hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ashley Riley
Ashley Riley (born April 27, 1995) is a male sprinter from Nassau, Bahamas, who mainly competes in the 400m. He attended CR Walker High School in Nassau, Bahamas, before going on to compete for Colby Community College and
Southeastern Louisiana University.

Riley won a silver medal at the 2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Portland, Oregon, by running the third leg in the first heat on the 4 x 400 Relay. He also competed in the 4 x 400 Relay at the 2016 NACAC U23 Championships in Athletics in San Salvador, El Salvador.

Southeastern Louisiana University
Southeastern Louisiana University (Southeastern) is a public university in Hammond, Louisiana. It was founded in 1925 by Linus A. Sims as Hammond Junior College. Sims succeeded in getting the campus moved to north Hammond in 1928, when it became known as Southeastern Louisiana College. It achieved university status in 1970.

In the fall of 2019 there were 14,298 students enrolled. During the 1990s, Southeastern was one of the fastest-growing colleges in the United States. The university is the third largest in Louisiana, trailing only LSU and the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.

Southeastern's colors are green and gold, and the mascot is a lion named Roomie. Southeastern's sports teams participate in NCAA Division I (FCS for football) in the Southland Conference.
Bjordal Church
Bjordal Church (Norwegian: Bjordal kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Høyanger Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Bjordal. It is one of the two churches for the Bjordal og Ortnevik parish which is part of the Sunnfjord prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1906 using plans drawn up by the architect Victor Nordan, the son of the famous Norwegian church architect Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 160 people.

Diocese of Bjørgvin
The Diocese of Bjørgvin (Norwegian: Bjørgvin bispedømme) is one of the 11 dioceses that make up the Church of Norway. It includes all of the churches located in the county of Vestland in Western Norway, and those outside of Norway in the Seamen's Church. The cathedral city is Bergen, Norway's second largest city. Bergen Cathedral, formerly the Church of Saint Olaf, serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The Bishop since 2023 has been Ragnhild Jepsen.
Index-matching material
In optics, an index-matching material is a substance, usually a liquid, cement (adhesive), or gel, which has an index of refraction that closely approximates that of another object (such as a lens, material, fiber-optic, etc.).

When two substances with the same index are in contact, light passes from one to the other with neither reflection nor refraction. As such, they are used for various purposes in science, engineering, and art.

For example, in a popular home experiment, a glass rod is made almost invisible by immersing it in an index-matched transparent fluid such as mineral spirits.

Gel
A gel is a semi-solid that can have properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and tough. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady state, although the liquid phase may still diffuse through this system.

Gels are mostly liquid by mass, yet they behave like solids because of a three-dimensional cross-linked network within the liquid. It is the cross-linking within the fluid that gives a gel its structure (hardness) and contributes to the adhesive stick (tack). In this way, gels are a dispersion of molecules of a liquid within a solid medium. The word gel was coined by 19th-century Scottish chemist Thomas Graham by clipping from gelatine.

The process of forming a gel is called gelation.
Quantum optics
Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry that studies the behavior of photons (individual quanta of light). It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons and their interaction with, for instance, atoms and molecules. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.

Super-Poissonian distribution
In mathematics, a super-Poissonian distribution is a probability distribution that has a larger variance than a Poisson distribution with the same mean. Conversely, a sub-Poissonian distribution has a smaller variance.

An example of a super-Poissonian distribution is the negative binomial distribution.

The Poisson distribution is a result of a process where the time (or an equivalent measure) between events has an exponential distribution, representing a memoryless process.
D-tryptophan N-malonyltransferase
In enzymology, a D-tryptophan N-malonyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.112) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

malonyl-CoA + D-tryptophan  CoA + N2-malonyl-D-tryptophan

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are malonyl-CoA and D-tryptophan, whereas its two products are CoA and N2-malonyl-D-tryptophan.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is malonyl-CoA:D-tryptophan N-malonyltransferase.

Acyltransferase
Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl groups.

Examples include:

Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases

Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase

Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase
Cobalt-precorrin 5A hydrolase
Cobalt-precorrin 5A hydrolase (EC 3.7.1.12), CbiG (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name cobalt-precorrin 5A acylhydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

cobalt-precorrin-5A + H2O  cobalt-precorrin-5B + acetaldehyde + 2 H+

This enzyme hydrolyses the ring A acetate delta-lactone of cobalt-precorrin-5A and releases a two-carbon fragment from the macrocyclic corrin ring as acetaldehyde. This is part of the biosynthetic pathway to cobalamin (vitamin B12) in anaerobic bacteria such as Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus megaterium.

Corrin
Corrin is a heterocyclic compound.  Although not known to exist on its own, the molecule is of interest as the parent macrocycle related to the cofactor and chromophore in vitamin B12. Its name reflects that it is the "core" of vitamin B12 (cobalamins). Compounds with a corrin core are known as "corrins".

There are two chiral centres, which in natural compounds like cobalamin have the same stereochemistry.
2024 Italian Open (tennis)
The 2024 Italian Open (also known as the Internazionali BNL d'Italia for sponsorship reasons) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome, Italy. It was the 81st edition of the Italian Open and is classified as an ATP 1000 event on the 2024 ATP Tour and a WTA 1000 event on the 2024 WTA Tour. Third-seeded Alexander Zverev and first-seeded Iga Świątek won the singles titles.

WTA 1000 tournaments
The WTA 1000 tournaments are a category of tennis tournaments on the WTA Tour, governed by the Women's Tennis Association. The old WTA Premier Mandatory and Premier 5 tournaments merged into a single highest tier implemented in the 2021 schedule reorganization. Only four of the nine WTA 1000 tournaments were mandatory until 2024, when the category expanded to ten mandatory tournaments.

The ranking points awarded to the winners of these tournaments are 1,000. This compares to 2,000 points for winning a Grand Slam tournament ("major"), up to 1,500 points for winning the WTA Finals, 500 points for winning a WTA 500 tournament, and 250 for winning a WTA 250 tournament.
Basketbol Süper Ligi Mr. King
The Basketbol Süper Ligi Mr. King, is the season scoring leader of the Turkish top-tier level professional club basketball league, the Türkiye Basketbol Süper Ligi (BSL) (English: Turkish Basketball Super League). In basketball, points are the sum of the score accumulated through free throws or field goals. The LNB Pro A's scoring title is awarded to the player with the highest points per game average in a given regular season. Prior to the 1993–94 season, the league's Top Scorer was the player that scored the most total points in the league during the season. Since the 1993–94 season, the league's Top Scorer is the player with the highest scoring average per game during the season.

Free throw
In basketball, free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points by shooting from behind the free-throw line (informally known as the foul line or the charity stripe), a line situated at the end of the restricted area. Free throws are generally awarded after a foul on the shooter by the opposing team, analogous to penalty shots in other team sports. Free throws are also awarded in other situations, including technical fouls, and when the fouling team has entered the bonus/penalty situation (after a team commits a requisite number of fouls, each subsequent foul results in free throws regardless of the type of foul committed). Also, depending on the situation, a player may be awarded between one and three free throws. Each successful free throw is worth one point.
Millennium Fountain Egg
The Millennium Fountain egg is a jewelled Fabergé egg made under the supervision of the jeweler, Theo Fabergé, grandson of Peter Carl Fabergé, in 2000. The egg was made to commemorate the start of the Third Millennium.

Fabergé crafted only 12 of these eggs, marking them as among the rarest of Theo Fabergé's creations.

3rd millennium
The third millennium of the Anno Domini or Common Era is the current millennium spanning the years 2001 to 3000. It began on January 1, 2001 (MMI) and will end on December 31, 3000 (MMM), (21st to 30th centuries; in astronomy: JD 2451910.5 – 2817151.5).

Ongoing futures studies seek to understand what will likely continue and what could plausibly change in this period and beyond.
KRC
KRC or krc may stand for:

Kurdish Red Crescent a humanitarian non-profit responsible for aid throughout Kurdistan areas

Kappa recognition factor or HIVEP3 protein

Kent Recursive Calculator, a functional programming language

Kenya Railways Corporation

Kingston Rowing Club, on River Thames, England

Korean Resource Center, Los Angeles, CA, US

Sudan Khartoum Refinery Company

Karachay-Balkar language, ISO 639-2 & -3 code

Depati Parbo Airport IATA code

K&R C, the original dialect of the C programming language, described in the 1978 book by Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie

The branding of the radio station in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States whose actual call sign is WKRC.

WKRC (AM)
WKRC (550 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station  licensed to Cincinnati, Ohio. The station airs a talk radio format, under the branding "55KRC". The station's offices and studios are on Montgomery Road off Interstate 71 in Cincinnati.

WKRC is powered at 5,000 watts by day and 1,000 watts at night, using a directional antenna with a four-tower array. Its transmitter site is off Murnan Road near the AA Highway (Kentucky Route 9) in Cold Spring, Kentucky.

Despite the similarities in their call sign, WKRC was not the inspiration behind the television show WKRP in Cincinnati.  The show's creator, Hugh Wilson, wrote the premise based on personal experiences at WQXI in Atlanta.
Thullur
Thulluru is a Village in Guntur district of Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located at a distance of 4 km from Krishna River and was a village in Thulluru mandal of Guntur district, prior to its denotification as gram panchayat.

Guntur district
Guntur district is  in the Coastal Andhra region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The administrative seat of the district is located at Guntur, one of the major urban centres of the state. Historically significant, the region was part of ancient Buddhist and Satavahana-era settlements and later came under various South Indian dynasties before British rule. The district is known for its agricultural prominence—particularly chilli and cotton cultivation—as well as education and trade. It forms part of the larger Coastal Andhra region and contributes significantly to the state’s economy and cultural heritage.
James Marrow
Thomas James Marrow (born 23 November 1966) is a British scientist who is a professor of nuclear materials at the University of Oxford and holds the James Martin Chair in Energy Materials. He specialises in physical metallurgy, micromechanics, and X-ray crystallography of engineering materials, mainly ceramic matrix composite and nuclear graphite.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.
2011 Viña del Mar International Song Festival
The Viña del Mar International Song Festival 2011 was released from February 21, 2011 until Saturday February 26, 2011. The musical event was broadcast for first time via Chilean TV channel Chilevisión.

Chayanne
Elmer Figueroa Arce (born June 28, 1968), known professionally as Chayanne, is a Puerto Rican singer and actor. He has released 21 albums and sold over 15 million records worldwide, making him one of the best-selling Latin music artists.

As an actor, Chayanne participated in two Puerto Rican telenovelas broadcast by the WAPA-TV television station in the 80s. These were Sombras del Pasado with Daniel Lugo and Alba Nydia Díaz, and Tormento with Lugo and Yazmin Pereira.
Plaza Río Tijuana
Plaza Río Tijuana is an open-air shopping center in the Zona Río (new main business district) of Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. It has a surface area of 792,000 square feet (73,579 m2). It opened in 1981 as the first large American-style mall in the city; previously downtown Tijuana was the leading shopping area. Currently, it has the anchors Soriana, Sears, and Cinépolis. There was a Dorian's department store here until 2009 when it became Sears. Comercial Mexicana was also in the mall until it became Soriana in 2018.

Cinépolis
Cinépolis is a Mexico-based international movie theater chain. Its name means City of Cinema and its slogan is La Capital del Cine (English: the Capital of Cinema). As of 2009 Cinépolis was the biggest cineplex chain in Mexico, with 427 theaters in 97 cities. It is also the largest chain in Latin America and one of the largest in the world, also owning cinemas in Spain, India, Indonesia, Oman, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and the United States.
Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur
Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra (formerly Jalan Semarak/Jalan Henry Gurney) is a major road in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It was named after the sixth Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Sultan Yahya Petra of Kelantan, who ruled from 1975 to 1979.

King of Malaysia
The King of Malaysia, officially Yang di-Pertuan Agong (lit. 'He who is made Lord', Jawi: يڠ دڤرتوان اݢوڠ‎), is the constitutional monarch and ceremonial head of state of Malaysia. The office was established in 1957, when the Federation of Malaya gained independence from the United Kingdom. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers, comprising the nine rulers of the Malay states, with the office de facto rotated between them, making Malaysia one of the world's few elective monarchies.

The 17th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Ibrahim Iskandar of Johor. He was elected on 26 October 2023, at a special meeting of the Conference of Rulers; he took the oath of office and was sworn in at the Istana Negara on 31 January 2024. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong's queen consort is known as the Raja Permaisuri Agong (Queen of Malaysia), currently Raja Zarith Sofiah. The royal couple are styled in English as "His Majesty" and "Her Majesty".
Deep Creek Valley
Deep Creek Valley is a 35-mile (56 km) long valley located in southwest Tooele County at the Utah-Nevada border; the extreme south of the valley is in northwest Juab County. The valley parallels the west flank of the Deep Creek Range, both north-trending. In the north-northeast, its outlet widens into the southwest of the Great Salt Lake Desert region.

The mountain range turns southwest and west in the south, and encloses the higher altitude terrain of the valley; here, the Goshute Indian Reservation lies in the mountains and the Deep Creek Valley's south; the community of Goshute is adjacent the valley; the reservation also extends westward into Nevada, into the east of the Antelope Valley.

Juab County, Utah
Juab County (/ˈdʒuːæb/ JOO-ab) is a county in western Utah, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 11,786. Its county seat and largest city is Nephi. Juab County is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Salt Lake City–Provo–Orem, Utah Combined Statistical Area.
Chicon (Worldcon)
Chicon is the name given to seven Worldcons and retroactively applied to an eighth Worldcon. All eight of the conventions were held in Chicago, Illinois.

Chicon I, 1940

TASFIC (a.k.a. Chicon II), 1952

Chicon III (a.k.a. Chicon II, confusingly enough), 1962

Chicon IV, 1982

Chicon V, 1991

Chicon 2000, 2000

Chicon 7, 2012

Chicon 8, 2022

20th World Science Fiction Convention
The 20th World Science Fiction Convention (Worldcon), also known unofficially as Chicon III (less frequently, Chicon II), was held on 31 August–3 September 1962 at the Pick-Congress Hotel in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

Because the second Worldcon held in Chicago was officially called, in its publications, the 10th Annual World Science Fiction Convention (and once as the "10th Annual Science Fiction Convention") and not Chicon, the next Chicago Worldcon held in 1962 was occasionally referred to as Chicon II, though Chicon III is the generally accepted and preferred nomenclature.

The chairman was Earl Kemp.
Ciclotizolam
Ciclotizolam (WE-973) is a drug which is a thienotriazolodiazepine derivative. It is a partial agonist for the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor, with similar binding affinity to related compounds like brotizolam, but a low efficacy.

Intrinsic activity
Intrinsic activity (IA) and maximal efficacy (Emax) refer to the relative ability of a drug-receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response. This must be distinguished from the affinity, which is a measure of the ability of the drug to bind to its molecular target, and the EC50, which is a measure of the potency of the drug and which is proportional to both efficacy and affinity. This use of the word "efficacy" was introduced by Stephenson (1956) to describe the way in which agonists vary in the response they produce, even when they occupy the same number of receptors. High efficacy agonists can produce the maximal response of the receptor system while occupying a relatively low proportion of the receptors in that system. There is a distinction between efficacy and intrinsic activity.
Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Grasse
Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Grasse is an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Grasse. It is located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, southeastern France. It was created in January 2014. Its seat is in Grasse. Its area is 489.9 km2. Its population was 101,594 in 2017, of which 50,396 in Grasse proper.

Grasse
Grasse (French pronunciation: [ɡʁas]; Provençal Occitan: Grassa in classical norm or Grasso in Mistralian norm [ˈɡɾasɔ]; traditional Italian: Grassa) is the only subprefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur region on the French Riviera.

Considered the world's capital of perfume, Grasse obtained two flowers in the Concours des villes et villages fleuris and was made Ville d'Art et d'Histoire (City of Art and History).
Karla Pollmann
Karla Pollmann (born october 21th, 1963) is the President of the University of Tübingen in Germany, an office she has held since 1 October 2022. Previously she was the Dean of Arts at the University of Bristol, where she worked in both the department of Classics and Ancient History and the department of Religion and Theology. Her research covers Classical to Late Antiquity, patristics, the history of exegesis and hermeneutics, and the thought of Augustine of Hippo and its reception.

Patristics
Patristics, also known as patrology, is a branch of theological studies focused on the writings and teachings of the Church Fathers, between the first and the eighth centuries AD. Scholars analyze texts from both orthodox and heretical authors. Patristics emerged as a distinct discipline in the 19th century, supported by critical editions like Patrologia Latina and Patrologia Graeca. The field employs textual analysis, archaeology, and historical criticism to analyze early Christianity's doctrinal, cultural, and intellectual development, incorporating traditions beyond Greek and Latin, such as Syriac, Coptic, Armenian, and Ethiopian.
M113A2 Firefighting Vehicle
The M113A2 Firefighting Vehicle was a US Army prototype of a M113 armoured personnel carrier (APC) modified to carry a system for dispensing fire suppressant liquid to combat petrochemical fires encountered on the battlefield. Only one vehicle was built and the system did not go into production.

Fire retardant
A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow down or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity.  This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions. Fire retardants are available as powder, to be mixed with water, as fire-fighting foams and fire-retardant gels.

Fire retardants are commonly used in fire fighting, where they may be applied aerially or from the ground.
Au (squat)
Au (German pronunciation: [aʊ] ⓘ) is the name of a building that has been squatted since 1983 in Rödelheim in Frankfurt, Germany. It bills itself as a 'self-organised cultural Centre and living project' (German: Selbstverwaltetes Kulturelles Zentrum und Wohnprojekt).

Au was home to the Au Squat Festival on June 3, 2006, featuring many punk rock bands such as The Restarts. The 2007 festival was on June 9 with bands such as Sensa Yuma and the 2008 festival took place on June 7 with headliners Life... But How to Live It?. Any profits went to human rights organizations and were also given to antifascist networks and other autonomous centres. Beside the open air festival there are many other concerts and cultural or political events during the year.

Rödelheim
Rödelheim (German pronunciation: [ˈʁøːdl̩haɪm]) is a quarter of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. It is part of the Ortsbezirk Mitte-West and is subdivided into the Stadtbezirke Rödelheim-Ost and Rödelheim-West.

The name Rödelheim became well known in Germany and beyond since the 1990s due to the success of German hip-hop act Rödelheim Hartreim Projekt established by Moses Pelham and his 3p-record label, that raised further successful acts like Sabrina Setlur, Xavier Naidoo, Glashaus, Cassandra Steen, Azad, Chima.