hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lemalu Herman Retzlaff
Lemalu Hermann Retzlaff is a Samoan New Zealander lawyer. He served as Attorney-General of Samoa from 2016 to 2020. He is the son of former attorney-general and deputy prime minister Misa Telefoni Retzlaff.

Samoan New Zealanders
Samoan New Zealanders are Samoan immigrants in New Zealand, their descendants, and New Zealanders of Samoan ethnic descent. They constitute one of New Zealand's most sizeable ethnic minorities. In the 2023 census, 213,069 New Zealanders identified themselves as being of Samoan ethnicity with 55,512 stating that they were born in Samoa, and 861 stating that they were born in American Samoa.
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety is an online peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Institute of Food Technologists (Chicago, Illinois) that was established in 2002. Its main focus is food science and food safety. This includes nutrition, genetics, food microbiology, food chemistry, history, and food engineering.

Food chemistry
Food chemistry is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. The biological substances include such items as meat, poultry, lettuce, beer, and milk as examples. It is similar to biochemistry in its main components such as carbohydrates, lipids, and protein, but it also includes substances such as water, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, food additives, flavors, and colors. This discipline also encompasses how products change under certain food processing techniques and ways either to enhance or to prevent those changes from happening. An example of enhancing a process would be to encourage fermentation of dairy products with microorganisms that convert lactose to lactic acid; an example of preventing a process would be stopping the browning on the surface of freshly cut apples using lemon juice or other acidulated water.
Amalgamation (names)
An amalgamated name is a name that is formed by combining several previously existing names. These may take the form of an acronym (where only one letter of each name is taken) or a blend (where a large part of each name is taken, such as the first syllable).

Amalgamated names are most commonly used for amalgamated businesses, characters and places. Newly arising partnerships may also choose to name themselves by amalgamating their names.

Partnership
A partnership is an agreement where parties agree to cooperate to advance their mutual interests. The partners in a partnership may be individuals, businesses, interest-based organizations, schools, governments or combinations. Organizations may partner to increase the likelihood of each achieving their mission and to amplify their reach. A partnership may result in issuing and holding equity or may be only governed by a contract.
Ashdot Ya'akov Meuhad
Ashdot Ya'akov Meuhad (Hebrew: אַשְׁדוֹת יַעֲקֹב מְאֻחָד) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located to the south of the Sea of Galilee near the Jordanian border and covering 4,300 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Emek HaYarden Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 903.

Emek HaYarden Regional Council
Emek HaYarden Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית עמק הירדן, Mo'atza Azorit 'Emeq HaYarden, lit. Jordan Valley Regional Council) is a regional council comprising much of the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, the southern parts of its eastern shore, and the northern part of the Jordan Valley all the way to Beit She'an in the south.
Ka'abiyye-Tabbash-Hajajre
Ka'abiyye-Tabbash-Hajajre is an Arab local council in the Northern District of Israel. It was declared as a local council in 1996. In 2022 it had a population of 5,878, the majority of whom are Muslims.

Northern District (Israel)
The Northern District (Hebrew: מחוז הצפון, romanized: Mekhoz HaTzafon; Arabic: منطقة الشمال, romanized: Minṭaqat ash-Shamāl) is one of Israel's six administrative districts. The Northern District has a land area of 4,473 km2, making it the second largest district in Israel.

The Golan Heights has been run as a sub-district of the North District of Israel since the 1981 Golan Heights Law was passed, although the claim is only recognized by the United States while United Nations Security Council condemned the annexation in its Resolution 497 without enforcing it. The Golan Heights covers a land area of 1,154 km2 and the remainder of the Northern District covers 3,324 km2 (3,484 km2 including water).
Percolate (clubbing brand)
Percolate is a clubbing brand based in London, England. Founded in 2012, it is best known for Electronic Music events, specifically House, Disco and Techno. Founded by Fred Letts and Ed Lo Bianco, and now run by Letts and Simon Denby, Percolate is famously nomadic, utilising different venues across the capital for each edition. Events began at the 250 capacity Brixton venue AIRspace, and have since taken in many of London's premier underground music venues including Village Underground, Shapes, Oval Space, Corsica Studios and the 3000 capacity Studio 338.

Notable festival appearances include Gottwood, Love International (formerly Garden Festival) & Lovebox Festival. Percolate's 2016 Spring Series also included events in Manchester & Amsterdam.  In addition, a collaboration with Ibiza's Zoo Project will see shows in Barcelona during Sonar week and a September Ibiza date.

Corsica Studios
Corsica Studios is a mid-size multi-function music and arts venue located in Elephant and Castle, London.

It was founded in 2002 to provide a space for underground music events, exhibitions, performances and other creative projects and now focuses on DJ and club nights. It consists of two rooms situated within railway arches near Elephant & Castle station and is known for its stripped-back interior, intimate atmosphere and high-quality sound system.

Long-running club nights which have been based at the venue include Trance Party, Jaded, Rupture, and Low Life. Many UK and international artists have also played live at the venue, including Sunn O))) and Four Tet, Underground and experimental gig promoter Baba Yaga's Hut also has a long-term base at Corsica Studios.
Yo (Cyrillic)
Yo, Jo, or, Io (Ё ё; italics: Ё ё; Russian pronunciation: [jɵ]) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. In Unicode, the letter ⟨Ё⟩ is named CYRILLIC CAPITAL/SMALL LETTER IO.

In English, the letter Yo is romanized using the Latin ë (according to the ALA–LC and British Standards), ë (yë word-initially) (BGN/PCGN) or yo/jo (orthographic transcription) for Russian, and as i͡o (ALA–LC), yo (BGN/PCGN), or ë (BSI) for Belarusian. In international systems, Yo is romanized as ë (ISO 9).

It was derived from the Cyrillic letter Ye (Е е).

Orthographic transcription
Orthographic transcription is a transcription method that employs the standard spelling system of each target language.

Examples of orthographic transcription are "Pushkin" and "Pouchkine", respectively the English and French orthographic transcriptions of the surname "Пу́шкин" in the name Алекса́ндр Пу́шкин (Alexander Pushkin). Thus, each target language (English and French) transcribes the surname according to its own orthography.

Contrast with phonetic transcription, phonemic orthography, transliteration, and translation.
Loeb & Loeb
Loeb & Loeb LLP is a multi-service law firm with nine offices across the United States and Asia. The firm has more than 450 lawyers worldwide and represents a range of organizations in addition to high-net-worth individuals and families.

Based on size and revenue, the firm ranks in the top 200 law firms in the United States according to The National Law Journal's 2023 NLJ 500 and The American Lawyer's 2023 Am Law 200 listings.

Loeb is recognized for its depth in practice areas including entertainment and media, technology, advertising, financial services, trusts and estates, and real estate. The firm handles a variety of transactional, counseling, and dispute-related practices.

Law firm
A law firm is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law. The primary service rendered by a law firm is to advise clients (individuals or corporations) about their legal rights and responsibilities, and to represent clients in civil or criminal cases, business transactions, and other matters in which legal advice and other assistance are sought.
Henry Aylmer (Canadian politician)
Henry Aylmer (April 25, 1843 – July 28, 1918) was a Canadian soldier and politician.

Born in Melbourne, Canada East, the son of Udolphus Aylmer, 7th Baron Aylmer and Mary Journeaux, Aylmer was educated at the High School of Montreal and the Royal Naval College in Portsmouth, England. He served in the Canadian militia during the Fenian raids and was a lieutenant in the Royal Marine Artillery. He organized the Richmond Field Battery in 1876 and held command until November 1887, when he retired with rank of lieutenant-colonel.

In 1870, he married Louisa Blanche Fanny, a daughter of Dr H. A. Howe, Rector of Montreal High School. Aylmer practised law in his home town of Melbourne. He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral district of Richmond—Wolfe in an 1874 by-election. A Liberal, he was elected in the 1874 federal election. He was defeated in 1878 and again in 1896. Aylmer died in Lennoxville at the age of 75.

Canada East
Canada East (French: Canada-Est) was the northeastern portion of the Province of Canada. Lord Durham's Report investigating the causes of the Upper and Lower Canada Rebellions recommended merging those two colonies. The new colony, known as the Province of Canada, was created by the Act of Union 1840 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, having effect in 1841. For administrative purposes, the new Province was subdivided into Canada West and Canada East.  The former name of "Lower Canada" came back into official use in 1849, and as of Canadian Confederation of 1867 it formed the newly created province of Quebec.

An estimated 890,000 people lived in Canada East in 1851.
Changsha WES Academy
Changsha WES Academy (Chinese: 长沙玮希国际学校) is a K-12 international school located in Changsha, Hunan province, China, established in 2010. It is the only school for children of foreign personnel approved by the Ministry of Education in Hunan province, and the only K–12 international school in the province with English as the primary language of instruction.

The school is accredited by the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO), Cambridge Assessment International Education (CIE), and Council of International Schools (CIS).

Cambridge International Education
Cambridge International Education (abbreviated CIE, informally known as Cambridge International or simply Cambridge and formerly known as CAIE, Cambridge Assessment International Education and CIE, Cambridge International Examinations) is a provider of international qualifications, offering examinations and qualifications to 10,000 schools in more than 160 countries. It is part of Cambridge University Press & Assessment, a non-profit and non-teaching department of the University of Cambridge.
V. Muniyappa
Vadigenahalli Munishamappa Muniyappa (born 20 April 1947) is an Indian politician from Karnataka. A member of the Indian National Congress, he has served multiple terms as a Member of the Legislative Assembly representing the Sidlaghatta constituency in Chikkaballapur district.

Muniyappa was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly six times since 1983 and has contested the MLA elections from Sidlaghatta nine times. He contested the Lok Sabha election once, in 1996. He served as a cabinet minister in the governments of S. Bangarappa (1991), Veerappa Moily (1993), and S. M. Krishna (1999), holding portfolios including Sericulture, Energy, and Mines & Geology. In January 2019, he was appointed as the Political Secretary to Chief Minister H. D. Kumaraswamy.

Karnataka Council of Ministers
The Karnataka Council of Ministers is the executive wing of Government of Karnataka and headed by Chief Minister of Karnataka, who is the head of government and leader of the state cabinet. The term of every executive wing is for 5 years. The council of ministers are assisted by department secretaries attached to each ministry who are from IAS Karnataka Cadre. The chief executive officer responsible for issuing orders on behalf of government is Chief Secretary to the state government.
Gwillim
Gwillim is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Gwillim (born 1948), English actor

Elizabeth Gwillim (bird artist) (1763–1807), English artist and naturalist

Elizabeth Simcoe (1762–1850), née Elizabeth Posthuma Gwillim, English artist and diarist in colonial Canada

Gareth Gwillim (born 1983), English professional footballer

Henry Gwillim (c. 1760–1837), British judge

Jack Gwillim (1909–2001), English character actor

Moore Gwillim (died 1611), Welsh politician

Sarah-Jane Gwillim, British television and stage actress

Elizabeth Gwillim (bird artist)
Elizabeth, Lady Gwillim (née Symonds; 21 April 1763 – 21 December 1807) was an English artist and naturalist. While living in Madras (now Chennai), India, from 1801 to 1807, Lady Gwillim painted a series of about 200 watercolours of Indian birds. Produced about 20 years before John James Audubon published his famous The Birds of America (1827–1839), Gwillim's work has been acclaimed for its accuracy and natural postures––she made her watercolours by observing living birds, sometimes in their natural environments.
Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam
Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam, (English: Pontianak Scent of the Tuber Rose) is a 2004 Malaysian Malay-language horror film directed and written by Shuhaimi Baba starring Maya Karin, Azri Iskandar and Rosyam Nor. The storyline of the film revolves around a restless female ghost who wants to avenge her death.

Produced by Persona Pictures, starring Maya Karin, the film is about a restless spirit (pontianak) Meriam who seeks revenge upon those who killed her. The film was a major box office success in Malaysia.  It was one of the first horror films to be released after the relaxation of 1990s censorship laws.

A sequel, Pontianak Harum Sundal Malam 2, was released on 24 November 2005. It is about Meriam continuing her revenge on the family of Marsani until Zali, a son of Marsani dies for saving her daughter Maria.

Vengeful ghost
In mythology and folklore, a  vengeful ghost or vengeful spirit is said to be the spirit of a dead person who returns from the afterlife to seek revenge for a cruel, unnatural or unjust death. In certain cultures where funeral and burial or cremation ceremonies are important, such vengeful spirits may also be considered as unhappy ghosts of individuals who have not been given a proper funeral.
American Morse code
American Morse Code — also known as Railroad Morse — is the latter-day name for the original version of the Morse Code, developed in the mid-1840s by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail for their electric telegraph. The "American" qualifier was added because, after most of the rest of the world adopted "International Morse Code," the companies that continued to use the original Morse Code were mainly located in the United States. American Morse is now nearly extinct—it is most frequently seen in American railroad museums and American Civil War reenactments—and "Morse Code" today virtually always means the International Morse which supplanted American Morse.

American Civil War reenactment
American Civil War reenactment is an effort to recreate the appearance of a particular battle or other event associated with the American Civil War by hobbyists known (in the United States) as Civil War reenactors, or living historians.

Although most common in the United States, there are also American Civil War reenactors in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, Italy, Denmark, Sweden, and Poland.
Bernadette Beauvais
Bernadette Beauvais (born 18 June 1949) is a French politician who represented the 6th constituency of the Seine-et-Marne department in the National Assembly for less than a month in 2021.

Following the resignation of Jean-François Parigi of The Republicans, of whom she was the substitute, she resigned in turn from Parliament, opting to continue serving as Mayor of Étrépilly instead.

Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Seine and Marne') is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197. Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.
Teilifís na Gaeilge (corporation)
Teilifís na Gaeilge is the corporation in charge of operating the Irish language television channels TG4 and Cúla 4; the corporation is a public service broadcaster.

The corporation was created on 1 April 2007 in order to independently manage the TG4 television station which had up to this point been managed by Raidió Teilifís Éireann since 1996 when broadcasting operations commenced. The television station was originally called Teilifís na Gaeilge (TnaG); but in 1999, it was rebranded as TG4.

The Broadcasting Act 2009 sets out the details of the law that applies to the corporation, including the duties and functions of the board, as well as that of the chairperson of the board and the director general.

Cúla4
Cúla4 (Irish: Cúla Ceathair) is an Irish-language programming block and standalone television channel operated by TG4 for Irish-speaking children in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The channel broadcasts free-to-air from 6am to 7:54pm, timesharing with TG4 +1, which starts at 8pm.
Maisa Torppa
Maisa Elina Torppa (née Heinola, born 17 April 1991) is a Finnish TV personality, practical nurse and flight attendant. She earned the title of Miss Bikini Finland in 2009.

A former TV chat host, Maisa Torppa has been at the center of media attention since her early adulthood. In 2012, she participated in Viidakon tähtöset, a celebrity version of Survivor. Since then, she has participated in at least six more reality shows, one of them starring her and fellow reality star Niko Saarinen (Maisan ja Nikon luksusmatkat).

Between 2016 and 2019, Torppa was in a relationship with rally driver Jari-Matti Latvala. The relationship was widely followed in the Finnish media.

Survivor (franchise)
Survivor is a reality-competition television franchise produced globally. The show features a group of contestants deliberately marooned in an isolated location, where they must provide basic survival necessities for themselves. The contestants compete in challenges for rewards and immunity from elimination. The contestants are progressively eliminated from the game as they are voted out by their fellow contestants until only one remains to be awarded the grand prize and named the "Sole Survivor".

The British television producer Charlie Parsons developed the format for Survivor in 1992 for Planet 24, a United Kingdom television production company; the Swedish version, which debuted in September 1997 as Expedition Robinson, became the first Survivor series to be broadcast on television. Since its launch in 2000, the flagship American version of Survivor has aired 49 seasons of the show. The 50th season, commemorating the show's 25th anniversary, began airing February 2026.
Nizi International
Nizi International S.A. is a metals trading company headquartered in Capellen, Luxembourg. Nizi is owned by the Norwegian company Holta Invest and part of the Nizi Group. It was founded by Nicolas Zimmer in 1898, making it one of the oldest companies in its field of activity in Europe. Its main products are ferro alloys, foundry products, base metals and concentrates. Being a former part of the Tinfos Group, Nizi International was fully acquired by Holta Invest in 2010 and subsequently changed its name from Tinfos Nizi to Nizi International S.A. Nizi International is closed 2022.

Nizi International owns fellow metal trading and manufacturing companies such as Chemalloy and Miller in the US, Keyvest in Belgium and, since 2018, MPT in Sweden.

Base metal
A base metal is a common and inexpensive metal, as opposed to a precious metal such as gold or silver.  In numismatics, coins often derived their value  from the precious metal content; however, base metals have also been used in coins in the past and today.
Cullmann
Cullmann or Cullman is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernd Cullmann (1939–2025), West German athlete

Bernhard Cullmann (born 1949), German footballer

Carl Culmann (1821–1881), German structural engineer

Edgar M. Cullman (1918–2011), American businessman

Howard S. Cullman (1891–1972), American civil servant and philanthropist

John G. Cullmann (1823–1895), Bavarian-born political activist and founder of Cullman, Alabama

Joseph Cullman (1912–2004), American businessman

Nan Ogburn Cullman (1929–2015), American singer and philanthropist

Oscar Cullmann (1902–1999), Christian theologian in the Lutheran tradition

Howard S. Cullman
Howard S. Cullman (September 23, 1891 – June 29, 1972) was an American civil servant, philanthropist, theatrical investor, and political organizer. He served on the board of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey for 42 years—acting as its Chairman from 1945 to 1955—and was actively involved in civic projects as well as in the financing and support of American theatre productions.
Victor Kristiansen
Victor Bernth Flesner Kristiansen (Danish pronunciation: [ˈviɡ.tɒ ˈkʰʁis.djæn.sən]; born 16 December 2002) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a left-back for EFL Championship club Leicester City and the Denmark national team.

Danish Superliga
The Danish Superliga (Danish: Superligaen, pronounced [ˈsuˀpɐliːˌkɛˀn̩]) is a professional association football league in Denmark and the highest level of the Danish football league system. The league is currently contested by 12 teams each year, with 2 teams relegated. It is the current Danish football championship tournament, and administered by the Divisionsforeningen.
Comingone Ymbon
Comingone Ymbon is an Indian politician from Meghalaya. He has been elected in Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election in 2018 from Raliang constituency as candidate of National People's Party. He was Minister of Fisheries, General Administration in Conrad Sangma ministry from 2018.

National People's Party (India)
The National People's Party is a conservative national political party in India. It is mostly concentrated in Meghalaya. Founded by P. A. Sangma after his expulsion from the Nationalist Congress Party in July 2012, it was accorded national party status on 7 June 2019. It is the first political party from Northeast India to have attained this status.
Michaux (surname)
Michaux is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

André Michaux (1746–1802), French botanist and explorer

Bernard Michaux (1921–1987), Luxembourgian footballer

François André Michaux (1770–1855), French botanist

Henri Michaux (1899–1984), Belgian-French writer

Lewis H. Michaux (1884/5–1976), African-American activist and bookseller

Lightfoot Solomon Michaux (1883–1969), American entrepreneur and televangelist

Mickey Michaux, American state legislator from North Carolina

Pierre Michaux (1813–1883), French blacksmith, inventor of pedal bicycles

Mickey Michaux
Henry McKinley "Mickey" Michaux Jr. (born September 4, 1930) is an American civil rights activist and Democratic member of the North Carolina General Assembly. He represented the state's thirty-first House district from 1983 to 2019 and previously served from 1973 through 1977. The district included constituents in Durham County. Upon his retirement, Michaux was the longest-serving member of the North Carolina General Assembly. In the 2007-2008 session, Michaux served as senior chairman of the House Appropriations Committee and chairman of the House Select Committee on Street Gang Prevention.

In 2020, at age 89, Michaux was appointed to fill a seat in the North Carolina Senate temporarily, following the resignation of Sen. Floyd McKissick, Jr.