hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Hamond
Sir Charles Frederick Hamond (1817 – 2 March 1905) was a Conservative Party politician.

Hamond first stood for election at the 1874 Newcastle-upon-Tyne by-election, but was unsuccessful. However, he was then elected for the seat at the 1874 election, but was beaten again in 1880. He continued to fight for the seat, standing in 1885 and an 1886 by-election, before being elected to the seat again in 1892. He held the seat until 1900 when he did not seek re-election.

1874 Newcastle-upon-Tyne by-election
The 1874 Newcastle-upon-Tyne by-election was fought on 14 January 1874.  The by-election was fought due to the death of the incumbent MP of the Liberal Party, Joseph Cowen.  It was won by his son, the Liberal candidate Joseph Cowen.
Ta'uma
Ta'uma (طعوما) is a village in northwestern Syria administratively belonging to the al-Haffah District of the Latakia Governorate, located northeast of Latakia. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Kinsabba had a population was 498 in 2004.

Latakia Governorate
Latakia Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة اللاذقية Muḥāfaẓat al-Lādhiqīyah), officially known as Lattakia Governorate, and also transliterated as Ladhakia, is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in northwestern Syria, bordering Turkey's Hatay Province to the north, Idlib and Hama Governorate to the east, Tartus Governorate to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Its reported area varies in different sources from 2,297 km2 (887 sq mi) to 2,437 km2 (941 sq mi). The governorate has a population of 1,008,000 (2011 estimate).
.35 Remington
The .35 Remington (9.1 x 49 mm) is the only cartridge from Remington's lineup of medium-power rimless cartridges still in commercial production. Introduced in 1906, it was originally chambered for the Remington Model 8 semi-automatic rifle in 1908.

It is also known as 9 x 49 mm Browning, 9 x 48 mm Browning, and 9 mm Don Gonzalo.

Rim (firearms)
A rim is an external flange that is machined, cast, molded, stamped, or pressed around the bottom of a firearms cartridge. Thus, rimmed cartridges are sometimes called "flanged" cartridges. Almost all cartridges feature an extractor or headspacing rim, in spite of the fact that some cartridges are known as "rimless cartridges". The rim may serve a number of purposes, including providing a lip for the extractor to engage, and sometimes serving to headspace the cartridge.
Joseph B. Reynolds
Joseph Birdsall Reynolds (February 5, 1836 – March 27, 1898) was an American lawyer from Chilton, Wisconsin who served one term as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from Calumet County. He was elected as both a Greenback Party and Democratic candidate.

Calumet County, Wisconsin
Calumet County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 52,442. The county seat is Chilton. The county was created in 1836 (then in the Wisconsin Territory) and organized in 1850.

Calumet County is included in the Appleton, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Combined Statistical Area.

The Holyland is partially located in southern Calumet County.
Nam Yimyaem
Nam Yimyaem (Thai: นาม ยิ้มแย้ม) is a retired judge of the Supreme Court of Thailand and former Deputy President of the Court. He currently serves as the chairperson of the committee investigating the assets of deposed Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra.

Supreme Court of Thailand
The Supreme Court of Thailand (Thai: ศาลฎีกา, romanized: San Dika), located in Bangkok, Thailand, is the highest Thai court of justice, covering criminal and civil cases of the entire country. The Supreme Court operates separately from the Administrative Court and the Constitutional Court. Its judgments are considered final; neither plaintiff nor respondent can request any further appeals.

A justice of the Supreme Court can be appointed from among justices of the Court of Appeals having seniority, extensive knowledge and experience. The current president of the Supreme Court is Judge Adisak Tantiwong.
Christmas in the City (Lea Michele album)
Christmas in the City is the third studio album by American singer Lea Michele. It was released through Sony Music Entertainment on October 25, 2019. The album was produced by Peer Åström and Adam Anders, who produced the tracks featured on Glee. Christmas in the City features an original track, "Christmas in New York", and three duets—Michele sings with Jonathan Groff on "I'll Be Home for Christmas", with Darren Criss on "White Christmas" and with Cynthia Erivo on "Angels We Have Heard on High". "It's the Most Wonderful Time of the Year" was released ahead of the album on September 19, 2019 as the lead single.

White Christmas (song)
"White Christmas" is a song reminiscing about an old-fashioned Christmas setting. Written by Irving Berlin for the 1942 musical film Holiday Inn, the song won the Academy Award for Best Original Song at the 15th Academy Awards.

Introduced by Bing Crosby, it topped the Billboard chart for 11 weeks and returned to the number one position again in December 1943 and 1944. His version would return to the top 40 a dozen times in subsequent years, the most recent being 2025. Crosby's version is the world's best-selling single (in terms of sales of physical media), with estimated sales in excess of 50 million physical copies worldwide. When the figures for other versions of the song are added to Crosby's, sales of the song exceed 100 million. It also remains one of the best-selling singles in the United States with estimated physical copies sold between 10 and 12 million as of 1963.

Since its release, "White Christmas" has been covered by many artists.
Benjamin Hickox
Benjamin Hickox (also Benjamin Hickcox) (1686 – November 17, 1745) was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives from Norwalk, Connecticut Colony in the session of May 1728.

He was the son of Samuel Hickox, and Hannah Upson.

He operated a gristmill which was located behind the present site of the Congregational Church in 
Wilton where there is a waterfall over the Comstock Brook (the Falls Branch of the Norwalk River). The mill served as a gathering place where local residents organized their efforts for status as a parish. He was the first deacon of the Congregational Church in Wilton.

Norwalk, Connecticut
Norwalk is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The city, part of the New York Metropolitan Area, is the sixth-most populous city in Connecticut as of the 2020 census, with a population of 91,184.

Norwalk is on the northern shore of Long Island Sound and was first settled in 1649.
Irina Tarasova
Irina Ivanovna Tarasova (Russian: Ирина Ивановна Тарасова; born 15 April 1987, Kovrov) is a Russian shot putter.

Tarasova's results from the 2012 Olympic Games, where she originally finished ninth, were annulled for doping violation by the Athletics Integrity Unit in August 2022. All results from July 4, 2012 to July 12, 2016, were cancelled. This also included stripping of the gold (2015) and silver (2014) medals that she won at the European team championships.

Athletics Integrity Unit
The Athletics Integrity Unit (AIU) is a Monaco-based organization  founded by World Athletics in April 2017 to combat doping and address other forms of ethical misconduct in the sport of athletics. It operates independently from World Athletics to fulfill World Anti-Doping Code requirements. It is currently headed by Brett Clothier.

The organization collected more than 3800 samples from athletes in the first six months of 2021 in advance of the 2020 Summer Olympics. In 2023, AIU announced new efforts to establish a "blood steroid passport" to better detect the presence of steroids, more commonly used in sprinting and throwing events, through blood serum and endocrine testing.

AIU argues that the number of doping bans in athletics indicates that other sports are not robustly testing athletes.
Grüsch
Grüsch is a Swiss village in the Prättigau and a municipality in the political district Prättigau/Davos Region in the canton of the Grisons. On 1 January 2011, the former municipalities of Fanas and Valzeina were merged with Grüsch.

Prättigau
The Prättigau is a geographical region in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland. It consists of the main valley of the river Landquart and the valleys of its side-rivers and creeks. Landquart River, which drains into the Alpine Rhine in the town of the same name, is on its upper end home to the ski resorts of Klosters.

Landquart is a village with a railway junction on the flat floor valley of the Alpine Rhine just north of Chur, the capital of the Grisons.

The Prättigau is a tourist destination for winter and summer activities, including downhill and cross-country skiing, tobogganing and hiking.

Traditionally, towns in the Prättigau were reliant on the lumber industry, although the income from tourism has largely replaced that.

The historical American Van Leer family claims lineage from this area through Swiss archives.
Merocrine
Merocrine (or eccrine) is a term used to classify exocrine glands and their secretions in the study of histology. A cell is classified as merocrine if the secretions of that cell are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and then onto a bodily surface or into the lumen.

Merocrine is the most common manner of secretion. The gland releases its product and no part of the gland is lost or damaged (compare holocrine and apocrine).

The term eccrine is specifically used to designate merocrine secretions from sweat glands (eccrine sweat glands), although the term merocrine is often used interchangeably.

Histology
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, microanatomy or histoanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

Historically, microscopic anatomy was divided into organology, the study of organs, histology, the study of tissues, and cytology, the study of cells, although modern usage places all of these topics under the field of histology. In medicine, histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. In the field of paleontology, the term paleohistology refers to the histology of fossil organisms.
Zsolt Bor
Zsolt Bor (born 1949) is a Hungarian physicist, currently working at the University of Szeged. He has a BSc in electrical engineering from the Technical University in Kiev (1973), an MSc in physics (1974), and PhD in physics  from JATE University (1975). He is a member of the Academia Europaea, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the Quantum Electronics and Optics Division of the European Physical Society, the Commission on Quantum Electronics, and Hungarian Physical Society Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics. He is one of the inventors of the Rhinolight phototherapeutical apparatus for hay fever therapy.

Hungarian Academy of Sciences
The Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungarian: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈtudomaːɲoʃ ˈɒkɒdeːmijɒ], MTA) is Hungary’s foremost and most prestigious learned society. Its headquarters are located along the banks of the Danube in Budapest, between Széchenyi rakpart and Akadémia utca. The Academy's primary functions include the advancement of scientific knowledge, the dissemination of research findings, the support of research and development, and the representation of science in Hungary both domestically and around the world.
Gnathomortis
Gnathomortis (meaning "jaws of death") is an extinct genus of marine lizard belonging to the mosasaur family. Fossils of Gnathomortis have been recovered from the Early Campanian Mancos Shale of Colorado. The genus contains a single species, G. stadtmani, considered a species of the related Prognathodon up until its 2020 redescription. It was a large mosasaur measuring 10.5 metres (34 ft) long.

Gnathomortis was originally named as a species of Prognathodon in 1999. A phylogenetic analysis by Schulp et al. (2006) found that Prognathodon species coded in their analysis comprise one clade, but that "Prognathodon" stadtmani fell outside that clade, and as such did not fit in that genus. Although the holotype of "P." stadtmani consists only of a partial skull and vertebral column (catalogued as BYU 13082), further preparation of the specimen revealed unique features of the quadrate and skull roof, on the basis of which Lively moved it to the new genus Gnathomortis in 2020.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
From an Abandoned Work
From An Abandoned Work, a "meditation for radio" by Samuel Beckett, was first broadcast on BBC Radio 3’s Third Programme on Saturday, 14 December 1957 together with a selection from the novel Molloy. Donald McWhinnie, who already had a great success with All That Fall, directed the Irish actor Patrick Magee.

The work began as "a short prose piece, written about 1954-55, a step towards a novel soon abandoned" and Beckett's "first text written in English since Watt." Though initially published as a theater piece by the British publisher Faber and Faber following its performance on the BBC, it is now "generally anthologized with Beckett's short fiction".

Translated into French by Beckett with Ludovic and Agnès Janvier, it was published as "D'un ouvrage abandonné" by Les Éditions de Minuit in 1967 and included in Têtes-mortes, a collection of short stories.

Watt (novel)
Watt was Samuel Beckett's second published novel in English. It was largely written on the run in the South of France during the Second World War and was first published by Maurice Girodias's Olympia Press in 1953.
Goga Chkheidze
Goga Chkheidze (Georgian: გოგა ჩხეიძე; born 11 February 1996) is a Georgian weightlifter competing in the 69 kg division until 2018 and 67 kg starting in 2018 after the International Weightlifting Federation reorganized the categories.

International Weightlifting Federation
The International Weightlifting Federation, aka IWF, is the international governing body for the sport of Weightlifting. Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland, it has 193 affiliated national federations. Mohammed Hasan Jalood has been its president since June 2022.

The IWF organizes the World Weightlifting Championships, as well as world championship events for Youth and Juniors. It also cooperates with the International Olympic Committee in the organization of Weightlifting events at the Olympic Games; however, weightlifting's inclusion in the 2028 Olympics is uncertain, due to doping issues within the sport, and governance issues within IWF, and weightlifting's inclusion is expected to be decided by an IOC meeting in 2023. Weightlifting was scheduled as a sport in the 2024 Olympics but with reduced numbers of athletes and events.

IWF traces its history to the formation of the "Amateur-Athleten-Weltunion" (Amateur Athletes World Union) in 1905.
Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Heavyweight
The men's heavyweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1956 Summer Olympics.  The weight class was allowed boxers of more than 81 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 24 November to 1 December 1956. 11 boxers from 11 nations competed.

Pete Rademacher
Thomas Peter Rademacher (November 20, 1928 – June 4, 2020) was an American heavyweight boxer. As an amateur, he was a gold medalist at the 1956 Olympics. Rademacher became the only person to challenge for the world heavyweight championship in his first professional bout when he faced Floyd Patterson in Seattle on August 22, 1957.  He compiled a 15-7-1 record over 23 professional bouts.

A former college football player at Washington State, Rademacher took up boxing as a form of rehabilitation during his recovery from rheumatic fever, which he contracted in military school.
University of Alabama Observatory
The University of Alabama Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.  The new domed observatory was built atop Gallalee Hall, completed in 1949.  It replaced the Old Observatory, which had been in use from 1849 until the 1890s.  Initially equipped with a 10-inch (0.25 m) refracting telescope, this was the university's primary telescope from 1950 until 2004. The old telescope was removed and then sold to an antique telescope collector to make way for the new instrument.  A new 16-inch (0.41 m) Ritchey-Chrétien reflector, manufactured by DFM Engineering, was installed in 2005.

The observatory and its instruments are made available for free public viewing one night per month, weather permitting. The schedule for public viewing is available on the observatory's official website and is updated on a semesterly basis.

Ritchey–Chrétien telescope
A Ritchey–Chrétien telescope (RCT or simply RC) is a specialized variant of the Cassegrain telescope that has a hyperbolic primary mirror and a hyperbolic secondary mirror designed to eliminate off-axis optical errors (coma). The RCT has a wider field of view free of optical errors compared to a more traditional reflecting telescope configuration. Since the mid 20th century, a majority of large professional research telescopes have been Ritchey–Chrétien configurations; some well-known examples are the Hubble Space Telescope, the Keck telescopes and the ESO Very Large Telescope.
Identity Theory (webzine)
Identity Theory is a webzine of literature and culture, founded by the University of Florida graduate Matt Borondy, established in 2000.  Identity Theory is a non-profit website with substantial readership and a staff of over a dozen volunteers, including Robert Birnbaum. It offers author and band interviews, fiction writing, artwork, and reviews, with a moral slant shown by its commitment to social justice.

Its roster of over 200 interviews includes authors Jonathan Ames, Tamim Ansary, Azar Nafisi, Howard Zinn, Robert Stone, Christopher Hitchens, James Ellroy, Ethan Hawke, and Chip Kidd, plus members of the bands Sleater-Kinney and Animal Collective.

Moral
A moral (from Latin morālis) is a message that is conveyed or a lesson to be learned from a story or event. The moral may be left to the hearer, reader, or viewer to determine for themselves, or may be explicitly encapsulated in a maxim. A moral is a lesson in a story or real life.
Jan Dahlgren
Jan Erik Fredrik Dahlgren (born 19 February 1947) is a retired Swedish high jumper. He competed at the 1966, 1969 and 1971 European championships and at the 1972 Summer Olympics, and finished in 10–14th place; he also placed fourth at the 1972 European Athletics Indoor Championships. Domestically Dahlgren won the Swedish title in 1971 and 1972 and set four national records, the last being 2.22 m in 1972.

1971 European Athletics Championships
The 10th (X) European Athletics Championships were held from 10 August to 15 August 1971 in the Olympic Stadium of Helsinki, the capital of Finland.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.
Fred and Rosa Fulton Barn
The Fred and Rosa Fulton Barn is a historic building located north of Selma, Iowa, United States in rural Jefferson County.  The barn was built by Rosa from plans prepared by the Louden Machinery Company of Fairfield, Iowa.  It is a good example of the company's Gothic laminated roof design.  The barn also includes other Louden-manufactured devices, including "Master-Made" ventilator windows, metal roof aerators, hay carrier and fork, and door tracks and trolleys. This equipment is original to the barn's construction in 1947.  Built for a dairy operation, the structure has subsequently been used for general farm purposes.  The barn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

It sports a hay hood.

Fairfield, Iowa
Fairfield is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. It has a population of 9,416 people, according to the 2020 census.  Fairfield is known as an international center for Transcendental Meditation and is home of Maharishi International University.

It became the county seat in 1839 with 110 residents and grew to 650 by 1847. Its library was established in 1853, and it held its first fair in 1854. Early architecture in Fairfield includes work by George Franklin Barber and Barry Byrne.
Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc.
Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc. is the debut studio album by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam. This was Yoakam's first time working with long-time collaborator, record producer-guitarist Pete Anderson. The album became the first of three consecutive albums by Yoakam to reach number one on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

June Carter Cash
Valerie June Carter Cash (June 23, 1929 – May 15, 2003) was an American country singer, songwriter, comedienne, actress, and author. A five-time Grammy Award winner, she was a member of the Carter Family and the second wife of singer Johnny Cash. Before her marriage, she performed as June Carter, a name she continued to use professionally, including on songwriting credits. She played guitar, banjo, harmonica, and autoharp, and acted in several films and television shows. In 2009, she was posthumously inducted into the Christian Music Hall of Fame, and in 2025, she was named a posthumous inductee into the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Maurice Fayolle
Maurice Fayolle (8 March 1909 – 30 September 1970) was an electrician based in Versailles, best known as an influential libertarian communist militant. A couple of years before his death from lung cancer, he inspired the political regrouping that formed the  Revolutionary Anarchist Organisation ("l'Organisation révolutionnaire anarchiste" / l'ORA).

Anarchist Federation (France)
The Fédération Anarchiste (Anarchist Federation) is an anarchist federation in France, Belgium and Switzerland. It is a member of the International of Anarchist Federations since the latter's establishment in 1968.
Jackfruit Festival
Jackfruit Festival or Chakka Mahotsavam is a festival in the different districts of Kerala, aimed at spreading public awareness of the health benefits and market potential of jackfruit. Jackfruit is the official state fruit of Kerala since 2018 due to its high production and its market potential.

In May 2017, The National Jackfruit Promotion Council (NJPC) and Aranmula Heritage Trust organised the festival in Aranmula, Pathanamthitta.

In August 2017, The NJPC and College of Agriculture, Vellayani organised the festival in Kanakakkunnu,
Thiruvananthapuram.

Aranmula
Aranmula, a temple town in Kerala, India, is renowned as the cultural capital of Pathanamthitta district. Situated on the banks of the Pampa, it has been a significant pilgrimage centre since ancient times and an important trade post when the river served as the main transport route. Located near Kozhencherry in Pathanamthitta, Aranmula is easily accessible from Chengannur railway station, just 10 km away. Today, it is one of the fastest-growing villages in the region.