hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1999 Major League Baseball season
The 1999 Major League Baseball season ended with the New York Yankees sweeping the Atlanta Braves in the World Series.

The previous record of most home runs hit in a season, set at 5,064 in 1998, was broken once again as the American League and National League combined to hit 5,528 home runs. Moreover, it was the first season in 49 years to feature a team that scored 1,000 runs in a season, as the Cleveland Indians led the Majors with 1,009 runs scored. Only 193 shutouts were recorded in 2,427 regular-season games. The 1999 season was the first season in which the two current New York City-area MLB teams, the Yankees and Mets, qualified for the playoffs together in the same season. The following season, both teams reached the World Series and the Yankees won four games to one.

Smokey Joe Williams
Joseph Williams (April 6, 1886 – February 25, 1951), nicknamed "Cyclone Joe" and "Smokey Joe", was an American right-handed pitcher in Negro league baseball.  He is considered one of the greatest pitchers of all-time and was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1999.
Scuderia Serenissima
Scuderia Serenissima or Scuderia SSS Republica di Venezia was an auto racing team funded by Giovanni Volpi and active in the early 1960s. The name "Serenissima" ("Most Serene") refers to one of the many definitions the city of Venice is known for, the Volpi family being originally from the area. Based in Sasso Marconi, close to Bologna, Serenissima mostly competed in Formula One and sports car racing. Originally the team had an engine supply agreement with Ferrari. When Volpi decided to financially support ATS, a Formula One team put together by Carlo Chiti, Giotto Bizzarrini, Romolo Tavoni and other breakaway Ferrari employees, Enzo Ferrari withdrew from the agreement. Serenissima subsequently turned to De Tomaso and Maserati without much success. Serenissima officially closed in 1970.

Sasso Marconi
Sasso Marconi (Bolognese: Al Sâs) is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Bologna in northern Italy, 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-southwest of Bologna.

Known as Sasso Bolognese until 1938, it is named after Guglielmo Marconi, the radio pioneer, who was born in the nearby city of Bologna. His villa now contains the Marconi Museum and Mausoleum. The name Sasso ("rock") derives from the Pliocene-age rock formation called Sasso della Glosina that commands the confluence of the Setta and Reno rivers.
Giving You the Best World Tour
The Heat (also known as The Heat: Luther & Anita Live!) was a co-headlining concert tour by American recording artists Anita Baker and Luther Vandross. The tour primarily played over 50 shows in the United States during the fall and winter of 1988. Shows in New York City, Los Angeles and Rosemont were instant sellouts.

Baker had a brief promo tour mere weeks before this tour started. She later toured internationally with George Benson, for shows in Europe and Asia, under the title "Anita Baker in Concert". Following the conclusion of their joint tour, Vandross launched his "Any Love World Tour" in January 1989.

George Benson
George Washington Benson (born March 22, 1943) is an American jazz fusion guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He began his professional career at the age of 19 as a jazz guitarist.

A former child prodigy, Benson first came to prominence in the 1960s, playing soul jazz with Jack McDuff and others. He then launched a successful solo career, alternating between jazz, pop, R&B singing, and scat singing. His album Breezin' was certified triple-platinum, hitting No. 1 on the Billboard album chart in 1976. His concerts were well attended through the 1980s, and he still has a large following. Benson has won ten Grammy Awards and has been honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Ron Link (patient advocate)
Ron Link is a former firefighter and actor who founded Surgical Eyes in 1999 to help patients with complications from LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) and other types of refractive eye surgery. Surgical Eyes was featured in media outlets worldwide 




 heightening awareness of post-refractive surgery issues as well as possible solutions. Ron Link first spoke in front of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Ophthalmic Devices Panel about the need to address LASIK complications on July 22, 1999  and again on August 1, 2002.

Refractive surgery
Refractive surgery is an optional eye surgery used to improve the refractive state of the eye and thereby decrease or eliminate dependency on glasses or contact lenses. This can include various methods of surgical remodeling of the cornea (keratomileusis), lens implantation or lens replacement. The most common methods today use excimer lasers to reshape the curvature of the cornea. Refractive eye surgeries are used to treat common vision disorders such as myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia and astigmatism.
1878 Waipa by-election
The 1878 Waipa by-election was a by-election held on 24 July 1878 during the 6th New Zealand Parliament in the electorate of Waipa in the Waikato.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent MP Alfred Cox on 13 June 1878.

The by-election was won by Edward Graham McMinn, described as a Government supporter. Special trains ran from Auckland to Mercer to poll the Auckland voters, with 60 to 70 availing themselves of this conveyance.

Frederick Alexander Whitaker opposed the government of George Grey. There were reportedly "nearly forty natives on the roll, besides some ninety votes about Auckland" (for whom the nearest polling booth was Newcastle). Whitaker lost the by-election, but won the seat in the 1879 election, and McMinn came third (Waipa voted on 10 September 1879).

1879 New Zealand general election
The 1879 New Zealand general election was held between 28 August and 15 September 1879 to elect a total of 88 MPs to the 7th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 8 September. A total of 82,271 (66.5%) European voters turned out to vote, plus 14,553 Māori voters. Following the election, John Hall formed a new government.
A Dozen Roses – Greatest Hits
A Dozen Roses – Greatest Hits is the first compilation album by American country rock group The Desert Rose Band. It was released January 4, 1991, via MCA/Curb. The album peaked at number 44 on the Top Country Albums chart.

The Desert Rose Band
The Desert Rose Band was an American country rock band from Los Angeles, California, founded in 1985 by Chris Hillman (formerly of the Byrds and the Flying Burrito Brothers), with Herb Pedersen and John Jorgenson. The original lineup included Bill Bryson on bass guitar, JayDee Maness on pedal steel guitar, and Steve Duncan on drums. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the band charted several hit singles on the US Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts until disbanding in February 1994.
Methionol
Methionol (3-(Methylthio)-1-propanol) is a methyl sulfide derived from propan-1-ol. It is found in nature, including as a metabolite of yeast and bacillus anthracis. It is a sulphurous aroma component of many foods, such as wine, cheese and roasted coffee. It is classed as an irritant. It has a very low olfactory threshold.

Methyl group
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula CH3 (whereas normal methane has the formula CH4). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many organic compounds. It is a very stable group in most molecules. While the methyl group is usually part of a larger molecule, bonded to the rest of the molecule by a single covalent bond (−CH3), it can be found on its own in any of three forms: methanide anion (CH−3), methylium cation (CH+3) or methyl radical (CH•3). The anion has eight valence electrons, the radical seven and the cation six. All three forms are highly reactive and rarely observed.
David Wynn Miller
David Wynn Miller (1948/1949–2018), also styled :David-Wynn: Miller, was an American pseudolegal theorist, self-proclaimed judge and leader of a tax protester group within the sovereign citizen movement. Originally a tool and die welder, Miller is best known as the creator of "Quantum Grammar", a version of the English language to be used by people involved in judicial proceedings. He asserted that this constructed language, which is purportedly based on mathematics and includes unorthodox grammar, spelling, punctuation, and syntax, constitutes the only "correct" form of communication in legal processes.  People seeking remedy with Miller's syntax in court have not been met with success. His language is incomprehensible to most people and the pleadings that use it are routinely rejected by courts as gibberish. Since Miller's death, "Quantum Grammar" has seen continued usage by other people within the sovereign citizen movement.

Welder
A welder is a person or equipment that fuses materials together. The term welder refers to the operator, the machine is referred to as the welding power supply. The materials to be joined can be metals (such as steel, aluminum, brass, stainless steel etc.) or varieties of plastic or polymer. Welders typically have to have good dexterity and attention to detail, as well as technical knowledge about the materials being joined and best practices in the field.
1955 Giro d'Italia
The 1955 Giro d'Italia was the 38th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro started off in Milan on 14 May with a 163 km (101.3 mi) flat stage and concluded back in Milan with a 141 km (87.6 mi) relatively flat mass-start stage on 5 June. Fourteen teams entered the race, which was won by Italian Fiorenzo Magni of the Nivea-Fuchs team. Second and third respectively were Italian riders Fausto Coppi and Gastone Nencini.

In the 20th stage, arriving in San Pellegrino Terme, Magni and Coppi attacked Gastone Nencini (who was leading the general classification) taking advantage of a puncture he suffered in an unpaved road section. Coppi won the stage (his last victory in the Giro) and Magni took the lead in the general classification.

Unpaved road
An unpaved road is a type of road whose surface has not been sealed with a pavement treatment, such as concrete or bitumen. An unpaved road can be a dirt road, whose surface is the native material of the land surface (known as subgrade material), or it could be a gravel road, where the subgrade material has been covered by gravel but not sealed. There are approximately 13 million km (8.1 million mi) of unpaved road in the world, making up 57% of the total road length.
Adolph Jensen
Adolph Ludvig Otto Jensen (15 July 1866 – 24 May 1948) was an economist and statistician of international standing, and from 1913 to 1936 the head of the Statistics Department of the Danish Ministry of Finance.

Ministry of Finance (Denmark)
The Ministry of Finance of Denmark (Danish: Finansministeriet) is a ministry in the Government of Denmark. Among other things, it is in charge of the government budget (subject to approval by the Danish parliament, Folketinget), paying government employees and improving efficiency in government administration. The current Finance Minister of Denmark is Nicolai Wammen.
Leimuiden
Leimuiden is a Dutch village in the South Holland municipality of Kaag en Braassem. Leimuiden is located between the Braassemermeer, the Westeinderplassen and the Ringvaart. Leimuiden is located north of Alphen aan den Rijn.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Atlanta Public Library (Atlanta, Illinois)
The Atlanta Public Library, located at the intersection of Race and Arch Streets in Atlanta, Illinois, was built in 1908 and has operated continuously as a library since. Architect Paul A. Moratz's design combines the Neoclassical with an octagonal plan, an uncommon mixture of styles. The building's eight sides are all symmetrical except for the front, which is broken by a classical portico with Doric columns and a round arched entrance. The library is topped by a red tile roof.

Atlanta's public library program began in 1873. When the city built its library building in 1908, it did so through community support rather than receiving a grant from the Carnegie Foundation as most other communities did at the time. A clock tower was added to the property in the 1970s. The Atlanta Museum formerly operated in the library's basement.

The library was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 11, 1979.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).
Great Stickle
Great Stickle is a fell located in the southern Lake District of England with an altitude of 305 m (1,001 ft). Alfred Wainwright included it in the Stickle Pike chapter of his "The Outlying Fells of Lakeland" (but stated the height incorrectly as 990 ft; the 2011 2nd edition has the correct figure). Geographically the fell is located on the southern ridge of Stickle Pike and is located between the lower Duddon Valley (west) and the valley of Dunnerdale Beck (east). A "stickle" is a hill with a prominent rocky top.

The fell is rugged in appearance with several craggy outcrops that are found especially on its summit and its southern slopes which descend to the hamlet of Broughton Mills. It is generally climbed in combination with Stickle Pike, the ridge between the two summits offering an interesting traverse and excellent views to the Furness Peninsula and the southern fells.

Broughton Mills
Broughton Mills is a village in Cumbria, England, located 2 miles (3.2 km) from the larger town of Broughton-in-Furness. The village consists of about 40 households, a phonebox (non-functional), church and a pub called the Blacksmiths Arms.
Arkansaurus
Arkansaurus (meaning "Arkansas lizard") is an extinct genus of ornithomimosaurian theropod dinosaur that lived during the Aptian and Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous in what is now North America. The type and only species is Arkansaurus fridayi.

Cedar Mountain Formation
The Cedar Mountain Formation is the name given to a distinctive sedimentary geologic formation in eastern Utah, spanning most of the early and mid-Cretaceous. The formation was named for Cedar Mountain in northern Emery County, Utah, where William Lee Stokes first studied the exposures in 1944.
José António Camões
Father José António Camões (December 1777 – 18 January 1827) was a Portuguese Catholic priest, poet and historian. He wrote several works of satire, including his heroic satire O Testamento de D. Burro, Pai dos Asnos (The Testament of D. Burro, Father of the Asses).

Asinus
Asinus is a subgenus of Equus that encompasses several subspecies of the Equidae commonly known as wild asses or wild donkeys, characterized by long ears, a lean, straight-backed build, lack of a true withers, a coarse mane and tail, and a reputation for considerable toughness and endurance.

The common donkey is the best-known domesticated representative of the subgenus, with both domesticated and feral varieties.  Among the wild ass species, several never-domesticated species live in Asia and Africa, with the extinct European wild ass species formerly inhabiting Europe.
1871 New Hampshire gubernatorial election
The 1871 New Hampshire gubernatorial election was held on March 14, 1871, in order to elect the Governor of New Hampshire. Democratic nominee and incumbent Mayor of Manchester James A. Weston defeated Republican nominee and former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New Hampshire's 1st district James Pike, Temperance nominee Albert Comings and Labor Reform Party nominee Lemuel P. Cooper.

National Labor Union
The National Labor Union (NLU) was the first national labor federation in the United States. Founded in 1866 and defunct in 1873, the NLU paved the way for other organizations, such as the Knights of Labor and the AFL (American Federation of Labor). In 1870, the NLU created the National Labor Reform Party (NLRP), also Labor Reform Party (LRP), which continued until 1878, when it merged into the Greenback Party.

The NLU led by William H. Sylvis and Andrew Cameron.
Sailing at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's RS:X
The men's sailboard sailing event at the 2011 Pan American Games was held from October 17–23 at the Vallarta Yacht Club in Puerto Vallarta. The defending Pan American Games champion was Ricardo Santos of Brazil.

Points were assigned based on the finishing position in each race (1 for first, 2 for second, etc.). The points were totaled from the top 9 results of the first 10 races, with lower totals being better. If a sailor was disqualified or did not complete the race, 11 points were assigned for that race (as there were 10 sailors in this competition). The top five sailors at that point competed in the final race, with placings counting double for final score. The sailor with the lowest total score won.

Ricardo Santos (sailor)
Ricardo Winicki Santos (born 8 May 1980 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian windsurfer. He has competed at the Olympics since 2000, firstly in the Mistral One Design Class, and currently the RS:X (sailboard).
Cash–Karp method
In numerical analysis, the Cash–Karp method is a method for solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs). It was proposed by Professor Jeff R. Cash  from Imperial College London and Alan H. Karp from IBM Scientific Center. The method is a member of the Runge–Kutta family of ODE solvers. More specifically, it uses six function evaluations to calculate fourth- and fifth-order accurate solutions. The difference between these solutions is then taken to be the error of the (fourth order) solution. This error estimate is very convenient for adaptive stepsize integration algorithms. Other similar integration methods are Fehlberg (RKF) and Dormand–Prince (RKDP).

The Butcher tableau is:

The first row of b coefficients gives the fifth-order accurate solution, and the second row gives the fourth-order solution.

Ordinary differential equation
In mathematics, an ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation (DE) dependent on only a single independent variable. As with any other DE, its unknown(s) consists of one (or more) function(s) and involves the derivatives of those functions. The term "ordinary" is used in contrast with partial differential equations (PDEs) which may be with respect to more than one independent variable, and, less commonly, in contrast with stochastic differential equations (SDEs) where the progression is random.
23rd Infantry Division "Ferrara"
The 23rd Infantry Division "Ferrara" (Italian: 23ª Divisione di fanteria "Ferrara") was a infantry division of the Royal Italian Army during World War II. The Ferrara was classified as a mountain infantry division, which meant that the division's artillery was moved by pack mules instead of the horse-drawn carriages of line infantry divisions. Italy's real mountain warfare divisions were the six alpine divisions manned by Alpini mountain troops. The division was named for the city of Ferrara and based in Bari. The division's men were mostly recruited from Bari and in the Altopiano delle Murge region.

Foggia
Foggia (UK: /ˈfɒdʒə/, US: /ˈfoʊdʒə/; Italian: [ˈfɔddʒa] ⓘ; Foggiano: Fògge [ˈfɔddʒə]) is a city and comune (municipality) of Apulia, in Southern Italy, capital of the province of Foggia. In 2013, its population was 153,143. Foggia is the main city of a plain called Tavoliere, also known as the "granary of Italy".
Mikronisi
Mikronisi (Greek: Μικρονήσι, "small island", also known as Agios Pavlos Greek: Άγιος Παύλος, "St Paul") is an islet off the southern coast of the Greek island of Crete in the Libyan Sea. The islet is in a bay between the capes of Lithino and Kefalas, at Kommos, and close to Gortyn which was the ancient capital of Crete. It is administered within Heraklion regional unit.

Kommos (Crete)
Kommos (Greek: Κομμός) is an archaeological site in southern Crete. During the Minoan period, it served as a harbour town for nearby Phaistos and Hagia Triada. After the Bronze Age, a sanctuary was built over the ruins of the earlier town. It is notable for providing evidence about international trade and local daily life.

The partially excavated site is located 5 km north of Matala, adjacent to Kommos Beach. It is not open to the public, but is visible from the beach.
Chang'an, Linxiang
Chang'an Subdistrict (Chinese: 长安街道; pinyin: Cháng'ān Jiēdào) is a subdistrict and the seat of Linxiang City in Hunan, China. The subdistrict was reformed through the amalgamation of Baiyun Town (Chinese: 白云镇), Chengnan Township (Chinese: 城南乡) and the former Chang'an Subdistrict on November 24, 2015. It is located in the west central Linxiang City, it is bordered by Wulipai Subdistrict (Chinese: 五里牌街道) to the east, Zhongfang Town (Chinese: 忠防镇) and Taolin Town (Chinese: 桃林镇) to the south, and Yunxi District to the west and north. The subdistrict has an area of 104.3 km2 (40.3 sq mi) with a population of 81,200 (as of 2015). Through the amalgamation of village-level divisions in 2016, the town has 6 villages and 6 communities under its jurisdiction. Its seat is Matangpu Community (Chinese: 麻塘铺社区).

Yunxi, Yueyang
Yunxi District (simplified Chinese: 云溪区; traditional Chinese: 雲溪區; pinyin: Yúnxī Qū) is one of three urban districts in Yueyang City, Hunan province, China; it is also the 4th smallest district by population (after Wulingyuan. Nanyue and Beita Districts) in the province. The district is located in the east of the city proper of Yueyang. Yunxi District is located on the southeastern shore of Yangtze River, the Lake of Dongting flows into the Yangtze in the south western outer margin of the district. It is bordered by Jianli County of Hubei across the Yangtze to the west and the northwest, by Linxiang City to the east, and by Yueyanglou District and Yueyang County to the south. Yunxi District covers an area of 403 km2 (156 sq mi), and as of 2015, it had a registered population of 169,700. The district has a subdistrict and three towns under its jurisdiction.