hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernest Sandford
Christianity portal

Ernest Grey Sandford (16 August 1839 – 8 March 1910) was an English first-class cricketer active in 1859 to 1861 who played for Oxford University in five matches. He was born in Dunchurch and died in Exmouth. He became a Church of England priest, most notably Archdeacon of Exeter from 1888 until his death.

Sandford was educated at Rugby and Christ Church, Oxford. He held incumbencies at Landkey and Cornwood.

Dunchurch
Dunchurch is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Rugby, approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south-west of central Rugby in Warwickshire, England. The civil parish, which also includes the nearby hamlet of Toft, had a population of 4,123 at the 2021 Census, a significant increase from 2,938 at the 2011 Census.
Ministry of Defence and Security (Botswana)
The Ministry of Defence and Security of Botswana aims to provide safety, protection and promote human rights and rule of law via the implementation of pertinent policies and programming in order to achieve peace and tranquility. The ministry oversees the following departments:

Botswana Defence Force

Botswana Prison Service

Attorney General's Chambers

Botswana Police Service

Botswana Defence Force
The Botswana Defence Force (BDF, Tswana: Sesole Sa Botswana) is the military of Botswana. The main component of the BDF is the Botswana Ground Force; there is also an Air Arm Command (Botswana) and a riverine patrol contingent attached to the ground forces, with 10 Panther airboats and 2 Boston Whaler Raider class.
Andrzej Świstak
Andrzej Świstak (born 2 June 1963) is a Polish former ice hockey player and coach. He played for Podhale Nowy Targ, Les Orques d'Anglet, Rapaces de Gap, Girondins de Bordeaux, Flammes Bleues de Reims, Aquitains de Bordeaux, Dogues de Bordeaux, Bélougas de Toulouse, Lions de Lyon, and HC Havre during his career. Świstak also played for the Polish national team at the 1992 Winter Olympics and 1992 World Championship. At the 1983 World Junior Pool B Championship in Anglet, France, Świstak defected and remained in France. After his playing career he turned to coaching.

Anglet Hormadi Élite
Anglet Hormadi Pays Basque is an ice hockey team in Anglet, France. They play in the Ligue Magnus, the highest level of ice hockey in France.

The club was runner-up (Ligue Magnus) in 2001.

Due to Anglet's location in the French Basque Country, they also participated in the Superliga Espanola de Hockey Hielo, the top level Spanish league in 2007–08 and 2008–09.
Stuart Perry and William Swezey Houses
Stuart Perry and William Swezey Houses, are two historic homes located at Newport in Herkimer County, New York.  They were built in the late 1840s to plans by Alexander Jackson Davis.  They are largely identical Italian Villa style, asymmetrical plan, masonry dwellings.  They consist of a hipped roof block, centrally placed tower, and gable ended block.: 3–4

The Perry house has also been known, at various times in its history, as Riverview and The Three Islands.  The Swezey house has been known as the Green Tea Cup Inn and Villa Newlife. The two houses were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Herkimer County, New York
Herkimer County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 60,139. Its county seat is Herkimer. The county was created in 1791 north of the Mohawk River out of part of Montgomery County. It is named after General Nicholas Herkimer, who died from battle wounds in 1777 after taking part in the Battle of Oriskany during the Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.

Herkimer County is part of the Utica–Rome Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Mikhail Kozhukhov
Mikhail Yuryevich Kozhukhov (Russian: Михаил Юрьевич Кожухов; born 16 December 1956, Moscow) is a Russian journalist and television presenter. Kozhukhov was a host of  In Search of Adventures  television program, for which he received the TEFI award in 2004; he was also awarded the Order of the Red Star.

Kozhukhov graduated from Moscow State Linguistic University in 1979. In 1985–1989 he worked as a staff reporter of Komsomolskaya Pravda in Afghanistan and lately authored the book Alien Stars Over Kabul. In 1989–1994 Kozhukhov worked for the newspaper Izvestia. In 1996 he started to work in the TV company VID. Kozhukhov was an author and host of the program Sdelay shag (Make a Step) on Russian channel TVS in particular.

In 1999–2000 Kozhukhov has been a press secretary of Vladimir Putin.

Press secretary
A press secretary or press officer is a senior advisor who provides advice on how to deal with the news media and, using news management techniques, helps their employer to maintain a positive public image and avoid negative media coverage.
Klien-Lindner axle
The Klien-Lindner axle (German: Klien-Lindner-Hohlachse) is a special type of hollow driving axle on steam locomotives that enable better curve running due to its ability to slide transversely. It was developed by the German engineers, Ewald Klien and Heinrich Lindner, of the Royal Saxon State Railways (Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen).

Royal Saxon State Railways
The Royal Saxon State Railways (German: Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen) were the state-owned railways operating in the Kingdom of Saxony from 1869 to 1918. From 1918 until their merger into the Deutsche Reichsbahn the title 'Royal' was dropped and they were just called the Saxon State Railways (Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen).
Trefoil Island
Trefoil Island  (in palawa kani : Titima), officially known as titima / Trefoil Island, is an island with an area of 115.79 ha, in south-eastern Australia. It is part of Tasmania’s Trefoil Island Group, lying close to Cape Grim, Tasmania's most north-westerly point, in Bass Strait. It is owned by the Trefoil Island Aboriginal Cooperative and is home to an estimated 1.5 million breeding pairs of short-tailed shearwaters, which are subject to annual muttonbirding activities. Approval is required to visit.

There is an airstrip, otherwise small boats can be used on calm days at Kelp Beach.  The shoreline is covered with pebbly rocks.

Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterway between the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea, and is also the only maritime route into the economically prominent Port Phillip Bay.

Formed 8,000 years ago by rising sea levels at the end of the last glacial period, the strait was named after English explorer and physician George Bass (1771–1803) by European colonists.
Peridexion tree
The peridexion tree (from Greek δένδρον περιδέξιον, déndron peridéxion) or perindens is a mythological tree discussed in the Physiologus, an early Greek-language Christian didactic text and compendium, and popular in medieval bestiaries. It is described as growing in India, attracting doves and deterring serpents, making for a fable about Christian salvation.

Fable
Fable is a literary genre defined as a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, legendary creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that are anthropomorphised, and that illustrates or leads to a particular moral lesson, which may at the end be added explicitly as a concise maxim or saying.

A fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech or other powers of humankind. Conversely, an animal tale specifically includes talking animals as characters.

Usage has not always been so clearly distinguished. In the King James Version of the New Testament, "μῦθος" ("mythos") was rendered by the translators as "fable" in the First Epistle to Timothy, the Second Epistle to Timothy, the Epistle to Titus and the First Epistle of Peter.
Farm to Market Road 1417
Farm to Market Road 1417 (FM 1417) is an FM highway that exists in two disconnected sections. The highway serves as a quasi beltway for the Sherman-Denison metropolitan area. The entire route is internally designated by TxDOT as Urban Road 1417 (UR 1417).

Sherman–Denison metropolitan area
The Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of one county—Grayson—in North Texas, anchored by the cities of Sherman and Denison. According to the 2010 U.S. census, the MSA had a population of 120,877; according to 2021 estimates, it had a population of 139,336. The Sherman–Denison MSA is a component of the  Dallas-Ft. Worth combined statistical area, which covers a 19-county area and had an estimated population of 8,057,796 as of July 1, 2009. It is also a major part of the Texoma region with proximity to both Lake Texoma and the Red River.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 11th Hampden district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 11th Hampden district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Springfield in Hampden County. Democrat Bud Williams of Springfield has represented the district since 2017. Candidates running for this district seat in the 2020 Massachusetts general election include Republican Prince Golphin Jr.

The current district geographic boundary overlaps with those of the Massachusetts Senate's 1st Hampden and Hampshire district and Hampden district.

2020 Massachusetts elections
The 2020 Massachusetts general election was held on November 3, 2020, throughout Massachusetts. Primary elections were held on September 1, 2020.

At the federal level, all nine seats in the United States House of Representatives were up for election. Also contested was the United States Senate seat held by Ed Markey.

At the state level, all seats in the Massachusetts General Court (state legislature) were up for election.

To vote by mail, registered Massachusetts voters had to request a ballot by October 30, 2020. As of early October, some 504,043 voters had requested mail ballots.
'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi
'Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi (Persian: علی بن عباس مجوسی; died between 982 and 994), also known as Masoudi, or Latinized as Haly Abbas, was a Persian physician and psychologist from the Islamic Golden Age, most famous for the Kitab al-Maliki or Complete Book of the Medical Art, his textbook on medicine and psychology.

Psychology in the medieval Islamic world
Islamic psychology or ʿilm al-nafs (Arabic: علم النفس), the science of the nafs ("self" or "psyche"), is the medical and philosophical study of the psyche from an Islamic perspective and addresses topics in psychology, neuroscience, philosophy of mind, and psychiatry as well as psychosomatic medicine. In Islam, mental health and mental illness were viewed with a holistic approach. This approach emphasized the mutual connection between maintaining adequate mental wellbeing and good physical health in an individual. People who practice Islam thought it was necessary to maintain positive mental health in order to partake in prayer and other religious obligations.

Concepts from Islamic thought have been reexamined by Muslim psychologists and scholars in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Sunburst flag
The sunburst flag (Irish: An Gal Gréine) is an Irish flag associated with early Irish nationalism, Irish culture and language groups, and more recently, youth wings of Irish republican groups such as Na Fianna Éireann. The flag is first thought to have been used in 1858 by the Irish Republican Brotherhood. The sunburst flag is still used today, by both republican groups, and various Irish language and Gaelic revival organisations most notably Conradh na Gaeilge.

Fianna Éireann
Na Fianna Éireann (The Fianna of Ireland), known as the Fianna ("Soldiers of Ireland"), is an Irish nationalist youth organisation founded by Constance Markievicz in 1909, with later help from Bulmer Hobson. Fianna members were involved in setting up the Irish Volunteers, and had their own circle of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). They took part in the 1914 Howth gun-running and (as Volunteer members) in the 1916 Easter Rising. They were active in the War of Independence and many took the anti-Treaty side in the Civil War.

The Fianna were declared an illegal organisation by the government of the Irish Free State in 1931. This was reversed when Fianna Fáil came to power in 1932, but re-introduced in 1938. During the splits in the Republican movement of the later part of the 20th century, the Fianna and Cumann na mBan supported Provisional Sinn Féin in 1969 and Republican Sinn Féin in 1986. The Fianna have been a proscribed organisation in Northern Ireland since 1920.
Luigi Bossi Visconti
Luigi Bossi Visconti (25 February 1758, in Milan – 10 April 1835, in Milan) was an Italian archivist, librarian, writer, translator, and politician. He is best remembered for his translation of William Roscoe biography of Pope Leo X, and for serving as a deputy in the Cisalpine Republic, an ambassador in the Ligurian Republic, and a count in the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. He was invested with the Order of the Iron Crown of Austria.

Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia; French: Royaume d'Italie) was a kingdom in Northern Italy (formerly the Italian Republic) that was a client state of Napoleon's French Empire. It was fully influenced by revolutionary France and ended with Napoleon's defeat and fall. Its government was assumed by Napoleon as King of Italy and the viceroyalty delegated to his stepson Eugène de Beauharnais. It covered some of Piedmont and the modern regions of Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Trentino, South Tyrol, and Marche. Napoleon I also ruled the rest of northern and central Italy in the form of Nice, Aosta, Piedmont, Liguria, Tuscany, Umbria, and Lazio, but directly as part of the French Empire (as departments), rather than as part of a vassal state.

At its peak, the kingdom covered 84,000 square kilometers and had a population of 6.5 million.
John Fergusson (politician)
John Fergusson (May 6, 1815 – March, 1891) was a Scottish-born political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Cape Breton County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1867 to 1874 as a Liberal member.

He was born in Baleshare on North Uist in the Hebrides, the son of Donald Fergusson, and was educated there and at Glasgow. In 1848, he married Eliza Thompson. Fergusson was a captain in the militia, a school commissioner and a member of the Board of Health. He served as a minister without portfolio in the province's Executive Council from 1867 to 1874. Fergusson was named sheriff for Cape Breton County in 1875. He died in Sydney at the age of 75.

Minister without portfolio
A minister without portfolio is a government minister without specific responsibility as head of a government department. The sinecure is particularly common in countries ruled by coalition governments and a cabinet with decision-making authority wherein ministers without portfolio, while they may not head any particular offices or ministries, may still receive a ministerial salary and have the right to cast a vote in cabinet decisions. The office may also exist to be given to party leaders whose offices (such as a parliamentary leader) would not otherwise enable them to sit in Cabinet.
Turkey in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005
Turkey was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 with the song "Rimi Rimi Ley", composed by Erdinç Tunç, with lyrics by Göksan Arman, and performed by Gülseren. The Turkish participating broadcaster, Türkiye Radyo ve Televizyon Kurumu (TRT), selected its entry through the national final 27. Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması Türkiye Finali. Seven artists and song competed in a televised show on 11 February 2005 where the winner, "Rimi Rimi Ley" performed by Gülseren, was selected by a 17-member jury panel.

As one of the nine highest placed finishers in the 2004 contest, Turkey automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest 2005. Performing during the show in position 6, the nation placed thirteenth out of the 24 participating countries in the final, scoring 92 points.

TRT 1
TRT 1 (Turkish: TRT Bir) is the first Turkish free-to-air national television channel, owned by state broadcaster TRT. It was officially launched on 31 January 1968 as a test broadcast, becoming regular by the early 1970s. It was the only channel Turkey until 15 September 1986, when TRT launched TRT 2 under the name TV2. It is also available in Azerbaijan on terrestrial television.

On 19 May 2012, it started broadcasting on 16:9 aspect ratio and launched its own HD simulcast feed.

TRT 1 is TRT's general TV channel, available free-to-air through Turksat satellite, on subscription operators Digitürk, D-Smart, Türksat Cable TV, Tivibu or in neighbor countries via foreign cable platforms.
Bangor & District League
The Bangor & District League was a football league covering the Bangor and surrounding areas in North Wales, which ran between 1930 and 1937, and 1945 and 1950. The league was a direct precursor to the Caernarfon & District League that ran between 1950 and 2014.

Bangor, Gwynedd
Bangor (/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/, /-ɡər/; Welsh: [ˈbaŋɡɔr] ⓘ) is a cathedral city and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Historically part of Caernarfonshire, the community had a population of 15,060 at the 2021 census, and the built up area had a population of 16,990. Landmarks include Bangor Cathedral, Bangor University and Garth Pier. The Britannia and Menai Suspension bridges connect the city to the Isle of Anglesey.
How to Make an American Quilt (novel)
How to Make an American Quilt (1991) is the debut novel of Whitney Otto. The novel tells the intersecting stories of several generations of women who together are part of the same quilting circle in the fictional town of Grasse, California. The novel was made into a movie of the same name in 1995 directed by Jocelyn Moorhouse and starring Winona Ryder as Finn Dodd.

Jocelyn Moorhouse
Jocelyn Denise Moorhouse (born 1960 or 1961) is an Australian screenwriter and film director. She is best known for directing films Proof, How to Make an American Quilt, A Thousand Acres and The Dressmaker.

Moorhouse has also collaborated with her husband, film director P. J. Hogan on films such as Muriel's Wedding (1994) and Mental (2012).
Güvercin, Batman
Güvercin (Kurdish: Emso; Syriac: ʿAmsū)  is a village in the Batman District of Batman Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Receban tribe and had a population of 245 in 2021. It is located on the southern slopes of the Ashita-Dagh.

Batman Province
Batman Province (Turkish: Batman ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Êlihê, transl. "Province of Êlih"; Armenian: Բատմանի զավառ, transl. "Province of Batman") is a province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. It was created in May 1990 with Law No. 3647, incorporating districts from the eastern Siirt Province and the southern Mardin Province. The province has an area of 4,477 km2 (1,729 sq mi) and a population of 634,491 (2022). Its current governor is Ekrem Canalp.

The province is considered part of Turkish Kurdistan and has a Kurdish majority. It is an important center for Turkey's oil industry, which has driven rapid urbanization since the mid-20th century.
Thomas B. Hagen
Thomas Bailey Hagen (born 1935/1936) is an American billionaire businessman, the Chairman and former CEO of Erie Insurance Group, and the son-in-law of the company's founder.  In 2023, his estimated net worth was $4.2 billion.

Erie Insurance Group
Erie Insurance Group, based in Erie, Pennsylvania, is a property and casualty insurance company offering auto, home, business and life insurance through a network of independent insurance agents. As of 2021, Erie Insurance Group is ranked 347th on the 2021 Fortune 500 list of largest American corporations, based on total revenue for the 2020 fiscal year.

Rated A+ (Superior) by A.M. Best, Erie has more than 6 million policies in force and operates in 12 states and the District of Columbia, including Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. It also owns the naming rights to the Erie Insurance Arena in downtown Erie, Pennsylvania.
Strawberry Line (Miniature Railway)
The Strawberry Line is a 0.75-mile (1.21 km) length of 7+1⁄2 in (190.5 mm) gauge railway inside Avon Valley Country Park (near Keynsham). It was Britain's only commercial ground-level 5 in (127 mm) railway until it became a 7.5inch gauge in 2020; it is now dual-gauge so the 5 in remains. As a conventional ridable miniature railway it provides train rides for visitors to the park now included in the price of admission since it was taken over by the park in 2018. It now runs mainly one train, a large electric mock steam train, although it also owns a small electric one, a traditional steam train, and a larger petrol train. Since the refurbishment, it has been operated by a team of park rangers.

Avon Valley Country Park
Avon Valley Country Park is a 50-acre (20 ha) country park in Keynsham, Somerset, England.

The park offers a variety of rides for children including Chair-o-planes, a small children's chair swing, Dino Jeeps (a dirt track with dinosaur animatronics where children drive miniature electric jeeps), the Big Red, an outdoors drop slide, the Strawberry Line Miniature Railway, and the Play Barn (a big indoor softplay area with a drop slide which is taller than the outside one). There are also animals in Pets' Corner and the Animal Barn.

The site was common grazing land in the 15th century and later became a farm. In 1976, it was purchased as a "pick-your-own" fruit farm and subsequently developed into the country park.
1968 Australian Championships – Men's singles
First-seeded Bill Bowrey won in the final 7–5, 2–6, 9–7, 6–4 against Juan Gisbert Sr. to win the men's singles tennis title at the 1968 Australian Championships. Roy Emerson was the defending champion but did not compete that year.

Juan Gisbert Sr.
Juan Gisbert Sr. (born 5 April 1942) is a retired Spanish professional tennis. He was ranked world No. 14 in 1967. He was active from 1956 to 1976 and won 14 career singles titles.

He won one ATP singles title (plus several others) and reached the finals at the Australian Championships in 1968 and Cincinnati in 1971.

In June 1965 he won the Conde de Godo Championships (currently Barcelona Open) in Barcelona on clay at the Réal Tennis Club defeating Manuel Santana, Rafael Osuna, and Martin Mulligan in best-of -five set matches.

Gisbert won the 1971 ATP Bavarian International Tennis Championships at Munich on clay defeating Mulligan, Christian Kuhnke, and Péter Szőke in the final.
Emmanuelle 4
Emmanuelle 4  is 1984 English-language French film directed by Francis Leroi and Iris Letans. It is a sequel to 1977's Goodbye Emmanuelle, and the fourth installment in the film series of the same name. It is also the first film in the series to be filmed in English instead of French.

The film is also the last film credit for 1962 Academy Award and Golden Globe nominee Michel Magne, as the film-score composer committed suicide in a hotel room ten months after its release. It was followed by a sequel, Emmanuelle 5, released in 1984.

Patrick Bauchau
Patrick Nicolas Jean Sixte Ghislain Bauchau (born 6 December 1938) is a Belgian actor best known for his roles in the films A View to a Kill, The Rapture and Panic Room. On television, he was a main cast member in the NBC series The Pretender and the HBO drama Carnivàle, as well as making notable guest appearances in series such as Columbo and House, M.D..