hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pittacal
Pittacal was the first synthetic dyestuff to be produced commercially. It was accidentally discovered in 1832 by German chemist Carl Ludwig Reichenbach, who is also recognized as being the discoverer of kerosene, phenol, eupion, paraffin wax and creosote.

According to history, Reichenbach applied creosote to the wooden posts of his home, in order to drive away dogs who urinated on them. The strategy was ineffective, however, and he noted that the dog's urine reacted with creosote to form an intense dark blue deposit. He named the new substance píttacal (from Greek words tar and beautiful). He later succeeded in producing pure pittacal by treating beechwood tar with barium oxide and using alumina as a mordant to the dye's fabrics. Although sold commercially as a dyestuff, it did not fare well.

Eupittone (derived from eu- + pittacal + -one) is a yellow crystalline substance resembling aurin, and obtained by the oxidation of pittacal. It is also called also eupittonic acid or eupitton.

Mordant
A mordant or dye fixative is a substance used to set (i.e., bind) dyes on fabrics. It does this by forming a coordination complex with the dye, which then attaches to the fabric (or tissue). It may be used for dyeing fabrics or for intensifying stains in cell or tissue preparations. Although mordants are still used, especially by small batch dyers, they have been largely displaced in industry by substantive dyes.

The term mordant comes from the Latin mordere, "to bite". In the past, it was thought that a mordant helped the dye "bite" onto the fiber so that it would hold fast during washing. A mordant is often a polyvalent metal ion, and one example is chromium (III). The resulting coordination complex of dye and ion is colloidal and can be either acidic or alkaline.
2022–23 European Rugby Champions Cup
The 2022–23 European Rugby Champions Cup was the ninth season of the European Rugby Champions Cup, the annual club rugby union competition run by European Professional Club Rugby (EPCR) for teams from the top five nations in European rugby and South Africa. It was the 28th season of pan-European professional club rugby competition.

Dutch beer brand Heineken continued as the title sponsor of the competition, extending their deal after their previous agreement expired at the end of the 2021–22 season.

This was the first year to feature the top teams from South Africa, following the inaugural United Rugby Championship season.

The tournament commenced in December 2022. The final was held at Aviva Stadium in Dublin, Ireland on 20 May 2023. The match was a repeat of the 2022 final, with Stade Rochelais defeating Leinster for the second consecutive year.

Heineken
Heineken Lager Beer (Dutch: Heineken Pilsener), or simply Heineken (pronounced [ˈɦɛinəkə(n)]), is a Dutch pale lager beer with 5% alcohol by volume, produced by the Dutch brewing company Heineken N.V. It is typically sold in a green bottle with a red star.
Warburton School
Warburton School is on the south side of Dunham Road in the village of Warburton, Greater Manchester, England.  It has been converted into a house and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

The school was built in 1871–72 for the landowner Rowland Egerton-Warburton of Arley Hall, and was designed by the Chester architect John Douglas.  It is constructed in brick with stone and terracotta dressings, and has a tiled roof.  The building has three bays; from the left, the first two bays contain seven-light mullioned windows.  Above the window in the central bay is a dormer gable that contains a three-light mullioned window.  The right bay contains a modern patio window.  Between the left and central bays is a decorated brick chimney stack.  Above the main roof is a hipped bellcote.  In the interior of the building are two pairs of truncated crucks supporting the roof.

Patio
A patio (Spanish for 'courtyard, forecourt, yard, little garden') is an outdoor space generally used for dining or recreation that adjoins a structure and is typically paved. In Australia, the term is expanded to include roofed structures such as a veranda, which provides protection from sun and rain.
Krasniye Kryl'ya Deltacraft MD-50C
The Krasniye Kryl'ya Deltacraft MD-50C (English: Redwings DeltaCraft) is a Russian ultralight trike, designed and produced by Krasniye Kryl'ya of Taganrog. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Taganrog
Taganrog (Russian: Таганрог, IPA: [təɡɐnˈrok]) is a port city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, on the north shore of Taganrog Bay in the Sea of Azov, several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River. It is in the Black Sea region. Population: 245,120 (2021 census); 257,681 (2010 census); 281,947 (2002 census); 291,622 (1989 Soviet census).

Located at the site of an ancient Greek and medieval Italian colony, modern Taganrog was founded in 1698. Contested by various factions during World War I and the Russian Civil War, the city served as the temporary Soviet Ukrainian capital in 1918.
Lee Fields
Elmer Lee Fields (born April 26, 1950) is an American soul singer, sometimes nicknamed "Little JB" for his physical and vocal resemblance with James Brown. He has recorded with Kool and the Gang, Hip Huggers, O. V. Wright, Darrell Banks, and Little Royal. Fields has also worked with musicians such as  B. B. King, Clarence Carter, Dr. John, Tyrone Davis, Johnny Taylor, Denise LaSalle, Bobby Blue Bland, Betty Wright, The Manhattans, Little Milton and Bobby Womack. He recorded his first single in 1969 and is still active. His recent work is with The Expressions, including the albums Faithful Man (2012), Special Night (2017), and It Rains Love (2019). In 2014, he provided additional vocals for the James Brown biographical movie, Get On Up.

Little Royal and The Swingmasters
Little Royal and The Swingmasters was an American soul and R&B group active in the 1960s and 1970s. Due to the resemblance, both physically and stylistically, Little Royal was often called "James Brown's little brother".

Notable people who have performed with Little Royal include Teddy Pendergrass and Bobby Parker.

The title track of his album Jealous, reached No. 15 on Billboard's Best-Selling Soul Singles chart on August 5, 1972.

Little Royal died at the age of 82 on September 29, 2016.
Munkbron
Munkbron (Swedish: "Monk's Bridge") is a public square on the western waterfront of Gamla stan, the old town in central Stockholm, Sweden.  Connected to the square are Stora Gråmunkegränd, Gåsgränd, Lilla Nygatan, Yxsmedsgränd, and Munkbrogatan; while the traffic route Munkbroleden separates it from the canal Riddarholmskanalen.  The square is divided into a northern and a southern part by the block Aurora in which the so-called Petersen House is found.

Gamla Stan
Gamla Stan (Swedish: [ˈɡâmːla ˈstɑːn], "The Old Town"), until 1980 officially Staden mellan broarna ("The Town between the Bridges"), is the old town of Stockholm, Sweden. Gamla Stan consists primarily of the island Stadsholmen. Gamla Stan includes the surrounding islets Riddarholmen, Helgeandsholmen and Strömsborg. It has a population of approximately 3,000.

Gamla Stan has played a prominent role in the history of Swedish architecture, with many of Sweden's most renowned architects shaping the area; these include figures such as Nicodemus Tessin and Carl Hårleman, who worked on the Stockholm Palace, still located in the area.

Other notable buildings in the old town include Tessin Palace, the Stockholm Stock Exchange Building, Bonde Palace (seat of the Swedish Supreme Court) and the House of Nobility; the last of these buildings hosted the parliament for many years.
Spider-Man: House of M
Spider-Man: House of M is a five-issue comic book limited series that ran concurrently with Marvel Comics' House of M crossover event in 2005. In the House of M pocket universe, mutants rule the world and humans are an oppressed minority. Magneto and his family, the House of M, rule the world from the island of Genosha.

Much like the  Fantastic Four: House of M 
miniseries, Spider-Man: House of M is a standalone story that takes place in the House of M universe, but the events do not affect the story of the actual House of M series.  However, it is shown in the House of M series that the Peter Parker of the mainstream Marvel Universe remembers the life he had in this pocket universe.

Genosha
Genosha (/dʒəˈnoʊʃə, ɡəˈ-/ jə-NOH-shə, gə-) is a fictional country appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. It is an island nation that exists in the Marvel Universe and a prominent location in the X-Men comics. The fictional nation served as an allegory for slavery and later for South African apartheid before becoming a mutant homeland and subsequently a disaster zone. The island is located off the southeastern African coast southwest from Seychelles and northeast of Madagascar. Its capital city was Hammer Bay.
Ferragamo (surname)
Ferragamo is an Italian surname from Campania, originally indicating a farrier, blacksmith or other profession involving iron (Italian: ferro). Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Ferragamo, Italian-Spanish astrophysicist

Fiamma Ferragamo (1941–1998), Italian shoe designer and businesswoman, daughter of Salvatore

James Ferragamo (born 1971), Italian businessman, grandson of Salvatore

John Ferragamo, American murder witness and accomplice

Salvatore Ferragamo (1898–1960), Italian shoe designer and businessman, the founder of the eponymous luxury brand

Vince Ferragamo (born 1954), American football player

Wanda Ferragamo (née Miletti; 1921–2018), Italian fashion designer and businesswoman, wife of Salvatore

Vince Ferragamo
Vincent Anthony Ferragamo (born April 24, 1954) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) and the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears and Nebraska Cornhuskers.
WTNM
WTNM (93.7 FM, "Super Talk Mississippi") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Courtland, Mississippi. The station, established in 1985 as "WKLJ", is operated by Supertalk Mississippi and the WTNM broadcast license is held by Telesouth Communications, Inc.

WTNM broadcasts a news/talk format to the Oxford and Batesville, Mississippi, area.

The station was assigned the call sign "WQLJ" by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on June 16, 1992.

On May 28, 2015, WQLJ changed their format to news/talk, branded as "Super Talk Mississippi" (swapping formats with WTNM 105.5 FM Water Valley, MS). On June 4, 2015, the two stations also swapped call signs, with WQLJ taking on its current WTNM.

Oxford, Mississippi
Oxford is the 14th most populous city in Mississippi, United States, and the county seat of Lafayette County, 75 miles (121 km) southeast of Memphis. A college town, Oxford surrounds the University of Mississippi or "Ole Miss". Founded in 1837, the city is named after Oxford, England.

Purchasing the land from a Chickasaw, pioneers founded Oxford in 1837. In 1841, the Mississippi State Legislature selected it as the site of the state's first university, Ole Miss. Oxford is also the hometown of Nobel Prize-winning novelist William Faulkner, and served as the inspiration for his fictional Jefferson in Yoknapatawpha County. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, who served as a US Supreme Court Justice and Secretary of the Interior, also lived and is buried in Oxford.

At the 2020 US Census, the population was 25,416.
Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine
The Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine (French: Église protestante réformée d'Alsace et de Lorraine (EPRAL); German: Reformierte Kirche von Elsass und Lothringen; Alsatian: d'Reformierta Kìrch vum Elsàss ùn Lothringa) is a Calvinist denomination in Alsace and northeastern Lorraine (the Département of Moselle), France. As a church body, it enjoys the status as an établissement public du culte (public establishment of cult).

Alsatian dialect
Alsatian (Alsatian: Elsässisch or Elsässerditsch "Alsatian German"; Lorraine Franconian: Elsässerdeitsch; French: Alsacien; German: Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is the group of Alemannic German and Franconian dialects spoken in most of Alsace, a formerly disputed region in eastern France that has passed between French and German control five times since 1681.
Buzzell
Buzzell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Colby Buzzell (born 1976), American writer and blogger

Edward Buzzell (1895–1985), American film director

Fannie M. Buzzell, American politician

Hodgdon C. Buzzell (1878–1948), American lawyer and mayor

John Buzzell (1766–1863), Free Will Baptist

John R. Buzzell, leader of 1834 Ursuline Convent riots

Loring Buzzell (1927–1959), American music publisher; nephew of Edward Buzzell and president of Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music

Reginald W. Buzzell (1894–1959), American brigadier general

Hodgdon C. Buzzell
Hodgdon Charles Buzzell (1878 – September 12, 1948) was an American lawyer and politician from Maine. Buzzell, a Republican from Belfast, was elected to six terms in the Maine Legislature, including four in the Maine House of Representatives and two in the Maine Senate. Backed by the Ku Klux Klan, Buzzell unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for United States Senate in a special election in 1926.
Compass-1
Compass-1 (also known as Compass One) is a German amateur CubeSat picosatellite, built and operated in the late 2000s by Aachen University of Applied Science. It was launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation, aboard a PSLV rocket as a secondary payload to the CartoSat-2A primary spacecraft on 28 April 2008. It was launched into a Geocentric orbit with an altitude of 597 km. Its primary mission is remote sensing; however, it also contains some technology demonstration experiments regarding the use of small satellites and GPS tracking.

On 10 August 2008, the satellite developed a problem and switched into "emergency mode". Initial attempts to rectify this problem failed; however, normal operations were resumed on 10 September, with help from amateur radio operators around the world.

FH Aachen
The FH Aachen – Aachen University of Applied Sciences is one of the biggest Fachhochschulen in Germany with roughly 15,000 students, 250 professors, 470 contract lecturers, and 340 assistants. It is specialized in certain topical areas (e.g. technology, engineering, business, design).

The FH Aachen ranks as the first best among the Universities of Applied Sciences in Germany in the fields of Electrical, Mechanical engineering and Informatics. Ten Faculties offer 53 Bachelor's, 22 Master's and three cooperative degree programmes.

The FH Aachen is situated in Aachen and in Jülich.
Haootia
Haootia quadriformis is an extinct animal belonging to the Ediacaran biota. Estimated to be about 560 million years old, H. quadriformis is identified as a cnidarian polyp, and represents the earliest known evidence for muscle tissue in an animal. Discovered in 2008 from Newfoundland in eastern Canada, it was formally described in 2014. It is the first Ediacaran organism discovered to show fossils of muscle fibres. Structural examination of the muscles and morphology indicate that the animal is a cnidarian, though, which class H. quadriformis belongs to was undetermined until a 2024 study found it to be a staurozoan.

Lists of extinct species
This page features lists of species and organisms that have become extinct. The reasons for extinction range from natural occurrences, such as shifts in the Earth's ecosystem or natural disasters, to human influences on nature by hunting and destruction of natural habitats.

A species is presumed to be extinct after surveys of its expected and historical habitat demonstrate an inability to locate an individual. Species which meet this criterion but are known to be kept in captivity are extinct in the wild. If a final specimen of a moribund species is found, it is an endling.
Oskars Ķibermanis
Oskars Ķibermanis (born 4 April 1993) is a former Latvian bobsledder. He competed at the FIBT World Championships 2013 in St. Moritz, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, in two-man and four-man bobsleigh.

He retired from the sport in 2023 after failing to successfully recover from a knee injury.

Bobsleigh at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Four-man
The four-man bobsleigh competition at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia was held at the Sliding Center Sanki near Krasnaya Polyana, Russia on 22–23 February 2014.

On 24 November 2017, the IOC imposed a life ban on bobsledder Alexandr Zubkov. He was stripped of 2 gold medals (two-man and four-man bobsleigh). On November 27 IOC imposed similar sanctions to members of the same team Dmitry Trunenkov and Alexey Negodaylo. On 29 November 2017, IOC also sanctioned Alexander Kasjanov, Ilvir Huzin and Aleksei Pushkarev for doping offences and stripped their team of results. On 18 December 2017, Alexey Voyevoda also received a lifetime ban from the Olympic Games due to doping violations at the 2014 Winter Olympics. The IOC requested that the FIBT modify the results, and the medals were redistributed accordingly.
Fats Sadi
"Fats" Sadi Pol Lallemand (23 October 1927, Andenne, Belgium – 20 February 2009, Huy) was a Belgian jazz musician, vocalist, and composer who played vibraphone and percussion.  He chose the name "Sadi" because he disliked his last name, which means "the German" in French. He led a quartet and nonet and won the Belgian Golden Django for best French-speaking artist in 1996.

Django d'Or (jazz music award)
The Golden Django, named after guitarist Django Reinhardt, is an award for jazz musicians in Europe created by the French producer Frank Hagège.  The trophy is a creation of the French painter Raymond Moretti.  It was first introduced in France (in 1992), then in Belgium (1995), in Sweden and Italy (1999) and finally in Denmark (2001).
Mutch
Mutch is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alec Mutch (1889–1960), Australian rules footballer

Andy Mutch (born 1963), English former football player

Charlie Mutch (1893–1974), Australian rules footballer

Duane Mutch (1925–2019), American politician, member of the North Dakota State Senate

Fred Mutch (1898–1986), Australian rules footballer

George Mutch (1912–2001), Scottish football player

Jordon Mutch (born 1991), English professional footballer

Leslie Mutch (1897–1977), Liberal party member of the Canadian House of Commons

Maria Mutch, Canadian writer

Robert Mutch (born 1984), South African cricketer

Sandy Mutch (1884–1967), Scottish football goalkeeper

Sarah Mutch, Canadian fashion model

Stephen Mutch, Ph.D., LL.B. (born 1956), Australian politician

Thomas A. Mutch (1931–1980), American geologist and planetary scientist

Thomas Mutch (1885–1958), Australian politician

Tom Mutch (born 1967), former American ice hockey coach

Stephen Mutch
Stephen Bruce Mutch (born 4 February 1956) is an Australian academic, and former politician with an academic interest in cultic organisations. A member of the Liberal Party, he served in the New South Wales Legislative Council from 1988 to 1996 and represented the seat of Cook in the House of Representatives from 1996 to 1998.
Daphnephila taiwanensis
Daphnephila taiwanensis is a species of gall midges first associated with leaf galls on Lauraceae species, particularly Machilus thunbergii in Taiwan. Based on analysis on sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, it has been suggested that in this genus, the stem-galling habit is a more ancestral state as opposed to the leaf-galling habit. This genus appears to have originated tropically and dispersed to Japan through Taiwan.

Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines. Many species within the laurel family are highly toxic; however, some, such as the avocado (Persea americana), are edible and widely consumed. Members of the laurel family have played a significant role in the spice trade, particularly genera like Cinnamomum, which produce aromatic oils used extensively in cooking, perfumery, and traditional medicine.
Narwana Assembly constituency
Narwana is one of the 90 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Haryana state in India.

It is part of Jind district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Castes. It was made SC seat in 2009.

Haryana Legislative Assembly
The Haryana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Hariyāṇā Vidhāna Sabhā) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Haryana. The seating of the assembly is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. There are 90 seats in the house filled by direct election using a single-member first-past-the-post voting system. The term of office is five years.
Namu (orca)
Namu (died July 9, 1966) was a male orca unintentionally captured in 1965 from the C1 Pod of the northern resident community. He was the first captive orca to perform with a human in the water. He was the subject of much media attention, including a starring role in the 1966 film Namu, the Killer Whale. Namu's captivity introduced thousands of people to orcas, and soon aquariums all over the world sought to establish captive orcas in their parks.

Northern resident orcas
Northern resident orcas, also known as northern resident killer whales (NRKW), are one of four separate, non-interbreeding communities of the exclusively fish-eating ecotype of orca in the northeast portion of the North Pacific Ocean. They live primarily off the coast of British Columbia (BC), Canada, and also travel to southeastern Alaska and northern Washington state in the United States. The northern resident population consists of three clans (A, G, R) that consists of several pods with one or more matrilines within each pod. The northern residents are genetically distinct from the southern resident orcas and their calls are also quite distinct.
John Sparks (Oklahoma politician)
John Sparks is an American politician and former Oklahoma Senator who represented District 16, which includes portions of Cleveland and McClain counties, from 2006 to 2018. Sparks made headlines in late 2009 when he proposed a Second Amendment Weekend that would make handguns and rifles tax free.

Sparks received an AB from Harvard College in 1991, and a JD from the University of Oklahoma College of Law in 1994.

McClain County, Oklahoma
McClain County is a county located in south central Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,662. Its county seat is Purcell. The county was named for Charles M. McClain, an Oklahoma constitutional convention attendee.

McClain County is part of the Oklahoma City, OK metropolitan statistical area.
Dixon Hotel, Tooley Street
The Dixon Hotel, in Tooley Street in the London borough of Southwark, is a former magistrates' court and police station designed by John Dixon Butler. Opened in 1906, it operated as a court until closure in 2013. Subsequently sold, it re-opened as The Dixon, in honour of the building's architect, and became a hotel operating as part of the Marriott International group. It is a Grade II listed building.

Marriott International
Marriott International, Inc. is an American multinational company that operates, franchises, and licenses lodging brands that include hotel, residential, and timeshare properties. The company owns over 37 hotel and timeshare brands, with 9,000 locations and 1,597,380 rooms across its network (as of 2023). Headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland, the company is the successor to the hospitality division of the Marriott Corporation, which was founded by J. Willard Marriott (1900–1985) and his wife Alice Marriott (1907–2000).