hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rough Justice (British TV programme)
Rough Justice is a British television programme that was broadcast on BBC, and which investigated alleged miscarriages of justice. It was broadcast between 1982 and 2007 and played a role in overturning the convictions of 18 people involved in 13 separate cases where miscarriages of justice had occurred. The programme was similar in aim and approach to The Court of Last Resort, the NBC programme that aired in the United States from 1957–58. It is credited with contributing to the establishment of the Criminal Cases Review Commission in 1997.

Rough Justice was cancelled in 2007 due to budget restraints, leading to criticism from the media as the announcement came just as the BBC launched an £18 million Gaelic-language channel which would serve only 86,000 viewers.

Goidelic languages
The Goidelic (/ɡɔɪˈdɛlɪk/ goy-DEL-ik) or Gaelic languages (/ˈɡeɪlɪk/ GALE-ik; Irish: teangacha Gaelacha; Scottish Gaelic: cànanan Goidhealach; Manx: çhengaghyn Gaelgagh) form one of the two groups of Insular Celtic languages, the other being the Brittonic languages.

Goidelic languages historically formed a dialect continuum stretching from Ireland through the Isle of Man to Scotland. There are three modern Goidelic languages: Irish (Gaeilge), Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig), and Manx (Gaelg). Manx died out as a first language in the 20th century but has since been revived to some degree.
Bull chub
The bull chub (Nocomis raneyi) is a species of freshwater fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. This fish is found in the Atlantic drainages of the eastern United States between the James River in Virginia and the Neuse River in North Carolina, predominantly above the Fall Line. It can grow to 32 cm (13 in) total length, although more commonly it is about 18 cm (7.1 in). It is a chubby fish with pointed snout, small, subterminal mouth, gold or brown sides, pale or yellowish fins, and in spawning males, rose color on the belly.

Atlantic Seaboard Fall Line
The Atlantic Seaboard Fall Line, or Fall Zone, is a 900-mile (1,400 km) escarpment where the Piedmont and Atlantic coastal plain meet in the eastern United States. Much of the fall line passes through areas where no evidence of faulting is present.
Manchester Day
Manchester Day is an annual parade and celebration of Greater Manchester held in Manchester city centre, United Kingdom. The event has been held each June since 2010 and commissioned by Manchester City Council and created by Walk the Plank.

The event is inspired by the New York Thanksgiving parade.

Manchester City Council
Manchester City Council is the local authority for the city of Manchester in Greater Manchester, England. Manchester has had an elected local authority since 1838, which has been reformed several times. Since 1974 the council has been a metropolitan borough council. It provides the majority of local government services in the city. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 1971. It is based at Manchester Town Hall.
Herdshare
A herdshare is a contractual arrangement between a farmer and an owner of livestock - the shareholder or member - through which the shareholder is able to obtain raw milk, meat, offal and other profits of the livestock proportionate to the shareholder's interest in the herd.  Herdshares include cowshares, goatshares, and sheepshares, and are sometime referred to as "farmshares" or "dairy-shares," although the term "farmshare" can also refer to an entire farm (buildings, land, equipment, etc.)  held in joint ownership.

A herdshare enables consumers to obtain raw (unpasteurized) milk in a jurisdiction that may otherwise prohibit the sale of raw milk.  Parties may also choose to enter into herdshare agreements even in jurisdictions that do permit some type of raw milk sale because a herdshare may provide a more economically secure business model for a dairy farmer than conventional dairy farming otherwise would provide for.

Bill of sale
A bill of sale is a document that transfers ownership of goods from one person to another. It is used in situations where the former owner transfers possession of the goods to a new owner. Bills of sale may be used in a wide variety of transactions: to sell goods, exchange, give, or mortgage objects. They can be used only to transfer ownership of goods that people already own or to transfer ownership of moveable tangible goods and only by individuals and unincorporated businesses.

Bills of sale exist in common law quite independently of any legislation. In England and Wales, they are regulated by two Victorian pieces of legislation: the Bills of Sale Act 1878 (41 & 42 Vict. c. 31) and the Bills of Sale Act (1878) Amendment Act 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. 43). This area of the law was subject to review by the Law Commission, which published a proposal for change in 2017.
Tamasha (TV series)
Tamasha (Urdu: تماشا, transl. "spectacle" or "drama"), also known as Tamasha Ghar, is a Pakistani Urdu-language television reality show which airs on ARY Digital in Pakistan. It adheres to the popular format of Big Brother, which was first developed by Endemol and Banijay in the Netherlands. The Pakistani version has celebrities as housemates.

Banijay Entertainment
Banijay Entertainment S.A. (formerly Banijay Group and later Banijay) is a French multinational television production and distribution company which is the world's largest international content producer and distributor with over 130 production companies across 23 territories, and a multi-genre catalogue containing over 185,000 hours of original programming. Headquartered in Paris, the company was founded in January 2008 by Stéphane Courbit, former president of Endemol France, and has risen since its inception, to become a €3.2bn turnover business. It is a subsidiary of Banijay Group N.V., based in Amsterdam.

The company has expanded over the years through multiple acquisitions, including its purchases of Zodiak Media in 2016, Endemol Shine Group in 2020, when it adopted its current name, and Beyond International in 2022. The group's non-scripted television formats include Big Brother, Survivor, Deal or No Deal, Temptation Island, MasterChef, Don't Forget the Lyrics!, and Hunted.
Shalom in the Home
Shalom in the Home is an American reality television series that aired on TLC for two seasons from April 10, 2006, to May 7, 2007. It was hosted by Orthodox Rabbi Shmuley Boteach on Mondays at 9 p.m. In the show, Boteach counselled dysfunctional families. It was one of the cable network's highest-rated shows and was the first reality TV show to have a rabbi as its star. National Fatherhood Initiative gave Boteach its most prestigious award for the series.

TLC (TV network)
TLC is an American premium multinational cable and satellite television network owned by the Networks division of Warner Bros. Discovery. First established in 1980 as The Learning Channel, it initially focused on educational and instructional programming. By the late 1990s, after an acquisition by Discovery, Inc. earlier in the decade, the network began to pivot towards reality television programming—predominantly focusing on programming involving lifestyles and personal stories—to the point that the previous name with "The Learning Channel" spelled out was phased out in favor of its initialism.

As of November 2023, with its programming primarily dedicated to the nine-series 90 Day Fiancé universe, comprising 31% of the shows carried by the channel, TLC is available to approximately 71,000,000 pay television households in the United States—down from its 2011 peak of 100,000,000 households.
Panagiotis Zachariou
Panagiotis Zachariou (Greek: Παναγιώτης Ζαχαρίου; born 26 February 1996) is a Cypriot professional footballer who plays as a winger for the Cyprus national team. He has previously played for Pafos, Olympiakos Nicosia, Omonia and AEL Limassol.

Pafos FC
Pafos Football Club (Greek: Πάφος F.C.) is a professional football club based in Paphos, Cyprus. Founded on 10 June 2014 following the merger of AEP Paphos and AEK Kouklia, the club represents the wider Paphos region in the Cypriot First Division. Pafos play home matches at the Stelios Kyriakides Stadium, which has a capacity of 9,394, though their European home matches are played at the Alphamega Stadium (capacity 10,830) due to the former falling short of UEFA standards.

The club won their first major honour, the Cypriot Cup, in 2024 and secured a first league championship in 2024–25. Pafos made their European debut in the UEFA Europa Conference League in 2024–25, reaching the round of 16, and entered the UEFA Champions League qualifiers for the first time in 2025–26 as domestic champions. After surviving two 2025–26 UEFA Champions League qualifying rounds, Pafos also won their subsequent play-off against Red Star Belgrade and advanced to the league phase.
1st National Geographic Bee
The 1st National Geographic Bee was held in Washington, D.C., on May 19, 1989, sponsored by the National Geographic Society. The final competition was moderated by Jeopardy! host Alex Trebek. The winner was Jack Staddon of Great Bend Seventh-day Adventist Elementary School in Great Bend, Kansas, who won a $25,000 college scholarship. The 2nd-place winner, Michael Shannon of Reading, Massachusetts, won a $15,000 scholarship. The 3rd-place winner, Kieu Luu of Riverdale, Maryland, won a $10,000 scholarship.

Alex Trebek
George Alexander Trebek (/trəˈbɛk/; July 22, 1940 – November 8, 2020) was a Canadian and American game show host and television personality. Regarded as a pop culture icon, he was best known for hosting the syndicated quiz show Jeopardy! for 37 seasons from its revival in 1984 until his death in 2020. Trebek also hosted a number of other game shows, including The Wizard of Odds, Double Dare, High Rollers, Battlestars, Classic Concentration, and To Tell the Truth. He made appearances, usually as himself, in numerous films and television series.

A native of Canada, Trebek became a naturalized American citizen in 1998. For his work on Jeopardy!, Trebek received the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host eight times. He died in November 2020, at age 80, after 20 months with stage IV pancreatic cancer. At the time of his death, Trebek had been contracted to host Jeopardy! until 2022.
Chua Chu Kang Single Member Constituency
The Chua Chu Kang Single Member Constituency was a single member constituency (SMC) located in the western region of Singapore. The constituency encompassed Choa Chu Kang New Town. It was one of the longest existing constituencies in Singapore, spanning 52 years from 1959 to 2011.

The ruling People's Action Party (PAP) won the constituency at every election, except in 1963, when it lost the seat to opposition party Barisan Sosialis (BS). In the 1997 general election, the SMC faced a four-cornered fight; Steve Chia from the Singapore Democratic Alliance (SDA) challenged different PAP candidates in straight fights in the 2001 and 2006 general elections. Before the 2011 general election, the SMC and the surrounding Hong Kah Group Representation Constituency (GRC) were replaced with Chua Chu Kang GRC and Hong Kah North SMC.

Single-member district
A single-member district or constituency is an electoral district represented by a single officeholder. It contrasts with a multi-member district, which is represented by multiple officeholders.

In some countries, such as Australia and India, members of the  lower house of parliament are elected from single-member districts, while members of the upper house are elected from multi-member districts. In some countries, such as Singapore, members of parliament are elected from both single-member and multi-member districts.
Stawowice
Stawowice [stavɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Paradyż, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Paradyż, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Opoczno, and 73 km (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno
Opoczno ([ɔˈpɔt͡ʂnɔ] ⓘ) is a town in south-central Poland, seat of Opoczno County in the Łódź Voivodeship.

Founded in the Middle Ages, Opoczno is a former royal town of Poland, which used to be one of the most important urban centers of northwestern Lesser Poland. It prospered as a trade center due to its location at the intersection of important trade routes. Currently, Opoczno is an important road and rail junction; its patron saint is Saint Cecilia, and the town is famous across Poland for its folklore and ceramics manufacturing.
Edge-class cruise ship
The Edge class is a class of cruise ships operated by Celebrity Cruises, a subsidiary of Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. The class is constructed by Chantiers de l'Atlantique of France. At present, there are five active Edge-class ships: the lead vessel of the class Celebrity Edge, Celebrity Apex, Celebrity Beyond,
Celebrity Ascent, and Celebrity Xcel.
Celebrity Apex was scheduled to begin operations in April 2020, but entry into service was delayed until June 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Celebrity Ascent welcomed its first guests in November 2023. A fifth ship, Celebrity Xcel debuted in November 2025  and a sixth, Celebrity Xcite, ship will enter service in 2028.

Both Celebrity Edge and Celebrity Apex were built with a gross tonnage (GT) of 130,818. Subsequent new builds have a hull extended by 20 metres (66 ft), bringing the length of the ship to 327 metres (1,072 ft 10 in), and an increased gross tonnage to 140,600 GT. Ships in this class are reported to cost US$1 billion each.

Celebrity Cruises
Celebrity Cruises is a cruise line headquartered in Miami, Florida, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Caribbean Group. Celebrity Cruises was founded in 1988 by the Greece-based Chandris Group, and merged with Royal Caribbean Cruise Line in 1997.
Derwent Park (Rowlands Gill)
54°55′52″N 1°44′02″W﻿ / ﻿54.931°N 1.734°W﻿ / 54.931; -1.734

Derwent Park is situated in Rowlands Gill, Tyne and Wear, England. The park is often incorrectly called Rowlands Gill Park as a result. The park has a caravan site and has many play areas for children. Fishing on the River Derwent, which runs through the park, is priced at £2.50 per permit. The fish include brown trout, grayling and Atlantic salmon.

Thymallus thymallus
Thymallus thymallus, harjus, the grayling or European grayling, is a species of freshwater fish in the salmon family Salmonidae. It is the only species of the genus Thymallus (the graylings) native to Europe, where it is widespread from the United Kingdom and France to the Ural Mountains in Russia, and Balkans on the south-east, but does not occur in the southern parts of the continent. It was introduced to Morocco in 1948, but it does not appear to have become established there.
Sludica
Sludica is an extinct genus of procynosuchid cynodont from the Late Permian of Russia. Fossils have been found in the Ilinskoe Assemblage Zone within Velikoustyugsky District in Vologda Oblast, correlated with the Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone. The type and only species is Sludica bulanovi.

Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone
The Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone is a tetrapod assemblage zone or biozone found in the Adelaide Subgroup of the Beaufort Group, a majorly fossiliferous and geologically important geological group of the Karoo Supergroup in South Africa. This biozone has outcrops located in the Teekloof Formation north-west of Beaufort West in the Western Cape, in the upper Middleton and lower Balfour Formations respectively from Colesberg of the Northern Cape to east of Graaff-Reinet in the Eastern Cape. The Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone is one of eight biozones found in the Beaufort Group, and is considered to be Late Permian in age.

The name of the biozone refers to Cistecephalus, a small, burrowing dicynodont therapsid. It is characterized by the presence of this species, known especially from the upper sections of this biozone, and the first appearance of the dicynodont Aulacephalodon.
Bin Yu
Bin Yu (Chinese: 郁彬) is a Chinese-American statistician. She is currently Chancellor's Professor in the Departments of Statistics and of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences at the University of California, Berkeley.

Institute of Mathematical Statistics
The Institute of Mathematical Statistics (IMS) is an international professional and scholarly society devoted to the development, dissemination, and application of statistics and probability. The Institute currently has about 4,000 members in all parts of the world. Beginning in 2005, the institute started offering joint membership with the Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability as well as with the International Statistical Institute. The Institute was founded in 1935 with Harry C. Carver and Henry L. Rietz as its two most important supporters. The institute publishes a variety of journals, and holds several international conference every year.
John Trim (linguist)
John Leslie Melville Trim (1924 - 19 January 2013), Director of the Council of Europe's Modern Languages projects from 1971 to 1997, was a key promoter of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

After graduating from University College, London (UCL) in 1949, he remained there lecturing before moving to Selwyn College, Cambridge as University Lecturer in Phonetics in 1958. As well as setting up the Department of Linguistics at Cambridge in 1966, Trim was also president of the British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL) and vice-president of the International Association of Applied Linguistics (AILA).

The Language Centre at University of Cambridge named its independent learning centre, the John Trim Centre (JTC), after him.

International Association of Applied Linguistics
The International Association of Applied Linguistics (French: Association Internationale de Linguistique Appliquée), or AILA, was formed in 1964 as an association of various national organizations for applied linguistics. AILA has more than 8,000 members in more than 35 different applied linguistics associations around the world. AILA continues to grow, working with existing and emerging regional networks, such as AILA East Asia, AILA Europe, AILA Arabia, and AILA Latin America. Its most high-profile activity is the World Congress of Applied Linguistics, which takes place once every three years. It also has two publications, AILA News, a newsletter, and the AILA Review, an academic journal.
Social Democracy Party of Albania
The Social Democracy Party of Albania (Albanian: Partia Demokracia Sociale e Shqipërisë) is a social-democratic Albanian political party.  It was established in 2003. In the July 2005 elections it won two seats in Parliament. Its leader is Paskal Milo.

At the 2009 elections it won 0.68 percent. It won 2,473 votes (0.16%) in the 2017 elections.

2005 Albanian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Albania on 3 July 2005. The result was a victory for the opposition Democratic Party (PD) and its allies, prominently the Republican Party (PR). Former president Sali Berisha became prime minister as a result of the election.
Jonas Nyholm
Jonas Nyholm (born 23 June 1992) is a Finnish football coach and a former player, who played as a defensive midfielder. He is currently working as a manager of Veikkausliiga club Kotkan Työväen Palloilijat (KTP).

Ykkösliiga
Ykkösliiga (English: "League One"; Swedish: "Ligaettan") is the second highest level of the Finnish football league system (after the Veikkausliiga), managed by the Football Association of Finland. The teams in Ykkösliiga also play a pre-season league cup, the Ykkösliigacup.

The nationwide second-tier league was first established in 1973 as I divisioona. It was later renamed Ykkönen, starting in 1994. The new and current Ykkösliiga will start running in 2024, and the former second-tier Ykkönen continues as the new third-tier level.
St Barnabas' Church, Darwen
St Barnabas' Church is on Watery Lane, Darwen, Lancashire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Blackburn with Darwen, the archdeaconry of Blackburn, and the diocese of Blackburn.  Its benefice is united with that of St Mary, Grimehills.

The church was built in 1884 as a mission church, and designed by the Lancaster partnership of Paley and Austin.  It cost £1,462 (equivalent to £190,000 in 2023), and provided seating for 360 people.  It is constructed in stone, with a Westmorland slate roof.  On the church is a bellcote with a pyramidal slated roof.  Its windows are square-headed.  The church contains stained glass windows dating from 1963 by Shrigley and Hunt.

Bell-cot
A bellcote, bell-cote or bell-cot is a small framework and shelter for one or more bells.  Bellcotes are most common in church architecture but are also seen on institutions such as schools. The bellcote may be carried on brackets projecting from a wall or built on the roof of chapels or churches that have no towers. The bellcote often holds the Sanctus bell that is rung at the consecration of the Eucharist.

The bellcote is mentioned throughout history books when referring to older structures and communities. Bromsgrove church: its history and antiquities is one example which goes into depth about the construction and maintenance of the bellcote.  Bellcotes are also discussed in The Wiltshire Archæological and Natural History Magazine, Volume 8 and Proceedings of the Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural ..., Volume 29.

A bell-gable is similar, located at the apex of a gable or building end wall.
2025 Qatar ExxonMobil Open – Singles
Andrey Rublev defeated Jack Draper in the final, 7–5, 5–7, 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 2025 Qatar Open. It was his 17th ATP Tour singles title. He saved a match point en route to the title, in the quarterfinals against Alex de Minaur.

Karen Khachanov was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Daniil Medvedev.

With his first round loss to Matteo Berrettini, this marked the first time that Novak Djokovic lost in the first round of any tournament since the 2016 Summer Olympics.

Alex de Minaur
Alex de Miñaur Román (born 17 February 1999) is an Australian professional tennis player. He has been ranked by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) as high as world No. 6 in singles, which he achieved on 15 July 2024, and No. 58 in doubles, attained on 12 October 2020. He is the current No. 1 singles player from Australia.

De Minaur has won eleven ATP Tour titles in singles and one in doubles. He has reached seven major quarterfinals. He represents Australia at the Davis Cup.
Jay Hill (racing driver)
Jay Hill (born December 8, 1964) is an American former racing driver from Lake Geneva, Wisconsin.

Hill participated in one Toyota Atlantic race in 1991 at the Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course, finishing 9th. In 1992, he drove in the CART IndyCar World Series' Detroit Grand Prix in a year old Buick powered Lola fielded by Burns Racing. Starting last on the 25 car grid, he finished the race 7 laps down in 15th.

Lola Cars
Lola Cars Limited is a British automobile manufacturer founded in 1958 by Eric Broadley in Bromley, England. The company is now owned by Till Bechtolsheimer, who purchased it in 2022. Lola Cars endured for more than fifty years to become one of the oldest and largest manufacturers of racing cars in the world. Lola started by building small front-engine sports cars, and branched out into Formula Junior cars before diversifying into a wider range of sporting vehicles. In 2012, Lola Cars stopped operations. Lola returned to motorsport in 2024 by joining the Formula E World Championship as an entrant and a powertrain supplier in a technical partnership with Yamaha.