hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean B. Bingham
Jean Barrus Bingham (born June 10, 1952) was the 17th Relief Society General President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from April 2017 to August 2022.

Bingham was born in Provo, Utah to Robert R. Barrus and Edith Joy Clark. Bingham was raised in New Jersey, Minnesota, and Texas. In Minneapolis, Minnesota, her father served in the LDS Church's local congregation as its bishop, and she did minor aid in helping build a new chapel. She lived in New Jersey during her high school years. She has an associate degree from Elgin Community College and another from Brigham Young University (BYU), along with bachelor's and master's degrees in teaching from National Louis University. After graduating, she moved to Illinois and also lived in Wisconsin. Bingham taught English as a second language and also worked as a nurse's aid.

National Louis University
National Louis University (NLU) is a private university with its main campus in Chicago, Illinois, United States. NLU enrolls undergraduate and graduate students in more than 60 programs across its four colleges. It has locations throughout the Chicago metropolitan area as well as a regional campus in Tampa, Florida, where it serves students from 13 counties in that state's central region.

Since its founding in 1886, NLU has played a historic role in the education sector. Its founders helped start the National Kindergarten Movement, helped inaugurate the National Parent Teacher Association (PTA), and promoted the importance of academic and professional training in early childhood education theory and practice.

NLU alumni have served in Illinois state government and received multiple James Beard awards; 76 alumni from its National College of Education have received honorary recognition by the Golden Apple Foundations of Chicago and Rockford.
Gopendraraja
Gopendraraja (died 784), also known as Gopendraka, was the king of the Chahamana dynasty from 771 to 784.

Gopendra succeeded his brother Chandraraja I as the Chahamana king. According to Prithviraja Vijaya, their father was Vigraharaja I. The later Hammira Mahakavya, however, states that their father was Vigraharaja's ancestor Naradeva.

The Prabandha-Kosha states that Gopendra defeated one Sultan Beg Varisa in a battle. Historian R. B. Singh theorizes that Beg Varisa might have been a subordinate of the Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim.

Gopendra was succeeded by his nephew Durlabharaja I, who was the son of Chandraraja I.

Prabandha Kosha
Prabandha-Kosha (IAST: Prabandhakośa) is an Indian Sanskrit-language collection of prabandhas (legendary biographical narratives). It was compiled by the Jain scholar Rajashekhara Suri in 1349 CE. It describes the lives of 24 people, including 10 Jain scholars, 4 Sanskrit poets, 7 kings and 3 Jain householders. It is also known as Chaturvinshati Prabandha.

The content of the collection is based on the information that Rajashekhara obtained from his teacher Tilakasuri. He composed the work at Delhi, under the patronage of Madanasimha, whose father had been honoured by Shri Mahamad Shahi (probably Muhammad Tughluq).

Only the 7th prabandha in the collection (the one about Mallavadi-Suri) is written completely in verse form; the rest of the prabandhas use colloquial Sanskrit prose.
Zangskari language
Zangskari (Zanskari, Zaskari) is an endangered Tibetic language. It is a dialect of the Ladakhi language. It is mostly spoken in the Zanskar region of the Kargil district of Ladakh, India and also by Buddhists in the upper reaches of Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh, and Paddar, Jammu and Kashmir. It is written using the Tibetan script.

Zangskari is divided into four homogeneous groups, namely Oot (Stod) or Upper Zanskari spoken along the Doda River, Zhung (Gžun) or Central Zanskari mostly spoken in Padum valley, Sham (Gšam) or Lower Zanskari spoken along the lower portions of Zanskar River and lastly Lungnak (Luŋnag) along the upper Zanskar River region. A seminar on the documentation and revitalization of the Zanskari language was once held at GMDC Zanskar.

Paddar
Paddar, also spelled Padar (Hindi: pāḍar), is a sub-district and remote valley in the Kishtwar district of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It falls in the Jammu division. It consists of two tehsils: Machail and Atholi Paddar. The valley covers the entire southeastern portion of the Kishtwar district. It borders Zanskar (Ladakh) in the north and east, Pangi (Himachal Pradesh) in the south and the rest of Jammu and Kashmir in the west. The valley is known for its Sapphire mines. It lies along the Chenab river in the Great Himalayas. Paddar is one of the most remote regions of Jammu and Kashmir. There are a number of small valleys within Paddar, such as Machail, Gandhari, Kabban, Ongai, Bhuzunu, Barnaj, Bhuzas, Kijai Nallah, Ishtiyari, Tiyari and Dharlang, among others.
Ahmad Sedik
Ahmad Seddik Abdelhamid Mahdy (Arabic: أَحْمَد صِدِّيق عَبْد الْحَمِيد مَهْدِيّ; born August 16, 1983) is an Egyptian footballer. He is a very fast retired midfielder. He is a strong shooter.

He is not a regular in Al Ahly, but he took his advantage against Algerian JS Kabylie in his first African match, and displayed his evident class with a beautifully judged first-half free kick that represented his first goal for the club. Then, his shot just before half-time hit the upright but fell perfectly for Osama Hosny to make sure of the 2–0 triumph. This triumph was in the absence of injury victims Mohamed Aboutreika and Mohamed Barakat. This match writes the first line in Sedik's history, as it helped Al Ahly to retain its title and win CAF Champions League 2006. "1"

CAF Super Cup
The CAF Super Cup, known as TotalEnergies CAF Super Cup for sponsorship reasons, is an annual African association football competition contested between the winners of the CAF Champions League and the CAF Confederation Cup. The competition was first held in 1993 and is organized by the CAF.

Egyptian clubs have the highest number of victories (14 titles), Moroccan clubs have the largest number of winning teams, with four clubs from each having won the title. The competition has been won by 18 clubs, 6 of which have won it more than once.

Pyramids FC are the current defending champions, having beaten RS Berkane 1-0 in the 2025 CAF Super Cup. Al Ahly is the most successful club in the competition's history, having won the tournament a record 8 times.
Iparhi Agapi Edo
Iparhi Agapi Edo (Greek: Υπάρχει Αγάπη Εδώ; English: There Is Love Here) is the eleventh studio album by Greek singer Sakis Rouvas. It was first released in Greece on 7 December 2006 by Minos EMI. Iparhi Agapi Edo includes 15 tracks including a ballad called "Mikros Titanikos" (Se Latrevo) that was written especially for Rouvas by Yiannis Parios.  The album has also been released in Cyprus, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania, Italy and in other EU countries. The album reached number one on the Greek albums chart, and was certified Platinum within its first month of release.

IFPI Greece
International Federation of the Phonographic Industry Greece, or simply IFPI Greece, is the Greek branch of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) and is the official charts provider and recording sales certification body for Greece. The association compiles and publishes a Top 75 album sales chart.

The domestic trade name of IFPI Greece is "Ένωση Ελλήνων Παραγωγών Ηχογραφημάτων" (ΕΕΠΗ) (English: Association of Greek Producers of Phonograms [AGPP]). Despite that, 'IFPI Greece' is the name used to refer to the association and the name it is branded under.
Cutler Stack
Cutler Stack is a conspicuous sea stack extending 170 by 150 m (186 by 164 yd) and rising to 16 m (52 ft), lying off Ivanov Beach in the south of Barclay Bay, western Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.

The feature is named after Captain Benjamin Cutler, part owner of the American brig Frederick that visited the area in 1820–21, and Master of the sealing schooner Free Gift that visited the area in 1821–22; his name was found carved on a piece of whale vertebra excavated from a stone hut on Byers Peninsula by a FIDS survey party in 1957–58.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Zavdiel
Zavdiel (Hebrew: זַבְדִּיאֵל, lit. Gift of God) is a religious moshav in southern Israel.  Located in Hevel Lakhish near Kiryat Gat, it falls under the jurisdiction of Shafir Regional Council. In 2006, it had a population of 413.

Kiryat Gat
Kiryat Gat (Hebrew: קריית גת, lit. 'City of Gat') also spelled Qiryat Gat, is a city in the Southern District of Israel. It lies 56 km (35 miles) south of Tel Aviv, 43 km (27 mi) north of Beersheba, and 68 km (42 mi) west southwest of Jerusalem. In 2023 it had a population of 69,762. The city hosts one of the most advanced semiconductor fabrication plants in the world, Intel's Fab 28 plant producing 7 nm process chips.
B-heap
A B-heap is a binary heap implemented to keep subtrees in a single page. This reduces the number of pages accessed by up to a factor of ten for big heaps when using virtual memory, compared with the traditional implementation. The traditional mapping of elements to locations in an array puts almost every level in a different page.

There are other heap variants which are efficient in computers using virtual memory or caches, such as cache-oblivious algorithms, k-heaps, and van Emde Boas layouts.

Page (computer memory)
A page, memory page, or virtual page is a fixed-length contiguous block of virtual memory, described by a single entry in a page table. It is the smallest unit of data for memory management in an operating system that uses virtual memory. Similarly, a page frame is the smallest fixed-length contiguous block of physical memory into which memory pages are mapped by the operating system.

A transfer of pages between main memory and an auxiliary store, such as a hard disk drive, is referred to as paging or swapping.
Wyers Nunataks
Wyers Nunataks (67°13′S 49°43′E﻿ / ﻿67.217°S 49.717°E﻿ / -67.217; 49.717) is a group of nunataks at the base of Sakellari Peninsula, just west of Wyers Ice Shelf in Enderby Land. Plotted from air photos taken from ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) aircraft in 1956 and 1957. Named by Antarctic Names Committee of Australia (ANCA) for R.W.L. Wyers, glaciologist at Mawson Station in 1961.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Wyers Nunataks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions
The Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE /ænˈɑːri/ ann-AR-ee) is the historical name for the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP) administered for Australia by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD).
Triniteurybia
Triniteurybia aberrans, the Idaho goldenweed, is a species of flowering plant in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae. It is the only species in the genus Triniteurybia.

Triniteurybia aberrans is native to the United States, in the Sawtooth Mountains of Idaho and the Bitterroot Range of Montana.

Sawtooth Mountains Wilderness
Sawtooth Mountains Wilderness is a federal wilderness area of 32,136 acres (130.0 km2) in the Sawtooth Mountains in eastern San Diego County, California. It is located in the Colorado Desert, 35 miles (56 km) south of Borrego Springs, near Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.

This land was added to the National Wilderness Preservation System when the US Congress passed the California Desert Protection Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-433).  The Bureau of Land Management is the agency in charge of Sawtooth Mountains Wilderness.
Russian chanson
Russian chanson (Russian: русский шансон, romanized: russkiy shanson; from French "chanson") is a neologism for a musical genre covering a range of Russian songs, including city romance songs, author song performed by singer-songwriters, and blatnaya pesnya or "criminals' songs" that are based on the themes of the urban underclass and the criminal underworld.

Alexander Gorodnitsky
Alexander Moiseevich Gorodnitsky (born March 20, 1933) is a Soviet and Russian bard and poet.

He is the author of over 60 books, poems, songs, and other literary works. His song "Atlantes Hold the Heavens" is the official anthem of the Hermitage Museum and considered as unofficial anthem of Saint Petersburg.

Professionally, he is a geologist and oceanographer. Gorodnitsky is an author of over 250 scientific publications on geophysics and tectonics of ocean bottom.

Asteroid No. 5988 and a pass in the Sayan Mountains were named after Alexander Gorodnitsky.
Bocianicha
Bocianicha [bɔt͡ɕaˈnixa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zelów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Zelów, 17 km (11 mi) north-west of Bełchatów, and 35 km (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Bełchatów County
Bełchatów County (Polish: powiat bełchatowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bełchatów, which lies 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Zelów, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Bełchatów.

The county covers an area of 969.21 square kilometres (374.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 112,640, out of which the population of Bełchatów is 62,062, that of Zelów is 8,173, and the rural population is 42,405.
Livonian campaign (1617–1618)
Livonian campaign was the main theatre of the Polish–Swedish War (1617–1618). While the main Swedish objective to capture Riga failed, the Swedes managed to capture Pärnu, which they had for the next two years.

Polish–Swedish War (1617–1618)
The Polish–Swedish War (1617–1618) was a phase of the longer Polish–Swedish War of 1600–1629. It continued the war of 1600–1611 and was an attempt by Sweden to take Polish pressure off Russia.  The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was then also fighting Tartars and (on the southern front) the Ottoman Empire.  Russia and Sweden were at that stage allied, prior to the Ingrian War, part of Russia's Time of Troubles.  The 1617–1618 war's cause was a dispute over Livonia and Estonia, and a dispute between Sigismund III Vasa and Gustavus Adolphus over the Swedish throne.
Annals of Human Genetics
The Annals of Human Genetics is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering human genetics. It was established in 1925 by Karl Pearson as the Annals of Eugenics, with as subtitle, Darwin's epigram "I have no Faith in anything short of actual measurement and the rule of three". The journal obtained its current name in 1954 to reflect changing perceptions on eugenics.

Cross-multiplication
In mathematics, specifically in elementary arithmetic and elementary algebra, given an equation between two fractions or rational expressions, one can cross-multiply to simplify the equation or determine the value of a variable.

The method is also occasionally known as the "cross your heart" method because lines resembling a heart outline can be drawn to remember which things to multiply together.

Given an equation like

where b and d are not zero, one can cross-multiply to get

In Euclidean geometry the same calculation can be achieved by considering the ratios as those of similar triangles.
Phyllocnistis saligna
Phyllocnistis saligna is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from almost all Europe (except Ireland and possibly also parts of the Balkan Peninsula), as well as India, Sri Lanka, La Réunion and South Africa.

The wingspan is about 7 mm. Adults are on wing in two generations, in July and from September to April.

The larvae feed on Salix alba, Salix babylonica, Salix daphnoides, Salix × fragilis, Salix lanata, Salix matsudana, Salix purpurea, Salix × sepulcralis, Salix triandra and Salix viminalis. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Salix triandra
Salix triandra, with the common names almond willow, almond-leaved willow or black maul willow, is a species of willow native to Europe and Western and Central Asia. It is found from south-eastern England east to Lake Baikal, and south to Spain and the Mediterranean east to the Caucasus, and the Alborz Mountains. It usually grows in riparian habitats, on river and stream banks, and in wetlands.
Chileshe
Chileshe is a Zambian name. Notable people with this sname include:

Chileshe Kapwepwe, Zambian politician

Jack Chileshe (born 1983), Zambian football player

Lwamba Chileshe (born 1999), Zambian-born New Zealand squash player

Rhoda Chileshe (born 1998), Zambian football player

Temwa Chileshe (born 2000), New Zealand squash player

Vincent Chileshe, Zambian football player

Chileshe Kapwepwe
Chileshe Mpundu Kapwepwe, is a Zambian accountant and corporate executive, who serves as the Secretary General of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), effective 18 July 2018. She made history as the first woman to be elected to the position,following her election at the 20th COMESA Heads of State and Government Summit in Lusaka, Zambia's capital city.

Immediately prior to her current assignment, she was the chairperson of Zambia Revenue Authority. She replaces Sindiso Ngwenya, from Zimbabwe, whose two consecutive terms in office, had expired.
Penstemon virgatus
Penstemon virgatus, the wandbloom penstemon, is a species of flowering plant from western North America. It grows as far south as southwestern Mexico and as far north as southern Wyoming. It is part of the large Penstemon genus in the veronica family.

Colima
Colima, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Colima, is among the 31 states that make up the 32 federated entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima.

Colima is a small state of western Mexico on the central Pacific coast, and includes the four oceanic Revillagigedo Islands. Mainland Colima shares borders with the states of Jalisco and Michoacán. In addition to the capital city of Colima, the main cities are Manzanillo, Villa de Alvarez and Tecomán. Colima is the fourth smallest state in Mexico and has the smallest population, but has one of Mexico's highest standards of living and the lowest unemployment. It is also the state with the highest murder rate per capita and one of the highest crime rates, due to its ports being a contested area for cartels.
Sterkspruit
Sterkspruit is a town in the Senqu Local Municipality in the Joe Gqabi District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.

The town is located about 45 km south-east of Zastron, 80 km north-east of Aliwal North, and 24 km from the Lesotho border. It takes its name from the Sterkspruit, the watercourse on which it is situated. The name is Afrikaans and means ‘strong stream’.

Aliwal North
Maletswai (previously Aliwal North) is a town in central South Africa on the banks of the Orange River, Eastern Cape Province. It is a medium-sized commercial centre in the northernmost part of the Eastern Cape. The Dutch Reformed Church was built in 1855.
Raymond Curran
Raymond Curran is a former Gaelic footballer who played for Enniskillen Gaels and the Fermanagh county team. He won an All-Ireland Senior B Football Championship in 1996, when – towards the end of the first game – he was fouled for a free, which was then scored to bring about a replay. Curran appeared in an Ulster Senior Club Football Championship final for his club in 2002, helping Enniskillen come from behind in the quarter-final against St Gall's. He played as a defender.

St Gall's GAC
St Gall's Gaelic Athletic Club is a sports club based in Belfast, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It competes in the Antrim leagues and championships of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in Gaelic football and ladies' Gaelic football.
Bonnanaro culture
The Bonnanaro culture is a protohistoric culture that flourished in Sardinia during the 2nd millennium BC (1800–1600 BC), considered to be the first stage of the Nuragic civilization. It takes its name from the comune of Bonnanaro in the province of Sassari where in 1889 the eponymous site was discovered.

Bonnanaro
Bonnanaro (Sardinian: Bunnànnaru) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Cagliari and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southeast of Sassari.

Bonnanaro borders the following municipalities: Bessude, Borutta, Mores, Siligo, Torralba.
Andreba
Andreba is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Antsohihy, which is a part of Sofia Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 13,000 in 2001 commune census. It on the shore of Lake Alaotra.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 60% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 25% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are coffee and pepper.  Services provide employment for 3% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 12% of the population.

Sofia Region
Sofia is a region in northern Madagascar. It is named for the Sofia River. It is the second largest Malagasy region (behind Atsimo-Andrefana) with an area of 50,100 km² (19,300 sq mi), and had a population of 1,500,227 in 2018. Antsohihy is the administrative capital.
Churchtown, County Cork
Churchtown (Irish: Brugh Thuinne or Baile an Teampaill) is a village, townland and civil parish in County Cork, Ireland. Churchtown, which had a village population of 684 as of the 2022 census, is within the Cork North-West Dáil constituency.

Cork North-West
Cork North-West is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects three deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Caligula (Glanert)
Caligula is 2006 German-language opera by Detlev Glanert in four acts to a libretto by Hans-Ulrich Treichel, freely adapted from the 1945 play by Albert Camus. The published version by Boosey & Hawkes also includes an English version by Amanda Holden. The opera premiered at the Oper Frankfurt, conducted by Markus Stenz, directed by Christian Pade. The plot of Camus' play tells of the last days of Caligula.

Hans-Ulrich Treichel
Hans-Ulrich Treichel (born 12 August 1952) is a Germanist, novelist and poet. His earliest published books were collections of poetry, but prose writing has become a larger part of his output since the critical and commercial success of his first novel Der Verlorene (translated into English as Lost). Treichel has also worked as an opera librettist, most prominently in collaboration with the composer Hans Werner Henze.