hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Big Idea (marketing)
Big Idea in marketing and advertising is a term used to describe the core concept behind an advertising campaign, a brand, or product to the general public, by creating a strong message that resonates with the consumers.

The term "Big Idea" was introduced in 1960s in the United States during what became known in the advertising business as the "Creative Revolution". It was popularized through the works of ad executive David Ogilvy art directors George Lois and Louis Dorfsman, and in a book authored by Thomas H. Davenport, Laurence Prusak, and H. James Wilson.

Public
In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the Öffentlichkeit or public sphere.

The concept of a public has also been defined in political science, psychology, marketing, and advertising.  In public relations and communication science, it is one of the more ambiguous concepts in the field.

Although it has definitions in the theory of the field that have been formulated from the early 20th century onward, in more recent years it has suffered from being blurred, as a result of conflation of the idea of a public with the notions of audience, market segment, community, constituency, and stakeholder.
Josephites of Belgium
The Institute of the Josephites of Belgium (Latin: Institutum Iosephitarum Gerardimontensium), commonly called Josephites is a Roman Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men devoted to the Christian education of the youth It was founded in Ghent Belgium by Canon van Crombrugghe, in 1817. Its members add the nominal letters C.J. after their names to indicate membership in the Institute.

While their primary apostolate is the education of the youth, they also have a missionary past in Africa. Their headquarters is at Karmelietenstraat 57, 9500 Geraardsbergen, Belgium. The organisation is a Congregation of Pontifical Right.

Pontifical right
In Catholicism, "of pontifical right" is the term given to ecclesiastical institutions (religious and secular institutes, societies of apostolic life) either created by the Holy See, or approved by it with the formal decree known by the Latin name decretum laudis ('decree of praise'). The term is included in the names of institutions, often capitalised in English: "Institute of [xxx] of Pontifical Right".

The institutions of pontifical right depend immediately and exclusively on the Holy See on matters of internal governance and discipline.
Heartland (Nelly album)
Heartland is the eighth studio album by American rapper Nelly and his first album in eight years. It was released on August 27, 2021, via Columbia Records. It features guest appearances from Florida Georgia Line, Blanco Brown, Breland, Chris Bandi, City Spud, Darius Rucker, George Birge, Jimmie Allen and Kane Brown. The album peaked at number 45 on the US Billboard 200 and at number 37 in Canada.

Breland (singer)
Daniel Gerard Breland (born July 18, 1995), known mononymously as Breland (/ˈbriːlənd/ BREE-lənd; stylized in all caps), is an American rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer of a hybrid of country, hip-hop, R&B, gospel, and soul music. His 2019 debut single, "My Truck", rose to prominence the following year after gaining popular attention via social media, reaching No. 26 on Billboard's Hot Country Songs chart, and was remixed with Sam Hunt before being certified platinum for sales of one million units as of January 2021.

Breland has so far released two EPs and one album on Bad Realm/Atlantic Records, and his music been streamed on Spotify over 150 million times. He released his first full-length album, Cross Country, in September 2022.
Oluf Fuglerud
Oluf Fuglerud (17 August 1924 – 2 August 2019) was a Norwegian journalist and politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Fåberg Municipality. After finishing his secondary education in 1945, he graduated from the University of Manchester. He was a subeditor in Vårt Blad, journalist in Arbeiderbladet and Akershus Arbeiderblad. He was a press consultant at the Office of the Prime Minister from 1963, secretary in the Labour Party parliamentary caucus from 1966, then State Secretary in the Office of the Prime Minister as a member of Bratteli's First Cabinet and Bratteli's Second Cabinet (1971–1972, 1973–1976).

Fuglerud was also an elected politician, as a member of the municipal council of Lørenskog Municipality and from 1964 to 1967 chair of Lørenskog school board. From 1976 to 1990 he worked as the information director of Norol.

He resided at Fjellhamar, later at Finstadjordet. He died in 2019.

Finstadjordet
Finstadjordet is a densely populated place in the Lørenskog municipality in Akershus, Norway. Finstadjordet is located furthest east in the municipality towards Østmarka . Borders towards the places: Løkenåsen, Skårer, Sørli, Hammer and Losby . Finstadjordet is divided into the areas of Finstad, Løken and Nesåsen . The buildings are mixed and consist of terraced houses, blocks of flats, terraced blocks and detached houses. On the outskirts of the settlement there are also some farms.

Famous people from Finstadjordet: John Carew, Elisabeth Carew

59°54′54″N 10°58′09″E﻿ / ﻿59.91500°N 10.96917°E﻿ / 59.91500; 10.96917
1874 Belgian general election
Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 9 June 1874. The result was a victory for the Catholic Party, which won 68 of the 124 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 34 of the 62 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was 64.1%, although only 52,074 people were eligible to vote.

Under the alternating system, elections for the Chamber of Representatives were only held in four out of the nine provinces: Hainaut, Limburg, Liège and East Flanders.

Incumbent Head of Government Barthélémy de Theux de Meylandt was re-elected in the arrondissement of Hasselt but died on 21 August 1874. A special election was held on 27 September 1874 to replace him, which Henri de Pitteurs-Hiegaerts won.

Additionally, a special election was held in the arrondissement of Tielt to replace Gustave de Mûelenaere, who died on 8 July 1874; this is of note as future Prime Minister Auguste Beernaert was elected to succeed him.

Catholic Party (Belgium)
The Catholic Party (French: Parti catholique, pronounced [paʁti katɔlik]; Dutch: Katholieke Partij, pronounced [kɑtoːˈlikə pɑrˈtɛi]) was a Belgian political party established in 1869 as the Confessional Catholic Party (Dutch: Confessionele Katholieke Partij). In 1921, the party became the Catholic Union, and from 1936 the Catholic Block.
Boudougate
Boudougate is a political scandal in Argentina involving Vice President Amado Boudou and the printing house Ciccone Calcográfica. The AFIP, the revenue service of Argentina, requested Ciccone's bankruptcy in July 2010; but the AFIP reversed itself on September 24, 2010, and rescinded the bankruptcy request. A shell corporation named "The Old Fund", represented by Alejandro Vandenbroele, gave 2.3 million pesos to Ciccone; Vandenbroele became president of the organization as a result. Boudou, who was Minister of Economy at the time, instructed the AFIP to give Ciccone an exceptional moratorium to refinance debts. Boudou denied having any relationship with Vandenbroele, or even knowing about him, but it was confirmed later that Vandenbroele paid the rent and the cable television bill for an apartment belonging to Boudou.

Ministry of Economy (Argentina)
The Ministry of Economy (Spanish: Ministerio de Economía) of Argentina is the country's state treasury and a ministry of the national executive power that manages economic policy.

The Ministry of Economy is one of the oldest ministries in the Argentine government, having existed continuously since the formation of the first Argentine executive in 1854, in the presidency of Justo José de Urquiza – albeit under the name of Ministry of the Treasury. The current minister responsible is Luis Caputo, who has served since 2023 in the cabinet of Javier Milei.
The Lawless Breed
The Lawless Breed is a 1953 American biographical crime Western film produced and distributed by Universal-International, directed by Raoul Walsh, starring Rock Hudson and Julia Adams. The film is a romanticized story based on the life of outlaw John Wesley Hardin.

John Wesley Hardin
John Wesley Hardin (May 26, 1853 – August 19, 1895) was an American Old West outlaw, gunfighter, lawyer and controversial folk icon. Hardin often got into trouble with the law from an early age. He killed his first man at the age of 15, claiming he did so in self-defense.

Pursued by lawmen for most of his life, in 1877, at the age of 23, he was sentenced to 24 years in prison for murder. At the time of sentencing, Hardin claimed to have killed 42 men, while contemporary newspaper accounts attributed 27 deaths to him. The actual number, while unknown, is believed to be in excess of twenty, possibly higher. While in prison, Hardin studied law and wrote an autobiography. He was well known for exaggerating or fabricating stories about his life and claimed credit for many killings that cannot be corroborated.

Within a year of his 1894 release from prison, Hardin was killed by John Selman in an El Paso saloon.
Merner
Merner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl Johan Merner (born 1975), Swedish film producer

Jonathan Joseph Merner (1864–1929), Canadian politician

Samuel Merner (1823–1908), Canadian businessman and politician

Jonathan Joseph Merner
Jonathan Joseph Merner (April 2, 1864 – February 26, 1929) was a farmer, merchant and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Huron South in the House of Commons of Canada from 1911 to 1921 as a Conservative.

He was born in Blake, Canada West, the son of Gottlieb Merner and Enélie Brossoit, and was educated in Hay Township. He established himself as a farmer and merchant at Zurich. In 1900, Merner married Clara Edith Graham. In the 1911 federal election, he campaigned against reciprocity in trade with the United States, arguing that the local trade in horses and salt would suffer. From 1917 to 1921, Merner was a Unionist Party member. Merner ran unsuccessfully for reelection to the House of Commons in 1921 and 1925. He died in Windsor at the age of 64.
Buntenbock
The small village of Buntenbock (German pronunciation: [ˈbʊntn̩bɔk]) lies on the plateau of the Harz mountains in Germany and is part of the mining and university town of Clausthal-Zellerfeld. It is a state-recognised climatic health resort and has accommodation for 200 visitors as well as 700 inhabitants.

The village lies on the Innerste at a height of 550–600 m above sea level. Surrounded by meadows, woods and numerous lakes (see Upper Harz Ponds), it is a base for all sorts of leisure activities such as hiking, cycling, fishing, swimming and, in winter, cross-country skiing. From the Kuckholzklippe observation tower there is an impressive view over the mountains to the Harz Foreland. In the nearby refuge hut is a checkpoint (no. 139) on the Harzer Wandernadel hiking network.

Harz
The Harz (German: [haːɐ̯ts] ⓘ), also called the Harz Mountains, is a highland area in northern Germany. It has the highest elevations for that region, and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The name Harz derives from the Middle High German word Hardt or Hart (hill forest). The name Hercynia derives from a Celtic name and could refer to other mountain forests, but has also been applied to the geology of the Harz. The Brocken is the highest summit in the Harz with an elevation of 1,141.1 metres (3,744 ft) above sea level. The Wurmberg (971 metres (3,186 ft)) is the highest peak located entirely within the state of Lower Saxony.
Chinese Expeditionary Force
The Chinese Expeditionary Force (traditional Chinese: 中國遠征軍; simplified Chinese: 中国远征军) was an expeditionary unit of China's National Revolutionary Army that was dispatched to Burma and India in support of the Allied efforts against the Imperial Japanese Army during the Japanese invasion and occupation of Burma in the South-East Asian theatre of the Second World War.

Burma Road
The Burma Road (Chinese: 滇缅公路) was a road linking Burma (now known as Myanmar) with southwest China. Its terminals were Lashio, Burma, in the south and Kunming, China, the capital of Yunnan province in the north. It was built in 1937–1938 while Burma was a British colony to convey supplies to China during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Preventing the flow of supplies on the road helped motivate the occupation of Burma by the Empire of Japan in 1942 during World War II. Use of the road was restored to the Allies in 1945 after the completion of the Ledo Road.  Some parts of the old road are still visible today.
Bergen, Limburg
Bergen (Dutch: [ˈbɛrɣə(n)] ⓘ; Limburgish: Baerge [ˈbɛːʀ(ə)ɣə]) is a municipality and village in the province of Limburg in the southeastern Netherlands. It is both on the national border with Germany and provincial border with North Brabant. The largest town and administrative centre is Nieuw-Bergen.

Limburgish
Limburgish (Limburgs [ˈlɪm˦bʏʀ(ə)xs] or Lèmburgs [ˈlɛm˦-]; Dutch: Limburgs [ˈlɪmbʏr(ə)xs]; also Limburgian, Limburgic or Limburgan) is the collective designation for a group of closely related language varieties spoken in most of Belgian and Dutch Limburg and in the adjacent areas of North Rhine-Westphalia.

The Limburgish dialects lack a standardized form and instead comprise multiple varieties, each with its own distinctive features. A characteristic feature of many dialects of Limburgish is the occurrence of a lexical pitch accent (Franconian tone accent), which these dialects adopted from and share with the adjacent Central Franconian dialects of German.

In the Netherlands, Limburgish has been officially recognized as a regional language by the Dutch government since 1997. In Belgium and Germany, Limburgish dialects have no formal legal status.
Sivarasa Rasiah
Sivarasa a/l K. Rasiah (Tamil: சிவராசா ராசையா, romanized: Civarācā rācaiyā; born 8 December 1956), or also known as R. Sivarasa is a Malaysian politician, lawyer and human rights activist of Ceylonese and Sri Lankan descent who served as the Deputy Minister of Rural Development in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) administration under former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad and former Minister Rina Harun from July 2018 to the collapse of the PH administration in February 2020 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sungai Buloh from May 2018 to November 2022 as well as for Subang from March 2008 to May 2018. He is a member and former Vice-President of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the PH coalition. He is co-founder of the Suara Rakyat Malaysia (SUARAM), a human rights non-governmental organisation (NGO).

Malaysian names
Personal names in Malaysia vary greatly according to ethno-cultural group. Personal names are, to a certain degree, regulated by the national registration department, especially since the introduction of the National Registration Identity Card (NRIC).

Malays, Orang Asli, some Bumiputera of Sabah and Sarawak, and Malaysian Indians adopt patronymic naming customs. On the other hand, Malaysian Chinese, some Malays and Bumiputera of Sabah and Sarawak use family names.
Stéphane Debaere
Stéphane Debaere (born 1 January 1989) is a French Polynesian swimmer and model.

Debaere was born in Papeete. He began to swim in his hometown which he left at the age of 14 for metropolitan France where he completed his secondary studies in Talence, Gironde.

At the 2007 South Pacific Games in Apia, he won silver in the 50m Breaststroke, 4x100m Free Relay, 4x200m Free Relay, 4x200m Medley Relay, and 5K Open Water, and bronze in the 100m Breaststroke. At the 2015 Pacific Games in Port Moresby, he won 3 gold and 4 silver medals.

In February 2016, he won the Tahiti Infos ATN Challenge. He subsequently organised the "Tahiti Swimming Experience" competition in October 2016. At the French Swimming Championships in 2016, he broke the French Polynesian record for the 100m freestyle.

Gironde
Gironde (/ʒɪˈrɒnd/ zhih-ROND, US usually /dʒɪˈ-/ jih-; French: [ʒiʁɔ̃d] ⓘ; Occitan: Gironda, pronounced [dʒiˈɾundɔ]) is the largest department in the southwestern French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Gironde estuary, a major waterway, its prefecture is Bordeaux. In 2019, it had a population of 1,623,749. The famous Bordeaux wine region is in Gironde. It has six arrondissements, making it one of the departments with the most arrondissements (Nord also has six, while Pas-de-Calais has the most of any department, with seven).
Canon de 274 modèle 1893/1896
The Canon de 274 modèle 1893/1896 were a family of French naval guns developed in the years before World War I that armed a variety of warships of the French Navy.  Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life as coastal artillery and railway artillery during World War I.

Railway gun
A railway gun, also called a railroad gun, is a large artillery piece, often surplus naval artillery, mounted on, transported by, and fired from a specially designed railway wagon. Many countries have built railway guns, but the best-known are the large Krupp-built pieces used by Germany in World War I and World War II. Smaller guns were often part of an armoured train.  They were only able to be moved where there were good tracks, which could be destroyed by artillery bombardment or airstrike. Railway guns were phased out after World War II.
Eric Oldfield (actor)
Eric Oldfield is an Australian actor, musician and former model, who remains best known for his role in the soap opera The Young Doctors as Dr. Ben Fielding.

TV credits include: The Godfathers, Airhawk, Chopper Squad, The Bluestone Boys, Waterloo Station, Possession, Paradise Beach, Water Rats and Murder Call.

Waterloo Station (TV series)
Waterloo Station is a short-lived Australian television soap opera created by Reg Watson and produced by the Reg Grundy Organisation for the Nine Network in 1983. The series began with a movie-length episode and continued on with hour long episodes.
Sukiya-zukuri
Sukiya-zukuri (数寄屋造り) is one type of Japanese residential architectural style. Suki (Ateji: 数寄 or 数奇) means refined, well cultivated taste and delight in elegant pursuits, and refers to enjoyment of the exquisitely performed tea ceremony.

The word originally meant a small structure for the Japanese tea ceremony  (known as a chashitsu) and was associated with ikebana and other Japanese traditional arts. It has come to indicate a style of designing public facilities and private homes based on tea house aesthetics.

Historically and by tradition, sukiya-zukuri is characterised by a use of natural materials, especially wood. In contemporary architecture, its formal and spatial concepts are kept alive in modern materials such as steel, glass and concrete.

Ikebana
Ikebana (生け花, 活け花, 'arranging flowers' or 'making flowers alive') is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. It is also known as kadō (花道, 'way of flowers'). The origin of ikebana can be traced back to the ancient Japanese custom of erecting evergreen trees and decorating them with flowers as Yorishiro to invite the gods.

Later, flower arrangements were instead used to adorn the tokonoma (alcove) of a traditional Japanese home.

Ikebana is counted as one of the three classical Japanese arts of refinement, along with kōdō for incense appreciation and chadō for tea and the tea ceremony.
Barleria elegans
Barleria elegans (Common names: Eng.: white bushveld barleria; Afr.: wit bosviooltjie) is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is a spiny perennial herb or subshrub native to Angola and Namibia, and to Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Eswatini, and the Northern Provinces and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.

Two subspecies are accepted:

Barleria elegans subsp. elegans – Angola and northwestern Namibia

Barleria elegans subsp. orientalis I.Darbysh. – Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Eswatini, Northern Provinces, and KwaZulu-Natal

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
2028 Zimbabwean general election
The 2028 Zimbabwean general election is scheduled to be held in 2028 in Zimbabwe to elect the president, members of the National Assembly and Senate, and local government officials. The elections are expected to be harmonised, meaning presidential, parliamentary, and local polls will occur simultaneously, as per the Constitution of Zimbabwe. Incumbent President Emmerson Mnangagwa of the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) is constitutionally ineligible to seek a third term, having been elected in 2018 and re-elected in 2023. However, ongoing discussions within ZANU–PF and the political arena have focused on potential constitutional amendments to extend Mnangagwa's tenure until 2030 or allow him to run again, potentially postponing or altering the electoral process. These proposals have sparked debates about democratic backsliding, opposition fragmentation, and the role of figures like Sengezo Tshabangu in shaping the political landscape.

ZANU–PF
The Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) is a political organisation which has been the ruling party of Zimbabwe since independence in 1980. The party was led for many years by Robert Mugabe, first as prime minister with the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and then as president from 1987 after the merger with the Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) and retaining the name ZANU–PF.

At the 2008 parliamentary election, the ZANU–PF lost sole control of parliament for the first time in party history and brokered a difficult power-sharing deal with the Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai (MDC). ZANU-PF then won the 2013 election, gaining a two-thirds majority. The party narrowly held their super-majority in the 2018 election.

On 19 November 2017, following a coup d'état, ZANU–PF removed Robert Mugabe as party leader, who resigned two days later, and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place.
Tuya Mountains Provincial Park
Tuya Mountains Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, protecting the Tuya Range, a volcanic region at the head of the Tuya River.  The park is located on the north side of Tuya Lake. The park is named for nearby tuyas, steep-sided, flat-topped types of volcano.

Tuya Lake
Tuya Lake, located in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, presumably derives its name from the presence of nearby steep-sided, flat-topped volcanoes, known as tuyas. The lake is situated just south of Tuya Butte at a latitude of about 59 degrees North and a longitude of about 131 degrees West.