hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Work (electric field)
Electric field work is the work performed by an electric field on a charged particle in its vicinity. The work per unit of charge is defined  as the movement of negligible test charge between two points, and is expressed as the difference in electric potential at those points. The work can be done, for example, by generators, (electrochemical cells) or thermocouples generating an electromotive force.

Electric field work is formally equivalent to work by other force fields in physics, and the formalism for electrical work is identical to that of mechanical work.

Electrochemical cell
An electrochemical cell is a device that either generates electrical energy from chemical reactions in a so-called galvanic or voltaic cell, or induces chemical reactions (electrolysis) by applying external electrical energy in an electrolytic cell.

Both galvanic and electrolytic cells can be thought of as having two half-cells: consisting of separate oxidation and reduction reactions.

When one or more electrochemical cells are connected in parallel or series they make a battery. Primary battery consists of single-use galvanic cells. Rechargeable batteries are built from secondary cells that use reversible reactions and can operate as galvanic cells (while providing energy) or electrolytic cells (while charging).
Nitobe Bunka College
Tokyo Bunka Junior College (東京文化短期大学, Tōkyō bunka tanki daigaku) is a private junior college in Nakano, Tokyo, Japan. The precursor of the school was founded in 1927, and it was chartered as a junior college in 1950.

In 2010 the college was renamed Nitobe Bunka College (新渡戸文化短期大学, Nitobe bunka tanki daigaku) after its first president Inazo Nitobe (presidency: 1928–1933).

Junior college
A junior college is a type of post-secondary institution that offers vocational and academic training that is designed to prepare students for either skilled trades and technical occupations or support roles in professions such as engineering, accountancy, business administration, nursing, medicine, architecture, and criminology. Often times, those types of colleges offer two-year associate's degrees that are intended for students that want to later transfer to a college for a four-year bachelor's degree to finish their undergraduate education, pending adequate grades. Students typically attend those types of colleges for one to three years, which is also dependent on the country.
John Llewellyn (racing driver)
John Llewellyn (born 4 January 1954) is a British former auto racing driver. He competed regularly in the British Touring Car Championship and the Willhire 24 Hour endurance race. His last BTCC appearance came in 1991 for Tech-Speed Motorsport. 
Since retiring from racing, he has been involved in running corporate-hospitality companies.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Dichomeris resignata
Dichomeris resignata is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1929. It is found on the Bismarck Archipelago and the New Hebrides in the South Pacific Ocean .

The wingspan is 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in).

New Hebrides
New Hebrides, named after the Hebrides in Scotland by Captain James Cook in 1774, was the colonial name for the island group in the South Pacific Ocean that is now Vanuatu.  The New Hebrides Condominium (French: Condominium des Nouvelles-Hébrides), which followed the governance of the islands under the Anglo-French Joint Naval Commission (1887–1889 and 1890–1906), lasted from 1906 until 1980, when New Hebrides gained its independence as the Republic of Vanuatu.
Monivea Castle
Monivea Castle (Irish: Caisleán Mhuine Mheá) is a former O'Kelly tower house, located near Monivea in County Galway, Ireland. It was acquired by the ffrench family, one of the fourteen Tribes of Galway, who developed it further, enhancing the lands and building the Monivea Castle—all increasing the fortification around the original Norman tower.

In 1876, the Monivea Castle estate took in 10,121 acres of land, including the features of the tower house ruins, Monivea Castle itself, the ffrench Mausoleum and Monivea Woods. The demesne lands surrounding Monivea Castle were worked directly for the benefit of the landlord. Further outlying lands were rented out for farming. Estate farmers and domestic servants lived in the surrounding region, the town of Monivea taking shape from this initial population, homes and servicing merchant posts.

Tribes of Galway
The Tribes of Galway (Irish: Treibheanna na Gaillimhe) were 14 merchant families who dominated the political, commercial and social life of the city of Galway in western Ireland between the mid-13th and late 19th centuries. They were the families of Athy, Blake, Bodkin, Browne, Darcy/D’Arcy, Deane, Font, French, Joyce, Kirwan, Lynch, Martin, Morris and Skerritt or Skerrett. Of the 14 families, 12 were of Anglo Norman origin, while two—the Darcy (Ó Dorchaí) and Kirwan (Ó Ciardhubháin) families—were Normanised Irish Gaels.
Stobno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Stobno [ˈstɔbnɔ] (German: Stöven) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kołbaskowo, within Police County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland, close to the German border. It lies approximately 17 km (11 mi) south-west of Police and 11 km (7 mi) west of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 450.

Police, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Police (Polish: [pɔˈlʲit͡sɛ]; German: Pölitz) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. It is the capital of Police County and one of the biggest towns of the Szczecin metropolitan area.

The town is situated on the Oder River and its estuary, south of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Bay of Pomerania. The centre of Police is situated about 15 kilometres (9 miles) north of the centre of Szczecin.
Epipharyngeal groove
The epipharyngeal groove is a ciliated groove along the dorsal side of the inside of the pharynx in some plankton-feeding early chordates, such as Amphioxus. It helps to carry a stream of mucus with plankton stuck in it, through the pharynx into the gut to be digested.

The subnotochordal rod or hypochord  is a transient structure that appears ventral to the notochord in the heads of embryos of some vertebrates. Its appearance is stimulated by a chemical secreted by the notochord. The subnotochordal rod helps to stimulate development of the dorsal aorta.

There is an opinion that these two structures are homologous.

Dorsal aorta
The dorsal aortae are paired (left and right) embryological vessels which progress to form the descending aorta. The paired dorsal aortae arise from aortic arches that in turn arise from the aortic sac.

The primary dorsal aorta is located deep to the lateral plate of mesoderm and move from lateral to medial position with development and eventually will fuse with the other dorsal aorta to form the descending aorta.

Each primitive aorta anteriorly receives the vitelline vein from the yolk-sac, and is prolonged backward on the lateral aspect of the notochord under the name of the dorsal aorta.

The dorsal aortae give branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion.
Budgie (TV series)
Budgie is a British television series starring pop star Adam Faith which was produced by ITV company London Weekend Television and broadcast on the ITV network between 1971 and 1972.

The series was created by Keith Waterhouse and Willis Hall. The show was produced by Verity Lambert with Rex Firkin as Executive Producer. In an interview for the 2006 DVD release, Lambert stated that the series was originally going to be called The Loser but this was rejected by the TV Network. The show had two theme songs: the first was "The Loner" by The Milton Hunter Orchestra, and the second was "Nobody's Fool" written by Ray Davies and performed by Cold Turkey.

Ray Davies
Sir Raymond Douglas Davies CBE (born 21 June 1944) is an English musician. He was the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist and primary songwriter for the rock band the Kinks, which he led, with his younger brother Dave providing lead guitar and backing vocals, and both of them were the only consistent members during the band's existence. He has also acted in, directed and produced shows for theatre and television. Known for focusing his lyrics on rock bands, English culture, nostalgia and social satire, he is often referred to as the "Godfather of Britpop", though he disputes this title. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Kinks in 1990. After the dissolution of the Kinks in 1996, he embarked on a solo career.
Soufiane Alloudi
Soufiane Alloudi (Arabic: سفيان علودي, born July 1, 1983, in El Gara) is a former Moroccan football striker who played for several Moroccan clubs, including Kawkab de Marrakech.

In September 2007, Alloudi was transferred by Raja Casablanca to Al-Ain FC on a 3-year contract, with his loan fee reported to be 450.000 $.

He also played for Morocco, for whom he scored a first-half hat-trick in 28 minutes against Namibia in their opening match of the 2008 Africa Cup of Nations. Alloudi left the field before the end of the game, injured. After this injury, Morocco failed to qualify for the quarter-finals of the African Nations Cup and hence, the loss of Alloudi was said to be one of the reasons for this result.

Division Excellence
The Division Excellence (DEX-H) is the top professional basketball league in Morocco. Founded in 1934, the league currently consists of 12 teams. The league is administered by the Royal Moroccan Basketball Federation (FRMBB). The current defending champions are FUS RABAT 2024/2025.
Oberea linearis
Oberea linearis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1761, originally under the genus Cerambyx. It has a wide distribution throughout Europe. It is preyed upon by Opilo pallidus, and serves as a host for the parasitic wasp species Dolichomitus messor and Phaenolobus terebrator. It feeds on Juglans regia, Corylus avellana, Ulmus glabra, Ostrya carpinifolia, and Carpinus betulus. It contains the varietas Oberea linearis var. parallela.

Oberea linearis measures between 11 and 14 mm (0.43 and 0.55 in).

Juglans regia
Juglans regia, known by various common names including the common walnut, English walnut,  or Persian walnut amongst other names, is a species of walnut. It is native to Eurasia in at least southwest and central Asia and southeast Europe, but its exact natural area is obscure due to its long history of cultivation.

The species has numerous cultivars which produce the edible walnut consumed around the world and produced predominately in China. It is widely cultivated across temperate regions throughout the world including those of Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas.
1998 OFC Nations Cup
The 1998 OFC Nations Cup was held in Brisbane, Australia. The six participating teams were Australia and New Zealand who qualified as of right, Fiji and Vanuatu who qualified from the Melanesia Cup, and Tahiti and the Cook Islands who qualified from the Polynesia Cup. New Zealand beat an Australian team lacking most of their best internationals 1–0 in the final, while Fiji defeated Tahiti for third place.

MSG Prime Minister's Cup
The MSG Prime Minister's Cup, formerly known as the Melanesia Cup, is an association football competition played between the Melanesian countries. It was formerly used (along with the Polynesia Cup) for qualification to the OFC Nations Cup. The original tournament used a round-robin format with every team playing each other once at the tournament's location.
Jhapa XI
Jhapa Football Club also known as Jhapa XI is a professional football club which represented Jhapa district in the Nepal National Football League. Jhapa XI participated in the Nepal National League for the first time in 2015.
Currently the club participates in Martyr's Memorial B-Division League.

Jhapa District
Jhapa District (Nepali: झापा जिल्ला; Listenⓘ) is a district of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal named after a Rajbanshi Surjapuri language word "Jhapa", meaning "to cover" (verb). The 2021 Nepal Census, puts the total population of the district at 994,090. The total area of the district is 1,606 square kilometres.
Matthías Þórðarson
Matthías Þórðarson (30 October 1877 – 29 December 1961) was the Icelandic State Antiquarian and Director of the National Museum of Iceland from 1908 to 1947. He became president of the Icelandic Literary Society in 1946 and held the position for the rest of his life. He designed the official flag of Iceland that was formally adopted in 1944.

National Museum of Iceland
The National Museum of Iceland (Icelandic: Þjóðminjasafn Íslands [ˈθjouðˌmɪnjaˌsapn ˈistlan(t)s]) was established on 24 February 1863, with Jón Árnason the first curator of the Icelandic collection, previously kept in Danish museums.
2010 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters
The 2010 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters, a men's tennis tournament for male professional players, was played from 10 April through 18 April 2010, on outdoor clay courts. It was the 104th edition of the annual Monte Carlo Masters tournament, which is sponsored by Rolex for the second time. It took place at the Monte Carlo Country Club in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France, near Monte Carlo, Monaco. Second-seeded Rafael Nadal won the singles title.

Albert Montañés
Albert Montañés Roca (Catalan: [əlˈβɛɾt muntəˈɲes ˈrɔkə], Spanish: [alˈβeɾ montaˈɲes ˈroka]; born 26 November 1980) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. He first entered the top 100 in 2001, achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 22 in 2010, and has won six singles titles and two doubles titles.

Montañés is one of very few players to win a title after saving match points in two different matches. He did it during his title run in Estoril 2009 in his quarterfinals and the final. He holds the record for most first-round exits at Grand Slam events; 35 reached at Wimbledon in 2016, beating Kenneth Carlsen's long standing record of 30 first-round exits. Montañés' career ended at the 2017 Barcelona Open, where he lost to countryman Feliciano López in the second round.
Uudo Sepp
Uudo Sepp (born 28 March 1997 in Kuressaare) is an Estonian singer.

In 2018, he won first place in the television program Eesti otsib superstaari. In 2020, he competed in Eesti Laul, the annual music competition organised by Estonian public broadcaster Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR) to determine the country's representative for the Eurovision Song Contest. He achieved 10th place.

In 2024, Sepp returned to Eesti Laul, performing the duet "Still Love" with Irish-Norwegian singer Sarah Murray. The song qualified directly to the final, where it placed 8th overall, receiving 6 points—1 from the jury and 5 from the televote.

Eesti Rahvusringhääling
59°26′3.32″N 24°46′17.09″E﻿ / ﻿59.4342556°N 24.7714139°E﻿ / 59.4342556; 24.7714139

Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR) – Estonian Public Broadcasting – is a publicly funded and owned radio and television organisation created in Estonia on 1 June 2007 to take over the functions of the formerly separate Eesti Raadio (ER) (Estonian Radio) and Eesti Televisioon (ETV) (Estonian Television), under the terms of the Estonian National Broadcasting Act. The first chair of ERR is Margus Allikmaa, the former chair of Eesti Raadio. Present CEO is Erik Roose.

The organisation has proved popular since its creation, with ETV becoming the national television channel, creating and producing their own shows. Eesti Rahvusringhääling (ERR) can be streamed live from all around the world from online browsers as well as an app.
HIOC
HIOC is a small-molecule agent which acts as a selective TrkB receptor agonist (active at at least 100 nM; prominent activation at 500 nM). It was derived from N-acetylserotonin (NAS). Relative to NAS, HIOC possesses greater potency and a longer half-life (~30 min or less for NAS in rats, while HIOC is still detectable up to 24 hours after administration to mice; ~4 hour half-life for HIOC in mouse brain tissues). It is described as producing long-lasting activation of the TrkB receptor and downstream signaling kinases associated with the receptor. HIOC is systemically active and is able to penetrate the blood-brain-barrier. In animal studies, HIOC was found to robustly protect against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, an action which was TrkB-dependent.

A chemical synthesis of HIOC was published in 2015.

Binding selectivity
In chemistry, binding selectivity is defined with respect to the binding of ligands to a substrate forming a complex. Binding selectivity describes how a ligand may bind more preferentially to one receptor than another. A selectivity coefficient is the equilibrium constant for the reaction of displacement by one ligand of another ligand in a complex with the substrate. Binding selectivity is of major importance in biochemistry and in chemical separation processes.
Suburban Souls
Suburban Souls: The Erotic Psychology of a Man and a Maid is an anonymous erotic novel in three volumes originally printed and published in Paris in one hundred and fifty copies in 1901 for distribution amongst private subscribers only.  The book has been reprinted by Grove Press in the United States in 1968, 1979, and 1994, and in England by Wordsworth Classic in 1995 with an introduction by Richard Manton (pseudonym for the late British author Donald Thomas) and Barney Rosset, the former owner of the publishing house Grove Press.

The book, which is considered a classic of the 20th century erotic fiction genre, was originally published by Charles Carrington, a leading British publisher of erotica in late-19th and early 20th century Europe, and possibly written by him also under the pseudonym of Jacky S--. Slang lexicographer John S. Farmer has been suggested as another possible candidate for the book's real author.

Donald Serrell Thomas
Donald Serrell Thomas (18 July 1934 – 20 January 2022) was a British crime writer. His work primarily included Victorian-era historical, crime and detective fiction, as well as books on factual crime and criminals, in particular several academic books on the history of crime in London. He wrote a number of biographies, two volumes of poetry, and also edited volumes of poetry by John Dryden and the Pre-Raphaelites. He also wrote under the pseudonym Richard Manton.
Sōbu Main Line
The Sōbu Main Line (Japanese: 総武本線, Hepburn: Sōbu-honsen) is a Japanese railway line operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) in Japan. It connects Tokyo with the east coast of Chiba Prefecture, passing through the cities of Funabashi, Chiba, and Chōshi. Its name derives from the old provinces of the area which it serves: Musashi (Japanese: 武蔵国), Shimōsa (Japanese: 下総国) and Kazusa (Japanese: 上総国). Its official line color is navy.

Kazusa Province
Kazusa Province (上総国, Kazusa no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [kaꜜ.(d)zɯ.sa (no kɯ.ɲi), ka.(d)zɯ.saꜜ-]) was a province of Japan in the area of modern Chiba Prefecture. The province was located in the middle of the Bōsō Peninsula, whose name takes its first kanji from the name of Awa Province and its second from Kazusa and Shimōsa provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Sōshū (総州) or Nansō (南総). The borders of Kazusa Province were defined by Shimōsa Province to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east, Awa Province to the south, and Tokyo Bay to the west.

Kazusa was classified as one of the provinces of the Tōkaidō. Under the Engishiki classification system, Kazusa was ranked as a "great country" (大国) and a "far country" in relation to its distance from the capital (遠国). Along with Kōzuke and Hitachi, it was originally one of the provinces where an imperial prince was nominally assigned as governor.
Gone, But Not Forgotten (Waterhouse painting)
Gone, But Not Forgotten by John William Waterhouse was painted in 1873 during the artist's romantic period. It was exhibited in the winter of 1873 at the Dudley Museum and Art Gallery but is now in a private collection.

The painting depicts only one figure, a woman with a solemn expression leaning against a wall. She is outdoors and wears classical clothing: a chiton which is draped to expose her right shoulder, tainia and some jewellery. She is holding in her left hand some flowers. In front of her is a basket overflowing with a reddish or brown cloth. The overall tone of the painting is consistent with the Romantic movement, which emphasised the human experience and found beauty in that which evokes emotional response.

Chiton (garment)
A chiton (/ˈkaɪtɒn, -tən/; Ancient Greek: χιτών, romanized: khitṓn [kʰitɔ̌ːn]) is a form of tunic that fastens at the shoulder, worn by men and women of ancient Greece and Rome. There are two forms of chiton: the Doric and the later Ionic.  According to Herodotus, popular legend was that Athenian women began to wear the chiton as opposed to the peplos after several women stabbed a messenger to death with the bronze pins characteristic of the peplos.
162nd Infantry Brigade (United States)
The 162nd Infantry Brigade was an active duty Infantry training brigade of the United States Army based at Fort Polk, Louisiana. The brigade was responsible for training the Security Forces Assistance – Security Cooperation teams, also known as Military Transition Teams, prior to their deployment to Operations Enduring Freedom and New Dawn from 2010 until its inactivation in 2014.

Military transition team
A military transition team or transition team, commonly abbreviated as MiTT, in the context of the United States Military, is a 10–15-soldier team that trains foreign national and local security forces. The term has been used in the "war on terror" to designate groups training the Iraqi Security Forces in particular.  By comparison, Afghan Army and other Afghan security forces are mentored and trained by US Embedded Training Teams (ETTs) and the Operational Mentoring and Liaison Teams (OMLTs) of other nations.
Edward Nicholas Hopkins
Edward Nicholas Hopkins (October 3, 1854 – July 14, 1935) was a Canadian farmer, manufacturer and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He represented Moose Jaw in the House of Commons of Canada from 1923 to 1925 as a Progressive Party member.

He was born in Brownsville, Canada West (present-day Ontario), the son of Benjamin Hopkins, an Irish immigrant, and Margaret Loucks. He worked on the family farm until he was 14 and then was employed in cheese production. Hopkins came west in 1882, settling on land near Moose Jaw. He was president of the Grain Growers Association and of the Dairymen's Association of the Northwest Territories. Hopkins married Minnie Latham in 1889. She had migrated to Moose Jaw with her parents from England six years earlier. Hopkins was first elected to the House of Commons in a 1923 by-election. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1925. Moose Jaw's restaurant Hopkins Dining Parlour is named after him.

South-West Oxford
South-West Oxford is a township in the Canadian province of Ontario, located within Oxford County. The township had a population of 7,664 in the 2016 Canadian census. A predominantly rural municipality, South-West Oxford was formed in 1975 through the amalgamation of Dereham and West Oxford townships and the village of Beachville.