hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cavernous nerve plexus
The cavernous nerve plexus (also called the Walther plexus) is situated below and medial to that part of the internal carotid artery which is placed by the side of the sella turcica in the cavernous sinus, and is formed chiefly by the medial division of the internal carotid nerve.

It communicates with the oculomotor, the trochlear, the ophthalmic and the abducent nerves, and with the ciliary ganglion, and distributes filaments to the wall of the internal carotid artery.

The branch of communication with the oculomotor nerve joins that nerve at its point of division; the branch to the trochlear nerve joins it as it lies on the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus; other filaments are connected with the under surface of the ophthalmic nerve; and a second filament joins the abducent nerve.

Ciliary ganglion
The ciliary ganglion is a parasympathetic ganglion located just behind the eye in the posterior orbit.  It is 1–2 mm in diameter and in humans contains approximately 2,500 neurons. The ganglion contains postganglionic parasympathetic neurons. These neurons supply the pupillary sphincter muscle, which constricts the pupil, and the ciliary muscle which contracts to make the lens more convex. Both of these muscles are involuntary since they are controlled by the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

The ciliary ganglion is one of four parasympathetic ganglia of the head. The others are the submandibular ganglion, pterygopalatine ganglion, and otic ganglion.
Chenango River
The Chenango River is a 90-mile-long (140 km) tributary of the Susquehanna River in central New York in the United States. It drains a dissected plateau area in upstate New York at the northern end of the Susquehanna watershed.

Named after the Oneida word for bull thistle,  in the 19th century the Chenango furnished a critical link in the canal system of the northeastern United States. The Chenango Canal, built from 1836–1837 between Utica and Binghamton, connected the Erie Canal in the north to the Susquehanna River. The canal was rendered obsolete by railroads and was abandoned in 1878.

Flooding is often a concern during the spring and fall.

Dissected plateau
A dissected plateau is a plateau area that has been severely eroded, and the relief is sharp. Such an area may be referred to as mountainous, but dissected plateaus are distinguishable from orogenic mountain belts by the lack of folding, metamorphism, extensive faulting, or magmatic activity accompanying orogeny.
When Smoke Rises
When Smoke Rises is the debut EP by Canadian musician and poet Mustafa. It was released on May 28, 2021, through Mustafa's Regent Park Songs imprint. The album was produced by frequent collaborator and executive producer Frank Dukes with contributions from James Blake, Jamie xx, and Sampha, among others. The songs "Stay Alive", "Air Forces", "Ali", and "The Hearse" were released as singles prior to the album's release. The album is self-described as 'inner city folk music' and is thematically centered on Toronto's Regent Park community.

The album was shortlisted for the 2021 Polaris Music Prize.

2021 Polaris Music Prize
The 2021 edition of the Canadian Polaris Music Prize was presented on September 27, 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, the award was presented in a livestreamed virtual event hosted by Angeline Tetteh-Wayoe of CBC Music.

The longlist was announced on June 16, 2021, with the shortlist following on July 15, 2021.
Michael Friedsam
Col. Michael Friedsam (1860–1931) was an American philanthropist of New York City. Friedsam was the former president of B. Altman and Company and one of the premier art collectors in America at that time.

B. Altman and Company
B. Altman and Company was a luxury department store and chain, founded in 1865 in New York City, New York, by Benjamin Altman.  Its flagship store, the B. Altman and Company Building at Fifth Avenue and 34th Street in Midtown Manhattan, operated from 1906 until the company closed the store at the end of 1989. Branch stores were all shuttered by the end of January 1990.

One of the first American department stores to open out-of-town branches, Altman's eventually opened locations in Pennsylvania (St. Davids in 1965 and Willow Grove in 1983), New Jersey (Short Hills in 1958—replacing an earlier nearby East Orange store—and Ridgewood/Paramus in 1967); and New York state (Manhasset in 1947 and White Plains in 1930). A short-lived location in Cincinnati, Ohio,  opened during the L.J. Hooker ownership period (1987–1989), and two mall locations in Buffalo and Syracuse, New York, were physically completed but never occupied by Altman's during that same time.
Wadi Helo
Wadi Al Helo (Arabic: وادي الحلو, literally 'the sweet Valley') is a village in Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Wadi Al Helo lies on the Sharjah to Kalba Road (E102), about 26 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Kalba.

The settlement is situated in the seasonal watercourse, or wadi, of the same name Wadi Helo.
Many people have died in Wadi Al Helo valley as result of seasonal flooding. The most recent recorded incident was on May 30, 2020, when a one-year-old boy and six-year-old girl both drowned in the Wadi Al Helo tragedy.

Emirate of Sharjah
The Emirate of Sharjah (/ˈʃɑːrdʒə/; Arabic: إِمَارَة ٱلشَّارِقَة Imārat Aš-Šāriqah) is one of the emirates of the United Arab Emirates. It covers 2,900 square kilometres (1,100 sq mi) and has a population of over 1,800,000 (2022). It comprises the capital city of Sharjah, after which it is named, and other minor towns and exclaves such as Kalba, Al Dhaid, Dibba Al-Hisn and Khor Fakkan.

The emirate is an absolute monarchy. It has been ruled by Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi since 1972, except for a seven-day period during an attempted coup d'etat by his brother, Sheikh Abd al-Aziz bin Muhammad Al Qasimi.
Centrolene venezuelensis
Centrolene venezuelensis is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Venezuela and known from the Venezuelan Andes (between Táchira and Mérida states) and from the Serranía del Perijá, Zulia state. In Spanish it is known as ranita de cristal Venezolana or ranita verde de labio blanco.

Centrolene venezuelensis is a common species. Its natural habitats are montane cloud forests. It lives along running water, usually on overhanging vegetation. It is assumed to tolerate heavy habitat modification. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.

Zulia
Zulia State (Spanish: Estado Zulia, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈsulja]; Wayuu: Mma’ipakat Suuria) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Maracaibo. As of the 2011 census, it had a population of 3,704,404, making it the most populous state in the country. Zulia is also notable for being one of the few states in Venezuela where voseo—the use of vos as the second-person singular pronoun—is widespread. The state is coterminous with the eponymous region of Zulia.

Zulia is located in northwestern Venezuela, bordering Lake Maracaibo, the largest body of its kind in Latin America. The lake's basin holds some of the largest oil and gas reserves in the Western Hemisphere.

Zulia is economically significant due to its oil and mineral exploitation, but it is also one of Venezuela's major agricultural regions. The state contributes notably in livestock, bananas, fruits, meat, and milk.
Patrick Wiggins (astronomer)
Patrick Wiggins (born 1949) is an American amateur astronomer, and a discoverer of minor planets as well as supernovae. Wiggins worked as an educator at the Old Hansen Planetarium in Salt Lake City, Utah for 27 years before his retirement in 2002. As of 2021 he works for the University of Utah Department of Physics and Astronomy doing science outreach in the public schools. He is also a sky-diver and holds a pilot's license. As of 2025, he has logged more than 4,500 nights at the Stansbury Park Observatory near Tooele.

Pilot licensing and certification
Pilot licensing or certification refers to permits for operating aircraft. Flight crew licences are issued by the civil aviation authority of each country, which must establish that the holder has met minimum knowledge and experience before issuing licences. The licence, along with the required class or type rating, allows a pilot to fly aircraft registered in the licence issuing state.
Osaka (album)
Osaka is the only album put out by The Kickovers. It was released on April 23, 2002 on the Fenway Recordings record label.

Some promotional copies of Osaka went out with the band's original name, The Brakes. Shortly after, they had to change their name because of a New York City band called The Break.

The album includes one cover, "Hanging on the Telephone", which was originally performed by The Nerves, although a cover of it by Blondie was more popular. "The Good Life" is also the name of a Weezer song, so some fans may have expected it to be a cover, especially since bassist Mikey Welsh was a member of Weezer prior to The Kickovers. Although not a touring members, Dave Aarnoff of The Shods performed bass and Paul Buckley of the bands Orbit and Dear Leader played drums on several tracks of the album.

Fenway Recordings
Fenway Recordings is an artist management company based in Boston, Massachusetts with offices in New York City and Los Angeles, California. The roster includes Mission of Burma, KUNZITE, and Swim Mountain, as well as co-management for MGMT, The Cribs, and Doves.
Fabian Schmutzler
Fabian Schmutzler (born 19 October 2005) is a German professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events. He was the second-youngest player ever to compete in the PDC World Darts Championship. He won two titles on the PDC Development Tour in 2021.

Darts
Darts is a competitive sport in which two or more players bare-handedly throw small sharp-pointed projectiles known as darts at a round target known as a dartboard.

Points can be scored by hitting specific marked areas of the board, though unlike in sports such as archery, these areas are distributed all across the board and do not follow a principle of points increasing toward the board's bullseye. Though a number of similar games using various boards and rules exist, the term "darts" usually now refers to a standardised game involving a specific board design and set of rules.

Darts is both a professional throwing sport and a traditional pub game.  Darts is commonly played in the British Isles, and recreationally loved around the world.
Watchdog journalism
Watchdog journalism is a form of investigative journalism in which journalists, authors or publishers of a news publication fact-check and interview political and public figures to increase accountability in democratic governance systems.

Public figure
A public figure is a person who has achieved fame, prominence or notoriety within a society, whether through achievement, luck, action, or in some cases through no purposeful action of their own.

In the context of defamation actions (libel and slander) as well as invasion of privacy, a public figure cannot succeed in a lawsuit on incorrect harmful statements in the United States unless there is proof that the writer or publisher acted with actual malice by knowing the falsity or by reckless disregard for the truth. The legal burden of proof in defamation actions is thus higher in the case of a public figure than in the case of an ordinary person.

The tort of defamation depends on jurisdiction: for example, the law of defamation in England and Wales differs from Scotland or the State of Florida.
Tamam Al-Akhal
Tamam Al-Akhal (born 1935) (Arabic: تمام الأكحل) is a Palestinian artist and educator living in Jordan. She is one of the first Palestinian woman artists who was formally trained, and is known for her painting work using realism and impressionist styles. Her paintings often reflect imagery and subjects associated with her home in Palestine, such as the Mediterranean Sea, local markets, and traditional architecture. Al-Akhal has expressed that her art communicates a sense of longing for her home, recalling the scenes of Palestine that shaped her life prior to being expelled during the Israeli occupation, the Nakba, of 1948.

Architecture of Palestine
The architecture of Palestine covers a vast historical time frame and a number of different styles and influences over the ages. The urban architecture of the region of Palestine prior to 1850 was relatively sophisticated. While it belonged to greater geographical and cultural context of the Levant and the Arab world, it constituted a distinct tradition, "significantly different from the traditions of Syria, Lebanon or Egypt." Nonetheless Palestinian townhouse shared in the same basic conceptions regarding the arrangement of living space and apartment types commonly seen throughout the Eastern Mediterranean. The rich diversity and underlying unity of the architectural culture of this wider region stretching from the Balkans to North Africa was a function of the exchange fostered by the caravans of the trade routes, and the extension of Ottoman rule over most of this area, beginning in the early 16th century through until the end of World War I.
Sack of Palermo
The sack of Palermo is the popular term for the construction boom from the 1950s through the mid-1980s in Palermo, Italy, that led to the destruction of the city's green belt and historic villas to make way for characterless and shoddily constructed apartment blocks. In the meantime, Palermo's historic centre, severely damaged by Allied bombing raids in 1943, was allowed to decay. The bombing condemned nearly 150,000 people to live in crowded slums, shantytowns, and even caves.

Green belt
A green belt or greenbelt is a policy, and land-use zone designation used in land-use planning to retain areas of largely undeveloped, wild, or agricultural land surrounding or neighboring urban areas. Similar concepts are greenways or green wedges, which have a linear character and may run through an urban area instead of around it. In essence, a green belt is an invisible line designating a border around a certain area, preventing development of the area and allowing wildlife to return and be established.

The more general term in the United States is green space or greenspace, which may be a very small area such as a park.
FIASMA
Functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase, or FIASMA, is a large group of pharmacological compounds inhibiting the enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM, EC 3.1.4.12). This enzyme is mainly located within the lysosome, where it cleaves sphingomyelin to ceramide and sphingosine, the latter of which is then phosphorylated to sphingosine-1-phosphate. These metabolites, and subsequent inhibition of the enzyme, influence the balance between cell death (apoptosis) and cell growth (proliferation). A lack of regulation of this sensitive equilibrium can lead to serious clinical consequences.

The acronym "FIASMA" was introduced by Kornhuber and coworkers; it is derived from the term Functional Inhibitor of Acid SphingoMyelinAse.

Sphingosine
Sphingosine (2-amino-4-trans-octadecene-1,3-diol) is an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid.
John Lemon (prospector)
John Lemon was a prospector in the U.S. state of Alaska.  In 1879, Lemon operated a placer mine with James Hollywood in what was the District of Alaska. Lemon and Hollywood mined for gold in what would later be named Lemon Creek. In the same year, Lemon and Hollywood also worked in Silver Bay. In 1880, Lemon was in the Cassiar Mountains. He traveled to Sitka, Alaska early in the year, where he joined the Edmund Bean party, and in the summer of 1880 helped blaze a trail over Chilkoot Pass to the headwaters of the Yukon River. The area in which Lemon mined has since been incorporated into modern day Juneau, Alaska.

Silver Bay (Alaska)
Silver Bay, or G̱ag̱eitʼ, in the Tlingit language, is a deep water fjord located southeast of Sitka, Alaska, United States, that indents Baranof Island.  It was named through a United States Coast and Geodetic Survey translation of Bukhta Serebryanikova, a name published first by Captain Tebenkov of the Imperial Russian Navy in 1852.
2007 NRL season results
The 2007 NRL season consisted of 25 weekly regular season rounds, starting from 16 March and ending on 2 September, followed by four weeks of play-offs that culminated in a grand final on 30 September.

All times in fixture listings are Australian Eastern Standard Time.

Wests Tigers
The Wests Tigers are an Australian rugby league football team, based in the Inner West of Sydney and South Western Sydney. The Tigers have competed in the National Rugby League (NRL) since being formed at the end of the 1999 NRL season as a joint-venture club between the Balmain Tigers and the Western Suburbs Magpies.

The Wests Tigers started playing in the 2000 NRL season and they won their maiden premiership in 2005. The club also won the final edition of the World Sevens in 2004. The club has only qualified for three finals series since their inception (2005, 2010 and 2011).

The Wests Tigers play home games at two grounds: Leichhardt Oval (the home ground of Balmain) and Campbelltown Stadium (the home ground of Western Suburbs). They are currently coached by Benji Marshall.

The interim CEO is currently Shaun Mielekamp.
Wągniki, Kętrzyn County
Wągniki [vɔnɡˈniki] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Korsze, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Korsze, 23 km (14 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn, and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Kate Annette Wetherill Estate
Kate Annette Wetherill Estate is a national historic district located at Head of the Harbor in Suffolk County, New York.  The district encompasses an estate with three contributing buildings, two contributing sites, and two contributing structures.  The estate house was designed by Stanford White in 1895 in the Colonial Revival style  The main block of the house is two stories with a full attic formed of facade gables corresponding to an octagonal form.  A large 2+1⁄2-story, gable-roofed service wing projects to the east.  Also on the property is a pump house, rose garden, stone entrance piers with iron gate, carriage barn, and superintendent's cottage.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
Sady, Łódź Voivodeship
Sady [ˈsadɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żytno, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Żytno, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Radomsko, and 101 km (63 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Dolores Kelly
Mary Dolores Kelly (born 3 September 1959) is an Irish nationalist former politician who served as deputy leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP)  from 2011 to 2015. She was a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Upper Bann from 2003 to 2016, and again from 2017 until 2022. She was succeeded by Eóin Tennyson in 2022.

Upper Bann (Assembly constituency)
54°27′25″N 6°22′48″W﻿ / ﻿54.457°N 6.380°W﻿ / 54.457; -6.380

Upper Bann is a constituency in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

The seat was first used for a Northern Ireland-only election for the Northern Ireland Forum in 1996. Since 1998, it has elected members to the current Assembly.

For Assembly elections prior to 1996, the constituency was largely part of the Armagh and South Down constituencies with a small section around Aghagallon joining from South Antrim.  Since 1997, it has shared boundaries with the Upper Bann UK Parliament constituency.

For further details of the history and boundaries of the constituency, see Upper Bann (UK Parliament constituency).
Branka Karavidić
Branka Karavidić (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранка Каравидић; born 23 January 1958) is a politician in Serbia. She served in National Assembly of Serbia on an almost continuous basis from 2008 to 2016, initially with the Democratic Party (Demokratska stranka, DS) and later with the Social Democratic Party (Socijaldemokratska stranka, SDS).

Social Democratic Party (Serbia)
The Social Democratic Party (SDS; Serbian: Социјалдемократска странка, romanized: Socijaldemokratska stranka) is a centre-left political party in Serbia.

The party was founded and is headed by Boris Tadić, who was previously president of the Democratic Party and the former President of Serbia. Between June and October 2014, the name of the party was the New Democratic Party (Serbian: Нова демократска странка, romanized: Nova demokratska stranka, NDS). In May 2019, the party formed a union with Democratic Party and Together for Serbia. It supports accession of Serbia to the European Union and it is a member of the Progressive Alliance.
Alphonse Boilly
Alphonse Léopold Boilly (3 Mai 1801 in Paris – 8 December 1867 id., Petit-Montrouge) was a French engraver and lithographer.

Boilly was a son of the artist Louis-Léopold Boilly (1761–1845). He was a student of Alexandre Tardieu and François Forster.

His brothers Édouard Boilly (1799–1854) and Julien-Léopold Boilly (1796–1874) were also active as artists.

Petit-Montrouge
The quartier du Petit-Montrouge (French pronunciation: [kaʁtje dy pəti mɔ̃ʁuʒ]) is number 55 of the 80 quartiers administratifs (administrative districts) in Paris. It lies in the 14th Arrondissement, in the south of the capital. It owes its name to the adjacent commune of Montrouge, of which it formed a part before 1860. It is familiar as the quartier Alésia, from the name of a street that bisects it and from the principal Métro station that serves it, although the quartier Alésia does not exactly overlap the quartier du Petit-Montrouge.