hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matty Fleming
Matthew "Matty" Fleming (born 13 January 1996) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a centre for the Widnes Vikings in the Championship.

Fleming played for St Helens in the Super League, and on loan from Saints at the Leigh Centurions in the top flight. He played for the London Broncos in the Championship and the Super League, and spent time on loan from the Broncos at the London Skolars in League 1.

London Skolars
The London Skolars are a rugby league club based at the New River Stadium in Wood Green, Haringey, North London. Founded in 1995, the club operated as a semi-professional team for 2003 and competed in the League 1 until it withdrew from the professional leagues at the end of 2023. The London Skolars were accepted into the Southern Conference League (SCL) for the 2024 season.
Wrongful execution
Wrongful execution is a miscarriage of justice occurring when an innocent person is put to death by capital punishment. Opponents of capital punishment often cite cases of wrongful execution as arguments, while proponents argue that innocence concerns the credibility of the justice system as a whole and does not solely undermine the use of the death penalty.

A variety of individuals are claimed to have been innocent victims of the death penalty. Newly available DNA evidence has allowed the exoneration and release of more than 20 death-row inmates since 1992 in the United States, but DNA evidence is available in only a fraction of capital cases. At least 190 people who were sentenced to death in the United States have been exonerated and released since 1973, with official misconduct and perjury/false accusation the leading causes of their wrongful convictions.

Judicial murder is a type of wrongful execution.

Exoneration
Exoneration occurs when the conviction for a crime is reversed, either through demonstration of innocence, a flaw in the conviction, or otherwise. Attempts to exonerate individuals are particularly controversial in death penalty cases, especially where new evidence is put forth after the execution has taken place. The transitive verb, "to exonerate" can also mean to informally absolve one from blame.

The term "exoneration" also is used in criminal law to indicate a surety, i.e. bail bond has been satisfied, completed, and exonerated. The judge orders the bond exonerated; the clerk of court time stamps the original bail bond power and indicates exonerated as the judicial order.
Clarice Starling
Clarice M. Starling is a fictional character and protagonist of the novels The Silence of the Lambs (1988) and Hannibal (1999) by Thomas Harris.

In the 1991 film adaptation of The Silence of the Lambs, she was played by Jodie Foster, while in the 2001 film adaptation of Hannibal, she was played by Julianne Moore. In the CBS television series Clarice, she is played by Rebecca Breeds.

Clarice Starling, as portrayed by Foster, is ranked by the American Film Institute as the greatest heroine in film history. Rolling Stone and Entertainment Weekly ranked Starling as one of the "50 Greatest Movie Protagonists" and "100 Greatest Movie Characters" respectively. Foster's interpretation of Starling is highly ranked amongst the greatest screen performances of all-time, receiving a multitude of accolades including the Academy Award for Best Actress in 1992.

AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes & Villains is a list of the one hundred greatest screen characters (fifty each in the hero and villain categories) as chosen by the American Film Institute in June 2003. It is part of the AFI 100 Years... series. The list was first presented in a CBS special hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger. The program was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Nonfiction Special.
Lourdes station
The gare de Lourdes is a railway station in Lourdes, Occitanie, France. The station is on the Toulouse–Bayonne railway line. The station is served by TGV (high speed trains), Intercités de Nuit (night trains), Intercités (long distance) and TER (local) services operated by the SNCF.

The station is important for those coming to Lourdes on Catholic pilgrimages, with extra trains running to Lourdes at certain times.

Transport express régional
Transport express régional (French pronunciation: [tʁɑ̃spɔʁ ɛksprɛs ʁeʒjɔnal], usually shortened to TER) is the brand name used by the SNCF, the French national railway company, to denote rail service run by the regional councils of France, specifically their organised transport authorities. The network serves French regions; Île-de-France (Transilien) and Corsica (CFC) have their own specific transport systems. Every day, over 800,000 passengers are carried on 5,700 TER-branded trains.

TER is part of SNCF Voyageurs, a branch of the SNCF dealing with urban and regional passenger rail, which also includes Transilien, Intercités, Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC), Keolis, and Effia.
Talas (name)
Talas is a surname and a masculine given name in Turkey. It is used as a surname in Finland and was cited as one of the most common surnames of Finnish nationals by the Population Register Centre in 2023. In Turkish it has various meanings, including dust raised by the wind, storm, hurricane and corner.

Notable people with the name include:

Cahit Talas (1917–2006), Turkish academic

Onni Talas (1877–1958), Finnish lawyer and politician

Zsuzsanna Király-Tálas (born 1993), Hungarian volleyball player

Onni Talas
Onni Eugen Aleksander Talas (15 June 1877 – 3 May 1958; till 1895 Gratschoff) was a Finnish lawyer, politician, professor and diplomat, and was a member of the Senate of Finland and member of the National Coalition Party.
Augusto Ulloa y Castañón
Augusto Ulloa y Castañón (1823 in Santiago de Compostela, Spain – 1879 in Madrid, Spain) was a Spanish lawyer, politician and journalist who served twice as Minister of State, in 1871, during the reign of King Amadeo I, and in 1874, under the presidency of Francisco Serrano, 1st Duke of la Torre, in the First Spanish Republic.

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, alternatively abbreviated to Santiago or Compostela, is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It is located in the province of A Coruña, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century. In 1985, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Santiago de Compostela has a very mild climate for its latitude with heavy winter rainfall courtesy of its relative proximity to the prevailing winds from Atlantic low-pressure systems.
Dwingelderveld National Park
Dwingelderveld National Park is a national park of the Netherlands in the province of Drenthe, founded in 1991. The park covers about 37 km2 (14 sq mi) and is mainly managed by the State Forest Service (Staatsbosbeheer) and the most important Dutch private nature management organisation Natuurmonumenten. It is the largest wet heathland of Western-Europe.  Dwingelderveld is also designated as a Natura 2000-area.

Staatsbosbeheer
Staatsbosbeheer, founded in 1899, is a Dutch government organization for forestry and the management of nature reserves.

Staatsbosbeheer currently oversees over 250,000 hectares of land in the Netherlands. Usually this land is open to the public for recreational purposes, but restrictions often apply. Examples are the compulsory use of a leash when bringing a dog, or daytime access only.

The organization has been criticized for not taking sufficient care of its lands, and for interfering with political decisions, but news reports are generally positive or simply report public service announcements from the organization.

While the literal translation of the name would be 'State Forest Management', forests make up only 900 square kilometres of the total land under its supervision. The remaining land consists of various landscapes, such as dunes, polders and wetlands.
The Real Housewives of New York City season 12
The twelfth season of The Real Housewives of New York City, an American reality television series, is broadcast on Bravo. It premiered on April 2, 2020. The series is primarily filmed in New York City. Its executive producers are  Lisa Shannon, Barrie Bernstein, Darren Ward, John Paparazzo and Andy Cohen. The season focuses on the lives of Luann de Lesseps, Ramona Singer, Sonja Morgan, Dorinda Medley, Tinsley Mortimer and Leah McSweeney.

This would mark the final season for both Tinsley Mortimer and Dorinda Medley.

Bravo (American TV network)
Bravo is an American basic cable television network, launched on December 8, 1980. It is owned by the NBCUniversal Media Group division of Comcast's NBCUniversal. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film. Since the 2000s, it has focused heavily on reality series targeted at 25-54 year-old women and the LGBTQ community at large. Its former sister channels are Nickelodeon and IFC, which are currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation and AMC Networks, respectively. As of November 2023, Bravo is available to approximately 70 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2013 peak of 95 million households.
Nicola Lamb
Nicola Lamb is a British pastry chef and cookery book author.

Lamb trained with Dominique Ansel, Yotam Ottolenghi, and Little Bread Pedlar.

In May 2024, Ebury Press published Sift: The Elements of Great Baking. Later in 2024, an Americanized version was published in the US and Canada. In November 2024, it was The Times and Sunday Times food book of the year. Eater.com called it "a Deep, Delicious Dive Into the How and Why of Baking".

Lamb runs "Kitchen Projects", a baking newsletter.

Lamb's recipes and writing have been featured in Serious Eats, The Guardian, Olive, Vogue Magazine, and ES Magazine. She continues to host sell-out pastry parties with her pop-up bakery, lark! and has collaborated with chefs including Verena Lochmuller of Ottolenghi Test Kitchen, Toklas Bakery, Farro, Lannan, Soft & Swirly, and Kossoffs.

In 2025, Lamb’s debut book Sift: The Elements of Great Baking was awarded the James Beard Foundation Book Award in the Baking and Desserts category.

James Beard Foundation
The James Beard Foundation is an American non-profit culinary arts organization based in New York City. It is named after James Beard, a food writer, teacher, and cookbook author. The foundation's programs include guest-chef dinners, scholarships for aspiring culinary students, educational conferences, and industry awards. The foundation develops programs related to American cuisine and the broader culinary industry.

The James Beard Foundation Awards have been described as one of the most prominent awards in the food industry.
Victor Jackson (American football)
Victor Jackson (born August 6, 1959) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Bowie State Bulldogs. He played in the NFL for the Indianapolis Colts in 1986 and the Los Angeles Raiders in 1987.

Bowie State Bulldogs
The Bowie State Bulldogs are the athletic teams that represent Bowie State University, located in Bowie, Maryland, in intercollegiate sports at the Division II level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association since the 1979–80 academic year.

Bowie State competes in thirteen intercollegiate varsity sports. Men's sports include basketball, cross country, football, and track and field (indoor and outdoor); while women's sports include basketball, bowling, cross country, softball, tennis, track and field (indoor and outdoor), and volleyball.
Stanisław Zaremba (mathematician)
Stanisław Zaremba (3 October 1863 – 23 November 1942) was a Polish mathematician and engineer. His research in partial differential equations, applied mathematics and classical analysis, particularly on harmonic functions, gained him a wide recognition. He was one of the mathematicians who contributed to the success of the Polish School of Mathematics through his teaching and organizational skills as well as through his research. Apart from his research works, Zaremba wrote many university textbooks and monographs.

He was a professor of the Jagiellonian University (since 1900), member of Academy of Learning (since 1903), co-founder and president of the Polish Mathematical Society (1919), and the first editor of the Annales de la Société Polonaise de Mathématique.

He should not be confused with his son Stanisław Krystyn Zaremba, also a mathematician.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
MAGED4B
Melanoma-associated antigen D4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAGED4B gene.

This gene is related to members of the MAGED gene family, in terms of the sequence similarity and the chromosome location. This gene is expressed only in brain and ovary among normal tissues, and two transcript variants of this gene are specifically expressed in glioma cells among cancer cells. This gene and the other MAGED genes are clustered on chromosome Xp11. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene, however, the full length nature of some variants has not been defined.

Glioma
A glioma is a type of malignant tumor originating in the glial cells of the brain or spinal cord. Gliomas comprise about 30% of all brain and central nervous system tumors and 80% of all malignant brain tumors. Common subtypes include astrocytoma (cancer of astrocytes), glioblastoma (an aggressive form of astrocytoma), oligodendroglioma (cancer of oligodendrocytes), and ependymoma (cancer of ependymal cells).
John McCormick (British politician)
John Kennedy McCormick (1887 or 1888–  20 August 1958) was a unionist politician in Northern Ireland.
McCormick, from  Donard View, Donaghcloney, worked as a company director and joined the Ulster Unionist Party.  Despite having no previous political experience, he was elected to the Senate of Northern Ireland in 1947, filling in the vacancy caused by the death of William Sinclair Kingan in late 1946. He served until his death in 1958.

Donaghcloney
Donaghcloney or Donacloney (from Irish Domhnach Cluana, meaning 'church of the meadow') is a village, townland (of 300 acres) and civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Lagan between Lurgan and Dromore. In the 2021 census the village had a population of 1,977. It is colloquially referred to as "The 'Cloney" by locals.
Marcia Bartusiak
Marcia F. Bartusiak is an author, journalist, and Professor of the Practice Emeritus of the Graduate Program in Science Writing at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Trained in both communications (B.A. from American University, 1971) and physics (M.S. from Old Dominion University, 1979), she writes about the fields of astronomy and physics. Bartusiak has been published in National Geographic, Discover, Astronomy, Sky & Telescope, Science, Popular Science, World Book Encyclopedia, Smithsonian, and MIT Technology Review. The author of seven books, she is also a columnist for Natural History magazine.

Astronomy (magazine)
Astronomy is a monthly American magazine about astronomy. Targeting amateur astronomers, it contains columns on sky viewing, reader-submitted astrophotographs, and articles on astronomy and astrophysics for general readers.
Affair of Epidamnus
The Affair of Epidamnus, also known as the Epidamnian Affair, is cited by the Ancient Greek historian Thucydides as one of the major immediate causes for the Peloponnesian War. The conflict began as a minor coup by a democratic faction of the city-state of Epidamnus (later Roman Dyrrachium, now modern-day Durrës), but eventually escalated into a major conflict between the cities of Athens and Corcyra (modern Corfu) on one side and the city of Corinth on the other. The culminating Battle of Sybota subsequently led to the Potidaean Affair and the Megarian Decree, both also major contributors to the final outbreak of hostilities between Athens and Sparta, beginning the Peloponnesian War.

Megarian Decree
The Megarian Decree was a set of economic sanctions levied upon Megara c. 432 BC by the Athenian Empire shortly before the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War. This move is considered one of the first uses of economics as a foreign policy tool. The decree addressed the Megarians' supposed trespass on land sacred to Demeter known as the Hiera Orgas, the killing of the Athenian herald who was sent to their city to reproach them, and giving shelter to slaves who had fled from Athens. The Megarian decree effectively blocked Megara from trading in any port within the Delian League, isolating the city and greatly damaging its economy. The exact influence the Megarian Decree had on the beginning of the Peloponnesian War is a matter that is highly debated to this day.
Chris Cumberland
Christopher Mark Cumberland (born January 15, 1973) is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played professionally from 1993 to 2004.

Cumberland was drafted by the New York Yankees in the 48th round of the 1992 Major League Baseball draft. He played in the Yankees' minor league system from 1993 until 1997. He played for several organizations after leaving the Yankees including the Minnesota Twins, Boston Red Sox, San Francisco Giants, Atlanta Braves, Toronto Blue Jays. San Diego Padres, and Kansas City Royals. He also played in Japan for the Hiroshima Toyo Carp in the Central League in 2000 and the Long Island Ducks of the Atlantic League in 2002.

Long Island Ducks
The Long Island Ducks are an American professional minor league baseball team based on Long Island in Central Islip, New York. The Ducks compete in the North Division of the Atlantic League of Professional Baseball (ALPB), an independent "partner league" of Major League Baseball. The Ducks played their first season in 2000, two years after the ALPB inaugural season. Since their inception, the Ducks' home ballpark has been Fairfield Properties Ballpark, formerly known as Bethpage Ballpark (2010-2020), Suffolk County Sports Park (1999 and 2010), EAB Park (2000–2001), and Citibank Park (2002–2009). The "Ducks" name refers to Long Island's duck-farming heritage (itself represented by the Big Duck ferrocement) and recalls the former Long Island Ducks professional ice hockey team. The team's first manager was Bud Harrelson, a part-owner of the team and a former major league player.
Pervomayskaya (Moscow Metro)
Pervomayskaya (Russian: Первомайскаяpronunciationⓘ) is a Moscow Metro station in the Izmaylovo District, Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya Line, between Izmaylovskaya and Shchyolkovskaya stations.

Before the current station opened on 21 October 1961, Pervomayskaya referred to the temporary station located in the Izmaylovo depot near the present-day Izmaylovskaya.

Eastern Administrative Okrug
Eastern Administrative Okrug (Russian: Восто́чный администрати́вный о́круг, romanized: Vostochny administrativny okrug), or Vostochny Administrative Okrug, is one of the twelve high-level territorial divisions (administrative okrugs) of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,452,759, up from 1,394,497 recorded during the 2002 Census.
Lindsay Butterfield
Lindsay Phillip Butterfield (1869–1948) was a British textile and wallpaper designer. His work is in the permanent collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London. According to the V&A, he was "one of the most successful freelance designers of patterns who worked in the Arts and Crafts style." In 1930, he was a founding member of the Society of Industrial Designers, now known as the Chartered Society of Designers.

Butterfield trained at Lambeth School of Art in 1887 to 1888, then  briefly studied architecture under his cousin Philip Johnstone, before spending three years at the National Art Training School in South Kensington, London.

His uncle was the London church architect William Butterfield (1814-1900), and his godfather was John Belcher, also an architect.

In 1922, he published Floral forms in historic design for B. T. Batsford Ltd.

Wallpaper
Wallpaper is used in interior decoration to cover the interior walls of domestic and public buildings. It is usually sold in rolls and is applied onto a wall using wallpaper paste. Wallpapers can come plain as "lining paper" to help cover uneven surfaces and minor wall defects, "textured", plain with a regular repeating pattern design, or with a single non-repeating large design carried over a set of sheets.

The smallest wallpaper rectangle that can be tiled to form the whole pattern is known as the pattern repeat. Wallpaper printing techniques include surface printing, rotogravure, screen-printing, rotary printing press, and digital printing.
Pharaoh Hound
The Pharaoh Hound or Kelb tal-Fenek is a Maltese breed of hunting dog. It is traditionally used for rabbit-hunting in the rocky terrain of the islands; the Maltese name means "rabbit dog".

It is classified by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in its "Spitz and primitive" group, and shows similarities to other Mediterranean breeds in that group such as the Cirneco dell'Etna, the Podenco Andaluz, the Podenco Canario, the Podenco Ibicenco and the Portuguese Podengo. It is the only Maltese dog breed with international recognition.

Hunting dog
A hunting dog is a dog that hunts with or for hunters. There are several different types of hunting dog developed for various tasks and purposes. The major categories of hunting dog include hounds, terriers, cur type dogs, and gun dogs. Further distinctions within these categories can be made, based upon the dog's skills and capabilities. They are usually larger and have a more sensitive smell than normal dogs.
Kingmaker scenario
In game theory, a kingmaker scenario in a game of three or more players is an endgame situation where a player who is unable to win has the capacity to determine which player among others will win. This player is referred to as the kingmaker or spoiler. In competitive games the Kingmaker can leverage this ability to force a draw or can make game decisions to favor a player of their choosing. This situation can be undesirable in games where politics aren’t intended to determine a winner.

Tie (draw)
A draw or tie occurs in a competitive sport when the results are identical or inconclusive. Ties or draws are possible in some, but not all, sports and games. Such an outcome, sometimes referred to as deadlock, can also occur in other areas of life such as politics, business, and wherever there are different factions regarding an issue.