hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hubert Jack
Hubert Hosack Jack (February 23, 1904 – March 15, 1981) was an American football and wrestling coach. He was the head wrestling coach at Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania from 1943 to 1962 and football coach from 1946 to 1968. He led the wrestling team to a 153–39–5 record and the football team to a 102–91–7 record. He retired from coaching in January 1969.

Jack was graduate of Grove City High School in Grove City, Pennsylvania, Slippery Rock State Teachers College—now known as Slippery Rock University—in Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania, and the University of Pittsburgh.

Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania
Slippery Rock is a borough in Butler County, Pennsylvania. The population was 3,558 at the 2020 census. Slippery Rock is included in the Greater Pittsburgh Region. The area is home to Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania, partially in the borough limits, and attended by nearly 9,000 students as a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education.

The post office for Slippery Rock Township was established in 1826 in the Ginger Hill area. The town of Ginger Hill was incorporated as a borough under the name Centreville in 1841, later changing its name to Slippery Rock in 1896.
Babelsberg Park
Babelsberg Park (German: Park Babelsberg) is a 114 hectare park in the northeast of the city of Potsdam, bordering on the Tiefen See lake on the River Havel. The park was first designed by the landscape artist Peter Joseph Lenné and, after him, by Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau and Karl Friedrich Schinkel, by order of the then-prince William I and his wife, Augusta. Located on a hill sloping down to the lake, the park and castle are part of the Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin, which were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List because of their unique architecture and testimony to the development of landscape design.

Havel
The Havel (German: [ˈhaːfl̩] ⓘ) is a river in northeastern Germany, flowing through the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt. The 325-kilometre-long (202 mi) Havel is a right tributary of the Elbe. However, the direct distance from its source to its mouth is only 94 kilometres (58 mi). For much of its length, the Havel is navigable; it provides an important link in the waterway connections between the east and west of Germany, as well as beyond.
2022 Campeonato Paranaense
The 2022 Campeonato Paranaense (officially the Campeonato Paranaense 1XBET 2022 for sponsorship reasons) was the 108th edition of the top division of football in the state of Paraná organized by FPF. The competition started on 22 January and ended on 3 April. Londrina were the defending champions but were eliminated in the quarter-finals.

Rio Branco could not inscribed all their players before their first match against FC Cascavel. Therefore the match, scheduled for 22 January (First stage, 1st round), was not played and FC Cascavel was awarded a 3–0 win by forfeit.

Coritiba won their 39th title after defeating Maringá 6–3 on aggregate in the finals.

Federação Paranaense de Futebol
The Federação Paranaense de Futebol (English: Football Association of Paraná state) was founded on 4 August 1937, and it manages all the official football tournaments within the state of Paraná, which are the Campeonato Paranaense, the Campeonato Paranaense lower levels and the Copa Paraná, and represents the clubs at the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF).
Ambatovy mine
The Ambatovy mine is a large open cut lateritic nickel-cobalt mine located in Madagascar, off the east coast of Africa. The largest mine in the country, it is a major contributor to the economy of Madagascar.

Lateritic nickel ore deposits
Lateritic nickel ore deposits are surficial, weathered rinds formed on ultramafic rocks.
They account for 80% of the continental world nickel resources and will be in the future the dominant source for the mining of nickel.
Goalkeepers (Gates Foundation)
Goalkeepers is an initiative launched by the Gates Foundation in 2017 to bring together leaders from around the world to accelerate progress toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The initiative also provides reports and data flow charts over SDGs progress since 1990.

Its core event is the annual Goalkeepers Conference (which usually takes place during Global Goals Week and the UN General Assembly) at which the Changemaker Award is bestowed to 'extraordinary individuals who are driving progress in their communities and countries'. Invitations are issued to global leaders and aspiring personalities who have been personally selected by the board. Previous attendees include Barack Obama, Emmanuel Macron, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Amina J. Mohammed, Erna Solberg, Malala Yousafzai, and Trevor Noah. Past award winners have included Yusra Mardini, Amika George, Ria Sharma, and Nadia Murad, who later went on to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Ria Sharma
Ria Sharma is a social activist and the first Indian to receive the UNICEF Global Goals Awards for 2017.

Sharma is the founder of NGO Make Love Not Scars that works in all aspects of rehabilitation for acid attack survivors in India.

Sharma also founded the world's first rehabilitation centre for acid attack survivors in the world.
Barnesoceras
Barnesoceras is a genus of moderately large, Lower Ordovician ellesmoerceratids with a simple, but strongly cyrtoconic shell that expands in the vertical dimension more rapidly than in the horizontal, resulting in its being laterally compressed. The aperture is simple, unconstricted, and straight sided from in front. Growth lines show a broad crest on either side that swings forward above the ventral hyponomic sinus. Septa are close spaced and have a shallow curvature. The body, or living, chamber takes up much of the shell. The siphuncle is ventral, close to the longitudinally concave side.

All eight species named and described, including the type, Barnsoceras clavum Flower, 1964, were found in the Threadgill Limestone of the Lower Ordovician Tanyard Formation in Texas.

Siphuncle
The siphuncle is a strand of tissue passing longitudinally through the shell of a cephalopod mollusc. Only cephalopods with chambered shells have siphuncles, such as the extinct ammonites and belemnites, and the living nautiluses, cuttlefish, and Spirula. In the case of the cuttlefish, the siphuncle is indistinct and connects all the small chambers of that animal's highly modified shell; in the other cephalopods it is thread-like and passes through small openings in the septa (walls) dividing the camerae (chambers). Some older studies have used the term siphon for the siphuncle, though this naming convention is uncommon in modern studies to prevent confusion with a mollusc organ of the same name.
Balata-Tufari National Forest
The Balata-Tufari National Forest (Portuguese: Floresta Nacional de Balata-Tufari) is a national forest in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.
It was created to support sustainable extraction of forest products such as timber subject to restrictions and regulations defined by law or the responsible agency, ICMBio.

National forest (Brazil)
A national forest (Portuguese: Floresta Nacional, FLONA) in Brazil is a type of sustainable use protected area.
The primary purpose is sustainable exploitation of the forest, subject to various limits.
These include a requirement to preserve at least 50% of the original forest, to preserve forest along watercourses and on steep slopes, and so on.
More than 10% of the Amazon rainforest is protected by national forests or other types of conservation unit.
Ricinocarpos trichophyllus
Ricinocarpos trichophyllus is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae and is endemic to north-western Australia. It is an open, slender, monoecious shrub with linear to narrowly oblong leaves, and flowers in a raceme with one female flower surrounded by two or three male flowers.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Sled Dogs (film)
Sled Dogs is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Fern Levitt and released in 2016. The film explores the Iditarod, raising allegations of animal cruelty among breeders, trainers and kennelers of the event's sled dogs.

Sled dog
A sled dog is a dog trained and used to pull a land vehicle in harness, most commonly a sled over snow.

Sled dogs have been used in the Arctic for at least 8,000 years and, along with watercraft, were the only transportation in Arctic areas until the introduction of semi-trailer trucks, snowmobiles and airplanes in the 20th century, hauling supplies in areas that were inaccessible by other methods. They were used with varying success in the explorations of both poles, as well as during the Alaskan gold rush. Sled dog teams delivered mail to rural communities in Alaska, Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Sled dogs today are still used by some rural communities, especially in areas of Russia, Canada, and Alaska as well as much of Greenland. They are used for recreational purposes and racing events, such as the Iditarod Trail and the Yukon Quest.
Logistic Battalion "Cremona"
The Logistic Battalion "Cremona" (Italian: Battaglione Logistico "Cremona") is an inactive military logistics battalion of the Italian Army, which was assigned to the Motorized Brigade "Cremona". Since 1 November 2019, the flag of the Logistic Battalion "Cremona" is assigned to the Logistic Regiment "Sassari" in Sardinia. The battalion's anniversary falls, as for all units of the Italian Army's Transport and Materiel Corps, on 22 May, the anniversary of the Royal Italian Army's first major use of automobiles to transport reinforcements to the Asiago plateau to counter the Austro-Hungarian Asiago Offensive in May 1916.

Asiago
Asiago (Italian: [aˈzjaːɡo]; Venetian: Axiago, Cimbrian: Slege, German: Schlägen [ˈʃlɛːɡn̩]) is a minor township (population roughly 6,500) with the title of city in the surrounding plateau region (the Altopiano di Asiago or Altopiano dei Sette Comuni, Asiago plateau) in the Province of Vicenza in the Veneto region of Northeastern Italy. It is near the border between the Veneto and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions in the foothills of the Alps, approximately equidistant (60 km) from Trento to the west and Vicenza to the south. The Asiago region is the origin of Asiago cheese.  The town was the site of a major battle between Austrian and Italian forces on the Alpine Front of World War I.  It is a major ski resort destination, and the site of the Astrophysical Observatory of Asiago, operated by the University of Padua.
Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property
The Tulane Journal of Technology and Intellectual Property (JTIP) is a student-edited journal of the Tulane University Law School. JTIP examines legal issues relating to technology, including topics such as antitrust, computer law, contracts, constitutional law, copyrights, information privacy, patents, torts, trade secrets, trademarks, and all other policy implications of law and technology in society.

Information privacy
Information privacy, also known as data privacy or data protection, is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them.

Various types of personal information often come under privacy concerns. Privacy concerns exist wherever personally identifiable information or other sensitive information is collected, stored, used, and finally destroyed or deleted – in digital form or otherwise. Improper or non-existent disclosure control can be the root cause for privacy issues. Informed consent mechanisms including privacy policies and dynamic consent are important in communicating to data subjects the different uses of their personally identifiable information.
2024–25 Costa Rican Cup
The 2024–25 Costa Rican Cup is the 6th staging of the Costa Rican Cup.

The tournament featured all twelve teams from the Liga FPD plus ten sides from the Segunda División de Costa Rica. The format consisted in a knockout tournament, starting from the Preliminary round to the final.

Alajuelense are the defending champions, having won the 2023–24 edition.

Liga FPD
The Primera División of Costa Rica, commonly known as Liga de Fútbol de Primera División (Liga FPD), and Liga Promerica for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional association football division in Costa Rica. It is administered by the Unión de Clubes de Fútbol de la Primera División (UNAFUT). The league consists of 10 teams, with the last-placed team relegated to the Liga de Ascenso.

The league was founded in 1921, with Herediano crowned as the first champions. Saprissa is the most successful club having won the championship a record 40 times. Together with Alajuelense (31 titles)and Herediano (31 titles)they have dominated the league.
Metropolis (band)
Metropolis was a German band in the mid-1970s from West Berlin, initiated by former members of other Berlin bands Tom Hildebrand (Mythos) and Manfred Opitz and Michael Westphal (Zarathustra). Michael Duwe joined them after returning from the recording of the album Seven Up with Ash Ra Tempel and Timothy Leary. Guitarist Helmut Binzer, who came from the south of Germany, and singer Ute Kannenberg, at that time better known as Tanja Berg in German hit parades ("Na Na Hey Hey Goodbye" – German version), completed the band soon after.

Seven Up (album)
Seven Up is the third studio album by German krautrock band Ash Ra Tempel and their only album recorded in collaboration with American psychologist/drug advocate Timothy Leary. It was first released in 1973.
Horseshoe Lake State Park
Horseshoe Lake State Park is an Illinois state park in Madison County, Illinois, United States. It is approximately 2,960 acres (1,198 ha) and surrounds a large horseshoe-shaped lake called Horseshoe Lake. Horseshoe Lake is the second largest natural lake in Illinois taking up approximately 2,400 acres (971 ha) of the 2,960-acre (1,198 ha) park. The park has connections to Madison County Transit's Schoolhouse Trail, which connects to over 85 miles (137 km) of bike trail in Madison County, and even a trail which goes all of the way to downtown St. Louis after crossing the Mississippi River on the Chain of Rocks Bridge. The park is located in southeastern Granite City, Illinois, 10-mile (16 km) northeast of downtown St. Louis.

Illinois Department of Natural Resources
The Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) is the code department of the Illinois state government that operates the state parks and state recreation areas, enforces the fishing and game laws of Illinois, regulates Illinois coal mines and other extractive industries, operates the Illinois State Museum system, and oversees scientific research into the soil, water, and mineral resources of the state. In 2017, the Illinois Historic Preservation Division was added to its portfolio. It is headquartered in the state capital of Springfield.
Fred E. Miller
Fred E. Miller (1868 – 1936) was an American photographer, who worked at Crow Agency. He photographed mostly Crow Indians.

Miller's works, collected by his daughter, were published as Fred E. Miller: Photographer of the Crows in 1985.

Crow Agency, Montana
Crow Agency (Crow: Baaxawuaashé) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Big Horn County, Montana, United States and is near the actual location for the Little Bighorn National Monument and re-enactment produced by the Real  Bird family known as Battle of the Little Bighorn Reenactment.  The population was 1,616 at the 2010 census. It is the governmental headquarters of the Crow Nation Native Americans. It is also the location of the "agency offices" where the federal Superintendent of the Crow Indian Reservation and his staff (part of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, United States Department of the Interior) interacts with the Crow Tribe, pursuant to federal treaties and statutes.

The ending scenes in the film Little Big Man (1970) were filmed in Crow Agency.
William Deakin
Sir Frederick William Dampier Deakin DSO (3 July 1913 – 22 January 2005) also known as F. W. Deakin, was a British historian, World War II veteran, literary assistant to Winston Churchill and the first warden of St Antony's College, Oxford.

Durmitor
Durmitor (Montenegrin: Дурмитор, pronounced [durmǐtɔr] or [dǔrmitɔr]) is a massif located in northwestern Montenegro. It is part of the Dinaric Alps. Its highest peak, Bobotov Kuk, reaches a height of 2,523 meters (8,278 ft).

The massif is limited by the Tara River Canyon on the north, the Piva River Canyon on the west, and by the Komarnica River Canyon on the south. To the east, the Durmitor opens to a 1,500 m (4,921 ft) high plateau, called Jezerska površ (Plateau of Lakes). Mount Sinjavina is located to the east of the Jezerska površ plateau. The Durmitor is for the most part located in the Žabljak municipality.

The massif gives its name to the national park that comprises it. Durmitor National Park was founded in 1952, and designated as a World Heritage Site in 1980.
Ankita Raina
Ankita Raina (born 11 January 1993) is an Indian tennis player. Since 2018, she has regularly been India's number one female player in singles and doubles.

Raina has won one title on the WTA Tour and one WTA 125 tournament (both in doubles), along with 11 singles and 30 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit. In April 2018, she entered the top 200 in the singles rankings for the first time, becoming only the fifth player representing India to achieve this feat. Raina has also won gold medals in the women's singles and mixed-doubles events at the 2016 South Asian Games, and a bronze medal in singles at the 2018 Asian Games. Raina is one of only two women representing India who have won a WTA Tour-level title.

Playing for India Billie Jean King Cup team, Raina has a win–loss record of 33–29. She has notable wins over 2011 US Open champion Samantha Stosur, Wimbledon finalist Sabine Lisicki, former world No. 5 Sara Errani, and multiple doubles Grand Slam champion Barbora Strýcová.

India Billie Jean King Cup team
The India Billie Jean King Cup team represents India in the WTA & ITF Billie Jean King Cup professional tennis competition and are governed by the All India Tennis Association.

India competed in its first Fed Cup in 1977, but did not compete again until 1991. Since 1991, India has been competing annually (except 1993). India's best result was reaching the Asia/Oceania Group I final in 2006.

In 2004, Manisha Malhotra and Sania Mirza broke the record for playing the longest tiebreak (21–19) in their doubles match against Uzbekistan pair Vlada Ekshibarova and Ivanna Israilova.
Vercelli psychiatric hospital massacre
The massacre at the Vercelli Psychiatric Hospital was the summary execution - by partisans of the 182nd Garibaldi Brigade "Pietro Camana" - of a group of Italian Social Republic (RSI) militiamen taken from the Novara stadium, then used as a concentration camp. According to the various sources, the militiamen killed were between fifty-one and sixty-five. The massacre took place partly in the town of Vercelli and partly in the town of Greggio between May 12 and 13, 1945. The memory of the event was for decades handed down almost solely by veterans of the CSR: only in more recent years have some historians taken up the subject, which is now reconstructed sufficiently comprehensively in its general outlines, although differing in some details depending on the sources.

Summary execution
In civil and military jurisprudence, summary execution is the putting to death of a person accused of a crime without the benefit of a free and fair trial. The term results from the legal concept of summary justice to punish a summary offense, as in the case of a drumhead court-martial, but the term usually denotes the summary execution of a sentence of death. Under international law, it is defined as a combatant's refusal to accept an opponent's lawful surrender and the combatant's provision of no quarter, by killing the surrendering opponents.

Summary executions have been practiced by governments and paramilitary organizations during both peacetime and war, and are usually associated with war crimes and political persecution.
Scourfieldia
Scourfieldia is a genus of green algae in the family Scourfieldiaceae. Cardiomonas Korshikov is an invalid synonym.

The genus was circumscribed by George Stephen West in J. Bot. vol.50 on page 326 in 1912.

The genus name of Scourfieldia is in honour of David Joseph Scourfield FLS FRMS ISO (1866–1949), who was a British civil servant and biologist known as an authority on the Cladocera.

Linnean Society of London
The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature collections, and publishes academic journals and books on plant and animal biology. The society also awards a number of prestigious medals and prizes.

A product of the 18th-century enlightenment, the society is the oldest extant biological society in the world and is historically important as the venue for the first public presentation of the theory of evolution by natural selection on 1 July 1858.

The patron of the society is Anne, Princess Royal. Vice-patrons include: Emeritus Emperor Akihito of Japan, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden (both have active interests in natural history), and the eminent naturalist and broadcaster Sir David Attenborough.
Wernyhora
Wernyhora is a legendary 18th century Cossack bard (bandurist) who prophesied the fall of Poland and its subsequent rebirth and flourishing, "from Black to White sea".

He has been a subject of several folklore tales and poems (particularly in the 19th  century romanticism in Poland). He often comes up in reference to the Ukrainian peasant uprising Koliivshchyna. Most notably he has been a character in works of Seweryn Goszczyński (Vernyhora), Michał Czajkowski (Wernyhora wieszcz ukraiński: powieść historyczna z roku 1768 (1838)), Juliusz Słowacki (Salomea's Silver Dream) and Stanisław Wyspiański (The Wedding), as well as a subject of a paintings by Jan Matejko and Jacek Malczewski.

Stanisław Wyspiański
Stanisław Mateusz Ignacy Wyspiański (pronounced ['staˈɲiswaf vɨˈspjaɲskʲi]; 15 January 1869 – 28 November 1907) was a Polish playwright, painter, poet, and interior and furniture designer. A patriotic writer, he created symbolic national dramas accordant with the artistic premises of the Young Poland movement.

Wyspiański was one of the most outstanding and multifaceted artists in Poland under the foreign partitions. He combined modernism with traditional Polish folk and Romantic themes. He became known unofficially as a fourth Polish bard, after the earlier Three Bards: Adam Mickiewicz, Juliusz Słowacki, and Zygmunt Krasiński).: 147 : 184