hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ousia
Ousia (/ˈuːziə, ˈuːsiə, ˈuːʒə, ˈuːʃə/; Ancient Greek: οὐσία) is a philosophical and theological term, originally used in ancient Greek philosophy, then later in Christian theology. It was used by various ancient Greek philosophers, especially Aristotle, as a primary designation for philosophical concepts of essence or substance. It is analogous to concepts of being and the ontological in contemporary philosophy. In Christian theology, the concept of θεία ουσία (divine essence) is one of the most important doctrinal concepts, central to the development of trinitarian doctrine.

The Ancient Greek term θεία ουσία (theia ousia; divine essence) was translated in Latin as essentia or substantia, and hence in English as essence or substance.

Categories (Aristotle)
The Categories (Ancient Greek: Κατηγορίαι, romanized: Katēgoriai; Latin: Categoriae or Praedicamenta) is a text from Aristotle's Organon that enumerates all the possible kinds of things that can be the subject or the predicate of a proposition.  They are "perhaps the single most heavily discussed of all Aristotelian notions". The work is brief enough to be divided not into books, as is usual with Aristotle's works, but into fifteen chapters.

The Categories places every object of human apprehension under one of ten categories (known to medieval writers as the Latin term praedicamenta). Aristotle intended them to enumerate everything that can be expressed without composition or structure, thus anything that can be either the subject or the predicate of a proposition.
Cercidospora macrospora
Cercidospora macrospora is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the genus Cercidospora but it has not been assigned to a family. It is known from the northern hemisphere.

Known host species include lichen of the genus Lecanora.

Lecanora
Lecanora is a genus of lichen commonly called rim lichens.: 279  Lichens in the genus Squamarina are also called rim lichens. Members of the genus have roughly circular fruiting discs (apothecia) with rims that have photosynthetic tissue similar to that of the nonfruiting part of the lichen body (thallus). Other lichens with apothecia having margins made of thallus-like tissue are called lecanorine.

It is in the  family Lecanoraceae in the suborder Lecanorineae.
Myriopteris fendleri
Myriopteris fendleri, known as Fendler's lip fern, is a small to medium-sized fern of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Its leaf is three times divided. One of the cheilanthoid lip ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes fendleri until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It grows on rocky ledges and slopes, often in pine forests. The species is presumably named for Augustus Fendler, who collected the type specimen.

NatureServe
NatureServe, Inc. is a non-profit organization based in Arlington County, Virginia, US, that provides proprietary wildlife conservation-related data, tools, and services to private and government clients, partner organizations, and the public. NatureServe reports being "headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, with regional offices in four U.S. locations and in Canada." In calendar year 2011 they reported having 86 employees, 6 volunteers, and 15 independent officers.
Latoplatecarpus
Latoplatecarpus is an extinct genus of plioplatecarpine mosasaur known from the Late Cretaceous (early middle Campanian stage) of the northern Gulf of Mexico, the Western Interior Basin of North America, and a singular specimen from the Saratov Region, of Russia. It was among the largest plioplatecarpine mosasaurs, with L. nichollsae measuring over 8 metres (26 ft) in total body length.

Mosasaur
Mosasaurs (from Latin Mosa meaning the 'Meuse', and Greek σαύρος sauros meaning 'lizard') are an extinct group of large aquatic reptiles within the family Mosasauridae that lived during the Late Cretaceous. Their first fossil remains were discovered in a limestone quarry at Maastricht on the Meuse in 1764. They belong to the order Squamata, which includes lizards and snakes.

During the last 20 million years of the Cretaceous period (Turonian–Maastrichtian ages), with the extinction of the ichthyosaurs and pliosaurs, mosasaurids became the dominant marine predators. They themselves became extinct as a result of the K-Pg event at the end of the Cretaceous period, about 66 million years ago.
Mastaba of Hesy-Re
The Mastaba of Hesy-re is an ancient Egyptian tomb complex in the great necropolis of Saqqara in Egypt. It is the final resting place of the high official Hesy-Ra, who served in office during the Third Dynasty under King Djoser (Netjerikhet). His large mastaba is renowned for its well-preserved wall paintings and relief panels made from imported Lebanese cedar, which are today considered masterpieces of Old Kingdom wood carving. The mastaba itself is the earliest example of a painted tomb from the Old Kingdom and the only known example from the Third Dynasty. The tomb was excavated by the Egyptologists Auguste Mariette and James Quibell.

Hesy-Ra
Hesire (also read Hesy-Re and Hesy-Ra) was an ancient Egyptian high official during the early Third Dynasty of Egypt. His most notable title was Wer-ibeḥsenjw, meaning either "Great one of the ivory cutters" or "Great one of the dentists", which makes him the earliest named dentist.  His tomb is noted for its paintings and cedar wood panels.
Over in Hero-Land
"Over in Hero-Land" is a World War I era song released in 1918. Arthur Freed wrote the lyrics. Louis Silvers composed the music. Meyer Cohen Music of New York, New York published the song. It was written for voice and piano. The cover was designed by E. Pfeiffer. It features a drawing of a tank firing at soldiers. Below it is a picture of Lola Wentworth, who performed the song.

The song chronicles the departure of a soldier from his significant other. The woman is full of heartache, but is also proud of "her soldier boy." In order to comfort herself she repeats a prayer, which is the chorus:

Over in Hero-Land,
Angels above
Hold out a helping hand
Watch him I love,
Tell him my lonesome heart
Sends this command,
Come back to me, Sweetheart
From Hero-Land

The sheet music can be found at the Library of Congress and Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

Arthur Freed
Arthur Freed (née Grossman; September 9, 1894 – April 12, 1973) was an American lyricist and a Hollywood film producer. He won the Academy Award for Best Picture twice, in 1951 for An American in Paris and in 1958 for Gigi. Both films were musicals, and both were directed by Vincente Minnelli. In addition, he produced the film Singin' in the Rain, the soundtrack for which primarily consisted of songs he co-wrote earlier in his career.  In the decades following his death, Freed has become the subject of several sexual harassment allegations, most notably from actress Shirley Temple and actress and dancer Barrie Chase.
Kennedy Tejeda
Kennedy Tejeda (born January 25, 2000) is a Venezuelan lawyer and human rights activist. He has worked as a defense attorney and member of the human rights group Foro Penal in Carabobo State.

Tejeda was arrested on August 2, 2024 by security officials. Several human rights groups, including Amnesty International, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights had called for his immediate release.

Tejeda was released from custody on January 25, during the 2026 political prisoner release in Venezuela.

Carabobo
Carabobo State (Spanish: Estado Carabobo, IPA: [esˈtaðo kaɾaˈβoβo]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. Located in the Central Region of Venezuela, it is about two hours by car from Caracas. The state capital city is Valencia, which is also the country's main industrial center. The state's area is 4,369 km2 (1,687 sq mi) and, as of the 2011 census, had a population of 2,245,744.

Carabobo State was the site of the Battle of Carabobo on 24 June 1821. This was a decisive victory for the Venezuelans, led by Simón Bolívar, in their war of independence against Spain.
Hobart baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Hobart, one in England and one in the United Kingdom, with both creations for branches of the same family.

The Hobart Baronetcy, of Intwood in the County of Norfolk, was created in the Baronetage of England in 1611 for Sir Henry Hobart. The fifth Baronet was created Earl of Buckinghamshire in 1746. For more information on this creation, see the latter title.

The Hobart Baronetcy, of Langdown in the County of Southampton, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom in 1914 for Sir Robert Henry Hobart, who had previously served as Liberal MP for New Forest from 1906 to 1910. Hobart was the son of the Very Reverend the Hon. Henry Lewis Hobart, fourth son of the third Earl of Buckinghamshire. The present holder is heir presumptive to the earldom of Buckinghamshire and the 1611 baronetcy.

New Forest (UK Parliament constituency)
New Forest was a county constituency in south-west Hampshire which elected one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

It was first created under the Redistribution of Seats Act for the 1885 general election, and was abolished for the 1918 general election, when it was partially replaced by the New Forest and Christchurch constituency.

The seat was re-established for the 1950 general election and those thereafter, was significantly cut in size on the creation of the seat of Romsey in 1983 and was abolished for the 1997 general election, when the New Forest East and New Forest West seats were created using its remaining components.

In the British TV series House of Cards, this was the constituency represented by the main character, Francis Urquhart.
Roope Jussila
Roope Jussila (19 April 1943 – 11 December 2013) was a Finnish diplomat.

Jussila was born in Varkaus. He was employed by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs for almost 40 years. His foreign places of residence were Marseille, San Francisco, Lagos, Ankara, Alger, Tunis and Prague. Jussila said during the Algerian civil war in 1994, half a year alone Chargé d'Affaires of the Embassy of Finland in Algiers on the functioning of the other embassy staff moved because of troubled conditions in Tunis. He was then acting Chargé d'Affaires  in Tunis from 1995 to 1996.

Jussila published his memoirs in 2009 Diplomaattisia mustelmia eli miten selviytyä kissojen kanssa maailmalla. He had  cats as pet animals, and as an expert in cat care, he was assisting, for example, when President Tarja Halonen's cats Miska and Rontti moved to Mäntyniemi. He died in Helsinki, aged 70.

Jussila appeared in Jaakko Pakkasvirta's 1968 film Vihreä leski.

Jaakko Pakkasvirta
Jaakko Juhani Pakkasvirta (28 November 1934 – 23 March 2018) was a Finnish film director and  screenwriter. He directed more than 30 films between 1958 and 2000. His 1975 film Home for Christmas was entered into the 9th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1978 film Poet and Muse was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival.
Yesnaby
Yesnaby (historic: Yeskenaby, Yestnaby) is a historic township in Sandwick, on the west coast of Orkney Mainland, Scotland, south of Skara Brae. It is renowned for its spectacular Old Red Sandstone coastal cliff scenery which includes sea stacks, blowholes, geos and frequently boiling seas. A car park, coastal trail and interpretive panels serve visitors. The area is popular with climbers because of Yesnaby Castle, a two-legged sea stack just south of the Brough of Bigging. The stack is sometimes described as a smaller version of the Old Man of Hoy. Yesnaby is also one of the very few places where Primula scotica grows.

Geo (landform)
A geo or gio (/ɡjoʊ/ GYOH, from Old Norse gjá) is an inlet, a gully or a narrow and deep cleft in the face of a cliff. Geos are common on the coastline of the Shetland and Orkney islands. They are created by the wave driven erosion of cliffs along faults and bedding planes in the rock. Geos may have sea caves at their heads. Such sea caves may collapse, extending the geo, or leaving depressions inland from the geo. Geos can also be created from this process.
Hunt for the Jews
Hunt for the Jews: Betrayal and Murder in German-Occupied Poland is a 2013 book about the Holocaust in Poland by Jan Grabowski. The 2013 English edition followed a 2011 Polish-language edition (published as Judenjagd: polowanie na Żydów) and was in turn followed by a 2016 Hebrew edition.

The book describes the Judenjagd (German: "Jew hunt") from 1942 onwards, focusing on Dąbrowa Tarnowska County, a rural area in southeastern Poland. The Judenjagd was the German search for Jews who had escaped from the German-liquidated ghettos in Poland and tried to hide among the non-Jewish population.

Grabowski asserts that most of the Jews in hiding perished due to betrayal by local Poles, either via denunciation to German authorities or after being taken captive and being delivered by locals to the German gendarmerie or German-run "Polish police".

The book sparked a heated public debate, particularly when first published in Poland in 2011.

Szymon Datner
Szymon Datner (2 February 1902 – 8 December 1989) was a Polish historian, Holocaust survivor and underground operative from Białystok, who was born in Kraków and died in Warsaw. He is best known for his studies of the Nazi war crimes and events of The Holocaust in the Białystok region. His 1946 Walka i zagłada białostockiego ghetta was one of the first studies of the Białystok Ghetto.
Silver Columns
Silver Columns is the musical collaborative effort of Johnny Lynch, aka The Pictish Trail (of the Fence Collective) and Adem Ilhan, bassist in post-rock outfit Fridge.

After releasing the singles "Brow Beaten" and "Yes, and Dance" anonymously, Silver Columns made their live debut at Fence Records’ annual hootenanny, Homegame in 2010 and continued to appear at festivals and venues throughout the year. They released the album Yes, and Dance in May 2010.

Fridge (band)
Fridge was an English instrumental post-rock band formed in 1995 by school friends Kieran Hebden (guitar, samples), Adem Ilhan (bass) and Sam Jeffers (drums). Their rhythm heavy sound was influenced by krautrock bands such as Can and Neu!, while critics view their early works as following similar paths as the contemporary post-rock groups Tortoise and Do Make Say Think. Over time Hebden's interest in techno and drum and bass became predominant, supported by Jeffers' complex drum patterns.

They released four critically acclaimed but commercially unsuccessful albums between 1995 and 2001, of which the last, Happiness, is generally seen as their high point. Their 2007 double album The Sun was released after a long period of inactivity, after Hebden had begun a solo career and Ilhan and Jeffers enrolled in college.

Fridge never officially split up, although their last live performance was in 2007. Hebden and Ilhan record as Four Tet and Adem respectively.
Pest Man Wins
Pest Man Wins is a 1951 short subject directed by Jules White starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Shemp Howard). It is the 136th entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Larry Fine
Larry Fine (born Louis Feinberg; October 4, 1902 – January 24, 1975) was an American actor, comedian and musician. He is best known as a member of the comedy act the Three Stooges and was often called "The Middle Stooge".
David Campese
David Ian Campese, AM (/kæmˈpiːzi/; born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player (1982–1996), who was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and played 85 Tests at wing and 16 at fullback.

He retired in 1996 and was awarded the Order of Australia in 2002 for his contribution to Australian rugby. Campese is now a media commentator, working in broadcasting and print media, and international guest speaker. He also works as an ambassador to businesses including Coca-Cola Amatil, DHL, Adidas, Ladbrokes, and Investec.

Queanbeyan Whites
The Queanbeyan Rugby Union Football Club is a rugby union club based in Queanbeyan, New South Wales. They have earned the nickname 'Queanbeyan Whites' due to the colour of their playing jersey.  The club competes in the ACTRU Premier Division.
Congregation of the Sisters of St. Ann
The Congregation of the Sisters of St. Ann, sometimes called the Sisters of St. Ann of Providence, are a congregation of Roman Catholic of Religious Sisters founded in the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1834 for the care of children and of the poor. The Sisters use the postnominal initials of SSA

Religious congregation
A religious congregation is a type of religious institute in the Catholic Church. They are legally distinguished from religious orders – the other major type of religious institute – in that members take simple vows, whereas members of religious orders take solemn vows.
Stream capacity
The capacity of a stream or river is the total amount of sediment a stream is able to transport.  This measurement usually corresponds to the stream power and the width-integrated bed shear stress across section along a stream profile. Note that capacity is greater than the load, which is the amount of sediment carried by the stream. Load is generally limited by the sediment available upstream.

Stream capacity is often mistaken for the stream competency, which is a measure of  the maximum size of the particles that the stream can transport, or for the total load, which is the load that a stream carries.

The sediment transported by the stream depends upon the intensity of rainfall and land characteristics.

Stream power
Stream power, originally derived by R. A. Bagnold in the 1960s, is the amount of energy the water in a river or stream is exerting on the sides and bottom of the river. Stream power is the result of multiplying the density of the water, the acceleration of the water due to gravity, the volume of water flowing through the river, and the slope of that water. There are many forms of the stream power formula with varying utilities, such as comparing rivers of various widths or quantifying the energy required to move sediment of a certain size. Stream power is closely related to other criteria such as stream competency and shear stress. Stream power is a valuable measurement for hydrologists and geomorphologists tackling sediment transport issues as well as for civil engineers, who use it in the planning and construction of roads, bridges, dams, and culverts.
Music of Cyprus
The music of Cyprus includes a variety of traditional, Western classical and Western popular genres. Cypriot traditional music is similar to the traditional music of Greece, it is most similar to Nisiotika the songs and dances of the Aegean islands, and includes dances like sousta, syrtos, ballos, tatsia, antikristos, arabiye, karotseris, sinalik, çifteli, zeimbekiko and the mandra dance.

Monsieur Doumani
Monsieur Doumani is a three-piece Cypriot band formed in Nicosia in 2011, winner of the "Best Group" award in the Songlines Music Awards 2019. Monsieur Doumani have performed in major festivals and venues in Europe, including WOMEX, WOMAD Charlton Park, Konzerthaus Vienna, Rudolstadt-Festival, Havana World Music Festival etc.
Space Nanotechnology Laboratory
The Space Nanotechnology Laboratory performs research in interference lithography and diffraction grating fabrication.  It has fabricated the high energy transmission gratings for one of NASA's Great Observatories, the Chandra X-Ray Observatory.  It is also the home of the Nanoruler, a unique and high-precision grating patterning tool.

Interference lithography
Interference lithography (or holographic lithography) is a technique that uses coherent light (such as light from a laser) for patterning regular arrays of fine features without the use of complex optical systems or photomasks.
Take Me Out (song)
"Take Me Out" is a song by Scottish indie rock band Franz Ferdinand. It was released as the second single from their eponymous debut studio album in the United Kingdom on 12 January 2004 and in the United States on 12 April 2004, both through Domino Records. It was released as 7-inch vinyl, a CD single, and a DVD single with the music video and a short interview with the band.

The single reached number three in the UK Singles Chart. In the United States, it reached number three on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart and number 66 on the Billboard Hot 100. The single was certified multi-platinum in Canada, New Zealand, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the US. The song was voted the best single of 2004 by The Village Voice Pazz & Jop poll, and number one on Australian youth radio network Triple J's Hottest 100 of the same year. In July 2009, it was voted number 100 on Triple J's Hottest 100 of All Time.

Pazz & Jop
Pazz & Jop was an annual poll of top musical releases, compiled by American newspaper The Village Voice and created by music critic Robert Christgau. It published lists of the year's top releases for 1971 and, after Christgau's two-year absence from the Voice, each year from 1974 onward. The polls were tabulated from the submitted year-end top 10 lists of hundreds of music critics. It was named in acknowledgement of the defunct magazine Jazz & Pop, and adopted the ratings system used in that publication's annual critics poll.
Yadira Serrano Crespo
Yadira Serrano Crespo (born 18 April 1976) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Party of the Democratic Revolution. As of 2014 she served as Deputy of the LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress as a plurinominal representative.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
Dennis Retera
Dennis Retera (born 11 July 1986 in Best, North Brabant) is a Dutch racing driver currently competing in the International GT Open. Retera has raced in the International Formula Master, Formula Renault 2.0 and other racing series. In 2008 Retera joined A1 Team Netherlands as a test driver.

Formula Renault
Formula Renault are classes of formula racing popular in Europe and elsewhere. Regarded as an entry-level series to motor racing, it was founded in 1971, and was a respected series where drivers can learn advanced racecraft before moving on to higher formulas.

Renault now backs the French F4 Championship and Formula Regional European Championship. The World Series by Renault once included Formula Renault 3.5 before becoming World Series Formula V8 3.5 in 2016, then folding in 2017.
Nikolayevka, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia
Nikolayevka (Russian: Никола́евка) is an urban locality (a work settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of Oktyabrsky City District of the city of republic significance of Saransk in the Republic of Mordovia, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 5,058.

Mordovia
Mordovia (/mɔːrˈdoʊvɪə/ mor-DOH-vee-ə), officially the Republic of Mordovia, is a republic of Russia, situated in Eastern Europe. Its capital is the city of Saransk. As of the 2010 Census, the population of the republic was 834,755. Ethnic Russians (53.1%) and Mordvins (39.8%) account for the majority of the population.