hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ouray National Wildlife Refuge
Ouray National Wildlife Refuge (also called Ouray National Waterfowl Refuge) is a wildlife refuge in central Uintah County, Utah, in the northeastern part of the state. It is part of the National Wildlife Refuge system, located two miles northeast of the village of Ouray, 10 miles (16 km) southeast of the town of Randlett, and 30 miles (50 km) southwest of Vernal.

Established in 1960, it straddles the Green River for 12 miles (19 km), and covers 11,987 acres (48.51 km2). A portion of the refuge (3,800 acres [1,500 ha]) is leased from the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation. The refuge was created for the use of both local and migratory birds, and with funds provided by the sale of Federal Duck Stamps.

The site of the refuge also holds the Ouray National Fish Hatchery, which was established in 1996 to help hatch razorback suckers, humpback chubs, Colorado pikeminnows and Bonytail chubs.

Precipitation is less than 7 inches (180 mm) per annum.

National Wildlife Refuge
The National Wildlife Refuge System is a system of protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency within the Department of the Interior. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife, and plants.
Philip Tudhope
Lieutenant Philip Murray Tudhope (born 27 September 1898, date of death unknown) was a World War I flying ace credited with six aerial victories.

Tudhope joined the Royal Flying Corps in May 1917. On 3 March 1918, he was assigned to 46 Squadron. On 25 April 1918, he joined with Captain Cecil Marchant and Lieutenant E. Smith to destroy an LVG two-seater reconnaissance plane. He then set afire a Pfalz D.III on 30 May. His last four victories were "out of control" wins over Fokker D.VIIs. The last two of these, on 17 September, were during a melee, and were shared with Captain Donald MacLaren and four other RAF pilots; the Fokkers fell and collided with one another.: 369

LVG
Luftverkehrsgesellschaft m.b.H. (L.V.G. or LVG) was a German aircraft manufacturer based in Berlin-Johannisthal, which began constructing aircraft in 1912, building Farman-type aircraft. The company constructed many reconnaissance and light bomber biplanes during World War I.

The raid on London in 1916 was conducted by one LVG C.IV. It dropped its bombs near London Victoria station, but was shot down by French anti-aircraft gunners on its way home.
Abdominis
The term abdominis is an old Latin term for abdomen. It refers to the region of the body between the chest and the pelvis, also known as the belly.

In modern times, it is still used in anatomical classification of muscles in the human abdomen.

The abdominal wall is made up of several layers of muscles, which are collectively known as the abdominal muscles. These muscles support the spine, protect the internal organs, and help with movement. The five main abdominal muscles are:

Rectus abdominis muscle

External obliques muscle

Internal obliques muscle

Pyramidalis muscle

Transverse abdominal muscle

Abdominal internal oblique muscle
The internal abdominal oblique muscle, also internal oblique muscle or interior oblique or musculus obliquus abdominis internus, is an abdominal muscle in the abdominal wall that lies below the external abdominal oblique muscle and just above the transversus abdominis muscle.
Ira Kaplan
Ira David Kaplan (born January 7, 1957) is a co-founder, vocalist, guitarist and songwriter in the American indie rock band Yo La Tengo. He is married to the band's co-founder Georgia Hubley.

A graduate of Sarah Lawrence College, Kaplan formed Yo La Tengo in the early 1980s.  Previously, he worked as a music critic for the SoHo Weekly News, New York Rocker, Village Voice and Matter, as well as serving as a soundman, roadie and backup musician for Mofungo and other New York-area bands. Kaplan's life, family, and musical development were chronicled in the book Big Day Coming: Yo La Tengo and the Rise of Indie Rock, by Jesse Jarnow (Avery Books, 2012).

In 2012, Spin named Kaplan the 97th greatest guitarist of all time.

Kaplan's vocals were featured in Eluvium's 2013 album Nightmare Ending in the song "Happiness". He occasionally hosts a free-form radio program on WFMU under the name "Ira the K."

Eluvium (musician)
Matthew Robert Cooper, also known by the moniker Eluvium, is an American ambient recording artist who resides in Portland, Oregon. Cooper was born in Tennessee and raised in Louisville, Kentucky, before relocating to the Northwest. His albums often feature artwork and photographs by Jeannie Paske. He is signed to the record label Temporary Residence Limited.
Pasmilgys
Pasmilgys is a village located in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. It is located by the Smilga river. The village had a population of 8 people as of the 2011 census.

There is a Holocaust burial place in Pasmilgys, where 2,076 Jews from Kėdainiai, Šėta and Žeimiai were murdered.

Kėdainiai
Kėdainiai (Lithuanian: [kʲeːˈdâːɪ.nʲɛɪ̯ˑ] ⓘ) is a city in Lithuania. It is located on the banks of the Nevėžis river 45 km (28 mi) north of  Kaunas, Lithuania's second largest city. One of the oldest settlements in the country, Kėdainiai was first mentioned in the 1372 Livonian Chronicle of Hermann de Wartberge, and became a city in 1590. Its population as of 2022 was 23,051. The Kėdainiai Old Town dates to the 17th century and many of its historical buildings were preserved.

The town is the administrative centre of the Kėdainiai District Municipality. The geographical centre of Lithuania is in the nearby village of Ruoščiai in the eldership of Dotnuva.

Other smaller villages circle the territory in a distance of five miles or a little further from the St. George's Church of Kėdainiai — Lančiūnava, Kapliai, Labūnava, Josvainiai, Dotnuva, and Kalnaberžė.
2023 Cavan Intermediate Football Championship
The 2023 Cavan Intermediate Football Championship is the 59th edition of Cavan GAA's premier Gaelic football tournament for intermediate graded clubs in County Cavan, Ireland. The tournament consists of 14 teams, with the winner representing Cavan in the Ulster Intermediate Club Football Championship. The championship began on 10 August 2023.

Ballyhaise won the championship with a six-point win over Denn in the final.

Denn GFC
Denn, Daniel O'Connells GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the village of Crosskeys, County Cavan, Ireland. They are affiliated with Cavan GAA. The club was founded in 1969 following the merging of the two clubs in the parish, Drumavaddy & Crosskeys.
WFBA
WFBA (90.5 FM) is an American non-commercial educational radio station licensed to serve the community of Kulpmont, Pennsylvania and the larger surrounding communities of Shamokin and Frackville. The station's broadcast license is held by Beaver Springs Faith Baptist Church, Inc.

WFBA broadcasts a Southern Gospel music format. It is part of a simulcast with 90.5 WFBM of Beaver Springs and 90.1 WFBV of Selinsgrove.

Frackville, Pennsylvania
Frackville is a borough in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, Frackville had a population of 3,860. Incorporated in 1876, Frackville is located at the intersection of Interstate 81 and Pennsylvania State Route 61, which is approximately 102 miles (164 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 60 miles (97 km) southwest of Scranton. Frackville is named for Daniel Frack, an early Anglo-American settler.
2002 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting
Elections to the Baseball Hall of Fame for 2002 proceeded in keeping with rules enacted in 2001. The Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA) held an election to select from among recent players; Ozzie Smith was elected.

The Veterans Committee did not hold an election; the 2001 rules changes provided that elections for players retired over 20 years would be held every other year, with elections of non-players (managers, umpires and executives) held every fourth year. The Committee held elections in 2001 for players who were active no later than 1979. The next Veterans Committee election, for both categories, was in 2003.

The induction ceremonies were held on July 28 in Cooperstown, with Commissioner Bud Selig presiding.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Adam Poniński (1732–1798)
Adam Poniński (1732 or 1733 – 23 July 1798) was a Polish nobleman, Prince, one of the leaders of the Radom Confederation of 1767, Grand Treasurer of the Crown (from 1775), member of the Permanent Council, he is remembered as the infamous Marshal of the Sejm (together with Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł) of the Partition Sejm (1773–1775). Considered by many contemporaries and historians a traitor, serving Russian ambassadors, he was stripped of all titles and exiled by the decree of the Great Sejm in 1790 but restored soon afterwards by the Confederation of Targowica.

His son, Adam Poniński, born in 1758, became a military general.

Marshal of the Sejm
The Marshal of the Sejm  (Polish: Marszałek Sejmu, pronounced [marˈʂawɛk ˈsɛjmu]) is the speaker (chair) of the Sejm, the lower house of the Polish Parliament. The office traces its origins to the 15th century. In modern Poland, the full title is Marshal of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (Marszałek Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej). Marszałek, in this case, is Polish native name for parliamentary Speaker.
Tholai
Tholai is a village in Jamwa Ramgarh tehsil in Jaipur District of Rajasthan State, India. It belongs to Jaipur Division. It is located 40 km towards East from district headquarters Jaipur. 6 km from Jamwa Ramgarh. 37 km from state capital Jaipur.

Tholai pin code is 303001 and postal head office is Jamwaramgarh.

Raipur (3 km), Khawarani (4 km), Andhi (6 km), Lalwas (7 km), Bhawani (9 km) are the nearby Villages to Tholai. Tholai is surrounded by Bassi tehsil towards South, Dausa Tehsil towards East, Amber Tehsil towards west, Jaipur tehsil towards west.

Jaipur, Bandikui, Rajgarh (Alwar), Lalsot are the nearby Cities to Tholai.

Alwar
Alwar (Rajasthani Pronunciation: [əlʋəɾ]) is a city in Rajasthan and the administrative headquarters of Alwar District in the state of Rajasthan. It is located 150 km south of Delhi and 150 km north of Jaipur.
Allium aaseae
Allium aaseae, the Southern Idaho onion or Aase's onion, is a plant species endemic to southwestern Idaho. It has been reported from 6 counties: Elmore, Ada, Boise, Gem, Payette and Washington.

The plant is named for American botanist Hannah Caroline Aase (1883-1980), at one time professor at Washington State University in Pullman.

Allium aaseae grows on sandy and gravelly sites at elevations of 800–1100 m. It has egg-shaped bulbs up to 2 cm in diameter, and pink or white bell-shaped flowers up to 10 mm long.

Pullman, Washington
Pullman is the most populous city in Whitman County, located in southeastern Washington within the Palouse region of the Pacific Northwest. The population was 32,901 at the 2020 census, and estimated to be 33,543 in 2024. Originally founded as Three Forks, the city was renamed after industrialist George Pullman in 1881.

Pullman is noted as a fertile agricultural area known for its many miles of rolling hills and the production of wheat and legumes. It is home to Washington State University, a public research land-grant university, and the international headquarters of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories. Pullman is eight miles (13 km) from Moscow, Idaho, home to the University of Idaho, and is served by the Pullman–Moscow Regional Airport.
Great Bolas
Great Bolas (/boʊləs/), or Bolas Magna, is a village in the civil parish of Waters Upton, in the Telford and Wrekin borough of Shropshire, England,  It is situated north-west of Newport, and about eight miles north of Telford. It is situated at the confluence of the Tern and the small River Meese. There is a hamlet called Little Bolas a short distance to the west. Another hamlet called Meeson, south of the River Meese, was formerly a separate township of Great Bolas parish.

River Meese
The River Meese is a river located in Shropshire, England. It is a tributary of the River Tern, which in turn is a tributary of the River Severn.

The river is only known as the Meese below Aqualate Mere, but its source lies considerably higher via the stream known successively as Dawford Brook, Lynn Brook, Moreton Brook, Back Brook, and Coley Brook, which flows north from its source near the Roman Watling Street (now the A5) just to the east of Weston-under-Lizard until it reaches Aqualate Mere.

For around 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) near Newport, Shropshire it forms the border between Shropshire and Staffordshire, where it is joined by Lonco Brook from the north.
TUM School of Management
The TUM School of Management is the business school of the Technical University of Munich, located on its Munich campus.

It is triple accredited by the European Quality Improvement System (EQUIS), the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), and the Association of MBAs (AMBA).

EFMD Quality Improvement System
The EFMD Quality Improvement System (EQUIS) is a business school accreditation run by the Brussels-based European Foundation for Management Development (EFMD). EQUIS accredits higher education institutions of management and business administration, and is considered one of the triple accreditation.

As of September 2025, EQUIS has accredited 228 institutions in 45 countries around the world. In 2022, EQUIS suspended all higher education institutions in Russia from its ranking.
Changhua Roundhouse
Changhua Roundhouse (Chinese: 彰化扇形車庫; pinyin: Zhānghuà Shànxíng Chēkù) is a railway roundhouse operated by Taiwan Railway (TR) in Changhua City, Changhua County, Taiwan. The roundhouse is located directly north of Changhua railway station. Built in 1922, it is the only surviving railway roundhouse in Taiwan.

Changhua County
Changhua (Wade-Giles: Chang¹-hua⁴) is a county of Taiwan, that is the smallest on the main island of Taiwan by area, and the fourth smallest in the country. With a total population of 1.24 million, Changhua County is the most populous county in the Republic of China. Its capital is Changhua City and it is part of the Taichung–Changhua metropolitan area.
Meknassa Al Gharbia
Meknassa Al Gharbia is a commune in the Taza Province of the Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 4070 people living in 657 households.

Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate
Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate (Arabic: تازة الحسيمة تاونات) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It was situated in northern Morocco. It covered an area of 24,155 km² and had a population of 1,807,036 (2014 census). The capital was Al Hoceima.

In the 2014 national census, it was the only region in the country whose population was less than in the 2004 census, with 77 fewer residents. In 2015, the region was incorporated with the neighbouring Tangier-Tetouan region to form the  Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region.
Zaqqum
In Islamic tradition, the Zaqqum is a cursed tree that is rooted in the center of Hell. It is first mentioned in the Quran (17:60; 37:62–68; 44:43; 56:52), three times by name, as a tree that produces fruits that is fed to the inhabitants of hell to burn their stomachs, before they are also fed boiling liquids.

In Islamic exegesis and modern scholarship, the Zaqqum tree has also been related to Surat al-Masad, which cryptically describes a figure whose title is Abu Lahab.

Abu Lahab
ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib  (Arabic: عبد العزى ابن عبد المطلب), better known as Abū Lahab (Arabic: أبو لهب, lit. 'Father of the Flame'; c. 549–624 CE) was the Islamic prophet Muhammad's half paternal uncle. He was one of the Meccan Quraysh leaders who opposed the Prophet and was condemned in Surat Al-Masad of the Quran.
6 BC
Year 6 BC was a common year starting on Sunday or Monday of the Julian calendar (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and a common year starting on Friday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Balbus and Vetus (or, less frequently, year 748 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 6 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Common year starting on Sunday
A common year starting on Sunday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Sunday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is A. The most recent year of such kind was 2023, and the next one will be 2034 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2018 and 2029 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more.

Any common year that starts on a Sunday has two Friday the 13ths: those two in this common year occur in January and October.

This year has four months (January, April, July and October) which begin on a weekend-day.
Lola Montez
Eliza Rosanna Gilbert (17 February 1821 – 17 January 1861), better known by the stage name Lola Montez (/moʊnˈtɛz/), was an Irish dancer and actress who became famous as a Spanish dancer, courtesan, and mistress of King Ludwig I of Bavaria, who made her Gräfin (Countess) von Landsfeld. At the start of the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, she was forced to flee. She proceeded to the United States via Austria, Switzerland, France and London, to return to her work as an entertainer and lecturer.

George MacDonald Fraser
George MacDonald Fraser OBE FRSL (2 April 1925 – 2 January 2008) was a British author and screenwriter. He is best known for a series of works that featured the character Flashman. Over the course of his career he wrote eleven novels and one short-story collection in the Flashman series of novels, as well as non-fiction, short stories, novels and screenplays—including those for the James Bond film Octopussy, The Three Musketeers (along with both its sequels) and an adaptation of his own novel Royal Flash.
Gulistan-e-Johar
Gulistan-e-Jauhar or Gulistan-e-Johar (Urdu: گلستانِ جوہر) is a prominent neighborhood in the Karachi East district of Karachi, Pakistan. Famous for its vibrant culture, Gulistan-e-Jauhar ("Garden of Jauhar") is named after Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, a prominent figure in the Pakistan Movement. The neighborhood is distinguished by a myriad of apartment blocks, contributing to its dynamic urban landscape.

Karachi East District
Karachi East District (Urdu: کراچی مشرقی ضلع) is an administrative district of Karachi Division created in 1972. As of the 2023 Pakistani census the population of Karachi East is 3,913,656.

In 2023, the Government of Sindh announced its intent to rename Karachi East District to Gulshan District (Urdu: ضلع گلشن ) to align with its town name; however, there is as yet no indication that this has taken place.
Kansas City Cowboys
Several sports team in Kansas City, Missouri have used the name Cowboys:

Kansas City Cowboys (Union Association), a major league baseball team in the Union Association in 1884

Kansas City Cowboys (National League), a major league baseball team in the National League in 1886

Kansas City Cowboys (American Association), a major league baseball team in the American Association in 1888–89

Kansas City Cowboys (Western League), an early minor league baseball team

Kansas City Cowboys (20th century baseball), a 20th-century minor league baseball team

Kansas City Cowboys (NFL), a 1920s National Football League team

Kansas City Cowboys (USHL), a minor professional ice hockey team in 1950

Kansas City Cowboys (National League)
The Kansas City Cowboys were a National League baseball team that played one season in 1886. They played at League Park and finished with a 30–91 record. They finished in seventh place, ahead of another new team, the Washington Nationals. They were not connected to the Union Association Cowboys.

The Cowboys were admitted to the National League on a trial basis for the 1886 season. The team went out of business in February, 1887, having been forced to sell its players back to the league for $6,000. They were replaced in the league by Pittsburgh, which moved to the league from the American Association.
Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 12
Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 12 is the twelfth installment in a series of live digital downloads of by Grateful Dead Productions. It was released by on April 4, 2006, and features a complete two-disc show performed by the Grateful Dead on April 17, 1969 at Washington University in St. Louis. The second disc includes two bonus tracks from a rehearsal at the Avalon Ballroom on January 23, 1969.

Volume 12 was mastered in HDCD by Jeffery Norman.

Mickey Hart
Mickey Hart (born Michael Steven Hartman, September 11, 1943) is an American percussionist. He is best known as one of the two drummers of the rock band Grateful Dead. He was a member of the Grateful Dead from September 1967 until February 1971, and again from October 1974 until their final show in July 1995. He and fellow Dead drummer Bill Kreutzmann earned the nickname "the rhythm devils".
Prasophyllum album
Prasophyllum album is a species of orchid endemic to Australia. It was first described in 1909 by Richard Rogers from specimens collected in South Australia but is of uncertain application. The herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria notes "The relationship between P. odoratum sens. strict. and P. patens, P. robustum, P. truncatum and P. album is (also) in need of study."

Richard Sanders Rogers
Richard Sanders Rogers (2 December 1861 – 28 March 1942) was a distinguished Australian medical doctor, and world authority on Australasian orchids. He described over 80 Australian orchid species, three from New Zealand and 30 from New Guinea as well as three new genera including one from New Zealand.  He was a consulting physician at the Adelaide Hospital and a member of its board. He may have been the first to practise hypnotism during surgery, allowing him to remove a cyst from a woman's breast without anaesthetics "while she was still awake and talking to assistants and witnesses standing nearby."
William Hudson Farnham
William Hudson Farnham (December 16, 1869 – April 5, 1940) was a manufacturer and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Digby County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1925 to 1928 as a Liberal-Conservative member.

He was born in Canard, Nova Scotia, the son of Reuben Farnham and Eliza Hudson. In 1901, Farnham married Blanche S. Barden. He died in Digby at the age of 70.

Digby, Nova Scotia
Digby is a Canadian town in southwestern Nova Scotia. It is in the historical county of Digby and a separate municipality from the Municipality of the District of Digby. The town is situated on the western shore of the Annapolis Basin near the entrance to the Digby Gut, which connects the basin to the Bay of Fundy.

Named after Admiral Robert Digby, the town has a scallop fishing fleet. The MV Fundy Rose ferry service connects the town to Saint John, New Brunswick.