hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Courtney E. Martin
Courtney E. Martin  (born December 31, 1979) is an American feminist, author, speaker, and social and political activist. She is known for writing books, speaking at universities throughout the nation, and for co-editing the feminist blog, Feministing.com. Her work also appears on numerous other blogs and websites. She is also a recipient of the Elie Wiesel Prize in Ethics. She is known for promoting feminism by integrating storytelling and solutions into her writings and talks.  According to Parker Palmer, she is “one of our most insightful culture critics and one of our finest young writers.”  In 2013 she helped found the Solutions Journalism Network with journalists David Bornstein and Tina Rosenberg.

David Bornstein (author)
David Bornstein is a journalist and author who specializes in writing about social innovation, using a style called solutions journalism. He has written three books on social entrepreneurship. He writes for the Fixes blog for The New York Times website, and is one of the co-founders of the Solutions Journalism Network.
Lamentation over the Dead Christ (Botticelli, Milan)
The Lamentation over the Dead Christ with Saints is a painting of the Lamentation of Christ by the Italian Renaissance artist Sandro Botticelli, dated between 1490 and 1495. The painting was originally kept in Santa Maria Maggiore, Florence. It is now in the Museo Poldi Pezzoli of Milan. The painting is one of two versions of The Lamentation by Botticelli. The other, circa 1492, is now in the Alte Pinakothek in Munich.

Alte Pinakothek
The Alte Pinakothek (German: [ˈʔaltə pinakoˈteːk] ⓘ, Old Pinakothek)  is an art museum located in the Kunstareal area in Munich, Germany. It is one of the oldest galleries in the world and houses a significant  collection of Old Master paintings. The name Alte (Old) Pinakothek refers to the time period covered by the collection—from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century. The Neue Pinakothek, re-built in 1981, covers nineteenth-century art, and Pinakothek der Moderne, opened in 2002, exhibits modern art. All three galleries are part of the Bavarian State Painting Collections, an organization of the Free state of Bavaria.
University of Pennsylvania Campus Historic District
The University of Pennsylvania Campus Historic District is a historic district on the campus of the University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The university relocated from Center City to West Philadelphia in the 1870s, and its oldest buildings date from that period. The Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 28, 1978. Selected properties have been recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey, as indicated in the table below.

In 1978, the Historic District comprised 28 contributing properties over 117 acres (0.47 km2). One of them, the Lea Laboratory of Hygiene ("Smith Labs"), was demolished in 1995.

Three contributing properties within the Historic District — College Hall, Furness Library, and Richards Medical Research Laboratories — are separately listed on the NRHP. St. Anthony Hall House is adjacent to the Historic District, and was listed on the NRHP in 2005.

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Kathleen Marshall (solicitor)
Kathleen Anne Marshall (born 4 June 1953) is a British solicitor and legal scholar, specialising in child law. From 1989 to 1994, she was director of the Scottish Child Law Centre. From 2004 to 2009, she was Scotland's Commissioner for Children and Young People. She has been involved in a number of inquiries into child abuse: she chaired the Edinburgh Inquiry into Abuse and Protection of Children in Care (report produced in 1999) and she chaired the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Exploitation in Northern Ireland (report produced in 2014).

Inquiry
An inquiry (also spelled as enquiry in British English) is any process that has the aim of augmenting knowledge, resolving doubt, or solving a problem. A theory of inquiry is an account of the various types of inquiry and a treatment of the ways that each type of inquiry achieves its aim.
John M. Miller III
John Matthew Miller III (1896 – c. 1980's) was an American naval aviator, air mail pilot, transport pilot, autogiro pilot, flight instructor, aircraft manufacturer, airport operator, agricultural pilot, and helicopter test pilot.  He worked for the United States Navy, the US Aerial Mail Service, Pitcairn Aircraft Company, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture.   In 1927 Miller founded the Miller Aviation Corporation of New Brunswick, New Jersey which operated until 1929.

Pitcairn Aircraft Company
The Pitcairn Aircraft Company was an American aircraft manufacturer of light utility aircraft. An early proponent of the autogyro, the company, later known as the Autogiro Company of America among other names, remained in business until 1948.
Delaram Kahrobaei
Delaram Kahrobaei is an Iranian-American mathematician and computer scientist. She is a full professor at Queens College, City University of New York (CUNY), with appointments in the Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics. Her research focuses on post-quantum cryptography, and the applied algebra.

Iranian Americans
Iranian-Americans, also known as Persian Americans, are United States citizens or nationals who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship. According to the National Organization for Civil Registration, an organization of the Ministry of Interior of Iran, the United States has the greatest number of Iranians outside the country.

Most Iranian-Americans arrived in the United States after 1979 in the wake  of the Iranian Revolution and the fall of the Iranian monarchy. Over 40% of them settled in California, specifically Los Angeles, where they formed distinct ethnic enclaves, such as the Angelino community of "Tehrangeles" in Westwood, Los Angeles.

Research by the Iranian Studies Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2004 estimated the number of Iranian-Americans at 691,000, about half of whom live in  California.
Greg Galant
Greg Galant is an American programmer, founder, and entrepreneur. In 2008, he co-founded the Shorty Awards, and in 2009, he co-founded Muck Rack, a public relations management platform that indexes and fosters networking with journalists. He has been named as an influential entrepreneur by several organizations like PRWeek, PRovoke Media, and Entrepreneur of the Year.

Muck Rack
Muck Rack is an American software company that develops an AI-powered, cloud-based public relations management (PRM) platform. Founded in 2009 by Greg Galant and Lee Semel, the company began as a free online directory for journalists to create portfolios and track engagement of their work. The company's name references the term "muckraker", used for reform-minded journalists during the Progressive Era.

Muck Rack later evolved into an integrated software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform used for media relations, monitoring, analytics, and press release distribution. The company expanded its AI initiatives through strategic leadership hires and acquisitions.
Cyanagraea
Cyanagraea praedator is a species of crab that lives on hydrothermal vents, and the only species in the genus Cyanagraea.

It is found at depths of 2,535–2,630 m (8,317–8,629 ft) on the East Pacific Rise, where it lives "in the upper part of black smoker chimneys". Its haemocyanin has a strong affinity for oxygen, and displays a significant Bohr effect, which is unaffected by lactic acid.

Cyanagraea praedator is "by far the largest" species in the family Bythograeidae, growing to a maximum carapace size of 123.0 mm × 74.8 mm (4.84 in × 2.94 in).

The leech Bathybdella sawyeri has been observed attached to C. praedator.

Bohr effect
The Bohr effect is a phenomenon first described in 1904 by the Danish physiologist Christian Bohr. Hemoglobin's oxygen binding affinity (see oxygen–haemoglobin dissociation curve) is inversely related both to acidity and to the concentration of carbon dioxide. That is, the Bohr effect refers to the shift in the oxygen dissociation curve caused by changes in the concentration of carbon dioxide or the pH of the environment. Since carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid, an increase in CO2 results in a decrease in blood pH, resulting in hemoglobin proteins releasing their load of oxygen. Conversely, a decrease in carbon dioxide provokes an increase in pH, which results in hemoglobin picking up more oxygen.
Ousman Jallow
Ousman Jallow (born 21 October 1988 in Banjul) is a Gambian footballer who plays as a striker, most recently for Cypriot club Yenicami Ağdelen. He is featured on the Gambian national team in the official 2010 FIFA World Cup video game.

2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa (video game)
2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa is the official video game for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, published by EA Sports and available to play on iOS and all major seventh-generation platforms except the Nintendo DS. Announced in January 2010 during an interview with one of the producers of the game, it was released April 27, 2010 in North America. 199 of the 204 teams that took part in the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification are included in the game.
Else Blangsted
Else Blangsted (née Siegel; 22 May 1920 – 1 May 2020) was a German-born Jewish American Holocaust survivor and cinematic music editor.

Her most notable films she participated in were Getting Straight (1970), The Front (1976), Meatballs (1979), Tootsie (1982), The Goonies (1985), The Color Purple (1985), Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (1986), The Fabulous Baker Boys (1989),  and The Bonfire of the Vanities (1990).

Blangsted was awarded a Golden Reel Award for career achievement.

The Bonfire of the Vanities (film)
The Bonfire of the Vanities is a 1990 American satirical black comedy film directed and produced by Brian De Palma, and starring Tom Hanks, Bruce Willis, Melanie Griffith, Kim Cattrall and Morgan Freeman. The screenplay, written by Michael Cristofer, was adapted from the bestselling 1987 novel of the same name by Tom Wolfe.

The film was panned by critics and underperformed at the box office, grossing just $15.6 million against its $47 million budget. The controversies surrounding the film were detailed in the 1991 book The Devil's Candy: The Bonfire of the Vanities Goes to Hollywood, by Julie Salamon.
The Change (song)
"The Change" is a song written by Tony Arata and Wayne Tester, and recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released in March 1996 as the fourth single from the album Fresh Horses.  The song reached number 19 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Fresh Horses (album)
Fresh Horses is the sixth studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on November 21, 1995. Fresh Horses peaked at number two on the Billboard 200 chart, and number one on the Top Country Albums chart.

The album had a worldwide radio ban until it was available to buy. Only the two singles issued ("She's Every Woman" and "The Fever") were allowed to be played before this date, the latter of which was a new country-rock version of a 1993 Aerosmith song. In 2020 it was certified 8× Platinum by the RIAA, signifying 8 million copies shipped in the US, making it his only non-Christmas pre-Chris Gaines studio album to not be certified diamond or higher.
Joachim Hall
Joachim Hall (6 July 1940 – 28 February 1991) was a German football player and coach. Hall played nine seasons for SC Dynamo Berlin and BFC Dynamo between 1963 and 1972. After ending his playing career, Hall joined the management team of BFC Dynamo. In 1980, he became assistant coach. As assistant coach of BFC Dynamo, Hall shaped an era in East German football, together with first team coach Jürgen Bogs.

Dynamo Dresden
Sportgemeinschaft Dynamo Dresden e.V., commonly known as SG Dynamo Dresden or Dynamo Dresden, is a German association football club based in Dresden, Saxony. They were founded on 12 April 1953 as a club affiliated with the East German police and became one of the most popular and successful clubs in East German football, winning eight league titles. The club is known for its dedicated fan culture of Dynamo Ultras, and elaborate choreographs.

After the reunification of Germany, Dynamo played four seasons in the top division, Bundesliga, from 1991 to 1995, but have since drifted between the second and fourth tiers. The club competes in the 2. Bundesliga, the second division of German Football following promotion in the 2024–25 season.

The club's traditional kit colours are gold and black, derived from the official city flag and the coat of arms of the city of Dresden.
Clones of Clones
Clones of Clones is an American indie rock band from Washington, D.C. composed of members Ben Payes, Todd Evans, Nick Scialli, and Brian Abbott.  On their debut EP, the band worked with producer Justin Long (U.S. Royalty).  They have played shows alongside bands such as Sam Roberts Band, The Trews, SomeKindaWonderful, and Saintseneca.

The Trews
The Trews are a Canadian rock band from Antigonish, Nova Scotia, consisting of vocalist Colin MacDonald, guitarist John-Angus MacDonald, bassist Jack Syperek, and drummer Theo Mckibbon. The band is currently based in Hamilton, Ontario. From their formation in 1997 to 2016, The Trews were among the top 150 best-selling Canadian artists in Canada and among the top 40 best-selling Canadian bands in Canada.
Eugène Jansson
Eugène Fredrik Jansson (18 March 1862, Stockholm – 15 June 1915, Nacka) was a Swedish painter known for his night-time land- and cityscapes dominated by shades of blue. Towards the end of his life, from about 1904, he mainly painted male nudes. The earlier of these phases has caused him to sometimes be referred to as blåmålaren, "the blue-painter".

Queer commentators have described Jansson as Sweden's first gay artist, a reputation based primarily on his male nudes.

Cityscape
In the visual arts, a cityscape (urban landscape) is an artistic representation, such as a painting, drawing, print or photograph, of the physical aspects of a city or urban area. It is the urban equivalent of a landscape. Townscape is roughly synonymous with cityscape, though it implies the same difference in urban size and density (and even modernity) implicit in the difference between the words city and town.  In urban design the terms refer to the configuration of built forms and interstitial space.
Democratic Confederation of Nepalese Trade Unions
Democratic Confederation of Nepalese Trade Unions  (DECONT) was a central trade union organization in Nepal. DECONT is politically tied to the Nepali Congress (Democratic). The president of DECONT was Rajendra Bahadur Raut.

DECONT was formed after a split from the Nepal Trade Union Congress, the trade union wing of the Nepali Congress. DECONT was constituted on May 1, 1997. The DECONT-NTUC split predated the NC(D)-NC split. Thus the Sher Bahadur Deuba fraction inside NC had a separate trade union wing, before they had actually constituted a separate party.

In May 2005, DECONT joined the World Confederation of Labour (now the International Trade Union Confederation).

During the spring of 2006 DECONT took part in the protests against the regime of King Gyanendra.

On March 2, 2008, it merged with Nepal Trade Union Congress, forming the Nepal Trade Union Congress-Independent.

World Confederation of Labour
The World Confederation of Labour (WCL) was an international labour organization founded in 1920 and based in Europe. Fascist governments of the 1930s repressed the federation and imprisoned many of its leaders, limiting operations until the end of World War II. In 2006 it became part of the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), ending its existence as an independent organization.
Hassiacosuchus
Hassiacosuchus is an extinct genus of small alligatorid from the early Eocene of Germany, found at the Messel pit.  It was named in 1935 by K. Weitzel, and the type species is H. haupti. A second species, H. kayi, was named in 1941 by C.C. Mook for material from the Bridgerian (early Eocene) of Wyoming, but was reassigned to Procaimanoidea in 1967 by Wassersug and Hecht, who also argued that Hassiacosuchus is synonymous with Allognathosuchus. Phylogenetic analyses exclude H. haupti from Allognathosuchus.

The cladogram below from the 2020 Cossette & Brochu study shows the placement of Hassiacosuchus within Alligatoridae:

Bridgerian North American Stage
The Bridgerian North American Stage on the geologic timescale is the North American  faunal stage according to the North American Land Mammal Ages chronology (NALMA), typically set from 50,300,000 to 46,200,000 years BP lasting 4.1 million years.

It is usually considered to overlap the Ypresian and Lutetian within the Eocene epoch.

The Bridgerian is preceded by the Wasatchian and followed by the Uintan NALMA stages.
L'actualité
L'actualité is a Canadian French-language news and general interest magazine published in Montreal by Rogers Communications until 2016, then by Mishmash (XPND Capital). The magazine has over a million readers, according to Canada's Print Measurement Bureau, from its circulation which is mainly subscribers. Eighty-six percent of its readership are Québécois.

News magazine
A news magazine is a typed, printed, and published magazine, radio, or television program, usually published weekly, consisting of articles about current events. News magazines generally discuss stories in greater depth than newspapers or newscasts do, and aim to give the consumer an understanding of the important events beyond the basic facts.
Starfield: Shattered Space
Starfield: Shattered Space is the first major expansion pack for the action role-playing video game Starfield, developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks. The expansion was announced during the Starfield Direct event on June 11, 2023.

Shattered Space was released on September 30, 2024, for Windows and Xbox Series X/S to mixed critical reviews and negative user reception.

Bethesda Softworks
Bethesda Softworks LLC is an American video game publisher based in Rockville, Maryland. The company was founded by Christopher Weaver in 1986 as a division of Media Technology Limited. In 1999, it became a subsidiary of ZeniMax Media. In its first 15 years, it was a video game developer and self-published its titles. In 2001, Bethesda spun off its in-house development team into Bethesda Game Studios, leaving Bethesda Softworks to focus on publishing operations.

In March 2021, Microsoft acquired Bethesda's parent company ZeniMax Media, maintaining that the company will continue to operate as a separate business. Part of the Microsoft Gaming division, Bethesda Softworks retains its function as the publisher of games developed by the different studios under ZeniMax Media.
The Rockford Files season 6
The sixth and final season of The Rockford Files aired Fridays at 9:00-10:00 pm on NBC from September 28 to December 14, 1979. The final episode aired Thursday, January 10, 1980. Garner returned to the character in eight television movies broadcast by CBS from 1994 to 1999.

The Rockford Files
The Rockford Files is an American detective drama television series starring James Garner, aired on NBC from September 13, 1974, to January 10, 1980. Garner portrays Los Angeles private investigator Jim Rockford, with Noah Beery Jr. in the supporting role of his father, Joseph "Rocky" Rockford, a retired truck driver. The show was created by Roy Huggins and Stephen J. Cannell.

Huggins had created the American Western TV show Maverick (1957–1962), in which Garner also starred, and he wanted to create a similar show in a modern-day detective setting. In 2002, The Rockford Files was ranked number 39 on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time.
Frans Alphons Maria Alting von Geusau
Frans Alphons Maria Alting von Geusau (born 26 June 1933 in Bilthoven) is a Dutch legal scholar and diplomat.

He has a law degree from the University of Leiden and attended the College of Europe 1958-1959. He earned a doctorate in 1962, and founded the Dutch program of youth volunteers (Jongeren Vrijwilligers Programma) the following year.

He was Professor of International Law at the University of Tilburg from 1965 to 1998. He has been a visiting professor at MIT, Harvard University, the University of Cambridge and the University of Michigan.

He was also an advisor on international law and diplomat for the Dutch government. He was Vice President of the European Cultural Foundation from 1984 to 1992, and has been active within Aid to the Church in Need.

European Cultural Foundation
The European Cultural Foundation (ECF) is a Netherlands-based independent cultural foundation.  Its mission is to “make a tangible impact on civil society, citizen initiatives, public opinion and policy proposals to combat the fragmenting forces jeopardising peace and social progress in Europe”.
Mstislav Rostislavich of Smolensk
Mstislav Rostislavich (c. 1143? – 1180), known as "the Brave" (Russian: Мстислав Ростиславич Храбрый, romanized: Mstislav Rostislavich Khrabry), was Prince of Smolensk (r. 1175–1177) and Prince of Novgorod (r. 1179–1180).

Izbornyk
Izbornyk (Ukrainian: Ізборник) is an internet-library project assembling old Ukrainian literature. It is also known as "History of Ukraine 9-18th centuries. Primary sources and interpretation". It has been online since the 21st of August 2001.

The project is a collection of major works on the history of Ruthenia, Cossack Hetmanate and Ukraine.

The project covers the following main subjects: Chronicles, Linguistics, History, Old Ukrainian Literature, Taras Shevchenko, Political Science, Literary Studies, Grammar and lexicons, Historical maps.
Pólya–Szegő inequality
In mathematical analysis, the Pólya–Szegő inequality (or Szegő inequality) states that the Sobolev energy of a function in a Sobolev space does not increase under symmetric decreasing rearrangement. The inequality is named after the mathematicians George Pólya and Gábor Szegő.

George Pólya
George Pólya (/ˈpoʊljə/; Hungarian: Pólya György [ˈpoːjɒ ˈɟørɟ]; December 13, 1887 – September 7, 1985) was a Hungarian-American mathematician. He was a professor of mathematics from 1914 to 1940 at ETH Zürich and from 1940 to 1953 at Stanford University. He made fundamental contributions to combinatorics, number theory, numerical analysis and probability theory. He is also noted for his work in heuristics and mathematics education. He has been described as one of The Martians, an informal category which included one of his most famous students at ETH Zurich, John von Neumann.
The Hounds Below
The Hounds Below are an American rock band from Ferndale, Michigan consisting of Jason Stollsteimer (lead vocals, guitar), Will Shattuck (drums), Adam Michael Lee Padden (bass, backing vocals), and Mathew Hofman (guitar). The band was formed in 2009, while Stollsteimer was still recording and touring with The Von Bondies. The Hounds Below released a self-titled EP in 2011 and released their debut album, You Light Me Up In The Dark, in 2012.

The band has shared the stage with Black Rebel Motorcycle Club, Ash, The Heavy, The Raveonettes, The Grates, The Horrors, The Black Angels, Company of Thieves, Airborne Toxic Event, The Cribs, The Like, Band of Skulls and The Whigs.

The Black Angels (band)
The Black Angels are an American psychedelic rock band from Austin, Texas.  Formed in May 2004, they took their name from the Velvet Underground's "The Black Angel's Death Song". They have released six studio albums and one compilation album.