hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nanocellulose
Nanocellulose is a term referring to a family of cellulosic materials that have at least one of their dimensions in the nanoscale. Examples of nanocellulosic materials are microfibrilated cellulose, cellulose nanofibers or cellulose nanocrystals. Nanocellulose may be obtained from natural cellulose fibers through a variety of production processes. This family of materials possesses interesting properties suitable for a wide range of potential applications.

Nanocrystalline material
A nanocrystalline (NC) material is a polycrystalline material with a crystallite size of only a few nanometers. These materials fill the gap between amorphous materials without any long range order and conventional coarse-grained materials. Definitions vary, but nanocrystalline material is commonly defined as a crystallite (grain) size below 100 nm. Grain sizes from 100 to 500 nm are typically considered "ultrafine" grains.

The grain size of a NC sample can be estimated using x-ray diffraction. In materials with very small grain sizes, the diffraction peaks will be broadened. This broadening can be related to a crystallite size using the Scherrer equation (applicable up to ~50 nm), a Williamson-Hall plot, or more sophisticated methods such as the Warren-Averbach method or computer modeling of the diffraction pattern. The crystallite size can be measured directly using transmission electron microscopy.
Mycorrhiza helper bacteria
Mycorrhiza helper bacteria (MHB) are a group of organisms that form symbiotic associations with both ectomycorrhiza and arbuscular mycorrhiza. MHBs are diverse and belong to a wide variety of bacterial phyla including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Some of the most common MHBs observed in studies belong to the genera Pseudomonas and Streptomyces. MHBs have been seen to have extremely specific interactions with their fungal hosts at times, but this specificity is lost with plants. MHBs enhance mycorrhizal function, growth, nutrient uptake to the fungus and plant, improve soil conductance, aid against certain pathogens, and help promote defense mechanisms. These bacteria are naturally present in the soil, and form these complex interactions with fungi as plant root development starts to take shape. The mechanisms through which these interactions take shape are not well-understood and needs further study.

Pseudomonas putida
Pseudomonas putida is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, saprophytic soil bacterium. It has a versatile metabolism and is amenable to genetic manipulation, making it a common organism used in research, bioremediation, and synthesis of chemicals and other compounds.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has listed P. putida strain KT2440 as Host-vector system safety level 1 certified (HV-1), indicating that it is safe to use without any extra precautions. Thus, use of P. putida in many research labs is preferable to some other Pseudomonas species, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, for example, which is an opportunistic pathogen.
2000 Colorado Democratic presidential primary
The 2000 Colorado Democratic presidential primary took place on March 10, 2000, as one of two contests scheduled on the weekend following Super Tuesday in the Democratic Party primaries for the 2000 presidential election, following the South Carolina caucuses the day before. The Colorado primary, the first in the state since 2000, was a semi-closed primary and awarded 61 delegates towards the 2000 Democratic National Convention, of which 51 were pledged delegates allocated on the basis of the results of the primary.

Vice president Al Gore won the primary with 71% of the vote and ultimately received 44 delegates, ahead of Senator Bill Bradley, who won roughly 23% and received 7 delegates, after withdrawing the night before. The option for Uncommitted received 4% of the vote and conspiracy theorist Lyndon LaRouche Jr. received just under 1%.

2000 Democratic Party presidential primaries
From January 24 to June 6, 2000, voters of the Democratic Party chose its nominee for president in the 2000 United States presidential election. Incumbent Vice President Al Gore was  selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 2000 Democratic National Convention held from August 14 to 17, 2000, in Los Angeles, California, but he went on to lose the Electoral College in the general election against Governor George W. Bush held on November 7 of that year, despite winning the popular vote by 0.5%.
Bick Campbell
William Michael "Bick" Campbell (May 1, 1898 – September 27, 1961) was an American professional baseball umpire who worked in the American League from 1928 to 1931 and in the National League in 1939 and 1940. Campbell umpired 936 major league games in his seven-year career.

Campbell died of pneumonia on September 27, 1961, in Detroit, Michigan. His son, Mike Campbell, was a college football coach.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
North Star Bay
North Star Bay (Danish: North Star Bugt), also known as Thule Harbor and Wolstenholme Bay, is at the mouth of Wolstenholme Fjord in north-west Greenland. The Dundas Peninsula, terminating in the mesa-like Mount Dundas, is at the north-eastern end of the bay. Two large islands are off the bay, Saunders Island and Wolstenholme Island. Bylot Sound is the strait to the south, between the islands and the mainland.

The Inughuit settlements of Narsaarsuk and Pituffik were once on the shore of the bay. Knud Rasmussen established a trading post and mission called "Thule" at the north-eastern end in 1910. The United States started building defense facilities on the bay from 1943 and the Inughuit had to leave in 1953. The U.S. Pituffik Space Base is now the only inhabited place on the bay.

Inughuit
The Inughuit (singular: Inughuaq) or Inuhuit are an ethnic subgroup of the Greenlandic Inuit. They are the northernmost group of Inuit and the northernmost people in North America, living in Greenland. Historically called Arctic Highlanders, Cape York Eskimos, Polar Eskimos, or Smith Sound Inuit, they make up about 1% of the population of Greenland.
Nathan Smith (Irish cricketer)
Nathan Bede Smith (born 9 July 1995) is an Australian-born Irish former cricketer. He represented the Northern Knights team in the Inter-Provincial Championship, Ireland's first class competition. Smith was predominantly a bowler. In March 2019, Smith announced that he would no longer be available to be selected by Cricket Ireland, as he focused on opportunities in Australia.

Cricket Ireland
Cricket Ireland (formerly the Irish Cricket Union) is the national governing body for cricket on the island of Ireland (both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland), and oversees the national men's and women's cricket teams. It also organises the men's Inter-Provincial Series (which includes the Inter-Provincial Championship, Inter-Provincial Cup and Inter-Provincial Trophy), the women's Super Series, and three All-Ireland club competitions: Irish Senior Cup, National Cup and the All-Ireland T20 Cup. It achieved Test status for women in 2000, and for men in 2017 when it was made a Full Member of the ICC in June 2017.
Charlotte Evelyn Gay
Charlotte Evelyn Gay, OBE (22 February 1867 – 1 November 1958) was an English social reformer whose affiliations with the Church Army and her recognition as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) marked her as a significant temperance figure of the early 20th century.

Church Army
The Church Army is an evangelistic organisation and mission community founded in 1882 in association with the Church of England and now operating internationally in many parts of the Anglican Communion.
Van Mourik
Van Mourik is a Dutch toponymic surname meaning "from Maurik", a town in Gelderland. The variant Van Maurik retains the original spelling. People with this name include:

Colin van Mourik (born 1985), Dutch football defender

Ger van Mourik (1931–2017), Dutch football defender

Guusje van Mourik (born 1955), Dutch karateka, judoka and boxer

Justus van Maurik (1846–1904), Dutch author and cigar maker

Justus van Maurik
Justus van Maurik (16 August 1846, in Amsterdam – 18 November 1904) was a Dutch author and cigar maker. He was the grandson of Justus van Maurik Sr.

Justus was known as a writer of farces and humorous plays. In 1878, he published his first novel, Mie de porster. He subsequently wrote hundreds of books. Many of his books were illustrated by the graphic artist Johan Braakensiek.

In 1877, Maurik co-created De Amsterdammer, a newspaper targeted toward audiences in trade, industry and art. The newspaper has now changed its name to the weekly De Groene Amsterdammer.
Ischia di Castro
Ischia di Castro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Viterbo in the Italian region of Latium, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Rome and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Viterbo.

Ischia di Castro borders the following municipalities: Canino, Cellere, Farnese, Manciano, Pitigliano, Valentano.

It takes its name from the nearby Castro, a town destroyed by Papal forces in the 17th century. The town is home to the Ducal Palace, or Rocca, to whose project collaborated Antonio da Sangallo the Younger (also designer's of Castro's walls before its destruction). It was once a palace of the Farnese family.

Pitigliano
Pitigliano (Central Italian: Pitiglianu) is a town in the province of Grosseto, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) south-east of the city of Grosseto, Tuscany, Italy. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

The town is known as the little Jerusalem, for the historical presence of a Jewish community that has always been well integrated into the social context and that has its own synagogue. It absorbed the nearby town of Sorano's Jewish congregation after emigration in the late 19th century.

The Synagogue was rededicated by a visiting AACI Group from Israel at a service in 2013, led by Rabbi Dr Jeffrey M Cohen, of London.
Silvia Jato
Silvia Jato Núñez (born 6 June 1971 in Lugo, Spain) is a Spanish TV presenter and model.

She studied Economics at CEU San Pablo University, Madrid. She had three children with pilot Eduardo San Román, from whom she separated in 2012, after being married to him since 1998.

She began as a model, and took part in Miss Spain in 1989 (being Maid of Honour) and in Miss Europe in 1991 (being Maid of Honour, Miss Photogenic and Miss Sympathy).

As a TV presenter she was nominated for prizes including TP de Oro (2001, 2002, 2003) and Premios ATV (2003, 2004).

Lugo
Lugo (Galician: [ˈluɣo], Spanish: [ˈluɣo] ⓘ) is a city in northwestern Spain in the autonomous community of Galicia. It is the capital of the province of Lugo. The municipality had a population of 100,060 in 2024, making it the fourth most populous city in Galicia.

Lugo is the only city in the world to be surrounded by completely intact Roman walls, which reach a height of 10 to 15 metres (33 to 49 feet) along a 2,117-metre (6,946 ft) circuit ringed with 71 towers. The walk along the top is continuous around the circuit and features ten gates. The 3rd century Roman walls, the only one of its kind in the world, are protected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The city's historic bridge over the Miño is also essentially of Roman date. The city of Lugo is along the Camino Primitivo path of the Camino de Santiago.
Maud of Normandy
Maud of Normandy (died 1006) 
(French: Mathilde
) was the daughter of Richard I "the Fearless", Duke of Normandy and Gunnor. Her siblings were Richard II "the Good", Duke of Normandy; Robert, Archbishop of Rouen, Count of Evreux; Mauger, Count of Corbeil; Robert Danus; Emma of Normandy; and Hawise of Normandy.

Maud was married to Odo II, Count of Blois but died young and without issue. After her death in 1006, Odo started a quarrel with his brother-in-law, Richard II of Normandy, over the dowry: part of the town of Dreux. King Robert II, who had married Odo's mother, imposed his arbitration on the contestants circa 1011, leaving Odo in possession of Dreux. Odo went on to marry Ermengarde, daughter of William IV of Auvergne, and have issue.

Biography portal

Corbeil-Essonnes
Corbeil-Essonnes (French: [kɔʁbɛj ɛsɔn] ⓘ) on the River Seine is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 28.3 km (17.6 mi) from the center of Paris.

Although neighboring Évry is the official seat of the Arrondissement of Évry, the sub-prefecture building and administration are located inside the commune of Corbeil-Essonnes.
Joseph Taillefer
Joseph Noel Taillefer (December 25, 1828 – June 1, 1897) was a farmer, lawyer and political figure in Manitoba. He represented Ste. Agathe in 1879 and Morris from 1879 to 1883 as a Conservative.

He was born in the village of Saint-Joseph, Lower Canada near Montreal. Taillefer served as a Papal Zouave, He was made a Chevalier de l'ordre Pie 1X (Montreal paper Tuesday, June 1897), travelling to Europe in 1868. He came to the Red River Colony with the Wolseley Expedition in 1870. Taillefer married Mary Jane McDermot, the daughter of a well-known Winnipeg merchant. Andrew McDermot, The family later moved to a homestead in Lebret, Saskatchewan. Taillefer died in hospital at St. Boniface.

Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba
The Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba (PC; French: Parti progressiste-conservateur du Manitoba) is a centre-right political party in Manitoba, Canada. It is currently the opposition party in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, following a defeat in the 2023 provincial election.
Home of the Year
Home of the Year is an Irish property reality television series which has been broadcast on RTÉ One since 2015. The programme is based on the format of the Norwegian series Årets Hjem, originally created by Nordisk Film TV Denmark and distributed by Banijay.

Nordisk Film
Nordisk Film A/S (lit. 'Nordic Film') is a Danish film studio owned by the Egmont Group. The multimedia entertainment company is also involved in television production, cinemas, computer games and advertising. The film studio was established in 1906 in Valby, Copenhagen, by filmmaker Ole Olsen. It is the fourth-oldest film studio in the world, and the oldest studio to be continuously active. The logo consists of a polar bear standing on the globe. It also distributes films created by other production companies.

Through the Nordisk Film Fonden (Nordisk Film Foundation), Nordisk Film develops Danish acting talents by means of scholarships, as well as awarding prizes in Denmark (several awards, collectively known as "Isbjørnen"), Norway (several awards, collectively known as "Isbjørnen"), and Finland (the Nordisk Film Prisen, presented at the Jussi Awards).
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 – Team large hill/4 × 5 km
The Men's Team large hill/4 x 5 km at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011 was held on 4 March 2011. The ski jumping part of this event took place at 11:30 CET while the cross-country part of the event took place at 15:30 CET. Japan's team of Yūsuke Minato, Taihei Kato, Akito Watabe, and Norihito Kobayashi were the defending world champions while the Austrian team of Bernhard Gruber, Felix Gottwald, Mario Stecher, and David Kreiner were the defending Olympic champions.

Mario Stecher
Mario Stecher (born 17 July 1977, in Eisenerz) is an Austrian former Nordic combined skier. Competing in six Winter Olympics, he won three medals in the 4 x 5 km team event with two golds (2006, 2010) and a bronze (2002). Stecher's best individual finish was fifth in the 10 km individual normal hill event at Vancouver in 2010.

He won six medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with two gold, three silvers (7.5 km sprint: 1999, 4 x 5 km team: 2001) and a bronze (4 x 5 km team: 1997).

Stecher has a total of nine World Cup victories since 1994, including the Nordic combined event at the Holmenkollen ski festival that same year. Being 16 years old, he was the youngest winner on the Holmenkollen.

On February 27, 2015, he announced his retirement, after he was not nominated by the Austrian Ski Federation to compete in the FIS Nordic Skiing World Championships 2015 in Falun.

He married fellow skier Carina Raich in 2008.
The Locket (1946 film)
The Locket is a 1946 American psychological thriller film noir directed by John Brahm, starring Laraine Day, Brian Aherne, Robert Mitchum, and Gene Raymond, and released by RKO Pictures. The film is based on a screenplay by Sheridan Gibney, adapted from "What Nancy Wanted" by Norma Barzman, wife of later-blacklisted writer Ben Barzman. It is noted for its complex and confusing use of layered flashbacks within flashbacks to give psychological depth to the narrative.

Ben Barzman
Ben Barzman (October 12, 1910 – December 15, 1989) was a Canadian journalist, screenwriter, and novelist, blacklisted during the McCarthy Era and known best for his screenplays for the movies  Back to Bataan (1945), El Cid (1961), and The Blue Max (1966).
2002 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)
Listed below are the dates and results for the 2002 FIFA World Cup qualification rounds for Asia.

The Asian Football Confederation was allocated four and half qualifying berths for the 2002 FIFA World Cup, South Korea and Japan, the co-hosts, qualified automatically, leaving two and half spots open for competition between 40 teams. Myanmar withdrew from the tournament after being placed in Group 2 but before any matches had been played, therefore reducing the group to 3 teams.

Afghanistan, Bhutan and North Korea chose not to participate.

Asia's two remaining automatic qualifying berths were taken by Saudi Arabia and China.

Iran defeated United Arab Emirates for the chance to become the possible third Asian qualifier, but lost to Ireland in the inter-continental play-off.

Myanmar national football team
The Myanmar national football team (Burmese: မြန်မာ့လက်ရွေးစင်အမျိုးသားအသင်း) represents Myanmar in men's international association football and is governed by the Myanmar Football Federation. The team has been affiliated with FIFA since 1952 and a member of AFC since 1954.
Julia Hickelsberger
Julia Hickelsberger-Füller (born 1 August 1999), known as Julia Hickelsberger, is an Austrian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Turkish Women's Football Super League club Galatasaray since Summer 2025 and the Austria women's national team.

Turkish Women's Football Super League
The Turkcell Women's Football Super League (Turkish: Turkcell Kadın Futbol Süper Ligi), is the top level women's football league of Turkey. In the 2024–25 season, 14 teams play a double round robin to decide a champion club, which qualifies for a spot in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

Formerly known as the First Women's Football League, the league was renamed to Turkcell Women's Super League (Turkish: Turkcell Kadın Süper Ligi) starting from the 2021–22 season, after a sponsorship agreement with the Turkish mobile phone operator Turkcell signed by the Turkish Football Federation on 8 March 2021, the International Women's Day.
Il pastor fido (Handel)
Il pastor fido ("The Faithful Shepherd") (HWV 8) is an opera seria in a prologue and three acts by George Frideric Handel. It was set to a libretto by Giacomo Rossi based on the famed and widely familiar pastoral poem of the Il pastor fido by Giovanni Battista Guarini. It had its first performance on 22 November 1712 at the Queen's Theatre in the Haymarket, London.

Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis
The Händel-Werke-Verzeichnis (abbreviated as HWV) is the Catalogue of Handel's Works. It was published in three volumes (in German) by Bernd Baselt between 1978 and 1986, and lists every piece of music known to have been written by George Frideric Handel. The catalogue also includes the first few bars of each piece and large amounts of factual information including manuscript sources, early prints, photographs, spurious works, etc. The catalogue does not include the full scores of Handel's works (for the full scores, see Händel-Gesellschaft and Hallische Händel-Ausgabe).
Romans d'Isonzo
Romans d'Isonzo (Friulian: Romans dal Lusinç; Slovene: Romanž na Soči) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Gorizia.

Romans d'Isonzo borders the following municipalities: Gradisca d'Isonzo, Mariano del Friuli, Medea, San Vito al Torre, Tapogliano, Villesse.

Friulian language
Friulian (/friˈuːliən/ free-OO-lee-ən) or Friulan (endonym: furlan [fuɾˈlaŋ] ⓘ; Italian: friulano; Austrian German: Furlanisch; Slovene: furlanščina) is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family.  Friulian is spoken in the historical region of Friuli (nowadays 90% of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and a little part of Veneto region) in the northeastern part of Italy and has around 600,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian. It is sometimes called Eastern Ladin since it shares the same roots as Ladin, but over the centuries, it has diverged under the influence of surrounding languages, including German, Italian, Venetian, and Slovene. Documents in Friulian are attested from the 11th century and poetry and literature date as far back as 1300. By the 20th century, there was a revival of interest in the language.
Anita Garvin
Anita Garvin (born Anna Frances Garvin; February 11, 1906 – July 7, 1994) was an American stage performer and film actress who worked in both the silent and sound eras. Before her retirement in 1942, she reportedly appeared in over 350 shorts and features for various Hollywood studios. Her best known roles are as supporting characters in Hal Roach comedies starring Laurel and Hardy and Charley Chase.

Hal Roach Studios
Hal Roach Studios was an American motion picture and, through its TV production subsidiary, Hal Roach Television Corporation, television production studio. Known as The Laugh Factory to the World, it was founded by producer Hal Roach and business partners Dan Linthicum and I.H. Nance as the Rolin Film Company on July 23, 1914. The studio lot, at 8822 Washington Boulevard in Culver City, California, United States, was built in 1920, at which time Rolin was renamed to Hal E. Roach Studios. The first series in Hal Roach Studios were the Willie Work comedies, with the first short being Willie Runs the Park.