hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Steinbeck bibliography
The following is a complete list of books published by John Steinbeck, one of the foremost American authors of the 20th century. Steinbeck published seventeen works of fiction and ten works of nonfiction between 1929 and 1966, as well as his work writing short stories and screenplays. Born in California, his novels often center around lower-class Americans navigating life in Western states. Although The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men remain his most popular novels, Steinbeck himself regarded East of Eden as his magnum opus. All of these were New York Times Bestsellers along with The Moon Is Down and Cannery Row. He won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humor and keen social perception".

East of Eden (novel)
East of Eden is a 1952 family saga novel by American author and Nobel Prize winner John Steinbeck. Many regard the work as Steinbeck's most ambitious novel, and Steinbeck himself considered it his magnum opus. Steinbeck said of East of Eden, "It has everything in it I have been able to learn about my craft or profession in all these years"; the author later said, "I think everything else I have written has been, in a sense, practice for this." Steinbeck originally addressed the novel to his young sons, Thom and John (then 61⁄2 and 41⁄2 years old, respectively). Steinbeck wanted to describe the sights, sounds, smells, and colors of the Salinas Valley for them in detail.

East of Eden details of lives of two families, the Trasks and the Hamiltons, and their interwoven stories. The Hamilton family in the novel is said to be based on the real-life family of Samuel Hamilton, Steinbeck's maternal grandfather. A young John Steinbeck also appears briefly in the novel as a minor character.
Searsia lancea
Searsia lancea commonly known as karee (archaically karree), is an evergreen, frost hardy, drought resistant tree, which can reach up to 8 metres (26 ft) in height with a 5-metre (16 ft) spread. It is one of the most common trees on the Highveld and in the Bushveld in South Africa, but not found in the Lowveld. In North America, where it is naturalised, it is known as African sumac and willow rhus.

Bushveld
The Bushveld (from Afrikaans: bosveld, Afrikaans: bos 'bush' and Afrikaans: veld) is a sub-tropical woodland ecoregion of Southern Africa. The ecoregion straddles the Tropic of Capricorn and constitutes the southern part of the Zambezian region. It encompasses most of Limpopo and a small part of North West in South Africa, the Central and North-East Districts of Botswana and the Matabeleland South and part of Matabeleland North provinces of Zimbabwe. The Kruger National Park has a number of 'Bushveld' camps, but these are strictly speaking in the lowveld, as these terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Although their limits are somewhat blurred, lowveld is generally restricted to the more easterly parts of South Africa and Zimbabwe.
Thomas Oosthuizen
Thomas Oosthuizen (/ˈwɛsthaɪzən/ WEST-hye-zən; born 2 April 1988) is a South African professional boxer. He is a former IBO world champion in two weight classes, having held the super-middleweight title from 2011 to 2014, and the light-heavyweight title in 2015.

Weight class (boxing)
In boxing, a weight class is a measurement  weight range for boxers.  The lower limit of a weight class is equal to the upper weight limit of the class below it. The top class, with no upper limit, is called heavyweight in professional boxing and super heavyweight in amateur boxing. A boxing match is usually scheduled for a fixed weight class, and each boxer's weight must not exceed the upper limit. A nonstandard weight limit is called a catchweight.
Asmoli
Asmoli is a village in Sambhal district of Uttar Pradesh state, India. It belongs to Moradabad Division. In 2011, Asmoli had 7.273 inhabitants. It is located 32 kilometres (20 mi) west of Moradabad District and 366 kilometres (227 mi) from the state capital of Lucknow. Asmoli is part of Sambhal Tehsil and surrounded by Joya Tehsil towards North, Kundarki Tehsil towards East and Pawansa Tehsil towards South. Chandausi, Sambhal, Amroha, Moradabad are the nearby cities to Asmoli. The village gives its name to the Asmoli Assembly constituency.

Moradabad division
Moradabad division (Hindi pronunciation: [mʊɾaːd̪aːbaːd̪]) is one of the 18 administrative geographical units (i.e. division) of the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Moradabad city is the administrative headquarters of this division. It forms a part of the Rohilkhand region. Currently (As of 2005), the division consists of 5 districts:-

Moradabad

Bijnor

Rampur

Amroha

Sambhal

The Amroha district of this division is on top in providing better education to children and Sambhal district is turned out to be worst, according to the intellectual test held on 10 November 2022.
Bhinder
Bhinder or Bhindar is a town in Udaipur District, that is located 315 km (196 mi) from the state's main city Jaipur. Bhinder borders the Chittorgarh District in Rajasthan and is located 58 kilometres (36 mi) south-east of Udaipur. Notable tourist sites nearby include Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary, Jaisamand Sanctuary, and Jaisamand Lake. Bhinder is surrounded by four lakes.

The closest airport is Maharana Pratap Airport and the nearest railway station is at Udaipur.

The city is divided into 20 wards for which elections are held every five years.

Postal code: 313603

Bhinder Municipality has total administration over 3,605 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorized to build roads within Municipality limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

Chittorgarh district
Chittorgarh district is one of the 50 districts of Rajasthan state in western India. The historic city of Chittaurgarh is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district was established on 1 August 1948 by integrating portions of various princely states: Mewar, Pratabgarh, Tonk, and Jhalawar. Chittaurgarh is famous for the Chittor fort, home to various famous Rajput dynasties.
Henry II of Augsburg
Henry II of Augsburg (origin and ancestry unknown; died 3 September 1063) was Bishop of Augsburg from 1047 to 1063.

Prior to his episcopal tenure Henry II was a member of the Hofkapelle of Emperor Henry III and, from 1046 to 1047, the head of the Italian chancellery, in which documents that concerned the Italian lands of the Holy Roman Empire were prepared. His career is thus typical of the Ottonian-Salian imperial church. As Bishop of Augsburg, Henry II was responsible for the expansion of Augsburg Cathedral and the episcopal palace.

Augsburg Cathedral
The Cathedral of Augsburg (German: Dom Mariä Heimsuchung) is a Catholic cathedral in Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany, founded in the 11th century in Romanesque style, but with 14th-century Gothic additions. Together with the Basilica of St. Ulrich and Afra, it is one of the city's main attractions. It measures 113 x 40 m, and its towers are 62 m high. It is dedicated to the Visitation of Virgin Mary.
Jacek Protas
Jacek Protas (born 15 January 1964) is a Polish politician of the Civic Platform who was elected member of the European Parliament in 2024. He served as marshal of Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship from 2006 to 2014, and as a member of the Sejm from 2015 to 2024.

Voivodeship marshal
A voivodeship marshal (Polish: marszałek województwa, pronounced [marˈʂawɛɡ vɔjɛˈvut͡stfa]) is the head of the provincial-level government for each of the sixteen voivodeships of Poland. Elected by councillors from the provincial assembly, the marshal is the head of the collective voivodeship executive board, which acts as the de facto cabinet for the region. The current competences and traditions of the contemporary voivodeship marshal stem from the Public Administrative Reform Act of 1998, which went into effect in January 1999.
SS Gabbiano
A number of steamships were named Gabbiano, including

SS Gabbiano (1919), built as a sailing ship by Societa Construzione e Navales Velieri, Viareggio. Later fitted with an auxiliary steam engine.

SS Gabbiano (1923), in service with Achille Lauro, Naples 1934–40

SS Empire Energy
SS Empire Energy was a cargo steamship. She was built in Germany in 1923 as Grete for small German tramp shipping company. In 1934 the Italian shipping magnate Achille Lauro bought her and renamed her Gabbiano.

When Italy entered the Second World War in 1940, Gabbiano was in a British port, so the Royal Navy seized her. The UK Ministry of Shipping renamed her  Empire Energy, and appointed a British tramp company to manage her. In 1941 she was wrecked on the coast of Newfoundland. Her wreck remains on the shore at Cape Norman to this day.
ISKCON guru system
An ISKCON guru is a person who is permitted to initiate disciples into the International Society for Krishna Consciousness system. The guru system has undergone several changes and reform since its beginnings in the 1960s. Upanayana as a traditional  "sacred thread ceremony" of the Gayatri Mantra, commonly known Hindu Samskara, is complemented by Pancharatra mantras of the Gaudiya Vaishnava sampradaya and follows the principal initial nama initiation ceremony, referred to respectively as brahmana diksa and Hari nama diksa.

Nāma
Nāma is Sanskrit for name. In this context its meaning is the creative power. Alternate meanings in the Granth Sahib include shabda (word), kirtan (melody). In Arabic it is kalam (kalam meaning "pen") "a" indicates something that's written by pen, in Chinese it means Tao. Simran means repetition of, or meditation on, the name of the divine and is the principal method or tool which is meant to unite the soul with the Paramatman, or God.
Battle of Ulubad
The Battle of Ulubad was fought sometime between 9 March and early May 1403 at Ulubad between the rival sons of the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I, Mehmed Çelebi and İsa Çelebi, during the first stages of the civil war known as the Ottoman Interregnum. The battle was a major victory for Mehmed, who occupied the Ottoman capital, Bursa, and became master of the Ottomans' Anatolian domains. İsa fled to the Byzantine capital Constantinople, while Mehmed proceeded to formally lay claim to the succession of Bayezid by an enthronement ceremony in Bursa, and by having his father's body buried there. By 18 May 1403, however, İsa returned to Anatolia with an army provided by their oldest brother, Süleyman Çelebi, ruler of Rumelia. İsa was again defeated and eventually killed after a series of battles by September.

Rumelia
Rumelia (Ottoman Turkish: روم ايلى, romanized: Rum İli, lit. 'Land of the Romans'; Turkish: Rumeli; Greek: Ρωμυλία) was a historical region in Southeastern Europe that was administered by the Ottoman Empire, roughly corresponding to the Balkans. In its wider sense, it was used to refer to all Ottoman possessions and vassals in Europe. These would later be geopolitically classified as "the Balkans", although Hungary and Moldova are sometimes excluded. In contemporary English sources, Rumelia was known as Turkey in Europe.
Joseph Chaikov
Joseph Moisevich Chaikov (Russian: Иосиф Моисеевич Чайков, also spelled, among other spellings, Tshaykov, Tchaikov, and Tchaikovsky; 1888 – 1979) was a Russian Imperial and Soviet Russian sculptor, graphic designer and teacher of Ukrainian Jewish descent.

Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne
The Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (International Exposition of Art and Technology in Modern Life) was held from 25 May to 25 November 1937 in Paris, France. Both the Palais de Chaillot, housing the Musée de l'Homme, and the Palais de Tokyo, which houses the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, were created for this exhibition that was officially sanctioned by the Bureau International des Expositions. A third building, Palais d'Iéna, housing the permanent Museum of Public Works, which was originally to be among the new museums created on the hill of Chaillot on the occasion of the Exhibition, was not built until January 1937 and inaugurated in March 1939.
1993 Kremlin Cup – Doubles
Marius Barnard and John-Laffnie de Jager were the defending champions, but Barnard did not participate this year.  de Jager partnered Johan de Beer, losing in the first round.

Jacco Eltingh and Paul Haarhuis won the title, defeating Jan Apell and Jonas Björkman by retirement after winning 6–1 in the first set.

Paul Haarhuis
Paul Vincent Nicholas Haarhuis (Dutch pronunciation: [pʌul ˈhaːrhœys]; born 19 February 1966) is a Dutch tennis coach and a former professional player. He is a former world No. 1 doubles player, having reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 18 in November 1995. He has won 54 doubles titles, including six Grand Slam titles, five with Jacco Eltingh, and one with Yevgeny Kafelnikov.
Oneonta (town), New York
Oneonta is a town in Otsego County, New York, United States. The population was 5,065 at the 2020 census.,

The Town of Oneonta surrounds the City of Oneonta, which has a population of 13,791.  The meaning of the native word "oneonta" is City of the Hills.

Delaware County, New York
Delaware County is a county located in the US state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 44,308.  The county seat is Delhi. The county is named after the Delaware River, which was named in honor of Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, appointed governor of Virginia in 1609. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.
The Story of Pollyanna, Girl of Love
The Story of Pollyanna, Girl of Love (愛少女ポリアンナ物語, Ai Shōjo Porianna Monogatari) is a Japanese anime series by Nippon Animation, and part of the World Masterpiece Theater series. It consists of 51 episodes. Premiering across Fuji TV from 12 January to 28 December 1986, it has rerun across Japan on Animax from February 2007. It was dubbed in other languages for some regions of the world outside Japan including Portugal, France, Italy, Spain, Germany, Ukraine, Thailand, the Arab World, and the Philippines.

It was based on the 1913 novel Pollyanna and its 1915 sequel Pollyanna Grows Up by Eleanor H. Porter.

Pollyanna Grows Up
Children's literature portal

Novels portal

Pollyanna Grows Up is a 1915 children's novel by Eleanor H. Porter. It is the first of many sequels to Porter's best-selling Pollyanna (1913), but is the only one written by Porter herself; the numerous later additions to the Pollyanna franchise were the work of other authors.
Gábor Klaniczay
Gábor Klaniczay (born 18 July 1950, in Budapest) is Professor Emeritus of Medieval Studies at the Department of Historical Studies (formerly the Department of Medieval Studies) of the Central European University, Budapest/Vienna. He is also titulary professor at the Department of Medieval History at the Faculty of Humanities of the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest. He is corresponding fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is also corresponding fellow of the Medieval Academy of America, Membre de l'Institut, Associé étranger, Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, Paris, and Honorary Fellow of the American Historical Association.

American Historical Association
The American Historical Association (AHA) is the oldest professional association of historians in the United States and the largest such organization in the world with 11,000 members as of 2025. Founded in 1884, AHA works to protect academic freedom, develop professional standards, and support scholarship and innovative teaching. It publishes The American Historical Review four times annually, which features scholarly history-related articles and book reviews.

AHA is the major learned society for historians working in the United States, while the Organization of American Historians is a field society for historians who study and teach about the United States. The AHA's congressional charter of 1889, established it "for the promotion of historical studies, the collection and preservation of historical manuscripts, and for kindred purposes in the interest of American history, and of history in America."
T Cloud Public
T Cloud Public is a public cloud computing service provided by Deutsche Telekom AG. Before 2026, the offering was known as Open Telekom Cloud (OTC). It is an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) offering based on OpenStack technology and operated in data centers owned by T-Systems, located in Biere and Magdeburg, Germany. Since 2021, additional data centers are located in Almere and Aalsmeer, Netherlands, and since 2022 in Bern and Zollikofen, Switzerland.

Infrastructure as a service
Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is a cloud computing service model where a cloud services vendor provides computing resources such as storage, network, servers, and virtualization (which emulates computer hardware). This service frees users from maintaining their own data center, but they must install and maintain the operating system and application software. Iaas provides users high-level APIs to control details of underlying network infrastructure such as backup, data partitioning, scaling, security and physical computing resources. Services can be scaled on-demand by the user. According to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), such infrastructure is the most basic cloud-service model. IaaS can be hosted in a public cloud (where users share hardware, storage, and network devices), a private cloud (users do not share resources), or a hybrid cloud (combination of both).
Uravugal Sangamam
Uravugal Sangamam  is a soap opera that aired on Raj TV. The show premiered on 14 October 2013 and aired Monday through Saturday at 9:30pm and the show was shifted to 8:30pm time Slot. The show starring by Yuvarani, Vadivukkarasi, Shyam Ganesh, Durga, Pooja, Devikiruba, Nagalakshmi, S.Kavitha, Dev, Abser, Ajay Rathnam and Pandu. The story revolved around the families, especially, the three families, which were considered as main in the serial.

The serial is produced by Bharathi Associates and directed by Vijay. S.Kumar. The serial had the privilege of actress Sukanya lending her voice to the title song, for the music scored by Babu Ganesh. The show last aired on 13 September 2014 and ended with 375 episodes.

Yuvarani
Yuvarani (born 30 November 1974) is an Indian actress. She has appeared in several Tamil films in the female lead role while she has also featured in television serials.

She played Rajinikanth's sister in Baashha, Prabhavathy in the Tamil Serial Chithi,  and Sundari in Thendral.
Texas Jeans USA
Texas Jeans USA was an American clothing company that manufactured denim and wildland firefighting clothing in Asheboro, North Carolina. A subsidiary of Fox Apparel, they were, "one of the last denim jean makers left that were 100% made in the USA."

The company's facility had been making products for more than 45 years. In 2007, the company employed approximately 150 people. By 2014, the company employed approximately 300 people at its 186,000 square foot manufacturing facility.

As of January 15, 2024,  Origin BJJ (originusa.com) made the decision to halt production of all Texas Jeans.  Sales had reached an all-time high for Origin garments and all sewing capacity would be utilized to fulfill this demand. By June 1, 2024, all products shown on the Texas Jeans website were marked as "sold out".

Asheboro, North Carolina
Asheboro is a city in and the county seat of Randolph County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 27,156 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Greensboro-High Point Metropolitan Area of the Piedmont Triad and is home of the state-owned North Carolina Zoo.
Op. 89
In music, Op. 89 stands for Opus number 89. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Beethoven – Polonaise, Op. 89

Brahms – Gesang der Parzen

Dvořák – Requiem

Fauré – Piano Quintet No. 1

Hummel – Piano Concerto No. 3

Saint-Saëns – Africa

Schubert – Winterreise

Schumann – 6 Gesänge

Shostakovich – The Unforgettable Year 1919

Sibelius – Four Humoresques, concertante works for violin and orchestra (1917–1918)

Africa (Saint-Saëns)
Africa, Op. 89, is a fantasia for piano and orchestra by Camille Saint-Saëns. Composed in 1891 during a stay in Egypt, this concertante piece is marked by its mosaic-like structure and interplay of various themes, blending African musical elements with European compositional techniques.

Written during a period of personal grief following his mother's death, Saint-Saëns dedicated Africa to the pianist Marie-Aimée Roger-Miclos, to whom he had pledged a new composition. The work is held in a single movement and calls for outstanding technical virtuosity, agility, and a certain lightness of touch from the soloist, also reflecting Saint-Saëns's own formidable pianistic skill.

The premiere on 25 October 1891 was met with great acclaim, and subsequent performances took place around the globe, Saint-Saëns even considering it a signature work.
Selig S. Harrison
Selig Seidenman Harrison (March 19, 1927 – December 30, 2016) was a scholar and journalist, who specialized in South Asia and East Asia. He was the Director of the Asia Program and a senior fellow at the Center for International Policy, and a senior scholar of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. He was also a member of the Afghanistan Study Group. He wrote five books on Asian affairs and U.S. relations with Asia. His last book, Korean Endgame: A Strategy for Reunification and U.S. Disengagement (Princeton University Press), won the 2002 award of the Association of American Publishers for the best Professional/Scholarly Book in Government and Political Science.

His outspoken, constructive criticisms of administration policies often appeared on op-ed pages of many major newspapers, including The Washington Post, The New York Times, the International Herald Tribune, The Los Angeles Times, and The Financial Times.

International Herald Tribune
The International Herald Tribune (IHT) was a daily English-language newspaper published in Paris, France, for international English-speaking readers. It published under the name International Herald Tribune starting in 1967, but its origins as an international newspaper trace back to 1887. Sold in over 160 countries, the International Herald Tribune produced a large amount of content until it became the second incarnation of The International New York Times in 2013, 10 years after The New York Times Company became its sole owner.
Cnemaspis flavigularis
Cnemaspis flavigularis is a species of gecko. It is endemic to the Cardamom Hills, a part of the southern Western Ghats in Kerala, India. It belongs to the Cnemaspis littoralis group of species. Common name yellow throated day gecko has been coined for it.

Cardamom Hills
The Cardamom Hills or Yela Mala are mountain range of southern India and part of the southern Western Ghats located in Idukki district, Kerala, India. Their name comes from the cardamom spice grown in much of the hills' cool elevation, which also supports pepper and coffee. The Western Ghats and Periyar Sub-Cluster including the Cardamom Hills are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Light It Up (film)
Light It Up is a 1999 film starring an ensemble cast that consists of R&B singer/actor Usher Raymond (in his first leading role), Forest Whitaker, Rosario Dawson, and Vanessa L. Williams. The film was written and directed by Craig Bolotin, and produced by Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds and his wife Tracy Edmonds.

The film follows five teenage high school seniors and one sophomore, who hold a wounded police officer hostage and barricade themselves inside the school.

Babyface (musician)
Kenneth Brian Edmonds (born April 10, 1959), known professionally as Babyface, is an American singer, songwriter, and record producer. He has written and produced 26 number-one R&B hit songs and 
won 13 Grammy Awards. He was ranked number 20 on NME's 50 of The Greatest Producers Ever list.