hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gastric emptying study
A gastric emptying study is a nuclear medicine study which provides an assessment of the stomach's ability to empty. It may be used if there are complications after gastric surgery, for gastric reflux, or suspected gastroparesis amongst other indications. Scintigraphy that uses gamma cameras to create two-dimensional images is generally regarded as the gold standard for gastric emptying.

Gastrointestinal physiology
Gastrointestinal physiology is the branch of human physiology that addresses the physical function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The function of the GI tract is to process ingested food by mechanical and chemical means, extract nutrients and excrete waste products. The GI tract is composed of the alimentary canal, that runs from the mouth to the anus, as well as the associated glands, chemicals, hormones, and enzymes that assist in digestion. The major processes that occur in the GI tract are: motility, secretion, regulation, digestion and circulation. The proper function and coordination of these processes are vital for maintaining good health by providing for the effective digestion and uptake of nutrients.
Schooliosis
Schooliosis, a pun on "school" and "scoliosis", is a term for a type of medical misdiagnosis. The word was coined by Petr Skrabanek and James McCormick.

The authors asserted that there is some degree of overdiagnosis of scoliosis in school, which causes ethical, social, and economic damage to the welfare of children. Such overdiagnosis is called "schooliosis" by some academics. Schooliosis is a type of disease mongering.

Preventive medical screening in school or college may lead to an incorrect diagnosis of scoliosis that triggers a series of unnecessary medical interventions on adolescents. There can be diagnostic and therapeutic cascades involving several specialists, which can end with iatrogenic damage to a healthy child with a normal back. The risks are unnecessary overexposure to X-rays (repeated diagnostic X-rays), rehabilitation techniques with side effects (traction), stigmatizing orthopaedic treatment (braces for back injury) and costs in time, travel, etc.

Cascade effect
A cascade effect is an inevitable and sometimes unforeseen chain of events due to an act affecting a system. If there is a possibility that the cascade effect will have a negative impact on the system, it is possible to analyze the effects with a consequence / impact analysis. Cascade effects are commonly visualised in tree structures, also called event trees.
Natalia Shepelina
Nataliya Vladimirovna Shepelina  (Наталья Владимировна Шепелина, born 24 February 1981) was a Russian female water polo player. She was a member of the Russia women's national water polo team, playing as driver.

She was a part of the team at the 2004 Summer Olympics, 2008 Summer Olympics, and 2007 World Aquatics Championships.

On club level she played for Uralochka Zlatoust in Russia.

Water polo at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's water polo tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing was held from 11 August to 21 August at the Ying Tung Natatorium.

Teams from eight nations competed, seeded into two groups for the preliminary round. 20 games were played, 12 of them in the preliminary round (each team played the other teams in the group). Eight games were played in the final round.
Bridgeman Downs, Queensland
Bridgeman Downs is a northern suburb in the City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is located 15.2 kilometres (9.4 mi) from the city centre and borders City of Moreton Bay to the west. In the 2021 census, Bridgeman Downs had a population of 10,938 people.

City of Moreton Bay
The City of Moreton Bay, known until July 2023 as the Moreton Bay Region, is a local government area in the north of Greater Brisbane in South East Queensland, Australia. Established in 2008, it replaced three established local government areas, the City of Redcliffe and the Shires of Pine Rivers and Caboolture.

With an estimated operating budget of A$391 million and a 2018 population of 459,585, Moreton Bay is the third most populous local government area in Australia behind the City of Brisbane and City of Gold Coast, both of which are also amalgamated entities.

In the 2021 census, the City of Moreton Bay had a population of 476,340 people.
2011 World Table Tennis Championships – Mixed doubles
The 2011 World Table Tennis Championships mixed doubles was the 51st edition of the mixed doubles championship.

Li Ping and Cao Zhen were the defending champions. Li did not compete this year and Cao instead teamed up with Zhang Chao.

Zhang Chao and Cao Zhen won in the final against Hao Shuai and Mu Zi 11–7, 11–7, 11–9, 9–11, 11–8. Thus Cao retained her title from 2009 with her second consecutive gold medal in the Mixed Doubles event.

Mu Zi
Mu Zi (Chinese: 木子; pinyin: Mù Zǐ; born 9 January 1989) is a Chinese female table tennis player. She is a two-time finalist in mixed doubles event at the World Championships. In 2015, she reached the semifinal of her first women's singles event at the World Championships and in 2019 she won with Chen Ke the Hong Kong Open Women's Doubles.
Portulaca grandiflora
Portulaca grandiflora is a succulent flowering plant in the purslane family Portulacaceae, native to southern Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay and often cultivated in gardens. It has many common names, including rose moss, eleven o'clock, Mexican rose, moss rose, sun rose, rose Jepun, table rose, rock rose, and moss-rose purslane. Despite these names and the superficial resemblance of some cultivars' flowers to roses, it is not a true rose, nor even a part of the rose family or rosid group; rather, it is much more closely related to carnations and cacti.

It is also seen in South Asia and widely spread in most of the cities with old 18th- and 19th-century architecture in the Balkans.

Dianthus caryophyllus
Dianthus caryophyllus (/daɪˈænθəs ˌkɛəriəˈfɪləs/ dy-AN-thəs KAIR-ee-ə-FIL-əs), commonly known as carnation or clove pink, is a species of Dianthus native to the Mediterranean region. While its exact natural range is uncertain due to extensive cultivation over the last 2,000 years, wild carnations are most common in the Mediterranean region. Carnations are prized for their wide variety of colors, delicate fringed petals, and fragrance, often described as spicy, clove-like, or reminiscent of a combination of cinnamon and nutmeg, hence the common name "clove pink". This aroma has made carnations a popular choice for use in perfumes, potpourri, and scented products. Culturally, carnations are associated with affection, distinction, and maternal love, with variations depending on color and area within its wide geographical range.
2024 Torneo Federal A
The 2024 Argentine Torneo Federal A was the twelfth season of the Torneo Federal A, the regionalised third tier of the Argentine football league system. The tournament is reserved for teams indirectly affiliated to the Asociación del Fútbol Argentino (AFA), while teams affiliated to AFA have to play the Primera B Metropolitana, which is the other third-tier competition. The competition was contested by 33 of the 36 teams that took part in the 2023 season, with no teams relegated from Primera Nacional and five teams promoted from Torneo Regional Federal Amateur. One team was promoted to Primera Nacional, other team qualified for a promotion playoff against a team from Primera B Metropolitana and four teams were relegated to Torneo Regional Federal Amateur. The season began on 24 March and ended on 1 December 2024.

Argentine football league system
The Argentine football league system include tournaments organised by the Argentine Football Association. Clubs affiliated to the body compete in the tournaments, which are split into categories or divisions.

Rules establish a system of promotion and relegation, a process where teams are transferred between two divisions based on their performance for the completed season. The best-ranked team or teams in the lower division are promoted to the higher division for the next season, and the worst-ranked team or teams in the higher division are relegated to the lower division for the next season.
Comptonatus
Comptonatus (meaning "the Compton thunderer") is a genus of ornithopod dinosaur from the early Cretaceous period. Its remains are known from the Wessex Formation in England. The type and only species is C. chasei.

Ornithopoda
Ornithopoda (/ˌɔːrnəˈθɒpədə/) is a clade of ornithischian dinosaurs, called ornithopods (/ˈɔːrnəθəˌpɒdz, ɔːrˈnɪθ-/). They represent one of the most successful groups of herbivorous dinosaurs during the Cretaceous. The most primitive members of the group were bipedal and relatively small-sized, while advanced members of the subgroup Iguanodontia became quadrupedal and developed large body size. Their major evolutionary advantage was the progressive development of a chewing apparatus that became the most sophisticated ever developed by a non-avian dinosaur, rivaling that of modern mammals such as the domestic cow. They reached their apex of diversity and ecological dominance in the hadrosaurids (colloquially known as 'duck-bills'), before they were wiped out by the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event along with all other non-avian dinosaurs. Members are known worldwide.
Savvas Karypidis
Savvas Karipidis  (Greek: Σάββας Καρυπίδης; born 23 May 1979) is a  retired Greek male handball player. He was a member of the Greece men's national handball team, playing as a right wing. He was a part of the  team at the 2004 Summer Olympics and at the 2005 World Men's Handball Championship.

Greece men's national handball team
The Greece national handball team is the national handball team of Greece and is controlled by the Hellenic Handball Federation.

Greece has a long tradition in handball. First of all, Greece made it to the handball 2005 World Cup and the 2004 Olympics where they beat Brazil, Korea and won against Egypt in a close game. In the Olympics they lost to eventual champions Croatia, and finished sixth in the tournament. In the World Cup they finished in the sixth position as well. Greece took part in the EHF Euro for the first time in 2024.
Political families of Kerala
The list of political families of Kerala state of India:

Pinarayi Vijayan Family

Pinarayi Vijayan, CM.
P. A. Mohammed Riyas Son-In-Law, Minister.

K. Karunakaran Family

K. Karunakaran, ex CM.
K. Muraleedharan, Son, ex MP.

K.M. Mani Family

K. M. Mani, ex minister.
Jose K. Mani, Son, Rajya Sabha MP.

K. Narayana Kurupp Family

K. Narayana Kurup ex minister.
N. Jayaraj, Son, Chief Vip & MLA.

C. H. Mohammed Koya Family

C. H. Mohammed Koya, ex CM.
M. K. Muneer, Son, MLA & ex minister

T. M. Jacob Family

T.M.Jacob, ex minister
Anoop Jacob, Son, ex minister

P.R. Kurup Family

P. R. Kurup, ex minister
K. P. Mohanan Son, ex minister

Baby John Family

Baby John, ex Minister
Shibu Baby John, Son, ex minister.

Oommen Chandy Family

Oommen Chandy, ex CM.                                             
Chandy Oommen, Son, MLA

K. Narayana Kurup
K. Narayana Kurup (23 October 1927 – 26 June 2013) was an Indian senior leader of Kerala Congress (Mani), a splinter faction of Kerala Congress. He was a former Minister and Deputy Speaker in Kerala, India and a former MLA from Vazhoor in Kottayam district.
Manfred Kuehn
Manfred Kuehn (born August 19, 1947) is an American philosopher and Professor of Philosophy Emeritus at Boston University. He is known for his works on German philosophy.
A festschrift in his honor titled Kant and the Scottish Enlightenment was published in 2018.

German philosophy
German philosophy is philosophy in the German language or philosophy by German people. It is influential for both contemporary philosophical schools: the analytic and continental traditions. It covers figures such as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, Gottlob Frege, Ludwig Wittgenstein, the Vienna Circle, and the Frankfurt School.  The Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard is often also included in surveys of German philosophy due to his extensive engagement with German thinkers. German philosophers are central to major philosophical movements such as rationalism, German idealism, Romanticism, dialectical materialism, existentialism, phenomenology, hermeneutics, logical positivism, and critical theory.
Sibylle Canonica
Sibylle Canonica (born 26 April 1957) is a Swiss actress. She appeared in more than forty films since 1981. Canonica received her training at the Folkwang University of the Arts in Essen. She played at the Oldenburgisches Staatstheater, the Schiller Theater Berlin, the Staatstheater Stuttgart, the Düsseldorfer Schauspielhaus and the Munich Kammerspiele. Since 2001 she has been engaged at the Residenz Theatre in Munich.

Residence Theatre
The Residence Theatre (in German: Residenztheater) or New Residence Theatre (Neues Residenztheater) of the Residence in Munich was built from 1950 to 1951 by Karl Hocheder. A renovation of 1981 by Alexander von Branca removed the decoration which had been done in the typical style of the early 1950s.
Antonio Sartorio
Antonio Sartorio (1630 – 30 December 1680) was a composer active mainly in the Republic of Venice and in the Principality of Calenberg. He was a leading composer of operas in his native Venice in the 1660s and 1670s and was also known for composing in other genres of vocal music. Between 1665 and 1675 he spent most of his time in Hanover, where he held the post of Kapellmeister to Duke Johann Friedrich of Brunswick-Lüneburg – returning frequently to Venice to compose operas for the Carnival. In 1676 he became vice maestro di capella at San Marco in Venice.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
Alan E. Nourse
Alan Edward Nourse (/nɜːrs/; August 11, 1928 – July 19, 1992) was an American science fiction  writer and physician. He wrote both juvenile and adult science fiction, as well as nonfiction works about medicine and science.  His SF works sometimes focused on medicine and/or psionics.

His most notable pen name was Doctor X. He used this pseudonym when writing for a medical column in a science fiction magazine, allowing him to combine his expertise in medicine with his passion for science fiction.

Psionics
In American science fiction of the 1950s and 1960s, psionics was a proposed discipline that applied principles of engineering (especially electronics) to the study (and employment) of paranormal or psychic phenomena, such as extrasensory perception, telepathy and psychokinesis. The term is a blend word of psi (in the sense of "psychic phenomena") and the  -onics from electronics. The word "psionics" began as, and always remained, a term of art within the science fiction community and—despite the promotional efforts of editor John W. Campbell, Jr.—it never achieved general currency, even among academic parapsychologists. In the years after the term was coined in 1951, it became increasingly evident that no scientific evidence supports the existence of "psionic" abilities.
Kyriacos Zygourakis
Kyriacos Z. Zygouriakis (born November 7, 1952) is a Greek-American chemical and biomedical engineer, currently the A. J. Hartsook Professor at Rice University and, as of 2012, a Fellow of the American Institute of Medical and Biological Engineers. His research interests are extensively on biochar and the nitrogen cycle, cellular and tissue engineering, coal utilization and pollution control reactors.

Capacity utilization
Capacity utilization or capacity utilisation is the extent to which a firm or nation employs its installed productive capacity (maximum output of a firm or nation). It is the relationship between output that is produced with the installed equipment, and the potential output which could be produced with it, if capacity was fully used. The Formula is the actual output per period all over full capacity per period expressed as a percentage.
Lord John Grey (Tudor nobleman)
Lord John Grey (1523/24 – 19 November 1564) was an English nobleman and courtier of the Tudor period, who after 1559 was seated at Pirgo Place in Essex.

Lord John was at one stage sentenced to death for his involvement in Wyatt's Rebellion against Queen Mary I, but was later released from attainder. Grey was restored to his original position by Queen Mary's successor Queen Elizabeth I, who also granted him Pirgo Place in Essex as well as making him Guardian of Lady Katherine Grey, his niece, and sister of the late Lady Jane Grey, in 1563. However, Lord John was again imprisoned shortly before his death, after publishing a book asserting Katherine Grey to be the legitimate heir to the English throne.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
Willie Garvin
Willie Garvin is a character in the long-running British comic strip series Modesty Blaise, as well as a series of novels based upon the strip. The character was created by Peter O'Donnell in 1963 and, alongside Modesty Blaise, made his first appearance in the story La Machine, appearing for the first time in strip no. 21. Willie Garvin also appears in every volume of the Modesty Blaise book series.

Peter O'Donnell
Peter O'Donnell (11 April 1920 – 3 May 2010) was an English writer of mysteries and of comic strips, best known as the creator of Modesty Blaise, an action heroine/undercover trouble-shooter. He was also a gothic historical romance novelist who wrote under the female pseudonym Madeleine Brent; in 1978, his novel Merlin's Keep won the Romantic Novel of the Year Award of the Romantic Novelists' Association.
Names of Poland
The ethnonyms for the Poles (people) and Poland (their country) include endonyms (the way Polish people refer to themselves and their country) and exonyms (the way other peoples refer to the Poles and their country). Endonyms and most exonyms for Poles and Poland derive from the name of the West Slavic tribe of Polans (Polanie), while in some languages the exonyms for Poland to derive from the name of another tribe – the Lendians (Lędzianie).

Ethnonym
An ethnonym (from Ancient Greek  ἔθνος (éthnos) 'nation' and  ὄνομα (ónoma) 'name') is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms (whose name of the ethnic group has been created by another group of people) and autonyms, or endonyms (whose name is created and used by the ethnic group itself).

For example, the dominant ethnic group of Germany is the Germans. The ethnonym Germans is a Latin-derived exonym used in the English language, but the Germans call themselves Deutsche, an endonym. The German people are identified by a variety of exonyms across Europe, such as Allemands (French), tedeschi (Italian), tyskar (Swedish), and Niemcy (Polish).

As a sub-field of anthroponymy, the study of ethnonyms is called ethnonymy or ethnonymics.

Ethnonyms should not be confused with demonyms, which designate all the people of a geographic territory, regardless of ethnic or linguistic divisions within its population.
ChaiFM
ChaiFM is a South African Jewish
community radio station broadcasting to the greater Johannesburg area on 101.9 FM. It broadcasts 24 hours a day six days a week, taking a break from Friday night to Saturday night because of Shabbat.

Community radio in South Africa
In South Africa, Community Radio refers to a non-profit, service-oriented radio that is solely owned and operated by the community, with no government interference. It encourages communication and connects the people of the community and across cultures.
R. Surendran
R. Surendren (born 26 October 1982, in Taiping, Perak) is a Malaysian footballer. He is a former member of the Malaysian national team. He has more than 20 years of experience in football industry with a coaching certificate of AFC ‘C’ License.

Malaysia Cup
The Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia), formerly known as Malaya Cup, is an annual football tournament in Malaysia, held at the end of the calendar year. The cup was first held in 1921. Despite its prestige and popularity as the country's oldest cup tournament, it does not guarantee a place in a continental competition, which is allocated to the Malaysia FA Cup winners. The competition was previously managed by the Football Association of Malaysia, before it was transferred to the Football Malaysia LLP (now known as the Malaysian Football League) in the 2016 season.

In the 2016 edition, the competition structure changed and only the top eleven teams of the Malaysia Super League and the top five teams of the Malaysia Premier League qualified for the cup.

The current title holder is Johor Darul Ta'zim, who won its fifth title in the 2024–25 edition.
Carl L. von Baeyer
Carl L. von Baeyer is a Canadian psychologist, academic, and author. He is a professor emeritus of psychology at the University of Saskatchewan.

Von Baeyer is most known for his work on the assessment of pain in children. He was awarded the 2017 Jeffrey Lawson Award for Advocacy in Children's Pain Relief from the American Pain Society. His authored works include publications in academic journals such as Pain and The Journal of Pain as well as book chapters. Von Baeyer is a Fellow of the Canadian Psychological Association.
He has explored and advocated for the benefits and feasibility of a shared parenting arrangement where both parents work part-time while also spending time at home with their children.

Pain (journal)
Pain is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Pain. The journal was established in 1975 and covers research and reviews in the fields of pain medicine, anesthesiology and clinical neurology. The editor-in-chief is Karen D. Davis (Krembil Research Institute).
Khatyn-Sysy
Khatyn-Sysy (Russian: Хатын-Сысы; Yakut: Хатыҥ Сыһыы, Xatıŋ Sıhıı) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Tarkayinsky Rural Okrug of Nyurbinsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, 56 kilometers (35 mi) from Nyurba, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 789.

Nyurba
Nyurba (Russian: Нюрба, IPA: [nʲʊˈrba]; Yakut: Ньурба, romanized: Ņurba, [ɲuɾˈba]) is a town and the administrative center of Nyurbinsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Vilyuy River, a right-hand tributary of the Lena, 846 kilometers (526 mi) northwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 10,157.
Wanklyn
Wanklyn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

James Alfred Wanklyn, nineteenth-century English chemist

James Leslie Wanklyn, Liberal MP for Bradford Central

Malcolm David Wanklyn, recipient of the Victoria Cross

James Leslie Wanklyn
James Leslie Wanklyn (14 April 1860 – 6 July 1919) was a Liberal Unionist Member of Parliament for Bradford Central, elected at the 1895 general election and again at the following general election in 1900. He did not stand at the 1906 election.