hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2008 Iowa Democratic presidential caucuses
The 2008 Iowa Democratic presidential caucus was held on January 3, and was the state caucuses of the Iowa Democratic Party. It was the first election for the Democrats of the 2008 presidential election. Also referred to as "the First in the Nation Caucus," it was the first election of the primary season on both the Democratic and Republican sides. Of the eight major Democratic presidential candidates, then-U.S. Senator Barack Obama of Illinois received the most votes and was ultimately declared the winner of the Iowa Democratic Caucus of 2008, making him the first African American to win the caucus and the first African American to win a primary state since Jesse Jackson in 1988. Former U.S. Senator John Edwards of North Carolina came in second place and then-U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton of New York finished third, though Clinton received more delegates than Edwards. Campaigning had begun as early as two years before the event.

1988 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From February 8 to June 14, 1988, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 1988 United States presidential election. Massachusetts governor Michael Dukakis was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1988 Democratic National Convention held from July 18 to July 21, 1988, in Atlanta, Georgia.
Gadarwara railway station
Gadarwara railway station is a 'B' Category railway station under West Central Railways serving Gadarwara town, in Narsinghpur district of Madhya Pradesh state of India. It is under Jabalpur railway division of West Central Railway Zone of Indian Railways.

Gadarwara is connected by Indian Railways, with the facility of daily running trains for New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bhopal, Indore, Ratlam, Jabalpur, Itarsi, Gwalior, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Goa, Coimbatore, Agartala, Chennai Atari, Amritsar, Kevadia, Saharsa, Gaya Junction, Erode, Jogbani and several other places in India. The nearest junction is Itarsi (117 km), and another nearby junction is Jabalpur (129 km).

The Jabalpur Airport is located at a distance of 140 km (87 mi).

Saharsa
Saharsa is a city and municipal corporation in the Saharsa District in the eastern part of the state of Bihar, India. It is situated near the eastern banks of the Kosi River. It serves as the administrative headquarters for the Saharsa District and is also the Divisional headquarters of the Kosi Division.

The regional language of the city is Maithili. Alongside Maithili, Hindi is widely understood and spoken.
Local tangent plane coordinates
Local tangent plane coordinates (LTP) are part of a spatial reference system based on the tangent plane defined by the local vertical direction and the Earth's axis of rotation.
They are also known as local ellipsoidal system, local geodetic coordinate system, local vertical, local horizontal coordinates (LVLH), or topocentric coordinates.
It consists of three coordinates: one represents the position along the northern axis, one along the local eastern axis, and one represents the vertical position.  
Two right-handed variants exist: east, north, up (ENU) coordinates and north, east, down (NED) coordinates.
They serve for representing state vectors that are commonly used in aviation and marine cybernetics.

Vertical and horizontal
In astronomy, geography and related sciences and contexts, an orientation or plane passing by a given point is said to be vertical if it contains the local gravity direction at that point.

Conversely, a orientation, plane or surface is said to be horizontal (or leveled) if it is everywhere perpendicular to the vertical orientation.

More generally, something that is vertical can be drawn from "up" to "down" (or down to up), such as the y-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system.
Alexis Martin (actor)
Alexis Martin (born June 9, 1964) is a Canadian actor and writer. A 1986 graduate of the Conservatoire d'art dramatique de Montréal, he has acted in film, television and stage productions, and has written both theatrical plays and film screenplays.

He was a Genie Award nominee for Best Supporting Actor at the 31st Genie Awards in 2010 for Route 132, and for Best Adapted Screenplay at the 20th Genie Awards in 1999 for Matroni et moi. His play Bureaux was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language drama at the 2004 Governor General's Awards.

He is the uncle of Béatrice Martin, a singer-songwriter known by the stage name Cœur de pirate.

20th Genie Awards
The 20th Genie Awards were held on January 30, 2000, by the Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television, to honour films released in 1999. The ceremony aired live on CBC Television, and a post-event highlights show aired on Radio Canada.

Eyebrows were raised when the nominations were dominated by 21 foreign artists; the academy had eliminated an old ruling that prevented foreign talent in minority Canadian co-productions from being eligible for Genie awards. With 152 nominees in total, there was no imbalance, but the fact that the foreign-artist nominations dominated the performance categories bothered many, and raised questions about whether or not the Genies were fulfilling their role of recognizing Canadian achievement and promoting Canadian talent.

This year's awards ceremony, which was hosted by actor Patrick McKenna, was dominated by István Szabó's Sunshine, Atom Egoyan's Felicia's Journey and Jeremy Podeswa's The Five Senses.
Lacs des Hôpitaux
Lacs des Hôpitaux is a pair of lakes at La Burbanche in the Ain department of France. With an area of 17  hectares, it is widely used for recreational fishing and belongs to a fishing association, Aappma Albarine, run by volunteers. The eastern part of the lake, associated with the marsh and the source of Furan, is classified a natural area of ecological interest, fauna and flora.

Furan (river)
Furan (also written as: Furens) is a 39.3 km long river in central France (Loire department), right tributary of the river Loire. It flows through the city Saint-Étienne and flows into the Loire in the small town Andrézieux-Bouthéon.

Towns along the river include:

Le Bessat

Tarentaise

Saint-Étienne

La Fouillouse

Andrézieux-Bouthéon
Villa Nova, Mauritania
The Diocese of Villanova (Latin: Dioecesis Villanovensis) is a suppressed  and titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

In antiquity the seat of the bishopric was in a Roman town of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis. That civitas has now been lost to history though it was undoubtedly in modern Algeria.

Christianity came late to the province of Mauritania Cesariense, and like most bishoprics from there, Villa Nova only comes into the historic records after the Council of Nicaea. The only known bishop of this diocese is Balente, who took part in the synod assembled in Carthage in 484 by the Arian King Huneric of the Vandal Kingdom, after which Balente was exiled, possibly to Sicily.

The diocese seems to have effectively continued till some time after the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb and today Villanova survives as a titular bishopric and the current bishop-owner is Mirosław Milewski, auxiliary bishop of Płock, who replaced Matteo Zuppi of Bologna in 2015.

Civitas
In Ancient Rome, a civitas (Latin pronunciation: [ˈkiːwɪtaːs]; plural civitates), sometimes translated as "city", was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by their laws, which gave them responsibilities (Latin: munera) on the one hand, and rights on the other. The agreement (concilium) has a life of its own, creating a res publica or "public entity" (synonymous with civitas), into which individuals are born or accepted, and from which they die or are ejected. The civitas is not just the collective body of all the citizens; it is the contract binding them all together, because each of them is a civis.
Cluxton
Cluxton is an Irish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Samuel Cluxton or Cluckston, Cluckstone (1696–1751), American member of the House of Representatives

Stephen Cluxton (born 1981), Irish Gaelic footballer

William Cluxton (1819–1901), Canadian businessman and political figure

William Cluxton
William Cluxton (March 31, 1819 – February 16, 1901) was a businessman and political figure in Ontario, Canada. He represented Peterborough West in the House of Commons of Canada from 1873 to 1874 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland, the son of George Cluxton, and came to Canada while still young. He married Mary Anne Payne. Cluxton served as reeve of Peterborough. He was manager of the Commercial Bank at Peterborough and later president of the Peterboro and Monaghan Gravel Road Company, the Little Lake Cemetery Company and the Midland Railway Company. Although Cluxton received fewer votes than John Bertram, he was declared elected because Bertram had not established his eligibility under the Elections Act.
Shankarchandra Union
Shankarchandra Union (Bengali: শংকরচন্দ্র ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Chuadanga Sadar Upazila, in Chuadanga District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 128.20 square kilometres (49.50 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 49,319. There are 22 villages and 18 mouzas in the union.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Hjo Municipality
Hjo Municipality (Swedish: Hjo kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Hjo.

The municipality was created in 1971, when the City of Hjo was amalgamated with a part of the rural municipality Värsås. In 1974 parts of Fröjered and Fågelås were added.

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Julian Monge Najera
Julián Monge-Nájera (born June 6, 1960) is a Costa Rican ecologist, scientific editor, educator and photographer. He has done research with the following institutions: Universidad de Costa Rica, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and Universidad Estatal a Distancia. His scientific work has been featured by The New York Times; National Geographic; the BBC; Wired; IFLoveScience; The Independent (London) and Reader's Digest, among others. He is a member of the expert panel that sets the environmental Doomsday Clock; Onychophora curator in the Encyclopedia of Life; and team member of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

Distance State University
The Distance State University (Universidad Estatal a Distancia) (UNED), is one of five public universities in the Republic of Costa Rica. It is in Mercedes, Montes de Oca. UNED is the second university in number of students, and it is the largest coverage in the country. It has its own publishing house that produces textbooks that cover most of the needs of the university, as essayistic works, research, etc. This institution was created in 1977. Its first president was Don Francisco Antonio Pacheco Fernandez.

The university has programs classified into four categories:

Science education (Bachelor of Special Education, Bachelor of Educational Administration)

Management sciences (Bachelor of Business Administration with emphasis on Banking and Finance)

Social sciences and humanities (Bachelor of Criminological Sciences)

Natural sciences (Agricultural Engineering; Bachelor of Protection and Natural Resource Management)

It also offers graduate programs for master's and doctorate.
Nepytia pellucidaria
Nepytia pellucidaria, commonly known as the false pine looper, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Alpheus Spring Packard in 1873. It is found in Canada (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec and Ontario) and in the northeastern parts of the United States, including Maryland.

The wingspan of this moth is approximately 34–39 mm.

The larva feeds on pitch pine, red pine and possibly other hard pines.

Pinus resinosa
Pinus resinosa, known as red pine (also Norway pine in Minnesota), is a pine native to Eastern North America, with a distributed from Pennsylvania and the Great Lakes region to Manitoba and Newfoundland. It is an adaptable species, and is a valuable forestry species in its native range. One of only two American members of subsection Pinus, the species is characterised by low genetic diversity.
Cowgill's law (Greek)
In Ancient Greek, Cowgill's law says that a former /o/ vowel becomes /u/ between a resonant (/r/, /l/, /m/, /n/) and a labial consonant (including labiovelars), in either order. It is named after the American Indo-Europeanist Warren Cowgill.

Examples:

Ancient Greek: νύξ 'night' < PIE *nokʷts (cf. Latin: nox, Vedic nák < *nakts, Gothic: nahts, gen. sg. Hittite: nekuz)

Ancient Greek: φύλλον 'leaf' < PIE *bʰolyom (cf. Latin: folium)

Ancient Greek: μύλη 'mill' < PIE *mol-eh₂- (cf. Latin: molīna)

Ancient Greek: ὄνυξ 'nail' (stem Proto-Greek: *ónukh-) < early PG *onokʷʰ- < PIE *h₃nogʷʰ- (cf. Old English: nægl < PGerm *nag-laz)

Note that when a labiovelar adjoins an /o/ affected by Cowgill's law, the new /u/ will cause the labiovelar to lose its labial component (as in Greek: núks and Greek: ónuks/ónukh-, where the usual Greek change *kʷ > *p has not occurred).

Sonorant
In phonetics and phonology, a sonorant or resonant is a speech sound that is produced with continuous, non-turbulent airflow in the vocal tract; these are the manners of articulation that are most often voiced in the world's languages. Vowels are sonorants, as are semivowels like [j] and [w], nasals like [m] and [n], and liquids (laterals and rhotics) like [l] and [r]. This set of sounds contrasts with the obstruents (stops, affricates and fricatives).

For some authors, only the term resonant is used with this broader meaning, while sonorant is restricted to the consonantal subset—that is, nasals and liquids only, not vocoids (vowels and semivowels).
Masaaki Ikenaga
Masaaki Ikenaga (池永 正明, Ikenaga Masaaki, August 18, 1946 – September 25, 2022) was a Japanese professional baseball player. A right-handed pitcher, he played in Japan for the Nishitetsu Lions. Ikenaga was one of the top pitchers in Nippon Professional Baseball before a scandal derailed his career at age 23. Before being implicated in the Black Mist Scandal, he made five consecutive All-Star teams at the beginning of his career, and was in the top 10 in ERA every season of his career.

Saitama Seibu Lions
The Saitama Seibu Lions (埼玉西武ライオンズ, Saitama Seibu Raionzu) are a professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based north of Tokyo in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture. Before 1979, they were based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, in Kyushu. The team is owned by a subsidiary of Seibu Railway, which in turn is owned by the Seibu Holdings. The team experienced a recent period of financial difficulty, but the situation brightened when the team received a record ¥6 billion (about $51.11 million) posting fee from the Boston Red Sox for the right to negotiate a contract with Daisuke Matsuzaka. Between 1978 and 2008, the team logo and mascot were based on the adult version of Kimba the White Lion, a classic Japanese anime and manga series by Osamu Tezuka. In 2004, former Seibu Lions player Kazuo Matsui became the first Japanese infielder to play in Major League Baseball.
Lobengula (constituency)
Lobengula was a constituency represented in the National Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe between 2008 and 2023. It was most recently represented by Gift Banda of the Movement for Democratic Change Alliance.

Movement for Democratic Change Alliance
The Movement for Democratic Change Alliance is an electoral coalition of seven political parties formed to contest Zimbabwe's 2018 general election. After the 2018 election, a dispute arose over the use of the name MDC Alliance leading the MDC Alliance leader Nelson Chamisa to found the Citizens Coalition for Change.
Grace Episcopal Church (Paducah, Kentucky)
Grace Episcopal Church is a historic church in Paducah, Kentucky.

The church is located at 820 Broadway in the historic centre of Paducah, close to the Lloyd Tilghman House and Civil War Museum.

A church has been on the site since 1846. The current building dates from 1873, the design of architect Henry Martyn Congdon, and was added to the National Register of Historic Buildings in 1976.

The church continues as an active centre of worship in the Diocese of Kentucky.

Paducah, Kentucky
Paducah (/pəˈduːkə/ ⓘ pə-DOO-kə) is a home rule-class city in the Upland South, and the county seat of McCracken County, Kentucky, United States. The most populous city in the Jackson Purchase region, it is located in the Southeastern United States at the confluence of the Tennessee and the Ohio rivers, halfway between St. Louis, Missouri, to the northwest and Nashville, Tennessee, to the southeast. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,137, up from 25,024 in 2010. Twenty blocks of the city's downtown have been designated as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Paducah is the principal city of the Paducah metropolitan area, which includes McCracken, Ballard, Carlisle and Livingston counties in Kentucky and Massac County in Illinois.  The total population of the metro area was 103,481 in 2020.  The Paducah–Mayfield combined statistical area had a total population of 140,138.
C. G. Joshi
Chandrasekhar Ganesh Joshi (born 30 August 1931) is a retired Indian cricketer.  He had a long first-class cricket career from the 1951–52 season to 1977–78, originally with Baroda and later with Rajasthan for 20 seasons.  Joshi was a right-handed batter and showed promise in that role with Baroda; with Rajasthan, however, he had greater success as a bowler who specialized in leg breaks and googlies.  Indian Cricket named him one of their cricketers of the year in 1966.  During his career, he was also a sculptor and was in charge of the fine arts department at Mayo College.

Rajasthan cricket team
The Rajasthan cricket team is a cricket team which represents the Indian state of Rajasthan. The team won the Ranji Trophy in the 2010–11 and 2011-12 seasons, having finished runners-up eight times between 1960–61 and 1973-74. It is currently in the Ranji Trophy Elite group. It is run by the Rajasthan Cricket Association and is popularly known as "Team Rajasthan".
MV Akra Aktion
The cargo ship MV Akra Aktion (prior name Steven) was built in 1957 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The cargo ship had sailed under a Greek flag and started its journey from Brăila with 3575.52 tons of steel laminate to Alexandria, Egypt. On 19 February 1981, the ship got into a storm and was stranded several hundred meters from Vama Veche beach. The water was only a few meters deep.

The crew was saved, but the ship was not salvageable. The cargo was recovered 20 years later. Now, due to the decay from rust and waves, only a small part of the wreck, including the bow, is sometimes visible over the water.

Vama Veche
Vama Veche (historical names: Ilanlâk, Ilanlâc, Turkish: Ilanlık) is a village in  Constanţa County, Romania, on the Black Sea coast, near the border with Bulgaria, at 28.57 E longitude, 43.75 N latitude. It is part of the commune of Limanu and in 2002, it had a population of 178.
Frederiksværk railway station
Frederiksværk station is a railway station serving the town of Frederiksværk in North Zealand, Denmark.

Frederiksværk station is located on the Frederiksværk Line from Hillerød to Hundested. The station was opened in 1897 with the opening of the Hillerød-Frederiksværk section of the Frederiksværk Line. The train services are operated by the railway company Lokaltog which runs frequent local train services between Hundested station and Hillerød station.

Hillerød
Hillerød (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhiləˌʁœðˀ]) is a Danish town with a population of 36,604 (1 January 2025) located in the centre of North Zealand approximately 30 km to the northwest of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hillerød is the administrative centre of Hillerød Municipality and also the administrative seat of Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region of Denmark), one of the five regions in Denmark. It is most known for its large Renaissance castle, Frederiksborg Castle, now home to the Museum of National History. The town is surrounded by the former royal forests of Gribskov to the north and Store Dyrehave to the south.
Tari, Papua New Guinea
Tari is the capital of the Tari-Pori District and is the centre of Huli country in the  Hela Province of Papua New Guinea. It is the second largest settlement in the province, and accessible by road from Mendi. The town is administered under Tari Urban LLG.

Huli people
The Huli are an indigenous Melanesian ethnic group who reside in Hela Province of Papua New Guinea. They speak mainly Huli and Tok Pisin; many also speak some of the surrounding languages, and some also speak English. They are one of the largest cultural groups in Papua New Guinea, numbering over 250,000 people (based on the population of Hela of 249,449 at the time of the 2011 national census).
Georgios Poniros
Georgios Poniros (Greek: Γεώργιος Πονηρός; born 8 October 1987) is a professional football goalkeeper. He currently plays for A.E. Ermionida F.C.

Poniros started his career at Akarnanikos. In the summer of 2008, he signed with Panetolikos On 23 August 2010, he signed a 1-year loan contract with Gamma Ethniki team Aias Salamina F.C. In the summer of 2011, he signed with Diagoras F.C.

Panetolikos F.C.
Panetolikos Football Club (Greek: ΠΑΕ Παναιτωλικός), or with its full name officially romanized as Panaitolikós Gymnastikós Filekpaideftikós Sýllogos (Greek: Παναιτωλικός Γυμναστικός Φιλεκπαιδευτικός Σύλλογος; Pan-Aetolian Gymnastic and Educational Club), is a Greek professional football club. It is based in Agrinio, Greece. Panetolikos was founded in 1926 and is considered one of the historical clubs in Greece, currently participating in the Greek First Division. Some of the most well known players that started their career in the club are Stratos Apostolakis, former Greek recordman in international caps (96), and Petros Michos.

Team colors are yellow and blue. The club's symbol is Titormus, the ancient Aetolian hero and their motto is "Τίτορμος Αιτωλός Ούτος Άλλος Ηρακλής" (Títormos Etolós Oútos Állos Iraklís), translated as Titormus the Aetolian is another Heracles.