hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michigan Historical Review
The Michigan Historical Review is a semiannual peer-reviewed academic journal of American history published by the Historical Society of Michigan. It was established in 1974 as The Great Lakes Review before obtaining its current name in 1986. The journal was formerly published by Central Michigan University until August 1, 2021, when it moved to the Historical Society of Michigan. The journal is abstracted and index in America: History and Life, Arts & Humanities Citation Index, Current Contents/Arts & Humanities, International Bibliography of Periodical Literature, and Expanded Academic ASAP.  It is available in paper format from the Historical Society of Michigan.

Current Contents
Current Contents is a rapid alerting service database from Clarivate, formerly the Institute for Scientific Information and Thomson Reuters. It is published online and in several different printed subject sections.
Capture of Tahert (909)
The capture of Tahert or the Siege of Tahert occurred on August 26, 909 AD, at the city of Tahert (present-day Tagdemt), when the Fatimid army led by Ghazwiyya ibn Yusuf besieged and toppled the city, leading to the end of the Rustamid state, the surviving population migrated to Ouargla, from where they later moved to the Mzab region in the 11th century.

M'zab
The M'zab, or Mzab (Mozabite: Aghlan, Arabic: مزاب, romanized: Mzāb), is a natural region of the northern Sahara Desert in Ghardaïa Province, Algeria.  It is located 600 km (370 mi) south of Algiers and has approximately 360,000 inhabitants (2005 estimate).
Cichoń
Cichoń is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Cichon (born 1975), Polish-born German footballer

Aleksander Cichoń (born 1958), Polish wrestler

Jacek Cichoń (born 1953), Polish mathematician

Przemysław Cichoń (born 1978), Polish footballer

Thomas Cichon (born 1976), Polish-born German footballer and manager

Aleksander Cichoń
Aleksander Jan Cichoń (born 9 December 1958 in Rzeszów) is a Polish wrestler who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.

He was a bronze medalist in wrestling at the 1980 Summer Olympics in the freestyle 90 kg category (light-heavyweight).
1724 Taunton by-election
The 1724 Taunton by-election to the Parliament of Great Britain was held on 18 January 1724 in Taunton, Somerset, following the death of the incumbent, John Trenchard. The by-election was contested by Abraham Elton, George Deane, William Molyneux and Griffith Pugh. Elton, a Whig who had been a late entrant to the election won, and despite a petition from Deane, was returned as the Member of Parliament for Taunton.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Fong Sai-yuk II
Fong Sai-yuk II (方世玉續集), also known as The Legend II, The Legend of Fong Sai-yuk II, and Once Upon a Time in China 6, is a 1993 Hong Kong action-comedy film directed by Corey Yuen, starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Fong Sai-yuk (Fang Shiyu). The film is a sequel to Fong Sai-yuk, which was released earlier in the same year. Two former Miss Hong Kong Pageant winners, Michele Reis and Amy Kwok, portrayed Fang Shiyu's wives.

Folk hero
A folk hero or national hero is a type of hero – real, fictional or mythological – with their name, personality and deeds embedded in the popular consciousness of a people, mentioned frequently in folk songs, folk tales and other folklore; and with modern trope status in literature, art and films.
Dawidowicz
Dawidowicz (Polish pronunciation: [daviˈdɔvitʂ]) is a surname of Polish-language origin, meaning "son of David". The Russian and Belarusian form is Davidovich, Ukrainian: Davydovych.

Notable people with this surname:

Aleksandra Dawidowicz (born 1987), Polish cyclist

Janina David (1930–2023), born Janina Dawidowicz, Holocaust survivor, British writer and translator

Lucy Dawidowicz (1915–1990), American historian

Paweł Dawidowicz (born 1995), Polish footballer

Aleksandra Dawidowicz
Aleksandra Dawidowicz (born 4 February 1987) is a Polish cyclist. She was born in Kalisz. She competed in cross-country at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where she placed tenth.  She competed again at the 2012 Summer Olympics, finishing 7th.
Violin Concerto (Panufnik)
The Violin Concerto, composed by Andrzej Panufnik in 1971, is a concerto for violin and string orchestra. The work was written for and at the request of Yehudi Menuhin.

The work has three movements:

Rubato, which commences and concludes with cadenzas for the soloist

Adagio

Vivace

The work features long, singing melodic lines for the soloist. Panufnik wrote of the work: "When Yehudi Menuhin asked me to compose a violin concerto for him, I immediately had in mind his unique spiritual and poetic qualities and I felt I should provide a vehicle which would accentuate these rare gifts, and not obscure his deep inner musicianship by virtuoso pyrotechnics."

Menuhin premiered the work on 18 July 1972 at the Guildhall, London (City of London Festival), with the Menuhin Festival Orchestra under Panufnik's baton.

String orchestra
A string orchestra is an orchestra consisting solely of a string section made up of the bowed strings used in Western Classical music.  The instruments of such an orchestra are most often the following:  the violin, which is divided into first and second violin players (each usually playing different parts), the viola, the cello, and usually, but not always, the double bass.

String orchestras can be of chamber orchestra size ranging from between 12 (4 first violins, 3 second violins, 2 violas, 2 cellos and 1 bass = 12) and 21 musicians (6 first violins, 5 second violins, 4 violas, 4 cellos and 2 double basses= 21) sometimes performing without a conductor. It could also consist of the entire string section of a large symphony orchestra which could have 60 musicians (16 first violins, 14 second violins, 12 violas, 10 cellos and 8 double basses = 60; Gurre-Lieder calls for 84: 20.20.16.16.12).
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code
An Act to amend the Canadian Human Rights Act and the Criminal Code (French: Loi modifiant la Loi canadienne sur les droits de la personne et le Code criminel) is a law passed in 2017 by the Parliament of Canada. It was introduced as Bill C-16 of the first session of the 42nd Parliament. The law adds gender expression and gender identity as protected grounds to the Canadian Human Rights Act, and also to the Criminal Code provisions dealing with hate propaganda, incitement to genocide, and aggravating factors in sentencing.

Gender expression
Gender expression or gender presentation is a person's behavior, mannerisms, and appearance that are socially associated with gender, namely femininity or masculinity. Gender expression can also be defined as the external manifestation of one's gender identity through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, voice, or body characteristics. Typically, a person's gender expression is thought of in terms of masculinity and femininity, but an individual's gender expression may incorporate both feminine and masculine traits, or neither. A person's gender expression may or may not match their assigned sex at birth. This includes gender roles, and accordingly relies on cultural stereotypes about gender. It is distinct from gender identity.
Leo Michael Toyad
Muhammad Leo Michael Toyad bin Abdullah (Jawi: محمد ليو ميکائيل توياد بن عبدالله; born 11 April 1950) is a Malaysian politician. He is the former Member of the Parliament of Malaysia for the Mukah constituency in Sarawak, representing the Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB) in the ruling Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.

Toyad was first elected to Parliament in the 1982 election. In 1987, he became Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, appointed by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. After the 2004 election, he joined the full ministry of Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi as Minister for Tourism. He was dropped from the cabinet in 2006, in a move that surprised observers, to be replaced by Tengku Adnan Tengku Mansor. Ahead of the 2008 election he indicated his intention to retire, but he recontested and won his seat, both in that poll and again in 2013.

Mukah
Mukah (muːkəh), historically known as Muka, is a coastal town which has served as the capital and the administrative center of the Mukah Division since 1 March 2002.

The district also covers an area of 2,536 square kilometres (979 sq mi) with a population about 49,900 in the Mukah town and 18,800 in the Dalat administrative town of Dalat District.

It is located on the Borneo island, by the South China Sea, about 2 hours by road from the city of Sibu. Mukah is also accessible by air by MASwings from Kuching and Miri. The duration of both flights is about one hour. There are also speed boats connecting the town of Dalat (about 30 kilometres [19 mi] from Mukah) to Sibu. The speed boat trip takes approximately 2 hours.
Harry Doyle
Harry Doyle (born February 23, 1941) is an educator and former political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Albert in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1995 to 1999 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Saint John, New Brunswick, the son of Cecil L. Doyle and Margaret J. Hatfield. He studied at Teacher's College and the University of Moncton. Doyle was a teacher and high school administrator. In 1966, he married Sandra Dobson. He was Minister of State for Youth and Literacy from 1998 to 1999. Doyle was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1999.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
UIL
UIL may mean:

UIL Holdings Corporation, a natural gas company based in Connecticut, U.S.

UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning, a United Nations educational centre

Unione Italiana del Lavoro, the Italian Labour Union

United International Airlines, ICAO designator of a Serbian cargo airline

United Irish League, a nationalist political party in Ireland from 1898 through the 1920s

University Interscholastic League, the governing body for public school interscholastic activities in the US state of Texas

University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign in the United States

User-in-the-loop, a system theoretic paradigm to change user behavior

User Interface Language, an X11 application language used by Motif

Uil, a river of Kazakhstan

UIL Holdings Corporation
UIL Holdings Corporation was a diversified energy delivery company serving a total of 690,000 electric and natural gas utility customers in 66 communities across two states, with combined total assets of over $4 billion. In 2015 it merged with Iberdrola USA to form Avangrid.

UIL is the parent company for The United Illuminating Company (UI), Connecticut Natural Gas Corporation (CNG), The Southern Connecticut Gas Company (SCG), and The Berkshire Gas Company (BGC), each more than 100 years old.  UI provides for the transmission and delivery of electricity and other energy related services for Connecticut's Greater New Haven and Bridgeport areas. SCG and CNG are natural gas distribution companies that serve customers in Connecticut, while Berkshire Gas serves natural gas customers in western Massachusetts.  UIL employs more than 1,850 people in the New England region.
Halpenny
Halpenny is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Baron Barrymore Halpenny, English commercial artist, book editor, writer and historian of traditions and culture

Bruce Barrymore Halpenny, English military historian and author

Colum Halpenny (born 1979), Australian-Irish rugby league footballer

Ellen Halpenny (born 1990), New Zealand netball player in the ANZ Championship

Francess Halpenny, CC, FRSC (born 1919), Canadian editor and professor

Ernest Halpenny, PC (1903–1974), Canadian politician

Marion Rose Halpenny, English equestrian writer and horsewoman

William Halpenny (1882–1960), Canadian track and field athlete

Baron Barrymore Halpenny
Baron Barrymore Halpenny is a commercial artist, executive editor, writer and historian of traditions and culture. Working for several publications, he is best known for his book cover illustrations for Ghost Stations for which he has also been editor for the newly released series; also known for writing 'Ways of the Wolf'.
Franciszek Barda
Franciszek Barda (21 August 1880, Mszana Dolna, Austria-Hungary (now Poland) – 13 November 1964, Przemyśl, Poland) was a Polish clergyman in the Catholic Church, doctor of theology, former rector for the Seminary of the Archdiocese of Kraków from 1930 to 1931, the auxiliary bishop of Przemyśl from 1931 to 1933 and the diocesan bishop of Przemyśl from 1934 to his death in 1964.

Przemyśl
Przemyśl (Polish: [ˈpʂɛmɨɕl] ⓘ) is a city in southeastern Poland with 56,466 inhabitants, as of December 2023. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. It was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship.

Przemyśl owes its long and rich history to the advantages of its geographic location. The city lies in an area connecting mountains and lowlands known as the Przemyśl Gate (Brama Przemyska), with open lines of transport, and fertile soil. It also lies on the navigable San River. Important trade routes that connect Central Europe from Przemyśl ensure the city's importance. The Old Town of Przemyśl is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.

Since the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, Przemyśl has been a point of refuge for many Ukrainians, as it is located near the Poland–Ukraine border and serves as the end point of the Lviv–Przemyśl railway junction.
Pale Communion
Pale Communion is the eleventh studio album by Swedish progressive metal band Opeth. The album was released on 26 August 2014 through Roadrunner Records. The album was produced by Mikael Åkerfeldt and mixed by Steven Wilson. Pale Communion is the first album with keyboardist Joakim Svalberg after the departure of Per Wiberg in 2011. The album sold 19,090 copies in its first week of release in the United States, debuting at number 19 on the Billboard 200.

Roadrunner Records
Roadrunner Records is a Dutch-American record label focused on heavy metal and hard rock music. Founded in the Netherlands in 1980, it is now a division of Warner Music Group and is based in New York City. Formerly seen as one of the most powerful independent metal labels of the 1980s and 1990s, it would eventually become a massive host of metal acts, most seen in Roadrunner United and the following live concert. Since then, the label continued to put out major releases. However, by the 2020s, most major acts had left the label; it was also acquired by Warner, being relegated to something much smaller than before.
Western Australia Post Office Directory
The Western Australia Post Office Directory, also known as Wise Directories and Wise Street Directories, was published in Perth by H. Pierssené in 1893–1895, and by H. Wise & Co in 1895–1949 except for 1943 and 1948. It listed household, business, society, and Government contacts in Perth, Fremantle, Kalgoorlie, Boulder and Coolgardie including some rural areas of Western Australia.

Coolgardie, Western Australia
Coolgardie is a small town in Western Australia located around 558 kilometres (347 mi) east of the state capital, Perth; and 38 kilometres (24 mi) southwest of Kalgoorlie. It has a population of approximately 850 people.

Although Coolgardie is now known to most Western Australians as a tourist town and a mining ghost town, it was once the third largest town in Western Australia (after Perth and Fremantle). At this time, mining of alluvial gold was a major industry and supplied the flagging economy with new hope. Many miners suffered under the harsh conditions, but for a few, their find made the hard work worthwhile. Most men, however, left poorer than they had started off, with their hopes dashed.
2000 NAPA 500
The 2000 NAPA 500 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series racing event that was held on November 20, 2000, at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia. It was originally scheduled for November 19 but was postponed because of rain and run on Monday. It was the 34th and final race of the 2000 NASCAR season.

Jerry Nadeau, driving the #25 Michael Holigan Chevrolet Monte Carlo for Hendrick Motorsports, won the race. It was his first and only victory in the Winston Cup Series.

After the race, the Winston Cup was formally awarded to series champion Bobby Labonte, the driver of the #18 Interstate Batteries Pontiac Grand Prix for Joe Gibbs Racing. Labonte had won the Winston Cup championship the previous week by finishing 4th in the Pennzoil 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway, and he followed that up with a 5th place finish in this race.

Interstate Batteries
Interstate Battery System of America, Inc., a.k.a. Interstate Batteries, is a US privately owned battery marketing and distribution company. It markets automotive batteries manufactured by Brookfield Business Partners, Exide Technologies, and others through independent distributors. The company is headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and it also markets marine/RV, mobility, motorcycle, lawn and garden, and other lines of batteries in the starting, lighting and ignition (SLI) markets. Interstate Batteries operates a distributor network that supplies batteries to over 200,000 dealers. They also have distributors in Bermuda, Bolivia, Canada, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. Additionally, they operate over 200 corporate and franchise owned retail stores.
Mini Grey
Mini Grey is a British illustrator and writer of children's books, especially picture books for young children. She won the annual Kate Greenaway Medal from the professional librarians, recognising the year's best-illustrated children's book published in the UK, for The Adventures of the Dish and the Spoon, published by Jonathan Cape in 2006.

WorldCat reports from participating libraries that her most widely held work is Traction Man is Here, about the household adventures of a boy's action figure; published in 2005 by Cape and in the US by Random House (Alfred A. Knopf).

Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals
The Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP, pronounced /ˈsɪlɪp/ SIL-ip) is a professional body for librarians, information specialists and knowledge managers in the United Kingdom.

It was established in 2002 as a merger of the Library Association (LA, sometimes LAUK) and the Institute of Information Scientists (IIS).

CILIP in Scotland (CILIPS) is an independent organisation which operates in Scotland in affiliation with CILIP and delivers services via a service level agreement.

CILIP's 2020 goal is to "put information and library skills and professional values at the heart of a democratic, equal and prosperous society".
Tockholes
Tockholes is a village and civil parish which forms part of the Blackburn with Darwen unitary authority in the English county of Lancashire, England. Tockholes consists of the village of Tockholes itself and the hamlet of Ryal Fold, and has a population of 454, increasing to 478 at the 2011 Census. It lies on the West Pennine Moors and is surrounded by the towns of Blackburn to the north and Darwen to the east and by the villages of Belmont to the south and Withnell to the west.  Darwen Tower is a prominent local landmark that lies to the east of Tockholes and the Roddlesworth Reservoirs and Tockholes forest plantation lie to the south with the M65 passing to the north. There are two churches: Tockholes United Reformed Church and Saint Stephen's Church.

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
Antoine Le Moyne de Châteauguay
Antoine Le Moyne de Châteauguay (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twan lə mwan də ʃatoɡɛ]; or Antoine Lemoyne, seigneur de Chateaugué; 17 July 1683 – 21 March 1747) was a French soldier and colonial administrator who assisted in the foundation of the French colony of Louisiana in 1699–1702. He served in various posts in Mobile, Louisiana and Martinique.
He was governor of Cayenne (French Guiana) from 1738 to 1743, then governor of Île Royale (Cape Breton) from 1745.

Cayenne
Cayenne (/keɪˈɛn/; French pronunciation: [kajɛn] ⓘ; Guianese Creole French: Kayenn) is the prefecture and capital city of French Guiana, an overseas region and department of France located in South America.  The city stands on a former island at the mouth of the Cayenne River on the Atlantic coast.  The city's motto is "fert aurum industria", which means "work brings wealth". Cayenne is the largest Francophone city of the South American continent.

In the 2023 census, there were 153,884 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Cayenne (as defined by INSEE), 62,675 of whom lived in the city (commune) of Cayenne proper.
César Roux
César Roux (23 March 1857, in Mont-la-Ville – 21 December 1934, in Lausanne) was a Swiss surgeon, who described the Roux-en-Y procedure.

He studied medicine at the University of Bern, where his influences included Christoph Theodor Aeby and Theodor Langhans. Following graduation in 1880, he remained in Bern as an assistant to Theodor Kocher. In 1887 he became chief of both surgical departments at the cantonal hospital in Lausanne.

In 1885 he was named an associate professor of forensic medicine at the Academy of Lausanne, and when the academy achieved university status in 1890, he was appointed director of the surgical clinic at the faculty of medicine.

In 1926, Roux performed the first successful surgical removal of a pheochromocytoma.

Pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma (British English: phaeochromocytoma) is a rare tumor of the adrenal medulla composed of chromaffin cells and is a pharmacologically volatile, potentially lethal catecholamine-containing tumor of chromaffin tissue. It is part of the paraganglioma (PGL). These neuroendocrine tumors can be sympathetic, where they release catecholamines into the bloodstream which cause the most common symptoms, including hypertension (high blood pressure), tachycardia (fast heart rate), sweating, and headaches. Some PGLs may secrete little to no catecholamines, or only secrete paroxysmally (episodically), and other than secretions, PGLs can still become clinically relevant through other secretions or mass effect (most common with head and neck PGL). PGLs of the head and neck are typically parasympathetic and their sympathetic counterparts are predominantly located in the abdomen and pelvis, particularly concentrated at the organ of Zuckerkandl at the bifurcation of the aorta.