hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SRD5A1
3-Oxo-5α-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SRD5A1 gene. It is one of three forms of steroid 5α-reductase.

Steroid 5α-reductase (EC 1.3.99.5) catalyzes, among other reactions, the conversion of testosterone into the more potent androgen, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3 genes in humans all encode 5α-reductase isozymes.

SRD5A3
Steroid 5-alpha-reductase 3, also known as 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 3, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SRD5A3 gene. It is one of three forms of 5α-reductase.  Unlike SRD5A1 and SRD5A2, SRD5A3 has no apparent form in androgen processing or signaling. Instead, SRD5A3 reduces polyprenol to dolichol, which is necessary for N-linked glycosylation of proteins and some lipids.
Urdos
Urdos (French pronunciation: [yʁdɔs]; Occitan: Urdòs) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.

Its station on the Pau–Canfranc railway was closed after an accident in 1970.

Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French pronunciation: [pi.ʁe.nez‿at.lɑ̃.tik] ⓘ; Gascon Occitan: Pirenèus Atlantics; Basque: Pirinio Atlantikoak) is a department located in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine in the southwest corner of metropolitan France. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlantic Ocean, it covers the French Basque Country and the Béarn. It is divided in three arrondissements and its prefecture is Pau. In 2019, it had a population of 682,621.
2013 Dan Kolov & Nikola Petrov Tournament
The 51st Dan Kolov & Nikola Petrov Tournament  was a sport wrestling event held in  Plovdiv, Bulgaria between 15 and 17 February 2013.

This international tournament includes competition in both men's and women's freestyle wrestling and men's Greco-Roman wrestling. This tournament is held in honor of Dan Kolov who was the first European freestyle wrestling champion from Bulgaria and  European and World Champion Nikola Petroff.

Nikola Petroff
Nikola Petrov (Bulgarian: Никола Петров), better known as Nikola Petroff, (19 December 1873 – 2 January 1925) was a Bulgarian wrestler.

He was born in the town of Gorna Oryahovitsa, Bulgaria. On 20 July 1898, in New York City, he earned the title "Champion of America". In the next year in Vienna, he became the European Champion in Greco-Roman wrestling. In 1900, during the Exposition Universelle in Paris, he defeated the Frenchman Paul Pons and became a world champion.

He fought in the First Balkan War. In 1921, he established his own private school of wrestling in Sofia. He died in 1925 and was buried in his home town of Gorna Oryahovitsa.

Since 1963, a yearly tournament in the name of Nikola Petrov has been organized in Bulgaria. In 1998, he was proclaimed an Honoured Citizen of Gorna Oryahovitsa.

In his 25-year wrestling career, he was defeated once by Marijan Matijević.
Athens-Belpre Rail-Trail
The Athens-Belpre Rail-Trail is a new trailway now being developed in southeast Ohio. It will link Athens, Ohio, in Athens County, with Belpre, Ohio, in Washington County. It will link on the west with the Hockhocking Adena Bikeway. There are hopes of eventually connecting with the North Bend Rail Trail in West Virginia. It will largely use the former B&O Railroad line from Belpre to Athens, which began as the B&O Short Line, and which became part of the B&O main line to St. Louis, Missouri.

The eastern spadefoot toad, Scaphiopus holbrookii, is known to inhabit one section of the right-of-way.

39°14′30.3″N 81°44′56.2″W﻿ / ﻿39.241750°N 81.748944°W﻿ / 39.241750; -81.748944

Athens, Ohio
Athens is a city in Athens County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,849 at the 2020 United States census.  Located along the Hocking River within Appalachian Ohio about 65 miles (105 km) southeast of Columbus, Athens is best known as the home of Ohio University, a large public research university with an undergraduate and graduate enrollment of more than 21,000 students. It is the principal city of the Athens micropolitan area.
Soricidin
Soricidin is a paralytic oligopeptide found in the venomous saliva of the northern short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda); in the wild, shrews use it to paralyze their prey (typically insects). Its name is a reference to "Soricidae", the family to which shrews belong.

In addition to blocking transmission of nerve impulses by inhibiting sodium channels, soricidin also inhibits the TRPV6 calcium channel,  which is over-expressed in many epithelial-cell cancers; as a result, soricidin is able to selectively induce apoptosis in breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer.

It is 54 amino acids long. It was first extracted and identified in 2000, as a result of basic research by Jack Stewart of Mount Allison University.

Calcium channel
A calcium channel is an ion channel which shows selective permeability to calcium ions. It is sometimes synonymous with voltage-gated calcium channel, which are a type of calcium channel regulated by changes in membrane potential. Some calcium channels are regulated by the binding of a ligand. Other calcium channels can also be regulated by both voltage and ligands to provide precise control over ion flow. Some cation channels allow calcium as well as other cations to pass through the membrane.

Calcium channels can participate in the creation of action potentials across cell membranes. Calcium channels can also be used to release calcium ions as second messengers within the cell, affecting downstream signaling pathways.
Bern Riedbach railway station
Bern Riedbach railway station (German: Bahnhof Bern Riedbach) is a railway station in the municipality of Bern, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Bern–Neuchâtel line of BLS AG.

BLS AG
BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 (2006) merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG. Its ownership is divided, with 55.8% of it owned by the canton of Berne, and 21.7% by the Swiss Confederation. It has two main business fields: passenger traffic and infrastructure.

BLS has a subsidiary—BLS Cargo—which is responsible for all freight operations. BLS Cargo works in cooperation with the freight subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, Railion. However, the staff, apart from management and sales, is employed by BLS AG. Part of the BLS locomotive fleet is owned by BLS Cargo.

Another subsidiary, BLS Fernverkehr AG, is responsible for long-distance passenger transport. BLS Fernverkehr AG is wholly owned by BLS AG.
Central Pacific coastal forests
The Central Pacific coastal forests is a temperate coniferous forest ecoregion located in the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington, as defined by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) categorization system.

Roosevelt elk
The Roosevelt elk (Cervus canadensis roosevelti), also known commonly as the Olympic elk and Roosevelt's wapiti, is the largest of the four surviving subspecies of elk (Cervus canadensis) in North America by body mass. Mature bulls weigh from 700 to 1,200 lb (320 to 540 kg). with very rare large bulls weighing more. Its geographic range includes temperate rainforests of the Pacific Northwest including parts of northern California. It was introduced to Alaska's Afognak, Kodiak, and Raspberry Islands in 1928 and reintroduced to British Columbia's Sunshine Coast from Vancouver Island in 1986.
In Our Lifetime (Eightball & MJG album)
In Our Lifetime is the fourth studio album by American hip hop duo Eightball & MJG. It was released on May 18, 1999, through Suave House Records under a new distribution deal with Universal Records. The recording sessions took place at Urban House Studios, Inc. and Digital Services in Houston and at the Dungeon Recording Studios in SWATS. The album was produced by T-Mix and Mr. DJ, with Tony Draper serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Big Duke, Thorough, CeeLo Green, Nina Creque, Outkast, and Toni Hickman. The album debuted at number 10 on the Billboard 200 and topped the Top R&B Albums charts, selling 95,000 copies in its first week in the United States. A music video was made for "We Started This". The album would be the duo's last recording for the Suave House Records label.

SWATS
SWATS, The S.W.A.T.S. or S.W.A.T.S. ("Southwest Atlanta, too strong") is, in street, hip-hop, or local contexts, Southwest Atlanta, plus territory extending into the adjacent cities of College Park and East Point. The term "SWATS" came into vogue around 1996 and was initially made popular by LaFace Records groups OutKast and Goodie Mob. This was the same time that "ATL" became popular as a nickname for Atlanta as a whole.

The term is relevant not just as an identifier for Southwest Atlanta but as a cultural icon embedded in rap lyrics and names of musical and other groups, with reference not just to physical place but a culture and lifestyle.
Solidarity unionism
Solidarity unionism is a model of labor organizing in which the workers themselves formulate strategy and take action against the company directly without mediation from government or paid union representatives. The term originated in a 1978 book Labor Law for the Rank and Filer by Staughton Lynd who described a model of organizing promoted in the early 20th century by the Industrial Workers of the World which eschews the formality and bureaucracy of government-recognized unions, which Lynd and co-author Daniel Gross refer to as "business unions."

Supporters feel that enabling a union which does not need to win support from a majority of workers makes it easier to organize and gain workplace improvements. This model was tried in the early 2000s by the IWW to organize Starbucks unions in the United States.

Business unionism
A business union is a type of trade union that is opposed to class or revolutionary unionism and has the principle that unions should be run like businesses.

Business unions are believed to be of American origin, and the term has been applied in particular to phenomena characteristic of American unions. This idea originated over the court's difficulty when regulating worker's industrial rights, specifically in the decades after the Civil War. The origin of the term "business unionism" is contested. Michael Goldfield (1987) notes that the term was in common usage before Hoxie was published in 1915.

According to Goldfield, Hoxie used the term to describe trade-consciousness, rather than class-consciousness; in other words, according to Hoxie, business unionists were advocates of "pure and simple" trade unionism, as opposed to class or revolutionary unionism. This sort of business unionism is what Eugene Debs often referred to as the "old unionism".
Ernie Cunliffe
Ernie Cunliffe (born September 2, 1937) is an American middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

Competing for the Stanford Cardinal track and field team, Cunliffe finished 3rd in the 800 m at the 1959 NCAA Track and Field Championships and the 1960 NCAA Track and Field Championships.

1960 NCAA track and field championships
The 1960 NCAA Track and Field Championships were held in Berkeley, California in June 1960.  The University of Kansas won the team title for the second consecutive year.  Ten NCAA meet records were broken, and one was tied.
John (Sicilian admiral)
John was the amiratus or emir of Roger II of Sicily. John was born to the Admiral Eugenius in Palermo, where his family had moved from Troina. His brothers were the logothete Philip and the amiratus Nicholas. His uncle was the notary Basil. All his family members were closely connected to the royal family and in its service. John's son was the equally famous Eugenius II.

In 1131, John was sent across the Strait of Messina to join up with a royal troop from Apulia and Calabria and march on Amalfi by land while George of Antioch blockaded the town by sea and set up a base on Capri. Amalfi soon capitulated.

In 1135, John and the chancellor Guarin were sent to Campania and the Principality of Salerno to defend the royal castles against the general rebellion of Robert II of Capua, Ranulf II of Alife, and Sergius VII of Naples. They successfully defended Capua with 2,000 knights and a similar-sized complement of infantry, but Aversa fell to Robert.

Robert II of Capua
Robert II (died 1156) was the count of Aversa and the prince of Capua from 1127 until his death .

He was the only son and successor of Jordan II of Capua. According to the Lombard chronicler Falco of Benevento, he was "of delicate constitution, he could endure neither labour nor hardship."
Halfcrazy
"Halfcrazy" is a song performed by Musiq Soulchild (then credited as Musiq), issued as the lead single from his second studio album Juslisen. The single was released only on vinyl; and it contains a sample of Charlie Byrd's cover of Francis Lai's "Vivre Pour Vivre." The song is Musiq's biggest hit to date on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 16 in 2002.

Twelve-inch single
The twelve-inch single (often written as 12-inch or 12″) is a type of vinyl (polyvinyl chloride or PVC) gramophone record that has wider groove spacing and shorter playing time with a "single" or a few related sound tracks on each surface, compared to LPs (long play) which have several songs on each side. It is named for its 12-inch (30 cm) diameter that was intended for LPs. This technical adaptation allows for louder levels to be cut on the disc by the mastering engineer, which in turn gives a wider dynamic range, and thus better sound quality. This record type, which is claimed to have been accidentally discovered by Tom Moulton, is commonly used in disco and dance music genres, where DJs use them to play in clubs. They are played at either 33+1⁄3 or 45 revolutions per minute (rpm). The conventional 7-inch single usually holds three or four minutes of music at full volume. The 12-inch LP sacrifices volume for extended playing time.
Rejection-Identification Model
The Rejection-Identification Model, sometimes referred to by the abbreviation RIM, is a social psychological model that describes how perceived discrimination can lead individuals to strengthen their identification with an in-group.
It suggests that group-based discrimination harms well-being, but identifying with that group can help protect self-esteem and therefore counteract these negative effects.

The model was developed within the framework of Social Identity Theory and has been primarily applied in research on ethnic, racial and other marginalized groups. It has been used to examine the psychological consequences of discrimination and the role of group identification in coping with identity threat.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Kežmarok District
Kežmarok District (Slovak: okres Kežmarok) is a district in
the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia. 
Its seat, cultural and economic center is Kežmarok, the traditional center of the historic Spiš region. The Kežmarok district was established in 1923 and exists in its present borders from 1996. Currently it consists of 42 municipalities, from which 3 have a town status. Main economic branches are industry and tourism. In the Kežmarok district Slovakia's top tourist attractions are located such as Pieniny National Park with easy access to the High Tatra Mountains. The district lies mainly on a foothills of High Tatras.

Kežmarok district borders Stará Ľubovňa District, Levoča District, Poprad District, Sabinov District and Poland.

Spiš
Spiš (Polish: Spisz [ˈspiʂ]; Hungarian: Szepesség or Szepes; German: Zips [tsɪps]) is a region in north-eastern Slovakia, with a very small area in south-eastern Poland (more specifically encompassing 14 former Slovak villages). Spiš is an informal designation of the territory, but it is also the name of one of the 21 official tourism regions of Slovakia. The region is not an administrative division in its own right, but between the late 11th century and 1918 it was an administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary (see separate article Szepes County in this regard).
Protic solvent
In chemistry, a protic solvent is a solvent that has a hydrogen atom bound to an oxygen (as in a hydroxyl group −OH), a nitrogen (as in an amine group −NH2 or −NH−), or fluoride (as in hydrogen fluoride). In general terms, any solvent that contains a labile H+ is called a protic solvent. The molecules of such solvents readily donate protons (H+) to solutes, often via hydrogen bonding. Water is the most common protic solvent. Conversely, polar aprotic solvents cannot donate protons but still have the ability to dissolve many salts.

Methods for purification of common solvents are available.

Hydroxy group
In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula −OH and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. In organic chemistry, alcohols and carboxylic acids contain one or more hydroxy groups. Both the negatively charged anion HO−, called hydroxide, and the neutral radical HO·, known as the hydroxyl radical, consist of an unbonded hydroxy group.

According to IUPAC definitions, the term hydroxyl refers to the hydroxyl radical (·OH) only, while the functional group −OH is called a hydroxy group.
Chalkwell
Chalkwell is a suburb of the city of Southend-on-Sea, in the ceremonial county of Essex, England. It is situated on the north bank of the Thames Estuary and is in traditional terms still part of Westcliff-on-Sea. The ward of Chalkwell is bordered by Woodfield Road, Leigh-on-Sea to the west, London Road to the North and Valkyrie Road, Westcliff-on-Sea to the east.

Port of London Authority
The Port of London Authority (PLA) is a self-funding public trust established on 31 March 1909 in accordance with the Port of London Act 1908 to govern the Port of London. Its responsibility extends over the Tideway of the River Thames and its continuation (the Kent/Essex strait). It maintains and supervises navigation, and protects the river's environment.
Sedlmayr
Sedlmayr is a surname. Notable people with the surname are:

Carl J. Sedlmayr (1886–1965), American founder and owner of Royal American Shows

Hans Sedlmayr (1896–1984), Austrian art historian

Helene Sedlmayr (1813–1898) German beauty

Walter Sedlmayr (1926–1990) German actor from Bavaria

Max Sedlmeyer, German mountaineer and climber

Royal American Shows
Royal American Shows (RAS) was a leading American traveling carnival company that operated from the 1920s to the 1990s in the United States and in Canada until the 1970s.  The company promoted itself as the "Most Beautiful Show on Earth", with the "World's Largest Midway."
1978–79 Iraq FA Cup
The 1978–79 Iraq FA Cup was the third edition of the Iraq FA Cup as a club competition. The tournament was won by Al-Zawraa, beating Al-Jaish 3–1 in the final on 3 May 1979 to secure their second cup, with goals from Hazem Jassam, Ibrahim Ali and Thamir Yousef. Al-Zawraa's previous matches in the tournament were a 7–0 win over Al-Hurriya, a 3–1 win over Al-Ittihad, a 4–0 win over Al-Shorta and a 6–0 win over Al-Shabab. Meanwhile, Al-Jaish had beaten Al-Tayaran 5–4 on penalties after a 0–0 draw in the semi-finals, after Al-Tayaran had earlier beaten Al-Minaa 2–0 in the quarter-finals. Al-Zawraa also won the 1978–79 Iraqi National League to complete the second double in Iraqi football.

Al-Talaba were disqualified from the tournament due to participating in an Arab University tournament without the approval of the Iraq Football Association.

Al-Shabab SC (Iraq)
Al-Shabab Sports Club (Youth SC, Arabic: نادي الشباب الرياضي) is an Iraqi football club that is based in Baghdad. It currently plays in the Iraqi Third Division League. Its home colours are a shirt with blue and black Inter Milan style stripes with black shorts and blue socks and its away colors are a white shirt with blue shoulders and blue on the sides with blue shorts and white socks.
MPEG-4
MPEG-4 is a group of international standards for the compression of digital audio and visual data, multimedia systems, and file storage formats. It was originally introduced in late 1998 as a group of audio and video coding formats and related technology agreed upon by the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC29/WG11) under the formal standard ISO/IEC 14496 – Coding of audio-visual objects. Uses of MPEG-4 include compression of audiovisual data for Internet video and CD distribution, voice (telephone, videophone) and broadcast television applications. The MPEG-4 standard was developed by a group led by Touradj Ebrahimi (later the JPEG president) and Fernando Pereira.

Broadcast television systems
Broadcast television systems (or terrestrial television systems outside the US and Canada) are the encoding or formatting systems for the transmission and reception of terrestrial television signals.

Analog television systems were standardized by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in 1961, with each system designated by a letter (A-N) in combination with the color standard used (NTSC, PAL or SECAM) - for example PAL-B, NTSC-M, etc.). These analog systems for TV broadcasting dominated until the 2000s.

With the introduction of digital terrestrial television (DTT), they were replaced by four main systems in use around the world: ATSC, DVB, ISDB and DTMB.
Te Waiohua
Te Waiohua or Te Wai-o-Hua is a Māori iwi (tribe) confederation that thrived in the early 17th century. The rohe (tribal area) was primarily the central Tāmaki Makaurau area (the Auckland isthmus) and they had pā (fortified settlements) at Te Tātua a Riukiuta (Three Kings), Puketāpapa (Mt Roskill), Te Ahi-kā-a-Rakataura (Mt Albert), Maungakiekie (One Tree Hill), Maungawhau (Mt Eden), Tītīkōpuke (Mt St John), Ōhinerau (Mt Hobson), Rangitotoiti (Upland Reserve), Taurarua (Judges Bay), Rarotonga (Mt Smart), Ōtāhuhu, Te Pane o Mataaoho (Māngere Mountain), Ihumātao, Matukutūreia (McLaughlin's Mountain) and Matukutūruru (Wiri Mountain), until the 1740s, when the paramount Waiohua chief, Kiwi Tāmaki, was defeated by the Ngāti Whātua hapū, Te Taoū. The descendants of the Waiohua confederation today include Ngāti Te Ata Waiohua, Ngāti Tamaoho and Te Ākitai Waiohua.

Te Taoū
Te Taoū is a Māori iwi (tribe)  of Northland and the Auckland Region in New Zealand. Together with Te Uri-o-Hau, Te Roroa and Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei, it comprises the iwi (tribe) of Ngāti Whātua. The four iwi can act together or separately as independent tribes. Te Taoū has been considered to be a hapū (subtribe) of Ngāti Whātua in the past, but this is disputed. Te Taoū have attempted to separate from Ngāti Whātua in Treaty of Waitangi settlement negotiations, claiming that Ngāti Whātua do not represent them and being kept under Ngāti Whātua will cause a loss of sovereignty and mana.