hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Religion in Cuba
Christianity is the most widely professed religion in Cuba, with Catholicism being its largest denomination. A significant share of the Cuban population is either non-religious or practices folk religions.

Before the arrival of Spanish missionaries, the people residing in the territory of modern-day Cuba practiced a variety of faiths.

Adventist University of the Antilles
The Antillean Adventist University (AAU) (in Spanish: Universidad Adventista de las Antillas) (UAA) is a private, Seventh-day Adventist university in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.
The university developed from the merging of two educational institutions: Puerto Rico Academy established in 1946; renamed in 1957 as the Colegio Adventista Puertorriqueño, and Antillian College which moved to Puerto Rico as a result of the Cuban Revolution. In 1989, the school's higher education program was licensed by the Council of Higher Education of Puerto Rico on August 18, 1989.

The university is sponsored by and affiliated with the Seventh-day Adventist Church, and is situated within 284 acres (1.15 km2) of mountainous land with a view of the Atlantic Ocean. AAU offers undergraduate studies in arts and sciences, and graduate studies in arts.
Germain Pirlot
Germain Pirlot (born 18 March 1943 in Sart-Custinne, Gedinne, Belgium) is a Belgian esperantist and ex-teacher of French and history, presently living in Ostend. He is best known as the inventor of the name euro for the common currency of the European Union (EU).

On 4 August 1995, Pirlot sent a letter to then President of the European Commission, Jacques Santer, in which he suggested the name euro to be used for the planned currency of the EU. Later, Pirlot received an official letter thanking him for the suggestion.

The name euro was officially adopted by the European Council in Madrid (Spain) on 16 December 1995. Jean-Jacques Schul, chairman of Promeuro (Association for the promotion of the euro), claims that to his knowledge nobody else had suggested to use this name for the currency before 4 August 1995.

Another suggestion made by Pirlot in the same letter, to name the hundredth of the currency "ropas", has not been realized – instead, the name "cent" has been adopted.

Ostend
Ostend (/ɒstˈɛnd/ ost-END; Dutch: Oostende [oːstˈɛndə] ⓘ West Flemish: Ostende; French: Ostende [ɔstɑ̃d] ⓘ; lit. 'East End') is a coastal city and municipality in the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It comprises the boroughs of Mariakerke, Raversijde, Stene and Zandvoorde, and the city of Ostend proper – the largest on the Belgian coast.
Marsden Madoka
Marsden Herman Madoka (born March 15, 1943) is a Kenyan statesman, businessman, and former military officer. He has served in various capacities in both public service and private sectors, including as Minister of State for Provincial Administration and National Security, Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Assistant Minister for Foreign Affairs. Madoka is renowned for his contributions to Kenya's governance, sports development, and education.

Kenya Ports Authority
Kenya Ports Authority (KPA) is a state corporation with the responsibility to "maintain, operate, improve and regulate all scheduled seaports" on the Indian Ocean coastline of Kenya, including principally Kilindini Harbour at Mombasa.  Other KPA ports include Lamu, Malindi, Kilifi, Mtwapa, Kiunga, Shimoni, Funzi and Vanga.
1968 RAC Tourist Trophy
The 1968 RAC Tourist Trophy was a motor race which was held at the Oulton Park circuit, in Cheshire, England, on the 3 June. Although the 1967 race was part of the European Touring Car Championship, the 1968 and 33rd running of the RAC International Tourist Trophy Race saw a return to Group 7 sportscars. The world's oldest motor race was the fourth round of the 1968 British Sports Car Championship.

David Piper (racing driver)
David Ruff Piper (born 2 December 1930) is a British former Formula One and sports car racing driver from England.  He participated in 3 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 18 July 1959.
2008 Trophée des Champions
The 2008 Trophée des Champions Final was a football match that saw the 2007–08 Ligue 1 and Coupe de France champions Lyon face off against Bordeaux. Since Lyon won both the league and the Coupe de France, they faced the club that finished in second place in Ligue 1, Bordeaux.

The match was held on 2 August 2008 at the Stade Chaban-Delmas in Bordeaux. After the score finished in a 0–0 draw after 90 minutes, Bordeaux ended Lyon's streak of six-straight Trophée des Champions titles by defeating them 5–4 on penalties.

2007–08 Ligue 1
The 2007–08 Ligue 1 season was the seventieth since its establishment, and started in August 2007 and ended on 17 May 2008. The fixtures were announced in June 2007. Lyon became French champions, having won a record seventh consecutive title.
Bruce Greenhill
Bruce Greenhill (26 July 1946 – 6 February 2014) was  a former Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Greenhill became an established footballer in the Tasmanian Football League with Sandy Bay and Hobart during the 1970s and early 1980s, playing in numerous premierships with both clubs before retiring as a player following the 1981 season and becoming senior coach of Hobart Football Club in 1982 and 1983.
Following his retirement as coach, Greenhill became a radio and television commentator for ABC-Television and Radio's TFL match broadcasts which he did until the end of the 1997 season.
Greenhill later became head of AFL Tasmania for a brief time in the late 1990s before retiring to Queensland in the early 2000s where he remained until he died from brain cancer in 2014.

Hobart Football Club
Hobart Football Club (nicknamed The Tigers) is an Australian rules football club based in Hobart, Tasmania. 
The club play their home fixtures at the TCA Ground on the Queens Domain, in Hobart and is a member of the Southern Football League.
Iris Angola Association
Iris Angola Association (Portuguese: Associação Íris Angola) is the first legally registered LGBTI  non-governmental organization in Angola. The organization was founded in 2013, received a certificate from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Angola in 2016, and became legally registered in 2018.

The organization focuses on healthcare and human rights advocacy. Iris Angola advocated for revisions to Angola's penal code to decriminalize homosexuality; revisions that both legalized same-sex sexual conduct and outlawed discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation were made in 2019 and came into effect in 2021. The organization is headquartered in Luanda with offices in Benguela and Lubango.

Benguela
Benguela (Portuguese pronunciation: [bẽˈɡɛlɐ]; Umbundu: Luombaka) is a city in western Angola, capital of Benguela Province. Benguela is one of Angola's most populous cities with a population of 555,124 in the city and 561,775 in the municipality, at the 2014 census.
How to Draw Comics the Marvel Way
How to Draw Comics the Marvel Way is a book by Stan Lee and John Buscema. The book teaches the aspiring comic book artist how to draw and create comic books. The examples are from Marvel Comics and Buscema artwork. It was first published in 1978 by Marvel Fireside Books and has been reprinted regularly. The book created a generation of cartoonists who learned there was a "Marvel way to draw and a wrong way to draw". It is considered "one of the best instruction books on creating comics ever produced".

Scott McCloud has cited the book as a good reference for teaching the process of making comic books.

Lee and Buscema also created a video version of the book which is now on DVD.

The book's popularity resulted in two follow-ups that played on the title: "How to Read Comics the Marvel Way" by Christopher Hastings and others (2022), and "How to Create Comics the Marvel Way" by Mark Waid (2024).

Mark Waid
Mark Waid (/weɪd/; born March 21, 1962) is an American comic book writer best known for his work on DC Comics titles The Flash, Kingdom Come and Superman: Birthright as well as his work on Captain America, Fantastic Four and Daredevil for Marvel. Other comics publishers he has done work for include Fantagraphics, Event, Top Cow, Dynamite, and Archie Comics.

From August 2007 to December 2010, Waid served as Editor-in-Chief and later Chief Creative Officer of Boom! Studios, where he also published his creator-owned series Irredeemable and Incorruptible.

In October 2018, Waid joined Humanoids Publishing as Director of Creative Development before being promoted to Publisher in February 2020. Waid left Humanoids to return to freelancing in 2022.
Mindyak
Mindyak (Russian: Миндяк; Bashkir: Миндәк, Mindäk) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Mindyaksky Selsoviet, Uchalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 2,282 as of 2010. There are 56 streets.

Uchalinsky District
Uchalinsky District (Russian: Учали́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Учалы районы, Uçalı rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Chelyabinsk Oblast in the north, east, and south, Abzelilovsky District in the south, and with Beloretsky District in the west. The area of the district is 4,510 square kilometers (1,740 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Uchaly (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 35,480.
Pleasant Harbor State Park
Pleasant Harbor State Park is a marine state park located off Highway 101, two miles (3.2 km) south of Brinnon in Jefferson County, Washington. The park is a one-acre moorage facility for fishing, boating, and scuba diving only and no other services.

Pleasant Harbor and the adjoining Black Point Peninsula, which separates the harbor from Hood Canal, are the subject of an ongoing  
process for the development of a Master Planned Resort under the auspices of the Jefferson County Department of Community Development.

Jefferson County, Washington
Jefferson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,977. The county seat and only incorporated city is Port Townsend. The county is named for Thomas Jefferson.

Jefferson County was formed out of Thurston County on December 22, 1852, by the legislature of Oregon Territory, and included the northern 4,854-square-mile (12,571.8 km2) portion of the Olympic Peninsula. On April 26, 1854, the legislature of Washington Territory created Clallam County from the northwestern 2,670-square-mile (6,915.3 km2) portion of this original area.

The Hood Canal Bridge connects Jefferson County to Kitsap County, Washington. The Coupeville-Port Townsend route of the Washington State Ferries connects the county to Whidbey Island in Island County, Washington.
The Balmoral
The Balmoral may mean:

The Balmoral Hotel (formerly the North British Hotel), in Edinburgh, Scotland

MV Balmoral, a passenger ship which cruises the south coast of England

See also

Balmoral (disambiguation)

Balmoral Hotel
The Balmoral Hotel is a hotel and landmark in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located in the heart of the city at the east end of Princes Street, the main shopping street beneath the Edinburgh Castle rock, and the southern edge of the New Town.

It is accessed from Princes Street, on its north side, and flanked by North Bridge and Waverley Steps. The latter gives pedestrian access to Waverley Station to the south, to which it was formerly linked. The hotel has been a Category B listed building since 1994.
Kibbe (surname)
Kibbe is the surname of:

Alice L. Kibbe (1881–1969), American botanist and professor of biology

Matt Kibbe, American political activist

Roger Kibbe (1939–2021), American serial killer known as the "I-5 Strangler"

Trudie Kibbe Reed, American academic administrator

William Chauncey Kibbe (1822–1904), California pioneer and third Adjutant General of California

Trudie Kibbe Reed
Trudie Kibbe Reed (born 1947) is an American academic administrator who served as the fifth president of Bethune–Cookman University from 2004 to 2012. She was previously the eleventh president of Philander Smith College from 1998 to 2004. She was its first female president.
Ortigas Interchange
The Ortigas Interchange, also known as the EDSA–Ortigas Interchange or the Ortigas Flyover, is a three-level partial stack interchange at the boundary between Mandaluyong and Quezon City in Metro Manila, Philippines, which serves as the junction between Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) and Ortigas Avenue. Originally a regular four-way intersection, the current interchange was built in 1991 as the flagship infrastructure project of President Corazon Aquino.

Stack interchange
A directional interchange, colloquially known as a stack interchange, is a type of grade-separated junction between two controlled-access highways that allows for free-flowing movement to and from all directions of traffic.  These interchanges eliminate the problems of weaving, have the highest vehicle capacity, and vehicles travel shorter distances when compared to different types of interchanges.

The first directional interchange built in the world was the Four Level Interchange which opened to Los Angeles traffic in 1949.
Bradfield Church
Bradfield Church is situated in the small village of High Bradfield, (Grid Reference SK268924) which is located 6 miles (10 km) north west of the centre of the city of Sheffield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of only five Grade One listed buildings in Sheffield. The church is situated 260 metres (850 ft) above sea level, overlooking the Peak District National Park.

Listed buildings in Sheffield
There are about 1,000 listed buildings in Sheffield. Of these only five are Grade I listed, and 67 are Grade II*, the rest being Grade II listed. The buildings vary from a listed facade to the largest listed building in Europe (Park Hill).

The dates given refer to the year(s) of completion.
Measurable cardinal
In mathematics, specifically in set theory, a measurable cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. In order to define the concept, one introduces a two-valued measure on a cardinal , or more generally on any set. For a cardinal , it can be described as a subdivision of all of its subsets into large and small sets such that  itself is large, the empty set and all singletons  with  are small, complements of small sets are large and vice versa. The intersection of fewer than  large sets is again large.

It turns out that uncountable cardinals endowed with a two-valued measure are large cardinals whose existence cannot be proved from ZFC.

The concept of a measurable cardinal was introduced by Stanisław Ulam in 1930.

Fundamenta Mathematicae
Fundamenta Mathematicae is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of mathematics with a special focus on the foundations of mathematics, concentrating on set theory, mathematical logic, topology and its interactions with algebra, and dynamical systems.

The first specialized journal in the field of mathematics, originally it covered only topology, set theory, and foundations of mathematics. It is published by the Mathematics Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences.
Cinema of Afghanistan
Cinema was introduced to Afghanistan at the beginning of the 20th century. Political troubles, such as the 1973 Afghan coup d'état and the Saur Revolution slowed the industry over the years; however, numerous Pashto and Dari films have been made both inside and outside Afghanistan throughout the 20th century. The cinema of Afghanistan entered a new phase in 2001, but has failed to recover to its popular pre-war status.

Earth and Ashes
Earth and Ashes (Persian: خاکستر و خاک) is a 2004 Afghan film directed and co-written by Atiq Rahimi, based on his book of the same name which was published in 2000. It was Afghanistan's submission to the 77th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film but was not nominated. It was also screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival. It won the Golden Dhow award at the 2005 Zanzibar International Film Festival.
Samantha Browne
Samantha Browne (born 3 July 1989) is a Barbadian netball player who represents Barbados internationally and plays in the positions of wing attack, centre and wing defense. She competed at the Netball World Cup on four occasions in 2007, 2011, 2015 and 2019. She also represented Barbados at the Commonwealth Games in 2014, which also marked her maiden Commonwealth Games appearance.

2019 Netball World Cup
The 2019 Netball World Cup (also known as the 2019 Vitality Netball World Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th edition of the INF Netball World Cup. It was held from 12–21 July 2019 at the Liverpool Arena in Liverpool, England with matches being held on two courts. Host nation England finished their campaign with a bronze medal. New Zealand became 5th time champions after beating Australia in the final and gold medal match.

Sixteen nations contested for the title, which included the top six of the previous tournament which was held in Sydney, Australia. After two group stage rounds, Australia, England, New Zealand and South Africa all made it to the semi-finals. In a rematch of the 2015 final, New Zealand would take home their fifth title after defeating Australia by one goal. England finished in third place, after defeating South Africa.

Trinidad and Tobago's Rhonda John-Davis appeared in her sixth World Cup, a World Cup record.
Rozavlea
Rozavlea (Hungarian: Rozávlya or Rosália, Yiddish: ריזאוולייה, romanized: Rezavlia) is a commune in Maramureș County, Maramureș, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Rozalvea and Sâlța (established in 2006).

The commune is located in the east-central part of Maramureș County, on the right bank of the Iza River. It lies at an altitude of 370 m (1,210 ft), in the western foothills of the Maramureș Mountains. The county seat, Baia Mare, is some 75 km (47 mi) to the west.

At the 2021 census, Rozavlea had a population of 2,986, with an absolute majority (91.5%) of ethnic Romanians.

Maramureș
Maramureș (Romanian: Maramureș pronounced [maraˈmureʃ] ⓘ; Rusyn: Мараморош; Ukrainian: Мармарощина, romanized: Marmaroshchyna; Hungarian: Máramaros [ˈmaːrɒmɒroʃ]) is a geographical, historical and cultural region in northern Romania and western Ukraine. It is situated in the northeastern Carpathians, along parts of the upper Tisza River drainage basin; it covers the Maramureș Depression and the surrounding Carpathian mountains.

Alternatively, the term Maramureș is also used for the Maramureș County of Romania, which contains the southern section of the historical region.
South African potato boycott
The potato boycott of 1959 was a consumer boycott in Bethal, South Africa during the Apartheid era against slave-like conditions of potato labourers in Bethal, Transvaal. The boycott started in June 1959 and ended in September 1959. Prominent figures of the movement included Gert Sibande, Ruth First, Michael Scott and Henry Nxumalo.

South African Indian Congress
The South African Indian Congress (SAIC) was an umbrella body founded in 1921 to coordinate between political organisations representing Indians in the various provinces of South Africa. Its members were the Natal Indian Congress (NIC), the Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC), and, initially, the Cape British Indian Council. It advocated non-violent resistance to discriminatory laws and in its formative years was strongly influenced by the NIC's founder, Mahatma Gandhi.

Although the SAIC's members operated with a great deal of autonomy, the SAIC had a particularly important political role in the 1950s, when it represented the NIC and TIC in fostering more cooperative relations with the African National Congress. Pursuant to these efforts, the SAIC co-organised the Defiance Campaign and Congress of the People, and it became a signatory to the Freedom Charter and a member of the Congress Alliance.
Uwe Stock
Uwe Stock (born 5 December 1947) is a German judo athlete, who competed for the SC Dynamo Berlin / Sportvereinigung (SV) Dynamo. He won medals at national and international competitions. In 1973 he took over the GDR-Championtitel from Helmut Howiller.

Stock was born in Wustrow.

SC Dynamo Berlin
The Sports Club Dynamo Berlin  was an East German sports club that existed from 1954 to 1991. It was the largest sports club of SV Dynamo, the sports association of the security agencies. The club was reformed after German reunification and succeeded by sports club SC Berlin.
1985 Mediterranean Grand Prix
The 24th Gran Premio del Mediterraneo (Grand Prix of the Mediterranean), was the eighth round of the 1985 International Formula 3000. This was held on the Isle of Sicily, at the Autodromo di Pergusa, Enna, on 28 July.

Cosworth
Cosworth is a British automotive engineering company founded in London in 1958, specialising in high-performance internal combustion engines, powertrain, and electronics for automobile racing (motorsport) and mainstream automotive industries. Cosworth is based in Northampton, England, with facilities in Cottenham, England, Silverstone, England, and Indianapolis, IN, US.

Cosworth has collected 176 wins in Formula One (F1) as engine supplier, ranking third with most wins, behind Ferrari and Mercedes.
Arpke
Arpke is a village in the town of Lehrte in the district of Hanover, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 30 km east of Hanover.

Since 1893 Arpke has a railway station on the Berlin–Lehrte railway and is connected once per hour to Hanover and Wolfsburg.

Wolfsburg
Wolfsburg (German: [ˈvɔlfsbʊʁk] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Wulfsborg) is the fifth-largest city in the German state of Lower Saxony. It lies on the river Aller, 75 kilometres (47 mi) east of Hanover and 230 kilometres (143 mi) west of Berlin.

Wolfsburg is famous as the location of Volkswagen AG's headquarters and, until it was overtaken by Tesla Gigafactory Texas in 2022, the world's biggest car plant. The Autostadt is a visitor attraction next to the Volkswagen factory that features the company's model range: Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Ducati, Lamborghini, MAN, Neoplan, Porsche, Scania, SEAT, Škoda Auto and Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles. Wolfsburg is one of the few German cities built during the first half of the 20th century as a planned city. From its founding on 1 July 1938 as a home for workers producing the KdF-Wagen until 25 May 1945, the city was called Stadt des KdF-Wagens bei Fallersleben. In 1972, the population first exceeded 100,000. In 2019, the GRP was €188,453 per capita.
Penny Strait
The Penny Strait (76°30′N 097°00′W﻿ / ﻿76.500°N 97.000°W﻿ / 76.500; -97.000﻿ (Penny Strait)) is a natural waterway through the central Canadian Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. It separates Bathurst Island (to the south-west) from Devon Island (to the east). To the south and south-east, the strait opens into Queens Channel.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.