hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
46th Ohio Infantry Regiment
The 46th Ohio Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The 46th was armed rather differently from most infantry regiments in the Civil War.  In March 1864 many of the regiment's men re-enlisted as the 46th Ohio Veteran Infantry Regiment and received a 30-day furlough.  Upon return to its encampment at Scottsboro, Alabama, in April 1864, the regiment exchanged its muzzleloading rifle-muskets for the Spencer repeating rifle. The colonel of the 46th Ohio, Charles C. Walcutt, wrote a manual of arms for the Spencer, and the regiment first employed its Spencers in force at the Battle of Resaca.

Spencer repeating rifle
The Spencer repeating rifle was a 19th-century American lever-action firearm invented by Christopher Spencer. The Spencer carbine was a shorter and lighter version designed for the cavalry.

The Spencer was the world's first military metallic-cartridge repeating rifle, and over 200,000 examples were manufactured in the United States by the Spencer Repeating Rifle Co. and Burnside Rifle Co. between 1860 and 1869.

The Spencer repeating rifle was adopted by the Union Army, especially by the cavalry, during the American Civil War but did not replace the standard issue muzzle-loading rifled muskets in use at the time. Among the early users was George Armstrong Custer.
Gene McMurray
Jean Gordon "Gene" McMurray (July 25, 1902 – January 2, 1971) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach. He served as the head football coach at Milligan College—now known as Milligan University—in Milligan College, Tennessee, from 1929 to 1931 and East Tennessee State College—now known as East Tennessee State University—in Johnson City, Tennessee, from 1932 to 1946. McMurray was also the head basketball coach at East Tennessee State from 1933 to 1947.

A native of Huntington, Indiana, McMurray was a graduate of Maryville College in Maryville, Tennessee. He earned a master's degree from Peabody College and Vanderbilt University and a doctorate in physical education from New York University. McMurray resigned from his coaching post at East Tennessee State in 1947 to head the physical education department at the University of Mississippi (Ole Miss). He died on January 2, 1971, in Oxford, Mississippi, after an apparent heart attack.

Oxford, Mississippi
Oxford is the 14th most populous city in Mississippi, United States, and the county seat of Lafayette County, 75 miles (121 km) southeast of Memphis. A college town, Oxford surrounds the University of Mississippi or "Ole Miss". Founded in 1837, the city is named after Oxford, England.

Purchasing the land from a Chickasaw, pioneers founded Oxford in 1837. In 1841, the Mississippi State Legislature selected it as the site of the state's first university, Ole Miss. Oxford is also the hometown of Nobel Prize-winning novelist William Faulkner, and served as the inspiration for his fictional Jefferson in Yoknapatawpha County. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, who served as a US Supreme Court Justice and Secretary of the Interior, also lived and is buried in Oxford.

At the 2020 US Census, the population was 25,416.
Vladyslav Lavskyy
Vladyslav Fedorovych Lavskyy (Ukrainian: Владислав Федорович Лавський; born 16 March 2000) is a Ukrainian track and field athlete.

Lavskyy was born in Mena and won bronze in the high jump at the 2017 IAAF World U18 Championships. He is studying at the Lviv National Stepan Gzhytsky University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology. He won a gold medal in the high jump at the 2021 Summer World University Games.

2017 IAAF World U18 Championships
The 2017 IAAF World U18 Championships was the tenth and last edition of the biennial international athletics competition for youth (under-18) athletes. The five-day competition took place between 12 and 16 July at the Moi International Sports Centre in Nairobi, Kenya. Eligible athletes were aged 16 or 17 on 31 December 2017 (born in 2000 or 2001).

South Africa topped the medals table with 11 medals, five of them gold, while host nation Kenya finished fourth with four gold and 15 medals in total.
Scrope Berdmore
Rev. Scrope Berdmore (19 February 1708 – 16 February 1770) was an English clergyman.

His father was Samuel Berdmore and his mother was Martha Scrope. He matriculated from Merton College, Oxford in 1724, gained his BA in 1728, MA in 1732, BD in 1738 and Doctor of Divinity in 1742.

He followed his father as Vicar of St. Mary's Church, Nottingham, in 1743 and was also Vicar of St. Stephen's Church, Sneinton and St. Leonard's Church, Wollaton and Rector of St. Edmund's Church, Holme Pierrepont and of Adbolton.

He remained in charge of St Mary's until his death in 1770 and is buried there. His portrait hangs in the church.

St Leonard's Church, Wollaton
St Leonard's Church is a Church of England parish church in Wollaton, Nottinghamshire, England. Dating originally from the 13th century, the church was restored in the Victorian era and again in the 20th century. It is notable for the large number of funerary monuments it contains. Many are to the Willoughby family, of nearby Wollaton Hall. There is also a memorial to Robert Smythson, designer of the hall, and one of the first English architects. The church is a Grade II* listed building.
Deborah Reynolds
Deborah Reynolds was a Democratic member of the New Hampshire Senate, representing the 2nd District from 2006 to 2010.  She was Chairman of the New Hampshire Senate Judiciary Committee and served on the Commerce, Labor and Consumer Protection Committee, Rules and Enrolled Bills Committee, and the Ways and Means Committee.  She is one of five governor-appointed commissioners on the New Hampshire Commission for Human Rights.

The Senate District 2 comprises Alexandria, Ashland, Bath, Benton, Bridgewater, Bristol, Campton, Canaan, Center Harbor, Dorchester, Easton, Ellsworth, Groton, Haverhill, Hebron, Holderness, Landaff, Lyme, Meredith, Monroe, New Hampton, Orange, Orford, Piermond, Plymouth, Rumney, Sanbornton, Thornton, Warren, Wentworth and Woodstock.

Warren, New Hampshire
Warren is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 825 at the 2020 census, down from 904 at the 2010 census. Warren includes the village of Glencliff. The Appalachian Trail crosses the town in the west.

It is the smallest by population of the six towns named Warren in New England (one in each state).
Hoser
Hoser or hose-head is a slang term originating in Canada that is used to reference or imitate Canadians.

The term "hoser" is a comedic label given to someone that gained popularity and notoriety from the comedic skits by Rick Moranis and Dave Thomas (playing the characters of Bob and Doug McKenzie) in SCTV's "The Great White North" segments. The characters also used the verb 'to hose' as a synonym for 'to swindle'.

Dave Thomas (actor)
David William Thomas CM (born May 20, 1949) is a Canadian actor, comedian and television writer, known for being one half of the duo Bob and Doug McKenzie with Rick Moranis. He appeared as Doug McKenzie on SCTV, for which he won a Primetime Emmy Award out of two nominations, and in the film Strange Brew (1983), which he also co-directed. As a duo, they made two albums, The Great White North and Strange Brew, the former gaining them a Grammy Award nomination and a Juno Award.

His other notable acting credits include My Man Adam (1985), The Experts (1989), Coneheads (1993), Rat Race (2001), Beethoven's 5th (2003) and Santa's Slay (2005). He is also known for playing Russell Norton in the TV series Grace Under Fire (1993–1998) and provided the voice of Tuke in Brother Bear (2003), and Brother Bear 2 (2006).
Secret Story (album)
Secret Story is an album by Pat Metheny, released in 1992. It won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Jazz Album in 1993.
All of the music is composed by Metheny (shared credit on one track), and it is one of his most ambitious studio ventures, integrating elements of jazz, rock, and world music. On the performing side, it includes collaborations with the Pinpeat Orchestra of the Royal Ballet of Cambodia, the London Orchestra and its conductor Jeremy Lubbock, the Choir of the Cambodian Royal Palace, legendary harmonica player Toots Thielemans, and keyboardist Lyle Mays from Pat Metheny Group.

Royal Palace of Cambodia
The Royal Palace of Cambodia (Khmer: ព្រះបរមរាជវាំង) is a complex of buildings which serves as the official royal residence of the King of Cambodia. Its full name in Khmer is the Preah Barom Reacheaveang Chaktomuk Serey Mongkol (Khmer: ព្រះបរមរាជវាំងចតុមុខសិរីមង្គល). The Cambodian monarchs have occupied it since it was built in the 1860s, with a period of absence when the country came into turmoil during and after the reign of the Khmer Rouge.

The palace was constructed by King Norodom between 1866 and 1870; this original palace was largely demolished and rebuilt between 1912 and 1932, It is situated at the Western bank of the confluence of the Tonle Sap River and the Mekong River called Chaktomuk (an allusion to Brahma).
Non-small-cell lung cancer
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or non-small-cell lung carcinoma, is a type of epithelial lung cancer other than small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Non-small-cell lung cancer accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. As a class, non-small-cell lung cancers are relatively insensitive to chemotherapy, compared to small-cell carcinoma. When possible, they are primarily treated by surgical resection with curative intent, although chemotherapy has been used increasingly both preoperatively (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and postoperatively (adjuvant chemotherapy).

Adjuvant therapy
Adjuvant therapy, also known as adjunct therapy, adjuvant care, or augmentation therapy, is a therapy that is given in addition to the primary or initial therapy to maximize its effectiveness. The surgeries and complex treatment regimens used in cancer therapy have led the term to be used mainly to describe adjuvant cancer treatments. An example of such adjuvant therapy is the additional treatment usually given after surgery where all detectable disease has been removed, but where there remains a statistical risk of relapse due to the presence of undetected disease. If known disease is left behind following surgery, then further treatment is not technically adjuvant.

An adjuvant used on its own specifically refers to an agent that improves the effect of a vaccine. Medications used to help primary medications are known as add-ons.
The Arsonist (Sodom album)
The Arsonist is the seventeenth studio album by German thrash metal band Sodom, released on 27 June 2025.

One of the album's songs, "Witchhunter", pays tribute to the band's original drummer Christian "Witchhunter" Dudek, while "A.W.T.F." is dedicated to original Tank frontman Algy Ward.

Algy Ward
Alasdair Mackie "Algy" Ward (11 July 1959 – 17 May 2023) was an English punk rock and heavy metal bass guitarist and singer. He began his career in 1977, as a bassist for the Australian proto punk garage band the Saints. Afterwards, he joined The Damned, before founding Tank in 1980. Tank were part of the new wave of British heavy metal movement.
1946–47 Svenska mästerskapet (men's handball)
The 1946–47 Svenska mästerskapet was the 16th season of Svenska mästerskapet, a tournament held to determine the Swedish Champions of men's handball. The qualification criteria for the tournament was changed for this season. All Allsvenskan teams and all District Champions qualified, along with invited teams from Division II. 32 teams competed in the tournament. Majornas IK were the five-time defending champions, but were eliminated by Sandvikens IF in the Second Round. Redbergslids IK won their third title, defeating cross-town rivals IK Heim in the final. The semifinals and final were played on 15–16 March in Mässhallen in Gothenburg. The final was watched by 4,198 spectators.

Handbollsligan
Handbollsligan (literally, "The Handball league") is the highest league in the league system of Swedish handball, and comprises the top 14 Swedish handball teams. The first season began in 1931–32. The season ends with a playoff.
Eye of God (film)
Eye of God is a 1997 crime drama film written and directed by Tim Blake Nelson and adapted from his stage play of the same name. It stars Martha Plimpton, Kevin Anderson, Nick Stahl, and Hal Holbrook. The film follows two plot lines which are revealed to be connected in a nonlinear narrative.

Nelson developed the script at the Sundance Institute's Screenwriters and Directors Labs. The film won the American Independent Award at the Seattle International Film Festival in 1997 and the Bronze Award at the 1997 Tokyo International Film Festival. Nelson was nominated for the Someone to Watch Award at the 1998 Independent Spirit Awards and the Grand Jury Prize at the 1997 Sundance Film Festival. The movie was filmed in the areas of Skiatook, Perry, and Tulsa of Oklahoma in early 1996.

Nick Stahl
Nicolas Kent Stahl (born (1979-12-05)December 5, 1979) is an American actor. Starting out as a child actor, he gained recognition for his performance in the 1993 film The Man Without a Face, in which he was directed by and starred alongside Mel Gibson.

Stahl later transitioned into adult roles in the films Disturbing Behavior, The Thin Red Line, In the Bedroom, Bully, Sin City, and Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines in the role of John Connor, as well as on the HBO series Carnivàle in the role of Ben Hawkins. He also starred as Jason Riley on the AMC television series Fear the Walking Dead. In April 2023, he starred as Lucas on the Hulu television series Tiny Beautiful Things.
Pemphigaspis
Pemphigaspis is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period.

Dresbachian
The Dresbachian is a Maentwrogian regional stage of North America, lasting from 501 to 497 million years ago. It is part of the Upper Cambrian and is defined by four trilobite zones. It overlaps with the ICS-stages Guzhangian, Paibian and the lowest Jiangshanian.

The Dresbachian overlies the Middle Cambrian Albertan series, and is the lowest stage of the Upper Cambrian Croixian series, followed by the Franconian stage.  The Dresbachian extinction event, about 502 million years ago, was followed by the Cambrian–Ordovician extinction event about 486.85 million years ago.
2011 Casino Rama Curling Skins Game
The 2011 Casino Rama Curling Skins Game on TSN was held on January 22 and 23 at the Casino Rama Entertainment Centre in Rama, Ontario.  The total purse for the event was CAD$100,000.

Four teams were invited to participate. They played one semi-final each on January 22, and the winners played in the final on January 23. 
Kevin Martin's rink secured the win, taking home a total of $46,000 in a win over David Murdoch. The total winnings for the Martin rink is $57,000, while Murdoch won $25,000.

Casino Rama
Casino Rama is a large casino, hotel, and entertainment complex located in the town of Rama, Ontario, on the reserve land of the Chippewas of Rama First Nation. It is jointly owned by the Chippewas of Rama First Nation and the Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation, with operation of the casino contracted to Gateway Casinos & Entertainment Limited.

Casino Rama is Ontario's only First Nations "commercial casino" (as opposed to a lower-ranking charity casino) and the largest First Nations casino in Canada.  The casino also includes several restaurants and a hotel and spa, as well as an acclaimed theatre, the Entertainment Center, which features seats for over 5,000 people and regularly hosts top-billing international shows and artists.
1903 Kentucky University football team
The 1903 Kentucky University football team represented Kentucky University, today known as Transylvania University, during the 1903 college football season. The team claimed a championship of the south.

1903 college football season
The 1903 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Michigan and Princeton as having been selected national champions.

The season took place during an era when college football was rapidly growing in popularity, with new concrete stadiums and large crowds, but also widespread concern over injuries and the violent style of play.
Sakhi Sarwar (saint)
Sakhi Sarwar was a Punjabi Muslim Sufi saint who is believed to have lived in the Punjab region during the 12th century.

In the colonial Punjab, the shrine of Sakhi Sarwar attracted Muslim, Hindu and Sikh devotees alike and held special significance for Sikhs of Punjab. He features prominently in the Punjabi Sufism.

Punjabi Hindus
Punjabi Hindus are adherents of Hinduism who identify ethnically, linguistically, culturally, and genealogically as Punjabis and are natives of the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. Punjabi Hindus are the third-largest religious group of the Punjabi community, after the Punjabi Muslims and the Punjabi Sikhs. Punjabi Hindus mostly inhabit the Indian state of Punjab, as well as Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, and Chandigarh today, but many have ancestry across the greater Punjab region, which was partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1947.

Punjabi Hindus comprise a diverse range of castes, with the urban upper castes, particularly Khatris and Aroras, having historically played a dominant role in the region's trade, commerce, and industry. According to available demographic data, out of the Punjab state's total Hindu population of 38.5% (2011 census), Scheduled Castes constitute approximately 11%, while Other Backward Classes account for around 8.3%.
Empress of Northern Zhou
The Northern Zhou dynasty of China had nine empresses consort in its history (although the first two used the alternative title of "Heavenly Princess" (天王后, Tian Wanghou), five of whom were the wives of emperors:

Yuan Humo (r. 557), the wife of Emperor Xiaomin.

Empress Dugu (r. 558), the wife of Emperor Ming.

Empress Ashina (r. 568–578), the wife of Emperor Wu.

Yang Lihua (r. 578–579), the wife of Emperor Xuan.

Sima Lingji (r. 579–580), the wife of Emperor Jing.

Further, Emperor Xuan, after he had become retired emperor, created four of his concubines empresses as well, in contravention to the convention of having only the emperor's wife being empress:

Chen Yueyi

Yuchi Chifan

Yuan Leshang

Zhu Manyue

Emperor Xiaomin of Northern Zhou
Emperor Xiaomin of Northern Zhou ((北)周孝閔帝) (542 – c. early November 557), personal name Yuwen Jue (宇文覺), nickname Dharani (陀羅尼), was the founder of the Xianbei-led Northern Zhou dynasty of China, ruling as Heavenly Prince (Tian Wang). He was the heir of Western Wei's paramount general Yuwen Tai, and after Yuwen Tai's death in 556, his cousin Yuwen Hu, serving as his guardian, forced Emperor Gong of Western Wei to yield the throne to Yuwen Jue in spring 557, establishing Northern Zhou. Later in 557, however, Yuwen Jue, wanting to assume power personally, plotted to kill Yuwen Hu, who in turn deposed him and replaced him with his brother Yuwen Yu (Emperor Ming). Later that year, Yuwen Hu had Yuwen Jue executed.
Čakovec Hydroelectric Power Plant
Čakovec Hydroelectric Power Plant is a large hydroelectric power plant in Croatia that has four turbines with a total nominal capacity of 78 MW (unit A - 38 MW, unit B - 38 MW, unit C - 1.1 MW and unit D - 0.34 MW).

Turbine
A turbine (/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/ or /ˈtɜːrbɪn/) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.

Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.
Art Stevenson
Arthur C. Stevenson (May 30, 1916 – September 21, 2000) was an American professional football running back who played five seasons for the Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He helped the Blue Bombers to Grey Cup championships in 1939 and 1941. Stevenson was inducted into the Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 1969.

Stevenson played for the Blue Bombers while attending the University of Manitoba College of Medicine. After limited playing time in his first two seasons, he became a starter in 1939. He was the team's leading passer and also punted. He suffered a leg injury in the 1941 western finals and missed that year's Grey Cup game, which Winnipeg won. He never played again, as the following year he enlisted in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps. He also coached the 1942 Manitoba Bisons football team. In 1943, he was transferred to Ottawa and was offered a chance to play with the Ottawa Combines, but he decided to stay retired.

Manitoba Bisons football
The Manitoba Bisons football team represents the University of Manitoba in the sport of Canadian football in U Sports. The program was the first of four U Sports football teams to have won back-to-back Vanier Cup championships, having won in 1969 and 1970. In total, the Bisons have won three Vanier Cup national championships and 11 Hardy Trophy conference championships.
Brogborough
Brogborough is a village and civil parish in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England, by junction 13 of the M1 motorway.  According to the 2001, census it had a population of 343, reducing to 302 at the 2011 Census.  The village is in the Marston Vale, about 2.5 miles (4 km) east of Milton Keynes in Buckinghamshire.

For information on aspects of the archaeology and history of Brogborough see:

M1 motorway
The M1 motorway connects London to Leeds, where it joins the A1(M) near Aberford, to connect to Newcastle. It was the first inter-urban motorway to be completed in the UK; the first motorway in the country was the Preston Bypass, which later became part of the M6.

The motorway is 193 miles (311 km) long and was constructed in four phases. Most of the motorway was opened between 1959 and 1968. The southern end was extended in 1977 and the northern end was extended in 1999.

It is also the second longest motorway in the country with the M6 motorway being the longest at 232 miles (373 km).
Mountcastle & Sons
Mountcastle & Sons is an Australian hat manufacturer. The company is associated with bush hats made of rabbit fur felt with wide brims that are worn in rural Australia.

Statesman Hats is owned by Mountcastle Statesman and was established in 1972 in Western Australia. It and was bought by Mountcastle in 1995.

Trutex, an independent school uniform brand, is owned by Mountcastle.

In 2019 Mountcastle acquired LW Reid.

Felt
Felt is a textile that is produced by matting, condensing, and pressing fibers together. Felt can be made of natural fibers such as wool or animal fur, or from synthetic fibers such as petroleum-based acrylic or acrylonitrile or wood pulp–based rayon. Blended fibers are also common. Natural fiber felt has special properties that allow it to be used for a wide variety of purposes. It is "fire-retardant and self-extinguishing; it dampens vibration and absorbs sound; and it can hold large amounts of fluid without feeling wet...": 10