hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antoni Łyko
Antoni Andrzej Łyko (27 May 1907 – 3 June 1941) was a Polish footballer who played as a striker.

When playing for Wisła Kraków, he was a member of the Poland national football team for the 1938 FIFA World Cup. However, he did not actually travel to Strasbourg for the tournament. He was capped twice for Poland, with both games against Latvia.

Implicated in support of the Polish Armed Resistance, Łyko was arrested by the Gestapo on the streets of Kraków during the German occupation in World War II, and taken to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where he was shot in June 1941.

Union of Armed Struggle
The Union of Armed Struggle (Polish: Związek Walki Zbrojnej; ZWZ), also translated as the Union for Armed Struggle, Association of Armed Struggle, and Association for Armed Struggle, was a resistance-movement underground army that was formed in Poland following the country's September 1939 invasion by Germany and the Soviet Union that set off World War II. The ZWZ existed from 13 November 1939 until 14 February 1942, when it was renamed the Home Army (Armia Krajowa, or AK).
Corniculum (ancient Latin town)
Corniculum was an ancient town in Latium in central Italy.

In Rome's early semi-legendary history, the town was part of the Latin League, which went to war with Rome during the reign of Rome's king Lucius Tarquinius Priscus.  Corniculum was one of a number of towns captured by Tarquinius.

Livy also records that one of the leading men of Corniculum, named Servius Tullius, was slain in the capture of the town, and that his pregnant wife was taken captive to Rome, but was exempted from slavery by the Roman queen Tanaquil on account of her rank, and was given a place in the king's household.  She gave birth to a son, Servius Tullius, who later married Tarqunius' daughter, and succeeded him as king of Rome.

Latin League
The Latin League (c. 8th century – 338 BC) was an ancient confederation of about 30 villages and tribes in the region of Latium near the ancient city of Rome, organized for mutual defense by the Italic tribes of the Latins. The term "Latin League" is one coined by modern historians with no precise Latin equivalent.
VPB-206
VPB-206 was a Patrol Bombing Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron Two Hundred Six (VP-206) on 15 November 1942, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron Two Hundred Six (VPB-206) on 1 October 1944 and disestablished on 4 June 1945.

Charleston Air Force Base
Charleston Air Force Base (IATA: CHS, ICAO: KCHS, FAA LID: CHS) is a United States military facility located in the City of North Charleston, South Carolina. The facility is under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force's 628th Air Base Wing (628 ABW), a subordinate element of the Air Mobility Command (AMC). It is part of Joint Base Charleston, which combined Charleston Air Force Base with Naval Support Activity Charleston.
Plunging region
In astrophysics, a plunging region is a region near a black hole in which matter can no longer follow circular orbits and will instead rapidly "plunge" towards the event horizon at nearly the speed of light. This region exists between the innermost stable circular orbit and the event horizon of the black hole. Unlike inside the event horizon, light and radiation can still escape the black hole, but matter is doomed to fall in. The existence of such a region is predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity.

Circular orbit
A circular orbit is an orbit with a fixed distance around the barycenter; that is, in the shape of a circle.
In this case, not only the distance, but also the speed, angular speed, potential and kinetic energy are constant. There is no periapsis or apoapsis. This orbit has no radial version.

Listed below is a circular orbit in astrodynamics or celestial mechanics under standard assumptions. Here the centripetal force is the gravitational force, and the axis mentioned above is the line through the center of the central mass perpendicular to the orbital plane.
Togo and the Rise of Japanese Sea Power
Togo and the Rise of Japanese Sea Power is a 1936 non-fiction book by Edwin A. Falk, published by Longmans, Green and Co. Bradley A. Fiske, a former rear admiral of the U.S. Navy, gave an introduction. The book is about Tōgō Heihachirō.

Paul H. Clyde of the University of Kentucky described the book as "a narrative of the growth of Japanese sea power" in addition to being a work about Tōgō himself.

Longman
Longman, also known as Pearson Longman, is a publishing company founded in 1724 in London, England, that is owned by Pearson PLC.

Since 1968, Longman has been used primarily as an imprint by Pearson's Schools business. The Longman brand is also used for the Longman Schools in China and the Longman Dictionary.
IRF4
Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) also known as MUM1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF4 gene. IRF4 functions as a key regulatory transcription factor in the development of human immune cells. The expression of IRF4 is essential for the differentiation of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes as well as certain myeloid cells. Dysregulation of the IRF4 gene can result in IRF4 functioning either as an oncogene or a tumor-suppressor, depending on the context of the modification.

The MUM1 symbol is also the current HGNC official symbol for melanoma associated antigen (mutated) 1 (HGNC:29641).

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that functions as a cytokine. The pharmaceutical analogs of naturally occurring GM-CSF are called sargramostim and molgramostim.

Unlike granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which specifically promotes neutrophil proliferation and maturation, GM-CSF affects more cell types, especially macrophages and eosinophils.
Fred Gray (composer)
Fred Gray is a composer of video game music. Among his works on Commodore 64 are Shadowfire, Mutants, Madballs and Enigma Force. On the Amiga he made the music for games such as Black Lamp, Eco, Stargoose and Victory Road.

Gray was an employee of Imagine software, and went freelance after the company went out of business. Much of his work appeared in games published by Ocean. He also received commissions from Denton Designs.

In 2001 Gray said he was no longer working in the computer games industry, and was teaching adults how to use computers in Liverpool.

Madballs
Madballs is a series of toy foam balls originally created by AmToy, a subsidiary company of American Greetings (now Cloudco Entertainment), and first available in stores in 1986, later being revived by Art Asylum (2007–2008) and Just Play, Inc. (2017–2019). The balls incorporated gross-out humor and each was given a character synopsis and an odd name. The toyline expanded into a franchise with a comic book series, two direct-to-video animated cartoons, and a video game for the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, and Commodore 64.
American Opera Auditions
The American Opera Auditions was a non-profit organization located in Cincinnati, Ohio, that organized an annual singing contest in both the United States and Italy from 1956 to 1990. The organization was founded by Cincinnati businessman and philanthropist John L. Magro.

Winners of the American Opera Auditions from the United States were afforded the opportunity to study singing in Italy and make their professional European opera debuts at notable Italian opera houses. The Italian winners were afforded the opportunity to study singing in the United States and make their US debut with the Cincinnati Opera during its summer season. Notable winners of the competition include Sharon Azrieli, Gene Boucher, Dominic Cossa, James King, John Modinos, Elizabeth Fischer Monastero, Karen Holvik, Sherrill Milnes, Seymour Schwartzman, George Shirley and Carol Toscano.

Sherrill Milnes
Sherrill Milnes (born January 10, 1935) is an American dramatic baritone most famous for his Verdi roles. From 1965 until 1997 he was associated with the Metropolitan Opera. His voice is a high dramatic baritone, combining good legato with an incisive rhythmic style.

By 1965, aged 30, he had made his debut at the Metropolitan Opera. His international debuts followed soon thereafter, and Milnes became one of the world's prominent Verdi baritones of the 1970s and 1980s.
Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Sailing/Yachting is an Olympic sport starting from the Games of the 1st Olympiad (1896 Olympics in Athens, Greece). With the exception of 1904 and possibly the cancelled 1916 Summer Olympics, sailing has always been included on the Olympic schedule. Sailing at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London was held 29 July – 11 August 2012 at Weymouth and Portland National Sailing Academy in Weymouth. The 2012 sailing program consisted of a total of ten events (eight classes). Eleven fleet races were scheduled off the coast at Weymouth Bay for each event, except for the 49er and the Elliott 6m classes. For the 49er class, a total of 16 races were scheduled. Of the 11 (16) races, 10 (15) were scheduled as opening races and the last one as medal race. For the Elliott 6m a series of match races was scheduled. The sailing was done on different types of courses.

49er (dinghy)
The 49er is a double-handed skiff-type high-performance sailing dinghy. The two crew work on different roles with the helm making many tactical decisions, as well as steering, and the crew doing most of the sail control. Both of the crew are equipped with their own trapeze and sailing is done while cantilevered over the water to the fullest extent to balance against the sails.

The 49er was designed by Julian Bethwaite (the son of Frank Bethwaite) and developed by a consortium consisting of Bethwaites, Performance Sailcraft Japan, Peter Johnston, and Ovington boats. The boat has been an Olympic class since it was selected by the International Sailing Federation to be the men's high performance double handed dinghy Sydney Summer Games of 2000. Its derivative featuring a re-designed rig, the 49er FX, was selected by World Sailing to be the women's high performance double-hander at the Rio Summer Olympics of 2016.
Tahir ibn Abdallah
Tahir ibn 'Abdallah (died 862) was the Tahirid governor of Khurasan from 845 until 862. He was the governor for seventeen years under Abbasid caliph al-Wathiq, al-Mutawakkil and al-Muntasir.

During his father 'Abdallah's lifetime, Tahir was sent into the steppes to the north in order to keep the Oghuz Turks in line; he probably received Samanid assistance in this venture.  When 'Abdallah died in 844, the Caliph al-Wathiq originally appointed another Tahirid, Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Mus'abi, as his successor in Khurasan, but then reversed this decision and confirmed Tahir as governor.

Little is known about Tahir's rule, although there was unrest in some of the outlying provinces. Sistan, for example, was lost to the Tahirids when the 'ayyar leader Salih ibn al-Nadr drove out Tahir's governor and took power there himself. Tahir died in 862; his will stated that his young son Muhammad should succeed him as governor, and this was honored by the caliph.

Abbasid dynasty
The Abbasid dynasty, or Abbasids, (Arabic: بنو العباس, romanized: Banu al-ʿAbbās) was an Arab dynasty that ruled the third Islamic caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided into three main periods: Early Abbasid era (750–861), Middle Abbasid era (861–936) and Later Abbasid era (936–1258). A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate (1261–1517) until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire.
Under the Knife (Gotham)
"Under the Knife" is the twentieth episode of the television series Gotham. It premiered on FOX on April 20, 2015 and was written by John Stephens, and directed by TJ Scott. In this episode, Gordon (Ben McKenzie) and Bullock (Donal Logue) continue to track down The Ogre. Meanwhile, Bruce (David Mazouz) digs deeper into Wayne Enterprises' corrupt board and Nygma (Cory Michael Smith) makes an unexpected move.

The episode was watched by 4.44 million viewers and received positive reviews for The Ogre's and Bruce's storyline.

T. J. Scott
T. J. Scott is a Canadian film and television director, screenwriter, producer, and former stuntman and actor. He is primarily known for his work directing popular television series such as Orphan Black, Xena: Warrior Princess, Gotham, Star Trek: Discovery, Longmire, 12 Monkeys, The Strain, and Spartacus.

Scott has won accolades for his directing work. In 2010, he received a Gemini Award nomination for directing the Discovery Channel made-for-television film Deadliest Sea. In 2015, for his work on Orphan Black, he won a Canadian Screen Award for Best Direction in a Dramatic Series. In 2019, he was nominated for another Canadian Screen Award, this time for Best Direction in a Dramatic Program or Limited Series, for directing the CBC miniseries Caught. In 2022, as one of the executive producers of the Global TV/Peacock series Departure (on which he was also the sole director), Scott received a nomination for the Canadian Screen Award for Best Dramatic Series.
Mimi Fawaz
Mimi Fawaz is a Nigerian-Lebanese sports journalist, show host and presenter who currently works as a sports presenter on Focus on Africa, a BBC news programme broadcast on BBC World News alongside BBC Africa and BBC Sports. She has worked for CNN, ESPN and ITV Television networks. In January 2017, she hosted the 2016 GLO-CAF Awards alongside Nigerian actor Richard Mofe-Damijo.

Sports journalism
Sports journalism is a form of writing that reports on sporting topics and competitions.

The appetite for sports resulted in sports-only media such as Sports Illustrated and ESPN. There are many different forms of sports journalism, ranging from play-by-play and game recaps to analysis and investigative journalism on important developments in the sport. Technology and the internet age has massively changed the sports journalism space as it is struggling with the same problems that the broader category of print journalism is struggling with, mainly not being able to cover costs due to falling subscriptions. New forms of internet blogging and tweeting in the current millennium have pushed the boundaries of sports journalism.
Lavanya Rajamani
Lavanya Rajamani (born 1973) is an Indian lawyer, author and professor whose area of expertise is international climate change law, environmental law, and policy. She is currently a professor of International Environmental Law at the Faculty of Law, University of Oxford, a Yamani Fellow in Public International Law at St Peter's College, Oxford, and a visiting professor at the Centre for Policy Research  in New Delhi.

She was the first Rhodes Scholar of National Law School of India University and is the youngest Indian academic to be invited to offer a course in public international law at the Hague Academy of International Law in the Netherlands.

Faculty of Law, University of Oxford
The Faculty of Law is the law school at the Social Sciences Division at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, United Kingdom. The school has a history of over 800 years in the teaching and learning of law.

Along with its counterpart at Cambridge, it is unique in its use of personalised tutorials, in which students are taught by faculty fellows in groups of one to three on a weekly basis, as the main form of instruction in its undergraduate and graduate courses. It offers the largest doctoral programme in Law in the English-speaking world.
Eron Falbo
Eron Falbo is a Brazilian singer-songwriter and musician who has traveled and played internationally. He lived part of his childhood in the United States and also spent time studying in Switzerland before living in Paris, Buenos Aires, London, and most recently Budapest. He began his career in music as a DJ and also played guitar and sang in a cover band, performing shows on cruises.

Falbo traveled to the United States in 2009 and later contacted Bob Johnston to produce an album for him. Johnston agreed and produced Falbo's 2013 album 73. The first batch of songs on the album were recorded in Nashville with a band assembled by Johnston including drummer Paul Leim, bassist David Hungate, guitarist Kerry Marx and pianist Shane Keister. Falbo then traveled to London where he recorded the remainder of the album at Konk Studios. When asked about producing the album for Falbo, Johnston stated, "The people I choose are destined for greatness and Eron Falbo is unique in our generation."

David Hungate
David Hungate (born August 5, 1948) is an American retired bassist noted as a member of the Los Angeles pop-rock band Toto from 1976 to 1982 and again from 2014 to 2015, and the son of judge William L. Hungate. Along with most of his Toto bandmates, Hungate did sessions on a number of hit albums of the 1970s, including Boz Scaggs's Silk Degrees album and Alice Cooper's From the Inside album.
Shital Pati
Shitalpati (Bengali: শীতল পাটি also called sital pati or sittal pati is a kind of mat which feels cold by nature. It is made from murta plants (Schumannianthus dichotomus). It is usually used in Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. Mats with decorative designs are called nakshi pati.

Sitalpati are made from cane or from murta plants, known in different places as mostak, patipata, patibet and paitara. The murta plant grows around water bodies in Sylhet, Sunamganj, Barisal, Tangail, Comilla, Noakhali, Feni and Chittagong. Nakshi pati made of murta plants is available only in Sylhet and Noakhali districts of Bangladesh. In India, Sitalpati is made in the northern Cooch Behar district of the state of West Bengal. Among the areas of Cooch Behar where Sitalpatis are woven, Sagareswar, Ghugumari and Pashnadanga are important centres.

Comilla
Comilla (Bengali: কুমিল্লা), officially spelled Cumilla, is a metropolis on the banks of the Gumti River in eastern Bangladesh. Comilla was one of the cities of ancient Bengal. It was once the capital of Tripura kingdom. Comilla Airport is located in the Dulipara area of Comilla city Although it is currently replaced with Comilla Export Processing Zone (EPZ). Comilla City is a division centered city district with surrounding districts coming to Comilla in more diverse areas of work. Bibir Bazar land port is located 5 km away from Comilla city. The area of Comilla City Corporation is 53.04 square kilometers, so the surrounding areas of the main city fall under the jurisdiction of the City Corporation. The urban areas falling outside the Comilla City Corporation are considered suburbs, forming part of the metro area, which was estimated at 691,000 in 2025- a 2.98% increase from 2024.
Toni Wiedemann
Anton Wiedemann (December 30, 1911 – November 6, 1953) was a German ice hockey player who competed for the German national team at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. He played club hockey for EV Füssen.

Germany men's national ice hockey team
The German men's national ice hockey team is the national ice hockey team of Germany and is controlled by the German Ice Hockey Federation. It first participated in serious international competition at the 1911 European Hockey Championship. When Germany was split after World War II, a separate East Germany national ice hockey team existed until 1990. By 1991, the West and East German teams and players were merged into the United German team. The team's head coach is Harold Kreis.

Germany has won several medals at the World Championships, including three silver medals in 1930, 1953 and 2023, as well as a silver medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics, the team's biggest success in the 21st century.
Kamieński
Kamieński (feminine: Kamieńska) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anna Kamieńska (1920–1986), Polish poet, writer, translator and literary critic

Anna Kamieńska-Łapińska (1932–2007), Polish sculptor and animated-film scenarist.

Antoni Kamieński (1860–1933), Polish painter, illustrator and engraver

Franciszek Kamieński (1851–1912), Polish botanist

Henryk Ignacy Kamieński (1777–1831), Polish brigadier general

Henryk Michał Kamieński (1813–1865), Polish philosopher

Kazimierz Kamieński (1919–1953), officer of the Polish Army

Maciej Kamieński (1734–1821), Polish classical composer

Henryk Michał Kamieński
Henryk Michał Kamieński (1813–1865) was a Polish philosopher. He was a leader in the Polish irridentist circles. Early in his life he partook in the November Uprising. After the amnesty he worked on philosophical and economic work. He became affiliated with the Polish emigréé circles and the Polish Democratic Society. He was arrested in 1845 and sent to work in Siberia for 5 years. After his release he went to work in Switzerland. He is associated with his cousin Edward Dembowski. His democratic philosophy influenced important Polish statesmen Józef Piłsudski and Roman Dmowski.
Retina (or More Fun Than a Vat of Love)
Retina (or More Fun Than a Vat of Love) is a ten-track album by Scottish orchestral rock band How to Swim. Produced by Gavin Thomson and the band's own Ink Wilson, the record was released on 4 October 2010 through Personal Hygiene Records.

Guest musicians include saxophonist Tom Brogan from Glasgow band The Low Miffs as well as Kimberley Moore, vocalist with Zoey Van Goey, who takes lead vocals on the track "False".

The record is the first full-length How to Swim release to not be a compilation of earlier EPs or singles.

Zoey Van Goey
Zoey Van Goey were an indie pop band from Glasgow, Scotland, made up of Matt Brennan, Michael John McCarthy, Kim Moore and Adam Scott.

Brennan, McCarthy and Moore, hailing from Canada, Ireland and England respectively, formed the initial trio in Glasgow in 2006, with Scott becoming a full-fledged member in 2010. The band stopped performing in 2012.

The band's debut single, "Foxtrot Vandals," was produced by Belle and Sebastian frontman Stuart Murdoch, and released on seven-inch vinyl in 2007. Their second single, "Sweethearts in Disguise," was produced by Paul Savage of The Delgados and released in 2008.

Their debut album, The Cage Was Unlocked All Along, was initially self-released on 1000 CD copies in 2009 and quickly sold out; it was then re-released by Chemikal Underground Records. Their second album, Propeller Versus Wings, was released on Chemikal Underground in 2011.
Kōdō Sawaki
Kodo Sawaki (沢木 興道, Sawaki Kōdō; June 16, 1880 – December 21, 1965) was a prominent Japanese Sōtō Zen teacher of the 20th century. He is considered to be one of the most significant Zen priests of his time for bringing Zen practice, in particular meditation, into the lives of laypeople and popularizing the ancient tradition of sewing the kesa.

Dharma transmission
In Chan and Zen Buddhism, dharma transmission is a custom in which a person is established as a "successor in an unbroken lineage of teachers and disciples, a spiritual 'bloodline' (kechimyaku) theoretically traced back to the Buddha himself." The dharma lineage reflects the importance of family-structures in ancient China, and forms a symbolic and ritual recreation of this system for the monastic "family".

In Rinzai-Zen, inka shōmei (印可証明) is ideally "the formal recognition of Zen's deepest realisation", but practically it is being used for the transmission of the "true lineage" of the masters (shike) of the training halls. There are only about fifty to eighty of such inka shōmei-bearers in Japan.

In Sōtō-Zen, dharma transmission is referred to as shiho, and further training is required to become an oshō.