hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Royal Commission on London Squares
The Royal Commission on London Squares, also known as the Londonderry Commission, was a royal commission created in 1927 regarding the urban open spaces of London, England. Its report in 1928 led to the enactment of the London Squares Preservation Act 1931 (21 & 22 Geo. 5. c. xciii).

The terms of reference of the commission were:

"To inquire and report on the squares and similar open spaces existing in the area of the administrative county of London with special reference to the conditions on which they are held and used and the desirability of their preservation as open spaces and to recommend whether any or all of them should be permanently safeguarded against any use detrimental to their character as open spaces, and, if so, by what means and on what terms and conditions."

The commission was chaired by Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, the Marquess of Londonderry.

Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry
Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry, KG, MVO, PC, PC (Ire) (13 May 1878 – 10 February 1949), styled Lord Stewart until 1884 and Viscount Castlereagh between 1884 and 1915, was a British peer and politician. He is best remembered in Great Britain for his tenure as Secretary of State for Air in the 1930s and for his attempts to reach an understanding with Nazi Germany. In 1935, he was removed from the Air Ministry but retained in the Cabinet as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the House of Lords. In Ireland, especially within Ulster, Lord Londonderry is best remembered for his opposition to Home Rule for Ireland in the early twentieth century.
Sascha Panknin
Sascha Panknin (born March 19, 1967) is a German musician, songwriter and record producer, and a founding member and bassist of the band disjam.

His 5000 Records label has released artists such as TGFA, Deja-Move, Superpulse, James Newton Adams and the compilation series Brazil 5000.

He has also played on German chart-topper albums of Die Fantastischen Vier and Fettes Brot, and has collaborated with UK artists Lemn Sissay, (Dr.) Robert Howard and Martin Glover.

He is also a member of the bands James Newton Adams and Superpulse.

Youth (musician)
Martin Glover (born 27 December 1960), better known by his stage name Youth, is a British musician and record producer. He is a founding member and bassist of the rock band Killing Joke, and a member of the Fireman, along with Paul McCartney.
2025 Diamond League
The 2025 Diamond League was the sixteenth season of the annual series of outdoor track and field meetings, organised by World Athletics. The competition was a revision to the top level athletics series since Diamond League foundation in 2010. The number of Diamond Discipline events was 32. Each meeting hosted a number of Diamond Discipline events and some of these events would not be broadcast. Events losing Diamond Discipline status would feature on the World Athletics Continental Tour, the second tier of track and field meetings.

Starting in 2025, each meeting nominated 4 events (2 male and 2 female) to be Diamond+ Disciplines, these events will have increased levels of prize money; this will mean at regular meetings a doubling of the 1st place prize from $10,000 to $20,000 and at the Diamond League Finals an increase to $50,000.

The series concluded with the Diamond League Finals in Zürich, on the 27th and 28th August 2025.

World Athletics Continental Tour
The World Athletics Continental Tour is an annual series of independent track and field athletic competitions, recognised by World Athletics (formerly known as the IAAF). The Tour forms the second tier of international one-day meetings after the Diamond League. First held in 2020, it replaced the IAAF World Challenge series.

Initially divided into three levels – Gold, Silver and Bronze – the Continental Tour was expanded in 2022 with the fourth tier: Challenger. The Gold meetings are organised globally, with investment from World Athletics, and represent the second tier of meetings in the sport. Area associations are responsible for managing the Silver and Bronze level competitions.
Muehlenbeckia astonii
Muehlenbeckia astonii, commonly known as the shrubby tororaro, is an endemic New Zealand shrub in the family Polygonaceae. It is found in both the North and the South Islands and has distinctive small heart-shaped deciduous leaves amidst a tangle of wiry interlocking branches. Although common in cultivation around the world, it is extremely rare and threatened in the wild. Its conservation status is "Nationally Endangered".

Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora
Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora is a shallow coastal lagoon or waituna, in the Canterbury region of the South Island of New Zealand. It is directly to the west of Banks Peninsula, separated from the Pacific Ocean by the long, narrow, sandy Kaitorete Spit. It lies partially in extreme southeastern Selwyn District and partially in the city of Christchurch's district. The lake holds high historical and cultural significance to the indigenous Māori population and the traditional Māori name Te Waihora means spreading waters. It has officially had a dual English/Māori name since at least 1938.
Murray River bridge, Barham
The Murray River bridge is a heritage-listed road bridge that carries Main Road across the Murray River located at Barham in the Murray River Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Department of Public Works and built in 1904 by John Monash. The bridge is also known as the Barham Bridge over Murray River and the Barham bridge. The bridge is owned by the Murray River Council and was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 20 June 2000.

Engineers Australia
Engineers Australia (EA), known formally as the Institution of Engineers, Australia, is an Australian professional body and not-for-profit organisation whose purpose is to advance the science and practice of engineering for the benefit of the community. Engineers Australia is Australia's recognised organisation for accreditation of professional engineering qualifications under the Washington Accord. As of 2022, EA has 115,000 members, which includes 31,000 students.
Lviv Border Detachment
The Lviv Border Detachment (MUN 2144) also known as the Carpathian Border Detachment is a brigade level detachment of the Western Department of the State Border Service of Ukraine. The detachment guards the Poland-Ukraine border in four Raions (Lviv Raion, Sambir Raion, Yavoriv Raion and Sheptytskyi Raion) of Lviv Oblast. The detachment guards a total border length of 279 km including 50 km riverine and 107 km mountainous.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Quartet of Five
Quartet of Five (German: Quartett zu fünft) is a 1949 East German drama film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Claus Holm, Yvonne Merin and Ruth Piepho.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Artur Günther, Karl Schneider and Erich Zander.

Gerhard Lamprecht
Gerhard Lamprecht (6 October 1897 – 4 May 1974) was a German film director, screenwriter and film historian. He directed 63 films between 1920 and 1958. He also wrote for 26 films between 1918 and 1958.
John Passmore (politician)
John Passmore was an American politician. He served as the first mayor of Lancaster, Pennsylvania from 1818 to 1820.
Resided at a colonial mansion built in 1750 by Thomas Poultney (merchant) on the corner of Shippen and East Orange Streets in Lancaster, PA. An historical marker was placed in front of this house in 1950.

Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Lancaster is a city in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 58,039 at the 2020 census, it is the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is a core city within South Central Pennsylvania, with 552,984 residents in the Lancaster metropolitan area.

Settled in the 1720s, Lancaster is one of the oldest inland cities in the US. It served as the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812. The city's primary industries include healthcare, tourism, public administration, manufacturing, and both professional and semi-professional services. Lancaster is located 59 miles (95 km) southwest of Allentown and 61 miles (98 km) west of Philadelphia and is a hub of Pennsylvania Dutch Country.
In-cell charge control
In-Cell Charge Control or I-C3 is a method for very rapid charging of a Nickel-metal hydride battery, patented by Rayovac. Batteries using this technology are commonly sold as "15-minute rechargeables".

The charge control consists of a pressure switch built into the cell, which disconnects the charging current when the internal cell pressure rises above a certain limit; usually 200 pounds per square inch (1.4 MPa) to 300 pounds per square inch (2.1 MPa). This prevents overcharging and damage to the cell.

Pascal (unit)
The pascal (symbol: Pa) is the unit of pressure in the International System of Units (SI). It is also used to quantify internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength. The unit, named after Blaise Pascal, is an SI coherent derived unit defined as one newton per square metre (N/m2). It is also equivalent to 10 barye (10 Ba) in the CGS system. Common multiple units of the pascal are the hectopascal (1 hPa = 100 Pa), which is equal to one millibar, and the kilopascal (1 kPa = 1,000 Pa), which is equal to one centibar.

The unit of measurement called standard atmosphere (atm) is defined as 101325 Pa.
Meteorological observations typically report atmospheric pressure in hectopascals per the recommendation of the World Meteorological Organization, thus a standard atmosphere or typical sea-level air pressure is about 1,013 hPa. Reports in the United States typically use inches of mercury or millibars (hectopascals). In Canada, these reports are given in kilopascals.
Benjamin Bloom
Benjamin Samuel Bloom (February 21, 1913 – September 13, 1999) was an American educational psychologist and didactician who made contributions to the classification of educational objectives and to the theory of mastery learning. He has greatly influenced the practices and philosophies of educators around the world from the latter part of the twentieth century.

Perhaps his most significant contribution to the field of education was developing a comprehensive system of describing, assessing and classifying educational outcomes, now known as Bloom's taxonomy.

Didactic method
A didactic method (from Greek: διδάσκειν didáskein, "to teach") is a teaching method that follows a consistent scientific approach or educational style to present information to students. The didactic method of instruction is often contrasted with dialectics and the Socratic method; the term can also be used to refer to a specific didactic method, as for instance constructivist didactics.
Royal studies
Royal studies is the academic research of the institution of monarchy across time and place including dynasties or royal families, relations with the nobility, aristocracies and commoners, royal courts, the relationship between monarchy and religion and the theory and practice of rulership.

Royal family
A royal family is the immediate family of monarchs and sometimes their extended family.

The term imperial family appropriately describes the family of an emperor or empress, and the term papal family describes the family of a pope, while the terms baronial family, comital family, ducal family, archducal family, grand ducal family, or princely family are more appropriate to describe, respectively, the relatives of a reigning baron, count/earl, duke, archduke, grand duke, or prince.

However, in common parlance members of any family which reigns by hereditary right are often referred to as royalty or "royals". It is also customary in some circles to refer to the extended relations of a deposed monarch and their descendants as a royal family. A dynasty is sometimes referred to as the "House of ...". In July 2013 there were 26 active sovereign dynasties in the world that ruled or reigned over 43 monarchies.
Tshiame
Tshiame is a settlement 12 km west of Harrismith in Maluti-a-Phofung Local Municipality, Thabo Mofutsanyana District Municipality in the Free State province of South Africa. It is named after Tshiame Kenneth Mopeli, Chief Minister of the defunct QwaQwa homeland.

The census area includes the QwaQwa industrial sites. The full perimeter of the industrial area is fenced in by modern technology, creating a "see-through wall" of wire mesh standing three metres tall. The fencing-in was done as a security measure, to keep unwanted elements out as a means to curb crime perpetrated in the area.

The settlement borders the N5 national road leading to Durban and the rest of KwaZulu-Natal, and is situated just north of the Sterkfontein Dam, a major water reservoir and the second largest dam by volume in South Africa. The large town of Phuthaditjhaba in the former QwaQwa lies further south of Tshiame.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.
Joseph T. Flanigan
Joseph T. Flanigan (June 15, 1894 – January 2, 1970) was a member of the Michigan House of Representatives 1951-1952 for Genesee County, 1st District. Born in Defiance County, Ohio, Flanigan served in the US Army during World War I.

After his discharge as a Sergeant with the Sixty-fifth Engineer Tank Corps in France during World War I, he moved to Flint, Michigan. There, he was known as "Flint's Number One Irishman" because of how he represented the city of Flint.

Genesee County, Michigan
Genesee County (/ˈdʒɛnəsi/ JEN-ə-see) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 406,211, and was estimated to be 402,279 in 2024, making it the fifth-most populous county in Michigan, and the most populous in Mid-Michigan. The county seat and largest city is Flint (birthplace of General Motors). Genesee County consists of 33 cities, townships, and villages. It is considered to be a part of Mid-Michigan.

The county was named after Genesee County, New York, which in turn comes from the Seneca word Gen-nis'-hee-yo, meaning "Beautiful Valley". Genesee County comprises the Flint, MI Metropolitan statistical area. A major attraction for visitors is Crossroads Village, a living history village north of Flint.

Genesee County is noted for having had the fossil of an ancient whale known as Balaenoptera Lacepede unearthed in Thetford Township during quarry work and estimated at 11,000 years old.
5-demicubic honeycomb
The 5-demicube honeycomb (or demipenteractic honeycomb) is a uniform space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) in Euclidean 5-space. It is constructed as an alternation of the regular 5-cube honeycomb.

It is the first tessellation in the demihypercube honeycomb family which, with all the next ones, is not regular, being composed of two different types of uniform facets. The 5-cubes become alternated into 5-demicubes h{4,3,3,3} and the alternated vertices create 5-orthoplex {3,3,3,4} facets.

5-cube
In five-dimensional geometry, a 5-cube (or penteract) is a five-dimensional hypercube with 32 vertices, 80 edges,  80 square faces, 40 cubic cells, and 10 tesseract 4-faces.

It is represented by Schläfli symbol {4,3,3,3} or {4,33}, constructed as 3 tesseracts, {4,3,3}, around each cubic ridge.
Christine Essel
Christine "Chris" Essel is the President of Southern California Grantmakers (SCG), a regional association of philanthropic leaders whose mission is to support and advance effective, responsible philanthropy for the public good.

Prior to SCG, Essel was the chief executive officer of the Community Redevelopment Agency, Los Angeles and the former Senior Vice President at Paramount Pictures leading the planning and development as well as government and community relations departments. She was a candidate in the December 8, 2009 general election for Los Angeles City Council District 2.

Richard Riordan
Richard Joseph Riordan (May 1, 1930 – April 19, 2023) was an American businessman, investor, military commander, philanthropist, and politician. A decorated Korean War veteran and a member of the Republican Party, Riordan served as the 39th mayor of Los Angeles from 1993 to 2001; he remains the most recent Republican to hold that office. He ran for governor in the 2002 California gubernatorial election, losing the Republican primary. After politics, he resumed his business career, specializing in private equity.
2025–26 Taça da Liga
The 2025–26 Taça da Liga was the nineteenth edition of the Taça da Liga (also known as Allianz Cup for sponsorship reasons), a football league cup competition organised by the Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional and contested exclusively by clubs competing in the two professional divisions of Portuguese football – the top-tier Primeira Liga and the second-tier Liga Portugal 2. It was the second season featuring only eight teams in the competition.

Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional
The Liga Portugal (English: Portugal League), also known by its acronym LP, is a league that manages professional football club competitions in Portugal. It was founded in 1978 as Liga Portuguesa dos Clubes de Futebol Profissional and works as an autonomous entity under the authority of the Portuguese Football Federation. In 1991, it changed its name to Liga Portuguesa de Futebol Profissional and in the year 2020, rebranded as Liga Portugal.

The LP is responsible for the organisation and supervision of the top two leagues, Liga Portugal, Liga Portugal 2 and of the Taça da Liga, a knockout cup competition limited to the clubs competing in these professional leagues (except reserve or B teams).

The current president is Reinaldo Teixeira, who has been in office since 11 April 2025.
Hender Robartes
Hender Robartes (November 1635 – 31 January 1688) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1660 to 1687.

Robartes was the younger son of John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor and his first wife, Lucy Rich, second daughter of Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick. He was educated at Felsted School in Essex and Christ's College, Cambridge.

He was a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber from 1661 to 1685.

In 1660, Robartes was elected Member of Parliament for Bodmin in the Convention Parliament. He was re-elected in 1661 for the Cavalier Parliament and after that sat continuously until his death in 1688. Unlike his father, who played a major part in public life, he seems to have been a completely inactive MP.

He died unmarried at the age of 52 and was buried at St Hydroc's church, Lanhydrock.

Robartes was the brother of Robert Robartes and Francis Robartes.

Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick
Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (May/June 1587 – 19 April 1658) was an English naval officer, politician, and peer who commanded the Parliamentarian navy during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Puritan, he was also lord of the Manor of Hunningham.
Eumetriochroa araliella
Eumetriochroa araliella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in Japan (Mie, Nara, Fukuoka, Kagoshima (Amami Islands) prefectures) and Korea.

The wingspan is 5–8.1 mm. The larvae feed on various species in the family Araliaceae: Dendropanax trifidus, Eleutherococcus sciadophylloides, Evodiopanax innovans, and Fatsia japonica, mining the leaves of their host plants.

Araliaceae
The Araliaceae are a family of flowering plants composed of about 43 genera and around 1500 species consisting of primarily woody plants and some herbaceous plants commonly called the ivy or ginseng family. The morphology of Araliaceae varies widely, but it is predominantly distinguishable based on its woody habit, tropical distribution, and the presence of simple umbels.

There are numerous plants of economic importance. Some genera, such as Hedera (the ivies), Fatsia (Japanese aralias) and Heptapleurum (formerly Schefflera, the umbrella trees), are used as ornamental foliage plants. The family also includes Panax ginseng, the root of which is ginseng, used in traditional Chinese medicine.
There's Nothing in the Water We Can't Fight
"There's Nothing in the Water We Can't Fight" is a song by Australian band Cloud Control. It was released in July 2010 as the fourth single from their debut studio album, Bliss Release.

Band member Alister Wright told Double J the song was written after a trip to India, saying, "I was in a hotel room looking out over this alleyway and there was like a funeral procession. They're all just walking down the street, banging their chests and screaming out. It was such a passionate kind of celebration of someone. I just thought it was really cool. And the lyrics aren't really literal. Like, I'm not describing something, but I just tried to put that kind of feeling into the performance."

The song was voted 18 in the Triple J Hottest 100, 2010.

Double J (radio station)
Double J is an Australian digital radio station owned by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. A sister station of the youth-oriented Triple J, it was founded in 2002 as Dig Music and aims to appeal to an older audience with a more refined music catalogue, as well as archive content from Triple J's library. It is available to stream online or via the DAB+ network in Australia.
Bath School of Art and Design
Bath School of Art and Design is an art college in Bath, England, now known separately as the Bath School of Art and the Bath School of Design. It forms part of the Bath Spa University whose main campus is located a few miles from the City at Newton Park, between Newton St Loe and Corston, in North Somerset, just outside the city of Bath. Bath School of Art is based at the new, award-winning Locksbrook Campus, on the river Avon, in the west of the city. Bath School of Design is spread across Locksbrook and Sion Hill Campuses. The present Heads of School are Dan Allen (School of Art) and Kerry Curtis (School of Design).

Corston, Somerset
Corston is a small village and civil parish close to the River Avon and situated on the A39 road in the Bath and North East Somerset unitary authority, Somerset, England. The parish has a population of 494.
Edna Dummerth
Edna Dummerth (née Frank; June 15, 1924 – October 8, 2017) played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) in 1944. She was born in St. Louis, Missouri and known by her nickname "Frankie".

Dummerth got into the game during her high school years where she earned a reputation for being a good catcher.  Thereafter, when she was 20 she started playing for the Minneapolis Millerettes and then, in the same year, for the Racine Belles. She both threw and batted right-handed.  After playing just 16 games, she left the League and joined the United States Navy. After leaving the navy she married Robert A. Dummerth and had eight children.

In 1989 Dummerth was honored by the St. Louis Cardinals.

Dummerth died on October 8, 2017.

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League
The All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) was a professional women's baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley, which existed from 1943 to 1954. The AAGPBL is the forerunner of women's professional league sports in the United States.  Over 600 women played in the league, which eventually consisted of 10 teams located in the American Midwest. In 1948, league attendance peaked at over 900,000 spectators. The most successful team, the Rockford Peaches, won a league-best four championships.

The 1992 film A League of Their Own and the 2022 television show of the same name are mostly fictionalized accounts of the league and its stars. Sixty-five original AAGPBL members appeared in scenes for the movie filmed in October 1991 recreating the induction of the league into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1988.