hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1905 Massachusetts legislature
The 126th Massachusetts General Court, consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives, met in 1905 during the governorship of William Lewis Douglas. William F. Dana served as president of the Senate and Louis A. Frothingham served as speaker of the House.

President of the Massachusetts Senate
The president of the Massachusetts Senate is the presiding officer.  Unlike the United States Congress, in which the vice president of the United States is the ex officio president of the United States Senate, in Massachusetts, the president of the Senate is elected from and by the senators. The president, therefore, typically comes from the majority party, and the president is then the de facto leader of that party.

The current president of the Massachusetts Senate, since July 26, 2018, is Karen Spilka, a Democrat from Ashland. Democrats have had a majority in the Senate since 1959. Notable former presidents of the Massachusetts Senate include U.S. president Calvin Coolidge.
Tetsugen Doko
Tetsugen Dōkō (鉄眼道光 1630–1682) was a Japanese Zen Master, and an important early leader of the Ōbaku school of Buddhism.

Tetsugen was born in the seventh year of the Kan'ei era (1630) in Higo Province.  He became a priest of the Jodo Shinshu sect at the age of 13. When Ingen came to Japan, Tetsugen became his follower in the Ōbaku school.

In 1681, Tetsugen oversaw the production of the first complete woodcut
edition (consisting of around 60,000 pieces) of the Chinese Buddhist sutras in Japan.

Tetsugen died at the age of 53 in the second year of the Tenna era (1682). The anniversary of Tetsugen's birth is celebrated on January 1 in the Western calendar.

Tenna
Tenna (天和) was a Japanese era name (年号, nengō; "year name") after Enpō and before Jōkyō.  This period spanned the years from September 1681 through February 1684. The reigning emperor was Reigen-tennō (霊元天皇).
Grass (surname)
Grass is an English surname. A possible origin is being an anglicized surname of Scottish origin derived from the occupation of shoemaker (Scottish Gaelic word greusaich or griasaich).

Alex Grass (1927–2009), American businessman and lawyer

Arthur Grass (1897–1994), English-born Brazilian cricketer

Frank J. Grass (born 1951), American general

Günter Grass (1927–2015), German author and playwright

John Grass (1837–1918), Native American Lakota leader

Philippe Grass (1801–1876), French sculptor

Vincent Grass (born 1949), Belgian actor

Vincent Grass
Vincent Grass (born 9 January 1949) is a Belgian actor. He has appeared in a number of both European and American film and television productions, the first being the Belgian television production Siska Van Roosemaal in 1973. Grass played Fiancé in Boris Szulzinger's Mama Dracula (1980) and Doctor Cornelius in the 2008 film The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian.
1929–30 Panhellenic Championship
The 1929–30 Panhellenic Championship was the second season of the highest football league of Greece. It was held with the participation of 3 teams, the champions of the founding Associations of the HFF, Athens, Piraeus and Macedonia, in which Panathinaikos, Olympiacos and Aris respectively finished first. Panathinaikos emerged champion for their first title, undefeated, which among other things on 1 June 1930, achieving a historic 8–2 victory over Olympiacos, which is the widest victory margin  in a match between the two eternal opponents.

The point system was: Win: 2 points - Draw: 1 point - Loss: 0 points.

Macedonia Football Clubs Association
Macedonia Football Clubs Association (Greek: Ένωση Ποδοσφαιρικών Σωματείων Μακεδονίας) is a governing body responsible for administering association football in Thessaloniki Prefecture. It was formed in 1924 as Macedonia–Thrace Football Association (Greek: Ποδοσφαιρική Ένωσις Μακεδονίας–Θράκης) and it administrated association football in the regions of West Macedonia, Central Macedonia and East Macedonia and Thrace. Since 1935 its area of responsibility was restricted within the borders of the Prefecture of Thessaloniki. Founding members of the union were Aris, Iraklis and Megas Alexandros.
Baggs, Wyoming
Baggs is a town in Carbon County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 411 at the 2020 census.
Baggs is home to the Outlaw Stop, a branch of the Little Snake River Museum, which is headquartered in Savery.

Savery, Wyoming
Savery is an unincorporated community in southeastern Carbon County, Wyoming, United States, on the upper Little Snake River. It lies along WYO 70 south of the city of Rawlins, the county seat of Carbon County.  Its elevation is 6,473 feet (1,973 m). It has a post office with ZIP code 82332, and is home to the Little Snake River Museum.

Public education in the community of Savery is provided by Carbon County School District #1.
2005 Zimbabwean Senate election
Senate elections were held in Zimbabwe on 26 November 2005 to elect members to the newly formed Zimbabwe Senate. There were a total of 3,239,574 registered voters, out of which 631,347 or 19.5% voted. ZANU-PF won in a landslide election, received over 73% of the popular vote, in what was the nation's first senate elections. The elections were also boycotted by many members of the Movement for Democratic Change as a protest against the suspected election rigging of the 31 March parliamentary election earlier that year, which also saw a low voter turnout of 47.7%.

The decision by some in the MDC to contest the election led to the MDC splitting in two. After the split there was MDC T being led by Morgan Tsvangirai and MDC led by Welshman Ncube.

ZANU–PF
The Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) is a political organisation which has been the ruling party of Zimbabwe since independence in 1980. The party was led for many years by Robert Mugabe, first as prime minister with the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and then as president from 1987 after the merger with the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) and retaining the name ZANU–PF.

At the 2008 parliamentary election, the ZANU–PF lost sole control of parliament for the first time in party history and brokered a difficult power-sharing deal with the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC). ZANU-PF then won the 2013 election, gaining a two-thirds majority. The party narrowly held their super-majority in the 2018 election.

On 19 November 2017, following a coup d'état, ZANU–PF removed Robert Mugabe as party leader, who resigned two days later, and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place.
Lexden Gathering Grounds
Lexden Gathering Grounds is an 8.9-hectare (22-acre) nature reserve in Lexden, a suburb of Colchester in Essex. It is owned by Anglian Water and managed by the Essex Wildlife Trust.

The site was formerly a "gathering ground" for water from springs and was used as a water source until the 1970s. It is mainly woodland with some marsh, meadow and open rides. One area has semi-natural birch and ash woods, and the marsh has moschatel and mature hazel and alder coppice. There are badgers and foxes, and butterflies including common browns and small coppers.

There is access from Cooks Lane, off Cymbeline Way.

Adoxa moschatellina
Adoxa moschatellina, moschatel, is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae which has a highly distinctive inflorescence. This herbaceous perennial grows in relatively sunny places in old woodland, such as the edges of streams, and in shady places in open habitats such as rock crevices in limestone pavements. It has a limited ability to spread by seed, but expands vegetatively via its long stolons. It is a widespread but generally uncommon plant which is not considered to be threatened within its natural range.
San Manuel Stadium
San Manuel Stadium is an open-air ballpark in downtown San Bernardino, California, United States. It opened in 1996, replacing Fiscalini Field as the home park of Minor League Baseball's Inland Empire 66ers of San Bernardino. Before then, the 66ers shared Fiscalini Field with CSUSB Coyotes and SBVC Wolverines. San Manuel Stadium is named after the San Manuel Band of Mission Indians, which is based in San Bernardino and paid for the naming rights. The stadium seats 8,000 people, with additional capacity provided by lawn seating.

It is located directly next to the San Bernardino Transit Center, with connections to Los Angeles Union Station.

San Bernardino Transit Center
The San Bernardino Transit Center (Metrolink designation San Bernardino–Downtown station and also known as Downtown San Bernardino station) is an intermodal transit center in downtown San Bernardino, California, United States. It is owned and operated by Omnitrans, the area's public transportation agency. Opened in September 2015, the center consolidates three Metrolink commuter rail services and more than a dozen local bus services, including the sbX bus rapid transit service into one central location.
E (video)
E (styled as Ǝ) is a compilation video album by American rapper Eminem, released in DVD and VHS formats. It was released on December 12, 2000, through Aftermath and Interscope Records. It is composed of seven music videos from The Slim Shady LP and The Marshall Mathers LP, the making of the "Stan" video, a short movie titled "The Mathers Home" and a hidden "Shit on You" video from D12's then-upcoming  album Devil's Night. Ǝ peaked at number 5 on the Billboard's Music Video Sales chart and was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. It was also certified Platinum by Music Canada and 2× Platinum by British Phonographic Industry.

Shit on You
"Shit on You" also known by the clean versions as either "Sh*t on You" or "S*** on You", is a song by American hip hop group D12. It was their commercial debut single, released on December 5, 2000. It achieved moderate success by reaching the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart. It was not included on the American vinyl, CD, digital, or streaming editions of their 2001 debut studio album Devil's Night, but was included as a bonus track on the cassette version, UK, European, and Australian releases, and on the deluxe version of Eminem's greatest hits album, Curtain Call: The Hits.
W. A. Mathieu
William Allaudin Mathieu (born 1937) is a composer, pianist, choir director, music teacher, and author. He began studying piano at the age of six, and began recording his music and compositions in the 1970s on his record label, Cold Mountain Music. Mathieu has composed and recorded solo piano works, chamber pieces, choral music, and song cycles, and he has written four books on music, music theory, and how to live a musical life.

Stan Kenton
Stanley Newcomb Kenton (December 15, 1911 – August 25, 1979) was an American popular music and jazz artist. As a pianist, composer, arranger and band leader, he led an innovative and influential jazz orchestra for almost four decades. Though Kenton had several pop hits from the early 1940s into the 1960s, his music was always forward-looking. Kenton was also a pioneer in the field of jazz education, creating the Stan Kenton Jazz Camp in 1959 at Indiana University.
COVID-19 pandemic in popular culture
The COVID-19 pandemic swept the world in the early months of 2020, causing massive economic and social disruption. In addition to the disease itself, populations have often dealt with lockdowns, shortages and pandemic fatigue, political and cultural turmoil. This made the pandemic a time of exceptional stress, driving some people to seek peaceful escapism in media and others to consume media concerning fictional pandemics (i.e., zombie apocalypses) in an effort to make sense of the event. Themes include contagion, isolation and loss of control. The pandemic also impacted people's use of social media as well as the sports industry.

Some commentators have referred to the pandemic as a "distinct cultural era".

Escapism
Escapism is mental diversion from unpleasant aspects of daily life, typically through activities involving imagination or entertainment. Escapism also may be used to occupy one's self away from persistent feelings of depression or general sadness.
Rekhetre
Rekhetre (fl. c. 2500 BC) was an ancient Egyptian queen from the late 4th Dynasty or early 5th Dynasty. She was a daughter of King Khafre. Her husband is never mentioned, but Rekhetre would have been the wife of one of Khafre's successors, possibly Menkaure.

Fifth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fifth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty V) is often combined with Dynasties III, IV and VI under the group title the Old Kingdom. The Fifth Dynasty pharaohs reigned for around 150 years, from the early 25th century BC until the mid 24th century BC.
Photography & Culture
Photography & Culture is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal, published by Taylor & Francis. It was founded in 2008 by Val Williams (University of the Arts London, UK) and was initially published triannually by Berg Publishers and then by Bloomsbury Publishing until 2015. Photography & Culture’s editors-in-chief are Erina Duganne (Texas State University, USA), Sarah Parsons (York University, Canada), Gil Pasternak (De Montfort University, Photographic History Research Centre, UK), and Yunchang Yang (Peking University, China).

Berg Publishers
Berg Publishers was an academic publishing company based in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England and Providence, Rhode Island, United States. It was founded in the United Kingdom in 1983 by Marion Berghahn. Berg published monographs, textbooks, reference works, and academic journals. It focused on fashion, design, anthropology, history, and cultural studies. Operations in Providence began shortly after Berghahn's husband, historian Volker Berghahn, accepted a chair at Brown University in 1988.
Trefor Goronwy
Trefor Goronwy (born Trevor J. Goronwy, 23 August 1960 – February 2024) was an English vocalist, bass guitarist, guitarist, and percussionist. He joined This Heat for their final European tour in 1982, and continued to work with drummer Charles Hayward and soundman Stephen Rickard in the group Camberwell Now. He also worked as a sound technician with groups such as Pere Ubu, Towering Inferno, David Thomas and Two Pale Boys, Spearmint, Momus and the Tuvan throat-singing ensemble Huun-Huur-Tu, whose first album he recorded in London. After several years spent in Russia, he worked on recordings featuring Tuvan and Kazakh traditional instruments, particularly the igil and kobyz. Goronwy was born in Northampton on 23 August 1960. His sister was self-help author Lynda Field (née Goronwy, 1952–2020). Trefor Goronwy died in February 2024, at the age of 63.

Music in the Tuva Republic
Tuva is a part of Russia, inhabited by a Turkic people. Tuvans are known abroad for khoomei (xöömej), a kind of overtone singing.

Traditionally, Tuvan music was only a solo effort. The musician's intention was usually to emphasise timbre and harmonics over rhythm. Performances were often in places with good natural acoustics, such as caves, cliffs, and rivers, with the performer taking long pauses to allow nature the chance to converse back. Modern Tuvan music usually involves ensembles of musicians playing multiple instruments, and tends to be more pulsatile than traditional forms.
Udamadura Grama Niladhari Division
Udamadura Grama Niladhari Division is a Grama Niladhari Division of the Walapane Divisional Secretariat  of Nuwara Eliya District  of Central Province, Sri Lanka .  It has Grama Niladhari Division Code 518.

Udamadura  are located within, nearby or associated with Udamadura.

Udamadura is a surrounded by the Kalaganwatta, Ambanella, Galkadawela, Kosgolla, Udawela and Udamadura North  Grama Niladhari Divisions.

Grama Niladhari
Grama Niladhari (English: village officer, Sinhala: ග්‍රාම නිලධාරී, romanized: grāma niladhārī, Tamil: கிராம உத்தியோகத்தர், romanized: Kirāma uttiyōkattar) is a Sri Lankan public official appointed by the central government by
the act No.2 of 1993. Grama Niladhari (GN) are entrusted with multifaceted duties and responsibilities under as 46 legislative enactments of Sri Lanka.
2020 United States Senate election in West Virginia
The 2020 United States Senate election in West Virginia was held on November 3, 2020, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of West Virginia, concurrently with the 2020 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states, elections to the United States House of Representatives, and various state and local elections.

Incumbent senator Shelley Moore Capito won a second term against Democrat Paula Jean Swearengin by a margin of 43.3%, winning every county, and becoming the first West Virginia Republican to win reelection to the U.S. Senate since 1907.

Swearengin's 27% of the vote was the lowest vote percentage and worst margin of defeat for any Democratic Senate candidate in West Virginia history.

Maggie's List
Maggie's List is a United States federal political action committee founded in Florida in 2010 to "raise awareness and funds to increase the number of conservative women elected to federal public office".  It is named after Margaret Chase Smith, a Republican who was the first woman elected to both houses of Congress (elected to the House in 1940, and the Senate in 1948). Maggie's List first raised money and made donations to candidates in the 2010 elections.
Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai (soundtrack)
The soundtrack of the 1999 Jim Jarmusch film Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai features an original score by RZA and also features hip-hop songs by such artists as Wu-Tang Clan, Killah Priest, and Public Enemy. Two soundtrack albums were released, one internationally and another in Japan, each with different song mixes, some of which do not appear in the film. There are many songs, however, that can be heard in the film that appear on neither soundtrack album. It is the first of RZA's fully scored film works.

The Bomb Squad
The Bomb Squad was an American hip hop production team known for their work with hip hop group Public Enemy.

The Bomb Squad are noted for their dense, distinct, innovative production style, often utilizing dozens of samples on just one track. They are also known for incorporating harsh, atonal sounds and samples into their productions. About.com ranked the Bomb Squad at No. 12 on its Top-25 Hip-Hop Producers list.
Chak 354 WB
Chak No 354/W.B is a village of Tehsil Dunyapur, District Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan. It is located 3 km away from Dunyapur Basti Malook Road, 10 km from Dunyapur, 15 km from Basti Malook and 35 km from Lodhran.

At the moment, total population of the village is approximately 8,000. The most important crops are wheat, sugarcane, cotton, and rice from the village. Majority castes/families belong to the Arain, Jutt, Toor, and Ansari clans. The literacy rate is 50%. The Govt Girls Middle School plays an important role in education. PTI and PML N are the major political affiliated parties. The majority is Sunni sect and the minor is Ah le hadise. A darbar of baba Sadique is a symbol of peace.

Dunyapur
Dunyapur is a city in Lodhran District of Punjab, Pakistan. It is located 33 kilometres (21 mi) north of the district capital, also called Lodhran, on Bahawalpur road. The city of Dunyapur is the headquarters of the Dunyapur Tehsil. As of 2017, the city's population is 41,554. Major castes are Khawaja, Malik, Chohan, Rao, Awan, Arain, Gujjar, Jutt and Rajpoot.
Quemahoning Township, Pennsylvania
Quemahoning Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,838 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Johnstown, Pennsylvania
Johnstown is the largest city in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 18,411 as of the 2020 census. Located 57 miles (92 km) east of Pittsburgh, it is the principal city of the Johnstown metropolitan area, which had 133,472 residents in 2020. It is also part of the Johnstown–Somerset combined statistical area, which includes both Cambria and Somerset counties. Once a bustling industrial center, like many cities in the Rust Belt, Johnstown was severely affected by the loss of jobs in the steel industry due to globalization and the movement of American manufacturing to overseas markets.
Penpulimab
Penpulimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of cancer. It targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor. It is developed by Akeso.

Penpulimab was approved for medical use in China in August 2021, and in the United States in April 2025.

ClinicalTrials.gov
ClinicalTrials.gov is a registry of clinical trials. It is run by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health, and holds registrations from over 444,000 trials from 221 countries.
The Divine Invasion
The Divine Invasion is  a 1981 science fantasy novel by American writer Philip K. Dick. It is the second book in the gnostic VALIS trilogy, and takes place in the indeterminate future, perhaps a century or more after VALIS. The novel,  originally titled Valis Regained, was nominated to the BSFA Award.

After the fall of Masada in AD 74, God, or "Yah", is exiled from Earth and forced to take refuge in the CY30-CY30B star system. Although people of Earth are meanwhile ruled by Belial, the fallen Morning Star who serves as Yah's principal Adversary, Yah is intent on reclaiming his creation.

BSFA Award
The BSFA Awards are literary awards presented annually since 1970 by the British Science Fiction Association (BSFA) to honour works in the genre of science fiction. Nominees and winners are chosen based on a vote of BSFA members. More recently, members of the Eastercon convention have also been eligible to vote.
Samuel J. Hamrick
Samuel J. Hamrick (1929–2008) was an American spy novelist, who often used the pen name W. T. Tyler. Some of his novels include Rogue's March, The Ants of God, The Consul's Wife, and Last Train from Berlin.

Hamrick served as an U.S. diplomat, assigned to Lebanon, Canada, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and Somalia from 1960 to 1980.

Hamrick also wrote a nonfiction book, Deceiving the Deceivers:Kim Philby, Donald Maclean and Guy Burgess, in which he speculated that Kim Philby and other defectors were unknowingly helping Great Britain dupe the Soviet Union, rather than successfully spying for the Soviet Union.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Sangean
Sangean Electronics, Inc. (Chinese: 山進電子; pinyin: Shān Jìn diànzi) is a Taiwanese electronics company headquartered in Zhonghe District, New Taipei, Taiwan, with a factory located in Dongguan, China. The organisation is globally active with business units in Venlo, Netherlands, for Europe and Santa Fe Springs, California, for the Americas. The business units are directly in contact with distributors in relevant areas. It is noted for its shortwave radio receivers and digital radio (HD and DAB) receivers.

Santa Fe Springs, California
Santa Fe Springs (Santa Fe, Spanish for "Holy Faith") is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It is one of the Gateway Cities of southeast Los Angeles County. The population was 19,219 at the 2020 census, up from 16,223 at the 2010 census.