hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giessen-Nieuwkerk
Giessen-Nieuwkerk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɣisəˈniukɛr(ə)k]) is a former town in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is now called Giessenburg. It is also the name of a former municipality, that existed until 1957, when it merged with Peursum to form the new municipality of Giessenburg.

The name means "Giessen-New Church", and refers to the small river Giessen. The town Giessen-Oudekerk ("Giessen-Old Church") is located 2 km southwest.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Commensurability (astronomy)
Commensurability is the property of two orbiting objects, such as planets, satellites, or asteroids, whose orbital periods are in a rational proportion.

Examples include the 2:3 commensurability between the orbital periods of Neptune and Pluto, the 3:4 commensurability between the orbital periods of the Saturnian satellites Titan and Hyperion, the orbital periods associated with the Kirkwood gaps in the asteroid belt relative to that of Jupiter, and the 2:1 commensurability between Gliese 876 b and Gliese 876 c.

Commensurabilities are normally the result of an orbital resonance, rather than being due to coincidence.

Proportionality (mathematics)
In mathematics, two sequences of numbers, often experimental data, are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ratio. The ratio is called coefficient of proportionality (or proportionality constant) and its reciprocal is known as constant of normalization (or normalizing constant). Two sequences are inversely proportional if corresponding elements have a constant product.

Two functions  and  are proportional if their ratio  is a constant function.

If several pairs of variables share the same direct proportionality constant, the equation expressing the equality of these ratios is called a proportion, e.g., ⁠a/b⁠ = ⁠x/y⁠ = ⋯ = k (for details see Ratio).
Proportionality is closely related to linearity.
Chris Cayole
Christopher Anthony Cayole (born January 1, 1985) is an American former professional basketball player who last played for Santos de San Luis in Mexico. He has consistently been one of the most proficient 3 point marksmen in the NBL Canada and other leagues. Cayole's off court experience included serving as a Basketball Camp Counselor for eight years at the University of Vermont and his alma mater Saint Michael's College.

Santos del Potosí
The Santos del Potosí (English: San Luis Saints) is a professional basketball team based in San Luis Potosi City, that participates in the most important Mexican basketball league Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP).
Fort Worth Braves
The Fort Worth Braves were a professional American football team based in Fort Worth, Texas. The team, first known as the Fort Worth Texans, was announced in 1967 as a member of the Texas Football League, and played their 1967 home games at Turnpike Stadium. The franchise was renamed as the Braves and moved its home games to Farrington Field for the 1968 season. In 1969 the Braves, along with the rest of the TFL, joined the Continental Football League as part of its new Texas Division.

When the COFL folded after its 1969 season the Braves returned as part of a fully autonomous, six-team TFL. The 1970 Braves made the postseason and advanced to the TFL title game, where they lost 21-17 to the San Antonio Toros. The Braves were just one of the four TFL franchises to remain in the league when it changed its name to the Trans-American Football League (TAFL) in late 1970. The TAFL lasted just one season, after which it and the Braves ceased operations.

Texas Football League
The Texas Football League (TFL) was a low-level American football minor league that operated in primarily in the United States from 1966 through 1968, and again between 1970 and 1971 as a new incarnation called the Trans-American Football League (TAFL).

The 1971 season of the TAFL was the first season of spring pro football in United States, which made it the first spring pro football league.
Impilahti
Impilahti (Russian: Импила́хти; Karelian: Imbilahti; Swedish: Impilax) is a rural locality in the Republic of Karelia, Russia, located at the northern tip of Lake Ladoga near the Finnish border, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Petrozavodsk, the capital city of the Republic of Karelia. The nearest town is Sortavala, which is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Sortavala. Before World War II, the area belonged to Finland, after which it became part of the Soviet Union.

In 2012 the population of Impilahti was about one thousand. According to the 2010 census, 74% of the population are Russian, 9% Belarusian, 7% Karelian, 3% Ukrainian and 2% Finnish.

Republic of Karelia
The Republic of Karelia, or simply Karelia or Karjala (Russian: Каре́лия, Ка́рьяла; Karelian: Karjala) is a republic of Russia situated in the northwest of the country. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and covers an area of 172,400 square kilometres (66,600 square miles), with a population of 533,121 residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk.

The modern Karelian Republic was founded as an autonomous republic within the Russian SFSR, by the Resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) on 27 June 1923 and by the Decree of the VTsIK and the Council of People's Commissars of 25 July 1923, from the Karelian Labour Commune. From 1940 to 1956, it was known as the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the republics of the Soviet Union. In 1956, it was once again made an autonomous republic and remained part of Russia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Danny Shepherd
Danny Shepherd is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition in the 1980s and 1990s.

A promising front-row forward for the Eastern Suburbs Roosters, Shepherd played 41 games for the club between 1987 and 1990. He was struck down by severe sunstroke during an early season match against the Gold Coast at the Sydney Football Stadium in March 1990. After eleven days near death at Sydney's St Vincent's Hospital, Shepherd went on to make a full recovery. He returned to his hometown of Dubbo to continue playing and coaching rugby league in the country, though never played first-grade football again.

New South Wales Rugby League
The New South Wales Rugby League Ltd (NSWRL) is an Australian rugby league football competition operator in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission.

It was registered on 21 December 1983 and succeeded the New South Wales Rugby Football League which had been formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907. The NSWRFL and then NSWRL operated the premier rugby league club competitions for Sydney, then New South Wales and then Australia from 1908 to 1994. The organisation administers the New South Wales rugby league team for State of Origin.
Sberna
Sberna is an Italian surname. It was originally introduced to Sicily and southern Italy by the Normans between the 11th and 12th centuries. According to Gerhard Rohlfs, it derives from a Sicilian word of Celtic origin, sberna ("alder"), whereas for Giuseppe Gioeni it means "big cloth cover" (cf. burnous). Related surnames are Vernon, Osborne (in the English-speaking world) and Bernaz (in the Chablais).

People with the surname Sberna include:

Antonella Sberna (born 1982), Italian politician

Antonella Sberna
Antonella Sberna (born 11 January 1982) is an Italian politician of Brothers of Italy who was elected member of the European Parliament in 2024. She was previously a councillor in Viterbo, and worked for the European Parliament, the consulate-general of Italy in Los Angeles, and the Senate of the Republic.
Postage stamps and postal history of Biafra
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Biafra.

The Republic of Biafra was a secessionist state in south-eastern Nigeria which existed from 30 May 1967 to 15 January 1970. The secession was led by the Igbo people following economic, ethnic, cultural and religious tensions among the various peoples of Nigeria and contributed to the causes for the Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Nigerian-Biafran War. Biafra was recognized by Gabon, Haiti, Côte d'Ivoire, Tanzania and Zambia.

The authorities in Biafra issued banknotes and postage stamps in order to assert their claim to sovereignty. The postage stamps were used mainly on internal mail within the region but also on some external mail sent by air via Libreville in Gabon. The stamps are not recognised as legitimate by all stamp catalogues.

Secession
Secession (from Latin: sēcessiō, lit. 'a withdrawing') is a term and a concept which is used in reference to the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity.

In international law, secession is understood as a process in which an integral part of a state's territory unilaterally withdraws without the consent of the original state.

The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to separatism.
Everyone Else Burns
Everyone Else Burns  is a British television sitcom made for Channel 4 by JAX Media and Universal International Studios, starring Simon Bird, Kate O'Flynn, Amy James-Kelly, Harry Connor and Morgana Robinson. The first series premiered in January 2023, with a second broadcast in October 2024; all episodes were made available at once on streaming.

Universal International Studios
Universal International Studios (formerly known as NBCUniversal International Television Production and NBCUniversal International Studios) is the global international television production arm of American television production group Universal Studio Group which in belongs to NBCUniversal. It’s headquartered in London, England, with offices in Los Angeles, California. The company owns seven production companies and produces scripted and unscripted programmes for international markets, along with international adaptations of NBCUniversal's formats.
Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse
Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ syʁ møz], literally Saint-Georges on Meuse; Walloon: Sint-Djôr-so-Mouze) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

On January 1, 2006, Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse had a total population of 6,613. The total area is 20.90 km2 which gives a population density of 316 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality also includes the following population centres: Dommartin, la Mallieue, Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse, Stockay, Sur-les-Bois, Tincelle, Warfée, Warfusée, and Yernawe.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Atessa
Atessa (locally L'Atésse) is a  municipality in the province of Chieti, Abruzzo, south-eastern Italy. It is part of the Val di Sangro mountain community. It is the largest municipality in the province by extension and eighth by population.

The closest airport is Abruzzo Airport, which is 41 miles distance. The closest beach is Lido di Casalbordino, a 17 miles drive. The town hospital is Azienda Sanitaria Locale 2 Lanciano, though there are several other medical center options available in town. The closest railway station is Atessa Vasto-S. Salvo train station, 2 miles from city center.

Sangro
The Sangro is a river in eastern central Italy, known in ancient times as Sagrus from the Greek Sagros or Isagros, Ισαγρος.

It rises in the middle of Abruzzo National Park near Pescasseroli in the Apennine Mountains. It flows southeast past Pescasseroli, Opi and Villetta Barrea and flows into the artificial lake Lago di Barrea. Likewise, it then flows northeast through Alfedena, Castel di Sangro, Ateleta, Quadri, and Villa Santa Maria, before flowing into the Lago di Bomba. From there it flows northeast, where it is joined by the Aventino, then into the Adriatic Sea south of Punta Cavalluccio.

During World War II, the mouth of the Sangro was part of the series of German military fortifications known as the Gustav Line. The Eighth Army crossed the Sangro on 23 November 1943. This crossing was the beginning of the Allied offensive on the Winter Line defences east of the Apennines, which petered out in mid-December, having failed to secure vital cities such as Orsogna.
Fokker F.VIII
The Fokker F.VIII (or F.8) was a large twin-engined airliner designed and produced by the Dutch aircraft manufacturer Fokker in the 1920s.

It was similar overall to the Fokker F.VII which was generally a trimotor, but with a larger body with no nose engine. The F.VIII seated twelve in what was for the period a luxury seating setup.

In the same family of aircraft was the even larger F.IX, or F-9, which used a trimotor configuration.

KLM
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, or simply KLM (an abbreviation for their official name Koninklijke Luchtvaart Maatschappij N.V. [ˈkoːnɪŋkləkə ˈlʏxtfaːrt ˌmaːtsxɑˈpɛi ˌɛnˈveː], lit. 'Royal Aviation Company'), is the flag carrier of the Netherlands. KLM’s headquarters are located in Amstelveen, with its hub at nearby Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. It is a subsidiary of the Air France–KLM group and a member of the SkyTeam airline alliance. Founded in 1919, KLM is the oldest operating airline still using its original name, having gone through significant changes in its ownership and legal structure over its history, including a period of majority government ownership. The company had a fleet of 110 aircraft (excluding subsidiaries) and 35,488 employees as of 2021. KLM operates scheduled passenger and cargo services to 145 destinations.
Gilmer (surname)
Gilmer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Gilmer (1829–1906), sawmill owner

Dixie Gilmer (1901–1954), U.S. Representative from Oklahoma

Elizabeth Gilmer (1880–1960), New Zealand social worker, educationist and horticulturist

Elizabeth Meriwether Gilmer (1861–1951), American columnist better known as Dorothy Dix

Dr. George Gilmer, Sr. (1700–1757), mayor of Williamsburg, Virginia

George Rockingham Gilmer (1790–1859), American politician

Harry Gilmer (1926–2016), College Football Hall of Fame member and National Football League player

Jeremy Francis Gilmer (1818–1883), American soldier, Chief Engineer of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War

John Adams Gilmer (1805–1868), American politician and brother of Jeremy Gilmer

Thomas Walker Gilmer (1802–1844), American statesman

William Gilmer (1863–1955), American Naval officer and Governor of Guam

George R. Gilmer
George Rockingham Gilmer (April 11, 1790 – November 16, 1859) was an American politician. He served two non-consecutive terms as the 34th governor of Georgia, the first from 1829 to 1831 and the second from 1837 to 1839. He also served multiple terms in the United States House of Representatives.
Martha Grabowski
Martha R. Grabowski is an American expert on organizational risk, particularly in maritime operations. She is currently a Distinguished Research Scientist at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering. She is a Professor Emerita of Information Systems in the Madden College of Business and Economics  at Le Moyne College in DeWitt, New York, where she held the McDevitt distinguished chair in information systems and directed the information systems program.

Le Moyne College
Le Moyne College is a private Jesuit college located mostly in DeWitt, New York. It was founded by the Jesuits in 1946 and named after the Jesuit missionary Simon Le Moyne. Le Moyne was the first co-educational Jesuit college in the United States.
Flag of Quebec
The flag of Quebec (drapeau du Québec), called the Fleurdelisé in French (pronounced [flœʁdəlize]), represents the Canadian province of Quebec. It consists of a white cross on a blue background, with four white fleurs-de-lis.

It was the first provincial flag officially adopted in Canada and was originally shown on January 21, 1948, at the Parliament Building in Quebec City, during the administration of Maurice Duplessis. Legislation governing its usage was enacted on March 9, 1950. Quebec's Flag Day (January 21) commemorates its adoption each year, although for some time it was celebrated in May.

Flag Day
A flag day is a flag-related holiday, a day designated for flying a certain flag (such as a national flag) or a day set aside to celebrate a historical event such as a nation's adoption of its flag.

Flag days are usually codified in national statutes passed by legislative bodies or parliaments; however, in some countries a decree or proclamation by the head of state or chief executive can also order a flag day. The statute, or the proclamation or decree, may specify locations where flags are to be flown and how (for example, at full- or half-staff); alternatively, custom may prevail. The flag day is naturally a flag-flying day.
Anthoxanthum odoratum
Anthoxanthum odoratum is a short-lived perennial grass, commonly known as sweet vernal grass, that is native to acidic grassland in Eurasia and northern Africa. It is grown as a lawn grass and a house plant, due to its sweet scent, and can also be found on unimproved pastures and meadows. The specific epithet odoratum is Latin for 'odorous'.

Houseplant
A houseplant, also known as a pot plant, potted plant, or indoor plant, is an ornamental plant cultivated indoors for aesthetic or practical purposes. These plants are commonly found in homes, offices, and various indoor spaces, where they contribute to the ambiance by adding natural beauty and improving air quality. Most houseplants are tropical or semi-tropical species, as they thrive in the warm, humid conditions often found indoors. Many of them are epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants), succulents (which store water in their leaves), or cacti, which are particularly well-suited to indoor environments due to their low maintenance requirements.
Hugo Robles Robles
Hugo Orlando Robles Robles (3 July 1915 – 24 June 1999) was a Chilean miner, labor union leader, and politician affiliated with the Communist Party of Chile.

He served as Deputy for the 2nd Departmental Group (Antofagasta, Tocopilla, El Loa, and Taltal) from 1961 to 1973. He also served as Councilman of Antofagasta from 1947 to 1950.

Taltal
Taltal is a Chilean commune and city in Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta Region. According to the 2012 census, the commune has a population of 11,132 and has an area of 20,405.1 km2 (7,878 sq mi).
The commune is home to Paranal Observatory and includes the northern portion of Pan de Azúcar National Park.

The commune of Taltal hosts multiple copper mines including Franke, Altamira and Las Luces; all operated and owned by Grupo Minero Las Cenizas.
Short Sleeve Sampson
Daniel DiLucchio (born 1973) is an American Midget professional wrestler best known by his ring name Short Sleeve Sampson. Sampson works on the independent circuit, mainly for Micro Championship Wrestling, TNT Pro Wrestling, and Midget Wrestling Warriors. He has also occasionally made appearances with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling and World Wrestling Entertainment.

High Impact Wrestling
High Impact Wrestling Canada (HIW) was a professional wrestling promotion, based in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. Known for its hard hitting "Saskatchewan Style", the HIW roster consisted of nearly 40 regular performers. On January 1, 2019, the company celebrated its 21-year anniversary. This anniversary made High Impact Wrestling one of the oldest continuously active pro-wrestling companies to run in Canada. HIW partnered with Access 7, a TV station in Regina, SK, in January 2014 to begin producing a weekly TV show which aired every Tuesday at 8 pm. The Access television program aired for five consecutive seasons. HIW closed on October 25, 2019, after 21 years of operation. It was announced on September 20, 2019, that the company would be absorbed by Winnipeg based Canadian Wrestling's Elite.
Gołocice
Gołocice [ɡɔwɔˈt͡ɕit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Witonia, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-west of Witonia, 9 km (6 mi) north of Łęczyca, and 42 km (26 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łęczyca County
Łęczyca County (Polish: powiat łęczycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Łęczyca, which lies 35 kilometres (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

The county covers an area of 774 square kilometres (298.8 sq mi). As of 2006, its total population was 53,435, out of which the population of Łęczyca was 15,423 and the rural population was 38,012.
2017 Badminton Asia Junior Championships – Boys' singles
The boys' singles tournament of the 2017 Asian Junior Badminton Championships was held from July 26 to 30. The defending champions of the last edition was Sun Feixiang from China. Leong Jun Hao of Malaysia emerged as the champion after beating Bai Yupeng of China in the final with the score 21-6, 20-22, 21-17.

Sun Feixiang
Sun Feixiang (Chinese: 孙飞翔; born 15 May 1998) is a Chinese badminton player from Yichang. He was the gold medalists at the 2016 Asian and World Junior Championships in the boys' singles event. He won his first senior international title at the 2017 China International tournament in the men's singles event, and claimed his first BWF Tour title in the 2019 Indonesia Masters Super 100 tournament, beating Thailand's Tanongsak Saensomboonsuk in straight games in the final.
Celeus (Crete)
In Greek mythology, Celeus (/ˈsiːliəs/ SEE-lee-əs; Ancient Greek: Κελεός, romanized: Keleós, lit. 'woodpecker') is a Cretan man who attempted to steal from Zeus, the king of gods, and was punished for it. He was transformed into a woodpecker for attempting to steal from him.

Antoninus Liberalis
Antoninus Liberalis (Greek: Ἀντωνῖνος Λιβεράλις) was an Ancient Greek mythographer who probably flourished in the late 2nd or early 3rd century CE.  He is known as the author of The Metamorphoses, a collection of tales that offers new variants of already familiar myths as well as stories that are not attested in other ancient sources.