hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dene Cottages, Great Budworth
Dene Cottages consists of a pair of cottages in the village of Great Budworth, Cheshire, England.  The cottages are designated by English Heritage as a Grade II listed building.

The cottages were built in 1867–68 for Rowland Egerton-Warburton of Arley Hall and designed by the Chester architect John Douglas.  The lower storeys are constructed in brown brick and the upper storeys are timber-framed with plaster panels.  The roof is in clay tiles. The plaster panels are pargetted with floral motifs.

Plasterwork
Plasterwork is construction or ornamentation done with plaster, such as a layer of plaster on an interior or exterior wall structure, or plaster decorative moldings on ceilings or walls.  This is also sometimes called pargeting. The process of creating plasterwork, called plastering or rendering, has been used in building construction for centuries.  For the art history of three-dimensional plaster, see stucco.
2002 WhatsOnStage Awards
The WhatsOnStage Awards, founded in 2001 as the Theatregoers' Choice Awards, are a fan-driven set of awards organised by the theatre website WhatsOnStage.com, based on a popular vote recognising performers and productions of English theatre, with an emphasis on London's West End theatre.

The results of the 2002 Whatsonstage Awards were:

Humble Boy
Humble Boy is a 2001 English play by Charlotte Jones. The play was presented in association with Matthew Byam Shaw and Anna Mackmin, and was first performed on the Cottesloe stage of the Royal National Theatre on 9 August 2001.
Rudnya, Brest district
Rudnya (Belarusian: Рудня, romanized: Rudnia; Russian: Рудня) is a village in Brest District, Brest Region, Belarus. It is part of Damachava rural council (selsoviet). As of 2023, it has a population of 35.

It is situated by the Kopajowka River.

Brest region
Brest region, also known as Brest oblast or Brest voblasts, is one of the six regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Brest. Other major cities in the region include Baranavichy, and Pinsk. As of 2024, it has a population of 1,308,569.
James Harry
James Nexw’Kalus-Xwalacktun Harry (born October 31, 1989) is a Squamish and Kwakwakaʼwakw artist based in Vancouver, British Columbia. He is the son of hereditary chief Xwalacktun, who introduced Harry to Coast Salish art.

Kwakwakaʼwakw
The Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw ([ˈkʷakʷəkʲəʔwakʷ]), also known as the Kwakiutl (/ˈkwɑːkjʊtəl/; "Kwakʼwala-speaking peoples"), are an indigenous group of the Pacific Northwest Coast, in southwestern Canada. Their total population, according to a 2016 census, was 3,665 people. Most live in their traditional territories on northern Vancouver Island, as well as nearby smaller islands (such as the Discovery Islands) and inland on the adjacent British Columbia mainland. Some also live outside their traditional homelands, in urban areas such as Victoria and Vancouver. They are politically organized into 13 band governments.

The Kwakwaka'wakw language, now spoken by only 3.1% of the population, consists of four dialects of what is commonly referred to as Kwakʼwala, known as Kwak̓wala, 'Nak̓wala, G̱uc̓ala and T̓łat̓łasik̓wala.
Sooty-faced finch
The sooty-faced finch (Arremon crassirostris) is a species of bird in the family Emberizidae. Until recently, it was placed in the genus Lysurus.

It is found in the Talamancan montane forests and the Serranía del Darién. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.

Serranía del Darién
The Serranía del Darién is a small mountain range on the border between Colombia and Panama in the area called the Darién Gap.  It is located in the southeastern part of the Darién Province of Panama and the northwestern part of the Chocó Department of Colombia.  There are two major protected areas here: Darién National Park in Panama and Los Katíos National Park in Colombia. Serranía del Darién range's average elevation above sea level is 437 metres (1,434 ft). These mountains have sparse settlements, with just two people living in every square kilometer. This lack of human settlements is reflected in the fact that the nearest town with a population of 50,000 is over 12 hours by road.
Xanthosia peduncularis
Xanthosia peduncularis is a spreading perennial herb in the family Apiaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It has trifoliate leaves at the base of the plant and cream-coloured flowers in a compound umbel with 3 or 4 rays.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Solder alloys
Solder is a metallic material that is used to connect metal workpieces. The choice of specific solder alloys depends on their melting point, chemical reactivity, mechanical properties, toxicity, and other properties. Hence a wide range of solder alloys exist, and only major ones are listed below. Since early 2000s the use of lead in solder alloys is discouraged by several governmental guidelines in the European Union, Japan and other countries, such as Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive and Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive.  Despite regulatory encouragement, the industry transition to lead-free solders has encountered technical challenges related to process compatibility, alloy reliability, and solder joint microstructure that have required extensive study and adaptation.

Melting point
The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at a standard pressure such as 1 atmosphere or 100 kPa.

When considered as the temperature of the reverse change from liquid to solid, it is referred to as the freezing point or crystallization point. Because of the ability of substances to supercool, the freezing point can easily appear to be below its actual value. When the "characteristic freezing point" of a substance is determined, in fact, the actual methodology is almost always "the principle of observing the disappearance rather than the formation of ice, that is, the melting point."
Hypancistrus margaritatus
Hypancistrus margaritatus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Takutu River of Guyana, which is a tributary of the Branco River, which is in turn a tributary of the Rio Negro in the Amazon basin. The species reaches 4.6 cm (1.8 inches) SL. Its specific epithet means "adorned with pearls" in Latin, referring to its distinctive pearl-like white spots. It was described in 2016 by Milton Tan and Jonathan W. Armbruster on the basis of coloration, alongside the related species Hypancistrus phantasma.

This species appears in the aquarium trade, where it is most frequently referred to by its L-number, which is L-404.

L-number
The L-number system is a semi-scientific classification system of catfish based on photographs of shipments of tropical catfish of the family Loricariidae published by the German aquarium magazine DATZ (Die Aquarien- und Terrarienzeitschrift (The Aquarium and Terrarium Magazine)). The first L-number was published in 1988.

An L-number is not a formal scientific designation, but it allows people to identify various loricariid catfish by a "common name" before the fish is officially described. When a loricariid receives an official scientific name, the L-number (or numbers) is retired; best practice is then to use the scientific name.

A specific L-number classification does not guarantee a discrete species, multiple L numbers have been given to different populations of the same species. To add to the confusion, sometimes a single L-number may be used for multiple species.

Additionally the aquarium magazine 'Das Aquarium' introduced a similar system using the prefix 'LDA'.
Joseph Peacock (politician)
Joseph Peacock (c. 1825 – 25 July 1867) lived at Glenelg and was M.P. for Sturt from 1860 until his death. He worked as co-manager of Peacock and Son in Grenfell Street, was a trustee of the South Australian Mining Company and a director of the National Bank.

He married Harriet Hope Gooch (c. 1832 – 27 August 1854) around 1850. They had two daughters who never survived childhood. He married again, to Maria Houghton (c. 1828 – 18 June 1901). A daughter, Kate Marian Lilian Peacock, married Dr. Harry Swift. Maria Peacock died at her residence "Newland House", 80 Brougham Place, North Adelaide. "Newland House" was later purchased by Caleb Peacock, and is now owned by the South Australian branch of the Australian Medical Association.

Electoral district of Sturt (South Australia)
Sturt (The Sturt until 1875) was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. It was named after the explorer Charles Sturt.

Sturt was one of the initial districts in the first parliament. It was initially centred on Unley, but later broadened to include all or part of Belair, Brighton, Glenelg, Goodwood, Hyde Park, Mitcham, Parkside and Sturt. When recreated in 1915, it also included Hawthorn and Wayville.
Simon (constable of Jerusalem)
Simon was the first known constable of Jerusalem. He may have been from the House of Limburg.

He is cited as a witness two royal charters, the first in 1108 and the second in 1115 as Symon ducis filius. He may be identified with the Simontos, referred to by Anna Comnena as an envoy of Baldwin I of Jerusalem to the County of Tripoli to receive Greek ambassadors in 1108, and as a cousin of the king. Together these could imply that he was a son of Henry, Duke of Lower Lorraine and Count of Limburg, and Adelaide, daughter of Botho of Pottenstein, a great-grandson of Eustace I of Boulogne by his maternal grandmother.

County of Tripoli
The County of Tripoli (1102–1289) was one of the Crusader states. It was founded in the Levant in the modern-day region of Tripoli, northern Lebanon and parts of western Syria.
When the Frankish Crusaders, mostly southern French forces – captured the region in 1109, Bertrand of Toulouse became the first count of Tripoli as a vassal of King Baldwin I of Jerusalem. From that time on, the rule of the county was decided not strictly by inheritance but by factors such as military force (external and civil war), favour and negotiation. In 1289, the County of Tripoli fell to the Muslim Mamluks of Cairo under Sultan Qalawun, and the county was absorbed into Mamluk Sultanate.
1936 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The men's road race at the 1936 UCI Road World Championships was the tenth edition of the event. The race took place on Sunday 6 September 1936 in Bern, Switzerland. The race was won by Antonin Magne of France.

Antonin Magne
Antonin Magne (pronounced [ɑ̃.tɔ.nɛ̃ maɲ]; 15 February 1904 – 8 September 1983) was a French cyclist who won the Tour de France  in 1931 and 1934. He raced as a professional from 1927 to 1939 and then became a team manager. The French rider and then journalist, Jean Bobet, described him in Sporting Cyclist as "a most uninterviewable character" and "a man who withdraws into a shell as soon as he meets a journalist." His taciturn character earned him the nickname of The Monk when he was racing.
Types of trams
Trams have been used since the 19th century, and since then, there have been various uses and designs for trams around the world. This article covers the many design types, most notably the articulated, double-decker, drop-centre, low-floor, single ended, double-ended, rubber -tired, and tram-train; and the various uses of trams, both historical and current, most notably cargo trams, a dog car, hearse tram, maintenance trams, a mobile library service, a nursery tram, a restaurant tram, a tourist tram, and as mobile offices.

Double-decker tram
A double-decker tram or double-deck tram is a tram that has two levels or decks. Some double-decker trams have open tops. Double-deck trams were once popular in some European cities, like Berlin and London, throughout the British Empire countries in the early half of the 20th century including Auckland, Christchurch and Wellington in New Zealand; Hobart, Tasmania in Australia, and in parts of Asia. They are still in service or even newly introduced in Blackpool, Hong Kong and Alexandria. In other places, like Oranjestad, Birkenhead, Franschhoek, Auckland and Douglas, are still used as heritage or tourist trams.
Funabashi
Funabashi (船橋市, Funabashi-shi) is a city located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 December 2020, the city had an estimated population of 644,668 in 309,238 households and a population density of 7,500 inhabitants per square kilometre (19,000/sq mi). The total area of the city is 85.62 square kilometres (33.06 sq mi). It is the Greater Tokyo Area's 7th most populated city (after passing Kawaguchi, Hachioji and Chiba), and second largest in Chiba Prefecture.

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Cottonwood Creek (Guadalupe County)
Cottonwood Creek is a stream in South Central Texas, United States that runs approximately 9 miles  from its source five miles east of New Berlin, Texas (in the Texas Prairielands), to its confluence with the Guadalupe River in Guadalupe County, Texas, four miles southeast of Seguin. The creek serves as a tributary of the Guadalupe River and forms its watershed near Seguin, Texas. There is a separate Cottonwood Creek that flows through northern Guadalupe County before discharging into the San Marcos River above Kingsbury.

Kingsbury, Texas
Kingsbury is a city in eastern Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. Kingsbury was a Census-designated place in 2010. As of the 2020 census, Kingsbury had a population of 132. It is part of the San Antonio Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The election to incorporate Kingsbury into a Type-C Liberty City passed by a landslide vote of 66–2 on May 9, 2015 and the Order to declare Kingsbury a municipality was signed by County Judge Kyle Kutscher on May 19, 2015.
Hulot Peninsula
Hulot Peninsula (64°29′S 62°44′W﻿ / ﻿64.483°S 62.733°W﻿ / -64.483; -62.733) is a rugged peninsula forming the southwestern extremity of Brabant Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was first charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, and named by Jean-Baptiste Charcot for Baron Hulot.

Mount Beddie is located on the peninsula.

Jean-Baptiste Charcot
Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot, better known in France as Commandant Charcot, (15 July 1867 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of Reykjavik, Iceland), was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893).
As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.
1988 All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship
The 1988 All-Ireland Senior B Hurling Championship was the 15th staging of Ireland's secondary hurling knock-out competition.  London won the championship, beating Down 2–6 to 1–7 in the final at the Emerald GAA Grounds, Ruislip.

London GAA
The London County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) or London GAA is one of the county boards outside Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in London. The county board is also responsible for the London county teams and schools.

The county football team compete in the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship on an annual basis, the only English-based team to do so. They participate in the Connacht Senior Football Championship, as the Irish community in London is considered as part of the province of Connacht.

The county hurling team competed in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, but having been relegated during the preliminary group stage of the Leinster Championship in the 2014 season, the team currently plays in the third tier Christy Ring Cup.
Arrondissement of Sint-Niklaas
The Arrondissement of Sint-Niklaas (Dutch: Arrondissement Sint-Niklaas; French: Arrondissement de Saint-Nicolas) is one of the six administrative arrondissements in the Province of East Flanders, Belgium.

The Administrative Arrondissement of Sint-Niklaas consists of the following municipalities:

Beveren-Kruibeke-Zwijndrecht

Lokeren

Sint-Gillis-Waas

Sint-Niklaas

Stekene

Temse

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Engiadina
Engiadiana is a World Cup ski course in Switzerland at St. Moritz, Grisons,   located in the Engadin valley on Piz Nair mountain in the Albula Alps.

It is adjacent to the older and more famous men's "Corviglia" speed events course, which hosted the Winter Olympics in 1948 and several World Championships.

Engadin
The Engadin or Engadine (Romansh: Engiadina [eɲdʑɐˈdiːnɐ] ⓘ; German: Engadin [ˈɛŋɡadiːn] ⓘ or [ɛŋɡaˈdiːn] ⓘ; Italian: Engadina; French: Engadine) is a long high Alpine valley region in the eastern Swiss Alps in the canton of Graubünden in southeasternmost Switzerland with about 25,000 inhabitants. It follows the route of the Inn (Romansh: En) from its headwaters at Maloja Pass in the southwest running roughly northeast until the Inn flows into Austria, little less than one hundred kilometers downstream. The En/Inn subsequently flows at Passau into the Danube, making it the only Swiss river to drain into the Black Sea. The Engadine is protected by high mountain ranges on all sides and is famous for its sunny climate, beautiful landscapes and outdoor activities.
Sharon-Lise Normand
Sharon-Lise Teresa Normand is a Canadian biostatistician whose research centers on the evaluation of the quality of care provided by physicians and hospitals, and on the health outcomes for medical devices and medical procedures. She is a professor in the Department of Health Care Policy at the Harvard Medical School and in the Department of Biostatistics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school at Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. It was named after Hong Kong entrepreneur Chan Tseng-hsi in 2014 following a US$350 million donation, the largest in Harvard's history at the time.

The school grew out of the Harvard–MIT School for Health Officers, the country's first graduate training program in population health, which was founded in 1913 and became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922.
Sydney S. Shulemson
Sydney Simon Shulemson 
DFC (October 22, 1915 – January 25, 2007) was a Canadian fighter pilot, and Canada's highest decorated Jewish soldier, during World War II.

His paternal grandparents came from a town called Bacău in southern Romania and arrived in Montreal in the late nineteenth century when Shulemson was seven years old.

Growing up in Montreal, Shulemson attended McGill University. He enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force on September 10, 1939, and graduated from flight school in 1942. He joined RCAF 404 Squadron in Wick in Scotland, flying a Bristol Beaufighter. Shulemson downed a German flying boat on his first sortie. He pioneered techniques for rocket attacks on Axis ships in the North Atlantic.

After the war, Shulemson located aircraft and recruited pilots for Israel's growing Israeli Air Force.

Shulemson married in 1989. He died in Florida in 2007.

404 Long Range Patrol and Training Squadron
404 Long Range Patrol and Training Squadron is a long range patrol and training squadron in the Royal Canadian Air Force. The squadron was originally No. 404 Squadron of the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and later the Canadian Forces Air Command.
Casimir the Great Park
Casimir the Great Park is the oldest park in Bydgoszcz, Poland, covering an area of 2.24 ha. The park is located in a central part of downtown Bydgoszcz, bordered by Gdańska Street, Konarski Street, Jagiellońska street and Freedom Square. Its area represents a rectangle of 100m by 200m.

London plane
The London plane, or sometimes hybrid plane, Platanus × hispanica, is a tree in the genus Platanus. It is often known by the synonym Platanus × acerifolia, a later name. It is a hybrid of Platanus orientalis (oriental plane) and Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore).
Olin's Covered Bridge
Olin's Bridge, or Olin Bridge, or Olin-Dewey Road Bridge is a covered bridge that carries Dewey Road over the Ashtabula River in Plymouth Township, Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States.  The bridge, one of currently 16 drivable bridges in the county, is a single span Town truss design, and is currently the only bridge in the county named for a family.  The Olin family has owned property next to the bridge since it was built.  Members of the Olin family also operate a small museum and gift shop just east of the bridge at the house previously owned by Joyce Grandbouche.  The bridge’s WGCB number is 35-04-03, and it is located approximately 3.6 mi (5.7 km) east of Ashtabula.

Ashtabula River
The Ashtabula River is a river located northeast of Cleveland in Ohio. The river flows into Lake Erie at the city of Ashtabula, Ohio. It is 40 miles (64 km) in length and drains 137 square miles (350 km2).
Velm
Velm (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɛl(ə)m], Limburgish: Vallem [ˈvɑləm]) is one of the ancienne communes in the municipality of Sint-Truiden, Limburg province, Belgium.

Velm is bounded in the east by the N80 motorway, leading to Namur, and in the west by the railroad from Sint-Truiden to Landen.

Limburgish
Limburgish (Limburgs [ˈlɪm˦bʏʀ(ə)xs] or Lèmburgs [ˈlɛm˦-]; Dutch: Limburgs [ˈlɪmbʏr(ə)xs]; also Limburgian, Limburgic or Limburgan) is the collective designation for a group of closely related language varieties spoken in most of Belgian and Dutch Limburg and in the adjacent areas of North Rhine-Westphalia.

The Limburgish dialects lack a standardized form and instead comprise multiple varieties, each with its own distinctive features. A characteristic feature of many dialects of Limburgish is the occurrence of a lexical pitch accent (Franconian tone accent), which these dialects adopted from and share with the adjacent Central Franconian dialects of German.

In the Netherlands, Limburgish has been officially recognized as a regional language by the Dutch government since 1997. In Belgium and Germany, Limburgish dialects have no formal legal status.