hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CLaCS
CLaCS (Cryo-Laser and Cryo-Sclerotherapy) is a treatment for leg vein lesions by combining transdermal laser effect and injection sclerotherapy, all under skin cooling (Cryo - cold air blown onto the skin at -20C). The laser causes a selective photothermolysis damaging the vein wall. The vein's lumen gets smaller. On a second procedure, sclerosing agent is injected where the vein is still open. This combination can be used treat veins that could be treated by phleboectomy or foam sclerotherapy - more invasive options. To improve results, CLaCS can be guided by Augmented Reality (near-infrared vein finder).

CLaCS was created by Dr. Roberto Kasuo Miyake (also knowns as Kasuo Miyake), in 1999, to adhere to patients' requests for treatment that did not require hospitalizations.

Near-infrared vein finder
Near-infrared vein finder are medical devices used to try to increase the ability of healthcare providers to see veins. They use near-infrared light reflection to create a map of the veins. The received imagery is then either displayed on a screen or projected back onto the patient's skin.

They may not increase the success of starting intravenous catheters in children, since the difficulty may arise not in locating the vessel, but in physical manipulation of the needle.

Nurses and other healthcare practitioners can easily pass IV cannula and other parenteral dosage with the help of a vein finder.

Luminetx introduced a device called VeinViewer in 2006, and Accuvein introduced a product called Accuvein in 2008.  The machines in the United States cost about $15,000 as of 2015. 
Christie Medical Holdings introduced the VeinViewer Flex.
Frederick Brownell
Frederick Gordon Brownell OMSS SM & Bar MMM  KStJ (8 March 1940 – 10 May 2019) was a South African herald, vexillologist, and genealogist.

He designed the flag of South Africa and claimed to have designed the flag of Namibia.

Venda (Bantustan)
Venda (/ˈvɛndə/ VEN-də), officially the Republic of Venda (Venda: Riphabuliki ya Venḓa; Afrikaans: Republiek van Venda), was a Bantustan in northern South Africa. It was fairly close to the South African border with Zimbabwe to the north, while, to the south and east, it shared a long border with another black homeland, Gazankulu. It is now part of the Limpopo province. Venda was founded by the South African government as a homeland for the Venda people, speakers of the Venda language. The United Nations and international community refused to recognise Venda (or any other Bantustan) as an independent state.
Expedition to Undermountain
Expedition to Undermountain is a generic setting adventure module for the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) roleplaying game published by Wizards of the Coast in 2007. The book contains a 221-page adventure campaign setting designed for 1st- to 10th-level player characters using the D&D version 3.5 rule set.

Sean K. Reynolds
Sean K. Reynolds is an American professional game designer, who has worked on and co-written a number of Dungeons & Dragons supplements for Wizards of the Coast, as well as material for other companies.
Helium–neon laser
A helium–neon laser or He–Ne laser is a type of gas laser whose high energetic gain medium consists of a mixture of helium and neon (ratio between 5:1 and 10:1) at a total pressure of approximately 1 Torr (133.322 Pa) inside a small electrical discharge. The best-known and most widely used He-Ne laser operates at a center wavelength of 632.81646 nm (in air), 632.99138 nm (vac), and frequency 473.6122 THz, in the red part of the visible spectrum. Because of the mode structure of the laser cavity, the instantaneous output of a laser can be shifted by up to 500 MHz in either direction from the center.

Population inversion
In physics, specifically statistical mechanics, a population inversion occurs when a system (such as a group of atoms or molecules) exists in a state in which more members of the system are in higher, excited states than in lower, unexcited energy states. It is called an "inversion" because in many familiar and commonly encountered physical systems in thermal equilibrium, this is not possible. This concept is of fundamental importance in laser science because the production of a population inversion is a necessary step in the workings of a standard laser.
Racquetball at the 2009 World Games – men's singles
The racquetball – men's singles competition at the World Games 2009 took place from July 21 to 23 at the Chung Cheng Martial Arts Stadium in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Players qualified for this event from their performances at the 2008 Racquetball World Championships.

Racquetball
Racquetball is a racquet sport and a team sport played with a hollow rubber ball on an indoor or outdoor court. Joseph Sobek invented the modern sport of racquetball in 1950, adding a stringed racquet to paddleball in order to increase velocity and control. Unlike most racquet sports, such as tennis and badminton, there is no net to hit the ball over, and, unlike squash, no tin (out of bounds area at the bottom of front wall) to hit the ball above. Also, the court's walls, floor, and ceiling are legal playing surfaces, with the exception of court-specific designated hinders being out-of-bounds. Racquetball is played between various players on a team who try to bounce the ball with the racquet onto the ground so it hits the wall, so that an opposing team's player cannot bounce it back to the wall.

The sport is similar to 40×20 American handball, which is played in many countries. It is also similar to the British sport Squash 57, which was called racketball before 2016.
Penedès (division)
Penedès is one of the eight regions (vegueries) defined by the Regional Plan of Catalonia. Located in south of Catalonia, it includes the comarques from historical Penedès region (Alt Penedès, Baix Penedès and Garraf), along with the southern municipalities of Anoia. It had 497.764 inhabitants as of 2022. It was approved as a region in February 2017.

Its de facto capital is Vilanova i la Geltrú, the most populous city, as a law has not set one yet.

Comarques of Catalonia
The comarques of Catalonia (singular comarca, Eastern Catalan: [kuˈmarkə], Western Catalan: [koˈmaɾka]), often referred to in English as counties, are an administrative division of Catalonia. Each comarca comprises a number of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the United States. Currently, Catalonia is divided into 42 comarques and Aran, considered a "unique territorial entity" and not a comarca.

Each comarca has a representative county council (Catalan: consell comarcal), except for Barcelonès, which abolished it in 2019, and Aran, which instead has the Conselh Generau d'Aran.

Comarques form the second-level administrative division within Catalonia, being a subdivision of vegueries (or provinces at state level).
Jørgen Moe
Jørgen Engebretsen Moe (22 April 1813–27 March 1882) was a Norwegian folklorist, bishop, poet, and author. He is best known for the Norske Folkeeventyr, a collection of Norwegian folk tales which he edited in collaboration with Peter Christen Asbjørnsen.  He also served as the Bishop of the Diocese of Kristianssand from 1874 until his death in 1882.

Nordic folklore
Nordic folklore is the folklore of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and the Faroe Islands. It has common roots with, and has been under mutual influence with, folklore in England, Germany, the Low Countries, the Baltic countries, Finland and Sápmi. Folklore is a concept encompassing expressive traditions of a particular culture or group. The peoples of Scandinavia are heterogenous, as are the oral genres and material culture that has been common in their lands. However, there are some commonalities across Scandinavian folkloric traditions, among them a common ground in elements from Norse mythology as well as Christian conceptions of the world.

Among the many tales common in Scandinavian oral traditions, some have become known beyond Scandinavian borders – examples include The Three Billy Goats Gruff and The Giant Who Had No Heart in His Body.
GMA Entertainment Group
GMA Entertainment Group (formerly GMA Entertainment Content Group) is a Philippine television, film, event production and distribution company owned by GMA Network Inc. It was founded on March 26, 2001, with Ikaw Lang ang Mamahalin as its first program.

Since 2025, the division is currently headed by its officer-in-charge Cheryl Ching-Sy.

Production company
A production company, production house, or production studio is a studio that creates works in the fields of performing arts, new media art, film, television, radio, comics, interactive arts, video games, websites, music, and video. These groups consist of technical staff and members to 
produce the media, and are often incorporated as a commercial publisher.

Generally the term refers to all individuals responsible for the technical aspects of creating a particular product, regardless of where in the process their expertise is required, or how long they are involved in the project.  For example, in a theatrical performance, the production team has not only the running crew, but also the theatrical producer, designers, and theatrical direction.
Change Me (album)
Change Me (simplified Chinese: 改变自己; traditional Chinese: 改變自己; pinyin: Gǎibìan Zìjǐ) is the 12th album of the Taiwanese American R&B artist and composer, Leehom Wang, and was released on July 13, 2007. The album sold more than one million copies within the first month of release.

The track "You Are a Song in My Heart" (你是我心内的一首歌), a duet with Selina of S.H.E, won one of the "Top 10 Songs of the Year" at the 2008 HITO Radio Music Awards. The album was awarded one of the Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year at the 2007 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards, presented by the Hong Kong branch of IFPI.

International Federation of the Phonographic Industry
The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) is the organisation that represents the interests of the recording industry worldwide. It is a non-profit members' organisation registered in Switzerland. It operates a secretariat based in London, with regional offices in Brussels, Hong Kong, Miami, Abu Dhabi, Singapore and Nairobi.
Voivodeship road 103
Voivodeship road 103 (Polish: Droga wojewódzka nr 103, abbreviated DW 103) is a route in the Polish voivodeship roads network. The route runs in the north of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship for 36 km which links Kamień Pomorski with Trzebiatów. The route runs through two powiats (Gmina Kamień Pomorski and Gmina Świerzno.

Gmina Kamień Pomorski
Gmina Kamień Pomorski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Kamień Pomorski, which lies approximately 63 kilometres (39 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 208.57 square kilometres (80.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 14,389 (out of which the population of Kamień Pomorski amounts to 9,134, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,255).
Iodocholesterol
Iodocholesterol, or 19-iodocholesterol, also as iodocholesterol (131I) (INN) and NP-59, is a derivative of cholesterol with an iodine atom in the C19 position and a radiopharmaceutical. When the iodine atom is a radioactive isotope (iodine-125 or iodine-131), it is used as an adrenal cortex radiotracer in the diagnosis of patients suspected of having Cushing's syndrome, hyperaldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, and adrenal remnants following total adrenalectomy.

Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperaldosteronism is a medical condition wherein too much aldosterone is produced. High aldosterone levels can lead to lowered levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) and increased hydrogen ion excretion (alkalosis). Aldosterone is normally produced in the adrenal glands.

Primary aldosteronism is when the adrenal glands are too active and produce excess amounts of aldosterone.

Secondary aldosteronism is when another abnormality causes the excess production of aldosterone.
Sheila Vaz
Sheila Vaz (18 October 1934 – 29 June 2022) was an Indian actress and dancer who appeared in Hindi Cinema in the 1950s. She is best remembered for her dance performances, most notably in the songs "Ramaiya Vastavaiya" from Shree 420 (1955) and "Leke Pehla Pehla Pyar" from C.I.D. (1956).

Often described by fans as a "song specialist", Vaz's work is described as a bridge between the folk traditions and urban Bollywood choreography. She primarily appeared in song sequences, and worked with directors such as Raj Kapoor, Guru Dutt, and Raj Khosla. After a decade-long career spanning over 50 films, she retired in 1961 to lead a private life.

Guru Dutt
Guru Dutt (born Vasanth Kumar Shivashankar Padukone; 9 July 1925 – 10 October 1964; also known as Gurudatta Padukone) was an Indian film actor, director, producer, choreographer, and writer. He is regarded as one of the greatest filmmakers of Indian cinema. He was heavily influenced by Alfred Hitchcock in his initial films and later was compared with Orson Welles due to his works getting a legitimate amount of prominence amongst the cinephiles.

Dutt was lauded for his artistry, notably his usage of close-up shots, lighting, and depictions of melancholia. He directed a total of eight Hindi films, several of which have gained a cult following internationally. This includes Pyaasa (1957), which made its way onto Time magazine's 100 Greatest Movies list, as well as Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959), all of which are frequently listed among the greatest films in Hindi cinema. He was included among CNN's "Top 25 Asian Actors" in 2012.
Des pas sur la neige
Des pas sur la neige is a musical composition by French composer Claude Debussy.  It is the sixth piece in the composer's first book of Préludes, written between late 1909 and early 1910.  The title is in French and translates to "Footprints in the Snow"  The piece is 36 measures long and takes approximately three and a half to four and a half minutes to play.  It is in the key of D minor. The prelude was, along with Danseuses de Delphes, one of the preludes Debussy believed should be played "entre quatre-z-yeux" (literally "between four eyes") meaning intimately, as if privately.

Bar (music)
In musical notation, a bar (or measure) is a segment of music bounded by vertical lines, known as bar lines (or barlines), usually indicating one or more recurring beats. The length of the bar, measured by the number of note values it contains, is normally indicated by the time signature.
Calderdale College
Calderdale College is a further and higher education college based in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England.

The college is the largest provider of further education (post-16) courses and work-based learning (apprenticeships) and—through University Centre Calderdale as part of a cooperation with Leeds Beckett University that began in 2006—the sole provider of higher education awards in the metropolitan borough of Calderdale.

Metropolitan borough
A metropolitan borough (or metropolitan district) is a type of local government district in England. Created in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972, metropolitan boroughs are defined in English law as metropolitan districts within metropolitan counties. All of the metropolitan districts have been granted or regranted royal charters giving them borough status (and in some cases, they also have city status). Metropolitan boroughs have been effectively unitary authority areas since the abolition of metropolitan county councils by the Local Government Act 1985. Metropolitan boroughs pool much of their authority in joint boards and other arrangements that cover whole metropolitan counties, such as local enterprise partnerships and combined authorities, with most of the latter having a directly elected metropolitan mayor.
Dave Rayner (cyclist)
David John Rayner (born 4 March 1967, Shipley, West Riding of Yorkshire - 16 November 1994, Yorkshire) was an English professional racing cyclist who died aged 27 after an incident outside the Maestro nightclub, in Manningham Lane, Bradford. He was put on a life support machine at Bradford Royal Infirmary but died the next day.

Shipley, West Yorkshire
Shipley is a historic market town and civil parish in the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. Located on the River Aire and the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, Shipley is directly north of the city of Bradford. The population of Shipley at the 2011 Census was 15,483.

Until 1974, Shipley was an urban district in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The town forms a continuous urban area with Bradford.
Fusillade Mountain
Fusillade Mountain (8,755 feet (2,669 m)) is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Fusillade Mountain lies immediately north of Gunsight Lake at the western terminus of the St. Mary Valley and can be seen from the Going-to-the-Sun Road. The mountain was named by George Bird Grinnell in 1891, "as a satirical gesture at W. H. Seward and Henry L. Stimson for firing a futile volley at a group of goats on the side of this mountain".

William H. Seward Jr.
William Henry Seward Jr. (June 18, 1839 – April 29, 1920) was an American banker and brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was the youngest son of William H. Seward, the United States Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson.
Twofour54
twofour54 is a media and entertainment production company setup by Abu Dhabi government and located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Many major Hollywood productions have done production work in twofour54's facilities.

6 Underground (film)
6 Underground is a 2019 American action film directed by Michael Bay and written by Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese. The film stars Ryan Reynolds, Mélanie Laurent, Manuel Garcia-Rulfo, Adria Arjona, Corey Hawkins, Ben Hardy and Dave Franco. Bay produced the film with his longtime business partner Ian Bryce and Skydance's David Ellison, Dana Goldberg and Don Granger. It follows a group of people who fake their deaths and decide to form a vigilante team in order to stage a coup d'état against a ruthless dictator.

6 Underground premiered at The Shed in New York City on December 10, 2019, and was released by Netflix on December 13, 2019. With a budget of $150 million, the film is one of the most expensive Netflix originals ever but the film itself has received mixed reviews, with criticism for Bay's direction.
Jon Anderson (journalist)
Jon Anderson (born 9 August 1958) is a sports journalist with the Herald Sun newspaper, Fox Sports Australia and radio station 3AW.

Known as "Ando", he is well known for appearing in a Herald Sun segment called "At the Bar with Robbo and Ando". He also wrote a column in 1993 that publicised the nickname "FIGJAM" for Nathan Buckley.

Anderson has also written, co-written, or edited books on Mark "Jacko" Jackson, Gary Ablett Sr., Rodney Hogg, and Brian Taylor

In April 2010, Anderson was arrested and charged for driving under the influence and careless driving after reversing his car through the back of a pizza shop. He was recorded with a blood alcohol limit of .139. Following this incident, Anderson's "At the Bar with Robbo and Ando" column was dropped.

Rodney Hogg
Rodney Malcolm Hogg (born 5 March 1951) is an Australian former cricketer. He was a fast bowler. Hogg played in 38 Test matches and 71 One Day Internationals between 1978 and 1985.  In Tests he took 123 wickets at an average of 28.47. He is best remembered for taking 41 wickets in his first six tests during the 1978–79 Ashes.
Ban Mai Nai Soi refugee camp
Ban Mai Nai Soi refugee camp is a refugee camp established in Karenni State, Myanmar, in 1989, which had an estimated population of 19,512 in 2008. The camp has moved many times, finally settling in its current position in Pang Moo Subdistrict, Muang District, Mae Hong Son province, Thailand, in 1996. Sections of the camp were attacked by Burmese forces in 1996 and 1998. Shelling by Burmese forces and their allies caused one death and several injuries in 1997.

The camp's population is 94% Karenni and 3% Karen, among others.

The camp's residents face ongoing challenges, including limited access to education under the strict oversight of Thailand's Ministry of Interior. Organisations such as WEAVE (Women's Education for Advancement and Empowerment), in collaboration with the Karenni National Women's Organisation, provide critical support through initiatives such as the Women's Studies Program.

Kayah State
Kayah State (Burmese: ကယားပြည်နယ်, pronounced [kəjá pjìnɛ̀]), or Karenni State, is a state of Myanmar. Situated in eastern Myanmar, it is bounded on the north by Shan State, on the east by Thailand's Mae Hong Son Province, and on the south and west by Kayin State. It lies approximately between 18° 30′ and 19° 55′ north latitude and between 96° 50′ and 97° 50′ east longitude. The area is 11,670 km2 (4,510 sq mi). Its capital is Loikaw (also spelt Loi-kaw). The estimated population in the 2014 Myanmar Census was 286,738, the smallest among Myanmar's seven states. It is inhabited primarily by the Karenni ethnic group, also known as Red Karen or Kayah, a Sino-Tibetan people. Even though Kayah State is the smallest state in Myanmar, it is still larger than Yangon Region.
Wallfisch
Wallfisch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anita Lasker-Wallfisch (born 1925), British cellist

Benjamin Wallfisch (born 1979), English composer, conductor, and pianist

Elizabeth Wallfisch (born 1952), Australian violinist

Ernst Wallfisch (1920–1979), American violist

Paul Wallfisch (born 1962), American musician

Peter Wallfisch (1924–1993), British concert pianist

Raphael Wallfisch (born 1953), English cellist

Simon Wallfisch (born 1982), British-German classical singer and cellist

Anita Lasker-Wallfisch
Anita Lasker-Wallfisch MBE (born 17 July 1925) is a German-British cellist, and a surviving member of the Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz. Wallfisch co-founded the English Chamber Orchestra and she has been honoured and thanked by the British and German governments for her work. Her portrait is part of the Royal Collection.
Green pigeon
Treron is a genus of bird in the pigeon family Columbidae. It contains 30 species distributed across Asia and Africa, they all are remarkable for their green plumage that lead to their common name green pigeons,  which comes from a carotenoid pigment found in their diets of fruits in their wild habitats; other than that, they also eat various, nuts, and/or seeds.

Members of this genus can be further grouped into species with long tails, medium-length tails, and wedge-shaped tails. Most species of green pigeon display sexual dimorphism, where males and females can be readily distinguished by differences in their plumage. They dwell in trees and occupy a variety of wooded habitats.

Frugivore
A frugivore (/ˈfruːdʒɪvɔːr/ FROO-jih-vor) is an animal that thrives mostly on fruits.

Approximately 20% of mammalian herbivores eat fruit. Frugivores are highly dependent on the abundance and nutritional composition of fruits. Frugivores can benefit or hinder fruit-producing plants by either dispersing or destroying their seeds through digestion. When both the fruit-producing plant and the frugivore benefit by fruit-eating behavior the interaction is a form of mutualism.