hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Penelope (1867)
HMS Penelope was a central-battery ironclad built for the Royal Navy in the late 1860s and was rated as an armoured corvette. She was designed for inshore work with a shallow draught, and this severely compromised her performance under sail. Completed in 1868, the ship spent the next year with the Channel Fleet before she was assigned to the First Reserve Squadron in 1869 and became the coast guard ship for Harwich until 1887. Penelope was mobilised as tensions with Russia rose during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 and participated in the Bombardment of Alexandria during the Anglo-Egyptian War of 1882. The ship became a receiving ship in South Africa in 1888 and then a prison hulk in 1897. She was sold for scrap in 1912.

Prison ship
A prison ship, is a current or former seagoing vessel that has been modified to become a place of substantive detention for convicts, prisoners of war or civilian internees. Some prison ships were hulked. While many nations have deployed prison ships over time, the practice was most widespread in 18th- and 19th-century Britain, as the government sought to address the issues of overcrowded civilian jails on land and an influx of enemy detainees from the War of Jenkins' Ear, the Seven Years' War and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
Nevada State Department of Taxation
The Nevada State Department of Taxation is a Nevada government state agency that mainly focuses on the collection and distribution of taxes in Nevada. Aside from its taxation-related duties, the agency also manages and regulates marijuana business licensing and property appraisals. The agency is headquartered in Carson City, and also operates offices in Reno, Las Vegas, and Henderson.

Henderson, Nevada
Henderson is a city in Clark County, Nevada, United States, about 16 miles (26 km) southeast of  Las Vegas. It is the 2nd most populous city in Nevada, after Las Vegas, with 317,610 residents as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the Las Vegas Valley.

Henderson is notable for its extensive system of outdoor recreation facilities, including over 220 miles (350 km) of trails and 72 parks.

Incorporated in 1953, Henderson was originally known for its role in magnesium production during World War II. Since then, it has grown rapidly through the development of master planned communities starting with the large Green Valley neighborhood, redevelopment and reinvestment after the PEPCON disaster, and the city government's historically proactive planning and management.
Schacontia medalba
Schacontia medalba is a moth of the family Crambidae described by William Schaus in 1904. It is found in Brazil and Peru.

The length of the forewings is 6.5–10 mm. The basal area of the forewings is primarily grey brown. The terminal area of the hindwings is lightly shaded.

William Schaus
William Schaus (January 11, 1858, in New York City – June 20, 1942) was an American entomologist who became known for his major contribution to the knowledge and description of new species of the Neotropical Lepidoptera.
Joines
Joines is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Allen Joines (born 1947), American politician

Jennifer Joines (born 1982), American volleyball player

Kimberly Joines (born 1981), Canadian alpine skier

Vernon Joines, American football player

Gilbert Joines, (born 1964), American politician

Jennifer Tamas
Jennifer Claire Tamas (née Joines; born November 23, 1982) is an American indoor volleyball player. Tamas made her first Olympic appearance at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, and helped Team USA to a silver medal.
Eva Stevany Rataba
Eva Stevany Rataba (born 3 September 1982) is an Indonesian politician who has been a member of the House of Representatives (DPR) since 2019. Additionally, she is the 2019–2022 Head of the North Toraja Regency, Indonesian Early Childhood Education and Education Association (Himpaudi).

House of Representatives (Indonesia)
6°12′37″S 106°48′00″E﻿ / ﻿6.21028°S 106.80000°E﻿ / -6.21028; 106.80000
The House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˌdewan pərwaˌkilan ˈraʔjat re'publik indo'nesija], lit. 'People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia', abbr. DPR-RI or simply DPR, Indonesian: [deˈpeɛr]), is one of two elected chambers of the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), the national legislature of Indonesia. It is considered the lower house, while the Regional Representative Council (DPD) serves as the upper house; while the Indonesian constitution does not explicitly mention the divide, the DPR enjoys more power, privilege, and prestige compared to the DPD.

Members of the DPR are elected through a general election every five years. Currently, there are 580 members; an increase compared to 575 prior to the 2024 elections. Its members are called Members of Parliament (anggota dewan).
Sixteenth Amendment
Sixteenth Amendment can refer to:

Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution of India, also known as the Anti-Secession Amendment, 1963 amendment enabling the government to restrict certain freedoms, followed the Sino-Indian War of 1962

Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland

Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan

Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution of South Africa

Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan
The Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan (Urdu: آئین پاکستان میں سولہویں ترمیم) was passed by the National Assembly on July 27, 1999, by the Senate on June 3, 1998 and promulgated on August 5, 1998.

In order to encourage representation of minorities and people from disadvantaged areas in services of Pakistan, the Constitution of Pakistan in Article 27 has imposed a 10 year quota for services, which in 1985 was increased to 20 years, in the sixteenth amendment this limit was increased to 40 years.
Vasko (given name)
Vasko is a masculine given name. It is a diminutive of Vasil or Vasilije, South Slavic versions of Basil.

Notable people with the name include:

Vasko Atanasov

Vasko Boev

Vasko Božinovski

Vasko Dimitrovski

Vasko Eftov

Vasko Gjurchinovski

Vasko Kalezić

Vasko Lipovac

Vasko Mladenov

Vasko Naumovski

Vasko Popa

Vasko Ševaljević

Vasko Simoniti

Vasko Vasilev

Vasko Popa
Vasile "Vasko" Popa (Serbian Cyrillic: Васко Попа; 29 June 1922 – 5 January 1991) was a Yugoslav and Serbian poet of ethnic-Romanian heritage. He is regarded as one of 20th-century Yugoslavia's and Serbia's most important poets, and his work has been widely translated.
Deaths in March 2024
The following is a list of notable deaths in March 2024.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Rowing at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1960 Summer Olympics took place at Lake Albano, Italy. It was held from 31 August to 3 September. There were 21 boats (105 competitors) from 21 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the competition. The event was won by the United Team of Germany in its debut in the event (the rowers were from West Germany; Germany had previously won four times). Silver went to the French crew, the nation's first medal in the event since 1936. The defending champions Italy received bronze this time. In an event which saw constant turnover even from consistently strong nations, three members of the Italian team returned from the 1956 gold-medal crew to earn a second medal this Games: Romano Sgheiz, Ivo Stefanoni, and Franco Trincavelli were only the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th men to earn multiple medals in the coxed four.
Archdiocese of Perth
The Metropolitan Archdiocese of Perth is a Latin Church metropolitan archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Australia covering the Greater Perth, Goldfields-Esperance, Peel and Wheatbelt regions of Western Australia.

St Mary's Cathedral located in Perth, Western Australia, is the seat of the Catholic Metropolitan Archbishop of Perth, currently Timothy Costelloe, appointed in February 2012.

Goldfields–Esperance
31°S 123°E﻿ / ﻿31°S 123°E﻿ / -31; 123

The Goldfields–Esperance region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It is located in the south-eastern corner of Western Australia, and comprises the local government areas of Coolgardie, Dundas, Esperance, Kalgoorlie–Boulder, Laverton, Leonora, Menzies, Ngaanyatjarraku, Ravensthorpe and Wiluna.

It also incorporates the area along the Great Australian Bight to the South Australian border known as the Nullarbor Plain.
NCAA Season 95
NCAA Season 95 was the 2019–20 collegiate athletic year of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) of the Philippines. It was hosted by Arellano University. No overall championship title was awarded for this season due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines.

National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)
The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA; /ˌɛnsiː.eɪˈeɪ/ EN-see-AY-AY) is an athletic association of ten  private colleges and universities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Established in 1924, it is the oldest collegiate athletic association in the country. It is not affiliated with the NCAA of the United States, as such it is also referred to as NCAA Philippines to differentiate the two associations.
Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Puerto Rico competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics which was held in Beijing, People's Republic of China from August 8 to August 24, 2008. The American territory with a population of four million people qualified 22 athletes in eight different sports. The appearance of the Puerto Rican delegation at the Beijing Olympics marked the commonwealth's sixteenth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics, and its twenty-second appearance at any Olympic Games, since its debut at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, England.  Of its competitors participating in events that involve progression by heats, six athletes advanced at least one round in their events, and two advanced at least two rounds, with Asunción Ocasio almost medaling bronze in taekwondo. However, there were no Puerto Rican medalists at the Beijing Olympics. McWilliams Arroyo, a boxer, bore Puerto Rico's flag at the ceremonies.

Welterweight
Welterweight is a weight class in combat sports. Originally the term welterweight was used only in boxing, but other combat sports like muay Thai, taekwondo, and mixed martial arts also use it for their own weight division system to classify the opponents. If used, welterweight is typically between lightweight and middleweight.
Leaman (surname)
Leaman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Clifford Leaman, American classical saxophonist; professor of Saxophone at the University of South Carolina

David Leaman, Tasmanian author, structural geologist, geo-hydrologist and geophysicist

Graham Leaman (1920–1985), featured in five Doctor Who serials

Jack Leaman (1932–2004), head coach of the University of Massachusetts men's basketball team from 1966

Louisa Leaman (born 1976), writer and behaviour expert based in London, UK

Nate Leaman (born 1972), American ice hockey coach

Oliver Leaman, Professor of Philosophy and Zantker; professor of Judaic Studies

Richard Leaman (born 1956), British charity executive and former senior Royal Navy officer

Richard Leaman
Rear Admiral Richard Derek Leaman, CB, OBE (born 27 July 1956) is a British charity executive and former senior Royal Navy officer. Since 2021, he has been Diocesan Secretary and CEO of the Diocese of Bristol. He was previously CEO of The Guide Dogs for the Blind Association (2010 to 2016) and CEO of the Tall Ships Youth Trust (2017 to 2020).
Zopyrus (physician)
Zopyrus (Greek: Ζώπυρος; 1st-century BCE) was a surgeon at Alexandria, and the tutor of Apollonius of Citium and Posidonius. He invented an antidote, which he recommended to Mithridates VI of Pontus, and wrote a letter to that king, begging to be allowed to test its efficacy on a criminal. Another somewhat similar composition he prepared for one of the Ptolemies. Some of his medical formulae are quoted and mentioned by various ancient authors, viz. Caelius Aurelianus, Oribasius, Aetius, Paul of Aegina, Marcellus Empiricus, and Nicolaus Myrepsus. Pliny and Dioscorides mention that a certain plant was called zopyron, perhaps after his name. Nicarchus satirizes a physician named Zopyrus in one of his epigrams. Not to be confused with Zopyron.

Paul of Aegina
Paul of Aegina or Paulus Aegineta (Greek: Παῦλος Αἰγινήτης; Aegina, c. 625 – c. 690) was a 7th-century Byzantine Greek physician best known for writing the medical encyclopedia Medical Compendium in Seven Books. He is considered the “Father of Early Medical Writing”. For many years in the Byzantine Empire, his work contained the sum of all available medical knowledge and was unrivaled in its accuracy and completeness.
1910 Minnesota gubernatorial election
The 1910 Minnesota gubernatorial election took place on November 8, 1910. Republican incumbent Adolph Olson Eberhart defeated Democratic challenger James Gray. Eberhart was not running for a second term, but to be elected in his own right. He took office after his predecessor, John Albert Johnson, died in office.

This was the last gubernatorial election in Minnesota in which the conventions were closed, and primaries were held privately among party delegates.

John Albert Johnson
John Albert Johnson (July 28, 1861 – September 21, 1909) was an American politician. He served in the Minnesota State Senate from January 1897 to January 1901. He was the 16th governor of Minnesota from January 4, 1905, until his death on September 21, 1909 as a member of the Democratic Party.

Johnson was the first Minnesota governor born in Minnesota. He was only the second non-Republican governor in 45 years and the third since statehood. He was also first to serve a full term in the present state capitol, and the first to die in office. Johnson sought the 1908 Democratic presidential nomination but lost to William Jennings Bryan.
Bellamy Reservoir
Bellamy Reservoir is a 333-acre (135 ha) impoundment located in Strafford County in eastern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Madbury. An eastern arm of the lake extends a short distance into Dover. The reservoir serves as the primary water supply for the city of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Its outlet is the Bellamy River, a tributary of Great Bay, a tidal estuary connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the Piscataqua River. The dam was built in 1960 to supply water to Portsmouth and the Pease Air Force base.

The reservoir is classified as a warmwater fishery, with observed species including largemouth bass, chain pickerel, horned pout, and black crappie.

Chain pickerel
The chain pickerel (Esox niger) is a species of freshwater fish in the pike family (family Esocidae) of order Esociformes. The chain pickerel and the American pickerel (E. americanus) belong to the Esox genus of pike.
Timothy Seip
Timothy D. "Tim" Seip (born May 25, 1969) is a former member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 125th legislative district. He was elected in 2006.

Seip graduated from Mansfield University with a degree in Criminal Justice Administration and Marywood University, with a master's in Social Work. Prior to elective office, he worked as a social worker at various locations.

On November 2, 2010, Seip was defeated for re-election by Republican Mike Tobash.

Seip has been an instructor in the Social Work Department at Kutztown University of Pennsylvania since 2011. He also serves as the Director of Field Education for the BSW program.

2010 Pennsylvania House of Representatives election
The 2010 elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives were held on November 2, 2010, with all districts being contested. Necessary primary elections were held on May 18, 2010. The term of office for those elected in 2010 will run from January 4, 2011, until November 30, 2012. State Representatives are elected for two-year terms, with the entire House of Representatives up for election every two years.
29th New Zealand Parliament
The 29th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. It opened in 1950, following the 1949 general election. It was dissolved in 1951 in preparation for the 1951 general election.  The governing Labour Party had been defeated in the election by the National Party. This marked the end of the First Labour government and the beginning of the First National government.

Additionally, this Parliament saw the final meeting of the Upper House; the Legislative Council, which was abolished on 1 December 1950, making the New Zealand Parliament a unicameral legislative body.

1951 New Zealand general election
The 1951 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament's 30th term. The First National Government was re-elected, with the National Party increasing its parliamentary majority over the opposition Labour Party. This was the last time until the 2020 election that a party was elected to majority government of New Zealand by receiving a majority of the vote.
Pierre Dupuis
Pierre Dupuis or Pierre Dupuys (3 March 1610 in Montfort-l'Amaury – 18 February 1682 in Paris) was a French painter. Dupuis was successful during his life and in 1646 he was appointed Peintre Ordinaire des Ecuries du Roi by his patron Henri de Lorraine, comte d'Harcourt, with the consent of Anne of Austria. In 1664 he was accepted into the Académie Royale de Peinture.

He lived in Italy, where he met Pierre Mignard (1612–1695) in 1637. He was a specialist of still lifes and his style was influenced by Northern Europe painting and Protestant religion. In his paintings of bouquets, an influence of Jacques Linard (1600–1645) and Louise Moillon (1610–1696). These paintings were very appreciated in his times.

Still life with apricot and plum branches

Title unknown; still life, melons and plums

Louise Moillon
Louise Moillon (c. 1610–1696) was a French still life painter in the Baroque era. It is recorded that she became known as one of the best still life painters of her time, as her work was purchased by King Charles I of England, as well as French nobility. Moillon's works show the influence of Flemish painting in their trompe l'oeil effects but are characteristically French in their elegance. Moillon created about 40 paintings during her lifetime which are held in museums and private collections.
Richmond International High School and College
Richmond International High School and College (RIHSC) was a private school in Richmond, British Columbia, founded in 1991. It was Japanese-owned, and catered primarily to foreign students. Canadian students attending majored in education. Fewer than 10 were accepted into the major per year. The school closed in 2005; a sister school in Tokyo remains in operation.

International student
International students or exchange students, also known as foreign students, are students who undertake all or part of their secondary or tertiary education in a country other than their own.

In 2022, there were over 6.9 million international students, up from 5.12 million in 2016. The most popular destinations were in the Anglosphere. Three countries in particular received 39% of international students: the United States (with 1,126,690 international students), Canada (842,760 students), and the United Kingdom (758,855 students).
Phillip Shoul
Phillip Shoul is an Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party politician, who was appointed to the Senate of Antigua and Barbuda for the government on 26 March 2018. He was elected as Deputy President of the Senate on 5 March 2025.

Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party
The Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party (ABLP) is a political party in Antigua and Barbuda. The current leader of the party is Gaston Browne, who serves as the Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. The party had previously been led by Lester Bird, who was chairman of the party since 1971, and was Prime Minister and political leader in 1994.
Frank Woon-A-Tai
Frank Woon-A-Tai (born May 22, 1950) is a Guyanese chief instructor of the International Karate Daigaku, President of the Caribbean Karate College, Chief instructor and Chairman of the Guyana Karate College, and Chairman of IKD Canada and IKD Guyana. He is a tenth-degree black belt in Shotokan Karate.

Japanese studies
Japanese studies or Japan studies (Japanese: 日本学, Hepburn: Nihongaku), sometimes known as Japanology in Europe, is a sub-field of area studies or East Asian studies involved in social sciences and humanities research on Japan. It incorporates fields such as the study of Japanese language, history, culture, literature, philosophy, art, music, cinema, and science.

The historical roots of Western Japanese studies may be traced back to the Dutch traders based at Dejima, Nagasaki during the Edo period (1603–1867). The foundation of the Asiatic Society of Japan at Yokohama in 1872 by Western scholars such as Ernest Satow and Frederick Victor Dickins was an important event in the development of Japanese studies as an academic discipline.
Louis Quinze (ship model)
Louis Quinze is a 1/36 scale model of a ship of the line of the French Navy, currently on display at the Musée national de la Marine. No actual ship of the French Navy bore the name or was built to these specifications.

Scale model
A scale model is a physical model that is geometrically similar to an object (known as the prototype). Scale models are generally smaller than large prototypes such as vehicles, buildings, or people; but may be larger than small prototypes such as anatomical structures or subatomic particles. Models built to the same scale as the prototype are called mockups.

Scale models are used as tools in engineering design and testing, promotion and sales, filmmaking special effects, military strategy, and hobbies such as rail transport modeling, wargaming and racing; and as toys. Model building is also pursued as a hobby for the sake of artisanship.

Scale models are constructed of plastic, wood, or metal. They are usually painted with enamel, lacquer, or acrylics.
Model prototypes include all types of vehicles (railroad trains, cars, trucks, military vehicles, aircraft, and spacecraft), buildings, people, and science fiction themes (spaceships and robots).
Kinnefjellet
Kinnefjellet is a mountain in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has peaks with heights of 601 and 544 m.a.s.l. and is located at the southern side of Venernbreen. The mountain is named after the hill of Kinnekulle in the Swedish province of Västergötland.

Oscar II Land
Oscar II Land is the land area between Isfjorden and Kongsfjorden on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. The 30 km (19 mi) long glacier Sveabreen divides Oscar II Land from James I Land.

The area is named after Oscar II of Sweden. Older name variants are Oscar II's Land and Terre Oscar II.

The Hofgaardtoppen mountain is the highest peak in Oscar II Land.