hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Post Office of Cuba
The Post Office of Cuba (Spanish: Correos de Cuba) is the official state-owned Post office and Courier service of Cuba. Postal service in Cuba dates back to January 30, 1494, when Christopher Columbus sent the first international letter from Cuba. In 2024, the Post Office established its first package delivery service, in order to consolidate the competition between government and corporate shipping businesses in Cuba, such as DHL.

Cuba portal

Caribbean portal

Islands portal

Letter (message)
A letter is a written message conveyed from one person (or group of people) to another through a medium. Something epistolary means that it is a form of letter writing. The term usually excludes written material intended to be read in its original form by large numbers of people, such as newspapers and placards, although even these may include material in the form of an "open letter". The typical form of a letter for many centuries, and the archetypal concept even today, is a sheet (or several sheets) of paper that is sent to a correspondent through a postal system. A letter can be formal or informal, depending on its audience and purpose. Besides being a means of communication and a store of information, letter writing has played a role in the reproduction of writing as an art throughout history. Letters have been sent since antiquity and are mentioned in the Iliad. Historians Herodotus and Thucydides mention and use letters in their writings.
Aaron Sheehan (hurler)
Aaron Sheehan (born 1994) is an Irish hurler who plays for London Championship club Kilburn Gaels and at inter-county level with the London senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a right corner-forward.

London GAA
The London County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) or London GAA is one of the county boards outside Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in London. The county board is also responsible for the London county teams and schools.

The county football team compete in the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship on an annual basis, the only English-based team to do so. They participate in the Connacht Senior Football Championship, as the Irish community in London is considered as part of the province of Connacht.

The county hurling team competed in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, but having been relegated during the preliminary group stage of the Leinster Championship in the 2014 season, the team currently plays in the third tier Christy Ring Cup.
Giuseppe Carleo
Giuseppe Carleo (born 1984) is an Italian physicist. He is a professor of computational physics at EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) and the head of the Laboratory of Computational Quantum Science.

Computational physics
Computational physics is the study and implementation of numerical analysis to solve problems in physics. Historically, computational physics was the first application of modern computers in science, and is now a subset of computational science. It is sometimes regarded as a subdiscipline (or offshoot) of theoretical physics, but others consider it an intermediate branch between theoretical and experimental physics — an area of study which supplements both theory and experiment.
Bidens populifolia
Bidens populifolia, the Oʻahu beggarticks or poplar-leaved bidens,  is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It belongs to the genus Bidens, collectively called kokoʻolau or koʻokoʻolau in the Hawaiian language. It is found only in the Koʻolau Range on Oʻahu.

Its natural habitat are montane tropical moist forests, tropical moist shrubland, and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss due to the spread of invasive weeds and overgrazing.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
Eugene Station (Lane Transit District)
Eugene Station is the primary bus station and terminus in Eugene, Oregon, United States, serving the buses of the Lane Transit District (LTD). Construction began with the official groundbreaking in 1996 and the station opened in April 4th, 1998. The station covers most of a city block, and includes a clock tower featuring glass pyramids and arches inset with colorful glass blocks created by local glass artist John Rose. Bus lines include LTD's EmX service.

Groundbreaking
Groundbreaking, also known as cutting, sod-cutting, turning the first sod, turf-cutting, or a sod-turning ceremony, is a traditional ceremony in many cultures that celebrates the first day of construction for a building or other project. Such ceremonies are often attended by dignitaries such as politicians and businesspeople.

The shovel used during the groundbreaking is often a special ceremonial shovel, sometimes colored gold, meant to be saved for subsequent display and may be engraved. In other groundbreaking ceremonies, a bulldozer is used instead of a shovel to mark the first day of construction. In some groundbreaking ceremonies, the shovel and the bulldozer mark the first day of construction. In other places, this ceremony can be replaced by a "laying of the first stone" event.
Gardenie (Rome Metro)
Gardenie is an underground station serving Line C of the Rome Metro. The station is located at Piazzale delle Gardenie, at the western edge of the Roman quarter of Prenestino-Centocelle.

Construction works started in 2007 and were finished in January 2015. The station opened in June 2015.

Gardenia
Gardenia is a genus of flowering plants in the coffee family, Rubiaceae, native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, Madagascar, Pacific Islands, and Australia.

The genus was named by Carl Linnaeus and John Ellis after Alexander Garden (1730–1791), a Scottish naturalist. The type species is Gardenia jasminoides, as first published by Ellis in 1761.
New Zealand Hockey Federation
New Zealand Hockey Federation Incorporated, also known as Hockey New Zealand, is the governing body overseeing, promoting and managing the sport of field hockey in New Zealand. It is a full member of the International Hockey Federation (FIH) and the Oceania Hockey Federation (OHF).

The federation comprises 32 provincial hockey associations, organised into 8 regions, which between them had 48,174 registered players in the 2013 winter season.

New Zealand women's national field hockey team
The New Zealand women's national field hockey team is also known as the Black Sticks Women. The team's best performances include a gold medal at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, silver medal at the 2010 Commonwealth Games, a third placing at the 2011 Champions Trophy, and fourth placings at the 1986 World Cup, 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Olympics. As of Jun 2024, the team ranks 11th on the International Hockey Federation (FIH) world rankings.
Dialipina
Dialipina is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine bony fish from the Early Devonian. It contains two species, both known from the high Arctic of Asia and North America. It was initially thought to be and sometimes still is treated as an early, basal actinopterygian, but recent phylogenetic analyses suggest that it may instead be a stem-osteichthyan.

The following species are known:

†D. markae Schultze, 1992 - Lochkovian of Kotelny Island, Russia

†D. salgueiroensis Schultze, 1968 (type species) - Emsian of the Northwest Territories, Canada (Bear Rock Formation)

The early Devonian stem-gnathostome Janusiscus was described from remains from the Siberian mainland that were previously attributed to D. markae.

Kotelny Island
Kotelny Island (Russian: Остров Котельный, romanized: Ostrov Kotelny; Yakut: Олгуйдаах Aрыы, romanized: Olguydaax Arııta) is part of the Anzhu Islands subgroup of the New Siberian Islands located between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea in the Russian Arctic. It is administratively and municipally part of Bulunsky District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Kotelny, Faddeyevsky and Bunge Land are usually named as separate islands on most 20th century maps, although sometimes on the newest maps the name "Kotelny" is applied to the whole island. A flat, low-lying, plain connecting both is known as Bunge Land (Russian: Земля Бунге).

The total area of Kotelny Island is 23,165 km2. Kotelny is one of the 50 largest islands in the world.
Synechococcus
Synechococcus (from the Greek synechos, in succession, and the Greek kokkos, granule) is a unicellular cyanobacterium that is very widespread in the marine environment. Its size varies from 0.8 to 1.5 μm. The photosynthetic coccoid cells are preferentially found in well–lit surface waters where it can be very abundant (generally 1,000 to 200,000 cells per ml). Many freshwater species of Synechococcus have also been described.

The genome of S. elongatus strain PCC7002 has a size of 3.4 Mbp, whereas the oceanic strain WH8102 has a genome of size 2.4 Mbp.

RuBisCO
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, commonly known by the abbreviations RuBisCo, rubisco, RuBPCase, or RuBPco, is an enzyme (EC 4.1.1.39) involved in the light-independent (or "dark") part of photosynthesis, including the carbon fixation by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is converted by plants and other photosynthetic organisms to energy-rich molecules such as glucose. It emerged approximately four billion years ago in primordial metabolism prior to the presence of oxygen on Earth.  It is probably the most abundant enzyme on Earth. In chemical terms, it catalyzes the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (also known as RuBP).
Stick Around (song)
"Stick Around" is the first and lead single from Julian Lennon's 1986 second album The Secret Value of Daydreaming.  The song was released at a time when Lennon's solo career was at its peak, following his success with the debut album Valotte (1984).

It was a No. 1 hit on Billboard's Mainstream Rock and No. 32 on their Hot 100 chart, but only reached No. 86 in the UK Singles Chart. The song was also a minor hit in several countries around the world: Belgium (No. 21), Australia (No. 
79) and Canada (No. 31).

Justin Clayton
Justin Clayton is an English guitarist and singer. He is the lead guitarist for his friend Julian Lennon's band on most of Lennon's albums.  In 1999 Justin Clayton released his own solo album Limb produced by Marty Willson-Piper of The Church, which gathered favorable review from CMJ New Music Report, but failed to achieve commercial success.
Super Coupe du Congo (Republic of Congo)
The Super Coupe du Congo English: Congo Super Cup, is an association football cup competition held in the Republic of Congo. The competition is held between the Coupe du Congo champions and the Congo Premier League champions of the same season.

Congo Ligue 1
Congo Ligue 1 is the top division of the Congolese Football Federation, in the Republic of the Congo. It was created in 1961. The official name is Championnat National MTN for sponsorship reasons.

Between 1961 and 1977 the championship was decided in a 3-team tournament between the regional champions of Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire, and Niari. From 1978 to 1993, a nationwide league with 10 to 14 teams was played. From 1994 to 2008, the FECOFOOT reverted to a national play-off after the regional tournaments, with additional entries for the stronger leagues (Brazzaville, Pointe-Noire). In 2009, a nationwide league was reformed with 18 teams.
Sport in ancient Greek art
Athletics were an important part of the cultural life of Ancient Greeks. Depictions of boxing and bull-leaping can be found back to the Bronze Age.  Buildings were created for the sole use of athletics including stadia, palaestrae, and gymnasiums. Starting in the Archaic period, Panhellenic Games, including the Olympic Games, begin taking place each year. These games gave people from all over Greece the chance to gain fame for their athletic prowess. Athletics in Greece became one of the most commonly depicted scenes of everyday life in their art.

Bull-leaping
Bull-leaping (Ancient Greek: ταυροκαθάψια, taurokathapsia) is a term for various types of non-violent bull fighting.  Some are based on an ancient ritual from the Minoan civilization involving an acrobat leaping over the back of a charging bull (or cow).  As a sport it survives in Spain, with bulls, as recortes; in modern France, usually with cows rather than bulls, as course landaise; and in Tamil Nadu, India with bulls as Jallikattu.

Ritual leaping over bulls is a motif in Middle Bronze Age figurative art, especially in Minoan art, and what are probably Minoan objects found in Mycenaean Greece, but it is also sometimes found in Hittite Anatolia, the Levant, Bactria and the Indus Valley. It is often interpreted as a depiction of a rite performed in connection with bull worship.
Haj Jomaa
Haj Jomaa (Arabic: حاج جمعة)  is a Syrian village located in Armanaz Nahiyah in Harem District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Haj Jomaa had a population of 154 in the 2004 census.

Armanaz Subdistrict
Armanaz Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية أرمناز)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Harem District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Armanaz Subdistrict had a population of 27267 in the 2004 census.
Secondary frequency standard
In telecommunications, a secondary frequency standard is a frequency standard that does not have inherent accuracy, and therefore must be calibrated against a primary frequency standard.

Secondary standards include crystal oscillators and rubidium standards. A crystal oscillator depends for its frequency on its physical dimensions, which vary with fabrication and environmental conditions. A rubidium standard is a secondary standard even though it uses atomic transitions, because it takes the form of a gas cell through which an optical signal is passed. The gas cell has inherent inaccuracies because of gas pressure variations, including those induced by temperature variations. There are also variations in the concentrations of the required buffer gases, which variations cause frequency deviations.

Primary standard
A primary standard in metrology is a standard that is sufficiently accurate such that it is not calibrated by or subordinate to other standards.  Primary standards are defined via other quantities like length, mass and time.  Primary standards are used to calibrate other standards referred to as working standards. See Hierarchy of Standards.
Nathan Tankus
Nathan Cedric Tankus is an American expert on state and banking finances, with a focus on the Federal Reserve. He has been a visiting researcher at the Fields Institute and a research assistant at the University of Ottawa. He has written for the Financial Times, Business Insider, the Review of Keynesian Economics, Truthout, Jacobin, Naked Capitalism, and Rolling Stone.

Jacobin (magazine)
Jacobin is an American socialist magazine based in New York City, founded in 2010 by Bhaskar Sunkara. As of 2023, the magazine reported a paid print circulation of 75,000 and over 3 million monthly online visitors.
State Highway 5 (Karnataka)
Karnataka State Highway 5, commonly referred to as KA SH 5, is a state highway that runs through Chikballapur and Kolar districts in the state of Karnataka.  The primary destinations of this highway are Chintamani and Kolar. The total length of the highway is 106 km.

Bangarapet
Bangarapet or Bangāra pete is a town in Kolar district in the state of Karnataka, India. Bangarapet is the headquarters of the taluk of Bangarapet. Bangarapet was originally called Bowringpet, named after an officer working in the Kolar Gold Fields. This town came into existence as the connecting point of traffic between the gold fields. Telugu is largely spoken in Bangarapet. During the Karnataka state formation there was 54% Telugu population.
Douglas A. Hartwick
Douglas Alan Hartwick (July 29, 1950 – May 22, 2025) was a business and NGO consultant, lecturer, and former senior U.S. diplomat and U.S. ambassador to Laos (2001–2004).

Hartwick was born in Miles City, Montana in June 1950. He obtained his B.A. in Government from the College of William and Mary in 1972, a M.A. in Economics from Washington State University in 1976, an M.S. in Applied Economics from Stanford University in 1985 and an M.S. in National Strategic Studies from the National Defense University (National War College) in 1994.

He was a Trustee for The Mountain Institute, a member of the Diplomatic Council of the World Heritage Fund and member of the Board of Advisors of William and Mary's Thomas Jefferson Program in Public Policy.

The Thomas Jefferson Program in Public Policy
The Thomas Jefferson Program in Public Policy is a graduate and undergraduate program at the College of William and Mary, founded in 1987. It enrolled its first class of graduate students in 1991. It is among the College's most interdisciplinary and collaborative programs with many students graduating with a joint degree in public policy and another specialty area, such as business (M.P.P./M.B.A.), law (M.P.P./J.D.), marine science (M.P.P./M.S.), or operations research (M.P.P./M.S. - Computational Operations Research).  Most public policy classes take place in Tyler Hall, now renamed Chancellors Hall.   The College of William and Mary itself was chartered on February 8, 1693, by King William III and Queen Mary II as the second college in the American colonies.
Golden Bear (ship)
TS Golden Bear is the training ship of the California State University Maritime Academy (CSUMA), a campus of the California State University. The first training ship of the then–California Nautical School was known as the Training Ship California State, then as the TS Golden State. Since then, there have been three ships to bear the name TS Golden Bear.

The current Golden Bear was transferred to the United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) from the US Navy in 1994. She was converted for use by the then–California Maritime Academy and transferred there in 1996. Her sister ship, the TS State of Maine (formerly USNS Tanner) currently resides as the training ship of Maine Maritime Academy.

United States Maritime Administration
The United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation. MARAD administers financial programs to develop, promote, and operate the U.S. Maritime Service and the U.S. Merchant Marine. In addition, it conducts research and development activities in the maritime field; regulates the transfer of U.S. documented vessels to foreign registries; maintains equipment, shipyard facilities, and reserve fleets of Government-owned ships essential for national defense. MARAD also maintains the National Defense Reserve Fleet (NDRF) as a ready source of ships for use during national emergencies and logistically supporting the military when needed.  MARAD also manages the Ready Reserve Force (RFF) - Naval Reserve officers who can fill in shortages during emergencies and rapidly expand the Navy's capabilities.  And it operates the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy at Kings Point.
Joanne B. Freeman
Joanne B. Freeman (born April 27, 1962) is a U.S. historian and tenured professor of history and American studies at Yale University. She has published multiple books as well as articles and op-eds in newspapers including The New York Times, and magazines such as The Atlantic and Slate. In 2005 she was rated one of the "Top Young Historians" in the U.S.

Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (FSG) is an American book publishing company, founded in 1946 by Roger Williams Straus Jr. and John C. Farrar. FSG is known for publishing literary books, and its authors have won numerous awards, including Pulitzer Prizes, National Book Awards, and Nobel Prizes. Since 1993, the publisher has been a division of Macmillan, whose parent company is the German publishing conglomerate Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.
2015–16 New Mexico Lobos men's basketball team
The 2015–16 New Mexico Lobos men's basketball team represented the University of New Mexico during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season as a member of the Mountain West Conference. They played their home games at The Pit in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The Lobos were led by third year head coach Craig Neal. They finished the season 17–15, 10–8 in Mountain West play to finish in a tie for fourth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Mountain West tournament to Nevada.

2016 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2016 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament took place March 9–12, 2016 at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas, Nevada. The winner of the tournament received the conference's automatic bid to the 2016 NCAA tournament.
Historia Gruffud vab Kenan
The Historia Gruffud Vab Kenan, also known as The History of Gruffudd ap Cynan, is a medieval Welsh text about the king of Gwynedd Gruffudd ap Cynan. The text was written in Middle Welsh but was translated from the original text Vita Griffini Filii Conani which was written in Latin and was written sometime during the lifetime of Owain Gwynedd, the successor of Gruffudd ap Cynan. Until recently it was believed that the Vita Griffini Filii Conani text had been lost, but recently the scholar Paul Russell has shown that the Latin text of the History of Gruffudd ap Cynan found in the Peniarth manuscript 434E preserves the original Latin text rather than being translation into Latin of the Middle Welsh text Historia Gruffud vab Kenan.

Owain Gwynedd
Owain ap Gruffudd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈoʊain ap 'grɨfɨð], d. 23 November 1170) or Owain Gwynedd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈoʊain ˈɡwɨnɛð]) was King of Gwynedd from 1137 until his death in 1170, succeeding his father Gruffudd ap Cynan. He is known as Owain Gwynedd to distinguish him from the contemporary Powysian ruler, Owain Cyfeiliog, whose name was also Owain ap Gruffudd. Owain Gwynedd was the first recorded Welsh ruler to style himself king of Wales and Prince of the Welsh.
Transition temperature
In crystallography, the transition temperature is the temperature at which a material changes from one crystal state (allotrope) to another. More formally, it is the temperature at which two crystalline forms of a substance can co-exist in equilibrium. For example, when rhombic sulfur is heated above 95.6 °C, it changes form into monoclinic sulfur; when cooled 
below 95.6 °C, it reverts to rhombic sulfur. At 95.6 °C the two forms can co-exist. Another example is tin, which transitions from a cubic crystal below 13.2 °C to a tetragonal crystal above that temperature.

In the case of ferroelectric or ferromagnetic crystals, a transition temperature may be known as the Curie temperature.

Orthorhombic crystal system
In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems. Orthorhombic lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular prism with a rectangular base (a by b) and height (c), such that a, b, and c are distinct. All three bases intersect at 90° angles, so the three lattice vectors remain mutually orthogonal.