hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constitutionalization attempts in Iran
The Iranian Constitutional Revolution was a short-lived push for democratic rule in the form of a constitutional monarchy within a highly elitist yet decentralized society under the Qajars. The mounting disgust amidst the clergy, bazaaris, farmers, intellectuals, and other segments of the populace with respect to the Shah, policies during the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century illustrates a classic example of an environment ripe for protest, as a wide array of people in society felt an increasing need to express their grievances with an oppressive and largely autocratic government.

Intellectual
An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the nature of reality, especially the nature of society and proposed solutions for its normative problems. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by either rejecting, producing or extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.
World manifold
In  gravitation theory, a world manifold endowed with some Lorentzian pseudo-Riemannian metric and an associated space-time structure is a space-time. Gravitation theory is formulated as classical field theory on natural bundles over a world manifold.

Spacetime topology
Spacetime topology is the topological structure of spacetime, a topic studied primarily in general relativity. This physical theory models gravitation as the curvature of a four dimensional Lorentzian manifold (a spacetime) and the concepts of topology thus become important in analysing local as well as global aspects of spacetime. The study of spacetime topology is especially important in physical cosmology.
Rational design
In chemical biology and biomolecular engineering, rational design (RD) is an umbrella term which invites the strategy of creating new molecules with a certain functionality, based upon the ability to predict how the molecule's structure (specifically derived from motifs) will affect its behavior through physical models.  This can be done either from scratch or by making calculated variations on a known structure, and usually complements directed evolution.

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
Donny Gorter
Donny Gorter (born 15 June 1988) is a Dutch former professional footballer who plays as a left back. He formerly played for NAC Breda, AZ, AaB, Viborg FF and ADO Den Haag. He is the son of former footballer Edwin Gorter.

ADO Den Haag
Alles Door Oefening Den Haag (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑləz doːr ˈufənɪŋ dɛn ˈɦaːx]), commonly known by the abbreviated name ADO Den Haag ([ˈaːdoː dɛn ˈɦaːx]), is a Dutch association football club from the city of The Hague. They play in the Eerste Divisie, the second tier of Dutch football, following relegation from the Eredivisie in the 2020–21 season. The club was for a time known as FC Den Haag ([ɛfˈseː dɛn ˈɦaːx]), with ADO representing the amateur branch of the club. Despite being from one of the traditional three large Dutch cities, it has not been able to match Ajax, Feyenoord or PSV in terms of success in the Eredivisie or in European competition. There is nonetheless a big rivalry with Ajax and Feyenoord. The Dutch words "Alles Door Oefening" translate into Everything Through Practice.
Archdeaconry of Montgomery
Archdeaconry of Montgomery is an archdeaconry within the Diocese of St Asaph. It covers the eastern area of Montgomeryshire and includes  Welshpool, Newtown, and Llanfyllin. Originally part of the Archdeaconry of Powys, which dated from the Medieval period. The Archdeaconry of Powys was reconstituted by an Order in Council in 1844, when it was split into the Archdeaconry of Montgomery and  the Archdeaconry of St Asaph. In recent years the Archdeacon has lived in 17th century half-timbered Vicarage at Berriew.

Welshpool
Welshpool (Welsh: Y Trallwng ⓘ) is a market town and community in Powys, Wales, historically in the county of Montgomeryshire. The town is four miles (six kilometres) from the Wales–England border and low-lying on the River Severn. The community, which also includes Cloddiau and Pool Quay, has a population of 6,664 (as of the 2011 United Kingdom census), with the town having 5,948. There are many examples of Georgian architecture within the town. Powis Castle is located to the north.
Naif Hazazi (footballer, born 1988)
Naif Ahmad Hazazi (Arabic: نايف أحمد هزازي; born 27 July 1988), also nicknamed Al Saqr which means The Falcon, is a Saudi Arabian professional footballer, who plays for Al-Wadi as a striker former the Saudi Arabia national team.

Al Shabab Club
Al-Shabab Saudi Football Club also known as Al-Shabab (Arabic: نادي الشباب لكرة القدم, romanized: nādī al-shabaab li-kurat al-qadam, lit. 'The Youth Football Club') is a Saudi Arabian professional football club based in Riyadh that competes in the Saudi Pro League. Founded in 1947 as Shabab Al-Riyadh (شباب الرياض; lit. 'Riyadh Youth'), it was renamed Al-Shabab in 1967.

The club earned its name, "Shabab," meaning "youth" in Arabic, due to its emphasis on developing young players at its inception. Unlike its rivals, which primarily featured senior players, the club focused on nurturing youth talent. This distinction persisted for many years, becoming a defining characteristic of the club. As a result, the club became renowned for its commitment to youth development.
Larry Gaaga
Larry Ndianefo, professionally known as Larry Gaaga, is a Nigerian songwriter, recording artist, music producer, and record label executive. He gained fame with the success of Gaga Shuffle, a song performed by 2Baba Idibia.

Flavour (musician)
Chinedu Okoli (listenⓘ; born 23 November 1983), better known by his stage name Flavour N'abania or simply Flavour, is a Nigerian singer and songwriter. He began his musical career as a drummer for a local church. His popular releases include "Nwa Baby (Ashawo Remix)", "Ada Ada" and "Time to Party." He is currently signed to 2nite Entertainment.

In 2008, he released his self-titled debut album N'abania. In 2010, Flavour released his second studio album, Uplifted. It was supported by the singles "Nwa Baby (Ashawo Remix)", "Adamma", and "Oyi Remix". The album's success made Flavour one of Africa's most sought out artists. He was booked to perform at numerous concerts and social events following Uplifted's release.
Tarchi
Tarchi is an Italian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Angelo Tarchi (composer) (c. 1760–1814), Italian composer

Angelo Tarchi (politician) (1897–1974), Italian politician

Marco Tarchi (born 1952), Italian political scientist

Angelo Tarchi (politician)
Angelo Tarchi (Borgo San Lorenzo, 5 February 1897 – Milan, 16 February 1974) was an Italian Fascist politician, Minister of Corporative Economy of the Italian Social Republic. He was the grand-uncle of Marco Tarchi.
Penn-Ohio Intercollegiate Hockey League
The Pennsylvania-Ohio Intercollegiate Hockey League, sometimes called the Penn-Ohio Intercollegiate Hockey League, Ohio-Penn Intercollegiate Hockey League or Cleveland-Pittsburgh Intercollegiate Hockey League, was a varsity men's collegiate ice hockey conference from 1937 to 1941.

Baldwin Wallace University
Baldwin Wallace University (BW) is a private university in Berea, Ohio, United States. Established in 1845 as Baldwin Institute by Methodist businessman and former founder of a utopian community at Berea, Ohio John Baldwin, it merged with nearby German Wallace College in 1913 to become Baldwin-Wallace College. There are two campus sites: Berea, which serves as the main campus, and Corporate College East in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. The university enrolls approximately 3,300 full-time undergraduate and graduate students as of fall 2024. Baldwin Wallace's athletic teams compete as members of NCAA Division III athletics in the Ohio Athletic Conference.
Cyanothamnus inconspicuus
Cyanothamnus inconspicuus is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a shrub with pinnate leaves and small white or creamy green flowers with four petals and eight stamens and occurs from the Stirling Range to Mount Ragged.

Stirling Range
The Stirling Range, also known as Koikyennuruff, is a range of mountains and hills in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, 337 kilometres (209 mi) south-east of Perth. It is over 60 kilometres (37 mi) wide from west to east, stretching from the highway between Mount Barker and Cranbrook eastward past Gnowangerup. The Stirling Range is protected by the Stirling Range National Park, which was gazetted in 1913, and has an area of 1,159 km2 (447 sq mi).
Generics in Java
Generics are a facility of generic programming that were added to the Java programming language in 2004 within version J2SE 5.0. They were designed to extend Java's type system to allow "a type or method to operate on objects of various types while providing compile-time type safety". The aspect compile-time type safety required that parametrically polymorphic
functions are not implemented in the Java virtual machine, since type safety is impossible in this case.

The Java collections framework supports generics to specify the type of objects stored in a collection instance.

In 1998, Gilad Bracha, Martin Odersky, David Stoutamire and Philip Wadler created Generic Java, an extension to the Java language to support generic types. Generic Java was incorporated in Java with the addition of wildcards.

Java Platform, Standard Edition
Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) is a computing platform, technical standard for execution of applications on independent Java-supported platforms as such  portable code for desktop and server environments. Java SE was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE).

The platform uses the Java programming language and is part of the Java software-platform family. Java SE defines a range of general-purpose APIs—such as Java APIs for the Java Class Library—and also includes the Java Language Specification and the Java Virtual Machine Specification.
OpenJDK is the official reference implementation since version 7.
Anime Matsuri
Anime Matsuri is an annual four-day anime convention held during July/August at the George R. Brown Convention Center in Houston, Texas. The convention's name comes from the Japanese word 'matsuri' meaning festival.

Young Animator Training Project
The Young Animator Training Project (若手アニメーター育成プロジェクト, Wakate Animētā Ikusei Purojekuto) is an annual project launched in 2010, and funded by the Japanese government's Agency for Cultural Affairs in order to support training animators. The project culminates in a series of anime shorts produced by various animation studios each year called:

Project A, released in 2011

Anime Mirai (アニメミライ; lit. "Anime Future"), released in 2012–2015

Anime Tamago (あにめたまご; lit. "Anime Egg"), released in 2016-2020

Anime no Tane (あにめのたね; lit. "Anime's Seed"), released since 2021
2020s in Latin music
For Latin music from a year in the 2020s, go to 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25

This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in Latin music in the 2020s, namely in Ibero-America (including Spain and Portugal). This includes the rise and fall of various subgenres in Latin music from 2020 to 2029.

Latin music
Latin music (Portuguese and Spanish: música latina) is a term used by the music industry as a catch-all category for various styles of music from Ibero-America, which encompasses Latin America, Spain, Portugal, and the Latino population in Canada and the United States, as well as music that is sung in either Spanish or Portuguese. It may also include music from other territories where Spanish- and Portuguese-language music is made.
Park Avenue, Central Park (Hong Kong)
Park Avenue (Chinese: 柏景灣; Jyutping: baak3 ging2 waan1) and Central Park (Chinese: 帝柏海灣; Jyutping: dai3 paak3 hoi2 waan1) is a private housing estate in Tai Kok Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was one of the projects connected with the MTR Olympic station Phase II development and is built on the reclaimed land of the former Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter. Developed by the consortium of MTR Corporation, Sino Land, Kerry Properties, Bank of China (Hong Kong) and China Overseas Land and Investment in 2001, it comprises nine high-rise buildings (Central Park: Block 1, 2, 3 and 5 ; Park Avenue: Block 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10) with a total of 2,396 units (Park Avenue: 1,592 ; Central Park: 1,344).

Kowloon
Kowloon (/ˌkaʊˈluːn/) is one of the three areas of Hong Kong, along with Hong Kong Island and the New Territories. It is an urban area comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. It has a population of 2,019,533  and a population density of 43,033/km2 (111,450/sq mi) in 2006. It is the smallest, second most populous, and most densely populated of the divisions.
De Vita
De Vita is the surname of:

Corrado De Vita (1905–1987), Italian journalist and writer

Franco De Vita (born 1954), Venezuelan singer-songwriter

Giuseppe De Vita (born 1982), Italian rower

Paolo De Vita (born 1957), Italian actor

Pasquale De Vita (born 1994), Italian footballer

Pier Lorenzo De Vita (1909–1990), Italian comic book artist

Raffaele De Vita (born 1987), Italian footballer

Tony De Vita (1932–1998), Italian composer, conductor, arranger and pianist

Tony De Vita
Antonio De Vita (10 February 1932 – 14 January 1998), best known as Tony De Vita, was an Italian composer, conductor, arranger and pianist.

Born in Milan, De Vita graduated at the Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory in his hometown. He started his career as a pianist, accompanying artists such as Johnny Dorelli and Betty Curtis. In 1963 he debuted on television as the conductor in the variety show La fiera dei sogni, and from then he appeared in dozens of popular shows, including  Senza Rete, Fantastico and Domenica in.

De Vita composed over five hundred songs and musical scores.  He is best known for his long collaboration with the singer Mina. Among his best known compositions, the song  "Piano", which was later recorded by Matt Monro (1962), Doris Day (1963) and Frank Sinatra (1964) with the title "Softly, as I Leave You".
Red Cliffs Utah Temple
The Red Cliffs Utah Temple, originally announced as the Washington County Utah Temple, is a temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in St. George, Utah. The intent to construct the temple was announced in October 2018 by church president Russell M. Nelson. It is the second temple in Washington County, with the St. George Utah Temple being the first, and the fourth in southern Utah.

The temple is approximately 96,000 square feet and contain three stories. The construction is a significant development in a region where church members form a substantial part of the population. Temples differ from regular meetinghouses and church members consider them sacred where ordinances like marriages and proxy baptisms are performed. A public open house was held from February 1 to March 2, 2024, with the dedication, led by Henry B. Eyring, of the church's First Presidency, on March 24, 2024.

Meetinghouse (LDS Church)
A meetinghouse is a place of worship for members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Latter-day Saints use meetinghouses for most of their worship and Sunday school instruction. They differ from temples, which are used for specific rites by faithful members. Unlike temples, meetinghouses are open to the public and often host community events.
Listed buildings in Broughton West
Broughton West is a civil parish in the Westmorland and Furness district of Cumbria, England.  It contains 39 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the market town of Broughton-in-Furness and a number of small villages and settlements, including Broughton Mills, but is otherwise rural.  Many of the listed buildings are located in Broughton-in-Furness, and the others are scattered around the parish.  Most of the listed buildings are country houses, smaller houses and associated structures, and farmhouses and farm buildings.  The other listed buildings include a church and items in the churchyard, bridges, public houses, a former market hall, a commemorative obelisk, stocks, a limekiln and market benches.

Stocks
Stocks are feet restraining devices that were used as a form of corporal punishment and public humiliation. The use of stocks is seen as early as Ancient Greece, where they are described as being in use in Solon's law code. The law describing its use is cited by the orator Lysias: "'He shall have his or her foot confined in the stocks for five days, if the court shall make such addition to the sentence.' The 'stocks' there mentioned, Theomnestus, are what we now call 'confinement in the wood'" (Lys. 10.16).
Political party strength in Tennessee
Tennessee's politics are currently dominated by the Republican Party. Republicans currently hold both of the state's U.S. Senate seats, a majority of Congressional seats, and the state legislature. Democratic strength is largely concentrated in Nashville, Memphis, Chattanooga and parts of Knoxville, Clarksville, Murfreesboro and Jackson. Several rural Black Belt areas of West Tennessee and suburban areas of the Nashville/Murfreesboro, Chattanooga and Knoxville metropolitan areas also contain significant Democratic minorities. On the other hand, Republicans have a solid base of support in Cookeville and its suburbs, most exurban areas around Nashville except in Rutherford County and Franklin, most suburbs of Memphis, the Tri-Cities outside of Johnson City itself and most majority rural areas, regularly outperforming even their statewide results there.

Cookeville micropolitan area
The Cookeville Micropolitan Statistical Area as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of four counties in Middle Tennessee, anchored by the city of Cookeville.

As of the 2020 census, the Cookeville Micropolitan Area had a population of 141,333.
Nobody Does It Better (Nate Dogg song)
"Nobody Does It Better" is a song by American singer-songwriter Nate Dogg, featuring vocals from rapper Warren G. It was released in June 1998 as the second single from Nate Dogg's debut studio album G-Funk Classics, Vol. 1 & 2 (1998). The song was produced by Warren G, and samples and contains an interpolation from "Let's Get Closer" by Atlantic Starr. The song was later sampled by rapper G Herbo in his song “No Jail Time” from his 2021 album “25” The song also appeared on the soundtrack to the 1998 film Woo, which was released a month earlier.

G Herbo
Herbert Randall Wright III (born October 8, 1995), better known by his stage name G Herbo (formerly Lil Herb), is an American rapper. He signed with the Chicago-based record label Machine Entertainment Group in 2011, at the age of 16. His debut mixtape, Welcome to Fazoland (2014), was released by the label, along with its follow-ups Pistol P Project (2014), Ballin Like I'm Kobe (2015), and Strictly 4 My Fans (2016). His debut studio album, Humble Beast (2017), was released by Cinematic Music Group and met with critical acclaim.

He signed onto a triple-joint venture with Epic Records to release his collaborative album and major label debut, Swervo (2018) with record producer Southside; its sequel, Still Swervin (2019), served as Wright's second album. His third album, PTSD (2020), peaked within the top ten of the Billboard 200, and he signed with Republic Records to release his subsequent albums: 25 (2021), Survivor's Remorse (2022), Big Swerv (2024), and Lil Herb (2025).
Thistle F.C.
Thistle Football Club (also known as Glasgow Thistle and Bridgeton Thistle) was a 19th-century football club based in Glasgow. The club was briefly a member of the Scottish Football League Division Two, and has been described as the most insignificant and least successful to have entered the league. It played at Braehead Park during its Scottish League season.

Lanarkshire Cup
The Lanarkshire Cup was an annual competition open to football teams in the Lanarkshire area. The competition is now defunct. The Lanarkshire FA was dissolved in June 1999 when it was merged with the Ayrshire and Renfrewshire FAs to form the West of Scotland FA. This was because the memberships of these associations had fallen below the 7-club threshold placed on them by the Scottish FA.
Data manipulation language
A data manipulation language (DML) is a computer programming language used for adding (inserting), deleting, and modifying (updating) data in a database. A DML is often a sublanguage of a broader database language such as SQL, with the DML comprising some of the operators in the language. Read-only selecting of data is sometimes distinguished as being part of a separate data query language (DQL), but it is closely related and sometimes also considered a component of a DML; some operators may perform both selecting (reading) and writing.

A popular data manipulation language is that of Structured Query Language (SQL), which is used to retrieve and manipulate data in a relational database. Other forms of DML are those used by IMS/DLI, CODASYL databases, such as IDMS and others.

Relational database
A relational database (RDB) is a database  based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured format using rows and columns.

Many relational database systems are equipped with the option of using SQL (Structured Query Language) for querying and updating the database.
Gary Ferland
Gary Joseph Ferland (born May 10, 1951, in Washington D.C.) is an American astrophysicist. He is a professor of Physics and Astronomy at The University of Kentucky. He is best known for developing the astrophysical simulation code Cloudy, for his work on physical processes in ionized plasmas, and investigations of the chemical evolution of the cosmos.

Astronomical Society of the Pacific
The Astronomical Society of the Pacific (ASP) is an American scientific and educational organization, founded in San Francisco on February 7, 1889, immediately following the solar eclipse of January 1, 1889. Its name derives from its origins on the Pacific Coast, but today it has members all over the country and the world. It has the legal status of a nonprofit organization.

It is the largest general astronomy education society in the world, with members from over 40 countries.