hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luntai County
Luntai County, also known as Bugur County or Bügür County (transliterated from Mongolian), is a county in central Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It contains an area of 14,189 km2 (5,478 sq mi). According to the 2002 census, it has a population of 90,000.

Luntai has a long history. When the city refused aid to Li Guangli's Fergana campaign (c. 101 BC), the inhabitants were slaughtered. Around 80 BC, a military colony of the Han dynasty was established on the site. In 60 BC, the Han dynasty established the Protectorate of the Western Regions, with the Protector General stationed in Wulei in present Luntai County.

As of 1885, there was about 25,100 acres (165,700 mu) of cultivated land in Bugur.

SASM/GNC romanization
The former State Administration of Surveying and Mapping, Geographical Names Committee and former Script Reform Committee of the People's Republic of China have adopted several romanizations for Chinese, Mongolian, Tibetan and Uyghur, officially known as pinyin, Regulation of Phonetic Transcription in Hanyu Pinyin Letters of Place Names in Minority Nationality Languages and Orthography of Chinese Personal Name in Hanyu Pinyin Letters. These systems may be referred to as SASM/GNC/SRC transcriptions or SASM/GNC romanizations.

These romanization systems have been used for foreign translations of Chinese personal names and toponyms since 1978.

All schemes except pinyin have a strict form and a broad form, where the broad form is used in general. In the case of pinyin, tone marks are omitted in practice.
Kitna Satatay Ho
Kitna Satatay Ho (Urdu: کتنا ستاتے ہو, lit. 'How much do you bother me') is a 2015 Pakistani romantic drama serial. It aired on Hum TV. The series was directed by Mazhar Moin, written by Fasih Bari Khan, and produced by Momina Duraid. The drama aired Sunday evenings. The show ended on 22 November 2015. The script by Fasih Bari Kahn was praised by Dawn's critics as one of the best from 2015, "for his complete and masterful understanding of the human condition and showing us a more gritty reality" The series stars Arij Fatyma in the lead role.

Hum TV
Hum TV HD is a 24-hour Urdu general entertainment TV channel based in Karachi, Pakistan. It was founded by Sultana Siddiqui and Duraid Qureshi in 2005.

It is owned by Hum Network Limited and traded on the Pakistan Stock Exchange as (HUMNL).

Hum Network Limited was known as Eye Television Network Limited prior to 21 January 2011. Hum TV began its transmission on 17 January 2005. In March 2013, Hum Network held its first Hum Awards ceremony. As of 1 May 2018, Hum TV shut down its SD feed and shifted to HD resolution in Pakistan.

Hum TV is one of Pakistan's biggest entertainment networks and regularly is in the  top ranks and maintains a loyal fanbase on social media in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and streaming platforms, as well as on television.
Heritage Classic (PGA Tour of Australasia)
The Heritage Classic is a professional golf tournament on the PGA Tour of Australasia, played at The Heritage Golf and Country Club in Chirnside Park, Melbourne, Australia.

The inaugural event was formed in 2013 as the Lexus of Blackburn Heritage Classic. David Bransdon, Lucas Herbert and Max McCardle tied on 274, but Bransdon won the playoff with a birdie at the first extra hole.

Between 2014 and 2023, the tournament was not played, however returned in January 2024 as part of the 2023–24 PGA Tour of Australasia season.

PGA Tour of Australasia
The PGA Tour of Australasia, currently titled as the Challenger PGA Tour of Australasia for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for men, owned and operated by the PGA of Australia. Official events on the tour count for World Golf Ranking points.
Daniel Ignác Trubač
Daniel Ignác Trubač (born January 23, 1969) is a Czech academic sculptor and medalist. He is best known for his sculpture of The Crown of St. Agnes of Bohemia, which was moved to St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City on request of Pope Francis.

Medalist
A medalist (or medallist) is an artist who designs medals, plaquettes, badges, metal medallions, coins and similar small works in relief in metal. Historically, medalists were typically also involved in producing their designs, and were usually either sculptors or goldsmiths by background. In modern times, medalists are mostly primarily sculptors of larger works, but in the past the number of medals and coins produced were sufficient to support specialists who spent most of their career producing them. From the 19th century, the education of a medalist often began with time as an engraver, or a formal education in an academy, particularly modeling and portraiture. On coins, a mark or symbol signifying the medalist as the original designer was often included in a hidden location and is not to be mistaken for the symbol of the mint master. Artistic medals and plaquettes are often signed prominently by the artist.
Wringcliff Bay
Wringcliff Bay, also known as Wring Cliff Cove,  is a bay on the Bristol Channel of northern Devon, England. It lies to the northwest of the village of Lynton, to the northeast of Lee Bay in a "basket-shaped hollow" below the Valley of Rocks. Duty Point and Crock Point are nearby. A narrow path leads down from the South West Coast Path  to the sand and shingle, and also leads to Lee Abbey to the west. The bay is mentioned as "an isolated spot" in Hazel Holt's novel, Gone Away (2010).

Hazel Holt
Hazel Holt (née Young; 3 September 1928 – 23 November 2015) was a British novelist.

She studied at King Edward VI High School for Girls in Birmingham, England, and then Newnham College, Cambridge. She went on to work at the International African Institute in London, where she became acquainted with the novelist Barbara Pym, whose biography she later wrote. She also finished one of Pym's novels after Pym died. Holt wrote My Dear Charlotte, a story that uses the actual language of Jane Austen's letters to her sister Cassandra to construct a Regency murder mystery.

Holt wrote her first novel in her sixties, and was a leading crime novelist. She is best known for her Sheila Malory series. She was also a regular contributor to The Stage for some years. She married Geoffrey Louis Holt (1924–2010) in 1951; their son is novelist Tom Holt.
The Village Recruit
The Village Recruit is an 1805 genre painting by the Scottish artist David Wilkie. Painted at the time of the Napoleonic Wars it shows a recruiting party of the British Army in a country tavern where one young man has just enlisted and prepares to spend his King's shilling on further alcohol. It was painted when Wilkie was around twenty, the year he moved to London to study at the Royal Academy. It was one of three paintings that were spin-offs from his 1804 work Pitlessie Fair, which had featured a recruiting party. Influenced like much of Wilkie's work by the old masters of the seventeenth century, it has strong similarities to his better-known work The Village Politicians. It was initially known by the alternative title Bounty Money.

The work was not publicly exhibited in Willkie's lifetime. In the 1830s it was engraved as a print. A version of the painting is in the collection of the Fusilier Museum in Bury, Greater Manchester.

Bury, Greater Manchester
Bury (/ˈbɛri/, /ˈbʊri/) is a market town on the River Irwell in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, Greater Manchester, England. It had a population of 81,101 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 193,846.

The town is part of the historic county of Lancashire but has been a part of the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester since 1974. Bury emerged in the Industrial Revolution as a mill town manufacturing textiles. The town is known for the open-air Bury Market and black pudding, the traditional local dish.

Sir Robert Peel was born in the town. Peel was a Prime Minister of the United Kingdom who founded the Metropolitan Police and the Conservative Party. There is a memorial and a monument for Peel, the former stands outside Bury Parish church and the latter overlooks the borough on Holcombe Hill. The town is 5 miles (8 km) east of Bolton, 6 miles (9.7 km) south-west of Rochdale and 8 miles (12.9 km) north-west of Manchester.
2009 ATP World Tour Finals – Singles
Nikolay Davydenko defeated Juan Martín del Potro in the final, 6–3, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2009 ATP World Tour Finals.

Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but was eliminated in the round-robin stage.

Fernando Verdasco and Robin Söderling made their debuts at the event.

Andy Roddick qualified for the tournament, but withdrew due to a left leg injury, where he was replaced by Söderling.

Robin Söderling
Robin Bo Carl Söderling (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈrɔ̌bːɪn ˈsø̌ːdɛɭɪŋ]; born 14 August 1984) is a Swedish former professional tennis player. He was ranked world No. 4 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in November 2010. Söderling won ten singles titles on the ATP Tour, and career highlights include reaching two consecutive finals at the French Open in 2009 and 2010, and a Masters title at the 2010 Paris Masters. He was the first player to defeat Rafael Nadal at the French Open. Söderling played his last professional match at only age 26 after contracting a lingering bout of mononucleosis.
Xia Dong
Xia Dong (Chinese: 夏东; pinyin: Xià Dōng; born June 6, 1984) is a Paralympic athlete from China. He competes in throwing events in the F37 classification.

He competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing winning the gold medals in the F37/38 class javelin and shot put and the bronze medal in the class F37/38 discus throw. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, he won a silver medal in the F37/38 discus event. In the F37/38 shot put, he won a gold medal with a world record breaking throw.

Para-athletics
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer (of which the club throw is sometimes considered the para-athletic equivalent) and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.
Portage Lake (St. Joseph County, Michigan)
Portage Lake is a 510-acre lake located near Mendon in the Michigan county of St. Joseph. A glacial-origin lake, it is fed and drained by the Portage River. The lake is variously reported as 37 feet and as 60 feet in maximum depth.

The lake was surveyed by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources in 1998.  The survey uncovered significant sport fishery resources in the form of bluegill, yellow perch, black crappie, largemouth bass, and northern pike.  Traps set by naturalists caught many turtles, including map turtles and painted turtles.

Black crappie
The black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) is a freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae). It is endemic to North America, one of the two types of crappies. It is very similar to the white crappie (P. annularis) in size, shape, and habits, except that it is darker, with a pattern of black spots. Alternate names for the species include calico bass, speck, speckled perch, speckled bass, moonfish, grass bass, strawberry bass, shiner, crappie, oswego bass, sac-a-lait, and marigane noire.
Dietrichstein family
The House of Dietrichstein was one of the oldest and most prominent Austrian noble families originating in the Duchy of Carinthia. The family belonged to the high nobility (German: Hochadel). The Nikolsburg branch was elevated to the rank of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1624, while a member of the Hollenburg branch was elevated to the same dignity in 1684. The family held two territories with imperial immediacy – the Principality of Dietrichstein, along with castles in Carinthia and Moravia, and the Sovereign Barony of Tarasp (now in Switzerland).

Uradel
Uradel (German: [ʔuːɐ̯ˈʔaːdl̩], German: "ancient nobility"; adjective uradelig or uradlig) is a genealogical term introduced in late 18th-century Germany to distinguish those families whose noble rank can be traced to the 14th century or earlier. The word stands opposed to Briefadel, a term used for titles of nobility created in the early modern period or modern history by letters patent. Since the earliest known such letters were issued in the 14th century, those knightly families in northern European nobility whose noble rank predates these are designated Uradel.

Uradel and Briefadel families are generally further divided into categories with their ranks of titles: adlig (untitled nobility), freiherrlich (baronial), gräflich (comital), fürstlich (princely) and herzoglich (ducal) houses. The latter two are also referred to as Hochadel (High Nobility).
Bosumpra Cave
Bosumpra Cave is an archaeological site situated on the Kwahu plateau, which forms part of the easternmost section of the Ashanti uplands. The plateau and uplands lie just north of the Akan lowlands, and run diagonally across south-central Ghana for c. 200 km from near the western border with Ivory Coast to the edge of the Volta basin. The site is a rock shelter, which is roughly 240 m² in extent and situated at an elevation of approximately 613 m above sea-level, northeast of the modern town of Abetifi. In the shelter itself, the floor is lowest in the center and slopes upwards towards the northern and southern edges. The rock shelter is also situated in the Bono East region of Ghana, which is archaeologically important because of the large distribution of prehistoric Kintampo-sites here.

Kwahu Plateau
The Kwahu Plateau is a 260 km (160 mi) long plateau in southern Ghana. It consists of the uplifted southern edge of the Volta River Basin. It forms the main watershed of Ghana, separating rivers in the Volta River system from rivers in the western half of Ghana which flows into the Atlantic Ocean (Birim, Pra, Ankobra). The plateau has an average elevation of 1,500 feet and its highest point is Mount Akmawa at 2,586 feet. The plateau is dissected by several valleys and is marked by towering peaks. To the south it borders dense forest country, which it shields from the harmattan winds of the interior. Cacao cultivation has been introduced in the west, through which traditional trade routes lead to the Atlantic; vegetable cultivation is stressed in the eastern sector. The largest and most important towns on the Kwahu Plateau are Wenchi, Mampong, Mpraeso, and Abetifi.
The Bruce Weiner Microcar Museum
The Bruce Weiner Microcar Museum was a museum in Madison, Georgia, United States, that held a large collection of microcars. The museum was created by Bruce Weiner, an executive of Dubble Bubble, who collected microcars as a hobby.

The entire collection was auctioned off February 15–16, 2013. The top selling price was for Lot 603, a 1958 F.M.R. Tg 500 'Tiger' that sold for $322,000.

Dubble Bubble
Dubble Bubble is an American brand of fruit-flavored, usually pink-colored, bubble gum invented by Walter Diemer, an accountant at Philadelphia-based Fleer Chewing Gum Company in 1928. One of Diemer's hobbies was concocting recipes for chewing gum based on the original Fleer ingredients. Though founder Frank H. Fleer had come up with his own bubble gum recipe under the name Blibber-Blubber in 1906, it was shelved due to its being too sticky and breaking apart too easily. It would be another 20 years until Diemer would use the original idea as inspiration for his invention.
Federation Against Copyright Theft
The Federation Against Copyright Theft (FACT) is a British organisation established in 1983 to protect and represent the interests of its members' intellectual property (IP). FACT also investigates fraud and cybercrime, and provides global due diligence services to support citizenship investment and trade, business, financial and legal compliance.

FACT investigates and takes action against illegal content providers, and provides information about the risks of engaging with piracy and illegal content. FACT's partnership with Crimestoppers UK allows for the reporting of crime and illegal activity anonymously.

Crimestoppers UK
Crimestoppers UK, also known as the Crimestoppers Trust, is a charity independent of the police in the United Kingdom. Inspired by the American organization of the same name, it operates an anonymous online form and phone service tip line.

The service is available twenty-four hours a day, all year round, with all information received sanitised to protect the anonymity of the service users before being disseminated to the relevant authorities. Crimestoppers works with commercial and third-sector partners to share advice on keeping safe for individuals and communities.
St. Anthony Hospital (Colorado)
St. Anthony Hospital, previously known as St. Anthony Central Hospital, is one of six Level I Trauma Centers in Colorado. The hospital is currently located at W. 2nd Pl and Routt St near the Denver Federal Center in Lakewood, Colorado. The hospital was previously located at W. 16th Ave and Raleigh St, in the West Colfax neighborhood of Denver.

St Anthony's is part of CommonSpirit Health.

Denver Federal Center
The Denver Federal Center, in Lakewood, Colorado, is part of the General Services Administration (GSA) and is home to about 6,200 employees of agencies of the federal government of the United States. The center encompasses an area of about 670 acres (2.7 km2) and has 90 buildings with over 4,000,000 square feet (400,000 m2) of office, warehouse, lab and special use space. There are 28 different federal agencies on-site, making it the largest concentration outside of Washington, D.C.

The major employers at the center include the United States Department of the Interior (and its Bureau of Land Management, Bureau of Reclamation, and United States Geological Survey) and the GSA. Special facilities at the center include the National Ice Core Laboratory.
Minister of Safety & Security v Van Duivenboden
In Minister of Safety & Security v Van Duivenboden, an important case in the South African law of delict and South African criminal law, the Supreme Court of Appeal held that, while private citizens may be entitled to remain passive when the constitutional rights of other citizens are threatened, the State has a positive constitutional duty, imposed by section 7 of the Constitution, to act in protection of the rights in the Bill of Rights. The existence of this duty necessarily implies accountability. Where the state, represented by persons who perform its functions, acts in conflict with section 7, the norm of accountability must of necessity assume an important role in determining whether or not a legal duty ought to be recognized in any particular case.

Constitutional right
A constitutional right can be a prerogative or a duty, a power or a restraint of power, recognized and established by a sovereign state or union of states. Constitutional rights may be expressly stipulated in a national constitution, or they may be inferred from the language of a national constitution, which is the supreme law of the land, meaning that laws that contradict it are considered unconstitutional and invalid. Usually any constitution defines the structure, functions, powers, and limits of the national government and the individual freedoms, rights, and obligations which will be protected and enforced when needed by the national authorities. Nowadays, most countries have a written constitution comprising similar or distinct constitutional rights.

Other coded set of laws have existed before the first Constitutions were developed having some similar purpose and functions, like the United Kingdom's 1215 Magna Carta or the Virginia Bill of Rights of 1776.
Cold-air pool
A cold-air pool is an accumulation of cold air in a topographic depression, such as a valley or basin. The cold air is produced by radiative cooling at night along the slopes and sinks down, as it is denser than the surrounding air, settling at the bottom of the depression. The cold dome is trapped by the surrounding higher terrain until a change of air mass or daytime heating breaks the temperature inversion. Since the cold-air pool can persist for long periods, it leads to poor air quality and fog.

Radiative cooling
In the study of heat transfer, radiative cooling is the process by which a body loses heat by thermal radiation. As Planck's law describes, every physical body spontaneously and continuously emits electromagnetic radiation.

Radiative cooling has been applied in various contexts throughout human history, including ice making in India and Iran, heat shields for spacecraft, and in architecture. In 2014, a scientific breakthrough in the use of photonic metamaterials made daytime radiative cooling possible. It has since been proposed as a strategy to mitigate local and global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions known as passive daytime radiative cooling.
CUNYAC men's basketball tournament
The CUNYAC men's basketball tournament is the annual conference basketball championship tournament for the NCAA Division III City University of New York Athletic Conference. The tournament has been held annually since 1966. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records.

The winner receives the CUNYAC's automatic bid to the NCAA Men's Division III Basketball Championship.

Staten Island, with 15 titles, are the most successful program in tournament history.

College of Staten Island
The College of Staten Island (CSI) is a public university in Staten Island, New York, United States. It is one of the 11 four-year senior colleges within the City University of New York system (CUNY), and one of the 2 four-year senior colleges within the CUNY system with a program in engineering.

Programs in the liberal arts, sciences, engineering and professional studies lead to PhD degrees, master's degrees, bachelor's and associate degrees. The bachelor's program includes selective membership in CUNY's Macaulay Honors College. The master's degree is awarded in 21 professional and liberal arts, sciences and engineering fields of study. A clinical doctorate is awarded by the departments of nursing and physical therapy. The college participates in doctoral programs of the CUNY Graduate Center in biology, chemistry, computer science, and physics, and at City College in engineering.
Minister for Integration (Sweden)
The Minister for Integration (Swedish: Integrationsminister) is a cabinet minister within the Swedish Government since 2021, having previously been so between 1996 and 2014. The cabinet minister was appointed by the Prime Minister of Sweden.

The minister was responsible for issues regarding integration, discrimination, human rights at the national level, Swedish citizenship and minorities. The last Minister for Integration was Erik Ullenhag, who served from 2010 to 2014.

When the Andersson Cabinet took office in November 2021, the minister post was re-established. It was placed at the Ministry of Justice, and combined with Minister of Migration. Since June 2025, the position is placed at the Ministry for Education and the current minister is Simona Mohamsson of the Liberals.

Swedish nationality law
Swedish nationality law determines entitlement to Swedish citizenship. Citizenship of Sweden is based primarily on the principle of jus sanguinis. In other words, citizenship is conferred primarily by birth to a Swedish parent, irrespective of place of birth.

In general, children born in Sweden to foreign parents do not acquire Swedish citizenship at birth, although if they remain resident in Sweden they may become citizens later on.

Swedish law was significantly amended with effect from 1 July 2001 and from that date, dual citizenship is permitted without restriction.