hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Athletic nickname
The athletic nickname, or equivalently athletic moniker, of a university or college within the United States and Canada is the name officially adopted by that institution for at least the members of its athletic teams.  Typically as a matter of engendering school spirit, the institution either officially or unofficially uses this moniker of the institution's athletic teams also as a nickname to refer to people associated with the institution, especially its current students, but also often its alumni, its faculty, and its administration as well.  This practice at the university and college tertiary higher-education level has proven so popular that it extended to the high school secondary-education level in the United States and Canada and even to the primary-education level as well.

School spirit
In United States education, school spirit is the sense of identity and community shared by the members of an educational institution. School administrators may wish to foster school spirit with the goal of creating a sense of community within the student population, mitigating feelings of student detachment and anonymity. School spirit is often expressed by cheering on school affiliated sports teams, clubs, or individual students in extracurricular activities. It is said to correlate with higher self esteem and greater school performance.

Schools may hold spirit week events, during which members of a school are encouraged to display school spirit by wearing school colors, attending athletic events, or performing chants or songs. School spirit was captured and critiqued in US pop culture through songs such as the Beach Boys' "Be True to Your School" and films with a coming of age story such as Fast Times at Ridgemont High.
2008 Bank of the West Classic – Doubles
The defending champions lost separately in the first round. Sania Mirza partnered with Anna Chakvetadze and lost to Eva Hrdinová and Vladimíra Uhlířová. Shahar Pe'er teamed with Gisela Dulko to lose to Ayumi Morita and Ai Sugiyama.

Cara Black and Liezel Huber won the final 6–4, 6–3, over Elena Vesnina and Vera Zvonareva.

Shahar Pe'er
Shahar Pe'er  (Hebrew: שחר פאר, pronounced [ˈʃaχaʁ peˈʔeʁ]; born (1987-05-01)1 May 1987) is an Israeli retired tennis player.

Pe'er won five singles and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, as well as four singles and three doubles titles on the ITF circuit in her career. She reached her best singles ranking of world number 11, the highest of any Israeli tennis player in history, in January 2011. She peaked at number 14 in the doubles rankings in May 2008.

Pe'er is widely regarded as the most successful Israeli female tennis player in history, having twice reached a Grand Slam quarterfinal in singles and appeared in the doubles final of the 2008 Australian Open, with Victoria Azarenka of Belarus. She won her first senior national title at the age of 14, and won the Junior Girls’ Australian Open title when she was 16.

Playing for Israel at the Fed Cup, Pe'er has a win–loss record of 39–28. She also represented Israel in two Olympics.
Kanbe Domain
Kanbe Domain (神戸藩, Kanbe-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Ise Province in what is part of now modern-day Suzuka, Mie. It was centered around Kanbe Castle. Kanbe Domain was controlled by fudai daimyō clans throughout most its history.

Kawachi Province
Kawachi Province (河内国, Kawachi no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [kaꜜ.wa.tɕi (no kɯ.ɲi)], locally [ka.wa.tɕiꜜ]) was a province of Japan in the eastern part of modern Osaka Prefecture. It originally held the southwestern area that was split off into Izumi Province. It was also known as Kashū (河州).
Gabriel Poole
Gabriel Poole (1934–2020) was an internationally recognised Australian architect, known for lightweight designs that are site and climate responsive. His ‘Tent House’ in Eumundi won the Royal Australian Institute of Architects (RAIA) Queensland Innovation Award, the Robin Dods Award and the RAIA National Robin Boyd Award in 1991. In 1998 Poole was awarded the nation's highest architectural award, the RAIA Gold Medal, for his lifetime contribution to Australian architecture. He was also an advocate of housing affordability, creating low-cost, pre-fabricated designs.

Australian Institute of Architects
The Australian Institute of Architects, officially the Royal Australian Institute of Architects (abbreviated as RAIA), is Australia's professional body for architects. Its members use the post-nominals FRAIA (Fellow), ARAIA (Associate Member) and RAIA (Member, also the organisation's abbreviation). The Institute supports 14,000 members across Australia, including 550 Australian members who are based in architectural roles across 40 countries outside Australia. SONA (Student Organised Network for Architecture) is the national student-membership body of the Australian Institute of Architects. EmAGN (Emerging Architects and Graduates Network) represents architectural professionals within 15 years of graduation, as part of the Australian Institute of Architects.
Privatization fund
A Privatization fund is a state-owned trust (business) holding formerly state owned enterprises and assets destined to be privatized, to be sold to private owners.

Notable privatization funds include:

the East-German Treuhandanstalt

the Czech První Privatizacni Fond (PPF)

the Croatian Privatization Fund (CPF)

the Hellenic Republic Asset Development Fund (HRADF)

the Hungarian State Privatization Agency (Állami Vagyonügynökség)

the Philippine Asset Privatization Trust (APF)

Privatization in Croatia
Privatization in Croatia refers to political and economic reforms which include the privatization of state-owned assets in Croatia. Privatization started in the late 1980s under Yugoslav Prime Minister Ante Marković and mostly took place in the 1990s after the breakup of Yugoslavia, during the presidency of Franjo Tuđman and the rule of his party Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ), and continued in the 2000s with the privatization of large state enterprises. Many aspects of the privatization process are still seen as controversial as the political and economic turmoil, coupled with the events of the simultaneous 1991–95 independence war, are thought to have led to a degree of criminal activity.
Gorzów Wielkopolski
Gorzów Wielkopolski (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡɔʐuv vjɛlkɔˈpɔlskʲi] ⓘ), often abbreviated to Gorzów Wlkp. or simply Gorzów (formerly Landsberg an der Warthe), is a city in western Poland, located on the Warta River. It is one of the two principal cities and seats of the Lubusz Voivodeship, with a population of 114,567 as of 30 June 2024.

The city has a history dating back to the 13th century and serves as a cultural, economic, and industrial hub in the region. Gorzów Wielkopolski is home to several historical landmarks, green spaces, and educational institutions, and is known for its strong tradition in speedway racing.

Around Gorzów, there are two large forest areas: Gorzów Woods to the north, where the Barlinek-Gorzów Landscape Park is situated, and Noteć Woods to the southeast. The biggest oil fields in Poland are located near Gorzów.

Timeline of Polish history
This is a timeline of Polish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Poland and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Poland. See also the list of Polish monarchs and list of prime ministers of Poland.
Pimpingos District
Pimpingos District is one of fifteen districts of the Cutervo Province in the Cajamarca Region in Peru. It was created on 22 October 1910 by Law No. 1296. It is one of the oldest districts of the province.

Districts of Peru
The districts of Peru (Spanish: distritos) are the third-level country subdivisions of Peru. They are subdivisions of the provinces, which in turn are subdivisions of the larger regions or departments. There are 1,838 districts in total.
Joseph Allegranza
Joseph Allegranza (Italian: Giuseppe; 16 October 1715 in Milan, Duchy of Milan – 18 December 1785 in Milan), pen name sometimes Rosario Maria Eulabio, was a Dominican historian, archaeologist and antiquary known for cataloguing the collection of Count Carlo Pertusati, now the Biblioteca di Brera.

Biblioteca di Brera
The Biblioteca Nazionale Braidense or Braidense National Library, usually known as the Biblioteca di Brera, is a public library in Milan, in northern Italy. It is one of the largest libraries in Italy. Initially, it contained large historical and scientific collections before it was charged with the legal deposit of all publications from Milan. Since 1880, it has had the status of a national library and is today one of the 47 Italian State libraries.
Postage stamps and postal history of Bangladesh
Bangladesh first issued its own postage stamps during the Bangladesh Liberation War from Mujibnagar on 29 July 1971.

Later, upon gaining independence in 1971 more stumps were published. A set of eight stamps, with various motifs including a map of the country, were issued.

Shortly after, stamps in eight values were overprinted "Bangladesh Liberated" in both English and Bengali were prepared in the United Kingdom, but only three values were issued in Bangladesh.

Stanley Gibbons
The Stanley Gibbons Group plc is a company quoted on the London Stock Exchange specialising in the retailing of collectable postage stamps and similar products. The group is incorporated in London. The company is a major stamp dealer and philatelic publisher. The company's philatelic subsidiary, Stanley Gibbons Limited, had a royal warrant of appointment from Queen Elizabeth II.
Alex Albistegi
Alexander "Alex" Albistegi Revilla (born 1 July 1987) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a central midfielder. He is currently manager of Segunda Federación club Burgos CF Promesas.

He all but spent his 17-year senior career in the Segunda División B, in service of nine clubs. His Segunda División input consisted of 14 matches, one with Real Sociedad and 13 with Reus.

Segunda Federación
Segunda Federación, previously called Segunda RFEF, also officially known as Segunda B, is the fourth tier of the Spanish football league system containing 90 teams divided into five groups. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is the second tier outside the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga 2), being behind Primera Federación and above Tercera Federación. The division also includes the reserve teams of a number of La Liga and La Liga 2 teams.
F-22 (drug)
F-22, also known as 6-(2-aminopropyl)-2,2-dimethyl-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran or as benzofuran-2,2-dimethyl-5-methoxy-6-(2-aminopropane), is a chemical compound of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and benzofuran families. It is the derivative of 6-APDB with two methyl groups at the 2 position and a methoxy group at the 5 position of the benzofuran ring system.

Ring (chemistry)
In chemistry, a ring is an ambiguous term referring either to a simple cycle of atoms and bonds in a molecule or to a connected set of atoms and bonds in which every atom and bond is a member of a cycle (also called a ring system). A ring system that is a simple cycle is called a monocycle or simple ring, and one that is not a simple cycle is called a polycycle or polycyclic ring system. A simple ring contains the same number of sigma bonds as atoms, and a polycyclic ring system contains more sigma bonds than atoms.

A molecule containing one or more rings is called a cyclic compound, and a molecule containing two or more rings (either in the same or different ring systems) is termed a polycyclic compound. A molecule containing no rings is called an acyclic or open-chain compound.
Red chlorophyll catabolite reductase
In molecular biology, the red chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCC reductase) family of proteins consists of several red chlorophyll catabolite reductase (RCC reductase) proteins. Red chlorophyll catabolite (RCC) reductase (RCCR) and pheophorbide (Pheide) a oxygenase (PaO) catalyse the key reaction of chlorophyll catabolism, porphyrin macrocycle cleavage of Pheide a to a primary fluorescent catabolite (pFCC).

Oxidoreductase
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually utilizes NADP+ or NAD+ as cofactors. Transmembrane oxidoreductases create electron transport chains in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria, including respiratory complexes I, II and III. Some others can associate with biological membranes as peripheral membrane proteins or be anchored to the membranes through a single transmembrane helix.
+ Crataegomespilus
+ Crataegomespilus is the generic name applied to graft-chimeras between the genera Crataegus and Mespilus. It should not be confused with × Crataemespilus, which is applied to sexual hybrids between those genera, nor with Chamaemespilus which is a segregate genus or subgenus of Sorbus.

Sorbus
Sorbus is a genus of over 100 species of trees and shrubs in the rose family, Rosaceae. Species of Sorbus (s.str.) are commonly known as rowan or mountain-ash. The genus used to include species commonly known as whitebeam, chequer tree and service tree that are now classified in other genera (see below). The genus Sorbus, as currently circumscribed, includes only the pinnate leaved species of former subgenus Sorbus.

Sorbus is not closely related to the true ash trees which belong to the genus Fraxinus, although the leaves are superficially similar.
Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland
Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland PC (c. 1610 – 20 September 1643) was an English writer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1642. He fought on the Royalist side in the English Civil War and was killed in action at the First Battle of Newbury.

Root and Branch petition
The Root and Branch Petition was a petition presented to the Long Parliament on 11 December 1640.  The petition had been signed by 15,000 Londoners and was presented to the English Parliament by a crowd of 1,500. The petition called on Parliament to abolish episcopacy from the 'roots' and in all its 'branches'.
Mervyn Morris
Mervyn Eustace Morris OM (born 21 February 1937) is a poet, writer, editor and professor emeritus at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. His poetry is well respected throughout the Caribbean, which has consistently ranked him among the top West Indian poets. He was also one of the first academics to espouse the importance of nation language in helping to define in verse important aspects of Jamaican culture." Morris was Poet Laureate of Jamaica from 2014 to 2017.

Carcanet Press
Carcanet Press is a publisher, primarily of poetry, based in the United Kingdom. Originally a student magazine devised by undergraduates collaborating between Oxford and Cambridge, it was refounded in 1969 by Michael Schmidt.

In 2000 it was named the Sunday Times millennium Small Publisher of the Year.
Catharsis (Fola album)
Catharsis (stylized in all lowercase) is the debut studio album by Nigerian singer-songwriter FOLA. It was released on 4 September 2025 by Dangbana Republik, and Empire. The studio album production credit are: L.O.L., Sbthaproducer, Shallythechampion, Kel-P, KTIZO Hoodini, Chuma Nwokike, Harrison Song, Adam Fritzle, Josh Milligan, Damie, Jhay2unez, and Promise.

Fola (singer)
Folarin Odunlami (born April 26, 1999), known professionally as Fola (stylised in all caps as FOLA), is a Nigerian singer-songwriter. He rose to fame in 2022 following the release of his song "Ginger Me", featuring Bella Shmurda was met with critical acclaim. He signed with Dangbana Republik and released his debut extended play, what a feeling (2024).
Darbyshire
Darbyshire is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfred Darbyshire (1839–1908), English architect

Ann Darbyshire (1926–2007), Canadian print-maker

Beatrice Darbyshire (1901–1988), Australian artist

Carolyn Darbyshire (aka Carolyn Darbyshire-McRorie and Carolyn McRorie) (born 1963), Canadian curler

George Christian Darbyshire (1820–1898), English and Australian civil engineer

Janet Darbyshire (born ?), British epidemiologist and science administrator

Maureen Darbyshire (born ?), English actress

Michael Darbyshire (c. 1917–1979), British television actor

Richard Darbyshire (1960–2025), English singer and songwriter

Russell Darbyshire (1880–1948), British Anglican priest

Sam Darbyshire (born 1989), British television actor

Thomas Darbyshire (1518–1604), English churchman and Jesuit

Thomas Darbyshire, birth name of Tommy Cannon (born 1938), English actor and comedian

Sam Darbyshire
Sam Darbyshire (born 26 March 1989) is an English television actor best known for his role as Jamie "Fletch" Fletcher on the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks. He has also appeared in several advertisements and had a small role in Coronation Street. He was a member of a local youth theatre group in Wigan, Willpower Youth Theatre, near his childhood home in Standish, Greater Manchester. In his final year of secondary school, Darbyshire was involved in a production of the musical Grease.

Darbyshire attended Winstanley College.
Mungret
Mungret (Irish: Mungairit) is a village and civil parish in County Limerick, Ireland. It is 6 km south-west of Limerick city centre, on the N69 road. As of the 2016 census, the village had a population of 277 people.

The local church, which is dedicated to Saint Oliver Plunkett, was built in 1981; and is in the parish of Mungret, Crecora and Raheen within the Roman Catholic Diocese of Limerick. The local Gaelic Athletic Association club is Mungret St. Paul's.

County Limerick
County Limerick (Irish: Contae Luimnigh) is a western county in Ireland. It is in the province of Munster and is located in the Mid-West which comprises part of the Southern Region. It is named after the city of Limerick. Limerick City and County Council is the local council for the county. The county's population at the 2022 census was 209,536 of whom 102,287 lived in Limerick City, the county capital.
Arnaut Vidal de Castelnou d'Ari
Arnaut Vidal de Castelnou d'Ari (Occitan pronunciation: [aɾˈnaw biˈðal ðe kasˌtelˈnɔw ˈðaɾi]; fl. 1305–1324) was a medieval Occitan author from Castelnaudary.

Arnaut was a troubadour and the first poet laureate of the Consistori del Gay Saber. Arnaut's poem in praise of the Virgin Mary was adjudged the best by the Consistori at a contest held on Holy Cross Day 1324 at Toulouse and the troubadour was awarded the violeta d'or (golden violet). He received the flor de gaug d'argen fi (fine marigold in silver) as the first prize for a dansa at the festa de Santa Crotz on 3 May 1324.

He was also the author of the chivalric romance Guilhem de la Barra (1318), of which Paul Meyer produced the editio princeps (first modern critical edition). A new (French) edition has since been produced.

Old Occitan
Old Occitan (Modern Occitan: occitan ancian, Catalan: occità antic), also called Old Provençal, was the earliest form of the Occitano-Romance languages, as attested in writings dating from the 8th to the 14th centuries. Old Occitan generally includes Early and Old Occitan. Middle Occitan is sometimes included in Old Occitan, sometimes in Modern Occitan. As the term occitanus appeared around the year 1300, Old Occitan is referred to as "Romance" (Occitan: romans) or "Provençal" (Occitan: proensals) in medieval texts.
Polyglycerol polyricinoleate
Polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR), E476, is an emulsifier made from glycerol and fatty acids (usually from castor bean, but also from soybean oil). In chocolate, compound chocolate and similar coatings, PGPR is mainly used with another substance like lecithin to reduce viscosity. It is used at low levels (below 0.5%), and works by decreasing the friction between the solid particles (e.g. cacao, sugar, milk) in molten chocolate, reducing the yield stress so that it flows more easily, approaching the behaviour of a Newtonian fluid. It can also be used as an emulsifier in spreads and in salad dressings, or to improve the texture of baked goods. It is made up of a short chain of glycerol molecules connected by ether bonds, with ricinoleic acid side chains connected by ester bonds.

PGPR is a yellowish, viscous liquid, and is strongly lipophilic: it is soluble in fats and oils and insoluble in water and ethanol.

Lipophilicity
Lipophilicity (from Greek λίπος "fat" and φίλος "friendly") is the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids, and non-polar solvents such as hexane or toluene. Such compounds are called lipophilic (translated as "fat-loving" or "fat-liking"). Such non-polar solvents are themselves lipophilic, and the adage "like dissolves like" generally holds true. Thus lipophilic substances tend to dissolve in other lipophilic substances, whereas hydrophilic ("water-loving") substances tend to dissolve in water and other hydrophilic substances.

Lipophilicity, hydrophobicity, and non-polarity may describe the same tendency towards participation in the London dispersion force, as the terms are often used interchangeably. However, the terms "lipophilic" and "hydrophobic" are not synonymous, as can be seen with silicones and fluorocarbons, which are hydrophobic but not lipophilic.
The Art of Yoga Project
The Art of Yoga Project's (AYP) mission is to bring mindfulness-based practices to system-involved and other marginalized youth for their healing and empowerment.

The Art of Yoga Project recognizes that youth face the stress of inequity, injustice, and trauma - early and ongoing. They understand that youth require a predictable, safe, supportive environment to heal. Their model includes specially trained trauma-informed teachers who bring tools for self-awareness and self-regulation to move youth from vulnerability into resilience.

They are leaders in the movement to ensure mindfulness-based practices are accessible to all creating innovation collaborations within systems that serve youth. The program was founded in 2002 by yoga teacher and nurse practitioner Mary Lynn Fitton, and it became a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in 2005.

Nurse practitioner
A nurse practitioner (NP) is an advanced practice registered nurse and a type of mid-level practitioner. NPs are trained to assess patient needs, order and interpret diagnostic and laboratory tests, diagnose disease, prescribe medications and formulate treatment plans. NP training covers basic disease prevention, coordination of care, and health promotion.
John Martin (rugby league)
John Martin (born 1 May 1948) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. He signed for his hometown club, Halifax, in 1967 as a nineteen-year-old from Siddal ARLFC, and played a total of 262 games until his transfer to Keighley in 1980.

Career highlights include winning the Halifax RLFC Player of the Year award in seasons 1974–75 and 1977–78, being awarded of the James Harrison Trophy (fairest and most loyal player in Yorkshire) in 1977.

Siddal A.R.L.F.C.
Siddal are an amateur rugby league football club from Halifax, West Yorkshire. The club currently competes in the NCRL National Premier League. The club also operates a number of academy teams. The club is notable as being the first competitive opponents of Canadian professional club, Toronto Wolfpack, to whom they narrowly lost 14–6 in a match streamed worldwide on the BBC Sports website.