hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bolon Kʼawiil II
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Bolon Kʼawiil II was a Maya king of Calakmul (>771-789?>). His monuments are Stelae 57 and 58 in his city.

Stele 88, an AD 751 monument of the just-previous ruler apparently depicting his queen, carries a mention of Bolon Kʼawiil; the same name appears on a block of hieroglyphic stairway recently recovered from Structure 13, dating to just after 751. This is apparently the same Bolon Kʼawiil who erected Stelae 57 and 58 on the east side of Structure 13 to mark 9.17.0.0.0—the end of the seventeenth kʼatun—in 771.

Kʼatun
A kʼatun (/ˈkɑːtuːn/, Mayan pronunciation: [kʼaˈtun]) is a unit of time in the Maya calendar equal to 20 tuns or 7200 days, equivalent to 19.713 tropical years. It is the second digit on the normal Maya long count date. For example, in the Maya Long Count date 12.19.13.15.12 (December 5, 2006), the number 19 is the kʼatun. There are 20 k'atuns in a baktun.

The end of a kʼatun was marked by numerous ceremonies and, at Tikal, the construction of large twin pyramid complexes to host them. The kʼatun was also used to reckon the age of rulers. Those who lived to see four (or five) kʼatuns would take the title 4-(or 5-)kʼatun ruler. In the Postclassic period when the full Long Count gave way to the Short Count, the Maya continued to keep a reckoning of kʼatuns, differentiating them by the Calendar Round date on which they began. Each kʼatun had its own set of prophecies and associations.
Disulfurous acid
Disulfurous acid, metabisulfurous acid or pyrosulfurous acid is an oxoacid of sulfur with the formula H2S2O5. Its structure is HO−S(=O)2−S(=O)−OH. The salts of disulfurous acid are called disulfites or metabisulfites. Disulfurous acid is, like sulfurous acid (H2SO3), a phantom acid, which does not exist in the free state. In contrast to disulfate (S2O2−7), disulfite has two directly connected sulfur atoms. The oxidation state of the sulfur atom bonded to three oxygen atoms is +5 and its valence is 6, while that of the other sulfur is +3 and 4 respectively.

Pyrosulfate
In chemistry, disulfate or pyrosulfate is the anion with the molecular formula S2O2−7. Disulfate is the IUPAC name. 
It has a dichromate-like structure and can be visualised as two corner-sharing SO4 tetrahedra, with a bridging oxygen atom. 
In this anion, sulfur has an oxidation state of +6. Disulfate is the conjugate base of the hydrogen disulfate (hydrogen pyrosulfate) ion HS2O−7, which in turn is the conjugate base of disulfuric acid (pyrosulfuric acid).
Effective hand strength algorithm
Effective Hand Strength (EHS) is a poker algorithm conceived by computer scientists Darse Billings, Denis Papp, Jonathan Schaeffer and Duane Szafron that was published for the first time in the research paper (1998). "Opponent Modeling in Poker" (PDF). AAAI-98 Proceedings.

It has since then been considered as a reference in the realm of poker artificial intelligence and has been the basis of further research such as:

Rubin, Jonathan; Watson, Ian (April 2011). "Computer poker: A review" (PDF). Artificial Intelligence. 175 (5–6): 958–987. doi:10.1016/j.artint.2010.12.005.

Schuijtvlot, Erwin (2011). Application of AI in poker (PDF) (Master's thesis). Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. pp. 12–13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-22.

Advances in Artificial Intelligence - SBIA 2008. 2008. pp. 85–86. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-88190-2.

Jonathan Schaeffer
Jonathan Herbert Schaeffer FRSC (born 1957) is a Canadian researcher, Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Alberta, and a former Canada Research Chair in Artificial Intelligence.

He led the team that wrote Chinook, the world's strongest American checkers player, after some relatively good results in writing computer chess programs. He is involved in the University of Alberta GAMES group developing computer poker systems. Schaeffer is also a member of the research group that created Polaris, a program designed to play the Texas Hold'em variant of poker. He is a Founder of Onlea, which produces online learning experiences, and he is the founder and CEO of Synsira Software Solutions, Inc., that develops desktop software for private AI analysis.
Nebula Award Stories 7
Nebula Award Stories 7 is an anthology of award-winning science fiction short works edited by Lloyd Biggle, Jr. It was first published in the United Kingdom in hardcover by Gollancz in November 1972. The first American edition was published by Harper & Row in January 1973; a Science Fiction Book Club edition, also in hardcover, followed in March of the same year. Paperback editions followed from Harrow Books in the U.S. in 1973, and Panther in the U.K. in December 1974. The American editions bore the variant title Nebula Award Stories Seven. The book has also been published in German.

Poul Anderson
Poul William Anderson (/ˈpoʊəl/ POH-əl; November 25, 1926 – July 31, 2001) was an American fantasy and science fiction author who was active from the 1940s until his death in 2001. Anderson also wrote historical novels. He won the Hugo Award seven times and the Nebula Award three times, and was nominated many more times for awards.
Nevill baronets
There have been two baronetcies created for persons with the surname Nevill, both in the Baronetage of England. Both creations are extinct.

The Nevill baronetcy, of Holt in the County of Leicester, was created in the Baronetage of England on 25 May 1661 for Thomas Nevill. The title became extinct on his death in 1712.

The Nevill baronetcy, of Grove in the County of Nottingham, was created in the Baronetage of England on 24 February 1675 for Edward Nevill, subsequently Member of Parliament for East Retford. He was a descendant of Sir Robert Nevill, of Eldon, fourth son of Ralph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville de Raby (great-uncle of Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland). Nevill was childless and the title became extinct on his death in 1685.

Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland
Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland KG PC Earl Marshal (c. 1364 – 21 October 1425), was an English nobleman of the House of Neville. Elevated to the earldom by Richard II, he later supported his brother-in-law Henry of Lancaster in deposing the king and became a key supporter of the Lancastrian dynasty. As a royal kinsman through his marriage to Joan Beaufort, he was rewarded with high offices, including Earl Marshal, and played a central role in northern politics and border warfare with Scotland.
Opel Tigra
The Opel Tigra name has been applied to two different cars engineered and produced by the German automaker Opel, both based on different iterations of the Corsa supermini, the first built in Spain, the second in France. The first Tigra was a small 2+2 coupé, produced from 1994 to 2000. The later compact hard topped convertible roadster model was introduced in May 2004.

The Tigra was sold in the United Kingdom as the Vauxhall Tigra, in Australia as the Holden Tigra, and in Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico as the Chevrolet Tigra.

B-segment
The B-segment is the second smallest of the European segments for passenger cars between the A-segment and C-segment, and commonly described as "small cars". The B-segment is the third largest segment in Europe by sales volume, accounting for 15.5% percent of total car sales in 2024 according to JATO Dynamics. B-segment cars include hatchback, saloon, estate, coupe/convertible, MPV, and crossover/SUV body styles.

The B-segment is considered as the European equivalent to the subcompact category widely known in North America, the A0-class in China, and the supermini category for B-segment hatchbacks in Great Britain.
Lee Ingram
Lee Royston Ingram (born 10 January 1965) is a former English cricketer.  Ingram was a right-handed batsman who bowled left-arm fast-medium.  He was born at Cambridge, Cambridgeshire.

Ingram played a single Minor Counties Championship fixture for Cambridgeshire against Staffordshire in 1984.

In 1999 he made his List-A debut for Huntingdonshire against Bedfordshire in the 1st round of the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  He played 2 further List-A matches for the county, firstly in the 1st round of the 2000 NatWest Trophy against a Hampshire Cricket Board side and lastly in the 2nd round of the same competition against a Yorkshire Cricket Board side.  In his 3 List-A matches, he scored 18 runs at a batting average of 9.00 and a high score of 13. With the ball he took 3 wickets at a bowling average of 33.00, with best figures of 1/26.

Yorkshire Cricket Board
The Yorkshire Cricket Board is the governing body for all recreational cricket in the historic county of Yorkshire.

From 1999 to 2003 the Board fielded a team in the English domestic one-day tournament, matches which had List A status.
Joint Council for Qualifications
The Joint Council for Qualifications (JCQ) is a community interest company acting as a single voice for the eight largest qualification providers in the United Kingdom , offering GCSE, GCE, Scottish Highers and vocationally related qualifications: AQA, CCEA, City & Guilds, Edexcel, NCFE, Cambridge OCR, SQA and WJEC. The JCQ closely monitors examination administration, the invigilation of examinations (exams) at individual schools and other centres, and the activities of examination officers.

Edexcel
Edexcel (also known since 2013 as Pearson Edexcel) is a British multinational education and examination body formed in 1996 and wholly owned by Pearson plc since 2005. It is the only privately owned examination board in the United Kingdom. Its name is a portmanteau term combining the words education and excellence.

Edexcel regulates school examinations under the British Curriculum and offers qualifications for schools on the international and regional scale. It is the UK's largest awarding organisation offering academic and vocational qualifications in schools, colleges and work places in the UK and abroad. It is also recognised internationally. In 2019, Edexcel was the focus of significant controversy following a leak of an A-level examination.
Israeli pavilion
The Israeli pavilion houses Israel's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals. Jewish Israeli artists first participated in the 24th Venice Biennale in the Erez Israel, Artisti Palestinesi pavilion. Israel first participated in the 25th Venice Biennale in 1950.

Yitzhak Frenkel
Yitzhak Frenkel (Hebrew: יצחק פרנקל; 1899–1981), also known as Isaac Frenkel or Alexandre Frenel, was an Israeli painter, sculptor and teacher.  He was one of the leading Jewish artists of the l’École de Paris and its chief practitioner in Israel, gaining international recognition during his lifetime.

Frenkel is considered the father of modern Israeli art. He is accredited with bringing the influence of the l’École de Paris to Israel, which until then was dominated by Orientalism.

Throughout his life he lived and worked in Portugal, South Africa, France, Odessa and Israel (especially in Tel Aviv and Safed).

He died in Tel Aviv in 1981 and was buried in Safed.
Desmond: Here I AM
Desmond: Here I AM is a jazz compilation album issued by the Fresh Sound label in 2015. It contains the first two record releases of alto saxophonist Paul Desmond as a leader: Paul Desmond Quintet with The Bill Bates Singers, a 10-inch vinyl record from 1954, and Paul Desmond Quartet Featuring Don Elliott, a 12-inch from 1956, both originally released on the label Fantasy Records.

The album features different lineups led by Desmond, including highlights musicians like tenor saxophonist Dave van Kriedt, trumpeter Don Elliott, guitarist Barney Kessel, drummer Joe Dodge, and bassists Norman Bates and Bob Bates.

The repertoire consists of original compositions by Desmond, Elliott and van Kriedt, as well as a handful of standards, including songs authored by Tom Adair, J. Fred Coots, Matt Dennis, B.G. DeSylva, James Dyrenforth, Carroll Gibbons, Haven Gillespie, Jerome Kern, Gerry Mulligan, and the brothers George and Ira Gershwin.

J. Fred Coots
John Frederick Coots, better known as J. Fred Coots or Fred Coots, (May 2, 1897 – April 8, 1985) was an American songwriter. He composed more than 700 popular songs and more than a dozen Broadway shows. In 1934, Coots wrote the melody with his then chief collaborator, lyricist Haven Gillespie, for the biggest success of either man's career, "Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town." The song became one of the biggest sellers in American history.

In 1934, when Gillespie brought him the lyrics to "Santa Claus Is Coming To Town", Coots developed the outline of the melody in just ten minutes. Coots took the song to his publisher, Leo Feist, who liked it but thought it was "a kids' song" and didn't expect too much from it.  Coots offered the song to Eddie Cantor who used it for his radio show that November and it became an instant success. The morning after the radio show there were orders for 100,000 copies of sheet music and by Christmas sales had passed 400,000.
Foote Islands
The Foote Islands (66°12′S 66°12′W﻿ / ﻿66.200°S 66.200°W﻿ / -66.200; -66.200) are a small group of snow-capped islands and several rocks, lying 12 nautical miles (22 km) southeast of Cape Leblond, Lavoisier Island, in Crystal Sound. They were mapped from air photos obtained by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (1947–48) and surveys by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) (1958–59). They were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Brian L.H. Foote, a FIDS radio mechanic at Arthur Harbour (1957) and a surveyor at Detaille Island (1958), who made surveys of the Crystal Sound area.

Crystal Sound
Crystal Sound (66°23′S 66°30′W﻿ / ﻿66.383°S 66.500°W﻿ / -66.383; -66.500) is a sound in Antarctica between the southern part of the Biscoe Islands and the coast of Graham Land, with northern limit Cape Evensen to Cape Leblond and southern limit Holdfast Point, Roux Island, Liard Island and the Sillard Islands. It was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 because many features in the sound are named for men who have undertaken research on the structure of ice crystals. 
To the north of Crystal Sound, many geographical features are named after physiologists.
Polygamy in Vietnam
Polygamy was officially criminalized in Vietnam during the 1950s, and under current law is punishable by imprisonment of up to three years, depending on the severity of the offense.. Polygamy is reportedly no longer practiced in the country, though has had its roots in the past among the Hmong people. Polygamous marriages are prohibited by Article 64 of the Constitution, which stipulates that a lawful marriage must be monogamous.. Article 2 and 5 of the Law on Marriage and Family (2014), passed by the National Assembly, prohibits marriages, cohabitation, or relationships as husband and wife involving individuals who are already married.

Hmong people
The Hmong people (RPA: Hmoob, CHV: Hmôngz, Nyiakeng Puachue: 𞄀𞄩𞄰, Pahawh Hmong: 𖬌𖬣𖬵, IPA: [m̥ɔ̃́], Chinese: 苗族蒙人) are an ethnic group from East and Southeast Asia. In China, the Hmong people are classified as a sub-group of the Miao people. The modern Hmong reside mainly in Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar. There are also diaspora communities in the United States, Australia, France, and South America.
Fire (Part 1)
"Fire" (Part 1)  is the season premiere of the fourth season of the American police drama television series Homicide: Life on the Street. It originally aired on NBC on October 20, 1995. The episode was written by Julie Martin (from a story by Tom Fontana and Henry Bromell) and was directed by Tim Hunter. The two-part story centres on Pembleton and Bayliss' investigation into a pair of arson-related homicides, and introduces a new regular character, Arson Squad detective Mike Kellerman (played by Reed Diamond), who subsequently transfers to Homicide and partners with Det. Meldrick Lewis. This episode also flagged the permanent departure of regular characters Stanley Bolander (Ned Beatty) and Beau Felton (Daniel Baldwin).

Reed Diamond
Reed Edward Diamond (born July 20, 1967) is an American actor. He is known for the roles of Det. Mike Kellerman on Homicide: Life on the Street, Jason Pillar in season 8 of 24, and recurring character Laurence Dominic on Dollhouse. He also appeared in The Shield, Journeyman, Bones, The Mentalist, Franklin & Bash, and Underground. He had a recurring role on the first two seasons of Designated Survivor as John Foerstel, Director of the FBI, and portrayed Daniel Whitehall / Werner Reinhardt in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.
Alton Montgomery
Alton Montgomery (born June 16, 1968) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback and kick returner  in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Denver Broncos in the second round of the 1990 NFL draft, where he played for three years. In 1993, he was signed by the Atlanta Falcons where he played until 1996.

1990 NFL draft
The 1990 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 22–23, 1990, at the Marriott Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

The Dallas Cowboys would have had the first overall pick in the draft for the second consecutive year by virtue of their league-worst 1–15 record in 1989. However, the Cowboys forfeited their first-round pick by selecting quarterback Steve Walsh in the first round of the previous year's supplemental draft. The first pick instead went to the Atlanta Falcons, who traded it to the Indianapolis Colts. The Colts then used the first overall pick to select quarterback Jeff George.
Kvirike Mosque
The Kvirike Mosque (Georgian: კვირიკეს ჯამე, romanized: k'virik'es jame) is a Friday mosque in Kvirike, Adjara, an autonomous entity in southwest Georgia. Completed in 1861, it is one of the oldest surviving mosques in Adjara. The building is abundantly adorned with decorative wooden carvings. The mosque is inscribed on the list of the Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance of Georgia.

Adjara
Adjara (Georgian: აჭარა Ach’ara [at͡ʃʼara] ⓘ) or Achara, officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara (Georgian: აჭარის ავტონომიური რესპუბლიკა Ach’aris Avt’onomiuri Resp’ublik’a [atʃʼaris avtʼonomiuri respʼublikʼa] ⓘ), is a political-administrative region of Georgia. It is in the country's southwestern corner, on the coast of the Black Sea, near the foot of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, north of Turkey. It is an important tourist destination and includes Georgia's second most populous city of Batumi as its capital. About 401,100 people live on its 2,880 km2 (1,110 sq mi).

Adjara is home to the Adjarians, a regional subgroup of Georgians. The name can be spelled in a number of ways: Ajara, Ajaria, Adjaria, Adzharia, Atchara and Achara. Under the Soviet Union, Adjara was part of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic as the Adjarian ASSR. The autonomous status of Adjara is guaranteed under article 6 of the Treaty of Kars.
Mont Foster (film)
Mont Foster is a Canadian drama film, directed by Louis Godbout and released in 2019. Freely adapted from the poem Erlkönig by Goethe, the film stars Patrick Hivon and Laurence Leboeuf as Mathieu and Chloé, a couple spending time at an isolated cabin in the country, where Chloé slips into insanity after seeing and hearing strange visions.

The cast also includes Lucie Laurier, Émile Proulx-Cloutier and Laurent Lucas.

The film premiered in October 2019 at the São Paulo International Film Festival, before having its Canadian premiere in March 2020 at the Rendez-vous Québec Cinéma.

The film received a Prix Iris nomination at the 22nd Quebec Cinema Awards in 2021 for Best Actor (Hivon).

Patrick Hivon
Patrick Hivon (born July 5, 1975) is a Canadian actor from Montreal, Quebec.

He was a Jutra Award nominee for Best Supporting Actor at the 17th Jutra Awards in 2015 for Guardian Angel (L'Ange gardien), a Gémeaux Award nominee as Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series in 2015 for Nouvelle adresse, a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Supporting Actor at the 4th Canadian Screen Awards in 2016 for Ville-Marie, and a Prix Iris nominee for Best Actor at the 21st Quebec Cinema Awards in 2019 for We Are Gold (Nous sommes Gold), and at the 25th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2023 for Babysitter.

Hivon was primarily associated with stage and television roles, including the television series 2 frères, Rumeurs, Lance et compte and Providence, and theatre productions of Daniel Danis' Le Langue-à-langue des chiens de roche and Michel Marc Bouchard's Les feluettes, until landing his first major film role in the 2010 film Crying Out (À l'origine d'un cri).
Francesco Blasi
Francesco Blasi (born 18 November 1959) is an Italian Medical scientist and professor. His domain of research is respiratory medicine. He has been the president of European Respiratory Society (ERS) during 2012–13. He has served as the president of Italian Respiratory Society during 2015–17. He is presently serving as one of the board of directors of University of Milan and is the professor of respiratory medicine in department pathophysiology and transplantation in University of Milan.

Pulmonary function testing
Pulmonary function testing (PFT)  is a complete evaluation of the respiratory system including patient history, physical examinations, and tests of pulmonary function. The primary purpose of pulmonary function testing is to identify the severity of pulmonary impairment.  Pulmonary function testing has diagnostic and therapeutic roles and helps clinicians answer some general questions about patients with lung disease. PFTs are normally performed by a pulmonary function technologist, respiratory therapist, respiratory physiologist, physiotherapist, pulmonologist, or general practitioner.
Line 4 (Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano)
Line 4 is the fourth rail line of the Guadalajara Urban Electric Train System. It is 21.2 km (13.2 mi) long and will run from Las Juntas bus station of Mi Macro Calzada to the municipal capital of Tlajomulco. It is estimated that the number of daily passengers will be 106,000 passengers, and construction will cost 9.137 billion Mexican pesos (approximately 460 million U.S. Dollars). On December 15, 2025, line 4 of the SITEUR was inaugurated.

Guadalajara metropolitan area
The Guadalajara metropolitan area (officially, in Spanish: Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara) is the most populous metropolitan area of the Mexican state of Jalisco and the third largest in the country after Greater Mexico City and Monterrey. It includes the core municipality of Guadalajara and the surrounding municipalities of Zapopan, Tlaquepaque, Tonalá, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, El Salto, Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos and Juanacatlán.
Nam-seon
Nam-seon, also spelled Nam-sun, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Choe Nam-seon (1890–1957), Korean male historian and independence activist

Ryu Soo-young (born 1979 as Eo Nam-seon), South Korean male actor

Kim Nam-sun (born 1981), South Korean female handball player who competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics

Ch'oe Namsŏn
Ch'oe Namsŏn (Korean: 최남선; April 26, 1890 – October 10, 1957), also known by the Japanese pronunciation of his name Sai Nanzen, was a Korean historian, political activist, poet, and publisher who was best remembered as a leading member of the Korean independence movement.