hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Israeli system of government
The Israeli system of government is based on parliamentary democracy. The Prime Minister of Israel is the head of government and leader of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government (also known as the cabinet). Legislative power is vested in the Knesset. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The political system of the State of Israel and its main principles are set out in 11 Basic Laws.  Israel does not have a written constitution.

State Comptroller of Israel
The State Comptroller of Israel (Hebrew: מבקר המדינה Mevaker HaMedina, Arabic: مراقب الدولة, literally: Critic of State) inspects, reviews, and audits the policies and operations of the government of the State of Israel. The State Comptroller's Office is also the government's office for public complaints. It serves under the aegis of the Knesset and has authority to examine all agencies of government.
Paul Whitinui
Paul Whitinui is a Canadian-New Zealand academic of Māori of  Ngā Puhi, Te Aupōuri, Ngāti Kurī and European descent. In 2021, he was awarded The Order of Service to Indigenous Education from the World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium (WINHEC) for his work advancing "First People’s engagement in education, research and authoring publications to raise awareness of issues within the wider community and in areas pertinent to human rights, wellbeing and social justice as it pertains to Indigenous Nations." He is a professor in the School of Exercise Science, Physical Health and Education at the University of Victoria in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

Ngāpuhi
Ngāpuhi (also known as Ngāpuhi-Nui-Tonu or Ngā Puhi) is a Māori iwi associated with the Northland regions of New Zealand centred in the Hokianga, the Bay of Islands, and Whangārei.

According to the 2023 New Zealand census, the estimated population of Ngāpuhi is 184,470. This compares to 125,601 in 2001, 102,981 in 2006, 122,214  in 2013. and 165,201 in 2018. It is formed from 150 hapū or subtribes, with 55 marae.

Despite such diversity, the people of Ngāpuhi maintain their shared history and self-identity. Te Rūnanga ā Iwi o Ngāpuhi, based in Kaikohe, administers the iwi. The Rūnanga acts on behalf of the iwi in consultations with the New Zealand government. It also ensures the equitable distribution of benefits from the 1992 fisheries settlement with the government, and undertakes resource management and education initiatives.
Cavallazza
The Cavallazza is a mountain of Trentino, Italy, with an elevation of 2,324 metres (7,625 ft). Part of the Lagorai range, it lies within the borders of the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park.

During the First World War the mountain was on the frontline between Italy and Austria-Hungary; initially held by the Austro-Hungarians, it was seized by the Italians on 21 July 1916. Trenches and tunnels dug by the Alpini can be seen to this day.

The peak can be reached on foot from Passo Rolle or from San Martino di Castrozza.

San Martino di Castrozza
San Martino di Castrozza is a mountain resort in the Primiero valley in the Trentino province in Italy. The western part, with 428 inhabitants, is in the comune of Siror, with the eastern, housing 135 inhabitants, in Tonadico.
Ben Margolis
Ben Margolis (April 23, 1910 – January 27, 1999) was an American attorney, best known for defending the Hollywood Ten and the Sleepy Lagoon murder suspects and for helping to draft the United Nations Charter.

Attorney at law
Attorney at law or attorney-at-law, usually abbreviated in everyday speech to attorney, is the preferred term for a practising lawyer in certain jurisdictions, including South Africa (for certain lawyers), Sri Lanka, the Philippines, and the United States. The term has its roots in the verb to attorn, meaning to transfer one's rights and obligations to another.
Felipe Michelini
Felipe Michelini Delle Piane (January 24, 1961 - April 19, 2020 in Montevideo) was an Uruguayan lawyer, politician and diplomat, who served in the Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay for the Nuevo Espacio party from 1995 till 2015. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Trust Fund of the International Criminal Court from 2015 to 2020. He also served as vice-president on the Executive Board of UNESCO from 2005 to 2007.

Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay
The Chamber of Representatives (Spanish: Cámara de Representantes) is the lower house of the General Assembly of Uruguay (Asamblea General de Uruguay). The Chamber has 99 members, elected for a five-year term by proportional representation with at least two members per department.

The composition and powers of the Chamber of Representatives are established by Article Ninety of the Uruguayan Constitution. It also requires that members must be aged at least 25 and have been a citizen of Uruguay for five years. It is the competence of the Chamber of Representatives to accuse in the Senate members of both houses, the President and Vice President of the Republic, the Ministers of State, the members of the Supreme Court, the Administrative Litigation Court, the Court of Accounts and the Electoral Court, either for violating the Constitution or other serious crimes.
Great Laxey Mine Railway
The Great Laxey Mine Railway was originally constructed to serve the Isle of Man's Great Laxey Mine, a lead mine located in Laxey. The 19 in (483 mm) gauge railway runs from the old mine entrance to the washing floors along a right of way that passes through the Isle of Man's only remaining railway tunnel (another at Dhoon West Quarry is disused) under the 3 ft (914 mm) gauge Victorian Manx Electric Railway and the main A2 Douglas to Ramsey coast road.

Manx Electric Railway
The Manx Electric Railway (Manx: Raad Yiarn Lectragh Vannin) is an electric interurban tramway connecting Douglas, Laxey and Ramsey in the Isle of Man. It connects with the Douglas Bay Horse Tramway at its southern terminus at Derby Castle at the northern end of the promenade in Douglas, and with the Snaefell Mountain Railway at Laxey. Many visitors take an excursion on the trams. It is the oldest electric tram line in the world whose original rolling stock is still in service.
M. Suresh Kumar
Mani Suresh Kumar (19 April 1973 – 9 October 2020) was an Indian first-class cricketer who played for Kerala in the Ranji Trophy. He was born in Alleppey, Kerala, India. Kumar has also played for India U-19 under the captaincy of Rahul Dravid against New Zealand U-19 in 1992.

Mani was a left-hand batsman and slow left-arm orthodox bowler. He took a hat-trick in the 1995-96 Ranji Trophy playing for Kerala against Rajasthan.

M. Suresh Kumar committed suicide by hanging on 9 October 2020 in Alappuzha.

Hat-trick (cricket)
In cricket, a hat-trick occurs when a bowler takes three wickets from three consecutive deliveries. The deliveries may be interrupted by an over bowled by another bowler from the other end of the pitch or the other team's innings, but must be three consecutive deliveries by the individual bowler in the same match. Only wickets attributed to the bowler count towards a hat-trick; run outs do not count, although they can contribute towards a so-called team hat-trick, which is ostensibly a normal hat-trick except that the three successive deliveries can be wickets from any bowler in the team and with any mode of dismissal.

Hat-tricks are rare, and as such are treasured by bowlers.

The term is also sometimes used to mean winning the same competition three times in a row. For example, Australia winning the Cricket World Cup in 1999, 2003 and 2007, and Lancashire winning the County Championship in 1926, 1927 and 1928.
Pautujärvi
Pautujärvi (Northern Sami: Bávdejávri, Inari Sami: Pavdjävri, Skolt Sami: Paudjäu'rr) is a medium-sized lake in the Paatsjoki main catchment area. It is located in Kaldoaivi Wilderness Area in the region Lapland in Finland. Quite near is a bit larger lake Iijärvi, although it belongs to a different main catchment area, catchment of Näätämö River.

Northern Sámi
Northern Sámi (or North Sámi; US: /ˈsɑːmi/ SAH-mee, UK: also /ˈsæmi/ SAM-ee; Northern Sami: davvisámegiella [ˈtavːiːˌsaːmeˌkie̯lːa]; Finnish: pohjoissaame [ˈpohjoi̯sˌsɑːme]; Norwegian: nordsamisk; Swedish: nordsamiska; disapproved exonym Lappish or Lapp) is the most widely spoken of all Sámi languages. The area where Northern Sámi is spoken covers the northern parts of Norway, Sweden and Finland.
Prime STH
Prime, known in North America as Prime STH (S.T.H. for Stockholm), were a Swedish alternative rock quartet from Stockholm, Sweden. The band, which included vocalist Noa Modén, guitarist Martin Påhlsson, bassist Jesper Eksjoo, and drummer Kasper Lindgren, was formed while the members were teenagers. They have released two studio albums: Underneath the Surface (2001) and Beautiful Awakening (2004). Their most popular song "I'm Stupid (Don't Worry 'Bout Me)", a single from Underneath the Surface, was written by Max Martin and reached the top 30 of the Billboard Alternative Songs and Mainstream Rock charts.

Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.
28th Utah Territorial Legislature
The 28th Utah Territorial Legislature met in 1888. The regular election for the Territorial Council and the House of Representatives was held August 1, 1887. Earlier in the year, the Edmunds-Tucker Act had further overhauled elections in the territory, disenfranchising women voters (most of whom were Mormon) and requiring that men registering to vote take an oath that they would obey anti-bigamy laws (in particular, the earlier Edmunds Act of 1882). The territory was also reapportioned into new electoral districts.

Women's suffrage in Utah
Women's suffrage was first granted in Utah in 1870, in the pre-federal period, decades before statehood. Among all U.S. states, only Wyoming granted suffrage to women earlier than Utah. Because Utah held two elections before Wyoming, Utah women were the first women to cast ballots in the United States after the start of the suffrage movement. However, in 1887 the Edmunds–Tucker Act was passed by Congress in an effort to curtail Mormon influence in the territorial government, disallowing the enfranchisement of the women residents within Utah Territory. Women regained the vote upon Utah statehood in 1896, when lawmakers included the right in the state constitution.
Portrait of William Pitt (Hoppner)
Portrait of William Pitt is an oil on canvas portrait painting by the English artist John Hoppner, from 1804. It depicts the British politician William Pitt the Younger.  Pitt had first become Prime Minister in 1784. After a brief spell in opposition he returned to office in 1804. From 1792 Britain was at war during the French Revolutionary Wars and later Napoleonic conflict.

The original painting was commissioned by Lord Mulgrave, both an art collector and a colleague of Pitt who served as his Foreign Secretary. Multiple variations of the picture exist. A version produced by Hoppner's studio is today in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery, having been loaned by the Tate Gallery since 1954.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.
Tetraethylammonium iodide
Tetraethylammonium iodide is a quaternary ammonium compound with the chemical formula  C8H20N+I−. It has been used as the source of tetraethylammonium ions in pharmacological and physiological studies, but is also used in organic chemical synthesis.

Quaternary ammonium cation
In organic chemistry, quaternary ammonium cations, also known as quats, are positively-charged polyatomic ions of the structure [NR4]+, where R is an alkyl group, an aryl group or organyl group. Unlike the ammonium ion (NH+4) and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution. Quaternary ammonium salts or quaternary ammonium compounds (called quaternary amines in oilfield parlance) are salts of quaternary ammonium cations. Polyquats are a variety of engineered polymer forms which provide multiple quat molecules within a larger molecule.

Quats are used in consumer applications including as antimicrobials (such as detergents and disinfectants), fabric softeners, and hair conditioners. As an antimicrobial, they are able to inactivate enveloped viruses (such as SARS-CoV-2). Quats tend to be gentler on surfaces than bleach-based disinfectants, and are generally fabric-safe.
Juminkeko Foundation
The Juminkeko Foundation (Finnish: Juminkeko-säätiö), or simply Juminkeko, is a Finnish organization founded in 1991. It runs Juminkeko, an eponymous information centre of the national epic Kalevala and Karelian culture located in Kuhmo, Finland. The centre was designed by the Finnish architects Mikko Heikkinen and Markku Komonen and was completed in 1999.

Heikkinen – Komonen Architects
Heikkinen – Komonen Architects is a Finnish architectural firm established by Mikko Heikkinen and Markku Komonen in Helsinki in 1974. Their work is characterised as a fusion between minimalism, high-technology and Abstract expressionism, typified by their design for the Vuotalo Cultural Centre in Helsinki, or the Heureka Science Centre, in Vantaa with the juxtaposition of stark concrete elements against colourful high-tech metal structures and large glazed surfaces. They have also completed a number of small-scale humanitarian projects for Guinea, west Africa, based on local building traditions.
Luz Elena González Escobar
Luz Elena González Escobar (born June 1, 1974, in Villahermosa, Tabasco) is a Mexican economist and public servant. She has served as the Secretary of Energy since October 1, 2024, during the administration of President Claudia Sheinbaum.

Tabasco
Tabasco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco, is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa.

It is located in southeast Mexico and is bordered by the states of Campeche to the northeast, Veracruz to the west, and Chiapas to the south and the Petén department of Guatemala to the southeast. It has a coastline to the north with the Gulf of Mexico. Most of the state is covered in rainforest as, unlike most other areas of Mexico, it has plentiful rainfall year-round. The state is also home to La Venta, the major site of the Olmec civilization, considered to be the origin of later Mesoamerican cultures. It produces significant quantities of petroleum and natural gas.
Beaver and Erie Canal
The Beaver and Erie Canal, also known as the Erie Extension Canal, was part of the Pennsylvania Canal system and consisted of three sections: the Beaver Division, the Shenango Division, and the Conneaut Division. The canal ran 136 miles (219 km) north–south near the western edge of the state from the Ohio River to Lake Erie through Beaver County, Lawrence County, Mercer County, Crawford County, and Erie County, Pennsylvania.

The southern terminus of the canal was the confluence of the Beaver River with the Ohio River in Beaver County about 20 miles (32 km) downstream from Pittsburgh, and the northern terminus was the city of  Erie, in Erie County. The canal needed a total of 137 locks to overcome a change in elevation of 977 feet (298 m).

Crawford County, Pennsylvania
Crawford County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,938. Its county seat is Meadville. The county was created on March 12, 1800, from part of Allegheny County and named for Colonel William Crawford. The county is part of the Northwest region of the commonwealth.

Crawford County comprises the Meadville micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Erie-Meadville combined statistical area.
Mahaoya
Mahaoya (Sinhala: මහඔය, lit. 'Great River', Tamil: மகா ஓயா) is a town in the Ampara District, Eastern Province of Sri Lanka. It is located in 64 km (40 mi) north-west of Ampara, at the intersection of the Peradeniya-Badulla-Chenkalady Highway (A5) and the Manampitiya - Aralaganwila - Maduru Oya Road (B502).

Mahaoya has hot springs which are located about 2 km (1.2 mi) away from the town, the springs are considered the hottest springs in Sri Lanka.

A5 road (Sri Lanka)
The A 5 road is an A-Grade trunk road in Sri Lanka. It connects the Peradeniya

with Chenkalady via Badulla.

It is also known as "PBC Highway", a shortened term for Peradeniya-Badulla-Chenkalady.

The A 5 passes through Geli Oya, Gampola, Pussellawa, Nuwara Eliya, Keppetipola, Welimada, Hali-Ela, Badulla, Passara, Lunugala, Bibile, Padiyathalawa, Maha Oya, Thumpalancholai and Karadiyanaru to reach Chenkalady.
Eirenis medus
Eirenis medus is a species of nonvenomous dwarf snake from the family Colubridae. Its common names include Ashkhabad Dwarf Racer, Turkmen Dwarf Snake, and Striped Dwarf Snake. It is commonly found under rocks in semi-deserts and canyons throughout Iran and southern Turkmenistan at altitudes between 1100–1600 m (approx. 3609–5249 ft.) above sea level. It is insectivorous along with eating small lizards and other arthropods.

Colubridae
Colubridae (/kəˈluːbrɪdiː/, commonly known as colubrids /ˈkɒljʊbrɪdz/, from Latin: coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest fossil species of the family date back to the Late Eocene epoch, with earlier origins suspected. Colubrid snakes are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Buchanan County, Virginia
Buchanan County (/bə.kæn.ən/) is a United States county in far western Virginia, the only county in the state to border both West Virginia and Kentucky. The county is part of the Southwest Virginia region and lies in the rugged Appalachian Plateau portion of the Appalachian Mountains. Its county seat is Grundy. Buchanan County was established in 1858 from parts of Russell and Tazewell counties, and it was named in honor of then-President James Buchanan. Local pronunciation differs from that of the 15th president's surname; here the county is pronounced as 
"Búh-can-nin". In 1880, part of Buchanan County was taken to form Dickenson County.

As of the 2020 census, the county population was 20,355. Its population has decreased by double digits in each census over the last forty years. As of 2012, Buchanan was the fifth-poorest county in Virginia, when ranked by median household income; it has consistently been in the bottom 5% over the past decade.

Appalachian Plateau
The Appalachian Plateau is a series of rugged dissected plateaus located on the western side of the Appalachian Mountains. The Appalachian Mountains are a range that run from Nova Scotia in Canada to Alabama in the United States.

The Appalachian Plateau is the northwestern part of the Appalachian Highlands physiographic division of the United States, stretching from New York state to Alabama. The plateau is a second level United States physiographic region, covering parts of the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, and Georgia.
Lori Hope Lefkovitz
Lori Hope Lefkovitz (born May 6, 1956) is an American Jewish studies academic. She works at Northeastern University, where she serves as the Ruderman Professor of Jewish Studies and directs the Jewish Studies Program. She is the founding director of Kolot: The Center for Jewish Women and Gender Studies, the first such center at a rabbinical seminary.

Jewish studies
Jewish studies (Hebrew: מדעי היהדות, romanized: madʿê ha-yahadut, lit. 'sciences of Judaism'), or Judaic studies, is an academic discipline centered on the study of Jews and Judaism. Jewish studies is interdisciplinary and combines aspects of history (especially Jewish history), Middle Eastern studies, Asian studies, Oriental studies, religious studies, archeology, sociology, languages (Jewish languages), political science, area studies, women's studies, and ethnic studies. Jewish studies as a distinct field is mainly present at colleges and universities in North America.

Related fields include Holocaust research and Israel studies, and in Israel, Jewish thought. Bar-Ilan University has the world's largest school of Jewish studies, while Harvard University was the first American university, and perhaps the first in the world, to appoint a full-time scholar of Judaica to its faculty.
The Well-Spoken Thesaurus
The Well-Spoken Thesaurus by Tom Heehler (Sourcebooks 2011), is an American style guide and speaking aid. The Chicago Tribune calls The Well-Spoken Thesaurus "a celebration of the spoken word". The book has also been reviewed in the Winnipeg Free Press, and by bloggers at the Fayetteville Observer, and the Seattle Post-Intelligencer.

Winnipeg Free Press
The Free Press (or FP; founded as the Manitoba Free Press; previously known as the Winnipeg Free Press) is a daily (excluding Sunday) broadsheet newspaper in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It provides coverage of local, provincial, national, and international news, as well as current events in sports, business, and entertainment and various consumer-oriented features, such as homes and automobiles appear on a weekly basis.

The WFP was founded in 1872, only two years after Manitoba became part of Canada, in 1870. The WFP's founding predated Winnipeg's own incorporation, in 1873. The Winnipeg Free Press has since become the oldest newspaper in Western Canada that is still active.
Holy Family and Donors (Carpaccio)
Holy Family and Donors is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Vittore Carpaccio. It is now in the Museu Calouste Gulbenkian, in Lisbon, Portugal.

The work shows the Holy Family on the left, and two donors in rich clothes on the right, all adoring the Christ Child in the centre. In the background is a fanciful landscape with the Magi riding towards the main scene.

Calouste Gulbenkian Museum
Lisbon's Calouste Gulbenkian Museum houses one of the world's most important private art collections. It includes works from Ancient Egypt to the early 20th century, spanning the arts of the Islamic World, China and Japan, as well as French decorative arts. It also features the jewellery of René Lalique and works by some of the most important painters of all time, such as Rembrandt, Monet, Rubens, Manet, Renoir, Degas and Turner. The Museum was founded by Armenian Portugal-based oil magnate Calouste Gulbenkian. "The Gulbenkian Museum is closed for renovation until July 2026."