hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matrix representation of Maxwell's equations
In electromagnetism, a branch of fundamental physics, the matrix representations of the Maxwell's equations are a formulation of Maxwell's equations using matrices, complex numbers, and vector calculus.  These representations are for a homogeneous medium, an approximation in an inhomogeneous medium. A matrix representation for an inhomogeneous medium was presented using a pair of matrix equations. A single equation using 4 × 4 matrices is necessary and sufficient for any homogeneous medium. For an inhomogeneous medium it necessarily requires 8 × 8 matrices.

Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field
There are various mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field that are used in the study of electromagnetism, one of the four fundamental interactions of nature. In this article, several approaches are discussed, although the equations are in terms of electric and magnetic fields, potentials, and charges with currents, generally speaking.
The Randy Abel Stable
The Randy Abel Stable (Chinese: 马厩乐队; pinyin: Mǎjiù Yuèduì)  is an Americana or Alt-Country band from Beijing, China. Critically acclaimed for their live shows, "The Stable" combines honky tonk, country, bluegrass and blues to produce a unique sound that has been described as having "the realism and sadness of Townes Van Zandt, the imagery and lyricism of Hank Williams Sr. and the excitement and raw energy of the Ramones." Playing a variety of musical instruments which are native to the United States of America and are seldom seen in China—e.g. banjo, mandolin, dobro and harmonica, The Stable draws inspiration from a wide range of genres. The band's typical live performance takes its predominantly Chinese audience through a musical journey of honky tonk, country, bluegrass and blues with a high energy live show composed of original country ballads, crisp honky tonk dance tunes, Mississippi Delta blues and traditional Rock N' Roll.

Alternative country
Alternative country (commonly abbreviated to alt-country; insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.
Porc-Épic River
The Porc-Épic River is a tributary of the Malbaie River, flowing into the unorganized territory of Lac-Pikauba, in Charlevoix Regional County Municipality, in the Capitale-Nationale administrative region, in the province of Quebec, in Canada. Most of the Porc-Épic River flows into the territory of the Zec des Martres, except for the last 1.6 km (0.99 mi) before reaching its mouth.

The hydrographic slope of the Porc-Épic River is served mainly by a secondary forest road that goes up this valley for forestry and recreational tourism purposes.

Forestry is the main economic activity of the sector; recreational tourism activities, second.

The surface of the Porc-Épic River is usually frozen from early December to late March, however, safe ice movement is generally from mid-December to mid-March.

Zec des Martres
The Zec des Martres is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone), in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pikauba, in Charlevoix Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, Quebec, Canada.

The Zec is located in public lands. It is managed by the Association de plein air des Martres, which is a non-profit organization. The Zec has a mission to develop the land and make it available to the general public for outdoor activities including: hiking, quad/snowmobile, camping, hunting, fishing and watching scenery, flora and fauna.
Paul Otofe
Lucky Paul Otofe (born 23 September 1989) is a Nigerian professional footballer who currently plays as a forward. After joining Bulgarian club Shumen in 2014, between the summer of 2016 and February 2018 he was under contract with Vitosha Bistritsa, scoring a goal against Neftochimic Burgas in a playoff match held in June 2017 that secured the team's first ever promotion to the top division of Bulgarian football. Subsequently to leaving Vitosha, Otofe played for Strumska Slava, Germanea and Nadezhda Dobroslavtsi, signing for the latter in July 2019.

FC Vitosha Bistritsa
FC Vitosha (Bulgarian: ФК Витоша) is a Bulgarian association football club based in Bistritsa, Sofia City Province, which competes in the Southwest Third League, the third tier of Bulgarian football. It is named after the Vitosha mountain range, where Bistritsa is located.

Vitosha was founded in 1958, however, the club spent the majority of its history playing in lower leagues. In 2017, Vitosha managed to promote to the First League for the first time ever. The club was relegated after the 2019–20 season and re-founded in 2021.

The club became notable for having Bulgaria's prime minister, Boyko Borisov, as a registered player of the squad in the lower divisions. The increased popularity of the club due to Borisov's presence led to its coach and players being featured on the TV series BNT Taxi in 2011.
Serbia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2026
Serbia is set to be represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2026 with the song "Kraj mene", written by Andrija Cvetanović, Bojan Ilić, Ivan Jegdić, Luka Aranđelović, Nikola Petrović, Pavle Aranđelović and Pavle Samardžić, and performed by the band Lavina. The Serbian participating broadcaster, Radio Television of Serbia (RTS), organised the national final Pesma za Evroviziju '26 in order to select its entry for the contest.

Pesma za Evroviziju '25
Pesma za Evroviziju '25 (Serbian Cyrillic: Песма за Евровизију '25; PzE '25) was the fourth edition of Pesma za Evroviziju, the national final organised by Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) to select the Serbian entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2025. The selection consisted of two semi-finals held on 25 and 26 February 2025, respectively, and a final on 28 February 2025, all presented by Dragana Kosjerina and Kristina Radenković.
Pleuron (Aetolia)
Pleuron (Ancient Greek: Πλευρών, gen.: Πλευρῶνος; Greek: Πλευρώνα, Plevrona or Ασφακοβούνι, Asfakovouni) was a city in ancient Aetolia, Greece. The name refers to two settlements, the older of which was at the foot of Mount Curium between the river Acheloos and the river Evenos, and was mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad. The territory of Pleuron was called Pleuronia. The ruins of this more ancient city are 1.5 km to the southeast of the newer one. The circuit wall exhibits "the large roughly shaped stones and small stones in the interstices which are the characteristics of Cyclopean masonry."

Evinos
Evinos (Greek: Εύηνος) is a 92-kilometre-long (57 mi) river in western Greece, flowing into the Gulf of Patras. Its source is in the northern Vardousia mountains, near the village Artotina, Phocis. The river flows in a generally southwestern direction, for most of its length in Aetolia-Acarnania. It feeds the reservoir of Lake Evinos, that is about 10km². The river flows through a deep forested valley with few small villages. In its lower course it flows through lowlands, and it empties into the Gulf of Patras 10km southeast of Missolonghi. The village Evinochori near its mouth owes its name to this river.
Sarezzo
Sarezzo (Brescian: Sarès; locally Harèh) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy. It is located in the Trompia valley. Neighbouring communes are Lumezzane, Villa Carcina, Polaveno and Gardone Val Trompia.  In 2011 its population was 13,547. The comune is made of four frazioni (villages): Sarezzo, Zanano, Ponte Zanano, and Noboli, although today these have grown into each other and there is no visible distinction. Indeed, Sarezzo, 13 km from the city centre of Brescia, is today part its urban area (population 350,000).

Lumezzane
Lumezzane (Brescian: Lömezane, locally Lömedhane [lømɛˈðanɛ]) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Brescia, in the Italian region of Lombardy. With a population of 22,255 (as of 2017), it is one of the largest towns in its province. It is situated in the Gobbia Valley, which is a side valley of the Trompia Valley.
Baiame
In Australian Aboriginal mythology, Baiame (or Biame, Biami, Baayami, 
Baayama or Byamee) is the creator god and sky father  in the Dreaming of several Aboriginal Australian peoples of south-eastern Australia, such as the Wonnarua, Kamilaroi, Guringay, Eora, Darkinjung, and Wiradjuri peoples.

Wonnarua
The Wonnarua people, otherwise written Wanarruwa, are a group of Aboriginal Australian people united by strong ties of kinship, and who survived in family groups or clans scattered along the inland area of what is now known as the Upper Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia. Their creation spirit is Baiami, also known as Koin, the creator of all things and the Keeper of the Valley.
Rozanne Kruger
Rozanne Kruger is a South African academic and registered dietitian, and is a full professor at Griffith University, specialising in developing new dietary assessment strategies, to examine patterns of dietary intake and behaviour, and training dietitians.

Nutrition (journal)
Nutrition is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering nutrition science. It was established in 1985 under the name Nutrition International, obtaining its current name in 1987. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Alessandro Laviano (Sapienza University of Rome).
Doctor Detective (Thai TV series)
Doctor Detective (Thai: สืบลับหมอระบาด) is a Thai medical drama television series produced by Magic If One Entertainment. The series is based on a novel by Piyaporn Wayuparp, and the cast includes Nadech Kugimiya, Kimberley Anne Woltemas, Purita Suphinchumphu and Alex Rendell along with Nipaporn Thitithanakarn, Wisarut Hiranbut, Nopphawit Thaitae, Sanya Kunakorn, Songsit Roongnophakunsri, Kwanruedee Klomklom, Polwat Manuprasert, Sarut Wichitranond and Niti Chaichitathorn.

Kimberley Anne Woltemas
Kimberley Anne Woltemas (Thai: คิมเบอร์ลี แอน โวลเทมัส เทียมศิริ; born January 22, 1992) is a Thai-German 
actress and model. She made her breakthrough in acting career after she played the role of Nam in the series 4 Huajai Haeng Koon Kao (4 Hearts of the Mountains) for the first part of the series, Thara Himalaya, where she was paired up with Atichart Chumnanon.
Peter Scot
Peter Scot is a brand of Indian whisky, manufactured by Khoday India Limited (KIL), and launched in May 1968. It is a flagship brand of the company and is manufactured at their Bangalore facility. In Khoday Distilleries Limited vs. The Scotch Whisky Association and Others, Peter Warren, an employee of Khoday, told the Supreme Court of India that the brand name Peter Scot was made up using his father's first name, "Peter", and his nationality, "Scot". Another factor in choosing the name was due to the British explorer, Captain Scott, and his son Peter Scott. Although the name "Scott" is spelt with two t's, it is phonetically the same as the word Scot. The brand's main competitors are Pernod Ricard's Blenders Pride and United Spirits Limited's Royal Challenge.

Peter Scott
Sir Peter Markham Scott (14 September 1909 – 29 August 1989) was a British ornithologist, conservationist, painter, naval officer, broadcaster and sportsman. The only child of Antarctic explorer Robert Falcon Scott, he took an interest in observing and shooting wildfowl at a young age and later took to their breeding.

He established the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust in Slimbridge in 1946 and helped found the World Wide Fund for Nature, the logo of which he designed. He was a yachting enthusiast from an early age and took up gliding in mid-life. He was part of the UK team for the 1936 Summer Olympics and won a bronze medal in sailing a one-man dinghy. He was knighted in 1973 for his work in conservation of wild animals and was also a recipient of the WWF Gold Medal and the J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize.
Czechoslovak Athletics Championships
The Czechoslovak Athletics Championships (Czech: Mistrovství Československé v atletice) was an annual outdoor track and field competition organised by the Czechoslovakia Athletics Association, which served as the national championship for the sport in Czechoslovakia.

Typically organised in July or August, the event was first held in 1919 (the first summer after the country's formation) until 1992. The competition was not held in the years from 1938 to 1944 due to World War II and ran for 66 editions in total. It was superseded by the Czech Athletics Championships and Slovak Athletics Championships following the country's dissolution in 1993. Czechoslovakia had sometimes hosted separate Czech and Slovak sub-national championships before then.

The Czechoslovak Indoor Athletics Championships was later introduced in 1969 to complement the summer outdoor event with a spring one.

3000 metres steeplechase
The 3000 metres steeplechase or 3000-meter steeplechase (usually abbreviated as 3000mSC) is the most common distance for the steeplechase in track and field. It is an obstacle race over the distance of the 3000 metres, which derives its name from the horse racing steeplechase.
Military history of Azerbaijan
The military history of Azerbaijan is framed within thousands of years of armed actions of many other states in the territory encompassing modern Azerbaijan, as well as the shorter history of interventions by the Azerbaijani Armed Forces in conflicts abroad. The Azerbaijanis are the inheritors of the lands of various ancient civilizations and peoples including the indigenous Caucasian Albanians, Iranian tribes such as Scythians and Alans, and Oghuz Turks among others (note that several modern peoples of the Caucasus can trace their ancestries to more than one of these same ancient peoples).

Azerbaijan's location on the crossroads of Asia and Europe made it possible for Azerbaijanis to have military contact with both the Asian and European military powers.

Ganja, Azerbaijan
Ganja (/ˈɡændʒə/; Azerbaijani: Gəncə [ɟænˈdʒæ] ⓘ) is Azerbaijan's second largest city, with a population of around 335,600. The city has been a historic and cultural center throughout most of its existence. It was the capital of the Ganja Khanate until 1804; after Qajar Iran ceded it to the Russian Empire following the Treaty of Gulistan in 1813, it became part of the administrative divisions of the Georgia Governorate, Georgia-Imeretia Governorate, Tiflis Governorate, and Elizavetpol Governorate. Following the dissolution of the Russian Empire and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic, it became a part of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, followed by the Azerbaijan SSR, and, since 1991, the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Luther O'Neal
Luther O'Neal (May 15, 1889 – death unknown) was an American Negro league catcher in the 1910s.

A native of Lincoln County, Tennessee, O'Neal made his Negro leagues debut in 1910 with the West Baden Sprudels. He played five seasons with the Sprudels, and also played for the Louisville White Sox and Indianapolis ABCs in 1914.

Lincoln County, Tennessee
Lincoln County is a county located in the south central part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,319. Its county seat and largest city is Fayetteville. The county is named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln, an officer in the American Revolutionary War.
1971 European Athletics Championships – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres at the 1971 European Athletics Championships was held in Helsinki, Finland, at Helsinki Olympic Stadium on 10 and 11 August 1971.

The winning margin was 0.22 seconds which with the conclusion of the 2024 championships remains the only time the men's 100 metres has been won by more than 0.2 seconds at these championships.

Helsinki Olympic Stadium
The Helsinki Olympic Stadium (Finnish: Helsingin Olympiastadion; Swedish: Helsingfors Olympiastadion), located in the Töölö district about 2.3 kilometres (1.4 mi) from the centre of the Finnish capital Helsinki, is the largest stadium in the country. The stadium is best known for being the centre of activities in the 1952 Summer Olympics. During those games, it hosted athletics, equestrian show jumping, and the football finals.

The stadium was also the venue for the first Bandy World Championship in 1957, the first and tenth World Athletics Championships, in 1983 and 2005. It hosted the European Athletics Championships in 1971, 1994 and 2012. It is also the home stadium of the Finland national football team.

The stadium reopened in August 2020 after four years of renovation.
OpenPlans
OpenPlans is a non-profit that advocates for making the streets of New York City livable for all residents. Open Plans uses tactical urbanism, grassroots advocacy, policy and targeted journalism to promote structural reforms within city government that support livable streets, neighborhoods and the city-at-large. The organization was founded in 1999 by Mark Gorton,  the creator of LimeWire.

Tactical urbanism
Tactical urbanism (also referred to as guerrilla urbanism, pop-up urbanism, city repair, D.I.Y. urbanism, planning-by-doing, urban acupuncture, and urban prototyping) is a low-cost, temporary change to the built environment, usually in cities, intended to improve local neighbourhoods and city gathering places.

Tactical urbanism is often citizen-led but can also be initiated by government entities. Community-led temporary installations are often intended to pressure government agencies into installing a more permanent or expensive version of the improvement.
Olsvik
Olsvik is a neighborhood in the city of Bergen in Vestland county, Norway.  It is located in the western part of the borough of Laksevåg, just west of the mountain Lyderhorn.  The area is dominated by low-rise residential areas.  It features Olsvik School, Olsvikåsen Upper Secondary School, and Olsvik Church. Olsvik is east of Godvik, west of Kjøkkelvik, north of Loddefjorddalen and Storavatnet, and south of the Byfjorden.  It consists of the basic statistical units Festeråsen, Olsvikstallen, Olsvikfjellet, Olsvikmarka, Fredheim, Olsvikåsen, and Brønndalen.  As of 2009, it had 4,878 residents and covered 1.36 square kilometres (0.53 sq mi).

Lyderhorn
Lyderhorn is a mountain in Bergen Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is one of "De syv fjell", the seven mountains surrounding the city centre of Bergen. It is the starting location of Bergen Turlag's annual trip of the mountains. It is located by Liavatnet approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west of the city center. Due to its prominent visibility from the seas, it has historically been a navigational mark for sailors. The 329-metre (1,079 ft) tall Ørnafjellet is an adjacent peak, and below Ørnafjellet are the two lakes Skåleviksvatnet and Søre Skåleviksvatnet. North of Ørnafjellet is Kvarven fort, a strategic point during World War II, still featuring several bunkers and cannon positions used in the defense of Bergen. Lyderhorn, Ørnafjellet, and Kvarven are popular hiking areas.

Folklore has it that Lyderhorn was a gathering location for witches on Midsummer night, Valborg night (the night of May 1), and at Yule.
Pancho Vladigerov
Pancho Haralanov Vladigerov (or Wladigeroff, Wladigerow, Vladiguerov, Vladigueroff; Bulgarian: Панчо Хараланов Владигеров [ˈpant͡ʃo xɐrɐˈɫanov vɫɐdiˈɡɛrof]; 13 March 1899 – 8 September 1978) was a Bulgarian composer, pedagogue, and pianist.

Vladigerov is arguably the most influential Bulgarian composer of all time. He was one of the first to successfully combine idioms of Bulgarian folk music and classical music. Part of the so-called Second Generation Bulgarian Composers, he was among the founding members of the Bulgarian Contemporary Music Society (1933), which later became the Union of Bulgarian Composers. Vladigerov marked the beginning of a number of genres in Bulgarian music, including the violin sonata and the piano trio. He was also a very respected pedagogue; his students include practically all notable Bulgarian composers of the next generation, such as Alexander Raichev, Alexander Yossifov, Stefan Remenkov, and many others, as well as the pianist Alexis Weissenberg.

Violin sonata
A violin sonata is a musical composition for violin, often accompanied by a keyboard instrument and in earlier periods with a bass instrument doubling the keyboard bass line. The violin sonata developed from a simple baroque form with no fixed format to a standardised and complex classical form. Since the romantic age some composers have pushed the boundaries of both the classical format as well as the use of the instruments.
Bhoomiyile Rajakkanmar
Bhoomiyile Rajakkanmar (transl. Kings of the Earth) is a 1987 Indian Malayalam-language political thriller film directed by Thampi Kannanthanam, written by Dennis Joseph, and produced by Joy Thomas under the company Jubilee Productions. It features Mohanlal, Suresh Gopi, Nalini, Balan K. Nair, Adoor Bhasi, Jagadish, and Jagathy Sreekumar in major roles. The music for the film was composed by S. P. Venkatesh. This film was remade in Telugu.

Balan K. Nair
Balakrishnan Kuttiraman Nair, more popularly known as Balan K. Nair (4 April 1933 – 26 August 2000) was an Indian actor known for his roles in Malayalam cinema. Although he appeared as a villain in most films, he was also noted for his performances in strong character roles. He emerged as one of the top villain of Malayalam cinema in the second half of the 1970s and played some of the best villain characters in Malayalam films during that period. He won the National Film Award for Best Actor in 1981 for his performance as Govindan in the film Oppol.
By the Lake
By the Lake (Russian: У озера, romanized: U ozera) is a two-part 1969 Soviet film directed by Sergei Gerasimov. In 1971 the USSR State Prize for this film  was awarded to Sergei Gerasimov, cinematographer Vladimir Rapoport, art director Pyotr Galadzhev, and the group of leading actors: Oleg Zhakov, Vasily Shukshin, Natalya Belokhvostikova.

Cinema of the Soviet Union
The cinema of the Soviet Union includes films produced by the constituent republics of the Soviet Union reflecting elements of their pre-Soviet culture, language and history, albeit they were all regulated by the central government in Moscow. Most prolific in their republican films, after the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, were Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, and, to a lesser degree, Lithuania, Belarus and Moldavia. At the same time, the nation's film industry, which was fully nationalized throughout most of the country's history, was guided by philosophies and laws propounded by the monopoly Soviet Communist Party which introduced a new view on the cinema, socialist realism, which was different from the one before or after the existence of the Soviet Union.
Luis Miqueles Caridi
Luis Miqueles Caridi (July 30, 1911 – August 12, 2000) was commander in chief of the Chilean Army.

Caridi was a Chilean soldier who held the rank of army general and was commander in chief of the Chilean Army from July 5, 1967, to May 3, 1968.

Army general
Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime.

In countries that adopt the general officer four-rank system, it is the rank of a general commanding a field army. However, in some countries such as Brazil, Ecuador and Peru, which have adopted the three-rank system, the rank of army general is immediately above that of divisional general. As such, it is the rank of commander of an army corps or larger formations. The equivalent position in the Commonwealth, U.S., and several other countries is simply general, four-star rank, or informally "full general".