hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yu Sŏngwŏn
Yu Sŏngwŏn (also Ryu Sŏngwŏn) (died 1456) was a scholar-official of the early Joseon Dynasty, who is remembered as one of the six murdered ministers.  He was born to a yangban family of the Munhwa Yu lineage, but his date of birth is not known.

Yu passed the lower examination 1444 and the higher examination in 1447.  He was shortly thereafter appointed to the Hall of Worthies by Sejong. Yu was among the compilers of the first edition of the Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions (yu bang yu chwi, 醫方類聚), together with other members of the Hall of Worthies.

In 1455, Sejo overthrew the reigning king Danjong.  Yu joined with other high officials in a conspiracy to restore Danjong to the throne.  This was discovered by the king shortly before it was to happen, and Yu committed suicide.

Yu's tomb lies today in Sayuksin Park in Noryangjin-dong, Dongjak District, Seoul.  It was moved there in the 1970s.

Scholar-official
The scholar-officials, also known as literati, scholar-gentlemen or scholar-bureaucrats (Chinese: 士大夫; pinyin: shì dàfū), were government officials and prestigious scholars in Chinese society, forming a distinct social class.

Scholar-officials were politicians and government officials appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day political duties from the Han dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. After the Sui dynasty these officials mostly came from the scholar-gentry (紳士 shēnshì) who had earned academic degrees (such as xiucai, juren, or jinshi) by passing the imperial examinations. Scholar-officials were the elite class of imperial China. They were highly educated, especially in literature and the arts, including calligraphy and Confucian texts. They dominated the government administration and local life of China until the early 20th century.
Qijia culture
The Qijia culture (2400 BC – 1600 BC) was an early Bronze Age culture distributed around the upper Yellow River region of Gansu (centered in Lanzhou) and eastern Qinghai, China. It is regarded as one of the earliest bronze cultures in China.

The Qijia Culture is named after the Qijiaping Site (齐家坪) in Gansu Province.

Prior to Qijia culture, in the same area there existed Majiayao culture that was also familiar with metalwork. At the end of the third millennium B.C., Qijia culture succeeded Majiayao culture at sites in three main geographic zones: Eastern Gansu, Middle Gansu, and Western Gansu/Eastern Qinghai.

The Qijia culture benefited from the warm and humid climatic conditions from the Late Glacial to the Middle Holocene, which led to flourishing agricultural production and rapid population growth. These conditions changed with the aridification of the Late Holocene, provoking material and cultural decline.

Yangshao culture
The Yangshao culture (Chinese: 仰韶文化; pinyin: Yǎngsháo wénhuà) was a Neolithic culture that existed extensively along the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China from around 5000 BC to 3000 BC. The Yangshao culture saw social and technological development in the region, with advancements in agriculture, architecture, and crafts.

The culture is named after the Yangshao site, the first excavated site of this culture, which was discovered in 1921 in the town of Yangshao in western Henan by the Swedish geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson (1874–1960). The culture flourished mainly in Henan, as well as the neighboring provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi.

Recent research indicates a common origin and spread of the Sino-Tibetan languages with the Cishan, Yangshao and/or Majiayao cultures.
Sennely
Sennely (French pronunciation: [sɛnli]) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France. Sennely was carefully studied by Professor Bouchard and the subject of a chapter in "After the Black Death."

Loiret
Loiret (/lwɑːˈreɪ/; French: [lwaʁɛ]) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of north-central France. It takes its name from the river Loiret, which is contained wholly within the department. In 2019, Loiret had a population of 680,434.

Its prefecture is Orléans, which is about 110 km (68 mi) southwest of Paris. As well as being the regional prefecture, it is a historic city on the banks of the Loire. It has a large central area with many historic buildings and mansions. Orléans Cathedral, dating back to the 13th century, was rebuilt after Protestant forces destroyed it in 1568. Loiret has two subprefectures, in Montargis and Pithiviers. It is famous for its several châteaux.
Tavarekere metro station
Tavarekere is an upcoming elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Pink Line of Namma Metro in Bengaluru, India. Around this metro station holds the main Tavarekere Park followed by some prime locations like Byransandra Lake Park, Sagar Hospitals (Jayanagar) and the famous Dairy Circle Flyover which leads towards Nexus Mall (Koramangala) in the east and towards Lal Bagh in the west.

As per the latest updates, this metro station, under the first phase, covering a total distance of 7.5 km elevated stretch (Kalena Agrahara - Tavarekere), is expected to be operational around May 2026  instead of December 2025.

Nexus Mall (Koramangala)
Nexus Mall (formerly Forum Mall) is a shopping mall located on Hosur Road in Koramangala, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India developed by Prestige Group. It is the first shopping mall in the city of Bengaluru, Going previous to JW Marriott hotel.

Nexus Koramangala is the oldest full-fledged mall in Bengaluru with a multi-story book store, 12 cinema screens and other entertainment facilities. The mall is an attraction for tourists. The shopping mall houses 72,000 m2 (780,000 sq ft) of shops over five levels. A major attraction at the mall is the multiplex, PVR.

Blackstone renamed the mall from Forum to Nexus in 2022 following its acquisition of the mall from Prestige Group.
Island Pond (Stoddard, New Hampshire)
Island Pond is a 179-acre (0.72 km2) water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Stoddard. It is fed primarily by the outflow from Highland Lake, and its outlet is a tributary of the North Branch Contoocook River, part of the Merrimack River watershed.

The lake is classified as a warmwater fishery and contains largemouth and smallmouth bass, rock bass, yellow perch, pumpkinseed and horned pout.

Brown bullhead
The brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) is a fish of the family Ictaluridae that is widely distributed in North America. It is a species of bullhead catfish and is similar to the black bullhead (Ameiurus melas) and yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis). It was originally described as Pimelodus nebulosus by Charles Alexandre Lesueur in 1819, and is also referred to as Ictalurus nebulosus.

The brown bullhead is also widely known as the "mud pout", "horned pout", "hornpout", or simply "mud cat", a name also used with the other bullhead species.

The brown bullhead is important as a clan symbol of the Ojibwe people. In their tradition, the bullhead or wawaazisii is one of six beings that came out of the sea to form the original clans.
Stencil House
Stencil House, built in 1804 on one hundred-acre farm in Columbus, New York, was modeled after a Capen house, a small, side-gabled structure prevalent throughout the colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries. Named after Parson Joseph Capen of Topsfield, Massachusetts, who built one of the earliest such structures in 1692, Capen houses reflect the British influence on early Puritan architecture. The house is now an 18th-century period historic house museum located at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.

Shelburne, Vermont
Shelburne is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. Located along the shores of Lake Champlain, Shelburne's town center lies approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of the city center of Burlington, the most populous city in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population of Shelburne was 7,717.

The main settlement of Shelburne in the center of town is a census-designated place (CDP), with a population of 6,178 at the 2020 census. Shelburne municipality has the highest median income in both Chittenden County and the Burlington metropolitan area.
Graham Wilson (cricketer)
Graham Bradley Wilson (born 17 November 1970) is a former English cricketer.  Wilson was a right-handed batsman who fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire.

Wilson made his debut for Lincolnshire in the 1994 Minor Counties Championship against Hertfordshire.  Wilson played Minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire from 1994 to 1996, which included 15 Minor Counties Championship matches and 2 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his only List A appearance against Gloucestershire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy. In this match, he was dismissed for a single run by Mark Alleyne, while behind the stumps he took 2 catches and made 2 stumpings.

Lincolnshire County Cricket Club
Lincolnshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Lincolnshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Lincolnshire played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at Lincoln and plays matches around the county at Lincoln, Bourne, Grantham, London Road, Sleaford and Cleethorpes.
Galtara doriae
Galtara doriae is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Charles Oberthür in 1880. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda.

Arctiinae
The Arctiinae (formerly called the family Arctiidae) are a large and diverse subfamily of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This subfamily includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths (or tigers), which usually have bright colours, footmen, which are usually much drabber, lichen moths, and wasp moths. Many species have "hairy" caterpillars that are popularly known as woolly bears or woolly worms. The scientific name Arctiinae refers to this hairiness (Gk. αρκτος = a bear). Some species within the Arctiinae have the word "tussock"' in their common names because they have been misidentified as members of the Lymantriinae subfamily based on the characteristics of the larvae.
The Brothers McLeod
The Brothers McLeod are illustrator Greg McLeod and writer Myles McLeod. They are British filmmakers represented by Sheil Land Associates and specialising in illustration, writing and 2D animation. They have been nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards for Best British Short Animation.

BAFTA Award for Best Short Animation
The BAFTA Award for Best British Short Animation is a film award presented by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) at the annual British Academy Film Awards. BAFTA is a British organisation that hosts annual awards shows for film, television, and video games (and formerly also for children's film and television).

In the following lists, the titles and names in bold with a gold background are the winners and recipients respectively; those not in bold are the remaining nominees. The winner is also the first name listed in each category.
George Luks
George Benjamin Luks (August 13, 1867 – October 29, 1933) was an American artist, identified with the aggressively realistic Ashcan School of American painting.

After travelling and studying in Europe, Luks worked as a newspaper illustrator and cartoonist in Philadelphia, where he became part of a close-knit group, led by Robert Henri, that set out to defy the genteel values imposed by the influential National Academy of Design. His best-known paintings reflect the life of the poor and hard-pressed on Manhattan’s Lower East Side.

Art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each game.
Bao'en Si
Bao'en Si (simplified Chinese: 报恩寺; traditional Chinese: 報恩寺; pinyin: Bào'ēn sì; lit. 'Temple of Repaying Kindness or of Thanksgiving') or Bao'en Temple is the name of several notable temples:

Bao'en Temple (Pingwu), in Pingwu, Sichuan.

Bao'en Temple (Suzhou), in Suzhou, Jiangsu, which includes the Beisi Pagoda.

The Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, which forms a part of the former Bao'en Temple of Nanjing

Poh Ern Shih Temple in Singapore

Porcelain Tower of Nanjing
The Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, part of the former Great Bao'en Temple, is a historical site located on the south bank of external Qinhuai River in Nanjing, China. The original pagoda was constructed in the 15th century during the Ming dynasty, and it was mostly destroyed in the 19th century during the Taiping Rebellion.

In 2010, Wang Jianlin, a Chinese businessman, donated a billion yuan (US$156 million) to the city of Nanjing for its reconstruction, reported to be the largest single personal donation ever made in China. In December 2015, the modern replica and surrounding park were opened to the public.
C. B. Bhave
Chandrasekhar Bhaskar Bhave ( born 28 August 1950) is an Indian financial regulator. He was appointed as Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in February 2008 for a period of three years. He was SEBI's senior executive director from 1992 - 1996. After that he became Chairman and Managing Director of the then newly created National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL). He is also member of the governments technology advisory group, TAGUP. He is the chairperson of the Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS).

Many prominent personalities including Jaswant Singh (Former Finance Minister), Vinod Rai (Former Comptroller and Auditor General), Deepak Parekh (Chairman, Housing Development Finance Corporation), Jairam Ramesh (Rural Development Minister) have described Bhave as an "outstanding, honest and upright" officer.

Deepak Parekh
Deepak Parekh (born 18 October 1944) is an Indian businessman and the former chairman of Housing Development Finance Corporation, India's leading housing private development finance institution. It is based in Mumbai.
Teresa Riera
Teresa Riera Madurell (born 13 October 1950 in Barcelona) is a Spanish politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament from 2004 until 2014. She is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, part of the Party of European Socialists.

Riera was elected to the parliament of the Balearic Islands in 1989 and then to the national parliament in 1996 as deputy for The Balearic Islands serving until 2004.

During her time in the European Parliament, Riera served as rapporteur on the EU's research programme Horizon 2020.

Balearic Islands (Congress of Deputies constituency)
The Balearic Islands (Catalan: Illes Balears, Spanish: Islas Baleares)—Balearics until 2000 (Spanish: Baleares, Catalan: Balears)—are one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects eight deputies. Its boundaries correspond with those of the Balearic Islands. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.
Basilornis
Basilornis is a genus of mynas in the family Sturnidae. Established by Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1850, it contains the following species:

Sulawesi myna (Basilornis celebensis)

Long-crested myna (Basilornis corythaix)

Helmeted myna (Basilornis galeatus)

The Apo myna was formerly included in this genus, but has since been transferred to the monotypic genus Goodfellowia.

The name Basilornis is a combination of the Greek words basileus, meaning "king" and ornis, meaning "bird".

Charles Lucien Bonaparte
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, 2nd Prince of Canino and Musignano (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl lysjɛ̃ ʒyl lɔʁɑ̃ bɔnapaʁt]; 24 May 1803 – 29 July 1857) was a French naturalist and ornithologist, and a nephew of Napoleon. Lucien and his wife had twelve children, including Cardinal Lucien Bonaparte.
National Museum of Sudan
The National Museum of Sudan or Sudan National Museum, abbreviated SNM, is a war damaged former museum, housed in a two-story building, constructed in 1955 and established as national museum in 1971. Before its destruction during the Sudanese civil war, the museum held an estimated 100,000 objects covering thousands of years of Sudan's history, ranging from the Nubian kingdoms and the Kushite empire to the country's Christian and Islamic periods.

Sedeinga pyramids
The Sedeinga pyramids are a group of at least 80 small pyramids near Sedeinga, Sudan, built ca. 1 BCE. They were discovered between 2009 and 2012 and date to the time of the Kingdom of Kush, an ancient kingdom in Nubia. They range in size from about 6.7 metres (22 ft) to 75 centimetres (30 in) wide.
Reuben K. Bachman
Reuben Knecht Bachman (August 6, 1834 – September 19, 1911) was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

Reuben K. Bachman was born in Williams Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania.  He attended the common schools, and taught school for several years.  He entered the mercantile and milling business in Durham, Pennsylvania. He owned and operated the Durham Mill.

Bachman was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth Congress.  He was not a candidate for renomination in 1880.  He was a delegate to the 1884 Democratic National Convention at Chicago.  He engaged in the lumber business and the manufacture of builders' millwork at Riegelsville, Pennsylvania, and Phillipsburg, New Jersey.  He died in Easton, Pennsylvania.  Interment in Durham Cemetery, near Durham.

1884 Democratic National Convention
The 1884 Democratic National Convention was held July 8–11, 1884 and chose Governor Grover Cleveland of New York their presidential nominee with the former Governor Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana as the vice presidential nominee.
Dolly Dolson
Clarence Edward "Dolly" Dolson (May 23, 1897 — August 19, 1978) was a Canadian ice hockey player who played 93 games in the National Hockey League between 1928 and 1931 with the Detroit Cougars/Falcons. He has 35 wins, 41 loses, and 17 ties with a 1.98 GAA. He was born in Hespeler, Ontario.

Hespeler, Ontario
Hespeler is a neighbourhood and former town within Cambridge, Ontario, located along the Speed River in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. In 1973, Hespeler, Preston, Galt, and the hamlet of Blair were amalgamated to form the City of Cambridge. The first mayor of Cambridge was Claudette Millar.

No population data is available for the former Hespeler since the census reports cover only the full area of Cambridge. However, the combined population of the census tracts that cover what is now Hespeler was 26,391 as of the 2016 Canada Census.

The neighbourhood of Hespeler is located in the most northeasterly section of Cambridge. Even in the early days it had an industrial base, primarily activity from woolen and textile mills.
Room 13 (1964 film)
Room 13 (German: Zimmer 13) is a 1964 thriller film directed by Harald Reinl and starring Joachim Fuchsberger, Karin Dor and Richard Häussler. It was made as a co-production between West Germany, France and Denmark, based on the 1924 novel Room 13 by Edgar Wallace. It was part of Rialto Film's long-running series of German Wallace adaptations.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Walter Kutz and Wilhelm Vorwerg. It was shot at the Spandau Studios in Berlin and on location in Copenhagen.

Spandau Studios
The Spandau Studios or CCC Studios were film and television studios located in Spandau, a suburb of Berlin. They were established in 1949 following the Second World War by the producer Artur Brauner controller of CCC Films, on the site of a former factory. Following the Soviet occupation of East Germany, most of the major film studios in the capital were, with the exception of the Tempelhof Studios, located in East Berlin until Brauner opened his own studios.

Brauner produced a number of popular genre films over the following decades, including several remakes of Weimar era hits. Space was also rented out to other firms, and the 1960s saw the series of Edgar Wallace films made at Spandau by Rialto Film.
1956 CCCF Youth Championship
The 1956 CCCF Youth Championship was an age restricted association football competition organised by the CCCF (English: Football Confederation of Central America and the Caribbean). All games were hosted in San Salvador and took place in December.

Confederación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Fútbol
The Confederación Centroamericana y del Caribe de Fútbol (English: Central American and Caribbean Football Confederation), abbreviated as CCCF, was the governing body of football in Central America and the Caribbean from 1938 to 1961, and a predecessor confederation of CONCACAF. Founded in 1938 under the president Héctor Beeche, who was the confederation's first president. CCCF merged with NAFC to found the current CONCACAF in 1961.
Hungarian Fantasy (Liszt)
The Fantasia on Hungarian Folk Melodies (German: Fantasie über ungarische Volksmelodien, Hungarian: Fantázia magyar népi dallamokkal), commonly known in short form simply as the Hungarian Fantasy, is Franz Liszt's arrangement for piano and orchestra of his Hungarian Rhapsody No. 14, originally for solo piano. The Fantasia was written in 1852 and premiered in Pest on June 1, 1853, with Hans von Bülow as soloist and Ferenc Erkel conducting the orchestra.

Hans von Bülow
Freiherr Hans Guido von Bülow (German: [ˌhans fɔn ˈbyːlo] ⓘ; 8 January 1830 – 12 February 1894) was a German conductor, pianist, and composer of the Romantic era. As one of the most distinguished conductors of the 19th century, his activity was critical for establishing the successes of several major composers of the time, especially Richard Wagner and Johannes Brahms. Alongside Carl Tausig, Bülow was perhaps the most prominent of the early students of the Hungarian composer, pianist and conductor Franz Liszt; he gave the first public performance of Liszt's Sonata in B minor in 1857. He became acquainted with, fell in love with and eventually married Liszt's daughter Cosima, who later left him for Wagner. Noted for his interpretation of the works of Ludwig van Beethoven, he was one of the earliest European musicians to tour the United States.
Horseshoe Pond (Piercefield, St. Lawrence County, New York)
Horseshoe Pond is a lake located by Gale, New York. The outlet creek flows north into Long Pond, then continues into Catamount Pond. Fish species present in the lake are white sucker, smallmouth bass, brook trout, rock bass, yellow perch, and black bullhead. Access on north and west shore off Massawepie Road. Permit is required from June to August from the Boy Scout camp.

Yellow perch
The yellow perch (Perca flavescens), commonly referred to as perch, striped perch, American perch or preacher is a freshwater perciform fish native to much of North America. The yellow perch was described in 1814 by Samuel Latham Mitchill from New York. It is closely related, and morphologically similar to the European perch (Perca fluviatilis); and is sometimes considered a subspecies of its European counterpart.

Latitudinal variability in age, growth rates, and size have been observed among populations of yellow perch, likely resulting from differences in day length and annual water temperatures. In many populations, yellow perch often live 9 to 10 years, with adults generally ranging 4–10 in (10–25 cm) in length.

The world record for a yellow by weight is 4 lb 3 oz (1.9 kg), and was caught in May 1865 in Bordentown, New Jersey, by Dr. C. Abbot. It is the longest-standing record for a freshwater fish in North America.