hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Piątkowo, Poznań
Piątkowo [pjɔntˈkɔvɔ] is a part of the city of Poznań in western Poland. It consists mainly of large estates of blocks of flats, built from the late 1970s onwards. Piątkowo is situated in the northern part of the city, north of Winogrady (an area of similar character), and south of the less intensively developed neighbourhood of Morasko.

Piątkowo is the name given to one of the 42 osiedles (city governmental units) into which Poznań is divided, although this does not cover the whole of the area generally referred to as Piątkowo. For more details see Administrative division of Poznań.

Osiedle
Osiedle [ɔˈɕɛdlɛ] (Polish plural: osiedla) is a term used in Poland to denote a designated subdivision or neighbourhood of a city or its dzielnica, or of a town, with its own council and executive. Like the dzielnica and sołectwo, an osiedle is an auxiliary unit (jednostka pomocnicza) of a gmina. These units are created by decision of the gmina council, and do not have legal personality in their own right. In the case of an urban-rural gmina, it is also possible for a whole town to be designated an auxiliary unit.

Not all Polish cities or towns have osiedla in the above sense. However the word osiedle is also frequently used to denote any housing estate or development.
Halas (surname)
Halas, Halás or Hałas is a surname. Notable people include:

Agnieszka Hałas (born 1980), Polish fantasy writer

Ádám Halás (born 1998), Slovak swimmer

Elżbieta Hałas (born 1954), Polish sociologist

František Halas (1901–1949), Czech poet

František X. Halas (1937–2023), Czech historian of Christianity, academic and diplomat

George Halas (1895–1983), American football player and executive

George Halas, Jr. (1925–1979), American football executive

John Halas (1912–1995), British animator

Naomi Halas, American engineer

Shane Halas (born 1961), Australian rules footballer

Teresa Hałas (born 1953), Polish politician

Virginia Halas McCaskey (1923–2025), American football executive

Walter Halas (1892–1959), American baseball player and coach

Walter Halas
Walter Henry Halas (January 15, 1892 – December 20, 1959) was an American baseball player and coach of American football, basketball, and baseball.  He played college baseball at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign from 1914 to 1916 as a pitcher for the Fighting Illini.  Halas later pitched in minor league baseball for the Davenport Blue Sox, Moline Plowboys, and Rock Island Islanders of the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League.  In 1924, he pitched a no-hitter for the Hanover Raiders of the Blue Ridge League.

Halas died in Chicago on December 20, 1959, at the age of 67.  He was the brother of George Halas, longtime coach and owner of the National Football League's Chicago Bears.
North American Rotorwerks
North American Rotorwerks LLC (English: North American Rotorworks) is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Tukwila, Washington, founded by John Vanvoorhees. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of autogyros in the form of kits for amateur construction.

The company's Pitbull Ultralight and SS models as well as their Pitbull II are intended to resemble the tractor configuration radial engine-equipped autogyro designs that were popular in the 1930s. The designs utilize Dragon Blade rotors made by Rotor Flight Dynamics.

By December 2014 the US Federal Aviation Administration had six Pitbull autogyros on its aircraft registry, although eight had been registered at one time.

Founded circa 2008, by February 2013 the company website carried a note indicating that production had been suspended "due to changing circumstances".

Tractor configuration
In aviation, a tractor configuration is a propeller-driven fixed-wing aircraft with its engine mounted with the propeller in front, so that the aircraft is "pulled" through the air. This is the usual configuration;  the pusher configuration places the airscrew behind, and "pushes" the aircraft forward. Through common usage, the word "propeller" has come to mean any airscrew, whether it pulls or pushes the aircraft.

In the early years of powered aviation both tractor and pusher designs were common. However, by the midpoint of the First World War, interest in pushers declined and the tractor configuration dominated. Today, propeller-driven aircraft are assumed to be tractors unless  stated otherwise.
244th Battalion (Kitchener's Own), CEF
The 244th (Kitchener's Own) Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Montreal, Quebec, the unit began recruiting in the spring of 1916 in Montreal and the surrounding district.  After sailing to England in April 1917, the battalion was absorbed into the 23rd Reserve Battalion, CEF later that month.

The 244th (Kitchener's Own) Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. F. M. McRobie.

The unit was called "Kitchener's Own" because the battalion was officially authorized the day after Lord Kitchener was killed when the warship he was travelling on struck a mine.

The 244th Battalion is perpetuated by the Victoria Rifles of Canada which is currently on the Supplementary Order of Battle.

Fred McRobie
Frederick Mackenzie McRobie (April 9, 1875 – November 1, 1961) was a Canadian amateur ice hockey player for the Montreal Victorias in the 1890s, playing defense. He won the Stanley Cup with the Victorias in 1899.

McRobie also worked as an ice hockey league executive, first as a secretary-treasurer and honorary president of the Canadian Amateur Hockey League and then, for the 1907 season, as the president of the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association.
Curlew National Grassland
Curlew National Grassland is a National Grassland located in Oneida and Power counties in the state of Idaho, USA. It has a land area of 47,790 acres (19,340 ha). The land used to make the grassland was purchased between 1934 and 1942. The primary goal of the grassland was to improve soil and vegetation in the area. The grassland is administered by the Forest Service together with the Caribou-Targhee National Forest from common headquarters located in Idaho Falls, Idaho. There are local ranger district offices in Malad City.

Caribou–Targhee National Forest
Caribou–Targhee National Forest is located in the states of Idaho and Wyoming, with a small section in Utah in the United States. The forest is broken into several separate sections and extends over 2.63 million acres (10,600 km2). To the east the forest borders Yellowstone National Park, Grand Teton National Park and Bridger–Teton National Forest. Most of the forest is a part of the 20-million-acre (81,000 km2) Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.
South Yarra railway station
South Yarra station is a railway station operated by Metro Trains Melbourne on the Frankston and Sandringham lines, which are part of the Melbourne rail network. It serves the southern Melbourne suburb of South Yarra in Victoria, Australia.

South Yarra is a ground-level premium station featuring six platforms, with two island platforms and two side platforms accessible by an overground concourse. It opened on 22 December 1860.

Concourse
A concourse is a place where pathways or roads meet, such as in a hotel, a convention center, a railway station, an airport terminal, a hall, or other space.

The term is not limited to places where there are literally pathways or roadways or train tracks joining. An alternate meaning now is "an open space or hall (as in a railway terminal) where crowds gather." In this meaning as a place where crowds gather, while many persons in any crowd no doubt have followed different paths in their lives to get to the place, there need not be notable specific roadways leading to the place.
Notre Dame of Genio Edcor Inc.
Notre Dame of Genio Edcor, Inc.(Old name: Notre Dame of Edcor ) is a  private, Catholic academic institution run by the Oblates of Notre Dame located in Alamada, Cotabato, Philippines, making this school the first Notre Dame school administered by the OND Sisters. This institution is a member of the Notre Dame Educational Association. Established in 1958, it has been one of the pioneering schools under the Notre Dame Educational System in the province of North Cotabato, Philippines.

Alamada
Alamada, officially the Municipality of Alamada (Maguindanaon: Inged nu Alamada, Jawi: ايڠايد نو عالماد; Iranun: Inged a Alamada, ايڠايد ا عالماد; Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Alamada; Cebuano: Lungsod sa Alamada; Tagalog: Bayan ng Alamada), is a  municipality in the province of Cotabato, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 68,659 people.

The town is named after the local chieftain Datu Alamada, and is famous for the Asik-Asik Falls, one of the most expansive in the Philippines.
Severe weather events in Sydney
Severe weather events or extreme weather events in Sydney, include hailstorms, thunderstorms, gale, bushfires, heatwaves, drought, and flash flooding (caused by East coast lows or black nor'easters). Sydney is rarely affected by cyclones, although remnants of cyclones do affect the city.

Global warming has increased the chances of extreme rain and flash floods in Sydney recently, such as the notable 2021 and 2022 flood events. Nevertheless, destructive heavy rainfall events have been recorded in the Sydney area since records began in the 18th century.

Annually, coastal Sydney sees five heat-related deaths per 100,000 people while the western suburbs see 14 per 100,000. Heat-related deaths in the city were common in the late 19th and early 20th century period (due to lack of air conditioners) where several individual cases were reported.

Flash flood
A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by meltwater from ice and snow. Flash floods may also occur after the collapse of a natural ice or debris dam, or a human structure such as a man-made dam, as occurred before the Johnstown Flood of 1889. Flash floods are distinguished from regular floods by having a timescale of fewer than six hours between rainfall and the onset of flooding.

Flash floods are a significant hazard, causing more fatalities in the U.S. in an average year than lightning, tornadoes, or hurricanes. They can also deposit large quantities of sediments on floodplains and destroy vegetation cover not adapted to frequent flood conditions.
Frosini (surname)
Frosini is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Frosini (born 1972), Italian basketball player

Deanna Milvia Frosini (1940–2021), Italian actress and painter

Francesco Frosini (1654–1733), archbishop of Pisa

Kyra Frosini (1773–1800), Greek socialite

Luciano Frosini (1927–2017), Italian racing cyclist

Pietro Frosini (1885–1951), Italian accordionist and vaudeville performer

Francesco Frosini
Francesco Frosini (22 March 1654 – 22 November 1733) was an Italian nobleman, lawyer and churchman who served as the archbishop of Pisa from 1702 until his death. He is most famous today for his writings.
New Zealand at the 1976 Summer Olympics
New Zealand competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The New Zealand Olympic Committee was represented by 80 athletes, 71 men and 9 women, and 29 officials. The flag bearer at the opening ceremony was wrestler David Aspin.

In protest at a tour of South Africa by the All Blacks team early in the year, Congo's official Jean-Claude Ganga led a boycott of 28 African nations as the International Olympic Committee refused to bar the New Zealand team. Some of the nations (including Morocco, Cameroon and Egypt) had already participated however, as the teams only withdrew after the first day. From Southern and Central Africa, only Senegal and Ivory Coast took part. Both Iraq and Guyana also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. For the full list of boycotting countries, see 1976 Summer Olympics#Non-participating National Olympic Committees

Ross Gillespie
John Ross Gillespie MBE (2 June 1935 – 29 January 2023) was a New Zealand field hockey player and coach. Gillespie represented New Zealand at the Summer Olympics twice as a player, in 1960 and 1964. He was head coach of the New Zealand field hockey team at 1972 Summer Olympics and of the gold medal-winning team four years later in 1976.
Colaconema
Colaconema is a genus of marine red algae. It is the only genus in the family Colaconemataceae J.T.Harper & G.W.Saunders which is the only family in Order	Colaconematales J.T.Harper & G.W.Saunders.

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.

Frederik Børgesen
Fredrik Christian Emil Børgesen (1 January 1866 in Copenhagen – 22 March 1956 in Frederiksberg) was a Danish botanist and phycologist. He graduated in botany from the University of Copenhagen and was subsequently employed as an assistant at the Botanical Museum (1893–1900). His doctoral thesis dealt with the marine algae of the Faroe Islands (1904). Later, he became  librarian at the Library of the Botanical Garden (1900–1935).

Børgesen made investigations of marine algae e.g. around India, Mauritius, the Canary Islands and the Antilles.

Many species have been named to his honour, e.g. Coccoloba borgesenii (Polygonaceae) and numerous algae, e.g. Hypnea boergesenii (Hypneaceae) and Padina boergesenii (Phaeophyceae).
Zion (journal)
Zion (Hebrew: ציון) is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering Jewish history and ethnography, printed in Hebrew and published since 1926 by the Historical Society of Israel and the Zalman Shazar Center. The journal was established by Yitzhak Baer and Benzion Dinur. The editors-in-chief are Michael Toch and Nadav Na'aman.

The journal was established in Jerusalem in 1926 as Zion: Me'asef, obtaining its current title in 1935. It covers all aspects of Jewish history, drawn from all the lands in which Jews lived - in Israel and in the Diaspora, from antiquity to the modern era, including emerging studies in historiography, review essays, and book reviews.

Ben-Zion Dinur
Ben-Zion Dinur (Hebrew: בן ציון דינור; January 1884 – 8 July 1973) was a Ukrainian-born Israeli historian, educator, and politician. He held the position of professor of Jewish history at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and represented Mapai in the first Knesset, serving as Minister of Education. Dinur was one of the founders of Yad Vashem and a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences.

The Dinur Center for Research in Jewish History was named in his honor.
Dolnja Prekopa
Dolnja Prekopa (pronounced [ˈdoːlnja ˈpɾeːkɔpa]; in older sources also Dolenje Prekope, German: Unterprekope) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kostanjevica na Krki in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

There is a small chapel-shrine in the village. It was built in the early 20th century.

Wayside shrine
A wayside shrine is a religious image, usually in some sort of small shelter, placed by a road or pathway, sometimes in a settlement or at a crossroads, but often in the middle of an empty stretch of country road, or at the top of a hill or mountain.  They have been a feature of many cultures, including Chinese folk religious communities, Catholic and Orthodox Europe and some Asian regions.
Site Lange Max
Site Lange Max is a private domain, 3 km (1.9 mi) from the center of Koekelare, Belgium. The domain is located at 3 km (1.9 mi) from the Käthe Kollwitz Museum in Koekelare, 6 km (3.7 mi) from the Vladslo German war cemetery and 10 km (6.2 mi) from Diksmuide.

Käthe Kollwitz
Käthe Kollwitz (German pronunciation: [kɛːtə kɔlvɪt͡s] born Schmidt; 8 July 1867 – 22 April 1945) was a German artist who worked with painting, printmaking (including etching, lithography and woodcuts) and sculpture. Her most famous art cycles, including The Weavers and The Peasant War, depict the effects of poverty, hunger and war on the working class. Despite the realism of her early works, her art is now more closely associated with Expressionism. Kollwitz was the first woman not only to be elected to the Prussian Academy of Arts but also to receive honorary professor status.
Rinard Mills, Ohio
Rinard Mills (/ˈraɪnərd ˈmɪlz/ RY-nərd MILZ) is a small unincorporated community on the Little Muskingum River in southwestern Washington Township, Monroe County, Ohio, United States. It is named after Isaac Rinard, who owned a mill at the village. The village is situated on State Route 26 between Marietta (county seat of Washington County) and Woodsfield (county seat of Monroe County). The village has a cemetery. Several years ago, a resident of the community found the remains of a mill stone in the Little Muskingum.  It was incorporated into Isaac Rinard's grave marker and was cause for a special event.

Washington County, Ohio
Washington County is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 59,711. Its county seat is Marietta. The county, the oldest in the state, is named for George Washington. Washington County comprises the Marietta, OH Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Parkersburg-Marietta-Vienna, WV-OH Combined Statistical Area.
13 Ah Visnaa Dhehaas
13 Ah Visnaa Dhehaas is a 2012 Maldivian political comedy short film directed by Abdulla Muaz. Produced by Mohamed Abdulla under Dhekedheke Ves Productions, the film stars Abdulla, Niuma Mohamed, Ismail Rasheed and Fathimath Azifa in pivotal roles. The entire film was shot in R. Ungoofaaru. At the 3rd Maldives Film Awards ceremony, the film was nominated in eight categories.

Ungoofaaru
Ungoofaaru (Dhivehi: އުނގޫފާރު) is an inhabited island located in Northern Maalhosmadulhu Atoll, which is an administrative division of the Maldives. It is also the capital of Northern Maalhosmadulhu Atoll.
North Dakota Fighting Hawks women's ice hockey
The North Dakota Fighting Sioux women's ice hockey team was the college ice hockey team at the Grand Forks campus of the University of North Dakota. They were members of the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) and competed in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I women ice hockey.

The program was cut by the University of North Dakota on March 29, 2017.

Monique Lamoureux
Monique Edith Lamoureux-Morando (born July 3, 1989), previously known as Monique Lamoureux-Kolls, is an American former ice hockey player. She scored the game-tying goal in the final of the 2018 Winter Olympics before her twin sister Jocelyne scored the last shootout goal of the game to clinch the gold medal.

She also captured silver medals for Team USA at the 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics.  She competed for a year with the Professional Women's Hockey Players Association, a worker's union pushing for equality in the sport, and retired from playing in 2021. After her retirement, Monique and her twin sister published their first book Dare to Make History. The sisters also founded the Lamoureux Foundation, which funds educational and extracurricular programs for children in need, primarily in their home state of North Dakota.
Dora Fabian
Dora Fabian (née Heinemann; 28 May 1901 – 31 March or 1 April 1935) was a German socialist and anti-Nazi activist, born in Berlin.

She was the daughter of Else Levy Heinemann and Hugo Heinemann, a socialist lawyer who defended trade unionists and political activists in court. This environment nurtured her interest in politics and during the First World War she became a member of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany.

In 1924 she married Walter Fabian, a fellow social democratic activist.

She became disillusioned with the politics of the Social Democratic Party of Germany and joined the Socialist Workers' Party of Germany.

Socialist Workers' Party of Germany
The Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (German: Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, SAPD, sometimes called simply the Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei, SAP) was a centrist Marxist political party in Germany. It was formed as a left-wing party with around 20,000 members who split off from the SPD in the autumn of 1931. In 1931, the remnants of the USPD merged into the party and in 1932 some Communist Party dissenters also joined the group as well as a part of the  Communist Party Opposition. Nevertheless, SAPD membership remained small. From 1933, the group's members worked illegally against Nazism.
Nuclear Science and Engineering
Nuclear Technology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by Taylor & Francis on behalf of American Nuclear Society. Established in 1956, it covers basic and applied research in all areas related to nuclear science and engineering, including but not limited to nuclear physics, nuclear reactor physics, radioactive waste management, radiochemistry and nuclear materials. Its current editor-in-chief is Farzad Rahnema (Georgia Tech).

Nuclear reactor physics
Nuclear reactor physics is the field of physics that studies and deals with the applied study and engineering applications of chain reaction to induce a controlled rate of fission in a nuclear reactor for the production of energy.

Most nuclear reactors use a chain reaction to induce a controlled rate of nuclear fission in fissile material, releasing both energy and free neutrons. A reactor consists of an assembly of nuclear fuel (a reactor core), usually surrounded by a neutron moderator such as regular water, heavy water, graphite, or zirconium hydride, and fitted with mechanisms such as control rods which control the rate of the reaction.

The physics of nuclear fission has several quirks that affect the design and behavior of nuclear reactors. This article presents a general overview of the physics of nuclear reactors and their behavior.
Afanasyevka
Afanasyevka (Russian: Афанасьевка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Afanasyevskoye Rural Settlement, Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,265 as of 2010, making it a small town. There are 9 streets.

Belgorod Oblast
Belgorod Oblast (Russian: Белгоро́дская о́бласть, romanized: Belgorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Belgorod. As of 2021, the population is 1,540,486.
Media Burn Independent Video Archive
The Media Burn Independent Video Archive preserves the work of early independent videotape and television production. Media Burn holds the largest collection of Louis 'Studs' Terkel video in the world and their 1992 presidential election collection has been deemed an American Treasure. Media Burn digitizes their videos for free online streaming. 1,500 of 6,000 videos are online, and topics range from Chicago history, American politics, mass media, and urban life. Media Burn is located in the River West neighborhood of Chicago, IL.

Studs Terkel
Louis "Studs" Terkel (May 16, 1912 – October 31, 2008) was an American writer, historian, actor, and broadcaster. He received the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction in 1985 for The Good War and is best remembered for his oral histories of common Americans, and for hosting a long-running radio show in Chicago.
Puppetoons
Puppetoons is a series of animated puppet films made in Europe (1930s) and in the United States (1940s) by George Pal. They were made using replacement animation: using a series of different hand-carved wooden puppets (or puppet heads or limbs) for each frame in which the puppet moves or changes expression, rather than moving a single puppet, as is the case with most stop motion puppet animation. They were particularly made from 1932-1948, in both Europe and the US.

Film frame
In filmmaking, video production, animation, and related fields, a frame is one of the many still images which compose the complete moving picture. The term is derived from the historical development of film stock, in which the sequentially recorded single images look like a framed picture when examined individually.

The term may also be used more generally as a noun or verb to refer to the edges of the image as seen in a camera viewfinder or projected on a screen. Thus, the camera operator can be said to keep a car in frame by panning with it as it speeds past.