hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pleurosticta koflerae
Pleurosticta koflerae is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is a member of the group of species informally known as the "brown Parmeliae". The lichen was first formally described as Parmelia koflerae by lichenologists Georges Clauzade and Josef Poelt in 1961. Theodore Esslinger transferred it to the genus Melanelia in 1978 when he reorganized the classification of the brown Parmeliae, a continuation of his research on the group published the year before. It was finally transferred to the newly resurrected genus Pleurosticta in 1988 by H. Thorsten Lumbsch and John A. Elix.

Pleurosticta koflerae occurs in Eurasia. It has been reported from France, Russia, Slovakia, Armenia, and Kyrgyzstan.

John Alan Elix
John Alan (Jack) Elix (born 1941) emeritus professor in chemistry at the Australian National University, is an organic chemist who has contributed in many fields: lichenology, lichen chemotaxonomy, plant physiology and biodiversity and natural product chemistry. He has authored 2282 species names, and 67 genera in the field of mycology. Elix edited the exsiccata series Lichenes Australasici exsiccati.

The standard author abbreviation Elix is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Statue of Peter Jansen Wessel Tordenskiold, Copenhagen
The statue of Peter Wessel Tordenskiold, created by Herman Wilhelm Bissen in the 1860s, is a bronze statue of the Norwegian-Danish naval hero Peter Wessel Tordenskiold located in the grounds of the Church of Holmen in Copenhagen, Denmark. Tordenskiold's tomb is located inside the church.

Peter Tordenskjold
Vice-Admiral Peter Jansen Wessel Tordenskiold (28 October 1690 – 12 November 1720) was a Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy officer. Born in Trondheim, he travelled to Copenhagen in 1704 and eventually join the Dano-Norwegian navy, rising to the rank of vice-admiral for his actions during the Great Northern War. He won a name for himself through audacity and courage and was ennobled as Peter Tordenskiold by Frederick IV of Denmark in 1716. His greatest exploit came later that year, as he destroyed a supply fleet of the Swedish Navy at the Battle of Dynekilen, ensuring the siege of Fredriksten would end in failure. In 1720, he was killed in a duel. He ranks among the most famous naval captains in Denmark and Norway. He experienced an unusually rapid rise in rank and died when he was only 30 years old.
1997 New York City Marathon
The 1997 New York City Marathon was the 28th running of the annual marathon race in New York City, New York, which took place on Sunday, November 2. The men's elite race was won by Kenya's John Kagwe in a time of 2:08:12 hours while the women's race was won by Switzerland's Franziska Rochat-Moser in 2:28:43.

A total of 30,427 runners finished the race, 22,014 men and 8413 women.

Franziska Rochat-Moser
Franziska Rochat-Moser (17 August 1966 Crissier, Switzerland – 7 March 2002 Les Diablerets, Vaud) was a long-distance runner from Switzerland, who represented her native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992. She won the 1997 New York City Marathon.

Moser was a lawyer by profession and married to Philippe Rochat, renowned chef and owner of a prominent Swiss restaurant. She retired from running in 2001, due to a recurring hip injury. The following year, while ski mountaineering with friends in the Swiss Alps, she was caught in a slab avalanche and dragged 600 meters down the mountain. She died from her injuries in hospital the following day. She was 35 years old.
Hull Yacht Club
The Hull Yacht Club was founded in Hull, Massachusetts in 1880.  It merged with the Massachusetts Yacht Club in 1899, and with the Boston Yacht Club in 1903.  Their large clubhouse, which had been opened in 1891, was demolished in the 1930s.  A new club was formed in 1932, using the former clubhouse of the Old Beacon Club on Allerton Hill.  This was relocated to Fitzpatrick Way in 1939. The Yacht Club continues to host the Scorpion bowl regatta.

Club (organization)
A club is an association of people united by a common interest or goal. A service club, for example, exists for voluntary or charitable activities. There are clubs devoted to hobbies and sports, social activities clubs, political and religious clubs, and so forth.
Dirnanean House
Dirnanean House is part of a private, traditional Highland estate located near Enochdhu in Moulin parish, Blairgowrie, Perth and Kinross, Scotland, 10 miles ENE of Pitlochry. The Dirnanean estate is situated adjacent to the 64-mile waymarked Cateran Trail.

Dirnanean's steading house, lime kiln and shepherd's house are all Category B listed buildings.

The name Dirnanean is likely a derivation of Gaelic term Dur-nan-eun meaning "the birds' water" or alternately, but similarly, Doire nan Eun meaning "bird grove".

Laird
Laird (/ˈlɛərd/) is a Scottish word for minor lord (or landlord) and is a designation that applies to an owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. They are usually styled [name] [surname] of [lairdship]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title, it has no formal status in law.

Historically, the term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England.

An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons.
Charles Lemaire (explorer)
Charles Lemaire (26 March 1863 – 21 January 1926) was a Belgian officer and explorer of Central Africa. He was known for his voyages of discovery and the detailed reports he wrote of his expeditions and his time as an official in the Congo Free State. Lemaire was also the first director of the Colonial University of Belgium which existed in Antwerp from 1920 to 1962, and was the first true promoter of Esperanto in Belgium.

Colonial University of Belgium
The Colonial University of Belgium (French: Université coloniale de Belgique, Dutch: Koloniale Hogeschool van België) was an institute of higher education located in Antwerp. Founded in 1920, the institute was established to prepare students for a careers as colonial functionaries in the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi. It was renamed the University Institute of Overseas Territories (French: Institut universitaire des territoires d'outre-mer, INUTOM; Dutch: Universitair Instituut voor de Overzeese Gebieden, UNIVOG) in 1949. It was dissolved in 1962.
Yuanjiawaornis
Yuanjiawaornis is an extinct genus of large enantiornithean bird known from the early Cretaceous of present-day China. It is monotypic, with only type species Y. virisosus named.

Excavated in 2005 by a museum team in the famous fossil-bearing layers of Liaoning, it was named in 2015. Apart from its size, the build of Yuanjiawaornis is not exceptional. The exact relationships of the bird are uncertain, largely because the skull has not been found. Also the plumage is absent from the fossil.

Sternum
The sternum (pl.: sternums or sterna) or breastbone is a long flat bone located in the central part of the chest. It connects to the ribs via cartilage and forms the front of the rib cage, thus helping to protect the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels from injury. Shaped roughly like a necktie, it is one of the largest and longest flat bones of the body. Its three regions are the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. The word sternum originates from Ancient Greek στέρνον (stérnon) 'chest'.
Auguste Vaucorbeil
Auguste Emmanuel Vaucorbeil, born Veaucorbeille, (15 December 1821 – 2 November 1884) was a French composer and theatre manager. He was the director of the Paris Opera from 1879 until his death at the age of 62. Vaucorbeil was born in Rouen and studied at the Paris Conservatoire. As a composer, he was best known for his art songs, but he also composed chamber music and two operas.

Opéra comique
Opéra comique (French: [ɔpeʁa kɔmik]; plural: opéras comiques) is a genre of French opera that contains spoken dialogue and arias. It emerged from the popular opéras comiques en vaudevilles of the Fair Theatres of St Germain and St Laurent (and to a lesser extent the Comédie-Italienne), which combined existing popular tunes with spoken sections. Associated with the Paris theatre of the same name, opéra comique is not necessarily comical or shallow; Carmen, perhaps the most famous opéra comique, is a tragedy.
Orto Botanico di Cascina Rosa
The orto botanico Cascina Rosa recently renamed  to  orto botanico Città  Studi  (about 22,000 m2) is a botanical garden maintained by the University of Milan, and located at the end of Via Camillo Golgi 18, Milan, Italy.

The garden was established on disused farmland in 2002 for research and education. Its primary research facilities are three greenhouses that include a total of 10 separate compartments that support modern technology including cryopreservation, molecular testing, etc. Current research includes genetic improvement of rice, and exploration of useful genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The garden's grounds contain many labeled plants, lawns, a lake, and about 1 km of walking paths.

Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa. Commonly found along the shoulders of roads and in disturbed land, it is generally considered a weed.

A winter annual with a relatively short lifecycle, A. thaliana is a popular model organism in plant biology and genetics. For a complex multicellular eukaryote, A. thaliana has a relatively small genome of around 135 megabase pairs. It was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, and is an important tool for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing.
Agnosia
Agnosia is a neurological disorder characterized by an inability to process sensory information. Often there is a loss of ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is neither defective nor is there any significant memory loss. It is usually associated with brain injury or neurological illness, particularly after damage to the occipitotemporal border, which is part of the ventral stream.  Agnosia affects only a single modality, such as vision or hearing. More recently, a top-down interruption is considered to cause the disturbance of handling perceptual information.

Stimulus modality
Stimulus modality, also called sensory modality, is one aspect of a stimulus or what is perceived after a stimulus. For example, the temperature modality  is registered after heat or cold stimulate a receptor. Some sensory modalities include: light, sound, temperature, taste, pressure, and smell. The type and location of the sensory receptor activated by the stimulus plays the primary role in coding the sensation. All sensory modalities work together to heighten stimuli sensation when necessary.
Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology
The Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the Indian Society of Periodontology. It covers all aspects of periodontology.

Medknow Publications
Medknow Publications also known as Wolters Kluwer Medknow or simply Medknow, is a publisher of academic journals on behalf of learned societies and associations. Previously an independent Indian publisher, Medknow is now part of Wolters Kluwer's Health Division, under Wolters Kluwer India.

Medknow is not a member of the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association. Some, but not all of its journals are listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals. The publisher briefly appeared on Beall's list in 2011, but was taken down, being described as "[a] publisher for many well-respected Indian professional societies and is disseminating abundant, high-quality research."
Buick, Missouri
Buick is an extinct town in southwest Iron County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.

The town was located on Missouri Route KK, four miles southeast of Boss and 3.5 miles south of Bixby.

The area is the location of the Buick Mine, owned by the Doe Run Company.

A post office called Buick was established in 1918, and remained in operation until 1955. The community was named for the fact the first car owner in the area drove a Buick.

Boss, Missouri
Boss is an unincorporated rural hamlet in eastern Dent County, Missouri. It is approximately 18 miles east of Salem along Route 32.

The community is named after the nickname of Marion "Boss" Nelson, a lumberman supervisor.  A post office at Boss has been in operation since 1901.  There is also a residential hotel.
FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2013
The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2013 were the 42nd FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, held 4–17 February in Austria at Planai in Schladming, Styria. A record number of athletes and countries took part in this championships. Schladming previously hosted the 1982 World Championships, and prior to acquiring the 2013 event, it made two unsuccessful bids to host.

The FIS awarded the 2013 championships to Schladming on 29 May 2008, in Cape Town, South Africa. The other three finalists were Beaver Creek in Vail, United States, Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, and St. Moritz, Switzerland. Beaver Creek/Vail hosted in 2015 and St. Moritz gained the championships for 2017.

St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a high Alpine resort town in the Engadine in Switzerland, at an elevation of about 1,800 metres (5,910 ft) above sea level. It is Upper Engadine's major town and a municipality in the administrative region of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.

St. Moritz lies on the southern slopes of the Albula Alps below the Piz Nair (3,056 m or 10,026 ft) overlooking the flat and wide glaciated valley of the Upper Engadine and Lake St. Moritz. It hosted the Winter Olympics in 1928 and 1948.
CCGS Westport
CCGS Westport is a Canadian Coast Guard search and rescue vessel homeported in Westport, Nova Scotia.

She is a Canadian Coast Guard Arun-class motor lifeboat, based on the United Kingdom 15.77-metre (51.7 ft) Arun-class design.
She entered service in 1997.

Westport is staffed by a crew of four and allows rescued persons to survive one day before help arrives.

Westport, Nova Scotia
44°15′39″N 66°21′06″W﻿ / ﻿44.26083°N 66.35167°W﻿ / 44.26083; -66.35167

Westport is a village in Digby County, Nova Scotia and it is located on Brier Island in the Bay of Fundy. As of 2021, the population was 193.
Autostrada A27 (Italy)
The Autostrada A27 or Autostrada d'Alemagna ("Alemagna motorway") is an autostrada (Italian for "motorway") 82.5 kilometres (51.3 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Veneto which connects Venice to Pian di Vedoia, a frazione of Ponte nelle Alpi, where it joins the strada statale 51 di Alemagna.

Ponte nelle Alpi
Ponte nelle Alpi (English: Bridge into the Alps, Venetian: Pont) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Belluno in the Italian region Veneto, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Venice and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northeast of Belluno.

Ponte nelle Alpi borders the following municipalities: Belluno, Alpago, Longarone, Soverzene.
Frederick Randon Jr
Frederick John Randon (18 November 1873 – 15 January 1949) was an English cricketer. Randon was a left-handed batsman who bowled left-arm medium pace. He was born at Hathern, Leicestershire.

Randon made his debut for Leicestershire in their inaugural first-class match against Essex in 1894 at the County Ground, Essex. He made two further first-class appearances in 1894 against Surrey and Lancashire. In his three matches, he took 4 wickets at an average of 32.00, with best figures of 3/20. With the bat, he scored 5 runs at a batting average of 1.66.

He died at the village of his birth on 15 January 1949. His father Frederick Randon senior also played first-class cricket.

Hathern
Hathern is a village and civil parish in the Charnwood district of Leicestershire, England. The village itself is located in the north of the district, and is just north of Loughborough. It is served by the A6.  The parish has a population of about 1,800. Nearby places are Dishley, Long Whatton, and Zouch, over the border in Nottinghamshire. Residents of the village have, in recent years, campaigned to prevent the green "wedge" separating Loughborough, Shepshed and Hathern from being built on.
The village is home to the Swift Sock Factory, one of only a small number of independent sock manufacturers left in the UK.
Willie McGee
Willie Dean McGee (born November 2, 1958) is an American professional baseball coach and former outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for four teams, over 18 seasons, most prominently with the St. Louis Cardinals. He won two batting titles and was named Major League Baseball's 1985 National League MVP. McGee primarily played center and right field, winning three Gold Glove Awards for defensive excellence. McGee spent the majority of his 18-year career playing for the Cardinals, helping them win the 1982 World Series with his outstanding performance in Game 3. A four-time All-Star, McGee accumulated 2,254 hits during his career.

Center fielder
A center fielder, abbreviated CF, is the outfielder in baseball who plays defense in center field – the baseball and softball fielding position between left field and right field. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the center fielder is assigned the number 8.
Secretary of State for Education
The secretary of state for education, also referred to as the education secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, responsible for the work of the Department for Education, mainly overseeing education in England. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom. As education is fully devolved to the Scottish Government, Welsh Government and Northern Ireland Executive, the post holder has no jurisdiction or influence in education policy or direction in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

The office holder works alongside the other Education ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow secretary of state for education, and the work of the secretary of state is also scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.

The current education secretary is Bridget Phillipson.

Education Select Committee
The Education Select Committee is a select committee of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The remit of the committee is to examine the expenditure, administration and policy of the Department for Education and any associated public bodies.

The chair of the committee until 2024 was Robin Walker MP. Previous chairs include Robert Halfon MP (2017–2022), Neil Carmichael (2015–17) and Graham Stuart MP (2010–2015).
Cadet Peak
Cadet Peak is a 7,186 ft (2,190 m) mountain summit near the western edge of the North Cascades, in Snohomish County of Washington state. The peak is located southeast of Barlow Pass along the Mountain Loop Highway, and two miles east of the historic Monte Cristo area. It is situated within the Henry M. Jackson Wilderness, on land administered by the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest. The mountain was originally called Foggy Peak, for the Foggy Mine claim on the mountain's north slope, but the name was changed in 1896 to its present name, and the Foggy Peak name was transferred to the peak immediately northwest of Cadet. Back in the old mining days, the long sub-range stretching from Cadet Peak to Sheep Mountain was known as Pride of the Mountains Range. Cadet's nearest higher neighbor is Kyes Peak, 1.59 mi (2.56 km) to the south-southeast. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Sauk River.

Barlow Pass (Washington)
Barlow Pass (elevation 2,362 feet (720 m)) is a mountain pass on the west side of the Cascades in Washington on the Mountain Loop Highway between Silverton and Darrington. It is a popular trail head for access to the old mining town of Monte Cristo and has a branch off to hike up to Gothic Basin, which is about a mile in.

The mining boom at Monte Cristo, starting in 1890, resulted in the need for access to the remote town. In 1891 a wagon road was built along the Sauk River, from the Skagit River to Monte Cristo. That same year it was discovered that Monte Cristo could be accessed via the South Fork Stillaguamish River. A surveyor named J.Q. Barlow blazed a route from Silverton to Monte Cristo. Mining interests funded further work and soon a wagon road was built over Barlow Pass to join the Sauk wagon road. Later a railroad would be built over the same route.

It is the type locality of the mushroom species Cortinarius barlowensis.

Monte Cristo trail head

Road signage
1970 Pro Bowl
The 1970 Pro Bowl was the National Football League's twentieth annual all-star game which featured the outstanding performers from the 1969 season. The game was played on Sunday, January 18, 1970, at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles, California. The final score was West 16, East 13. Running back Gale Sayers of the Chicago Bears was named the game's offensive Most Valuable Player (MVP) for the third time after rushing for 75 yards on nine carries. Defensive end George Andrie of the Dallas Cowboys was selected as the defensive MVP.

Attendance at the game was 57,786. Norm Van Brocklin of the Atlanta Falcons coached the West squad while the East was led by the New Orleans Saints' Tom Fears. This was the last Pro Bowl to feature the Eastern Conference vs. Western Conference format. After the AFL–NFL merger was completed, future Pro Bowls would pit the AFC against the NFC.

Tom Fears
Thomas Jesse Fears (December 3, 1922 – January 4, 2000) was a Mexican-American professional football player who was a split end for the Los Angeles Rams in the National Football League (NFL), playing nine seasons from 1948 to 1956. He was later an NFL assistant coach and head coach of the New Orleans Saints, and is in the Pro Football Hall of Fame. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins football team and is a member of the College Football Hall of Fame.
Monmouth Beach Stakes
The Monmouth Beach Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Monmouth Park Racetrack in Oceanport, New Jersey.

Raced near the end of May, it is open to fillies and mares, age three and older. It is contested on dirt at a distance of one mile and seventy yards. Weights are assigned at 117 lb (53 kg). for three-year-olds and at 124 lb (56 kg) for older horses, plus specific allowances. It currently offers a purse of $70,000.

The Monmouth Beach Stakes has been raced at various distances, recently at 1 mile (1.6 km) in 2002 and 2007, 1+1⁄16 mi (1.7 km) in 2003, 2004 and 1+1⁄8 miles (1.8 km) in 2005.

Past winners include the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee Wilderness Song who won in 1993.

Oceanport, New Jersey
Oceanport is a borough situated in the Jersey Shore region, within Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, specifically Central Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 6,150, an increase of 318 (+5.5%) from the 2010 census count of 5,832, which in turn reflected an increase of 25 (+0.4%) from the 5,807 counted in the 2000 census.

Oceanport was formed as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 6, 1920, from portions of Eatontown Township (now Eatontown), based on the results of a referendum held on May 11, 1920.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Oceanport as its 4th best place to live in its 2008 rankings of the "Best Places To Live" in New Jersey.