hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shadows in the Dark (Conan story)
"Shadows in the Dark" is a short story by American writers L. Sprague de Camp and Lin Carter, featuring the fictional sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian created by Robert E. Howard. It was first published by Bantam Books in the paperback collection Conan the Swordsman in August 1978. Later paperback editions of the collection were issued by Ace Books (1987 and 1991). The first hardcover edition was published by Tor Books in 2002. The book has also been translated into Italian. It was later gathered together with Conan the Liberator and Conan and the Spider God into the omnibus collection Sagas of Conan (Tor Books, 2004).

Conan and the Spider God
Conan and the Spider God is a fantasy novel by American writer L. Sprague de Camp featuring Robert E. Howard's  sword and sorcery hero Conan the Barbarian. It was first published in paperback by Bantam Books in December 1980; later paperback editions were issued by Ace Books (April 1989, reprinted August 1991) and Tor Books (June 2003). The first hardcover edition was issued by Robert Hale in 1984, and the second by Tor Books in 2002. It was later gathered together with Conan the Swordsman and Conan the Liberator into the omnibus trade paperback collection Sagas of Conan (Tor Books, 2004).

Conan and the Spider God is the only fictional Conan work credited solely to de Camp; his other Conan stories being collaborations with Howard (posthumously), Lin Carter, and Björn Nyberg. De Camp also wrote numerous non-fiction pieces about Conan and Howard, both alone and with others.
Pavao Pavličić
Pavao Pavličić (born 16 August 1946, in Vukovar) is a Croatian writer, literary historian and translator whose main focus are crime novels. He writes for both adults and children.

Pavao Pavličić was born on August 16, 1946, in Vukovar, where he completed elementary school and high school. In 1969, he graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of Zagreb University with a degree in comparative literature and the Italian language, and in 1974 he received his doctorate with a thesis in the field of metrics (Rhyme sisters in Croatian literature: literary-theoretical and literary-historical aspects).

Since 1997, Pavličić is a full member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

In 2014 he won the Zvane Črnja Award for his Narodno veselje.

Vukovar
Vukovar (pronounced [ʋûkoʋaːr], Hungarian: Vukovár, German: Wukowar) is a city in Croatia, in the eastern regions of Syrmia and Slavonia. It contains Croatia's largest river port, located at the confluence of the Vuka and the Danube. Vukovar is the seat of Vukovar-Syrmia County and the second-largest city in the county after Vinkovci. The city's registered population was 22,616 in the 2021 census, with a total of 23,536 in the municipality.
Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev
Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev was the name of three Anatolian Seljuk Sultans:

Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev I reigned during two different periods, the first time between 1192 and 1196, the second time between 1205 and 1211

Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev II reigned between 1237 and 1246

Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev III reigned between 1265 and 1282

Kaykhusraw I
Kaykhusraw I (Old Anatolian Turkish: كَیخُسرو or Ghiyāth ad-Dīn Kaykhusraw ibn Kilij Arslān; Persian: غياث‌الدين كيخسرو بن قلج ارسلان), the eleventh and youngest son of Kilij Arslan II, was Seljuk Sultan of Rûm. He succeeded his father in 1192, but had to fight his brothers for control of the Sultanate, losing to his brother Suleiman II in 1196. He ruled it 1192–1196 and 1205–1211.
GLB1
Galactosidase, beta 1, also known as GLB1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the GLB1 gene.

The GLB1 protein is a beta-galactosidase that cleaves the terminal beta-galactose from ganglioside substrates and other glycoconjugates. The GLB1 gene also encodes an elastin binding protein.

In corn (Zea mays), Glb1 is a gene coding for the storage protein globulin.

Ganglioside
A ganglioside is a molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids (e.g. N-acetylneuraminic acid, NANA) linked on the sugar chain. NeuNAc, an acetylated derivative of the carbohydrate sialic acid, makes the head groups of gangliosides anionic at pH 7, which distinguishes them from globosides.

The name ganglioside was first applied by the German scientist Ernst Klenk in 1942 to lipids newly isolated from ganglion cells of the brain. More than 60 gangliosides are known,  which differ from each other mainly in the position and number of NANA residues. It is a component of the cell plasma membrane that modulates cell signal transduction events, and appears to concentrate in lipid rafts.

Recently, gangliosides have been found to be highly important molecules in immunology. Natural and semisynthetic gangliosides are considered possible therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders.
Beast Race
Beast Race (Portuguese: Corrida dos Bichos) is an upcoming Brazilian action science fiction film directed by Fernando Meirelles (in his first Portuguese language feature since City of God), Rodrigo Pesavento and Ernesto Solis, co-written by Solis and Rodrigo Lages. Starring Matheus Abreu, Rodrigo Santoro, Isis Valverde, Bruno Gagliasso, Grazi Massafera, Seu Jorge and Leandro Firmino, it is set in a dystopian Rio de Janeiro, where the sea has dried up and the city has taken on a new geographic configuration.

The film will have its world premiere at the Narrative Spotlight section of the 2026 South by Southwest Film & TV Festival on 17 March. It is scheduled to be release by Amazon MGM Studios in Brazil in 2026.

Amazon MGM Studios
Amazon MGM Studios is an American film and television production and distribution company owned by Amazon, and headquartered at the Culver Studios complex in Culver City, California. Launched in November 2010 as Amazon Studios, the company adopted its name in October 2023 after its merger with MGM Holdings, which Amazon had acquired the year prior.

Productions from the studio are primarily distributed through theaters and Amazon's own streaming media service, Amazon Prime Video.

Alongside Amazon Prime Video, the company constitutes one half of Amazon's membership in the Motion Picture Association (MPA), which it joined in October 2024.
Burnby
Burnby is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Hayton, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.  It is situated approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) south-east of the market town of Pocklington and 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of the market town of Market Weighton. It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) to the east of the A1079 road. In 1931 the parish had a population of 103. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Hayton.

The name Burnby derives from the Old Norse brunnrbȳ meaning 'settlement by the spring'.

The church dedicated to St Giles was designated a Grade II* listed building in 1967, and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England.

Burnby was served by Nunburnholme railway station on the York to Beverley Line between 1847 and 1951.

Market Weighton
Market Weighton (/ˌmɑːrkɪt ˈwiːtən/ WEE-tən) is a town and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is one of the main towns in the East Yorkshire Wolds and lies midway between Hull and York, about 20 miles (32 km) from either one. According to the 2021 UK Census Market Weighton parish had a population of 7,459, an increase on the 2011 UK census population of 6,429, which was an increase on the 2001 UK census figure of 5,212.
Paling in 't groen
Paling in 't groen (Dutch) or Anguilles au vert (French) is a Belgian dish, mainly from the Flemish Region along the river Scheldt, between Dendermonde and Antwerp. The Dutch name (literally 'Eel in the Green')  refers to freshwater eel in a green herb sauce. The traditionally home-made meal is also sold fully prepared but still uncooked by some fishmongers' shops or market stalls, and can be enjoyed in specialty restaurants.

Flemish Region
The Flemish Region (Dutch: Vlaams Gewest, pronounced [ˌvlaːms xəˈʋɛst] ⓘ), usually simply referred to as Flanders (Dutch: Vlaanderen [ˈvlaːndərə(n)] ⓘ), is one of the three regions of Belgium—alongside the Walloon Region and the Brussels-Capital Region. Covering the northern portion of the country, the Flemish Region is primarily Dutch-speaking. With an area of 13,626 km2 (5,261 sq mi), it accounts for only 45% of Belgium's territory, but 58% of its population. It is one of the most densely populated regions of Europe with around 500/km2 (1,300/sq mi).

The Flemish Region is distinct from the Flemish Community: the latter encompasses both the inhabitants of the Flemish Region and the Dutch-speaking minority living in the Brussels-Capital Region. It borders the Netherlands and France.
Bloodworth (surname)
Bloodworth is an English surname derived from Blidworth in Nottinghamshire. Notable people with the surname include:

Dominique Bloodworth (born 1995), Dutch women's association football player

James Bloodworth Jr. (1925–2006), American physician and pathologist

Jimmy Bloodworth (1917–2002), American baseball player

Margaret Bloodworth (born 1949), former Canadian National Security Advisor

Rhoda Bloodworth (1889–1980), New Zealand labour activist, community worker and feminist

Sir Thomas Bloodworth (1620–1682), English merchant and politician; Lord Mayor of London during the Great Fire of London (1666)

Tom Bloodworth (1882–1974), New Zealand politician

Timothy Bloodworth (1736–1814), American teacher and statesman from North Carolina

Linda Bloodworth-Thomason (born 1947), American writer and television producer

Raymond Bloodworth, American composer often associated with L. Russell Brown and Bob Crewe

Blidworth
Blidworth is a village and civil parish approximately five miles east of Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 4,457, this dropped to 4,295 in the 2021 census.
December 2011 lunar eclipse
A total lunar eclipse occurred at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Saturday, December 10, 2011, with an umbral magnitude of 1.1076. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A total lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon's near side entirely passes into the Earth's umbral shadow. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse can last up to nearly two hours, while a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes at any given place, because the Moon's shadow is smaller. Occurring about 4.8 days after apogee (on December 5, 2011, at 20:10 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter was smaller.

Umbra, penumbra and antumbra
The umbra, penumbra and antumbra are three distinct parts of a shadow, created by any light source after impinging on an opaque object of lesser size. In cases of equal or smaller impinging objects, only an umbra and penumbra are generated. Assuming no diffraction, for a collimated beam (such as a point source) of light, only the umbra is cast.

These phenomena are generally observed within solar systems, as the size of the stars within the system are larger than the orbiting satellites, hence these terms are most often used for the shadows cast by celestial bodies, though they are sometimes used to describe levels of darkness, such as in sunspots.
Thomas Grove (politician, died 1692)
Thomas Grove (c. 1609 – 27 January 1692) was an English  politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1645 and 1660.

Grove was the son of Robert Grove of Mere, Wiltshire and his wife Honor South, daughter of Thomas South of Swallowcliffe, also in Wiltshire. He was a student of Middle Temple in 1627. He was of Ferne House, Donhead St Mary, Wiltshire.

In 1645, he was elected Member of Parliament for Milborne Port in Somerset as a recruiter to the Long Parliament. In December 1648 he was one of the Members excluded in Pride's Purge. He was MP for Wiltshire in the First Protectorate Parliament in 1654 and in the Second Protectorate Parliament in 1656. In 1659 he was elected MP for Marlborough in the Third Protectorate Parliament. He was elected for MP for Shaftesbury, Dorset in the Convention Parliament of 1660.

Swallowcliffe
Swallowcliffe is a small village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, about 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Tisbury and 11 miles (18 km) west of Salisbury.  The village lies about half a mile north of the A30 Shaftesbury-Wilton road which crosses the parish.
James W. Toban
James W. Toban (November 23, 1845 - November 2, 1903) was an American sergeant awarded the Medal of Honor for actions at Aiken, South Carolina during the American Civil War. The medal was awarded for actions on 11 February, 1865 with the 9th Michigan Cavalry. He was born in Northfield, Michigan and died in Lansing, Michigan.

Aiken, South Carolina
Aiken is the most populous city in, and the county seat of, Aiken County, South Carolina, United States. According to 2020 census, the population was 32,025, making it the 15th-most populous city in South Carolina, and one of the two largest cities of the Central Savannah River Area.

Founded in 1835, Aiken was named after William Aiken, the president of the South Carolina Railroad. It became part of Aiken County when the county was formed in 1871. In the late 19th century, Aiken gained fame as a wintering spot for wealthy people from the Northeast. Thomas Hitchcock, Sr. and William C. Whitney established the Aiken Winter Colony. Over the years Aiken became a winter home for many notable people, including George H. Bostwick, James B. Eustis, Madeleine Astor, William Kissam Vanderbilt, Eugene Grace, president of Bethlehem Steel, Allan Pinkerton, and W. Averell Harriman.

Aiken is home to the University of South Carolina Aiken.
Minuscule 651
Minuscule 651 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 1187 (von Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript has complex contents.
Scrivener labelled it by 874e.

Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener
Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener (29 September 1813 – 30 October 1891) was an English writer and scholar. Additionally, he was a New Testament textual critic and a member of the English New Testament Revision Committee which produced the Revised Version of the Bible. He was prebendary of Exeter, and vicar of Hendon.
Edward Marvin
Edward William Marvin (7 July 1878 – 24 March 1918) was an English-born South African first-class cricketer and South African Army soldier.

Marvin was born at Leicester in July 1878. He later emigrated to Transvaal Colony, where he played two first-class cricket matches for Gauteng in the 1908-09 Currie Cup against Border and Western Province. He scored 47 runs in these matches, with a highest score of 29. Marvin served in the First World War as a private in the South African Infantry, which formed part of the South African Overseas Expeditionary Force on the Western Front. On 21 March 1918, the Germans launched a new offensive, Operation Michael, during which Marvin was killed in action at Maricourt Wood on 24 March.

Gauteng cricket team
Gauteng (formerly Transvaal) is the first-class cricket team of the southern parts of Gauteng province of South Africa. The team was called Transvaal from April 1890 to April 1997 (the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria being part of the Northerns, formerly Northern Transvaal). Under the main competition's various names – the Currie Cup, then the Castle Cup, now the SuperSport Series – Transvaal/Gauteng cricket team has been the most successful of the South African domestic sides, winning 25 times. The club's most glorious period was the 1980s when they were dubbed the "Mean Machine".

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Gauteng merged with North West (formerly Western Transvaal) to form the Highveld Lions or, more simply, "the Lions" (from October 2004 to 2021).
Tennet language
Tennet is a Surmic language spoken by the Tennet people in South Sudan. The Tennet home area is a group of fifteen (15) villages at the northern part of Eastern Equatoria state, 65 kilometers northeast of Torit.

Tennet people
The Tennet people (referred to as "Tennet" in early language studies [1]) are South Sudanese. Their language is sometimes referred to as Ngaarit. Tennet traditional dances are divided into the following categories: Lalu, Nyaliliya, Loduk, and so on

The majority of the Tennets are reported to be bilingual. They speak the languages of the neighbouring communities. They are bordered by Lopit to the east and west, Pari to the northwest, Greater Pibor and Bor to the north, and Toposa and Laarim to the northeast. They have, nevertheless, maintained a strong ethnic identity and resisted absorption by neighbouring communities by conserving their culture and language. They are still using Tennet.
Barre Montpelier Times Argus
The Barre Montpelier Times Argus is a daily newspaper serving the capital region of Vermont. The circulation area includes Washington, Orange, Lamoille, Addison, Caledonia, and parts of Chittenden, Franklin, Orleans and Windsor counties.

Orange County, Vermont
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,277. Its shire town (county seat) is the town of Chelsea. Orange County was chartered on August 11, 1781.
Laëtitia Le Corguillé
Laëtitia Le Corguillé (born 29 July 1986 in Saint-Brieuc) is a French BMX racer and Olympic athlete who won the silver medal in BMX at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.

She began to cycle BMX bikes in 1991, following the example of her older brother Emeric Le Corguillé. In 2005, Le Courguillé joined the division of France BMX located in Aix-en-Provence to participate in an intensive training programme in advance of the 2008 Olympic Games. At the 2008 Games, the first time for BMX to be an Olympic sport, she took the silver medal behind her compatriot Anne-Caroline Chausson and ahead of British woman Shanaze Reade. At the 2012 Olympic Games, she finished fourth in the final.

Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, often known as simply Aix, is a city and commune in southern France, about 30 km (20 mi) north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 148,000. Its inhabitants are called Aixois or, less commonly, Aquisextains.
Harding Schoolhouse
The Harding Schoolhouse, in Corson County, South Dakota near Trail City, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

It is a wood-frame schoolhouse built in 1931, a late date for such a structure.

It is located about 5 miles (8.0 km) west and 5.5 miles (8.9 km) north of Trail City.

Trail City, South Dakota
Trail City is an unincorporated community straddling Dewey County, South Dakota and Corson County, South Dakota, United States. Although not tracked by the Census Bureau, Trail City has been assigned the ZIP code of 57657.

The community was originally named Cheyenne Junction upon establishment in 1911, a reference to its location at the junction of two branches of the railroad. Due to confusion in the mails with two other South Dakota post offices (Cheyenne Agency and Cheyenne Falls), alternate town names were considered. Among the candidate town names were Rodero, Prairie, and Trail City; the latter chosen in 1912 because of the many indigenous trails that crossed in the vicinity.

The community was named for a cattle drive trail near the original town site according to some secondary sources.
Nadka Karadjova
Nadka Karadzhova (Bulgarian: Надка Караджова; 1937 – 2011) was one of Bulgaria's most noted folk singers and the first to become internationally known. She was born in Tri Voditzi in the region of Pazardzhik in 1937 into a family of singers. Her most noted hit was Zablelyalo mi aguntze (A Lambkin has commenced bleating) which in 1979 became a UK hit.
On receiving news of her death Tsetska Tsacheva, the President of the Bulgarian National Assembly, wrote a condolatory address:

The talent of Nadka Karadzhova to create beauty with her voice was unparalleled. She not only won the major national awards, but also many prestigious international ones. With her memorable performances she uncovered to the world the immense beauty of the Bulgarian folklore.

Tsetska Tsacheva
Tsetska Tsacheva Dangovska (Bulgarian: Цецка Цачева Данговска; born 24 May 1958) is a Bulgarian politician and jurist. A member of centre-right conservative GERB political party, Dangovska has served as the Minister of Justice from 4 May 2017 to 5 April 2019. She had previously held the position of Chairwoman of the National Assembly of Bulgaria on two occasions. She was the first woman to ever chair the National Assembly since its establishment in 1878.
Root system
In mathematics, a root system is a configuration of vectors in a Euclidean space satisfying certain geometrical properties. The concept is fundamental in the theory of Lie groups and Lie algebras, especially the classification and representation theory of semisimple Lie algebras. Since Lie groups (and some analogues such as algebraic groups) and Lie algebras have become important in many parts of mathematics during the twentieth century, the apparently special nature of root systems belies the number of areas in which they are applied.  Further, the classification scheme for root systems, by Dynkin diagrams, occurs in parts of mathematics with no overt connection to Lie theory (such as singularity theory).  Finally, root systems are important for their own sake, as in spectral graph theory.

Spectral graph theory
In mathematics, spectral graph theory is the study of the properties of a graph in relationship to the characteristic polynomial, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors of matrices associated with the graph, such as its adjacency matrix or Laplacian matrix.

The adjacency matrix of a simple undirected graph is a real symmetric matrix and is therefore orthogonally diagonalizable; its eigenvalues are real algebraic integers.

While the adjacency matrix depends on the vertex labeling, its spectrum is a graph invariant, although not a complete one.

Spectral graph theory is also concerned with graph parameters that are defined via multiplicities of eigenvalues of matrices associated to the graph, such as the Colin de Verdière number.
Mark Thomson (physicist)
Mark Andrew Thomson (born 28 April 1966) is a British particle physicist. He is a Professor of Experimental Particle Physics at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. From January 2018 to December 2024, he was the Executive Chair of the Science and Technology Facilities Council, one of the nine councils of UK Research and Innovation. Thomson was a delegate of the United Kingdom to the CERN Council, the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) and European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS). Thomson was appointed director-general of CERN on 1 January 2026.

Cavendish Laboratory
The Cavendish Laboratory is the Department of Physics at the University of Cambridge, and is part of the School of Physical Sciences. The laboratory was opened in 1874 on the New Museums Site as a laboratory for experimental physics and is named after the British chemist and physicist Henry Cavendish. The laboratory has had a huge influence on research in the disciplines of physics and biology.

The laboratory moved to a new site in West Cambridge in 1974.  In 2025 it moved again to the Ray Dolby Centre, still in West Cambridge.

As of 2019, 30 Cavendish researchers have won Nobel Prizes. Notable discoveries to have occurred at the Cavendish Laboratory include the discovery of the electron, neutron, and structure of DNA.