hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eric Menk
Eric Conrad Padua Menk (born August 24, 1974) is a Filipino-American former professional basketball player who played in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA) and the ASEAN Basketball League. Known as Major Pain, Menk is a four-time PBA champion and was the 2004–05 PBA Most Valuable Player.

Menk had played for the Barangay Ginebra franchise for twelve seasons before being waived and signed by the San Miguel Beermen of the ASEAN Basketball League. He was eventually picked up by the Aces of the PBA, playing for them for two seasons before retiring.

Alaska Aces (PBA)
The Alaska Aces were a professional basketball team in the Philippine Basketball Association since 1986 under the ownership of Alaska Milk Corporation (AMC) and the owner of 14 PBA championships, tied with the Magnolia Hotshots for the third-most titles overall. They were one of the most popular teams in the league and the Philippines.

The Aces won nine PBA championships in the 1990s, including a rare grand slam (winning three championships in one season) during the 1996 season, joining the Crispa Redmanizers (1976, 1983), San Miguel Beermen (1989), and the San Mig Super Coffee Mixers (2013–14) as one of only four franchises to achieve the feat.

The Aces last tournament was the 2021 PBA Governors' Cup where they were eliminated by the NLEX Road Warriors in the quarterfinal round in March 2022. The franchise was bought by Converge ICT on March 23, 2022, to become the Converge FiberXers.

The team, like the company which owns it, has no connection to the US state of Alaska.
Motorcycle Grand Prix of the Americas
The Motorcycle Grand Prix of the Americas is a motorcycling event that is part of the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing season that takes place at Circuit of the Americas.  It became the third MotoGP round in the United States, alongside the Indianapolis Grand Prix at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway (which lost its place on the calendar in 2015), and the United States Grand Prix at Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca (which lost its place on the calendar in 2014).

The 2020 race was cancelled due to the outbreak of COVID-19.

Laguna Seca
Laguna Seca Raceway (branded as WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca, and previously Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca for sponsorship reasons) is a paved road racing track on the Central Coast of California used for both auto racing and motorcycle racing, built in 1957 near both Salinas and Monterey, California, United States.

The racetrack is 2.238 mi (3.602 km) long, with a 180 ft (55 m) elevation change. Its eleven turns are highlighted by the circuit's signature turn, the downhill-plunging "Corkscrew" at Turns 8 and 8A. A variety of racing, exhibition, and entertainment events are held at the raceway, ranging from superkarts to sports car racing to music festivals. Laguna Seca is classified as an FIA Grade Two circuit.

The name Laguna Seca is Spanish for dry lake:  the area where the track now lies was once a lake, and the course was built around the dry lake bed. After the course was reconfigured, two artificial ponds were added.
Plumsted Township School District
The Plumsted Township School District is a comprehensive community public school district that educates students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Plumsted Township, in Ocean County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the district, comprised of three schools, had an enrollment of 1,192 students and 95.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.5:1.

New Jersey Department of Education
The New Jersey Department of Education (NJ DOE) administers state and federal aid programs affecting more than 1.4 million public and non-public elementary and secondary school children in the state of New Jersey. The department is headquartered in the Judge Robert L. Carter Building in Trenton.
Smiley face curve
A smiley face curve or mid scoop in audio signal processing is a target frequency response curve characterized by boosted low and high frequencies coupled with reduced midrange frequency power. This curve is often attained by users employing a graphic equalizer, which shows a graphic representation of a "smile" using its frequency band faders to form a curve that sweeps upwards at each end of the frequency spectrum.
Smiley face curves have been popular with some car audio enthusiasts, disc jockeys, electric bass players, home stereo owners and sound reinforcement operators. Though the graphic equalizer was intended to tailor a system's response to compensate for venue and performance conditions, the smiley face curve is sometimes applied as a purely stylistic effect.

Audio signal processing
Audio signal processing is a subfield of signal processing that is concerned with the electronic manipulation of audio signals. Audio signals are electronic representations of sound waves—longitudinal waves which travel through air, consisting of compressions and rarefactions. The energy contained in audio signals or sound power level is typically measured in decibels.  As audio signals may be represented in either digital or analog format, processing may occur in either domain.  Analog processors operate directly on the electrical signal, while digital processors operate mathematically on its digital representation.
Lebesgue's number lemma
In topology, the Lebesgue covering lemma is a useful tool in the study of compact metric spaces.

Given an open cover of a compact metric space , a Lebesgue's number of the cover is a number  such that every subset of  having diameter less than  is contained in some member of the cover.

The existence of Lebesgue's numbers for compact metric spaces is given by the Lebesgue's covering lemma:

If the metric space  is compact and an open cover of  is given, then the cover admits some Lebesgue's number .

The notion of Lebesgue's numbers itself is useful in other applications as well.

Subset
In mathematics, a set A is a subset of a set B if and only if all elements of A are also elements of B; B is then a superset of A. It is possible for A and B to be equal; if they are unequal, then A is a proper subset of B. The relationship of one set being a subset of another is called inclusion (or sometimes containment). A is a subset of B may also be expressed as B includes (or contains) A or A is included (or contained) in B. A k-subset is a subset with k elements.

When quantified,  is represented as

One can prove the statement  by applying a proof technique known as the element argument:

Let sets A and B be given. To prove that 
suppose that a is a particular but arbitrarily chosen element of A
show that a is an element of B.

The validity of this technique can be seen as a consequence of universal generalization: the technique shows  for an arbitrarily chosen element c. Universal generalisation then implies  which is equivalent to  as stated above.
Kaźmierzewo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kaźmierzewo [kaʑmʲɛˈʐɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barwice, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Barwice, 27 km (17 mi) west of Szczecinek, and 121 km (75 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 80.

Barwice
Barwice [barˈvʲit͡sɛ] (German: Bärwalde) is a town in north-western Poland, in West Pomeranian Voivodship, in Szczecinek County. It is the seat of Gmina Barwice. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 3,627.
Luvuyo Memela
Luvuyo Memela (born 18 September 1987 in Cape Town) is a South African professional soccer player.

Memela made his international debut for South Africa in October 2015, playing home and away against Angola. In August 2022, he played during the 2022 African Nations Championship qualification, again facing Angola.

After being released from Chippa United in 2024, Memela found himself without a club. He claimed that South African soccer clubs were age discriminating.

2022 African Nations Championship qualification
The 2022 African Nations Championship qualification was a men's football competition which decided the participating teams of the 2022 African Nations Championship. Only national team players who were playing in their country's own domestic league were eligible to compete in the tournament.

A total of 18 teams qualified to play in the final tournament, including Algeria which qualified automatically as hosts.
Peele
Persons with the surname Peele include:

Amanda E. Peele (1903–1978), American biologist

Beverly Peele (b. 1975), fashion model

George Peele (1556-1596), the English dramatist

John Thomas Peele (1822-1897), British painter

Jordan Peele (b. 1979), filmmaker, comedian, and actor

Randy Peele (b. 1957), basketball coach

Stanton Peele (b. 1946), author of books about addiction

William Walter Peele (1881-1959), American Methodist Bishop

William Walter Peele
William Walter Peele was an American bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and The Methodist Church, elected to said office in 1938.  He also gained notability as a college professor, a pastor, and as the president of the Council of Bishops of his denomination.  Bishop Peele was one of the last eight bishops elected by the M.E. Church, South (at the final General Conference of this denomination).
Muffles Junior College
Muffles Junior College is a Catholic junior university college, located in Orange Walk District, Belize. Established in 1954 by the Society of Jesus, the college has been administered by the Sisters of Mercy since 1967.

University college
In a number of countries, a university college is a college institution that provides tertiary education but does not have full or independent university status. A university college is often part of a larger university. The precise usage varies from country to country.
Several institutions worldwide take this name (see: list of university colleges).
USS Crossbill
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Crossbill, after the crossbill, a finch whose curved mandibles cross each other.

USS Crossbill (AMc-9), acquired by the Navy on 31 October 1940.

USS Crossbill (AMS-45), laid down, 23 August 1941.

USS Crossbill (AMS-45)
USS Crossbill (MSC(O)-45/AMS-45/YMS-120) was a YMS-1-class minesweeper built for the United States Navy during World War II. She was the second U.S. Navy ship to be named for the crossbill.

Crossbill was laid down as YMS-120 on 23 August 1941 by Harbor Boat Building Co. of Terminal Island, California; launched 4 April 1942 and completed on 1 August 1942.

YMS-120 was renamed and reclassified Crossbill (AMS-45) on 1 September 1947. Crossbill was reclassified as coastal minesweeper MSC(O)-45 on 7 February 1955, and was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 November 1959. Her fate is unknown.
Lectionary 83
Lectionary 83, designated by siglum ℓ 83 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th-century. 
Scrivener dated it to the 11th-century.

Scribal abbreviation
Scribal abbreviations, or sigla (singular: siglum), are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse.

In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanical) sigla are the symbols used to indicate the source manuscript (e.g. variations in text between different such manuscripts).
Peggy White
Peggy Howe White (November 8, 1924 – 1997) was an American pioneer in women's squash.

She was born in Natick, Massachusetts to William Francis Howe and Margaret Howe, a squash pioneer and acclaimed founder of The Howe Cup. Her twin sister Betty Constable also went on to be a champion.

White won the national championship in 1952 and 1953.

Peggy married Robert White in the 1950s and together they had two sons and one daughter. They spent their married life in Rochester, NY until retirement in Nantucket, Massachusetts. She died in Lutherville, MD in 1997 and is buried in Nantucket.

Lutherville, Maryland
Lutherville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 6,835. Prior to 2010 the area was part of the Lutherville-Timonium CDP. Within its borders lies the Lutherville Historic District.
Kintrishi Strict Nature Reserve
Kintrishi Strict Nature Reserve (Georgian: კინტრიშის სახელმწიფო ნაკრძალი) is a protected area in Kobuleti Municipality, Adjara region of Georgia in the upper part of the Kintrishi River at an altitude of 300–2,500 meters above sea level  between the village of Tskhemvani (Tskhemlovana) and Khino Mountain in the Meskheti Range. It was established in 1959 to preserve relict humid forests and wetlands, in addition to its high number  of endemic and threatened flora and fauna. Because of the ancient forests and high biodiversity within the nature reserve, it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2021 as part of the Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands site.

Euxine–Colchic broadleaf forests
The Euxine–Colchic broadleaf forests is an ecoregion of temperate broadleaf and mixed forests along the southern shore of the Black Sea. The ecoregion extends along the thin coastal strip from the southeastern corner of Bulgaria in the west, across the northern coast of Turkey, to Georgia in the east, where it wraps around the eastern end of the Black Sea.
C. L. James
Charles Leigh James (October 23, 1846 – June 3, 1911) was an American anarchist writer and journalist. He regularly contributed pieces to the anarchist press, including to Mother Earth, Lucifer the Lightbearer, Free Society, The Alarm, and Liberty.

Mother Earth (magazine)
Mother Earth was an American anarchist journal that described itself as "A Monthly Magazine Devoted to Social Science and Literature". Founded in early 1906 and initially edited by Emma Goldman, an activist in the United States, it published articles by contemporary activists and writers in Europe as well as the US, in addition to essays by historic figures.
Dynasty (1981 TV series) season 2
The second season of Dynasty originally aired in the United States on ABC from November 11, 1981, through May 5, 1982. The series, created by Richard and Esther Shapiro and produced by Aaron Spelling, revolves around the Carringtons, a wealthy family residing in Denver, Colorado.

Season two stars John Forsythe as millionaire oil magnate Blake Carrington; Linda Evans as his wife Krystle; Pamela Sue Martin as Blake and Alexis' headstrong daughter Fallon; Al Corley as Blake and Alexis' earnest son Steven; John James as Fallon's ex-husband Jeff Colby; Lloyd Bochner as Jeff's uncle, Cecil Colby; Pamela Bellwood as Claudia Blaisdel, the widow of Krystle's former lover; Heather Locklear as Krystle's troublemaking niece Sammy Jo; Lee Bergere as Carrington majordomo Joseph Anders; and James Farentino as psychologist Dr. Nicholas Toscanni. The season also introduced Joan Collins as Alexis Carrington, Blake's ex-wife and the mother of Fallon and Steven.

Jeff Colby
Jeffrey Broderick "Jeff" Colby is a fictional character on the ABC prime time soap opera Dynasty, created by Richard and Esther Shapiro. Portrayed by John James, Jeff Colby was introduced in the show's first episode in 1981 and appeared as a series regular for six seasons until transferring to the spin-off companion series, The Colbys. The character returned to Dynasty upon the cancellation of The Colbys in 1987 and remained with the series until its final episode in 1989. James later reprised his role for the 1991 miniseries, Dynasty: The Reunion.

In The CW's 2017 Dynasty reboot, Jeff is portrayed by Sam Adegoke. In this series, Jeff is the brother of Monica Colby (Wakeema Hollis) and the son of Cesil Colby (Hakeem Kae-Kazim) and Dominique Deveraux (Michael Michele), who is the half-sister of Blake Carrington (Grant Show).
Thirty One (Jarryd James album)
Thirty One is the debut studio album by Australian singer-songwriter, Jarryd James. It debuted at number 2 on the Australian ARIA Chart in September 2015.

At the J Awards of 2015, the album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year.

Do You Remember (Jarryd James song)
"Do You Remember" is the debut single released from Australian singer-songwriter Jarryd James. The song was written and produced by Jarryd James and Joel Little (who had previously worked with Broods and Lorde). It was released digitally on 30 January 2015. "Do You Remember" debuted at number 44 on the ARIA Singles Chart and peaked at number 2 in its fifth week on the chart. It peaked at number 1 on the AIR chart.

A black and white video was released on YouTube on 8 March 2015.

A remix EP was released on 12 February 2016.

At the Queensland Music Awards of 2016, "Do You Remember" won Highest Selling Single.
Francesco Loredan
Francesco Loredan (Italian: [franˈtʃesko loreˈdan], Venetian: [fɾaŋˈtʃesko loɾeˈdaŋ]; 9 February 1685 – 19 May 1762) was a Venetian statesman and magnate who served as the 116th Doge of Venice from 18 March 1752 until his death in 1762. He was a member of the noble House of Loredan, head of its Santo Stefano branch, and the only Doge, as well as the last male, to be awarded the Golden Rose by the Papacy.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Newark Academy
Newark Academy is a coeducational private day school located in Livingston, Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, serving students in sixth through twelfth grades.

It was the first school in New Jersey to offer the International Baccalaureate (IB) program. The school receives about 650 applicants for 115 spots, an acceptance rate of 17%. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1928.

As of the 2021–22 school year, the school had an enrollment of 654 students and 78.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 8.3:1. The school's student body was 43.4% (284) White, 30.0% (196) Asian, 11.8% (77) two or more races, 10.1% (66) Black, 4.6% (30) Hispanic and 0.2% (1) Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander.

Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools
The Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools (also referred to as the Middle States Association or MSA) is an accreditor in the United States. Historically, it has accredited schools in the Mid-Atlantic states region of the Northeastern United States. The peer-based, Philadelphia-based non-profit association was founded in 1887. It is a voluntary organization that performs peer evaluation and regional accreditation of public and private schools (including parochial / religious-owned and independent secular schools).

The association has two commissions, the Middle States Commission on Elementary Schools (MSCES) and Middle States Commission on Secondary Schools (MSCSS). A higher education commission, the Middle States Commission on Higher Education (MSCHE), operates completely independently of the other two commissions. MSCSS also accredits some institutions that offer postsecondary education but only those that do not confer academic degrees or offer technical programs.
Coetzee Bester
Ben Coetzee Bester is a South African academic and former politician who represented the National Party (NP) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999, having gained election to his seat in the 1994 general election. Thereafter he embarked on an academic career in information science.

Bester had previously completed an undergraduate degree in anthropology, and after leaving Parliament he completed a master's degree in information science (in 1999), and a doctorate in information science from the University of Pretoria (in 2018). He subsequently served as director for the African Center of Excellence for Information Ethics at the University of Pretoria and chaired the South African chapter of UNESCO's Information for All Programme. He is Afrikaans.

Information science
Information science (abbreviated as infosci) is an academic field that is primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination, and protection of information. Practitioners within and outside the field engage in the study of knowledge application and usage in organizations. Additionally, they examine the interaction between people, organizations, and any existing information systems. The objective of this study is to create, replace, improve, or understand the information systems.
Jack McAuliffe (boxer)
Jack McAuliffe (March 24, 1866 – November 5, 1937) was an Irish boxer who fought mostly out of Williamsburg, Brooklyn. Nicknamed "The Napoleon of the Ring," McAuliffe is one of only fifteen world boxing champions to retire without a loss. He was the first boxer to hold the World Lightweight championship from 1886 to 1893. He was the first European boxer to retire as an undefeated World Champion.

He was inducted into The Ring Boxing Hall of Fame in 1954 and the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1995.

The Ring magazine Hall of Fame
The Ring magazine was established in 1922. In 1954, the magazine established its own boxing Hall of Fame and inducted 155 members before it was abandoned after the 1987 inductions. Boxing inductions continue through the International Boxing Hall of Fame. 142 members of the old The Ring magazine Hall of Fame have been elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame since 1990. The 13 members who have yet to be elected to the International Boxing Hall of Fame are listed below, with their year of induction into The Ring's Boxing Hall of Fame:

Modern Group

1973 – Gus Lesnevich

1977 – Ceferino Garcia

1977 – Yoshio Shirai

Old-Timers

1976 – Jimmy Britt

1978 – Peter Maher

1982 – Harry Jeffra

Pioneers

1962 – Ned Price

1964 – Sam Collyer

1968 – Jacob Hyer

1971 – Nobby Clark

1972 – Tom Chandler

Non-Participant

1977 – Dan Daniel

Others

1954 – Bob Fitzsimmons

1956 – George Dixon
Altcar Novices' Chase
The Altcar Novices' Chase was a Grade 2 National Hunt steeplechase in Great Britain which was open to horses aged five years or above. It is run at Haydock Park over a distance of about 2 miles and 4 furlongs (2 miles 3 furlongs and 203 yards, or 4,099 metres), and during its running there are seventeen fences to be jumped. The race is for novice chasers, and it was scheduled to take place each year in January.

The race was first run in 1996.  Between 2000 and 2005, the race was run over a distance of 2 miles and 6 furlongs, before being switched back to its current distance in 2006. From 2012 to 2016, it was run under various sponsored titles.

In April 2023 the British Horseracing Authority announced the removal of the race from the 2023/24 programme.

Novice (racehorse)
A novice in horse racing is an inexperienced racehorse which has not run in a certain number of races of a particular type, or not won in such races. The definition of a novice is determined by the horse racing authority in a particular country or area.