hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gongsun Jie
Gongsun Jie (Chinese: 公孙捷), surname Jiang, name Jie, was a warrior during the Spring and Autumn period in Chinese history.

In July 534 BC, the governing Gao Gao (Ziwei) died, and Luan Shi (Ziqi) wanted to manage the Gao's family property. Gongzi Zhu), Ziche (Gongsun Jie), three people fled to Lu. Luan Shihou established the housekeeper for Gao Qiang's son Gao Qiang (Zi Liang).

In 532 BC, Tian Wuyu and Bao Guo defeated Luan Shi and Gao Qiang. Luan Shi and Gao Qiang went to Lu Guo. Qi Guo welcomed Huicheng, Zi Gong and Zi Che.

In 516 BC, Lu Zhaogong was expelled by Ji Sunyiru, and Qi State wanted to accept it and besieged the city of Meng Sun of Lu State. Qilu was fighting in the nose and Zi Yuanjie participated in the battle. One said, the grandson in the story of Ertao killing three soldiers is Zi Yuanjie.

Spring and Autumn period
The Spring and Autumn period (c. 770 – c. 481 BCE) was a period in Chinese history corresponding roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou (c. 771 – 256 BCE), characterized by the gradual erosion of royal power as local lords nominally subject to the Zhou exercised increasing political autonomy. The period's name derives from the Spring and Autumn Annals, a chronicle of the state of Lu between 722 and 481 BCE, which tradition associates with Confucius (551–479 BCE).

During this period, local polities negotiated their own alliances, waged wars against one another, up to defying the king's court in Luoyi. The gradual Partition of Jin, one of the most powerful states, is generally considered to mark the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period. The periodization dates to the late Western Han (c. 48 BCE – 9 CE).
Haxonite
Haxonite is an iron nickel carbide mineral found in iron meteorites and carbonaceous chondrites. It has a chemical formula of (Fe,Ni)23C6, crystallises in the cubic crystal system and has a Mohs hardness of 5+1⁄2 - 6.

It was first described in 1971, and named after Howard J. Axon (1924–1992), metallurgist at the University of Manchester, Manchester, England. Co-type localities are the Toluca meteorite, Xiquipilco, Mexico and the Canyon Diablo meteorite, Meteor Crater, Coconino County, Arizona, US.

It occurs associated with kamacite, taenite, schreibersite, cohenite, pentlandite and magnetite.

Jiquipilco
Jiquipilco Municipality is one of the municipalities of the State of Mexico in Mexico. It is north of the Toluca Valley, part of the region consisting of the southern and western slopes of Cerro La Catedral, which has a concentration of speakers of the Otomi language. It is about 40 km from Toluca, the state capital. The name is a corruption of Nahuatl “Xiquipilco”, meaning “in the saddlebags”. Jiquipilco is situated on the transversal volcanic axis that crosses Mexico in an area surrounded by lakes and volcanoes. This portion is called "Anahuac”.
Margaret Filippini
Margaret Faye Filippini (née Gardiner; 1 August 1946 – 16 August 2003) was a New Zealand netball player. She was a member of the New Zealand team at the 1967 World Netball Championships, when New Zealand won the tournament for the first time.

New Zealand national netball team
The New Zealand national netball team, commonly known as the Silver Ferns (Māori: Rau Hiriwā or Kaponga), represent Netball New Zealand in international netball tournaments such as the Netball World Cup, the Commonwealth Games, the Taini Jamison Trophy, the Constellation Cup, the Netball Quad Series and the Fast5 Netball World Series. They have also represented New Zealand at the World Games. New Zealand made their test debut in 1938. As of 2023, New Zealand have been world champions on five occasions and Commonwealth champions twice. They are regularly ranked number two in the World Netball Rankings.
Fu Kuan
Fu Kuan (Chinese: 傅寬; Wade–Giles: Fu K'uan) (died 190 BC) was a Marquis of Yangling; now Gaoling, Shaanxi.

Fu Kuan was an early follower of Liu Bang, beginning in Hengyang. Fu became a general while accompanying Liu in the conquest of Guanzhong in 206 BC. He served under Han Xin during the conquest of Qi in 204 BC.

In December of 202 BC, Liu Bei made Fu the Marquis of Yangling, ruling over 2,600 peasant households.

Marquess
A marquess (UK: /ˈmɑːrkwɪs/; French: marquis [maʁki]) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave) and the Italian-language equivalent Marchese. A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or widow) of a marquess is a marchioness (/ˈmɑːrʃənɛs/) or marquise (French: [maʁkiz] ⓘ). These titles are also used to translate equivalent Asian styles, as in Imperial China and Imperial Japan.
Il figlio delle selve
Il Figlio delle selve is an opera in three acts by Ignaz Holzbauer to a libretto by Carlo Sigismondo Capece premiering in June 1753 at the Schlosstheater Schwetzingen for Kurfürst Carl Theodor zu Mannheim, securing Holzbauer employment as kapellmeister. The opera was revived by Staats Theater Mainz for the Schwetzingen Festival 2003, and again for the Festival de Radio France et Montpellier Languedoc Roussillon in July 2005.

Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria
Charles Theodore (German: Karl Theodor; 11 December 1724 – 16 February 1799) was a German nobleman of the Sulzbach branch of the House of Wittelsbach. He became Count Palatine of Sulzbach at the age of six following the death of his father Johann Christian in 1733. With the death of his cousin, Charles III Philip, he became Prince-elector and Count Palatine of the Rhine in 1742, being eighteen. In his fifties, he became Prince-Elector of Bavaria at the death of another cousin, Maximilian III Joseph, in 1777.
1976 Currie Cup
The 1976 Currie Cup was the 38th edition of the Currie Cup, the premier annual domestic rugby union competition in South Africa.

The tournament was won by Free State for the first time; they beat Western Province 33–16 in the final in Bloemfontein.

Stormers
The Stormers (known for sponsorship reasons as the DHL Stormers) is a South African professional rugby union team based in Cape Town in the Western Cape that competes in the United Rugby Championship, a trans-hemispheric competition that also involves sides from Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales and the domestic Currie Cup competition as the Western Province. They competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020. They have won one major international championship, the 2021-22 United Rugby Championship, and seven South African 'conference' titles, five in the South African Conference of Super Rugby, and two in the URC equivalent, the South African Shield, while in the Currie Cup having won the competition on a record 34 occasions.
Aruvikkachal Waterfalls
Aruvikkachal Falls is a waterfall located near Poonjar, Pathampuzha in Kottayam district of Kerala, India. Known for the safety it provides the visitors, it is the highest waterfall in Kottayam district. Aruvikkachal falls is located 13 km from Eratupetta on the Poonjar - Mundakkayam road.

Erattupetta
Erattupetta (Malayalam pronunciation: [i:ra:tupe:ʈa]) is a municipality in the Kottayam district of Kerala, India. It is located 40 km (24.9 mi) east of the district headquarters in Kottayam and about 157 km (97.6 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. As per the 2011 Indian census, Erattupetta has a population of 34,814 people, and a population density of 1,906/km2 (4,940/sq mi).
Arkadiy Shestakov (politician)
Arkadiy Mykolaiovych Shestakov (Ukrainian: Аркадій Миколайович Шестаков; 6 February 1939 - 10 April 2002), was a Russian-born Soviet and Ukrainian politician who served as Mayor of Sevastopol from 1990 to 1991.

Politics of the Soviet Union
The political system of the Soviet Union took place in a federal communist state framework. The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union functioned as the supreme organ of state power and only branch of government per the principle of unified state power. The CPSU led state activities by holding two-thirds of the seats in the Supreme Soviet, and these party members are responsible for implementing the policies adopted by the CPSU Central Committee and Party Congress. The Supreme Soviet had unlimited state power bar the limitations it sets on itself in the state constitution. By controlling the Supreme Soviet, the CPSU had complete monopoly of state power until 1990.
Ludwig Wilhelm Sachs
Ludwig Wilhelm Sachs (29 December 1787 in Groß-Glogau – 17 June 1848 in Königsberg) was a German physician.

From 1807 studied medicine at the universities of Königsberg, Berlin and Göttingen, receiving his doctorate at the latter institution with the dissertation-thesis "De Humorum corporis animalis vi vitali" (1812). He later served as a physician in war-time hospitals in Königsberg, and in 1816 obtained his habilitation. In 1818 he became an associate professor at Königsberg, followed by a full professorship in 1826. In 1832 he was named director of the medical clinic, then in 1840 received the title of Geheimen Medizinalrat (private medical advisor).

University of Königsberg
The University of Königsberg (German: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was a university in Königsberg, East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussia and received the royal privilege by King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland in 1560. The university was commonly known as the Albertina.

Following World War II, the city of Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad) was transferred to the Soviet Union under the terms of the 1945 Potsdam Agreement. The Albertina was closed and the remaining German population was expelled. Today, the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University claims to maintain the traditions of the Albertina.
David Fifita (rugby league, born 2000)
David Tuiono Fifita (born 25 February 2000) is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a second-rower for the South Sydney Rabbitohs in the National Rugby League (NRL). He previously played for the Brisbane Broncos and the Gold Coast Titans in the NRL and has played for the Indigenous All Stars, Queensland, the Prime Minister's XIII and the Tonga national rugby league team.

Tonga national rugby league team
The Tonga national rugby league team (Tongan: timi līki ʻakapulu fakafonua ʻa Tonga) represents Tonga in rugby league football. They are currently the 4th ranked team in the world. The team was formed to compete in the 1986 Pacific Cup, and have competed at six Rugby League World Cups, starting in 1995 and continuing consecutively until the most recent tournament. Their best result was at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup, where they were semi-finalists.

Formerly administered by the Tonga National Rugby League, the team is now in a state of limbo with administration. They wear a predominantly red uniform with white sides and are associated with the phrase Mate Ma'a Tonga (English: Die for Tonga). They are coached by Australian Kristian Woolf, and captained by Addin Fonua-Blake.
Jean-Paul Jaeger
Jean-Paul Jaeger is the emeritus Bishop of Arras, France.

Jaeger, was born on September 6, 1944, in Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle.  He obtained his License degrees from the Université de Lille. Jaeger was ordained as a priest for the Diocese of Lille on April 6, 1974.  From 1974 to 1991 he was a teacher and administrator in various schools, becoming Superior of the diocesan seminary at Lille. He was appointed Co-adjutor Bishop of the Diocese of Nancy-Toul on April 11, 1991, and became titular bishop on 30 November of the same year. Since August 12, 1998, he has been Bishop of Arras, succeeding Monsignor Henri Derouet.

From 2007 he was a member of the Permanent Council of the French Conference of Bishops.  His term has ended.

Msgr. Jaeger was named a Chevalier of the Legion of Honour on 14 July 2012.

Meurthe-et-Moselle
Meurthe-et-Moselle (French pronunciation: [mœʁt e mɔzɛl] ⓘ, lit. 'Meurthe and Moselle') is a department in the Grand Est region of France, named after the rivers Meurthe and Moselle. Its prefecture and largest city is Nancy and it borders the departments of Meuse to the west, Vosges to the south, Moselle and Bas-Rhin and it borders the Belgian province of Luxembourg and the country of Luxembourg by the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette to the north. It had a population of 733,760 in 2019.
Iryna Limanouskaya
Iryna Limanouskaya (born 18 May 1994) is a Belarusian synchronized swimmer. She competed in the women's duet at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

In 2018, Limanouskaya and Veronika Yesipovich finished in 9th place in the duet technical routine at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships. In the duet free routine they also finished in 9th place.

2018 European Aquatics Championships
The 2018 European Aquatics Championships took place in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Luss in the central belt of Scotland, from 3 to 12 August 2018.

The championships were part of the first European Championships with other events happening in Scotland and Berlin.
Walter Wesché
Walter Francis Frederick Wesché (1857 – 26 September 1910) was a British composer, pianist, and entomologist. Born in Colombo, Ceylon, Wesché came to England at a young age and studied the piano under Mr. Oscar Beringer, as well as composition under Berthold Tours and F. H. Cowen. He later taught harmony at the Oscar Beringer School for the Higher Development of Pianoforte-playing, and the piano at the Royal Normal College for the Blind. His compositions won recognition in the form of prizes from the Westminster Orchestral Society and the Musicians' Company. As an entomologist he was known as an authority on flies (Diptera). He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society in 1901.

Worshipful Company of Musicians
The Worshipful Company of Musicians is one of the Livery Companies of the City of London. Its history dates back to at least 1350. Originally a specialist guild for musicians, its role became an anachronism in the 18th century, when the centre of music making in London moved from the city to the West End, and for more than a century it was a general guild for figures in the city, with no specific musical role.  In the late 19th century, the musical element was revived, and the modern Company promotes all aspects of the art and science of music.
Feferman–Vaught theorem
The Feferman–Vaught theorem  in model theory is a theorem by Solomon Feferman and Robert Lawson Vaught that shows how to reduce, in an algorithmic way, the first-order theory of a product of structures to the first-order theory of elements of the structure.

The theorem is considered to be one of the standard results in model theory. The theorem extends the previous result of Andrzej Mostowski on direct products of theories.
It generalizes (to formulas with arbitrary quantifiers) the property in universal algebra that equalities (identities) carry over to direct products of algebraic structures (which is a consequence of one direction of Birkhoff's theorem).

Variety (universal algebra)
In universal algebra, a variety of algebras or equational class is the class of all algebraic structures of a given signature satisfying a given set of identities. For example, the groups form a variety of algebras, as do the abelian groups, the rings, the monoids etc. According to Birkhoff's theorem, a class of algebraic structures of the same signature is a variety if and only if it is closed under the taking of homomorphic images, subalgebras, and (direct) products. In the context of category theory, a variety of algebras, together with its homomorphisms, forms a category; these are usually called finitary algebraic categories.

A covariety is the class of all coalgebraic structures of a given signature.
The Thrill of It All (song)
"The Thrill of It All" is a song by English rock band Roxy Music, released as a single only in the US in November 1974, taken from their 1974 album Country Life. The single was backed by the "All I Want Is You" B-side, an instrumental track called "Your Application's Failed", which is the only track to date written by drummer Paul Thompson. The track was re-released on "The Thrill of It All" boxset.

The Thrill of It All (Roxy Music album)
The Thrill of It All is a four-CD compilation box set by the English band Roxy Music, released by Virgin in 1995 (see 1995 in music). The first three discs of the set collected key album tracks from the band's eight studio albums. The fourth disc consists of a selection of singles, B-sides and remixes. Many of the B-sides were composed by other members of the band as Bryan Ferry wanted each member of the band to benefit from songwriting royalties. The release features no previously unreleased tracks, though it was the first time some tracks were released on compact disc. The set was remastered by Robert Ludwig who subsequently did the 1999 remasters for the Roxy Music catalogue.
Naitō Julia
Naitō Julia (内藤 ジュリア, 1566 - 28 March 1627) was a Japanese noblewoman and religious leader from the Sengoku period to the early Edo period. Julia was among several prominent Catholics, along with Kyogoku Maria and other women catechists, who strongly resisted oppressions imposed on Christianity. She faced the rule of samurai governments, staying true to her missionary campaigns even when Christianity was banned in Japan.

Catechesis
Catechesis (/ˌkætəˈkiːsɪs/; from Greek: κατήχησις, 'instruction by word of mouth', generally 'instruction') is basic Christian religious education of children and adults, often from a catechism book. It started as education of converts to Christianity, but as the religion became institutionalized, catechesis was used for education of members who had been baptized as infants. As defined in the Catechism of the Catholic Church, paragraph 5 (quoting Pope John Paul II's Apostolic Exhortation Catechesi tradendae, §18):

Catechesis is an education in the faith of children, young people and adults which includes especially the teaching of Christian doctrine imparted, generally speaking, in an organic and systematic way, with a view to initiating the hearers into the fullness of Christian life.
John Parsons (Newfoundland politician)
John Parsons (1868 – March 18, 1949) was a businessman, ship's captain and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Bay Roberts in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1928 to 1932 as a Liberal.

He was born in Bay Roberts, the son of James Parsons and Ellen King, and was educated there. Parsons married Susannah Calpin. He operated a wholesale-retail business in the Bay Roberts area and also captained ships operating in the seal fishery. He opposed union with Canada. Parsons joined the opposition Conservatives in 1932 after Squires was accused of corruption. He did not run for reelection in 1932.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Downtown Evanston Historic District
The Downtown Evanston Historic District in Evanston, Wyoming includes about sixty buildings in a compact downtown commercial district.

The bulk of the buildings in the district were built between 1880 and 1930 as the city grew in stature. Sustained by the railroads, coal  and mining, Evanston's central business district reflected the area's prosperity. A later oil boom brought further development.

Significant buildings include the city hall, the courthouse-post office, Downs' Opera House and the Strand cinema.

Built in 1918 to show motion pictures, vaudeville and other live theatre, the Strand burned down in 2007.  It was renovated and reopened as a community events venue in 2015.

The district was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Oil boom
An oil boom is a period of large inflow of income as a result of high global oil prices or large oil production in an economy. Generally, this short period initially brings economic benefits, in terms of increased GDP growth, but might later lead to a resource curse.
2026 CCAA/Curling Canada College Curling Championships
The 2026 CCAA/Curling Canada College Championships were held from February 17 to 21 at the Callie Curling Club in Regina, Saskatchewan. The event was hosted by the University of Saskatchewan. The event was held in conjunction with the 2026 U Sports/Curling Canada University Curling Championships, the Canadian university curling championship.

CCAA/Curling Canada College Curling Championships
The CCAA/Curling Canada College Curling Championships is an annual bonspiel, or curling tournament, that is scheduled to be held for college teams in the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). The CCAA held a curling championship annually from 1984 to 1990, then not again until 2012. The championship is a Curling Canada-sanctioned event.
AD Ceuta FC B
Asociación Deportiva Ceuta B is a Spanish football team based in the autonomous city of Ceuta. Founded in 2012, they are the reserve team of AD Ceuta FC, play in Tercera Federación – Group 10, and hold home matches at Estadio Alfonso Murube, with a capacity of 6,500.

Estadio Alfonso Murube
Estadio Alfonso Murube is a football stadium in the autonomous city of Ceuta, Spain in Northern Africa. It is the home stadium of AD Ceuta FC, who currently play in The Segunda División with a capacity of 6,500 seats. The stadium was inaugurated with a match between Ceuta and Algeciras Club de Fútbol, with the home team winning 4–2.
Alberni Valley
Alberni Valley is a broad valley located at the head of Alberni Inlet on Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. It is home to Port Alberni, Sproat Lake and other outlining areas. The term is largely used as a synonym for Greater Port Alberni and adjoining communities but is used in a larger regional sense as well. Various local organizations and companies use the term "Alberni Valley" in their name, e.g. the Alberni Valley Times and Alberni Valley News newspapers the Alberni Valley Chamber of Commerce and the Alberni Valley Bulldogs minor hockey team. The Canadian pioneer, Joe Drinkwater lived in Alberni Valley during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Alberni Valley Bulldogs
The Alberni Valley Bulldogs are a junior ice hockey team based in Port Alberni, British Columbia, Canada. They are members of the Coastal West Division of the British Columbia Hockey League (BCHL). They play their home games at Weyerhaeuser Arena.