hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Focus.com
Focus.com was a business focused social networking platform and source of technology expertise. Focus members could freely access expert research in diverse areas such as Information Technology, Sales, Marketing, Operations, Small Business, and Human Resources. Members also could get their business questions answered by experts in the community in the site's Q & A and Virtual Summit sections.

The company was founded in August 2005 by Scott Albro and was headquartered in San Francisco, California.

The company was purchased by Ziff Davis, Inc. in August 2011 and its location at Focus.com has since been terminated.

Ziff Davis
Ziff Davis, Inc. is an American digital media and Internet company. Founded in 1927 by William Bernard Ziff Sr. and Bernard George Davis, the company primarily owns technology- and health-oriented media websites, online shopping-related services, Internet connectivity services, gaming and entertainment brands, and cybersecurity and martech (marketing technology) tools. Previously, the company was predominantly a publisher of hobbyist magazines.
Narty, Łódź Voivodeship
Narty [ˈnartɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała Rawska, within Rawa County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) south of Biała Rawska, 18 km (11 mi) south-east of Rawa Mazowiecka, and 70 km (43 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Rawa County
Rawa County (Polish: powiat rawski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Rawa Mazowiecka, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Biała Rawska, lying 17 km (11 mi) east of Rawa Mazowiecka.

The county covers an area of 646.6 square kilometres (249.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 49,443, out of which the population of Rawa Mazowiecka is 17,643, that of Biała Rawska is 3,182, and the rural population is 28,618.
Augusto Novelli
Augusto Novelli (17 January 1867 – 7 November 1927), also known as Novellino, was an Italian Florentine satirical journalist, dramatist, and novelist.

Aa a prolific playwright who completed more than fifty dramatic pieces, many of which are in the Florentine dialect of the Tuscan language, Novelli is regarded as one of the founding fathers of the modern Florentine vernacular theatre.

Vernacular
Vernacular is the ordinary, informal, spoken form of a language or dialect, particularly when perceived as having lower social status or less prestige than standard language, which is more codified, institutionally promoted, literary, or formal. More narrowly, any particular variety of a natural language that does not hold a widespread high-status perception, and sometimes even carries social stigma, is also called a vernacular, vernacular dialect, nonstandard dialect, etc. and is typically its speakers' native variety. Regardless of any such stigma, all nonstandard dialects are full-fledged varieties of language with their own consistent grammatical structure, sound system, body of vocabulary, etc.
Duress (film)
Duress is an American psychological thriller film. The film was initially screened at various film festivals in the United States, Poland and Russia and received favorable reviews. Mark Savlov of the Austin Chronicle wrote about Duress after seeing it at Fantastic Fest in Austin:  "With a mind-blowing denouement that makes the last five minutes of The Sixth Sense feel like the last five minutes of Stranger Than Paradise and a pair of harrowing, human (and inhumanly calibrated) performances from Martin Donovan and Rouvas, Duress comes across like a slap to the psyche, a splash of ice-water across the soul."  The film was released theatrically in Greece by Greek distributor Hollywood Entertainment.

The movie was written by Jim Kehoe and directed by Jordan Barker and was filmed in Los Angeles, California. The film was the first American production by popular Greek singer-songwriter and actor Sakis Rouvas, who had the primary antagonist role in the film.

Stranger Than Paradise
Stranger Than Paradise is a 1984 American black-and-white absurdist deadpan comedy film directed, co-written and co-edited by Jim Jarmusch, and starring jazz musician John Lurie, former Sonic Youth drummer-turned-actor Richard Edson, and Hungarian-born actress and violinist Eszter Balint. It features a minimalist plot in which the main character, Willie, is visited by Eva, his cousin from Hungary. Eva stays with him for ten days before going to Cleveland. Willie and his friend Eddie go to Cleveland to visit her, and the three then take a trip to Florida. The film is shot entirely in single long takes with no standard coverage.
Oliver ministry
The Oliver ministry was the combined Cabinet (formally the Executive Council of British Columbia) that governed British Columbia from March 6, 1918, to August 7, 1927. It was led by John Oliver, the 19th premier of British Columbia, and was composed of members of the Liberal Party.

The Oliver ministry was established following the death of the previous Premier, Harlan Carey Brewster and the election of John Oliver as the leader of the Liberal Party and hence Premier. It governed for the remainder of the 14th Parliament of British Columbia and, after re-election in the 1920 and 1924 elections, the entirety of the 15th Parliament of British Columbia and the duration of the 16th Parliament of British Columbia up to John Oliver's death on August 17, 1927.

1924 British Columbia general election
The 1924 British Columbia general election was the sixteenth general election in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It was held to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. The election was called on May 10, 1924, and held on June 20, 1924.  The new legislature met for the first time on November 3, 1924.

The Liberal Party was re-elected to its third term in government, falling just short of a majority in the legislature even though it won less than a third of the popular vote. Two Independent Liberals were also elected.  Premier John Oliver lost his own seat in Victoria City, but remained Premier until 1927.

The Conservative Party formed the official opposition, while two new parties, the Provincial Party and the Canadian Labour Party won three seats each, and a total of 35% of the vote.
Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
Massachusetts's 1st congressional district covers the western portion and the south of the central portion of the state. It is the largest and most sparsely populated district in the state, covering about 30% of the state's land area. The largest cities in the district are Springfield, Chicopee, Pittsfield, Westfield, and Holyoke.

Richard Neal, a Democrat from Springfield, represents the district; he previously represented the old 2nd from 1989 to 2013.

Western Massachusetts
42°20′N 72°50′W﻿ / ﻿42.333°N 72.833°W﻿ / 42.333; -72.833

Western Massachusetts, known colloquially as "Western Mass," is a region in Massachusetts, one of the six U.S. states that make up the New England region of the United States. Western Massachusetts has diverse topography; 22 colleges and universities including UMass in Amherst, MA, with approximately 100,000 students; and such institutions as Tanglewood, the Springfield Armory, and Jacob's Pillow.

The western part of western Massachusetts includes the Berkshire Mountains, where there are several vacation resorts. The eastern part of the region includes the Connecticut River Valley, which has a number of university towns, the major city Springfield, and numerous agricultural hamlets. In the eastern part of the area, the Quabbin region is a place of outdoor recreation.
CFAV Quest
CFAV Quest  was an oceanographic research/acoustic vessel used by the Royal Canadian Navy and Defence Research and Development Canada. It was the only ship with this capability in the fleet. Based out of Halifax, Nova Scotia, Quest's crew were civilian members of the Canadian Department of National Defence and the ship was classified as an auxiliary vessel (CFAV). In 2016 it was announced the ship was to be divested and ultimately decommissioned by the end of the year.

Defence Research and Development Canada
Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC; French: Recherche et développement pour la défense Canada, RDDC) is the science and technology organization of the Department of National Defence (DND), whose purpose is to provide the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF), other government departments, and public safety and national security communities with knowledge and technology.

DRDC has approximately 1,400 employees across seven research centres within Canada.
Robertson Airfield
Robertson Airfield (IATA: ROD, ICAO: FARS), licensed according to South African Civil Aviation Authority standards, is an unmanned municipal airport situated 1 km to the east of the Western Cape town of Robertson in South Africa. It is on Route 62.

Route 62 (South Africa)
Route 62 is a tourist route in South Africa that meanders between Cape Town, Oudtshoorn, the Garden Route, and Gqeberha (formerly Port Elizabeth), offering the scenic alternative to the N2 highway. Route 62 is named for the R62 provincial route, which it follows from Montagu to Humansdorp, but the tourist route extends further along other highways to Cape Town and Gqeberha.

Also known as the Wine Route, Route 62 leads through the wine-growing areas of Wellington, Tulbagh, Worcester, Robertson and the Klein Karoo and is thus one of the longest wine routes in the world. Activities along Route 62 include wine tours, safari drives, tribal art, cultural tours, museums, hiking, mountain climbing, 4x4 routes, canoeing, horse riding, ostrich riding, fishing, caving, and even skydiving.

Route 62 spans a distance of 850 km from Cape Town to Gqeberha.
Chaetochromin
Chaetochromin, also known as 4548-G05, is an orally active, small-molecule, selective agonist of the insulin receptor. It has potent and long-lasting antidiabetic activity in vivo in mice. The drug may represent a novel potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of diabetes which is more convenient and tolerable to administer than injected insulin. It was discovered in 1981 in Chaetomium gracile fungi, and its interaction with the insulin receptor was identified in 2014.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Sir George FitzGerald, 23rd Knight of Kerry
Major Sir George Peter Maurice FitzGerald, 5th Baronet, 23rd Knight of Kerry (27 February 1917 – 6 April 2001) was a hereditary knight and British soldier. He was the son of Sir Arthur Henry Brinsley FitzGerald and Mary Eleanor Forester. He was educated at Harrow School and at Sandhurst. He fought in the Palestine Campaign in 1939, where he was mentioned in despatches. He fought in the Second World War and was decorated with the award of Military Cross (MC) in 1944. He retired from the military in 1948, with the rank of major, late of the Irish Guards.

He succeeded to the titles of 23rd Knight of Kerry and 5th Baronet of Valentia on 30 November 1967 on the death of his father, the 22nd Knight and 4th Baronet. In 1969, he stood in the Louth by-election as a candidate for Desmond Donnelly's recently formed Democratic Party, coming last. He was succeeded on his death in 2001 by his son Adrian FitzGerald, the 24th Knight and 6th Baronet.

1969 Louth by-election
The 1969 Louth by-election was a by-election held on 4 December 1969 for the British House of Commons constituency of Louth in Lincolnshire.

The seat had become vacant on the death on 31 August of the Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Sir Cyril Osborne.  He had held the seat since the 1945 general election.

The result was a victory for the Conservative candidate Jeffrey Archer. Archer held the seat until the October 1974 general election, when he stepped down due to financial difficulties and began writing popular novels.
George Walmsley
George Walmsley (20 December 1868 — 2 August 1942) was an Irish international rugby union player.

Born in Navan, County Meath, Walmsley was a Bective Rangers player, capped once as a forward for Ireland against England at Blackheath, the second of their three wins to secure a historic first triple crown.

Walmsley was a railway official and became a manager for Great Southern Railways, based out of Kingsbridge.

Navan
Navan (/ˈnævən/ NAV-ən; Irish: An Uaimh [ənˠ ˈuəvʲ], meaning "the Cave") is the county town and largest town of County Meath, Ireland. It is at the confluence of the River Boyne and Blackwater, around 50 km northwest of Dublin. At the 2022 census, it had a population of 33,886, making it the fourteenth largest settlement in all of Ireland. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.
Cadaver (video game)
Cadaver is an isometric action-adventure game by the Bitmap Brothers, originally released by Image Works in August 1990, for Atari ST, Amiga, and MS-DOS. A Mega Drive version was planned, but never released. In the game, the player controls Karadoc the dwarf.

Isometric projection
Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. It is an axonometric projection in which the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two of them is 120 degrees.
Sally Ann Gonzales
Sally Ann Gonzales (born October 2, 1957) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the Arizona State Senate representing District 20 since January 9, 2023. She previously represented District 3 from 2019 to 2023, and also served in the Arizona House of Representatives representing District 3 since from 2013 to 2019. She previously served consecutively from January 10, 2011 until January 14, 2013 in the District 27 seat, and non-consecutively from January 1997 until January 2001 in the District 20 seat.

Arizona House of Representatives
The Arizona House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arizona Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Arizona. The upper house is the Senate. The House convenes in the legislative chambers at the Arizona State Capitol in Phoenix. Its members are elected to two-year terms, with a term limit of four consecutive terms (eight years). Each of the state's 30 legislative districts elects two state house representatives and one state senator, with each district having a population of at least 203,000.

The last election occurred on November 5, 2024, with the Republican Party securing a majority in the House.
Åhus
Åhus (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈôːhʉːs]) is the second largest locality in Kristianstad Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden, with 9,840 inhabitants in 2015, but the number triples during the summer due to tourists who come seeking the beaches and nature of the Helgeå and Hanöbukten area. Åhus is also famous for hosting one of the largest beach handball tournaments in the world with approximately 20,000 participants. In 2011, in the village of Rinkaby near Åhus, the World Scout Meeting also known as the Jamboree was held.

Hanö Bay
55°50′N 14°27′E﻿ / ﻿55.833°N 14.450°E﻿ / 55.833; 14.450

Hanö Bay (Swedish: Hanöbukten) is a sandy bay, stretching from Listerlandet in the north to Stenshuvud in the south, on the east coast of Skåne, South Sweden. It is named after Hanö island.
Jackknife clam
Jackknife clam is a common name which is used for several species in the genera Ensis and Solen within the family Solenidae, species which are found on Atlantic and Pacific beaches of temperate North America. Species in these families are also found elsewhere in the world, but in other English-speaking countries they usually have other common names. All the species in these genera have thin, highly elongate shells. Many of these bivalves are collected for food.

Species include:

Ensis leei

Ensis minor

Ensis myrae

Solen viridis

Solen sicarius

Ensis
Ensis is a genus of medium-sized edible saltwater clams, littoral bivalve molluscs in the family Pharidae. Ensis, or razor clams, are known in much of Scotland as spoots, for the spouts of water they eject while burrowing into the sand, when visible at low tide. This term may also colloquially include members of the genus Solen.
Speak (The Roches album)
Speak is an album by the American musical trio the Roches, released in 1989 on MCA Records. The album contained two singles that had accompanying videos, "Big Nuthin'" and "Everyone Is Good". Another track, "Nocturne", was included in the 1988 film Crossing Delancey, which costarred Suzzy Roche.

"Big Nuthin'" was a minor radio hit. The trio supported the album with a North American tour.

Suzzy Roche
Suzzy Roche (/ˈsʌziː/ SUHZ-ee; born September 29, 1956) is an American singer, best known for her work with the vocal group the Roches, alongside sisters Maggie and Terre. Suzzy is the youngest of the three, and joined the act in 1977. She is the author of the novels Wayward Saints and The Town Crazy and the children's book Want to Be in a Band?
Kotel, Bulgaria
Kotel (Bulgarian: Котел [ˈkɔtɛɫ]) is a town in central Bulgaria, part of Sliven Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Kotel Municipality. In 2016, the town had a population of 5,329.

Kotel is known for the numerous personalities of the Bulgarian National Revival who are connected to the town in various ways, such as the politicians Alexander Bogoridi and Stefan Bogoridi, the enlighteners Sophronius of Vratsa and Petar Beron, public figure Gavril Krastevich, revolutionary Georgi Rakovski, as well as the World War II prime minister Dobri Bozhilov. It has a well-known music school and a large Romani population who can be found playing in restaurants and orchestras all over Bulgaria. Because of its location in the mountains, Kotel is also a popular health resort for the cure of diseases such as tuberculosis. Kotel has been a centre for carpet making and there is a museum devoted to the craft.

Bulgarian Revival
The Bulgarian Revival (Bulgarian: Българско възраждане, romanized: Balgarsko vazrazhdane, Turkish: Bulgar ulus canlanması), also called the Bulgarian National Revival, was a period of socio-economic development and national integration among Bulgarian people under Ottoman rule. It is commonly accepted to have started with the historical book, Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, written in 1762 by Paisius, a Bulgarian monk of the Hilandar monastery at Mount Athos, leading to the National awakening of Bulgaria and the modern Bulgarian nationalism, and lasting until the creation of autonomous status for Bulgaria with the formation of the Principality of Bulgaria in 1878 as a result of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878.
Peckhamia (journal)
Peckhamia is a peer-reviewed, open-access, scientific journal covering research on jumping spiders. It is published by the Peckham Society, an international organization of naturalists and scientists with an interest in jumping spiders, named in honor of George and Elizabeth Peckham. The journal was established in 1977 and its current editor-in-chief is David E. Hill.

Several species related to the peacock spider were first described in Peckhamia, including Maratus harrisi (2011), Saitis mutans (2012), Saitis virgatus (2012), Maratus robinsoni (2012), Maratus spicatus (2012), Maratus velutinus (2012), and Maratus avibus (2014). The genus Phanuelus was first described in Peckhamia in 2015.

Peckhamia is abstracted and indexed in The Zoological Record.

Phanuelus
Phanuelus is a spider genus of the jumping spider family, Salticidae. The single described species Phanuelus gladstone is endemic to India. The holotype and paratypes of P. gladstone were all collected from the campus of Madras Christian College in Chennai. Adult spiders are 3–4 mm in length with a short, high carapace and rounded abdomen.

The genus is named after G. J. Phanuel, a professor at Madras Christian College who worked on the spiders of Chennai in the early 1960s.
Gymnastics at the Pan American Games – Women's balance beam
Women's events at the Gymnastics at the Pan American Games were first held at the 1959 Pan American Games.

Three medals are awarded: gold for first place, silver for second place, and bronze for third place. Tie breakers have not been used in every year. In the event of a tie between two gymnasts, both names are listed, and the following position (second for a tie for first, third for a tie for second) is left empty because a medal was not awarded for that position. If three gymnastics tied for a position, the following two positions are left empty.

Tie (draw)
A draw or tie occurs in a competitive sport when the results are identical or inconclusive. Ties or draws are possible in some, but not all, sports and games. Such an outcome, sometimes referred to as deadlock, can also occur in other areas of life such as politics, business, and wherever there are different factions regarding an issue.
Robert Gray Elementary School
Robert Gray Elementary School can refer to:

Robert R. Gray Elementary School - Prince George's County, Maryland - Prince George's County Public Schools

Robert Gray Elementary School - Aberdeen, Washington - Aberdeen School District

Robert Gray Elementary School - Longview, Washington - Longview Public Schools

Prince George's County Public Schools
Prince George's County Public Schools (PGCPS) is a public school district that serves Prince George's County, Maryland. During the 2024–25 academic year, the district enrolled around 133,000 students and operated over 200 schools. PGCPS is the second-largest school district in Maryland, the third-largest district in the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area, the 18th-largest in the United States, and the nation's largest school district with a majority-black student population.

Headquartered in Upper Marlboro, PGCPS is the county's sole school district. The Prince George's County Board of Education comprises 14 members who oversee the Superintendent.

On June 13, 2025, Dr. Shawn Joseph was named as interim Superintendent for the district.
Suruli Falls
Suruli falls, is located 56 km (35 mi) from Theni and 10 km (6.2 mi) from Cumbum in the Theni District in Tamil Nadu, India.  It is a 2 stage Cascading water fall. The Suruli River supplying the falls originates from the Meghamalai mountain range. The falls drop from a height of 150 feet (46 m) gathers into a pool, flows for a short distance and again plummets an additional 40 feet (12 m).

Theni district
Theni district is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in India. Surrounded by hills, the district is located to the west of Madurai district. The town of Theni is the district headquarters. The district is divided into two natural divisions by the hills and is further subdivided into five Taluks: Theni, Bodinayakanur, Periyakulam, Uthamapalayam and Andipatti. The area is rich in natural features, with thick vegetation and perennial streams from the hills on the western side, and Cumbum Valley, which lies in Uthamapalayam taluk. As of 2011, Theni district had a population of 1,245,899.