hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Womanhood, the Glory of the Nation
Womanhood, the Glory of the Nation is a 1917 American lost silent drama film directed by J. Stuart Blackton and William P. S. Earle, and written by Blackton, Helmer W. Bergman, and Cyrus Townsend Brady. It is a sequel to the 1915 movie The Battle Cry of Peace. The film stars Alice Joyce and Harry T. Morey. It is a lost film.

J. Stuart Blackton
James Stuart Blackton (January 5, 1875 – August 13, 1941) was a British-American film producer and director of the silent era. One of the pioneers of motion pictures, he founded Vitagraph Studios in 1897. He was one of the first filmmakers to use the techniques of stop-motion and drawn animation, is considered a father of American animation, and was the first to bring many classic plays and books to the screen. Blackton was also the commodore of the Motorboat Club of America and the Atlantic Yacht Club.
Gene Foreman (journalist)
Gene Clemons Foreman (born November 20, 1934) is an American journalist who managed the newsroom of The Philadelphia Inquirer from 1973 to 1998. Foreman is best known as the managing editor who teamed with The Inquirer’s executive editor, Gene Roberts, during The Inquirer's "Golden Age." In the 18 years they led the news staff, the paper won 17 Pulitzer Prizes, triumphed in an economic battle for survival over The Evening Bulletin, and became an influential regional paper.

Philadelphia Bulletin
The Philadelphia Bulletin (or The Bulletin as it was commonly known) was a daily evening newspaper published from 1847 to 1982 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the largest circulation newspaper in Philadelphia for 76 years and was once the largest evening newspaper in the United States. Its widely known slogan was: "In Philadelphia, nearly everybody reads The Bulletin."

Describing the Bulletin's style, publisher William L. McLean once said: "I think the Bulletin operates on a principle which in the long run is unbeatable. This is that it enters the reader's home as a guest. Therefore, it should behave as a guest, telling the news rather than shouting it." As Time magazine later noted: "In its news columns, the Bulletin was solid if unspectacular. Local affairs were covered extensively, but politely. Muckraking was frowned upon."
Harley-Davidson Ironhead engine
The ironhead was a Harley-Davidson motorcycle engine, so named because of the composition of the cylinder heads (Iron instead of Aluminium).  The engine is a two-cylinder, two valves per cylinder, pushrod V-twin. It was produced from 1957 until 1985 and was replaced by the Evolution engine in 1986.

This name was applied to the Harley-Davidson Sportster motorcycles that used this engine.

V-twin engine
A V-twin engine, also called a V2 engine, is a two-cylinder piston engine where the cylinders are arranged in a V configuration and share a common crankshaft.

The V-twin is widely associated with motorcycles, primarily installed transversely, though also longitudinally. They are also used in a variety of other land, air, and marine vehicles, as well as industrial applications. The V-twin design dates back to the late 1880s.
Vasco Becker-Weinberg
Vasco Emanuel Vinagre Becker-Weinberg (born 21 September 1979)  is a Portuguese politician who briefly served as a Member of the European Parliament between March and July 2024. He is a member of the CDS - People's Party; part of the EPP Group.

He succeeded Nuno Melo as a member of the European Parliament when he resigned to become a member of the Assembly of the Republic.

Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ ðɐ ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ]), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (Portuguese: Parlamento), is the unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's sovereignty bodies.

It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).
Surfactin
Surfactin is a cyclic lipopeptide, commonly used as an antibiotic for its capacity as a surfactant. It is an amphiphile capable of withstanding hydrophilic and hydrophobic environments. The Gram-positive bacterial species Bacillus subtilis produces surfactin for its antibiotic effects against competitors. Surfactin showcases antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and hemolytic effects.

Valence (chemistry)
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemical bonds that each atom of a given chemical element typically forms. Double bonds are considered to be two bonds, triple bonds to be three, quadruple bonds to be four, quintuple bonds to be five and sextuple bonds to be six. In most compounds, the valence of hydrogen is 1, of oxygen is 2, of nitrogen is 3, and of carbon is 4. Valence is not to be confused with the related concepts of the coordination number, the oxidation state, or the number of valence electrons for a given atom.
Alexander Hilferding
Alexander Hilferding (also spelled Aleksandar Fedorovich Giljferding; Russian: Александр Фёдорович Гильферди́нг; 14 July [O.S. 2 July] 1831 – 2 July [O.S. 20 June] 1872) was a Russian linguist and folklorist of German descent who collected some 318 bylinas in the Russian North.

A native of Warsaw, he assisted Nikolay Milyutin in reforming the administration of the Kingdom of Poland. In the late 1850s, he was a Russian diplomatic agent in Bosnia; he published several books about the country and its folklore, thanks to the collaborative efforts of Prokopije Čokorilo. Hilferding was elected into the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences as a corresponding member in 1856. He died of typhoid while collecting folk songs in Kargopol, in the north of European Russia, and was later reburied in the Novodevichy Cemetery, St. Petersburg. Hilferding's collection of Slavonic manuscripts is preserved in the Russian National Library.

Russian North
The Russian North (Russian: Русский Север, Russky Sever) is an ethnocultural region situated in the northwestern part of Russia, north of Vologda. It spans the regions of Arkhangelsk Oblast (including Nenets Autonomous Okrug) and Murmansk Oblast. It also includes parts of the Vologda Oblast, Komi Republic, and Republic of Karelia.

The region is known for its traditions of folk art – in particular, Russian wooden architecture, wood and bone carving and painting. Due to its remoteness, the rural parts of Russian North preserved much of the archaic aspects of Russian culture during the 19th and 20th centuries, making it of particular interest to historians, culturologists and ethnographers.

The Russian North is also noted for its combination of Slavic and Finnic cultural traits. The Pomor dialects are still spoken in some parts of this region. It is likely that the region appeared in Norse sagas as Bjarmaland.
2019 European Curling Championships
The 2019 Le Gruyère AOP European Curling Championships was held in 2019 to qualify European curling teams for the 2020 World Curling Championships and World Qualification Event. The A and B division competitions were held from November 16 to 23 at The Olympia Rink in Helsingborg, Sweden. The C division competition was held from April 13 to 17 at the Brașov Olympic Ice Rink in Brașov, Romania.

Seven men's teams, not including the hosts, Scotland, who automatically qualify, qualified for the 2020 World Men's Curling Championship. The next two teams in the A division and top two teams in the B division, not including the hosts, Finland, who automatically qualify, qualified for the 2020 World Qualification Event.

Seven women's teams qualified for the 2020 World Women's Curling Championship. The next two teams in the A division and top two teams in the B division, not including the hosts, Finland, who automatically qualify, qualified for the 2020 World Qualification Event.

World Qualification Event
The World Qualification Event was an annual curling tournament first held in 2019 by the World Curling Federation. Eight men's and women's teams who had not already qualified for the World Curling Championships competed for the final two spots in the championships. The event was discontinued for the 2022–23 season with the creation of the new Pan Continental Curling Championships.
Torrey Pines
Torrey Pines can refer to:

Torrey pine, a broad, open-crowned pine

Torrey Pines Gliderport, a historic motorless flight facility in San Diego, California

Torrey Pines Golf Course, a municipal public golf course owned by the city of San Diego, California

Torrey Pines High School, a high school in the North County Coastal area of San Diego, California

Torrey Pines, San Diego, a coastal community within San Diego, California

Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve

Torrey Pines Stakes, a thoroughbred horse race at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California

"Torrey Pines", a song by Your Heart Breaks

Del Mar, California
Del Mar (Spanish pronunciation: [del ˈmaɾ]; Spanish for "Of the Sea") is a beach city in San Diego County, California, United States, located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Established in 1885 as a seaside resort, the city was incorporated in 1959. The population was 3,954 at the 2020 census, down from 4,161 at the 2010 census.

The San Diego County Fair is an annual fair held at the Del Mar Fairgrounds. Horse racing is hosted at the Del Mar Racetrack every summer.
2018 Tour de Yorkshire
The 2018 Tour de Yorkshire was a four-day cycling stage race held in Yorkshire over 3–6 May 2018. It was the fourth edition of the Tour de Yorkshire, organised by Welcome to Yorkshire and the Amaury Sport Organisation. The 2018 TDY differed from its predecessor in that the event was extended to four days from three, with the women's event being extended to two days over the 3 and 4 May 2018.

Barnsley
Barnsley (/ˈbɑːrnzli/ ⓘ) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It is the main settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley and the fourth largest settlement in South Yorkshire. The town's population was 71,422 in 2021, while the wider borough had a population of 244,600 in the 2021 census.

Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Barnsley is located on the M1 corridor between the cities of Sheffield to the south and Wakefield to the north. Doncaster is to the east, Huddersfield to the north-west, and Manchester lies west across the Peak District to which it is connected to via the A628 road.

Barnsley's former industries include linen, coal mining, glass making and textiles. Barnsley's culture is rooted in its industrial heritage and it has a tradition of brass bands, originally created as social clubs by its mining communities.
Pre-emption right
A pre-emption right, right of pre-emption, or first option to buy is a contractual right to acquire certain property newly coming into existence before it can be offered to any other person or entity. It comes from the Latin verb emo, emere, emi, emptum, to buy or purchase, plus the inseparable preposition pre, before. A right to acquire existing property in preference to any other person is usually referred to as a right of first refusal.

Rights
Rights are legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; that is, rights are the fundamental normative rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people according to some legal system, social convention, or ethical theory. Rights are an important concept in law and ethics, especially theories of justice and deontology.

The history of social conflicts has often involved attempts to define and redefine rights. According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape of morality as it is currently perceived".
Vasool
Vasool (transl. Money Recovery) is a 2008 Tamil language action drama film directed, produced and written by V. Rishiraj. The film stars newcomer Hemanth Kumar, Kiran Rathod and V. Rishiraj, with Besant Ravi, Mahanadi Shankar, Alex, Pallavi, Ashwatha, Fathima Babu, Lavanya, and K. R. Vatsala playing supporting roles. The film was released on 12 September 2008. The film was also dubbed into Telugu as Vasool Rani and was released on 12 March 2010 by Lakshmi Balaji Cinema Productions.

Mahanadi Shankar
Mahanadi Shankar is an Indian actor and stuntman who has appeared in Tamil language films and television serials, playing mostly supporting and negative roles. He has starred in films such as Mahanadhi (1994), Baashha (1995), Ratchagan (1997), Amarkkalam (1999), and Dheena (2001). The success of the former film meant that he used the title as a prefix to his stage name.
Eleanor of Portugal, Queen of Aragon
Eleanor of Portugal (1328 – 30 October 1348), was a Portuguese infanta by birth and Queen of Aragon from 1347 to 1348 as the second wife of King Peter IV.

The youngest daughter of King Afonso IV of Portugal and Beatrice of Castile, Leonor was the granddaughter of King Denis and Elizabeth of Aragon and of Sancho IV of Castile and Maria de Molina and sister of King Peter I of Portugal.

María de Molina
María Alfonso Téllez de Meneses (c. 1265 – 1321), known as María de Molina, was queen consort of Castile and León from 1284 to 1295 by marriage to Sancho IV of Castile, and served as regent for her minor son Ferdinand IV (1295 - c.1301) and later her grandson Alfonso XI of Castile (1312-1321).
Ty Myers
Ty Wenston Myers (born July 12, 2007) is an American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist who has rapidly gained prominence for blending country, blues, and soul influences. He debuted with viral singles in 2024 which were "Thought It Was Love" and "Ends of the Earth" and released his first studio album, The Select, in 2025.

My Kinda Saturday Night Tour
The My Kinda Saturday Night Tour is the upcoming sixth headlining concert tour by American country music artist Luke Combs and is in support of his upcoming sixth studio album The Way I Am (2026). It is scheduled to began on March 21, 2026, in Paradise, Nevada and finish on August 2, 2026, in London, England.
Admestina wheeleri
Admestina wheeleri, also known as the thick-legged jumping spider, is a species of jumping spider found in the northern United States and southern Canada.

The species was first described in 1888 by George and Elizabeth Peckham.

Jumping spider
Jumping spiders are spiders in the family Salticidae, with almost 700 genera and around 7,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders – comprising 13% of spider species. Jumping spiders have some of the best vision among arthropods — being capable of stereoptic color vision — and use sight in courtship, hunting, and navigation.

Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting, but sometimes in response to sudden threats or crossing long gaps. Both their book lungs and tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Jumping spiders are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All jumping spiders have four pairs of eyes, with the anterior median pair (the two front middle eyes) being particularly large.
Noboribetsu
Noboribetsu (登別市, Noboribetsu-shi; Ainu: nupur-pet) is a city in Iburi Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. Part of Shikotsu-Toya National Park, it is southwest of Sapporo, west of Tomakomai and northeast of Hakodate.

As of September 2016, the city has an estimated population of 49,523 and a population density of 230 persons per km2. The total area is 212.11 km2.
The city office is in Horobetsu. The town of Noboribetsu is at the mouth of the Noboribetsu river and is therefore a much narrower area.

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Ludwig Hofmann (bass)
Ludwig Hofmann (14 January 1895 in Frankfurt am Main – 28 December 1963 in Frankfurt am Main) was a German opera singer (bass), who from the late 1920s obtained worldwide recognition above all as an exponent of Wagnerian roles. He worked principally in the opera houses in Berlin and Vienna and in the Vienna State Opera, and from 1928 to 1942 was frequently involved in the Bayreuth Festivals.

Bayreuth Festival
The Bayreuth Festival (German: Bayreuther Festspiele) is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of stage works by the 19th-century German composer Richard Wagner are presented. Wagner himself conceived and promoted the idea of a special festival to showcase his own works, in particular his monumental cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal.

Performances take place in a specially designed theatre, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus. Wagner personally supervised the design and construction of the theatre, which contained many architectural innovations to accommodate the huge orchestras for which Wagner wrote as well as the composer's particular vision about the staging of his works. The Festival has become a pilgrimage destination for Wagnerians and classical-music enthusiasts.
Sir Thomas Mildmay, 1st Baronet
Sir Thomas Mildmay, 1st Baronet (ca. 1573 – 1626) of Moulsham, Essex, was an English politician.

He was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Mildmay of Moulsham and Lady Frances Radclyffe and was educated at Queens' College, Cambridge (1589) and Corpus Christi College, Cambridge (1590).

He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Maldon 1593, knighted in 1603 and created a baronet in 1611.

He married twice; firstly Elizabeth, the daughter of Sir John Puckering and secondly Ann, the daughter of Sir John Savile. He had no children and the baronetcy died with him.

Thomas Mildmay
Sir Thomas Mildmay (ca. 1540–1608) was an English courtier and politician.

He was born the eldest son of Thomas Mildmay (before 1515–1566), educated at Christ's College, Cambridge and entered Lincoln's Inn in 1559. Walter Mildmay was his uncle.

He was elected Member of Parliament for Lostwithiel in the Parliament of 1563–1567 and knighted on 23 June 1567. He was then knight of the shire (MP) for Essex in 1571. He was Sheriff of Essex for 1572 and the Custos Rotulorum of Essex from 1576 to 1608.

He married firstly Lady Frances Radclyffe, daughter of Henry Radclyffe, 2nd Earl of Sussex, with whom he had three sons and a daughter and, secondly, Margaret Whettle (or Whitwell). His daughter, Anne, married Sir Roger Appleton, 1st Baronet.
Richard Daynard
Richard A. Daynard (born 1944) is an American legal scholar. He is a University Distinguished Professor at the Northeastern University School of Law.

Daynard is most known for his contributions to public health law and strategic litigation, especially against the tobacco industry. His work is focused in health law and policy, consumer protection, and public interest advocacy. He is the recipient of the 2019 Robert Morris Sr. Award for Courage in Litigation from the Massachusetts chapter of the American Board of Trial Advocates.

Health law
Health law is a field of law that encompasses federal, state, and local law, rules, regulations and other jurisprudence among providers, payers and vendors to the health care industry and its patients, and delivery of health care services, with an emphasis on operations, regulatory and transactional issues.
Kiwi Kingston
Ernest Walter "Kiwi" Kingston (1914–1992) was a wrestler and film actor from New Zealand. He is relatively unknown, but still remembered for his role as the Karloff-like Frankenstein's monster in Hammer's The Evil of Frankenstein (1964). He also appeared in the film Hysteria (1965).

Boris Karloff
William Henry Pratt (23 November 1887 – 2 February 1969), known professionally as Boris Karloff (/ˈkɑːrlɒf/), was an English actor. His portrayal of Frankenstein's monster in the horror film Frankenstein (1931), his 82nd film, established him as a horror icon, and he reprised the role for the sequels Bride of Frankenstein (1935) and Son of Frankenstein (1939). He also appeared as Imhotep in The Mummy (1932), and voiced the Grinch in, as well as narrating, the animated television special of Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1966), which won him a Grammy Award.

Aside from his numerous film roles (174 films), Karloff acted in many live stage plays and appeared on dozens of radio and television programs as well. For his contribution to film and television, Karloff was awarded two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on 8 February 1960.
Plas Coch, Ruthin
Plas Coch (also known as 24 and 26 Well St) is a building in Ruthin, Denbighshire, that was Grade II listed on 24 October 1950. It is of medieval origin and is a former 17th-century large town house. It was built in 1613 using red sandstone from the castle; it became home to the constable of the castle. The building is two-storey with attics and has four large windows on each floor. In 1963 it became a banqueting hall owned by Rees Jones who used to trade at the village hall in Llanfair. It became the Conservative Club in 1977 and was slightly altered, offering all-round facilities for functions.  In 2025 Plas Coch was opened as 'The Dreamatorium' by Lavinia Stamps, a Ruthin-based crafting business.

It has been listed as being architecture of exceptional value for being "a large early C17 town-house, unusual for its stone construction in this area".

Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd
Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd is a village and community in Denbighshire, Wales, situated in the Vale of Clwyd about one mile south of the town of Ruthin. In the 2001 census, it had 1048 residents and 50.6% of them could speak Welsh. The figures for the 2011 census were: population 1,053; Welsh speakers 46.9%. The age group with the highest percentage of Welsh speakers was the 15-year-olds, all of whom could speak it. The villages of Pentrecelyn and Graig Fechan are located in the community.
I. P. Pavlova (Prague Metro)
I. P. Pavlova is a Prague Metro station on Line C. It is in the Vinohrady district of Prague. Above the station is I. P. Pavlov Square (Czech: náměstí I. P. Pavlova), which is named after Russian physiologist Ivan Petrovich Pavlov. Both the station and the square are shortened by locals to diminutive names such as Ípák, Pavlák or Ípáč.

I. P. Pavlova is the busiest station on the Prague Metro, serving daily more than 118,000 people as of 2008.

Diminutive
A diminutive is a word obtained by modifying a root word to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, either to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment, and sometimes to belittle something or someone. A diminutive form (abbreviated DIM) is a word-formation device used to express such meanings. A double diminutive is a diminutive form with two diminutive suffixes rather than one.