hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Leptoquark
Leptoquarks are hypothetical particles that would interact with quarks and leptons. Leptoquarks are color-triplet bosons that carry both lepton and baryon numbers. Their other quantum numbers, like spin, (fractional) electric charge and weak isospin vary among models. Leptoquarks are encountered in various extensions of the Standard Model, such as technicolor theories, theories of quark–lepton unification (e.g., Pati–Salam model), or Grand Unified Theories based on SU(5), SO(10), E6, etc. Leptoquarks are currently searched for in experiments ATLAS and CMS at the Large Hadron Collider in CERN.

In March 2021, there were some reports to hint at the possible existence of leptoquarks as an unexpected difference in how bottom quarks decay to create electrons or muons. The measurement has been made at a statistical significance of 3.1σ, which is well below the 5σ level that is usually considered a discovery.

Lepton number
In particle physics, lepton number (historically also called lepton charge)
is a conserved quantum number representing the difference between the number of leptons and the number of antileptons in an elementary particle reaction.
Lepton number is an additive quantum number, so its sum is preserved in interactions (as opposed to multiplicative quantum numbers such as parity, where the product is preserved instead). The lepton number  is defined by

where

is the number of leptons and

is the number of antileptons.

Lepton number was introduced in 1953 to explain the absence of reactions such as

ν + n → p + e−

in the Cowan–Reines neutrino experiment, which instead observed

ν + p → n + e+ .

This process, inverse beta decay, conserves lepton number, as the incoming antineutrino has lepton number −1, while the outgoing positron (antielectron) also has lepton number −1.
A Herança
A Herança (English title: The Last Will) is a Portuguese telenovela produced by SP Televisão and broadcast by SIC. It premiered on 27 January 2025. The telenovela is written by Sandra Santos and Alexandre Castro with the collaboration of Ana Lúcia Carvalho, Andreia Vicente Martins, Joana Andrade, Manuel Carneiro and Pedro Cavaleiro. It stars Patrícia Tavares, Bárbara Branco, José Mata, Ricardo Pereira, Mariana Monteiro, Dânia Neto, Cristóvão Campos, Laura Dutra and Rui Pedro Silva.

Sociedade Independente de Comunicação
SIC (acronym of full name Sociedade Independente de Comunicação) ("Independent Communication Society") is a Portuguese television network and media company, which runs several television channels. Their flagship channel is the eponymous SIC, the third terrestrial television station in Portugal, launched on 6 October 1992. SIC is owned by Grupo Impresa, a Portuguese media conglomerate. It is one of the two private free-to-air channels in Portugal, among the seven terrestrial free-to-air channels broadcasting from the country. It was the most-watched channel in Portugal from 1995 to 2005, and again from 2019 to today.
Funny Pages (film)
Funny Pages is a 2022 American coming-of-age black comedy film written, directed, and edited by Owen Kline and produced by the Safdie brothers. It stars Daniel Zolghadri, Matthew Maher, Miles Emanuel, Maria Dizzia, and Josh Pais. The film was shot on Super 16 mm.

It premiered at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival and was released in the United States on August 26, 2022, where it received positive reviews from critics. The film was ranked among the Best Films of 2022 by The New York Times, BFI Sight and Sound, and awarded as one of the Top 10 Independent Films of 2022 by the National Board of Review. This was the final film role of Buddy Duress during his lifetime.

The film tells the story of a 17-year-old cartoonist Robert, who leaves home after the death of his mentor to forge his own path. He moves to a basement apartment in Trenton, New Jersey, and meets Wallace, a possibly unstable former cartoonist.

National Board of Review
The National Board of Review of Motion Pictures (NBR) is a non-profit organization of New York City area film enthusiasts.  Its awards, which are announced in early December, are considered the first major harbinger of the film awards season that culminates in the Academy Awards.
Lone Texas Ranger
Lone Texas Ranger is a 1945 American Western film directed by Spencer Gordon Bennet starring Wild Bill Elliott in the role of Red Ryder and costarring as Little Beaver, actor (Bobby) Robert Blake. It was the eighth of twenty-three Red Ryder feature films that would be produced by Republic Pictures. The picture was shot on the studio's back lot along with outdoor locations at Iverson Ranch, 1 Iverson Lane, Chatsworth, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Tom Chatterton
Tom Chatterton (February 12, 1881 – August 17, 1952) was an American actor and director.

Born in Geneva, New York, Chatterton was active in sports as a youth. He gained early acting experience with Ben Horning's stock theater company in Syracuse, New York. He worked with several stock theater companies, and for three years he portrayed the mayor in a touring company of The Man of the Hour. He also was active in vaudeville.

He began his film career in 1913 at the New York Motion Picture Company under director Thomas H. Ince. Although never a major star, Chatterton had several leading roles in early silent films. He appeared in a large number of westerns and was able to adapt to talkies allowing him to have a successful career lasting five decades.

Chatterton was also a film director.

He died in Hollywood in 1952 and was interred in the Glenwood Cemetery in his hometown of Geneva.
Jean-Nicolas Carrière
Jean-Nicolas Carrière (born October 3, 1985) is a Canadian former professional football linebacker in the Canadian Football League. He was drafted in the third round with the 21st overall pick in the 2008 CFL draft by the Toronto Argonauts and played the 2008 CFL season for them.

On July 9, 2009, Carrière was released by the Argonauts.

Carrière played CIS Football for the McGill Redmen.

U Sports football
U Sports football is the highest level of amateur play of Canadian football and operates under the auspices of U Sports, Canada's governing body for university sports. Twenty-seven teams from Canadian universities are divided into four athletic conferences, drawing from the four regional associations of U Sports: Canada West Universities Athletic Association, Ontario University Athletics, Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec, and Atlantic University Sport. At the end of every season, the champions of each conference advance to semifinal bowl games; the winners of these meet in the Vanier Cup national championship.
Gesina
Gesina is a Dutch feminine given name. Like the German form Gesine it originated, perhaps via the hypocorism "Ge" and diminutive "Gesie", from Geertruida/Gertrude. People with the name include:

Johanna Gesina Bonger (1862–1925), wife of Theo van Gogh, key player in the growth of Vincent van Gogh's fame

Gesina ter Borch (1633–1690), Dutch watercolorist and draftswoman, sister of Gerard ter Borch

Gesina Maria "Ina" van Faassen (1928–2011), Dutch actress and comedian

Gesina "Ina" ter Laak-Spijk (1931–2002), Dutch short and middle distance runner

Henriëtte Gesina Numans (1877–1955), Dutch painter

Hypocorism
A hypocorism (/haɪˈpɒkərɪzəm/ hy-POK-ər-iz-əm or /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒrɪzəm/ HY-pə-KORR-iz-əm; from Ancient Greek ὑποκόρισμα hypokórisma; sometimes also hypocoristic), or pet name, is a name used to show affection for a person. It may be a diminutive form of a person's name, such as Izzy for Isabel or Bob for Robert, or it may be unrelated.
Matteo Stefanini
Matteo Stefanini (born 29 April 1984) is a rower from Italy.

He competed for his native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens in the single sculls, and won the gold medal in the men's double sculls event at the 2005 Mediterranean Games alongside Alessio Sartori.  At the 2010 World Championships, he finished second in the men's quadruple sculls. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed in the quadruple sculls.

2010 World Rowing Championships
The 2010 World Rowing Championships were World Rowing Championships that were held from 31 October to 7 November 2010 on Lake Karapiro near Cambridge, New Zealand. The annual week-long rowing regatta was organised by FISA (the International Rowing Federation). Usually held at the end of the northern hemisphere summer, they were held later in the year in the southern hemisphere. In non-Olympic years the regatta is the highlight of the international rowing calendar.
Colin Alcide
Colin James Alcide (born 14 April 1972) is an English former professional footballer.

He was a striker from 1991 until 2004 and made more than 200 appearances in the Football League playing for Lincoln City, Hull City, York City, Cambridge United and Exeter City. Alcide played non-League football for Emley, Altrincham, Gainsborough Trinity and Ashton United with a spell in Wales with TNS.

Gainsborough Trinity F.C.
Gainsborough Trinity Football Club is a football club based in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England. Established in 1873, the club became members of the Football League in 1893 and remained members of the Second Division until 1912, making Gainsborough one of the smallest towns in England to have had a Football League team. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at the Northolme.
Kh-31
The Kh-31 (Russian: Х-31; AS-17 'Krypton') is a Soviet and Russian air-to-surface missile carried by aircraft such as the MiG-29, Su-35 and the Su-57. It is capable of Mach 3.5 and was the first supersonic anti-ship missile that could be launched by tactical aircraft.

There are several variants; the Kh-31 is best known as an anti-radiation missile (ARM) but there are also anti-ship and target drone versions. There has been talk of adapting it to make an "AWACS killer", a long-range air-to-air missile.

Kha (Cyrillic)
Kha, Khe, Xe or Ha (Х х; italics: Х х or Х х; italics: Х х) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It looks the same as the Latin letter X (X x X x), in both uppercase and lowercase, both roman and italic forms, and was derived from the Greek letter Chi, which also bears a resemblance to both the Latin X and Kha itself.

It commonly represents the voiceless velar fricative /x/, similar to how some Scottish speakers pronounce the hard ⟨ch⟩ in “loch”, but has different pronunciations in different languages.

Kha is romanised as ⟨kh⟩ for Russian, Ukrainian, Mongolian, and Tajik, and as ⟨ch⟩ for Belarusian and Polish, while being romanised as ⟨h⟩ for Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Kazakh.
It is also romanised as ⟨j⟩ for Spanish.
Circular Quay railway station
Circular Quay railway station is a heritage-listed elevated railway station that is located on the City Circle line, serving the Circular Quay precinct of the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. It is served by Sydney Trains' T2 Leppington & Inner West Line, T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line and T8 Airport & South Line services.

It is adjacent to the Circular Quay ferry wharf complex, which serves as an interchange to Sydney Ferries. It is also adjacent to Circular Quay light rail station which is the terminus of the L2 Randwick Line and L3 Kingsford Line of Sydney's light rail network.

Light rail in Sydney
The Sydney light rail network (or Sydney Light Rail for the inner-city lines) is a light rail system serving the city of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The network has four passenger routes, the L1 Dulwich Hill, L2 Randwick, L3 Kingsford and L4 Westmead & Carlingford lines. It comprises 58 stops and a system length of approximately 36.7 km (22.8 mi), making it the second largest light rail network in Australia behind the tram system in Melbourne, Victoria.

The network is managed by Transport for NSW, with day-to-day operations contracted to Transdev. In the 2023–24 financial year, 40.59 million passenger journeys were made on the network, equating to over 110,000 journeys per day.
Herman Hugg
Herman Elzo Hugg (January 19, 1921 – October 2, 2013) was an American artist, educator, and philosopher.

Hugg was primarily a painter, whose works often included surrealist, expressionist, and spiritual elements.  He also created sculptures in stone and wood, and large-scale works of enamel on recycled metal.

He was a longtime-resident of Beaumont, Texas, where he was a teacher at South Park High School and a member of the Beaumont Art League.

Beaumont Art League
The Beaumont Art League (BAL) is the oldest non-profit art organization in the Beaumont, Texas, USA, area. The BAL hosts art exhibitions, juried shows, and arts education for adults and children. It also maintains a permanent collection of art and art objects, primarily by local artists.
Henry Ginsberg
Henry Ginsberg (April 29, 1897 – June 10, 1979) was an American film studio executive who was head of production at Paramount Studios in the late 1940s and early 1950s. He subsequently produced Giant (1956).

Born to a Jewish family, he arrived at Paramount in 1940 and replaced Buddy DeSylva as head of production in 1944. He resigned in 1950, after leading the studio during a particularly successful period.

Ginsberg died in Palm Beach, Florida on June 10, 1979, at the age of 82.

Buddy DeSylva
George Gard "Buddy" DeSylva (January 27, 1895 – July 11, 1950) was an American songwriter, film producer and record executive. He wrote or co-wrote many popular songs, and, along with Johnny Mercer and Glenn Wallichs, he co-founded Capitol Records.
Isle of Man Newspapers
Isle of Man Newspapers publishes the Isle of Man's newspapers.
They are the Isle of Man Examiner, the Isle of Man Courier and the Manx Independent. They are all weekly newspapers. Its website is www.iomtoday.co.im, as well as owning GEF.im.

The company was formerly called the Isle of Man Courier Group until its name was changed in 1992. It was owned by the Halifax Courier group until that was bought out by Johnston Press in 1994. It has been based at Publishing House, Peel Road, Douglas and was purchased by Tindle Newspapers in 2016 for 4.1M.

In 2022 the company left Peel Road, moving in to 18, Finch Road, Douglas.

Johnston Press
Johnston Press plc was a multimedia company founded in Falkirk, Scotland, in 1767. Its flagship titles included UK-national newspaper the i, The Scotsman, the Yorkshire Post, the Falkirk Herald, and Belfast's The News Letter. The company was operating around 200 newspapers and associated websites around the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man when it went into administration and was then purchased by JPIMedia in 2018.

The Falkirk Herald was the company's first acquisition in 1846. Johnston Press's assets were transferred to JPIMedia in 2018, who continued to publish its titles.

Johnston Press announced it would place itself in administration on 16 November 2018 after it was unable to find a suitable buyer of the business to refinance £220m of debt. It was delisted from the London Stock Exchange on 19 November 2018. Johnston Press and its assets were brought under the control of JPIMedia on 17 November 2018 after a pre-packaged deal was agreed with creditors.
Dundon
Dundon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Dundon (born 1934), American bobsledder

Ed Dundon (1859–1893), American baseball player

Gus Dundon (1874–1940), American baseball player

Kevin Dundon, Irish chef

Michael Dundon (1854–1936), Maltese politician

Thomas Dundon (born 1972), American businessman

Ed Dundon
Edward Joseph "Dummy" Dundon (July 10, 1859 – August 18, 1893) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played for the Columbus Buckeyes for two seasons and was the first deaf player in Major League Baseball history.
Barry Katz
Barry Katz is an American television producer, film producer and talent manager. He was the owner and founder of the Boston Comedy Club in New York City and helped launch the careers of many successful comedians, including Bill Burr, Dane Cook, Louis C.K., Kevin Brennan, Bert Kreischer, Wanda Sykes, Dave Chappelle, Whitney Cummings, as well as Saturday Night Live alumni Jay Mohr, Jim Breuer, Darrell Hammond and Tracy Morgan.

Katz was an executive producer of the Emmy-nominated talent competition series Last Comic Standing. He also produced Mohr's Grammy-nominated comedy album, Happy. And A Lot.

Whitney Cummings
Whitney Cummings (born September 4, 1982) is an American actress, comedian, writer, producer, director, and podcaster.

After graduating from the University of Pennsylvania in 2004, Cummings moved to Los Angeles. She appeared in the low-budget thriller EMR and MTV's Punk'd. She has also performed stand-up comedy, being named one of "10 Comics to Watch" by Variety in 2007 and participating in Comedy Central Roasts of celebrities.

Cummings co-created the sitcom 2 Broke Girls and starred in and produced the sitcom Whitney. She also directed the comedy film The Female Brain (2017).
Southwestern Bell Building
The Southwestern Bell Building is a 28-story, 121.0 m (397.0 ft) skyscraper constructed to be the headquarters of Southwestern Bell Telephone in downtown St. Louis, Missouri. At the time of its construction it was Missouri's tallest building.

The building, which was one of the first in St. Louis to use setbacks, has 17 individual roofs.

Its architect was Mauran, Russell & Crowell, who also designed the Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis and the Railway Exchange Building (St. Louis). I.R. Timlin, Southwestern Bell's company architect, was associate architect on the project.

Setback (architecture)
A setback or step-back is a step-like form of a wall or other building frontage, also termed a recession or recessed story. Step-backs lower the building's center of mass, making it more stable. A setback as a minimum one-bay indent across all stories is called a recessed bay or recess and is the more common exterior form of an alcove.

Upper stories forming a step-back may form a belvedere – and in residential use are considered the penthouse. If part of the roof, then they are a loft or attic/garret.
Tree-kangaroo
Tree-kangaroos are marsupials of the genus Dendrolagus, adapted for arboreal locomotion. They inhabit the tropical rainforests of New Guinea and far northeastern  Queensland, Australia along with some of the islands in the region. Most species of tree-kangaroo are considered threatened due to hunting and habitat destruction. They are the only true arboreal macropods.

Threatened species
A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of critical depensation, a mathematical measure of biomass related to population growth rate. This quantitative metric is one method of evaluating the degree of endangerment without direct reference to human activity.
Mohammad Jalil Khan
Mohd Jalil Khan (1 October 1959 – 14 June 2018) was an Indian politician. As a member of the member of the Bahujan Samaj Party, he was elected in 2007 to the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Gonda Assembly constituency.

Khan died on 14 June 2018.

2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2007 Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly election was held during April–May 2007. It was held to elect a government for the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. The Votes were counted and results were declared in 11 May 2007.
Myrmidon of Athens
Myrmidon (Greek: Mυρμιδών; lived 4th century BC) was an Athenian who commanded a force of ten thousand mercenaries, which formed part of the reinforcements sent by Ptolemy, under the overall command of his brother Menelaus, to effect the reduction of Cyprus, in 315 BC. He was afterwards dispatched to the assistance of Asander in Caria, against the generals of Antigonus Monophthalmus.
Evidently Myrmidon failed in Caria for Asander was reduced to sore straits by Antigonus's general Ptolemy (general).

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
Tseng Lung-hui
Tseng Lung-hui is a Taiwanese paralympic archer. He won the bronze medal at the Men's individual recurve - W1/W2 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, he went on to break the Paralympic record during the ranking round at the same event.

Archery at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual recurve
The Men's individual recurve archery discipline at the 2012 Summer Paralympics was contested in two classifications, one combined of W1/W2 wheelchair competitors and one for standing archers. The competitions ran from August 30 to September 3.

In the ranking rounds each archer shot 72 arrows. In the knock-out stages each archer shot three arrows per set, scoring two points for a won set and one for a draw. Matches were won by the first archer to six points.
Adam Tarło
Adam Tarło (1713–1744) was a Polish nobleman (szlachcic).

He was voivode of Lublin Voivodeship since 1736 and starost of Jasło He was a cousin of Queen Marie Leszczyńska of France, wife of Louis XV.

During the War of Polish Succession (1734–1738) he supported Stanisław I Leszczyński and was commander of partisans of the short-lived Dzików Confederation.  He was killed by Count Kazimierz Poniatowski in a duel in 1744.

Kazimierz Poniatowski
Prince Kazimierz Poniatowski (15 September 1721 – 13 April 1800) was a Polish nobleperson, podkomorzy wielki koronny (1742–1773), Lieutenant general of the Royal Polish forces, generał wojsk koronnych. Knight of the Order of the White Eagle, awarded on 3 August 1744 in Warsaw.
Barbed Wire Sunday
Barbed Wire Sunday (German: Stacheldrahtsonntag), is the name given to 13 August 1961, when the military and police of East Germany closed the border between East and West Berlin and began the construction of what would become the Berlin Wall. The intention of closing the border was to prevent the migration of East Germans to the West.

Prior to the establishment of the wall, approximately 3.5 million (or 20% of the population) East German citizens defected to West Germany, many through the Berlin border due to its lack of security. This posed a major issue to the government as it was losing its substantial amounts of not just its workforce but also its intellectuals.

Defection
In politics, a defector is a person who gives up allegiance to one state in exchange for allegiance to another, changing sides in a way which is considered illegitimate by the first state. More broadly, defection involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie, as of allegiance or duty.

This term is also applied, often pejoratively, to anyone who switches loyalty to another religion, sports team, political party, or other rival faction. In that sense, the defector is often considered a traitor by their original side.