hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Queen Elizabeth Secondary School
Queen Elizabeth Secondary is a public high school in Surrey, British Columbia part of School District 36 Surrey. The school is named after Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, who first visited Canada in 1939. It was ranked 248 of 516 according to the Fraser Institute Studies in Education Policy in 2007–2008.

Fraser Institute
The Fraser Institute is a conservative Canadian public policy think tank registered as a charity. It is headquartered in Vancouver, with additional offices in Calgary, Toronto, and Montreal. It has links to think tanks worldwide through the Economic Freedom Network and is a member of the free-market Atlas Network.

In 2020, the University of Pennsylvania's Center for Think Tanks' Global Go To Think Tank Index Report ranked Fraser 14th on its "Top Think Tanks Worldwide" listing, and 1st on its list of "Top Think Tanks in Mexico and Canada".
Laryngitis
Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx (voice box). Symptoms often include a hoarse voice to no voice at all and may include fever, cough, pain in the front of the neck, and trouble swallowing. Typically, these last under 2 weeks.

Laryngoscopy
Laryngoscopy (/ˌlærɪŋˈɡɒskəpi/) is endoscopy of the larynx, a part of the throat. It is a medical procedure that is used to obtain a view, for example, of the vocal folds and the glottis. Laryngoscopy may be performed to facilitate tracheal intubation during general anaesthesia or cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for surgical procedures on the larynx or other parts of the upper tracheobronchial tree.
Road to Canossa
The Road to Canossa or Humiliation of Canossa (Italian: L'umiliazione di Canossa), or, sometimes, the Walk to Canossa (German: Gang nach Canossa/Kanossa) was the journey of the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV to Canossa Castle in 1077, and his subsequent ritual submission there to Pope Gregory VII. It took place during the Investiture controversy and involved the Emperor seeking absolution and the revocation of his excommunication by the Pope who had been staying at the castle as the guest of Margravine Matilda of Tuscany.

According to contemporary sources, he was forced to supplicate on his knees, waiting for three days and nights before the castle gate  while a blizzard raged, "one of the most dramatic moments of the Middle Ages". The episode has spurred much debate among medieval chroniclers as well as modern historians, who dispute whether the walk was a humiliating defeat for the emperor or a "brilliant masterstroke".

Supplication
Supplication (also known as petitioning) is a form of prayer, wherein one party humbly or earnestly asks another party to provide something, either for the party who is doing the supplicating (e.g., "Please spare my life.") or on behalf of someone else.
Bill McColl
William Frazer McColl Jr. (April 2, 1930 – December 28, 2023) was an American athlete, surgeon, and politician. He is best remembered as a college football star before becoming a professional with the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL), for whom he played from 1952 to 1959. He played college football for the Stanford Cardinal, earning consensus All-American honors twice and finishing third runner-up in the 1951 Heisman Trophy voting. In 1951, he was the first person to receive the W.J. Voit Memorial Trophy as the outstanding football player on the Pacific Coast.

McColl was also a three-time candidate for United States Congress, running as a Republican in his native state of California.

McColl was inducted into the San Diego Hall of Champions Breitbard Hall of Fame in 1965. He was also inducted into the Stanford University Athletic Hall of Fame and into the  College Football Hall of Fame in 1973.

W. J. Voit Memorial Trophy
The W. J. Voit Memorial Trophy was awarded by the Helms Athletic Foundation from 1951 to 1978 to the outstanding college football player on the Pacific Coast. The recipient was determined based on votes cast by West Coast football writers and later broadcasters as well. Award recipients include College Football Hall of Fame inductees, O. J. Simpson, Mike Garrett, Jim Plunkett, Joe Kapp, Craig Morton, Billy Kilmer, and Anthony Davis.
Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway
The Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway (German: Bergbahn Rheineck–Walzenhausen; RhW) is a 1.9 kilometres (1.18 mi) long rack railway in Switzerland. It links Rheineck station, in the municipality of Rheineck and the canton of St Gallen, with the village and health resort of Walzenhausen, in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden. Passenger service on the line now forms part of the St. Gallen S-Bahn, branded as the S26. The S26 is also part of the Bodensee S-Bahn.

The line is owned and operated by the Appenzell Railways company, which also operates several other railway lines in the two Appenzell cantons.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Antoniotto di Montaldo
Antoniotto di Montaldo (1368 – 25 July 1398) was the Doge of the Republic of Genoa on two occasions between 1392 and 1394.

Born in Ceranesi, the son of Leonardo Montaldo, who had also been doge, Antoniotto di Montaldo was elected doge on 16 June 1392, after his predecessor Antoniotto Adorno had resigned. However, for unknown reasons, Montaldo himself resigned on 15 July 1393 in favor of Pietro Fregoso. This occurred during a period of political chaos in the Genoese Republic, and after just one day, on 16 July, Fregoso resigned, to be replaced by Clemente Promontorio; the latter, however, was deposed after a few hours by Francesco Giustiniano di Garibaldo, who reigned for two weeks, until 30 July.

On that date, Antoniotto di Montaldo, after a struggle with Antoniotto Adorno, recovered the dogal title, which he then kept until 24 May 1394. After losing power, he took refuge in Savona. He died in 1398, perhaps in Genoa, and was buried in the church of San Bartolomeo degli Armeni.

San Bartolomeo degli Armeni
San Bartolomeo degli Armeni is an Armenian Catholic  church in the quarter of Castelletto in Genoa, northern Italy.

The church was founded in 1308 by a group of monks who were fleeing the Turkish invasion of southern Armenia. Of the original edifice, the apse, the dome and the left chapel remain; the right chapel was destroyed in 1883.

The church houses the "Holy Face of Edessa", a line relic with a tempera painting of the face of Jesus, which the Genoese doge Leonardo Montaldo received from the Byzantine emperor, and which he donated to the Basilians. The church houses artworks  by Giovanni Battista Paggi, Orazio de Ferrari, Giulio Benso, Lazzaro Tavarone, Giacomo Boni, Luca Cambiasi, Anton Maria Maragliano and others.
Joseph-Olier Renaud Jr.
Joseph-Olier Renaud, KC (3 October 1908 – 3 March 1991) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Saint-Léonard-de-Port-Maurice, Quebec, the son of Joseph-Olier Renaud Sr., Renaud studied at the Université de Montréal and was admitted to the Quebec Bar in 1932. He was created a King's Counsel in 1946. He practised law in Montreal before becoming a Crown Prosecutor from 1937 to 1939 and a Special Prosecutor of the Sûreté du Québec in 1939. From 1938 to 1946, he was a Judge for the City of Pointe-aux-Trembles. A founding member of the Union Nationale, he was appointed to the Legislative Council of Quebec for Alma in 1946 and served until the abolition of the Council in 1968.

Sûreté du Québec
The Sûreté du Québec (SQ; French: [syʁte dy kebɛk], lit. 'Safety of Quebec') is the provincial police service for the Canadian province of Quebec. There is no official English name, though the agency's name is sometimes translated as Quebec Provincial Police (QPP) and Quebec Police Force (QPF) in English-language sources. The headquarters of the Sûreté du Québec are located on Parthenais Street in Montreal's Sainte-Marie neighbourhood, and the service employs over 5,700 officers. The SQ is one of three provincial police services in Canada, alongside the larger Ontario Provincial Police and smaller Royal Newfoundland Constabulary, and the third-largest police service in Canada (behind the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and the Ontario Provincial Police).
Miss Grand Catalonia
Miss Grand Catalonia (Catalan: Miss Grand Catalunya) is a Spanish regional female beauty pageant founded in 2022, aiming to select representatives of the four Catalan provinces—Barcelona, Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona—for the Miss Grand Spain national competition.

Since the first competition in the Miss Grand Spain pageant, Catalan representatives have not won the main title yet. The highest placement they obtained was the top 9 finalists, won by Ainhoa González Pérez, who represented Tarragona in the 2021 national event.

Province of Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan: [bəɾsəˈlonə] ⓘ; Spanish: [baɾθeˈlona]) is a province in northeastern Spain, in the center of the autonomous community of Catalonia. The province is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida, and Girona, and by the Mediterranean Sea. The area of the province is 7,726.37 km2 (2,983.17 sq mi), and the population is 5,877,672, of which 28.7% is in the city of Barcelona itself, which itself is contained in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is both the 2nd most populous and 2nd most densely populated province in the country.
Edith Henderson
Edith Harrison Henderson (1911–2005) was an American landscape architect who practiced largely in the American South. She wrote a column for the Atlanta Journal Constitution and was the first woman to be elected an officer of the American Society of Landscape Architects.

American Society of Landscape Architects
The American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) is a professional association for landscape architects in the United States. The ASLA's mission is to advance landscape architecture through advocacy, communication, education, and fellowship.
William Prim
William Prim (October 30, 1882 – May 4, 1930), nicknamed "Shinny", was an American Negro league catcher between 1907 and 1909.

A native of Indianapolis, Indiana, Prim made his Negro leagues debut in 1907 with the Indianapolis ABCs. He went on to play for the Leland Giants and Cuban Giants through 1909. Prim died in Indianapolis in 1930 at age 47.

Indianapolis ABCs
The Indianapolis ABCs were a Negro league baseball team that played both as an independent club and as a charter member of the first Negro National League (NNL).  They claimed the western championship of black baseball in 1915 and 1916, and finished second in the 1922 NNL.  Among their best players were Baseball Hall of Fame members Oscar Charleston, Biz Mackey,  and Ben Taylor.
2003 Galway Senior Hurling Championship
The 2003 Galway Senior Hurling Championship was the 106th completed staging of the Galway Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Galway County Board in 1887.

Athenry entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 26 October 2003 at Pearse Stadium in Galway, between Portumna and Loughrea, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Portumna won the match by 2–13 to 2–09 to claim their first ever championship title.

Athenry GAA
St. Mary's, Athenry is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Athenry in County Galway, Ireland. In men's competitions, the club is a dual club competing in both Gaelic football and hurling at various age levels. The club also competes in camogie competitions, and has won several county, province and national titles in the sport.
Jonathan Fisher (priest)
Jonathan Parker Fisher (baptised 28 September 1757  – 31 July 1838) was Archdeacon of Barnstaple during 1805: he was later Sub-Dean of Exeter Cathedral.

He was the son of Rev. John Fisher and Elizabeth Fisher. His elder brother was Rev. John Fisher, Bishop of Salisbury. He was educated at Charterhouse School in Surrey. and University College, Oxford (BA, 1778; MA, 1780; BD, 1802; DD, 1807). He died at the rectory in Farringdon, Devonshire, aged 81.

Charterhouse School
Charterhouse is a private school providing boarding facilities for pupils aged 13–18 in Godalming, Surrey, England. Founded by Thomas Sutton in 1611 on the site of the old Carthusian monastery in Charterhouse Square, Smithfield, London, it educates over 1000 pupils, aged 13 to 18 years. Charterhouse is one of the original nine English public schools reported upon by the Clarendon Commission in 1864 leading to its regulation by the Public Schools Act 1868.

Charterhouse charges full boarders around £48,038.40 (with the exclusion of VAT) per annum (2025/2026), alongside charging day pupils around £37,418.40 (with the exclusion of VAT) per annum (2025/2026) . It educated the British Prime Minister Lord Liverpool and has numerous notable alumni.
Mile Matić
Mile Matić (Serbian Cyrillic: Миле Матић; 14 January 1956 – August 1994) was a Yugoslavian prison guard and spree killer who murdered nine people and wounded three others in Doboj on 26 February 1986. He was found to be mentally disabled and sent to a psychiatric hospital for compulsory treatment, where he committed suicide in 1994 at the age of 38.

Spree killer
A spree killer is someone who commits a criminal act that involves two or more murders in a short time, often in multiple locations. There are differing opinions about what durations of time a killing spree may take place in. The United States Bureau of Justice Statistics has spoken of "almost no time break between murders", but some academics consider that a killing spree may last weeks or months, e.g. the case of Andrew Cunanan, who murdered five people over three months, including fashion designer Gianni Versace.
Expeditie Robinson
Expeditie Robinson is a popular reality television program in the Netherlands and Flanders (Belgium) that debuted in 2000 and based on a format first shown by Swedish television in 1997. The format, most notable under the title Survivor, has since then also been produced in many other countries. The name of the show alludes to Robinson Crusoe, a story featuring people marooned by shipwreck.

The fifteenth season in 2013 was the first season without contestants from Belgium, due to lack of television ratings in Belgium. However, the Flemish host Evi Hanssen would continue to co-host the show with Dutch host Dennis Weening. In 2014 Evi was replaced by Nicolette Kluijver.

Nicolette Kluijver
Nicolette Rianne Staudt-Kluijver (born 29 September 1984) is a Dutch television presenter and former model. As of 2014 she works for RTL 5 (presenting the nude dating show, Adam Zkt. Eva), after spending many years at BNN.

When she was 17, she was discovered by a modelling agency and she worked for Diesel (brand), Tommy Hilfiger and G-Star After three years, she auditioned for 6pack, a Dutch television program, which she hosted two years.

In 2006, she joined the Dutch broadcasting company BNN, co-presenting the program Spuiten en Slikken in which Dutch celebrities are interviewed about drug use and sexual practices. She is one of the eight presenters of Try Before You Die.
Jean-Claude Chauray
Jean-Claude Chauray  also known as J.C. Chauray (14 April 1934 - 14 July 1996), was a 20th-century French painter best known for still lifes. He grew up in Mauzé-sur-le Mignon, south-west of France.

He made several still lifes representing fruits (currant, lemon) with faience, pewter, glassware.

His work was exhibited in world's major galleries:  Bernheim-Jeune in Paris, Wally Findlay in New York, as well as Tokyo and Osaka in Japan.

In 1994, the porcelain manufacturer Bernardaud made Limoges porcelain with some of his artwork.

Some of his paintings are exhibited in the museum Museum Bernard d'Agesci in Niort, France.

He died in 1996 and rests in the cemetery of Mauzé-sur-le-Mignon.

Limoges porcelain
Limoges porcelain is hard-paste porcelain produced by factories in and around the city of Limoges, France, beginning in the late 18th century, by any manufacturer. By about 1830, Limoges, which was close to the areas where suitable clay was found, had replaced Paris as the main centre for private porcelain factories, although the state-owned Sèvres porcelain near Paris remained dominant at the very top of the market. Limoges has maintained this position to the present day.
Cavizzana
Cavizzana (Cjaviciana in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 239 and an area of 3.3 square kilometres (1.3 mi2).

Cavizzana borders the following municipalities: Caldes and Cles.

Municipalities of Trentino
This is a list of the 166 municipalities (comuni/gemeinden) of the autonomous province of Trentino in the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy. Some municipalities have a second official language such as German (Cimbrian and Mócheno) and Ladin. Most German names of municipalities however are historical apart from the previously mentioned communities. The Ladin variety of the Fassa Valley is currently the only officially recognized one, in contrast to the varieties of Non and Sole Valley).
2018 Fairfield Challenger – Doubles
Luke Bambridge and David O'Hare were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Sanchai Ratiwatana and Christopher Rungkat won the title after defeating Harri Heliövaara and Henri Laaksonen 6–0, 7–6(11–9) in the final.

Christopher Rungkat
Christopher Benjamin Rungkat (born 14 January 1990) is an Indonesian tennis player. In 2008, he won  the French Open 2008 Boys' Doubles Juniors title with Finnish player Henri Kontinen. He is the youngest ever Indonesian to be the All Indonesian Champion, and by the end of his junior career, he was awarded for Indonesian best promising athlete 2008.

Rungkat also reached the final of the 2008 US Open boys' event with Henri Kontinen. Rungkat is the first Indonesian to reach the US Open boys' final and to win the doubles title at the French Open.

In June 2010, he won the Tarakan Open International Men's Futures tournament, his first international tournament title since his professional debut in 2007. He won his maiden ATP Tour title in men's doubles, partnered with Swedish player André Göransson in February 2020, 13 years after turning professional.
Lucita Soriano
Lucita Soriano (born Lucita Soriano Adriano; July 13, 1940 – July 8, 2015) was a Filipino actress, who appeared in more than 215 movies and television shows. She was runner-up in the Miss Philippine Press Photography (PPP) 1964 beauty pageant.

Maalaala Mo Kaya
Maalaala Mo Kaya (transl. would you remember?, abbreviated as MMK) is a Philippine television drama anthology series broadcast by ABS-CBN and Kapamilya Channel. Hosted by Charo Santos-Concio, its first iteration was aired from May 15, 1991, to December 10, 2022. The show returned for its second iteration on April 24, 2025 as a limited series for iWantTFC (now reverted into iWant) and consists of 13 episodes and on April 26, 2025 on the network's Yes Weekend line up. Its format is a dramatization of real life stories sent in by letter writers. It is the longest running drama anthology series in the Philippines.
Universal background check
A universal background check for guns is a policy that requires a background check for all gun sales or transfers, regardless of where they occur or who is involved. This includes sales at gun shows, private sales between individuals, and sales made online. The idea is to close loopholes in existing laws that currently allow some gun purchases to occur without background checks.

Proposals in the United States, as part of gun control to curb gun violence, would require all gun sales or transfers to be recorded and go through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS), closing what is sometimes called the private sale exemption. Universal background checks are not required by U.S. federal gun law, but at least 22 states and the District of Columbia currently require background checks for certain private sales of firearms.

Loophole
A loophole is an ambiguity or inadequacy in a system, such as a law or security, which can be used to circumvent or otherwise avoid the purpose, implied or explicitly stated, of the system.

Originally, the word meant an arrowslit, a narrow vertical window in a wall through which an archer (or, later, gunman) could shoot. Loopholes were commonly used in U.S. forts built during the 1800s. Located in the sally port, a loophole was considered a last ditch defense, where guards could close off the inner and outer doors trapping enemy soldiers and using small arms fire through the slits.

Legal loopholes are distinct from lacunae, although the two terms are often used interchangeably. In a loophole, a law addressing a certain issue exists, but can be legally circumvented due to a technical defect in the law, such as a situation where the details are under-specified. A lacuna, on the other hand, is a situation in which no law exists in the first place to address that particular issue.
Our Lady of Willesden Church
Our Lady of Willesden Church is a Catholic parish church in Harlesden, Willesden, Borough of Brent, London. It was built from 1929 to 1931, and houses a shrine to Our Lady of Willesden, its statue dating to 1892. The church was built in the Romanesque Revival style and designed by Wilfrid Clarence Mangan. It is located on Acton Lane, on the junction with the Harlesden High Street across from Willesden County Court and All Souls Church. It is a Grade II listed building.

London Borough of Brent
Brent (/brɛnt/ ⓘ) is a borough in west and north-west London, England; it forms part of Outer London. It is known for landmarks such as Wembley Stadium, the Swaminarayan Temple and the Kiln Theatre. It also contains the Welsh Harp reservoir and the Park Royal commercial estate. The local authority is Brent London Borough Council.

Brent's population was estimated to be 339,800 as at 2021. Major districts are Kenton, Kilburn, Willesden, Wembley and Harlesden, with sub-districts Stonebridge, Kingsbury, Kensal Green, Neasden, and Queen's Park. Brent has a mixture of residential, industrial and commercial land. It includes many districts of inner-city character in the east and a more distinct suburban character in the west, part of which formed part of the early 20th century Metroland developments.