hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Augustus Ludlow
Augustus C. Ludlow (1 January 1792 – 13 June 1813) was an officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812.

Ludlow was born in Newburgh, New York. He was appointed midshipman April 2, 1804, and commissioned lieutenant June 3, 1810. Ludlow was second in command to Captain James Lawrence on the USS Chesapeake during the ship's engagement with HMS Shannon on June 1, 1813.  It was to Ludlow that Lawrence said "Don't give up the ship."  Both Ludlow and Lawrence were mortally wounded in that battle, and Ludlow died in Halifax, Nova Scotia, on June 13, 1813.

Lieutenant Ludlow is interred, together with Captain James Lawrence and Lawrence's widow, in the graveyard of Trinity Church in Manhattan, New York City.

HMS Shannon (1806)
HMS Shannon was a 38-gun Leda-class fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1806 and served in the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. She won a noteworthy naval victory on 1 June 1813, during the latter conflict, when she captured the United States Navy frigate USS Chesapeake in a bloody battle.
I Know What I Like
"I Know What I Like" is a song performed by Huey Lewis and the News and released as the fourth single from the album Fore! in 1987. The single peaked at number nine on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. Like their earlier single, "Hip to Be Square", "I Know What I Like" featured background performances by then-San Francisco 49ers, Dwight Clark, Riki Ellison, Ronnie Lott, and Joe Montana.

Upon the release of the album in 1986, "I Know What I Like" peaked at number 25 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart in September 1986. When released as a single in 1987, the track re-entered the chart but topped out this time at number 31.

Cash Box called it a "good, straight-ahead rock-inflected tune."

The song is in major and uses the rare minor dominant (v) chord, lacking a leading-tone.

Major scale
A major scale is a sequence of musical notes containing a major triad on the tonic.

Most commonly, the term "major scale" refers to the natural major scale (or Ionian mode), which is one of the most commonly used musical scales, especially in Western music. It is one of the diatonic scales. Like many musical scales, it is made up of seven notes: the eighth duplicates the first at double its frequency so that it is called a higher octave of the same note (from Latin "octavus", the eighth). The notes C–D–E–F–G–A–B form a prototypical major scale.

Some lesser-used scales are also sometimes called major scales, such as the harmonic major scale, the melodic major scale, and the Lydian and Mixolydian diatonic modes.
B. Devarajan
B. Devarajan was an Indian politician and former Member of Parliament elected from Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of India's parliament, from Rasipuram constituency as an Indian National Congress candidate in the state general elections in 1977, 1980, 1984, 1989 and 1991.

1977 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu
The 1977 Indian general election polls in Tamil Nadu were held for 39 seats in the state. The result was a big victory for Indian National Congress under Indira Gandhi and its allies All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and Communist Party of India winning 34 seats, while Janata Party and its allies Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and Indian National Congress (Organisation) won only 5 seats. The Janata Party ended up winning this election. After the election, the AIADMK ended up supporting the Janata Party under Morarji Desai. In 1979, AIADMK continued to support Janata Party, by supporting Charan Singh, which resulted in the appointment of two AIADMK cabinet members.
Celeste D'Arrando
Celeste D'Arrando (born March 23, 1985, in Turin, Italy) is an Italian politician. She was elected to be a deputy to the Parliament of Italy in the 2018 Italian general election for the Legislature XVIII of Italy.

Legislature XVIII of Italy
Legislature XVIII of Italy (Italian: XVIII Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) started on 23 March 2018 and ended on 12 October 2022. The composition of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate is the one resulting from the 4 March 2018 election, called after the dissolution of the Parliament announced by President Sergio Mattarella on 28 December 2017.

The members of this legislature have on average the lowest age in the history of the Italian Republic: 44 years old in the Chamber of Deputies and 52 in the Senate. This legislature has also the largest number of new MPs and the highest percentage of women (34%) in Italian history.
Frank Mula
Frank Mula (January 20, 1950 – December 17, 2021) was an American television writer. He wrote for Cosby, Madame's Place, Grand, The Simpsons, and created the series Local Heroes, which lasted 7 episodes.

Grand (TV series)
Grand is an American sitcom and soap opera parody that aired on NBC from January 18 to December 27, 1990. It was created by Michael Leeson and executive produced by Leeson, Marcy Carsey and Tom Werner.

Grand revolved around three interrelated families from different social classes – the wealthy Weldons, the impoverished Pasettis, and the middle class Smithsons – who lived in the fictional rural town of Grand, Pennsylvania. The show was a satire that featured story arcs which carried through several episodes, and mocked soap opera conventions in the vein of Soap.
2011 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 6
The 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification UEFA Group 6 was a UEFA qualifying group for the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup. The group comprised Russia, the Republic of Ireland, Switzerland, Israel and Kazakhstan.

Switzerland won the group and advanced to the play-off rounds.

Russia women's national football team
The Russia women's national football team represents Russia in international women's football. The team is controlled by the Russian Football Union and affiliated with UEFA. Yuri Krasnozhan replaced Elena Fomina as coach of the team in December 2020.

Russia qualified for two World Cups, 1999, 2003 and five European Championships, 1997, 2001, 2009, 2013 and 2017.

As the men's team, the Russian women's national team is the direct successor of the CIS and USSR women's national teams.

On 28 February 2022, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a recommendation by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), FIFA and UEFA suspended the participation of Russia, including in the UEFA Women's Euro 2022. The Russian Football Union unsuccessfully appealed the FIFA and UEFA bans to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which upheld the bans.
Scandal (EP)
Scandal is the debut EP by American rock band Scandal, released in 1982 by Columbia Records. Although the EP was never released on CD, all five of the EP's songs along with the "Goodbye to You" B-side "All My Life" are found on the VH1 Scandal compilation album We Are the '80s (2006). An alternate photo from the same photoshoot of the EP was used for the VH1 compilation cover as well as Playlist: The Very Best of Scandal (2008), with the track listing for Playlist being identical to We Are the '80s. All five of the EP's songs can also be found on the  remastered and expanded 2014 Rock Candy Records version of Scandal's 1984 album Warrior.

The song "Win Some, Lose Some" was written in 1979 and first recorded by Bryan Adams on his 1980 self-titled debut album.

Bryan Adams (album)
Bryan Adams is the debut solo studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Bryan Adams, after previously being the lead vocalist of Canadian hard rock band Sweeney Todd. The album was released on 12 February 1980 by A&M Records. "Hidin' from Love" reached number 64 and "Give Me Your Love" reached number 91 on Canada's RPM 100 Singles chart.
Wayne Girard
Wayne Girard is a Saint Lucian politician. Girard serves as the Minister in the Ministry of Finance, Economic Development and Youth Economy. He also represents the constituency of Anse la Raye-Canaries in the House of Assembly.

He was the endorsed Saint Lucia Labour Party candidate for the constituency of Anse la Raye-Canaries. Girard won the parliamentary elections after polling 51.6% of the votes to secure victory for the Saint Lucia Labour Party in the 2021 Saint Lucian General Election. The SLP secured a landslide victory over the United Workers Party.

2021 Saint Lucian general election
General elections were held in Saint Lucia on 26 July 2021, having been constitutionally required by 12 October 2021. Voters elected all 17 members of the House of Assembly. The result was a victory for the opposition Saint Lucia Labour Party, which won 13 of the 17 seats in the House, while the ruling United Workers Party lost nine of its eleven seats, its worst result since 1997. It was the fourth consecutive election in which the incumbent government was defeated.
Tree crop
Tree crop refers to any crop produced by a tree including:

Timber or lumber, wood processed into beams and planks

Tree fruit, fruit borne on various flowering trees

Tree nut, a tree fruit composed of an inedible hard shell and an edible seed

Crop
A crop is a plant or plant product harvested for human use. Crops are cultivated at scale to produce food, fiber, fuel, and other products. Crops have been central to human civilization since the first agricultural revolution, a key stage in the broader history of agriculture, when early societies domesticated plants for food and trade. Today, a small number of staple crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and sugarcane account for the majority of global production. Because of their economic importance, crops are studied within several scientific disciplines, including agronomy, agricultural science, horticulture, and forestry.
Handball at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's tournament
The women's handball tournament at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto, Canada was held at the Exhibition Centre (in Hall B) from July 16 to 24.

For these Games, the women competed in an 8-team tournament. The teams were grouped into two pools of four teams each for a round-robin preliminary round. The top two teams in each group advanced to a single elimination bracket.

Brazil were the defending champions from the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, defeating Argentina, 33–15 in the final.

The winner of the tournament were to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, while the 2nd and the 3rd place (due to the continental rankings at the World Championship) qualified for the Olympic Qualification Tournament. As the host nation Brazil won, the runner up qualified instead, in accordance with the regulations.

Handball at the 2011 Pan American Games
Handball competitions at the Guadalajara 2011 Pan American Games was held from October 15 to 24 at the San Rafael Gymnasium. Medals were awarded for both men and women's team events. Each NOC is permitted to enter one men's team and one women's team in the handball competitions. Each team will consist of 15 athletes. The winner of each event is qualified to compete at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Great Britain.
2017–18 Biathlon IBU Cup
The 2017–18 Biathlon IBU Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. IBU Cup is the second-rank competition in biathlon after the Biathlon World Cup. The season started on 22 November 2017 in Sjusjøen, Norway and ended on 17 March 2018 in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia. The defending overall champions from the 2016–17 Biathlon IBU Cup were Alexey Volkov of Russia and Daria Virolaynen of Russia.

Biathlon World Cup
The Biathlon World Cup is a top-level biathlon season-long competition series. It has been held since the winter seasons of 1977–78 for men and 1982–83 for women. The women's seasons until 1986–87 season were called the European Cup, although participation was not restricted to Europeans.
From the Cradle
From the Cradle is the twelfth solo studio album by Eric Clapton, released on 12 September 1994 by Reprise Records. A blues cover album and Clapton's follow-up to his successful 1992 live album, Unplugged, it is his only UK number-one album to date.

Although he had long been associated with the blues, From the Cradle was Clapton's first attempt at an all-blues album. He would subsequently record Riding with the King with B. B. King; a tribute to Robert Johnson, Me and Mr. Johnson; and a collaboration with J. J. Cale, The Road to Escondido.

Otis Rush
Otis Rush Jr. (April 29, 1934 – September 29, 2018) was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. His distinctive guitar style featured a slow-burning sound and long bent notes. With qualities similar to the styles of other 1950s artists Magic Sam and Buddy Guy, his sound became known as West Side Chicago blues and was an influence on many musicians, including Michael Bloomfield, Peter Green and Eric Clapton.

Rush was left-handed and played as such; however, his guitars were strung with the low E string at the bottom, upside-down from typical guitarists.  He often played with the little finger of his pick hand curled under the low E for positioning. It is widely believed that this contributed to his distinctive sound. He had a wide-ranging, powerful tenor voice.
Kingdom of Saguenay
The Kingdom of Saguenay (French: Royaume du Saguenay) was a mythical kingdom that French-Breton maritime explorer Jacques Cartier tried to reach in 1535, supposedly located inland of present-day Quebec, Canada. The indigenous people had told Cartier about a rich kingdom and Cartier was given two ships by the French government to explore countries beyond Newfoundland. In 1542 Cartier founded the Charlesbourg-Royal settlement and his mates initially thought they had found large amounts of diamonds and gold in the area. The treasures were shipped back to France, but turned out to be quartz crystals and iron pyrites.

Indigenous peoples in Quebec
Indigenous peoples in Quebec (Canadian French: peuples autochtones du Québec) total eleven distinct ethnic groups. The one Inuit community and ten First Nations communities number 141,915 people and account for approximately two per cent of the population of Quebec, Canada.
Aditi
Aditi  (Sanskrit: अदिति, lit. 'boundless' or 'limitless' or 'innocence')  is an important Vedic goddess in Hinduism.

She is the personification of the sprawling infinite and vast cosmos. She is the goddess of motherhood, consciousness, unconsciousness, the past, the future, and fertility. She is the mother of the celestial deities known as the Adityas, and is referred to as the mother of many deities. As celestial mother of numerous beings, the synthesis of all things, she is associated with space (akasha) and with mystic speech (Vāc). She may be seen as a feminine form of Brahma, and associated with the primal substance (mulaprakriti) in the Vedanta. She is mentioned more than 250 times in the Rigveda, the verses replete with her praise.

Past
The past is the set of all events that occurred before a given point in time. The past is contrasted with and defined by the present and the future. It can mean long ago as in past from early to mid-20th century. The concept of the past is derived from the linear fashion in which human observers experience time, and is accessed through memory and recollection. In addition, human beings have recorded the past since the advent of written language.

In English, the word past was one of the many variant forms and spellings of passed, the past participle of the Middle English verb passen (whence Modern English pass), among ypassed, ypassyd, i-passed, passyd, passid, pass'd, paste, etc. It developed into an adjective and preposition in the 14th century, and a noun (as in the past or a past, through ellipsis with the adjective past) in the 15th century.
Sardeh Band Airport
Sardeh Band Airport (Pashto: د سردې بند هوايي ډګر; IATA: SBF, ICAO: OADS) is an airport located in the town of Sardeh Band, and about 1 kilometre (1 mi) north of the Russian-built dam called Sardeh Band Dam (built in 1967) on the eastern edge of Andar District, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan. The airfield lies in a valley 2 miles (3 km) northwest of lake Mota Khan, near the border with Paktika Province.

Though the airstrip is still evident against the surrounding desert, it has not been maintained since Russian military Forces withdrew from Afghanistan and there are no structures to support it. During the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan, the airstrip was used in a limited capacity by U.S. Special Operations Forces.

Andar District
Andar (Pashto: اندړ ولسوالۍ) is one of the eastern districts of Ghazni Province in Afghanistan. The population has been estimated at 88,300. The district center is Miray while the other main town is Andar. The district is named after the Andar Ghilji tribe of the Pashtuns. The district also contains the town of Sardeh Band on its edge near the border with Paktika Province.

The main source of income in the district is agriculture, which has been seriously affected by drought. Most roads are bad and unpaved. The main highway between Ghazni city and Paktika province is paved, though damaged from attacks. There is 1 clinic, 1 hospital,  17 primary schools and 1 high school.

The district contains a large water reservoir, created by the Sardeh Band Dam located near the border of Andar and Paktika.

The district has been controlled by the Taliban since October 2018.
Government Complex, Daejeon
The Government Complex Daejeon (Korean: 정부대전청사), which is located in Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu at the city of Daejeon, is a set of four buildings holding several government agencies of South Korea. The area of the  Government Complex, Daejeon is 518,338 m2. The size of the building is 4 buildings and auxiliary buildings with 20 stories high. The total floor area is also 242,701 m2. The construction period is 1993.9.15 to 1997.12.20. Following is examples of government agencies using the Government Complex Daejeon.

Korea Customs Service

Public Procurement Service

Cultural Heritage Administration

National Statistical Office

Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO)

Korea Meteorological Administration

Korea Forest Service

Military Manpower Administration

National Archives of Korea

Korea Meteorological Administration
The Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA; Korean: 기상청) is the national meteorological service of South Korea. The service started in 1904 joining the WMO in 1956. Numerical weather prediction is performed using the Unified Model software suite.
Thilo Marauhn
Thilo Marauhn (born April 30, 1963, in Lüdenscheid, West Germany) is a German expert on international law. He currently holds the professorship for Public Law and International Law at the Justus Liebig University Giessen and heads the research group “International Law” at the Leibniz Institute Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung / Peace Research Institute Frankfurt (PRIF). Apart from this, he is a researcher at the Asser Institute and recently appointed as the Special Chair Arms Control Law at the University of Amsterdam.

University of Giessen
University of Giessen, official name Justus Liebig University Giessen (German: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen), is a large public research university in Giessen, Hesse, Germany. It is one of the oldest institutions of higher education in the German-speaking world. It is named after its most famous faculty member, Justus von Liebig, the founder of modern agricultural chemistry and inventor of artificial fertiliser. It covers the areas of arts/humanities, business, dentistry, economics, law, medicine, science, social sciences and veterinary medicine. Its university hospital, which has two sites, Giessen and Marburg (the latter of which is the teaching hospital of the University of Marburg), is the only private university hospital in Germany.
Enemy
An enemy or a foe is an individual or a group that is considered as forcefully adverse or threatening. The concept of an enemy has been observed to be "basic for both individuals and communities". The term "enemy" serves the social function of designating a particular entity as a threat, thereby invoking an intense emotional response to that entity. The state of being or having an enemy is enmity, foehood or foeship.

Demonization
Demonization or demonisation is the reinterpretation of polytheistic deities as evil, lying demons by other religions, generally by the monotheistic and henotheistic ones. The term has since been expanded to refer to any characterization of individuals, groups, or political bodies as evil.
Entführung aus der Lindenstraße
Entführung aus der Lindenstraße (meaning 'Kidnap from Linden Street') is a German television film directed by George Moorse.  It was produced in 1995 to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the German television series Lindenstraße, and stars many cast members of that show.

Westdeutscher Rundfunk
Westdeutscher Rundfunk Köln (pronounced [ˈvɛstˌdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk ˈkœln]; "West German Broadcasting Cologne"), shortened to WDR (pronounced [ˌveːdeːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a German public-broadcasting institution based in the Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia with its main office in Cologne. WDR is a constituent member of the consortium of German public-broadcasting institutions, ARD. As well as contributing to the output of the national television channel Das Erste, WDR produces the regional television service WDR Fernsehen (formerly known as WDF and West3) and six regional radio networks.
NGC 2627
NGC 2627 is an open cluster of stars in the constellation Pyxis. It was discovered on March 3, 1793 by German-British astronomer William Herschel. Dutch astronomer J. L. E. Dreyer described it as "a cluster, considerably large, pretty rich, pretty compressed, stars from 11th to 13th magnitude". The cluster has an integrated visual magnitude of 8.4 and it spans an angular size of 11.0′. Around 15 stars are visible when viewed through binoculars. NGC 2627 is located at a distance of approximately 5,990 ly (1,837 pc) from the Sun, just above the galactic midplane.

This cluster has a Trumpler class of III 2m, which means it is generally average in appearance with no noticeable concentration of stars. It is of intermediate age, being around 1.4 billion years old. Correspondingly, the metallicity of the cluster is slightly sub-solar. The cluster population shows four different peaks of star formation, separated by relatively quiescent periods lasting two to three hundred million years.

Angular diameter
The angular diameter, angular width, angular size, apparent diameter, or apparent size is an angular separation (in units of angle) describing how large a sphere or circle appears from a given point of view. In the vision sciences, it is called the visual angle, and in optics, it is the angular aperture (of a lens). The angular diameter can alternatively be thought of as the angular displacement through which an eye or camera must rotate to look from one side of an apparent circle to the opposite side.

A person can resolve with their naked eyes diameters down to about 1 arcminute (approximately 0.017° or 0.0003 radians). This corresponds to 0.3 m at a 1 km distance, or to perceiving Venus as a disk under optimal conditions.