hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antiochus (physician)
Antiochus (Ancient Greek: Ἀντίοχος) was a physician of ancient Greece who appears to have lived at Rome in the 2nd century AD. The ancient physician Galen gives a precise account of the food he used to eat and the way in which he lived, and tells us that by paying attention to his diet he was able to dispense with the use of medicines, and when upwards of eighty years old used to visit his patients on foot. Byzantine Greek medical writer Aëtius of Amida and Paulus Aegineta quote a prescription which may perhaps belong to this physician, but he is probably not the person mentioned by Galen under the name "Antiochus Philometor".

Rhomaioi
Rhomaioi or Romaioi (Ῥωμαῖοι) were the Greek-speaking inhabitants of Southern Europe and Western Asia that identified as Romans starting from Late Antiquity. Although modern scholarship commonly refers to these populations as Byzantines, Eastern Romans, or Byzantine Greeks, they consistently understood their identity as Roman, rooted in imperial continuity, the Christian faith, and the Greek language and culture. Over time, Rhōmaios became closely associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church as well as Greek speech, and the identity continued in use among Greek Orthodox communities after the fall of Constantinople in 1453.
Lisa Otto
Lisa Otto (14 November 1919 – 18 September 2013) was a German operatic soprano, particularly associated with soubrette and light coloratura soprano roles.

Born in Dresden, she studied there at the Musikhochschule with Susanne Steinmetz-Prée. She made her debut, as Sophie in Der Rosenkavalier, in 1941 at the Silesian Opera in Beuthen, where she remained until 1944. She then sang in Nuremberg (1944–45), Dresden (1945–51), and joined the Berlin State Opera in 1951, where she was to remain until 1985.

She is best known for soubrette roles in Mozart's operas, such as Blondchen, Susanna, Zerlina, Despina, and Papagena. Other notables roles included the First Lady, Marzelline, Ännchen, Zerline, Echo, etc. She took part in the creation of Giselher Klebe's Alkmene and Hans Werner Henze's Der junge Lord. She made guest appearances at the Vienna State Opera, the Salzburg Festival, La Scala in Milan, the Paris Opera, and the Glyndebourne Festival Opera.

Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber
The Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber (or Dresden University of Music Carl Maria von Weber; also/formerly known as Dresden Conservatory or Dresden Royal Conservatory) is a university of music in Dresden, Germany.
Cancer Culture
Cancer Culture is the eighth studio album by Polish death metal band Decapitated. It was released on 27 May 2022 by Nuclear Blast. The band announced the album on March 17, 2022, and also released its title track. They also revealed the album would feature guest performances from members of Jinjer and Machine Head. It is the band's first album to feature drummer James Stewart, and their last to feature singer Rafał "Rasta" Piotrowski before departing the band in October 2024.

Jinjer
Jinjer (/ˈdʒɪndʒər/ "ginger") is a Ukrainian metalcore band from Donetsk, formed in 2008. None of the founding members remain with the band. The current lineup considers 2009 as its official year of formation, with the arrival of singer Tatiana Shmayluk and guitarist Roman Ibramkhalilov. The band has since added bassist Eugene Abdukhanov and drummer Vladislav Ulasevich. Their fifth studio album, Duél, was released in February 2025.
AD 145
Year 145 (CXLV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Hadrianus and Caesar (or, less frequently, year 898 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 145 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Emperor Chong of Han
Emperor Chong of Han (Chinese: 漢冲帝; pinyin: Hàn Chōng Dì; Wade–Giles: Han Ch'ung-ti; 143 – 15 February 145) was an emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty and the ninth emperor of the Eastern Han period.

Emperor Chong was the only son of Emperor Shun.  He ascended the throne at the age of one and reigned less than six months. During his reign,  Empress Dowager Liang and her brother Liang Ji presided over all government affairs. While the empress dowager herself appeared to be open-minded and honest, she overly trusted her corrupt brother, and this led to corruptions and as a result the peasants suffered greatly.

Emperor Chong died in February 145. He was just two years old.
Violin Concerto (Rubinstein)
The Violin Concerto in G major, Op. 46, is the sole violin concerto by Anton Rubinstein.

Written in the Romantic style in 1857, when the composer was 28 years old, it was published by C.F. Peters in 1859 with a dedication to violinist Henryk Wieniawski.

The work makes virtuoso demands of its soloist; and its character is more German in the tradition of Mendelssohn than Russian, likely all factors in its failure to claim a place in the standard repertory.

August Wilhelmj arranged the concerto in an edition for violin with orchestra or piano. According to Goby Eberhardt, who studied with Wilhelmj, Rubinstein was displeased with Wilhelmj's arrangement.

Romantic music
Romantic music is a stylistic movement in Western Classical music associated with the period of the 19th century commonly referred to as the Romantic era (or Romantic period). It is closely related to the broader concept of Romanticism—the intellectual, artistic, and literary movement that became prominent in Western culture from about 1798 until 1837.

Romantic composers sought to create music that was individualistic, emotional, dramatic, and often programmatic; reflecting broader trends within the movements of Romantic literature, poetry, art, and philosophy. Romantic music was often ostensibly inspired by (or else sought to evoke) non-musical stimuli, such as nature, literature, poetry, super-natural elements, or the fine arts. It included features such as increased chromaticism and moved away from traditional forms.
Christmas boobook
The Christmas boobook (Ninox natalis), also known as the Christmas hawk owl, Christmas Island boobook or Christmas Island hawk owl, is a species of owl in the family Strigidae.

Closely related to the hawk-owls of genus Ninox, which occur in Southeast Asia and Australia, N. natalis was first classified at species level by J.J.Lister in 1888. It was not until 1998, however, that DNA testing confirmed its status as a separate species from other owls.

Strigidae
The true owls or typical owls (family Strigidae) are one of the two generally accepted families of owls, the other being the barn owls and bay owls (Tytonidae).  This large family comprises 230 living or recently extinct species in 24 genera. The Strigidae owls have a cosmopolitan distribution and are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Sally-Anne Russell
Sally-Anne Russell is an Australian opera singer. Russell is a mezzo-soprano and has performed nationally and in the USA, Britain and New Zealand.

Together with Sara Macliver, Russell earned nominations for the 2004 and 2005 ARIA Awards for Best Classical Album for their albums Bach Arias and Duets and Baroque Duets.

Russell and Mario Dobernig are co-artistic directors of the Albury Chamber Music Festival, and is also a member of the Kathaumixw Festival International Artistic Council in Powell River, British Columbia, Canada, and the Belvedere International Singing Competition, Vienna.

ARIA Award for Best Classical Album
The ARIA Music Award for Best Classical Album, is an award presented within the Fine Arts Awards at the annual ARIA Music Awards. The ARIA Awards recognise "the many achievements of Aussie artists across all music genres", and have been given by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) since 1987.

Classical albums by Australian solo artists and groups are eligible, as well as Australian featured artists or soloists involved with non-Australian ensembles or orchestras (providing the album packaging credits the Australian/s as the featured artist/s). It is judged by a specialist judging school of between 40 and 100 representatives experienced with classical music.

The Australian Brandenburg Orchestra has received the award five times. The Australian Chamber Orchestra has been a three-time winner, with the ACO's Richard Tognetti receiving a further two awards for his solo violin recordings.
2008 Indian floods
The 2008 Indian floods were a series of floods in various states of India during the 2008 monsoon season. The floods mostly affected the western regions of Maharashtra state and Andhra Pradesh as well as northern Bihar. In India, the monsoon season generally lasts from June to September.

According to the Ministry of Home Affairs (India)'s disaster management unit, the countrywide death toll from floods in various states was 2,404 between June and September.

Madhepura
Madhepura is a municipality in Madhepura district in the Indian state of Bihar. It stands at the centre of the Kosi ravine. It was called Madhyapura- a place centrally situated, which was subsequently transformed into Madhipura, present Madhepura. It is surrounded by Araria and Supaul districts in the north, Khagaria and Bhagalpur districts in the south, Purnia district in the east and Saharsa district in the West. Baba Singheshwar Sthan, a famous Shiva temple and pilgrimage site, is located in Madhepura district and attracts devotees, especially during the month of Shravan.
Willem Iskander
Willem Iskander (1840–1876) was an Indonesian writer, nationalist, teacher and educator. He advocated for native Indonesian education in Dutch colonial times from North Sumatra. He founded Teacher Education School (Dutch: Kweekschool Voor inlandsche onderwijzer) in 1862 in Tano Bato, Mandailing Natal Regency.

Native Indonesians
Native Indonesians, also known as Pribumi (lit. 'first on the soil'), are Indonesians whose ancestral roots lie mainly in the Indonesian archipelago and who belong to various ethnic groups, with the majority tracing their origins to Austronesian and Melanesian lineages. In contrast to pribumi are Indonesians with known  foreign ancestry, such as Chinese Indonesians, Arab Indonesians, Indian Indonesians, Japanese Indonesians, and Indo-Europeans (Eurasians).
Chicanery (Better Call Saul)
"Chicanery" is the fifth episode of the third season of the AMC television series Better Call Saul, the spinoff series of Breaking Bad. The episode aired on May 8, 2017, on AMC in the United States.

In the episode, the New Mexico Bar Association hears an argument over whether Jimmy McGill (Bob Odenkirk) should be disbarred over sabotaging a business partnership made by his brother, Chuck (Michael McKean). Jimmy and his co-counsel, Kim Wexler (Rhea Seehorn), attempt to prove that he lied on tape about sabotaging the deal in order to make Chuck feel better about his alleged condition of electromagnetic hypersensitivity.

Outside of the United States, the episode premiered on streaming service Netflix in several countries. It received universal critical acclaim, with many reviewers considering it the best episode of the series at its release.

Rhea Seehorn
Deborah Rhea Seehorn (born May 12, 1972) is an American actress and director. She is best known for playing Kim Wexler in the AMC legal crime drama series Better Call Saul (2015–2022) and Carol Sturka in the Apple TV science fiction thriller series Pluribus (2025–present).

Seehorn's performance in Better Call Saul won her a Television Critics Association Award for Individual Achievement in Drama, in addition to nominations for two Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series and three Critics' Choice Television Awards. For Cooper's Bar (2022–2023), which she also co-created and directed, she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Actress in a Short Form Comedy or Drama Series. For Pluribus, she earned a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama and a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Drama Series.
Sveti Đorđe, Ulcinj
Sveti Đorđe (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Свети Ђорђе; Albanian: Shëngjergj) is a village in the municipality of Ulcinj, Montenegro. It is located 15km northeast of Ulcinj, on the west bank of the Buna, on which the Montenegro–Albania border lies.

Ulcinj Municipality
Ulcinj Municipality (Montenegrin: Opština Ulcinj / Општина Улцињ, Albanian: Komuna e Ulqinit) is the southernmost municipality of Montenegro, bordered by Albania to the east, Bar Municipality to the north and Adriatic Sea to the south and the west. It has an area of 255 km², and a population of 19,921 as of the 2011 census. Its seat is the town of Ulcinj.
Electricity in Ukraine
Electricity is an important part of energy in Ukraine. Most electricity generation is nuclear, and the system is inflexible. The bulk of Energoatom output is sold to the government's "guaranteed buyer" to keep prices more stable for domestic customers. Until the 2010s all of Ukraine's nuclear fuel came from Russia, but now most does not.

Some electricity infrastructure was destroyed in the Russo-Ukrainian War, but wind farms, solar power and batteries are thought to be resilient because they are distributed. As of 2025 there is about a third of pre-invasion installed capacity. As of 2025 just over 2 GW can be imported from other European countries, but that is not enough to cover peak demand. Better air defence is needed,: 5  and many small gas-turbine generators are being installed to generate flexibly to reduce the blackouts being caused by Russian attacks. As of 2025 the Energy Ministry is prioritising decentralisation for energy security, such as rooftop solar with batteries.

District heating
District heating (also known as heat networks) is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location through a system of insulated pipes for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. The heat is often obtained from a cogeneration plant burning fossil fuels or biomass, but heat-only boiler stations, geothermal heating, heat pumps and central solar heating are also used, as well as heat waste from factories and nuclear power electricity generation. District heating plants can provide higher efficiencies and better pollution control than localized boilers. According to some research, district heating with combined heat and power (CHPDH) is the cheapest method of cutting carbon emissions, and has one of the lowest carbon footprints of all fossil generation plants.

District heating is ranked number 27 in Project Drawdown's 100 solutions to global warming.
BGO Records
BGO Records (Beat Goes On) is a British record label specializing in classic rock, blues, jazz, and folk music.

In 1965, Andy Gray opened Andy's Records and set up a market stall in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk. Year by year he opened up more shops. In 1987, he started the BGO label with Mike Gott. Gott left the label in 2004 to set up his own label, Gott Discs. However, Gott returned to BGO in late 2008.

Bury St Edmunds
Bury St Edmunds (/ˈbɛri sənt ˈɛdməndz/), commonly referred to locally as Bury, is a cathedral as well as market town and civil parish in the West Suffolk district, in the county of Suffolk, England. The town is best known for Bury St Edmunds Abbey and St Edmundsbury Cathedral. Bury is the seat of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich of the Church of England, with the episcopal see at St Edmundsbury Cathedral. The town, originally called Beodericsworth, was built on a grid pattern by Abbot Baldwin around 1080. It is known for brewing and malting (Greene King brewery) and for a British Sugar processing factory, where Silver Spoon sugar is produced. The town is the cultural and retail centre for West Suffolk and tourism is a major part of the economy. The built up area had a population of 41,280 at the 2021 census.
Peter Thomson (priest)
Peter Ashley Thomson AM (19 March 1936 – 15 January 2010) was an Australian Anglican priest, best known for influencing Tony Blair, the future British prime minister, while they were both at St John's College, Oxford. He also influenced Geoff Gallop, who later became Premier of Western Australia. His thought was deeply influenced by the Scottish philosopher John Macmurray.

Thomson studied for the priesthood at Ridley College, an evangelical theological college in Melbourne, but became more radical in his Christianity and passionate about politics as a way for Christians to achieve their social objectives.

After several jobs, Thomson attended Oxford to study for two years, where a group of undergraduates gathered around him and were influenced by his approach to politics. This group included both Blair and Gallop. Blair has stated that Thomson awakened his concern for a Christian approach to left-wing politics.

John Macmurray
John Macmurray MC (16 February 1891 – 21 June 1976) was a Scottish philosopher. His thought both moved beyond and was critical of the modern tradition, whether rationalist or empiricist. His thought may be classified as personalist, as his writings focused primarily on the nature of human beings. He viewed persons in terms of their relationality and agency, rather than the modern tendency to characterize them in terms of individualism and cognition.

He made contributions in the fields of political science, religion, education, and philosophy in a long career of writing, teaching, and public speaking. After retirement he became a Quaker.
Ian Wilson (actor)
Ian Macrae Hamish Wilson (2 July 1901 – December 1987) was an English small role actor who appeared in over 145 films during his career. Most were small uncredited roles often playing meek public servants, professional men or busy bodies. Film appearances included The Plank 1967, The Day of the Triffids 1962, Carry On Jack 1963, Two-Way Stretch 1960, Hell Drivers 1957, The Ugly Duckling 1959 and Rotten to the Core 1965. His first film appearance was in the silent A Master of Craft in 1922, and his last was in The Wicker Man in 1973. Several of his films were made by the Boulting brothers, who considered him a "good luck charm."
Wilson died in December 1987 in Devon.

Boulting brothers
John Edward Boulting (21 December 1913 – 17 June 1985) and Roy Alfred Clarence Boulting (21 December 1913 – 5 November 2001), known collectively as the Boulting brothers, were English filmmakers and identical twins who became known for their series of satirical comedies in the 1950s and 1960s. They produced many of their films through their own production company, Charter Film Productions, which they founded in 1937.
Severočeši.cz
Severočeši.cz (English: North Bohemians.cz) is a regionalist political party in the Czech Republic. It operates in the Ústí nad Labem Region of northern Bohemia.

The party won two seats in the Senate in the 2010 election: Jaroslav Doubrava in Ústí nad Labem and Alena Dernerová in Most.

Ústí nad Labem
Ústí nad Labem (Czech pronunciation: [ˈuːsciː nad ˈlabɛm] ⓘ; German: Aussig) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants and is the capital of the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is a major industrial centre and, besides being an active river port, is an important railway junction.
Cameron Nicholson
General Sir Cameron Gordon Graham Nicholson, GCB, KBE, DSO & Bar, MC & Bar (30 June 1898 – 7 July 1979) was a British Army officer who served as Adjutant-General to the Forces. He later served as Governor of the Royal Hospital Chelsea.

Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
The Royal Military Academy (RMA) at Woolwich, in south-east London, was a British Army military academy for the training of commissioned officers of the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers. It later also trained officers of the Royal Corps of Signals and other technical corps. RMA Woolwich was commonly known as "The Shop" because its first building was a converted workshop of the Woolwich Arsenal.
Kemano
Kemano was a settlement situated 75 km (47 mi) southeast of Kitimat in the province of British Columbia in Canada. It was built to service a hydroelectric power station, built to provide energy for Alcan to smelt aluminum from its ore. The Kemano Generating Station is built 427 m (1,400 ft) inside the base of Mt Dubose in a blasted cavern. It produces 896 MW of power from its eight generators, each of which has a capacity of 112MW.

Alcan
Alcan was a Canadian mining company and aluminum manufacturer. It was founded in 1902 as the Northern Aluminum Company, renamed Aluminum Company of Canada in 1925, and Alcan Aluminum in 1966. It was rebranded once more in 2001, to Alcan Incorporated. During that time, it grew to become one of the world's largest aluminum manufacturers.

Alcan was purchased by Australian-British multinational Rio Tinto for $38 billion in 2007, becoming Rio Tinto Alcan Inc. in 2008. It was headquartered in Montreal, in its Maison Alcan complex.
Mandali Puja
Mandali Puja is a celebration in Chimkhola and nearby villages in the Dhawalagiri Zone of west-central Nepal. It is celebrated annually on a Tuesday in the month of Mangsir (the eighth month of the Nepalese calendar), after the Marghashirsha (the first month of winter) Sukla Pratipada with a black she-goat (if possible). It may also be observed individually throughout the year on Ujjali (Tuesday) of any month. Mandali Puja is observed to appeal for a cure from illness, relief of misfortune, and success in foreign travel. Women who wish to become doctors believe that if they make an offering, 75% of them will be successful. The offering was originally a goat, but since 2025 BS (1968 AD) a pair of pigeons are also used. A comb, thread, ribbon, mirror and a sari are offered to the goddess. She is believed to be very powerful, so she is worshipped by people from different places.

Shakti
Shakti (Devanagari: शक्ति, IAST: Śakti; lit. 'energy, ability, strength, effort, power, might, capability') in Hinduism, is the "Universal Power" that underlies and sustains all existence. Conceived as feminine in essence, Shakti as devi refers to the personified energy or power of a male deity, often personified as the complementary force of the given Hindu god.

In Tantric Shaktism, Shakti is the foremost deity, akin to Brahman. In Puranic Hinduism, Shiva and Shakti are the masculine and feminine principles that are complementary to each other. The female deity is prakriti, the active, dynamic and creative principle. The male deity is purusha, the passive, unchanging and observing principle. The interaction of both principles is what creates the universe.

The term Shakta is used for the description of people associated with Shakti worship. The Shakta pithas are shrines, which are believed to be the sacred seats of Shakti.
Honda N-Box
The Honda N-Box (Japanese: ホンダ・N-BOX, Honda Enubokkusu) (corporately styled as N-BOX) is a kei car produced by Honda since 2011 over three generations. A Japanese domestic market vehicle, the N-Box is a five-door minivan with a front-mounted engine and either front-wheel drive or four-wheel drive. Together with the N-WGN, N-One and N-Van, it is part of the renewed N lineup of kei class city cars from Honda. The "N" prefix was previously used for the late 1960s and 1970s N360; originally it stood for norimono which loosely translates to vehicle. For the new N lineup, the "N" represented New, Next, Nippon, and Norimono.

As of December 2019, the N-Box has been the best-selling car in Japan for 28 consecutive months. As of 2019, 1.7 million units had been sold since its introduction.

Litter (vehicle)
The litter is a class of wheelless vehicles, a type of human-powered transport, for the transport of people. Smaller litters may take the form of open chairs or beds carried by two or more carriers, some being enclosed for protection from the elements. Larger litters, for example those of the Chinese emperors, may resemble small rooms upon a platform borne upon the shoulders of a dozen or more people. To most efficiently carry a litter, porters either place the carrying poles directly upon their shoulders or use a yoke to transfer the load from the carrying poles to the shoulders.