hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gippsland Province
Gippsland Province was an electorate of the Victorian Legislative Council 
from November 1882 until 2006. It was based in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia.

Gippsland Province was created in the redistribution of provinces in 1882 when the Central and Eastern Provinces were abolished. The new Gippsland, North Central, South Yarra, North Yarra, South Eastern and Melbourne Provinces were then created.

Gippsland province was defined in The Legislative Council Act 1881 and consisted of the divisions of Buln Buln, Narracan and Traralgon, Alberton, Rosedale, Maffra, Avon, Bairnsdale, Omeo, Towong, Yackandandah, Wodonga, Wood's Point, Walhalla and Sale.

Gippsland Province was abolished from the 2006 state election in the wake of the Bracks Labor government's reform of the Legislative Council. The Eastern Victoria Region now covers much of the area of the old Gippsland Province.

Eastern Victoria Region
Eastern Victoria Region is one of the eight electoral regions of Victoria, Australia, which elects five members to the Victorian Legislative Council (also referred to as the upper house) by proportional representation. The region was created in 2006 following the 2005 reform of the Victorian Legislative Council.

The region comprises the Legislative Assembly districts of Bass, Evelyn, Gippsland East, Gippsland South, Hastings, Monbulk, Mornington, Morwell, Narracan, Nepean and Pakenham.
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon.  It is a colorless oily liquid with a chloroform-like odor.  It is not easily soluble in water, but miscible with most organic solvents.

Large volumes of 1,1-dichloroethane are manufactured, with annual production exceeding 1 million pounds in the United States. It is mainly used as a feedstock in chemical synthesis, chiefly of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. It is also used as a solvent for plastics, oils and fats, as a degreaser, as a fumigant in insecticide sprays, in halon fire extinguishers, and in cementing of rubber. It is used in manufacturing of high-vacuum resistant rubber and for extraction of temperature-sensitive substances.  Thermal cracking at 400–500 °C and 10 MPa yields vinyl chloride.  In the past, 1,1-dichloroethane was used as a surgical inhalational anesthetic.

Parts cleaning
Parts cleaning is essential in many industrial processes, as a prelude to surface finishing or to protect sensitive components. Electroplating is particularly sensitive to part cleanliness, since molecular layers of oil can prevent the coating adhesion.

Cleaning processes include solvent cleaning, hot alkaline detergent cleaning, electro-cleaning, and acid etch. The most common industrial tests for cleanliness of machinery is the water-break test, in which the surface is thoroughly rinsed and vertically held. A quantitative measurement for this parameter is the contact angle. Hydrophobic contaminants such as oils cause the water to bead and break up, allowing the water to drain rapidly. Perfectly clean metal surfaces are hydrophilic and will keep an unbroken sheet of water that does not bead up or drain off.
Vladimir Rikkonen
Vladimir Rikkonen (Russian name: Владимир Рикконен; born 25 October 1943) is a Soviet rower from Russia.

Rikkonen was born in Vologda, Russian SFSR in 1943. At the 1966 World Rowing Championships in Bled, he won silver with the men's eight. At the 1967 European Rowing Championships in Vichy, he won silver with the men's eight. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City with the men's coxless pair where they qualified for the small final but did not start. At the 1973 European Rowing Championships in Moscow, he won a bronze medal with the men's eight.

1966 World Rowing Championships
The 1966 World Rowing Championships was the second time that world championships in rowing were held. The regatta was held from 8 to 11 September at Lake Bled in Bled, Slovenia, Yugoslavia. There were 613 rowers from 32 countries who competed  in the seven Olympic boat classes. Marketing and advertising for the event were handled by Cesar Lüthi.

The Australian Rowing History website has the following commentary: "The superbly organized regatta was held on the magnificent lake at Bled: a fitting setting for the second world championships." Prior to the 4th World Rowing Championships in 1974, only men competed.
Postplatyptilia huigraica
Postplatyptilia huigraica is a moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is known from Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador (including the Galápagos Islands), Peru and Venezuela.

The wingspan is 14–15 mm. Adults are on wing in February, June, August, and from October to December. The caterpillars feed on two species of Cantinoa: Cantinoa mutabilis (synonym Hyptis mutabilis) and Cantinoa americana (syn. Hyptis spicigera) in the Lamiaceae.

Pterophoridae
The Pterophoridae or plume moths are a family of Lepidoptera with unusually modified wings, giving them the shape of a narrow winged airplane. Though they belong to the Apoditrysia like the larger moths and the butterflies, unlike these they are tiny and were formerly included among the assemblage called "microlepidoptera".
Japanese invasion of Burma
The Japanese invasion of Burma, referred to by the BIA in 1941 as the fourth Anglo-Burmese war or the war of Burmese Independence, was a series of battles fought in the British colony of Burma (present-day Myanmar) as part of the Pacific theater of World War II. The initial invasion in 1942 resulted in the capture of Rangoon and the retreat of British, Indian, and Chinese forces. The invasion had the support of the Burma Independence Army (BIA), which fought in view of decolonization. However, Japan installed a puppet state in Burma, which lost the support of the Burmese people.

After the invasion, from 1942 to 1945, the Allies and Japan engaged in a protracted struggle for control of the region, marked by fierce fighting in challenging terrain. The Burma campaign was strategically significant, as it was linked to the war in China and the supply routes to the Chinese Nationalists. The eventual Allied victory in 1945 played a crucial role in the overall defeat of Japan.

Lashio
Lashio (Burmese: လားရှိုးမြို့, MLCTS: la: hrui: mrui. [láʃó mjo̰]; Shan: ဝဵင်းလႃႈသဵဝ်ႈ [weŋ˥ laː˧˧˨ sʰeu˧˧˨]) is the largest city and the capital of northern Shan State, Myanmar, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) north-east of Mandalay. It is situated on a low mountain spur overlooking the valley of the Yaw River. Loi Leng, the highest mountain of the Shan Hills, is located 45 km (28 mi) to the south-east of Lashio.

Lashio is the administrative center of Lashio Township and Lashio District; before April 2010, it was also the administrative center of Shan State (North). The population grew from approximately 5000 in 1960 to 88,590 in 1983. It was estimated at approximately 131,000 in 2009. The city was captured by rebel forces in early August 2024 before being retaken by the State Administration Council in April 2025 following a major earthquake which impacted much of Myanmar.

The population is made up of mostly Shan, Chinese and Bamars.
International Business Machines Corp. v. Papermaster
In 2008, Mark Papermaster, IBM's Vice President of the Blade Development Unit, became the subject of a notable trade secret misappropriation and non-compete clause case when he announced a plan to move to Apple as Senior Vice President of Devices Hardware Engineering. On October 22, 2008, IBM filed a complaint against Papermaster claiming breach of contract and misappropriation of trade secrets. They sought a preliminary injunction to prevent Papermaster from working at Apple, claiming his employment violated non-competition agreement.

Breach of contract
Breach of contract is a legal cause of action and a type of civil wrong, in which a binding agreement or bargained-for exchange is not honored by one or more of the parties to the contract by non-performance or interference with the other party's performance. Breach occurs when a party to a contract fails to fulfill its obligation(s), whether partially or wholly, as described in the contract, or communicates an intent to fail the obligation or otherwise appears not to be able to perform its obligation under the contract. Where there is breach of contract, the resulting damages have to be paid to the aggrieved party by the party breaching the contract.

If a contract is rescinded, parties are legally allowed to undo the work unless doing so would directly charge the other party at that exact time.
Ismaël Nuino
Ismaël Nuino (born 1 November 2000) is a Belgian politician of Les Engagés. Since 2024, he has been a member of the Chamber of Representatives. He succeeded Élisabeth Degryse and became the youngest member of the chamber. Since 2022, he has served as leader of Les Engagés' youth wing Génération Engagée.

Baby of the House
Baby of the House is the unofficial title given to the youngest member of a parliamentary house. The term is most often applied to members of the British parliament, from which the term originated. The title is named after the Father of the House, which is given to the longest-serving member of the British and other parliaments.
2018 Croatia Open Umag – Doubles
Guillermo Durán and Andrés Molteni were the defending champions, but Durán chose not to participate and Molteni chose to compete in Båstad instead.

Robin Haase and Matwé Middelkoop won the title, defeating Roman Jebavý and Jiří Veselý in the final, 6–4, 6–4.

Roman Jebavý
Roman Jebavý (born 16 November 1989) is a Czech former professional tennis player. He is a doubles specialist who has won four ATP Tour doubles titles. He reached a career-high ranking in doubles of World No. 43 on 4 March 2019.
Mamiya 645
The Mamiya 645 camera systems are a series of medium format film and digital cameras and lenses manufactured by Mamiya and its successors. They are called "645" because they use the nominal 6 cm x 4.5 cm film size from 120 roll film.  They came in three major generations: first-generation manual-focus film cameras, second-generation manual-focus film cameras, and autofocus film/digital cameras.

Apochromat
An apochromat, or apochromatic lens (apo), is a photographic or other lens that has better correction of chromatic and spherical aberration than the much more common achromat lenses.

The prefix apo- comes from the Greek preposition ἀπό-, meaning free from or away from.
Novorossiysk Chimes
Novorossiysk Chimes (also known as The Flame of Eternal Glory or The Fire of Eternal Glory), Op. 111b, was written by Dmitri Shostakovich in 1960 for the war memorial in the city of Novorossiysk.  The piece consists, mainly, of material Shostakovich had originally written in 1943 as an entry in a contest to compose a new national anthem for the U.S.S.R.

Novorossiysk Chimes has been playing nonstop at Heroes Square in Novorossiysk since its opening on September 27, 1960.  The song's opening phrases have also been used as introductory music for Moscow Radio's late-night news program CKACWH.

Radio Moscow
Radio Moscow (Russian: Pадио Москва, romanized: Radio Moskva), also known as Radio Moscow World Service, was the official international broadcasting station of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics until 1993, when it was reorganized into Voice of Russia, which was subsequently reorganized and renamed into Radio Sputnik in 2014. At its peak, Radio Moscow broadcast in over 70 languages using transmitters in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and Cuba.

Radio Moscow's interval signal was "Wide Is My Motherland" (Russian: Широка страна моя родная, romanized: Shiroka strana moya rodnaya). Moscow Nights was the station's signature tune since its relaunch as the Radio Moscow World Service in 1978.
Cheetham Wetlands
The Cheetham Wetlands are 420 hectares of artificial and natural lagoons, created on old salt works land on the western shores of Port Phillip Bay, Australia. The wetlands are approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Melbourne, and sit within the Municipal Councils of Hobsons Bay and Wyndham City.

The wetlands are part of the Point Cook Coastal Park and are crown land for conservation purposes. The area is currently managed by the Department of Sustainability & Environment and Melbourne Water, with Parks Victoria informally managing the area to the north of the wetlands. They are protected under the Ramsar Convention.

Crown land
Crown land, also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it. Today, in Commonwealth realms, Crown land is considered public land and is not part of the monarch's private estate.
WWWL
WWWL (1350 AM, "The Bet New Orleans") is a commercial radio station in New Orleans, Louisiana. Owned by Audacy, Inc., it broadcasts a sports gambling format. The station's studios are located at the 400 Poydras Tower in Downtown New Orleans. Its transmitter site is in Algiers, near the city limits of Gretna and Terrytown. The station operates at 5,000 watts during the day and 480 watts at night, using a non-directional antenna. The station is simulcast on FM translator station W225CZ (92.9 FM).

Tom Fitzmorris
Thomas Gerard Fitzmorris (February 6, 1951 – February 12, 2025) was an American food critic, radio host and author from New Orleans. He was a Certified Culinary Professional by the IACP.  He began publishing a newsletter, The New Orleans MENU, in 1977, and it continued at his website, NOmenu.com. He broadcast daily on 990 AM in New Orleans, the show aired weekdays from 2 pm to 4 pm CDT. "The Food Show" had broadcast continuously since 1975. In 2005, he helped local restaurants recover from Hurricane Katrina.

Fitzmorris died at a hospital in New Orleans of complications from Alzheimer's disease on February 12, 2025, at the age of 74.
USS Haddock (SS-231)
USS Haddock (SS-231), a Gato-class submarine, was the second submarine of the United States Navy to be named for the haddock, a small edible Atlantic fish related to the cod. A previous submarine had been named Haddock (SS-32), but was renamed K-1 prior to her launching, so Haddock (SS-231) was the first to actually bear the name.

USS K-1 (SS-32)
USS Haddock/K-1 (SS-32), also known as "Submarine No. 32", was the lead ship of her class of submarine of the United States Navy (USN). Originally named Haddock, she was the first ship in the USN named for the haddock, though she was renamed K-1 prior to being laid down. She patrolled off the Azores, during World War I.
Eedu Gold Ehe
Eedu Gold Ehe is a 2016 Telugu comedy thriller film directed by Veeru Potla starring Sunil, Sushma Raj, and Richa Panai in lead roles. It was produced by Ramabrahmam Sunkara, under AK Entertainments, while Mahati Swara Sagar scored the music. The movie was based on Jewel Thief.

Veeru Potla
Veeru Potla is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works primarily in Telugu cinema. He is known for directing film such as Bindaas and Ragada and  writing story for Varsham and Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana.
Kafarna
Kafarna (Arabic: كفرنه)  is a Syrian village located in Salqin Nahiyah in Harem District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kafarna had a population of 266 in the 2004 census.

Idlib Governorate
Idlib Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة ادلب, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Idlib) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay province to the north, Aleppo Governorate to the east, Hama Governorate to the south, and Latakia Governorate to the west. Reports of its area vary, depending on the source, from 5,933 square kilometres (2,291 sq mi)2 to 6,097 square kilometres (2,354 sq mi)2. The provincial capital is Idlib.
Terminix
Terminix International Company, L.P. is the largest pest control company in the world, operating in 47 states in the United States and 70+ countries around the world. It is a subsidiary of UK-based Rentokil Initial.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
Miodrag Petković
Miodrag S. Petković (born 10 February 1948 in Niš, Serbia in the former Yugoslavia) is a mathematician and computer scientist. In 1991 he became a full professor of mathematics at the Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University of Niš in Serbia.

University of Niš
The University of Niš (Serbian: Универзитет у Нишу, romanized: Univerzitet u Nišu) is a public university in Serbia. It was founded in 1965. As of 2023–24 academic year, it consists of 13 faculties with 1,513 academic staff and 22,000 students.

It has a university library "Nikola Tesla"; the Faculty of Technology is located in Leskovac, Pedagogy Faculty in Vranje and Agriculture Faculty in Kruševac.
Abdullahi Idris Garba
Hon. Abdullahi Idris Garba (born 6 September 1975) is a Nigerian politician.  He is a member of the Federal House of Representatives (Nigeria), representing Kontagora/Wushishi/Mariga/Mashegu Federal Constituency.

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Swirl (organization)
Swirl is an American anti-racist grassroots organization, incorporated in 2000, that serves the mixed heritage community. It aims to develop a national consciousness of mixed heritage issues to empower members to organize and take action towards progressive social change. There are currently chapters in New York City, Boston, and the San Francisco Bay Area.

Swirl has worked to increase voter participation and knowledge about legislation affecting the mixed heritage community. Is also maintains an email listserv which disseminates information relevant to the mixed heritage community.

Anti-racism
Anti-racism encompasses a range of ideas and political actions which are meant to counter racial prejudice, systemic racism, and the oppression of specific racial groups. Anti-racism is usually structured around conscious efforts and deliberate actions which are intended to create equal opportunities for all people on both an individual and a systemic level. As a philosophy, it can be engaged in by the acknowledgment of personal privileges, confronting acts as well as systems of racial discrimination and/or working to change personal racial biases. Major contemporary anti-racism efforts include the Black Lives Matter movement and workplace anti-racism.
Enippadikal (novel)
Enippadikal (Malayalam: ഏണിപ്പടികൾ, English: Rungs of the Ladder) is a Malayalam novel written by Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai and published by Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society in 1964. The central character of the novel is Kesava Pillai, who joins the state government service as a clerk and goes up the ladder in government service through treacherous means. The novel won the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel in 1965. The novel was adapted into films twice: first as "Enippadikal" in 1973, and later as "Vasthavam" in 2006, starring Prithviraj.

Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society
Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society (SPCS) or Sahithya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangham is a cooperative society of writers in the south Indian state of Kerala for publication and sales of books. It was founded in 1945 by a group of twelve writers in Kottayam. It merged with the National Book Stall (NBS) in 1949 and has published over 8,400 titles making it one of the largest book publishers in Kerala. The society claims that over eighty percent of the known writers in Malayalam are members of the society.
Anthony Morgan Rodman
Anthony (Morgan) Rodman is the executive director of the White House Council on Native American Affairs in the Biden administration, a position he previously held in the Obama administration.  He graduated from Harvard College and the James E. Rogers College of Law.

James E. Rogers College of Law
University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law, also known as the University of Arizona College of Law, is the law school at the University of Arizona located in Tucson, Arizona, United States and was the first law school founded in the State of Arizona, opening its doors in 1915. It was renamed in 1999 in honor of  broadcasting executive James E. Rogers, a 1962 graduate of the school, and chairman of Sunbelt Communications Company based in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Each entering JD class at Arizona Law has around 150 students, with a total student body of 700 students (across all programs).

According to Arizona's 2017 ABA-required disclosures, 84.4% of the Class of 2017 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required or JD-advantage employment nine months after graduation.
Hélène Daneault
Hélène Daneault (born 29 May 1961) is a Canadian politician. She was a Coalition Avenir Québec member of the National Assembly of Quebec for the riding of Groulx from 2012 to 2014, first elected in the 2012 election.

Prior to her election to the legislature, she served as mayor of Rosemère.

Rosemère
Rosemère (French pronunciation: [ʁozmɛʁ]) is an affluent suburb of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the north shore of the Rivière des Mille Îles in the Thérèse-De Blainville Regional County Municipality. The town is noted for its green look, due to the high density of trees. Some wooded areas in the town have been left intact as the town has grown around them. Homes are mostly upscale, varying from renovated cottages to unique character homes. It is almost entirely residential, with no significant industries.  Boulevard Curé-Labelle, the town's main commercial artery, is lined up by suburban shops and shopping malls, the largest of which is Place Rosemère.

Its most famous resident is likely Alexandre Bilodeau, who became the first Canadian athlete to win an Olympic gold medal on Canadian soil. He won the men's moguls event at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia.
Nagmani (magazine)
Nagmani Urdu: ناگ منیwas a Punjabi literary magazine started by Sahitya Akademi Award winner writer Amrita Pritam. The magazine is believed to have inspired and established many Punjabi writers such as Gurdial Singh, Dalip Kaur Tiwana and Shiv Kumar Batalvi.

Sahitya Akademi Award
The Sahitya Akademi Award  is a literary  honour in India,  which the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of the most outstanding books of literary merit published in any of the 24 languages of the 8th Schedule to the Indian constitution as well as in English and Rajasthani language.

Established in 1954, the award comprises a plaque and a cash prize of ₹ 100,000. The award's purpose is to recognise and promote excellence in Indian writing and acknowledge new trends. The annual process of selecting awardees runs for the preceding 12 months. The plaque awarded by the Sahitya Akademi was designed by the Indian filmmaker Satyajit Ray. Prior to this, the plaque occasionally was made of marble, but this practice was discontinued because of its excessive weight. During the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965, the plaque was substituted with national savings bonds.