hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cowman (surname)
Cowman is an occupational surname of Norman origin. from cowman.  A rare surname throughout the world today, Cowman is most common in Ireland.

As an Irish surname, it is anglicised from Irish Gaelic surname Ó Comáin.

Notable persons with that surname include:

Alan Cowman (born 1954), Australian malaria researcher

Charles Cowman (1868–1924), American missionary to Japan

Dick Cowman (b. 1949), rugby player

Joseph Cowman (fl. 1705–1748), one of the founders of the Patuxent Iron Works

Lettie Cowman (1870–1960), American author

Roz Cowman (born 1942), is an Irish poet and critic

Stan Cowman (1923–2003), New Zealand cricket umpire

Norman language
Norman or Norman French (Normaund, French: Normand [nɔʁmɑ̃] ⓘ, Guernésiais: Normand, Jèrriais: Nouormand) is a langue d'oïl spoken in the historical and cultural region of Normandy.

The name "Norman French" is sometimes also used to describe the administrative languages of Anglo-Norman and Law French used in England. For the most part, the written forms of Norman and modern French are mutually intelligible. The thirteenth-century philosopher Roger Bacon was the first to distinguish it along with other dialects such as Picard and Bourguignon.

Today, although it does not enjoy any official status outside of Jersey, some reports of the French Ministry of Culture have recognized it as one of the regional languages of France.
Keasler
Keasler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bobby Keasler (born 1945), American football coach

John Keasler (1921–1995), American newspaper columnist

Michael Keasler (born 1942), American judge

Bobby Keasler
Bobby Keasler (born September 8, 1945) is an American former football coach. He served as the head football coach at McNeese State University from 1990 to 1998 and at the University of Louisiana at Monroe from 1999 until 2002, compiling a career college football record of 86–62–2.
FC Pinzgau Saalfelden
FC Pinzgau Saalfelden is an Austrian football club from Saalfelden in the federal state of Salzburg. The club plays in the Regionalliga West which is the third tier of Austrian football, and has played there since the 2014–15 season.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
José María (footballer, born 1942)
José María García Lavilla, also known as José María (born 23 May 1942), is a Spanish former footballer who played as a forward and former coach.

He played for Real Oviedo, RCD Espanyol and the Spain national football team.

RCD Espanyol
Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol de Barcelona (Catalan: [rəˈjal ˈklub dəpuɾˈtiw əspəˈɲɔl də βəɾsəˈlonə]; "Royal Spanish Sports Club of Barcelona"), commonly known as RCD Espanyol, is a Spanish professional sports club based in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The club competes in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish football.

Founded in 1900 in Barcelona, Espanyol currently play their home games just outside the city at the RCDE Stadium, which holds up to 40,000 spectators. Domestically, Espanyol has won the Copa del Rey four times, most recently in 2006. In international competitions, the club reached the UEFA Cup final in 1988 and 2007. It has a long-standing local rivalry with FC Barcelona.
USCGC Tamaroa
Two ships of the United States Coast Guard have been named USCGC Tamaroa, ultimately after the Tamaroa tribe of the Illiniwek tribal group.

USCGC Tamaroa (1921) was originally the 869-ton steam-powered United States Shipping Board tug Bartolme. She was acquired by the Coast Guard in 1921, renamed Tamaroa after Tamaroa, Illinois, and commissioned in 1922. She remained in service until 1935.

USCGC Tamaroa (WMEC-166), originally the U.S. Navy salvage tug USS Zuni (ATF-95), was launched in 1943 and transferred to the Coast Guard in 1946. Best known for a rescue conducted during the 1991 Perfect Storm, Tamaroa was decommissioned in 1994 and sunk as an artificial reef on 2017.

United States Shipping Board
The United States Shipping Board (USSB) was a corporation established as an emergency agency by the 1916 Shipping Act (39 Stat. 729), on September 7, 1916. The United States Shipping Board's task was to increase the number of US ships supporting the World War I efforts. The program ended on March 2, 1934.
Gypsy Caravan Tour
The Gypsy Caravan Tour was a worldwide concert tour by Australian hard rock band Wolfmother. Staged in promotion of their 2016 fourth studio album Victorious and named after a song on the album, it is visiting clubs and theatres throughout 2016. The tour began with a North American leg starting in Minneapolis on 24 February, which will be followed by a run of shows in Europe from 8 April. In the summer, the band will perform at a number of festivals in the United States, including Rock on the Range in Columbus, Ohio.

Andrew Stockdale
Andrew James Stockdale (born 20 July 1976) is an Australian singer, musician, songwriter, and record producer. He is best known as the lead vocalist, lead guitarist, and only continuous member of the rock band Wolfmother.
Garcia Live Volume 20
GarciaLive Volume 20 is a two-CD live album by the Jerry Garcia Band.  It contains the complete concert recorded on June 18, 1982, at the Cape Cod Coliseum in South Yarmouth, Massachusetts.  It also includes bonus tracks recorded on June 1, 1981, at The Stone in San Francisco.  It was released on June 30, 2023.

At the June 18, 1982 show, the Jerry Garcia Band shared the bill with Bobby and the Midnites. According to the album liner notes, Bob Weir, Bobby Cochran, and Billy Cobham sat in on the song "They Love Each Other", but due to a technical issue they can not be heard on the recording.

Jerry Garcia Band
The Jerry Garcia Band was a San Francisco Bay Area rock band led by Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead. Garcia founded the band in 1975; it remained the most important of his various side projects until his death in 1995.  The band regularly toured and recorded sporadically throughout its twenty-year existence, generally, but not always, during breaks in the Grateful Dead's schedule.
Particle-in-cell
In plasma physics, the particle-in-cell (PIC) method refers to a technique used to solve a certain class of partial differential equations.  In this method, individual particles (or fluid elements) in a Lagrangian frame are tracked in continuous phase space, whereas moments of the distribution such as densities and currents are computed simultaneously on Eulerian (stationary) mesh points.

PIC methods were already in use as early as 1955,
even before the first Fortran compilers were available. The method gained popularity for plasma simulation in the late 1950s and early 1960s by Buneman, Dawson, Hockney, Birdsall, Morse and others. In plasma physics applications, the method amounts to following the trajectories of charged particles in self-consistent electromagnetic (or electrostatic) fields computed on a fixed mesh.

Phase space
The phase space of a physical system is the set of all possible physical states of the system when described by a given parameterization. Each possible state corresponds uniquely to a point in the phase space. For mechanical systems, the phase space usually consists of all possible values of the position and momentum parameters. It is the direct product of direct space and reciprocal space. The concept of phase space was developed in the late 19th century by Ludwig Boltzmann, Henri Poincaré, and Josiah Willard Gibbs.
Vubachikwe
20°52′55″S 28°55′25″E﻿ / ﻿20.88194°S 28.92361°E﻿ / -20.88194; 28.92361

Vumbachigwe is a village and a goldmine in Gwanda District, in the province of Matabeleland South, Zimbabwe. It is located along the Mtshabezi River about ten kilometres (6.2 mi) north-west of the town of Gwanda. According to the 1982 Population Census, the village had a population of 2,077. The village grew as the residential and commercial centre for the employees of the Vubachikwe gold mine.

Mtshabezi River
The Mtshabezi River is a tributary of the Thuli River in southern Zimbabwe. Mtshabezi river's source is in Matopos Hills, an area of granite kopjes and wooded valleys commencing some 35 kilometres (22 mi) south of Bulawayo, southern Zimbabwe. It supplys the Mtshabezi Dam which has become the 6th dam to supply  is the second largest city in Zimbabwe, Bulawayo.
Roger (larderer)
Roger (died 1102) was a medieval Bishop elect of Hereford .

Roger was the larderer for King Henry I of England before he was appointed to the see of Hereford in September 1102. He was invested with the bishopric on 29 September 1102, by King Henry I of England. He then attended the Council of London held just days later. He became ill, and asked Anselm, the Archbishop of Canterbury to consecrate him before his death, but Anselm refused as the archbishop had already compromised with the king over the Investiture Crisis by allowing the king to invest Roger. He died at the council within a week of his investiture.

Diocese of Hereford
The Diocese of Hereford is a Church of England diocese based in Hereford, covering Herefordshire, southern Shropshire and a few parishes within Worcestershire in England, and a few parishes within Powys and Monmouthshire in Wales. The cathedral is Hereford Cathedral and the bishop is the Bishop of Hereford. The diocese is one of the oldest in England (created in 676 and based on the minor sub-kingdom of the Magonsæte) and is part of the Province of Canterbury.
Permanent Representative of Spain to the United Nations in Vienna
The ambassador permanent representative of Spain to the United Nations Office and Other International Organizations in Vienna is the official representative of the Kingdom of Spain to the United Nations Office at Vienna.

The office was established on 10 October 1980, when diplomat Enrique Suárez de Puga, former ambassador to the Organization of American States, was appointed as permanent representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and other international organizations based in Vienna. In 1983 the position was elevated to the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and, in July 1987, the Permanent Representation was formally established.

United Nations Office at Vienna
The United Nations Office at Vienna (UNOV, German: Büro der Vereinten Nationen in Wien) is one of the four major office sites of the United Nations where numerous different UN agencies have a joint presence. UNOV was established on 1 January 1980, and was the third such complex to be created.

The office complex is located in Vienna, the capital of Austria, and is part of the Vienna International Centre, a cluster of several major international organizations also informally called "UNO city".
Communauté de communes du Pays de Bitche
The communauté de communes du Pays de Bitche (French for "Land of Bitche community of communes", German: Gemeindeverband Bitscherland) is a federation of municipalities (communauté de communes), located in the Moselle department of the Grand Est administrative region in north-eastern France. Its seat is the town Bitche.

Pays de Bitche
The Pays de Bitche (French pronunciation: [pe.i də bitʃ], literally Land of Bitche, German: Bitscherland or Bitcherland) is a natural region in the Moselle department of the Grand Est region of France. It corresponds to the present French part of the former principality of Zweibrücken-Bitsch and to the part of the Northern Vosges that lies within Lorraine.

The Pays de Bitche has a total of 47 municipalities. 46 of them are gathered into the Bitche canton and the remaining one, Kalhausen, is a part of the Sarreguemines canton.
Makario Tagini
Makario Tagini is a Solomon Islands politician who is member of Parliament for Baegu/Asifola.

Tagini was an unsuccessful candidate in the 2008 East Honiara by-election and the 2011 Baegu/Asifola by-election.

In the 2019 Solomon Islands general election, he was elected for the United Democratic Party.

In 2019, he was appointed Minister of Justice and Legal Affairs. In 2021, he became Minister of Public Service.

In the 2024 Solomon Islands general election, he was elected for the Ownership, Unity and Responsibility Party. Following the election he was appointed to the Cabinet of Solomon Islands as Minister of Forestry and Research.

2011 Baegu/Asifola by-election
A by-election was held in the Baegu/Asifola constituency in the Solomon Islands on 30 March 2011. The election followed the death of MP Toswel Kaua, an Independent, who had first won the seat in April 2006, and held it in the August 2010 general election.

David Tome won the by-election with 1,366 votes, amounting to 21.4% of valid votes cast. Henry Ologa Olebeni came second with 1,117 votes.
2022–2023 mpox outbreak in Brazil
The 2022–2023 mpox outbreak in Brazil is a part of the ongoing outbreak of human mpox caused by the West African clade of the monkeypox virus. The outbreak was first reported in Brazil on 9 June 2022 when a man in São Paulo was registered as the country's index case.

Index case
The index case or patient zero is the first documented patient in a disease epidemic within a population, or the first documented patient included in an epidemiological study. 
It can also refer to the first case of a condition or syndrome (not necessarily contagious) to be described in the medical literature, whether or not the patient is thought to be the first person affected. An index case can achieve the status of a "classic" case study in the literature, as did Phineas Gage, the first known person to exhibit a definitive personality change as a result of traumatic brain injury.
Iram Javed
Iram Javed (born 16 December 1991) is a Pakistani cricketer who currently plays for Pakistan as a right-handed batter and occasional right-arm medium-fast bowler. She has also played domestic cricket for Lahore, Punjab, Higher Education Commission, Omar Associates and State Bank of Pakistan.

In January 2020, she was named in Pakistan's squad for the 2020 ICC Women's T20 World Cup in Australia. In October 2021, she was named in Pakistan's team for the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in Zimbabwe. In January 2022, she was named as a reserve in Pakistan's team for the 2022 Women's Cricket World Cup in New Zealand. In May 2022, she was named in Pakistan's team for the cricket tournament at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England.

She was named in the Pakistan squad for the 2024 ICC Women's T20 World Cup.

2024 Women's T20 World Cup
The 2024 Women's T20 World Cup was the ninth edition of the Women's T20 World Cup. Originally scheduled to be hosted in Bangladesh from 3 to 20 October 2024, it was later relocated to the United Arab Emirates for the same dates due to political unrest in Bangladesh, although the Bangladesh Cricket Board still held the hosting rights. New Zealand won their first title, defeating South Africa by 32 runs in the final at Dubai.

The tournament featured 10 teams, including the hosts, the top six teams from the 2023 edition, the next highest-ranked team in the ICC Women's T20I Team Rankings not already qualified, and two other teams determined through the global qualifier. Scotland qualified for the Women's T20 World Cup for the first time.

Australia, the defending champions, were defeated in the semi-finals by South Africa. New Zealand won its maiden title by defeating West Indies in the semi-finals and South Africa in the final.
1958 Birthday Honours
The Queen's Birthday Honours 1958 were appointments in many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The Queen. They were published on 3 June 1958 for the United Kingdom and Colonies, Australia, New Zealand, Ghana, and the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Women's Royal Naval Service
The Women's Royal Naval Service (WRNS; popularly and officially known as the Wrens) was the women's branch of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy. First formed in 1917 for the First World War, it was disbanded in 1919, then revived in 1939 at the beginning of the Second World War, remaining active until integrated into the Royal Navy in 1993. WRNS included cooks, clerks, wireless telegraphists, radar plotters, weapons analysts, range assessors, electricians, air mechanics, ground transport vehicle drivers and motorcycle dispatch riders.
Worthley
Worthley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carrie Worthley (born 1983), Australian netball player

Jean Worthley (1925–2017), American naturalist, TV host, and author

Rebecca Worthley (born 1981), British singer-songwriter

Jean Worthley
Jean Reese Worthley (February 23, 1925 – April 9, 2017) was an American naturalist. She hosted Maryland Public Broadcasting's children's television series Hodgepodge Lodge and co-hosted On Nature's Trail. She also wrote The Complete Family Nature Guide, which was published in 1976.
West Virginia's 13th Senate district
West Virginia's 13th Senate district is one of 17 districts in the West Virginia Senate. It is currently represented by Republican Mike Oliverio and Democrat Joey Garcia. All districts in the West Virginia Senate elect two members to staggered four-year terms.

West Virginia Senate
The West Virginia Senate is the upper house of the West Virginia Legislature.
There are seventeen senatorial districts. Each district has two senators who serve staggered four-year terms. Although the Democratic Party held a supermajority in the Senate as recently as 2015, Republicans now dominate in the chamber, and hold 32 seats to the Democrats' two seats.
Sam Clarke (motorcyclist)
Sam Clarke (born 6 March 1996) is an Australian motorcycle racer. Known for his fast and smooth racing style and dominance in Western Australian motorcycle racing scene. He is the current Western Australian Superbike Champion.

Motorcycle racing
The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing. Other categories include hill climbs, drag racing and land speed record trials.
James Logan (mayor)
James Logan (May 6, 1852 – November 30, 1929) was a Scottish-born American politician who served as the 35th Mayor of Worcester, Massachusetts from 1908 to 1911. The Logan family was an old family in Scotland, dating back to 1200 in Wigtownshire, Ayrshire, Lanarkshire, and Edinburghshire.

Midlothian
Midlothian (/mɪdˈloʊðiən/; Scottish Gaelic: Meadhan Lodainn) is registration county, lieutenancy area and one of 32 council areas of Scotland used for local government. Midlothian lies in the east-central Lowlands, bordering the City of Edinburgh council area, East Lothian and the Scottish Borders. The modern council area was formed in 1975 when the historic county of Midlothian, also known as Edinburghshire, was altered substantially as part of local government reforms; its southern part formed a new Midlothian District within the Region of Lothian, whilst areas on the peripheries were assigned to other districts and the city of Edinburgh, which had always been autonomous to an extent, was formally separated as the City of Edinburgh District. In 1996 Midlothian became a unitary authority area, using the same name and territory as in 1975.
Encantadia: Pag-ibig Hanggang Wakas
Encantadia: Pag-ibig Hanggang Wakas (transl. Encantadia: love until the end / international title: Avisala Encantadia: Love Until the End) is a 2006 Philippine television drama fantasy series broadcast by GMA Network. The series is the third instalment of the Encantadia franchise, and serves as a sequel to the television series Etheria: Ang Ikalimang Kaharian ng Encantadia. Directed by Gil Tejada Jr., it stars Sunshine Dizon, Iza Calzado, Karylle, Diana Zubiri and Dingdong Dantes. It premiered on February 20, 2006 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on April 28, 2006 with a total of 48 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
Massachusetts General Hospital Academy
The Massachusetts General Hospital Academy is an educational organization for physicians, nurses, specialists, and other health professionals who diagnose, treat and care for patients across a variety of therapeutic areas, like cardiology, neurology, oncology and more.  It is directly organized and managed by the Department of Postgraduate Education at Massachusetts General Hospital, which is owned by Partners HealthCare, the largest healthcare provider in Massachusetts.

The Academy organizes and produces CME activities—like one-day live symposia and online webcasts—that educate attendees about effective clinical practice for treating health disorders, like fibromyalgia and  dementia.

Academic conference
An academic conference or scientific conference (also congress, symposium, workshop, or meeting) is an event for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their scholarly work. Together with academic or scientific journals and preprint archives, conferences provide an important channel for exchange of information between researchers. Further benefits of participating in academic conferences include learning effects in terms of presentation skills and "academic habitus", receiving feedback from peers for one's own research, the possibility to engage in informal communication with peers about work opportunities and collaborations, and getting an overview of current research in one or more disciplines.

The first international academic conferences and congresses appeared in 19th century.
Great black-backed gull
The great black-backed gull (Larus marinus) is the largest member of the gull and tern family Laridae. It is a very aggressive hunter, pirate and scavenger which breeds on the North Atlantic coasts and islands of northern Europe and northeastern North America. Southern populations are generally sedentary, while those breeding in the far north (northern Norway, northwest Russia) migrate farther south in winter. A few also move inland to large lakes and reservoirs. The adult has a white head, neck and underparts, dark blackish-grey wings and back, pink legs and the bill yellow with a red spot.

Laridae
Laridae is a family of seabirds in the order Charadriiformes that includes the gulls, terns (including white terns), noddies, and skimmers. It includes 105 species arranged into 23 genera. They are an adaptable group of mostly aerial birds found worldwide.