hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Urzhum, Urzhumsky District, Kirov Oblast
Urzhum (Russian: Уржу́м; Mari: Вӱрзым, Vürzym or Ӱржӱм, Üržüm) is a town and the administrative center of Urzhumsky District in Kirov Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Urzhumka River about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) from its confluence with the Vyatka River. Population:  10,213 (2010 Census); 11,514 (2002 Census); 12,101 (1989 Soviet census).

Vyatka (river)
The Vyatka is a river in Kirov Oblast and Tatarstan in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Kama. It is 1,314 kilometres (816 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 129,000 square kilometres (50,000 mi2).

The Vyatka begins in the northern parts of Udmurtia. It freezes over in the early November and remains so until the second half of April. The Vyatka teems with fish, including bream, roach, tench, sheat fish, pike, European perch, zander, etc.

The Vyatka is navigable from its mouth to the city of Kirov, 700 kilometres (430 mi) upriver. Kirov was formerly known as Vyatka after the river before it was renamed  in 1934. The main ports are Kirov, Kotelnich, Sovetsk, and Vyatskiye Polyany.
Onorato Caetani (died 1400)
Onorato I Caetani (c. 1336 – 20 April 1400) was an Italian nobleman, who was the count of Fondi from 1348 and the Great Constable of the Kingdom of Naples also from 1348. He was also lord of Sermoneta, Bassiano, Marino and also Senator of Rome from 1384.

Marino, Lazio
Marino (Latin: Marinum or Castrimoenium, Marino dialect: Marini) is an Italian comune with 46,676 inhabitants located in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital in Lazio.

Situated south of the capital, on the Alban Hills in the area of the Roman Castles, nestled between Rocca di Papa, Castel Gandolfo, and Grottaferrata, the town was a significant military outpost on the Ager Romanus throughout the Middle Ages, a popular vacation destination, and an important commercial hub due to its strategic position on the highway between Rome and Naples, which was frequented until the reopening of the faster Via Appia Nuova around 1780.

Primarily associated with viticulture, Marino is the birthplace of the eponymous white wine with Denominazione di Origine Controllata status, and its name is tied to the renowned Wine Festival, the oldest event of its kind in Italy. It has a distinctive dialect, different from that of the Roman Castles, the Marino dialect.
Kyrylo Azarov
Kyrylo Valeriyovych Azarov (Ukrainian: Кирило Валерійович Азаров, born 14 December 2007 in Kyiv) is a Ukrainian diver.

In 2022, Kyrylo won two gold medals in springboard events at the 2022 European Junior Swimming Championships held in Otopeni, one in the 1m and on in the 3m. The same year, he also won a gold medal in the 1 m springboard event at the 2022 World Junior Championships in Montréal.

The following years, he competed at the 2023 European Junior Diving Championships in Rijeka, where he received gold medals in the mixed team and 3m synchronized springboard events, as well as a bronze medal in the 3m springboard event.

At the 2024 European Junior Diving Championships, held in Rzeszów, Azarov won three silver medals in the 3 m synchro and 3 m springboard events, and also in the mixed team.

He is currently dating with an artistic swimmer Anastasiia Shmonina.

Anastasiia Shmonina
Anastasiia Shmonina (Ukrainian: Анастасія Вікторівна Шмоніна; born 7 May 2005) is a Ukrainian synchronised swimmer. She is a World champion and multiple European champion. She represents Kharkiv Oblast.
William Edward Moyses Reilly
Major General William Edward Moyses Reilly (13 July 1827 – 28 July 1886), born Scarva, County Down, on 13 January 1827, was fourth son of James Miles Reilly of Cloon Eavin, Co. Down, by Emilia, second daughter of the Rev Hugh Montgomery of Grey Abbey. He was educated at Christ's Hospital, and at the age of fifteen became a cadet at the Royal Military Academy Woolwich.

Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
The Royal Military Academy (RMA) at Woolwich, in south-east London, was a British Army military academy for the training of commissioned officers of the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers. It later also trained officers of the Royal Corps of Signals and other technical corps. RMA Woolwich was commonly known as "The Shop" because its first building was a converted workshop of the Woolwich Arsenal.
Fruit Pie the Magician
Fruit Pie the Magician was the official mascot for Hostess fruit pies for over three decades, from 1973 until at least early 2006. Fruit Pie the Magician was featured in print ads in comic books as well as animated in television commercials. The character appeared on Hostess product labels as an anthropomorphic fruit pie sporting a cape, white gloves, a top hat, and a magic wand.

Hostess described the mascot: "Fruit Pie the Magician loves to entertain friends with his wacky magic tricks. His favorite magic trick is to make Hostess Fruit Pies appear out of thin air. You always have to keep an eye on the Magician, or else he may play a trick on you."

Wand
A wand is a thin, light-weight rod that is held with one hand, and is traditionally made of wood, but may also be made of other materials, such as metal, bone or stone. Long versions of wands are often styled in forms of staves or sceptres, which could have large ornamentation on the top.

In modern times, wands are usually associated with stage magic or supernatural magic, but there have been other uses, all stemming from the original meaning as a synonym of rod and virge. A stick that is used for reaching, pointing, drawing in the dirt, and directing other people, is one of the earliest and simplest of tools.
James G. Baker (politician)
James Glen Baker (June 25, 1938 - April 17, 2020) was an American Democratic politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives.  He was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and was educated in Kansas City public schools in Missouri, University of Missouri-Columbia, and Harvard University.  He served in the United States Army for 3 years.  He narrowly lost the Missouri Attorney General's election in 1976 to future governor, U.S. senator, and United States Attorney General John Ashcroft.  Baker died in 2020 from COVID-19.

1976 Missouri Attorney General election
The 1976 Missouri Attorney General election was held on November 2, 1976, in order to elect the attorney general of Missouri. Republican nominee and former state auditor of Missouri John Ashcroft defeated Democratic nominee and incumbent member of the Missouri House of Representatives James G. Baker.
Natural State
A natural state refers to

the (speculative) pristine state of earth and its ecosystems in prehistory

the economical, social, and ecological state of things in previously so-called "primitives" or indigenous cultures

Natural State could refer to the following:

The original name for the novel Masters of Evolution

The state nickname for the U.S. state of Arkansas

A state characterized by its existence as a limited access order

State of nature

Douglass North
Douglass Cecil North (November 5, 1920 – November 23, 2015) was an American economist known for his work in economic history. Along with Robert Fogel, he received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1993. In the words of the Nobel Committee, North and Fogel "renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change."

North was an influential figure in New Institutional Economics, which emphasizes the impact of institutions on economic behaviors and outcomes. North argued, "Institutions provide the incentive structure of an economy; as that structure evolves, it shapes the direction of economic change towards growth, stagnation, or decline." Rational and wealth-maximizing individuals lack complete information and have difficulties monitoring and enforcing agreements. Institutions can provide information and reduce transaction costs, thus encouraging economic activity.
Treaty of Merseburg
The Treaty of Merseburg of 1033 was an agreement between the Salian Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II and the Piast king of Poland Mieszko II Lambert, settling the question of Polish succession which had been contested between Mieszko Lambert and his half-brothers Bezprym, Otto, and Dytryk, since the death of Bolesław I the Brave. Poland was divided into three parts with Mieszko Lambert designated as the supreme ruler. In exchange for the Emperor's support however, Mieszko was forced to renounce the title of king, which had been acquired in 1025 by his father and give up control over Lusatia and Upper Lusatia. Soon after the treaty was concluded, however, Otto died of natural causes and Mieszko prevented Dietric from assuming power in his portion of the divided Poland. Mieszko also subsequently continued to use the title of king until his death shortly after the treaty in 1034.

Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 960–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great.

Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.
René Lévesque Park
René Lévesque Park (French: Parc René-Lévesque) is an urban park in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located in the borough of Lachine on a jetty between the Saint Lawrence River and the end of the Lachine Canal. Approximately 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft) in area, it is named after René Lévesque, the premier of Quebec from 1976 to 1985.

The park features a bicycle path, an arboretum and several species of birds. Road access to the park is mainly through the Chemin du Canal, an extension of Saint Patrick Street.

René Lévesque
René Lévesque (August 24, 1922 – November 1, 1987) was a Canadian politician and journalist who served as the 23rd premier of Quebec from 1976 to 1985. He was the first Québécois political leader since Confederation to seek, through a referendum, a mandate to negotiate the political independence of Quebec. Starting his career as a reporter, and radio and television host, he later became known for his eminent role in Quebec's nationalization of hydro-electric companies and as an ardent defender of Quebec sovereignty. He was the founder of the Parti Québécois, and before that, a Liberal minister in the Lesage government from 1960 to 1966.
1000 Hurts
1000 Hurts is the third studio album by American rock band Shellac, released on August 8, 2000. In its official promotional materials Shellac jokingly described this album as follows: "There are no 12-minute songs on this one. This record is more mean-spirited. Todd sings."

The cover is a clear homage to old Ampex audio recording tape boxes. The band are known for using analog tape for their recordings, and are fans of Ampex tape and tape recorders. The speech at the start of the record is a variation on the announcements one would hear on Magnetic Reference Laboratory's calibration tapes for analog tape recorders. The title refers to one-thousand Hertz (rendered 1000 Hz), a measure used in audio recording describing a sine wave cycling 1,000 times per second.

1000 Hurts was named Rockfeedback's record of the decade, in 2009. Jehnny Beth of Savages named the album one of her biggest influences, saying that it had made her "want to be a bassist".

Savages (band)
Savages were an English rock band formed in 2011 in London. The band consisted of Jehnny Beth (vocals), Gemma Thompson (guitars), Ayse Hassan (bass), and Fay Milton (drums). Their debut album, Silence Yourself was released on 6 May 2013 via Matador Records. It reached number 19 in the UK Albums Chart in May 2013, and was critically acclaimed. It peaked at number 5 on the Irish and the UK Independent Albums Chart, and at number 13 on the US Billboard Independent Albums chart. The band's second album Adore Life, was released on 22 January 2016. Both albums were nominated for the Mercury Prize, in 2013 and 2016 respectively.
Artaphernes (nephew of Darius I)
Artaphernes (Greek: Ἀρταφέρνης, Old Persian: Artafarna, from Median Rtafarnah), son of Artaphernes, was the nephew of Darius the Great, and a general of the Achaemenid Empire.

He was appointed, together with Datis, to take command of the expedition sent by Darius to punish Athens and Eretria for their support for the Ionian Revolt. Artaphernes and Datis besieged and destroyed Eretria, but were beaten by the Athenians at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.

Ten years later, Artaphernes is recorded as being in command of the Lydians and Mysians in the Second Persian invasion of Greece.

Old Persian
Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the Sasanian Empire). Like other Old Iranian languages, it was known to its native speakers as ariya (Iranian). Old Persian is close to both Avestan and Vedic Sanskrit, and all three languages are highly inflected.

Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, clay tablets and seals of the Achaemenid era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now Iran,  Armenia, Bahrain, Iraq, Turkey and Egypt, with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the Behistun Inscription (dated to 522 BCE).

In 2007, research into the vast Persepolis Administrative Archives at the Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.
Quincy Treffers
Quincy Treffers (born February 4, 1991, in Den Helder, Netherlands) is a former Dutch basketball player. He played for Dutch Basketball League clubs Bergen op Zoom, Den Helder, Weert and Aris Leeuwarden.

BV Den Helder
BV Den Helder was a professional basketball club from Den Helder, Netherlands. The team had several seasons in the Dutch Basketball League, the highest professional league in the Netherlands. The club is currently inactive, however Den Helder Suns has replaced the club as professional team from Den Helder.

The club has won the Dutch League six times and the NBB Cup once. The club had a long history of financial troubles, with the club being dissolved three times. The last time the club appeared at the highest level was in 2014, as the professional team was declared bankrupt during that season.
Psychopathic Murder Mix Volume 1
Psychopathic Murder Mix Volume 1 is a remix album by Mike E. Clark. Released on June 23, 2009, it features mashups and remixes of songs by Insane Clown Posse, Twiztid, Boondox, Prozak, King Gordy and Blaze Ya Dead Homie. It also features appearances by Awesome Dre, The R.O.C. and Esham.

King Gordy
Waverly Walter Alford III (born August 18, 1977), known professionally by his stage name King Gordy, is an American rapper and singer from Detroit, Michigan. He is one-fourth of underground hip hop group the Fat Killahz (with Fatt Father, Marv Won and Bang Belushi), one-third of the horrorcore supergroup How to Gag a Maggot (with Jimmy Donn and GrewSum), and one-half of the hardcore rap duos Last American Rock Stars (with Bizarre of D12) and Even Heathens (with ILLtemper.) He is currently signed to his self-owned record label King of Van Dyke Entertainment, which he unofficially launched during late 2018.
Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1962
Yugoslavia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1962 with the song "Ne pali svetla u sumrak" (Не пали светла у сумрак), composed by Jože Privšek, with lyrics by Drago Britvić, and performed by Lola Novaković. The Yugoslavian participating broadcaster, Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija (JRT), selected its entry through Jugovizija 1962.

Yugoslav Radio Television
Yugoslav Radio Television (Jugoslavenska radiotelevizija/Југословенска радиотелевизија or Jugoslavenska radio-televizija/Југословенска радио-телевизија; JRT/ЈРТ) was the national public broadcasting system in the SFR Yugoslavia. It consisted of eight subnational radio and television broadcast centers with each one headquartered in one of the six constituent republics and two autonomous provinces of Yugoslavia.
Puig des Molins
The Puig des Molins (literally "Windmills' Hill") is a medieval Islamic rural property, and an archaeological museum in Ibiza Town (Island of Ibiza, Balearic Islands, Spain), containing the Punic Necropolis of Puig des Molins. The museum was opened in 1966.

Ibiza
Ibiza (/ɪˈbiːzə/ (US) /ɪˈbiːθə/ (UK); Spanish: [iˈβiθa]; Catalan: Eivissa [əjˈvisə]; see below) or Iviza is a Spanish island in the Mediterranean Sea off the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. It is 150 kilometres (93 miles) from the city of Valencia. It is the third largest of the Balearic Islands in area, but the second-largest by population. Its largest settlements are Ibiza Town (Catalan: Vila d'Eivissa, or simply Vila), Santa Eulària des Riu, and Sant Antoni de Portmany. Its highest point, called Sa Talaiassa (or Sa Talaia), is 475 metres (1,558 feet) above sea level.

Ibiza is well known for its nightlife and electronic dance music club scene in  the summer, which attract large numbers of tourists. The island's government and the Spanish Tourist Office have worked toward promoting more family-oriented tourism.

Ibiza is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Ibiza and the nearby island of Formentera to its south are called the Pine Islands, or "Pityuses".
Battery Wilkes
Battery Wilkes is a historic artillery battery located at West Ashley, Charleston, South Carolina. It was built in 1862, as a part of the western exterior defense line. It is a small earthen redoubt has a 10-foot-high parapet wall and a 15-foot-high powder magazine.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

West Ashley
West Ashley, or more formally, west of the Ashley, is one of the six distinct areas of the city proper of Charleston, South Carolina. As of July 2022, its estimated population was 83,996. Its name is derived from the fact that the land is west of the Ashley River.
1998 Sydney International – Women's doubles
Gigi Fernández and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario were the defending champions but only Sánchez Vicario competed that year with Manon Bollegraf.

Bollegraf and Sánchez Vicario lost in the quarterfinals to Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs.

Martina Hingis and Helena Suková won in the final 6–1, 6–2 against Katrina Adams and Meredith McGrath.

Rennae Stubbs
Rennae Stubbs (born 26 March 1971) is an Australian former professional tennis player, coach and television commentator. She was ranked number 1 in the world in doubles, and the winner of 4 major doubles titles and 2 mixed doubles titles as well as 66 WTA doubles titles. She is the host of "The Rennae Stubbs Tennis Podcast". She worked at the Seven Network between 2011 and 2018 as an analyst and is now a full time commentator for ESPN tennis. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. In January 2019, Stubbs received the OLY post-nominal title at the Brisbane International tournament. She is also the longest-serving member of the Australian BJK Cup team.
Me and Will
Me and Will is a 1999 road drama film written, starring and directed by Melissa Behr and Sherrie Rose. Additional casting includes Patrick Dempsey, Seymour Cassel, Grace Zabriskie, M. Emmet Walsh, Billy Wirth, Johnny Whitworth, John Enos III, and Julie McCullough.

It was produced by Melissa Behr, Sherrie Rose, Pierre David, Joey Forsyte, Jason Hall, Gary Kohn, and Vesco Razpopov. The film's score was composed by Wild Colonials guitarist, Shark with Additional Music by Matt Sorum & Thomas Morse.

The movie's tagline is Nobody rides for free. In the film, two women (Rose and Behr) meet while going to rehab. They discover that they've both longed to ride Captain America's red, white, and blue motorcycle from Easy Rider (1969) and they escape the rehab clinic and go on the highway in search of their dream bike.

Wild Colonials
Wild Colonials are an American alternative rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1992 by Angela McCluskey (vocals), Shark (guitar/vocals/percussion), Paul Cantelon (violin/piano), Scott Roewe (multi-instrumentalist) and Ian Bernard (drums/percussion). After 1993 members included Thaddeus Corea and Jason Payne on drums/percussion and Skip Ward on bass.
2000 Pilot Pen Tennis – Doubles
Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs were the defending champions, but lost in semifinals to Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez.

Julie Halard-Decugis and Ai Sugiyama won the title by defeating Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez 6–4, 5–7, 6–2 in the final.

Rennae Stubbs
Rennae Stubbs (born 26 March 1971) is an Australian former professional tennis player, coach and television commentator. She was ranked number 1 in the world in doubles, and the winner of 4 major doubles titles and 2 mixed doubles titles as well as 66 WTA doubles titles. She is the host of "The Rennae Stubbs Tennis Podcast". She worked at the Seven Network between 2011 and 2018 as an analyst and is now a full time commentator for ESPN tennis. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. In January 2019, Stubbs received the OLY post-nominal title at the Brisbane International tournament. She is also the longest-serving member of the Australian BJK Cup team.
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll b is a form of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll b helps in photosynthesis by absorbing light energy. It is more soluble than chlorophyll a in polar solvents because of its carbonyl group. Its color is green, and it primarily absorbs blue light.

In land plants, the light-harvesting antennae around photosystem II contain the majority of chlorophyll b. Hence, in shade-adapted chloroplasts, which have an increased ratio of photosystem II to photosystem I, there is a higher ratio of chlorophyll b to chlorophyll a. This is adaptive, as increasing chlorophyll b increases the range of wavelengths absorbed by the shade chloroplasts.

Carbonyl group
In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula C=O, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. It is common to several classes of organic compounds (such as aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acid), as part of many larger functional groups. A compound containing a carbonyl group is often referred to as a carbonyl compound.

The term carbonyl can also refer to carbon monoxide as a ligand in an inorganic or organometallic complex (a metal carbonyl, e.g. nickel carbonyl).

The remainder of this article concerns itself with the organic chemistry definition of carbonyl, such that carbon and oxygen share a double bond.
Noise, Water, Meat: A History of Sound In The Arts
Noise, Water, Meat: A History of Sound in the Arts is a book by historian and theorist Douglas Kahn. First published in 1999, the book charts a history of sound in the arts through the arc of modernism, the avant-garde, late-modernism, the experimentalism of John Cage, the work of the generation following him including artists such as Allan Kaprow, George Brecht, and Yoko Ono, as well as writers William S. Burroughs and Michael McLure, and filmmakers Dziga Vertov, Sergei Eisenstein and Grigori Alexandrov. In doing so, Kahn uses the book to call for a form of historiographic listening that through which a new understanding of cultural history and theory can be drawn.

Michael McClure
Michael McClure (October 20, 1932 – May 4, 2020) was an American poet, playwright, songwriter, and novelist. After moving to San Francisco as a young man, he found fame as one of the five poets (including Allen Ginsberg) who read at the famous San Francisco Six Gallery reading in 1955, which was barely fictionalized in Jack Kerouac's The Dharma Bums. He soon became a key member of the Beat Generation and was immortalized as Pat McLear in Kerouac's Big Sur.