hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Youyu County
Youyu County (Chinese: 右玉县; pinyin: Yòuyù Xiàn), is a county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shuozhou, in the northwest of Shanxi Province, China. It borders Inner Mongolia to the north and west.

County (China)
Counties (县) are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in provinces and autonomous regions and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banners and city districts. There are 1,355 counties in mainland China out of a total of 2,851 county-level divisions.

The term xian is sometimes translated as "district" or "prefecture" when put in the context of Chinese history.
Michener-Copernicus Fellowship
The Michener-Copernicus Fellowship is a literary award available to graduates of the Iowa Writers' Workshop. It is funded by the Copernicus Society of America.

Past recipients include:

Danielle Trussoni

Anthony Swofford

Peter Craig

Emily Barton

Rebecca Johns

Brett Ellen Brock

Justin Kramon

Malena Watrous

Andrew J. Porter

Nam Le

Kevin Gonzalez

Drew Keenan

Jonathan Blum

Tony Tulathimutte

Carmen Maria Machado

Adam Soto

Fatima Farheen Mirza

Malena Watrous
Malena Watrous (born in San Francisco) is an American novelist, essayist, short story writer, educator, and author of numerous magazine articles.

She is a contributor to The San Francisco Chronicle, The New York Times, Real Simple, The Believer, and Salon.

She lives in San Francisco. She attended the University of Iowa Writers' Workshop, was a Wallace Stegner Fellow at Stanford University, and then a Jones Lecturer. She currently teaches at the Stanford Online Writers' Workshop.

Her debut novel, If You Follow Me was released on March 9, 2010. The book has received reviews in The New York Times, The Boston Globe, Ms. Magazine, The Rumpus, and the San Francisco Chronicle.

She lived and worked in Japan as an Assistant Language Teacher on the JET Programme from 1998 to 2000. She attended Barnard College, where she majored in English and spent her free time interning for a food writer.
Giustizia e Libertà
Giustizia e Libertà (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈstittsja e lliberˈta]; lit. 'Justice and Liberty') was an Italian anti-fascist resistance movement, active from 1929 to 1945. The movement was cofounded by Carlo Rosselli, Ferruccio Parri, who later became Prime Minister of Italy, Emilio Lussu, Sandro Pertini, who became President of Italy, and other Italian anti-fascist refugees.

The movement's members held various political beliefs but shared a belief in active, effective opposition to fascism, compared to the older Italian anti-fascist parties. Giustizia e Libertà also made the international community aware of the realities of fascism in Italy, thanks to the work of Gaetano Salvemini.

President of Italy
The  president of Italy, officially titled President of the Italian Republic (Italian: Presidente della Repubblica Italiana), is the head of state of Italy. In that role, the president represents national unity and guarantees that Italian politics comply with the Constitution. The president is the commander-in-chief of the Italian Armed Forces and chairs the High Council of the Judiciary. The president serves a seven-year term, with no term limits. The incumbent president is former constitutional judge Sergio Mattarella, who was elected on 31 January 2015, and re-elected on 29 January 2022.
Lawrence Walters
Lawrence Walters could refer to:

Lawrence G. Walters (born 1963), American attorney and First Amendment activist

Lawrence Richard Walters (1949–1993), American truck driver known as "Lawnchair Larry", who devised a temporary aircraft using a lawnchair and helium balloons

Lawrence G. Walters
Lawrence G. Walters (born 11 November 1963) is an American First Amendment attorney and anti-censorship advocate. He is the head of the Walters Law Group, focusing on First Amendment and Internet law, and has served as an adjunct professor of Legal Studies at the  University of Central Florida.
Dyzma Gałaj
Dyzma Kazimierz Gałaj (1915, Mystkowice - 2000, Warsaw) was a Polish sociologist and politician.

During World War II, he was a member of the Polish peasant Bataliony Chłopskie resistance. After the war he would become a communist political activist, and study at the University of Łódź. He would be a member of the Polish parliament (Sejm) from 1965 to 1985, and marshal of the Sejm in 1971–1972, representing the United People's Party (ZSL). From 1972 to 1976, he was a member of the Polish Council of State. In politics, he was seen as a supporter of general Mieczysław Moczar.

As a scholar, his work concentrated on the 20th century Polish peasants.

Peasant Battalions
Peasant Battalions (Polish: Bataliony Chłopskie, abbreviated BCh) was a Polish resistance movement, guerrilla and partisan organisation, during World War II. The organisation was created in mid-1940 by the agrarian political party People's Party and by 1944 was partially integrated with the Armia Krajowa (Home Army). At its height, in summer 1944 the organisation had 160,000 members.
Charlotte 49ers football statistical leaders
The Charlotte 49ers football statistical leaders are individual statistical leaders of the Charlotte 49ers football program in various categories, including passing, rushing, receiving, total offense, defensive stats, and kicking. Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single season and career leaders. The 49ers represent the University of North Carolina at Charlotte in the NCAA Division I FBS American Conference.

Charlotte, then a 2-year college called the Charlotte Center of the University of North Carolina, played 3 years of intercollegiate football from 1946 through 1948. Records from this period are intermittent, and therefore player statistics from those seasons are not included on the lists below. Charlotte restated its football program in 2013. These statistics are updated through the end of the 2025 season.

Charlotte 49ers football
The Charlotte 49ers football program represents the University of North Carolina at Charlotte in college football. The UNC Charlotte Board of Trustees officially voted to add a football program on November 13, 2008, after a unanimous recommendation by the Football Feasibility Committee. It was made possible by Student Government initiatives starting in 2006 by then-student body president Benjamin Comstock and student body vice president Jordan Van Dyne, namely the first step of organizing a transparent student vote on football that disclosed possible hikes in tuition fees as a result of football. The online poll was approved by the Student Senate and administered in collaboration with the University's IT Department. Despite the possibility of potential rises in student fees, the vote clearly displayed a student interest in a football team. The program began play during the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season.
1980 TAAC men's basketball tournament
The 1980 Trans America Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament (now known as the ASUN men's basketball tournament) was held February 28–March 2, 1980 at the Fant–Ewing Coliseum in Monroe, Louisiana.

Centenary upset top-seeded Northeast Louisiana in the championship game, 79–77, to win their first TAAC/Atlantic Sun men's basketball tournament. However, the Gentlemen did not ultimately receive a bid to the 1980 NCAA tournament or the 1980 NIT.

Monroe, Louisiana
Monroe is the ninth-largest city in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and is the parish seat and largest city of Ouachita Parish. With a 2020 census-tabulated population of 47,702, it is the principal city of the Monroe metropolitan statistical area, the second-largest metropolitan area in North Louisiana.
Alexander Nicholson (police officer)
Alexander Nicholson  was an Australian police officer and Chief Commissioner of Victoria Police from 1922 to 1925. Nicholson was Chief Commissioner at the time of the 1923 Victorian police strike.

As a constable, Nicholson received a special stripe for valour for his role in an incident at a pub in Lake Wendouree, a suburb of Ballarat, in 1898. Armed only with a truncheon, Nicholson attempted to arrest a drunk armed with a revolver who had taken over the bar. Nicholson was shot at three times in the course of the arrest; all three bullets passed through his coat and one grazed his thumb.

Victoria Police
Victoria Police is the primary law enforcement agency of the Australian state of Victoria. It was formed in 1853 and currently operates under the Victoria Police Act 2013.

As of June 2023, Victoria Police has 21,326 staff, comprising 15,842 police officers, 1,412 Protective Services Officers, 346 Police Custody Officers and 216 Police Recruits in training, 2 reservists and 3,507 Victorian Public Service (VPS) employees across 333 police stations. Victoria Police's budget for 2023–2024 is A$4.13 billion.

Between 31 July 2018 and 18 July 2019, Victoria Police recorded 514,398 offences, an increase of 1.5% from the previous year. Victoria Police also responded to 897,016 emergency calls, a reduction of 0.3% from previous year.
Varija Bajaj
Varija Bajaj is an Indian fashion designer from Delhi known for her women's workwear. Her "Pagdi" collection at India Runway Week in 2016, saw the models wearing the traditional Indian male headgear 'pagdi'.   Her "Vrindavan" collection premiered at India Runway Week in 2017. It was designed to counter the stigmas attached to widows.

Workwear
Workwear is clothing worn for work, especially work that involves manual labour. Often those employed within trade industries elect to be outfitted in workwear because it is built to provide durability and safety.

The workwear clothing industry is growing and consumers have numerous retailers to choose from. Chains that have made a commitment to the $1 billion and rising workwear business report steady 6 percent to 8 percent annual gains in men's workwear.

In the United Kingdom, if workwear is provided to an employee without a logo, it may be subject to income tax being levied on the employee for a "payment in kind." However, if company clothing is provided with logos on then the employee may be entitled to a tax rebate to help pay for the upkeep.
Montefalcone nel Sannio
Montefalcone nel Sannio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Campobasso.

Montefalcone nel Sannio borders the following municipalities: Castelmauro, Celenza sul Trigno, Montemitro, Roccavivara, San Felice del Molise.

Province of Campobasso
The province of Campobasso (Italian: provincia di Campobasso; Molisan dialect: pruìnge de Cambuàsce) is a province in the Molise region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Campobasso. It covers an area of c. 2,941 square kilometres (1,136 sq mi) and has a total population of 223,871 (2017). There are 84 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province.

The eastern part of the province is home to a small Croatian minority who speak an archaic dialect of Croatian. The Croatians reside primarily in Acquaviva Collecroce, San Felice and Montemitro.
Leighton Alfred
Leighton Alfred (born 27 August 1962) is a British tennis coach and former professional player. As a coach he has worked with many British tennis players, including Dan Evans.

A left-handed player from Wales, Alfred competed on the professional tour in the 1980s. He featured as a wildcard in the singles main draw of the 1985 Wimbledon Championships, losing in the first round to Leif Shiras.

1985 Wimbledon Championships
The 1985 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London in the United Kingdom. It was the 99th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 24 June to 7 July 1985.

These were the last Championships to use white tennis balls.
Liu Bin (Southern Han)
Liu Bin (Chinese: 劉玢) (920 – 15 April 943), né Liu Hongdu (劉弘度), possibly nicknamed Shou (壽), also known by his posthumous name as the Emperor Shang of Southern Han (南漢殤帝), was the second emperor of the Chinese Southern Han dynasty. He reigned only briefly, from 942 to 943, from the time of the death of his father Liu Yan (Emperor Gaozu) to the time he was assassinated in a coup headed by his brother Liu Hongxi (later known as Liu Sheng, Emperor Zhongzong).

Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms
The Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms, also known by its Chinese title Shiguo Chunqiu (Chinese: 十國春秋), is a history of the Ten Kingdoms that existed in southern China after the fall of the Tang dynasty and before the reunification of China proper by the Song dynasty. The book was written and compiled by the Qing dynasty scholar Wu Renchen (c. 1628 – c. 1689). Wu took part in the compilation of Mingshi, the official history of the Ming dynasty, and felt that the official dynastic histories have neglected the Ten Kingdoms. The book contains 114 volumes (scrolls).
Eilifdahlia dahlii
Eilifdahlia dahlii is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Widely distributed in Southern Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by John Elix, Sergey Kondratyuk, and Ingvar Kärnefelt. The type specimen was collected by the first author in 1990 from Mountain Creek in Jimberoo State Forest (New South Wales), where it was found growing on a dead Callitris on a rocky ridge dominated by that tree. It has also been recorded growing on the branch and twig bark of Casuarina stricta, and species of Eucalyptus, Leptospermum, and Melaleuca. The species epithet dahlii honours the Norwegian lichenologist Eilif Dahl, "for his significant contribution to Australian lichenology". The taxon was transferred to Eilifdahlia in 2014, a newly circumscribed genus in which it is the type species.

Allocasuarina verticillata
Allocasuarina verticillata, commonly known as drooping sheoak, is a species of flowering plant in the family Casuarinaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a small dioecious tree that has drooping branchlets up to 400 mm (16 in) long, the leaves reduced to scales in whorls of nine to thirteen, the mature fruiting cones 20–50 mm (0.8–2 in) long containing winged seeds (samaras) 7–12 mm (0.3–0.5 in) long.
Silver State Bank
Silver State Bank was an American commercial bank based in Nevada that failed in 2008. The bank had 17 branches in the Las Vegas and Phoenix metropolitan areas and loan operations across the western United States. The bank's assets were acquired by Zions Bancorporation, a bank holding corporation with $2 billion in assets.

Zions Bancorporation
Zions Bancorporation is an American national bank headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. It operates as a national bank rather than as a bank holding company and does business under the following seven brands: Zions Bank, Amegy Bank of Texas, California Bank and Trust, National Bank of Arizona, Nevada State Bank, Vectra Bank Colorado, and the Commerce Bank of Washington.

As of 2023, it had 416 branches and over 1 million customers. It was founded by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) in 1873, although the church divested its interest in the bank in 1960.
Frank Proto
Frank Proto (born July 18, 1941 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American composer and bassist. He was a double bass student of Fred Zimmermann and David Walter. He is a graduate of the Manhattan School of Music in 1966 with a Master of Music. A self-taught composer, Proto has played and composed for a wide range of ensembles and soloists including Dave Brubeck, Eddie Daniels, Duke Ellington, Cleo Laine, Sherrill Milnes, Gerry Mulligan, Roberta Peters, Francois Rabbath, Ruggiero Ricci, Doc Severinsen and Richard Stoltzman.

Roberta Peters
Roberta Peters (May 4, 1930 – January 18, 2017) was an American coloratura soprano.

One of the most prominent American singers to achieve lasting fame and success in opera, Peters is noted for her 35-year association with the Metropolitan Opera Company in New York, among the longest such associations between a singer and a company in opera. She was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1998.
Boekel, North Holland
Boekel is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Castricum, and lies about 5 km south of Alkmaar. Until January 1, 2002, Boekel belonged to the municipality of Akersloot. It had a population of about 10 in 2001.

Boekel is located on the west bank of the Noordhollandsch Kanaal. According to the 19th-century historian A.J. van der Aa, a castle was located here, also called "Boekel". It was destroyed by the Spanish army during the siege of Alkmaar, on October 3, 1574.

Noordhollandsch Kanaal
The Noordhollandsch Kanaal ("Great North Holland Canal") is a canal originally meant for ocean-going ships. It is located in North Holland, Netherlands. The canal was of great significance in Dutch history.
Hjörtur Torfason
Hjörtur Torfason (19 September 1935 – 12 May 2025) was an Icelandic attorney and later judge at the Supreme Court of Iceland. Hjörtur is father in law of former minister Svandís Svavarsdóttir. He was Iceland's delegate to the Venice Commission of the Council of Europe from 1998 to 2010, and a substitute thereafter.

Svandís Svavarsdóttir
Svandís Svavarsdóttir (born 24 August 1964 in Selfoss, Iceland) is an Icelandic politician who has been member of the Althing since 2009. In October 2024, she was elected party leader of the Left-Green Movement. She served as Minister for the Environment and Natural Resources in the government of Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir. In the First cabinet of Katrín Jakobsdóttir she served as Minister of Health. She was also the leader of the Left-Green Movement's parliamentary group. She served as the Minister of Fisheries and Agriculture in the Second cabinet of Katrín Jakobsdóttir before Bjarni Benediktsson became Prime Minister, and she became Minister of Infrastructure.
Fiona McLean
Fiona McLean, also known as Fiona Mogridge or Fiona Lee-Fraser, is a British former actress and TV presenter turned photographer.

She was known to millions of viewers as schoolgirl Laura Reagan in the BBC school drama Grange Hill, a role she played from 1986 to 1988. The following year, she co-presented the BBC children's series Move It with ex-Brookside actor Simon O'Brien, who himself would appear in Grange Hill from 2003.

Fiona now runs a photography business, specialising in weddings, cover shoots and portraiture. She was married to international racing driver Johnny Mowlem and has two children.

Grange Hill
Grange Hill is a British children's television drama series, originally produced by the BBC and portraying life in a typical comprehensive school. The show began its run on 8 February 1978 on BBC1, and was one of the longest-running programmes on British television when it ended on 15 September 2008 after 31 series. It was created by Phil Redmond, who is also responsible for the Channel 4 dramas Brookside and Hollyoaks; other notable production team members down the years have included producer Colin Cant and script editor Anthony Minghella.

The show was cancelled in 2008, having run every year for 30 years. It was felt by the BBC that the series had run its course.
Teisco
Teisco was a Japanese musical instrument manufacturing company from 1948 until 1967, when the brand "Teisco" was acquired by Kawai (河合楽器製作所; Kawai Gakki Seisakusho). The company produced guitars as well as synthesizers, microphones, guitar amplifiers and drum kits. Teisco products were widely exported to the United States and the United Kingdom.

In 2018, the brand "Teisco" was relaunched –along with former guitar company Harmony– by Singaporean music company BandLab Technologies to produce effects units.

Microphone
A microphone, colloquially called a mic (/maɪk/), or mike, is a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in telecommunication, sound recording, broadcasting, and consumer electronics, including telephones, hearing aids, and mobile devices.

Several types of microphone are used today, which employ different methods to convert the air pressure variations of a sound wave to an electrical signal. The most common are the dynamic microphone, which uses a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field; the condenser microphone, which uses the vibrating diaphragm as a capacitor plate; and the contact microphone, which uses a crystal of piezoelectric material. Microphones typically need to be connected to a preamplifier before the signal can be recorded or reproduced.
Immigration Watch Canada
Immigration Watch Canada (IWC) is a Vancouver-based anti-immigration non-profit organization and website founded by Dan B. Murray, a former teacher. IWC lobbies for limiting immigration to 25,000 annually.: 34

The group would not receive media coverage until 2014, when a small number of anti-immigration flyers and posters bearing IWC's name and website address were distributed to selected areas in Brampton and Toronto, Ontario. Further single-day incidents of limited distributions occurred in Richmond, British Columbia, in 2016 and in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, in August, 2018. The message of the posters was denounced by the media. Murray distanced himself from some of the incidents, claiming that the IWC had not authorized certain posters that were "vulgar." In November 2014, six IWC members in Richmond held an anti-immigration protest blaming immigrants for traffic congestion and an unsustainable increase in the cost of housing in B.C.'s Lower Mainland.

World Sikh Organization
World Sikh Organization of Canada (WSO) is a Sikh religious and non-profit organization whose 1984 founding goal was "to provide an effective, credible  voice to represent Sikh interests on the world stage", after Operation Blue Star.  Its stated goal is "to promote and protect the interests of  the Sikh Diaspora", and "promote and advocate for" human rights. Danish Singh currently serves as President of the organization.
HMS Nile (1839)
HMS Nile was a two-deck 90-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 28 June 1839 at Plymouth Dockyard. She was named to commemorate the Battle of the Nile in 1798. After service in the Baltic Sea and the North America and West Indies Station, she was converted to a training ship and renamed Conway, surviving in that role until 1953.

Second-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns and were originally two-deckers or had only partially armed third gun decks. A "second rate" was the second largest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.

They were essentially smaller and hence cheaper versions of the 100-gun first-rates. Like the first rates, they fought in the line of battle, but unlike the first rates, which were considered too valuable to risk in distant stations, the second rates often served also in major overseas stations as flagships. They had a reputation for poor handling and slow sailing. They were popular as flagships of admirals commanding the Windward and/or Leeward Islands station, which was usually a Rear-admiral of the red.