hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1980 Missouri gubernatorial election
The 1980 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1980 and resulted in a victory for the Republican nominee, former Governor Kit Bond, over the Democratic candidate, incumbent Governor Joseph P. Teasdale, and Socialist Workers candidate Helen Savio.

This election was the second in which Kit Bond and Joseph Teasdale faced off, and the third consecutive Missouri gubernatorial election in which Kit Bond was the Republican nominee. To date, this was the last time an incumbent Governor of Missouri lost re-election until Bob Holden was defeated in the 2004 Democratic primary.

Bob Holden
Robert Lee Holden Jr. (born August 24, 1949) is an American politician who served as the 53rd governor of Missouri from 2001 to 2005. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the Missouri state treasurer from 1993 to 2001 and represented the 136th district in the Missouri House of Representatives from 1983 to 1989. Since leaving public office, Holden has worked at Webster University, where he founded the Holden Public Policy Forum, and serves as the president and chairman of the United States Heartland China Association.
TUNIS
TUNIS (Toronto University System) is a Unix-like operating system, developed at the University of Toronto in the early 1980s. TUNIS was a portable operating system compatible with Unix V7, but with a completely redesigned kernel, written in Concurrent Euclid. Programs that ran under Unix V7 could be run under TUNIS with no modification.

TUNIS was designed for teaching, and was intended to provide a model for the design of well-structured, highly portable, easily understood Unix-like operating systems. It made extensive use of Concurrent Euclid modules to isolate machine dependencies and provide a clean internal structure through information hiding. TUNIS also made use of Concurrent Euclid's built-in processes and synchronization features to make it easy to understand and maintain.

TUNIS targeted the PDP-11, Motorola 6809 and 68000, and National Semiconductor 32016 architectures, and supported distribution across multiple CPUs using Concurrent Euclid's synchronization features.

Information hiding
In computer science, information hiding is the principle of segregation of the design decisions in a computer program that are most likely to change, thus protecting other parts of the program from extensive modification if the design decision is changed. The protection involves providing a stable interface which protects the remainder of the program from the implementation (whose details are likely to change). Written in another way, information hiding is the ability to prevent certain aspects of a class or software component from being accessible to its clients, using either programming language features (like private variables) or an explicit exporting policy.
Richaud
Richaud is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Étienne Richaud, Governor General for Inde française in the Second French Colonial Empire under Third Republic

André de Richaud (1909–1961), French poet and writer

Benoît Richaud (born 1988), French ice dancer

Paul Marie André Richaud (1887–1968), French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church

Étienne Richaud
Étienne Antoine Guillaume Richaud (French pronunciation: [etjɛn ɑ̃twan ɡijom ʁiʃo]; 11 January 1841 in Martigues (Bouches-du-Rhône, France) – 31 May 1889 in the Bay of Bengal) was a French colonial administrator in the Second French Colonial Empire under Third Republic.
Deb Lavender
Deb Lavender (born October 11, 1956) is an American politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives from 2015 to 2021 and from 2023 to 2025. A Democrat, Lavender represented the 90th district from 2015 to 2021, which comprised all or part of the cities of Glendale, Kirkwood, Oakland, Sunset Hills, Warson Woods, and Webster Groves in St. Louis County. In 2020, she unsuccessfully ran for the Missouri Senate against incumbent Republican Andrew Koenig. In 2022, she was elected to the House again from District 98, which includes the cities of Manchester, Twin Oaks, and Valley Park.

Missouri Senate
The Missouri Senate is the upper chamber of the Missouri General Assembly, the lower chamber being the Missouri House of Representatives. It has 34 members, representing districts with an average population of 181,000. Its members serve four-year terms, with half the seats being up for election every two years. The Senate chooses a President Pro Tempore to serve in the absence of the lieutenant governor or when he shall have to exercise the office of governor of Missouri if there is a vacancy in that office due to death, resignation, impeachment, or incapacitation.

Members of the Missouri General Assembly are prohibited from serving more than eight years in either the state house of representatives or state senate, or a total of sixteen years, due to statutory term limits.
Siege of Bender (1770)
The siege of Bender (Russian: Осада Бендер, romanized: Osada Bender) was a military conflict of the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774. The 2nd Russian Army, led by Count Petr Ivanovich Panin, took the Turkish fortress of Bender, located in modern-day Moldova.

Bender, Moldova
Bender ([benˈder], Moldovan Cyrillic: Бендер) or Bendery (Russian: Бендеры, [bʲɪnˈdɛrɨ]; Ukrainian: Бендери), also known as Tighina, is a city within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova under de facto control of the unrecognized Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria) (PMR) since 1992. It is located on the western bank of the river Dniester in the historical region of Bessarabia.

Together with its suburb Proteagailovca, the city forms a municipality, which is separate from Transnistria (as an administrative unit of Moldova) according to Moldovan law. Bender is located in the buffer zone established at the end of the 1992 War of Transnistria. While the Joint Control Commission has overriding powers in the city, Transnistria has de facto administrative control.

The fortress of Tighina was one of the important historic fortresses of the Principality of Moldova until 1812.
Headstamp
A headstamp is the markings on the bottom of a cartridge case designed for a firearm. It usually tells who manufactured the case. If it is a civilian case it often also tells the caliber: if it is military, the year of manufacture is often added.

The headstamp is punched into the base of the cartridge during manufacture.  A resource for identifying where the ammunition originated can be found at Cartridge Collectors.

Bumbești-Jiu
Bumbești-Jiu (Romanian pronunciation: [bumˌbeʃtʲ ˈʒiw] ⓘ) is a town in Gorj County, Oltenia, Romania, on the river Jiu. It administers four villages: Curtișoara, Lăzărești, Pleșa and Tetila. It officially became a town in 1989, as a result of the Romanian rural systematization program.

The town features the Lainici Monastery, the Vișina Monastery (built in 1418), and a "Village Museum".
22nd British Academy Games Awards
The 22nd British Academy Video Game Awards are an upcoming event hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts on 17 April 2026 to honour the best video games of 2025. Held at the Queen Elizabeth Hall in London, a host for the ceremony is yet to be announced.

Split Fiction
Split Fiction is a 2025 action-adventure game developed by Hazelight Studios and published by Electronic Arts. As a cooperative multiplayer-only game, it follows authors Mio Hudson and Zoe Foster after they become imprisoned in the world of their stories when they are connected to a machine designed to steal creative ideas.

Split Fiction was released for PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S on March 6, 2025, and was released on Nintendo Switch 2 on June 5. The game received critical acclaim and sold over 4 million copies as of May 6, 2025.
Meshaha River
The Meshaha or Mesheha River is a relatively short minor tributary river of the Tekeze that rises in and runs through the Simien Mountains in Gondar province, Amhara, northwestern Ethiopia. It is situated near Ras Dejen, Ethiopia's highest peak, in a valley that is relatively hot and dry compared to the lands above. It is part of a system of westerly ravines relative to Ras Dejen; therefore it drains into the Tekeze River (they all do). At approximately 2,800 metres (9,200 ft) of elevation, it is far below the mountains and plateaus surrounding it and below the treeline [at 3,700 metres (12,100 ft) in the Simien Mountains]. The river is extremely active and fast-flowing during the rainy season (mid-June to mid-September).

Three villages, Ambikwa, Chiro Leba and Mizma, exist on the slopes of the river valley. A trail winds through it from Bwahit Pass to Dejen Pass.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
Extraperitoneal space
The extraperitoneal space is the portion of the abdomen and pelvis which does not lie within the peritoneum.

It includes:

Retroperitoneal space, situated posteriorly to the peritoneum

Preperitoneal space, situated anteriorly to the peritoneum
Retropubic space, deep to the pubic bone
Retro-inguinal space, deep to the inguinal ligament

The space in the pelvis is divided into the following components:

prevesical space

perivesical space

perirectal space

Rectouterine pouch
The rectouterine pouch (rectovaginal pouch, pouch of Douglas or cul-de-sac) is the extension of the peritoneum into the space between the posterior wall of the uterus and the rectum in the human female.
Doreen Hope, Marchioness of Linlithgow
Doreen Maud Hope, Marchioness of Linlithgow, CI, DStJ (née Milner; 20 March 1886 – 2 August 1965) was a British aristocrat and Vicereine of India. She was the daughter of Sir Frederick Milner, 7th Baronet. She married, on 19 April 1911, Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow. They had five children. She was appointed Dame of Grace, Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, and Imperial Order of the Crown of India in 1936. She was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Gold Medal.

She died on 2 August 1965 at the Kingston Hospital, Kingston-on-Thames. She was interred at the Hopetoun Mausoleum, Hopetoun House.

Kingston Hospital
Kingston Hospital is an acute hospital in Kingston upon Thames, England. It is managed by the Kingston and Richmond NHS Foundation Trust. It has an Accident & Emergency Unit, a popular Maternity unit, and an STD clinic known as the Wolverton Centre.
Pc Quest (band)
pc Quest was a pop music group in the 1990s from Oklahoma. They were managed by George Tobin, best known for managing Tiffany, and Tim James, one half of the duo Rock Mafia. They were featured in Bop and Teen Beat magazine as teen idols.

The quartet was originally signed to Geffen Records in 1990, but an initial release of "After The Summer's Gone" that fall to Contemporary hit radio stations through both Geffen and Giant Records failed to chart. Months later, now signed to Tobin's Headlinerecords and RCA Records, their "Can I Call You My Girl?" became a minor hit, followed by a reissue of "After The Summer's Gone", which narrowly missed the top 40 on the Billboard Hot 100. A 1992 follow-up album failed to yield any hits, and the group parted ways.

Group member Chad Petree would find success years later as one of the leaders of indie rock band Shiny Toy Guns, with brother Stephen credited as a writer on several of the band's songs.

Teen idol
A teen idol is a celebrity with a large teenage fan base. Teen idols are generally young but are not necessarily teenagers themselves. An idol's popularity may be limited to teens, or may extend to all age groups.
Nabil Madi
Nabil Madi (born 9 June 1981) is an Algerian middle-distance runner who specializes in the 800 metres.

He finished fourth at the 2006 African Championships. He also competed at the 2004 Olympic Games and the 2007 World Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best time is 1:44.54 minutes, achieved in July 2007 in Heusden-Zolder. In the 1500 metres he has 3:34.74 minutes, achieved in June 2008 in Rabat.

Nabil Madi is now athletics coach in Algeria working with middle-distance runner Slimane Moula.

2006 African Championships in Athletics
The 15th African Championships in Athletics were held in Mauritius between August 9 and August 13, 2006. The event was staged at Stade Germain Comarmond in Bambous, Rivière Noire District. This was the second time when the African Championships in Athletics were hosted in Mauritius, the first was in 1992.

Many world-class runners were competing, but in terms of the field events the standard was poor. In addition, some of those, especially the throwing events, had very few participants as African federations cannot afford to send large teams.
Jalmenus icilius
Jalmenus icilius, the Icilius blue or amethyst hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in all mainland states of Australia, throughout much of the subtropical areas of the inland, from the Selwyn Range and from Carnarvon to Kalgoorlie. It is generally common except in the south-eastern end of its range in central and western Victoria, where it is now very scarce.

The wingspan is about 30 mm.

The larvae feed on a wide range of plants, including Cassia artemisioides, Cassia nemophila, Daviesia benthamii, and the Acacia species: A. acuminata, A. anceps, A. aneura, A. dealbata, A. deanei, A. harpophylla, A. mearnsii, A. parramattensis, A. pendula, A. pycnantha, A. rubida, A. saligna and A. victoriae.

The caterpillars are attended by the ant species Iridomyrmex rufoniger.

Acacia anceps
Acacia anceps, commonly known as Port Lincoln wattle or the two edged wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to coastal areas of south-western Australia. It is a bushy, spreading shrub with glabrous branchlets angled at the ends, elliptic to lance-shaped phyllodes with the narrower end towards the base, spherical heads of 50 to 130 golden-yellow flowers, and narrowly oblong pods up to 60 mm (2.4 in) long.
High Test Girls
High Test Girls (German: Sechs Schwedinnen von der Tankstelle) is a 1980 Swiss pornographic film co-written and directed by Erwin C. Dietrich. It stars Brigitte Lahaie, Jane Baker, Nadine Pascal, France Lomay, Flore Sollier and Élodie Delage. The film is a sequel to Sechs Schwedinnen im Pensionat.

Brigitte Lahaie
Brigitte Lahaie (born Brigitte Lucie Jeanine Van Meerhaeghe; 12 October 1955) is a French radio talk show host, mainstream film actress and former pornographic actress. She performed in erotic films from 1976 through 1980 and is a member of the XRCO Hall of Fame.
Allemandi Case
The Allemandi case was one of the major scandals in the history of Italian soccer and one of the first in order of time, having occurred before the establishment of the “one-round” Serie A (1929). The case involved the revocation of the  Scudetto won by Torino in the 1926-1927 season and has been the subject of debate due to ambiguities in the available documentation. The controversial outcome of the court case led, in the following decades, to several attempts to reopen the investigation into the matter, but so far all were unsuccessful.

Scudetto
The scudetto (Italian: [skuˈdetto]; Italian for 'little shield') is a decoration having the colors of the flag of Italy which is sewn onto the jersey of the Italian sports clubs that won the highest level championship of their respective sport in the previous season. The scudetto was created in the 1920s to honour the winner of the national association football league (in 1929 rebranded as Serie A) and the first team to wear it was Genoa in 1924. Later, it was adopted by the teams of other sports.

The word scudetto is also used to indicate the Serie A trophy; "winning the scudetto" is a synonym of "winning Serie A".
Reserve power
In a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government, a reserve power, also known as discretionary power, is a power that may be exercised by the head of state (or their representative) without the approval of another branch or part of the government.  Unlike in a presidential system of government, the head of state (or their representative) is generally constrained by the cabinet or the legislature in a parliamentary system, and most reserve powers are usable only in certain limited circumstances.

Oath of Allegiance (Ireland)
The Irish Oath of Allegiance (Irish: Mionn Dílse) was a controversial provision in the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921, which Irish TDs (members of the Lower House of the Irish Parliament) and Senators were required to swear before taking their seats in Dáil Éireann (Chamber of Deputies) and Seanad Éireann (Irish Senate) before the Constitution (Removal of Oath) Act 1933 was passed on 3 May 1933. The controversy surrounding the Oath was one of the principal issues that led to the Irish Civil War of 1922–23 between supporters and opponents of the Treaty.
Murvica, Split-Dalmatia County
Murvica (Croatian pronunciation: [mûrvit͡sa]) is a 22-inhabitant small village 6 km west of Bol, on the island Brač, in Croatia. It is situated among karst caves along the southern side of the island and was mentioned for the first time in 1286. Later it developed as a supply centre for the many hermits living there.

Monks and nuns from Poljica fleeing from the Turks came to Murvica in the 15th century. Over Dračeva luka, near Murvica, priests from Poljica built a monastery in 1512 and nuns built their own hermitage. Dutić was also first mentioned in 1512.

Two more monasteries were built beneath the rocks over Murvica, the Stipančić in 1416 and the Silvio Hermitage in 1497. Monastic life in these hermitages around Murvica continued right up to the Second World War.

Republic of Poljica
The Republic of Poljica or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form Poljička knežija) was an autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia in Southern Europe near modern-day Omiš, Croatia. It was organized as a "peasants' republic" and is best known because of the Poljica Statute (14-15th century).
Gråbrødretorv 11
Gråbrødretorv 11 is a property situated on the south side of Gråbrødretorv in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. Originally a brewer's house from 1731, it was adapted and heightened by one storey in the first half of the 1840s. It was around the same time expanded with a four-storey residential building at Valkendorfsgade 20 on the other side of the block. The entire complex was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1932.

Valkendorfsgade
Valkendorfsgad (literally "Valkendorf Street") is a street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Købmagergade in the northeast to the Church of the Holy Ghost in the southwest where it makes a sharp turn left to join Strøget. The street passes the rear side of the Church of the Holy Ghost. Kringlegangen connects it to the square Gråbrødretorv.
Andy Holligan
Andy Holligan (born 6 June 1967 in Liverpool) is an English amateur light welterweight and professional light welter/welter/light middleweight boxer of the 1980s and 1990s, who as an amateur won the 1987 Amateur Boxing Association of England (ABAE) light welterweight title, against Rocky Marciano Bryan (Fitzroy Lodge ABC (London)), boxing out of Rotunda ABC (Liverpool), and as a professional won the British Boxing Board of Control (BBBofC) British light welterweight title, winning the Lonsdale Belt outright twice Commonwealth light welterweight title (twice), and was a challenger for the World Boxing Council (WBC) light welterweight title against Julio César Chávez losing the fight after pulling out the fight at the end of the fifth round with a broken nose, and World Boxing Union (WBU) light welterweight title against Shea Neary, his professional fighting weight varied from 139 lb (63 kg; 9 st 13 lb), i.e. light welterweight to 153 lb (69 kg; 10 st 13 lb), i.e. light middleweight.

Amateur
An amateur (from French 'one who loves') is generally considered a person who pursues an avocation independent from their source of income. Amateurs and their pursuits are also described as popular, informal, self-taught, user-generated, DIY, and hobbyist.
1841 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1841 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 5, 1841. Incumbent governor and Whig nominee William W. Ellsworth was re-elected, defeating businessman and Democratic nominee Francis H. Nicoll with 55.79% of the vote.

This was the largest percentage of the vote achieved by the Whig Party in a Connecticut election for governor.

Nicoll had made his fortune in New York City, and moved back to his home town of Stafford some time before 1841. He died on September 27, 1842, at the age of 57.

Stafford, Connecticut
Stafford is a town in Tolland County, Connecticut, United States, settled in 1719. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 11,472 at the 2020 United States census. The community consists of the downtown area of Stafford Springs and the more rural villages of Crystal Lake, Ellithorpe, Hydeville, Orcuttsville, Staffordville, Stafford Hollow, Village Hill, and West Stafford.
İlkay Durmuş
İlkay Durmuş (born 1 May 1994) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger or full-back for I liga club Polonia Warsaw. Born in Germany, he represented his country of birth and Turkey as a youth international.

Polonia Warsaw
Polonia Warsaw (Polish: Polonia Warszawa, pronounced [pɔˈlɔɲa varˈʂava]), founded on 19 November 1911, is the oldest existing sports club in Warsaw, the capital of Poland, best known for its football and basketball teams. It also has track and field, swimming, chess, mountain biking, and contract bridge sections. Historically it also had sections in ice hockey, fencing, tennis, volleyball, hazena, cycling and boxing.

The football team competes in the I liga, the second level of the Polish football league system.
Schizovalva ebenostriga
Schizovalva ebenostriga is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse in 1960. It is found in South Africa.

The wingspan is about 17 mm. The forewings are light brownish ochreous sprinkled with rather dark fuscous. The base of the costa is suffusedly irrorated dark fuscous and the stigmata are blackish, the plical rather obliquely before the first discal, a small blackish dot between the first and second discal, some irregular fuscous suffusion between the stigmata. There is an undefined spot of fuscous suffusion on the costa at two-thirds and a marginal series of small irregular dark fuscous dots on the posterior part of the costa and termen. The hindwings are pale grey.

Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse
Dr Anthonie Johannes Theodorus Janse, also known as Antonius Johannes Theodorus Janse and by other orthographic variations (19 April 1877 – 12 June 1970), was a pioneer of South African entomology who specialised in Lepidoptera. His multi-volumed work, The Moths of South Africa is recognized as a definitive text.