hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Little Smokey Smothers
Little Smokey Smothers (January 2, 1939 – November 20, 2010) was a Chicago blues guitarist and singer. He played with the Paul Butterfield Blues Band and played with other Chicago blues musicians in the 1960s, then left music for most of the 1970s. He returned to music in the late 1970s and continued performing until his death in 2010.

His elder brother was the bluesman Otis "Big Smokey" Smothers (died 1993), with whom he was sometimes confused.

The Paul Butterfield Blues Band
The Paul Butterfield Blues Band was an American blues and blues-rock band from Chicago. Formed in the summer of 1963, the group originally featured eponymous vocalist and harmonicist Paul Butterfield, guitarist Elvin Bishop, bassist Jerome Arnold, and drummer Sam Lay. The band added guitarist Mike Bloomfield and keyboardist Mark Naftalin before recording their self-titled debut album, which was released in October 1965. The founding sextet were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2015, along with Billy Davenport, their drummer on their second album, East-West.
Alpine skiing at the 2006 Winter Paralympics – Women's super-G
Women's super-G events at the 2006 Winter Paralympics were contested at Sestriere on 13 and 14 March.

There were 3 events. Each was contested by skiers from a range of disability classes, and the standings were decided by applying a disability factor to the actual times achieved.

2006 Winter Paralympics
The 2006 Winter Paralympic Games (Italian: Giochi paralimpici invernali del 2006), the ninth Paralympic Winter Games, took place in Turin, Italy, from 10 to 19 March 2006.  These were the first Winter Paralympic Games to be held in Italy. They were also the first Paralympics to use the new Paralympics logo.

20 years later, Italy will host the Winter Paralympics again in 2026, scheduled to be held in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.
Amanullah Khan Afshar
Amanallah Khan Khamseh-Afshar (Persian: امان الله خان خمسه افشار) was one of the most prominent commanders in the army of the Qajar shah (king) of Iran, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834).

A member of the Afshar clan of Zanjan (which he briefly governed), he was a son of Farajallah Khan Afshar. In 1806, during the Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813, Amanallah Khan was amongst the commanders assigned with the task to aid Ibrahim Khalil Khan, the khan (governor) of the Karabakh Khanate. However, by the time he had arrived, Ibrahim Khalil Khan had been murdered by the Russians.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Köpings IS
Köpings IS (KIS) is a sports club in Köping, Sweden, mostly active with playing bandy, floorball and handball, earlier also soccer. The soccer section merged with Forsby FF in 1990 to form Köpings FF. The club colours are yellow and black. The club was founded in 1910.

The men's bandy team has played several seasons in the Swedish top division.

The club had played in the second-level bandy league in Sweden, Allsvenskan, since the start of the present Allsvenskan in 2007 but was relegated to Division 1 in 2013. The club got promoted to Allsvenskan again for the 2014–15 season.

Köping Municipality
Köping Municipality (Swedish: Köpings kommun) is a municipality in Västmanland County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Köping.

The municipality was created in 1971, when the former City of Köping was merged with the municipalities of Kolsva, Medåker and Munktorp forming a new municipality of unitary type.
Nyren
Nyren is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Carl Nyrén (1917–2011), Swedish architect

John Nyren (1764–1837), English cricket player and author

Jonas Nyrén, Swedish metal vocalist

Njogu Demba-Nyrén (born 1979), Gambian football player

Pål Nyrén (born 1955), Swedish biochemist

Richard Nyren (1734–1797), English cricket player

Pål Nyrén
Pål Nyrén (born 1955) was, as of June 2009, a biochemistry professor at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm. He is known for having developed the pyrosequencing method for DNA sequencing.
Machiya Station
Machiya Station (町屋駅, Machiya-eki) is a train station in Arakawa, Tokyo, Japan, operated by Keisei Electric Railway and Tokyo Metro. This article also covers Machiya-ekimae Station (町屋駅前停留場, Machiya-ekimae teiryūjō), operated by Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation (Toei).

Arakawa, Tokyo
Arakawa (荒川区, Arakawa-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The ward takes its name from the Arakawa River, though the river does not run through or touch the ward. The ward borders the Sumida River, which was once the lower section of the Arakawa river. Neighboring wards are Adachi, Kita, Bunkyo, Taito and Sumida. In English, the ward's official name is Arakawa City.

Arakawa has sister-city relationships with Donaustadt in Vienna, Austria, and with Corvallis, Oregon, U.S. Domestically, it has similar relationships with nine cities, towns and villages.

As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 208,763, and a population density of about 20,550 persons per km2. The total area is 10.16 km2.
Electromaterials
In physics, electrical engineering and materials science, electromaterials are the set of materials which store, controllably convert, exchange and conduct electrically charged particles. The term electromaterial can refer to any electronically or ionically active material. While this definition is quite broad, the term is typically used in the context of properties and/or applications in which atomic electronic transition is pertinent. The word electromaterials is a compound form of the Ancient Greek term, ἤλεκτρον ēlektron, "Amber", and the Latin term, materia, "Matter".

Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin. It has been appreciated for its color (orange, brown and, sometimes, red) and natural beauty since the Neolithic times, and worked as a gemstone since classical antiquity. Amber is used in jewelry and as a healing agent in folk medicine.

There are five classes of amber, defined on the basis of their chemical constituents. Because it originates as a soft, sticky tree resin, amber sometimes contains animal and plant material as inclusions. Amber occurring in coal seams is also called resinite, and the term ambrite is applied to that found specifically within New Zealand coal seams.
Martin Andersen Nexø
Martin Andersen Nexø (26 June 1869 – 1 June 1954) was a Danish writer. He was one of the authors in the Modern Breakthrough movement in Danish art and literature. He was a socialist throughout his life and during the Second World War moved to the Soviet Union, and afterwards to Dresden in East Germany.

Nexø
Nexø, sometimes spelled Neksø, is a town on the east coast of the Baltic island of Bornholm, Denmark. With a population of 3,657 (as of 1 January 2025), it is the second largest town, as well as the largest fishing port on the island. Fishing was previously the mainstay of the town's economy. Nexø is also the site of a distillery (Bornholmske Spiritfabrik ApS) and a mustard factory (Bornholmersennep ApS). The town is also a port of call for the passenger ferries linking Bornholm with Kołobrzeg in Poland. Dueodde, the largest beach on Bornholm, is located south of Nexø, in the southeastern corner of the island.
Mier Halls
The Mier Halls (English: /mjə(ɹ)/; Polish pronunciation: [ˈvil.xɛlm ˈmjɛr]; Polish: Hale Mirowskie) are two identical market halls in Warsaw, Poland, within the neighbourhood of North Downtown, at 1 Iron Gate Square and 1 Mier Square. They were constructed between 1899 and 1902, and remained the largest commerce location in the city until 1944, when they were destroyed during the Warsaw Uprising. The halls were rebuilt in 1944 and 1962.

Społem
PSS Społem is a Polish consumers' co-operative of local grocery stores, founded in 1868.

During the Partitions of Poland, each of the branches of PSS Społem was formed under different conditions in law, economy and politics. The common character of the consumers' co-operative was patriotism, providing economic and political security against the Partition Powers of the Kingdom of Prussia, Habsburg Austria and the Russian Empire. In 1869, the first consumer co-operatives were established: Merkury in Warsaw, Oszczędność in Radom, and Zgoda in Płock. The idea behind the name of the co-operative chain was Stefan Żeromski, who published the first fortnightly journal propagating the need for co-operation, published in 1906.

During the Polish People's Republic, PSS Społem built a number of modernist grocery stores, inter alia in: Spółdzielczy Dom Handlowy Zenit in Katowice (1962), SDH Central in Łódź (1972), SDH Skarbek in Katowice (1975).
Oakleigh Way
Oakleigh Way is a 0.64 hectare Local Nature Reserve and a Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade II, in Mitcham in the London Borough of Merton. It adjoins Oakleigh Way Recreation Ground, and is owned and managed by Merton Council.

The site was a railway depot and sidings. It is now birch woodland with areas of scrub and grassland. Flowers include weld, zigzag clover and thyme-leaved sandwort.

There is access from Bennett's Close.

Trifolium medium
Trifolium medium, the zigzag clover, is a flowering plant species in the bean family Fabaceae. It is similar in appearance to red clover, Trifolium pratense, but the leaflets are narrower and have no white markings and the narrow stipules are not bristle-pointed.: 150  The species is native to Europe from Britain to the Caucasus.
Field Spaniel
The Field Spaniel is a medium-sized dog breed of spaniel type. They were originally developed to be all-black show dogs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and were unpopular for work as a hunting dog. However, during the mid-20th century they were redeveloped as a longer-legged dog that was more suitable to be used for field work. They are now considered to be a rare breed, and are registered as a Vulnerable Native Breed by The Kennel Club.

Their fur is darker than other spaniels and they have no undercoat like most of the other field type spaniels.

Hunting dog
A hunting dog is a dog that hunts with or for hunters. There are several different types of hunting dog developed for various tasks and purposes. The major categories of hunting dog include hounds, terriers, cur type dogs, and gun dogs. Further distinctions within these categories can be made, based upon the dog's skills and capabilities. They are usually larger and have a more sensitive smell than normal dogs.
Farstream
Free and open-source software portal

Farstream (previously known as Farsight) is an audio/video conferencing framework based on GStreamer. The project provides audio/video conferencing for as many instant messengers as possible through a modular design. Telepathy and Farsight constitute the first implementation of the Jingle XMPP protocol.

The software is open-source, being distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) and is intended to run on POSIX-compliant operating systems, including Linux but also Windows and Mac OS X. It is being used for audio/video conferencing on the Nokia 770, N800, N810 and N900. It is also the VoIP framework used by Meego.

Farsight is under development in the Farsight 2 series. The maintainer is Olivier Crête.

Examples of applications using Farstream:

Pidgin

Empathy

aMSN

MeeGo

Gajim

Minbif

Jingle (protocol)
Jingle is an extension to XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) which adds peer-to-peer (P2P) session control (signaling) for multimedia interactions such as in Voice over IP (VoIP) or videoconferencing communications. It was designed by Google and the XMPP Standards Foundation.  The multimedia streams are delivered using the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP). If needed, NAT traversal is assisted using Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE).

As of September 2018, the Jingle specification is a Stable Standard, meaning: " Implementations are encouraged and the protocol is appropriate for deployment in production systems, but some changes to the protocol are possible before it becomes a Final Standard."
Alaska Packers' Association
The Alaska Packers' Association (APA) was a San Francisco-based manufacturer of Alaska canned salmon founded in 1891 and sold in 1982. As the largest salmon packer in Alaska, the member canneries of APA were active in local affairs, and had considerable political influence. The Alaska Packers' Association is best known for operating the "Star Fleet," the last fleet of commercial sailing vessels on the West Coast of North America, as late as 1927.

Karluk, Alaska
Karluk (Kal’uq or Kal’ut in Alutiiq; Russian: Карлук) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kodiak Borough, Kodiak Island, Alaska, United States. The population was 37 at the 2010 census, up from 27 in 2000.
Eliza R. Sunderland
Eliza R. Sunderland (née, Read; April 19, 1839 – March 3, 1910) was an American writer, educator, lecturer, and women's rights advocate of the long nineteenth century. She was a prolific writer for literary and religious papers and magazines. She was also prominent in her religious denomination, no woman in the country being called upon more often than Sunderland for addresses at local, state, and national Unitarian gatherings. She was one of the organizers and the first president of the Western Women's Conference. At the Parliament of the World's Religions in Chicago, in 1893, she represented the Unitarian women of the U.S. and gave one of the most notable addresses of the parliament. She was especially well-fitted to serve as a member of the board of school visitors in Hartford, Connecticut on account of her lifelong interest in school matters, her experience as a teacher, and her intellectual training.

Parliament of the World's Religions
There have been several meetings referred to as a Parliament of the World's Religions, the first being the World's Parliament of Religions of 1893, which was an attempt to create a global dialogue of faiths. The event was celebrated by another conference on its centenary in 1993. This led to a new series of conferences under the official title Parliament of the World's Religions with the same goal of trying to create a global dialogue of faiths.
Speed Farm
Speed Farm is a historic farm complex and national historic district located near Gupton, Franklin County, North Carolina.   The district encompasses 14 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, and 5 contributing structures. The farmhouse was built about 1847 and remodelled to its current configuration in 1900.  It is a two-story, three-bay, I-house style frame dwelling.  It has a gable roof and an almost full-width front porch.  Also on the property are the contributing milk house (c. 1847), smokehouse (c. 1847), kitchen (c. 1847), family cemetery, and an agricultural complex with a granary, ram tower (c. 1935), barn (c. 1840, 1850), corn cribs, hog shed, tobacco grading building (c. 1930), five tobacco barns (c. 1940), and a tenant house (c. 1935).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Franklin County, North Carolina
Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,573. Its county seat is Louisburg. Franklin County is included in the Raleigh-Cary, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.
Rakuraku Biwako
The Rakuraku Biwako  (らくラクびわこ, Rakuraku Biwako) is a commuter limited express train service operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) between Osaka and Maibara or Kusatsu in Japan since June 2003. It replaced the previous Biwako Liner services.

Limited express
In public transport, a limited express is a special express train or bus service that makes fewer stops (hence “limited”) than local, limited-stop, and regular express services along the same corridor. Limited expresses are typically the most direct service on a line, serving only major destinations such as central and interchange stations, making them the fastest option for inter-city travelers.
Langenhoven
Langenhoven is an Afrikaans surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bradley Langenhoven (born 1983), South African rugby union player

Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven (1873–1932), South African poet

Hilton Langenhoven (born 1983), South African athlete

Francois Hendrik Langenhoven (born 1991), South African rugby union player

Hilton Langenhoven
Hilton Langenhoven (born 21 June 1983) is a South African athlete and three time Paralympic Champion, competing mainly in category F12 (visual impairment) long jump events. He was born in Somerset West, Western Cape.

He competed in the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece.  There he won a silver medal in the men's Long jump – F12 event, finished eighth in the men's 100 metres – T12 event, finished eighth in the men's 200 metres – T12 event and finished fifth in the men's Javelin throw – F12 event.  At the 2006 Melbourne Commonwealth Games, he won a silver medal in the 100 metres T12 event. He also competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China, a gold medal in the men's 200 metres – T12 event, a gold medal in the men's Long jump – F12 event and a gold medal in the men's Pentathlon – P12 event
Nexperia
Nexperia B.V. is a semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. It is a subsidiary of Wingtech Technology, a Shanghai-listed company partially owned by the Chinese government. In October 2025, the Dutch government briefly took control of governance of the firm, citing security concerns. It has front-end factories in Hamburg, Germany, and Greater Manchester, England. It is the former Standard Products business unit of NXP Semiconductors (previously Philips Semiconductors). The company's product range includes bipolar transistors, diodes, ESD protection, TVS diodes, MOSFETs, and logic devices.

Cabuyao
Cabuyao (Tagalog: [kɐˈbujaʊ]), officially the City of Cabuyao (Filipino: Lungsod ng Cabuyao), is a component city in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2025 census, it has a population of 442,000 people.

It used to be known as the "richest municipality in the Philippines" because of the large populace of migrants working in the town's industrial estates. Companies such as Nestlé Philippines, Asia Brewery, Inc., San Miguel Corporation, Tanduay Distillers, Inc., Wyeth Philippines, Inc., Procter & Gamble Philippines, Light Industry and Science Park of the Philippines and Mapúa Malayan Colleges Laguna have established factories or are located in Cabuyao.

By virtue of Republic Act No. 10163, the municipality of Cabuyao was converted to a component city after the ratification of a plebiscite held on August 4, 2012.
Thomas and Lydia Gilbert Farm
The Thomas and Lydia Gilbert Farm, also known as the Datestone Farm, is an historic home and farm complex that is located in Holicong, Buckingham Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bucks County is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 646,538, making it the fourth-most populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Doylestown. The county is named after the English county of Buckinghamshire. The county is part of the Southeast region of the commonwealth.

The county represents the northern boundary of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area.

To its southwest, Bucks County borders Montgomery County and Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. To its east, the county borders the Delaware River and U.S. state of New Jersey. To its north, the county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region. The county is approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.
Tomaška Vas
Tomaška Vas (pronounced [tɔˈmaːʃka ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Tomaška vas) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Slovenj Gradec in northern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Carinthia Statistical Region.

The local church from which the settlement gets its name is dedicated to Saint Thomas and belongs to the Parish of Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu. It was first mentioned in documents dating to 1375.

Urban Municipality of Slovenj Gradec
The Urban Municipality of Slovenj Gradec (pronounced [slɔˈʋeːŋ ˈɡɾaːdəts]; Slovene: Mestna občina Slovenj Gradec) is a municipality in northern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Slovenj Gradec. It is part of the historic Styria region, and since 2005 it has belonged to the NUTS-3 Carinthia Statistical Region.

It is the smallest of the twelve urban municipalities of Slovenia.
Go Go Burunyanman
Go Go Burunyan-man (それゆけ！ぶるにゃんマン, Soreyuke! Burunyan-man) is a series of Japanese horizontal shoot'em up video games originally developed for Windows by Digital Cute.

It was originally released as a minigame within Musumaker (むすめーかー, Musumēkā; Daughter Maker), a life simulation eroge. The title name comes from a combination of the words "Buruma" (bloomers) and "Nya" (meow). All playable characters are moe anthropomorphization of a cat, and all bosses are the same of a mouse.

Meow
A meow or miaow is a cat vocalization. Meows may have a large range of sounds. Adult cats rarely meow to each other. An adult cat meowing at a human is generally considered a post-domestication extension of meowing by kittens: a call for attention.

Pre-domesticated felines are believed to have communicated with each other mainly via their sense of smell and marking behaviors which provide a superior means of communication with other cats, but as they were domesticated they learned to vocalize to humans. Their vocalizations can signal hunger, desire to go outside, or simple greetings.

A mew is a high-pitched meow often produced by kittens. It is apparently used to solicit attention from the kitten's mother, and adult cats may use it during periods of distress or sadness, or to signal submission.
Graphic pejoratives in written Chinese
Some historical Chinese characters for non-Han peoples were graphically pejorative ethnic slurs, where the racial insult derived not from the Chinese word but from the character used to write it. For instance, written Chinese first transcribed the name Yáo "the Yao people (in southwest China and Vietnam)" with the character for yáo 猺 "jackal". Most of those terms were replaced in the early 20th-century language reforms; for example, the character for the term yáo was changed, replaced this graphic pejorative meaning "jackal" with another one – a homophone meaning yáo 瑤 "precious jade".

Southwestern China
Southwestern China (Chinese: 西南; pinyin: Xīnán) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and Tibet.