hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Vanguard Corporation
American Vanguard Corporation, through its subsidiary AMVAC Chemical Corporation, is an American producer of agrochemicals and pesticide delivery systems.

The company was founded by Herbert A. Kraft and Glenn A. Wintemute, with the latter stepping down as president in 1994 and his son Eric Wintemute taking over as chairman and chief executive officer.

The company operates factories in Los Angeles and Axis, Alabama. American Vanguard trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the ticker symbol "AVD."

Products have included dichlorvos (DDVP), metam sodium, mevinphos, pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) and terbufos.

Agrochemical
An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in conventional or industrial agriculture. Agrochemical typically refers to pesticides and synthetic fertilizers. The term agrochemical is sometimes used informally synonymously with pesticides, sometimes also informally to mean pesticides and fertilizers, and sometimes more correctly to include all chemicals used in agriculture. Other chemicals used in agriculture are plant hormones and plant growth regulators (PGRs), insect attractants, insect repellents, plant defense inducers, herbicide safeners, adjuvents and co-formulants, soil conditioners and soil amendments, liming and acidifying agents. For livestock feed additives, animal growth regulators, anthelmintics and other antiparasitics are used.
University of Waterloo School of Pharmacy
The School of Pharmacy is a professional school of the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada, within the Faculty of Science. It was previously housed in Faculty of Science buildings on the main university campus in Waterloo, but was re-located to a new $34 million building on the university's Health Sciences Campus in downtown Kitchener in 2008.

It is the only pharmacy school in Canada that offers co-operative education.

It was designed by Siamak Hariri of Hariri Pontarini Architects and Robbie/Young + Wright Architects of Toronto, Ontario in 2008. The building facade features wood, brick, stone, COR-TEN steel while the glass windows feature images, painted by artist Sky Glabush, of common plants used in the historical development of pharmaceuticals.

Weathering steel
Weathering steel, often called corten steel (or its trademarked name, COR-TEN) is a group of steel alloys that form a stable external layer of rust that eliminates the need for painting.

U.S. Steel (USS) holds the registered trademark on the name COR-TEN. The name COR-TEN refers to the two distinguishing properties of this type of steel: corrosion resistance and tensile strength. Although USS sold its discrete plate business to International Steel Group (now ArcelorMittal) in 2003, it makes COR-TEN branded material in strip mill plate and sheet forms.

The original COR-TEN received the standard designation A242 (COR-TEN A) from the ASTM International standards group. Newer ASTM grades are A588 (COR-TEN B) and A606 for thin sheet. All of the alloys are in common production and use.

The surface oxidation generally takes six months to develop, although surface treatments can accelerate this to as little as one hour.
Scania N112
The Scania N112 (known as the Scania BR112 until 1984) was a transversely-engined step-entrance single-decker bus, double-decker bus and articulated bus chassis manufactured by Scania between 1978 and 1987.

Walter Alexander Coachbuilders
Walter Alexander Coachbuilders was a Scottish builder of bus and coach bodywork based in Falkirk.  The company was formed in 1947 to continue the coachbuilding activities of W. Alexander & Sons when their bus service operation was nationalised.  After several mergers and changes of ownership it now forms part of Alexander Dennis.
Hudson Generating Station
Hudson Generating Station was a power plant operated by PSEG Fossil LLC, a subsidiary of Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG). It was located in Jersey City in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. The site was in operation from 1906 to 2017, but as of 2011 only one unit was in operation at the facility – Unit 2, which ran primarily on coal to generate electricity and was also capable of burning natural gas as a secondary fuel. Unit 2 was also equipped with several back-end technology emission controls. The generating station was closed permanently by PSEG Power on June 1, 2017. The 241-acre site was sold to Chicago-based Hilco Redevelopment Partners in January 2019, which plans to repurpose the site as a state-of-the-art industrial park serving growing warehouse-distribution business in region.

Hackensack River
The Hackensack River is a river, about 45 miles (72 km) long, in the U.S. states of New York and New Jersey, emptying into Newark Bay, a back chamber of New York Harbor. The watershed of the river includes part of the suburban area outside New York City just west of the lower Hudson River, which it roughly parallels, separated from it by the New Jersey Palisades. It also flows through and drains the New Jersey Meadowlands. The lower river, which is navigable as far as the city of Hackensack, is heavily industrialized and forms a commercial extension of Newark Bay.

Once believed to be among the most polluted watercourses in the United States, it staged a modest revival by the late 2000s. The river is divided into the upper river, north of the Oradell Reservoir and Oradell Dam, and lower river, south of the reservoir and dam.
Not Giving Up
"Not Giving Up" is a song by British-Irish girl group The Saturdays. It was released on 6 April 2014 as the fifth and final single from their fourth studio album Living for the Weekend (2013). The song was written by Antonio Egizii, Celetia Martin, David Musumeci, Carl Ryden and Carla Marie Williams, and produced by Ryden.

"Not Giving Up" was first previewed on The Saturdays' reality show Chasing the Saturdays in January 2013. The music video marked Frankie Sandford's official return to the group, after taking time off in 2013 to have her first child.

Chasing the Saturdays
Chasing the Saturdays is an American reality documentary television series that follows the British-Irish girl group The Saturdays. The series premiered on January 20, 2013, at 10 pm ET/PT on E!.

On June 1, 2013, 4Music revealed an advert which announced that the show should premiere on their channel soon. Another advert then revealed the show would premiere on 13 June 2013 at 9pm.
Blepharis dhofarensis
Blepharis dhofarensis is a species of plant in the family Acanthaceae. It is a shrub that grows to around 5m tall and is found in Oman and Yemen. Blepharis dhofarensis grows on wet escarpment woodlands and it prefers dense thickets on steep slopes. It is threatened by habitat loss. Recent molecular work has placed it in the genus Acanthus instead of Blepharis.

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Donato da Formello
Donato da Formello (c. 1550–c. 1580), sometimes known as Donato Palmieri, was an Italian painter of the late Renaissance period. He was a native of Formello, in the duchy of Bracciano. He worked under Giorgio Vasari in projects in the Vatican and Florence. According to Baglione, he visited Rome early in the pontificate of Gregory XIII. He greatly surpassed the style of his instructor, as is evident in his fresco works on a staircase in the Vatican, representing subjects from the life of St. Peter. He died about 1580.

Apostolic Palace
The Apostolic Palace is the official residence of the Pope, the head of the Catholic Church, located in Vatican City. It is also known as the Papal Palace, the Palace of the Vatican and the Vatican Palace. The Vatican itself refers to the building as the Palace of Sixtus V, in honor of Pope Sixtus V, who built most of the present form of the palace.

The building contains the papal apartments, various offices of the Catholic Church and the Holy See, private and public chapels, the Vatican Museums, and the Vatican Library, including the Sistine Chapel, Raphael Rooms, and the Borgia Apartments. Tourists can see this part of the palace, but other parts, such as the Sala Regia (Regal Room) and Cappella Paolina, had long been closed to tourists, though the Sala Regia allowed occasional tourism by 2019. The Scala Regia (Regal Staircase) can be viewed from one end and used to enter the Sala Regia. The Cappella Paolina remains closed to tourists.
Cathcart
Cathcart (/ˌkæθˈkɑːrt/; Scots: Kithcart, Scottish Gaelic: Coille Chart) is an area of Glasgow between Battlefield, Mount Florida, King's Park, Muirend and Newlands. The White Cart Water flows through Cathcart, downstream from Linn Park. In 2014, it was rated one of the most attractive postcode areas to live in Scotland.

Postal code
A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, PIN or ZIP Code) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail.

As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code.

Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example is the French CEDEX system.
Macroglossum tenebrosa
Macroglossum tenebrosa is a moth of the family Sphingidae first described by Thomas Pennington Lucas in 1891. It is known from Sulawesi, the Moluccas, Aru, Papua New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands and north-eastern Australia.

The head and thorax uppersides are green. The abdomen upperside tergites are glossy bluish grey when side lit, apart from some black patches. There are no white side patches. The tips of the lateral tufts are white. The scales of the anal brush are usually tipped with buffish white, but sometimes largely black with the tips faintly tawny, sometimes all black in specimens from Queensland. The underside of both wings is bluish white basally. The hindwing upperside is bluish white near the anal angle, with a bluish-white streak.

The larvae are white with brown stripes and have a yellow head and thorax. The tail-spike is long and black, and curves forward. The true legs are black and the prolegs are yellow with black tips.

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Aathur
Aathur (pronounced ˈɑː.θʊər, Tamil:  /ˈtʃɛnaɪ/, IAST: Āthur), often spelled as Athur or Athoor, is a suburban locality situated near Chengalpattu in the southern part of the Chennai metropolitan area, Tamil Nadu, India. It falls under the jurisdiction of the Chengalpattu district and is part of the Greater Chennai region.

Chennai metropolitan area
Chennai metropolitan area or Greater Chennai is the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in India and the 35th most populous in the world. It consists of the core city of Chennai, which is coterminous with the Chennai district, and its suburbs in Kanchipuram, Chengalpattu, Thiruvallur and Ranipet districts.

The Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority is the nodal agency that handles town planning and development within the metro area. In 1974, an area encompassing 1,189 km2 (459 sq mi) around the city was designated as the metropolitan area which was subsequently expanded to 5,904 km2 (2,280 sq mi) in 2022.
Lufbery automobile
The Lufbery was a French automobile manufactured from 1898 until around 1902.  Built by Charles-Edouard Lufbery, it was a rear-engined vee-twin which combined epicyclic gearing and three-speed belt transmission to create a primitive form of overdrive.

Transmission (mechanical device)
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device invented by Louis Renault (who founded Renault) which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication or reduction, in a machine.

A transmission can have a single, or fixed, gear ratio or it can have variable ratios; a variable-ratio transmission can have multiple discrete gear ratios or be continuously variable. Variable-ratio transmissions are used in many kinds of machinery, especially vehicles.
2022 Malaysia Cup
The 2022 Malaysia Cup (Malay: Piala Malaysia 2022), officially known as the TM Piala Malaysia 2022 for sponsorship reasons, was the 96th edition of Malaysia Cup tournament organised by the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM) and the Malaysian Football League (MFL).

Kuala Lumpur City were the defending champions after defeating Johor Darul Ta'zim 2–0 in the previous final, but were eliminated by Terengganu in the quarter-finals.

Johor Darul Ta'zim won the final with score 2–1 over Selangor to clinch their third Malaysia Cup title.

Football Association of Malaysia
The Football Association of Malaysia (commonly abbreviated as FAM; Malay: Persatuan Bola Sepak Malaysia) is the national governing body of football in Malaysia, headquartered at Wisma FAM. The FAM is also one of the founding members of both the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It has been affiliated with FIFA since 1954. The FAM oversees the organisation and development of football and advancing the game at all levels in Malaysia, and is responsible for all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. This includes the men's, women's and youth national football teams as well as the Malaysian Amateur Football League and Malaysia Premier Futsal League.
Intelligence Corps
Intelligence Corps can refer to:

Intelligence Corps (United Kingdom)

Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)

Directorate of Military Intelligence (India)

Directorate of Military Intelligence (Ireland)

New Zealand Intelligence Corps

Australian Army Intelligence Corps

Canadian Intelligence Corps

Israeli Intelligence Corps

Australian Army Intelligence Corps
The Australian Intelligence Corps (AUSTINT) is a corps within the Australian Army. It was formed on 6 December 1907 and provides intelligence personnel in every formation headquarters in the Army. As of 2007, the corps consisted of "169 officers and 232 other ranks".
James Midwinter Freeman
James Midwinter Freeman (1827–1900) was an American clergyman and writer. He was born in New York City and was educated at Wesleyan University and at Mount Union College (Ohio).  He entered the Methodist ministry and in 1872 became assistant editor of various Sunday-school and tract publications of the Methodist Episcopal church.  Under the pseudonym of "Robin Ranger," Freeman wrote several books for children. His other works include:

Use of Illustration in Sunday School Teaching (1867)

Handbook of Bible Manners and Customs (1874)

A Story History of the English Bible (1879)

Children's literature portal

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

Daniel Coit Gilman
Daniel Coit Gilman (/ˈɡɪlmən/; July 6, 1831 – October 13, 1908) was an American educator and academic. Gilman was instrumental in founding the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale College, and subsequently served as the second president of the University of California, Berkeley, as the first president of Johns Hopkins University, and as founding president of the Carnegie Institution.

Eponymous halls at both Berkeley and Hopkins pay tribute to his service.  He was also co-founder of the Russell Trust Association, which administers the business affairs of Yale's Skull and Bones society. Gilman served for twenty five years as president of Johns Hopkins; his inauguration in 1876 has been said to mark "the starting point of postgraduate education in the U.S."
Murray County Courthouse (Georgia)
Murray County Courthouse in Chatsworth, Georgia was built in 1916.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
It has an elevated position and can be viewed from afar.

A 1980 architectural survey identified it as one of only two Palladian architecture applications among Georgia courthouses.  The other is the Old Effingham County Courthouse in Springfield, Georgia.

The survey asserted it "is the most important architectural structure in Chatsworth."

Chatsworth, Georgia
Chatsworth is a city in and the county seat of Murray County, Georgia, United States. It is part of the Dalton, Georgia, Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its population was 4,874 at the 2020 census, up from 4,299 in 2010. The city is the site of the coldest recorded temperature in Georgia, −17 °F (−27 °C) on January 27, 1940.

According to a popular legend, the town received its name after a road sign with the word "Chatsworth" fell off a passing freight train nearby. Someone put the sign on a post, and the name stuck.
Jo Douglass
Jo A. Douglass or Jo Anne Douglass is an Australian asthma researcher, Director of Research within the Royal Melbourne Hospital, James Stewart Professor of Medicine and she is also Department Head of Medicine within the Melbourne Medical School. She was awarded an Order of Australia, for her "distinguished service to medical research, to clinical immunology and allergy, to respiratory medicine, and to tertiary education."

University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences
Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences is the largest faculty of University of Melbourne, with the most post-graduate students, and also hosts the most school departments and centres of all University of Melbourne Faculties, consisting of 52 faculty sub-organisations. In 2021, Melbourne Medical School was ranked 25th in the world and second in Australia in the 2021 QS Subject Rankings.
Hunter Beard
Hunter Beard (born July 28, 1981) is an American rapper, record producer, businessman, and controversial public figure, from Little Rock, Arkansas. He has an extensive criminal history and had several stints in prison through his early teens to early twenties before making a life change through music, business, and charitable acts. Hunter is based out of the South Bay of Los Angeles with his wife. He is best known for the radio single "Want it with us" and the YouTube video for the song "When you come home".

South Bay (Los Angeles County)
The South Bay is a region of the Los Angeles metropolitan area, located in the southwest corner of Los Angeles County. The name stems from its geographic location stretching along the southern shore of Santa Monica Bay. The South Bay contains sixteen cities plus portions of the City of Los Angeles and unincorporated portions of the county. The area is bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the south and west and generally by the City of Los Angeles on the north and east.
Świerczyna, Opoczno County
Świerczyna (Polish pronunciation: [ɕfjɛrˈt͡ʂɨna]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Drzewica, within Opoczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Drzewica, 9 km (6 mi) north-east of Opoczno, and 75 km (47 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Opoczno County
Opoczno County (Polish: powiat opoczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, south-east Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Opoczno, which lies 72 kilometres (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Drzewica, lying 15 km (9 mi) north-east of Opoczno.

The county covers an area of 1,038.77 square kilometres (401.1 sq mi). As of 2009 its total population is 78,467, out of which the population of Opoczno is 21,635 (2016), that of Drzewica is 3,913 (2016), and the rural population is 52,006.
University of Málaga
The University of Málaga (UMA, Universidad de Málaga) is a public university ranked 23 among all Spanish universities and 683 in the world. It was established in 1972 and has, as of 2016, 30,203 Bachelor students and 2576 on a Master's program, 1255 tenured and 1056 temporary teachers. The UMA offers 65 degree courses and 6 double degrees, over 21 doctoral programmes, 64 master's Degrees, and 100 courses throughout the academic year. Education takes place in 18 centres by appointed teachers from 81 departments. The great majority of the teaching is organised within the two campuses, although classes also take place in locations spread around the city centre, as well as in Ronda and Antequera.

Ronda
Ronda (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈronda]) is a municipality of Spain belonging to the province of Málaga, within the autonomous community of Andalusia.

Its population is about 35,000. Ronda is known for its cliffside location and a deep canyon that carries the Guadalevín River and divides the town. It is one of the towns and villages that are included in the Sierra de las Nieves National Park.
Amy Callaghan
Amy Callaghan (born 21 May 1992) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician who served as the member of parliament (MP) for East Dunbartonshire from 2019 until 2024. She unseated the then Liberal Democrat leader, Jo Swinson, with a narrow majority of 149 votes or 0.3%, overturning her majority of 5,339 votes two years earlier. She was SNP Health spokesperson since  and sat on the Health and Social Care Select Committee during her time in Parliament.

2019 United Kingdom general election in Scotland
The 2019 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 12 December 2019, two and a half years after the previous general election in June 2017. The Scottish National Party (SNP) received the most votes (45%, up 8.1% from the previous election) and won 48 out of 59 seats—a gain of 13 over those won in 2017, and 81% of the Scottish seats in the House of Commons.

SNP gains came at the expense of both Labour and the Conservatives. The Tories remained the largest unionist party in Scotland even though they lost more than half of their Scottish seats, winning six compared to thirteen in 2017. Labour was reduced to only one seat, down from seven. The Liberal Democrats won four Scottish seats for no net change, although party leader Jo Swinson (herself the only major party leader to stand for election in Scotland) was unseated in her bid for re-election by her SNP challenger.

Labour's vote share was its lowest at a Westminster election in Scotland since December 1910.