hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lu Wang (biostatistician)
Lu Wang is a Chinese-American biostatistician whose research topics have included causal inference, dynamic decision-making for medical treatments, missing data, and environmental health. She has also studied the correlation between mercury from seafood and autoimmune disease, and the benefits of providing improved transportation services for healthcare, as a member of the Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy & Innovation. She is a professor of biostatistics and associate chair for research in biostatistics in the University of Michigan School of Public Health.

University of Michigan School of Public Health
The University of Michigan School of Public Health is the public health school of the University of Michigan, a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. The school is one of the oldest schools of public health in the country and is considered one of the top schools focusing on health in the United States. Founded in 1941, the School of Public Health grew out of the University of Michigan's degree programs in public health, some of which date back to the 19th century.
Gymnastics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's triathlon
The men's triathlon was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the gymnastics programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the only time the event was held at the Olympics. The competition was held on Friday, July 1, 1904, and on Saturday, July 2, 1904. One hundred and nineteen gymnasts from three nations competed.

The three apparatus used were the horizontal bar, the parallel bars, and the horse (itself actually split further between the "long horse" or vault and the "side horse" or pommel horse). Each gymnast performed two compulsory routines and one optional routine on each apparatus, with the compulsory routines split between the two versions of the horse and the optional horse routine being on the side horse. The maximum score in each routine was 5, for a total maximum of 45.

Scores from this event, as well as the athletics triathlon event, were used to determine final scoring in the gymnastic all-around event.

Vault (gymnastics)
The vault is an artistic gymnastics maneuver typically performed on a pommel horse or a vaulting table. Both male and female gymnasts perform the vault. The English abbreviation for the event in gymnastics scoring is VT.
Maria Grazia Rosin
Maria Grazia Rosin (born 1958) is an Italian glass artist. Her work is in the permanent collection of Corning Museum of Glass, New York; Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh; Kunst Museum, Düsseldorf; and Murano Glass Museum, Italy.

Carnegie Museum of Art
The Carnegie Museum of Art is an art museum in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The museum was originally known as the Department of Fine Arts, Carnegie Institute and was located at what became the Main Branch of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. The museum's first gallery was opened for public viewing on November 5, 1895. Over the years, the gallery vastly increased in size, with a new building on Forbes Avenue built in 1907. In 1963, the name was officially changed to Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute. The size of the gallery has tripled over time, and it was officially renamed in 1986 to "Carnegie Museum of Art" to indicate it clearly as one of the four Carnegie Museums.
Peter Shire
Peter Shire (born 1947) is a Los Angeles–based artist.  Shire was born in the Echo Park district of Los Angeles, where he currently lives and works. His sculpture, furniture and ceramics have been exhibited in the United States, Italy, France, Japan and Poland. His work includes a sculpture in Elysian Park to honor the work done by Grace Simons and Peter Glass which kept the park open as green space.

Shire has been associated with the Memphis Group of designers, has worked on the Design Team for the 1984 Summer Olympics with the American Institute of Architects, and has designed public sculptures in Los Angeles and other California cities. Shire has been honored by awards for his contribution to the cultural life of the City of Los Angeles.

In 2019, Shire's work was showcased at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Tucson, Arizona.

Museum of Contemporary Art, Tucson
The Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA) in Tucson, Arizona, United States, was founded in 1997, by Julia Latané, James Graham, and David Wright.
The museum was founded to create a permanent institution for contemporary art in Tucson's arts district. Originally housed in the HazMat building on Toole Avenue, the museum relocated to the former fire department building on Church Avenue in 2010.
2017 Jamaica coalition exploratory talks
The Jamaica coalition exploratory talks in October and November 2017 regarding the possibility of a black-yellow-green federal government in Germany (Jamaika-Koalition between the CDU/CSU (Union), FDP and Alliance 90/The Greens) began four weeks after the 2017 German federal election on 24 October 2017. Shortly before midnight on 19–20 November 2017, the FDP declared the talks to be a failure. This led to the continuation of the black-red grand coalition of the CDU/CSU and Social Democratic Party (SPD), which had been in place since 2013, with Angela Merkel's fourth cabinet.

Cem Özdemir
Cem Özdemir (German: [ˈdʒɛm ˈøsdemiːɐ̯]; Turkish: [ˈdʒem ˈœzdemiɾ]; born 21 December 1965) is a German politician who served as Federal Minister of Food and Agriculture in the cabinet of Chancellor Olaf Scholz from 2021 to 2025. He is a member of the Alliance 90/The Greens party.

Between 2008 and 2018, Özdemir co-chaired the Green Party, together with Claudia Roth and later Simone Peter. He has been a Member of the German Bundestag since 2013, previously holding a seat between 1994 and 2002. From 2004 to 2009, he served as a Member of the European Parliament. Alongside Katrin Göring-Eckardt, he stood as one of the top two Green candidates in the 2017 federal election. From 2018 until 2021, he chaired the Bundestag Committee on Transport. In November 2024, following the government crisis, he replaced Free Democratic Party (FDP) politician Bettina Stark-Watzinger as Federal Minister of Education and Research.
Meme pool
A meme pool is the sum total of all memes (transmittable units of cultural ideas, practices, symbols) present in a given human population.  The term is analogous to gene pool. The meme pool is in essence the matrix of the whole of the culture of a population.  Because the memes of instruction of production of material culture are included, then the entire culture, including material culture and interactions between individuals is determined by information held within the meme pool. The state of a meme pool determines what sort of memes will be reproductive, and in this way it may be thought of as the meme-logical environment.

Examples of meme pools may include large Internet communities such as imageboards, online forums, and wikis. More tangibly, large shopping malls, schools, and other social institutions may be included in the definition of a meme pool.

The term was coined by Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Gene.

Imageboard
An imageboard (IB) is a type of Internet forum that focuses on the posting of images, often alongside text and discussion. The first imageboards were created in Japan as an extension of the textboard concept. These sites later inspired the creation of a number of English-language imageboards.
Spangle Lake
Spangle Lake is a small alpine lake in Elmore County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lake is located at the intersection Sawtooth National Forest trails 462, 463, and 460.

Spangle Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries.  Little Spangle Lake is just downstream of Spangle Lake while Lake Ingeborg is just upstream. The Spangle lakes are the source of the Middle Fork Boise River.

Boise River
The Boise River is a 102-mile-long (164 km) tributary of the Snake River in the Northwestern United States. It drains a rugged portion of the Sawtooth Range in southwestern Idaho northeast of Boise, as well as part of the western Snake River Plain. The watershed encompasses approximately 4,100 square miles (11,000 km2) of highly diverse habitats, including alpine canyons, forest, rangeland, agricultural lands, and urban areas.
Nana (surname)
Nana is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abrewa Nana (born 1980), Ghanaian singer, songwriter, dancer and former Idol series judge

Antoinette Nana Djimou (born 1985), French-Cameroonian heptathlete

Daniel Nana Yeboah (born 1978), Ghanaian football player

Harding Nana (born 1981), Cameroonian basketball player

Karl Te Nana (born 1975), New Zealand rugby player

Kojo Nana Obiri-Yeboah, prominent Pentecostal pastor from Ghana active primarily in Uganda

Lek Nana (c. 1924–2010), Thai businessman and politician

Mizaistom Nana, a fictional character in the manga series Hunter × Hunter

Parbhu Nana (1933–?), East African cricketer

Prince Nana (born 1977), American professional wrestler of Ghanaian extraction

Prince Nana (footballer) (born 1981), Danish-Ghanaian football player

Antoinette Nana Djimou
Ida Antoinette Nana Djimou (born 2 August 1985 in Douala, Cameroon) is a Cameroonian-French heptathlete and pentathlete. She has won two
European Athletics Championships heptathlon gold medals (in 2012 and 2014) and two European Athletics Indoor Championships pentathlon gold medals (in 2011 and 2013). Her heptathlon personal best result is 6576 points, achieved at the 2012 Olympics in London.

She acquired French nationality by naturalization on 28 August 2003.
Dania Pérez
Dania Pérez Serrano (born 24 July 1973) is a track and road cyclist from Cuba. She represented her nation at the 1996 Summer Olympics on the road in the women's road race and on the track in the women's points race. At the 2000 Summer Olympics she competed in the women's road race.

Cycling at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's individual road race
The women's road race was one of the cycling events at the 2000 Summer Olympics. The race was held on Tuesday, 26 September 2000 with a race distance of 119.7 km. Because the top three were so close there was a photo finish.
Logie Awards of 2002
The 44th Annual TV Week Logie Awards was held on Sunday 28 April 2002 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast on the Nine Network. The ceremony was hosted by Wendy Harmer, and guests included Frankie Muniz and Ronn Moss.

Crown Melbourne
Crown Melbourne (also referred to as Crown Casino and Entertainment Complex) is an integrated resort consisting of a casino and hotel located on the south bank of the Yarra River, in Melbourne, Australia. Crown Melbourne is a subsidiary of Crown Resorts, and was the first casino of the now-international Crown brand.

Initially having opened in 1994 on the north bank of the Yarra River, Crown Melbourne relocated and re–opened on the south bank of the Yarra, in 1997. It remains one of the central features of the Southbank precinct of the Melbourne central business district. The entire complex has a space of 510,000 m2–equivalent to two city blocks—making it the largest casino complex in the Southern Hemisphere and one of the largest in the world. The complex also hosts three hotels; the Crown Towers, Crown Promenade and Crown Metropol.

It was founded, owned and run by Lloyd Williams until taken over by Publishing & Broadcasting Limited in 1999.
Pseudopterygium
Pseudopterygium is the conjunctival adhesion to cornea caused by limbal or corneal inflammation or trauma. The pseudopterygium can be easily distinguished from pterygium by bowman's probe test. Because of the lack of adherence of pseudopterygium at every point, the probe can be passed beneath it at some point.

Corneal limbus
The corneal limbus (Latin: corneal border) is a highly vascularized and pigmented zone between the cornea, conjunctiva, and the sclera (the white of the eye) that protects and heals the cornea. The cornea is composed of three primary cell types: epithelial cells, corneal fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. The corneal surface is one of the body's most specialized structures that undergoes continuous cellular renewal and regeneration. It contains limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) in the palisades of Vogt. Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) can lead to disorders where limbal stem cells are damaged or absent. Additional disorders involving the corneal limbus are caused by deficiencies in interactions between ocular structures, developmental anomalies, and cancer.

This article explores the structure, functions, disorders, and clinical significance of the corneal limbus.
Braude
Braude is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Semion Braude (1911–2003), Ukrainian physicist and radio astronomer

Leopold Janno Braude, native name of the inventor of the Brodie helmet

Stephen E. Braude (1945–2026), American philosopher

Jim Braude (born 1949), American journalist

Marvin Braude (1920–2005), American politician

Anna Braude Heller (1888–1943), Polish pediatrician

Brodie helmet
The Brodie helmet is a steel combat helmet designed and patented in London in 1915 by Latvian inventor John Leopold Brodie (Leopolds Janno Braude). A modified form of it became the Helmet, Steel, Mark I in Britain and the M1917 Helmet in the US. Colloquially, it was called the shrapnel helmet, battle bowler, Tommy helmet, tin hat, and in the United States the doughboy helmet. It was also known as the dishpan hat, tin pan hat, washbasin and Kelly helmet. The German Army called it the Salatschüssel (salad bowl).
Lou Myers (cartoonist)
Lou Myers (1915 – November 20, 2005) was a cartoonist and short story writer.

He was the first person since James Thurber to contribute both cartoons and articles to The New Yorker.  His work has also appeared in The New York Times, The Nation, Esquire, Playboy, Penthouse, The Realist and Mother Jones.

Mother Jones (magazine)
Mother Jones (abbreviated MoJo) is a nonprofit American progressive magazine that focuses on news, commentary, and investigative journalism on topics including politics, environment, human rights, health, healthcare and culture. Clara Jeffery serves as editor-in-chief of the magazine. Monika Bauerlein has been the CEO since 2015. Mother Jones was published by the Foundation for National Progress, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit, until 2024, when it merged with current publisher The Center for Investigative Reporting, the oldest investigative nonprofit news organization in the U.S.

The magazine is named after Mary Harris Jones, known as Mother Jones, an Irish-American trade union activist, socialist advocate, and ardent opponent of child labor.
NTSC-J
NTSC-J or "System J" is the informal designation for the analogue television standard used in Japan. The system is based on the US NTSC (NTSC-M) standard with minor differences. While NTSC-M is an official CCIR and FCC standard, NTSC-J or "System J" are a colloquial indicators.

The system was introduced by NHK and NTV, with regular color broadcasts starting on 10 September 1960.

NTSC-J was replaced by digital broadcasts in 44 of the country's 47 prefectures on 24 July 2011. Analogue broadcasting ended on 31 March 2012 in the three prefectures devastated by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami (Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima) and the subsequent Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.

The term NTSC-J is also incorrectly and informally used to distinguish regions in console video games, which use televisions (see Marketing definition below).

Standard illuminant
A standard illuminant is a theoretical source of visible light with a spectral power distribution that is published. Standard illuminants provide a basis for comparing images or colors recorded under different lighting.
Calcein
Calcein, also known as fluorexon, fluorescein complex, is a fluorescent dye with excitation and emission wavelengths of 495 and 515 nm, respectively, and has the appearance of orange crystals. Calcein self-quenches at concentrations above 70 mM and is commonly used as an indicator of lipid vesicle leakage. It has also been traditionally used as a complexometric indicator for titration of calcium ions with EDTA, and for fluorometric determination of calcium.

Titration
Titration (also known as titrimetry and volumetric analysis) is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis to determine the concentration of an identified analyte (a substance to be analyzed). A reagent, termed the titrant or titrator, is prepared as a standard solution of known concentration and volume. The titrant reacts with a solution of analyte (which may also be termed the titrand) to determine the analyte's concentration. The volume of titrant that reacted with the analyte is termed the titration volume.
Cemil Ozyurt
Cemil Ozyurt (born 1976) is a Turkish-American journalist, media manager, and co-founder & editor-in-chief of the U.S.-based Turk of America, the first Turkish-American magazine in English. He is also co-founder & Editor-in-Chief of Turk Avenue, a Turkish global business portal and Co-founder of Golden Turk Awards, the only independent organization created to reward successful Turkish Americans.

Turk of America
Turk of America is an English-language quarterly Turkish magazine which reports news about Turkish businesses and the Turkish community in the United States. It was founded in 2002 with its first issue published in August of the same year. "The magazine is not affiliated with any political organization, party, ethnic group, or ideology."

Turk of America is based in New York City. The magazine  is distributed in Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Virginia, and Washington, D.C. by subscription, and has a circulation of over 10,000.

The magazine has interviewed major figures including Süleyman Demirel, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Kürşad Tüzmen, Güler Sabancı, Ferit Şahenk, Melih Abdulhayoglu, Arif Mardin, Sezen Aksu, Sertab Erener, Fahir Atakoğlu, and Demir Demirkan.
Murray Walker
Graeme Murray Walker (10 October 1923 – 13 March 2021) was an English motorsport commentator and journalist. He provided television commentary of live Formula One coverage for the BBC between 1976 and 1996, and for ITV between 1997 and 2001.

During his 23-year run as full-time commentator, Walker became known for his animated enthusiasm, authoritative voice and comical blunders – dubbed "Murrayisms" by fans – during live races. His commentary voice has been likened to a "screech and resembles a 500cc engine being revved up". He retired from full-time commentary after the 2001 United States Grand Prix, but returned to broadcasting part-time in 2005 and made occasional appearances on the BBC, Channel 4, Network 10 and Sky Sports F1.

Sky Sports F1
Sky Sports F1 is a British pay television sports channel owned by Sky Group. Part of the Sky Sports networks, it primarily broadcasts coverage of the Formula One championship, including live coverage of all practices, qualifying sessions, and races, as well as studio programmes and archive content. The channel also carries coverage of other open-wheel motorsports competitions outside of F1, including the Formula 2 championship and the United States' IndyCar Series.

The channel was established in 2012 as part of Sky's acquisition of rights to Formula One in the UK and Ireland, a contract that has since been renewed through 2029. Sky's F1 coverage has also been syndicated to broadcasters in Canada and the United States. Since Sky's acquisition of the rights, a free-to-air package of highlights and selected live races have also been sub-licensed to a free-to-air network, currently Channel 4.
Trocadero (band)
Trocadero is an experimental rock band formed in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1997. The band's current lineup consists of Nico Audy-Rowland, Brandon Erdos, Violet Heart, and Martha Marin. Trocadero got its name after a subway stop in Paris. The band is best known for their contribution to the soundtrack of the web-series Red vs. Blue. Nico Audy-Rowland had discovered the show in 2003 and sent the creators a song, "Blood Gulch Blues", which would end up becoming the show's opening theme.

The band's debut album, Roses Are Red, Violets Are Blue, was released on 1 September 2004. Their latest album, the soundtrack to Season 17 of Red vs. Blue, was released in 2019. Nico Audy-Rowland was also involved in the Uggos, a collaboration with Jeff Williams that created the music for The Strangerhood, another Rooster Teeth series.

Experimental rock
Experimental rock (originally known as avant-garde rock or avant-rock) is a subgenre of rock music that emerged in the 1960s. The genre emphasizes innovation over commercial appeal, incorporating influences and ideas lifted from avant-garde music through traditional rock music instrumentation. It is primarily characterized by its use of unconventional song structures, musical techniques, rhythms and lyricism, usually deemed challenging, difficult, inaccessible or underground.
Rooker v. Fidelity Trust Co.
Rooker v. Fidelity Trust Co., 263 U.S. 413 (1923), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court enunciated a rule of civil procedure that would eventually become known as the Rooker-Feldman doctrine (also named for the later case of District of Columbia Court of Appeals v. Feldman, 460 U.S. 462 (1983). The doctrine holds that lower United States federal courts may not sit in direct review of state court decisions.

Federal judiciary of the United States
The federal judiciary of the United States is one of the three branches of the  U.S. federal government organized under the U.S. Constitution and laws of the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary does not include any state court (which includes local courts), which are completely independent from the federal government. The U.S. federal judiciary consists primarily of the U.S. Supreme Court, the U.S. courts of appeals, and the U.S. district courts. It also includes a variety of other lesser federal tribunals.

Article III of the Constitution requires the establishment of a Supreme Court and permits the Congress to create other federal courts and place limitations on their jurisdiction. Article III states that federal judges are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve until they resign, are impeached and convicted, or die.
Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus
Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus was a consul of the Roman Republic in 429 BC.

Lucretius belonged to the ancient patrician Lucretia gens whose ancestors had been among the first consuls of the Republic. Lucretius was (presumably) the son of Lucius Lucretius Tricipitinus, consul in 462 BC, and the father of Publius Lucretius Tricipitinus, consular tribune in 419 BC.

Diodorus Siculus has his praenomen as Opiter, while both Livy and Cassiodorus has him named Hostus.

Cassiodorus
Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585), commonly known as Cassiodorus (/ˌkæsioʊˈdɔːrəs/), was a Roman statesman, scholar, and writer who served in the administration of Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. Senator was part of his surname, not his rank. In his later years, he devoted himself to Christian learning and founded the Vivarium monastery, where he worked extensively during the final decades of his life.