hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Keyed trumpet
The keyed trumpet is a cylindrical-bore brass instrument in the trumpet family that makes use of tone holes operated by keys to alter pitch and provide a full chromatic scale, rather than extending the length of tubing with a slide or valves. It was developed from the natural trumpet in the 18th century and reached its high-point in popularity c. 1800 when two important trumpet concertos were written for it by Austrian composers Joseph Haydn and Johann Nepomuk Hummel, but waned with the invention of valves in the 1820s and the subsequent emergence of the modern valved trumpet. It is rarely seen in modern performances.

Harmonic series (music)
The harmonic series (also overtone series) is the sequence of harmonics, musical tones, or pure tones whose frequency is an integer multiple of a fundamental frequency.

Pitched musical instruments are often based on an acoustic resonator such as a string or a column of air, which oscillates at numerous modes simultaneously. As waves travel in both directions along the string or air column, they reinforce and cancel one another to form standing waves. Interaction with the surrounding air produces audible sound waves, which travel away from the instrument. These frequencies are generally integer multiples, or harmonics, of the fundamental and such multiples form the harmonic series.

The fundamental, which is usually perceived as the lowest partial present, is generally perceived as the pitch of a musical tone. The musical timbre of a steady tone from such an instrument is strongly affected by the relative strength of each harmonic.
Empire of Dirt (film)
Empire of Dirt is a 2013 Canadian drama film directed by Peter Stebbings. It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

The film was a shortlisted nominee for Best Picture at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards. It also garnered nominations for Best Actress (Cara Gee), Best Supporting Actress (Jennifer Podemski), Best Original Screenplay (Shannon Masters) and Best Editing (Jorge Weisz).

Peter Stebbings
Peter Stebbings is a Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter best known for portraying Kevin Sharp in the drama series Madison, Paul Deeds in the series Traders, and for writing and directing Defendor. He portrayed Alvin Klein on the science fiction drama series The Listener.
Frederick Nash (painter)
Frederick Nash (1782–1856) was an English painter and draughtsman.

Frederick Nash was born in Lambeth. He initially studied architectural drawing under Thomas Malton, then later enrolled at the Royal Academy of Arts. Between 1801 and 1809 Nash worked with the antiquarians John Britton and Edward Wedlake Brayley. In 1810, he became a member of Society of Painters in Watercolours, an organization whose members had seceded from the Royal Academy over complaints that their work was not being recognized. Nash primarily painted landscapes, and made sketching trips to Calais, Caen, the Moselle river and the Rhine. In 1834 he moved to Brighton where he continued working until his death in 1856.

Royal Watercolour Society
The Royal Watercolour Society is a British institution of painters working in watercolours. The Society is a centre of excellence for water-based media on paper, which allows for a diverse and interesting range of approaches to the medium of watercolour. Its members, or associates, use the post-nominal initials RWS and ARWS (associate member). They are elected by the membership, with typically half a dozen new associates joining the Society each year.
Edmund Bilton
Edmund John Bilton (23 May 1839 — 24 August 1916) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of James and Rebecca Bilton (née Ship), he was born at Cambridge in May 1839. A keen cricketer, he made three appearances in first-class cricket between 1859 and 1866 as a wicket-keeper for Cambridge Town Club (playing as Cambridgeshire in 1866), with all three of his first-class matches coming against Cambridge University. He scored 25 runs in his three matches, with a highest score of 11. Outside of cricket, Bilton was by profession a clerk and music teacher; his musical interest included his membership of both the King's College and Trinity College choirs at the University of Cambridge. Bilton died at Cambridge in August 1916.

Cambridge Town Club
Cambridge Town Club (CTC) was an English cricket club established in Cambridge before 1817. Among notable players who represented CTC were Tom Hayward Sr, Robert Carpenter, Alfred Diver, and George Tarrant. It co-existed with Cambridge University Cricket Club, an entirely separate entity, and the two teams played each other on numerous occasions.
Avast Secure Browser
Avast Secure Browser (formerly Avast! SafeZone) is an Avast Software web browser included for optional installation in the Avast Antivirus installer since 2016, but it is also available on its website. It is based on the open source Chromium project. It is available for Microsoft Windows, macOS, iOS, and Android.

Avast Online Security is an extension for Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox and Opera browsers that has some similar features to Avast Secure Browser.

Browser extension
A browser extension is a software module for customizing a web browser. Browsers typically allow users to install a variety of extensions, including user interface modifications, cookie management, ad blocking, and the custom scripting and styling of web pages.

Browser plug-ins are a different type of module and no longer supported by the major browsers. One difference is that extensions are distributed as source code, while plug-ins are executables (i.e. object code). The most popular browser, Google Chrome, has over 200,000 extensions available but stopped supporting plug-ins in 2020.
Barrio (surname)
Barrio is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Artur Barrio (born 1945), Brazilian artist

Diego Martínez Barrio (1882–1965), Spanish politician

Francisco Barrio (1950–2025), Mexican politician

Paquita la del Barrio (1947–2025), Mexican singer, songwriter, and actress

Ramon Del Barrio (born 1964), American performer, choreographer, dancer and singer

Sonia Barrio (born 1969), Spanish field hockey player

Víctor Barrio (1987–2016), Spanish bullfighter

Paquita la del Barrio
Francisca Viveros Barradas (April 2, 1946 – February 17, 2025), known professionally as Paquita la del Barrio, was a Mexican singer. She was a Grammy-nominated performer of rancheras, boleros and other traditional and contemporary Mexican musical genres.

Her songs were often characterized as a female empowering against Mexico's sexist and "macho" male culture and as criticizing Latino men for causing problems in relationships. This theme was present in some of her most notable songs, such as "Rata de dos patas", "Me saludas a la tuya" and "Tres veces te engañé", which became feminist anthems in Mexico.

In 2021, Paquita was honored with the Billboard Latin Music Lifetime Achievement Award.
De Hoy en Adelante
"De Hoy en Adelante" ("From Now On") is a song by Puerto Rican singer Millie Corretjer (credited simply as Millie) from her third studio album, Amar Es un Juego  (1999). It was released as the second single in 1999 and became her second #1 on the Latin Pop Airplay chart and her first on the Hot Latin Songs chart  in the US. El Norte Deborah Davis favorably compared it to Cher stating that the artist "taps into the rich vein that has served Cher so well in recent months: emotionally surviving marital disasters. So if you're a woman looking for another battle hymn, turn to Millie ASAP." El Nuevo Herald's Eliseo Cardona cited it as one of the tracks where Corretjer as the "plate having salvageable parts" on the album.  It was recognized as one of the best-performing songs of the year at the ASCAP Latin Awards under the pop/ballad category in 2000.

Hot Latin Songs
The Billboard Hot Latin Songs (formerly Hot Latin Tracks and Hot Latin 50) is a record chart in the United States for Latin songs, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Since October 2012, chart rankings are based on digital sales, radio airplay, and online streaming, and only predominantly Spanish-language songs are allowed to rank. The chart was established by the magazine on September 6, 1986, and was originally based on airplay on Latin music radio stations. Although the chart predominantly allows Spanish-language songs, songs in English and Portuguese have charted.

The first number one song of the Hot Latin Songs chart was "La Guirnalda" by Rocío Dúrcal on September 6, 1986. As of the issue dated February 28, 2026, the chart has had 468 different number one hits, while 192 artists have reached number one (as a lead or a featured act). The current number-one song on the chart is "DTMF" by Bad Bunny.
Aum Tshewang Lham
Aum Tshewang Lham was a vocalist from Tshangkha, Trongsa Bhutan. She was among the selected in a group by the Third Bhutanese King, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, who is also known as the Third Druk Gyalpo, to go and record the first ever traditional music album of Bhutanese culture; in the year 1968 in Calcutta, India. Among the selected were: Bhutan's most famous female vocalist at the time, 'Aum Thinlem' and 'Aum Dawpey' a famous Bhutanese lute instrument player who was the only one to be rewarded the 'Thugesy' by the king whom Aum Tshewang Lham served for four years.

The Zhabdro Gorgom styled songs were sung and written in Dzongkha language. The group recorded several tracks in 1968, which were released in 2015. Aum Tshewang Lham was honoured with the "Druk Norbu" musical award, by Her Royal Highness Princess Ashi Deki Yangzom Wangchuck.

Trongsa
Trongsa, previously Tongsa (Dzongkha: ཀྲོང་གསར་, Wylie: krong gsar), is a Thromde or town, and the capital of Trongsa District in central Bhutan. The name means "new village" in Dzongkha. The first temple was built in 1543 by the Drukpa lama Ngagi Wangchuck, who was the great-grandfather of Ngawang Namgyal, Zhabdrung Rinpoche, the unifier of Bhutan.
R. Jay Wallace
R. Jay Wallace (born 1957) is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy and William and Trudy Ausfahl Chair at the University of California, Berkeley. His areas of specialization include moral philosophy and philosophy of action.  He is most noted for his work on practical reason, moral psychology, and meta-ethics.

Action theory (philosophy)
Action theory or theory of action is an area in philosophy concerned with theories about the processes causing willful human bodily movements of a more or less complex kind. This area of thought involves epistemology, ethics, metaphysics, jurisprudence, and philosophy of mind, and has attracted the strong interest of philosophers ever since Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (Third Book). With the advent of psychology and later neuroscience, many theories of action are now subject to empirical testing.

Philosophical action theory, or the philosophy of action, should not be confused with sociological theories of social action, such as the action theory established by Talcott Parsons.  Nor should it be confused with activity theory.
Augusto Gómez Villanueva
Augusto Gómez Villanueva (born 23 July 1929) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He served as Senator of the XLVIII and XLIX Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Aguascalientes and as Deputy of the XLVI, L, LIV, LVI, and LVIII Legislatures.

He was the President of the Chamber of Deputies in 1965.

L Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The L Legislature of the Congress of the Union met from 1976 to 1979. This 50th session of Congress consisted of senators and deputies who were members of their respective chambers. They began their duties on September 1, 1976, and ended on August 31, 1979.

The senators and deputies were elected to office in the 1976 Mexican general election. The senators were elected for a period of six years (so they maintained their seat in the next legislature), and the deputies were elected for a period of three years.
UNC Wilmington Seahawks baseball
For information on all University of North Carolina Wilmington sports, see UNC Wilmington Seahawks

The UNC Wilmington Seahawks baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of the University of North Carolina Wilmington in Wilmington, North Carolina, United States. The team is a member of Coastal Athletic Association, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. UNC Wilmington's first baseball team was fielded in 1957. The team plays its home games at Brooks Field in Wilmington, North Carolina. The Seahawks are coached by Randy Hood.

University of North Carolina Wilmington
The  University of North Carolina Wilmington, or University of North Carolina at Wilmington, (UNC Wilmington or UNCW) is a public research university in Wilmington, North Carolina. It is part of the University of North Carolina system and enrolled 18,848 undergraduate and graduate students in 2024. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".

Founded on September 4, 1947, Wilmington College opened as a junior college, primarily providing education to World War II veterans. The school became a four-year liberal arts college in 1963, following legislation from the North Carolina General Assembly. In 1969, the college became a university and was renamed as the University of North Carolina Wilmington. Today, it has three campuses with the main campus in Wilmington, an extension campus in Jacksonville, North Carolina, and the Center for Marine Science near Myrtle Grove, North Carolina.
Anna Anni
Anna Anni (21 November 1926 – 1 January 2011) was an Italian costume designer, best known for her frequent collaborations with director Franco Zeffirelli. She was co-nominated with Maurizio Millenotti for the Academy Award for Best Costume Design for their work on Zeffirelli's 1986 film Otello.

Anni was born on 21 November 1926 in Marradi, Tuscany; she died in Florence on 1 January 2011.

Otello (1986 film)
Otello is a 1986 film based on the Giuseppe Verdi opera of the same name, which was itself based on the Shakespearean play Othello. The film was directed by Franco Zeffirelli and starred Plácido Domingo in the title role, Katia Ricciarelli as Desdemona and Justino Díaz as Iago. For the film's soundtrack, Lorin Maazel conducted the Orchestra and Chorus of the Teatro alla Scala. The film premiered in West Germany on 28 August 1986 and received a U.S. theatrical release on 12 September 1986. It was nominated for a Bafta Award and a Golden Globe for Best Foreign Language Film.
Soggadu (1975 film)
Soggadu (transl. Charmer) is a 1975 Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by K. Bapayya and produced by D. Ramanaidu under Suresh Productions. The film stars Sobhan Babu as the title character alongside Jayachitra and Jayasudha. Anjali Devi, Kaikala Satyanarayana, Raja Babu, Allu Ramalingaiah, Santha Kumari, and Nagesh play supporting roles. Released on 19 December 1975, the film was a big commercial success. It was remade in Hindi as Dildaar (1977) and in Tamil as Radhaiketra Kannan (1978).

Anjali Devi
Anjali Devi (pronunciationⓘ 24 August 1927 – 13 January 2014) was an Indian actress, model and producer in Telugu and Tamil films. She was well known for her role as the Devi Sita in Lava Kusa as well as for the title roles in movies like Chenchu Lakshmi, Suvarna Sundari and Anarkali.
Texas's 80th House of Representatives district
The 80th district of the Texas House of Representatives consists of a portion of Webb County and the entirety of Atascosa County, Dimmit County, Frio County, Uvalde County and Zavala County. The current representative is Don McLaughlin, who has represented the district since 2025.

Frio County, Texas
Frio County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 18,385. Its county seat is Pearsall. The county was created in 1858 and later organized in 1871. Frio is named for the Frio River, whose name is Spanish for "cold".
Landon T. Ross Jr.
Landon Timmonds Ross Jr. (October 19, 1942 – February 7, 2016) was an American environmental biologist. He received master's degrees in geology from Florida State University (FSU master's thesis) and paleontology (Harvard University), and a biology Ph.D. from Florida State (FSU doctoral dissertation), while studying malacology there.

Ross spent his career, between 1970 and 2000, employed as an environmental biologist: as lead biologist with the state of Florida agency regulating the environment (Pollution Control, Environmental Regulation), or as central biology laboratory leader (Environmental Protection). His scientific contributions cover a relatively wide range of subjects, mostly related to Florida's environment.

Florida Department of Air and Water Pollution Control
The Florida Department of Air and Water Pollution Control was the state of Florida's first agency devoted strictly to environmental quality. It was created under the authority of Florida Statute 69-109 during the administration of Governor Claude Kirk, in 1969. The agency's name was changed to the Florida Department of Pollution Control in 1971. This agency was merged with part of the Florida Department of Health several years later, to form the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation.
The Hills season 1
The first season of The Hills, an American reality television series, consists of 10 episodes and was broadcast on MTV. It aired from May 31, 2006, until August 2, 2006. The season was filmed from August 2005 to July 2006 in Los Angeles, California, with additional footage in New York City. The executive producer was Liz Gateley.

The Hills focuses on the lives of Lauren Conrad, Audrina Patridge, Whitney Port, and Heidi Montag. During the season, Conrad moves from Laguna Beach to Los Angeles. Accompanied by her best friend and housemate Montag, the pair attend the Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising, though the latter left the college after receiving employment from Bolthouse Productions. Conrad befriends Port through an internship with Teen Vogue, while Montag develops a companionship with Patridge after learning that she lives in their apartment building.

Audrina Patridge
Audrina Patridge (born May 9, 1985) is an American television personality, model and actress. In 2006, she rose to prominence after being cast in the reality television series The Hills, which chronicled the personal and professional lives of Patridge and friends Lauren Conrad, Heidi Montag and Whitney Port. During its production, she was cast in positions with Quixote Studios and Epic Records.

Later that year, Patridge competed on the 11th season of the American version of Dancing with the Stars, and finished in seventh place. In 2011, she commissioned her own television series, Audrina, which documented the lives of her immediate family and her. Patridge entered the film industry with roles in the horror film Sorority Row (2009) and direct-to-DVD film, Into the Blue 2: The Reef (2009), and was a supporting character in Honey 2 (2011). In 2014 and 2015, Patridge hosted NBC's late-night travel show 1st Look.
Chuck Canfield
Charles Joseph Canfield (March 24, 1932 – January 24, 2017) was a Veteran of the United States Navy and an American businessman. He was a mayor of Rochester, Minnesota. Before being elected mayor in 1995, he was the member of the Rochester City Council for the 2nd Ward for a span which began in 1986. He owned a Shakey's Pizza restaurant in northwest Rochester along US Route 52
since 1967 until its closure in the 2002. He lost the 2002 mayoral election to Ardell Brede.

U.S. Route 52
U.S. Route 52 (US 52) is a major U.S. Highway in the Central United States that extends from the northern to southeastern region of the United States. Contrary to most other even-numbered U.S. Highways, US 52 primarily follows a northwest–southeast route, and it is signed north–south or east–west depending on the local orientation of the route. The highway's northwestern terminus is in Portal, North Dakota, at the Canadian border, where it continues as Saskatchewan Highway 39. Its southeastern terminus is in Charleston, South Carolina, at Number 2 Meeting Street and White Point Garden along the Charleston Harbor.
History of the Jews in Peru
The history of the Jews in Peru dates back to the country's Spanish period with the arrival of migration flows of Sephardic Jews from Europe, the Near East and Northern Africa. This small community virtually disappeared as a result of the Inquisition, and was only revived by two migratory waves that took place during the late 19th-century and the early to mid-20th century, with a number of Sephardic and Ashkenazi Jews arriving to northeastern Iquitos due to the Amazon rubber boom, as well as the country's capital, Lima, through neighbouring Callao, where they also settled due to World War II.

The small community in and around Iquitos is now known as the Amazonian Jews, most of which have since established themselves in Israel since the late 20th century. In Lima, the community is based in the upper-class districts of San Isidro and Miraflores, where a number of synagogues are also located. A synagogue also services a small community in the southern city of Cuzco.

Abraham Moshe Brener
Abraham Moshe Brener (Rabino Moises Brener) (Hebrew: אברהם משה ברנר; died January 5, 1968) was the former Chief Rabbi (Gran Rabino) of Lima, Peru. He served as the Chief Rabbi of Lima from the mid-1930s to 1962. Following his tenure, Rabbi Brener moved to New York City.
Elisabeth Luard
Elisabeth Luard (born 1941) née Longmore is a food writer, artist and broadcaster. She is Chair Emerita of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery.

She was born in 1941, shortly before her father Richard Longmore was killed in action as wing commander of CXX squadron while engaging U-539. Her mother, Millicent Baron, remarried a diplomat who took her to his postings in Uruguay, Spain and Mexico.  She worked at the satirical magazine Private Eye where she met and married the proprietor, Nicholas Luard, in 1963.  They had four children.

German submarine U-539
German submarine U-539 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 8 May 1942 at the Deutsche Werft yard in Hamburg as yard number 360, launched on 4 December 1942, and commissioned on 24 February 1943 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Hans-Jürgen Lauterbach-Emden. After training with the 4th U-boat Flotilla in the Baltic Sea, the boat was transferred to the 10th U-boat Flotilla for front-line service on 1 July 1943. She carried out three war patrols, sinking one ship and damaged two more. Transferred to the 33rd U-boat Flotilla on 1 October 1944, she sailed on no further patrols, and surrendered to Allied forces on 9 May 1945. Transferred from Bergen, Norway, to Loch Ryan, Scotland, she foundered on 4 December 1945 while being towed to the scuttling grounds as part of "Operation Deadlight".
H-13 (Michigan county highway)
H-13 is a county-designated highway in the Upper Peninsula of the US state of Michigan that runs north–south for approximately 36.2 miles (58.3 km) between Nahma Junction in Delta County and the Munising area in Alger County. The highway is also signed as Federal Forest Highway 13 (FFH-13), a Federal Forest Highway between Nahma Junction and Wetmore. The roadway runs through rural national forest lands providing access to several campgrounds and parks. The area contains several lakes as well. The Forest Highway System dates back to the 1920s, and an earthen roadway was present along the route of FFH-13 by the 1930s. It was paved by the late 1940s and added to the county-designated highway system in the 1970s. A section of H-13 in Alger County originally continued north to Miners Castle, but the roadway designation was truncated in the first decade of the 21st century.

Nahma Township, Michigan
Nahma Township is a civil township of Delta County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 468 at the 2020 census, slightly down from 495 at the 2010 census. Nahma was established in 1881 by the Bay De Noquet Lumber Company as the base for its upper Michigan lumbering operations.