hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pakistani rupee
The Pakistani rupee (Urdu: روپیہ; ISO code: PKR; symbol: 𞱱; abbreviation: Re (singular) and Rs (plural)) is the official currency of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. It is divided into one hundred paise (Urdu: پیسہ); however, paisa-denominated coins have not been legal tender since 2013. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan. It was officially adopted by the Government of Pakistan in 1949. Earlier the coins and notes were issued and controlled by the Reserve Bank of India until 1949, when it was handed over to the Government and State Bank of Pakistan, by the Government and Reserve Bank of India.

In Pakistani English, large values of rupees are counted in thousands; lac (hundred thousands); crore (ten-millions); arab (billion); kharab (hundred billion). Numbers are still grouped in thousands.

Pakistani English
Pakistani English or English (Pakistan) (Paklish, Pinglish, PakEng, en-PK) is a group of English-language varieties spoken in Pakistan and among the Pakistani diaspora. English is the primary language used by the government of Pakistan, alongside Urdu, on the national level. While being spoken natively by only a small percentage of the population, it is the primary language used in education, commerce, administration, and the legal and judicial systems.

It was first recognised as a distinct variety of South Asian English and designated in the 1970s and 1980s. Pakistani English, similar and related to Indian English, is slightly different from other varieties of English in respect to vocabulary, accent, and other features.
Dark spiny tree-rat
The dark spiny tree-rat (Echimys saturnus) is a species of rodent in the family Echimyidae. It is a rarely encountered and nocturnal species, found in eastern Ecuador and central Peru.

Compared to Echimys chrysurus, the main diagnostic character state of this Echimys species is the mostly black dorsal part of the head and body. In addition, E. saturnus can be distinguished from Echimys vieirai by possessing a venter spotted with white while it is uniformly grayish brown in the latter species.

Phenotypic trait
A phenotypic trait, simply trait, or character state is a distinct variant of a phenotypic characteristic of an organism; it may be either inherited or determined environmentally, but typically occurs as a combination of the two.  For example, having eye color is a character of an organism,   while blue, brown and hazel versions of eye color are traits.  The term trait is generally used in genetics, often to describe the phenotypic expression of different combinations of alleles in different individual organisms within a single population, such as the famous purple vs. white flower coloration in Gregor Mendel's pea plants.  By contrast, in systematics, the term  character state is employed to describe features that represent fixed diagnostic differences among taxa, such as the absence of tails in great apes, relative to other primate groups.
Thalaivettiyaan Paalayam
Thalaivettiyaan Paalayam is a 2024 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama television series, which is an official remake of the Hindi-language series Panchayat. The series writer by Balakumaran Murugesan and directed by Naga for Amazon Prime Video. Produced by Arunabh Kumar under the banner of TVF, the show revolves around journey of a young boy (Siddharth) from Chennai, who navigates the challenges of his new and unfamiliar surroundings in the remote village of Thalaivettiyaan Paalayam.

The principal characters of the series include Abishek Kumar, Chetan, Devadarshini, Niyathi, Anandsami, Paul Raj and Veera Sai Manikandan Thogaru. The series premiered on 20 September 2024 on Amazon Prime Video and consists of eight episodes.

District magistrate
The district magistrate, also known as the district collector or deputy commissioner, is a career civil servant who serves as the executive head of a district's administration in India. The specific name depends on the state or union territory. Each of these posts has distinct responsibilities, and an officer can assume all of these roles at once. The district magistrate is primarily responsible for maintaining law and order, while the district collector focuses on land revenue administration, and the deputy commissioner is in charge of overseeing developmental activities and coordinates government departments. Additionally, they also serve as election officers, registrar, marriage officer, licensing authority, and managing disaster responses, among other things. While the specific scope of duties may vary from state to state, they are generally similar. The district magistrate comes under the general supervision of divisional commissioner.
Naarath
Naarath is a place named in Joshua 16:7 as one of the landmarks on the southern boundary of the Tribe of Ephraim and Benjamin. It appears to have been situated between Ataroth and Jericho. During the 4th-century, Eusebius and Jerome speak of "Naorath", as a "small village of Jews fives miles from Jericho."

Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (c. AD 260/265 – 30 May AD 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilius, was a historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist from the Roman province of Syria Palaestina. In about AD 314 he became the bishop of Caesarea Maritima.

Together with Pamphilus, Eusebius was a scholar of the biblical canon and is regarded as one of the most learned Christians during late antiquity. He wrote the Demonstrations of the Gospel, Preparations for the Gospel and On Discrepancies between the Gospels, studies of the biblical text. His work Onomasticon is an early geographical lexicon of places in the Holy Land mentioned in the Bible. As "Father of Church History" (not to be confused with the title of Church Father), he produced the Ecclesiastical History, On the Life of Pamphilus, the Chronicle and On the Martyrs. He also produced a biographical work on Constantine the Great, the first Christian Roman emperor, who was Augustus between AD 306 and AD 337.
Teetwal
Teetwal (also spelled Tithwal) is a small border village in Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is situated on the banks of the Kishanganga River in Kupwara district, 82 km (51 mi) from the district headquarters and close to the Line of Control with Pakistani-administered Kashmir, bordering the village of Chilehana. Teetwal is connected to the rest of India via Tangdhar. Not to be confused with Teetwals, a sub-section of the Swati tribe living near Kashmir in Balakot.

Balakot
Balakot (/ˈbælɑːˌkɒt/; Urdu: بالاکوٹ; Urdu pronunciation: [bɑː.lɑː.koːʈ]) is a town in Mansehra district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The town was significantly damaged during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake but was later rebuilt with the assistance of the Government of Pakistan.
Scapa Flow Museum
Scapa Flow Museum is a war museum in Lyness on the Island of Hoy, Orkney, Scotland. Housed within a refurbished Romney hut and oil fuel pump house at the former Lyness royal naval base HMS Proserpine, the museum charts the history of Orkney's involvement in World War I and World War II. The museum is named after the body of water to the east of Hoy, Scapa Flow, which was the Royal Navy's chief naval base during both world wars.

The museum originally opened in 1990, and became part of Orkney Islands Council's Museums Service in 2000. The museum closed in 2017, and reopened to the public after a £4.4-million refurbishment in July 2022. Scapa Flow Museum was shortlisted for the Art Fund Museum of the Year Award in 2023.

Museum of the Year
The Museum of the Year Award, formerly known as the Gulbenkian Prize and the Art Fund Prize, is an annual prize awarded to a museum or gallery in the United Kingdom for a "track record of imagination, innovation and excellence". The award of £100,000 is Britain's biggest single art prize, and the largest single museum arts prize in the world. The prize and is presented to a museum or gallery, large or small, anywhere in the UK, whose entry, in the opinion of the judges, best demonstrates a track record of imagination, innovation and excellence through work mainly undertaken during the previous calendar year.
Jevtić
Jevtić (Serbian: Јевтић) is a Serbian surname. It is a patronymic derived from the name Euthymius (Serbian: Jevtimije / Јевтимије). Notable people with the surname include:

Ana Mirjana Račanović-Jevtić (born c. 1980), Bosnian singer, model and beauty pageant titleholder

Aleksandar Jevtić (born 1985), Serbian footballer

Bogoljub Jevtić (1886–1960), Serbian diplomat and politician in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

Darko Jevtić (born 1993), Swiss footballer

Dušan Jevtić (born 1992), Bosnian footballer

Goran Jevtić (actor) (born 1978), Serbian actor

Goran Jevtić (footballer), (born 1970), Serbian footballer

Ivan Jevtić (born 1947) Serbian-French composer

Miloš Jevtić (born 1989), Serbian footballer

Miroljub Jevtić (born 1955), Serbian historian

Nikon Jevtić (born 1993), Serbian-English footballer

Olivera Jevtić (born 1977) Serbian long-distance runner

Živorad Jevtić (1943–2000), Serbian footballer

Bogoljub Jevtić
Bogoljub Jevtić (Serbian Cyrillic: Богољуб Јевтић; 24 December 1886 – 7 June 1960) was a Serbian diplomat and politician in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

He was plenipotentiary minister of Yugoslavia in Albania, Austria and Hungary. After the assassination of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia, on 22 December 1934 he was appointed prime minister of Yugoslavia, holding this position until 24 June 1935.
Kaani (film)
Kaani (transl. But) is a 2004 Indian Telugu-language thriller film directed by Abhinav Velagaleti and starring Sai Kiran, Meera and Jyoti. The film is based on The Sixth Sense (1999) and Darna Mana Hai (2003). The film released to unanimous negative reception.

Darna Mana Hai
Darna Mana Hai (English: Fear is forbidden) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language anthology horror film. The film consists of six different short stories. It stars Nana Patekar, Vivek Oberoi, Aftab Shivdasani, Shilpa Shetty, Sameera Reddy, Isha Koppikar, Saif Ali Khan, and Sohail Khan, among many others. Upon release, it met with an extremely negative response. Despite the fact, it became a cult classic movie.
Like previous Ram Gopal Varma film Bhoot, it did not feature the songs composed for it.

Later in 2006, Ram Gopal Varma, the producer, spawned Darna Zaroori Hai, a sequel with a different ensemble cast, six new cinematographers, and seven different directors. Only Rajpal Yadav and director Prawaal Raman were back from the previous installment. Darna Mana Hai has been dubbed and released in Telugu with the same title. It is loosely based on the 1997 film Campfire Tales.
Great grand stellated 120-cell
In geometry, the great grand stellated 120-cell or great grand stellated polydodecahedron is a regular star 4-polytope with Schläfli symbol {5/2,3,3}, one of 10 regular Schläfli-Hess 4-polytopes. It is unique among the 10 for having 600 vertices, and has the same vertex arrangement as the regular convex 120-cell.

It is one of four regular star polychora discovered by Ludwig Schläfli. It is named by John Horton Conway, extending the naming system by Arthur Cayley for the Kepler-Poinsot solids, and the only one containing all three modifiers in the name.

Schläfli symbol
In geometry, the Schläfli symbol is a notation of the form {p,q,r, ...}  that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.

The Schläfli symbol is named after the 19th-century Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli, who generalized Euclidean geometry to more than three dimensions and discovered all their convex regular polytopes, including the six that occur in four dimensions.
Britain (place name)
The name Britain originates from the Common Brittonic term *Pritanī and is one of the oldest known names for Great Britain, an island off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The terms Briton and British, similarly derived, refer to some or all of its inhabitants and, to varying extents, those of the smaller islands in the vicinity. "British Isles" is the only ancient name for these islands to survive in general usage.

Procopius
Procopius of Caesarea (/proʊˈkoʊpiəs/; Ancient Greek: Προκόπιος ὁ Καισαρεύς Prokópios ho Kaisareús; Latin: Procopius Caesariensis; c. 500 – 565) was a prominent late antique Greek scholar and historian from Caesarea Maritima. Accompanying the Roman general Belisarius in Emperor Justinian's wars, Procopius became the principal historian of the 6th century, writing the History of the Wars, the Buildings, and the infamous Secret History.
Steve Avery (American football)
Steven George Avery (born August 18, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Houston Oilers as an undrafted rookie free agent in 1989. He played college football for the Northern Michigan Wildcats. He also played for the Green Bay Packers and Pittsburgh Steelers in addition to the Birmingham Fire of the World League of American Football (WLAF).

Birmingham Fire
The Birmingham Fire were a professional American football team based in Birmingham, Alabama. They were a member of the North American West division of the World League of American Football (WLAF) and played their home games at Legion Field. The club was a charter member of the WLAF, and was under the ownership of Gavin Maloof. Led by head coach Chan Gailey, the Fire saw moderate success as they compiled an overall record of twelve wins, nine losses and one tie (12–9–1) and made the playoffs in both seasons they competed. The franchise folded in September 1992 when the NFL placed the league on an indefinite hiatus.
Village étape
A Village étape (France, pronounced [vilaʒ etap]) or a Village relais (Québec, pronounced [vilaʒ ʁəlɛ]) is a small town, typically under five thousand people, designated to provide a complete set of services for national or provincial highway travellers. While most do provide natural or cultural landmarks, activities or attractions in some form, the core requirements address quality or hours of operation for amenities such as restaurants, grocers, lodging and tourist information.

Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine (French: [il e vilɛn] ⓘ; Gallo: Ill-e-Vilaenn; Breton: Il-ha-Gwilen) is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country. It is named after its two main rivers, the Ille and the Vilaine. It had a population of 1,079,498 in 2019.
Aquatic feeding mechanisms
Aquatic feeding mechanisms face a special difficulty as compared to feeding on land, because the density of water is about the same as that of the prey, so the prey tends to be pushed away when the mouth is closed. This problem was first identified by Robert McNeill Alexander. As a result, underwater predators, especially bony fish, have evolved a number of specialized feeding mechanisms, such as filter feeding, ram feeding, suction feeding, protrusion, and pivot feeding.

Most underwater predators combine more than one of these basic principles. For example, a typical generalized predator, such as the cod, combines suction with some amount of protrusion and pivot feeding.

Copepod
Copepods (/ˈkoʊpəpɒd/; meaning 'oar-feet') are a group of small crustaceans found in nearly every freshwater and saltwater habitat. Some species are planktonic (living in the water column), some are benthic (living on the sediments), several species have parasitic phases, and some continental species may live in limnoterrestrial habitats and other wet terrestrial places, such as swamps, under leaf fall in wet forests, bogs, springs, ephemeral ponds, puddles, damp moss, or water-filled recesses of plants (phytotelmata) such as bromeliads and pitcher plants. Many live underground in marine and freshwater caves, sinkholes, or stream beds. Copepods are sometimes used as biodiversity indicators.
Gaumont (surname)
Gaumont is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dominique Gaumont (1953–1983), French guitarist

Édouard Gaumont (1915–2008), French Guianese politician

Léon Gaumont (1864–1946), French inventor and industrialist, pioneer of the movie industry

Marcel Gaumont (1880-1962), French sculptor

Philippe Gaumont (1973–2013), French cyclist

Léon Gaumont
Léon Ernest Gaumont (French: [leɔ̃ ɡomɔ̃]; 10 May 1864 – 10 August 1946) was a French inventor, engineer, and industrialist who was a pioneer of the motion picture industry. He founded the world's oldest operating film studio, Gaumont, and worked in partnership with Solax Studios.
Jerzu
Jerzu (Sardinian: Jersu), is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ogliastra in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Cagliari and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Tortolì. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,287 and an area of 102.5 square kilometres (39.6 mi2). Jerzu is known for the production of a particular type of wine, called Cannonau di Jerzu.

Jerzu borders the following municipalities: Arzana, Cardedu, Gairo, Lanusei, Osini, Tertenia, Ulassai, Villaputzu.

Villaputzu
Villaputzu (Campidanese: Bidda de Putzi or Biddeputzi) is a municipality in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region and island of Sardinia, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of the Sardinian capital Cagliari. It is located in a short plain at the mouth of the Flumendosa river, next to the Sarrabus hill.

The village of Villaputzu is a part of the historic region of Sarrabus, whose municipalities are Villaputzu, Muravera, San Vito and Castiadas.

Villaputzu was the birthplace of  launeddas instrumentist Efisio Melis.
Mustin family
The Mustin family has recorded a tradition of service in the United States Navy extending from 1896 to the present. Their naval roots trace back to the first Arthur Sinclair, of Scalloway, in Shetland, father of Commodore Arthur Sinclair, who as a boy seaman sailed with Commodore George Anson in 1740, on a British mission to capture Spanish possessions in the Pacific, during the War of Jenkins' Ear. He later settled in Colonial Virginia and served in the Continental Navy during the American Revolution. Probably the most famous member was Henry Croskey Mustin, a pioneering naval aviator who was designated Navy Air Pilot No. 3 and later Naval Aviator No. 11. Two U.S. Navy destroyers have borne the name Mustin in honor of members of the family, U.S. Navy destroyer USS Mustin (DD-413) and the U.S. Navy guided-missile destroyer USS Mustin (DDG-89).

George Anson's voyage around the world
While Great Britain was fighting the War of Jenkins' Ear with Spain in 1740, Commodore George Anson led a squadron of eight ships on a mission to disrupt or capture the Spanish possessions in the Pacific. He returned to Britain in 1744 by way of China, thereby completing a circumnavigation of the globe. The voyage was notable for the capture of the Manila galleon and for its horrific losses due to powerful storms and disease, with only 188 men of the original 1,854 crew and officers surviving. An account of the voyage was published in 1748. It was widely read by the general public and was a great commercial success. It has been described in 1899 as being "still esteemed as the story of a remarkable voyage extremely well told."
East Coast Swing
East Coast Swing (ECS) is a form of social partner dance. It belongs to the group of swing dances. It is danced under fast swing music, including: big band, rock and roll, rockabilly, and boogie-woogie.

Yerrington and Outland equated East Coast Swing to the New Yorker in 1961. Originally known as "Eastern Swing" by Arthur Murray Studios, the name East Coast Swing became more common between 1975 and 1980.

Swing music
Swing music is a style of jazz that developed in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It became nationally popular from the mid-1930s. Swing represents the most famous era of jazz as a genre of entertainment, before the emergence of modern jazz. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise on the melody over the arrangement. The danceable swing style of big bands and bandleaders such as Fletcher Henderson and Benny Goodman was the dominant form of American popular music from 1935 to 1946, known as the swing era, when people were dancing the Lindy Hop. The verb "to swing" is also used as a term of praise for playing that has a strong groove or drive. Big band leaders of the swing era include Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Jimmie Lunceford, Cab Calloway, Benny Carter, Jimmy Dorsey, Tommy Dorsey, Earl Hines, Bunny Berigan, Harry James, Lionel Hampton, Glenn Miller, and Artie Shaw.
Temple Site in Cheongun-dong, Gyeongju
The Temple Site in Cheongun-dong, Gyeongju (Korean: 경주 천군동 사지; Hanja: 慶州千軍洞寺址) is the remains of a Silla-era temple in Cheongun-dong, Gyeongju, South Korea. On January 21, 1963, it was made a Historic Site of South Korea.

The name of the temple is unknown. It is believed to be from the Unified Silla period (668–935) because of the style of surviving pagodas at the site. The site was first excavated in 1938, during the Japanese colonial period. Various building sites were identified. Various artifacts were recovered, which are now in the Gyeongju National Museum.

Gyeongju National Museum
The Gyeongju National Museum (Korean: 국립경주박물관) is a museum in Gyeongju, South Korea. Its holdings are largely devoted to relics of the Silla kingdom, of which Gyeongju was the capital.

The museum is located immediately adjacent to the royal tomb complex, in an area which also includes the Gyerim forest, Cheomseongdae observatory, Banwolseong palace, and Anapji Pond.
Sydney Entertainment Centre
Sydney Entertainment Centre, later known as Qantas Credit Union Arena, was a multi-purpose arena located in Haymarket, Sydney, Australia. It opened in May 1983, to replace Sydney Stadium, which had been demolished in 1970 to make way for the Eastern Suburbs railway line. The centre was owned by the Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority, which administered the neighbouring Darling Harbour area, and managed under a lease.

It was one of Sydney's larger concert venues, licensed to accommodate over 13,000 people as a conventional theatre or 8,000 as a theatre-in-the-round. It was the largest permanent concert venue in Sydney until 1999, when the Sydney SuperDome opened at Sydney Olympic Park. The venue averaged attendances of 1 million people each year and hosted concerts, family shows, sporting events and corporate events. It closed the month before its demolition in January 2016.

Eastern Suburbs railway line
The Eastern Suburbs Railway (ESR) is a commuter railway line in Sydney constructed in the 1970s. It is operated by Sydney Trains and has stations at Martin Place, Kings Cross, Edgecliff and Bondi Junction. In addition, it has dedicated platforms at Town Hall, Central and Redfern stations. All of these stations are underground. The Eastern Suburbs railway connects with the Illawarra line at Erskineville, forming the Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line. The line features turnbacks at Central, Martin Place and Bondi Junction. There was also previously a rarely used cross-over at Edgecliff. It operates a service every 3 to 5 minutes during weekday peak hours and 8 to 10 minutes at all other times.
Smilovice (Frýdek-Místek District)
Smilovice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈsmɪlovɪtsɛ]; Polish: Śmiłowice, German: Smilowitz) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. Former Prime Minister of Poland and former president of the European Parliament Jerzy Buzek was born here. The municipality has a significant Polish minority.

Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.