marked their first release since 2009's 21st Century Breakdown not to be produced by longtime producer Rob Cavallo. It is also their first release since that album to be recorded as a trio.

Three singles were released from the album: "Bang Bang", "Revolution Radio", and "Still Breathing". The album received generally positive reviews from music critics, appeared on multiple year-end lists, and sold 95,000 first-week album-equivalent units in the US to debut at number one on the Billboard 200. Revolution Radio also debuted at number one in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy, Canada, and New Zealand.

Rob Cavallo
Robert Siers Cavallo (born March 21, 1963) is an American record producer, musician, and record executive. He is among the biggest-selling producers in alternative music, having contributed to albums that have sold over 130 million units worldwide. He is also a three-time Grammy Award recipient.

Primarily known for his production work with Green Day, he has also worked with Linkin Park, My Chemical Romance, Eric Clapton, Beth Hart, the Goo Goo Dolls, the Dave Matthews Band, Kid Rock, Jawbreaker, Alanis Morissette, Black Sabbath, Phil Collins, Paramore, Sixpence None the Richer, Lil Peep, ONE OK ROCK, Shinedown, Beauty School Dropout and Meat Loaf.

Cavallo plays multiple instruments and has professional credits for his bass, keyboard, organ, piano, guitar and percussion work.
Mark Mindler
Mark Joseph Mindler (March 28, 1860 – 1957) was a Greek civil servant and volunteer youth educator, founder of the first Greek Scouting group.

Mark Mindler was born in Athens, Greece, to parents of German descent. He studied law at the University of Athens.  In 1882, having acquired his PhD, he was admitted to the Athens Bar Association and started working as a non-salaried assistant judge in the Athens court of first instance, rising to serve as an associate judge in the Court of Appeal. In 1886, he was appointed stenographer in the Parliament of Greece.  In 1900 following the departure of his brother he became head of the stenographers’ office, a position he kept until his retirement in 1937, having reached the rank of general director.  Mark Mindler died in 1957.

Hellenic Philotelic Society
The Hellenic Philotelic Society (formed 1925) is a philatelic organisation in Athens devoted to promoting the philately of Greece and the Greek area.

The society played an important part in the development of philately in Greece. Members of the society wrote the entries on "stamp" and "philately" in the Great Hellenic Encyclopaedia, the Encyclopaedic Lexikon and the Elios Encyclopaedia. The society also established in the Greek language foreign philatelic terms, including philately, watermark, tete-beche and others. The society organised some of the first national and international philatelic exhibitions in Greece and worked with state institutions to establish stamp issuing and destruction policies to protect the reputation of Greek stamps.
André Kerhervé
André Kerhervé (born 14 August 1911 in Quimperlé) was a French politician, active in Congo-Brazzaville. Kerhervé managed a printing business. Politically, he labelled himself an Independent. He was heading the UDSR in Moyen-Congo. In 1957 he was elected to the Territorial Assembly as an African Socialist Movement (MSA) candidate. On 8 December 1958 he was named Minister of Industrial Production in the government of Fulbert Youlou (along with another socialist member of the assembly, Albert Fourvelle).

African Socialist Movement
African Socialist Movement (French: Mouvement Socialiste Africain, MSA) was a political party in French West Africa. The MSA was formed following a meeting of the Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière (SFIO) federations of Cameroon, Chad, the French Congo (now the Republic of the Congo and Gabon), French Sudan (now Mali), Guinea, Niger, Oubangui-Chari (now the Central African Republic), and Senegal; the meeting was held in Conakry from 11 to 13 January 1957. At that meeting it was decided that the African federations would break with its French parent organisation and form the MSA.

The first meeting of the leading committee of MSA met from 9 to 10 February in Dakar the same year. Two SFIO delegates attended the session. MSA opted for a federalist solution for French West Africa. On 26 March 1958, the MSA signed a declaration in Paris merging itself into the African Regroupment Party (PRA).