hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Social learning network
A social learning network (SLN) is a type of social network that results from interaction between learners, teachers, and modules of learning. The modules and actors who form the SLN are defined by the specific social learning process taking place.

The set of learners and the set of teachers in an SLN cannot be disjoint. Rather, an SLN is an evolving peer learning process in which learners acquire, master, and then themselves disseminate knowledge to others over time. At any given time, an actor in an SLN is a teacher of concepts she has mastered, and a learner of those she is not yet familiar with.

Collaborative learning has been identified as an important part of SLN formation, because actors can work together and combine their respective skills to solve problems.

Peer learning
One of the most visible approaches to peer learning comes out of cognitive psychology, and is applied within a "mainstream" educational framework: "Peer learning is an educational practice in which students interact with other students to attain educational goals." Other authors including David Boud describe peer learning as a way of moving beyond independent to interdependent or mutual learning among peers. In this context, it can be compared to the practices that go by the name cooperative learning. However, other contemporary views on peer learning relax the constraints, and position "peer-to-peer learning" as a mode of "learning for everyone, by everyone, about almost anything."  Whether it takes place in a formal or informal learning context, in small groups or online, peer learning manifests aspects of self-organization that are mostly absent from pedagogical models of teaching and learning.
2019 Grand Prix Hassan II
The 2019 Grand Prix Hassan II was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 35th edition of the tournament and part of the 2019 ATP Tour. It took place in Marrakesh, Morocco between 8 and 14 April 2019.

Jiří Veselý
Jiří Veselý (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjɪr̝iː ˈvɛsɛliː]; born 10 July 1993) is a Czech professional tennis player. He reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 35 on 27 April 2015.

Veselý is perhaps best known for being one of the two players to have defeated Novak Djokovic multiple times with no losses throughout his career (along with Marat Safin).
Hulks on the Tamar
Hulks on the Tamar is an 1811 landscape painting by the British artist J. M. W. Turner. It shows hulk on the River Tamar in the West of England as well as a sailing barge and warships of the Royal Navy. It was produced following a visit to Devon Turner had made that year.

Turner displayed the painting at an exhibition at his studio in Queen Anne Street in London. It was acquired by the art collector George Wyndham, 3rd Earl of Egremont for the Petworth House, his country house in Sussex. The Earl owned a number of paintings by Turner including Teignmouth, another product of the artist's trip to Devon. The painting was accepted by the government in acceptance in lieu and allocated to the Tate Gallery, although it remains in situ at Petworth as part of a permanent loan.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Tickner
Tickner is a topographic surname of English origin for someone who lived at a crossroad or a fork in the road.

Notable people with the surname include:

Blair Tickner (born 1993), cricketer

Charles Tickner (born 1953), figure skater

Frank Tickner (born 1983), British cross country runner

French Tickner (1930–2021), American-Canadian voice actor

George Tickner (born 1946), musician

J. Ann Tickner, academic

Lisa Tickner, British art historian

Robert Tickner (born 1951), politician

Royston Tickner (1922–1997), actor

T. F. Tickner (1864–1924), British architect

Charlie Tickner
Charles Frederick Tickner (born November 13, 1953, in Lafayette, California) is an American figure skater.

Tickner won the gold medal at the 1978 World Figure Skating Championships, skating to music from Georges Bizet's Carmen and Jules Massenet's Le Cid (opera) for his long program. He also won the bronze medal at the 1980 Winter Olympics and the 1980 World Championships.

He is married and has three sons, and he currently resides in the East Bay, California. He is now a private figure skating coach.
Fraser Academy
Fraser Academy, located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, is a private, non-profit, co-educational, non-faith, non-residential school that serves children from grades 1 to 12 with language-based learning disabilities such as dyslexia.  Its teaching methods are based on those found at the Kildonan School in New York, using the Orton-Gillingham approach. Besides daily individual tutoring for language, students take the same courses as other students in the province, in which courses a multisensory approach is also used.

Founded in 1982 in Langley, British Columbia, the school moved into its present building in the Kitsilano neighbourhood of Vancouver in September 1986. The school has Smart Boards to assist and enhance the learning capabilities of senior students.

Kitsilano
Kitsilano (/kɪtsəˈlænoʊ/ kit-sə-LAN-oh) is a neighbourhood in the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Named after Squamish chief August Jack Khatsahlano, Kitsilano is located along the southern shore of English Bay between Fairview and West Point Grey, with Burrard Street as the neighbourhood's eastern boundary, Alma Street its western boundary, and 16th Avenue its southern boundary. The area is mostly residential with two main commercial areas, West 4th Avenue and West Broadway, known for their retail stores, restaurants and organic food markets.
Plua
Plua is a port of the programming language Lua 5.0.3, along with a small IDE, for the Palm Computing platform. Lua is a programming language designed at TeCGraf, the Computer Graphics Technology Group of PUC-Rio, Brazil. Plua includes some extensions to Lua to better support the Palm platform.

Development has ceased on Plua, and the latest stable version of Plua 2.0 can only be downloaded from a discussion board. The prior version, Plua 1.1, is a port of Lua 4.0. The extensions differ somewhat between versions. The new version is thus sometimes called Plua 2 to avoid confusion.

Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro
The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro; PUC-Rio) is a Jesuit, Catholic, pontifical university in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is the joint responsibility of the Catholic Archdiocese of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro and the Society of Jesus.
2019 Internationaux de Tennis de Blois – Doubles
Fabrício Neis and David Vega Hernández were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Corentin Denolly and Alexandre Müller won the title after defeating Sergio Galdós and Andreas Siljeström 7–5, 6–7(5–7), [10–6] in the final.

Alexandre Müller
Alexandre Müller (French pronunciation: [alɛksɑ̃dʁ mylɛʁ]; born 1 February 1997) is a French professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 38, achieved on 18 August 2025 and a doubles ranking of No. 263, achieved on 25 November 2024.

Since turning professional in 2014, Müller has spent most seasons on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour and ATP Challenger Tour, where he has won 17 total singles and doubles titles across both circuits. He sealed his top 150 debut in July 2022, a month after winning his first Challenger title in Blois.

In 2023, Müller made his breakthrough on the ATP Tour after reaching his first tour final in Marrakesh, which earned him his top 100 debut in April 2023. In 2025, he won his maiden title in Hong Kong.

Müller has Crohn’s disease.
Health and Social Care Directorates
The Health and Social Care Directorates are a group of directorates of the Scottish Government. They are responsible for NHS Scotland, as well as policies on the development and implementation of health and social care.

The Chief Executive of NHS Scotland and Director-General of the Scottish Government's Health and Social Care Directorates is Caroline Lamb.

There is a direct relationship between Ministers and the Directorates, but this relationship is not consistent across the Government as there is often no direct read across to Ministerial portfolios from DGs. The activities of these Directorates are under the purview of the Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care. He is assisted in this work by the Minister for Mental Wellbeing and Social Care, the Minister for Public Health and Women's Health and the Minister for Drugs and Alcohol Policy.

Minister for Drugs & Alcohol Policy and Sport
The Minister for Drugs & Alcohol Policy and Sport is a junior ministerial post in the Scottish Government. As a result, the minister does not attend the Scottish Cabinet but reports to the Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care who does.
Jerzmanki railway station
Jerzmanki (German: Hermsdorf) is a railway station on the Wrocław Świebodzki–Zgorzelec railway in the village of Jerzmanki, Zgorzelec County, within the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in south-western Poland.

Zgorzelec County
Zgorzelec County (Polish: powiat zgorzelecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. It is situated in the extreme south-west of Poland, bordering both Germany and the Czech Republic. The county covers an area of 838.1 square kilometres (323.6 sq mi). Its administrative seat is Zgorzelec, on the German border; the other towns in the county are Bogatynia, Pieńsk, Zawidów and Węgliniec.

As of 2019 the total population of the county is 89,612. The most populated towns are Zgorzelec with 30,374 inhabitants and Bogatynia with 17,436 inhabitants.
Otodome Falls
Otodome Falls (音止めの滝, Otodome-no-taki) is a waterfall in Fujinomiya, Shizuoka Prefecture, near Mount Fuji, Japan. This waterfall with a height of 25 m (82 ft) is part of the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park. Another waterfall, the Shiraito Falls is about a five-minute walk away.

The name "Sound Stopping Waterfall" comes from an episode in the Soga Monogatari story of the Kamakura period. When the Soga brothers accompanied Minamoto no Yoritomo on a hunting expedition to the base of Mount Fuji, they plotted to assassinate one of Yoritomo's retainers, Kudō Tsuketsune, who was the murderer of their father. In order to avoid being overheard, they planned their strategy by the roaring waters of this waterfall.

The Otodome Falls is listed as one of "Japan's Top 100 Waterfalls", in a listing published by the Japanese Ministry of the Environment in 1990.

Ministry of the Environment (Japan)
The Ministry of the Environment (環境省, Kankyō-shō) is a Cabinet-level ministry of the government of Japan responsible for global environmental conservation, pollution control, and nature conservation. The ministry was formed in 2001 from the sub-cabinet level Environmental Agency established in 1971. The Minister of the Environment is a member of the Cabinet of Japan and is chosen by the Prime Minister, usually from among members of the Diet.

In March 2006, the then-Minister of the Environment Yuriko Koike, created a furoshiki cloth to promote its use in the modern world.

In August 2011, the Cabinet of Japan approved a plan to establish a new energy watchdog under the Environment Ministry, and the Nuclear Regulation Authority was founded on September 19, 2012.
Treaty of Vincennes
The Treaty of Vincennes is the name of two separate treaties. One was an agreement between the United States of America and the Miami and their allies, the Wea tribes and the Shawnee, and was signed on June 6, 1803. The purpose of the treaty was to get the native tribes to formally recognize the American ownership of the Vincennes Tract, a parcel of land captured from Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War. The second occurred on August 27, 1804, and was to purchase land from the tribes.

Miami people
The Miami (Miami–Illinois: Myaamiaki) are a Native American nation originally speaking the Miami–Illinois language, one of the Algonquian languages. Among the peoples known as the Great Lakes tribes, they occupied territory that is now identified as north-central Indiana, southwest Michigan, and western Ohio. The Miami were historically made up of several prominent subgroups, including the Piankeshaw, Wea, Pepikokia, Kilatika, Mengakonkia, and Atchakangouen. In modern times, Miami is used more specifically to refer to the Atchakangouen. By 1846, most of the Miami had been forcefully displaced to Indian Territory (initially to what is now Kansas, and later to what is now part of Oklahoma). The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma are the federally recognized tribe of Miami Indians in the United States. The Miami Nation of Indiana, a nonprofit organization of self-identified descendants of Miamis who were exempted from removal, have unsuccessfully sought separate recognition.
Here's Where the Strings Come In
Here's Where the Strings Come In is the fifth studio album by American indie rock band Superchunk. It was recorded at Fort Apache Studios from May 25 to June 4, 1995. The album was released by Merge Records on September 19, 1995.

"Green Flowers, Blue Fish" was originally recorded for the 1995 film Johnny Mnemonic. "Hyper Enough" is also featured in the 1996 film Tromeo and Juliet, the video game NCAA Football 06, and the 2008 film Yes Man. The video for "Hyper Enough" depicted the band members seeking help from a therapist.

Merge Records
Merge Records is an independent record label based in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1989 by Laura Ballance and Mac McCaughan. It began as an outlet for music from their band Superchunk and music created by friends, and has expanded to include artists from around the world, with records reaching the top of the Billboard music charts.
Steinbach Curling Club
The Steinbach Curling Club is located in Steinbach, Manitoba, Canada.  The curling club began in 1948 and was incorporated in 1963.

Its current building opened in October 2014 is located adjacent to the T.G. Smith Centre.  The new five-sheet rink replaced the old four-sheet rink located across the street.  The former building was torn down by the City of Steinbach in May 2014 to create parking space for Steinbach Credit Union.

The Steinbach Curling Club is the original home of the three-time Manitoba curling champions and one-time Brier winners Vic Peters and Chris Neufeld.

Vic Peters
Victor Alvin Peters (March 24, 1955 – March 27, 2016) was a Canadian curler who was a three-time Manitoba curling champion, and one-time national champion as winner of the 1992 Labatt Brier.

Peters was once considered a member of Manitoba's "Big Three", which consisted of himself, Kerry Burtnyk and Jeff Stoughton. These teams dominated curling in Canada and the world during the 1990s, winning four Labatt Briers and two world championships. Peters was noted for his tuck delivery alongside Burtnyk and Stoughton.
1996 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1996 Big West Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 8–March 10 at Lawlor Events Center in Reno, Nevada.

San José State defeated Utah State in the championship game in overtime, 76–75, to obtain the second Big West Conference men's basketball tournament championship in school history.

As a result, the Spartans were invited and participated in the 1996 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, making it the third time SJSU has appeared in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. San José State was the only school in the Big West to appear in the NCAA Tournament.

1995–96 San Jose State Spartans men's basketball team
The 1995–96 San Jose State Spartans men's basketball team represented San Jose State University during the 1995–96 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Spartans were led by seventh-year head coach Stan Morrison and played their home games at the Event Center Arena. SJSU was a member of the Big West Conference.

The Spartans finished the season 13–17 overall, and 9–9 in the conference. During the season, San José State was invited and participated in the Illini Classic in Champaign, Illinois. San José State lost to Ball State and Southeast Missouri State to earn 4th place. In the postseason, San José State defeated Pacific, UC Irvine, and Utah State in the 1996 Big West Conference Men's Basketball Tournament to earn 1st place in Reno, Nevada. The Spartans were invited and participated in the 1996 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, where they lost to Kentucky in Dallas, Texas in the first round.
Westbound Train
Westbound Train is a ska band from Boston, Massachusetts, formed in 2001. Their name originates from the Dennis Brown hit song by the same name.

Westbound Train released their first album, Searching for A Melody, in 2002. The band self-released their second album, Five to Two, in 2005, which featured guest appearances from Alex Desert of Hepcat and King Django. The album was re-released by Stomp Records on March 14, 2006.

Westbound Train were featured on the Hellcat Records compilation Give 'Em the Boot IV in November 2004. In January 2006, Hellcat announced that they had signed the band. A third full-length, titled Transitions, was released in September 2006.

Westbound Train played the Summer of Ska tour in the summer of 2006, along with Suburban Legends, Big D and the Kids Table, Voodoo Glow Skulls, and Catch 22. Westbound Train also played the Fall of Ska tour in the fall of 2006, along with Reel Big Fish, Streetlight Manifesto, and Suburban Legends.

Alex Désert
Alex Désert is an American actor and musician, known for his roles in the TV series The Flash, The Heights with Jamie Walters, Becker with Ted Danson, and Mr. Williams on Boy Meets World, as well as the voice of Nick Fury for The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes and Wolverine and the X-Men. Désert has been seen in Mom and Grey's Anatomy. Other television credits include Tyler Perry's House of Payne, House,  A League of Their Own, Reno 911!, and The Sarah Silverman Program. In 2020, he started voicing Carl Carlson and Lou on The Simpsons, replacing Hank Azaria.
In a New Age
In a New Age is a 1988 album by the singer-songwriter Mickey Newbury. It contains new versions of eight classic Newbury songs, with a full version of "All My Trials" which is part of Newbury's "An American Trilogy" (which is also included on the album.)

All My Trials
"All My Trials" is a folk song which became popular during the social protest movements of the late 1950s and 1960s. Alternative titles it has been recorded under include "Bahamian Lullaby" and "All My Sorrows." The origins of the song are unclear, as it appears to not have been documented in any musicological or historical records (such as the Roud Folk Song Index, Archive of American Folk Song, or an ethnomusicologist's field recordings or notes) until after the first commercial recording was released (as "Bahamian Lullaby") on Bob Gibson's 1956 debut album Offbeat Folksongs.
Abbingdon Music Research
Abbingdon Music Research (AMR) is one of the UK's largest manufacturers of high-end audio systems. While most of their acclaim has come from their amplifiers and CD players  (their flagship being the Reference Series System with a price of roughly $100K), they also make phono pre-amplifiers, loudspeakers, cables and accessories.

Founded in 2000, AMR is based in London, United Kingdom. It is a subsidiary of the Abbingdon Global Group.

Preamplifier
A preamplifier, also known as a preamp,  is an electronic amplifier that converts a weak electrical signal into an output signal strong enough to be noise-tolerant and strong enough for further processing, or for sending to a power amplifier and a loudspeaker. Without this, the final signal would be noisy or distorted. They are typically used to amplify signals from analog sensors such as microphones and pickups. Because of this, the preamplifier is often placed close to the sensor to reduce the effects of noise and interference.
Gregory Award
Gregory Award refer to:

Emily L. Gregory Award, given by Barnard College in honor of Emily Gregory

Eric Gregory Award, given by the British Society of Authors

John A. Gregory Award for Fundamental Contributions to the Field of Geometric modeling

Joseph T. Gregory Award, given by the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology

Mike Gregory Award, given by the North Coast Athletic Conference in honor of the first recipient Mike Gregory

Eric Gregory Award
The Eric Gregory Award is a literary award given annually by the Society of Authors for a collection by United Kingdom poets under the age of 30. The award was founded in 1960 by Dr. Eric Gregory to support and encourage young poets.
2016 Tajik Super Cup
The 2016 Tajik Supercup was the 7th Tajik Supercup, an annual Tajik football match played between the winners of the previous season's Tajik League and Tajik Cup. The match was contested by 2015 Tajik League and 2015 Tajik Cup champions, Istiklol, and the 2015 Tajik League Runners-up, Khujand. It was held at Stadium Metallurg 1st District in Tursunzoda four days before the first game of the 2016 Tajik League. Istiklol won the match 3–2 thanks to an 82nd-minute winner from Oleksandr Kablash, his second of the match. After Istiklol took the lead through Kablash, Khujand equalised through Farkhod Tokhirov from the penalty spot, before Davron Ergashev restored Istiklol's lead shortly after. Dilshodzhon Karimov squared the game up midway through the second half, before Kablash's second gave Istiklol their sixth Supercup title.

Tajikistan Higher League
The Ligai Olii Tojikiston or Tajikistan Top League (Tajik: Лигаи Олии Тоҷикистон; Russian: Высшая лига Таджикистана, romanized: Vysshaya liga Tadzhikistana) is the top division of professional football in Tajikistan. It is part of the Tajikistan Football League Organization and Tajikistan Football Federation.

It was founded in 1992, with 8 clubs participating. The first champion of the league was CSKA Pomir Dushanbe. Currently the most successful team is FC Istiklol.
Francesco Compagna
Francesco Compagna (Naples, 31 July 1921 – Capri, 24 July 1982) was an Italian politician, journalist and academic.

He founded the magazine "Nord e Sud" in 1954 and also collaborated with Il Mondo directed by Mario Pannunzio.

Former member of the Italian Liberal Party and the Radical Party, Compagna was elected MP with the Italian Republican Party in the fifth (1968–1972), sixth (1972–1976), seventh (1976–1979) and eighth (1979–1983) legislature.

He served as Minister of Public Works in the Andreotti V (1979) and in the Cossiga II (1980) governments and as Minister of Merchant Navy in the Forlani government (1980–1981).

He also held the position of Undersecretary of State for Extraordinary Interventions in Southern Italy in the Moro IV government (1974–1976) and of Secretary of the Council of Ministers in the Spadolini I government (1981–1982).

He died on Capri in 1982 due to a heart attack.

Forlani government
The Forlani Cabinet, led by Arnaldo Forlani, was the 38th cabinet of the Italian Republic.

The government was composed of the DC, PSI, PSDI and PRI, with the abstention of the PLI. Since in the Italian Senate the abstention is valid as a contrary vote, the two senators of the PLI did not take part in the vote of confidence to the government.

He fell as a result of the P2 lodge scandal. Forlani resigned on 26 May 1981.