hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hippolito Salviani
Hippolito Salviani (1514–1572) was an Italian physician, scholar and naturalist, noted for the Renaissance book Aquatilium animalium historiae, depicting about a hundred Mediterranean fish species, some from Illyria, and a few mollusks. He also wrote works on medicine, such as that dealing with Galen's theory of crises, and a topical play. Salviani taught at the University of Rome until 1568. From 1550 until 1555 he was chief physician to the House of Farnese and three successive popes, Pope Julius III, Pope Marcellus II and Pope Paul IV.

Pope Julius III
Pope Julius III (Latin: Iulius PP. III; Italian: Giulio III; 10 September 1487 – 23 March 1555), born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1550 to his death, in March 1555.

After a career as a distinguished and effective diplomat, Julius was elected to the papacy as a compromise candidate after the death of Paul III. As pope, he made only reluctant and short-lived attempts at reform, mostly devoting himself to a life of personal pleasure. His reputation, and that of the Catholic Church, were greatly harmed by his scandal-ridden relationship with his adopted nephew, Innocenzo Ciocchi Del Monte. He is the most recent pope to take the pontifical name "Julius".
Jonah Lowe
Jonah Lowe (born 9 May 1996) is a New Zealand rugby union player, who currently plays as a wing or centre for Hawke's Bay in New Zealand's domestic National Provincial Championship competition and for the Highlanders in Super Rugby.

Blues (Super Rugby)
The Blues (Māori: Kahurangi; known as the Auckland Blues from 1996 to 1999) are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Auckland, who play in the Super Rugby competition. Like New Zealand's four other Super Rugby teams, the Blues were established by the NZRU in 1996. One of the most successful teams in Super Rugby history, the Blues won the competition in its first two seasons, 1996 and 1997, and again in 2003 and 2024. Additionally, the team were finalists in 1998 and 2022, and semi-finalists in 2007, 2011 and 2023. They won a Trans Tasman competition in 2021.
Shōraiteki ni Shinde kure
Shōraiteki ni Shinde kure (将来的に死んでくれ) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Chihiro Nagato. It was serialized in Kodansha's shōnen manga magazine Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine from October 2016 to October 2019.

Hibiku Yamamura
Hibiku Yamamura (山村 響, Yamamura Hibiku; born February 10, 1988) is a Japanese voice actress and singer. As a solo singer, she used the name hibiku before 2019. She is affiliated with Haikyō.

On July 7, 2021, it was announced Yamamura had tested positive for COVID-19. She recovered on July 14, 2021. On November 3, 2023, she announced her marriage to musician Yuyoyuppe.
Bruce Ellison
Bruce Charles Aurelius Ellison (born 10 December 1969) is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler. He was born in King's Lynn.

Ellison studied at Durham University, where he appeared for the university first team in the 1990 Universities Athletic Union final against Exeter University, which Durham won by 6 wickets. He continued his education at Keble College, Oxford and made a single first-class appearance for Oxford University in 1993, and, while he did not bat in the match, took match figures of 2-40 with the ball.

He later made a single List A appearance for Oxfordshire against Lancashire in the 1996 NatWest Trophy, taking three wickets.

1996 NatWest Trophy
The 1996 NatWest Trophy was the 16th NatWest Trophy.  It was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 25 June and 7 September 1996. The tournament was won by Lancashire County Cricket Club who defeated Essex County Cricket Club by 129 runs in the final at Lord's.
Garin Wolf
Garin Wolf is an American television writer and playwright. Wolf, formerly a member of Writers Guild of America West, left and maintained financial core status during the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike.

Writers Guild of America West
The Writers Guild of America West (WGAW) is a labor union representing film, television, radio, and new media writers. It was formed in 1954 from five organizations representing writers, including the Screen Writers Guild. It has around 17,000 total members as of 2025.

The WGAW and the Writers Guild of America East (WGAE), though independent entities, jointly brand themselves together as the Writers Guild of America (WGA), and cooperate on activities such as launching coordinated strike actions, and administering both the Writers Guild of America Awards and the WGA screenwriting credit system. The WGAE is an affiliate of the International Affiliation of Writers Guilds.
Beidagang Reservoir
Beidagang Reservoir is a large reservoir in southern Tianjin built between 1974 and 1980. It is the only large reservoir on the route of the Yellow River-Tianjin water transfer project. It serves as the water supply reservoir to the downtown of Tianjin and surrounding industrial and agricultural areas. The wetland around the reservoir is registered as a protected wetland of China.

Water transportation
Water transportation is the international movement of water over large distances. Methods of transportation fall into three categories:

Aqueducts, which include pipelines, canals, tunnels and bridges

Container shipment, which includes transport by tank truck, tank car, and tank ship.

Towing, where a tugboat is used to pull an iceberg or a large water bag along behind it.

Due to its weight, the transportation of water is very energy-intensive. Unless it has the assistance of gravity, a canal or long-distance pipeline will need pumping stations at regular intervals. In this regard, the lower friction levels of the canal make it a more economical solution than the pipeline. Water transportation is also very common in rivers and oceans.
Narmandakh Artag
Artagiin Narmandakh (Mongolian: Артагийн Нармандах; born 8 March 1997) is a Mongolian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Mongolian Premier League club Ulaanbaatar City and the Mongolian national team.

Mongolian Premier League
The Mongolian Premier League (Монголын Үндэсний Дээд Лиг) is the top-tier professional football league of Mongolia. It is contested by ten clubs and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the 1st League. The league is controlled by the Mongolian Football Federation.

The inaugural season started in 1955. Seasons start in late April and last until late October or early November because of the low temperatures in the winter, with each championship corresponding to a calendar year. Teams play 18 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 90 matches in the season.
Enchantment (social sciences)
Enchantment is a term widely used to describe something delightful, possibly magical, that causes a feeling of wonder. It has been adapted by a range of scholars across multiple disciplines, especially anthropology and sociology, and then later urban studies, to describe the ways in which people create moments of wonder in the midst of everyday life. British anthropologist Alfred Gell described art as "the technology of enchantment," permitting us to "see the real world in an enchanted form". American sociologist George Ritzer uses the term enchantment in his analysis of consumerism and McDonaldization, making the argument that "enchantment of the consumer is necessary for the spell to work".

George Ritzer
George Ritzer (born October 14, 1940) is an American sociologist, professor, and author who has mainly studied globalization, metatheory, patterns of consumption, and modern/postmodern social theory. His concept of McDonaldization draws upon Max Weber's idea of rationalization through the lens of the fast food industry. He coined the term in a 1983 article for The Journal of American Culture, developing the concept in The McDonaldization of Society (1993), which is among the best selling monographs in the history of American sociology.

Ritzer has written many general sociology books, including Introduction to Sociology (2012) and Essentials to Sociology (2014), and modern/postmodern social theory textbooks. Many of his works have been translated into over 20 languages, with over a dozen translations of The McDonaldization of Society alone.

Ritzer is currently a Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of Maryland, College Park.
To the Hilt (film)
To the Hilt: Story from the Wild East (Macedonian: До балчак - Приказна од дивиот исток, romanized: Do balčak - Prikazna od diviot istok) is a 2014 Macedonian action-adventure Western film directed by Stole Popov. The film takes place in Ottoman-ruled Macedonia. The filming started in May 2012, and scenes were shot in Bitola, Ohrid, Skopje, Demir Hisar, Štip and Prilep. It premiered in Skopje, in October 2014.

It was selected as the Macedonian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated.

Prilep
Prilep (Macedonian: Прилеп [ˈpriːlɛp] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia, after Skopje, Kumanovo, and Bitola. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 63,308, while its broader municipal area has 79,834 inhabitants in total.
Mubarak Ali
Mubarak Ali (Urdu: مُبارَک علی; born 21 April 1941) is a Pakistani historian, activist and scholar. His main theme, in most of his books, has been that some history books written in Pakistan had been 'dictated' by the ruling class (the so-called 'Establishment in Pakistan') and, in his view, those history books represent 'perversion of facts'. A Marxist, Mubarak Ali maintains that history books should be written from the perspective of masses, not of rulers.

University of Sindh
The University of Sindh (Urdu: جامعہ سندھ; Sindhi: سنڌ يونيورسٽي; informally known as Sindh University) is a public research university located in the city of Jamshoro, in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is one of the oldest universities in Pakistan and was certified by ISO in 2015.

Founded in 1947 in Karachi, the university was relocated to Hyderabad in 1951, where it began to function as a full-fledged teaching university. The university is associated with four colleges of law and various other colleges. Sindh University is noted for its research in literature, natural sciences, philosophy, and Sindhology.
2025 French Open – Wheelchair men's doubles
Five-time defending champions Alfie Hewett and Gordon Reid defeated Stéphane Houdet and Tokito Oda in the final, 6–4, 1–6, [10–7] to win the men's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2025 French Open.

Stéphane Houdet
Stéphane Houdet (born 20 November 1970) is a French wheelchair tennis player. Houdet is a former singles and doubles world number one. In 2014, he became the first man in history to complete the calendar-year Grand Slam in men's wheelchair doubles.

He competed in wheelchair tennis at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

In July 2022, Houdet was suspended from competition after missing three anti-doping tests in a 12-month window.
Mao Amin
Mao Amin (Chinese: 毛阿敏; pinyin: Máo Āmǐn; born 1962) is a Chinese singer. Rising to fame in the late 1980s, she is one of China’s earliest and most prominent pop singers after the Mao era, known for her rich, powerful, and dignified voice, which has made her a staple of televised galas.

History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)
The time period in China from the founding of the People's Republic in 1949 until Mao's death in 1976 is commonly known as Maoist China and Red China. The history of the People's Republic of China is often divided distinctly by historians into the Mao era and the post-Mao era. The country's Mao era lasted from the founding of the People's republic on October 1, 1949 to Deng Xiaoping's consolidation of power and policy reversal at the Third plenary session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on December 22, 1978. The Mao era focuses on Mao Zedong's social movements from the early 1950s on, including land reform, the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution. The Great Chinese Famine, one of the worst famines in human history, occurred during this era.
Ganjar Pranowo
Ganjar Pranowo (born 28 October 1968) is an Indonesian politician who served as the governor of Central Java between 2013 and 2023. He is a member of the nationalist Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P). He was a candidate for president in the 2024 Indonesian presidential elections, running alongside former Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia, Mahfud MD, and coming in third place. Previously, he represented Central Java as a national legislator in the People's Representative Council (DPR) for two terms from 2004 until 2009 and 2009 until 2013. He has been described as a left-wing populist.

University of Indonesia
The University of Indonesia (UI; Indonesian: Universitas Indonesia) is a public university in Depok, West Java and Salemba, Jakarta, Indonesia. It is one of the oldest tertiary-level educational institutions in Indonesia (known as the Dutch East Indies when UI was established), and is generally considered one of the most prestigious universities in Indonesia, along with the Gadjah Mada University and Bandung Institute of Technology. In the 2024 QS World Universities Ranking, UI is ranked 1st in Indonesia, 49th in Asia and 237th in the world.
FOS Open Scouting
FOS Open Scouting or FOS is a pluralistic, internationally oriented, coeducational, Flemish Scout and Guide organisation in Belgium  and is a member of the Guidisme et Scoutisme en Belgique/Gidsen- en Scoutsbeweging in België (GSB, Guides and Scouts Movement of Belgium). FOS is a federation of 55 Scout Groups.

Girl Guide and Girl Scout
A Girl Guide  or Girl Scout is a member of a section of some Guiding organisations who is between the ages of 10 and 14. Age limits are different in each organisation. Girl Scouts and Girl Scout organizations already existed in Britain and other Commonwealth countries when Robert Baden-Powell founded The Girl Guides Association in 1910. There are many Girl Scouts organizations, e.g. the British Girl Scouts and Girl Scouts of the USA. The two terms are used synonymously within this article.

Girl Guides are organised into units/troops averaging 15–30 girls under guidance of a team of leaders. Units subdivide into patrols of about six Guides and engage in outdoor and special interest activities. Units may affiliate with national and international organisations. Some units, especially in Europe, have been co-educational since the 1970s, allowing boys and girls to work together as Scouts. There are other programme sections for older and younger girls.
Frisak
Frisak is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Aasmund Frisak (1852–1935), Norwegian naval officer

Nina Frisak (born 1950), Norwegian judge

Henrik Leganger Frisak (1852–1939), Norwegian judge

Aasmund Frisak
Aasmund Frisak (20 March 1852 – 1935) was a Norwegian naval officer and politician for the Conservative Party.

He was born in Grimstad as a son of district physician Hans Frisak and Sophie Augusta Berntsen. He was a first cousin of Henrik Leganger Frisak, and of Kristiane Frisak.

He graduated from the Norwegian Naval Academy in 1872. After running the sailors' school in Fredrikshald from 1878 to 1887 he returned to Horten as teacher at the Norwegian Naval Academy from 1891 to 1897. In 1897 he was hired at the Karljohansvern shipyard. He held the ranks of Captain from 1894 and Commander from 1899. He was also a local bank director. From 1901 to 1904 he served as mayor of Horten municipality, and he was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1903, representing the rural constituency of Jarlsberg og Larviks Amt.

From 1911 he worked in Trondhjem. After his death he was buried at Vestre gravlund in 1935.
(S)-MK-26
(S)-MK-26 is an atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) that was derived from modafinil. It is closely related to two other modafinil analogues, (S,S)-CE-158 and (S)-CE-123.

(S)-MK-26 has markedly improved potency and selectivity as a blocker of the dopamine transporter (DAT) compared to modafinil (IC50Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 49 nM vs. 6,400 nΜ; 130-fold difference).

It has pro-motivational effects in animals and reverses tetrabenazine-induced motivational deficits and depression-like behavior. The drug dose-dependently increases extracellular dopamine levels in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex, does not modify locomotor activity (a measure of psychostimulant-like effect), and slightly enhances spatial memory in animals.

There has been interest in (S)-MK-26 as a potential treatment for depression, psychostimulant use disorder (PSUD), Alzheimer's disease, and aging-related disorders. It was first described by 2022.

Glossary of biology
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms. It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology, Glossary of environmental science and Glossary of scientific naming, or any of the organism-specific glossaries in Category:Glossaries of biology.
Carlos Villa
Carlos Villa (December 11, 1936 – March 23, 2013) was a Filipino-American visual artist, curator and faculty member in the Painting Department at the San Francisco Art Institute. His work often explored the meaning of cultural diversity and sought to expand awareness of multicultural issues in the arts.

Gorman Museum of Native American Art
Gorman Museum of Native American Art is a museum focused on Native American and Indigenous artists, founded in 1973 at University of California, Davis (UC Davis) in Davis, California. It was formerly known as the Carl Nelson Gorman Museum, and the C.N. Gorman Museum.
Viiala
Viiala (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈʋiː.ɑlɑ]) is a former municipality of Finland. On 1 January 2007, it was consolidated with Toijala to form the town of Akaa.

Viiala is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Pirkanmaa region. The municipality had a population of 5,329 (2003) and covered an area of 56.78 km2 of which 5.88 km2 is water. The population density was 104.7 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Pirkanmaa
Pirkanmaa (Finnish: [ˈpirkɑmˌmɑː]; Swedish: Birkaland; Latin: Birkaria), also known as Tampere Region in government documents, is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, South Ostrobothnia, Central Finland, Päijät-Häme, Kanta-Häme and Southwest Finland. Most of the water area in the Kokemäki River watershed is located in the Pirkanmaa region, although Lake Vanajavesi is partly in the Kanta-Häme region. The region got its name from Pirkkala, which in the Middle Ages comprised most of present-day Pirkanmaa. Tampere is the regional center and capital of Pirkanmaa, and at the same time the largest city in the region.

The total population of Pirkanmaa was 529,100 on 30 June 2022, which makes it the second largest among Finland's regions after Uusimaa. The population density is well over twice the Finnish average, and most of its population is largely concentrated in the Tampere metropolitan area.
Chou Bun Eng
Chou Bun Eng (Khmer: ជូ ប៊ុនអេង, born 10 April 1956) is a Cambodian politician. A longtime member of the ruling Cambodian People's Party, she is currently secretary of state of the Ministry of Interior.

Ministry of Interior (Cambodia)
The Ministry of the Interior (Khmer: ក្រសួងមហាផ្ទៃ, UNGEGN: Krâsuŏng Môhaphtey) is the interior ministry of the Kingdom of Cambodia. The ministry has a broad mandate and is responsible for public administration throughout Cambodia's 25 capital city-provinces and 203 district/Khan/Municipality. The Ministry governs the Cambodian National Police and the administration of the law enforcement; including the police academy, police training, judicial police, anti-drug efforts, border police and prison administration.

The Ministry liaises with ASEAN law enforcement offices and with Interpol.

The Minister of Interior since 1992 was Deputy Prime Minister Sar Kheng, who assisted by 6 secretaries of state and 4 under-secretaries of state. He was succeeded by his son Sar Sokha in 2023.
Shirin Shukurov
Shirin Agabala oglu Shukurov (Azerbaijani: Şirin Ağabala oğlu Şükürov; 21 March 1910 – 21 September 1987) was an Azerbaijani Red Army soldier and Hero of the Soviet Union. Shukurov fought in the Caucasus, the Crimea, the capture of Rostov and Voronezh, and the capture of Belarus. In January 1945, Shukurov was a rifleman in the 1133th Rifle Regiment of the 339th Rifle Division, part of the 1st Belorussian Front's 33rd Army. He was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 27 February 1945 for his actions during the Vistula–Oder Offensive, in which he reportedly killed several German soldiers despite being wounded twice. Shukurov was demobilized postwar. He became chairman of the village council and worked at an oil depot.

Battle of the Caucasus
The Battle of the Caucasus was a series of Axis and Soviet operations in the Caucasus as part of the Eastern Front of World War II. On 25 July 1942, German troops captured Rostov-on-Don, opening the Caucasus region of the southern Soviet Union to the Germans and threatening the oil fields beyond at Maykop, Grozny, and ultimately Baku. Two days prior, Adolf Hitler had issued a directive to launch an operation into the Caucasus named Operation Edelweiß. German units would reach their high water mark in the Caucasus in early November 1942, getting as far as the town of Alagir and city of Ordzhonikidze, some 610 km from their starting positions. Axis forces were compelled to withdraw from the area later that winter as Operation Little Saturn threatened to cut them off.
Louis K. Anspacher
Louis Kaufmann Anspacher (March 1, 1878 in Cincinnati, Ohio – May 10, 1947 in Nashville, Tennessee) was an American poet, playwright and script writer.

He was the author of Challenge of the Unknown: Exploring the Psychic World, with an introduction by Waldemar Kaempffert, which was published by Allen and Unwin, in the US in 1947 by Current Books, and in Great Britain in 1952 by Henderson and Spalding.

Anspacher's poem "Ocean Ode" served as the basis of a tone poem, The Ocean, by Henry Kimball Hadley, composed between 1920 and 1921.

Symphonic poem
A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source. The German term Tondichtung (tone poem) appears to have been first used by the composer Carl Loewe in 1828. The Hungarian composer Franz Liszt first applied the term Symphonische Dichtung to his 13 works in this vein, which commenced in 1848.
Lisa Zeno Churgin
Lisa Rachel Zeno Churgin (born January 20, 1955) is an American film editor with more than 25 film credits; she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for the 1999 film The Cider House Rules (directed by Lasse Hallström). Since 2002, Churgin has also served as the president of the Motion Picture Editors Guild. Churgin's editing of House of Sand and Fog (directed by Vadim Perelman-2003) was nominated for the Satellite Award for Best Editing.

Churgin has been elected to membership in the American Cinema Editors.

Vadim Perelman
Vadim Perelman (Ukrainian: Вадим Перельман; born 8 September 1963) is a Ukrainian-Canadian-American film director. Perelman made his feature film directorial debut in 2003 with House of Sand and Fog, following a career as a commercial director.  The film, nominated for three Academy Awards, also marks his first screenplay credit.  Perelman was drawn to the story, having been shaped by his own immigrant experience.