hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Makers: The New Industrial Revolution
Makers: The New Industrial Revolution is the third book written by Chris Anderson, Editor in chief of Wired magazine. The book was published on October 2, 2012, by Crown Business. He is also the author of  The Long Tail,  published in 2006. Makers focuses on a new industrial revolution as modern entrepreneurs, using open source design and 3-D printing, bring manufacturing to the desktop.

The book is largely based on his 2010 article, "In the Next Industrial Revolution, Atoms Are the New Bits". The ideas he portrayed, such as crowdsourcing of ideas, utilization of available lower-cost design and manufacturing tools, and reviewing options to outsource capital-intensive manufacturing were highlighted in the February 2010 Harvard Business Review article, "From Do It Yourself to Do It Together".

Open-design movement
The open-design movement involves the development of physical products, machines and systems through use of publicly shared design information. This includes the making of both free and open-source software (FOSS) as well as open-source hardware. The process is generally facilitated by the Internet and often performed without monetary compensation. The goals and philosophy of the movement are identical to that of the open-source movement, but are implemented for the development of physical products rather than software. Open design is a form of co-creation, where the final product is designed by the users, rather than an external stakeholder such as a private company.
2013 Oman Super Cup
The 2013 Oman Super Cup was the 11th edition of the Oman Super Cup, an annual football match between Al-Suwaiq Club, the champions of the 2012–13 Oman Elite League and the 2012–13 Sultan Qaboos Cup and Fanja SC, the runners-up of the 2012–13 Oman Elite League. The match was played at the Al-Seeb Stadium in Al-Seeb, Oman.

Seeb
Al-Seeb, alternatively known as As Seeb, As Sib, or Seeb (Arabic: ٱلسِّيْب, romanized: As-Sīb) is a coastal fishing province, located several kilometres northwest of Muscat, in northeastern Oman. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 470,878.

Landmarks include Burj Al Sahwa, the Naseem Garden, the Royal Stables and Equestrian Centre, Royal Guard of Oman Technical College, Al Baraka Palace, Muscat International Airport and Markaz al Bahja.
Ask My Mom
Ask My Mom is an American comedy web series created by American stand up comedian Maria Bamford. The series is broadcast on the internet and premiered on May 22, 2013. 9 episodes have been made and the show can be found distributed across the web including on Blip. Ask My Mom is about Maria playing both herself and her mother, whilst answering questions from viewers on just about anything and everything.

Blip.tv
Blip (formerly blip.tv) was an American  media platform for web series content and also offered a dashboard for producers of original web series to distribute and monetize their productions. The company was founded on May 5, 2005, and it was located in New York City (where the headquarters was located) and Los Angeles. It was financed by Bain Capital Ventures, Canaan Partners, and Ambient Sound Investments. Blip's mission statement was "to deliver the best original web series to audiences across multiple platforms." The site showcased a wide variety of dramas, comedies, arts, sports and other shows. Blip was acquired by Maker Studios in 2013 and shut down by them on August 20, 2015.
Orchards, Surrey
Orchards is an Arts and Crafts style house in Bramley in Surrey, England. It is on Bramley's boundary with  Busbridge and 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east of Godalming town centre. Described by English Heritage as the first major work of architect Edwin Lutyens, it is a Grade I listed building. The gardens are Grade II* listed in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. The property is privately owned.

Busbridge
Busbridge is a village in the civil parish of Godalming, in the borough of Waverley in Surrey, England that adjoins the town of Godalming. It was until the Tudor period often recorded as Bushbridge and was a manor and hamlet of Godalming until gaining an ecclesiastical parish in 1865 complemented by a secular, civil parish in 1933 until 1 April 2024. The rest of the former parish was renamed as Munstead and Tuesley.
Phillip Musica
Philip Mariano Fausto Musica (1877 – December 16, 1938), also known as F. Donald Coster, was an Italian swindler whose criminal career spanned parts of three decades. His various crimes included tax fraud, bank fraud, and bootlegging. However, he is best known as the mastermind of the McKesson and Robbins scandal in 1938, one of the largest financial scandals ever perpetuated by a single person.

Rum-running
Rum-running, or bootlegging, is the illegal business of smuggling alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law. The term rum-running is more commonly applied to smuggling over water; bootlegging is applied to smuggling over land.

Smuggling circumvents alcohol taxes and outright prohibition of alcohol sales.
Adjetey
Adjetey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cornelius Francis Adjetey, Ghanaian ex-serviceman shot dead in the 1948 Accra riots

Emmanuel Adjetey, Ghanaian footballer

Eric Adjetey Anang, Ghanaian sculptor and fantasy coffin carpenter

Jamie Adjetey-Nelson, Canadian athlete

Jonas Adjetey, Ghanaian footballer

Laryea Adjetey, Ghanaian footballer

Peter Ala Adjetey, Ghanaian politician and lawyer

Seth Ago-Adjetey, Ghanaian accountant and civil servant

Victoria Adjetey, Ghanaian politician

Cornelius Francis Adjetey
Sergeant Cornelius Francis Adjetey (died 28 February 1948) was a Ghanaian ex-serviceman and veteran of World War II. He was one of the three veterans – the others being Corporal Patrick Attipoe and Private Odartey Lamptey – shot dead by Major Imray while on their way to present a petition to Sir Gerald Creasy, who was Governor of Gold Coast at the time. The death of these three ex-servicemen led to the 1948 Accra riots.
Juan Manuel Alonso-Allende
Juan Manuel Alonso-Allende Allende (8 December 1918 – 10 March 1984) was a Spanish Olympic sailor who competed in three Olympic Games between 1948 and 1968. Alonso-Allende also was a world-class competitor in the Snipe, Star, Firefly and Flying Dutchman dinghy classes.

He won the Snipe class world championship in 1957. He also won the first edition of the Spanish championship of the class in 1942 as a crew with his brother, José Maria, and as a skipper in 1956 and 1957.

In the Star class, he was Spanish national champion in 1943, 1945, 1947, 1966, 1967 and 1968.

Snipe (dinghy)
The Snipe is an American sailing dinghy that was designed by William F. Crosby as a one design racer and first built in 1931.

The boat is a World Sailing recognized international class.

Sailboatdata.com summarizes the design as "one of the most popular sailing dinghies ever. (In its heyday, the largest sailboat racing class). Origins in the US. Built, sailed and raced around the world to this day."
Andrew Berg
Andrew Berg (Anders Berg; October 16, 1869 — March 1, 1939) was an immigrant to the District of Alaska who was a prominent fisher, hunter, and trapper.  He became the first licensed big game guide in Alaska.

District of Alaska
The District of Alaska was the federal government’s designation for Alaska from May 17, 1884, to August 24, 1912, when it became the Territory of Alaska. Previously (1867–1884) it had been known as the Department of Alaska, a military designation.

The designation as a district meant that Alaska became an incorporated but unorganized territory with a civil government. The governor of the District of Alaska was appointed by the president of the United States.
Bernese German phonology
Bernese German, like other High Alemannic varieties, has a two-way contrast in plosives and fricatives that is not based on voicing, but on length. The absence of voice in plosives and fricatives is typical for all High German varieties, but many of them have no two-way contrast due to general lenition.

Voiceless uvular fricative
A voiceless uvular fricative is a type of consonantal sound that is used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is either a Latin or Greek-style chi, ⟨χ⟩. The historical IPA symbol for this sound was ⟨ᴚ⟩, a turned small capital R, and was officially changed to ⟨χ⟩ in 1928. In Americanist phonetic notation the sound is represented by ⟨x̣⟩ (ex with underdot), or sometimes by ⟨x̌⟩ (ex with caron). In broad transcription it may be transcribed ⟨x⟩, or ⟨r⟩ if rhotic.
Pierce County, Minnesota
Pierce County was a county in Minnesota, created on March 5, 1853, from Dakota County. It was originally bounded by the Minnesota River to the west and the south, Nicollet County to the east, north fork of the Crow River to the north, and Pembina County in the northwest. It was fully dissolved and incorporated into Big Sioux, Davis and Renville Counties in 1855.

Nicollet County, Minnesota
Nicollet County (/ˈnɪkəlɪt/ NIH-kə-lit) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 34,454. Its county seat is St. Peter.

Nicollet County is part of the Mankato–North Mankato Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Parelius Mentsen
Parelius Meyer Mentsen (1 October 1902 – 22 April 1985) was a Norwegian trade unionist, who served as leader of the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO) from 1965 to 1969.

Mentsen was born in Ballangen Municipality in Ofoten, Norway. He was a timberer by education and occupation, but soon joined trade union and the Norwegian Labour Party in Narvik. He became secretary of the trade union (Samorg) in Finmark in 1936 and worked at the Tromsø office of Confederation of Trade Unions from 1940. In 1946 he was elected secretary of the Confederation of Trade Unions with office in Oslo.

He became the deputy leader of the Confederation of Trade Unions from 1950 to 1965 and leader from 1965 to 1969. He was elected leader as a compromise candidate after Konrad Nordahl and only served one term. During his time, the trade union made a collective home insurance contract available for members.

Ofoten
Ofoten is a traditional district in Nordland county in Northern Norway.  It consists of Evenes Municipality, Narvik Municipality, and Lødingen Municipality. It is named after the main fjord, Ofotfjorden, which is at the center of this district. The 7,829-square-kilometre (3,023 sq mi) district was home to 29,968 residents in 2016, with almost half of the residents living in the town of Narvik.
Forfeda
The forfeda (sing. forfid) are the "additional" letters of the Ogham alphabet, beyond the basic inventory of twenty signs. Their name derives from fid ("wood", a term also used for Ogham letters) and the prefix for- ("additional"). The most important of these are five forfeda which were arranged in their own aicme or class, and were invented in the Old Irish period, several centuries after the peak of Ogham usage. They appear to have represented sounds felt to be missing from the original alphabet, maybe é(o), ó(i), ú(i), p and ch.

Auraicept na n-Éces
Auraicept na nÉces (Old Irish: [ˈœɾikʲept̪ n̪a ˈn̠ʲeːgʲes]; "The Scholars' Primer") is an Old Irish text on language and grammar. The core of the text may date to the early eighth century, but much material was added between that date and the production of the earliest surviving copies from the end of the fourteenth century. The text is the first instance of a defence of a western European vernacular, defending the spoken Irish language over Latin, predating Dante's De vulgari eloquentia by several hundred years.
Yvridiosuchus
Yvridiosuchus (meaning "hybrid crocodile") is an extinct genus of machimosaurid crocodyliform from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian age) Cornbrash Formation of England and the Sommet de la Grande Oolithe, Calvados, France.

Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from about 174.1 to 161.5 million years ago. Fossils of land-dwelling animals, such as dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic are relatively rare, but geological formations containing land animal fossils include the Forest Marble Formation in England, the Kilmaluag Formation in Scotland, the Calcaire de Caen of France, the Daohugou Beds in China, the Itat Formation in Russia, the Tiourarén Formationof Niger, and the Isalo III Formation of western Madagascar. Rocks of the Middle Jurassic were formerly (until about 1980s) in Europe called Dogger or Brown Jurassic.
Lecithocera acrosphales
Lecithocera acrosphales is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1918. It is found on Madagascar.

The wingspan is about 15 mm. The forewings are violet fuscous sprinkled darker and the hindwings are grey.

Lecithoceridae
The Lecithoceridae, or long-horned moths, are a family of small moths described by Simon Le Marchand in 1947. Although lecithocerids are found throughout the world, the great majority are found in the Indomalayan realm and the southern part of the Palaearctic realm.
Huget
Huget is a surname. Huget is one of the names carried to England in the great wave of migration from Normandy following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It is based on the Norman given name Hugh.

Notable people with the surname include:

Bob Huget (1947–2022), Canadian politician

Virginia Huget (1899–1991), American comic strip artist and writer

Wolfgang Huget (born 1977), German golfer

Yoann Huget (born 1987), French rugby union player

Virginia Huget
Virginia Clark (December 22, 1899 – June 27, 1991), better known as Virginia Huget, was a prolific and versatile American comic strip artist and writer. She is known for her comic strips depicting flappers and for broadening the flapper image by depicting them as young working women as opposed to freewheeling and carefree, which was the commonly used stereotype at the time.
Crozon
Crozon (French pronunciation: [kʁɔzɔ̃], [kʁozɔ̃]; Breton: Kraozon [ˈkrɔːzõn], locally [ˈkraõn]) is a commune in the department of Finistère and the administrative region of Brittany, northwestern France. Besides the town of Crozon, the village of Morgat is part of the commune.

Crozon is located on the Crozon Peninsula on the west coast of Finistère. It is bordered by the communes of Camaret-sur-Mer to the west, Roscanvel to the northwest, Lanvéoc to the north, Landévennec to the north-east and Telgruc-sur-Mer to the east. Crozon is the chef-lieu of the arrondissement of Châteaulin. Louis Jouvet, a French actor, was born in Crozon in 1887.

Crozon harbours Île Longue, the base of the French strategic nuclear submarines.

Arrondissement
An arrondissement (UK: /æˈrɒndiːsmɒ̃, ˌærɒnˈdiːsmɒ̃/, US: /æˌrɒndiːsˈmɒ̃, -ˌroʊn-, əˈrɒndɪsmənt/, French: [aʁɔ̃dismɑ̃] ⓘ) is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, and certain other Francophone countries, as well as the Netherlands.
Rivaz (surname)
Rivaz or de Rivaz is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alice Rivaz (1901–1998), Swiss author

Charles Montgomery Rivaz (1845–1926), British colonial administrator

Claude Rivaz (1872–1958), English artist and footballer

François Isaac de Rivaz (1752–1828), French inventor and politician

Pierre de Rivaz (1711–1772), French clockmaker

Vincent de Rivaz (born 1953), French businessman

François Isaac de Rivaz
François Isaac de Rivaz (December 19, 1752, in Paris – July 30, 1828, in Sion) was a French-born Swiss inventor and a politician. He invented a hydrogen-powered internal combustion engine with electric ignition and described it in a French patent published in 1807. In 1808 he fitted it into a primitive working vehicle – "the world's first internal combustion powered automobile".
Hot potato
Hot potato is a party game that involves players gathering in a circle and tossing a small object such as a beanbag or even a soft ball to each other while music plays. The player who is holding the object when the music stops is eliminated.

Circle
A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is called the radius. The length of a line segment connecting two points on the circle and passing through the centre is called the diameter. A circle bounds a region of the plane called a disc.

The circle has been known since before the beginning of recorded history. Natural circles are common, such as the full moon or a slice of round fruit. The circle is the basis for the wheel, which, with related inventions such as gears, makes much of modern machinery possible. In mathematics, the study of the circle has helped inspire the development of geometry, astronomy and calculus.
Çerikli
Çerikli is a town (belde) in the Delice District, Kırıkkale Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,000 (2022). It is situated on Turkish state highway D.220 and the railroad. The distance to Delice is 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) and to Kırıkkale is 64 kilometres (40 mi). According to town page the history of the settlement goes back to ancient ages. 11th-century Turkmen tribes were settled in Çerikli. After Seljuks of Turkey and Eretna domination, it was incorporated into Ottoman realm. In 1967 Çerikli was declared a seat of township. The main economic sector is agriculture. But animal breeding and light industry also play a role in town economy.

Kırıkkale Province
Kırıkkale Province (Turkish: Kırıkkale ili) is a province of Turkey. It is located on the crossroads of major highways east of Ankara leading east to the Black Sea region. Its area is 4,791 km2, and its population is 277,046 (2022). With its rapid population growth it has become an industrial center. The province was established in 1989 from part of Ankara Province. The provincial capital is Kırıkkale.

Kırıkkale is a rapidly growing town in central Turkey, on the Ankara-Kayseri railway near the Kızılırmak River. Formerly a village, it owes its rapid rise in population mainly to the establishment of steel mills in the 1950s. These works, among the largest in the country, specialize in high-quality alloy steel and machinery. In the 1960s chemical plants were added.
Rohn emergency scale
The Rohn emergency scale is a scale on which the magnitude (intensity) of an emergency is measured. It was first proposed in 2006, and explained in more detail in a peer-reviewed paper presented at a 2007 system sciences conference. The idea was further refined later that year. The need for such a scale was ratified in two later independent publications. It is the first scale that quantifies any emergency based on a mathematical model. The scale can be tailored for use at any geographic level – city, county, state or continent. It can be used to monitor the development of an ongoing emergency event, as well as forecast the probability and nature of a potential developing emergency and in the planning and execution of a National Response Plan.

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
The Bourne Identity (soundtrack)
The Bourne Identity (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score composed by John Powell to the 2002 film The Bourne Identity, directed by Doug Liman, based on Robert Ludlum's 1980 novel of the same name; it is the first installment in the Bourne franchise, and the film stars Matt Damon as the titular protagonist Jason Bourne. The score album was released by Varèse Sarabande on June 11, 2002.

Doug Liman
Douglas Eric Liman (/ˈlaɪmən/; born July 24, 1965) is an American film director and producer. He is known for directing the films Swingers (1996), Go (1999), The Bourne Identity (2002), Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005), Jumper (2008), Edge of Tomorrow (2014), American Made (2017), and Road House (2024).

Most of his career has been associated with the production company Hypnotic. He is co-owner with Dave Bartis, whom he met as an undergraduate at Brown University where they co-founded Brown Television (BTV) and the National Association of College Broadcasters (NACB).

Liman is on the advisory board of the Legal Action Center and the Arthur Liman Public Interest Program at Yale Law School.
Beat (magazine)
Beat is a free monthly tabloid-sized music, arts and culture magazine (street press), website and social media network published and distributed in Melbourne, Australia. It's Melbourne's longest running street press, and one of the earliest street press magazines after TAGG.

Beat paused its print edition between March 2020-May 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and prolonged Victorian lockdowns, but has since resumed publishing.

Tabloid (newspaper format)
A tabloid is a newspaper format characterized by its compact size, smaller than a broadsheet. The term originates from the 19th century, when the London-based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. used the term to describe compressed pills, later adopted by newspapers to denote condensed content. There are two main types of tabloid newspaper: red tops and compact, distinguished by editorial style.

Red top tabloids are distinct from broadsheet newspapers, which traditionally cater to more affluent, educated audiences with in-depth reporting and analysis. However, the line between tabloids and broadsheets has blurred in recent decades, as many broadsheet newspapers have adopted tabloid or compact formats to reduce costs and attract readers.

Globally, the tabloid format has been adapted to suit regional preferences and media landscapes. In countries like Germany and Australia, tabloids such as Bild and The Daily Telegraph have significant readerships and political clout.
Sharad Singh Bhandari
Sharad Singh Bhandari is a Nepalese Revolutionary politician, belonging to the Communist Party Nepal(Maoist Centre). In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election he was elected from the Achham-2 constituency, winning 17976 votes.

Achham District
Achham (Nepali: अछाम जिल्ला pronounced [ʌt͡sʰam] ⓘ) is a district located in Sudurpashchim province and one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is one of the nine districts of the province. The district, with Mangalsen as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,692 km2 and has a population (2011) of 257,477.
Tyrannodoris tigris
Tyrannodoris tigris is a species of sea slug, a polycerid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Polyceridae. It is a known predator of Tambje eliora and Tambje abdere, two species of smaller nudibranchs. The chemical extracts of all three species contain tambjamines, which were traced to Sessibugula translucens, a food source of these species. It is hypothesized that tambjamines are a chemical defence mechanism against feeding by the spotted kelpfish Gibbonsia elegans.

Gibbonsia elegans
Gibbonsia elegans, the spotted kelpfish (called sargacero or sargacero manchado in Mexico), is a species of clinid native to subtropical waters of the Pacific Ocean from central California, U.S. to southern Baja California, Mexico. It prefers subtidal rocky habitats with seaweed down to a depth of about 56 metres (184 ft). This species can reach a maximum length of 16 centimetres (6.3 in). This species feeds on benthic crustaceans (amphipods, isopods, crabs), gastropods, and polychaete worms. The genus Gibbonsia is named after William P. Gibbons who was a naturalist in the California Academy of Science. The spotted kelpfish occurs in three different color morphs (red, green, and brown), depending on which plants occur in an individual's habitat. Males and females do not show sexual dimorphism.