hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1954 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships
The 1954 Cyclo-cross World Championship was the fitfh edition of the UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships.

It was held on February 28th at the Moraine hill in Gallarate, Italy. A course of just over three kilometers had to be lapped eight times, bringing the total distance of this edition to 24,370 kilometers. Thirty-eight riders from eight countries started, 31 of whom finished. Defending champion Roger Rondeaux broke his frame on the seventh lap while leading the race and was forced to abandon. Belgian Firmin Van Kerrebroeck, who was participating for the fifth time this year, also had to leave the field after a crash.

Just as in 1952, two Frenchmen and a Swiss took the podium. After finishing second, second, and third in 1951, 1952, and 1953, André Dufraisse became the third Frenchman to win the cyclocross world title.

Moraine
A moraine is any accumulation of unconsolidated debris (regolith and rock), sometimes referred to as glacial till, that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions, and that has been previously carried along by a glacier or ice sheet. It may consist of partly rounded particles ranging in size from boulders (in which case it is often referred to as boulder clay) down to gravel and sand, in a groundmass of finely divided clayey material sometimes called glacial flour. Lateral moraines are those formed at the side of the ice flow, and terminal moraines are those formed at the foot, marking the maximum advance of the glacier. Other types of moraine include ground moraines (till-covered areas forming sheets on flat or irregular topography) and medial moraines (moraines formed where two glaciers meet).
Valkenburg
Valkenburg means falcon castle in Dutch and can refer to:

Valkenburg aan de Geul, a town and municipality in the province of Limburg
Valkenburg Castle, ruined castle near Valkenburg aan de Geul

Valkenburg, South Holland, a village in the municipality of Katwijk in the province of South Holland

Valkenburg Naval Air Base, a former Royal Netherlands Navy air base

Valkenburg (surname), a Dutch surname

Valkenburg aan de Geul
Valkenburg aan de Geul (Dutch: [ˈvɑlkə(m)bʏr(ə)x aːn də ˈɣøːl] ⓘ; Limburgish: Valkeberg [ˈvɑl˦əkəˌbæʀ˦əx] ⓘ) is a municipality situated in the southeastern Dutch province of Limburg. The name refers to the central town in the municipality, Valkenburg, and the small river Geul passing through it.
Matang Highway
The Matang Highway is a 2-lane, dual-carriage expressway located in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, on the island of Borneo. Construction commenced in July 2002 and was targeted for completion by December 2008. The construction cost about 201,000,000 Ringgit. As of 2010, the highway provides a direct route from Kuching to Lundu.

Malaysian ringgit
The Malaysian ringgit ((/ˈrɪŋɡɪt/, Malaysian: [ˈriŋget]); plural: ringgit; symbol: RM; currency code: MYR; Malay name: Ringgit Malaysia; formerly the Malaysian dollar) is the currency of Malaysia. Issued by the Central Bank of Malaysia, it is divided into 100 cents (Malay: sen).
James Spens (British Army officer)
Major-General James Spens CB CMG (30 March 1853 — 19 August 1934) was a British Army officer and an English first-class cricketer. Spens began playing cricket whilst at school, and after joining the Army played at first-class level for Hampshire and the Marylebone Cricket Club in the 1880s and 1890s. He served with distinction during the Second Boer War and later commanded a military district in British India and a Territorial division in the United Kingdom. He retired shortly before the outbreak of the First World War, but returned to service to command the 12th (Eastern) Division, then a training depot and a military district in Egypt.

King's Shropshire Light Infantry
The King's Shropshire Light Infantry (KSLI) was a light infantry regiment of the British Army, formed in the Childers Reforms of 1881, but with antecedents dating back to 1755. It served in the Second Boer War, World War I, World War II and Korean War. In 1968, the four regiments of the Light Infantry Brigade (the KSLI, Somerset and Cornwall Light Infantry, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry and Durham Light Infantry) amalgamated to form The Light Infantry, with the 1st KSLI being redesignated as the 3rd Battalion of the new regiment.
Josh Cellars
Josh Cellars is an American winery that primarily produces California wine. It was launched in 2007 by American vintner Joseph Carr and named as a tribute to his father, Josh. As of 2023, it was the best-selling premium table wine brand in the United States, and the most popular brand of wine in the country that costs more than $10 per bottle.

Winery
A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the cultivation and production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, bottling lines, laboratories, and large expanses of tanks known as tank farms. Wineries may have existed as long as 8,000 years ago.
Orcia
The Orcia is a river in southern Tuscany, Italy, and a major tributary of the Ombrone River. It originates on Poggio Gello on Monte Cetona, in the municipality of Radicofani, and flows from east to west through the Val d'Orcia, a cultural landscape recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The river traverses the municipalities of Radicofani, Sarteano, Pienza, San Quirico d'Orcia, Castiglione d'Orcia, and Montalcino in the province of Siena, as well as Castel del Piano and Cinigiano in the province of Grosseto, before joining the Ombrone near Monte Antico.

Castiglione d'Orcia
Castiglione d'Orcia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region of Tuscany, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) southeast of Florence and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southeast of Siena, in the Val d'Orcia, not far from the Via Cassia.

Castiglione d'Orcia borders the following municipalities: Abbadia San Salvatore, Castel del Piano, Montalcino, Pienza, Radicofani, San Quirico d'Orcia, Seggiano and with a little characteristic town of few inhabitants, located on a rock, called “Campiglia d’Orcia”.
Michael Goff
Michael Goff is a publisher, executive and entrepreneur who founded Out magazine and was its first editor in chief and President.  The child of diplomats, Goff himself was rejected by the State Department for being gay.

He later was general manager of Microsoft MSN when it was first taken to the internet.  More recently he was Dan Gillmor's partner in citizen journalism company publishing Bayosphere and is involved with many media and tech companies and blogs, including Towleroad.com.

Dan Gillmor
Dan Gillmor is an American technology writer and columnist. He was director of News Co/Lab, an initiative to elevate news literacy and awareness, at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication. Dan Gillmor is also in the board of directors of The Signals Network, a non-profit organization supporting whistleblowers.
Benjamin Melendez
Benjamin "Yellow Benjy" Melendez (August 3, 1952 – May 28, 2017) was best known for brokering the gang truce in the Bronx and Harlem (New York City) in 1971. At that time, he was President of the Ghetto Brothers, a mainly ethnically Puerto Rican South Bronx gang, and lead vocalist of a musical group also known as the Ghetto Brothers.

Melendez was heavily involved in the rise of Puerto Rican nationalist consciousness among Nuyorican youth, having forged connections with the Puerto Rican Socialist Party. Melendez's family, including Melendez himself, were Conversos (Sephardic crypto-Jews), practicing their religion in secret even in the 1970s while being part of a Hispanic community.

Melendez was a subject in the 2015 documentary, Rubble Kings, which depicts events leading up to and following the Hoe Avenue peace meeting.

Melendez died May 28, 2017, at the age of 64.

Rubble Kings
Rubble Kings is a 2015 documentary film directed by Shan Nicholson that depicts gang violence in The Bronx in the 1970s, specifically the events leading up to and following the Hoe Avenue peace meeting.

The film premiered at the DOC NYC film festival in New York City on November 16, 2014.

One of the film's producers, actor Jim Carrey, stated the following during a Q&A session after the film's premiere:

The first time I saw the footage, I was completely blown away by this incredible thing that had happened, that no one knows about. A great movement towards peace, about really courageous people overcoming seemingly impossible odds and rising to love. Although I didn't grow up in that situation, I can understand that idea, and I think it's important that we all reach outside our own realms of experience and try to understand what people are going through and the things they have to overcome. It was really something I wanted to get involved with and support in any way I can.
Nicholas Woodroffe
Sir Nicholas Woodroffe  (Woodruff, Woodrofe, etc.) (1530–1598) was a London merchant of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers, who, through the English Reformation, rose in the Alderman class to become a Master Haberdasher, Lord Mayor of London and Member of Parliament for London. Through the complexities of his family's relationships, and the position and security which they afforded, he lived to establish his family among the armigerous houses of late Elizabethan Surrey.

Nicholas Gaynesford
Nicholas Gainsford, also written Gaynesford or Gaynesforde, (about 1427–1498) of Carshalton, Surrey, of an armigerous gentry family established at Crowhurst, was a Justice of the Peace, several times Member of Parliament and High Sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, Constable and Keeper of Odiham Castle and Park, Hampshire, who served in the royal households from around 1461 until his death in 1498. Rising to high office during the reign of Henry VI, he was an Usher to the Chamber of Edward IV and, by 1476, to his queen Elizabeth Woodville. Closely within the sphere of Woodville patronage, he was a favourer of Edward V, and was a leader in the Kentish rising of 1483 against Richard III. He was attainted in 1483, but was soon afterwards pardoned, and fully regained his position and estate as Esquire to Henry VII and Elizabeth of York after the Battle of Bosworth Field. He established the Carshalton branch of the Gainsford family.
Edmund McCorquodale
Edmund George McCorquodale (23 July 1881 – 24 May 1904) was an English first-class cricketer.

The son of George Frederick McCorquodale and his wife, Mary Augusta Walcott Henderson, he was born at Weybridge in July 1881. He was educated at Harrow School, before going up to Trinity College, Cambridge. While studying at Cambridge, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for Cambridge University in 1901, against Worcestershire and Surrey. After injuring himself in the Surrey match, he featured in no further first-class matches for Cambridge. In addition to playing first-class cricket, he also played minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire in 1899, making two appearances in the Minor Counties Championship. He died from appendicitis in May 1904 at Tulcan Lodge in Advie, Morayshire.

Advie
Advie (Scottish Gaelic: Àbhaidh) is a small village in Strathspey, in the Highland Council Area of Scotland. It lies to the south of the River Spey, and next to the A95 road, roughly halfway between Grantown-on-Spey and Aberlour.
Tampukancha
Tampukancha (Quechua, tampu inn, kancha enclosure, enclosed place, yard, a frame, or wall that encloses, Hispanicized Tambocancha, also Tambokancha) is an ancient Incan religious center located in Peru. It is located in the Cusco Region, Anta Province, Zurite District, about 30 miles from Cusco, the historic capital of the Inca Empire.

Tambo (Inca structure)
A tambo (Quechua: tampu, "inn") was an Inca structure built for administrative and military purposes.  Found along the extensive roads, tambos typically contained supplies, served as lodging for itinerant state personnel, and were depositories of quipu-based accounting records. Individuals from nearby communities within the Inca empire were conscripted to maintain and serve in the tambos, as part of the mit'a labor system. Tambos were spaced along Inca roads, generally about one day's travel apart.
Ray Wert
Ray Wert is an American journalist who was formerly head of content sales at Gawker Media and the editor-in-chief of the Gawker-owned automotive weblog Jalopnik.

Washington Examiner reported that Wert interned for AIPAC. Wert was previously a senior staffer for Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm and a campaign staffer for presidential candidate John Kerry. Wert has written for The New York Times, Popular Mechanics and Cat Fancy, and is a regular contributor to various CNBC shows such as On the Money.  Wert splits his time between New York City and metro Detroit.

Wert provided on-screen commentary for the 2011 film Revenge of the Electric Car.

Wert is married to Michigan State Senator Mallory McMorrow. Their wedding was held in June 2017 in the Eastern Market district of Detroit. They have a daughter named Noa who was born in January 2021. They live in Royal Oak, Michigan. Wert is Jewish and McMorrow is Catholic.

Royal Oak, Michigan
Royal Oak is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring suburb of Detroit, Royal Oak is located roughly 10 miles (16.1 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 58,211.

Royal Oak is located along the Woodward Corridor, and is served by Interstate 75 and Interstate 696. The city has one of the largest downtowns in Detroit's suburbs, and is also home to much of the Detroit Zoo, with portions extending into neighboring Huntington Woods. Royal Oak describes itself as the "city of trees".
Truth (Jeff Beck album)
Truth is the debut studio album by English guitarist Jeff Beck, released on 29 July 1968 in the United States on Epic Records and on 4 October 1968 in the United Kingdom on Columbia Records. It introduced the talents of his backing band the Jeff Beck Group, specifically vocalist Rod Stewart and bassist/guitarist Ronnie Wood, to a larger audience, and peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Top LPs chart. In retrospect, Truth has been widely hailed as classic of its era and one of the earliest examples of heavy metal music.

John Paul Jones (musician)
John Paul Jones (born John Richard Baldwin; 3 January 1946) is an English musician and record producer who was the bassist and keyboardist for the rock band Led Zeppelin.  He was a session musician and arranger when he formed the band with Jimmy Page in 1968. Jones developed a solo career after drummer John Bonham died and Led Zeppelin disbanded in 1980. He has collaborated with musicians in a variety of genres, including the supergroup Them Crooked Vultures with Dave Grohl, Josh Homme, and Alain Johannes. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 as a member of Led Zeppelin.
Park Young-dae
Park Young-Dae (born June 9, 1964) is a male South Korean former handball player who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics and in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

In 1984 he was a member of the South Korean team which finished eleventh in the Olympic tournament. He played all six matches and scored one goal.

Four years later he won the silver medal with the South Korean team in the 1988 Olympic tournament. He played all six matches and scored one goal again.

Handball at the 1984 Summer Olympics
Handball at the 1984 Summer Olympics featured competition for men and women. Due to the USSR-led boycott some strong handball nations from Eastern Bloc did not compete; this gave an opportunity to the Yugoslav team to take both gold medals.  Games were played at Titan Gym in Fullerton, California, and the finals were at the Forum, later the Kia Forum, in Inglewood, California.
Inglis baronets
There have been three creations of baronetcies with the surname Inglis: two in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia (one initially for surname Mackenzie, both extant as of 2023 (but one vacant); and one in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom that is extinct.

Inglis Baronets of Cramond (1687)

Inglis Baronets of Gairloch (1703)

Inglis Baronets of Milton Bryan (1801)

Inglis Baronets of Gairloch (1703)
The Inglis (initially Mackenzie) Baronetcy, of Gairloch, Ross-shire, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia for Kenneth Mackenzie, on 22 February 1703. It is now known as Inglis of Glencorse, and the baronetage is listed as vacant.
Terrence Kaufman
Terrence Kaufman (June 12, 1937 – March 3, 2022) was an American linguist who specialized in lexicography, Mesoamerican historical linguistics, the documentation of unwritten languages, and language contact phenomena. He served as professor emeritus of linguistics and anthropology at the University of Pittsburgh.

Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also known as diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of how languages change over time. It seeks to understand the nature and causes of linguistic change and to trace the evolution of languages. Historical linguistics involves several key areas of study, including the reconstruction of ancestral languages, the classification of languages into families, (comparative linguistics) and the analysis of the cultural and social influences on language development.

This field is grounded in the uniformitarian principle, which posits that the processes of language change observed today were also at work in the past, unless there is clear evidence to suggest otherwise. Historical linguists aim to describe and explain changes in individual languages, explore the history of speech communities, and study the origins and meanings of words (etymology).
RAF Stornoway
Royal Air Force Station Stornoway, more commonly known as RAF Stornoway is a former Royal Air Force station and aerodrome near the burgh of Stornoway, on the Isle of Lewis, in the Western Isles of Scotland, operating from 1940 to 1945, and subsequently from 1982 to 1998.  Its motto was 'Lead and Guide'.

Burgh
A burgh (/ˈbʌrə/ BURR-ə) is an autonomous municipal corporation in Scotland, usually a city, town, or toun in Scots. This type of administrative division existed from the 12th century, when King David I created the first royal burghs. Burgh status was broadly analogous to borough status, found in the rest of the United Kingdom. Following local government reorganisation in 1975, the title of "royal burgh" remains in use in many towns, but now has little more than ceremonial value.
Voluntary return
Voluntary return or voluntary repatriation is the return of a migrant  such as undocumented immigrants, rejected asylum seekers, refugees, unaccompanied minors, as well as second-generation immigrants who, of their own free-will, make the decision to return to their country of origin or homeland when they are unable or unwilling to remain in their host country, for a variety of possible reasons, from conflicting cultural values to deteriorating conditions.

Cultural conflict
Cultural conflict is a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash. Broad and narrow definitions exist for the concept, both of which have been used to explain violence (including war) and crime, on either a micro or macro scale.
Whiteside Mountain
Whiteside Mountain or  Sanigilâ'gĭ  in Cherokee is a mountain in Jackson County, North Carolina between Cashiers, Highlands, North Carolina, and the Georgia border. Whiteside Mountain has the highest cliffs in Eastern North America. It also has a feature called Devil's Courthouse (distinct from the Devil's Courthouse 20 miles away in Transylvania County, NC).

Since the 1980s, the forest service has tried to restrict access to the Courthouse and has allowed the foot trail to it to grow over because of dangers such as strong winds. They also did not want accidents from paragliding and similar activities taking place from the mountain top or from the Courthouse. There is also an overhang, a small platform less than 7 feet in diameter, connected to Whiteside as if it were a cantilever. Similar overhangs can be found on the Appalachian Trail.

Transylvania County, North Carolina
Transylvania County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census the population is 32,986. Its county seat is Brevard.

Transylvania County comprises the Brevard, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Asheville-Waynesville-Brevard, NC Combined Statistical Area.
Emil Draitser
Emil Draitser (born 1937) is an author and professor of Russian at Hunter College in New York City. Besides seventeen books of artistic and scholarly prose, his essays and short stories have been published in the Los Angeles Times, Partisan Review, Kenyon Review, San Francisco Chronicle, World Literature Today, and many other American and Canadian periodicals. His fiction has also appeared in Russian, Polish, and Israeli journals. A three-time recipient of the New Jersey State Council on the Arts fellowships in writing and the prestigious Mark Aldanov International Literary Award, he has also received numerous grants for writing both fiction and non-fiction from the City University of New York. Draitser has given numerous public lectures and book talks at universities and cultural centers in the United States, Canada, the UK, Israel, Australia, New Zealand, and Russia.

New Jersey State Council on the Arts
The New Jersey State Council on the Arts was founded in 1966 to support artistic activities in the state of New Jersey.  It is funded by the New Jersey State Legislature and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA).
Hypermail
Hypermail is a free program for creating email archives, in the form of cross-referenced HTML documents. It takes a file in Unix mbox format and generates an HTML archive, complete with an index and various sorting options. It is commonly used for creating mailing list archives, but it can archive any collection of emails. Originally written in 1994 by Tom Gruber using Common Lisp, it was rewritten in C by Kevin Hughes for its initial public release in 1994.

The mbox format is used by several email clients on various platforms, including most Unix and Linux ones. Popular examples of email clients that use the mbox format (and as such are compatible with Hypermail) include Kmail, pine and Mozilla Thunderbird.

Hypermail is operated at the command line. It was originally intended for use in Unix-like platforms such as Linux. However, it is also possible to use the program in Microsoft Windows by compiling it with MinGW, or by using the Cygwin library.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.