hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Center for Adoption Policy
The Center for Adoption Policy (CAP) is a New York based 501(c)(3) organization. Its mission is to provide research, analysis, advice and education to practitioners and the public about current legislation and practices governing domestic and inter-country adoption in the United States, Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa. CAP is an independent entity. It is not affiliated with any agency or entity involved in the placement of children.

Adoption
Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the adoptive parents.

Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities without an accompanying transfer of filiation). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive statutes and regulations.
Turtles Forever
Turtles Forever is a 2009 American animated superhero film that is a crossover between the 2003 animated television series and 1987 television series incarnations of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles franchise. The plot follows the two sets of Turtles as they save the multiverse from the wrath of Ch'Rell, the Utrom Shredder of the 2003 television series. Directed by Roy Burdine and Lloyd Goldfine and written by Goldfine, Rob David, and Matthew Drdek, it was produced in celebration of the 25th anniversary of the characters while also serving as the finale to the 2003 television series.

Turtles Forever premiered on The CW4Kids in the United States on November 21, 2009. The film received generally positive reviews from fans and critics.

Superhero film
The superhero film is a film genre categorized by the presence of superhero characters, individuals with extraordinary abilities who are dedicated to fighting crime, saving the world, or helping the innocent. It is sometimes considered a sub-genre of the action film genre and has evolved into one of the most financially successful film genres worldwide. These films focus on superhuman abilities, advanced technology, mystical phenomena, or exceptional physical and mental skills that enable these heroes to fight for the common good or defeat a supervillain antagonist.

Superhero films typically include genre elements of romance, comedy, fantasy, and science fiction, with large instances of the superhero genre predominantly occupied and produced by American media franchises DC and Marvel, originally adaptations of their existing works of superhero comic books. Individual superhero films frequently contain a character's origin story.
Upcher
Upcher is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Henry Morris Upcher (1839–1921), English naturalist and ornithologist

James Hay Upcher (1854–1931), English-born clergyman

Russell Upcher (1844–1937), British military officer

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
Bapora
Bapora is a village in the Bhiwani district of the Indian state of Haryana. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) west of the district headquarters town of Bhiwani. As of the 2011 Census of India, the village had 1,657 households with a total population of 34,332 of which 17,651 were male and 16,681 female. The major population of area is Rajput.

Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Param Vishisht Seva Medal (PVSM) (IAST: Parama Viśiṣṭa Sēvā, lit. 'Supreme Distinguished Service Medal') is a military award of India. It is the highest peacetime medal of the Indian Armed Forces, and is awarded for "distinguished service of the most exceptional order." The medal is awarded for "distinguished service rendered by personnel of the Armed Forces."

All ranks of the Armed Forces, including Territorial Army, Auxiliary and Reserve forces, Nursing officers and other members of the Nursing services and other lawfully constituted Armed Forces are eligible for the medal, which may be awarded multiple times as well as posthumously.
Neckarsulm
Neckarsulm (German pronunciation: [nɛkaʁˈzʊlm] ⓘ) is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, near Heilbronn, and part of the district of Heilbronn. As of 2016, Neckarsulm had 26,800 inhabitants. The name Neckarsulm derives from the city's location where the Neckar and Sulm rivers meet.

Neckarsulm is known for its renewable energy projects and wine. The Weingärtnergenossenschaft Neckarsulm-Gundelsheim (winegrower's cooperative of Neckarsulm and Gundelsheim) is the oldest winegrower's collective in Germany. The wine Trollinger and Lemberger are the principal varieties of grape grown in this region. The Schwarz Gruppe (Schwarz Group) who leads both companies Lidl and Kaufland has its headquarters in Neckarsulm.

Neckarsulm was first mentioned in a document in 771 and was granted city status around 1300. The city celebrated its 1250th birthday in 2021.

Heilbronn (district)
Landkreis Heilbronn (German pronunciation: [haɪlˈbʁɔn] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Neckar-Odenwald, Hohenlohe, Schwäbisch Hall, Rems-Murr, Ludwigsburg, Enz, Karlsruhe and Rhein-Neckar. In the centre of it is the free-city of Heilbronn, which is its own separate administrative area.
Rana Muhammad Hayat
Rana Muhammad Hayat Khan (Urdu: رانا محمد حیات خان; born 24 December 1950) is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served in this position from June 2013 to May 2018.

Sardar Asif Nakai
Sardar Muhammad Asif Nakai is a Pakistani politician who was Provincial Minister of Punjab for Communication and Works, in office from 27 August 2018 till April 2022. He had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from August 2018 till January 2023.

Previously he was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from 2008 to 2018 and a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2002 to 2007.
Dustin Ferguson
Dustin Ferguson is an American underground filmmaker from Murrieta, California. He has directed numerous music videos and more than 150 horror films since 2007, including The Amityville Legacy and Spider Baby, or The Maddest Story Ever Told.

Ferguson writes, directs and edits his own films and is known for his prolific output, releasing several feature films each year as well as for making mockbusters and sequels.

Underground film
An underground film is a film that is out of the mainstream either in its style, genre or financing.

Notable examples include
John Waters' Pink Flamingos,
David Lynch's Eraserhead, 
Andy Warhol's Blue Movie,
Rosa von Praunheim's Tally Brown, New York,
Frank Henenlotter's Basket Case,
Nikos Nikolaidis' Singapore Sling, 
Rinse Dreams' Café Flesh, and
Jörg Buttgereit's Nekromantik.
George Seage
George Richard Seage III (March 11, 1957 – January 2, 2021) was an American epidemiologist and a professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Director of the school's Program in the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases. Seage specialized in HIV/AIDS research with a focus on “the behavioural and biological aspects of adult and pediatric HIV transmission, natural history and treatment.” At the Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH), Seage was an Adjunct Associate Professor of Epidemiology in the Department of Epidemiology, Director of the Interdisciplinary Concentration in the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, and Director of the Pediatric AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS) data and analysis center.

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school at Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. It was named after Hong Kong entrepreneur Chan Tseng-hsi in 2014 following a US$350 million donation, the largest in Harvard's history at the time.

The school grew out of the Harvard–MIT School for Health Officers, the country's first graduate training program in population health, which was founded in 1913 and became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922.
John Warrington (cricketer)
John William Warrington (2 November 1948 – 4 November 2022) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Auckland and Northern Districts between 1973 and 1976.

Warrington also played football for Birmingham City, Worcester City and Banbury United.

Worcester City F.C.
Worcester City Football Club is an English football club based in Worcester, Worcestershire. The club play in the Southern Football League Premier Division Central, the seventh tier of English football. Established in 1902, the club play at Sixways Stadium.

Worcester City's most notable successes include an FA Cup first round victory against Coventry City and a third round win, in the same competition, against Liverpool.
Mohammad Panah
General Mohammad Panah was an Afghan military commander who was loyal to Ahmad Shah Massoud. Panah was famous for successfully fighting Soviet incursions in the Panjsher Valley and other northern areas of Afghanistan. Following the withdrawal of USSR forces from Afghanistan and the subsequent collapse of the Communist regime in Kabul, Panah fought Hezb-e-islami and the Taliban. He was killed in Paghman District during a Taliban offensive in Kabul.

Panjshir Valley
The Panjshir Valley (Dari: درهٔ پنجشير, Dara-i-Panjsher, literally "Valley of the Five Lions"), also spelled Panjsher, is a valley in northeastern Afghanistan, 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Kabul, near the Hindu Kush mountain range. It is divided by the Panjshir River. The valley is home to more than 100,000 people, including Afghanistan's largest concentration of ethnic Tajiks as of 1997. In April 2004, it became the heart of the new Panjshir Province, having previously been part of Parwan Province. Politically, this province has been considered the start point of Afghanistan's Jihad period against the Soviets. This province is also the birthplace of Afghanistan's national hero, Ahmad Shah Massoud.
Triflumuron
Triflumuron is the active ingredient in some IGRs (insect growth regulators). An aromatic ether, organofluorine compound from the benzoylurea class and a member of monochlorobenzenes.

Triflumuron is banned in the European Union.

Ether
In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether group, a single oxygen atom bonded to two separate carbon atoms, each part of an organyl group (e.g., alkyl or aryl). They have the general formula R−O−R′, where R and R′ represent the organyl groups. Ethers can again be classified into two varieties: if the organyl groups are the same on both sides of the oxygen atom, then it is a simple or symmetrical ether, whereas if they are different, the ethers are called mixed or unsymmetrical ethers. A typical example of the first group is the solvent and anaesthetic diethyl ether, commonly referred to simply as "ether" (CH3−CH2−O−CH2−CH3). Ethers are common in organic chemistry and even more prevalent in biochemistry, as they are common linkages in carbohydrates and lignin.
Sylvania (McCormick County, South Carolina)
Sylvania in McCormick County, South Carolina, near Bradley, South Carolina, was built in 1825. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

The house is thought to have been built in 1825 by John Hearst, the great-uncle of William Randolph Hearst. John Hearst died in 1847, and James H. Wideman acquired the property. Frank Wideman, Sr., owner of the property during the 20th Century, was appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt as Assistant U.S. Attorney General in charge of the Justice Department Tax Division.  Frank Wideman Jr., worked to restore the house between 1969 and 1971. It is a one-and-one-half story white clapboard building in the Federal style set on a low brick foundation and has fine Regency details in the interior and faux finishes. Current owners Jay and Kim Dowd III purchased Sylvania from the Wideman Family in 2020 after five generations of family ownership with a commitment to preservation and stewardship of this SC historical landmark.

McCormick County, South Carolina
McCormick County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,526, making it the second-least populous county in South Carolina. Its county seat is McCormick. The county was formed in 1916 from parts of Edgefield, Abbeville, and Greenwood counties.
Silicon X-tal Reflective Display
SXRD (Silicon X-tal Reflective Display) is Sony's proprietary variant of liquid crystal on silicon, a technology used mainly in projection televisions and video projectors.

In the front and rear-projection television market, it competes directly with JVC's D-ILA and Texas Instruments' DLP.

Sony has discontinued the production of all of its rear-projection televisions, including those that used SXRD display chips, in favor of flat-panel sets utilizing LCD and OLED displays. Sony has now concentrated SXRD on HD home front-projectors and next generation 4K digital theater projection.

4K resolution
4K resolution is a horizontal display resolution of approximately 4,000 pixels. For digital cinematography, it is 3996 × 2160 (DCI 4K), typically with a 16.65:9 (1.85:1) aspect ratio; for digital television, it is 3840 × 2160 (4K UHD), typically with a 16:9 (1.78:1) aspect ratio.

The 4K television market share increased as prices fell dramatically throughout 2013 and 2014.
Sky Studios
Sky Studios is a production company founded by Sky in June 2019 with assets from the now defunct Sky Vision. It develops, produces and funds original drama, comedy and documentary, and has investments in a number of production businesses in the UK and US: Love Productions (wholly owned), Blast Films!, Sugar Films, True North Productions, Chrysalis Vision, True to Nature, Longboat Pictures and The Lighthouse in the United Kingdom; Jupiter Entertainment, Talos Films, Znak & Co. and Catalina Content in the United States.

As part of the launch of Sky Studios, the broadcaster also announced that they would double their spend on original productions to over $1.3 billion over the next five years.

In September 2019, Sky Studios announced they were launching a US-arm called The Hive, based in New York and Tennessee, utilising expertise from Jupiter Entertainment. In December 2021, Sky Studios sold their minority stake in Bad Wolf to Sony Pictures Television.

Wendy Darke
Wendy Darke is a British television producer and marine biologist, and the former head of the Natural History Unit (NHU) at the BBC. She was the first woman to head the division in its then-56 year history.
Vivas
Vivas is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Achito Vivas (born 1934), Colombian footballer

Anaís Vivas (born 1989), Venezuelan singer

Ángel Vivas (born 1956), Venezuelan general

Borja Vivas (born 1984), Spanish shot putter

César Pérez Vivas (born 1957), Venezuelan lawyer and politician

Claudio Vivas (born 1968), Argentine football manager and former goalkeeper

Darío Vivas (1950–2020), Venezuelan politician

Eliseo Vivas (1901-1991), Columbian-American philosopher and literary theorist

Félix Saurí Vivas, Puerto Rican businessman

Francisco Morales Vivas (born 1971), Argentine retired judoka

Gonzalo Vivas (born 1993), Argentine footballer

José Vivas (born 1928), Venezuelan architect

Kathy Vivas (born 1972), Venezuelan astrophysicist

Lindy Vivas, American volleyball player and coach

Mayco Vivas (born 1998), Argentine rugby union player

Nelson Vivas (born 1969), Argentine footballer

Eliseo Vivas
Eliseo Vivas (July 13, 1901 – August 28, 1991)  was a 20th-century philosopher and literary theorist.

As a child, his family fled Colombia in response to the presidency of Cipriano Castro. They went to Curacao, then Paris, then, in 1915, to New York City. Vivas served as the Venezuelan consul in Philadelphia, then turned to academia studying or teaching at, among other schools, the University of Wisconsin, the University of Chicago, Ohio State University, Northwestern University, Rockford College, and the University of Iowa.

Vivas's philosophy was essentially conservative, and he relied on poetry as metaphysics while abandoning naturalism. He arrived at his conclusions after trying on many schools, "from Marxism to conservatism, and from naturalism to value realism."

His papers are collected by Northwestern University.
Parens occi
Parens occi is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Michael Fibiger and Vladimir S. Kononenko in 2008. It is known from the southern part of the Russian Far East to central, eastern and northeastern China, North Korea, South Korea, and Jeju Island. In Japan, it is known from the Tsushima Islands in the Korean Strait and Honshu.

Adults are on wing from mid-July to mid-August.

The wingspan is 9–12 mm.

Zootaxa
Zootaxa is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week. From 2001 to 2020, more than 60,000 new species have been described in the journal accounting for around 25% of all new taxa indexed in The Zoological Record in the last few years. Print and online versions are available.
Huiva
Huiva (Ukrainian: Гуйва) may stand for:

Huiva (urban-type settlement), a town (urban-type settlement) in Zhytomyr Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine;

Huiva (river), a river in Zhytomyr Oblast of Ukraine.

Huiva (river)
The Huiva (Ukrainian: Гуйва; Russian: Гуйва, romanized: Guyva) is a river of northern Ukraine, flowing through the territory of Khmilnyk Raion of Vinnytsia Oblast and Berdychiv Raion and Zhytomyr Raion of Zhytomyr Oblast. It is a right tributary of the Teteriv.

The river has a length of 97 km and basin area of 1505 km ². The Huiva flows through the cities of Koziatyn and Andrushivka.

The biggest tributaries are: Pustoha, Kodenka.
1908 All England Badminton Championships
The 1908 All England Open Badminton Championships was a badminton tournament held at the London Rifle Brigade HQ, Islington, London, England, from March 3 to March 7, 1908.

Meriel Lucas won her fourth women's singles title and Henry Norman Marrett won his third men's singles title, the former reverted to a first to 11 points game format. Lucas also won her seventh women's doubles crown and second with G. L. Murray and she also won her first mixed doubles title partnering Norman Wood.

In the men's doubles F. Warner was listed as playing, it is believed to be Frank Abbatt playing under his middle name. This started the unusual occurrence of other players playing under assumed names in future years. The reason for this happening or being allowed is unknown.

Henry Norman Marrett
Henry Norman Marrett (born 15 December 1879 in Umballa) was a male badminton and tennis player from England.

Marrett won the All England Open Badminton Championships, considered the unofficial World Badminton Championships, in men's singles in 1904, 1905 and 1908.

Marrett also played tennis he competed at the 1904 Wimbledon Championships where he reached the second round before losing to Arthur Gore. He won two career singles titles at the Kent Coast Championships in 1903 held in Hythe, and the Essex Championships in 1920 held in .

He married fellow badminton player Florence Lannowe.
Broadcast law
Broadcast law is the field of law that pertains to broadcasting. These laws and regulations pertain to radio stations and TV stations, and are also considered to include closely related services like cable TV and cable radio, as well as satellite TV and satellite radio. Likewise, it also extends to broadcast networks.

Broadcast law includes technical parameters for these facilities, as well as content issues like copyright, profanity, and localism or regionalism.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Anik (satellite)
The Anik satellites are a series of geostationary communications satellites launched for Telesat Canada for television, voice and data in Canada and other parts of the world, from 1972 through 2013. Some of the later satellites in the series remain operational in orbit, while others have been retired to a graveyard orbit. The naming of the satellite was determined by a national contest, and was won by Julie-Frances Czapla of Saint-Léonard, Québec. In Inuktitut, Anik means "brother".

Footprint (satellite)
The footprint of a communications satellite is the ground area that its transponders offer coverage, and determines the satellite dish diameter required to receive each transponder's signal. There is usually a different map for each transponder (or group of transponders), as each may be aimed to cover different areas.

Footprint maps usually show either the estimated minimum satellite dish diameter required or the signal strength in each area measured in dBW.
Wisemans Ferry, New South Wales
Wisemans Ferry is a town on the northern outskirts of Sydney and the south-west of the Central Coast region in the state of New South Wales, Australia, located 75 kilometres north north-west of Sydney. It is located in the Sydney local government areas of the Hornsby Shire, The Hills Shire, City of Hawkesbury and the Central Coast Council.
The town is a tourist spot with picnic and barbecue facilities. As well as a rich convict and colonial heritage in the area, the Dharug National Park and Yengo National Park are close by.

Yengo National Park
The Yengo National Park is a protected national park that is located in the Lower Hunter region of New South Wales, in eastern Australia. The 154,328-hectare (381,350-acre) park is situated 213 kilometres (132 mi) northwest of Sydney, 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Cessnock, 121 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Gosford, and 91 kilometres (57 mi) southwest of Newcastle. The average elevation of the terrain is 309 metres.

The Yengo National Park is one of the eight protected areas that, in 2000, was inscribed to form part of the UNESCO World Heritage–listed Greater Blue Mountains Area. The Yengo National Park is the most north–easterly of the eight protected areas within the World Heritage Site. The national park forms part of the Great Dividing Range.