hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Warfare in Sumer
Warfare in Sumer predominantly consisted of small-scale conflicts between nearby city-states. Sumerian armies consisted of bronze-armoured soldiers armed with various weapons, including spears, swords and sickle-swords, engaging each other in phalanx-like formations. When besieging cities, battering rams and sappers would be used to breach the defences; on the open battlefield, chariots were also used. Most wars were fought because of inter-city rivalries, or for wealth, resources, and prestige. Military victories were later glorified in Mesopotamian art — a major source of historical information.

Kish (Sumer)
Kish (Sumerian: Kiš; transliteration: Kiški; cuneiform: 𒆧𒆠; Akkadian: Kiššatu, near modern Tell al-Uhaymir) is an important archaeological site in Babil Governorate (Iraq), located 80 km (50 mi) south of Baghdad and 12 km (7.5 mi) east of the ancient city of Babylon. The Ubaid period site of Ras al-Amiyah is 8 km (5.0 mi) away. It was occupied from the Ubaid period to the Hellenistic period. In Early Dynastic times the city's patron deity was Ishtar with her consort Ea. Her temple, at Tell Ingharra, was (E)-hursag-kalama. By Old Babylonian times the patron deities had become Zababa, along with his consort, the goddess Bau and Istar. His temple Emeteursag (later Ekišiba) was at Uhaimir.
Kharaba Bridge
The Kharaba Bridge is a Roman bridge in the village of Kharaba in the fertile Hauran region of Syria, close to the city of Bosra (ancient Bostra).

The bridge crosses the Wadi Zeidi, a tributary of the Yarmuk, 3.5 km northwest of Bosra. It has three semi-circular arches, each 3.8 m clear, that rest on 2.4 m wide piers with a height of 2.5 m to the springing level. The bridge width is 4.52 m. At the eastern side exists a small squarish floodway which is supported by a column with capital. The vaults and the covering are predominantly built with black greenish basalt ashlar; overall, the ancient structure is still in a fairly good condition.

There are at least two more Roman bridges crossing the Wadi Zeidi: the Gemarrin Bridge and one at At-Tayyibeh.

Yarmuk (river)
The Yarmuk River (Arabic: نهر اليرموك, romanized: Nahr al-Yarmūk, Hebrew: נְהַר הַיַּרְמוּךְ‎, romanized: Nəhar hayYarmūḵ;  Greek: Ἱερομύκης, Hieromýkēs; Latin: Hieromyces or Heromicas; sometimes spelled Yarmouk) is the largest tributary of the Jordan River. It runs in Jordan, Syria and Israel, and drains much of the Hauran plateau. Its main tributaries are the wadis of 'Allan and Ruqqad from the north, Ehreir and Zeizun from the east. Although the Yarmuk is narrow and shallow throughout its course, at its mouth it is nearly as wide as the Jordan, measuring 30 ft (9.1 m) in breadth and 5 ft (1.5 m) in depth.
Eupithecia selinata
Eupithecia selinata is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found from Japan through the Amur Region, Siberia, the Urals, Caucasus and Russia to western Europe and from southern Fennoscandia to the Alps.

The wingspan is 18–21 mm. The fore- and hindwings are dark greyish brown. There is one generation per year with adults on wing from the end of May to August.

The larvae feed on various Apiaceae species, including Aegopodium podagraria, Heracleum sphondylium, Peucedanum oreoselinum, Peucedanum palustre and Angelica sylvestris. Larvae can be found from June to September. It overwinters as a pupa.

Aegopodium podagraria
Aegopodium podagraria, commonly called ground elder, is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family Apiaceae that grows in shady places. The name "ground elder" comes from the superficial similarity of its leaves and flowers to those of elder (Sambucus), which is not closely related. Other common names include herb gerard, bishop's weed, goutweed, gout wort, snow-in-the-mountain, English masterwort and wild masterwort. It is the type species of the genus Aegopodium. It is native to Europe and Asia, but has been introduced around the world as an ornamental plant, where it occasionally poses an ecological threat as an invasive exotic plant.
Kilgore (band)
Kilgore (formerly Kilgore Smudge) is an American heavy metal band formed in Providence, Rhode Island in 1991. The band is named after the character Kilgore Trout in the Kurt Vonnegut classic Breakfast of Champions. Through a number of band name and line-up changes, Kilgore released two albums, Blue Collar Solitude (1995) and A Search for Reason (1998). The band landed a slot on the 1998 Ozzfest. They followed with a 1998 national tour with Slayer and Fear Factory and a 1998 European tour with Fear Factory and Spineshank.

Kilgore Trout
Kilgore Trout is a fictional character created by author Kurt Vonnegut (1922–2007). Trout is a notably unsuccessful author of paperback science fiction novels.

"Trout" was inspired by the name of science fiction author Theodore Sturgeon (1918–1985). Vonnegut was amused by the notion of a person with the name of a fish, and hence substituted "Trout" for "Sturgeon". Trout's appearances in a number of Vonnegut's works have led critics to also view the character as the author's own alter ego.

In an homage to Vonnegut, Kilgore Trout is also the ostensible author of the novel Venus on the Half-Shell (1975), written pseudonymously by Philip José Farmer.
Timber Ridge Ski Area
Timber Ridge is a ski area located in Pine Grove Township, Van Buren County, near Gobles, Michigan. It is family oriented ski area that has eight ski lifts, two terrain parks, and a tubing park. The terrain difficulty ranges from beginner to advanced, where most of the trails are at easy or intermediate levels. Timber Ridge Ski Patrol was named the National Ski Patrol's 2007-2008 Central Division Outstanding Large Patrol.

Ski lift
A ski lift is a mechanism for transporting skiers up a hill. Ski lifts are typically a paid service at ski resorts. The first ski lift was built in 1908 by German Robert Winterhalder in Schollach/Eisenbach, Hochschwarzwald.
Gilles Grapinet
Gilles Grapinet, born July 3, 1963, in Aix-en-Provence (Bouches-du-Rhône), is a French public servant and businessman.

He was the CEO of Worldline, once a European leader in the payments and transactional services industry, that, in 2025, is struggling to remain relevant, after laying out 8% of the total workforce, a program called Power24. Nonetheless, that programs did not address fundamental organizational issues, the company is still crippled by processes, time consuming but inefficient. It is still listed in the CAC 40.

Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, often known as simply Aix, is a city and commune in southern France, about 30 km (20 mi) north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 148,000. Its inhabitants are called Aixois or, less commonly, Aquisextains.
Flash Film Works
Flash Film Works is a computer graphics company that provides visual effects for films, television shows and commercials. It is owned by director William Mesa and is located in Los Angeles, California.

The Waterboy
The Waterboy is a 1998 American sports comedy film directed by Frank Coraci. It was written by Adam Sandler and Tim Herlihy, and produced by Robert Simonds and Jack Giarraputo. Sandler also stars as the title character, while Kathy Bates, Fairuza Balk, Henry Winkler, Jerry Reed, Lawrence Gilliard Jr., Blake Clark, Peter Dante, and Jonathan Loughran play other characters.

Lynn Swann, Lawrence Taylor, Jimmy Johnson, Bill Cowher, Paul "The Big Show" Wight, and Rob Schneider have cameo appearances. The Waterboy was produced by Touchstone Pictures, Jack Giarraputo Productions and Robert Simonds Productions and released by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution on November 6, 1998. Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, the film was extremely profitable, earning $39.4 million in its opening weekend alone in the United States, and earning a total of $190.2 million worldwide against a $23 million budget.
Kohlmeyeriella
Kohlmeyeriella is a genus of fungi within the Lulworthiaceae family.

The genus name of Kohlmeyeriella is in honour of Jan Justus Kohlmeyer (b.1928), a (German born) American botanist (Mycology) from the University of North Carolina.

The genus was circumscribed by Evan Benjamin Gareth Jones, R.G. Johnson and Stephen Thomas Moss in 1983.

Evan Benjamin Gareth Jones
Evan Benjamin Gareth Jones (born 1937) is a British mycologist. His main area of research interest is aquatic fungi, particularly marine fungi. He has supervised about 100 PhD and MSc students, published approximately 600 research articles and is a highly cited scientist. Other research interests include marine biofouling, biodeterioration of materials, and wood decay by fungi.

Jones earned a PhD from the University of Leeds in 1963, where his supervisors were Irene Manton and David Jennings.
Louros (river)
The Louros (Greek: Λούρος) is a river in the Epirus region, in northwestern Greece. It is 80 km (50 mi) long, and its drainage area is 963 km2 (372 sq mi). It emerges from the ground in a large spring located immediately north of the village of Vouliasta, in the Ioannina regional unit.  It flows south through a canyon, and then a dam followed by a hydroelectric power station.  The Louros flows past the town of Filippiada, forming the boundary between Arta regional unit and the Preveza regional unit.  The river then veers east into the Preveza regional unit, flowing through the municipality of Louros, named after the river.  The Louros then empties into the marshes at the northern end of the Ambracian Gulf.

With Strymon River, Louros is one of only two rivers in the world where the critically endangered Greek lamprey (Caspiomyzon hellenicus) has been found.

Agios Dimitrios, Ioannina
Agios Dimitrios (Greek: Άγιος Δημήτριος) is a former municipality in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Dodoni, of which it is a municipal unit. Population 3,277 (2021), its area is 231.473 km². The seat of the municipality was in Theriakisi.  The largest village is Kato Mousiotitsa which has a school, gymnasium and lyceum. The municipal unit covers the northwestern part of the Xerovouni mountains.
Douaisis Agglo
Douaisis Agglo (before 2019: Communauté d'agglomération du Douaisis) is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Douai. It is located in the Nord department, in the Hauts-de-France region, northern France. It was created in January 2014. Its seat is in Douai. Its area is 235.7 km2. Its population was 148,784 in 2019, of which 39,613 in Douai proper.

Nord (French department)
Nord (French pronunciation: [nɔʁ] ⓘ; officially French: département du Nord; Picard: départémint dech Nord; Dutch: Noorderdepartement, lit. 'northern department') is a department in Hauts-de-France region, France, bordering Belgium. It was created from the western halves of the historical counties of Flanders and Hainaut, and the Bishopric of Cambrai. The modern coat of arms was inherited from the County of Flanders.

Nord is the country's most populous département. It had a population of 2,608,346 in 2019. It also contains the metropolitan region of Lille (the main city and the prefecture of the département), the fourth-largest urban area in France after Paris, Lyon and Marseille. The department is the part of France where the French Flemish dialect of Dutch has historically been spoken as a native language. Similarly, the distinct French Picard dialect Ch'ti is spoken there.
Charles Pangle
Charles L. "Chuck" Pangle (June 5, 1941 – December 25, 2015) was an American businessman and politician.

Born in Bradley, Illinois, Pangle graduated from Bradley Bourbonnais Community High School and then served in the United States Navy. He went to Kankakee Community College and University of California. He was a realtor, lobbyist, and owned a collection agency. Pangle lived in Bourbonnais, Illinois. He served as the county treasurer for Kankakee County, Illinois and was a Democrat. Pangle was an unsuccessful candidate for the Illinois House of Representatives in the 1976 general election. Pangle served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1983 to 1987. Pangle worked for the Illinois Department of Conservation. He then switched to the Republican Party; in 1992, he ran for a seat in the Illinois Senate and lost the election. He died at his home in Bourbonnais, Illinois.

Bradley, Illinois
Bradley (formerly North Kankakee) is a village in Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb of the city of Kankakee. The population was 15,419 at the 2020 census.

Bradley is a principal city of the Kankakee–Bradley Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Kankakee County. The county is also part of the larger Chicago–Naperville–Michigan City, IL-IN-WI Combined Statistical Area.

Bradley is home to the Northfield Square Mall.
2022 Firenze Open
The 2022 Firenze Open (also known as the 2022 UniCredit Firenze Open for sponsorship) is a professional men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 1st edition of the ATP Florence event since 1994, and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2022 ATP Tour. It was played at Palazzo Wanny in Florence, Italy, from 10 to 16 October 2022.

The event was one of the six tournaments that were given single-year ATP 250 licenses in September and October 2022 due to the cancellation of tournaments in China because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

ATP Florence
The Florence Open is a defunct men's tennis tournament founded also known as the International City of Florence Tournament or Torneo Internazionali Citta di Firenze. It was part of the Rothman's Spring Mediterranean circuit in 1973, the Grand Prix tennis circuit from 1974 until 1989 and the ATP Tour from 1990 until 1994. The tournament was held in Florence, Italy and was played on outdoor clay courts. From 1973 until 1989, it was played in the weeks preceding the French Open; however, from 1990, it was played the week immediately after.

Italian Paolo Bertolucci won the event a record three consecutive times from 1975 through 1977, with clay court specialist Thomas Muster repeating the feat from 1991 through 1993.

The event was resumed in October 2022 as an ATP Tour 250 event with a single-year license due to the cancellation of tournaments in China because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Poole v. Fleeger
Poole v. Fleeger, 36 U.S. (11 Pet.) 185 (1837), is a 7-to-0 ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States which held that the states of Kentucky and Tennessee had properly entered into an agreement establishing a mutual border between the two states. The plaintiffs in the case were granted title to property improperly conveyed by the state of Tennessee north of this border. In the ruling, the Supreme Court asserted the fundamental right of states and nations to establish their borders regardless of private contract, and made a fundamental statement about the rights of parties to object to a trial court ruling under the rules of civil procedure.

Possession (law)
In law, possession is the exercise of dominion by a person over property to the exclusion of others.  To possess something, a person must have an intention to possess it and an apparent purpose to assert control over it. A person may be in possession of some piece of property without being its owner. The possession of property is commonly regulated under the property law of a jurisdiction.
Sheller
Sheller is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Sheller (1838–1900), Russian writer

Marty Sheller (born 1940), American jazz trumpeter and arranger

Mimi Sheller (born 1967), American sociologist

William Sheller (born 1946), French classical composer and singer

Mimi Sheller
Mimi Sheller (born 1967) is Dean of The Global School at Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts, USA. From 2009 to 2021 she was professor of sociology in the Department of Culture and Communication, and the founding Director of the New Mobilities Research and Policy Center at Drexel University in Philadelphia. She is widely cited and considered a "key theorist in  mobilities studies" and specializes in the post-colonial context of the Caribbean.
Banyan Valley Cave
Banyan Valley Cave is an archaeological site in Pang Mapha district, Mae Hong Son Province, northwestern Thailand. It was sporadically occupied from around 4000 BC until ca. 1000 AD by the Neolithic Hoabinhian culture and subsequent metal culture. It was discovered and excavated by Chester Gorman in 1972, following his excavations of the nearby Spirit Cave.

Mae Hong Son province
Mae Hong Son province Thai: แม่ฮ่องสอน, pronounced [mɛ̂ː.hɔ̂ŋ.sɔ̌ːn],  (Northern Thai: ᨾᩯ᩵ᩁᩬ᩵ᨦᩈᩬᩁ, Burmese: မဲဟောင်ဆောင်, Shan: မႄႈႁွင်ႈသွၼ်), formerly called Mae Rong Son), also spelled Maehongson, Mae Hong Sorn or Maehongsorn, is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat). It lies in upper northern Thailand and is the westernmost province. Neighboring provinces are (clockwise from north) Shan State of Myanmar, Chiang Mai and Tak. To the west, the province borders Kayin State and Kayah State of Myanmar.
Mae Hong Son's nickname is "the city of three mists". It is hemmed in by the high mountain ranges of the Shan Hills and is the most mountainous province in Thailand, occupying 12,765 square kilometres (4,929 sq mi). The province is often covered with mist. Mae Hong Son town was originally established in the early 19th century as an elephant training camp as ordered by the then King of Chiang Mai.
As of 2012, Mae Hong Son was the poorest province in Thailand.
Cantonese profanity
The five most common Cantonese profanities, vulgar words in the Cantonese language are diu (屌/𨳒), gau (㞗/𨳊/鳩), lan (𡳞/𨶙/撚), tsat (杘/𨳍/柒) and hai (㞓/屄/閪), where the first ("diu") literally means fuck, "hai" is a word for female genitalia and "gau" refers to male genitalia. They are sometimes collectively known as the "outstanding five in Cantonese" (廣東話一門五傑). These five words are generally offensive and give rise to a variety of euphemisms and minced oaths. Similar to the seven dirty words in the United States, these five words are forbidden to say and are bleep-censored on Hong Kong broadcast television. Other curse phrases, such as puk gai (仆街/踣街) and ham gaa caan (冚家鏟/咸家鏟), are also common.

Euphemism
contraceptives

menstrual pads and tampons

adult diapers

A euphemism is the substitution of a potentially offensive or unpleasant word or expression with one that is more pleasant or inoffensive. Some euphemisms are humorous, while others use mild or neutral language to downplay certain concepts. They can often be used to soften profanity or discuss sensitive or taboo topics, such as disability, sex, bodily functions, pain, violence, illness, or death, in a more polite manner.
Kanongesha-Lunda people
The Kanongesha-Lunda (also called the Western Lunda) are an ethnic group living mainly in the North-Western Province of Zambia under Senior Chief Kanongesha, around the provincial capital Mwinilunga. The Lunda people of North-Western Province consists of Kanongesha Lunda and Ishindi Lunda.

They are descended from the Lunda people of the Lunda Kingdom and are closely related to Lunda people in Angola and DR Congo who like them speak Chilunda. They are also related to the Kazembe-Lunda or Eastern Lunda, but the latter speak Chibemba.

Lunda Empire
The Lunda Empire or Lunda Commonwealth was a confederation or commonwealth of states in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo, north-eastern Angola, and north-western Zambia. Its central state was in Katanga.
Sexy (magazine)
Sexy is a Brazilian men's magazine published by Editora Rickdan. It was founded by Michael Koellreutter in 1992. The magazine is the main competitor of Playboy in Brazil, and has had women such as Andressa Urach, Viviane Araújo, Nana Gouvêa, and Geisy Arruda on its covers.

Andressa Urach
Andressa de Faveri Urach (born 11 October 1987) is a Brazilian reality television personality and porn actress, best known for being a contestant on the sixth season of A Fazenda, the Brazilian version of The Farm.
CSM Vaslui (football)
Clubul Sportiv Municipal Vaslui, commonly known as CSM Vaslui, or simply as Vaslui, is a Romanian football team based in Vaslui, Vaslui County, currently playing in the Liga III. The team represents the football section of the multi-sport club CSM Vaslui, which also include basketball, athletics and handball sections.

Liga IV Vaslui
Liga IV Vaslui is the county Liga IV football division for clubs in Vaslui County, Romania. The competition is ranked as the fourth tier of the Romanian football league system and is organized by AJF Vaslui – Asociația Județeană de Fotbal (lit. 'County Football Association').

It is contested by a variable number of teams, depending on the number of teams relegated from Liga III, the number of teams promoted from Liga V Vaslui, and the teams that withdraw or enter the competition. The winner may or may not be promoted to Liga III, depending on the result of a promotion play-off contested against the winner of a neighboring county series.
Top Chef: Charleston
Top Chef: Charleston is the fourteenth season of the American reality television series Top Chef. The season was announced by Bravo on October 13, 2016, which premiered on December 1, 2016, and concluded on March 2, 2017. Filming initially took place in Charleston, South Carolina, beginning in May 2016, while the season's final episodes were filmed in areas across Mexico, including Guadalajara and the Yucatán Peninsula. Top Chef: Charleston featured eight new contestants competing against eight returning contestants from previous seasons. MasterChef and Top Chef Masters alumnus Graham Elliot debuted as a recurring judge, alongside returning judges Padma Lakshmi, Tom Colicchio, and Gail Simmons. In the season finale, Top Chef: Seattle runner-up Brooke Williamson was declared the winner over Top Chef: New Orleans finalist Shirley Chung. Top Chef: Seattle finalist Sheldon Simeon was voted Fan Favorite, his second Fan Favorite win.

MasterChef (American TV series)
MasterChef is an American competitive cooking reality television series that premiered on Fox on July 27, 2010. Based on the British series of the same name and produced by Endemol Shine North America and One Potato Two Potato, the series features amateur and home chefs competing to win the title of MasterChef. As of the show's fifteenth season, the line-up of judges consists of Gordon Ramsay, Joe Bastianich, and Tiffany Derry.

The fifteenth season, subtitled Dynamic Duos, aired May–September 2025. In October 2025, the series was renewed for a sixteenth and seventeenth season, with judges Ramsay, Bastianich, and Derry all returning. The sixteenth season, subtitled Global Gauntlet, is set to premiere in April 2026.
Clientis Caisse d'Epargne CEC
Clientis Caisse d’Epargne CEC is a Swiss regional bank located in Courtelary, canton of Bern. Other bank offices are in Saint-Imier, Sonceboz, Tramelan and La Chaux-de-Fonds.

The Caisse d'Epargne du Courtelary District was founded in 1829 on the initiative of Charles Ferdinand Morel.  He was a priest in Corgémont and wanted to support the local population as well as the economic development of the region.

The business area has traditionally been in retail banking, mortgage banking, private banking and banking with small and medium enterprises.

Clientis Caisse d'Epargne CEC is an independent regional bank of the RBA holding company.

Tramelan
Tramelan (French pronunciation: [tʁamlɑ̃]) is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura (Jura Bernois).