hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Miles Barne (politician born 1718)
Miles Barne (October 1718 – 27 December 1780) was an English land-owner and a Member of Parliament for Dunwich between 1747 and 1754, and again between 1764 and 1777. Born into a family long associated with London merchant circles, Barne accumulated sufficient wealth to purchase an estate in Suffolk and became prominent amongst local freeman. Dunwich in Suffolk, his constituency, was a pocket borough, controlled by the Downing land-owning family; Barne, the local Vanneck family and the freemen of the borough slowly ousted the Downings' influence and Barne established himself as one of the town's new members, which gave his family the seat until it was abolished in the 1832 Reforms.

Dunwich (UK Parliament constituency)
Dunwich was a parliamentary borough in Suffolk, one of the most notorious of all the rotten boroughs. It elected two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons from 1296 until 1832, when the constituency was abolished by the Great Reform Act.
Giustina Rocca
Giustina Rocca (died 1502) was an Italian Renaissance lawyer, judge and diplomat. She has been called the world's first female lawyer, and claimed as an inspiration for the character of Portia in Shakespeare's play Merchant of Venice.

Portia (The Merchant of Venice)
Portia is a female protagonist in The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare. In creating her character, Shakespeare drew from the historical figure of Porcia – the daughter of Cato the Younger – as well as several parts of the Bible.

Portia is fond of proverbs, frequently quoting them, which was considered a sign of wisdom and intellect in the Elizabethan era. It has been suggested that the character of Portia was based on Queen Elizabeth, who was reigning at the time the play was written, and who also had a penchant for proverbs.
Candida Donadio
Candida Donadio (October 22, 1929 – January 20, 2001) was an American literary agent. She represented many writers, including  Mario Puzo, John Cheever, Philip Roth and Cormac McCarthy.

Donadio was referred to in the mid-1960s as part of what Esquire called the "red-hot center" of contemporary literature, after shepherding books such as Joseph Heller's Catch-22 (1961), Jessica Mitford's The American Way of Death (1963), and Thomas Pynchon's V. (1963) through successful publishing campaigns.

The American Way of Death
The American Way of Death is an exposé of abuses in the funeral home industry in the United States, written by Jessica Mitford and published in 1963. An updated revision, The American Way of Death Revisited, largely completed by Mitford just before her death in 1996, appeared in 1998.
86th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron
The 86th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  Its last assignment was with the 79th Fighter Group at Youngstown Air Force Base, Ohio, where it was inactivated on 1 March 1960.

The squadron was first activated shortly after the United States entered World War II as the 86th Pursuit Squadron.  As the 86th Fighter Squadron It saw combat in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations and earned two Distinguished Unit Citations.  After the end of the war it became an element of the occupation forces until returning to the United States, where it was inactivated in 1947.

It was activated once again to replace an Air National Guard squadron that had been mobilized for the Korean War and carried out the air defense of the Great Lakes area for the next eight years.

Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army
The Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), originally called the North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), was a military formation of the United States Army that supervised all U.S. Army forces which fought in North Africa and Italy during World War II.

United States Army operations in the theater began with Operation Torch, when Allied forces landed on the beaches of northwest Africa on 8 November 1942, and concluded in the Italian Alps some 31 months later, with the German surrender in Italy on 2 May 1945. For administrative purposes, U.S. components were responsible to Headquarters North African Theater of Operations, United States Army (NATOUSA), which was created 14 February 1943. NATOUSA was redesignated Mediterranean Theater of Operations, United States Army (MTOUSA), on 26 October 1944.
Georgii Logvynskyi
Georgii Logvynskyi (Ukrainian: Гео́ргій Логви́нський; born August 3, 1978) is a member of the Ukrainian Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) of the VIII convocation and chairman of the Interparliamentary Relations Group; vice-president  of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (2017–18); vice-president of the European People's Party in the Council of Europe in 2015-2019, Honoured Lawyer of Ukraine, and human rights activist. He has the diplomatic rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. Doctor of Philosophy in Law (Ph.D.).

Bar association
A bar association is a professional association of lawyers as generally organized in countries following the Anglo-American types of jurisprudence. The word bar is derived from the old English/European custom of using a physical railing (bar) to separate the area in which court or legal profession business is done from the viewing area for the general public or students of the law.

Some bar associations are responsible for the regulation of the legal profession in their jurisdiction; others are professional organizations dedicated to serving their members; in many cases, they are both. In many Commonwealth jurisdictions, the bar association comprises lawyers who are qualified as barristers or advocates in particular, versus solicitors (see bar council). Membership in bar associations may be mandatory (necessary to practice law) or optional (voluntary) for practicing attorneys, depending on jurisdiction.
Mimic (Dungeons & Dragons)
In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, the mimic is a type of fictional monster. It is portrayed as being able to change its shape to disguise its body as an inanimate object, commonly a chest. The mimic uses a powerful adhesive that holds fast to creatures that touch it, allowing the mimic to beat its victims with its powerful pseudopods. The mimic was introduced in the first edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons game's original Monster Manual. The mimic has appeared in subsequent editions. Several variants of the creature have been introduced, with a variety of abilities and sizes.

Alignment (Dungeons & Dragons)
In the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy role-playing game, alignment is a categorization of the ethical and moral perspective of player characters, non-player characters, and creatures.

Most versions of the game feature a system in which players make two choices for characters. One is the character's views on "law" versus "chaos", the other on "good" versus "evil". The two axes, along with "neutral" in the middle, allow for nine alignments in combination. Later editions of D&D have shifted away from tying alignment to specific game mechanics; instead, alignment is used as a roleplaying guide and does not need to be rigidly adhered to by the player. According to Ian Livingstone, alignment is "often criticized as being arbitrary and unreal, but... it works if played well and provides a useful structural framework on which not only characters but governments and worlds can be moulded."
Shan United F.C.
Shan United Football Club (Burmese: ရှမ်းယူနိုက်တက် အသင်း, pronounced [ʃán]) is a professional football club based in Taunggyi, Myanmar, representing the Shan State in the Myanmar National League. It had previously competed as an amateur club under the name Kanbawza, based in Yangon. The club had won 6 league titles (including one unbeaten title), 1 General Aung San Shield, 2 MNL Cups and 3 MFF Charity Cups. The club did not lose a single match in their 2022 season, winning 15 and drawing 3 times.

General Aung San Shield
The General Aung San Shield (formerly the MFF Cup) is the top football knockout tournament in Myanmar.

On 26 March 2014, the MFF league committee decided the knock-out cup (General Aung San Shield) winner would compete in the Mekong Club Championship as well as earning the ticket for the AFC Cup. The tournament is currently sponsored by the Ministry of Defence.
Black River First Nation
Black River First Nation (sometimes Little Black River First Nation; Ojibwe: Makadewaagamijiwanoonsing) is an Ojibwa First Nation located around O'Hanley, Manitoba, along the O'Hanley and Black Rivers, on the eastern shore of Lake Winnipeg.

It is 32 km (20 mi) north of Pine Falls, and around 150 km (93 mi) north of Winnipeg. Though geographically situated in Eastern Manitoba, it is more so administratively a part of Northern Manitoba. Its reserve is called Black River 5 Indian Reserve, which spans 8.093 km2 (2,000 acres) and whose population was 521 as of the 2011 census.

In January 2008, the total registered population of the First Nation was 977, of which the on-reserve population was 701.

The settlement is accessible by an all-weather road (via PR 304) and 4 km of municipal road.

Powerview-Pine Falls
Powerview-Pine Falls is a town in the Canadian province of Manitoba, with a population of 1,314 at the 2011 census, up 1.54% from 1,294 at the 2006 census and down 7.57% from 1,400 during the 2001 census.

The town is an amalgamation of the previous town of Powerview with the previously unincorporated area of Pine Falls, to its west. The town borders the Rural Municipality of Alexander and the Sagkeeng First Nation Indian reserve. Manitoba Highway 11 and Manitoba Provincial Road 304 are the major roads connecting Powerview with other nearby communities.
KOWA Party
KOWA Party (KP) is a political party in Nigeria. KOWA was registered as a political party by the Independent National Electoral Commission on July 16, 2009, by a group of Nigerian Civil Society activists, professionals and technocrats. The current National Chairman of the party is Mr. Saidu Bobboi.

KOWA Party is the first Nigerian political party to adopt online voting, exam writing for candidates in the presidential primary election of the party.

Independent National Electoral Commission (Nigeria)
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the electoral body which oversees elections in Nigeria. It was established in 1998 shortly before Nigeria's transition from military to civilian rule.
Norovyn Altankhuyag
Norovyn Altankhuyag (Mongolian: Норовын Алтанхуяг, IPA: [nɔrɔwíɴ áɬtʰəɴχʊɪq]; born 20 January 1958) is a Mongolian politician who was the 27th Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2012 to 2014. He was elected  five times as member of the State Great Khural, currently he is serving as MP for a second term since 2020. He was elected Chairman of the Democratic Party by the party's National Policy Committee, serving from 2008 to 2014, when he resigned as Prime Minister. He was First Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia in the coalition government of the Mongolian People's Party and Democratic Party from 2008 to 2012.

Previously, he served as the Minister of Agriculture and Industry between 1996 and 2000 and the Minister of Finance from 2004 to 2006. He served as senior advisor to the President of Mongolia, Khaltmaagiin Battulga, from 2017 until his resignation in early 2019.

State Great Khural
The State Great Khural is the unicameral parliament of Mongolia, located in the Government Palace in the capital Ulaanbaatar. Elections to the State Great Khural are held every four years, the latest election was held in June 2024.

The State Great Khural currently consists of 126 seats, 78 of which were elected by multiple non-transferable vote in multi-member constituencies whilst the other 48 were elected by closed list proportional representation. Prior to the 2023 constitutional amendment, the State Great Khural was made up of 76 seats, all elected by plurality block voting.

After the ratification of the 1992 Constitution, which abolished the bicameral People's Great Khural and the State Baga Khural, a unicameral parliament was established and first convened on 20 July 1992.
Perfect ring
In the area of abstract algebra known as ring theory, a left perfect ring is a type of ring over which all left modules have projective covers. The right case is defined by analogy, and the condition is not left-right symmetric; that is, there exist rings which are perfect on one side but not the other. Perfect rings were introduced in Bass's book.

A semiperfect ring is a ring over which every finitely generated left module has a projective cover. This property is left-right symmetric.

Projective module
In mathematics, particularly in algebra, the class of projective modules enlarges the class of free modules (that is, modules with basis vectors) over a ring, keeping some of the main properties of free modules. Various equivalent characterizations of these modules appear below.

Every free module is a projective module, but the converse fails to hold over some rings, such as Dedekind rings that are not principal ideal domains. However, every projective module is a free module if the ring is a principal ideal domain such as the integers, or a (multivariate) polynomial ring over a field (this is the Quillen–Suslin theorem).

Projective modules were first introduced in 1956 in the influential book Homological Algebra by Henri Cartan and Samuel Eilenberg.
Konstantinou
Konstantinou or Constantinou or Kostandinou (Greek: Κωνσταντίνου) is a Greek surname, the genitive form of "Constantine". It is a common name in Greece and Cyprus. Notable people with surname Konstantinou include

Alex Konstantinou (born 1992), Cypriot footballer

Andreas Constantinou (born 1980), Cypriot footballer

Chris Constantinou, English musician

Clay Constantinou (born 1951), American diplomat

Fivos Constantinou (born 1981), Cypriot distance runner

Giorgos Konstantinou (born 1934), Greek actor and director

Konstantinos Konstantinou (cyclist), Greek cyclist

Martha Constantinou, Cypriot-American physicist

Michalis Konstantinou (born 1978), Cypriot footballer

Nik Constantinou (born 1999), Australian-American football player

Stavros Konstantinou (born 1984), Cypriot singer

Tasos Konstantinou (1951–2019), Cypriot footballer, known as "Tasos"

Vasilis Konstantinou (born 1947), Greek footballer

Martha Constantinou
Martha Constantinou is a physicist from Cyprus who works in the US as an associate professor of physics at Temple University. Her research focuses on theoretical and computational nuclear physics, using lattice QCD.
John Bradley (doctor)
John Edward Bradley (21 October 1917 – 22 March 2004) was a Canadian medical doctor and member of the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.

Born in Sarnia, Ontario, Bradley was educated at the University of Alberta and served in the Medical Branch of the Royal Canadian Air Force during the Second World War. He co-founded the Wainwright Medical Clinic, working as a family physician for twenty years, and chaired the Alberta Hospital Services Commission. Bradley was executive director of the Glenrose Provincial Hospital from 1964 to 1972. He also served as special adviser on medical research to Alberta Premier Peter Lougheed. and served as chair emeritus for the board of governors for the University of Alberta. He was awarded an Honorary LL.D. by the University of Alberta in 1972.

He died at the Mount Royal Care Centre in Calgary at the age of 86.

Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital
The Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital is located in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The Glenrose opened in 1964, and offers services to children and adults on an inpatient, outpatient and outreach basis. The hospital offers assessment, treatment, consultation and technology services, as well as education for patients and families through its clinics and services.

In addition to rehabilitation services for all age groups, areas of focus also include mental health and psychiatric services for children and seniors, as well as cardiac rehabilitation for adults. Specialized technology enhances patient care in programs such as the Syncrude Centre for Motion and Balance, Centre for Assistive Technology, Alberta Caregiver College, Cochlear Implant Service, Telehealth, Seating Service, Prosthetics and Orthotics, and Scoliosis Clinic.
L'épreuve villageoise
L’épreuve villageoise  (Trial in a Village) is an opéra bouffon in two acts by André Grétry to a French libretto by Pierre Desforges.

It is a revision of a work called Théodore et Paulin, which was performed once at Versailles on 5 March 1784 but never published.

Opéra bouffon
Opéra bouffon (French pronunciation: [ɔpeʁa bufɔ̃]) is the French term for the Italian genre of opera buffa (comic opera) performed in 18th-century France, either in the original language or in French translation. It was also applied to original French opéras comiques having Italianate or near-farcical plots.

The term was also later used by Jacques Offenbach for five of his operettas (Orphée aux enfers, Le pont des soupirs, Geneviève de Brabant, Le roman comique and Le voyage de MM. Dunanan père et fils), and is sometimes confused with  the French opéra comique and opéra bouffe.
Albert Beliveau
Albert Beliveau (March 27, 1887 – October 23, 1971) of Rumford, Maine was a justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from March 3, 1954, to March 25, 1958. He was a Roman Catholic, and his son was Severin Beliveau.

Rumford, Maine
Rumford is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. The population was 5,858 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Rumford is home to both ND Paper Inc's Rumford Mill and the Black Mountain of Maine ski resort.
I Wanna Be Loved by You
"I Wanna Be Loved by You" is a song written by Herbert Stothart and Harry Ruby, with lyrics by Bert Kalmar, for the 1928 musical Good Boy.  It was first performed  on September 5, 1928, by Helen Kane, who was the inspiration for the cartoon character Betty Boop. "I Wanna Be Loved by You" was chosen as one of the Songs of the Century in a survey by the RIAA to which 200 people responded (out of 1300 asked). One of Marilyn Monroe's most famous musical performances is her singing the song in Billy Wilder's classic 1959 farce Some Like It Hot.

The original lyrics and music of the song entered the public domain in the United States in 2024.

Farce
Farce is a form of comedy that relies on exaggerated, improbable, or ridiculous situations to entertain an audience. It is typically marked by physical humor, absurdity, satire or parody, improbable scenarios, misunderstandings, and broadly stylized characters and performances.
Harris v. Reed
Harris v. Reed, 489 U.S. 255 (1989), is a 1989 United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that the plain statement rule of Michigan v. Long applies to federal habeas proceedings originating from state court judgments. This rule prohibits federal courts from reviewing questions of federal law in state court decisions if the state court opinion contains a "plain statement" that its decision is based on an "adequate and independent state ground".

Clear statement rule
In American law, the clear statement rule is a guideline for statutory construction, instructing courts to not interpret a statute in a way that will have particular consequences unless the statute makes unmistakably clear its intent to achieve that result. According to law professor William Popkin, such rules "insist that a particular result can be achieved only if the text ... says so in no uncertain terms."
Yves A. Lussier
Yves A. Lussier is a physician-scientist conducting research in Precision medicine,  Translational bioinformatics and Personal Genomics. As a co-founder of Purkinje, he pioneered the commercial use of controlled medical vocabulary organized as directed semantic networks in electronic medical records, as well as Pen computing for clinicians.

Pen computing
Pen computing refers to any computer user-interface using a digital pen or stylus and tablet, over input devices such as a keyboard or a mouse.

Historically, pen computing (defined as a computer system employing a user-interface using a pointing device plus handwriting recognition as the primary means for interactive user input) predates the use of a mouse and graphical display by at least two decades, starting with the Stylator and RAND Tablet  systems of the 1950s and early 1960s.
Indian Ridge (Alberta)
Indian Ridge is a 2,820-metre (9,252 ft) mountain located in Jasper National Park, in the Trident Range of the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The summit is unofficially called Indian Peak. The town of Jasper is situated 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the north-northeast, The Whistlers lies 2.55 kilometres (1.58 mi) to the northeast, and Muhigan Mountain is 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) to the west-northwest. The nearest higher peak is Manx Peak, 4.3 km (2.7 mi) to the southwest, and Terminal Mountain lies 3.25 km (2.02 mi) to the south. The Marmot Basin alpine ski area on Marmot Mountain is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the southeast. The peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down from the Precambrian to the Jurassic periods and pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

Marmot Basin
Marmot Basin is an alpine ski area located on Marmot Mountain in Alberta's Jasper National Park. It has 91 named runs on four mountain faces with 3,000 vertical feet of drop. The area has a lift capacity of close to 12,000 skiers per hour on seven lifts. The season runs from mid-November to early May. It is located twenty minutes south of Jasper and has two million visitors annually.
Siege of Ankara
The siege of Ankara was an inconclusive siege of Ankara by Timur.

From Sivas, Timur's army marched to Ankara in twelve days.
The lead contingents of Timur's army encountered a force led by Yakub Bey and defeated them. Timur arrived later with the main force.

The Ottoman sultan, Bayezid, informed of Timur's invasion, raised his siege of Constantinople and forced marched his army toward Ankara.

Upon hearing Bayezid's army was nine miles away, Timur, whose temporary siege had consisted of diverting the city's water supply and undermining the city walls, quickly moved his army into defensive positions behind a ditch. It was from this defensive position Timur waited for Bayezid to attack.

Bayezid I
Bayezid I (Ottoman Turkish: بايزيد اول; Turkish: I. Bayezid), also known as Bayezid the Thunderbolt (Ottoman Turkish: یلدیرم بايزيد; Turkish: Yıldırım Bayezid; c. 1360 – 8 March 1403), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. He adopted the title of Sultan-i Rûm, Rûm being the Arabic name for the Eastern Roman Empire. In 1394, Bayezid unsuccessfully besieged Constantinople. Bayezid vanquished all the Beyliks and proceeded to conquer and vassalize the entirety of Anatolia. In 1402, he once more besieged Constantinople, appearing to find success, but he ultimately withdrew due to the invasion of the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur. He defeated the crusaders at the Battle of Nicopolis in what is now Bulgaria in 1396. He was later defeated and captured by Timur at the Battle of Ankara in 1402 and died in captivity in March 1403, which triggered the Ottoman Interregnum between his sons.