hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fireflies (novel)
Fireflies is a novel by Shiva Naipaul originally published in 1970. It was his first book, a comic novel set in Trinidad. In an essay in An Unfinished Journey, Naipaul described how in 1968 as a final year student at Oxford University studying Chinese, he had been moved to write down a sentence, which proved to be the beginning of his first novel, which he then worked on for the next two years. The novel was hailed on publication, winning the Jock Campbell New Statesman Award, the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize and the Winifred Holtby Memorial Prize.

Writer Martin Amis said of Fireflies

The moment I finished his first novel, Fireflies, I felt delight in being alive at the same time as such a writer. I passed the book round to friends (I must have bought half a dozen of those Penguins), and there are many with whom I can initiate a long train of quotation - and laughter - from that book alone.

Winifred Holtby Memorial Prize
The Winifred Holtby Memorial Prize was presented from 1967 until 2003 by the Royal Society of Literature for the best regional novel of the year.  It is named after the novelist Winifred Holtby who was noted for her novels set in the rural scenes of her childhood.
In 2003 it was superseded by the Ondaatje Prize.
Cassandra Atherton
Cassandra Atherton is an Australian prose-poet, critic, and scholar. She is one of the leading international experts on prose poetry. She is also renowned for her work in the scholarly field of ekphrastic poetry and is celebrated for coining the terms dark poetry—for poetry that attempts to reanimate a dark event, and ballophrasis—for works based on dance. She is married to historian Glenn Moore.

Cassandra has her own publishing imprint, FarFlung Press, at MadHat Press in the US and is Dispatches editor for The Fortnightly Review, UK.

The Fortnightly Review
The Fortnightly Review was one of the most prominent and influential magazines in nineteenth-century England. It was founded in 1865 by Anthony Trollope, Frederic Harrison, Edward Spencer Beesly, and six others with an investment of £9,000; the first edition appeared on 15 May 1865. George Henry Lewes, the partner of George Eliot, was its first editor, followed by John Morley.

The print magazine ceased publication in 1954.

An online "new series" started to appear in 2009.
Penjajap
Penjajap, also pangajava and pangayaw, were native galley-like warships used by several Austronesian ethnic groups in maritime Southeast Asia. They were typically very long and narrow, and were very fast. They are mentioned as being used by native fleets in Indonesia, the southern Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei.

Thomas Forrest (navigator)
Thomas Forrest (c. 1729 – c. 1802) was a British navigator who served in the East India Company for more than 30 years. He is known for exploration, surveying, and diplomacy, and published three important accounts of his voyages in India and the Malay Archipelago
Studley (surname)
Studley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Chuck Studley, American football coach

Elmer E. Studley, American politician

Henry O. Studley, organ and piano maker and carpenter

John Studley, Elizabethan translator

Sy Studley (1841–1901), American baseball player

Sy Studley
Seymour L. "Sy" Studley (May, 1841 – July 9, 1901), nicknamed "Warhorse", also known as "Seem" Studley, was an American professional baseball player who played five games in center field for the 1872 Washington Nationals of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. He collected two hits in 21 at bats for a career .095 batting average.

Born in Byron, New York in May 1841, he hailed from Rochester, New York when he joined the Washington Nationals of the NABBP in 1866.  He continued to play for the Nationals from 1867 to 1870.

Before his baseball career, Studley served for the 54th New York National Guard for a period of 100 days in 1864 during the American Civil War.  He died in Grand Island, Nebraska at the age of 60, and is interred at Soldiers and Sailors Home Cemetery.
Kid3
Kid3 is an open-source cross-platform audio tag editor for many audio file formats. It supports DSF, MP3, Ogg, FLAC, MPC, MPEG-4 (mp4/m4a/m4b), AAC, Opus, SPX, TrueAudio, APE, WavPack, WMA, WAV, AIFF, tracker modules.

FLAC
FLAC (/flæk/; Free Lossless Audio Codec) is an audio coding format for lossless compression of digital audio, developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation, and is also the name of the free software project producing the FLAC tools, the reference software package that includes a codec implementation. Digital audio compressed by FLAC's algorithm can typically be reduced to between 50 and 70 percent of its original size and decompresses to an identical copy of the original audio data.

FLAC is an open format with royalty-free licensing and a reference implementation which is free software. FLAC supports metadata tagging, album cover art, and fast seeking.
Pioneer Kitchenware
Pioneer Kitchenware, formerly known as the Ghana Pioneer Aluminium Factory, is a kitchenware retailer in Ghana. It was listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index, until 14 January 2019.

Kitchenware
For a record label, see Kitchenware Records

Kitchenware refers to the tools, utensils, appliances, dishes, and cookware used in food preparation and the serving of food. Kitchenware can also be used to hold or store food before or after preparation.
Heacham Brick Pit
Heacham Brick Pit is a 0.8-hectare (2.0-acre) geological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Heacham, north of King's Lynn in Norfolk, England. It is a Geological Conservation Review site.

This is the only site which gives access to examine the Lower Cretaceous Snettisham Clay. It has Lower Barremian ammonite fossils, dating to around 130 million years ago.

The site is private land with no public access.

King's Lynn
King's Lynn, known until 1537 as Bishop's Lynn and colloquially as Lynn, is a port and market town in the borough of King's Lynn and West Norfolk in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 36 miles (58 km) north-east of Peterborough, 44 miles (71 km) north-north-east of Cambridge, 44 miles (71 km) west of Norwich, and about 5 miles (8 km) inland from The Wash estuary.
Streight's Raid
Streight's Raid (19 April – 3 May 1863) took place in northern Alabama during the American Civil War (1861-1865). It was led by Union Army Col. Abel D. Streight (1828-1892) and opposed by the Confederate States Army of Brig. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest (1820-1877),  Streight's goal was to destroy parts of the Western and Atlantic Railroad, which was supplying the Confederate Army of Tennessee to the north. The raid was poorly supplied and planned, and ended with the defeat of Col. Streight and his 1,700 men at Cedar Bluff, Alabama, by Gen. Forrest who bluffed his opponent into surrendering to his 500 men in the town there. Streight was additionally hindered by Southern locals throughout his march, while pursued by Forrest, who had the advantage of knowing the home territory and the sympathy and aid of the local Alabama populace, most famously of Emma Sansom (1847-1900), who later had a statue erected for her in Gadsden, Alabama, which subsequently became controversial in 2020.

Army of Tennessee
The Army of Tennessee was a field army of the Confederate States Army in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. Named for the Confederate state of Tennessee, It was formed late in 1862 in Tennessee and fought until the end of the civil war, participating in most of the significant battles in the Western Theater.
In-Fidelity Recordings
In-Fidelity Recordings is a record label founded in September 2002 by Bruce Milne and Steven Stavrakis.

Milne established the Au Go Go label and Stavrakis was co-founder of Waterfront Records and Fellaheen. Between them they have worked with such Australian acts as Magic Dirt, Spiderbait, Ratcat, the Meanies, the Hardons, the Scientists, Ben Lee, Snout and Eastern Dark. They have also been involved in introducing international acts such as Sonic Youth, Jon Spencer Blues Explosion, Pavement, Dinosaur Jr, Mudhoney and Butthole Surfers to an Australian audience.

The first release on the label was the debut album from the Datsuns on 16 October 2002. The band had been feted by major labels around the world, finally signing a one-album deal with V2 Records in all territories outside Australia and New Zealand where they chose to go with In-Fidelity.

Snout (band)
Snout were an Australian independent rock band who were formed in Melbourne in 1991 and disbanded in 2002. They released numerous recordings and were twice nominated for an Australian Record Industry Association Award. Ross McLennan, the founder of the band, has since gone on as a solo artist who has been nominated for the Australian Music Prize. Anthony Paine, has also gone on to be nominated for this award, with the group Black Cab.
2010 Copa BBVA-Colsanitas – Doubles
Nuria Llagostera Vives and María José Martínez Sánchez were the defending champions; however, they chose to compete in the 2010 Dubai Tennis Championships instead.
Gisela Dulko and Edina Gallovits defeated Olga Savchuk and Anastasiya Yakimova 6–2, 7–6(8–6) in the final.

Edina Gallovits-Hall
Klaudia Edina Gallovits-Hall (née Gallovits; born December 10, 1984) is a  Romanian-born American former tennis player. Her career-high ranking of No. 54 she achieved on 28 April 2008. She represented Romania until April 2015, then started playing for the United States.

Playing for the Romania Fed Cup team, she accumulated a win–loss record of 4–8.
Sasashima-chō
Sasashima-chō (笹島町) is a neighbourhood around the area of Nagoya Station, today a part of Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, central Japan.

Sasashima ware used to be produced there during the late Edo period.

It is served by the Sasashima-raibu Station.

35°09′57″N 136°54′04″E﻿ / ﻿35.16583°N 136.90111°E﻿ / 35.16583; 136.90111

Nakamura-ku, Nagoya
Nakamura (中村区, Nakamura-ku) is one of the 16 wards of Nagoya, Japan. As of October 1, 2019, the ward has an estimated population of 135,134 and a population density of 8,290 persons per km2. The total area is 16.30 km2.
Guilty All the Same
"Guilty All the Same" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. The song was recorded by the band for their sixth studio album The Hunting Party, serving as both the lead single and third track. The track features American rapper Rakim. The track premiered on March 6, 2014, on commercial mobile service Shazam, and was released as a single by Warner Bros. Records on March 7, 2014. The song was self-produced after the band decided not to have a producer for the album.

Shazam (music app)
Shazam is a British application that can identify music based on a short sample played using the microphone on the device. It was created by the British company Shazam Entertainment, based in London, and has been owned by Apple since 2018. The software is available for Android, macOS, iOS, Wear OS, watchOS and as a Google Chrome extension.

The original UK developer of the app, Shazam Entertainment Limited, was founded in 1999 by Chris Barton, Philip Inghelbrecht, Avery Wang, and Dhiraj Mukherjee. On 24 September 2018, the company was acquired by Apple for a reported $400 million.
Sonja Bullaty
Sonja Vera Bullaty (October 17, 1923, Prague, Czechoslovakia – October 5, 2000, New York) was a Czech-American photographer. Bullaty is known for her "lyrical composition" and strong use of color during her fifty-year collaboration with her husband, Angelo Lomeo. Bullaty and Lomeo's photographs appeared in LIFE, Time and Audubon magazines and journal. They have both exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the International Center of Photography, the George Eastman House, UMPRUM Museum in Prague, in the Nikon House galleries and other venues.

International Center of Photography
The International Center of Photography (ICP) is a photography museum and school at 84 Ludlow Street on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. ICP's photographic collection, reading room, and archives are at Mana Contemporary in Jersey City, New Jersey. The organization was founded by Cornell Capa in 1974. It is located at 84 Ludlow Street, within the Lower East Side.

ICP is the host of the Infinity Awards, inaugurated in 1985 "to bring public attention to outstanding achievements in photography by honoring individuals with distinguished careers in the field and by identifying future luminaries."
Virial expansion
The virial expansion is a model of thermodynamic equations of state. It expresses the pressure P of a gas in local equilibrium as a power series of the density. This equation may be represented in terms of the compressibility factor, Z, as

This equation was first proposed by Kamerlingh Onnes. The terms A, B, and C represent the virial coefficients. The leading coefficient A is defined as the constant value of 1, which ensures that the equation reduces to the ideal gas expression as the gas density approaches zero.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Japanese submarine I-52 (1942)
I-52 (伊号第五二潜水艦 (伊52), I Gō Dai Gojūni Sensuikan (I Gojūni); I-52 submarine (I-52)), code-named Momi (樅; "fir tree") was a Type C2 cargo submarine of the Imperial Japanese Navy used during World War II for a secret mission to Lorient, France, then occupied by Germany, during which she was sunk.

Kure, Hiroshima
Kure (呉市, Kure-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯꜜ.ɾe, kɯ.ɾeꜜ.ɕi], locally [kɯ.ɾeꜜ]) is a city in the Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2023, the city had an estimated population of 208,024 in 106,616 households and a population density of 590 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 352.80 square kilometres (136.22 sq mi). With a strong industrial and naval heritage, Kure hosts the second-oldest naval dockyard in Japan and remains an important base for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
Ellison Onizuka
Ellison Shoji Onizuka (Japanese: エリソン・ショージ・オニヅカ, 鬼塚 承次, Hepburn: Onizuka Shōji; June 24, 1946 – January 28, 1986) was an American astronaut, engineer, and U.S. Air Force flight test engineer from Kealakekua, Hawaii, who successfully flew into space with the Space Shuttle Discovery on STS-51-C. He died in the destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger, on which he was serving as Mission Specialist for mission STS-51-L. Onizuka was the first Asian American and the first person of Japanese ancestry to reach space.

Tau Beta Pi
The Tau Beta Pi Association (commonly Tau Beta Pi, ΤΒΠ, or TBP) is the oldest engineering honor society and the second oldest collegiate honor society in the United States. It honors engineering students in American universities who have shown a history of academic achievement as well as a commitment to personal and professional integrity. Specifically, the association was founded "to mark in a fitting manner those who have conferred honor upon their Alma Mater by distinguished scholarship and exemplary character as students in engineering, or by their attainments as alumni in the field of engineering, and to foster a spirit of liberal culture in engineering colleges".
World record progression men's weightlifting (1998–2018)
This is a list of world records progression in men's weightlifting from 1998 to 2018. These records are maintained in each weight class for the snatch lift, clean and jerk lift, and the total for both lifts.

The International Weightlifting Federation restructured its weight classes in 1998, nullifying earlier records and again in 2018.

International Weightlifting Federation
The International Weightlifting Federation, aka IWF, is the international governing body for the sport of Weightlifting. Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, it has 193 affiliated national federations. Mohammed Hasan Jalood has been its president since June 2022.

The IWF organizes the World Weightlifting Championships, as well as world championship events for Youth and Juniors. It also cooperates with the International Olympic Committee in the organization of Weightlifting events at the Olympic Games; however, weightlifting's inclusion in the 2028 Olympics is uncertain, due to doping issues within the sport, and governance issues within IWF, and weightlifting's inclusion is expected to be decided by an IOC meeting in 2023. Weightlifting was scheduled as a sport in the 2024 Olympics but with reduced numbers of athletes and events.

IWF traces its history to the formation of the "Amateur-Athleten-Weltunion" (Amateur Athletes World Union) in 1905.
Matthew Hughes (politician)
Matthew Hughes (born 9 February 1950) is an Australian former politician. He was a Labor member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from the 2017 state election, representing Kalamunda, until his retirement at the 2025 state election.

Hughes was born in Audenshaw in the United Kingdom, and moved to Australia in 1979. He was a teacher and the principal of John Septimus Roe Anglican Community School, and also served on Swan City Council.

He is affiliated with the United Workers Union, which is aligned with the Labor Left faction.

Hughes announced his retirement as the Member for Kalamunda on 9 February 2024, his 74th birthday.

City of Swan
The City of Swan is a local government area of Western Australia, in the eastern metropolitan region of Perth. It is named after the Swan River which traverses most of the City's urban area.

Swan is centred approximately 20 km north-east of the Perth central business district. It covers 42 suburbs and localities across an area of 1,042 km2, making it the largest metropolitan LGA by area. It had an estimated population of 155,653 in 2020.

The historic, administrative, commercial and industrial centre of Swan is Midland, a satellite city and strategic metropolitan centre of Perth. Other key areas of the City include the historic colonial town of Guildford, the Swan Valley tourism and winery region and the new town of Ellenbrook.
Osman Karabegović
Osman Karabegović (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Осман Карабеговић; 7 September 1911 – 24 June 1996) was a Yugoslav and Bosnian communist politician and a recipient of the Order of the People's Hero. He joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in 1932.

During World War II, he was one of the leaders of the Yugoslav Partisans in Bosnia-Herzegovina. After the war, he held various posts in the Socialist Yugoslavia.

In 1972, after he criticized the Yugoslav model of workers' self-management and the lack of democracy in the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, he was expelled from the League of Communists of Yugoslavia.

He died in Belgrade in 1996.

Prijedor
Prijedor (Serbian Cyrillic: Приједор, pronounced [prijěːdor] ⓘ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it had a population of 80,916 inhabitants within its administrative limits. Prijedor is situated in the geographical region of Bosanska Krajina, a northwestern part of the country.

Prijedor is known for its mixed religious heritage comprising Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Roman Catholicism and Islam. Historic buildings from the Ottoman and Austrian-Hungarian periods are a feature of the urban landscape. The city underwent extensive renovation between 2006 and 2009.
Peeter Jakobson (writer)
Peeter Jakobson (27 December 1854 – 23 July 1899) was an Estonian writer. Jakobson wrote post-romantic poetry, short stories and memoirs. He also translated his poems into German.

He born in Rakvere. From 1877 to 1878, he participated on Russo-Turkish War.

He died in Väike-Maarja, and he is buried at Väike-Maarja Cemetery.

Väike-Maarja
Väike-Maarja (German: Klein-Marien) is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Lääne-Viru County, Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Väike-Maarja Parish. The population of Väike-Maarja in January 2023 was 2,155 people.
Tjärven
Tjärven is the name of a small island and light station surrounded by deep water and located in the sea of Åland, north of the Söderarm archipelago of the coast of Sweden. The lighthouse functions as the entrance to the shipping route for the ports of Kapellskär, Norrtälje and Stockholm.

Sea lane
A sea lane, sea road or shipping lane is a regularly used navigable route for large water vessels (ships) on wide waterways such as oceans and large lakes, and is preferably safe, direct and economic. During the Age of Sail, they were determined by the distribution of land masses but also by the prevailing winds, whose discovery was crucial for the success of long maritime voyages.  Sea lanes are very important for seaborne trade.
Omega Hydraulic Diggings
The Omega Hydraulic Diggings are located 1 mile (1.6 km) north of what was the town of Omega, California during the California Gold Rush.  The site is southeast of the unincorporated town of Washington, California.  From SR 20, the diggings are reachable via the gravel Omega Road which merges with Forest Route 29 in small sections.

The hydraulic diggings became a registered California Historical Landmark (No. 629) on January 1, 1958. The plaque's inscription reads:

ALPHA AND OMEGA
One mile north of here were the towns of Alpha and Omega, named by gold miners in the early 1850s. The tremendous hydraulic diggings, visible from near this point, engulfed most of the original townsites. Alpha was the birthplace of famed opera singer Emma Nevada. Mining at Omega continued until 1949, and lumbering operations are carried on there today (1958).
California Registered Historical Landmarks Nos. 628-629

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.