hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cultural discourse about the Gaza genocide
The Gaza genocide has been a contentious topic in cultural discourse during the ongoing Gaza war. Celebrities, athletes, public intellectuals, activists, cultural institutions and ordinary people have weighed in on the events in Gaza, as well as the cultural and societal implications of viewing those events through the framework of genocide.

Feminist Studies
Feminist Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering women's studies that was established in 1972. It is an independent nonprofit publication housed at the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland. Besides scholarly articles, the journal also publishes creative writing (poetry, fiction, and memoirs), artwork and art essays, book reviews, political and social commentaries, interviews, and activist reports.

Occasionally, special issues are published on topics such as Chicana Studies; Women and Prison; Women's Work, Social Class, and Socialism; Sexuality, Sexual Violence, and Sexual Identities; Culture and History in the New South Africa; the Body and Healthcare; Rethinking the Global; and Conjugality and Sexual Economies in India.
Asarum europaeum
Asarum europaeum, known as asarabacca, European wild ginger, hazelwort, and wild spikenard, historically cabarick, is a species of flowering plant in the birthwort family Aristolochiaceae, native to parts of temperate Europe, and also cultivated in gardens. It is a creeping evergreen perennial with glossy green, kidney shaped leaves and solitary dull purple flowers hidden by the leaves.  Though its roots have a ginger aroma, it is not closely related to the true culinary ginger Zingiber officinale. European wild ginger is sometimes harvested for use as a spice or a flavoring. In former days, it was used in snuff and also medicinally as an emetic and cathartic. 
 The FDA warns against consuming Asarum, as it is nephrotoxic and contains the potent carcinogen aristolochic acid.

Aristolochiaceae
The Aristolochiaceae (English: /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkiəsii/) are a family, the birthwort family, of flowering plants with eight genera and about 400 known species belonging to the order Piperales. The type genus is Aristolochia L.
Fast Auroral SnapshoT Explorer
The Fast Auroral SnapshoT Explorer (FAST or Explorer 70) was a NASA plasma physics satellite, and was the second spacecraft in the Small Explorer program (SMEX). It was launched on 21 August 1996, from Vandenberg Air Force Base aboard a Pegasus XL launch vehicle. The spacecraft was designed and built by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Flight operations were handled by GSFC for the first three years, and thereafter were transferred to the University of California, Berkeley's Space Sciences Laboratory.

Vandenberg Space Force Base
Vandenberg Space Force Base (IATA: VBG, ICAO: KVBG, FAA LID: VBG), previously Vandenberg Air Force Base, is a United States Space Force Base in Santa Barbara County, California. Established in 1941, Vandenberg Space Force Base is a space launch base, launching spacecraft from the Western Range, and also performs missile testing. The United States Space Force's Space Launch Delta 30 serves as the host delta for the base, equivalent to an Air Force air base wing. In addition to its military space launch mission, Vandenberg Space Force Base also hosts space launches for civil and commercial space entities, such as NASA and SpaceX.
Berlin Nakroma
Berlin Nakroma is a roll-on/roll-off passenger and cargo ferry owned and operated by the Government of East Timor since 2007.  A gift to East Timor from the Federal Republic of Germany, she links Dili, capital city of East Timor, with Pante Macassar in the East Timorese exclave of Oecusse, and with Atauro Island.

Politics of Timor-Leste
The political system in Timor-Leste is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the Prime Minister of Timor-Leste is the head of government and the President of Timor-Leste  functions as head of state. Timor-Leste has a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the president and the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Parliament. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
The East Timorese constitution was modelled on that of Portugal, with lesser power given to the president. The country is still in the process of building its administration and governmental institutions. The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Timor-Leste a "flawed democracy" in 2024. The country also had the highest electoral and liberal democracy scores in Southeast Asia in 2024, according to the V-Dem Democracy Indices.
Ernst-Erich Hirschfeld
Ernst-Erich Hirschfeld (25 August 1918 – 28 July 1944) was a German Luftwaffe fighter pilot during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II of Nazi Germany. During his career he was credited with 24 aerial victories, 23 on the Western Front and 1 on the Eastern Front.

On 28 July 1944, Hirschfeld was killed in action after his parachute failed to open after he bailed out from his damaged Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-8 (Werknummer 171459—factory number) between Gehren and Erfurt. Hirschfeld, who had commanded the 5. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 300 (JG 300—300th Fighter Wing), was succeeded by Oberleutnant Hans-Joachim Weber. He was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross on 24 October 1944.

Gehren
Gehren (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːʁən] ⓘ) is a town and a former independent municipality in the Ilm-Kreis district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is situated 7 km southeast of Ilmenau. It officially became a town in its own right ('Stadt') in 1855. However, since July 2018, it has been part of the town of Ilmenau. Between 1881 and 1998, Gehren was linked to Ilmenau by a railway.

The castle of Gehren burned down in 1936. Until 1920, Gehren was the capital of the Amt Gehren in the state of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen.
Tongyong Pinyin
Tongyong Pinyin was the official romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan between 2002 and 2008. The system was unofficially used between 2000 and 2002, while a new romanization system for Taiwan was being evaluated for adoption. Taiwan's Ministry of Education approved the system in 2002, but its use was optional.

From 1 January 2009, the Ministry of Education began promoting Hanyu Pinyin. Local governments were not able to get financial aid from the central government if they used Tongyong Pinyin-derived romanizations. However, Tongyong Pinyin has continued in use for the transliteration of some place names and personal names in Taiwan (Republic of China). Some of the romanized names of the districts, subway stations and streets in Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yunlin County and other places are derived from Tongyong Pinyin –  for example, Cijin District (旗津區, Cíjin Cyu).

Yunlin County
Yunlin is a county in western Taiwan. Yunlin County borders the Taiwan Strait to the west, Nantou County to the east, Changhua County to the north at the Zhuoshui River, and Chiayi County to the south at the Beigang River. It has a population of 664,963 as of 2022.

Yunlin is part of the Chianan Plain, a flat land known for its agriculture. Agricultural products of Yunlin County include pomelo, tea leaves, suan cai, papaya and melon. Yunlin's rivers give it potential for hydroelectricity. Douliu is the largest and capital city of Yunlin. It is the only county on the main island of Taiwan where no city with the same name exists. Yunlin is one of the least developed counties on the West coast, and suffers from emigration.
Violin Sonata (Franck)
The Sonata in A major for Violin and Piano by César Franck is one of his best-known compositions, and is considered one of the finest sonatas for violin and piano ever written. It is an amalgam of his rich native harmonic language with the Classical traditions he valued highly, held together in a cyclic framework.

Vladimir Ashkenazy
Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazy (Russian: Влади́мир Дави́дович Ашкена́зи, tr. Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazi; born 6 July 1937) is a Soviet-born Icelandic pianist, chamber music performer, and conductor. Ashkenazy has collaborated with well-known orchestras and soloists. In addition, he has recorded a large repertoire of classical and romantic works. His recordings have earned him seven Grammy Awards and he has been awarded three stages of Iceland's Order of the Falcon for his overall contribution to music.
Chácara das Pedras
Chácara das Pedras (literally Farmstead of the Stones in English) is a neighbourhood (bairro) in the city of Porto Alegre, the state capital of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. It was created by Law 2022 from December 7, 1959.

Chácara das Pedras was occupied for the first time during the end of the 19th century, but the population remained low until the 1950s, when it became a residential area. With the establishment of the Iguatemi shopping, the area increased its value, and now most of its buildings are upper and upper middle class houses. Moreover, there are many squares in this neighbourhood, and its streets are relatively quiet, aside from Nilo Peçanha Avenue.

Upper middle class
In sociology, the upper middle class is the social group constituted by higher status members of the middle class, in contrast to the lower middle class. The definition is debated. Max Weber controversially defined it as the group of professionals with postgraduate degrees, but most Americans and Europeans identify income as the prime determiner of class.

The American upper middle class is primarily defined by using income, occupation, and education; it consists mostly of white-collar professionals with above-average personal incomes and a higher degree of autonomy in their work. The main occupational tasks of upper-middle-class individuals tend to center on conceptualizing, consulting, and instruction.
Vice-President of the Comoros
The vice-president of the Comoros was a political position in the Comoros. Vice-presidents are appointed by the president. From 2002 to 2011, the presidency and the positions of the two vice-presidents were rotated between the three Comoro Islands – Grande Comore, Anjouan and Mohéli. From 2011 to 2019, there were three vice-presidents, one from each of the islands in the Union of the Comoros. The positions of vice-presidents were abolished as part of the implementation of constitutional referendum held in 2018 in May 2019, instead designating a "main minister" and the governors of the islands as successors to become acting president.

Comoro Islands
The Comoro Islands are a group of volcanic islands in the Mozambique Channel, an arm of the Indian Ocean lying between Madagascar and the African mainland. Three of the islands form the Union of the Comoros, a sovereign nation, while Mayotte belongs to France.
Teleoperation
Teleoperation (or remote operation) indicates operation of a system or machine at a distance.  It is similar in meaning to the phrase "remote control" but is usually encountered in research, academia and technology.  It is most commonly associated with robotics and mobile robots but can be applied to a whole range of circumstances in which a device or machine is operated by a person from a distance.

Teleoperation can be considered a human-machine system. For example,  ArduPilot provides a spectrum of autonomy ranging from manual control to full autopilot for autonomous vehicles.

The term teleoperation is in use in research and technical communities as a standard term for referring to operation at a distance.  This is as opposed to telepresence which is a less standard term and might refer to a whole range of existence or interaction that include a remote connotation.

ArduPilot
ArduPilot is an autopilot software program that can control multirotor drones, fixed-wing and VTOL aircraft, RC helicopters, ROVs, ground rovers, boats, submarines, uncrewed surface vessels (USVs), AntennaTrackers and blimps. It is published as open source software under the GNU GPL version 3.

ArduPilot was originally developed by hobbyists to control model aircraft and rovers and has evolved into a full-featured and reliable autopilot used by industry, research organisations, amateurs, and militaries.
Edificio Victory Garden
Edificio Victory Garden is a four-story apartment house that faces on Ponce de Leon Avenue and Elisa Colberg Street in the Miramar district of Santurce, Puerto Rico. It was deemed notable as "one of Puerto Rico's finest examples of Spanish Revival apartment houses from the early 20th century."

The building was designed by Pedro Adolfo de Castro y Besosa (January 5, 1895 – October 1936), the first United States university-trained Puerto Rican architect.: 16   He designed 33 or more apartment houses during 1929–1936.  Rafael Carmoega emerged to higher prominence only after de Castro's early death, at age 41.: 17

Although it appears massive, the building's footprint only uses up 30 percent of the lot's area.  It is U-shaped with a courtyard not visible from the corner of the streets.

Rafael Carmoega
Rafael Carmoega Morales (1894–1968) was a Puerto Rican architect from Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. He was the first Puerto Rican to become State Architect, a position within the Department of the Interior which he held from 1921 to 1936. Carmoega was one of the most accomplished Puerto Rican architects of the 20th century.
Mahalunge
Mahalunge is a village in Mulshi taluka of Pune District in the state of Maharashtra, India.Talukas surrounding the village are Karjat taluka, Talegaon Dabhade Taluka, Mawal taluka and by Khalapur taluka. Districts closest to the village are Raigad district, Thane district, Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district. Nearest railway stations around the village are  Vadgaon railway station, Begdewadi railway station, Lonavala railway station, Talegaon railway station and Kamshet railway station.

Begdewadi railway station
Begdewadi railway station is a railway station on Pune Suburban Railway line. The station is near National Highway 48 (India) on Shelarwadi.

All local trains between Pune Junction–Lonavala, Pune Junction–Talegaon, Shivaji Nagar–Lonavala, Shivaji Nagar–Talegaon stops here.

Areas of Maval taluka near this station are Shelarwadi, Ghorawadi Caves, Somatne, Shirgaon.
Otto Garnus
Otto Garnus (1896 – 1 February 1960) was a Swiss athlete. He competed in the men's shot put and the men's discus throw at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He also competed in the men's 82.5kg division in the weightlifting at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

Weightlifting at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Men's 82.5 kg
The men's light heavyweight event was part of the weightlifting programme at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam. The weight class was the second-heaviest contested, and allowed weightlifters of up to 82.5 kilograms (181.5 pounds). The competition was held on Sunday, 29 July 1928.
While Paris Sleeps
While Paris Sleeps, aka The Glory of Love, is a 1923 American silent drama film based on the novel The Glory of Love by Leslie Beresford (a.k.a. "Pan"), directed by Maurice Tourneur, and starring Lon Chaney and John Gilbert. Whoever wrote the screenplay adaptation went uncredited, but some sources claim it was Wyndham Gittens. Special effects were by Floyd Mueller.

The film was actually made in 1920 under the title The Glory of Love, but for some unknown reason, it was only released in 1923, with the title inexplicably changed to While Paris Sleeps. It is likely the film's gruesome content may have caused its release to be held up for so long. The film was apparently never copyrighted properly. Tourneur may have bought the picture outright from whoever owned it and released it himself in 1923 under the new title.

The film is now believed to be lost. A still exists showing Chaney in the role of the sculptor Henri Santodos, and online is shown the poster.

Wyndham Gittens
Wyndham Gittens (7 February 1885 – 18 June 1967) was a West Indian screenwriter. He wrote for more than 60 films between 1917 and 1966. He was born in Barbados, West Indies and died in Dunedin, Florida.
Mărișel
Mărișel (Hungarian: Havasnagyfalu; German: Marischel) is a commune in Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Mărișel.

The commune is situated in the northern reaches of the Apuseni Mountains, at the eastern edge of the Apuseni Natural Park, at an altitude of about 1,200 m (3,900 ft). It is located in the western part of Cluj County, 40 km (25 mi) south of Huedin and 50 km (31 mi) west of the county seat, Cluj-Napoca.  Mărișel borders the following communes: Măguri-Răcătău to the south, Râșca to the north, Gilău to the east, and Beliș to the west.

The Mărișelu Hydroelectric Power Station is located on the administrative territory of the commune.

Apuseni Natural Park
The Apuseni Natural Park (Romanian: Parcul Natural Apuseni) is a protected area (natural park category V IUCN) situated in Romania, in the administrative territory of counties Alba (28%), Bihor (32 %), and Cluj (40%).
Takuya Yasaki
Takuya Yasaki (矢崎 拓也, Yasaki Takuya; born December 31, 1994) also known as Takuya Kato (加藤 拓也, Kato Takuya) or Takuya (拓也) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher for the Tokyo Yakult Swallows of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He has previously played in NPB for the Hiroshima Toyo Carp.

Tokyo Yakult Swallows
The Tokyo Yakult Swallows (Japanese: 東京ヤクルトスワローズ, Hepburn: Tōkyō Yakuruto Suwarōzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Shinjuku, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams in Tokyo, the other being the Yomiuri Giants. They have won nine Central League championships and six Japan Series championships. Since 1964, they have played their home games at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

The Swallows are named after their corporate owners, Yakult Honsha. From 1950 to 1965, the team was owned by the former Japanese National Railways (known as Kokutetsu (国鉄) in Japanese) and called the Kokutetsu Swallows; the team was then owned by the newspaper Sankei Shimbun from 1965 to 1968 and called the Sankei Atoms. Yakult purchased the team in 1970 and renamed it the Yakult Atoms, before renaming it again as the Yakult Swallows in 1974, and then the Tokyo Yakult Swallows in 2006.
Traumatic stress
Traumatic stress is a common term for reactive anxiety and depression, although it is not a medical term and is not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The experience of traumatic stress include subtypes of anxiety, depression and disturbance of conduct along with combinations of these symptoms. This may result from events that are less threatening and distressing than those that lead to post-traumatic stress disorder. The fifth edition of the DSM describes in a section titled "Trauma and Stress-Related Disorders" disinhibited social engagement disorder, reactive attachment disorder, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Disinhibited social engagement disorder
Disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED), or disinhibited attachment disorder, is an attachment disorder in which a child has little to no fear of unfamiliar adults and may actively approach them. It can significantly impair a young child's ability to relate with adults and peers, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, as well as put them in dangerous and potentially unsafe conditions, as they may, for example, walk off with a complete stranger in a public place.

DSED is exclusively a childhood disorder. It is usually diagnosed after nine months, but before age 6. Some signs of DSED may present into adolescence and young adulthood. Infants and young children are at risk of developing DSED if they receive inconsistent or insufficient care from a primary caregiver. Like reactive attachment disorder, it is commonly diagnosed in children raised in foster care or institutional environments.
Zlatolist, Kardzhali Province
41°31′N 25°38′E﻿ / ﻿41.517°N 25.633°E﻿ / 41.517; 25.633

Zlatolist (Bulgarian: Златолист) is a village in southern Bulgaria, located in the Krumovgrad municipality of the Kardzhali Province.

It is situated in the Eastern Rhodopes on the banks of the Krumovitsa River. The majority of its population consists of ethnic Turks.

Zlatolist Hill on Trinity Peninsula in Antarctica is named after the village.

Kardzhali Province
41°39′N 25°22′E﻿ / ﻿41.650°N 25.367°E﻿ / 41.650; 25.367

Kardzhali Province  (Bulgarian: Област Кърджали, romanized: Oblast Kărdžali) is a province of southern Bulgaria, neighbouring Greece with the Greek regional units of Xanthi, Rhodope, and Evros to the south and east. It is 3,209.1 km2 in area. Its main city is Kardzhali. It is Bulgaria's southernmost province.
Gymnastics at the 2019 European Games – Men's artistic qualification
Men's artistic gymnastics qualification at the 2019 European Games was held at Minsk Arena on June 27. The results of the qualification determined the qualifiers to the finals: 18 gymnasts in the all-around final, and 6 gymnasts in each of 6 apparatus finals. Two gymnasts per country could qualify to the all-around final, and one gymnast per country could qualify to the apparatus finals.

2019 European Games
The 2nd European Games 2019 (Belarusian: II Еўрапейскія гульні, Jeŭrapiejskija huĺni 2019; Russian: II Европейские игры, Yevropeyskiye igry 2019), also known as the 2019 European Games or Minsk 2019 (Belarusian: Мінск 2019; Russian: Минск 2019), were held in Minsk, Belarus, from 21 June to 30 June 2019. The games featured 200 events in 15 sports (23 disciplines). Around 4,000 athletes from 50 countries participated. Ten of the sports offered qualification opportunities for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The opening ceremony at the Dinamo Stadium was held on 21 June, and the closing ceremony at the same venue was held on 30 June.

The logo of the games was "paparać-kvietka"—a plant that plays an important role in the culture of the Slavs. The slogan of the event is "Bright Year, Bright You", which also makes reference to the national domain of the Republic of Belarus and the official international shortening—BY.
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG) was an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) that was part of ABC-Clio. Since 2021, ABC-Clio and its suite of imprints, including GPG, are collectively imprints of British publishing house Bloomsbury Publishing. The Greenwood name stopped being used for new books in 2023.

Established in 1967 as Greenwood Press, Inc., and based in Westport, Connecticut, GPG published reference works under its Greenwood Press imprint; and scholarly, professional, and general-interest books under its related imprint, Praeger Publishers (/ˈpreɪɡər/). Also part of GPG was Libraries Unlimited, which published professional works for librarians and teachers. Both of the latter became stand-alone imprints of ABC-Clio, in 2008–2009, after its purchase of GPG.

Imprint (trade name)
An imprint of a publisher is a trade name under which it publishes a work. A single publishing company may have multiple imprints, often using the different names as brands to market works to various demographic consumer segments.
Iglesia de San Francisco (Chiu Chiu)
The Iglesia de San Francisco is a Roman Catholic church located in the commune of Calama, El Loa, Antofagasta Region, Chile. Built in c. 1650, it is the oldest church in Chile. It was declared as a National Monument in 1951.

National monuments of Chile
The National Monuments of Chile (Spanish: Monumentos Nacionales de Chile [MN]) are those places and properties, moveable or fixed, protected by the State of Chile under the 1970 Law No. 17,288 for the protection of National Monuments. This protection is managed by the Council of National Monuments (Spanish: Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales [CMN]) owing to the historical, artistic, scientific or commemorative value of those properties designated as national monuments, which represent the country's cultural heritage.

There are five categories of national monuments:

Historical monuments

Typical (or picturesque) zones

Nature preserves

Archeological monuments

Public monuments