hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Udaas Naslain
Udaas Naslain (translated into English as The Weary Generations) is an Urdu novel by Pakistani writer Abdullah Hussain. His debut novel, it led to his rise to prominence in Urdu literature. It won the Adamjee Literary Award in 1963, the year of its publication. It is considered as a masterpiece and one of the greatest novels in Urdu literature. It was translated into English and published in London in 1964/1999.

The original edition of the book had a cover by Abdur Rahman Chughtai. The English edition was translated by Asghar Nadeem Syed.

The book is a work of episodic fiction and focuses on the roughly 35 years leading up to the Partition of India.

Abdur Rahman Chughtai
Abdur Rahman Chughtai (21 September 1894 – 17 January 1975) was a Pakistani painter, artist, and intellectual, regarded as the national artist of Pakistan. He is accredited with establishing a distinctive painting style called the 'Chughtai Style', influenced by Mughal and Persian art, miniature painting, Art Nouveau and Islamic art traditions. He is considered to be 
'the first significant modern Muslim artist from Pakistan',

He was given the title of Khan Bahadur by the British Empire in British India in 1934, awarded Pakistan's Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Crescent of Excellence) Award in 1960, and the Pride of Performance Award in 1958 by the President of Pakistan.
England in Middle-earth
England and Englishness are represented in multiple forms within J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth writings; it appears, more or less thinly disguised, in the form of the Shire and the lands close to it; in kindly characters such as Treebeard, Faramir, and Théoden; in its industrialised state as Isengard and Mordor; and as Anglo-Saxon England in Rohan. Lastly, and most pervasively, Englishness appears in the words and behaviour of the hobbits, both in The Hobbit and in The Lord of the Rings.

Tolkien has often been supposed to have spoken of wishing to create "a mythology for England"; though it seems he never used the actual phrase, various commentators have found it appropriate as a description of much of his approach in creating Middle-earth, and the legendarium that lies behind The Silmarillion. His desire to create a national mythology echoed similar attempts in countries across Europe, especially Elias Lönnrot's creation of the Kalevala in Finland.

Humphrey Carpenter
Humphrey William Bouverie Carpenter (29 April 1946 – 4 January 2005) was an English biographer, writer, and radio broadcaster. He is known especially for his biographies of J. R. R. Tolkien and other members of the literary society the Inklings. He won a Mythopoeic Award for his book The Inklings in 1982.
Battle of Rivoli order of battle
In the Battle of Rivoli on 14 and 15 January 1797, the French Army of Italy led by Napoleon Bonaparte crushed the main Austrian army led by Jozsef Alvinczi. The battle occurred during the fourth Austrian attempt to relieve the Siege of Mantua. After crippling Alvinczi's army on the 14th, Bonaparte left Barthélemy Joubert and Gabriel Rey to finish off the Austrians and raced south with André Masséna to deal with a relief column led by Giovanni di Provera. On 16 January, Masséna, Pierre Augereau, and Jean Sérurier trapped Provera near the Mantua siege lines and forced his surrender.

Army of Italy (France)
The Army of Italy (French: Armée d'Italie) was a field army of the French Army stationed on the Italian border and used for operations in Italy itself. It is best known for its role during the French Revolutionary Wars (in which it was one of the early commands of Napoleon Bonaparte, during his Italian campaign) and the Napoleonic Wars.
Senna leptoclada
Senna leptoclada is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to Arnhem Land in northern Australia. It is a glaucous, erect to drooping shrub with pinnate leaves usually with two pairs of broadly elliptic leaflets, and yellow flowers arranged in groups of two or three, with ten fertile stamens in each flower.

Glaucous
Glaucous (from Latin  glaucus, from Ancient Greek  γλαυκός (glaukós) 'blue-green, blue-grey') is used to describe the pale grey or bluish-green appearance of the surfaces of some plants, as well as in the names of birds, such as the glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus), glaucous-winged gull (Larus glaucescens), glaucous macaw (Anodorhynchus glaucus), and glaucous tanager (Thraupis glaucocolpa).

The term glaucous is also used botanically as an adjective to mean "covered with a greyish, bluish, or whitish waxy coating or bloom that is easily rubbed off" (e.g. glaucous leaves).

The first recorded use of glaucous as a color name in English was in the year 1671.
Mario Ferri (Italian politician)
Mario Ferri (11 January 1927 – 8 May 1978) was an Italian politician who served as president of the Province of Grosseto (1952–1967), senator (1970–1972) and deputy (1972–1978).

He was also chairman of the football team U.S. Grosseto from 1955 to 1978.

US Grosseto 1912
Unione Sportiva Grosseto 1912 is an Italian association football club, based in the city of Grosseto, Tuscany. The club was founded in 1912 as Unione Ginnico Sportiva Grossetana. The team's most associated nickname is grifone, after its logo, depicting a griffon. Its colours are red and white, and it currently plays in Serie D, the fourth level of Italian football.

The club's most recent success consists of 6 consecutive participations in Serie B between 2007 and 2013, notably reaching the play-off semifinals in 2008-09. It was most recently refounded in 2017.
The Death of Adam
The Death of Adam is the debut studio album by American hip-hop producer and rapper 88-Keys. Released on November 11, 2008, the album features guest appearances by Kanye West, Kid Cudi, J*Davey, Redman, Bilal, Phonte of Little Brother, and alternative rock group Shitake Monkey.

Redman (rapper)
Reginald Noble (born April 17, 1970), better known by his stage name Redman, is an American rapper and record producer. He rose to fame in the early 1990s as an artist on Def Jam Recordings.

He is well known for his collaborations with his close friend Method Man, as one-half of the rap duo Method Man & Redman including their starring roles in films and sitcoms which include How High and Method and Red.  He was also a member of the Def Squad in the late 1990s.
Expression cassette
An expression cassette  is a distinct component of vector DNA consisting of a gene and regulatory sequence to be expressed by a transfected cell. In each successful transformation, the expression cassette directs the cell's machinery to make RNA and protein(s). Some expression cassettes are designed for modular cloning of protein-encoding sequences so that the same cassette can easily be altered to make different proteins.

An expression cassette is composed of one or more genes and the sequences controlling their expression. An expression cassette comprises three components: a promoter sequence, an open reading frame, and a 3' untranslated region that, in eukaryotes, usually contains a polyadenylation site.

Different expression cassettes can be transfected into different organisms including bacteria, yeast, plants, and mammalian cells as long as the correct regulatory sequences are used.

Promoter (genetics)
In genetics, a promoter is a sequence of DNA to which proteins bind to initiate transcription of a single RNA transcript from the DNA downstream of the promoter. The RNA transcript may encode a protein (mRNA), or can have a function in and of itself, such as tRNA or rRNA. Promoters are located near the transcription start sites of genes, upstream on the DNA (towards the 5' region of the sense strand).
Promoters can be about 100–1000 base pairs long, the sequence of which is highly dependent on the gene and product of transcription, type or class of RNA polymerase recruited to the site, and species of organism.
Fort Henry National Historic Site
Fort Henry National Historic Site is located in Kingston, Ontario, Canada on Point Henry, a strategic, elevated point near the mouth of the Cataraqui River where it flows into the St. Lawrence River at the east end of Lake Ontario. The fort and the point on which the fort was built were named after Henry Hamilton, former Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of Quebec.

A fortification was constructed during the War of 1812 to protect the Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard (the site of the present-day Royal Military College of Canada) on Point Frederick from a possible American attack during the war and to monitor maritime traffic on the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario. A much larger fort replaced this construction in the 1830s to maintain protection of the naval dockyard and protect the southern entrance to the Rideau Canal. The fort was restored in the 1930s and is a significant tourist attraction.

Henry Hamilton (colonial administrator)
Henry Hamilton (c. 1734 – 29 September 1796) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. He served in North America as Lieutenant Governor of the Province of Quebec and later as Deputy Governor after the American Revolutionary War. He later served as Governor of Bermuda and lastly, as Governor of Dominica, where he died in office.

In 1779, Hamilton was captured during the Revolutionary War by American forces at Fort Sackville while serving as the Lieutenant Governor and Superintendent of Indian Affairs at Fort Detroit. He was transported to Virginia, where Hamilton was held by Governor Thomas Jefferson's government until October 1780. He was then sent to New York and gained freedom in a prisoner exchange in 1781, being allowed to depart for London.
Cheryl Ann Fulton
Cheryl Ann Fulton is an American harpist. Fulton performs, records, teaches, and researches the harp. She is a performer of historical harps, and one of the few harpists to play triple harp, medieval harp, and lever harps.

Fulton has performed on over thirty albums and soundtracks broadly ranging from medieval, baroque, orchestral, and contemporary music to Celtic music and film scores, on records labels such as PolyGram, Koch International Classics, Nonesuch, Gourd Music, and others. Her first solo album, The Airs of Wales, brought her recognition.  She is a composer as well as a performer, and her original compositions from her second solo album, The Once & Future Harp (Gourd Music), have been featured on National Public Radio.

Celtic music
Celtic music is a broad grouping of music genres that evolved out of the folk music traditions of the Celtic people of Northwestern Europe (the modern Celtic nations). It refers to both orally-transmitted traditional music and recorded music and the styles vary considerably to include everything from traditional music to a wide range of hybrids.
Bastiat Prize
The Bastiat Prize was a journalism award given annually by the Reason Foundation. In 2011 and before it was given by the International Policy Network. The Bastiat Prize recognized journalists whose published works "explain, promote and defend the principles of the free society." The award came with US$15,000.

Instituted in 2002, the Prize was inspired by the 19th-century French philosopher Frédéric Bastiat and his defense of liberty. Bastiat's use of satire and allegory enabled him to relate complex economic issues to a general audience. In keeping with his legacy, Bastiat Prize entries were judged on intellectual content, the persuasiveness of the language used, and the type of publication in which they appeared.

Judges included Margaret Thatcher, James Buchanan, and Milton Friedman.

James M. Buchanan
James McGill Buchanan Jr. (/bjuːˈkænən/ bew-KAN-ən; October 3, 1919 – January 9, 2013) was an American economist known for his work on public choice theory originally outlined in his most famous work, The Calculus of Consent, co-authored with Gordon Tullock in 1962. He continued to develop the theory, eventually receiving the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1986.

Buchanan's work initiated research on how politicians' and bureaucrats' self-interest, utility maximization, and other non-wealth-maximizing considerations affect their decision-making. He was a member of the Board of Advisors of The Independent Institute as well as of the Institute of Economic Affairs, a member of the Mont Pelerin Society (MPS) and MPS president from 1984 to 1986, a Distinguished Senior Fellow of the Cato Institute, and professor at George Mason University.
Luke Bayer
Luke Charles Bayer (born 25 August 1992) is an English actor and singer who is known for his work in musical theatre. He is best known for his work in the Original West End Cast of Everybody's Talking About Jamie at the Apollo Theatre and for appearing on The X Factor in 2007.

Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts
Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts, formerly Mountview Theatre School, is a drama school in Peckham, south London, England, founded in 1945. Mountview Academy provides specialist vocational training in acting, musical theatre and actor musicianship, as well as production arts and theatre creative practices. The President of the school is Dame Judi Dench, and the Principal is Sally Ann Gritton.
KGMC (TV)
KGMC (channel 43) is a television station licensed to Merced, California, United States, serving the Fresno area as an affiliate of the Spanish-language network Estrella TV. It is the flagship television property of owner Cocola Broadcasting, and is sister to eight low-power stations. KGMC's studios are located on West Herndon Avenue in the Pinedale area of Fresno, and its transmitter is located on Bald Mountain, south of Meadow Lakes in Fresno County.

A live simulcast of some of KGMC's non-network programming can be seen on the Cocola Broadcasting homepage.

Meadow Lakes, California
37°04′49″N 119°25′50″W﻿ / ﻿37.08028°N 119.43056°W﻿ / 37.08028; -119.43056

Meadow Lakes is an unincorporated community in Fresno County, California. It is located 6.5 miles (10 km) west-southwest of Shaver Lake Heights, at an elevation of 4452 feet (1357 m).
Listen Like Thieves
Listen Like Thieves is the fifth studio album by Australian rock band INXS. It was released on 14 October 1985. It spent two weeks at number one on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart. Considered an international breakthrough album for the band, it peaked at No. 11 on the United States Billboard 200, No. 24 on the Canadian RPM 100 Albums and in the top 50 in the United Kingdom.

The album features the band's first top 5 single in the U.S., "What You Need", and it also won the group the Countdown Music and Video Award for 'Best Video'. Listen Like Thieves also marks the beginning of the group's off-and-on alliance with producer Chris Thomas.

In May 2025, Petrol Records and Universal Music Group issued a 40th Anniversary re-release. Available in multiple formats, including many bonus tracks and live concert recordings from the 1985–86 period. The album has been remixed in Dolby Atmos and remastered by Giles Martin.

Giles Martin
Giles Martin (born 9 October 1969) is an English record producer, songwriter, composer and multi-instrumentalist. His studio recordings, stage shows, TV and film works have been critically acclaimed and commercially successful around the world. He is the son of Beatles producer George Martin and half-brother of actor Gregory Paul Martin.
Ministry of Municipal Affairs (Alberta)
Alberta Municipal Affairs is a ministry of the Executive Council of Alberta. Its major responsibilities include assisting municipalities in the provision of local government, administering the assessment of linear property in Alberta, administering a safety system for the construction and maintenance of buildings and equipment, and managing Alberta's network of municipal and library system boards.

On January 4, 2021, Ric McIver became Acting Minister of Municipal Affairs, replacing Tracy Allard. On July 8 McIver was appointed Minister of Municipal Affairs.  Rebecca Schulz became the minister of October 24, 2022.

Tracy Allard
Tracy Allard ECA (born 1971) is a Canadian politician who represented Grande Prairie in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 2019 to 2023. A member of the United Conservative Party (UCP), she was minister of municipal affairs from August 2020 to January 2021.
James L. Connolly
James Lawrence Connolly (c. 1909 – March 6, 1982) was a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 1970 provincial election. He represented the electoral district of Halifax Chebucto as a member of the Liberals.

He was chosen deputy speaker of the House of Assembly in December 1970 and became Speaker in November 1973. He retired from the legislature with the 1974 provincial election. Connolly was previously deputy mayor of Halifax, and served five terms as an alderman on city council. He operated his own plumbing business for 25 years.

Nova Scotia Liberal Party
The Nova Scotia Liberal Party (officially the Liberal Association of Nova Scotia) is a centrist provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada and the provincial section of the Liberal Party of Canada. The party currently holds two seats in the Legislature, under the interim leadership of Iain Rankin. The party was in power most recently from the 2013 election until the 2021 election.

The party is the only party in the province with uninterrupted presence in the legislature since confederation. It has formed the Government of Nova Scotia for 90 of the approximately 160 years since it became a province of Canada. It won 25 of the province's 42 elections, but was supplanted by the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party as the official opposition for three consecutive elections in 1999, 2003 and 2006, and again in the most recent election in 2024.
Conifer High School
Conifer High School is a secondary school in Conifer, an unincorporated town located in the foothills of Jefferson County, southwest of Denver, Colorado, United States. The school is located about 20 minutes southwest of SH 470 and a short distance north of U.S. Highway 285.

Colorado High School Activities Association
The Colorado High School Activities Association (CHSAA) is the governing body for high school activities in the U.S. state of Colorado. It was founded in 1921, and as of the 2022–23 school year has a membership of 367 full-time high schools, plus more than 50 middle and junior high schools, for a total of more than 400 schools. The Association hold championships for 29 different sports for both boys and girls, plus competitions in esports, music, sportsmanship, student council, and spirit.

The schools are organised into a number of 'leagues', such as the Arkansas Valley League.
Dictyophorine
Dictyophorines are a pair of sesquiterpenes isolated from the fungus Phallus indusiatus (Dictyophora indusiata).  These compounds are based on the eudesmane skeleton, a common structure found in plant-derived flavors and fragrances, and they are the first eudesmane derivatives isolated from fungi. Dictyophorines A and B promote the synthesis of nerve growth factor in astroglial cells.

The eudesmane skeleton upon which dictyophorines are based

Phallus indusiatus, in Cooktown, Queensland, Australia, which produces dictyophorines

Cooktown, Queensland
Cooktown is a coastal town and locality in the Shire of Cook, Queensland, Australia. Cooktown is at the mouth of the Endeavour River, on Cape York Peninsula in Far North Queensland where James Cook beached his ship, the Endeavour, for repairs in 1770. Both the town and Mount Cook (431 metres or 1,415 feet) which rises up behind the town were named after James Cook.

Cooktown is one of the few large towns in the Cape York Peninsula and was founded on 25 October 1873 as a supply port for the goldfields along the Palmer River. It was called "Cook's Town" until 1 June 1874.

In the 2021 census, the locality of Cooktown had a population of 2,746 people.
Solly Ward
Solly Ward (October 11, 1890 – May 17, 1942) was an American actor and comedian. He appeared in the films Flight from Glory, Living on Love, Danger Patrol, She's Got Everything, Everybody's Doing It, Maid's Night Out, This Marriage Business, Blind Alibi, Smashing the Rackets, Conspiracy, Sued for Libel and Footlight Fever.

He died on May 17, 1942, in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California at age 51.

Sued for Libel
Sued for Libel is a 1939 American mystery film directed by Leslie Goodwins from a screenplay by Jerry Cady, based on Wolfe Kaufman's story. Released on October 27, 1939, by RKO Radio Pictures (who also produced it), the film stars Kent Taylor, Linda Hayes, Lilian Bond, and Morgan Conway.
2009 China Open – Women's singles
Svetlana Kuznetsova defeated Agnieszka Radwańska in the final, 6–2, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2009 China Open. It was her second China Open title.

Jelena Janković was the defending champion, but lost in the second round against Peng Shuai.

This tournament saw world No. 226 Zhang Shuai defeat then-world No. 1 Dinara Safina in the second round, and as such become the lowest-ranked player to ever defeat a reigning world No. 1. Serena Williams replaced Safina as world No. 1 following the tournament by virtue of winning her second round match, though Williams herself would lose in the third round.

China Open (tennis)
The China Open is a hardcourt tennis tournament organized by the Chinese Tennis Association annually at the China National Tennis Center in Beijing, China. It is held in late September and early October. The women's event is a WTA 1000 event on the WTA Tour, while the men's is an ATP 500 event on the ATP Tour. The total prize money for the 2023 tournament is US$11.62 million, the highest for tournaments of the same level.

The tournament was first held in 1993, discontinued in 1998, and reinstated in 2004. In 2006, the China Open became the first tournament outside the United States to use the Hawk-Eye system in match play.
Tweeddale Press Group
The Tweeddale Press Group was a newspaper and magazine publisher in the Scottish Borders. It evolved from the newspapers owned by successive generations of the Richardson, later Smail, family, from 1808. It became a subsidiary of Johnston Press in 1999, and was dissolved in 2020 following the liquidation of Johnston Press.

Scottish Borders
The Scottish Borders (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba; Scots: The Mairches), often shortened to the Borders within Scotland, is one of the country's 32 council areas. It is bordered by West Lothian, Edinburgh, Midlothian, and East Lothian to the north, the North Sea to the east, Dumfries and Galloway to the south-west, South Lanarkshire to the west, and the English ceremonial counties of Cumbria and Northumberland to the south. The area's largest settlement is Galashiels; its administrative centre is Newtown St Boswells.

The term "Scottish Borders" is also used for the areas of southern Scotland and northern England that bound the Anglo-Scottish border, namely Dumfries and Galloway, Scottish Borders, Northumberland, and Cumbria. The council area occupies approximately the same area as the historic shires of Berwickshire, Peeblesshire, Roxburghshire, and Selkirkshire.
You're the World to Me
"You're the World to Me" is the first single taken from David Gray's Greatest Hits album. The single was produced by producer Chris Thomas and released on 5 November 2007. In an interview, Gray described the song as "joyous" and his new Greatest Hits album as "a bag of happy shit".

The single peaked at number 53 on the UK Singles Chart, charting for three weeks, making it Gray's second consecutive single not to chart in the top 40.

Chris Thomas (music producer)
Christopher P. Thomas (born 13 January 1947 in Perivale, Middlesex, England) is an English record producer who has worked extensively with the Beatles, Pink Floyd, Procol Harum, Roxy Music, Badfinger, Elton John, Paul McCartney, Pete Townshend, Pulp and the Pretenders. He has also produced breakthrough albums for the Sex Pistols, the Climax Blues Band, the Pretenders and INXS.