hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Malabar rites
Malabar rites is a conventional term for certain customs or practices of the natives of South India, especially Madurai, Mysore and the Carnatic, which the Jesuit missionaries in the early seventeenth century allowed their Indian neophytes to retain after conversion.

These rites were controversial among Catholics, with some figures criticizing them as idolatrous or superstitious, and others defending the character of the missionaries who established them. They were eventually prohibited by Rome.

Superstition
A superstition is any belief or practice considered by non-practitioners to be irrational or supernatural. It is commonly applied to beliefs and practices surrounding luck, fate, magic, amulets, astrology, fortune telling, spirits, and certain paranormal entities, particularly the belief that future events can be foretold by specific unrelated prior events.

The word superstition is also used to refer to a religion not practiced by the majority of a given society regardless of whether the prevailing religion contains alleged superstitions or to all religions by the antireligious.
Charles Okun
Charles Okun (September 8, 1924 - July 3, 2005) was an American assistant director, producer and production manager. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Picture for the film The Accidental Tourist.

Okun died in July 2005 from complications of cancer in Florida, at the age of 80.

Unit production manager
In the cinema of the United States, a unit production manager (UPM) is the Directors Guild of America–approved title for the top below-the-line staff position, responsible for the administration of a feature film or television production. Non-DGA productions might call it the production manager or production supervisor. They work closely with the line producer. Sometimes the line producer is the UPM. A senior producer may assign a UPM more than one production at a time.
Dziewulski (surname)
Dziewulski (feminine: Dziewulska; plural: Dziewulscy) is a Polish surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Jan Dziewulski, founder of Opoczno S.A., the largest producer of ceramic tiles in Poland

Jerzy Dziewulski (1943–2025), Polish politician

Marcin Dziewulski (born 1982), Polish footballer

Maria Dziewulska (1909–2006), Polish composer and music educator

Władysław Dziewulski (1878–1962), Polish astronomer and mathematician

Maria Dziewulska
Maria Amelia Dziewulska (1 June 1909 – 18 April 2006) was a Polish composer, music theoretician and music educator. She was born in Warsaw and studied music theory at the State Conservatoire in Warsaw from 1928 to 1933 with Kazimierz Sikorski. She studied special effects for radio, film and recording in London and worked as a music arranger for the BBC and Decca from 1936 to 1937. She then took a position as professor of Music Theory at the Academy of Music in Warsaw, later becoming dean. She died in Warsaw in 2006.
Boxing at the 2018 Mediterranean Games – Men's flyweight
The men's flyweight competition of the boxing events at the 2018 Mediterranean Games in Tarragona, Spain, was held between June 25 and 30 at the Torredembarra Pavilion.

Like all Mediterranean Games boxing events, the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament. Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals, so no boxers competed again after their first loss.

2018 Mediterranean Games
The 2018 Mediterranean Games (Catalan: Jocs Mediterranis de 2018, Spanish: Juegos Mediterráneos de 2018), officially known as the XVIII Mediterranean Games (Catalan: XVIII Jocs Mediterranis, Spanish: XVIII Juegos Mediterráneos) and commonly known as Tarragona 2018, was an international multi-sport event held from 22 June to 1 July 2018 in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. Tarragona was announced as the host city at the ICMG General Assembly in Mersin, Turkey, on 15 October 2011.
Management process
A management process is a process of setting goals, planning and/or controlling the organising and leading the execution of any type of activity, such as:

A project (project management process), or

A process (process management process, sometimes referred to as the process performance measurement and management system)

An organization's senior management is responsible for carrying out its management process. However, this is not always the case for all management processes, for example, sometimes it is the responsibility of the project manager to carry out a project management process.

Control (management)
Control is a primary function of management that assists in identifying errors and taking corrective actions. This minimizes deviation from standards and ensures that the stated goals of the organization are achieved effectively. In simple terms, it ensures that activities are performed as stated by managerial plans.

According to modern concepts, control is a proactive action; earlier concepts of control were only used when errors were detected. Control in management includes setting standards, measuring actual performance, and taking corrective action in decision-making.
2007 Davidoff Swiss Indoors – Doubles
Mark Knowles and Daniel Nestor were the defending champions, but Nestor chose not to participate, and only Knowles competed that year.
Knowles partnered with James Blake, but Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan defeated them 6–1, 6–1, in the final.

Mark Knowles
Mark Knowles (born 4 September 1971) is a Bahamian former professional tennis player and coach. He is a former world No. 1 in doubles. He won three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in men's doubles, partnering with Daniel Nestor, as well as Wimbledon in mixed doubles. At various times between 2002 and 2005 he was ranked World No. 1 in doubles. He is a five-time Olympian.
Bhangala
Bhangalan is a small village located in the Abohar Block of Fazilka district, Punjab, India. It is 32 km (20 mi) from the India-Pakistan Border, and 5 km (3.1 mi) from National Highway 7 (NH 7). Bhangalan has two distinct regions, Bhangal Patti and Gill Patti (also known as Jhorar Patti and Jhorar Gill). The Gill families come from Gurusar (also known as Gurusar Ghagga) near Giddarbaha.

Abohar
Abohar is a city and municipal corporation in the Fazilka district of Punjab, situated southeast of Fazilka. It lies near the India–Pakistan border. According to the 2011 Census of India, Abohar’s population was 145,302.
The city and its suburbs are known for kinnow production, with the Abohar belt alone contributing up to 60% of Punjab’s total kinnow output. Lahore, Pakistan, lies to the west-northwest of Abohar, at a straight-line distance of approximately 156–157 km (98 miles).
Saint-Omer-en-Chaussée station
Saint-Omer-en-Chaussée is a railway station located in the commune of Saint-Omer-en-Chaussée in the Oise department, France.  It is served by TER Hauts-de-France trains from Beauvais to Le Tréport-Mers. The station was first opened on July 1, 1875. The station is accessible for disabled persons. It consists of a simple shelter, a ticket machine and a notice board. Trains cannot pass each other at the station anymore.

Oise
Oise (/wɑːz/ WAHZ; French: [waz] ⓘ; Picard: Oése) is a department in the north of France. It is named after the river Oise. Inhabitants of the department are called Oisiens (French: [wazjɛ̃]) or Isariens, after the Latin name for the river, Isara. It had a population of 829,419 in 2019.
Île Rouleau crater
Île Rouleau is an impact crater in Baie-James, Quebec, Canada, located on a small, uninhabited island in Lake Mistassini in the centre of the province.

The crater is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) in diameter and the age is estimated to be less than 300 million years (Permian or younger). Part of the crater is exposed to the surface, but most of it is under the waters of the lake.

Lake Mistassini
Lake Mistassini (French: Lac Mistassini) is the largest natural lake by surface area in the province of Quebec, Canada, with a total surface area of approximately 2,335 square kilometres (902 sq mi) and a net area (water surface area only) of 2,164 square kilometres (836 sq mi). It is located in the Jamésie region of the province, approximately 360 kilometers (220 mi) east of James Bay. The Cree town of Mistissini is located on Watson Peninsula in the south-east corner of the lake, which separates Baie du Poste from Abatagouche Bay.
Extensive forests of spruce, birch, pine, and fir trees, which support a booming forestry industry, surround the lake.

Significant tributaries flowing into the lake include: Chalifour, Pépeshquasati, Takwa, Témiscamie, and Wabissinane.

Other nearby lakes include Lake Albanel and Lake Troilus.
Divitdar Mehmed Emin Pasha
Divitdar Mehmed Emin Pasha ("Mehmed Emin Pasha the Stenographer"; also known as Divitdar Emin Mehmed Pasha or Emin Mehmed Pasha or Muhammad Pasha Amin; died 1753) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1750 to 1752. After this, he was exiled to Rethymno on Crete for three years.

After returning from exile, he served as the Ottoman governor of Egypt in 1753. He died either one day (May 1753) or two months (August 1753) in Cairo after taking office as governor of Egypt. He was buried near the shrine and tomb of Al-Shafi‘i.

Al-Shafi'i
Al-Shafi'i (Arabic: الشَّافِعِيّ, romanized: al-Shāfiʿī; IPA: [a(l) ʃaːfiʕiː] ⓘ;767–820 CE) was a Muslim scholar, jurist, muhaddith, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the  principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having authored one of the earliest work on the subject: al-Risala. His legacy and teaching on the matter provided it with a systematic form, thereby "fundamentally influencing the succeeding generations which are under his direct and obvious impact,": 270  and "beginning a new phase of the development of legal theory.": 239–273

Born in Gaza, Palestine, to the Banu Muttalib clan of the Quraysh tribe, he relocated at the age of two and was raised in Mecca. He later resided in Medina, Yemen, Baghdad in Iraq, and Egypt, and also served as a judge for some time in Najran.
Modern Synthesis
Modern Synthesis is the second studio album by English rock band Area 11. It was released on 1 July 2016 and has an 11-song track list similar to their previous album All The Lights In The Sky. The album was written and partially recorded in Italy from between in the Spring of 2016 and then recorded in England throughout the rest of the year of 2015 into early 2016 between the band's tours.

The writing process for this album was more collaborative than the band's other records, with Jonathan Kogan and Sparkles* sharing much of the work, and with band members Alex Parvis and Leo Taylor contributing. This album is the band's first to be partly distributed by a non-indie label: Cooking Vinyl.

Cooking Vinyl
Cooking Vinyl is a British independent record label, based in Acton, London, England. It was founded in 1986 by former manager and booking agent Martin Goldschmidt and his business partner Pete Lawrence. Goldschmidt remains the current owner and chairman, while Rob Collins is managing director.
Franci Žbontar
Franci Žbontar (born June 12, 1952) is a former Yugoslav ice hockey player. He played for the Yugoslavia men's national ice hockey team at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo and the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.

His brother, Marjan Žbontar, played for the Yugoslav national ice hockey team at the 1976 Winter Olympics.

Yugoslavia men's national ice hockey team
The Yugoslav national ice hockey team was the national men's ice hockey in the former republic of Yugoslavia.  They competed in five Olympic Games competitions. This article discusses the team that represented the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and its predecessors, but not the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. For the FRY, please see the Serbia and Montenegro men's national ice hockey team. The team was largely composed of players from Slovenia: throughout its existence 91% of all players on the national team were Slovene, and the entire roster for the team at the 1984 Winter Olympics, held in Sarajevo were from Slovenia.
Nayanjot Lahiri
Nayanjot Lahiri (born 1960) is a renowned historian and archaeologist of ancient India.

She studied at St. Stephen’s College, Delhi,  and at the Department of History, University of Delhi.

She has taught at Hindu College (1982–1993) and University of Delhi (1994–2016) is currently a professor of history at Ashoka University.

She is the winner of the 2013 Infosys Prize, in the humanities, for her work in archaeology and the 2016 awardee of the John F. Richards prize for her book Ashoka in Ancient India. She also served on the Humanities jury for the Infosys Prize from 2017 to 2018.

John F. Richards
John F. Richards (November 3, 1938 – August 23, 2007) was a historian of South Asia and in particular of the Mughal Empire. He was Professor of History at Duke University in North Carolina, and a recipient in 2007 of the Distinguished Contributions to Asian Studies Award. He participated in and encouraged a multi-disciplinary, multi-regional approach to studies.
Justinianopolis (Galatia)
Justinianopolis was a Roman and Byzantine era city and ancient Bishopric in Galatia.  It has been identified  with modern Sivrihisar, Eskişehir Province Central Anatolia, Turkey. It was one of several Ancient sites renamed in late Antiquity after Byzantine emperor Justinian I.

Eskişehir Province
Eskişehir Province (Turkish: Eskişehir ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in northwestern Turkey. Its area is 13,960 km2, and its population is 906,617 (2022). Its adjacent provinces are Bilecik to the northwest, Kütahya to the west, Afyon to the southwest, Konya to the south, Ankara to the east, and Bolu to the north. The provincial capital is Eskişehir. Most of the province is laid down in Central Anatolia Region. Northern parts of Mihalıççık district and ones of Mihalgazi and Sarıcakaya are located in the Black Sea Region and one of them belong to the Aegean Region.

Eskişehir is an old and culturally developed province of Turkey. Eskişehir has 3 universities, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir Technical University and Anadolu University, which is the largest university in Turkey and which has some branch offices in Europe.
Kotagiri Vidyadhara Rao
Kotagiri Vidhyadher Rao (April 28 1946 – 20 July 2013) was an Indian politician who served as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) and held ministerial positions in the government. He was a five time MLA from Eluru district, Andhra Pradesh. He was in TDP, PRP (which joined Congress).

Eluru district
Eluru district is a district in coastal Andhra Region in  the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.  Eluru is its administrative headquarters. It is  formed from  from erstwhile West Godavari and  Krishna districts on 4 April 2022. It was restructured on 16 February 2023 with the transfer of Ganapavaram mandal to West Godavari district
Xanthoparmelia evernica
Xanthoparmelia evernica is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 1986 by the American lichenologist Mason Hale. The type specimen was collected from Laguneberg Mountain (district Omaruru, Namibia. The lichen has a somewhat dark yellow-green thallus measuring 3–5 cm (1.2–2.0 in) broad, comprising more or less linear lobes that are 0.3–1 mm wide. The large, hollow, spherical isidia are a characteristic feature of this lichen. It contains evernic acid and usnic acid, and trace amounts of lecanoric acid.

Usnic acid
Usnic acid is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species with the formula C18H16O7. It was first isolated by German scientist W. Knop in 1844 and first synthesized between 1933 and 1937 by Frank H. Curd and Alexander Robertson. Usnic acid was identified in many genera of lichens including Usnea, Cladonia, Hypotrachyna, Lecanora, Ramalina, Evernia, Parmelia and Alectoria. Although it is generally believed that usnic acid is exclusively restricted to lichens, in a few unconfirmed isolated cases the compound was found in kombucha tea and non-lichenized ascomycetes.

At normal conditions, usnic acid is a bitter, yellow, solid substance. It is known to occur in nature in both the d- and l-forms as well as a racemic mixture. Salts of usnic acid are called usnates (e.g. copper usnate).
Carlos Bernard
Carlos Bernard Papierski (born October 12, 1962) is an American actor and director, best known for his role as Tony Almeida in 24, which he played from 2001 to 2006, and then reprised again in 2009, 2014 in 24: Solitary and 2017 in 24: Legacy. He received a fine arts degree from American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco after receiving an undergraduate degree from Illinois State University.

Undergraduate degree
An undergraduate degree (also called a first degree or simply a degree) is an academic degree awarded to a student who has completed an undergraduate program of study. In the United States, undergraduate degrees are typically offered at institutions of higher education such as colleges and universities. The most common types are the associate degree and the bachelor's degree, with the latter usually requiring at least three to four years of full-time study to complete.

In other higher education systems, the scope of undergraduate education may extend up to the level of a master's degree. This structure is found, for example, in certain science courses in the United Kingdom and in some long-cycle medicine programs in continental Europe. Such qualifications are sometimes categorized as basic academic degrees or as first professional degrees.
Five Days (TV series)
Five Days is a British dramatic television series produced by the BBC in association with Home Box Office (HBO). The first series was first broadcast on BBC One from 23 January to 1 February 2007, and repeated on BBC Four from 9 to 13 April 2007.

The first series follows five non-consecutive days (days 1, 3, 28, 33 and 79) of a police investigation into the disappearance of a young mother and her two children. It was written by Gwyneth Hughes and directed by Otto Bathurst and Simon Curtis. Music for the series was composed by Magnus Fiennes.

A two-part spin-off called Hunter was broadcast on BBC One in January 2009. A second series of Five Days was developed by the BBC and broadcast on 1 March 2010 to 5 March 2010.

Magnus Fiennes
Magnus Hubert Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes (born 21 November 1965) is an English composer, record producer and songwriter.

He has worked with artists such as Shakira, Pulp, Tom Jones and Morcheeba. In 1997 he produced the million-selling All Saints single "Never Ever", which reached number 4 on the US charts and number 1 throughout Europe; producing and co-writing on their eponymous five million selling album.

He composed and produced much of the two multi-million selling albums from the girl quartet Bond. He has composed several major film scores, numerous commercials and TV series, including many seasons of leading BBC dramas such as Hustle, Murphy's Law, and Death in Paradise. He also created, developed and produced the $20 million animated cartoon series Freefonix.
Jack de Sequeira
João Hugo Eduardo de Sequeira (20 April 1915 – 19 February 1989), popularly known as Dr. Jack de Sequeira, also known as Jak Siker according to local naming conventions, was an Indian politician, businessman and former medical practitioner who is widely considered in Goa to be the "Father of the Opinion Poll", which led to the former territory attaining statehood in 1987. De Sequeira was Goa's first Leader of the Opposition when the inaugural Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly was launched in 1963. Born to Goan emigrant parents in British Burma (now Myanmar), de Sequeira shaped politics in Goa during the 1960s and 1970s in particular.

Goa Legislative Assembly
The Goa Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the state of Goa in India. The Assembly meets at the Goa State Legislative Assembly Complex in Porvorim, Bardez. The Eighth Goa Legislative Assembly consists of 40 members. The assembly is in charge of the budget, the Assembly appropriates money for social programs, agricultural development, infrastructure development, etc. It is also responsible for proposing and levying taxes.
Tatiana Gorchkova
Tatjana Gorschkova  (born (1981 -03-08)8 March 1981) is a retired Russian female volleyball player, who played as an outside hitter.

Gorschkova was part of the Russia women's national volleyball team at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Germany, and at the 2004 FIVB World Grand Prix. On club level she played with VK Uralotschka-NTMK.

2004 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix
The FIVB World Grand Prix 2004 was the twelfth edition of the annual women's volleyball tournament, which is the female equivalent of the Men's Volleyball World League. The 2004 edition was played by twelve countries from July 9 to August 1, 2004, with the final round held in Reggio Calabria, Italy. Hosts Italy and the top five ranked teams after the preliminary rounds qualified for the last round.
Frédéric Pagès
Frédéric Pagès (French: [paʒɛs]; born 1950) is a French journalist noted for his work with the satirical weekly, Le Canard enchaîné.

Pagès studied philosophy at University and worked as a high school teacher until 1985.

At Le Canard enchaîné, his humorous columns included Le Journal de Xavière T, a spoof diary of Xavière Tiberi, the wife of Jean Tiberi, then mayor of Paris, and, from December 2007, Le Journal de Carla B, a spoof diary of Carla Bruni, wife of  President Nicolas Sarkozy.

The last of these was the subject of controversy when Karl Laske and Laurent Valdiguié published a book Vrai Canard, which alleged that the spoof diary was written by Pierre Charon, a political advisor to the French government, and used to pass on political messages. The editor of Le Canard enchaîné, Michel Gaillard, quickly debunked this claim by naming Frédéric Pagès as the writer.

Le Canard enchaîné
Le Canard enchaîné (French pronunciation: [lə kanaʁ ɑ̃ʃɛne]; English: "The Chained Duck" or "The Chained Paper" as canard in French slang means "newspaper") is a satirical weekly newspaper in France. Its headquarters are in Paris.

Founded in 1915 during World War I, it features investigative journalism and leaks from sources inside the French government, the French political world and the French business world, as well as many jokes and cartoons. Le Canard enchaîné does not accept any advertisements and is privately owned, mostly by its own employees.
Djalma Bastos de Morais
Djalma Bastos de Morais (16 March 1937 – 25 December 2020) was a Brazilian engineer and politician who served as Federal Minister of Communications.

Morais was born in Maceió, Alagoas and moved, in his teens, to Barbacena, Minas Gerais. In 1960 he became an army officer at Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras at Resende and, in 1966, graduated in engineering from the Instituto Militar de Engenharia in Rio de Janeiro.

From 1990 he was president of TELEMIG, the state-owned telecoms monopoly in Minas Gerais, until 1993. On 23 December 1993 he was appointed Minister of Communications in the Federal government under president Itamar Franco, and served until 1 January 1995. He later became president of Companhia Energética de Minas Gerais (CEMIG), the power generator and distributor based in Belo Horizonte.

He died of COVID-19 on 25 December 2020, in Rio de Janeiro during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

Military Academy of Agulhas Negras
The Military Academy of Agulhas Negras (Portuguese: Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras, AMAN) is a service academy for training of officer cadets of the Brazilian Army. It originated in 1792 with the creation of the Royal Academy of Artillery, Fortification and Drawing, the first military school of the Americas. It is located in Resende, in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

It is the only institution that trains career officers in the Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, Engineering and Communications branches, as well as the Ordnance Corps and the Army Quartermaster Corps.