hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Samson Press
The Samson Press was a small letterpress printing business or private press run by Joan Mary Shelmerdine (1899–1994) and Flora Margaret Grierson (1899–1966). In its early years it was known for producing small editions of literary works with high quality artwork, and later for the production of greetings cards and ephemera to the same high standards.

Printing
Printing is a process for mass reproducing text and images using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include cylinder seals and objects such as the Cyrus Cylinder and the Cylinders of Nabonidus. The earliest known form of printing evolved from ink rubbings made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using woodblock printing) appeared later that century. Later developments in printing technology include the movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.
Manmodi Caves
The Manmodi Caves are a complex of a rock-cut caves about 3 km to the south of the city of Junnar in India. Other caves surrounding the city of Junnar are: Tulja Caves, Shivneri Caves and Lenyadri caves.

It is thought that the caves were positioned on natural trade routes, formed by passes leading from the coast to the basaltic plateau of the Western Ghats. One of the caves in Manmodi has an epigraph mentioning the Western Satrap Nahapana bearing the title of Mahakshatrapa (Great Satrap).

Satrap
A satrap (/ˈsætrəp/) was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Persian (Achaemenid) Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. A satrapy is the territory governed by a satrap.

A satrap served as a viceroy to the king, though with considerable autonomy. The word came to suggest tyranny or ostentatious splendour, and its modern usage is a pejorative and refers to any subordinate or local ruler, usually with unfavourable connotations of corruption.
Alkadar
Alkadar (Russian: Алкадар; Lezgian: Алкьвадар) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Alkadarsky Selsoviet, Suleyman-Stalsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population:  970 (2010 Census); 971 (2002 Census); 546 (1989 Soviet census). There are 36 streets.

Suleyman-Stalsky District
Suleyman-Stalsky District (Russian: Сулейма́н-Ста́льский райо́н; Lezgian: СтӀал Сулейманан район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 666.3 square kilometers (257.3 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kasumkent. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 58,835, with the population of Kasumkent accounting for 22.5% of that number.
Tamera Young
Tamera "Ty" Young (born October 30, 1986) is an American former basketball player and assistant coach with the Chicago Sky. After playing collegiately for James Madison University, Young was drafted by the Atlanta Dream with the 8th overall pick of the 2008 WNBA draft. She was traded to the Chicago Sky, and helped them to the WNBA Finals in 2014, then came back to Atlanta, and was traded to the Aces in 2018.

James Madison Dukes women's basketball
The James Madison Dukes women's basketball team is the basketball team that represents James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Sun Belt Conference after previously playing in the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA). The Dukes are led by ninth-year head coach Sean O'Regan.

The Dukes have appeared in the NCAA Division I tournament thirteen times, most recently in 2023. Including Women's National Invitation Tournament (WNIT) berths, the Dukes played in a post-season tournament each season from 2006 through 2019.
Municipality of Lidcombe
The Municipality of Lidcombe was a local government area in the Western region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The municipality was proclaimed as the Borough of Rookwood on 8 December 1891 and was renamed to the Municipality of Lidcombe, a portmanteau of two mayor's names, in order to differentiate itself from the expanding necropolis, from 15 October 1913. It included the modern suburbs of Rookwood, Lidcombe, Homebush Bay (now Sydney Olympic Park and Wentworth Point), Berala and parts of Newington, Silverwater, Homebush West and Regents Park. From 1 January 1949, the council was amalgamated into the Municipality of Auburn, with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948.

Newington, New South Wales
Newington is a western suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 16 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of City of Parramatta.

Newington is 2 km west of Wentworth Point, on the Parramatta River, and 1 km north-west of Sydney Olympic Park. It is best known as the location of the Athletes Village for the 2000 Summer Olympics and 2000 Summer Paralympics.  The Athlete's Village was converted to residential apartments after the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. Other apartments and free-standing houses have also been built since. A reserve opposite Newington Marketplace memorial features a complete roster of the Australian team at the 2000 Summer Olympics and 2000 Summer Paralympics.
Hook-up
Hook-up has several meanings:

Making a connection between components in a system
An electrical connector
A connection to water, sewer, or electrical utilities at a campsite

Meet up, or making a connection between people
Slang term for courtship, especially of short duration
A one-night stand
Casual relationship or casual sex
Hookup culture

In urban slang, a discount

In urban slang, a drug dealer

Casual sex
Casual sex is sexual activity that is an alternative to a romantic relationship and implies an absence of commitment, emotional attachment, or familiarity between sexual partners. Examples are sexual activity while casually dating, one-night stands, prostitution or swinging and friends with benefits relationships.
1965 Philippine presidential election
The 1965 Philippine presidential and vice presidential elections were held on November 9, 1965. Incumbent President Diosdado Macapagal lost his opportunity to get a second full term as president of the Philippines to Senate President Ferdinand Marcos. His running mate, Senator Gerardo Roxas, lost to former vice president Fernando Lopez. Emmanuel Pelaez, who resigned in the Cabinet and from the Liberal Party, then sought the Nacionalista Party presidential nomination and lost it to Marcos, did not run for vice president and instead ran for the Misamis Oriental seat in the House of Representatives as an independent. An unprecedented twelve candidates ran for president; however, nine of those each garnered less than 200 votes.

This was the first election where all of the major presidential candidates were born after the end of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.

Fernando Lopez
Fernando "Nanding" Hofileña Lopez Sr. KGCR (April 13, 1904 – May 26, 1993) was a Filipino statesman. A member of the influential López family of Iloilo, he served as vice president of the Philippines under Presidents Elpidio Quirino from 1949 to 1953 under the Liberal Party and Ferdinand Marcos from 1965 to 1972, under the Nacionalista Party. He was also the chairman of ABS-CBN Corporation from 1986 to his death in 1993.
France at the 2024 Summer Olympics
France was the host nation of the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. France is one of five countries to have appeared in every Summer Olympic Games of the modern era, alongside Australia, Great Britain, Greece, and Switzerland. There were 573 athletes that competed at this edition, becoming the nation's largest delegation since the 1900 Olympics, which were also held in Paris. They won 64 medals, including 16 gold medals. As a result, France finished fifth in the medal table, marking their first top-five finish since the 1996 Summer Olympics.

Two days before the opening ceremony, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that the French Alps would host the 2030 Winter Olympics, returning the Winter Olympics to its birthplace after 38 years. The opening ceremony will take place on 1 February 2030.

French Alps
The French Alps are the portions of the Alps mountain range that stand within France, located in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regions. While some of the ranges of the French Alps are entirely in France, others, such as the Mont Blanc massif, are shared with Switzerland and Italy.

At 4,808 metres (15,774 ft), Mont Blanc, on the France–Italy border, is the highest mountain in the Alps, and the highest Western European mountain.

Notable towns in the French Alps include Grenoble, Chamonix, Annecy, Chambéry, Évian-les-Bains and Albertville.

The French Alps  will be the fourth location in France to host the Winter Olympics in 2030, following those held in Albertville in 1992, Grenoble in 1968, and the very first in Chamonix in 1924.
Shergold
Shergold Guitars, or Shergold Woodcrafts Limited, is an English guitar manufacturing company established in October 1967 by former Burns London employees Jack Golder and Norman Houlder. Based in East London, the company moved from Forest Gate to Harold Wood in 1973.

Shergold Guitars is currently a subsidiary of Barnes & Mullins since it was acquired in 2015.

Guitar manufacturing
Guitar manufacturing is the use of machines, tools, and labor in the production of electric and acoustic guitars. This phrase may be in reference to handcrafting guitars using traditional methods or assembly line production in large quantities using modern methods. Guitar manufacturing can also be broken into several categories such as body manufacturing and neck manufacturing, among others. Guitar manufacturing includes the production of alto, classical, tenor, and bass tuned guitars (with classical being the most widely used tuning).

A luthier is a person who has learned the craft of making string instruments including guitars, generally on a very small scale.
Gulab Singh Tanwar
Gulab Singh Tanwar (also known as Captain Gulab Singh; born 1964) is an Indian film producer, business personality and a former pilot having worked with Indian Airlines. He is the founder and owner of Saarthi Airways which provides helicopters and aircraft to Corporates, HNI and politicians specialising in Election flying including top political leaders. He started this venture by leasing helicopter to Ajay Devgn Starrer film "Kacche Dhaage" in 1999.

He is known for his produced films like 72 Hoorain, Parched, Te3n and Rajma Chawal.

Te3n
Teen (stylised as Te3n; transl. 'Three') is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film written and directed by Ribhu Dasgupta. This remake of the 2013 South Korean film Montage stars Amitabh Bachchan, Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Sabyasachi Chakraborty, Padmavati Rao, and Vidya Balan in the lead roles. It was released on 10 June 2016. The film was a commercial failure at the box office.
Austria men's national field hockey team
The Austria men's national field hockey team represents Austria in men's international field hockey.

Austria mainly competes in the Men's EuroHockey Championship II where they finished second twice. They also have qualified five times for the European championship where they finished seventh in 2009 and 2017. They have never qualified for the World Cup but they have played in three Olympic Games, their last appearance was in 1952.

2009 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship
The 2009 Men's EuroHockey Nations Championship was the 12th edition of the EuroHockey Nations Championship, the biennial international men's field hockey championship of Europe organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held in the Wagener Stadium in Amstelveen, Netherlands from 22 to 30 August 2009.

England won the tournament for the first time after defeating Germany 5–3 in the final. The hosts and defending champions the Netherlands secured third place after defeating Spain 6–1 in the third-place playoff.
Fin Cop
Fin Cop is a hill and an associated Iron Age hill fort in Monsal Dale, close to Ashford in the Water in Derbyshire, England.

The fort shows evidence of hurried construction, indicating a defensive response to a real threat, rather than the more usual assumption that such forts were a display of status and prestige.  The hillfort, along with an adjacent bowl barrow, lime kiln and quarry, constitutes a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

In 2011 excavations unearthed a mass burial containing only women and children, the first such segregated burial in Iron Age Britain. Some animal bones were also found, suggesting the inhabitants kept livestock. The remains were relatively well preserved due to the limestone geology of the hill. Carbon dating of the site suggests it was constructed between 440BC and 390BC.

Monsal Dale
Monsal Dale is a valley in Derbyshire, England, in the White Peak limestone area of the Peak District National Park. It is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) (1) and part of a Europe-wide network called Natura 2000.
TV Pinheiro
TV Pinheiro is a Brazilian television station based in Pinheiro, Maranhão. It operates on channel 11 (VHF analog) and is in the process of deploying its digital signal of channel 16 UHF. It is an affiliate of Rede Bandeirantes.

Pinheiro, Maranhão
Pinheiro is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.

The municipality contains a small part of the Baixada Maranhense Environmental Protection Area, a 1,775,035.6-hectare (4,386,208-acre) sustainable use conservation unit created in 1991 that has been a Ramsar Site since 2000.
Legislative Assembly of Santa Catarina
27°36′11″S 48°32′52″W﻿ / ﻿27.60306°S 48.54778°W﻿ / -27.60306; -48.54778

The Legislative Assembly of Santa Catarina (Portuguese: Assembleia Legislativa de Santa Catarina) is the unicameral legislature of Santa Catarina state in Brazil. It has 40 state deputies elected by proportional representation.

The Assembly was created on August 12, 1834, the first legislature had 20 deputies, until 1881 when it was increased to 22.

State deputy
Established by the Constitution of Brazil, the State Senate is the State's representative body. The members are elected through the proportional system, by taking into account the joining affiliation (political party or coalition of parties), as a way to define the number of elected candidates that are filling the vacancies reserved for specific groups.

State Representative (Deputado Estadual) is the name given to the political agent while the corresponding body is the State Legislative Assembly (Assembléia Legislativa Estadual), which is the highest legislative authority of each state.
WNFO
WNFO (1430 AM) was a radio station broadcasting a Regional Mexican format.  It was dual licensed to Sun City and Hilton Head, South Carolina.  The station was owned by Walter M. Czura.

WNFO was a daytimer station, transmitting with 213 watts.  To protect other stations on 1430 AM from interference it was required to sign off the air at sunset.

1430 AM
The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1430 kHz: 1430 AM is a regional broadcast frequency, as classified by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission.
Saini (surname)
Saini is an Indian surname, used by various communities in North India. In Uttar Pradesh, it is used by people of Kushwaha or the Koeri caste.  In Rajasthan and Haryana, it is most often associated with Mali caste. Saini is also a community of Punjab, included in state's list of Other Backward Class from 2016 onwards. In Haryana term Saini is considered synonymous with other terms such as Koeri, Kushwaha, Maurya and Shakya, all included in state's list of Backward Castes.

Madan Lal Saini
Madan Lal Saini  (13 July 1943 – 24 June 2019) was an Indian politician who was the former Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha until his death. He hailed from the state of Rajasthan. He was a former MLA in Udaipurwati constituency from Rajasthan. He was a leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was serving as President of Rajasthan State BJP until his death.
Sowerby's beaked whale
Sowerby's beaked whale (Mesoplodon bidens), also known as the North Atlantic or North Sea beaked whale, is a species of toothed whale. It was the first mesoplodont whale to be described. James Sowerby, an English naturalist and artist, first described the species in 1804 from a skull obtained from a male that had stranded in the Moray Firth, Scotland, in 1800. He named it bidens, which derives from the two teeth present in the jaw, now known to be a very common feature among the genus.

James Sowerby
James Sowerby (21 March 1757 – 25 October 1822) was an English naturalist, illustrator and mineralogist. Contributions to published works, such as A Specimen of the Botany of New Holland or English Botany, include his detailed and appealing plates. The use of vivid colour and accessible texts was intended to reach a widening audience in works of natural history. The standard author abbreviation Sowerby is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Joseph Alexander Adams
Joseph Alexander Adams (1803 – September 11, 1880) was an American engraver who is said to have been the first electrotyper in the United States.  He was born in New Germantown, New Jersey (now within Tewksbury Township), in 1803.

He was an apprentice in the printing business.  His work as an engraver had appeared as early as 1833 in the Treasury of Knowledge and the Cottage Bible.  He engraved Last Arrow for the New York Mirror in 1837, and 1,600 illustrations for Harper's Illuminated Bible in 1843.  He also made significant improvements in the process of electrotyping.  He died in New Jersey in 1880.

Cottage Bible
The Cottage Bible And Family Expositor: Containing The Old And New Testaments, With Practical Expositions And Explanatory Notes was an 1824 study Bible, compiled by Thomas Williams (1755–1839).

The Cottage Bible printed text deemed unsuitable for family reading in smaller type, and exchanged "some phrases also exceptionable to females" for others "more suitable to the present state of our language and of society". The Quarterly Theological Review and Ecclesiastical Record objected to this as a "violation of the purity of the sacred text". The American edition of 1833 printed the whole text in uniform type.
Lake House
Lake House is an Elizabethan country house dating from 1578, in Wilsford cum Lake in Wiltshire, England, about 7 miles (11 km) north of Salisbury. It is a Grade I listed building. The gardens are Grade II listed in the English Heritage Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
The Road to Bresson
The Road to Bresson (Dutch: De weg naar Bresson) is a 1984 Dutch documentary film directed by Leo De Boer and Jurriën Rood. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1984 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Peptide transporter 1
Peptide transporter 1  (PepT 1) also known as solute carrier family 15 member 1 (SLC15A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by SLC15A1 gene. PepT 1 is a solute carrier for oligopeptides. It functions in renal oligopeptide reabsorption and in the intestines in a proton dependent way, hence acting like a cotransporter.

Cotransporter
Cotransporters are a subcategory of membrane transport proteins (transporters) that couple the favorable movement of one molecule with its concentration gradient and unfavorable movement of another molecule against its concentration gradient. They enable coupled or cotransport (secondary active transport) and include antiporters and symporters. In general, cotransporters consist of two out of the three classes of integral membrane proteins known as transporters that move molecules and ions across biomembranes. Uniporters are also transporters but move only one type of molecule down its concentration gradient and are not classified as cotransporters.
1982 Chicago Marathon
The 1982 Chicago Marathon was the sixth running of the annual marathon race in Chicago, United States and was held on September 26. The elite men's and women's races were won by Americans Greg Meyer (2:11:00 hours) and Nancy Conz (2:33:24). A total of 4642 runners finished the race, an increase of nearly 400 from the previous year.

Greg Meyer
Greg Meyer (born September 18, 1955) is an American long-distance runner. Meyer's winning time for the 1983 Boston Marathon race was 2:09.00. He was the last American to win the Boston Marathon until 2014, and the last person born in America to win the Chicago Marathon until 2017. He set ten American road racing records and two world records, and won the River Bank Run, in his home town of Grand Rapids, seven times. . He was inducted to the National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame in 2024.
Anna Kozhnikova
Anna Sergeyevna Kozhnikova (Russian: Анна Сергеевна Кожникова; born 10 July 1987) is a Russian football defender currently playing for Lokomotiv Moscow in the Russian Championship. She was the captain of the Russian national team.

WFC Lokomotiv Moscow
WFC Lokomotiv Moscow (Russian: Женский футбольный клуб "Локомоти́в" Москва́, ZhFK Lokomotiv Moskva) is a Russian Women's association football club based in Moscow. Lokomotiv participates in the Russian Women's Football Championship, the top division of Russian women football, and is affiliated with Lokomotiv Moscow.

Winner of the “golden double” (winning both the league and cup titles in the same season) — in the 2021 season.