hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Sabin Butrick
Rev. Daniel Sabin Butrick (or Buttrick) (August 25, 1789 – June 8, 1851) was commissioned in 1817 as a minister of the Word of God, in the service of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM). His subsequent 25 years were marked with personal failure and relational conflict as he sought to realize his mission to the Cherokee Nation, although his recorded observations concerning the Cherokee removal crisis and Trail of Tears established a legacy. His decision to champion Christian salvation over political advocacy resulted in the creation of an invaluable resource on Indian culture.

Newberry Library
The Newberry Library is an independent research library specializing in the humanities, located in the Near North Side community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It has been free and open to the public since 1887.
Crerar Hotels
Crerar Hotel Group Ltd is a hotel chain and private limited company, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded as North British Trust Hotels Ltd in December 1902 and changed its name to Crerar Hotel Group in January 2012.

Inveraray
Inveraray (/ˌɪnvəˈrɛəri/ or /ˌɪnvəˈrɛərə/; Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Aora pronounced [iɲɪɾʲˈɯːɾə] meaning "mouth of the Aray") is a town in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Located on the western shore of Loch Fyne, near its head, Inveraray is a former royal burgh and known affectionately as "The Capital of Argyll." It is the traditional county town of Argyll, and the ancestral seat to the Duke of Argyll.
John Hamer
John Hamer is the name of:

John Hamer (figure skater) (born 1982), English figure skater

John Hamer (footballer) (born 1944), English footballer

John C. Hamer (born 1970), American-Canadian historian and mapmaker

John C. Hamer
John C. Hamer (born 1970) is an American-Canadian historian, mapmaker, and minister. His research has focused primarily on the history of the Latter Day Saint movement, authoring several books on the topic. Hamer is a leading expert on various schisms within especially non-far-Western (U.S.) portions of the Latter Day Saint "Restoration" movement. Raised in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), Hamer left the religion before joining Community of Christ in 2010. He serves as Pastor of its Toronto Congregation.

Hamer was a contributor to By Common Consent, the Restoration Studies Coordinator at Sunstone Education Foundation, and the Executive Director of the John Whitmer Historical Association.
Bowker Overpass
Philip G. Bowker Overpass, named for a state senator, is a steel beam bridge with a suspended deck carrying The Charlesgate over Commonwealth Avenue, Beacon Street, and Interstate 90. It connects Boylston Street to Storrow Drive. It runs parallel to the Muddy River. In 2011, there was talk about tearing down the bridge and widening local streets as some consider the bridge to be an eyesore, as well as the fact that it bisects a portion of the Emerald Necklace.

Emerald Necklace
The Emerald Necklace consists of a 1,100-acre (4.5 km2; 450 ha) chain of parks linked by parkways and waterways in Boston and Brookline, Massachusetts. It was designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, and gets its name from the way the planned chain appears to hang from the "neck" of the Boston peninsula.  In 1989, the Emerald Necklace was designated as a Boston Landmark by the Boston Landmarks Commission.
Gompers
Gompers is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bill Gompers (1928–2019), American football player

Louis Gompers (1902–1981), Dutch diver

Paul A. Gompers (born 1964), American economist and professor

Samuel Gompers (1850–1924), American labor union leader of the American Federation of Labor

Paul A. Gompers
Paul A. Gompers is an American economist and former long-distance runner. He is the Eugene Holman Professor of Business Administration at the Harvard Business School. He is the co-author of three books.
David Bianchi
David Bianchi is an American-Brazilian actor, producer, and screenwriter.

With over 120 professional film and television credits as an actor, he can be seen in major films and indies like Birds of Prey, Priest, and Filly Brown as well as numerous TV appearances on shows like HBO's Westworld, Unsolved, Animal Kingdom, S.W.A.T., The Last Ship, Southland, SEAL Team, and Resident Alien. He is the creator, co-writer, and executive producer of the Emmy-nominated streaming series RZR, which debuted in 2024.

Unsolved (American TV series)
Unsolved (also titled Unsolved: The Murders of Tupac and the Notorious B.I.G.) is an American true crime anthology television miniseries, based on the 1996 murder of Tupac Shakur and the 1997 murder of The Notorious B.I.G. (aka Biggie Smalls). It premiered February 27, 2018 on USA Network. The 10-episode miniseries chronicles the dual police investigations of Detective Greg Kading (Josh Duhamel) and Detective Russell Poole (Jimmi Simpson) into the controversial murders of two of the rap industry's most legendary players, Tupac (Marcc Rose) and Biggie (Wavyy Jonez).
Tetronic acid
Tetronic acid is a chemical compound, classified as a γ-lactone, with the molecular formula C4H4O3.

It interconverts between keto and enol tautomers:

Many natural products such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C), penicillic acid, pulvinic acids, and abyssomicins possess the β-keto-γ-butyrolactone motif of tetronic acid.

In organic synthesis, it is used as a precursor for other substituted and ring-fused furans and butenolides.  It is also forms the structural core of a class of pesticides, known as tetronic acid insecticides, which includes spirodiclofen and spiromesifen.

Organic synthesis
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds. Organic compounds  are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Within the general subject of organic synthesis, there are many different types of synthetic routes that can be completed including total synthesis, stereoselective synthesis, automated synthesis, and many more. Additionally, in understanding organic synthesis it is necessary to be familiar with the methodology, techniques, and applications of the subject.
Keuchishkeni, California
Keuchishkeni is a former Modoc settlement described by the GNIS to be in Modoc County, California. Its precise location is unknown, though in 1907 it was described as a camping place on Hot Creek, near Little Klamath Lake.  
Note that Little Klamath Lake is a variant name of Lower Klamath Lake, which is in Siskiyou County, not Modoc County.

Modoc people
The Modoc are an Indigenous American people who historically lived in the area which is now northeastern California and central Southern Oregon. Currently, they include two federally recognized tribes, the Klamath Tribes in Oregon and the Modoc Tribe of Oklahoma, now known as the Modoc Nation.
Phillimore Island
Phillimore Island is an elongated island in the River Thames in the county of Berkshire, England, near the villages of Shiplake, Oxfordshire and Wargrave, Berkshire. It is on the reach above Shiplake Lock.

The island is named after the Phillimore family who were formerly the owners of Shiplake House, now Shiplake College, on the Oxfordshire bank.

Phillimore Island is quite centrally located in the River Thames.

Shiplake College
Shiplake College is a private boarding and day school in Shiplake, by the River Thames, just outside Henley-on-Thames, England. The school, with 540 pupils, takes girls and boys from 11–18. Originally boys-only, a co-educational Sixth Form was formed in 1998 and in 2023 girls started joining in Year 7, as the school became fully co-educational.
Kfar Szold
Kfar Szold (Hebrew: כפר סאלד, lit. 'Szold Village') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Hula Valley in the Galilee Panhandle, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 731.

Galilee Panhandle
The Galilee Panhandle (Hebrew: אצבע הגליל, Etzba HaGalil (lit. "Finger of the Galilee"), is an elongated geopolitical area or "panhandle" in northern Israel comprising the northernmost section of the Upper Galilee, and the northern Jordan Rift Valley. The Galilee Panhandle incorporates five municipal authorities. Towns in the Galilee Panhandle include Metula and Kiryat Shmona.

The ancient site of Tel Dan is located in the Galilean panhandle.
Chicken Historic District
The Chicken Historic District encompasses part of the historic mining district of Chicken in the US state of Alaska. The roughly 3 acres (1.2 ha) area along the Taylor Highway preserves about 15 wood-frame and log buildings erected between 1908 and 1967 during the town’s gold-mining peak. It includes bunkhouses, roadhouses, and sections of the historic pipeline that carried water from Mosquito Creek for mining operations. The "Pedro Dredge", originally built in 1938, transferred to Chicken in 1959, and used until 1967, was moved to its current site in 1998. In 2006, it gained individual listing on the National Register of Historic Places and now forms the centerpiece of Chicken Gold Camp, drawing heritage tourism.

Roadhouse (premises)
A roadhouse, or road house, is a small mixed-use premises, typically built on or near a major road in a sparsely populated area or an isolated desert region, that serves passing travellers, providing food, drinks, accommodation, fuel, and parking spaces to the guests and their vehicles. The premises generally consist of just a single building.

The word's meaning varies somewhat by country. The historical equivalent was often known as a coaching inn, providing food, drinks, and rest to people and horses.
Pravachakan
Pravachakan is a 1993 Indian Malayalam movie directed by P. G. Viswambharan. The film has notable actors, like Mukesh, Siddique, Shenbaga, Keerikkadan Jose, Mamukkoya, Narendra Prasad, and Rajan P. Dev. It received mixed reviews from critics and audiences. It was a hit at the box office.

Rajan P. Dev
Rajan P. Dev (20 May 1951 – 29 July 2009) was an Indian film and stage actor. He was born in Cherthala in the Alappuzha district of the former state Thiru-Kochi (present day Kerala). He had acted in over 500 films in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada languages. He was noted for his villain roles laced with a touch of humour. He came into the limelight for his characterisation of Kochuvava in the play Kattukuthira. Rajan P. Dev died in Kochi Wednesday 29 July 2009 due to a liver disease.
Love Island (2015 TV series) series 1
The first series of Love Island began on 7 June 2015 with a live special of the show hosted by Caroline Flack on ITV2, and ended on 15 July 2015. It is the first from the revived series, but third overall. The series was narrated by Iain Stirling. The series aired every night of the week except Friday, however the Saturday episode was used as a weekly catch-up entitled Love Island: The Weekly Hot List rather than a nightly highlights episode. The average viewers for this series was 570,000.

On 15 July 2015, the series was won by Jess Hayes and Max Morley, with Hannah Elizabeth and Jon Clark as runners-up.

Clark later went onto appear as a cast member in The Only Way Is Essex, whilst both Morley and Josh Ritchie made appearances in Ex on the Beach. After finishing in fourth place, Cally Beech and Luis Morrison became the first couple to have a baby, with their first child in May 2017.

Iain Stirling
Iain Andrew Stirling (born 27 January 1988) is a Scottish comedian, writer, television presenter, narrator and Twitch streamer from Edinburgh, Scotland. He is best known for being the narrator of reality television series Love Island and Love Island USA.
Nippon Professional Baseball Comeback Player of the Year Award
The Nippon Professional Baseball Comeback Player of the Year Award is given to one player in each league of Central League and Pacific League.

It is given to a player who makes a major comeback from an illness, injury, or a long-term slump. The Pacific and Central leagues have different criteria for the award, with the Pacific League having a much stricter criteria.The award is also not an annual award and is only given on occasion if a player meets the criteria specified by each league.

Yūdai Ōno won the award in 2025, the first Central League player to win the award since Daisuke Matsuzaka in 2018. The most recent Pacific League to win the Comeback Player of the Year was Osaka Kintetsu Buffaloes player Koki Morita in 2001.

Pacific League
The Pacific League (パシフィック・リーグ, Pashifikku Rīgu), or Pa League (パ・リーグ, Pa Rīgu), or the Persol Pacific League (パーソルパシフィック・リーグ, Pāsoruhōrudingusu Pa rīgu), due to sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues constituting Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship competes against the winner in the Central League for the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around Japan.
Japanese script reform
The Japanese script reform is the attempt to correlate standard spoken Japanese with the written word, which began during the Meiji period. This issue is known in Japan as the kokugo kokuji mondai (国語国字問題, national language and script problem). The reforms led to the development of the modern Japanese written language, and explain the arguments for official policies used to determine the usage and teaching of kanji rarely used in Japan.

Maejima Hisoka
Baron Maejima Hisoka (前島 密; 24 January 1835 – 27 April 1919), born Ueno Fusagorō (上野 房五郎), was a Japanese statesman, politician, and businessman in Meiji-period Japan. Maejima founded the Japanese postal service, and is known as Yūbin Seido no Chichi (郵便制度の父), or "Father of the Postal System".
Carbacanthographis multiseptata
Carbacanthographis multiseptata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Venezuela, it was formally described as a new species in 2022 by Shirley Cunha Feuerstein and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected in the Amazon rainforest near the Surumomi River (Alto Orinoco, Amazonas) at an altitude of 120 m (390 ft). It is only known to occur at the type locality.

The lichen has a whitish to pale beige thallus lacking both a cortex and a prothallus. It has hyaline ascospores that measure 170–200 by 12–16 μm; these spores have between 29 and 35 transverse septa. The specific epithet multiseptata refers to this characteristic feature. Carbacanthographis multiseptata contains protocetraric acid, a lichen product that can be detected using thin-layer chromatography.

Lichen product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 1000 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compounds are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing.
Allan Pyatt
William Allan Pyatt, CBE (known as Allan; also spelled Alan or Allen; 4 November 1916 – 24 November 1991), was Bishop of Christchurch in the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia from 1966 to 1983.

He was born on 4 November 1916 and educated at Christchurch Technical College and the University of Auckland.  He served with the Second New Zealand Expeditionary Force throughout the Second World War and was ordained in 1946. After a curacy at St Luke's Church, Cannock he had incumbencies in Brooklyn, Hāwera then Wellington. From 1962 until his ordination to the episcopate in 1966 he was Dean of ChristChurch Cathedral.

Pyatt retired in November 1983. In the 1985 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. He died on 24 November 1991.

Hāwera
Hāwera is the second-largest centre in the Taranaki region of New Zealand's North Island, with a population of 10,700. It is near the coast of the South Taranaki Bight. The origins of the town lie in a government military base that was established in 1866, and the town of Hāwera grew up around a blockhouse in the early 1870s.

Hāwera is 75 kilometres south of New Plymouth on State Highway 3 and 30 minutes' drive from Mount Taranaki. It is located on State Highway 45, known as Surf Highway 45 for its numerous surf beaches. State Highway 45 passes through Manaia, Ōpunake and Oakura en route to New Plymouth. Kaponga is a 20-minute drive to the north-west. The Marton–New Plymouth Line railway passes through Hāwera and has served the town since 1 August 1881, though it has been freight-only since the cancellation of the last railcar passenger service between Wellington and New Plymouth on 30 July 1977.
1923 Loyola Wolf Pack football team
The 1923 Loyola Wolf Pack football team was an American football team that represented Loyola College of New Orleans (now known as Loyola University New Orleans) as an independent during the 1923 college football season. In its third and final season under head coach William Flynn, the team compiled a 5–1–1 record and outscored opponents by a total of 104 to 41.

1923 college football season
The 1923 college football season saw several teams finish their seasons unbeaten and untied. As such, numerous schools claim a national championship for the 1923 season. Illinois (coached by Bob Zuppke) and Michigan (coached by Fielding "Hurry-Up" Yost), both members of what is now the Big Ten Conference, finished with records of 8–0 and were selected as national champion by multiple selectors. Illinois featured break-out star Red Grange. Ivy League teams Yale and Cornell also had undefeated seasons. Cornell was selected as national champion by one selector.

Southern Methodist University (SMU) had a record of 9–0, thanks to coach Ray Morrison bringing the forward pass to the southwest.  Teams that had no defeats, but had been tied, were California (9–0–1), Texas (8–0–1), and Kansas (5–0–3).

In the 1924 Rose Bowl, Washington tied Navy 14–14.
Nikos Androulakis
Nikos Androulakis (Greek: Νίκος Ανδρουλάκης; born 7 February 1979) is a Greek politician who has served as president of the PASOK – Movement for Change since 2021. He served also as Member of the European Parliament from 2014 to 2023.

He was elected as member of the Hellenic Parliament after the May 2023 Greek legislative election serving the constituency of Thessaloniki A.

Hellenic Parliament
37°58′31″N 23°44′13″E﻿ / ﻿37.97528°N 23.73694°E﻿ / 37.97528; 23.73694

The Parliament of the Hellenes (Greek: Βουλή των Ελλήνων, romanized: Voulí ton Ellínon), commonly known as the Hellenic Parliament (Greek: Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, romanized: Ellinikó Koinovoúlio), is the unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs).

It is a unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. From 1844–1863 and from 1927–1935, the parliament was bicameral with an upper house (the Senate; Greek: Γερουσία, romanized: Gerousía) and a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies; Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων, Voulí ton Antiprosópon). Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament.
Sir Thomas Clarges, 3rd Baronet
Sir Thomas Clarges, 3rd Baronet (1751–1782) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1780 to 1782.

Clarges was the son  of Thomas Clarges of Aston, Hertfordshire and his wife Anne Shute of John Shute, 1st Viscount Barrington and was born on 4 October 1751. He succeeded his grandfather Sir Thomas Clarges, 2nd Baronet in the baronetcy on 19 February 1759. He was educated Eton College in 1765 and matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in 1770.  He married Louisa Skrine, daughter of William Skrine on 20 October 1777.

Clarges was elected Member of Parliament  for Lincoln at the 1780 general election and held the seat until his death on 23 December 1782.

House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".
Angelika Neuner
Angelika Neuner (born 23 December 1969) is an Austrian luger who competed from 1987 to 2002. Competing in four Winter Olympics, she won two medals in the women's singles event with a silver in 1992 and a bronze in 1998. Her younger sister, Doris, won the gold medal in the same event at Albertville in 1992.

Neuner also won six medals at the FIL World Luge Championships, including two gold (Mixed team: 1996, 1997), one silver (Mixed team: 1993), and three bronzes (Women's singles: 1997, Mixed team: 1995, 2000).

She won five medals at the FIL European Luge Championships, earning them in 1992 (silver: Mixed team), 1996 (silver: Mixed team, bronze: Women's singles), 1998 (bronze: Mixed team) and 2002 (bronze: Mixed team).

Neuner's best finish in the overall Luge World Cup was second in 1996–7.

She carried the Austrian flag during the opening ceremonies of the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.

FIL European Luge Championships
The FIL European Luge Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL) have taken place since 1914. From 1914 to 1934, these championships were part of the Internationaler Schlittensportsverband (ISSV - International Sled Sport Federation in (in German)). From 1935 to 1956, the championships were held under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (FIBT - International Bobsleigh and Tobagganing Federation in (in French)). Since 1962, the event has been under the auspices of the FIL and has been held in even-numbered years since 1980. Since 2012, it is held annually within a preselected World Cup stages in the so-called race-in-race mode. The results of non-European athletes at these World Cup stages are not counted for European Championships standings.

For information on natural track luge championships in Europe, please see FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships, which have been contested since 1970.
Osek (Písek District)
Osek (German: Wosek) is a municipality and village in Písek District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

Osek lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Písek, 54 km (34 mi) north of České Budějovice, and 72 km (45 mi) south of Prague.

Písek
Písek (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpiːsɛk] ⓘ; German: Pisek) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 31,000 inhabitants. The town is located on the Otava River and is known for the oldest bridge in the country. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Písek is a centre of education with a number of important schools. Up to the last decades of 19th century, Písek was the centre of the large autonomous Prácheňsko region.