hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qamus al-Rijal (book)
Qamus al-rijal (book) (Arabic/Persian: قاموس الرِجال) is an (Islamic) book regarding "Rijal", in Arabic; which has been written by the Iranian Twelver Shia scholar Mohammad-Taqi Shoushtari in 12 volumes, authoring's start in 1936. Qamus al-rijal was written as a criticism concerning the book Tanghihol-Maghal (written by Abdullah Mamaghani). The writer asserts that: he himself has removed the mistakes/errors which were found in the book of Tanqihol-Maqal.

This book has been published in 1999 by "Markaze Nashre-Ketab, Mo'aseseye Nashre-Eslami" (Book Publishing Center, Islamic Publishing Institute). The author of the book is Mohammad-Taqi Shoushtari who is one of the scholars of Elme-Rejal (Biographical evaluation) of the fourteenth lunar century. Shoushtari intended to name his book"Tashih Tanqih al-Maghal"; but he finally chose his book's name as Qamus-al-Rijal due to his friends/relatives' suggestion.

Biographical evaluation
Biographical evaluation (Arabic: عِلْمُ الرِّجال, romanized: ʿilm ar-rijāl; literally meaning 'Knowledge of Men', but more commonly understood as the Science of Narrators) refers to a discipline of Islamic religious studies within hadith terminology in which the narrators of hadith are evaluated. Its goal is to establish the credibility of the narrators, using both historic and religious knowledge, in order to distinguish authentic and reliable hadiths from unreliable hadiths. ʿIlm ar-rijāl is synonymous with what is commonly referred to as al-jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl (discrediting and accrediting) – the criticism and declared acceptance of hadith narrators.
Chuchow
Chuchow and Chu'chow were postal romanizations of the names of three Chinese cities:

Quzhou, a city in western Zhejiang province

Zhuzhou, a city in Hunan province

Chuzhou, a city in eastern Anhui province

Quzhou
Quzhou is a prefecture-level city in western Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the upper course of the Qiantang River, it borders Hangzhou to the north, Jinhua to the east, Lishui to the southeast, and the provinces of Fujian, Jiangxi and Anhui to the south, southwest and northwest respectively. Its population was 2,276,184 inhabitants as of the 2020 census of whom 902,767 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Qujiang and Kecheng urban Districts.
Chinese actress and singer Zhou Xun was born in Quzhou.
Chlorospleniella
Chlorospleniella is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family.

Helotiales
Helotiales is an order of the class Leotiomycetes within the division Ascomycota. The taxonomy within Helotiales has been debated. It has expanded significantly as genomic techniques for taxonomical identification have become more commonly used. As of February 2020, the order is estimated to contain 30 accepted families, 519 genera, and 6266 species.

Helotiales is the largest order of non-stromatic discomycetes that usually, but not always, have brightly coloured apothecia. Many members of the family have obviously cup-shaped ascomata with little or no stipes. They are usually found fruiting on coarse or large wood debris as well as on other organic matter.
Part of these discomycetes are limited to a specific host range, this goes as far as to not just being limited to one particular plant, additionally 
some species need a particular part of that plant.
Mayfair Mansions Apartments
Mayfair Mansions Apartments are historic structures in the Mayfair neighborhood of the Northeast quadrant of Washington, D.C.  The garden apartments were built between 1942 and 1946 and were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Northeast (Washington, D.C.)
Northeast (NE or N.E.) is the northeastern quadrant of Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. It encompasses the area located north of East Capitol Street and east of North Capitol Street.
GOS (operating system)
gOS or "good OS" was an Ubuntu-based Linux distribution created by Good OS LLC, a Los Angeles-based corporation.  Its CIO David Liu described that after meeting Enlightenment and open source people, he realized that his dream to bring Web 2.0 applications into mainstream use could be achieved by creating a Linux distribution that made it easy for users to access Google and Web 2.0 applications. David Liu went on to create the Chinese Twitter clone called Wozai (我在), leaving gOS officially defunct.

Chief information officer
A chief information officer (CIO), chief digital information officer (CDIO), or information technology (IT) director is a job title commonly given to the most senior executive in an enterprise who works with information technology and computer systems, in order to support enterprise goals.

Normally, the CIO reports directly to the Managing Director. In military organizations, the CIO reports to the commanding officer. The role of chief information officer was first defined in 1981 by  William R. Synnott, former senior vice president of the Bank of Boston, and William H. Gruber, a former professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management. A CIO will sometimes serve as a member of the board of directors.
7. juni-plassen
7. juni-plassen ('The 7 June Square') is a square in Oslo, Norway.

It is located at Ruseløkka in Vika, southwest of Slottsparken and the Royal Palace and west of the National Theatre.

It was originally named Triangelplassen ('The Triangle Square'), but was renamed in 1962 after 7 June 1905, the day when the Union between Sweden and Norway was declared dissolved by the Norwegian government. In the southern end of the square is found the entrance to the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. At the square is the famous statue of King Haakon VII of Norway—who returned to the country on 7 June 1945 from his exile imposed due to the 1940–1945 German occupation of Norway—sculpted by Nils Aas.

The Skøyen Line passes north of the square, and it is within walking distance of Nationaltheatret Station. Directly below it, underground, is Nationaltheatret Railway Station.

VM-paviljongen was placed on this square before and during the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2011.

Politics of Norway
The politics of Norway take place in the framework of a parliamentary, representative democratic constitutional monarchy. Executive power is exercised by the Council of State, the cabinet, led by the Prime Minister of Norway. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the legislature, the Storting, elected within a multi-party system. The judiciary is independent of the executive branch and the legislature.

The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Norway a "full democracy" in 2022.  According to the V-Dem Democracy indices Norway was 2023 the second most electoral democratic country in the world. Reporters Without Borders ranked Norway 1st in the world in the 2024 Press Freedom Index. Freedom House's 2020 Freedom in the World report classified Norway as "free", scoring maximum points in the categories of "political rights" and "civil liberties".
Říčky
Říčky is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Říčky lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Brno and 169 km (105 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Zug Schutzengel railway station
Zug Schutzengel railway station (German: Bahnhof Zug Schutzengel) is a railway station in the municipality of Zug, in the Swiss canton of Zug. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Zug–Lucerne and Zürich–Zug lines of Swiss Federal Railways, although no trains on the latter stop here.

Zug–Lucerne railway
The Zug–Luzern railway is a mainline railway line in Switzerland, connecting the cities of Zug and Lucerne. It was opened on 1 June 1864 by the Zürich–Zug–Lucerne Railway (Zürich-Zug-Luzern-Bahn). The Zürich–Zug railway was opened by the same company at the same time.
Gillman, South Australia
Gillman is a predominantly industrial north-western suburb of Adelaide, in the City of Port Adelaide Enfield.  It is located within the federal Division of Hindmarsh and the state electoral district of Port Adelaide.

Division of Hindmarsh
The Division of Hindmarsh is an Australian Electoral Division in South Australia covering the north western and western coastal suburbs of Adelaide. The division was one of the seven established when the former Division of South Australia was split on 2 October 1903, and was first contested at the 1903 election, though now on slightly different boundaries. The Division is named after Sir John Hindmarsh, who was Governor of South Australia from 1836 to 1838. Since the 2019 Australian federal election The Division of Hindmarsh consists of part of the City of Charles Sturt, part of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield, and part of the City of West Torrens.
Topolany
Topolany is a municipality and village in Vyškov District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Topolany lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) east of Vyškov, 32 km (20 mi) east of Brno, and 210 km (130 mi) south-east of Prague.

South Moravian Region
The South Moravian Region (Czech: Jihomoravský kraj; German: Südmährische Region, pronounced [zyːtˈmɛːʁɪʃə ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Slovak: Juhomoravský kraj), or just South Moravia, is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the south-western part of its historical region of Moravia. The region's capital is Brno, the nation's 2nd largest city. South Moravia is bordered by the South Bohemian Region to the west, Vysočina Region to the north-west, Pardubice Region to the north, Olomouc Region to the north-east, Zlín Region to the east, Trenčín and Trnava Regions, Slovakia to the south-east and Lower Austria, Austria to the south.
Milecastle 0
Milecastle 0 is a possible milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall which may have preexisted the fort of Segedunum at Wallsend, at the eastern end of the Wall. Although its existence has been suggested by historian Peter Hill, no evidence of this milecastle has been found. It is not known whether the decision to establish forts on the line of the wall predated the decision to extend the wall to Wallsend, so it is possible that this milecastle was never built. Alternatively it may have been built and later completely demolished.

Wallsend
Wallsend (/ˌwɔːlzˈɛnd/) is a town in North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England, at the eastern end of Hadrian's Wall. It has a population of 43,842 and lies four miles (6.5 kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Annie Rothwell
Annie Fowler Rothwell Christie (March 31, 1837 – July 2, 1927), born Mary Ann Bessy Fowler and publishing as Annie Rothwell, was a Canadian novelist and poet, active from 1876 to at least 1914. A writer of paeans to colonial forces during the North-West Rebellion and other imperial wars, she was known among contemporary critics mainly as a war poet.

Paean
A paean (/ˈpiːən/ ⓘ) is a song or lyric poem expressing triumph or thanksgiving. In classical antiquity, it is usually performed by a chorus, but some examples seem intended for an individual voice (monody). It comes from the Greek παιάν/paian (also παιήων/paeion or παιών/paion), "song of triumph, any solemn song or chant". "Paeon"
(paian), which originally referred to a distinct deity of healing.
Historical evidence from Linear B tablets (notably the name Pa-ja-wo-ne found at Knossos) suggests that Paean was an independent, pre-Olympian god of healing in the Mycenaean period. In the Homeric epics, Paean remains a separate figure from Apollo, serving as the personal physician to the gods who heals the wounds of Ares and Hades.
Over time, the cult of Apollo absorbed Paean’s identity and healing attributes. By the Archaic period, "Paean" became a major epithet for Apollo (Apollo Paean),
Cabildo of Jujuy
The Cabildo of Jujuy (Spanish: Cabildo de Jujuy) is a cabildo founded on 19 April 1593 at the Argentina province of Jujuy. It was where Manuel Belgrano showed the National Argentine Flag, on 25 May 1812. It collapsed by the 1863 Jujuy earthquake, and started being reconstructed in 1864 and finally finished three years later in 1867. On 14 July 1941, it was declared Monumento Histórico Nacional (National Historic Monument).

Salta
Salta (Spanish: [ˈsalta]) is the capital and largest city in the Argentine province of the same name. With a population of 627,704 according to the 2022 census, it is also the 7th most-populous city in Argentina. The city serves as the cultural and economic center of the Valle de Lerma Metropolitan Area (Spanish: Área Metropolitana del Valle de Lerma, AMVL), which is home to over 50.9% of the population of Salta Province and also includes the municipalities of La Caldera, Vaqueros, Campo Quijano, Rosario de Lerma, Cerrillos, La Merced and San Lorenzo. Salta is the seat of the Capital Department, the most populous department in the province.
Abcandra Muhammad Akbar Supratman
Abcandra Muhammad Akbar Supratman (born 1 October 1998) is an Indonesian politician. Since 2024, he has served as a deputy speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly, representing the Regional Representative Council. He is the son of Supratman Andi Agtas.

Regional Representative Council
The Regional Representative Council (Indonesian: Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, DPD; alternatively translatable as the House of Regions or the House of Regional Representatives or the Senate of Indonesia), is one of two parliamentary chambers in Indonesia. Together with the House of Representatives (DPR), it makes up the Indonesian national legislative body, the Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR). Under Indonesia's constitution, the authority of the DPD is limited to areas related to regional governments and can only propose and give advice on bills to the DPR. Unlike the DPR, the DPD has no direct law-making power. Its members are referred to as senators on the official DPD X page.
Manginapudi
Manginapudi is a village in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located on the coast of Bay of Bengal in Machilipatnam mandal of Machilipatnam revenue division. Manginapudi Beach lies on the coast of the village which is a tourist destination and is maintained by the state tourism department, APTDC.

Machilipatnam revenue division
Machilipatnam revenue division (or Machilipatnam division) is an administrative division in the Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the 3 revenue divisions in the district with 12 mandals under its administration. Machilipatnam serves as the headquarters of the division. The division has 2 municipalities namely, Machilipatnam and Pedana.
Taşkent railway station
Taşkent railway station (Turkish: Taşkent istasyonu) is a railway station in the Mersin Province of Turkey, on the Adana-Mersin railway. Though legally located within the Dikilitaş neighborhood of Mersin, the station is just east of the city. TCDD Taşımacılık operates daily regional train service from Mersin to Adana, İskenderun and İslahiye, with a total of 24 daily trains stopping at Taşkent, in each direction.

Taşkent station has two side platforms serving two tracks.

TCDD Transport
TCDD Transport or Turkish State Railways Transport (Turkish: TCDD Taşımacılık, reporting mark TCDDT) is a government-owned railway company responsible for the operations of most passenger and freight rail in Turkey. The company was formed on 14 June 2016, splitting off from Turkish State Railways (TCDD) to take over railway operations, while TCDD would continue to administer railway infrastructure. TCDD Taşımacılık officially began operations on 1 January 2017.

TCDD Taşımacılık operates trains on a network of over 12,430 km (7,720 mi) within 59 of the 81 provinces in Turkey.
1973 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Defending champion Billie Jean King defeated Chris Evert in the final, 6–0, 7–5 to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1973 Wimbledon Championships. It was her fifth Wimbledon singles title and tenth major singles title overall.

This marked the first Wimbledon appearance of future nine-time champion and world No. 1 Martina Navratilova; she was defeated by Patti Hogan in the third round.

Patti Hogan
Patricia Hogan Fordyce (born December 21, 1949) is a retired American professional tennis player. She competed in the Fed Cup a number of times from 1970 to 1973. With compatriot Peggy Michel, she reached the final of the doubles event at the 1969 Wimbledon Championships.

In 1967, she won the All England Plate, a competition for players who were defeated in the first or second rounds of the Wimbledon singles competition. In July 1973, she won the singles title at the North of England Championships in Hoylake, defeating compatriot Sharon Walsh in the final in three sets.
Albert-Auguste Fauvel
Albert-Auguste Fauvel (7 November 1851, in Cherbourg-en-Cotentin – 3 November 1909, in Cherbourg) was a French naturalist, known for providing the first detailed description of the Chinese alligator.

In 1872 he joined the Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Beijing. Later on, he was based in Yantai, from where he spent several years investigating the natural history of Shandong province. In 1877 he relocated to Shanghai, and in 1882–84 was stationed in Hankou. Afterwards, he served as inspecteur des services of the Messageries Maritimes in Paris.

Hankou
Hankou, alternately romanized as Hankow (simplified Chinese: 汉口; traditional Chinese: 漢口; pinyin: Hànkǒu), was one of the three towns (the other two were Wuchang and Hanyang) merged to become modern-day Wuhan city, the capital of the Hubei province, China. It stands north of the Han and Yangtze Rivers where the Han flows into the Yangtze. Hankou is connected by bridges to its triplet sister towns Hanyang (between Han and Yangtze) and Wuchang (on the southern side of the Yangtze).

Hankou is the main port of Hubei Province and the single largest port in the middle reaches of Yangtze.
Greenville Presbyterian Church (South Carolina)
Greenville Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located near Donalds, Greenwood County, South Carolina. It was built in 1852 and is a meeting house form, Greek Revival style brick church.  Also on the property are a small brick Session House, a large historic cemetery containing about 1,200 identifiable graves, and a natural spring. The earliest graves in the church cemetery date from 1777 and numerous markers indicate service in the American Revolution and American Civil War.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Greenwood County, South Carolina
Greenwood County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 69,351. Its county seat is Greenwood. Among the 22 counties located in the Piedmont of the state, Greenwood County is the largest county within the Greenwood, SC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Michelee Crawford
Michelee "Shelly" Cruz-Crawford (born 1983) is an American politician who is currently serving as a Democratic member of the Nevada Senate, representing the 1st district. Her district represents the North Las Vegas neighborhoods of Aliante and Craig Ranch as well as Nellis Air Force Base.

Crawford graduated from University of Nevada, Las Vegas. She was the first Latino Regent in the Air National Guard. She was a Nevada System of Higher Education Regent.

Aliante, North Las Vegas
Aliante is a master-planned community located in North Las Vegas, Nevada. In 2001, American Nevada Corporation and Del Webb Corporation formed North Valley Enterprises, which purchased 1,900 acres (770 ha) of land in the city and began construction of the community a year later, with the opening held in May 2003. Aliante is located in the city's northwestern area.
USS Carrabasset
Two ships of the United States Navy have borne the name USS Carrabasset, in honor of the Carrabassett River, a stream in Franklin County and Somerset Counties, Maine.

USS Carrabasset (1864), was a side-wheel steamer, which was purchased and commissioned in 1864. Carrabasset was decommissioned and sold in 1865.

USS Carrabasset (AT-35), was a tugboat launched in 1919. She was decommissioned in 1922 and transferred to the Treasury Department, for use by the Coast Guard in 1924.

Franklin County, Maine
Franklin County is a county located in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,456, making it the second-least populous county in Maine. Its county seat is Farmington. The county was established on May 9, 1838, and named for Benjamin Franklin.
Church of Our Lady of the Rosary of Fátima
The Church of Our Lady of the Rosary of Fátima (Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário de Fátima) is a Catholic church located in the parish of Avenidas Novas, formerly the parish of Our Lady of Fátima, in the city of Lisbon, Portugal. Designed by Porfírio Pardal Monteiro and consecrated in 1938, it was the first church to be built in Lisbon after the establishment of the Portuguese Republic in 1910. The building is a major example of Portuguese modern architecture or modernism.

First Portuguese Republic
The First Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: Primeira República Portuguesa; officially: República Portuguesa, Portuguese Republic) spans a complex 16-year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May 1926 coup d'état. The latter movement instituted a military dictatorship known as Ditadura Nacional (national dictatorship) that would be followed by the corporatist Estado Novo (new state) regime of António de Oliveira Salazar.

The sixteen years of the First Republic saw eight presidents and 45 ministries, and were altogether more of a transition between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Estado Novo than they were a coherent period of governance.
Pan-Orthodox Council
The Pan-Orthodox Council, officially referred to as the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church (Ancient Greek: Ἁγία καὶ Μεγάλη Σύνοδος τῆς Ὀρθοδόξου Ἐκκλησίας; also sometimes called the Council of Crete), was a synod of set representative bishops of the universally recognised autocephalous local churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church held in Kolymvari, Crete. The Council sat from 19 to 26 June 2016.

Autocephaly
Autocephaly (/ɔːtəˈsɛfəli/; from Greek  αὐτοκεφαλία (autokephalia) 'self-headed') is the status of a hierarchical Christian church whose head bishop does not report to any higher-ranking bishop. The term is primarily used in Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches. The status has been compared with that of the churches (provinces) within the Anglican Communion.
Esashi District, Iwate
List of Provinces of Japan > Tōsandō > Rikuchū Province > Esashi District

Japan > Tōhoku region > Iwate Prefecture > Esashi District

Esashi (江刺郡, Esashi-gun) was a district located in Iwate Prefecture, Japan.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.