hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michèle Ramsay
Michèle Ramsay is a South African Professor of human genetics at the National Health Laboratory Service and the University of the Witwatersrand. Ramsay's research has investigated single-gene disorders, epigenetics, obesity and hypertension. She was the President of the African Society of Human Genetics from 2014 until 2019.

Human genetics
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.

Genes are the common factor of the qualities of most human-inherited traits. Study of human genetics can answer questions about human nature, can help understand diseases and the development of effective  treatment and help us to understand the genetics of human life. This article describes only basic features of human genetics; for the genetics of disorders please see: medical genetics.  For information on the genetics of DNA repair defects related to accelerated aging and/or increased risk of cancer please see: DNA repair-deficiency disorder.
Francisco Rabal
Francisco Rabal Valera (8 March 1926 – 29 August 2001), popularly known as Paco Rabal, was a Spanish actor. His career spanned more than 200 film and television roles, between 1942 and 2001. He received numerous accolades both in Spain and abroad, including the Cannes Film Festival's Best Actor Award and the Goya Award for Best Actor.

Rabal was best known internationally for his collaborations with director Luis Buñuel, with Ronald Bergan writing "most of his other major roles he carried the heady, perverse whiff of the great surrealist director with him." He worked with many other notable directors, including Carlos Saura, Pedro Almodóvar, William Friedkin, Michelangelo Antonioni, Claude Chabrol, Luchino Visconti, and Gillo Pontecorvo.

One of Spain's most-loved and acclaimed actors during his lifetime, he also was known for his commitment to human rights and other social causes.

Goya Award for Best Actor
The Goya Award for Best Actor (Spanish: Premio Goya a la mejor interpretación masculina protagonista) is one of the Goya Awards, Spain's principal national film awards. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding leading performance in a film.
Korea Skating Union
The Korea Skating Union (Korean: 대한빙상경기연맹; RR: Daehan Bingsang Gyeonggi Yeonmaeng) is the national governing body for the sports of figure skating, speed skating and short-track speed skating in South Korea, recognised by the International Skating Union and the Korean Sport & Olympic Committee.

Kim Ki-hoon
Kim Ki-hoon (born July 14, 1967) is a retired short-track speed skater and the first gold medalist in the Winter Olympics for South Korea. Kim is a three-time Olympic Champion and 1992 Overall World Champion.
Maches
St. Maches was a 6th-century princess and Pre-congregational saint of Cornwall and Devon. Maches was the sister of St. Cadog.

Born a daughter of Saint Gwynllyw and his wife Gwladys, Maches lived as a hermit, and was murdered by thieves, at Merthyr Maches (Llanfaches in the Kingdom of Gwent). She was buried in the monastery at Caerwent, now the parish church of St. Stephen at Caerwent, by Saint Tathan to whom the bandits had confessed the crime.

Kingdom of Gwent
Gwent (Old Welsh: Guent) was a medieval Welsh kingdom, lying between the Rivers Wye and Usk. It existed from the end of Roman rule in Britain in about the 5th century until the Norman invasion of Wales in the 11th century. Along with its neighbour Glywysing, it seems to have had a great deal of cultural continuity with the earlier Silures, keeping their own courts and diocese separate from the rest of Wales until their conquest by Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. Although it recovered its independence after his death in 1063, Gwent was the first of the Welsh kingdoms to be overrun following the Norman conquest.
60mm HVMS
The 60mm HVMS (High Velocity Medium Support) gun is a self-loading autocannon jointly developed by IMI Systems of Israel and OTO Melara of Italy. It was designed to be mounted on light armoured vehicles to provide an anti-armour capability using high-velocity sub-calibre kinetic ammunition.

Anti-tank warfare
Anti-tank warfare refers to the military strategies, tactics, and weapon systems designed to counter and destroy enemy armored vehicles, particularly tanks. It originated during World War I following the first deployment of tanks in 1916, and has since become a fundamental component of land warfare doctrine. Over time, anti-tank warfare has evolved to include a wide range of systems, from handheld infantry weapons and anti-tank guns to guided missiles and air-delivered munitions.

Anti-tank warfare evolved rapidly during World War II, leading to infantry-portable weapons.

Through the Cold War of 1947–1991, the United States, anti-tank weapons have also been upgraded in number and performance.

Since the end of the Cold War in 1992, new threats to tanks and other armored vehicles have included remotely detonated improvised explosive devices (IEDs).

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, drones and loitering munitions have attacked and destroyed tanks.
Isaac Folkoff
Isaac "Pop" Folkoff (also known as "Volkov", "Folconoff", and "Uncle"; 1881 – March 27, 1975), was a senior founding member of the Communist Party of California and West Coast liaison between Soviet intelligence and the Communist Party USA (CPUSA).

Chronology of Soviet secret police agencies
There were a succession of Soviet secret police agencies over time. The Okhrana was abolished by the Provisional government after the first revolution of 1917, and the first secret police after the October Revolution, created by Vladimir Lenin's decree on December 20, 1917, was called "Cheka" (ЧК). Officers were referred to as "chekists", a name that is still informally applied to people under the Federal Security Service of Russia, the KGB's successor in Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

For most agencies listed here, secret policing operations were only part of their function; for instance, the KGB was both a secret police and an intelligence agency.
Princess Turandot (film)
Princess Turandot (German: Prinzessin Turandot) is a 1934 German comedy film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Käthe von Nagy and Willy Fritsch. A separate French-language version, Turandot, Princess of China, was also released.

The script is by Thea von Harbou. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Berlin. The film sets were designed by the art directors Robert Herlth and Walter Röhrig. The music was by Franz Doelle with song lyrics by Bruno Balz and C. Amberg (including the opening Turandot, bezaubernde Turandot - 'enchanting Turandot'), and the sound engineer was Dr. Fritz Seidel.

Gerhard Lamprecht
Gerhard Lamprecht (6 October 1897 – 4 May 1974) was a German film director, screenwriter and film historian. He directed 63 films between 1920 and 1958. He also wrote for 26 films between 1918 and 1958.
Sweet Kitty Bellairs (1916 film)
Sweet Kitty Bellairs is a 1916 American silent romantic comedy film based on the 1903 play Sweet Kitty Bellairs by David Belasco. Belasco's play was based on the 1900 novel The Bath Comedy, by Agnes and Egerton Castle, which also served as source material for the 1916 silent film. Belasco's play was a huge Broadway success for lead actress Henrietta Crosman. The film version stars Mae Murray and was directed by James Young.

James Young (director)
James Young (January 1, 1872 – June 9, 1948) was an American film director, actor, and screenwriter of the silent era. Before films, Young had a successful career as a stage actor appearing on Broadway and throughout the country, and was the author of a notable 1905 book on theatrical makeup. Young directed more than 90 films between 1912 and 1928. He also appeared as an actor in 60 films between 1909 and 1917.

His first wife was librettist Rida Johnson Young who often composed with Victor Herbert. His second wife was film actress Clara Kimball Young, 18 years his junior, who kept his surname after they divorced.

James Young died in New York City on June 9, 1948.
Acrobasis coryliella
Acrobasis coryliella is a species of snout moth in the genus Acrobasis. It was described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1908, and is known from the eastern United States.

There is one generation per year.

The larvae feed on Corylus species.

Hazel
Hazels are plants of the genus Corylus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The genus is usually placed in the birch family, Betulaceae, though some botanists split the hazels (with the hornbeams and allied genera) into a separate family Corylaceae. The fruit of the hazel is the hazelnut.
David Checa
David Checa Carrera (born 20 April 1980) is a Spanish professional motorcycle road racer. He is four time FIM Endurance World Champion, winning the title in 2004, 2014, 2016–17 and 2018–19. In 2016 he was the French Superbike Champion. He previously competed for two years in the Superbike World Championship. He currently competes in the FIM Endurance World Championship aboard a Kawasaki ZX-10R and the RFME Superstock 1000 Championship aboard a Yamaha YZF-R1. He's a triple winner of the 24 Hours Moto of Le Mans endurance race, in 2005 and 2017 on Yamaha and in 2019 with Kawasaki. He also won the Bol d'Or 24-hour motorcycle endurance race twice on Circuit Paul Ricard. In 2007 and 2017 both on a Yamaha.

Circuit Paul Ricard
The Circuit Paul Ricard (French pronunciation: [siʁkɥi pɔl ʁikaʁ]) is a French motorsport race track built in 1969 at Le Castellet, Var, near Marseille, with finance from pastis magnate Paul Ricard. Ricard wanted to experience the challenge of building a racetrack. The circuit has hosted the FIA Formula One French Grand Prix intermittently from 1971 to 2022.
Eddie Collins (miner)
J. T.  Eddie Collins (1894–1972) was a Yorkshire Miner, labour activist and local councillor. He was particularly active at Denaby Main, where he was for many years branch secretary of the Miners Union there.

Eddie was born at Wombwell, a mining village near Barnsley. His father was a sinker at Cadeby Main Colliery in the 1900s, and the family moved to Denaby Main. Eddie had aspirations to be a school teacher, but after failing the relevant exams he started work at Cadeby Main colliery, transferring to Denaby Main in 1911. However he did enrol in classes with the Workers Educational Association where he was taught by Arnold Freeman.

Arnold Freeman
Arnold James Freeman (24 March 1886 – 8 March 1972) was a British writer, philosopher, anthroposophist, adult educator, actor, director, Fabian Socialist, Labour Party candidate and co-founder of the anthroposophical magazine, The Golden Blade. He was the founder and first Warden of the Sheffield Educational Settlement.
American Ninja Warrior Junior
American Ninja Warrior Junior  is an American sports competition reality show on Universal Kids that premiered in 2018. It is the children's edition of American Ninja Warrior and American Ninja Warrior: Ninja vs. Ninja, which themselves are based on the Japanese game show Sasuke. As with the rest of the franchise, the series is produced by A. Smith & Co. In May 2021, it was announced that the third season would be moving to Peacock. The show planned to return for a fourth season in February 2023, but after a series of delays, the show was cancelled.

Japanese variety show
A Japanese variety  show is an entertainment television program made up of a variety of original stunts, musical performances, comedy skits, quiz contests, and other acts. Japanese variety shows are characterized by an eccentric, fast-paced style and are typically scheduled during prime television-time for entertainment. They usually feature a variety of tarento hosts, presenters and guests that include celebrities, comedians, J-pop Idols.
Resuscitation
Resuscitation is the process of correcting physiological disorders (such as lack of breathing or heartbeat) in an acutely ill patient.  It is an important part of intensive care medicine, anesthesiology, trauma surgery and emergency medicine.  Well-known examples are cardiopulmonary resuscitation and mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

Adequate resuscitation and end-organ perfusion is best indicated by urine output of 0.5-1 mL/kg/h. For the average adult male weighing ~70 kg this would mean a urine output of 35 mL/h (70 x 0.5 = 35 mL/h). Heart rate, mental status, and capillary refill may be affected by underlying disease processes and are thus less reliable markers for adequate resuscitation.

Acute (medicine)
In medicine, describing a disease as acute denotes that it is of recent onset; it occasionally denotes a short duration. The quantification of how much time constitutes "short" and "recent" varies by disease and by context, but the core denotation of "acute" is always qualitatively in contrast with "chronic", which denotes long-lasting disease (for example, in acute leukaemia and chronic leukaemia).

In the context of the mass noun "acute disease", it refers to the acute phase (that is, a short course) of any disease entity. For example, in an article on ulcerative enteritis in poultry, the author says, "in acute disease there may be increased mortality without any obvious signs", referring to the acute form or phase of ulcerative enteritis.
Hohenecken Castle
Hohenecken Castle (German: Burg Hohenecken) (MHG: buorch hônecke) is the ruin of a spur castle from the Hohenstaufen era on the Schlossberg hill above the Kaiserslautern ward of Hohenecken in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is located at an elevation of 363 m above sea level (NN).

Spur castle
A spur castle is a type of medieval fortification that is sited on a spur of a hill or mountain for defensive purposes. Ideally, it would be protected on three sides by steep hillsides; the only vulnerable side being that where the spur joins the hill from which it projects. By contrast, a ridge castle is only protected by steep terrain on two sides.
Guardians of the Free Republics
Guardians of the Free Republics, active around 2010, was a group based in the U.S. state of Texas regarded as being part of the sovereign citizen movement. The group was associated with Sam Kennedy (whose real name is Glenn Richard Unger), a talk-show host, and with Clive Boustred, a British-born conspiracy theorist living in California. The group was described as having an anti-government ideology.

Anti-statism
Anti-statism is an approach to social, economic or political philosophy that opposes the influence of the state over society. It emerged in reaction to the formation of modern sovereign states, which anti-statists considered to work against the interests of the people. During the 19th century, anarchists formulated a critique of the state that upheld the inherently cooperative and decentralised aspects of human society. In the 20th century, anti-state neoliberals sought to cut state investment in the public sector and expand investment in the private sector. Other anti-state social movements sought to overthrow states through guerrilla warfare or limit states by establishing autonomous local institutions.
1966 Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla general election
General elections were held in Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla on 25 July 1966. The result was a victory for the Saint Kitts-Nevis-Anguilla Labour Party, which won seven of the ten seats. Voter turnout was 70%.

The elections were the first that the People's Action Movement (PAM) contested, having been founded the year before.

Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (or Saint Christopher, Nevis, and Anguilla) was a British colony in the West Indies from 1882 to 1983, consisting of the islands of Anguilla (until 1980), Nevis, and Saint Christopher (or Saint Kitts). From 1882 to 1951, and again from 1980, the colony was known simply as Saint Christopher and Nevis. Saint Christopher and Nevis gained independence in 1983 as the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, while Anguilla remains a British overseas territory.
Jurdan Martitegi
Jurdan Martitegi Lizaso (born May 10, 1980, in Durango, Vizcaya, Spain) is a member of the armed Basque nationalist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA). He is best known as the head of the military/commando unit of the group since late 2008 until April 18, 2009, when he was arrested by French police. He is considered to be one of the most dangerous members of ETA, considered a terrorist organization by the European Union, with police describing him as "extremely violent".

He gained prominence in the military section of ETA by leading the 'commando Vizcaya' (Biscay Command) after the 2006 ceasefire along with Arkaitz Goikoetxea and rose to the highest level of ETA's military leadership following the December 2008 arrest of Aitzol Iriondo alias Gurbita who had replaced Miguel de Garikoitz Aspiazu Rubina alias Txeroki, arrested less than a month before.

Basque nationalism
Basque nationalism (Basque: eusko abertzaletasuna [eus̺ko abeɾts̻aletas̺una]; Spanish: nacionalismo vasco; French: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today split between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included movements supportive of Basque independence.

Basque nationalism, spanning three different regions in two states (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, and the French Basque Country in France), is "irredentist in nature" as it favours political unification of all the Basque-speaking provinces.
54th Baeksang Arts Awards
The 54th Baeksang Arts Awards (Korean: 제54회 백상예술대상) ceremony was held on May 3, 2018, at Hall D, COEX in Seoul. Hosted by Shin Dong-yup, Bae Suzy and Park Bo-gum, it was broadcast live on JTBC. Organised by Ilgan Sports and JTBC Plus, it is South Korea's only awards ceremony which recognises excellence in both film and television.

The highest honors of the night, Grand Prize (Daesang), were awarded to the film 1987: When the Day Comes in the film division and the drama series Stranger in the television division.

JTBC
JTBC (shortened from Joongang Tongyang Broadcasting Company; Korean: 제이티비씨; stylized in all lowercase) is a South Korean nationwide pay television network. Its primary shareholder is JoongAng Holdings, with a 25% stake. It was launched on December 1, 2011. JTBC is a generalist channel, with programming consisting of television series, variety shows, and news broadcasting; its news division is held in similar regard to the three main terrestrial networks in South Korea.

In 2011, JTBC was one of four new South Korean nationwide generalist cable TV networks alongside The Dong-A Ilbo's Channel A, The Chosun Ilbo's TV Chosun and Maeil Business Newspaper's MBN. They serve as supplementary networks to the existing conventional free-to-air TV networks like KBS, MBC, SBS and other smaller channels launched following deregulation in 1990.
Aultman, Pennsylvania
Aultman is an unincorporated community in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located along Pennsylvania Route 286 7 miles (11 km) southwest of Indiana. Aultman had a post office until it closed on September 28, 2002; it still has its own ZIP code, 15713.

Indiana, Pennsylvania
Indiana is a borough in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. The population was 14,044 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Indiana, Pennsylvania micropolitan area, about 46 miles (74 km) northeast of Pittsburgh. It is a part of the greater Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area, as well as the Johnstown and Pittsburgh media markets.

The borough and the region as a whole promote itself as the "Christmas Tree Capital of the World" because the national Christmas Tree Growers Association was founded there. There are still many Christmas tree farms in the area. The largest employer in the borough today is Indiana University of Pennsylvania, the second-largest of 14 PASSHE schools in the state.
1995 Masters (snooker)
The 1995 Masters (officially the 1995 Benson & Hedges Masters) is a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 5 and 12 February 1995 at the Wembley Conference Centre in London, England.

The wild-card players were John Higgins, who had won the 1994 Grand Prix, and Mark Williams, who won the 1994 Benson & Hedges Championship. Both of them were 19 years old. Higgins went on to reach the final.

Ronnie O'Sullivan defeated Higgins 9–3 in the final to become the youngest ever Masters champion aged 19 years and 69 days. This still remains a record. Stephen Hendry meanwhile failed to make the final for the first time in his Masters career, losing to Peter Ebdon 4–5 in the quarter-finals.

Alan McManus
Alan McManus (born 21 January 1971) is a Scottish retired professional snooker player, and a current commentator and pundit for ITV, BBC and TNT on snooker coverage. A mainstay of the world's top sixteen during the 1990s and 2000s, he has won two ranking events, the 1994 Dubai Classic and the 1996 Thailand Open, and competed in the World Championship semi-finals in 1992, 1993 and 2016. He also won the 1994 Masters, ending Stephen Hendry's five-year, 23-match unbeaten streak at the tournament with a 9–8 victory in the final. McManus announced his retirement on 9 April 2021 after losing 6–3 to Bai Langning in the second qualifying round of the 2021 World Snooker Championship.
Hakozaki Line
The Hakozaki Line (箱崎線, Hakozaki-sen) is a subway line, which forms part of the Fukuoka City Subway system in Fukuoka, Japan. It connects Nakasu-Kawabata in Hakata Ward with Kaizuka in Higashi Ward, all within Fukuoka. The line's color on maps is blue. Officially, the line is called Line 2 (Hakozaki Line) (2号線(箱崎線), Ni-gō-sen (Hakozaki-sen)). Like other lines on the subway system, stations are equipped with automatic platform gates, and trains are automatically operated by an ATO system.

Higashi-ku, Fukuoka
Higashi-ku (東区) is one of the seven wards of Fukuoka in Japan. As of 1 March 2012, it has a population of 296,576, with 136,133 households, and an area of 66.68 km2. Its name literally means "east ward".

Kashii is in this ward. It is south of neighbouring Shingū, Fukuoka. The Shika Island is connected to Umi no Nakamichi by a bridge.

The annual Fukuoka International Cross Country meeting takes place in this ward.
Gustav von Rohden
Gustav von Rohden (22 April 1855 in Barmen – 9 May 1942 in Ballenstedt) was a German clergyman and the author of books on various social issues (the welfare of former prisoners, sexual ethics, etc.).

From 1882 he served as a pastor in Helsingfors (Helsinki), Finland. After returning to Germany, he worked as a prison chaplain in Dortmund (from 1895). Beginning in 1908 he held the position of Konsistorialrat in Berlin, and in 1912 became a pastor in the town of Spören, near Bitterfeld. From 1919 to 1923 he was director of the Frauenschule der Inneren Mission (Women's School of the Inner Mission) in Berlin.

He was the son of theologian Ludwig von Rohden (1815–1889) and the brother of archaeologist Hermann von Rohden (1852–1916) and historian Paul von Rohden (1862–1939).

Barmen
Barmen is a former industrial metropolis of the region of Bergisches Land, Germany, which merged with four other towns in 1929 to form the city of Wuppertal.

Barmen, together with the neighbouring town of Elberfeld founded the first electric suspended monorail tramway system, the Schwebebahn floating tram.