hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anti-French uprisings in Italy
Anti-French uprisings in Italy were popular revolts between 1796 and 1814 against occupying French forces, local Jacobins, pro-French figures, and satellite states set up by France after invading Italy.

The uprisings were spontaneous and isolated from one another, arising in various places, without one single leader to coordinate them or to give them a unified military strategy. They also lacked adequate weapons. The most successful such revolt was by the Army of the Holy Faith in Our Lord Jesus Christ in the Kingdom of Naples, which managed to re-establish the old regime on a more lasting basis.

Bobbio
Bobbio (Bobbiese: Bòbi; Ligurian: Bêubbi; Latin: Bobium) is a small town and comune in the province of Piacenza in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. It is located in the Trebbia River valley southwest of the town Piacenza. There is also an abbey and a diocese of the same name.

Bobbio is the administrative center of the Unione Montana Valli Trebbia e Luretta. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
James Sethian
James Albert Sethian is a professor of mathematics at the University of California, Berkeley and the head of the Mathematics Group  at the United States Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.

Sethian was born in Washington, D.C., on May 10, 1954.  He received a B.A. (1976) from Princeton and a M.A. (1978) and Ph.D (1982) from Berkeley under the direction of Alexandre Chorin. Beginning in 1983, he was a National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellow, lastly at the Courant Institute under  Peter Lax.  In 1985, he returned to Berkeley to join the mathematics faculty, where he is currently a full professor. Sethian was elected member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2008 as well as the National Academy of Sciences in 2013. Sethian has acted as Interim Director Research at Thinking Machines Corporation and held visiting positions at the National Center for Atmospheric Research and the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Thinking Machines Corporation
Thinking Machines Corporation (TMC) was a supercomputer manufacturer and artificial intelligence (AI) company, founded in Waltham, Massachusetts, in 1983 by Sheryl Handler and W. Daniel "Danny" Hillis to turn Hillis's doctoral work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on massively parallel computing architectures into a commercial product named the Connection Machine. The company moved in 1984 from Waltham to Kendall Square in Cambridge, Massachusetts, close to the MIT AI Lab. Thinking Machines made some of the most powerful supercomputers of the time, and by 1993 the four fastest computers in the world were Connection Machines. The firm filed for bankruptcy in 1994; its hardware and parallel computing software divisions were acquired in time by Sun Microsystems.
Bolo Haouz Mosque
Bolo Haouz Mosque is a historical mosque in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. Built in 1712, on the opposite side of the citadel of Ark in Registan district, it is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage Site list along with other parts of the historic city.  It served as a Friday mosque during the time when the emir of Bukhara was being subjugated under the Bolshevik Russian rule in the 1920s. Thin columns made of painted wood were added to the frontal part of the iwan (entrance) in 1917, additionally supporting the bulged roof of summer prayer room. The columns are decorated with colored muqarnas.

Friday prayer
Friday prayer, or congregational prayer (Arabic: صلاة الجمعة, romanized: ṣalāt al-jumuʿa), is the meeting together of Muslims for communal prayer and a service at midday every Friday. In Islam, the day itself is called Yawm al-Jum'ah (shortened to Jum'ah), which translated from Arabic means "Day of Meeting", "Day of Assembly" or "Day of Congregation".

On this day, all Muslim men are expected to meet and participate at the designated place of meeting and prostration (mosque), with certain exceptions due to distance and situation. Women and children can also participate, but do not fall under the same obligation that men do.

In many Muslim countries, the weekend includes Fridays, and in others, Fridays are half-days for schools and some workplaces. It is one of the most exalted Islamic rituals and one of its confirmed obligatory acts.
United Opposition (Greece)
The United Opposition (Greek: Ηνωμένη Αντιπολίτευσις) was a coalition of anti-Venizelist Greek political parties for the elections of 1920.

Its main leader was Dimitrios Gounaris. Members to the coalition were:

People's Party

Kyriakoulis Mavromichalis' party National party

Nikolaos Stratos' party Reform party

Modernist party

and other small right-wing and anti-Venizelist parties

Nikolaos Stratos
Nikolaos Stratos (Greek: Νικόλαος Στράτος; 16 May 1872 – 28 November 1922 (15 November Old Style dating)) was a Prime Minister of Greece for a few days in May 1922. He was later tried and executed for his role in the Catastrophe of 1922.
Itai Keisuke
Itai Keisuke (板井圭介, Itai Keisuke; 21 March 1956 – 14 August 2018) was a Japanese sumo wrestler from Usuki, Oita, Japan. His highest rank was komusubi. He held the record for most consecutive victories from entry into sumo for several years before it was broken by Jōkōryū in 2012. After his retirement, Itai caused controversy by claiming that the outcomes of many of his matches were set by match-fixing.

Usuki, Ōita
Usuki (臼杵市, Usuki-shi) is a city located on the east coast of Ōita Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 October 2023, the city had an estimated population of 34,155 in 14538 households, and a  population density of 120 persons per km². The total area of the city is 868.02 km2 (335.14 sq mi). It is famous for its Usuki Stone Buddhas, a National Treasure, and its soy sauce production.
Ford Mustang FR500
The Ford Racing Mustang FR500 is a highly tuned race variant of the Ford Mustang, featuring a V8 engine. It is a turn key race car not designed for public roads. Each FR500 model is built with a unique Ford Racing number, instead of a DOT VIN. Each is built to order by Ford Racing. All FR500s are made at the same Flat Rock, Michigan plant as the standard Mustang.

Ford announced that it would continue to offer FR500 models in 2010.

Vehicle identification number
A vehicle identification number (VIN; also called a chassis number or frame number) is a unique code, including a serial number, used by the automotive industry to identify individual motor vehicles, towed vehicles, motorcycles, scooters and mopeds, as defined by the International Organization for Standardization in ISO 3779 (content and structure) and ISO 4030 (location and attachment).

There are vehicle history services in several countries that help potential car owners use VINs to find vehicles that are defective or have been written off.
Samuel H. Thurber
Samuel Hallet Thurber (April 12, 1827 – May 15, 1870) was an American merchant, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing Manitowoc and Calumet counties during the 1859 and 1860 sessions.  His name was often abbreviated S. H. Thurber.

Calumet County, Wisconsin
Calumet County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 52,442. The county seat is Chilton. The county was created in 1836 (then in the Wisconsin Territory) and organized in 1850.

Calumet County is included in the Appleton, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Combined Statistical Area.

The Holyland is partially located in southern Calumet County.
Modern Review
Modern Review has been used as a name for a number of magazines:

Modern Review (Calcutta), published from 1907 to 1995

Modern Review (London), published from 1991 to 1995

Modern Review (North American), published since 2005

Modern Review (Calcutta)
The Modern Review was a monthly magazine published in Calcutta founded and edited by Ramananda Chatterjee. It was in circulation between 1907 and 1995. The magazine emerged as an important forum for the Indian nationalist intelligentsia. It carried essays on politics, economics, sociology, as well as poems, stories, travelogues, and sketches. Radhakamal Mukerjee published his early, pioneering essays on environmental degradation in India here and Verrier Elwin reports from the Gond country were first published here. Numerous other friends of India including Rev. Jabez T. Sunderland wrote regularly for the magazine. Another indication of the journal's stature was the publication, within its pages, of Jawaharlal Nehru's pseudonymous autocritique Rashtrapati, by 'Chanakya' in November 1937. Ramachandra Guha indicates that alone was evidence that it was "leading journal of the progressive Indian intelligentsia."
2016 Scottish Open Grand Prix
The 2016 Scottish Open Grand Prix was the 20th grand prix's badminton tournament of the 2016 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held at Emirates Arena in Glasgow, Scotland 23–27 November 2016 and had a total purse of $55,000.

Maiken Fruergaard
Maiken Fruergaard Sørensen (born 11 May 1995) is a Danish badminton player, specializing in doubles play. As a junior player, she was the gold medalists at the 2013 European Junior Championships in the team and mixed doubles events, and in 2014, she entered the national team.
Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard and Shin
Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard and Shin is a category of Scheduled Tribes under the Indian constitution.

The category contains tribes who speak Dardic languages. In the Indian-administered Kashmir region, these tribes are mostly found in the Kargil and Baramulla districts and few of them are found in Leh. They are predominantly Muslim and a few are Buddhists and Hindus.

In the Census of India, the demographic numbers of the "Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard, and Shin" Tribes are added together. Dards is the collective name for this group. Following are the Tribes under the category:

In Baramullah 
Dards of Baramulla, they are known as Shina people.

In Ladakh
The Dards of Drass valley. They are known as Shina people.
Brokpa, the Dards of Dha hanu region, they are known as Minaro people.

Brokpa
The Brokpa (Tibetan: འབྲོག་པ་, Wylie: ’brog pa, THL: drok pa), sometimes called Minaro, is an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group mostly found in the Indian-administered union territory of Ladakh around the villages of Dha and Hanu. Some of the community is also across the Line of Control in the Pakistan-administered Baltistan, in the villages around Ganokh. They speak an Indo-Aryan language called Brokskat. The Brokpa are mostly Vajrayana Buddhist but some are Muslim.
The Hood Dictionary
The Hood Dictionary is the fourth mixtape by American rapper NoCap. It was released on November 19, 2019, by Atlantic Records and Never Broke Again. The mixtape features guest appearances from Quando Rondo, Lil Durk, and Jagged Edge. Meanwhile, the mixtape was handled by a variety of prestigious producers including CashMoneyAP, SephGotTheWaves, Outtatown, Rude Dolph, Jambo, Otxhello, Young Cutta, and YoungKimJ, among others.

The mixtape was supported by three singles: "First Day In", "Ghetto Angels (Remix)" featuring Lil Durk and Jagged Edge, and "What You Know". The mixtape debuted at number 80 on the US Billboard 200.

CashMoneyAP
Alex Christian Jean Petit (born May 19, 1995), known professionally as CashMoneyAP, is a French record producer and record executive. He is best known for having produced the Billboard Hot 100-top ten single "For the Night" (2020) by Pop Smoke, as well as the top 40 singles "Gangstas" (2020) also by Pop Smoke, and "Slut Me Out" (2022) by NLE Choppa. He gained initial recognition for posting "type beats" on YouTube and the music licensing platform BeatStars.
Alanganallur taluka
10°02′46″N 078°05′13″E﻿ / ﻿10.04611°N 78.08694°E﻿ / 10.04611; 78.08694
Alanganallur revenue block in the Madurai district of Tamil Nadu, India. It has a total of 37 panchayat villages. It has the same name and boundaries as the revenue block.

Revenue block
Revenue blocks, revenue circles, firka, or patwar circles are the local revenue sub-divisions of the various districts of the states of India. The revenue blocks exist to simplify local administration, and each consists of a small number of revenue villages, governed by a revenue inspector. The revenue inspector is charged with a number of key administrative roles, most notably the identification and collection of tax revenue. Sometimes the land area in a revenue circle is identified as an inspector land revenue circle for administrative purposes. While revenue blocks may be as large as or larger than a tehsildar, revenue circles are generally smaller. In the state of Tamil Nadu alone, there are 1,349 revenue blocks.
Thompsoniidae
The Thompsoniidae are a family of parasitic barnacles belonging to the highly apomorphic superorder Rhizocephala, and therein to the more diverse of the two orders, the Akentrogonida.

Thompsoniidae is one of the smaller families of Rhizocephala, as is typical for the Akentrogonida. They only contain four genera, of which two are not universally accepted:

Diplothylacus Høeg & Lützen, 1993 (disputed)

Pottsia Høeg & Lützen, 1993 (disputed)

Thompsonia Häfele, 1911

Thylacoplectus Coutière, 1902

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
'Allo 'Allo! series 3
The third series of the British sitcom 'Allo 'Allo! contains six episodes, which first aired between 5 December 1986 and 9 January 1987.

Series 3 features the final appearance of Francesca Gonshaw as Maria Recamier.

The following episode names are those found on the British Region 2 DVD releases, with alternate region titles given below them.

Francesca Gonshaw
Francesca Gonshaw (born 25 November 1959) is an English former actress who appeared in television, theatre and cinema productions in the 1980s. From 1982 to 1987, she appeared as Maria Recamier in the BBC's 'Allo 'Allo! television situation comedy series set in occupied France during World War II.

After early roles in the BBC's Shades and Gesualdo the Prince, Gonshaw featured as Arsinoe in The Cleopatras in 1983. After leaving 'Allo 'Allo! for the role of Amanda Palmer in the drama Howard's Way, Gonshaw appeared in other productions including as Lisa Walters in the Central soap-opera Crossroads (1984–85), as Maria in the movie Biggles: Adventures in Time (1986) and in the Grammy-winning music video for Peter Gabriel's "Digging in the Dirt" (1992). On stage, she played Hermia in A Midsummer Night's Dream and Ophelia in Hamlet. After her acting career, she went on to work for Miramax Books, and then became curator of an art gallery.
No Byung-jun
No Byung-jun (Korean: 노병준; Hanja: 盧炳俊; born 29 September 1979) is a South Korean former professional footballer who played as a striker or a winger. He was voted the Most Valuable Player of the 2009 AFC Champions League after scoring the opener with a free kick in Pohang Steelers' 2–1 final win over Al-Ittihad. At the Korean FA Cup, he is a three-time champion and the all-time top goalscorer. He scored the most goals when winning the 2012 and 2013 tournaments, although he was not an official top scorer.

Pohang Steelers
The Pohang Steelers (Hangul: 포항 스틸러스) are a South Korean professional football club based in Pohang, North Gyeongsang Province that compete in the K League 1, the top flight of South Korean football. The club was founded on 1 April 1973 as Pohang Iron & Steel Company FC, named after the steel company POSCO, which still owns the club today. They are one of South Korea's most successful teams, having won the K League five times and the AFC Champions League three times.
East Hastings Pharmacy
East Hastings Pharmacy is a 2012 Canadian docufiction film, directed by Antoine Bourges. The film is a portrait of a methadone clinic for drug addicts in the East Hastings neighbourhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, scripted and performed through an improvisational process with various real-life drug addicts, with professional actress Shauna Hansen playing the role of the pharmacist.

The film premiered in March 2012 at the Cinéma du Réel film festival.

It was the winner of the Colin Low Award for Best Canadian Documentary at the 2013 DOXA Documentary Film Festival, and cowinner with Rodrigo Barriuso's For Dorian of the Lindalee Tracey Award at the 2013 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival.

Colin Low Award
The Colin Low Award is a juried annual film award presented at the DOXA Documentary Film Festival to recognize the director of best Canadian documentary film screened at that year's festival. The award is named in honour of influential Canadian documentary filmmaker Colin Low.

The award is sponsored by the Directors Guild of Canada and comes with a $5,000 cash prize. The award frequently, but not always, presents an honorable mention in addition to the overall winner.
Kent Systems
KENT Systems is a plastic injection molding company in Loveland, Colorado. KENT Systems has a line of patented plastic quick coupling, plastic fittings, media bags, and tubing. KENT Systems was designed, created, and developed by Kent Sampson. Kent Sampson  along with his wife, Gloria, founded Value Plastics in Fort Collins, Colorado. While owning Value Plastics, Kent Sampson invented the KENT Systems line of quick couplings. In 1998 Kent and Gloria were the first business owners to win the prestigious Bravo! Lifetime Achievement Award presented by the Northern Colorado Business Report.  In 2001 Kent and Gloria Sampson decided spin off the KENT Systems product line and create a separate company from Value Plastics, the newly formed company was named Kent Systems. In 2007 Kent and Gloria Sampson sold KENT Systems to their youngest son, Lyle, and daughter in-law, Linda.

Loveland, Colorado
Loveland is a home rule municipality and the second most populous municipality in Larimer County, Colorado, United States. Loveland is situated 46 miles (74 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver and is the 14th most populous city in Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population of Loveland was 76,378. The city forms part of the Fort Collins-Loveland Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor. The city's public schools are part of the Thompson R2-J School District.
Benfatto
Benfatto is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Attilio Benfatto (1943–2017), Italian cyclist

Luigi Benfatto (1551–1611), Italian painter

Marco Benfatto (born 1988), Italian racing cyclist

Attilio Benfatto
Attilio Benfatto (11 March 1943, in Caselle de' Ruffi – 5 April 2017, in Mirano) was an Italian professional road cyclist. He most notably won two stages of the Giro d'Italia. Throughout his career, he competed in eight editions of the Giro d'Italia and two editions of the Tour de France. His best placing was 25th overall in the 1969 Giro d'Italia.
Tubby's
Tubby's is an American restaurant chain and franchise based in Clinton Township, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, Michigan. Founded in 1968 in nearby St. Clair Shores, the chain operates more than 60 stores throughout Michigan, primarily in the Detroit metropolitan area. The chain primarily serves submarine sandwiches and salads, proprietary chips, soft drinks, french fries and soup, and is known for its grilled subs. In 2015, it acquired local cupcake brand Just Baked.

Clinton Township, Macomb County, Michigan
Clinton Township is a charter township in Macomb County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Clinton Township is located about 22 miles (35 km) northeast of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the township had a population of 100,513, making it the most populous township in Michigan, and the state's 8th-most populous community overall.
Foreign policy of the Stephen Harper government
The foreign policy of Stephen Harper was Canada's foreign policy of the Conservative government led by Prime Minister Stephen Harper (in office February 6, 2006 – November 4, 2015). It has been characterized as a great break from the previous 70 years of post-war Canadian diplomacy. Indeed, Harper moved away from the multilateral and internationalist policies of the Liberal Party, and reduced Canada's emphasis on the United Nations, peacekeeping, conflict resolution, and multilateralism.

Harper sought to strengthen cooperation with the United States, particularly in that country's war on terror. As part of this policy, his government continued and expanded Canada's participation in the US-led War in Afghanistan. Harper also led Canada in the Libyan civil war and the Syrian civil war. In parallel, Harper showed relentless support for Israel throughout his whole premiership.

Rob Nicholson (politician)
Robert Douglas Nicholson PC KC (born April 29, 1952) is a Canadian politician who represented the riding of Niagara Falls in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2019 as a member of the Conservative Party. Under Prime Minister Stephen Harper, he served as Minister of National Defence, Minister of Justice, Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Leader of the Government in the House of Commons. When the Harper Government ended, he was appointed Justice Critic in the Official Opposition shadow cabinet.
Baldassarri
Baldassarri is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Lorenzo Baldassarri (born 1996), Italian motorcycle racer

Mario Baldassarri (born 1946), Italian economist and politician

Milena Baldassarri (born 2001), Italian individual rhythmic gymnast

Sebastián Baldassarri, Argentine para-athlete

Sebastián Baldassarri
Sebastián Baldassarri is a Paralympian athlete from Argentina competing mainly in category F11 shot put events.

Baldassarri first competed in 2004 Summer Paralympics where he competed in the F11 shot put.  Four years later in Beijing at the 2008 Summer Paralympics he competed in both the shot put and the discus, winning a silver medal in the F11/12 discus.
Kevin Joseph (cricketer)
Kevin Claudius Joseph (born 20 December 1978) is a Trinidadian-born former British Virgin Islands cricketer. Joseph was a left-handed batsman.

In 2006, the British Virgin Islands were invited to take part in the 2006 Stanford 20/20, whose matches held official Twenty20 status. Joseph made a single appearance in the tournament against Saint Lucia in a preliminary round defeat, with him being run out for 19 runs opening the batting by the combination of Darren Sammy and Garey Mathurin. He later played for the team in its second appearance in the Stanford 20/20 in 2008, making a single appearance in a preliminary round defeat against Dominica, where he again opened the batting and was dismissed for 5 runs by Raymond Casimir.

Run out
Run out is a method of dismissal in cricket, in which the fielding team put down the wicket of a batter who is outside their ground, usually because they are trying to score a run.

Run out is governed by Law 38 of the laws of cricket. If the batter is judged run out, the run does not count and the bowler does not get credit for the wicket.

A run out can also be effected when the batters are not attempting a run if one of them leaves the crease when the ball is not dead. Some such dismissals cause controversy because they challenge long-established — but not universal — conventions about the spirit of the game.