hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
World record progression 200 metres freestyle
This is a history of the progression of the world record for the 200 metres freestyle swimming event. It is a listing of the fastest-times-ever swum in the event, in both long course (50m) and short course (25m) swimming pools. These records are maintained and recognized by FINA, which oversees international competitive swimming and Aquatics.

The drop in world record times in 2008–2009 coincided with the introduction of polyurethane suits from Speedo (LZR, 50% polyurethane) in 2008 and by Arena (X-Glide), Adidas (Hydrofoil) and Italian swimming suit manufacturer Jaked (all 100% polyurethane) in 2009.  FINA's ban on non-textile suit came into effect in January 2010. FINA also released a list of approved suits.

The long course records are historically older than the short course records; the latter having only been recognized since the early 1990s.

Arena X-Glide
Arena X-Glide is a swimsuit from the Arena brand, made of pure polyurethane that causes a swimmer to slide through water faster when swimming. One notable example of the efficacy of this suit design is that of Paul Biedermann of Germany who wore the suit in the 2009 World Championships, breaking two world records.  The design of the suit covers basically the whole torso and the legs with the impermeable polyurethane, thereby exposing less skin to the water and improving the swimmer's buoyancy and streamlined shape.  This significantly reduces the drag on the swimmer as they move through the water.
Teaching Ethics
Teaching Ethics is a peer-reviewed academic journal devoted to the philosophical examination of ethical issues in all disciplines. Its mission is to foster dialogue about ethics instruction across disciplinary boundaries, with a focus on business, medicine, technology, law, and other areas of liberal education. Notable contributors include Michael Davis, Deni Elliot, Mollie Painter-Morland, Lisa Newton, Louis Pojman, Wade Robison, and Holmes Rolston III. It is sponsored by the Society for Ethics Across the Curriculum. Members receive the journal as a benefit of membership. Members of the American Association of Philosophy Teachers and the Philosophy Learning and Teaching Organization also have access to this journal. It is published by the Philosophy Documentation Center and has a SHERPA/RoMEO "green" self-archiving policy.

Louis Pojman
Louis Paul Pojman (/ˈpɔɪmən/ April 22, 1935–October 15, 2005) was an American philosopher and professor, whose name is most recognized as the author of dozens of philosophy texts and anthologies, which continue to be used widely for educational purposes, and more than one-hundred papers, which he read at some sixty universities around the world. Pojman was known for his work in applied ethics and philosophy of religion.
Andres Põder
Andres Põder (born 22 November 1949) is an Estonian clergyman, bishop emeritus and the former archbishop of Tallinn and primate of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonia (EELK) from 2005–2014. Põder was the president of Estonian Council of Churches from 2013 to 2022.

Estonian Council of Churches
Estonian Council of Churches (ECC; Estonian: Eesti Kirikute Nõukogu) is an Estonian organisation which unites and promotes co-operation between Christian churches and congregations in Estonia.

ECC president is Urmas Viilma.

ECC is an associate member of Conference of European Churches.
Jones Chilengi
Jones Chilengi (30 January 1955 – 9 April 1999) was a Zambian footballer and coach. He played as a defender for Zambian club Green Buffaloes and captained Zambia to their first ever regional cup success at CECAFA 1984 in Uganda. He later coached Ndola United, Zamsure and Hwange F.C. of Zimbabwe.

Zambia national football team
The Zambia national football team represents Zambia in men's association football and is governed by the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ). During the 1980s, they were known as the KK 11, after founding president Dr. Kenneth Kaunda ("KK") who ruled Zambia from 1964 to 1991. After the country adopted multiparty politics, the side was nicknamed Chipolopolo which means the "Copper Bullets". The team won an Africa Cup of Nations title in 2012. This team has also become the most successful team in the COSAFA Cup, surpassing Zimbabwe after winning the 2023 edition.
Miloslav Ištvan
Miloslav Ištvan (2 September 1928 in Olomouc – 26 January 1990 in Brno) was a Czech composer. His work was inspired by the works of Béla Bartók and by the orientation of the modal style of folk songs. He studied Romanian and African folklore. He also attempted a synthesis of classical and pop music genres.

In 1947 he graduated at the gymnasium in Brno-Žabovřesky, and later he pursued his studies at the Janáček Academy of Music and Performing Arts in Brno. He studied composition as a pupil of Jaroslav Kvapil.

Olomouc
Olomouc (Czech pronunciation: [ˈolomouts] ⓘ; German: Olmütz) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 103,000 inhabitants, making it the sixth largest city in the country. It is the administrative centre of the Olomouc Region.

Located on the Morava River, the city is the ecclesiastical metropolis and was a historical co-capital city of Moravia, before having been occupied by the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as urban monument reservation. The Holy Trinity Column was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 for its quintessential Baroque style and symbolic value.
Eugene H. Lehman
Eugene Heitler Lehman (September 5, 1878/79 – August 21, 1972) was an American educator, author, and politician. He was the first American recipient of the Cecil Rhodes Scholarship, founder of the Highland Nature Camps, a mayor of Tarrytown, New York, and the first president of Monmouth College upon its status as a four-year university. Lehman was born in Pueblo, Colorado, to Jewish immigrants. He graduated from Pueblo's Centennial High School before attending Yale University, graduating in 1902. He taught English literature  at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York City and Biblical literature at Yale.

Jewish Theological Seminary of America
The Jewish Theological Seminary (JTS) is a Conservative Jewish education organization in New York City, New York. It is one of the academic and spiritual centers of Conservative Judaism as well as a hub for academic scholarship in Jewish studies. The Jewish Theological Seminary Library is one of the most significant collections of Judaica in the world.
Chestnut orchard
A chestnut orchard  is an open stand of grafted chestnut  (selva castanile) trees for fruit production. In this agroforestry system, trees are usually intercropped with cereals, hay or pasture. These orchards are traditional systems in Canton of Ticino (Switzerland) and Northern Italy, where they are called “selva castanile”. Similar systems can also be found in the Mediterranean region, for example, in France, Greece, Portugal or Spain.

Grove (nature)
A grove is a small group of trees with minimal or no undergrowth, or a small orchard planted for the cultivation of fruits or nuts. Naturally occurring groves are typically small, perhaps a few acres at most, such as a sequoia grove. In contrast, orchards, which are normally intentional planting of trees, may be small or very large, like the apple orchards in Washington state, orange groves in Florida and olive groves in Australia.

A grove may be called an 'arbour' or 'arbor', which is not to be confused with the garden structure pergola, which also sometimes goes under that name. Other words for groups of trees include woodland, woodlot, thicket, and stand. Groves often contain plant and animal species that have become extinct in adjacent areas, and they harbor great genetic diversity. Therefore, they have become biodiversity hotspots, as various species seek refuge in the areas due to progressive habitat destruction.
Battle High School
Muriel Williams Battle High School (commonly known as Battle) is a public high school in Columbia, Missouri, United States. It opened for summer school on June 3, 2013, and began its first school year in August 2013. The school serves students in grades 9–12 and has a preschool classroom., although seniors did not attend the first year of operation. It is one of four public high schools in the Columbia Public Schools district. It is also the high school with the most fights in said district.

Educational stage
Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary education. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes nine levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system (from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 8 (doctoral)). UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages. Some countries divide levels of study into grades or forms for school children in the same year.
Gerry Abel
Gerald Scott Abel (December 25, 1944 – July 2, 2021) was an American professional ice hockey left winger. He is the son of Hockey Hall of Fame member Sid Abel and the uncle of former goaltender Brent Johnson. He played one game in the National Hockey League during the 1966–67 season, with the Detroit Red Wings on March 8, 1967 against the New York Rangers. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1965 to 1968, was spent in the minor leagues.

Brent Johnson
Brent Spencer Johnson (born March 12, 1977) is an American former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the National Hockey League for the St. Louis Blues, Phoenix Coyotes, Washington Capitals, and the Pittsburgh Penguins. He is currently a studio analyst for Monumental Sports Network.
Grunwald–Wang theorem
In algebraic number theory, the Grunwald–Wang theorem is a local-global principle stating that—except in some precisely defined cases—an element x in a number field K is an nth power in K if it is an nth power in the completion  for all but finitely many primes  of K. For example, a rational number is a square of a rational number if it is a square of a p-adic number for almost all prime numbers p.

It was introduced by Wilhelm Grunwald (1933), but there was a mistake in this original version that was found and corrected by Shianghao Wang (1948). The theorem considered by Grunwald and Wang was more general than the one stated above as they discussed the existence of cyclic extensions with certain local properties, and the statement about nth powers is a consequence of this.

Complete metric space
In mathematical analysis, a metric space M is called complete (or a Cauchy space) if every Cauchy sequence of points in M has a limit that is also in M.

Intuitively, a space is complete if there are no "points missing" from it (inside or at the boundary). For instance, the set of rational numbers is not complete, because e.g.  is "missing" from it, even though one can construct a Cauchy sequence of rational numbers that converges to it (see further examples below). It is always possible to "fill all the holes", leading to the completion of a given space, as explained below.
Waste collection authority
A waste collection authority (WCA) is a local authority in the UK charged with the collection of municipal waste. There are 376 WCAs in England and Wales who are responsible for collecting waste from nearly 22 million homes and some businesses. The WCA passes on the waste to the waste disposal authority that is tasked with the ultimate treatment and disposal of that waste. In England WCAs are the district councils and unitary authorities.

Unitary authority
A unitary authority is a type of local authority in New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Unitary authorities are responsible for all local government functions within their areas, or perform additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by multiple tiers of local government.

Typically, unitary authorities cover towns or cities that are large enough to function independently of a council or other authority. An authority can be a unit of a county or combined authority.
Sub-national opinion polling for the 2024 United Kingdom general election
Sub-national opinion polling for the 2024 United Kingdom general election was carried out by various organisations to gauge voting intention by area. Most of the polling companies listed are members of the British Polling Council (BPC) and abide by its disclosure rules. The opinion polls listed range from the previous election on 12 December 2019 to the election on 4 July 2024.

Hartlepool (UK Parliament constituency)
Hartlepool /ˈhɑːrtlɪpuːl/ HART-lih-pool is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Jonathan Brash of the Labour Party from 2024. The constituency covers the town of Hartlepool plus nearby settlements.

Labour won every contest for the seat since the first at the February 1974 election (and mostly won the predecessor constituency of The Hartlepools from the 1945 election onward) until Jill Mortimer won the 2021 by-election, becoming the first Conservative MP to represent Hartlepool since 1959. However, she lost her seat back to Labour three years later, falling to third place.
Billy Barr (naturalist)
Billy Barr, stylized as billy barr, is an American amateur scientist known for his collection of over 50 years of data on snow levels, temperatures and animal migration in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Barr's data collection is recognized as critical evidence of the effects of climate change.

Data collection
Data collection or data gathering is the process of gathering and measuring information on targeted variables in an established system, which then enables one to answer relevant questions and evaluate outcomes. Data collection is a research component in all study fields, including physical and social sciences, humanities, and business. While methods vary by discipline, the emphasis on ensuring accurate and honest collection remains the same. The goal for all data collection is to capture evidence that allows data analysis to lead to the formulation of credible answers to the questions that have been posed.

Regardless of the field of or preference for defining data (quantitative or qualitative), accurate data collection is essential to maintain research integrity. The selection of appropriate data collection instruments (existing, modified, or newly developed) and delineated instructions for their correct use reduce the likelihood of errors.
Slievardagh
Slievardagh (Irish: Sliabh Ardach) is a barony in County Tipperary, Ireland. This geographical unit of land is one of 12 baronies in County Tipperary. Its chief town is Mullinahone. The barony lies between Eliogarty to the north (whose chief town is Thurles), Iffa and Offa East to the south (whose chief town is Clonmel) and Middle Third to the west (whose chief town is Cashel). It is currently administered by Tipperary County Council.

Eliogarty
Eliogarty (Irish: Éile Uí Fhógarta) is a barony in County Tipperary, Ireland. This geographical unit of land is one of 12 baronies in County Tipperary. Its chief town is Thurles. The barony lies between Ikerrin to the north (whose chief town is Roscrea), Kilnamanagh Upper to the west (whose chief town is Borrisoleigh), Middle Third to the south (whose chief town is Cashel) and County Kilkenny to the east. It is currently administered by Tipperary County Council.
Social Security Fund (Nepal)
Social Security Fund (SSF) Nepal (Nepali: सामाजिक सुरक्षा कोष) was established in 2011 (7 Chaitra 2067 BS) according to the Social Security (Management Fund and Operation) Regulations, 2067 BS. It is governed by Social Security Act, 2018 (2075 BS). The Act requires every company/employer to enlist their name and its employees in the Fund.

The SSF is an affiliate body of the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Social Security (MoLESS).

Vikram Samvat
Vikram Samvat (ISO: Vikrama Saṁvata; abbreviated VS), also known as the Vikrami or Bikrami calendar, is a Hindu calendar historically used in the Indian subcontinent and still also used in several Indian states and Nepal. It is a lunisolar calendar, using twelve lunar months each solar sidereal year. The year count of the Vikram Samvat calendar is usually 57 years ahead of the Gregorian calendar, except during January to March/April, when it is ahead by 56 years.

Vikram Samvat is an official calendar of Nepal where the first month is Baisakh and the last month is Chaitra. Unlike India where it is used only for religious dates (with first month starting with Chaitra), the solar version of Vikram Samvat is a civil calendar for general usage.
Lipia Góra, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Lipia Góra [ˈlipja ˈɡura] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krasocin, within Włoszczowa County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Krasocin, 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Włoszczowa, and 34 km (21 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Włoszczowa
Włoszczowa [vwɔˈʂt͡ʂɔva] ⓘ is a town in southern Poland, in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. It lies approximately 50 kilometres (31 miles) west of Kielce. It is the capital of Włoszczowa County. Population is 10,657 (2010). Włoszczowa lies in historic Lesser Poland. The town has the area of 30 km2 (12 sq mi) (11 sq miles).
Léon Tom
Léon Tom (born 25 October 1888, date of death unknown) was a Belgian épée, foil and sabre fencer and bobsledder. He won two silver medals in the team épée competition at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics. He also competed in the bobsleigh event at the 1928 Winter Olympics.

Épée
The épée (/ˈɛpeɪ, ˈeɪ-/, French: [epe]; lit. 'sword'), also rendered as epee in English, is the largest and heaviest of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. The modern épée derives from the 19th-century épée de combat, a weapon which itself derives from the French small sword.

As a thrusting weapon, the épée is similar to a foil (contrasted with a sabre, which is designed for slashing). It has a stiffer blade than a foil. It is triangular in cross-section with a V-shaped groove called a fuller. The épée also has a larger bell guard designed to protect the user’s arm. In addition to the larger "bell" guard and blade, the épée weighs more than the foil and sabre which contributes to its reputation of being the slowest form of fencing. The techniques of use differ, as there are no rules regarding priority and a lack of right of way. Thus, immediate counterattacks are a common feature of épée fencing. The entire body is a valid target area.
Babiana curviscapa
Babiana curviscapa is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Babiana. The species is endemic to the Northern Cape and is part of the Succulent Karoo. It occurs from Steinkopf southwards to Kamiesberge and the hills west of Bitterfontein.

Steinkopf, South Africa
Steinkopf is a town in Namakwa District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa.

The town is located about 45 km north-north-west of Springbok. Formerly known as Kookfontein, it was established as a mission station of the London Missionary Society, but was later taken over by the Rhenish Mission. It is named after Karl Steinkopf (de), foreign secretary on the British and Foreign Bible Society.

Steinkopf is the birthplace of Tholwana Mohale, winner of South Africa's Got Talent 2014.
Maithili Sharan
Maithili Sharan (born 4 January 1953) is an Indian mathematician who specialises in  mathematical modelling, biofluid mechanics, Air Pollution and atmospheric boundary layer.

He was awarded in 1992 the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India,  in the mathematical sciences category. 
Maithili Sharan's notable findings relate to development of mathematical models for the transport of gases in pulmonary and systemic circulations including brain and dispersion of air pollutants in low wind conditions, numerical simulation of Bhopal gas leak, and weak wind nocturnal boundary layer.

Mathematical model
A mathematical model is an abstract description of a concrete  system using mathematical concepts and language. The process of developing a mathematical model is termed mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are used in many fields, including applied mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences and engineering. In particular, the field of operations research studies the use of mathematical modelling and related tools to solve problems in business or military operations. A model may help to characterize a system by studying the effects of different components, which may be used to make predictions about behavior or solve specific problems.
Reunion at Budokan 1981
Reunion at Budokan 1981 is a live album by American jazz group the Modern Jazz Quartet featuring performances recorded at their reunion concert at the Nippon Budokan in 1981 and released on the Pablo label.

Pablo Records
Pablo Records was a jazz record company and label founded by Norman Granz in 1973, more than a decade after he had sold his earlier catalog (including Verve Records) to MGM Records.

Pablo initially featured recordings by acts that Granz managed: Ella Fitzgerald, Oscar Peterson, and Joe Pass. Later, the label issued recordings by Count Basie, Dizzy Gillespie, Sarah Vaughan, Milt Jackson, and Paulinho da Costa. The label also re-released 1950s recordings by Art Tatum, which Granz reacquired, and released unissued European live recordings of John Coltrane and his groups.

In January 1987, it was announced that the label had been acquired by Fantasy Records for an undisclosed amount. Eric Miller, who had worked with Norman Granz since the early 1970s, continued with Pablo as head of A&R, until the early-2000s. Fantasy continued to release previously unissued recordings using the Pablo name.
Cashmere High School
Cashmere High School (Māori: Te iringa o Kahukura) is a state coeducational secondary school, located in southern Christchurch, New Zealand. It was opened in 1956 in response to population growth in southern Christchurch during the 1950s.

The school is located in the suburb of Cashmere, New Zealand, on the northern bank of the Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River overlooked by the Cashmere Hills. Serving Years 9 to 13, Cashmere has a roll of 2,362 students as of October 2025, making it the second-largest school in Christchurch after Burnside High School.

Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River
The Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River is located within the city boundaries of Christchurch, New Zealand. It is primarily fed by springs near Templeton Road, with its catchment area extending westward to Yaldhurst and Pound Road during wet weather. The river meanders around the base of the Port Hills, flowing from west to south-east.
Comox Glacier
The Comox Glacier is a glacier in Strathcona Provincial Park on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located 30 km (19 mi) southwest of Courtenay and 1 km (0.62 mi) west of Argus Mountain.

The highest elevation of the Comox Glacier, 1,960 m (6,430 ft), refers to a rocky outcrop on the north side of the glacier.  Lacking an official name, it is referred to as the Comox Glacier summit.

The Comox Glacier is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.

Courtenay, British Columbia
Courtenay (/ˈkɔːrtni/ KORT-nee) is a city of 28,420 on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is the largest community and only city in the area commonly known as the Comox Valley. Courtenay is the seat of the Comox Valley Regional District; this district replaced the Comox-Strathcona Regional District. Courtenay is 4 km (2.5 mi) west of the town of Comox, 7 km (4.3 mi) northeast of the village of Cumberland, 5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of the unincorporated settlement of Royston, and 108 km (67 mi) northwest of Nanaimo.

It was named after the nearby river, Courtenay River, which in turn had been named for Rear-Admiral Courtenay.

Courtenay and nearby Comox are served by the coast-spanning Island Highway, the Island Rail Corridor, and a local airport in Comox.