hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Athletics at the 2022 Commonwealth Games – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay
The women's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 2022 Commonwealth Games, as part of the athletics programme, is taking place at the Alexander Stadium on 6 August & 7 August 2022.

On 14 July 2023, it was confirmed that the Nigerian team had been disqualified for an anti-doping infringement. As a result, England were promoted to gold, Jamaica to silver and Australia to bronze.

England at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
England competed at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham between 28 July and 8 August 2022. Having competed at every Games since their 1930 inauguration, it was England's twenty-second appearance (and third appearance as the host nation).

Following the CGF's decision to revoke Durban's hosting rights, Birmingham was chosen as the English host candidate and submitted its bid. Though originally deemed not fully compliant, adjustments to the bid ensured the city was awarded the hosting rights in December 2017.

Jack Laugher and Emily Campbell were the country's flagbearers during the opening ceremony, and Jake Jarman was the country's flagbearer at the closing ceremony.
Cambo-les-Bains station
Cambo-les-Bains station (French: Gare de Cambo-les-Bains; Basque: Kanbo Geltokia) is a railway station in Cambo-les-Bains, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station was opened in 1891 and is located on the Bayonne - Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF.

Transport express régional
Transport express régional (French pronunciation: [tʁɑ̃spɔʁ ɛksprɛs ʁeʒjɔnal], usually shortened to TER) is the brand name used by the SNCF, the French national railway company, to denote rail service run by the regional councils of France, specifically their organised transport authorities. The network serves French regions; Île-de-France (Transilien) and Corsica (CFC) have their own specific transport systems. Every day, over 800,000 passengers are carried on 5,700 TER-branded trains.

TER is part of SNCF Voyageurs, a branch of the SNCF dealing with urban and regional passenger rail, which also includes Transilien, Intercités, Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC), Keolis, and Effia.
Polygonum heterosepalum
Polygonum heterosepalum, common name dwarf desert knotweed or oddsepal knotweed, is a plant species native to the Great Basin Desert in southwestern Idaho, northern Nevada, northeastern California, and southwestern Oregon. It has been reported from 1 county in California (Modoc), 4 in Nevada (Washoe, Humboldt, Elko and Lander), 4 in Idaho (Owyhee, Twin Falls, Elmore and Gooding), and 5 in Oregon (Lake, Malheur, Harney, Grant and Crook). The species occurs in dry, open sites in sagebrush plains and pine woodlands.

Polygonum heterosepalum is a short herb up to 5 centimetres (2.0 in) tall, forming mats that seem rather moss-like. Stems are green or red. Leaves are densely packed, narrow up to 3 millimetres (0.12 in) long. Flowers are white, sometimes pink along margins, borne in groups of 2–3 in the axils of the leaves, slightly zygomorphic with some tepals longer than the others.

Malheur County, Oregon
Malheur County (/mælˈhɪər/ ⓘ, French pronunciation: [ma.lœʁ]) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,571. Its county seat is Vale, and its largest city is Ontario. The county was named after the Malheur River, which runs through the county. The word "malheur" is French for misfortune or tragedy. Malheur County is included in the Ontario, Oregon Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boise Combined Statistical Area. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.
2010–11 Liga III
The 2010–11 Liga III season was the 55th season of the Liga III, the third tier of the Romanian football league system. The season started on August 27, 2010 and ended on June 3, 2011.

The winners of each series promoted to the 2011–12 Liga II.

The bottom three from each division relegated at the end of the season to the county football leagues (Liga IV). From the 13th placed teams, another three were relegated. To determine this teams, separate standings were computed, using only the games played against clubs ranked 1st through 12th.

Liga IV
Liga IV is the fourth level of the Romanian football league system and is run in all 41 counties and in the Municipality of Bucharest. It was known as the Regional Championship, County Championship, Divizia C – County Phase and Divizia D. Its name was changed into Liga IV before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Rahumäe
Rahumäe (Estonian for 'peace hill' or 'quiet hill') is a subdistrict (Estonian: asum) in the district of Nõmme, Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It covers an area of 1.75 km2 (0.68 sq mi) and has a population of 3,075 (as of 1 January 2014), and a population density of 1,695/km2 (4,391/sq mi).

Rahumäe has a railway station on the Elron western route.

Rahumäe Cemetery and Tallinn's Jewish cemetery are located in Rahumäe.

Elron (rail transit)
AS Eesti Liinirongid, operating as Elron, is a government-owned passenger train operator in Estonia.

Prior to 2014, the company operated exclusively the electrified commuter rail system in Harjumaa, and was known until October 2013 as Elektriraudtee, i.e. "the Electrical Railway". On 1 January 2014, Elron took over all domestic passenger train services in Estonia from Edelaraudtee.
Moving (Travis song)
"Moving" is a song by alternative rock band Travis. It was released on 1 July 2013 as the second single to promote the band's seventh studio album, Where You Stand. "Moving" was written by the band's bassist Dougie Payne. The song has charted in Japan.

Fran Healy (musician)
Francis Healy (born 23 July 1973) is a Scottish musician. He is the lead singer and lyricist of the band Travis, having written nearly all of the songs on their first six studio albums along with their ninth and tenth, with the seventh and eighth containing material written by other members of the band. Healy released his debut solo album, titled Wreckorder, in October 2010.
Amp Fiddler
Joseph Anthony "Amp" Fiddler (May 17, 1958 – December 18, 2023) was an American singer, songwriter, keyboardist, and record producer from Detroit, Michigan. His musical styles included funk, soul, dance and electronica. He was probably best known for his contributions to the band Enchantment, and as part of George Clinton's Parliament and Funkadelic groups from 1985 to 1996.

Funkadelic
Funkadelic was an American funk rock band formed in Plainfield, New Jersey in 1968 and active until 1982. As one of the two flagship groups of George Clinton's P-Funk collective, they helped pioneer the funk music culture of the 1970s. Funkadelic initially formed as a backing band for Clinton's vocal group the Parliaments (later the full-fledged band Parliament), but eventually pursued a heavier, psychedelic rock-oriented sound in their own recordings. They released acclaimed albums such as Maggot Brain (1971) and One Nation Under a Groove (1978).
USS Iuka (1864)
USS Iuka, originally named Commodore, was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Navy to patrol navigable waterways of the Confederacy to prevent the South from trading with other countries.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
József Kiprich
József Kiprich (born 6 September 1963) is a Hungarian football coach and scout and former player. He made his debut for the Hungarian national team in 1984, and got 70 caps and 28 goals until 1995. He was a participant at the 1986 FIFA World Cup in Mexico, where Hungary failed to progress from the group stage. During his career he won two national championships, five national cups, two super cups and he became top goalscorer in a league twice.

Cypriot First Division
The Cypriot First Division (Greek: Πρωτάθλημα Α΄ Κατηγορίας), also known as the Cyprus League by Stoiximan for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Cyprus and the highest level of the Cypriot football league system. Operated by the Cyprus Football Association, the league is contested by fourteen teams and runs from August to May, with the three lowest-placed teams being relegated to the Cypriot Second Division, and replaced by the top three teams in that division.
Time smearing
Time smearing or time-average smearing is the degradation of the reconstructed image of a celestial body observed by a ground-based interferometer that occurs because of the duration of the observation. Unlike single telescopes or cameras that can compensate for the Earth's rotation in real time using a dedicated mount, the different telescopes of the interferometer are at fixed positions on the Earth. As a result, maps obtained with interferometers feature elongated orthoradial features similar to those of night sky photographs taken with a fixed tripod, unless they use short enough integration times.

The smearing is a problem for long integration times or very separated telescopes. Mostly an issue in radioastronomy, it severely limits the usable field of view of observations in very long baseline interferometry.

Field of view
The field of view (FOV) is the angular extent of the observable world that is seen at any given moment. In the case of optical instruments or sensors, it is a solid angle through which a detector is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. It is further relevant in photography.
1985 Major League Baseball strike
The 1985 Major League Baseball strike was the fifth work stoppage in Major League Baseball since the 1972 Major League Baseball strike. The strike lasted only two days, August 6 and 7.  Of the 25 games scheduled for those days, 23 were made up later in the season with the only two games not being made up being a game between the Baltimore Orioles and Toronto Blue Jays at Exhibition Stadium and a game between the Milwaukee Brewers and Texas Rangers at Arlington Stadium which were both scheduled to be played on August 7.

1985 Baltimore Orioles season
The 1985 Baltimore Orioles season was the 85th season in Baltimore Orioles franchise history, the 32nd in Baltimore, and the 32nd at Memorial Stadium. The Orioles finished fourth in the American League East with a record of 83 wins and 78 losses. The Orioles led Major League Baseball in home runs (214) and slugging percentage (.430).
USS Aspro
Two submarines of the United States Navy have been named Aspro after the aspro, a fish found abundantly in the upper Rhone River.

USS Aspro (SS-309), a Balao-class submarine, served during World War II.

USS Aspro (SSN-648), a Sturgeon-class submarine, served during the Cold War.

USS Aspro (SSN-648)
USS Aspro (SSN-648) was a Sturgeon-class submarine launched in 1969 and decommissioned in 1995. Scrapping was completed in 2000.

It was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the aspro, a fish of the Zingel genus found abundantly in the upper Rhone River.
Daiki Kamikawa
Daiki Kamikawa (上川 大樹, Kamikawa Daiki; born 9 November 1989 in Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi) is a Japanese judoka. He won the gold medal in the openweight division at the 2010 World Judo Championships by defeating Teddy Riner of France by a flags decision. Kamikawa is known for being a very technical judoka for a heavy weight and uses techniques such as harai goshi and uchi mata with frequency. He represented Japan at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

2010 World Judo Championships – Men's Open
The Men's Open competition at the 2010 World Judo Championships was held at 13 September at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan. 67 competitors contested for the medals, being split in 4 Pools where the winner advanced to the medal round.
2011 SAP Open – Doubles
Mardy Fish and Sam Querrey were the defending champions, but Fish chose not to compete.Querrey decided to play with Juan Martín del Potro, but lost in the quarterfinals to Mark Knowles and Michal Mertiňák.Scott Lipsky and Rajeev Ram won in the final, 6–4, 4–6, [10–8], against Alejandro Falla and Xavier Malisse.

Xavier Malisse
Xavier Malisse (born 19 July 1980) is a Belgian tennis coach and a former professional player. Born in the north-western Flemish city of Kortrijk and nicknamed X-Man, he is one of only two Belgian men (the other being David Goffin) to have been ranked in the top 20 of the ATP Tour, with a career-high singles ranking of world No. 19.
Japanese destroyer Yanagi (1917)
33°55′48″N 130°49′20″E﻿ / ﻿33.9301341°N 130.8221849°E﻿ / 33.9301341; 130.8221849

Yanagi was one of four Momo-class destroyers built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War I. She was converted to a training hulk in 1940 and was scrapped in 1947.

Hulk (ship type)
A hulk is a ship that is afloat, but incapable of going to sea. 'Hulk' may be used to describe a ship that has been launched but not completed, an abandoned wreck or shell, or a ship whose propulsion system is no longer maintained or has been removed altogether. The word hulk also may be used as a verb: a ship is "hulked" to convert it to a hulk. The verb was also applied to crews of Royal Navy ships in dock, who were sent to the receiving ship for accommodation, or "hulked". Hulks have a variety of uses such as housing, prisons, salvage pontoons, gambling sites, naval training, or cargo storage.

In the age of sail, many hulls served longer as hulks than they did as functional ships. Wooden ships were often hulked when the hull structure became too old and weak to withstand the stresses of sailing.

More recently, ships have been hulked when they become obsolete or when they become uneconomical to operate.
Arthur Smith (cricketer, born 1851)
Arthur Smith (28 May 1851 – 8 March 1923) was an English cricketer.  Smith was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm roundarm slow-medium.  He was born at Hurstpierpoint, Sussex.

Smith made his first-class debut for Sussex against Yorkshire in 1874 at the County Ground, Hove.  He made eighteen further first-class appearances for Sussex, the last of which came against Surrey in 1880. Smith's role in a team was a bowler, in his nineteen first-class matches for Sussex he took 61 wickets at an average of 17.80, with best figures of 7/47. These figures were one of three five wicket hauls he took and came against Surrey in 1876, a match in which he also took figures of 5/77 to claim his only haul of ten wickets in a match. With the bat, he scored 94 runs at an average of 4.27, with a high score of 13.

He died at Amberley, Sussex, on 8 March 1923.  His brother, Charles, and nephew, also called Charles, played first-class cricket, as did his uncle Alfred Smith.

Hurstpierpoint
Hurstpierpoint  is a village in the Mid Sussex district, in the county of West Sussex, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) southwest of Burgess Hill, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Hassocks railway station, and 40 miles south of London (as the crow flies). It sits in the  civil parish of Hurstpierpoint and Sayers Common  which has an area of 2029.88 ha and a population of 7,112.

The village was once chiefly one long street running east and west and most of the buildings in it are of the 18th century or later. The late 20th Century and early 21st Century saw Hurstpierpoint expanding greatly with new homes built north, east and west of the village.

Hurstpierpoint hosts the Hurst Festival which takes place every summer and has an active Scouts and Guides Groups.

Established in 1962, the Hurstpierpoint Society is a village organization with over 1,300 members, dedicated to enhancing and safeguarding the village surroundings and examining local planning proposals.
Adam A500
The Adam A500 is an American six-seat civil utility aircraft that was produced by Adam Aircraft Industries. The aircraft is of pod-and-boom, push-pull configuration with its two Continental TSIO-550-E piston engines mounted to provide centerline thrust.

Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.
Maria Luisa Coppola
Maria Luisa Coppola (born 2 November 1960 in Vicenza) is an Italian politician from Veneto.

A member of National Alliance (and, prior to that, of the Italian Social Movement), in September 2001 she was appointed regional minister for the Budget, replacing Luca Bellotti, in Galan II Government. In the 2005 regional election she was first elected to the Regional Council of Veneto and, consequently, re-appointed minister for the Budget in Galan III Government. Having been re-eledcted in 2010, she was appointed regional minister of Economic Development in Zaia I Government.

2005 Venetian regional election
The Venetian regional election of 2005 took place on 3–4 April 2005.

Giancarlo Galan (Forza Italia, House of Freedoms) was re-elected for the third time in a row President of the Region, but the support for him was diminished by the presence of a third candidate, Giorgio Panto, who picked votes both from the centre-right and the Venetist camps, and of a fourth candidate representing the far right, Roberto Bussinello.

Although Forza Italia remained the largest party in the Council and also in the Region as a whole (The Olive Tree was only an electoral alliance at the time and the three parties which were part of it formed separate groups in the Council), it suffered a serious decline in term of votes, from 30.3% of 2000 to 22.7%.

Venetist parties had a very good result: the combined score of Liga Veneta (14.7%), North-East Project (5.4%) and Liga Fronte Veneto (1.2%) was 21.3%, up from the 15.6% of 2000 (Liga Veneta 12.0%, Veneti d'Europa 2.4% and Fronte Marco Polo 1.2%).
Eye injuries during 2022 Iranian protests
Conservative estimates reported by ophthalmologists in November 2022 stated there had been 580 confirmed cases of significant eye injuries during the 2022 Woman, Life, Freedom protests triggered by the death-in-custody of Mahsa "Jina" Amini. The actual number of injuries is likely much higher. The widespread nature of the eye injuries across the country and the number of cases reported demonstrates a systematic nature to these attacks.

Enucleation of the eye
Enucleation is the removal of the eye that leaves the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact. This type of ocular surgery is indicated for a number of ocular tumors, in eyes that have sustained severe trauma, and in eyes that are otherwise blind and painful.

Self-enucleation or auto-enucleation (oedipism) and other forms of serious self-inflicted eye injury are an extremely rare form of severe self-harm that usually results from mental illnesses involving acute psychosis. The name comes from Oedipus of Greek mythology, who gouged out his own eyes.
Leopoldina Railway
The Leopoldina Railway (Portuguese: Estrada de Ferro Leopoldina) was the first railroad established in the current state of Minas Gerais. Located in the southeast of Brazil, it was inaugurated in 1874. it reached over 3,200 kilometers of track, including racks on the stretches of the Serra do Mar.

During its history, the railway experienced serious crises and was controlled by farmers, merchants and British creditors. In 1957, the Rede Ferroviária Federal (RFFSA) assumed responsibility for the lines. However, the measures were ineffective and the railroad progressively lost its branches, being dissolved in 1975. Part of the railroad was transferred to the management of Ferrovia Centro-Atlântica, with a majority of its circuit suppressed and the remainder operating freight transport.

Southeast Region, Brazil
The Southeast Region of Brazil (Portuguese: Região Sudeste do Brasil, pronounced [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w suˈdɛstʃi du bɾaˈziw]) is composed of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo. It is the richest region of the country, responsible for approximately 53% of the Brazilian GDP (2022), as São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Minas Gerais are the three richest states of Brazil, the top three Brazilian states in terms of GDP. The Southeast of Brazil also has the highest GDP per capita among all Brazilian regions.

The Southeast region accounts for about 44% of Brazil's total population, leading the country in population, urban population, population density, vehicles, industries, universities, airports, ports, highways, hospitals, schools, houses and many other areas.
HEMA (store)
HEMA (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦeːmaː]; originally an acronym for Hollandsche Eenheidsprijzen Maatschappij Amsterdam, "Standard Price Company of Holland, Amsterdam") is a Dutch variety chain store known by relatively low pricing of generic household goods.

In 2023, the chain had almost 750 branches in 9 countries. Most of its products are manufactured by the chain itself – often featuring original designs.

Chain store
A chain store or retail chain is a retail outlet in which several locations share a brand, central management, and standardized business practices. They have come to dominate many retail markets, dining markets, and service categories in many parts of the world. A franchised retail establishment is one form of a chain store.  In 2005, the world's largest retail chain, Walmart, became the world's largest corporation based on gross sales.
California Maritime Academy Corps of Cadets
The California Maritime Academy Corps of Cadets is the undergraduate student body at the California Maritime Academy.  As a State Maritime Academy, as required by Title 46 Part 310 of the Code of Federal Regulations students are considered Cadets, required to wear uniforms, and utilize a demerit-based disciplinary system.  Participation in the Corps of Cadets is mandatory; participation in the Navy Reserve Merchant Marine program is optional.  Cadets still utilize Merchant Marine Navy-style uniforms, customs, and traditions.  Based on academic majors cadets are organized into Squads, Sections, Divisions and Companies which regularly muster in Morning Formations multiple times a week, as well as stand watches on campus and aboard the training ship.

Muster (military)
In military organization, the term muster is the process or event of accounting for members in a military unit. This practice of inspections led to the coining of the English idiom pass muster, meaning being sufficient. When a unit is created, it is "mustered in" and when it is disbanded, it is "mustered out". If a unit "musters" it is generally to take account of who is present and who is not.

A muster roll is the list of members of a military unit, often including their rank and the dates they joined or left. A roll call is the reading aloud of the names on the muster roll and the responses, to determine who is present.