hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Franciszek Ksawery Chomiński
Franciszek Ksawery Chomiński (c. 1730 – 9 June 1809) was a Polish soldier, politician, translator and poet. Sejm deputy, deputy to the Lithuanian Tribunal and voivode of Mscislaw from 1788 in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and marshal of the Grodno Governorate in the Russian Empire after partitions of Poland.

A cavalry officer, he was a supporter of the Bar Confederation. Later, he became more active in the Commonwealth politics, and was a deputy to Sejms of 1780, 1782 and 1784; at the latter one he served as its marshal. He was among the supporters of the Constitution of the 3rd May.
After the partitions of Poland he supported Adam Czartoryski in Paris. He also served as the marshal of the Grodno Governorate.

He received the Order of Saint Stanislaus in 1784 and the Order of the White Eagle in 1785.

As a writer, he wrote poetry and epigrams, and translated into Polish several works from French, most notably, those of Jean Baptiste Racine.

Order of Saint Stanislaus
The Order of Saint Stanislaus (Polish: Order Św. Stanisława Biskupa i Męczennika, Russian: Орден Святого Станислава), also spelled Stanislas, was a Polish order of knighthood founded in 1765 by King Stanisław August Poniatowski of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It remained under the Kingdom of Poland between 1765 and 1831. In 1831 it was incorporated under the Russian Empire until the Russian Revolution (1917).

Today, there are two recognised orders that claim descent from the original Order of Saint Stanislaus: the Russian dynastic Order of Saint Stanislaus, awarded by the head of the House of Romanov as former sovereigns of the Russian Empire, and the Polish Order of Polonia Restituta, a governmental order of merit awarded by the President of Poland and considered by some as a type of successor.
Biological Society of Pakistan
The Biological Society of Pakistan (BSP), also known as the Biological Society of Pakistan, Lahore (BSPL) is an organization in Pakistan established to promote the learning and research of biology in the country. It was founded in 1949 by Dr. Sultan Ahmad, Dr. Muzzafar Ahmed, Dr. Abu Bakar, Prof. Ahsan-ul-Islam, and Prof. Waiz Hussain Bokhari, and is hosted by Government College in Lahore.: xxxvii

The society receives funding from the Pakistan Science Foundation, part of the Ministry of Science and Technology.

Pakistan Science Foundation
The Pakistan Science Foundation (PSF) (Urdu: پاکستان سائنس فاؤنڈیشن) is an institution under the Ministry of Science and Technology  of the Government of Pakistan. It funds scientific studies, research and development. The Pakistan Science Foundation also operates and administrates the Pakistan Museum of Natural History, and the Pakistan Scientific and Technological Information Center, both in Islamabad. It was formed in 1973 through an Act of Parliament of Pakistan. As of December 2020, the Chairperson of the PSF is Prof. Dr. Shahid Mahmood Baig Hilal-i-Imtiaz, Sitar-e-Imtiaz.
Tony D'Alberto Racing
Tony D'Alberto Racing, was a motor racing team which competed in the V8 Supercars Championship, an Australian based motor racing series. The team, which was owned by the D'Alberto family, operated a single entry for Tony D'Alberto while on occasion fielding a second car in the second tier Dunlop V8 Supercar Series.

Ford Falcon (FG)
The Ford Falcon (FG) is a full-sized car that was produced by Ford Australia from 2008 to 2014. It was the first iteration of the seventh and last generation of the Falcon. Its range no longer featured the Fairmont luxury badge, replaced instead by the G Series.
Jim Fuchs
James Emanuel Fuchs (pronounced /ˈfjuːʃ/; December 6, 1927 – October 8, 2010) was an American communications executive and athlete who competed in the discus throw and shot put. Track and Field News rated him the number one shotputter in the world in the 1949–50 seasons.  He developed a new shot-putting technique to compensate for a leg injury, and then used what he called "the sideways glide" to set world records and dominate the sport over a two-year span in the early 1950s. He won bronze medals in shot put at both the 1948 Summer Olympics in London and the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki.

National Track and Field Hall of Fame
The National Track and Field Hall of Fame is a museum operated by The Armory Foundation in conjunction with USA Track & Field. It is located within the Armory Foundation (the former Fort Washington Avenue Armory) at 216 Fort Washington Avenue, between 168th and 169th Streets, in Washington Heights, in the New York City borough of Manhattan. The stated goal of the Hall is to reflect upon, appreciate, and honor the past by saluting Americans who have made important contributions to the history of Track and Field. Inductees to the Hall of Fame include athletes, coaches, contributors, officials, event directors, journalists and administrators. USA Track & Field has been inducting members into the Hall since 1974.  Currently there are 254 people enshrined.
Wolf, Minnesota
Wolf is an unincorporated community in Clinton Township, Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located immediately south of the city of Mountain Iron, near the intersection of Saint Louis County Road 101 (Kane Road) and County Road 955 (Wolf Road).  Iron Junction is nearby.

Mountain Iron, Minnesota
Mountain Iron is a city in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States, in the heart of the Mesabi Range. The population was 2,878 at the 2020 census.

U.S. Highway 169 serves as a main route in Mountain Iron.

The city's motto is "Taconite Capital of the World". The local mine, Minntac, is owned by the United States Steel Corporation (U.S. Steel).

Mountain Iron is part of the Quad Cities, with Virginia, Eveleth, and Gilbert.
7th Indie Series Awards
The 7th Indie Series Awards were held on April 6, 2016 at the El Portal Theater in Los Angeles, with the ceremony hosted by Eric Martsolf and Jen Lilley. Presented by We Love Soaps, the awards recognize independently produced, scripted entertainment created for the web.

Jen Lilley
Jennifer Lilley (born August 4, 1984) is an American actress and singer. Lilley played a supporting role in the 2011 film The Artist, temporarily portrayed Maxie Jones on the ABC soap opera General Hospital from September 2011 to August 2012, and has played the character of Theresa Donovan on NBC's soap opera Days of Our Lives from July 2013 to November 2016 and again from May to July 2018. She has also starred in several television films from Hallmark Channel and Great American Family Channel.

In March 2024, Lilley was awarded the Childhelp Inspirational Award along with Ale Boggiano for their work with Christmas Is Not Cancelled.

In 2025, Lilley and Billy Hallowell launched the podcast Into the Supernatural.
.45 Remington–Thompson
The .45 Remington–Thompson (11.4x25mm) was an experimental firearms cartridge designed by Remington Arms and Auto Ordnance for the Model 1923 Thompson submachine gun, a variant of the Model 1921 with a longer barrel, with the intent of increasing the power and range of the weapon. While some variants of the 1923 were produced, the rifle and round did not find commercial success.

Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC, was an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was formerly owned by the Remington Outdoor Company, which went bankrupt in 2020 with its lines of business sold to several purchasers. Two resulting companies each bear the Remington name—the firearms manufacturer is Remington Firearms owned by RemArms, LLC., and the ammunition business is Remington Ammunition owned by The Kinetic Group (Czechoslovak Group).

Founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington as E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York, it was one of the oldest gun makers in the United States and claimed to be the oldest factory in the country that still made its original product. The company was the largest rifle manufacturer in North America according to 2015 ATF statistics. The company developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world.
2017 Rogers Cup
The 2017 Rogers Cup presented by National Bank was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 128th edition (for the men) and the 125th (for the women) of the Canadian Open. The tournament was part of the ATP World Tour Masters 1000 of the 2017 ATP World Tour, and of the WTA Premier 5 tournaments of the 2017 WTA Tour, and is also a 2017 US Open Series event. The women's event (also called the Toronto Open) was held at the Aviva Centre in Toronto, from August 7 to August 13 and the men's event was held at the Uniprix Stadium in Montreal, from August 7 to August 13.

Ernesto Escobedo
Ernesto "Neto" Escobedo III (/ˈnɛtoʊ ˌɛskəˈbeɪdoʊ/ NET-oh ES-kə-BAYD-oh; Spanish: [eɾˈnesto ˈneto eskoˈβeðo], born 4 July 1996) is a Mexican-American former professional tennis player who had a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 67, achieved on 17 July 2017 and a best doubles ranking of No. 296, achieved on 16 May 2022.
Lotus Garden China Telecom Building
The Lotus Garden China Telecom Building (荷花园电信大楼), also known as the Changsha No. 2 Telecom Hinge Building (长沙第二长途电信枢纽大楼), is a 218-metre-tall (715 ft) commercial building owned by China Telecom in Furong District, Changsha, China. The roof of the building rises to 189 metres (620 ft), with the remaining height being from a spire. Construction began in 1997, and the building was completed in 2000, near a major ring road. At the time of its completion, the building was the tallest high-rise in Changsha.

China Telecom
China Telecom Corporation Limited (CT), doing business as China Telecom, is a Chinese telecommunications company. It is one of the publicly traded red chip companies of the state-owned China Telecommunications Corporation.

The company's H shares have been traded on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong since 15 November 2002. It is a constituent of the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index, the index for the H shares of state-controlled listed companies. The company was also listed on the New York Stock Exchange until January 2021. China Telecom is the second-largest wireless carrier in China, with 362.49 million subscribers as of June 2021.
Rambehesht
Rambehesht (Middle Persian: Rām Vahišt, New Persian: رام‌بهشت), also known as Denag (Middle Persian: Dēnag, New Persian: دینگ) was a 3rd-century Sasanian noblewoman from the Bazrangi family and the wife of Sasan, the eponymous ancestor of the Sasanian Dynasty (ruled 224-651) in Persia. She was the mother of Pabag and the grandmother of Ardashir I, the founder of the Sasanian Empire. According to Tabari she "possessed beauty and perfection".

Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg  (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐‎, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan (Tajik).
Geography of Paraguay
Paraguay is a country in South America, bordering Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. The Paraguay River (Spanish: Río Paraguay) divides the country into strikingly different eastern and western regions. Both the eastern region (officially called Eastern Paraguay, Paraguay Oriental, and known as the Paraneña region) and the western region (officially Western Paraguay, Paraguay Occidental, and known as the Chaco) gently slope toward and are drained into the Paraguay River, which separates and unifies the two regions. With the Paraneña region reaching southward and the Chaco extending to the north, Paraguay straddles the Tropic of Capricorn and experiences both subtropical and tropical climates.

Concepción, Paraguay
Concepción (Spanish pronunciation: [konseβˈsjon]) is a city and district in northern Paraguay and capital of the Concepción Department. It is situated next to the Paraguay River.

Founded in 1773 by Governor Agustín Fernando de Pinedo, the town prospered in the early years of the 20th century as a river port and a center for the north of the country, exploiting the new wealth of the Gran Chaco. The town also played an important role in the Paraguayan Civil War of 1947. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Concepción en Paraguay.
Martin Dusinberre
Martin Dusinberre is a professor and the chair for global history at the University of Zurich. Before attaining this position in 2015, he was a lecturer in Modern Japanese History at Newcastle University and a postdoctoral researcher at Heidelberg University. Next to his academic publications, which focus on the social history of modern Japan and the history of shipping and sea travel, he has written editorial pieces for Reuters, the History Workshop, and The Guardian. In 2018 he developed an exhibition in cooperation with the Johann Jacobs Museum in Zurich: "A Painting for the Emperor. Japanese Labourers on Sugar Plantations in Hawai’i" centered on a painting by Joseph Dwight Strong and dealt with his current research about the Japanese in Hawaii.

He is a member of the Editorial Board for Past & Present.

Japanese in Hawaii
The Japanese in Hawaii (simply Japanese Hawaiians or "Local Japanese", rarely Kepanī) are the second largest ethnic group in Hawaii. At their height in 1920, they constituted 43% of Hawaii's population. They now number about 16.7% of the islands' population, according to the 2000 U.S. census. The U.S. Census categorizes mixed-race individuals separately, so the proportion of people with some Japanese ancestry is likely much larger.
Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act
The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act of 1973 is a United States federal law signed by US President Richard Nixon on November 16, 1973, that authorized the building of an oil pipeline connecting the North Slope of Alaska to Port Valdez. Specifically, it halted all legal challenges, which were filed primarily by environmental activists, against the construction of the pipeline. In accordance with Nixon's request, the act contains no amendments allowing for federal and state agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency, the Alaska Department of Natural Resources, or the Alaska Department of Fish and Game to regulate the construction of the pipeline.

Alaska Department of Fish and Game
The Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) is a department within the government of Alaska.  ADF&G's mission is to protect, maintain, and improve the fish, game, and aquatic plant resources of the state, and manage their use and development in the best interest of the economy and the well-being of the people of the state, consistent with the sustained yield principle.  ADF&G manages approximately 750 active fisheries, 26 game management units, and 32 special areas. From resource policy to public education, the department considers public involvement essential to its mission and goals. The department is committed to working with tribes in Alaska and with a diverse group of State and Federal agencies. The department works cooperatively with various universities and nongovernmental organizations in formal and informal partnership arrangements, and assists local research or baseline environmental monitoring through citizen science programs.
Medical state
Medical state is a term used to describe a hospital patient's health status, or condition. The term is most commonly used in information given to the news media, and is rarely used as a clinical description by physicians.

Two aspects of the patient's state may be reported. The first aspect is the patient's current state, which may be reported as "good" or "serious," for instance. Second, the patient's short-term prognosis may be reported. Examples include that the patient is improving or getting worse. If no immediate change is expected, the term stable is  frequently used as a qualifier to denote conditions where a patient has stable vital signs.

American Hospital Association
The American Hospital Association (AHA) is a health care industry trade group. It includes nearly 5,000 hospitals and health care providers.

The organization, which was founded in Cleveland, Ohio in 1898, with offices in Chicago, Illinois, and Washington, D.C. is currently headquartered in Chicago.

The organization has lobbied against Medicare for All proposals and opposed "free care to low-income people who lack medical insurance." It has also filed lawsuits to stop the U.S. government from requiring that hospitals make their prices public, as well as lobbied against various proposals to reduce health care costs for patients and taxpayers.
Tangry
Tangry (French pronunciation: [tɑ̃ɡʁi]) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

Tangry lies 36 km northwest of Arras, at the junction of the D70, D77 and D99 roads.

Pas-de-Calais
The Pas-de-Calais (French: [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] ⓘ, 'strait of Calais'; Picard: Pas-Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments of France, with 887, and is the 8th most populous. It had a population of 1,465,278 in 2019. The Calais Passage connects to the Port of Calais on the English Channel. The Pas-de-Calais borders the departments of Nord and Somme and is connected to the English county of Kent via the Channel Tunnel.
Marvel Zombies 3
Marvel Zombies 3 is a four-issue comic book limited series published by Marvel Comics beginning in October 2008. It is part of the Marvel Zombies series. The series is written by Fred Van Lente, penciled by Kev Walker, with covers by Greg Land.

Machine Man
Machine Man (also known as Aaron Stack, Mister Machine and serial number Z2P45-9-X-51 or X-51 for short) is an android superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character was created by Jack Kirby for 2001: A Space Odyssey #8 (July 1977), a comic written and drawn by Kirby featuring concepts based on the eponymous 1968 Stanley Kubrick feature film and Arthur C. Clarke's 1968 novel. Shortly thereafter, Machine Man spun off into his own Kirby-created series. He is a robot, the only survivor of a series, raised as a human son of scientist Abel Stack, who was killed removing his auto-destruct mechanism, and further evolved to sentience by a Monolith.
Jiaocheng, Ningde
Jiaocheng (Chinese: 蕉城区; pinyin: Jiāochéng; Foochow Romanized: Ciĕu-siàng) is a district of Ningde, Fujian province, People's Republic of China. Also called Ningde Shiqu (宁德市区 - Ningde Centre), the district seats the municipality's executive, legislature and judiciary, together with its Communist Party and Public Security Bureau.

Public security bureau (China)
A public security bureau (PSB; Chinese: 公安局; pinyin: gōng'ānjú) of a city or county, or public security department (PSD; Chinese: 公安厅; pinyin: Gōng'āntīng) in a province or autonomous region of the People's Republic of China is a generic term for a police department.
Rákoczi Oak
The Rákoczi Oak (Slovak: Rákocziho Dub) is a protected tree on the periphery of Strážov Mountains, near the village of Podlužany, Slovakia.

The exact age of the tree is unknown but it is alleged that the leader of uprising against Habsburgs, Francis II Rákóczi had built his tent beneath it when he marched with his army in the end of 17th century. Today it is an important natural landmark and a picnic site on the side of the marked green trail.

Strážov Mountains
The Strážov Mountains (Slovak: Strážovské vrchy, pronounced [ˈstraːʐɔwske ˈʋr̩xi]) are a mountain range in northwestern Slovakia, being part of Inner Western Carpathians, and of the Fatra-Tatra Area. They are situated between the towns of Trenčín, Považská Bystrica, Rajec, Prievidza and Bánovce nad Bebravou, bordering White Carpathians and the Váh river in the northwest and west, Javorníky in the north, Malá Fatra in the east, Vtáčnik and Nitra river in the south and Považský Inovec in the southwest. The highest mountain is Strážov (1,213 m AMSL)

The Strážov Mountains and Súľov Mountains are protected by the Strážov Mountains Protected Landscape Area since 1989. The Súľov Rocks in the northwest have been designated as a nature reserve.

Many thermal springs can be found here, inspiring the establishment of many spa centres in the region, for example Trenčianske Teplice or Rajecké Teplice.
NGC 7003
NGC 7003 is a spiral galaxy around 220 million light-years  from Earth in the constellation Delphinus. NGC 7003 has an estimated diameter of 85,000 light-years. The galaxy was discovered by German astronomer Heinrich Louis d'Arrest on August 26, 1864.

One supernova has been observed in NGC 7003: on May 12, 2011, SN 2011dk (type II, mag. 16.5) was discovered.

The redshift of NGC 7003 places it in a filamentary ridge in the Perseus–Pisces Supercluster. The galaxy is host to a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 3.9 × 107 M☉.

Galaxy filament
In cosmology, galaxy filaments are the largest known structures in the universe, consisting of walls of galactic superclusters. These massive, thread-like formations can commonly reach 50 to 80 megaparsecs (160 to 260 megalight-years)—with the largest found to date being Quipu (400 megaparsecs), and possibly the still unconfirmed Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall at around 3 gigaparsecs (9.8 Gly) in length—and form the boundaries between voids. Due to the accelerating expansion of the universe, the individual clusters of gravitationally bound galaxies that make up galaxy filaments are moving away from each other at an accelerated rate; in the far future they will dissolve.

Galaxy filaments form the cosmic web and define the overall structure of the observable universe.
Abdication of Nicholas II
Emperor Nicholas II abdicated the throne of the Russian Empire on the 2nd of March (O.S.) / 15th of March (N.S.) 1917, in the Russian city of Pskov, in the midst of World War I and the February Revolution. The Emperor renounced the throne on behalf of himself and his son, Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich, in favor of his brother Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich. The next day the Grand Duke refused to accept the imperial authority, stating that he would accept it only if that was the consensus of democratic action by the Russian Constituent Assembly, which shall define the form of government for Russia. With this decision, the rule of the 300-year-old House of Romanov ended. Power in Russia then passed to the Russian Provisional Government, signaling victory for the February Revolution.

Emperor of Russia
The emperor and autocrat of all Russia was the official title of the Russian monarch from 1721 to 1917.

The title originated in connection with Russia's victory in the Great Northern War (1700–1721) and appeared as an adaptation of the tsar's title under the accepted system of titling in Europe. The title was transformed from the previous title of tsar and grand prince of all Russia. The old title tsar (or tsaritsa) continued to be popularly used to refer to the emperor (or empress) until the monarchy was abolished in 1917.
Desmon Farmer
Desmon Kenyatta Farmer (born October 7, 1981) is an American former professional basketball player. He played briefly in the National Basketball Association (NBA), for the Seattle SuperSonics and the San Antonio Spurs.

Stockton Kings
The Stockton Kings are an American professional basketball team of the NBA G League based in Stockton, California, and are affiliated with the Sacramento Kings. The Kings play their home games at the Adventist Health Arena and compete in the G League's Western Conference Pacific Division.

The team began play during the 2008–09 season in Reno, Nevada, as the Reno Bighorns. They moved to Stockton and changed their name in 2018.