hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Health care in Calgary
Calgary has four major adult acute care hospitals: the Foothills Medical Centre, Peter Lougheed Centre, Rockyview General Hospital, and South Health Campus, as well as the Alberta Children's Hospital. All operate under Alberta Health Services, the provincial health authority, that delivers medical care on behalf of the Ministry of Health. Medical helicopters are operated by the Shock Trauma Air Rescue Society. Other facilities include the Sheldon M. Chumir Centre, Richmond Road Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Arthur J.E. Child Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Grace Women's Health Centre, Carewest, and Glenmore Auxiliary Hospital. The University of Calgary Medical Clinic, located at the Foothills Medical Centre, operates with the Calgary Health Region. The four largest hospitals have more than 2,164 beds and employ over 11,500 people.

Ministry of Health (Alberta)
Alberta's Ministry of Health is a ministry of the Executive Council of Alberta whose major responsibilities include setting "policy and direction to achieve a sustainable and accountable health system to promote and protect the health of Albertans."

On April 16, 2019, Tyler Shandro replaced Sarah Hoffman as Minister of Health following the 2019 Alberta general election.

On June 9, 2023, Adriana LaGrange replaced Jason Copping as Minister of Health.

The annual budget as of March 31, 2023, was C$23,723,236.

The Edmonton, Alberta-headquartered Alberta Health Services (AHS),  was established in 2008 as the "first province-wide, fully integrated health system" in Canada. AHS delivers medical care on behalf of the Government of Alberta's Ministry of Health. AHS serves 4.3 million Albertans and has a staff of 125,000 staff and 10,000 physicians.: 3
James Ohio Pattie
James Ohio Pattie (c. 1804 – c. 1850) was an American frontiersman and author from Kentucky. Between 1824 and 1830, Pattie took part in a series of fur trapping and trading expeditions, traveling through the American West and Southwest and into modern-day northern and central Mexico.

In 1831, Pattie collaborated with Kentucky newspaperman Timothy Flint to publish an account of his travels, which has been praised by historians for its vivid descriptions of the Southwest, although the exact veracity of Pattie's account is disputed.

Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals have been the most valued. Historically the trade stimulated the exploration and colonization of Siberia, northern North America, and the South Shetland and South Sandwich Islands.

Today the importance of the fur trade has diminished; it is based on pelts produced at fur farms and regulated fur-bearer trapping, but has become controversial. Animal rights organizations oppose the fur trade, citing that animals are brutally killed and sometimes skinned alive. Fur has been replaced in some clothing by synthetic imitations, for example, as in ruffs on hoods of parkas.
Richard Torigi
Richard Torigi (October 30, 1917 – April 6, 2010) was an American baritone and voice teacher. He had an active singing career in operas, concerts, and musicals from the 1940s through the 1980s. While still performing, he embarked on a second successful career as a voice teacher which led to teaching positions at a variety of institutions, including the Juilliard School, the Eastman School of Music, and the Academy of Vocal Arts.

Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. Established in 1921 by celebrated industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman, it was the first professional school of the university.

The school offers Bachelor of Music (BM) degrees, Master of Arts (MA) degrees, Master of Music (MM) degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees, and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degrees in various musical fields, along with a special dual degree with the College of Arts & Sciences for students with multiple interests. The school has three performing orchestras, the Eastman Philharmonia, the Eastman School Symphony Orchestra, and the Philharmonia Chamber Orchestra.

As of 2024, there were more than 950 students enrolled in the collegiate division of the Eastman School (approximately 500 undergraduate and 450 graduate students).
Dashi East railway station
Dashi East railway station (simplified Chinese: 大石东站; traditional Chinese: 大石東站; pinyin: Dàshí Dōng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Daaihsehk Dūng Jaahm) is a station on Guangzhou East Ring intercity railway located in Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. It opened on 29 September 2025.

Guangzhou–Foshan circular intercity railway
Guangzhou–Foshan circular intercity railway, also known as the Guangfo ring intercity railway, is a regional rail in the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region intercity railway system. The line will form a ring around Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. The first section between Guangzhou South to Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport started construction in 2016. The line will operate with China Railway CRH6 EMUs running every 2.5 minutes.

The section from Huadu to Baiyun Airport North, named Guangzhou East Ring Intercity, was opened on 30 November 2020, and extended to Panyu on 29 September 2025.
Statue of Trajan, Tower Hill
The statue of Trajan is an outdoor twentieth-century bronze sculpture depicting the Roman Emperor Trajan, located in front of a section of the London Wall built by Romans, at Tower Hill in London, United Kingdom.

Tower Hill
Tower Hill is the area surrounding the Tower of London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is infamous for the public execution of high status prisoners from the late 14th to the mid 18th century. The execution site on the higher ground north-west of the Tower of London moat is now occupied by Trinity Square Gardens.

Tower Hill rises from the north bank of the River Thames to reach a maximum height of 14.5 metres (48 ft) Ordnance Datum. The land was historically part of the Liberties of the Tower of London, an area the Tower authorities controlled to keep clear of any development which would reduce the defensibility of the Tower. Building has encroached to a degree, but a legacy of this control is that much of the hill is still open. The hill includes land on either side of the London Wall, a large remnant of which is visible.
Aandavan Kattalai (1964 film)
Aandavan Kattalai (transl. God's command) is a 1964 Indian Tamil-language film directed by K. Shankar and produced by P. S. Veerappa. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and Devika, with J. P. Chandrababu, K. Balaji, S. A. Ashokan, A. V. M. Rajan and Pushpalatha in supporting roles. It was released on 12 June 1964. The film is loosely based on the 1930 German film The Blue Angel.

K. Shankar
Kannan Shankar (17 March 1926 - 5 March 2006) was an Indian film editor, screenwriter and director. He directed more than 80 films in South Indian languages including Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada as well as in Hindi.
2023 Tanahun–1 by-election
The 2023 Tanahun–1 by-election was held in the Tanahun 1 constituency of Nepal on 23 April 2023. The by-election was held as the result of the vacation of the seat by the sitting member, Ram Chandra Poudel, who was elected president on 9 March 2023. It was held alongside by-elections in Chitwan 2 and Bara 2.

Rastriya Swatantra Party's Swarnim Wagle, who had left the Nepali Congress a few weeks prior to the by-election citing differences with the party leadership, won the by-election securing over 54 percent of the votes cast.

Bara 2 (constituency)
Bara 2 is one of four parliamentary constituencies of Bara District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Xavier Marmier
Xavier Marmier (French pronunciation: [ɡzavje maʁmje]; 22 June 1808 – 12 October 1892) was a French writer born in Pontarlier, in Doubs. He had a passion for travelling, and this he combined throughout his life with the production of literature. After journeying in Switzerland, Belgium and the Netherlands, he was attached in 1835 to the Arctic expedition of the Recherche; and after a couple of years at Rennes as professor of foreign literature, he visited (1842) Russia, (1845) Syria, (1846) Algeria, (1848–1849) North America and South America, and numerous volumes from his pen were the result.

In 1870 he was elected to the Academy (Seat 31), and he was for many years prominently identified with the Sainte-Geneviève library. He did much to encourage the study of Scandinavian literature in France, publishing translations of Holberg, Oehlenschlager and others. He died in Paris in 1892.

Ludvig Holberg
Ludvig Holberg, Baron of Holberg (3 December 1684 – 28 January 1754) was a writer, essayist, philosopher, historian and playwright born in Bergen, Norway, during the time of the Dano–Norwegian dual monarchy. He was influenced by Humanism, the Enlightenment and the Baroque. Holberg is considered the founder of modern Danish and Norwegian literature. He was also a prominent Neo-Latin author, known across Europe for his writing. He is best known for the comedies he wrote in 1722–1723 for the Lille Grønnegade Theatre in Copenhagen. Holberg's works about natural and common law were widely read by many Danish law students over two hundred years, from 1736 to 1936.
1869 Liberian general election
General elections were held in Liberia in May 1869. The presidential election resulted in a victory for Edward James Roye of the True Whig Party, who defeated incumbent President James Spriggs Payne. The election was very close, with the House of Representatives required to decide the final outcome.

Roye took office on 3 January 1870.

House of Representatives of Liberia
The House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the bicameral legislative branch of Liberia, and together with the Senate comprises the Legislature of Liberia. The number of seats is fixed by law at 73, with each county being apportioned a number of seats based on its percentage of the national population. House members represent single-member districts within the counties drawn up by the National Elections Commission and serve six-year terms. The House meets at the Capitol Building in Monrovia.

The primary purpose of the House is to pass bills in conjunction with the Senate so that they may be sent to the president for signature or veto. The House also holds the exclusive right to introduce revenue bills into the Legislature, as well as to impeach the president, the vice president and judges upon the concurrence of two-thirds of its members. The House is led by the Speaker of the House, elected at the beginning of each new legislature from among its members only.
Embassy of France, Copenhagen
The French Embassy in Copenhagen is the main diplomatic mission of France to the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located in the Thott Palace at Kongens Nytorv 4 in central Copenhagen, Denmark. The ambassador since June 15, 2022 is Christophe Parisot, in replacement of Caroline Ferrari.

Christian V of Denmark
Christian V (15 April 1646 – 25 August 1699) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1670 until his death in 1699.

Well-regarded by the common people, he was the first king anointed at Frederiksborg Castle chapel as absolute monarch since the decree that institutionalized the supremacy of the king in Denmark-Norway. Christian fortified the absolutist system against the aristocracy by accelerating his father's practice of allowing both Holstein nobles and Danish and Norwegian commoners into state service.

As king, he wanted to show his power as absolute monarch through architecture, and dreamed of a Danish Versailles. He was the first to use the 1671 Throne Chair of Denmark, partly made for this purpose. His motto was: Pietate et Justitia (With piety and justice).
Autolite 2100 carburetor
The Autolite 2100  is a two venturi (barrel) carburetor manufactured in multiple variants by Autolite from 1957 to 1973. Eight sizes ranging from 190 cfm to 424 cfm were made, all with synchronized venturis, variously with manual, electric, or automatic hot-air chokes. The design incorporates a feature called Annular Fuel Discharge, which greatly reduces the likelihood of hesitation and flat spots under acceleration. It shares the standard Holley two-barrel bolt pattern. It was succeeded by the Motorcraft 2150 carburetor.

Flow rate is determined by the diameter of the venturi, which was cast into the float chamber side as a number within a circle representing the venturi size in inches:

0.98 - 190 cfm, 1.01 - 240 cfm, 1.02 - 245 cfm, 1.08 - 287 cfm, 1.14 - 300 cfm, 1.21 - 351 cfm, 1.23 - 356 cfm, 1.33 - 424 cfm

Venturi effect
The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure that results when a moving fluid speeds up as it is funneled from one section of a pipe to another, smaller section. As the fluid flows into a smaller area, the fluid's velocity increases, while the static pressure decreases.

The Venturi effect is named after its discoverer, the Italian Physicist Giovanni Battista Venturi, and was first published in 1797.

The effect has various applications in Engineering, Architecture, and everyday objects such as Atomizers that disperse perfume or spray paint and Wine aerators. The reduction in pressure inside the constriction can be used both for measuring the fluid flow and for moving other fluids (e.g. in a vacuum ejector).
Laurent Groppi
Laurent Groppi (born 19 January 1983 in Thonon-les-Bains, Haute-Savoie) is a French racing driver.

Groppi won the Formula Campus by Renault and Elf in 2003 and the Championnat de France Formula Renault 2.0 in 2006. He also competed in Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0. In 2007 he finished second in the French GT Championship and finished fifth in the GT1 Class of the 2007 24 Hours of Le Mans driving a Team ORECA Saleen S7R.

Groppi returned to Oreca for the 2008 24 Hours of Le Mans, but this time finished eighth in LMP1 class in their Judd powered Courage-Oreca LC70. In 2009, he finished fifth in the Le Mans Series GT1 Class with Larbre Competition in their Saleen S7R. In 2010, he won the French GT Championship with Larbre in their Porsche 911 GT3.

Formula Renault 2.0 West European Cup
The Formula Renault 2.0 West European Cup (WEC) was a Formula Renault 2.0 championship that replaced the Championnat de France Formula Renault 2.0 as of 2008, though the series was folded in 2010.

The WEC extends the French championship to the Iberian Peninsula and Belgium, and is organized by the French Signature-Plus team, who previously organised the French series with the support of the RPM Racing. The series will be managed by Patrick Sinault.

As in French Formula Renault, the Challenger Cup will be kept, rewarding the best driver using 2004-spec cars.
Corrigan Lake (Thunder Bay District)
Corrigan Lake is a lake in the municipality of Greenstone, Thunder Bay District in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin, lies in the geographic townships of Sandra and Irwin, and is the source of Corrigan Creek.

The main inflow is an unnamed creek at the east. The major outflow, at the west, is Corrigan Creek, which flows via the Namewaminikan River, Lake Nipigon and the Nipigon River to Lake Superior.

Great Lakes Basin
The Great Lakes Basin consists of the Great Lakes and the surrounding lands of the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada, whose direct surface runoff and watersheds form a large drainage basin that feeds into the lakes. It is generally considered to also include a small area around and beyond Wolfe Island, Ontario, at the east end of Lake Ontario, which does not directly drain into the Great Lakes, but into the Saint Lawrence River.

The Basin is at the center of the Great Lakes region.
Marmyzhi, Kurchatovsky District, Kursk Oblast
Marmyzhi (Russian: Мармыжи) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Kosteltsevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kurchatovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  115 (2010 Census); 171 (2002 Census);

Kurchatovsky District, Kursk Oblast
Kurchatovsky District (Russian: Курча́товский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 678 square kilometers (262 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kurchatov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 17,497 (2021 Census); 18,021 (2010 Census);  19,714 (2002 Census); 25,224 (1989 Soviet census).
Timothy Cheruiyot
Timothy Cheruiyot (born 20 November 1995) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner specialising in the 1500 metres. He is the 2020 Tokyo Olympic silver medallist in the event and the 11th fastest athlete all time over the distance. At the World Athletics Championships, Cheruiyot won the silver medal in 2017 in London, and a gold in 2019 in Doha.

He took the silver medal in his specialty event at the 2018 and 2022 Commonwealth Games, and is also a two-time African Championship silver medallist from 2016 and 2018. Cheruiyot won the 1500 m Diamond League title on four occasions: in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2021.

Athletics at the 2022 Commonwealth Games
Athletics was one of the core sports that was held at the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England. As a founding sport, athletics had appeared consistently since its introduction at the 1911 Inter-Empire Games, the recognized precursor to the Commonwealth Games.

The competition was split in two parts:the four marathon events (including the wheelchair marathon) were scheduled to the day 30 July and the other 54 events were held between 2 and 7 August 2022, spread across 58 events (including 10 para athletics events).
Bayesian multivariate linear regression
In statistics, Bayesian multivariate linear regression is a
Bayesian approach to multivariate linear regression, i.e. linear regression where the predicted outcome is a vector of correlated random variables rather than a single scalar random variable. A more general treatment of this approach can be found in the article MMSE estimator.

Vectorization (mathematics)
In mathematics, especially in linear algebra and matrix theory, the vectorization of a matrix is a linear transformation which converts the matrix into a vector. Specifically, the vectorization of a m × n matrix A, denoted vec(A), is the mn × 1 column vector obtained by stacking the columns of the matrix A on top of one another:

Here,  represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of A, and the superscript  denotes the transpose. In other words, vec(A) is a vector containing the entries of A in column-major order.

Vectorization expresses, through coordinates, the isomorphism  between these (i.e., of matrices and vectors) as vector spaces.

For example, for the 2×2 matrix , the vectorization is .

The connection between the vectorization of A and the vectorization of its transpose is given by the commutation matrix.
July–September 2016 UK Independence Party leadership election
The September 2016 UK Independence Party leadership election was triggered after Nigel Farage, the leader of the UK Independence Party, announced on 4 July 2016, following the Leave result in the UK referendum on EU membership, that he would step down when a new leader had been elected.

As more than one candidate ran for the party leadership, it was the first contested UKIP leadership election since 2010; Farage won the 2014 leadership election unopposed. Diane James won with 8,451 votes. However, just 18 days later, she stepped down as leader and Farage was reinstated as interim leader. A second leadership election was held in November, which was won by Paul Nuttall.

North West England (European Parliament constituency)
North West England was a constituency of the European Parliament. From the 2009 elections it elected 8 MEPs using the D'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation, until the UK exit from the European Union on 31 January 2020.
Diplomacy (1916 film)
Diplomacy is a 1916 American silent drama film produced by the Famous Players Film Company and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It is based on the 1878 stage play Diplomacy, adapted from the French play Dora (1877) by Victorien Sardou, which had enjoyed revivals and road shows for decades. This film stars Doro reprising her 1914 Broadway revival role. The film is now lost with just a fragment, 1 reel, remaining at the Library of Congress.

The story was filmed again in 1926 as Diplomacy by Paramount with Blanche Sweet starring and her then husband Marshall Neilan directing.

Marshall Neilan
Marshall Ambrose "Mickey" Neilan (April 11, 1891 – October 27, 1958; also credited Marshall Neilon) was an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter, whose work in films began in the early silent era.
Social Science One
Social Science One is an academic organization based at Harvard University, co-chaired by Gary King and Ken Benoit. The organization was founded by Facebook in 2018 to study models of collaboration between industry and academia. A pilot collaboration with Facebook launched in April 2018 to study the relationship between social media and elections. In 2021, Social Science One established a consortium of social science research institutes to study and reduce barriers to industry-academic partnership.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Ülker G.S.K.
Ülker Gençlik ve Spor Kulübü, commonly known as Ülker or Ülkerspor, was a Turkish professional basketball club that was based in Istanbul, Turkey. The club competed in the Turkish Basketball League. They played their home games at the Abdi İpekçi Arena.

Abdi İpekçi Arena
Abdi İpekçi Arena, formerly known as Abdi İpekçi Sports Complex, was a multi-purpose indoor arena located in the Zeytinburnu district of Istanbul, Turkey, situated just outside the ancient city walls, in Yedikule.
The Ultimate Fling
The Ultimate Fling is the first single from the album Revolution Roulette by the Finnish rock band Poets of the Fall. It was released in Finland on 6 February 2008. The single features three versions of the title track as well as a live recording of "Fire", the opening track from the band's second album Carnival of Rust. The live version was recorded during the Poets' performance at the Ankkarock Festival 2007 on 5 August 2007. The single peaked at number two in the official Finnish charts.

Carnival of Rust
Carnival of Rust is the second album by the Finnish rock band Poets of the Fall. It was released on 12 April 2006 in Finland, 12 September 2006 in Sweden, October 2006 in Australia, Russia and Ukraine, then on 20 April 2007 in Germany. The album went straight to the top of the Finnish Top 40 album chart and stayed inside the Top 40 for 26 weeks.

The album went straight to the top on Finnish radio channel YleX due to fan votes and was recognized as "Album of the Week" after remaining number one for three weeks straight. It was certified gold in Finland three weeks after being released and has sold platinum. On 17 December 2006 it was announced that the album is featured in Helsingin Sanomat's "Best albums of 2006" article.