hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Albert Einstein Professorship in Science
The Albert Einstein Professorship in Science is an endowed professorship in physics established at Princeton University in 1974 by a donation from the International Business Machine Corporation (IBM).

Albert Einstein was never on the faculty of Princeton University, although in the early 1930s he did occupy an office in Princeton University's mathematics building (the old Fine Hall), while he was waiting for the Institute for Advanced Study to be built. Einstein was given a corner office in the old Fine Hall, which served as the temporary headquarters of the Institute for Advanced Study.

Princeton University's Albert Einstein Professorship in Science should not be confused with various other Einstein professorships, such as Stony Brook University's Albert Einstein Professorship of Physics, which was held by C. N. Yang.

Yang Chen-Ning
Yang Chen-Ning (simplified Chinese: 杨振宁; traditional Chinese: 楊振寧; pinyin: Yáng Zhènníng; October 1, 1922 – October 18, 2025) also known as C.N. Yang and Franklin Yang, was a Chinese-American theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to statistical mechanics, integrable systems, gauge theory, particle physics and condensed matter physics.

Yang is known for his collaboration with Robert Mills in 1954 in developing non-abelian gauge theory, widely known as the Yang–Mills theory, which describes the nuclear forces in the Standard Model of particle physics.

Yang and Tsung-Dao Lee received the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on parity non-conservation of the weak interaction, which was confirmed by the Wu experiment in 1956. The two proposed that the conservation of parity, a physical law observed to hold in all other physical processes, is violated in weak nuclear reactions – those nuclear processes that result in the emission of beta or alpha particles.
Yamata Sports Park Stadium
Tottori Athletic Stadium (鳥取県立布勢総合運動公園陸上競技場, Tottori kenritsu Fuse sōgōundōkōen rikujō kyōgiba) is a multi-purpose stadium in the city of Tottori, Tottori Prefecture, Japan.

It was the main stadium for the 40th National Athletic Meet held in 1985 and the 2004 88th Japan Athletics Championships. It is currently used mostly for football matches.  The stadium holds 30,000 people.

Tottori Prefecture
Tottori Prefecture (鳥取県, Tottori-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [tot.to.ɾʲi, tot.to.ɾʲiꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Tottori Prefecture is the least populous prefecture of Japan at 538,525 (2023) and has a geographic area of 3,507.13 square kilometres (1,354.11 mi2). Tottori Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the west, Hiroshima Prefecture to the southwest, Okayama Prefecture to the south, and Hyōgo Prefecture to the east.

Tottori is the capital and largest city of Tottori Prefecture, with other major cities including Yonago, Kurayoshi, and Sakaiminato. Tottori Prefecture is home to the Tottori Sand Dunes, the largest sand dunes system in Japan, and Mount Daisen, the highest peak in the Chūgoku Mountains.
Giovanni Paparoni
Giovanni Cardinal Paparoni (sometimes known in English as John Cardinal Paparo; died ca. 1153/1154) was an Italian Cardinal and prominent papal legate in dealings with Ireland and Scotland.

He was created Cardinal by Pope Celestine II in 1143. Following the death of the previous papal legate to Ireland, St. Malachy, and a number of requests made by both the Irish lay and religious hierarchy, Giovanni was appointed to be the papal legate to Ireland, arriving there in 1151. He presided at the Synod of Kells in 1152, which decided the system of four archbishops (Armagh, Dublin, Cashel, and Tuam) for Ireland. He argued for a reduction in the number of bishops in the Irish Church, and, according to the testimony of Archbishop Felix O Ruadhain of Tuam at the Fourth Lateran Council, began the process of diocesan expansion through which the see of Dublin expanded in the late twelfth and early thirteenth century at the expense of the see of Glendaloch.

Archbishop of Dublin
The Archbishop of Dublin (Irish: Ard-Easpag Bhaile Átha Cliath) is an archiepiscopal title which takes its name from Dublin, Ireland. Since the Reformation, there have been parallel apostolic successions to the title: one in the Catholic Church and the other in the Church of Ireland. The archbishop of each denomination also holds the title of Primate of Ireland.
Ayub Shah Durrani
Ayub Shah Durrani (Pashto: ايوب شاه دراني; Persian: ایوب شاه درانی), also known as Ayub Shah Abdali, was the ruler of Afghanistan from 1819 to 1823. He was an Afghan from the Pashtun ethnic group, and the second oldest son of Timur Shah. He succeeded his brother Ali Shah Durrani, after his son Isma'il Mirza killed him on the orders of Azim Khan Barakzai. He only ruled for four years, holding off his own brothers, as well as the Barakzai and Indian tribes from nearby. He was imprisoned by the Barakzai dynasty, and was succeeded by Sultan Mohammad Khan.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.
Kungälv Municipality
Kungälv Municipality (Swedish: Kungälvs kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Kungälv. It is the 50th largest municipality in Sweden by population size, which exceeded 50 000 during May 2024.

The present municipality was formed in 1971 through the amalgamation of the City of Kungälv, the City of Marstrand and territories belonging to four rural municipalities. In 1974 a minor part (situated on the island of Hisingen) was transferred to Gothenburg Municipality.

Municipalities of Sweden
The municipalities of Sweden (Swedish: Sveriges kommuner) are its generally smaller but co-equal local government entities. There are 290 municipalities which are responsible for a large proportion of local services, including schools, emergency services and physical planning.
The Wall Street Boy
The Wall Street Boy (Kalenjin: Kipkemboi) is a Kenyan-Canadian thriller drama film, directed by Charles Uwagbai and released in 2023. The film stars Thamela Mpumlwana as Kipkemboi, a young mathematical genius from rural Kenya who is forced to give up a scholarship to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to stay with his family after his father dies, and then develops a computer algorithm that allows him to play the stock market and enrich his family and community.

The cast also includes Elsie Abang, Vinessa Antoine, Millicent Boella, Kevin Hanchard, David Cubitt, Elijah Morrison and Idrissa Sanogo in supporting roles.

The film premiered at the Africa International Film Festival in November 2023, before going into wider commercial release in 2024.

Africa International Film Festival
The Africa International Film Festival (AFRIFF) is an annual film festival that takes place in Nigeria. It was founded in 2010 with its Inaugural edition in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. AFRIFF was founded by Chioma Ude a passionate film buff and entrepreneur, The event normally spans through a week and it includes award shows and film training classes. Keith Shiri, the founder/director of Africa at the Pictures was one of the festival's artistic director of the festival. AFRIFF, through its Globe Awards, gives out honors in categories such Feature, Documentary, Short, Animation, and Students Short, as well as awards and prizes for Directing, Acting, and Screenplay. There are additional special awards for Audience Choice and an Outstanding Film Jury Award.
Ion Degen
Ion Lazarevich Degen (Russian: Ион Лазаревич Деген; 4 June 1925, Mohyliv-Podilskyi – 28 April 2017, Givatayim) was a Soviet and Israeli writer, doctor and medical scientist in the field of orthopedics and traumatology. During World War II he served in the armoured troops of the Red Army. He obtained a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1973.

Mohyliv-Podilskyi
Mohyliv-Podilskyi (Ukrainian: Могилів-Подільський, IPA: [moɦɪˈl⁽ʲ⁾iu̯ poˈd⁽ʲ⁾ilʲsʲkɪj] ⓘ) is a city in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Mohyliv-Podilskyi Raion within the oblast. It is located in the historic region of Podolia, on the border with Bessarabia, Moldova, along the left bank of the Dniester River. On the opposite side of the river lies the Moldovan town of Otaci, and the two municipalities are connected to each other by a bridge. Population: 29,925 (2022 estimate).
Pobiednik
Pobiednik can refer to two villages near each other in the administrative district of Gmina Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce, Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland:

Pobiednik Wielki

Pobiednik Mały

Pobiednik Mały
Pobiednik Mały (Polish pronunciation: [pɔˈbjɛdɲik ˈmawɨ]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce, within Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.
Salicornia perennis
Salicornia perennis, synonym Sarcocornia perennis, otherwise known as perennial glasswort, is a species of halophytic perennial plant within the family Amaranthaceae. It has a widespread but patchy native distribution, being found in parts of Western Europe, northern and southern Africa, North America from southeast Alaska to south Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. It is native to the coasts of southern Britain and Ireland, where it is classified as nationally scarce. The species flowers between July and October.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Marium Mukhtiar
Marium Mukhtiar (May 19, 1992 – November 24, 2015) was a Pakistani fighter pilot. She died flying a Pakistan Air Force (PAF) FT-7PG aircraft that crashed near Kundian in Mianwali District, northwestern Punjab, Pakistan on November 24, 2015. She was the first female Pakistani fighter pilot to die in the line of duty.

Mianwali District
The Mianwali District (Punjabi: ضِلع مِيانوالى) is a district located in the Sargodha Division of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Mianwali District remained part of Rawalpindi Division until 1963, when Mianwali District became part of Sargodha Division. According to 2023 Pakistani census, population of Mianwali District is 1.79 million.

It has borders with the Talagang, Attock, Kohat, Karak, Lakki Marwat, Dera Ismail Khan, Bhakkar, and Khushab districts.
A Treasury
A Treasury is a Nick Drake compilation aimed at the audiophile audience. Released in the UK on 27 September 2004 and in the US on 26 October 2004, it was available as both a hybrid multichannel SACD and a 180 gram vinyl LP. To promote the compilation, a single was issued for the song "River Man", released on CD and 7" vinyl in the UK on 13 September 2004.
The multichannel (5.1) layer on the SACD was mixed by the original Sound Techniques engineer John Wood, with Clive Gregson. The CD version is 52' 13" in length.

Super Audio CD
Super Audio CD (SACD) is an optical disc format for audio storage introduced in 1999. It was developed jointly by Sony and Philips Electronics and intended to be the successor to the compact disc (CD) format.

The SACD format allows multiple audio channels (i.e., surround sound or multichannel sound). It also provides a higher bit rate and longer playing time than a conventional CD.

An SACD is designed to be played on an SACD player. A hybrid SACD contains a Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA) layer and can also be played on a standard CD player.
Adventure International
Adventure International was an American video game publishing company that existed from 1979 until 1986. It was started by Scott and Alexis Adams. Their games were notable for being the first implementation of the adventure genre to run on a microcomputer system. The adventure game concept originally came from Colossal Cave Adventure which ran strictly on large mainframe systems at the time.

Mainframe computer
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe, maxicomputer, or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. A mainframe computer is large but not as large as a supercomputer and has more processing power than some other classes of computers, such as minicomputers, workstations, and personal computers. Most large-scale computer-system architectures were established in the 1960s, but they continue to evolve. Mainframe computers are often used as servers.

The term mainframe was derived from the large cabinet, called a main frame, that housed the central processing unit and main memory of early computers. Later, the term mainframe was used to distinguish high-end commercial computers from less powerful machines.
Alime Abdenanova
Alime Seitosmanovna Abdenanova (Crimean Tatar: Alime Seitosman qızı Abdenanova; 4 January 1924 — 5 April 1944) — was a Crimean Tatar scout in the Red Army during World War II. After the German occupation of Crimea began in 1943 she led her reconnaissance group in the collection of intelligence about the positions of German and Romanian troops throughout the Kerch Peninsula, for which she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. After the group was arrested by the Germans in February, Abdenanova was tortured for over a month but refused to reveal any information to her captors. At the age of twenty she was executed in the outskirts of Simferopol on 5 April 1944. On 1 September 2014 by decree of Vladimir Putin she was posthumously declared a Hero of the Russian Federation, making her the sixteenth woman and first Crimean Tatar awarded the title.

Krasnodar
Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 million residents in the Urban Okrug. In the past decade Krasnodar has experienced rapid population growth, rising to become the tenth-largest city in Russia, and the largest city in southern Russia, as well as the Southern Federal District.

The city originated in 1793 as a fortress built by the Cossacks, and became a trading center for southern Russia. The city sustained heavy damage in World War II but was rebuilt and renovated after the war. Krasnodar is a major economic hub in southern Russia; In 2012, Forbes named Krasnodar the best city for business in Russia. Krasnodar is home to numerous sights, including the Krasnodar Stadium. Its main airport is Krasnodar International Airport.
Arboretum du parc de Rouelles
The Arboretum du parc de Rouelles, also known as the Arboretum des Ardennes, is an arboretum located within the Parc de Rouelles (over 150 hectares) on the Chemin Vicinal 3, south of Montivilliers, north of Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, Normandy, France.

Long ago, the park was a medieval property of Pays de Caux with castle, park, farm, and forest. Most buildings were destroyed by bombardment in 1944, but a fine dovecote remains (dating to 1631). Today's park was created from 1980 to 1993.

The Arboretum des Ardennes proper contains 200 tree species, organized as 25 botanical families, all planted in the early 1980s. Specimens include local species such as beech, hornbeam, and chestnut, as well as exotics including American elm, eucalyptus, and Ginkgo biloba. A second arboretum is dedicated exclusively to conifers.

Dovecote
A dovecote or dovecot /ˈdʌvkɒt/, doocot (Scots) or columbarium is a structure intended to house pigeons or doves. Dovecotes may be free-standing structures in a variety of shapes, or built into the end of a house or barn. They generally contain pigeonholes for the birds to nest. Pigeons and doves were an important food source historically in the Middle East and Europe and were kept for their eggs and dung.
Gong Peng
Gong Peng (October 10, 1914 – September 20, 1970), born Gong Cisheng and also known as Gong Weihang, was a Chinese wartime spokeswoman for the Chinese Communist Party. After 1949 she was an official in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, and was head of the Bureau of Information, the first woman to head a department.

K. H. Ting
K. H. Ting, Ting Kuang-hsun or Ding Guangxun (Chinese: 丁光訓; 20 September 1915 – 22 November 2012), was chairperson emeritus of the Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM) and President emeritus of the China Christian Council, the government-approved Protestant church in China.

Ting was trained in the Anglican tradition and, in 1955, was consecrated as Anglican Bishop of Chekiang. As he never renounced his ordination, he remained a bishop until his death. However, in 1958 the Anglican Church in China came to an end as an independent institution in mainland China, leaving Ting with no episcopal functions to perform.

Ting had also held a number of political posts. He was a vice-chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (1989–2008), and a member of the National People's Congress, China's legislature.
José Luis Torrente
José Luis Torrente is a fictional character created by Spanish actor and director Santiago Segura and the main character in the Torrente scatological and dark comedy-action film series. The series so far includes five films; Torrente: El brazo tonto de la ley (1998), Torrente 2: Misión en Marbella (2001), Torrente 3: El protector (2005), Torrente 4: Lethal Crisis (2011) and Torrente 5: Operación Eurovegas (2014).

There are also video games Torrente: El videojuego and Torrente 3, which were released with the second and third movies, respectively.

2011 in film
The following is an overview of the events of 2011 in film, including the highest-grossing films, film festivals, award ceremonies and a list of films released and notable deaths. More film sequels were released in 2011 than any other year before it, with 27 sequels released.
Siege of Besançon
The siege of Besançon took place from 25 April to 22 May 1674 during the Franco-Dutch War, when French forces nominally led by Louis XIV of France invaded Franche-Comté, then part of the Spanish Empire.

Siege works were supervised by the duc d'Enghien, eldest son of le Grand Condé, and French military engineer Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban. The defenders were commanded by Vaudémont but the town's isolated position meant they could only delay capture. The bulk of French casualties were caused by a botched assault, allegedly launched to impress Louis, before the garrison surrendered and were allowed free passage to the Spanish Netherlands.

Under the 1678 Treaties of Nijmegen, the province was annexed by France and Besançon replaced Dole as the regional capital.

Charles Henri, Prince of Commercy
Charles Henri of Lorraine (French: Charles Henri, Prince de Commercy, Prince de Vaudémont, pronounced [ʃaʁl ɑ̃ʁi pʁɛ̃s də kɔmɛʁsi pʁɛ̃s də vodemɔ̃]; 17 April 1649 – 14 January 1723) was the legitimated son of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine, and Béatrix de Cusance. He was given the Principality of Commercy in 1708 by his cousin Leopold, Duke of Lorraine. He was also the Count of Falkenstein.
DRIEMS Ground
Dhaneswar Rath Institute of Engineering and Management Sciences Ground is located in the city of Cuttack, Odisha, India.

It is currently used by the Board of Control for Cricket in India and Odisha Cricket Association for Women's One Day Internationals and First Class matches.  The stadium is currently used as the home ground for India national women's cricket team and two Indian domestic cricket team, Odisha and East Zone. Dhaneswar Rath Institute of Engineering and Management Sciences Ground has hosted 3 ODI matches with the host team India of 2013 Women's Cricket World Cup.

East Zone cricket team
The East Zone cricket team is a first-class cricket team that represents eastern India in the Duleep Trophy and Deodhar Trophy. It is a composite team of six first-class Indian teams from eastern India competing in the Ranji Trophy: Assam, Bihar, Bengal (West Bengal), Jharkhand, Odisha and Tripura.

East Zone has won the Duleep Trophy twice in the 2011/12 and 2012/13 seasons, as well as the Deodhar Trophy four times in the 1992/93, 1993/94, 1996/97 and 2003/04 seasons.
Jack McMillan (Australian footballer)
John Angus McMillan (22 September 1912 – 1 August 1969) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Footscray in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

McMillan, a full-forward, kicked a club record 119 goals for Hastings in 1934. He left Mornington Peninsula Football League for the VFL two years later and had an immediate impact.

On his debut, against North Melbourne at Arden Street, he kicked a seven-goal haul. This equaled the VFL record, held by George Moloney and Ernie Sellars. He continued this form with five goals the following week but his run soon ended when he broke a wrist. After he recovered from his injury, McMillan returned, but only to the seconds. He was a member of Footscray's 1936 seconds premiership winning team.

Hastings Football Club
The Hastings Football & Netball Club, nicknamed the Blues, is an Australian rules football and netball club based in Hastings, Victoria. The football squad plays in the Mornington Peninsula Nepean Football League (MPNFL) and has won 22 Senior Premierships since its first season in 1887.

At the end of the 2018 season, Hastings finished 6th with 10 wins and 8 losses. In the 2019 season, ex Carlton and Brisbane player Brendan Fevola will play for Hastings. He is expected to play against Tyabb in his debut match for the club.
Suzuka 1000 km
The Suzuka 1000km, also known as the Suzuka Summer Endurance Race, is an annual sports car endurance race that has been held at the Suzuka Circuit in Mie Prefecture, Japan since 1966. The race has been held as part of the SRO Intercontinental GT Challenge since 2018.

The Suzuka 1000km has been held 49 times from 1966 to 2025, as both a standalone endurance race and as part of numerous domestic and international sports car racing championships including the Intercontinental GT Challenge, Super GT Series, FIA GT Championship, All-Japan Sports Prototype Championship, and World Sportscar Championship.

Pokka
POKKA SAPPORO Food & Beverage Ltd. (ポッカサッポロフード&ビバレッジ株式会社, Pokka Sapporo Fūdo & Bibarejji Kabushiki gaisha) is a corporation headquartered in Sapporo, Japan, which sells canned or bottled coffee, flavored tea and an assortment of other beverages.

Pokka is owned by Sapporo Holdings, Japan's fourth largest brewer by volume and makers of Yebisu and Sleeman.
Nitrate chlorides
Nitrate chlorides are mixed anion compounds that contain both nitrate (NO3−) and chloride (Cl−) ions. Various compounds are known, including amino acid salts, and also complexes from iron group, rare-earth, and actinide metals. Complexes are not usually identified as nitrate chlorides, and would be termed chlorido nitrato complexes.

Iron group
In chemistry and physics, the iron group refers to elements that are in some way related to iron; mostly in period (row) 4 of the periodic table. The term has different meanings in different contexts.

In chemistry, the term is largely obsolete, but it often means iron, cobalt, and nickel, also called the iron triad;. It may sometimes refer to other elements that resemble iron in some chemical aspects, such as the stable group 8 elements (Fe, Ru, Os).

In astrophysics and nuclear physics, the term is still quite common, and it typically means those three plus chromium and manganese—five elements that are exceptionally abundant, both on Earth and elsewhere in the universe, compared to their neighbors in the periodic table. Titanium and vanadium are also produced in Type Ia supernovae.