hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The British Museum Friends
The British Museum Friends (BMF) is a registered charitable organisation in the UK with close links to the British Museum, and was set up in 1968. It provides funding in the form of grants to the British Museum in order to support the educational objectives of the Museum including to allow the Museum to acquire new items and collections, and assists with financing research programmes, conservation, and new technologies throughout the Museum.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
Thermophymatospora
Thermophymatospora is a monotypic fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae containing the single species Thermophymatospora fibuligera, a basidiomycetous hyphomycete. Both the genus and species were described as new in 1986. The fungus was originally isolated from cultivated soil at a date palm plantation in Iraq. It has conidia that are brown, spherical, and relatively large (typically 20–24 μm). Its hyphae has clamp connections. The fungus has a growth temperature range of 17–48 °C (63–118 °F), with an optimum between 35 and 40 °C (95 and 104 °F).

The specific epithet fibuligera, from the Latin for "clamp-bearing", refers to the characteristic presence of clamp connections in the hyphae.

Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. It is used to maintain genetic variation within the hypha much like the mechanisms found in croziers (hooks) during the sexual reproduction of ascomycetes.
Jancy James
Jancy James was the first Vice Chancellor of Central University of Kerala situated near Kasaragod in the Kerala State of India.  She was born in Vaikam and was also a member of UPSC civil service interview  board.

Earlier she was the Vice Chancellor of Mahatma Gandhi University in Kerala.   She was also the first woman to become the Vice Chancellor of a university in Kerala when she was appointed to Mahatma Gandhi University.

Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala
Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), commonly referred to as MG University, is a state owned public university headquartered in Kottayam in the state of Kerala, India. It was established on 2 October 1983 on Gandhi Jayanti day.

Mahatma Gandhi University (formerly Gandhiji University) has been approved by University Grants Commission (UGC) and accredited with the highest grade of 'A++ (CGPA - 3.61) by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council of India. The university has 31 departments of teaching and research and around 260 affiliated colleges spread over five districts in central Kerala.

In March 2025, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam has been awarded the prestigious Category 1 Grade by the University Grants Commission (UGC). This  recognition granted MGU extensive autonomy to launch new initiatives and establish institutions without prior UGC approval, making it the first university in the state to achieve this distinction.
Sport in Wales
Sport in Wales plays a prominent role in Welsh culture. Like the other countries of the United Kingdom, Wales enjoys independent representation in major world sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup and in the Rugby World Cup, but competes as part of Great Britain in some other competitions, including the Olympics.

The Millennium Stadium is the largest stadium in Wales. Located in Cardiff, it is the home of the Wales national rugby union team with a capacity of 74,505. It was the temporary location for English football and rugby league finals during the redevelopment of Wembley Stadium.
The Cardiff City Stadium is currently the home of the Wales national football team.

Sport Wales is responsible for sport in Wales.

In 2008/09, Cardiff had the highest percentage (61%) of residents who regularly participated in sport and active recreation out of all 22 local authorities in Wales, whereas Rhondda Cynon Taf had the lowest (24%).

Llanelli
Llanelli (Welsh for 'St Elli's Parish'; Welsh: [ɬaˈnɛɬi] ⓘ) is a market town and community in Carmarthenshire and the preserved county of Dyfed, Wales. It is on the estuary of the River Loughor and is the largest town in the county of Carmarthenshire.

The town is 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Swansea and 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Carmarthen. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 25,366, and the built up area had a population of 42,155. The local authority was Llanelli Borough Council when the county of Dyfed existed, and it has been under Carmarthenshire County Council since 1996.
1214 Richilde
1214 Richilde, provisional designation 1932 AA, is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Max Wolf at Heidelberg Observatory in 1932. Any reference of the asteroid's name to a person is unknown.

La Silla Observatory
La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Several other telescopes are also located at the site and are partly maintained by ESO. The observatory is one of the largest in the Southern Hemisphere and was the first in Chile to be used by ESO.

The La Silla telescopes and instruments are located in the North of the Coquimbo region, 150 km northeast of La Serena, on the outskirts of the Atacama Desert, one of the driest and most remote areas in the world. Like other observatories in this region, La Silla is far from sources of light pollution and, like the Paranal Observatory—home to the Very Large Telescope—it has some of the darkest night skies on Earth.
Dorf Mecklenburg-Bad Kleinen
Dorf Mecklenburg-Bad Kleinen is an Amt in the district of Nordwestmecklenburg, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The seat of the Amt is in Dorf Mecklenburg.

The Amt Dorf Mecklenburg-Bad Kleinen consists of the following municipalities:

Bad Kleinen

Barnekow

Bobitz

Dorf Mecklenburg

Groß Stieten

Hohen Viecheln

Lübow

Metelsdorf

Ventschow

Dorf Mecklenburg
Dorf Mecklenburg is a municipality in the Nordwestmecklenburg district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is located 6 km south of Wismar. It is home to the castle "Mikilenburg" (Old German: "big castle"), that gave its name to the whole region known as Mecklenburg.
Antonio Isopi
Antonio Isopi  (5 February 1758 – 3 October 1833) was a Roman sculptor of Classicism mainly working at the court of the Dukes (later Kings) of Württemberg. Antonio Aloysius Petrus Isopi first lived and worked in his home city as a sculptor and soon specialized on restoring antique pieces of art. The iron cast Württemberg heraldic animals lion and hart  – still to be seen in front of Stuttgart's New Castle – are one of his major works.

New Palace, Stuttgart
The New Palace (German: Neues Schloss) is an 18th-century Baroque palace in Stuttgart and is one of the last large city palaces built in Southern Germany. The palace is located on the Schlossplatz in front of the Jubiläumssäule column and Königsbau. Public tours of the building are only permitted by special arrangement, as the building contains some government offices. Once a historic residence of the kings of Württemberg, the New Palace derives its name from its commissioning by Duke Carl Eugen of Württemberg to replace the Old Castle in the early years of his reign. Originally, Charles commissioned Nikolaus Friedrich Thouret, but architects Leopoldo Retti, Philippe de La Guêpière, Reinhard Heinrich Ferdinand Fischer would contribute to the design, history, and construction of the palace.

The palace was heavily bombed in World War II, leaving only a shell. It was finally agreed to rebuild it in 1957.
Dirtbox (cell phone)
A dirtbox (or DRT box) is a cell site simulator, a phone device mimicking a cell phone tower, that creates a signal strong enough to cause nearby dormant mobile phones to switch to it. Mounted on aircraft, it has been used by the United States Marshals Service since at least 2007 to locate and collect information from cell phones believed to be connected with criminal activity. It can also be used to jam phones. The device's name comes from the company that developed it, Digital Receiver Technology, Inc. (DRT), owned by the Boeing Company. Boeing describes the device as a hybrid of "jamming, managed access and detection".: 1  A similar device with a smaller range, the controversial StingRay phone tracker, has been widely used by U.S. federal entities, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

Mobile phone jammer
A mobile phone jammer or blocker is a device which deliberately transmits signals on the same radio frequencies as mobile phones, disrupting the communication between the phone and the cell-phone base station, effectively disabling mobile phones within the range of the jammer, preventing them from receiving signals and from transmitting them. Jammers can be used in practically any location, but are found primarily in places where a phone call would be particularly disruptive because silence is expected, such as entertainment venues.

Because they disrupt the operations of legitimate mobile phone services, the use of such blocking devices is illegal in many jurisdictions, especially without a licence. When operational, such devices also block access to emergency services.
Proeidosa polysema
Proeidosa polysema, the polysema skipper or spinifex sand-skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Australia in the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia.

The wingspan is about 30 mm (1.2 in).

The larvae feed on Triodia species, including Triodia microstachya, Triodia pungens and Triodia mitchellii.

Triodia (plant)
Triodia is a large genus of hummock grass endemic to Australia.  The species of this genus are known by the common name spinifex, although they are not a part of the coastal genus Spinifex. Many soft-leaved Triodia species were formerly included in the genus Plectrachne. Triodia is known as tjanpi (grass) in central Australia, and have several traditional uses amongst the Aboriginal Australian peoples of the region.

A multiaccess key (SpiKey) is available as a free application for identifying the Triodia of the Pilbara (28 species and one hybrid).
Lung Fu Shan Country Park
Lung Fu Shan Country Park, established 18 December 1998, is a country park in the Central and Western District of Hong Kong. It covers the densely vegetated slopes of Lung Fu Shan (aka. Hill Above Belcher's), and includes the disused Pinewood Battery as well as the Pinewood Garden picnic area, providing a scenic backdrop to the residential and commercial districts of Hong Kong Island.

In proximity to the Mid-levels and the Western District, Lung Fu Shan is intensively used by members of the public, especially by morning walkers and picnickers. It is situated to the north of Pok Fu Lam Country Park. Towards the east of Lung Fu Shan Country Park is Hatton Road, to the south is Harlech Road whereas to the north and west is a covered conduit constructed by the Waterworks Office. This country park covers an area of about 47 hectares (120 acres), making it the smallest country park in Hong Kong.

Water Supplies Department
The Water Supplies Department (WSD; Chinese: 水務署) is the department under the Development Bureau of the Government of Hong Kong of the People's Republic of China providing a reliable and adequate supply of wholesome potable water and sea water to customers in Hong Kong. The headquarter office is located at the Immigration Tower on Gloucester Road.
Mario Leone
Mario Leone (24 August 1922 – 17 November 2013) was an Italian politician who served as president of Tuscany from 1978 to 1983.

A member of the Italian Socialist Party, he also served as deputy mayor of Florence from 1970 to 1974. Leone was elected at the Regional Council of Tuscany in 1975. He was among the founders of the Istituto storico della Resistenza in Toscana (Historical Institute of the Tuscan Resistance).

Regional Council of Tuscany
The Regional Council of Tuscany (Italian: Consiglio Regionale della Toscana) is the legislative assembly of Tuscany. It was first elected in 1970, when the ordinary regions were instituted, on the basis of the Constitution of Italy of 1948.
Transport in Białystok
This is a sub-article to Białystok

Białystok is, and has been for centuries, the main hub of transportation for the Podlaskie Voivodeship and the entire northeastern section of Poland. It is a major city on the European Union roadways (Via Baltica) and railways (Rail Baltica) to the Baltic Republics and Finland. It is also a main gateway of trade with Belarus due to its proximity to the border and its current and longstanding relationship with Hrodno, Belarus. Passenger trains do connect from Suwałki, Hrodno and Lithuania to Warsaw and the rest of the European passenger network. An extensive public transportation system is provided within the city by three bus services, but no tram or subway exists.

A civil airport, Białystok-Krywlany Airport, lies within the city limits, but does not provide regularly scheduled service.

Bielsk Podlaski
Bielsk Podlaski [ˈbʲɛlsk pɔdˈlaskʲi] ⓘ (Belarusian: Бельск Падляскі, Lithuanian: Palenkės Belskas, Yiddish: ביעלסק, romanized: Bielsk) is a town in eastern Poland, within Bielsk County in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 24,883.
Derry, Pennsylvania
There are also four Derry Townships in Pennsylvania.

Derry is a borough in Westmoreland County in Pennsylvania, 45 miles (72 km) east of Pittsburgh. The Borough of Derry, consisting of the town area, should not be confused with Derry Township, which is a separate municipality surrounding the borough. The population was 2,637 at the 2020 census.

Borough (Pennsylvania)
In the United States Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, a borough (sometimes spelled boro) is a self-governing municipal entity, equivalent to a town in most jurisdictions, usually smaller than a city, but with a similar population density in its residential areas.  Sometimes thought of as "junior cities", boroughs generally have fewer powers and responsibilities than full-fledged cities.
Bruce baronets of Balcaskie (1668)
The Bruce Baronetcy, of Balcaskie in Scotland, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 21 October 1668 for the architect William Bruce. He was a descendant of Robert Bruce, brother of Edward Bruce, 1st Lord Bruce of Kinloss, ancestor of the Earls of Elgin. His son, the second Baronet, was one of the Scottish representatives to the 1st Parliament of Great Britain. The title became extinct on his death in 1711.

Earl of Elgin
Earl of Elgin (/ˈɛlɡɪn/ ELG-in) is a title in the Peerage of Scotland, created in 1633 for Thomas Bruce, 3rd Lord Kinloss. He was later created Baron Bruce, of Whorlton in the County of York, in the Peerage of England on 30 July 1641. The Earl of Elgin is the hereditary Clan Chief of Clan Bruce.
Geoffrey of St John
Geoffrey of St. John (died 1258) was an English-born clergyman who became Bishop of Ferns.

He came to Ireland in the entourage of his predecessor as Bishop, John of St John, who is thought to have been his brother. John first appeared in Ireland in 1212 as a royal clerk who was attached to the Exchequer of Ireland. Geoffrey became Treasurer of Limerick Cathedral, and was presented to the living of Carrickfergus in 1224. He later became Chancellor of Ferns Cathedral.

Like his predecessor he served as Chief Escheator of Ireland, being appointed in 1250, and as a justice in eyre  from 1252, becoming senior justice in 1255. On the death of Bishop John, which probably occurred in 1253, Geoffrey was elected to succeed him in 1254. He died before May 1258.

Carrickfergus
Carrickfergus (from Irish Carraig Fhearghais [ˌkaːɾˠəɟ ˈaɾˠɣəʃ]ⓘ, meaning "Fergus' rock") is a large town in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It sits on the north shore of Belfast Lough, 11 miles (18 km) from Belfast. The town had a population of 28,141 at the 2021 census. It is County Antrim's oldest town and one of the oldest towns in Ireland as a whole. Carrickfergus Castle, built in the late 12th century at the behest of Anglo-Norman knight John de Courcy, was the capital of the Earldom of Ulster. After the earldom's collapse, it remained the only English outpost in Ulster for the next four centuries. Carrickfergus was the administrative centre for Carrickfergus Borough Council, before this was amalgamated into the Mid and East Antrim District Council in 2015, and forms part of the Belfast Metropolitan Area. It is also a townland of 65 acres, a civil parish and a barony.
Meelon, Western Australia
Meelon is a small townsite in the Peel region of Western Australia, located between Pinjarra and Dwellingup within the Shire of Murray. At the 2011 census, Meelon had a population of 224.

It was originally established as a saw-milling site by the local timber industry in the 1900s and was serviced by a siding on the Pinjarra-Narrogin railway. Following the decline of the industry in the 1950s, Meelon all but disappeared, and today primarily consists of medium-acreage farms which are dependent on Pinjarra for services. The Hotham Valley Railway, a tourist railway, passes through but does not stop in Meelon.

The locality is home to two heritage-listed homesteads, the Kirkham House, also referred to as Riverdale and dating back to 1900, and the Burnside Homestead, constructed in 1860.

Peel (Western Australia)
The Peel region is one of the nine regional regions of Western Australia, as defined by the Regional Development Commissions Act 1993. It is located on the west coast of Western Australia, about 75 kilometres (47 mi) south of the state capital, Perth. It consists of the City of Mandurah, and the Shires of Boddington, Murray, Serpentine-Jarrahdale and Waroona.

The total area of the region is 6,648 square kilometres (2,567 sq mi). In 2017, Peel had a population of 136,854, of which over sixty percent lived in Mandurah. In June 2019 the total population for the constituent Local Government Areas (LGAs) was 142,960, within an area of 5,516.3 square kilometres (2,129.9 sq mi).
Lake-Lehman School District
The Lake-Lehman School District is a small, American public school district that is partly located in Luzerne County and partly in Wyoming County. It also serves Ross Township, Jackson Township, Harvey’s Lake Borough, and Lake Township as well as Noxen Township in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania.

Jackson Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania
Jackson Township is a township in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Back Mountain, a 118 square mile region in northern Luzerne County. The population was 4,761 as of the 2020 census.
Jerram
Jerram is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Escombe Jerram 1906–1910

Charles Jerram (1770–1853), Church of England vicar

Dougal Jerram (born 1969), British earth scientist

George Jerram (1904–1948), Australian rules footballer

Luke Jerram (born 1974), British modern installation artist

Martyn Jerram (1858–1933), Royal Navy officer

Mary Jerram (born 1945), Australian State Coroner

Nigel Jerram (1900–1968), English cricketer

Sidney Jerram (1891—1959), Welsh rugby player

George Jerram
George Henry William Jerram (15 August 1904 – 20 May 1948) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Geelong and North Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL), and with Williamstown in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).
Orenburg Oblast
Orenburg Oblast (also Orenburzhye) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), mainly located in Eastern Europe, with some land in the southern and eastern portions of the oblast falling within Asia. Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. From 1938 to 1957, it bore the name Chkalov Oblast in honor of Valery Chkalov. As of the 2021 Census, the oblast had a population of 1,862,767, down from 2,033,072 in the 2010 Census.

Valery Chkalov
Valery Pavlovich Chkalov (Russian: Вале́рий Па́влович Чка́лов; IPA: [vɐˈlʲerʲɪj ˈpavləvʲɪtɕ ˈtɕkaləf]; 2 February [O.S. 20 January] 1904 – 15 December 1938) was a Russian/Soviet test pilot awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union (1936).
Nool Veli
Nool Veli (/veɪli/ transl. Fence of Yarn) is a 1979 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by K. Balachander starring Sarath Babu, Sujatha and Saritha in prominent roles. It was made simultaneously in Telugu as Guppedu Manasu (transl. Fist-sized heart), and is a remake of the 1977 Malayalam film Aa Nimisham. Kamal Haasan does a guest role in both Tamil and Telugu versions. Nool Veli was released on 7 September 1979, and Guppedu Manasu on 2 November the same year.

Sarath Babu
Sathyam Babu Dixithulu (31 July 1951 – 22 May 2023), known by his stage name Sarath Babu, was an Indian actor who worked predominantly in Tamil and Telugu cinema. He appeared in more than 300 films, including in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and a few Malayalam and Hindi films. He has received eight state Nandi Awards.

Babu was noted for his height, handsome looks, and charming smile throughout his acting career, which spanned for around five decades. He was known for his compelling screen presence, especially known for his camaraderie with Rajinikanth in the films where the duo acted together. He had also shared screen space with Kamal Haasan in many films.
Wallraf
Wallraf is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Max Wallraf (18 September 1859 – 6 September 1941), German politician who served as mayor of Cologne from 1907 to 1917

Ferdinand Franz Wallraf (20 July 1748 - 18 March 1824), German botanist,  mathematician, theologian, art collector and Roman Catholic priest

Max Wallraf
Ludwig Theodor Ferdinand Max Wallraf (18 September 1859 – 6 September 1941) was a German politician who served as mayor of Cologne from 1907 to 1917. He was State Minister of the Interior from 1917 to 1918. As a German National People's Party politician, he was a member of the Reichstag from 1924 to 1930 and briefly served as its President in 1924/25.
Coleophora granulatella
Coleophora granulatella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is known from most of Europe to China. It was recently reported from North America, with records from Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon, Arizona, Colorado, Michigan, Wyoming, and Washington.

The wingspan is 11–13 mm.

The larvae feed on Artemisia campestris. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Coleophoridae
The Coleophoridae are a family of small moths, belonging to the huge superfamily Gelechioidea. Collectively known as case-bearers, casebearing moths or case moths, this family is represented on all continents, but the majority are found in temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere. They are most common in the Palearctic, and rare in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Australia; consequently, they probably originated (like most or all other Gelechioidea families) in northern Eurasia. They are relatively common in houses, they seek out moist areas to rest and procreate.