hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alexander Dirom
Lieutenant-General Alexander Dirom of Luce and Mount Annan FRS FRSE (21 May 1757 – 6 October 1830) was a British Army officer who saw overseas service in Barbados, Jamaica and India. He is remembered not only as a military commander but also as an agricultural improver, which earned him Fellowship of both the Royal Society of London and the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His most notable contribution was to identify the importance of salt in animal diets, leading to the widespread use of "salt-licks" from around 1800. His views on the British corn trade also paved the way to the formulation of the Corn Laws in the early 19th century.

Luce Bay
Luce Bay is a large bay in Wigtownshire in southern Scotland.  The bay is 20 miles wide at its mouth and is bounded by the Rhins of Galloway to the west and the Machars to the east.  The Scares are rocky islets at the mouth of the bay.
1938 Milan–San Remo
The 1938 Milan–San Remo was the 31st edition of the Milan–San Remo cycle race and was held on 19 March 1938. The race started in Milan and finished in San Remo. The race was won by Giuseppe Olmo of the Bianchi team.

Sanremo
Sanremo, also spelled San Remo in English and formerly in Italian, is a comune (municipality) on the Mediterranean coast of Liguria, in northwestern Italy. Founded in Roman times, it has a population of about 53,000, and is known as a tourist destination on the Italian Riviera. It hosts numerous cultural events, such as the Sanremo Music Festival and the Milan–San Remo cycling classic. Italo Calvino, the most significant figure of 20th century Italian literature, spent his formative years here.
Howard Academy
Howard Academy, at 306 NW 7th Avenue in Ocala, Florida, was a school for African-American children opened in 1866 or 1867: 40  by the Freedmen's Bureau. Up until that time there had been no public and almost no private education for African Americans in Florida; education for slaves was prohibited by law (see Anti-literacy laws in the United States) and free blacks were made to feel unwelcome and encouraged to leave the state.

Ocala, Florida
Ocala (/oʊˈkælə/ oh-KAL-ə) is a city in and the county seat of Marion County, Florida, United States. Located in North Central Florida, the city's population was 63,591 as of the 2020 census, up from 56,315 at the 2010 census and making it the 43rd-most populated city in Florida. Ocala is the principal city of the Ocala metropolitan area, which had a population of 375,908 in 2020.

Home to over 400 thoroughbred farms and training centers, Ocala is considered the "Horse Capital of the World". Notable attractions include the Ocala National Forest, Silver Springs State Park, Rainbow Springs State Park, the College of Central Florida, and the World Equestrian Center.
Indian National Trade Union Congress
The Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC) is a national trade union centre in India. Founded on 3 May 1947, it is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation. The INTUC claims a membership of over 30 million.

International Trade Union Confederation
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC; French: Confédération syndicale international, CSI; German: Internationaler Gewerkschaftsbund, IGB; Spanish: Confederación Sindical Internacional, CSI) is the world's largest trade union federation.
Sukh
Sukh signifies the following:

Sukha or sukh, happiness in Sanskrit, the opposite of duḥkha (sadness)

Sükh, the axe of Mongolian revolutionary Damdin Sükhbaatar

Sukh, a fictional deity in the Fighting Fantasy game

People

Sukh Chungh (born 1992), Canadian football player

Sukh Dhaliwal, Canadian businessman and politician in British Columbia

Sukh Ojla (born 1984), English stand-up comedian

Sukh Ram, former member of the Parliament of India

Raja Sukh Jivan, historical ruler of Kashmir

Sukh Dhaliwal
Sukhminder "Sukh" Singh Dhaliwal MP (born October 1, 1960) is a Canadian businessman and politician, who has served as the Liberal Member of Parliament for Surrey—Newton since 2015. He was previously the Member of Parliament for Newton—North Delta from 2006 to 2011.
Listed buildings in Midhopestones
Midhopestones is a village which forms part of the parish of Bradfield, in the City of Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England; here defined as the part of the parish in the Stocksbridge and Upper Don ward and the S36 postcode area.  The area contains 23 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The area is to the northwest of the city of Sheffield, and contains the village of Midhopestones, the hamlets of Upper Midhope and Wigtwizzle, and a large area of countryside, much of which is moorland.

The listed buildings consist of farmhouses and associated buildings, houses, a toll cottage, an inn, a smithy, a bridge, and a guide post.

Bradfield, South Yorkshire
Bradfield is a civil parish in the City of Sheffield, in South Yorkshire, England.

The civil parish is extensive, the western half is situated in the moorlands of the Peak District, the eastern half is in lower agricultural land and contains the parish's significant habitations, which include the Sheffield suburb of Stannington, as well as Oughtibridge and Worrall, and the villages of High Bradfield and Low Bradfield. The parish also includes several reservoirs, and a number of minor settlements, such as Ewden. Bradfield is located 8 miles (13 km) from Sheffield city centre and 14 miles (23 km) from Barnsley.

On 6 July 2014, Stage 2 of the 2014 Tour de France from York to Sheffield, passed through the village. It was also the location of the seventh climb of the stage, the Category 4 Côte de Bradfield. It was 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) long at an average gradient of 7.4%. The one point in the King of the Mountains competition was claimed by Andriy Hrivko of Astana Pro Team.
Miika Kirmula
Miika Kirmula (born 12 December 1994) is a Finnish orienteering competitor, born in Vantaa. He competed at the 2019 World Orienteering Championships in Østfold, where placed 16th in the long distance, 7th in the middle final, and won a silver medal with the Finnish relay team. He won a gold medal in the middle distance at the 2014 Junior World Orienteering Championships.

At the 2025 World Orienteering Championships, he placed 
5th in the middle distance, 6th in the long distance, and won a bronze medal in the relay with the Finnish team.

Junior World Orienteering Championships
The Junior World Orienteering Championships (JWOC) are an annual orienteering competition. They were first held in 1990. Entry is open to national teams aged 20 and below as of 31 December in the year of competition. Representative countries must be members of the International Orienteering Federation (IOF).
Maria de Alvear
Maria de Alvear (born 1960 in Madrid, Spain) is a Spanish-German composer living in Germany who was born to a Spanish father and German mother. She studied with Mauricio Kagel at the Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln, completing a course in new music theatre in 1986.

Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln
The Cologne University of Music (German: Hochschule für Musik und Tanz Köln) is a public university of music and dance located in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Established in 1850 as the Conservatorium der Musik in Coeln, it is one of the largest music academies in Europe, with approximately 1,400 students and over 100 professors.
James Meyer (cricketer)
James Duncan Meyer (born 7 March 1966) is a former English cricketer.  Meyer was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born at Wolverhampton, Staffordshire.

Meyer played a single MCCA Knockout Trophy match for Shropshire against Dorset in 1995.

In 2000, he represented the Worcestershire Cricket Board in a single List A match against the Kent Cricket Board in the 2000 NatWest Trophy. In his only List A match, he scored 7 runs and took a single wicket at a cost of 42 runs.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Grouse Mountain (California)
Grouse Mountain is located on the border of Kern County and Ventura County a few miles south southwest of the community of Pine Mountain Club at an elevation of 8,586 feet (2,617 m). The summit is in Kern County. The mountain is in the Chumash Wilderness which is administered by the Los Padres National Forest.

Ventura County, California
Ventura County (/vɛnˈtʊərə/ ⓘ) is a county located in the southern part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 843,843. The largest city is Oxnard, California, and the county seat is the city of Ventura, California.

Ventura County comprises the Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Greater Los Angeles area (Los Angeles–Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area). It is also considered the southernmost county along the California Central Coast.

Two of the Channel Islands are part of the county: Anacapa Island, which is the most visited island in Channel Islands National Park, and San Nicolas Island.
Andrew John Cash
Sir Andrew John Cash KStJ OBE (born 14 October 1955) was Chief Executive of Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. He retired from the role early 2019.

He was educated at Bristol Grammar School, the University of East Anglia (BA, Economic and Social History) and the University of Leeds.

Cash was appointed an Officer of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2001 New Year Honours.

He was knighted in the 2009 Birthday Honours.

He was appointed as a Knight of Justice of the Order of St John (K.StJ) on  29 January 2020.

In 2015 the Health Service Journal judged him as the second to top Chief Executive in the National Health Service.

2001 New Year Honours
The 2001 New Year Honours List is one of the annual New Year Honours, a part of the British honours system, where New Year's Day, 1 January, is marked in several Commonwealth countries by appointing new members of orders of chivalry and recipients of other official honours. Awards for 2001, announced on 30 December 2000, included the United Kingdom, New Zealand, the Cook Islands, Barbados, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize and Saint Christopher and Nevis.
Trade unions in Turkey
There are four national trade union centers in Turkey. The oldest and largest is the Confederation of Turkish Trade Unions (TÜRK-İŞ).

Confederation of Turkish Trade Unions (TÜRK-İŞ, founded 1952, 1.75m members)

Confederation of Revolutionary Trade Unions of Turkey (DİSK, founded 1967, 327,000 members)

Confederation of Turkish Real Trade Unions (HAK-İŞ, founded 1976, 340,000 members)

Confederation of Public Workers' Unions (KESK, founded 1995, 300,000 members)

Some unions, such as the KESK-affiliated education union Eğitim-Sen, have witnessed repeated attempts on banning and member imprisonment.

Confederation of Turkish Real Trade Unions
The Confederation of Turkish Real Trade Unions (HAK-İŞ) is one of the four major national trade union centers in Turkey. It was founded October 22, 1976, and has a membership of 680,000. It was founded as a confederation of trade unions close to Islamist National Salvation Party and it is now close to Justice and Development Party.

HAK-İŞ is affiliated with the International Trade Union Confederation, and the European Trade Union Confederation.
Turiwára
Turiwára or Turiuara are an indigenous people of Brazil, living in the states of Pará and Amazonas. In 1995, their population was 30. Their language, Turiwára, which belongs to subgroup VIII of the Tupi-Guarani languages, is extinct.

Tupi–Guarani languages
Tupi–Guarani (/tuːˈpiː ɡwɑˈrɑːni/ /ɡwɑˈɾɑ-/; Tupi-Guarani: [tuˈpi ɡwaɾaˈni]; pronunciationⓘ) is the most widely distributed subfamily of the Tupian languages of South America. It consists of about fifty languages, including Guarani and Old Tupi. The most widely spoken in modern times by far is Guarani, which is one of the two official languages of Paraguay.
Robert Davidson (Australian politician)
Robert Davidson (4 September 1856 – 5 August 1931) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Mauchline in Ayrshire to fancy box manufacturer John Davidson and Mary Dalrymple. He attended the University of Glasgow and studied at the Free Church College. Arriving in Sydney in 1883, he married Jeanie Logan Muir on 31 August that year; they would have seven children. In 1884 he was ordained a minister in the Free Church of Scotland and given responsibility for Port Macquarie Parish, which he retained until his retirement in 1893 when he became proprietor of the Port Macquarie News. In 1901 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Liberal member for Hastings and Macleay, serving until his retirement in 1910. He retired to Kiama, where he was buried after his death in Forbes in 1931.

Mauchline
Mauchline (/ˈmɒxlɪn/; Scottish Gaelic: Maghlinn) is a town and civil parish in East Ayrshire, Scotland. In the 2001 census Mauchline had a recorded population of 4,105. It is home to the National Burns Memorial.
Massoud Pedram
Massoud Pedram (Persian: مسعود پدرام) (born in Ahvaz) is an Iranian American computer engineer noted for his research in green computing, energy storage systems, low-power electronics and design, electronic design automation and quantum computing.
In the early 1990s, Pedram pioneered an approach to designing VLSI circuits that considered physical effects during logic synthesis. He named this approach layout-driven logic synthesis, which was subsequently called physical synthesis and incorporated into the standard EDA design flows. Pedram's early work on this subject became a significant prior art reference in a litigation between Synopsys Inc. and Magma Design Automation.

Electronic design automation
Electronic design automation (EDA), also referred to as electronic computer-aided design (ECAD), is a category of software tools for designing electronic systems such as integrated circuits and printed circuit boards. The tools work together in a design flow that chip designers use to design and analyze entire semiconductor chips. Since a modern semiconductor chip can have billions of components, EDA tools are essential for their design. A complete set of technologies are integrated in EDA tools, which have been expanded to software, hardware and design methodologies (such as through design services),  this article in particular describes EDA specifically with respect to integrated circuits (ICs).
Tabor House (Jerusalem)
Thabor House or Tabor House  (Beit Tavor in Hebrew) is a landmark building in Jerusalem, Israel.

Tabor House was built in 1882 by archaeologist, missionary and architect Conrad Schick as a home for his family. The building is located at 58 Street of the Prophets. The name was taken from Psalm 89:12: "The north and the south, Thou has created them; Tabor and Hermon shall rejoice in Thy name." Palm leaves with the carved Greek letters Alpha and Omega decorate the façade. Schick lived in the house until his death in 1901.

In 1951, the house was purchased by Swedish Protestants who established the Swedish Theological Institute there. The building, with a turret and thick stone walls, contains a small church, two libraries and a shaded interior courtyard.

Mount Tabor
Mount Tabor (/ˈtʌbər/; Hebrew: הַר תָּבוֹר, romanized: Har Tavor; Arabic: جبل طابور, romanized: Jabal Ṭābūr), sometimes spelled Mount Thabor, is a large hill of biblical significance in the Lower Galilee, Israel, at the eastern end of the Jezreel Valley, 18 kilometres (11 miles) west of the Sea of Galilee.

In the Hebrew Bible (Joshua, Judges), Mount Tabor is the site of the  battle of Mount Tabor between the Israelite army under the leadership of Barak and the army of the Canaanite king of Hazor, Jabin, commanded by Sisera.

Mount Tabor is one of the mountains identified as the site of the Transfiguration of Jesus.
Veer Singh Mehta
Veer Singh Mehta (born 5 December 1949 in Rajasthan, India), is an Indian neurosurgeon . He received his education and training at SMS Medical College Jaipur and later at AIIMS. Mehta is a pioneer in surgery for brachial plexus injuries in India and is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Medical Sciences. He was elected as the president of the Neurological Society and as the President of the South Asian Neurosurgeons. He is known for his work in the field of brain stem surgery, brachial plexus surgery, aneurysms and spinal tumor surgery. He is a well known brain tumor surgeon in India and has treated numerous Indian and International patient all across the globe for brain disorders.  The Government of India awarded him Padma Shri in 2005. Noted neurosurgeon B. K. Misra was his junior at AIIMS Delhi.

National Academy of Medical Sciences
National Academy of Medical Sciences (India), better known by its acronym, NAMS, is a non-constitutional, non-statutory advisory body to the Government in matters related to National Health Policy and Planning and as a promoting agency for continuing medical education (CME) for medical and health professionals. It is a part of the Inter Academy Medical Panel (IAMP), a global network of medical academies. The Academy is headquartered at NAMS House, at Ansari Nagar, neighbouring the AIIMS and the ICMR House, along Mahatma Gandhi Marg, in the Indian capital of New Delhi.
Katum
Katum (Vietnamese: Kà Tum) is a small village in northern Tây Ninh Province, Vietnam.

During the Vietnam War, the U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam operated an air base at Katum Camp. Katum was also later included in reports on re-education camps following the war.

Tây Ninh province
Tây Ninh is a province in the Southeast region of Vietnam, with the new provincial capital was located at Long An Ward (formerly as Tân An City, Long An province) (old provincial capital Tây Ninh City, Tây Ninh Province changed to Tân Ninh Ward).

Tây Ninh province is located between Ho Chi Minh City and Phnom Penh, in Southern Key Economic Zone. Tây Ninh City is 99 km away from Ho Chi Minh City following National Route 22 and 40 km away from the border with Cambodia to the northwest.

Followers of the Cao Dai, who dominate the area, have built a Holy See in Tây Ninh. The region also has concentrations of the Hòa Hảo, a rival Buddhist sect. The area is noted for its large rubber and sugar plantations; rice and coconuts are also harvested.

The province has a population of 1,169,165 (in 2019) and an area of 4,041.65 km2 (1,560.49 mi2).
Touch My Blood
Touch My Blood is the third album released by South African rapper AKA. Released on 15 June 2018 through Beam Group in partnership with NYCE Entertainment, it is his first independent release and is the follow-up to his sophomore album, Levels. It features guest appearances from fellow South African artists including L-Tido, JR, Yanga Chief, Stogie T, Kwesta & Okmalumkoolkat, as well as a sole international appearance by Nigerian artist and producer KDDO. Production is handled by AKA, Master A Flat, Tweezy, Tazzy, Kiddominant, Anatii, Gemini Major, DJ Maphorisa, Makwa, Buks and additional production by Julian McGuire. Touch My Blood was certified Gold by the Recording Industry of South Africa (RiSA) on 25 June 2018, just one week into its release. On 9 November 2018, the album was certified platinum by RiSA four months after its release.

L-Tido
Thato Madonsela (born 30 January 1985), better known by his stage name L-Tido, is a South African hip hop recording artist from Alexandra, Johannesburg. He is best known for being one of the few independent artists in the country to reach commercial success, winning the Best Newcomer in Africa award at the 2010 Channel O Music Video Awards
Alexander of Hierapolis (Syria)
Alexander of Hierapolis (Gr. Ἀλέξανδρος)  (fl. 431) was a bishop of Hierapolis Bambyce in Roman Syria.

Alexander was sent by John, bishop of Antioch, to advocate the cause of Nestorius at the Council of Ephesus.  His hostility to Cyril of Alexandria was such that he openly charged him with Apollinarism, and rejected the communion of John, Theodoret, and the other Eastern bishops, on their reconciliation with him.  He appealed to the pope, but was rejected, and was at last banished by the emperor Theodosius II to the mines of Famothis in Egypt, where he died.  Twenty-three letters of his are extant in Latin in the Nova Collectio Conciliorum of Étienne Baluze, p. 670, &c. Paris, 1683.

Roman Syria
Roman Syria was an early Roman province annexed to the Roman Republic in 64 BC by Pompey in the Third Mithridatic War following the defeat of King of Armenia Tigranes the Great, who had become the protector of the Hellenistic kingdom of Syria.

Following the partition of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea into a tetrarchy in 4 BC, it was gradually absorbed into Roman provinces, with Roman Syria annexing Iturea and Trachonitis. By the late 2nd century AD, the province was divided into Coele Syria and Syria Phoenice.
Protein sequencing
Protein sequencing is the practical process of determining the amino acid sequence of all or part of a protein or peptide. This may serve to identify the protein or characterize its post-translational modifications. Typically, partial sequencing of a protein provides sufficient information (one or more sequence tags) to identify it with reference to databases of protein sequences derived from the conceptual translation of genes.

The two major direct methods of protein sequencing are mass spectrometry and Edman degradation using a protein sequenator (sequencer). Mass spectrometry methods are now the most widely used for protein sequencing and identification but Edman degradation remains a valuable tool for characterizing a protein's N-terminus.

Phenyl isothiocyanate
Phenyl isothiocyanate (PITC) is a reagent for organic chemistry.  Also known as Edman's reagent, it is used in Edman degradation.

Edman degradation's main competitor uses ortho-phthaldehyde (OPA), which is less sensitive and thus amenable to automated, reversed-phase HPLC.  However, PITC can be used for analysing secondary amines, unlike OPA.

Commercially available, this compound may be synthesized by the reaction of aniline with carbon disulfide and concentrated ammonia to give the ammonium dithiocarbamate salt of aniline in the first step, which on further reaction with lead(II) nitrate gives phenyl isothiocyanate:

Another method of synthesizing this reagent involves a Sandmeyer reaction using aniline, sodium nitrite and copper(I) thiocyanate.