hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mary Poovey
Mary Louise Poovey is an American cultural historian and literary critic whose work focuses on the Victorian Era.  She is Samuel Rudin University Professor Emeritus in the Humanities at New York University, with her recent retirement from the position, and Director of the Institute for the History of the Production of Knowledge. Poovey has taught at Johns Hopkins University, Swarthmore College, and Yale University.

Cultural history
Cultural history records and interprets past events involving human beings through the social, cultural, and political milieu of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors. Jacob Burckhardt (1818–1897) helped found cultural history as a discipline. Cultural history studies and interprets the record of human societies by denoting the various distinctive ways of living built up by a group of people under consideration. Cultural history involves the aggregate of past cultural activity, such as ceremony, class in practices, and the interaction with locales. It combines the approaches of anthropology and history to examine popular cultural traditions and cultural interpretations of historical experience.
Averett Cougars
The Averett Cougars are the athletic teams that represent Averett University, located in Danville, Virginia, in NCAA Division III intercollegiate sports. The Cougars are members of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference for all sports. Altogether, Averett sponsors 24 sports: 13 for men and 11 for women.

Before joining the ODAC in 2022, the Cougars were members of the USA South Athletic Conference from 1978 to 2022.

Old Dominion Athletic Conference
The Old Dominion Athletic Conference (ODAC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference that competes in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III. Of its 14 member schools, all but one are located in Virginia; the other full member is in North Carolina. The conference also has three associate members: one in Virginia, one in North Carolina, and one in Washington, D.C. The ODAC is unique in that its membership includes co-ed colleges, women's colleges, and a men's college.
Thomas & Friends series 10
Thomas & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by Wilbert Awdry. The tenth series was first broadcast in 2006, narrated by Michael Angelis for the UK audiences and by Michael Brandon in the US. Most episodes in this series had different titles in UK and the US.

This was the last series to utilize the instrumental chorus of the Engine Roll Call in the opening sequence. Starting from series 11, the lyrics were incorporated into the theme sequence and sung by children. Starting with this series, all 30-minute episodes included only two mini-episodes.

Island of Sodor
The Island of Sodor, or simply Sodor, is a fictional island that is the primary setting for The Railway Series books by Wilbert Awdry. It lies in the Irish Sea between Cumbria and the Isle of Man. The island has many railways, including many locomotives, the most famous being Thomas the Tank Engine. The island also appears in the television adaptation Thomas & Friends, and other media in the franchise.
Acacia cultriformis
Acacia cultriformis, known as knife-leaf wattle, dogtooth wattle, half-moon wattle or golden-glow wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is widely cultivated, and has been found to have naturalised in Asia, Africa, North America, New Zealand and South America. A. cultriformis grows to a height of about 4 m (13 ft) and has triangle-shaped phyllodes. The yellow flowers appear from August to November in its natural range. Its attractive foliage and bright flowers make it a popular garden plant.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
Valentin Schindler
Valentin Schindler (14 February 1543 – 11 June 1604) was a Lutheran Hebraist and professor of the University of Wittenberg, where he was an important teacher of the Hebrew language. He moved by 1594 to Helmstedt.

He is known for his dictionary "Lexicon Pentaglotton: Hebraicum, Chaldicum, Syriacum, Talmudico-Rabbinicum, et Arabicum", in which the vocabulary of Hebrew and of four other Semitic languages is translated to Latin. It was published posthumously in 1612, one year before the 1613 Arabic-Latin lexicon of Franciscus Raphelengius. An abridgement was published in 1637 by William Alabaster.

Franciscus Raphelengius
Frans van Ravelingen Latinized Franciscus Raphelengius (February 27, 1539 – July 20, 1597), was a Flemish-born scholar, printer and publisher, working in Antwerp and later in Leiden. During the last decade of his life he was professor of Hebrew at Leiden University. He produced an Arabic-Latin dictionary, of about 550 pages, which was published posthumously in 1613 in Leiden. This was the first publication by printing press of a book-length dictionary for the Arabic language in Latin.
Spartak Nikanorov
Spartak Petrovich Nikanorov (Russian: Спартак Петрович Никаноров; 1923, in Moscow – 2015) was a Soviet and Russian management scientist, specialist in the field of information systems, systems analysis, systems theory, mathematician and engineer-inventor.
He has worked in the field of creating an air-defense systems.
Since 1987 professor at the MIREA. In 1991, he became a professor at the MFTI.

Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT; Russian: Московский физико-технический институт, also known as PhysTech), is a public research university located in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It prepares specialists in theoretical and applied physics, applied mathematics and related disciplines.

The main MIPT campus is located in Dolgoprudny, a northern suburb of Moscow. However the Aeromechanics Department is based in Zhukovsky, a suburb south-east of Moscow.

As Phystech's founder, Pyotr Kapitsa, designed the institute inspired by and in accordance with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology model, Phystech is commonly hailed as the "MIT of Russia" and is considered to be the leading specialized technical institution of higher education in the former Soviet Union.

The rector Dmitry Livanov and Nikolay Kudryavtsev, the president of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, both have signed a letter of support for the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
Tychero
Tycheró (Greek: Τυχερό, [tiçeˈro]) is a town and a former municipality in the Evros regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Soufli, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 220.411 km2. Tychero is situated near the river Evros, which forms the border with Turkey here.

Evros (regional unit)
Evros (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Έβρου, romanized: Perifereiakí enótita Évrou) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of East Macedonia and Thrace. Its name is derived from the river Evros, which appears to have been a Thracian hydronym. Evros is the northernmost regional unit. It borders Turkey to the east, across the river Evros, and it borders Bulgaria to the north and the northwest.

Its capital is Alexandroupolis. Together with the regional units Rhodope and Xanthi, it forms the geographical region of Western Thrace. The population density was 32 per km2 (2021).
Mikko Tuomi
Mikko Tuomi (born 17 June 1979) is a Finnish astronomer most known for his contributions to the discovery of the exoplanet Proxima Centauri b together with other scientists at the University of Hertfordshire.  Other exoplanets to whose discovery or study Tuomi has contributed include HD 40307, HD 154857 c, Kapteyn c, Gliese 682 c, HD 154857, Gliese 221, Gliese 581 g and the planetary system orbiting Tau Ceti.

HD 154857
HD 154857 is a star with two exoplanetary companions in the southern constellation of Ara. It is too dim to be visible with the naked eye having an apparent visual magnitude of 7.25. The star is located at a distance of 206 light years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +28 km/s.

This is a G-type star with a stellar classification of G5IV-V. The absolute magnitude of this star is two magnitudes above the main sequence, which suggests that the star is evolving toward the subgiant stage. It is a metal-poor thin disk star approximately six billion years old and is chromopherically quiet although not in a Maunder Minimum state. The star is larger, more massive, and more luminous than the Sun. It is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 1.4 km/s.
Steroidogenic enzyme
Steroidogenic enzymes are enzymes that are involved in steroidogenesis and steroid biosynthesis. They are responsible for the biosynthesis of the steroid hormones, including sex steroids (androgens, estrogens, and progestogens) and corticosteroids (glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids), as well as neurosteroids, from cholesterol. Steroidogenic enzymes are most highly expressed in classical steroidogenic tissues, such as the testis, ovary, and adrenal cortex, but are also present in other tissues in the body.

Adrenal cortex
The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of the adrenal gland. It is divided into three separate zones: zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Each zone is responsible for producing specific hormones. It is also a secondary site of androgen synthesis.
Daihatsu C-series engine
The Daihatsu C-series engine is a range of compact three-cylinder, internal combustion piston engines, designed by Daihatsu, which is a subsidiary of Toyota. The engines range from 843 to 993 cc and have been manufactured in petrol and diesel-driven series. They have cast iron engine blocks and aluminum cylinder heads, and are of either SOHC or DOHC design, with belt driven heads. The engine first appeared in the all-new Daihatsu Charade in October 1977, in "CB20" form.

Most common is the 1-liter CB, which was also available as the diesel CL. There is an 843 cc version called the CD and the extremely rare 926 cc homologation special called the CE.

Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.
Turks in Croatia
Turks of Croatia, also referred to as Turkish Croatians or Croatian Turks, (Croatian: Turci u Hrvatskoj; Turkish: Hırvatistan Türkleri) are one among 22 recognised national minorities in Croatia. According to the 2021 census, there were 404 Turks living in Croatia, most of which most lived in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County and later in the City of Zagreb. Only 368 native Turkish-language speakers live in that country.

Turks compose approximately 0.01% of the total population. The majority of Croatian Turks are Sunni Muslims, and make up 0.6% of Croatia's Muslim population (50,981 Muslims in total).

Primorje-Gorski Kotar County
Primorje – Gorski Kotar County (Croatian: Primorsko-goranska županija, pronounced [prǐːmorsko-ɡǒranskaː ʒupǎnija]) is a county in west Croatia, most of it based in the historical and cultural region called Croatia proper and some of it in Istria, including the Bay of Kvarner, the surrounding Northern Croatian Littoral, and the mountainous region of Gorski Kotar. Its center is Rijeka. The county's population was 296,195 at the 2011 census.

The county includes the island territories of Krk, Cres, Lošinj and Rab. It borders Slovenia.

The county is divided:
Garraree
Garraree is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 6.85 kilometres (4 mi) north–north–east of Mullingar.

Garraree is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 87.75 acres (0.3551 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Parsonstown to the north, Knockatee to the east, Knockdrin to the south and Kilmaglish to the west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there were 2 houses and 8 inhabitants in the townland.

Provinces of Ireland
There are four provinces of Ireland: Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. The Irish word for this territorial division, cúige, meaning "fifth part", suggests that there were once five, and at times Meath has been considered to be the fifth province. In the medieval period, however, there were often more than five. The number of provinces and their delineation fluctuated until 1610, when they were permanently set by the administration of James I. The provinces of Ireland no longer serve administrative or political purposes but function as historical and cultural entities.
Pare Hydro Electric Project
The Pare Hydro Electric Project is a NTPC NEEPCO situated in the Dikrong River which is a tributary of Brahmaputra River in the Papum Pare District of Arunachal Pradesh.Total installed capacity of project is 110 MW

The project was constructed by four contractors:

Hindustan Construction Company Ltd. - Civil Works

Precision Infratech - Hydro-Mechanical Works

Andritz Hydro - Electro-Mechanical Works

Alstom T&D India Ltd (Alstom Group) - Transformer & Switchyard

Dikrong River
The Dikrong River is a sub-tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian state of Assam. The Dikrong river originates in the hills of Arunachal Pradesh and flows through major cities like Nirjuli in Arunachal Pradesh and Bihpuria in Assam before its confluence with the Subansiri River.
Jean-Claude Duperval
Jean-Claude Duperval (1947 – 21 May 2020) was a Haitian military officer, who served as the Acting Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti from 10 October to 17 November 1994, during Operation Uphold Democracy. Previously, during the military dictatorship of Raoul Cédras from 1991 to 1994, he served as the Deputy Commander-in-Chief to Cédras, whom he succeeded.

He was convicted in absentia in November 2000 of crimes against humanity, for participating in the 1994 Raboteau massacre in Gonaïves, and sentenced to life imprisonment. He was deported from the United States (where he arrived in 1995; he settled in Orlo Vista, Florida, and worked at Walt Disney World from 1997 to 2002) in January 2004, and was freed in February 2004, amidst the 2004 Haitian coup d'état.

Orlo Vista, Florida
Orlo Vista or Orlovista is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Orange County, Florida, United States. While the spelling "Orlo Vista" is used by the U.S. Postal Service, the community is shown as Orlovista on federal maps. The population of the Orlovista census-designated place was 6,123 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area. The boundaries of the Orlovista CDP are West Colonial Drive (SF 50) on the north, Pine Hills Road on the east, Old Winter Garden Road (CR 526) and Carter Street at the Orlando city limits on the south, and Hiawassee Road on the west.

The name is a portmanteau of Orlando and "vista".
2 Low Life Muthas
2 Low Life Muthas is the debut album by the American rap group Poison Clan. It was released in 1990 by Effect Records, a division of Luke Records, and was produced by 2 Live Crew member Mr. Mixx. The album sold well in the South, and reached No. 42 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The singles, "The Bitch That I Hate" and "Dance All Night" peaked at peaked at Nos. 18 and 14 on the Hot Rap Singles chart, respectively.

Luke Records
Luke Records is an American record label formed in 1985 by Luther Campbell, the former producer and hypeman of 2 Live Crew, and David Chackler, and based in Miami, Florida. It was one of the first recording labels devoted almost exclusively to Southern hip-hop.

The label was originally called Luke Skyywalker Records; however, because it was not found to be of fair use, Campbell shortened his pseudonym to Luke in 1990 (a result of George Lucas' successful lawsuit over Campbell appropriating the Skywalker name).

From 1990 to 1993, the label was distributed by Atlantic Records. The label's catalogue has been reclaimed by Luther Campbell and the estates of Fresh Kid Ice & Brother Marquis.
RAF Graveley
Royal Air Force Graveley or more simply RAF Graveley is a former Royal Air Force station located 5 miles (8 km) south of Huntingdon. The station was originally intended to operate under No. 3 Group RAF, alongside RAF Tempsford and RAF Gransden Lodge.

No. 3 Group RAF
No. 3 Group RAF (3 Gp) of the Royal Air Force was an RAF group first active in 1918, again between 1923 and 1926, then as part of RAF Bomber Command from 1936 to 1967, and recently part of RAF Strike Command from 2000 until it disbanded on 1 April 2006.
Frei Galvão
Anthony of St. Ann Galvão  (Portuguese: Antônio de Sant'Anna Galvão; 13 May 1739 – 23 December 1822), more commonly known as Frei Galvão, was a Brazilian friar of the Franciscan Order.

One of the best-known religious figures in colonial Brazil renowned for his healing powers, Galvão was canonized by Pope Benedict XVI on 11 May 2007, becoming the first Brazilian-born saint. He was the second Brazilian to be proclaimed a saint by the Catholic Church.

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
WVBH (FM)
WVBH (88.3 FM, "Reach Gospel Radio") is a radio station licensed to Beach Haven West, New Jersey serving the Monmouth/Ocean radio market. The station is owned by Priority Radio, Inc.  It airs an urban gospel format rebroadcasting WXHL-FM from Newark, Delaware.

The station was assigned the WVBH call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on April 28, 2000.

The Call letters stand for "Voice of Beach Haven".

Beach Haven West, New Jersey
Beach Haven West is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) constituting a part of the Jersey Shore community of Stafford Township, in southern Ocean County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the CDP's population was 4,143, an increase of 247 (+6.3%) from the 3,896 recorded at the 2010 census, which in turn had reflected a decrease of 548 (−12.3%) from the 4,444 counted in the 2000 census.
Mount Pleasant Downtown Historic District
The Mount Pleasant Downtown Historic District is a commercial historic district roughly bounded by Mosher, Franklin, Illinois and Washington Streets in Mount Pleasant, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Mount Pleasant, Michigan
Mount Pleasant is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The city is the county seat of Isabella County, which is part of Central Michigan. The population of Mount Pleasant was 21,688 as of the 2020 census. The city is surrounded by Union Charter Township, but is politically independent.

Part of the city (with a population of 8,741) is located within the Isabella Indian Reservation, the base of the federally recognized Saginaw Chippewa Tribal Nation. The tribe's Soaring Eagle Casino & Resort in nearby Chippewa Township is also within the reservation boundaries.

Mount Pleasant is home to the main campuses of Central Michigan University, one of the largest universities in the state with 20,000 students at Mount Pleasant, and Mid Michigan Community College. The student population nearly doubles the population of the city during the academic year, making it a college town. Despite its name, the surrounding area is mostly flat and does not feature any mountains or hills.
Pseudotricholoma
Pseudotricholoma is a genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae. The genus contains three species known from North America. Europe, and the Azores. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) resemble those of the genus Tricholoma, with a dry fibrillose pileus and white to brown lamellae that have adnate to emarginate attachment and stain reddish when damaged, eventually turning black. Microscopically, the basidiospores are smooth, ellipsoid to ellipsoid-oblong, thin-walled and amyloid.   Cheilocystidia are rare to absent and pleurocystidia are absent.  The pileipellis is a cutis and clamp connections are present.  Species in Pseudotricholoma are found on soil in grasslands and woods. They are probably biotrophic, and may be ectomycorrhizal.

Pileipellis
The pileipellis is the uppermost layer of hyphae in the pileus of a fungal fruit body. It covers the trama, the fleshy tissue of the fruit body. The pileipellis is more or less synonymous with the cuticle, but the cuticle generally describes this layer as a macroscopic feature, while pileipellis refers to this structure as a microscopic layer. Pileipellis type is an important character in the identification of fungi. Pileipellis types include the cutis, trichoderm, epithelium, and hymeniderm types.
Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene
Maria Palaiologina Kantakouzene (Bulgarian: Мария Палеологина Кантакузина, Greek: Μαρία Παλαιολογίνα Καντακουζηνή; died after 1294) was an Empress consort of Bulgaria by marriage to two Bulgarian emperors, Constantine Tikh and Ivaylo. She was a niece of Michael VIII Palaiologos.

She is referred to as the most powerful empress of Bulgaria. She ruled as regent from 1271 to 1279 on behalf of her minor son, Michael Asen II, who was made co-regent of her first spouse, and remained co-regent during the reign of her second spouse.

John IV Doukas Laskaris
John IV Doukas Laskaris (or Ducas Lascaris) (Greek: Ἰωάννης Δούκας Λάσκαρις, romanized: Iōánnēs Doúkās Láskaris; December 25, 1250 – c. 1305) was the fourth emperor of the Nicaean Empire from August 16, 1258 to December 25, 1261, one of the Greek successor states formed after the Sack of Constantinople by the Roman Catholics during the Fourth Crusade. He was the last emperor from the prominent Laskarid dynasty and the last to only rule Nicaea before the Reconquest of Constantinople by his successor in 1261.