hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Callophrys johnsoni
Callophrys johnsoni, the Johnson's hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in North America from British Columbia south to central California. The habitat consists of coniferous forests.

The wingspan is 25–30 mm. Adults are on wing from May to July in one generation per year.

The larvae are specialists that feed exclusively on dwarf mistletoes, including Arceuthobium campylopodum and A. tsugense.

Generalist and specialist species
A generalist species is able to thrive in a wide variety of environmental conditions and can make use of a variety of different resources (for example, a heterotroph with a varied diet). A specialist species can thrive only in a narrow range of environmental conditions or has a limited diet. Most organisms do not all fit neatly into either group, however. Some species are highly specialized (the most extreme case being monophagous, eating one specific type of food), others less so, and some can tolerate many different environments. In other words, there is a continuum from highly specialized to broadly generalist species.
2012 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 2012 U.S. Figure Skating Championships was a figure skating national championship during the 2011–12 season. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing on the senior, junior, and novice levels. The competition was part of the selection process for several international events, including the 2012 World Championships.

The event was held at the HP Pavilion in San Jose, California on January 22–29, 2012.

SAP Center
SAP Center at San Jose (originally known as San Jose Arena) is an indoor arena located in San Jose, California. Its primary tenant is the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League, for which the arena has earned the nickname The Shark Tank.
Bolshearslangulovo
Bolshearslangulovo (Russian: Большеарслангулово; Bashkir: Оло Арыҫланғол, Olo Arıślanğol) is a rural locality (a selo) in Abishevsky Selsoviet, Khaybullinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 136 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Khaybullinsky District
Khaybullinsky District (Russian: Хайбулли́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Хәйбулла районы, Xäybulla rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic and borders with Zilairsky and Baymaksky Districts in the north, Orenburg Oblast in the east and south, and with Zianchurinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,912 square kilometers (1,510 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Akyar. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 33,398, with the population of Akyar accounting for 20.8% of that number.
52266 Van Flandern
52266 Van Flandern (provisional designation 1986 AD) is a stony Phocaea asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 4 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 10 January 1986, by American astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid was later named for American astronomer Tom Van Flandern.

Palomar Observatory
The Palomar Observatory is an astronomical research observatory in the Palomar Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Research time at the observatory is granted to Caltech and its research partners, which include the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Yale University, and the National Astronomical Observatories of China.

The observatory operates several telescopes, including the 200-inch (5.1 m) Hale Telescope, the 48-inch (1.2 m) Samuel Oschin telescope (dedicated to the Zwicky Transient Facility, ZTF), the Palomar 60-inch (1.5 m) Telescope, and the 30-centimetre (12-inch) Gattini-IR telescope. Decommissioned instruments include the Palomar Testbed Interferometer and the first telescopes at the observatory, an 18-inch (46 cm) Schmidt camera from 1936.
History of suits
A man's suit of clothes, in the sense of a lounge, office, business, dinner or dress suit, is a set of garments which are crafted from the same cloth. This article discusses the history of the lounge suit, often called a business suit when featuring dark colors and a conservative cut.

Nehru jacket
The Nehru jacket is a hip-length tailored coat for men or women, with a mandarin collar, and with its front modelled on the longer Indian achkan or sherwani frequently worn by Jawaharlal Nehru, the prime minister of India from 1947 to 1964.
Toft Monks
Toft Monks is a village and civil parish in Norfolk, England. It is on the border of Norfolk and Suffolk, about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Beccles and 11 miles (18 km) south-west of Great Yarmouth. It includes the hamlets of Bull's Green and Maypole Green.

In 2001, the parish is recorded as accommodating 324 people in 131 households over 687 hectares, increasing to 348 at the 2011 Census.

The local church in the village is dedicated to St. Margaret and was originally constructed in the 13th century.

Toft Monks House is a Grade II listed Regency house built for local merchant William Grimmer in 1819.

Household
A household consists of one or more persons who live in the same dwelling. It may be of a single family or another type of person group. The household is the basic unit of analysis in many social, microeconomic and government models, and is important to economics and inheritance.

Household models include families, blended families, shared housing, group homes, boarding houses, houses of multiple occupancy (UK), and single room occupancy (US). In feudal societies, the royal household and medieval households of the wealthy included servants and other retainers.
Federal Correctional Institution, Sheridan
The Federal Correctional Institution, Sheridan (FCI Sheridan) is a medium-security United States federal prison for male inmates in Oregon. Opened in 1989, it is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, a division of the United States Department of Justice. The facility also includes a detention center housing male offenders and an adjacent minimum-security satellite prison camp also for male offenders. FCI Sheridan is located in Sheridan, Yamhill County, northwestern Oregon.

Yamhill County, Oregon
Yamhill County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 107,722. The county seat is McMinnville. Yamhill County was named after the Yamhelas, members of the Kalapuya Tribe.

Yamhill County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Marcia Ranglin-Vassell
Marcia Ranglin-Vassell (born 1960) is an American educator and politician who served as a member of the Rhode Island House of Representatives representing the 5th District from 2017 to 2023. A Democrat, she is a candidate for an August 5, 2025, special election for the 4th district of the Rhode Island State Senate, which became vacant following president Dominick J. Ruggerio's death.

Rhode Island House of Representatives
41°49′52″N 71°25′02″W﻿ / ﻿41.8310574°N 71.4171443°W﻿ / 41.8310574; -71.4171443

The Rhode Island House of Representatives is the lower house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the upper house being the Rhode Island Senate. It is composed of 75 members, elected to two-year terms from 75 districts of equal population. The Rhode Island General Assembly does not have term limits. The House meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.
Marc Gabolde
Marc Gabolde (born 30 May 1957 in Nantes) is a French Egyptologist, specialist of the Eighteenth Dynasty and the Amarna period.

After obtaining a Ph.D. in Egyptology at the University Lumière Lyon 2 in 1992, he joined Scientific IFAO (1993-1997). Since 1999 he has been a lecturer at the Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III. He has conducted archaeological missions in the Valley of the Queens, Karnak, Balat, Tebtunis and Amarna. Gabolde is the author of D'Akhénaton à Toutânkhamon (2000).

Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVIII, alternatively 18th Dynasty or Dynasty 18) is classified as the first dynasty of the New Kingdom of Egypt, the era in which ancient Egypt achieved the peak of its power. The Eighteenth Dynasty spanned the period from 1550/1549 to 1292 BC. This dynasty is also known as the Thutmoside Dynasty: 156  for the four pharaohs named Thutmose.

Several of Egypt's most famous pharaohs were from the Eighteenth Dynasty, including Tutankhamun (c. 1341 BC – c. 1323 BC). Other famous pharaohs of the dynasty include Hatshepsut (c. 1479 BC–1458 BC), the longest-reigning woman pharaoh of an indigenous dynasty, and Akhenaten (c. 1353–1336 BC), the "heretic pharaoh", with his Great Royal Wife, Nefertiti.

The Eighteenth Dynasty is unique among indigenous Egyptian dynasties in that it had two queens regnant women who ruled as pharaohs: Hatshepsut and Neferneferuaten, usually identified as Nefertiti.
Extended supersymmetry
In theoretical physics, extended supersymmetry is supersymmetry whose infinitesimal generators  carry not only a spinor index , but also an additional index  where  is integer (such as 2 or 4).

Extended supersymmetry is also called ,  supersymmetry, for example. Extended supersymmetry is very important for analysis of mathematical properties of quantum field theory and superstring theory.  The more extended supersymmetry is, the more it constrains physical observables and parameters.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Community indicators
Community indicators are "measurements that provide information about past and current trends and assist planners and community leaders in making decisions that affect future outcomes". They provide insight into the overall direction of a community: whether it is improving, declining, or staying the same, or is some mix of all three.

In essence, indicators are measurements that reflect the interplay between social, environmental, and economic factors affecting a region’s or community’s well-being. Community indicators projects typically are conducted by non-profit organizations within a community, although in some cases they are initiated by the public sector.

Paul James (academic)
Paul James (born May 8, 1958) is a Professor Emeritus of Globalization and Cultural Diversity at Western Sydney University, and the former Director of the Institute for Culture and Society where he worked since 2014. He is a writer on global politics, globalization, sustainability, and social theory.
Export control
Export control is legislation that regulates the export of goods, software and technology. Some items could potentially be useful for purposes that are contrary to the interest of the exporting country. These items are considered to be controlled. The export of controlled item is  regulated to restrict the harmful use of those items. Many governments implement export controls. Typically, legislation lists and classifies the controlled items, classifies the destinations, and requires exporters to apply for a licence to a local government department.

Export
An export in international trade is a good produced in one country that is sold into another country or a service provided in one country for a national or resident of another country. The seller of such goods or the service provider is an exporter; the foreign buyer is an importer. Services that figure in international trade include financial, accounting and other professional services, tourism, education as well as intellectual property rights.

Exportation of goods often requires the involvement of customs authorities.
Oshikango
Oshikango is a former village in northern Namibia and since 2004 part of the town of Helao Nafidi, although it still maintained its own village council for a number of years. Oshikango is still the name of the border post with Angola and the electoral constituency for this suburb. It is estimated to have grown from "a tiny cluster of shebeens around an open market into a thriving boomtown with around 5,000 to 8,000 inhabitants over a period of 10 years".

Shebeen
A shebeen (Irish: síbín, "home-made whiskey") was originally an illicit bar or club where accessible alcoholic beverages were sold without a licence. The term has spread far from its origins in Ireland, and is particularly common in South Africa. It has also been used in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Zambia, Namibia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and the English-speaking Caribbean, including Jamaica. In modern South Africa, many shebeens are now fully legal.
Civic Theatre (Tallaght)
Dublin's Civic Theatre opened in March 1999, a project of South Dublin County Council and also grant aided by the Department of Arts, Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands. It is situated in Tallaght, Dublin as part of the town centre, close to The Square Shopping Centre. The theatre has two performance spaces, the main auditorium and the Loose End studio.

The smaller studio space is named the Loose End after the Civic’s location at the last stop of the Luas red line. The larger main auditorium can seat 282 people and the Loose End can seat up to 70 people.

There is a café, the Betelnut café, on site.

The Square Tallaght
The Square Tallaght is a shopping centre located in Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland, opened in 1990. It is located 10 minutes from junction 11 of the M50 motorway on the Belgard Road (the R113 road) and the N81 road.

The centre comprises 53,000 m2 of retail space, spread across three levels, and as of 2016 has up to 163 stores. It has an annual footfall of 21.7 million.

There are over 2500 car parking spaces. The anchor tenants are Dunnes Stores, Penneys and Tesco. When The Square opened it was the largest shopping centre in Ireland.
Susan Lee (rowing)
Susan Brosnan (nee Lee) is an Australian Olympic medal winning rower, a successful agricultural businesswoman and the spouse of the current Administrator of the Northern Territory David Connolly.

Lee was born 7 June 1966 and grew up[ in Castlemaine, Victoria. She became interested in rowing at school in Melbourne and was selected as coxswain for the Australian women's four at the 1984 Summer Olympics. This team successfully won a bronze medal at these Games, which was Australia's first Olympic medal in women's rowing.

She studied accounting at university and developed an interest in pastoral industries and moved first to rural Queensland before settling in the Northern Territory, where she has lived for the past 29 years. With her husband, Brosnan was appointed to oversee the planning and construction of the Northern Territory’s first commercial cotton gin. The facility was completed in 2023 and conducted its inaugural ginning season in 2024.

Castlemaine, Victoria
Castlemaine (/ˈkæsəlmeɪn/ KASS-əl-mayn, non-locally also /ˈkɑːs-/ KAHSS-) is a town in west central Victoria, Australia, in the Goldfields region about 123 kilometres (76 miles) northwest by road from Melbourne and about 39 kilometres (24 miles) from the major provincial centre of Bendigo. It is the administrative and economic centre of the Shire of Mount Alexander. Castlemaine was named by the chief goldfield commissioner, Captain W. Wright, in honour of his Irish uncle, Viscount Castlemaine. At the 2021 census, Castlemaine had a population of 7,506.

Built on the lands of the Dja Dja Wurrung, Castlemaine began as a gold rush boomtown in 1851 and developed into a major regional centre, being officially proclaimed a City on 4 December 1965, although since declining in population.

It is home to many cultural institutions including the Theatre Royal, the oldest continuously operating theatre in mainland Australia.
Gil Alon
Gil Alon (Hebrew: גיל אלון; born 1960), is a Portuguese-Israeli Zen master, singer, actor, theater director and teacher. In 2000 Gil was certified as a Zen Master in Japan . A Laureate of the "World Peace Ambassador 2015" award from Save The World Foundation. He has a lifetime honor membership at the Asian Academy for Film & Television (AAFT) – New Delhi, India.

Charles J. Guiteau
Charles Julius Guiteau (/ɡɪˈtoʊ/ ghih-TOH; September 8, 1841 – June 30, 1882) was an American office seeker who assassinated 20th United States president James A. Garfield in 1881. A failed lawyer suffering from mental illness, Guiteau delusionally believed he had played a major role in Garfield's election victory, for which he should have been rewarded with a consulship. Guiteau felt frustrated and offended by the Garfield administration's rejections of his applications to serve in Vienna or Paris to such a degree that he shot Garfield in Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881. Garfield died on September 19 from infections related to the wounds. Caught immediately after shooting Garfield, Guiteau was tried, convicted, and publicly executed by hanging on June 30, 1882.
Lighting Up the Stars
Lighting Up the Stars (Chinese: 人生大事; pinyin: Rénshēng Dàshì; lit. 'Life Events') is a 2022 Chinese drama film written and directed by Liu Jiangjiang, starring Zhu Yilong and Yang Enyou. The film follows the story of a mortician released from prison who meets an orphan during a funeral, which unexpectedly changes his attitude towards career and life.

The film premiered in China on 24 June 2022. The total box office of the film is 1.712 billion yuan, ranking the 4th in China's 2022 box office list.

Douban
Douban.com (Chinese: 豆瓣; pinyin: Dòubàn), launched on 6 March 2005, is a Chinese online database and social networking service that allows registered users to record information and create content related to film, books, music, recent events, and activities in Chinese cities. Douban is named after a hutong in Chaoyang District, Beijing where the founder lived while he began work on the website.

Douban was formerly open to both registered and unregistered users. For registered users, the website recommends potentially interesting books, movies, and music to them in addition to serving as a social network website such as WeChat, Weibo and record keeper. For unregistered users, the website is a place to find ratings and reviews of media.

Douban has about 200 million registered users as of 2013 and some Chinese authors as well as critics register their official personal pages on the site. The platform has been compared to other review sites such as IMDb, Rotten Tomatoes and Goodreads.
Antoaneta Kostadinova
Antoaneta Kostadinova, née Boneva (Bulgarian: Антоанета Костадинова (Бонева); born 17 January 1986) is a Bulgarian sport shooter. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, she competed in the Women's 10 metre air pistol and the women's 25 metre pistol. At the 2020 Summer Olympics, she won a silver medal in the Women's 10 metre air pistol. In December 2021, Kostadinova came third in the Bulgarian Sportsperson of the Year ranking, earning 995 points.

Shooting at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 25 metre pistol
The Women's 25 metre pistol event at the 2012 Olympic Games took place on 1 August 2012 at the Royal Artillery Barracks.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with a pistol at 25 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10. The first 30 shots were in the precision stage, with series of 5 shots being shot within 5 minutes. The second set of 30 shots gave shooters 3 seconds to take each shot.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 20 shots. These shots scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9. They were fired in four sets of 5 rapid fire shots. The total score from all 80 shots was used to determine final ranking.
The event was won by Kim Jang-Mi.
Labtec
Labtec Enterprises Inc. was an American manufacturer of computer accessories active as an independent company from 1980 to 2001. They were best known for their budget range of peripherals such as keyboards, mice, microphones, speakers and webcams. In the United States, the company had cornered the market for computer speakers and headphones for much of the 1990s before being acquired by Logitech in 2001.

Peripheral
A peripheral  device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device that a computer uses to transfer information externally. A peripheral is a hardware component that is accessible to and controlled by a computer but is not a core component of the computer. It can communicate with a computer through wired or wireless connections. Many modern electronic devices, such as Internet-enabled digital watches, video game consoles, smartphones, and tablet computers, have interfaces for use as a peripheral.

Mouses and keyboards became the standard for computer peripheral input devices in the 1970s, while memory storage devices continued to be developed in new ways. Output devices, such as monitors, began as cathode rays, before switching to LCD monitors in the 1980s.
Alpha-fetoprotein
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, α-fetoprotein; also sometimes called alpha-1-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoglobulin, or alpha fetal protein) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AFP gene. The AFP gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 4 (4q13.3). Maternal AFP serum level is used to screen for Down syndrome, neural tube defects, and other chromosomal abnormalities.

AFP is a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the fetal liver during fetal development. It is thought to be the fetal analog of serum albumin. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and is found in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms.

Monomer
A monomer (/ˈmɒnəmər/ MON-ə-mər; mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or two- or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.
Luis Vázquez Martínez
Luis Vázquez Martínez is a Spanish applied mathematician. He is a professor of applied mathematics in the faculty of informatics of the Complutense University of Madrid.

Vázquez was born on January 26, 1949, in Narayola, a town in the municipality of Camponaraya.
He earned a licenciate in physical sciences from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1971, and a doctorate in physical sciences from the University of Zaragoza in 1975, under the supervision of Antonio Fernández-Rañada Menéndez de Luarca. After working as a Visiting Research Associate at Brown University, he returned to the Complutense University as an assistant professor in 1977.

In 1995 the Shanghai University of Science and Technology gave him an honorary doctorate. Since 2005 has been a national corresponding member of the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences.

Camponaraya
Camponaraya (Spanish pronunciation: [kamponaˈɾaʝa]) (Campunaraya in Leonese language) is a village and municipality located in the region of El Bierzo (province of León, Castile and León, Spain) . According to the 2025 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 4,060 inhabitants.