hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bacteriological water analysis
Bacteriological water analysis is a method of analysing water to estimate the numbers of bacteria present and, if needed, to find out what sort of bacteria they are. It represents one aspect of water quality. It is a microbiological analytical procedure which uses samples of water and from these samples determines the concentration of bacteria. It is then possible to draw inferences about the suitability of the water for use from these concentrations. This process is used, for example, to routinely confirm that water is safe for human consumption or that bathing and recreational waters are safe to use.

The interpretation and the action trigger levels for different waters vary depending on the use made of the water. Whilst very stringent levels apply to drinking water, more relaxed levels apply to marine bathing waters, where much lower volumes of water are expected to be ingested by users.

Analysis
Analysis (pl.: analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development.

The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses.

As a formal concept, the method has variously been ascribed to René Descartes (Discourse on the Method), and Galileo Galilei. It has also been ascribed to Isaac Newton, in the form of a practical method of physical discovery (which he did not name).

The converse of analysis is synthesis: putting the pieces back together again in a new or different whole.
KOHN
KOHN (91.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Sells, Arizona, United States.  The station is owned by the Tohono O'odham Nation. It airs a Community radio format.

The station was assigned the KOHN call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on December 14, 2000. KOHN began Internet streaming on June 1, 2011.

KOHN is relayed on KOHH 90.7 in San Lucy, Arizona. The Tohono O'odham Nation also operates low-power stations in Florence Community (KOHF-LP 101.1) and San Xavier (KWAK-LP 102.5).

Tohono Oʼodham Nation
The Tohono Oʼodham Nation is the collective government body of the Tohono Oʼodham tribe in the United States. The Tohono Oʼodham Nation governs four separate sections of land with a combined area of 2.8 million acres (11,330 km2), approximately the size of Connecticut and the second-largest Indigenous land holding in the United States. These lands are in the Sonoran Desert of south central Arizona and border the Mexico–United States border for 74 miles (119 km). The Nation is organized into 11 local districts and has a tripartite system of government. Sells is the Nation's largest community and functions as its capital. The Nation has about 34,000 enrolled members, most of whom live off of the reservations.
African barred owlet
The African barred owlet (Glaucidium capense) is a species of small owl in the family Strigidae found in much of southern, central and eastern Africa. The taxon may be four species rather than a single species.

Strigidae
The true owls or typical owls (family Strigidae) are one of the two generally accepted families of owls, the other being the barn owls and bay owls (Tytonidae).  This large family comprises 230 living or recently extinct species in 24 genera. The Strigidae owls have a cosmopolitan distribution and are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Gideon Mendel
Gideon Mendel (born 31 August 1959) is a South African photographer, based in London. His work engages with contemporary social issues of global concern. It was his work as a 'struggle photographer' during the final years of apartheid in the 1980s that first brought attention to his work.

Prix Pictet
The Prix Pictet (Pictet prize) is an international award in photography. It was founded in 2008 by the Geneva-based Pictet Group with the mandate to use the power of photography to communicate messages about sustainability to a global audience. Its goal is to uncover photography of the highest order, applied to current social and environmental challenges. With the participation of over 4,700 photographers, the prize is judged by an independent jury and carries a prize of 100,000 Swiss francs.

Since 2008 the ten cycles of the Prix Pictet have been shown in more than 100 exhibitions across 25 countries with visitor numbers of over 550,000. The ten Prix Pictet winners are Benoit Aquin, Nadav Kander, Mitch Epstein, Luc Delahaye, Michael Schmidt, Valérie Belin, Richard Mosse, Joana Choumali, Sally Mann and Gauri Gill.
Edzai Kasinauyo
Edzai Kasinauyo (28 March 1975 – 16 June 2017) was a former Zimbabwean football midfielder.

He has been capped for the Zimbabwean national team.
He was in the Zimbabwean squad for the 2006 African Cup of Nations.

Zimbabwe national football team
The Zimbabwe national football team (nicknamed The Warriors) represents Zimbabwe in men's international football and is controlled by the Zimbabwe Football Association (ZIFA), formerly known as the Football Association of Rhodesia. The team has never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals, but has qualified for the Africa Cup of Nations six times. Zimbabwe has also won the COSAFA Cup six times. The team represents both FIFA and the Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Gavin Jones (squash player)
Gavin Jones (born 1 February 1980, in Maesteg) is a former Welsh professional squash player. He reached a career high of 37 in the world in December 2005. He represented Wales in the Commonwealth Games in 2002 and 2006.

Squash at the Commonwealth Games
Squash is one of the sports at the quadrennial Commonwealth Games competition. It has been held at every Games since 1998, but will not be included in the 2026 Commonwealth Games because of financial restrictions in that stripped-back edition.
María Milagros Véliz
María Milagros Véliz Pinto (born January 9, 1986, in Guacara, Carabobo state, Venezuela) is a Venezuelan model and beauty pageant titleholder who represented Venezuela in Miss World 2009, held on December 12, 2009, in Johannesburg, South Africa. She was a finalist (top six) of the "Miss World Sports" fast-track competition.

Véliz, who stands 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) tall, competed in Miss Venezuela 2008, on September 10, 2008, and obtained the title of "Miss Venezuela Mundo". She represented Anzoátegui state.

Miss Venezuela 2008
Miss Venezuela 2008 was the 55th Miss Venezuela pageant, held at the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas, Venezuela, on September 10, 2008.

Dayana Mendoza of Amazonas crowned Stefania Fernández of Trujillo as her successor at the end of the event.

On July 29, Osmel Sousa assumed further control of the selection process by directly appointing the 28 final contestants from a pool of 73 candidates.  Although winners of regional and state contests have never been guaranteed participation in the final Miss Venezuela pageant, this direct selection resulted in the unprecedented elimination of the representatives of Falcón, Lara, Sucre, Vargas and Nueva Esparta.  In addition to the two aforementioned titleholders from Zulia, a total of seven state winners were consequently stripped of their titles, which will be carried in the final pageant by other candidates.
2010 China Masters Super Series
The 2010 China Masters Super Series was a top level badminton competition which was held from September 14, 2010 to September 19, 2010 in Changzhou, China. It was the seventh BWF Super Series competition on the 2010 BWF Super Series schedule. The total purse for the event was $250,000.

Lee Sheng-mu
Lee Sheng-mu (traditional Chinese: 李勝木; simplified Chinese: 李胜木; pinyin: Lǐ Shèngmù; born 3 October 1986) is a Taiwanese badminton player from the Taiwan Cooperative Bank club. He competed at the 2010 and 2014 Asian Games, and the 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics.
Zacatecoluca FC
Zacatecoluca Fútbol Club  is a Salvadoran professional football club based in Zacatecoluca, La Paz department, El Salvador.

The club will debut in the Primera División de Fútbol de El Salvador series since the Apertura 2025 tournament.

Cuscatlán Stadium
The Cuscatlán Stadium (Spanish: Estadio Cuscatlán) is a football stadium located in the city of San Salvador, El Salvador. It was inaugurated in 1976. It can hold 53,400 spectators, making it the Association Football stadium with the largest spectator capacity in Central America and the Caribbean. The stadium has undergone several renovations, including in 1997; 2007; 2008; 2015, with the change of colors alluding to the country's flag (blue and white); and the most recent in 2020, with the installation of a new screen 100m² 4K LED and 54 new 1,500-watt metal halide luminaires with a capacity of 1,000 luxes, and an automated irrigation system.
Tyler Hansen
Tyler Hansen (born December 6, 1989) is an American former football quarterback. He was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 2012. He played college football at the University of Colorado.

Hansen made his professional debut in 2014 with the Los Angeles KISS of the Arena Football League (AFL).

Los Angeles Kiss
The Los Angeles Kiss (stylized as LA KISS) were a professional arena football team based in Anaheim, California, and members of the Arena Football League (AFL). The Kiss joined the AFL as an expansion team after Los Angeles' previous franchise (Los Angeles Avengers) did not return as a part of Arena Football 1. The team's ownership was a group of Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley, members of rock band Kiss, as well as their manager Doc McGhee. The team played its home games at the Honda Center in nearby Anaheim, which they shared with the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League. The team was featured in the AMC series 4th and Loud.
Caproni Vizzola Ventura
The Caproni Vizzola C22 Ventura was a light jet-powered aircraft developed in Italy for use as a military trainer. It was of conventional sailplane configuration and bore a family resemblance to the Caproni Calif gliders, although the Ventura had an almost entirely metal structure. The student and instructor sat side by side under an expansive canopy, and weapons hardpoints were provided under each of the slender, high-mounted wings. It had retractable, tricycle undercarriage.

In 1981, Agusta acquired 50% of the C22 programme and proposed a new version, the C22R, which was to have been a reconnaissance aircraft also capable of Forward Air Control and ELINT operations. The basic C22J trainer was exhibited at the Farnborough Air Show in 1980 and September 1982, but failed to attract any customers, and the proposed C22R was never actually built.

Hardpoint
A hardpoint is an attachment location on a structural frame designed to transfer force and carry an external or internal load. The term is usually used to refer to the mounting points (more formally known as a weapon station or station) on the airframe of military aircraft that carry weapons (e.g. gun pods and rocket pods), ordnances (bombs and missiles) and support equipment (e.g. flares and countermeasures, targeting pods or drop tanks), and also include hardpoints (also known as pylons) on the wings or fuselage of a military transport aircraft, commercial airliner or private jet where external turbofan jet engines are often mounted.
Dana Mase
Dana Mase is an American Orthodox Jewish pop singer and songwriter. She has released five albums so far: Diary (1994), Sitting with an Angel (1995), Through the Concrete & the Rocks (1998), Thread of Blue (2004) and The Colors of Black and White (2007). She is mostly known for the title track from Sitting with an Angel, which was featured in the television show Dawson's Creek. Her music also appeared on ESPN's Cold Pizza and CBS' Joan of Arcadia. She has worked with producers Steve Addabbo in Through the Concrete and Rocks and Neil Dorfsman in Thread of Blue. In 1997 she performed at Arlene's Grocery in Manhattan.

Her single “She Never Knew She Never Knew” (music video:  ) addresses institutionalization of the disabled.

Steve Addabbo
Steve Addabbo is an American record producer, songwriter and audio engineer, who helped launch the careers of Suzanne Vega and Shawn Colvin. He had a vital hand in Vega's hit single, "Luka" and Colvin's album Steady On.
Resistance movement
A resistance movement is an organized group of people that tries to resist or try to overthrow a government or an occupying power, causing disruption and unrest in civil order and stability. Such a movement may seek to achieve its goals through either the use of violent or nonviolent resistance (sometimes called civil resistance), or the use of force, whether armed or unarmed. In multiple cases, as for example in the United States during the American Revolution, or in Norway in the Second World War, a resistance movement may employ both violent and non-violent methods, usually operating under different organizations and acting in different phases or geographical areas within a country.

Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions
Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (also Protocol I or AP I) is a 1977 amendment protocol to the  Geneva Conventions of 1949 concerning the protection of civilian victims of international armed conflicts, including "armed conflicts in which peoples are fighting against colonial domination, alien occupation or racist regimes." In practice, Additional Protocol I updated and reaffirmed the international laws of war stipulated in the 1949 Geneva Conventions to accommodate developments of warfare since the Second World War(1939–1945).

As of June 2025, Additional Protocol I has been ratified by 175 states. The United States, Iran and Pakistan signed the protocol on 12 December 1977, but never ratified it. Israel, India and Turkey have not signed the protocol.
Jacob Rauluni
Jacob Rauluni (born 25 June 1972) is a former International Rugby Union player who comes from a family of international halfbacks. His father, Taito, played halfback for Fiji, as did his brother Mosese and his first cousin Waisale Serevi, who also started his career at halfback. Rauluni played for the Queensland Reds from 1995 to 2002 and he played for Fiji from 1995 to 2006. He had an extended spell playing rugby in the UK, and is best known for helping Rotherham Titans win promotion to the Premiership. In 2006 he played three tests for The Barbarians. He retired from international rugby in 2007, having played 52 tests. He played his last test against Japan as Captain of the Fiji national team.

Rotherham Titans
Rotherham Rugby Union Football Club, or Rotherham Titans is a rugby union club from Rotherham, South Yorkshire, currently playing in the third tier of the English rugby union league system, following their promotion from the National League 2 North at the end of the 2023–2024 season.

Rotherham achieved multiple promotions within the league structure in the 1990s and early 2000s. This meteoric rise ultimately culminated in two unsuccessful spells in the English Premiership. Rotherham is perhaps best known for the Rugby Football Union blocking its entry into the Premiership, its subsequent legal challenges, and a partially successful appeal to the Office of Fair Trading to break an alleged Premiership cartel.

Rotherham have developed several international players, including David Strettle, Hendre Fourie and Erik Lund.
Raped by an Angel 2: The Uniform Fan
Raped by an Angel 2: The Uniform Fan (強姦2制服誘惑) is a 1998 Category IIB Hong Kong film directed by Aman Chang, with a scenario by Wong Jing. It is the second installment of the Raped by an Angel film series.

Hong Kong motion picture rating system
The Hong Kong motion picture rating system (Chinese: 香港電影分級制度; Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2 din6 jing2 fan1 kap1 zai3 dou6) is a legal system of movie screening and rating. An official government agency issues ratings for any movie that will be shown in Hong Kong cinemas.
Baruch Taub
Baruch Alter HaCohen Taub (Hebrew: ברוך אלתר הכהן טאוב) is the founding rabbi and Rabbi Emeritus of the Beth Avraham Yoseph of Toronto Congregation (BAYT), the largest Orthodox congregation in Canada. He also served as the de facto chief rabbi of Vaughan, Ontario, and is the former National Director of NCSY. He currently lives in Netanya, Israel.

Netanya
Netanya (Hebrew: נתניה, IPA: [netanˈja]), or Natanya (IPA: [naˈtanja]), is a city in the Central District of Israel, and is the capital of the surrounding Sharon plain. It is 30 kilometres (20 mi) north of Tel Aviv, and 56 km (35 mi) south of Haifa, between the Poleg stream and the Wingate Institute in the south and the Avihayil stream in the north.

Netanya was named in honor of Nathan Straus, a prominent Jewish American merchant and philanthropist in the early 20th century who was the co-owner of Macy's department store. The 14 km (8+1⁄2 mi) of beaches have made the city a popular tourist resort.

In 2023, Netanya had a population of 233,485, ranking it as the 7th largest city in Israel by population. An additional 150,000 people live in the local and regional councils within ten kilometres (six miles) of Netanya, which serves as a regional center for them. The city mayor was Miriam Feirberg, who died in 2025.
Merrilands College
Merrilands College was a public P–12 school in Reservoir, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia now merged with Lakeside Secondary College (Radford Road Campus) to become William Ruthven Secondary College, as the Merrilands Road Campus.

Merrilands is divided into three "sub-schools". The first comprises Preparatory to Year Four, the second Year Five to Year Nine, and the third Year Ten to Year Twelve.

The principal of Merrilands College is Wayne Hill. The school was founded in 1997 through the merge of Merrilands Secondary College and Merrilands Primary School. As of 2008, it has 355 pupils.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Patrick Evans (priest)
Patrick Alexander Sidney Evans is a Church of England clergyman, born in 1943. As a child, he attended Stubbington House School between 1950 and 1956, before attending Clifton College between 1956 and 1961. 
He trained originally to become a solicitor and then worked in marketing and sales management, before training for ordination at Lincoln Theological College and becoming Vicar of St Mildred's, Tenterden and Area Dean of West Charing.

He then became Archdeacon of Maidstone and Diocesan Director of Ordinands, posts he held until 2002, and then from 2002 to his retirement in March 2007 he was Archdeacon of Canterbury in the Church of England.  From 1989 to 2007 he was also an Honorary Canon of Canterbury Cathedral.

He is co-chairman of Canterbury and Rochester Church in Society and has also served as a trustee and board member of numerous Church associations and several secular charities.

Stubbington House School
Stubbington House School was founded in 1841 as a boys' preparatory school, originally located in the Hampshire village of Stubbington, around 1 mile (1.6 km) from the Solent. Stubbington House School was known by the sobriquet "the cradle of the Navy". The school was relocated to Ascot in 1962, merging with Earleywood School, and it closed in 1997.
SN 2020jfo
SN 2020jfo was a type II supernova in the Messier 61 galaxy, first observed on 6 May 2020 with an apparent magnitude of 16.01. It was one of the first supernovae for which independent, multi-instrument data was collected before, during, and after the explosion. Large astronomical surveys like Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and Pan-STARRS have played a role in data collection before and after these events.

Pan-STARRS
The Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS1; obs. code: F51 and Pan-STARRS2 obs. code: F52) located at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, US, consists of astronomical cameras, telescopes and a computing facility that is surveying the sky for moving or variable objects on a continual basis, and also producing accurate astrometry and photometry of already-detected objects. In January 2019 the second Pan-STARRS data release was announced. At 1.6 petabytes, it is the largest volume of astronomical data ever released.
Ghost Stories (The Dream Syndicate album)
Ghost Stories is the fourth studio album by the Los Angeles-based alternative rock band The Dream Syndicate. It was released in 1988, just a year before the group disbanded. The album was re-released in 2004, with eight additional tracks recorded live for radio.

Elliot Mazer
Elliot Mazer (September 5, 1941 – February 7, 2021) was an American audio engineer and record producer.  He was best known for his work with Linda Ronstadt, Neil Young, Bob Dylan, The Band, and Janis Joplin.  In addition, he worked on film and television projects for ABC and various independent studios, and taught at University of North Carolina at Asheville and Elon University.
Jean Marishall
Jean Marishall (Jane Marshall) (fl. 1765–1788) was a Scottish novelist and dramatist. She was employed by the publisher John Newbery as a writer for the young. As a novelist she was influenced by Samuel Richardson.

John Newbery
John Newbery (9 July 1713 – 22 December 1767), considered "The Father of Children's Literature", was an English publisher of books who first made children's literature a sustainable and profitable part of the literary market. He also supported and published the works of Christopher Smart, Oliver Goldsmith and Samuel Johnson. In recognition of his achievements the Newbery Medal was named after him in 1922.
Archgoat
Archgoat is a Finnish blackened death metal band formed in 1989 by Sri Lankan-Finnish twin brothers Ritual Butcherer on guitar and Lord Angelslayer on bass and vocals. It was one of Finland's first black metal bands along with Barathrum, Impaled Nazarene and Beherit. The members of Archgoat identify with the philosophy of Satanism and the occult as expressed in their lyrical content, which also consists of anti-Christian themes.

Anti-Christian sentiment
Anti-Christian sentiment, also referred to as Christianophobia or Christophobia, is the fear, hatred, discrimination, or prejudice against Christians and/or aspects of the Christian religion's practices. These terms encompass "every form of discrimination and intolerance against Christians". The presence of anti-Christian sentiment has frequently led to the persecution of Christians throughout history.
Dov Kalmanovich
Dov Kalmanovich (Hebrew: 'דב קלמנוביץ; born 1956) is an Israeli activist and terrorism survivor, who founded the Organization of Victims of Hostilities. He served as chairman of the board of the governmental Company for the Reconstruction and Development of the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem and in other volunteer capacities. Kalmanovich served as a Deputy Mayor of Jerusalem and city council member from 2013-2018. He is considered the first Israeli victim in the First Intifada.

Company for the Reconstruction and Development of the Jewish Quarter
The Company for the Reconstruction and Development of the Jewish Quarter (Hebrew: החברה לשיקום ולפיתוח הרובע היהודי) is a state-owned enterprise established in 1968 to restore the Jewish Quarter in the Old City of Jerusalem and develop it to become a national, religious, historical, and cultural site. In the 1980s, the company completed the refurbishment and reconstruction of the Jewish Quarter. Although it was supposed to close once its initial goal was complete, as of 2021, the company continues to operate under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Jerusalem and Heritage.