hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carrier grade
In telecommunications, a "carrier grade" or "carrier class" refers to a system, or a hardware or software component that is extremely reliable, well tested and proven in its capabilities.  Carrier grade systems are tested and engineered to meet or exceed "five nines" high availability standards, and provide very fast fault recovery through redundancy (normally less than 50 milliseconds).

"Carrier grade" is not a standard or very clearly defined term but, rather, a set of features and qualities that make the product acceptable by a carrier. The feature set that enables the carrier to utilize the business with use of that equipment are: high quality and very good MTBF (some requirements are stated in TR-144 chapter 7.17  ), redundancy (if one part goes down, there is an alternative), easy and cost-efficient operations and maintenance (O&M), all of which are standardized as much as possible.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
Eurajoki
Eurajoki (Finnish: [ˈeu̯rɑˌjoki]; Swedish: Euraåminne) is a municipality of Finland located in the region of Satakunta in the province of Western Finland. The municipality has a population of 9,000 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 1,504.96 square kilometres (581.07 sq mi) of which 298.39 km2 (115.21 sq mi) is water. The population density is 17.48 inhabitants per square kilometre (45.3/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Municipalities of Finland
The municipalities (Finnish: kunta; Swedish: kommun) represent the local level of administration in Finland and act as the fundamental, self-governing administrative units of the country. The entire country is incorporated into municipalities and legally, all municipalities are equal, although certain municipalities are called cities or towns (Finnish: kaupunki; Swedish: stad). Municipalities have the right to levy a flat percentual income tax, which is between 16 and 22 percent, and they provide two thirds of public services. Municipalities control many community services, such as schools, health care and the water supply, and local streets. They do not maintain highways, set laws or keep police forces, which are responsibilities of the central government.
Causes of the Great Recession
Many factors directly and indirectly serve as the causes of the Great Recession that started in 2008 with the US subprime mortgage crisis. The major causes of the initial subprime mortgage crisis and the following recession include lax lending standards contributing to the real-estate bubbles that have since burst; U.S. government housing policies; and limited regulation of non-depository financial institutions. Once the recession began, various responses were attempted with different degrees of success. These included fiscal policies of governments; monetary policies of central banks; measures designed to help indebted consumers refinance their mortgage debt; and inconsistent approaches used by nations to bail out troubled banking industries and private bondholders, assuming private debt burdens or socializing losses.

Med Jones
Med Jones (also known as Med Yones) is an American economist and strategist. He currently serves as the president of the International Institute of Management, a research organization based in the United States, focused on economic, business, and investment strategies.
Antonio Leone (politician)
Antonio Leone (born 16 January 1948) is an Italian lawyer and politician. He served as Vice President of the Chamber of Deputies during Legislature XVI, from 2008 to 2013. He was a member of the High Council of the Judiciary from 2014 to 2018. Since 2018 he has been President of the Presidential Council of Tax Justice.

Leone was first elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the constituency of Apulia during Legislature XIII, in 1996. He was a member of Forza Italia until 2008, of The People of Freedom from 2008 to 2013, and of New Centre-Right from 2013 to 2014.

High Council of the Judiciary (Italy)
The High Council of the Judiciary (Italian: Consiglio superiore della magistratura, or CSM) is an Italian institution of constitutional importance, entrusted to preside over the organisation of the Italian Judiciary. The High Council sits in the Palazzo dei Marescialli, Piazza Indipendenza 6, Rome.
Oum Zebed
Oum Zebed (also known as Oum ez Zebed el djadida ) is a village in the commune of M'Naguer, in Taibet District, Ouargla Province, Algeria. The village is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northwest of M'Naguer and 27 kilometres (17 mi) east of Touggourt.

Ouargla Province
Ouargla or Warqla (Arabic: ولاية ورقلة) is a province (wilaya) in eastern Algeria, with a population of 708 463 inhabitants in 2019. Its capital is Ouargla. Other localities include Hassi Ben Abdellah and Hassi Messaoud. It borders Ouled Djellal Province, El M'Ghair Province Touggourt Province, and El Oued Province to the north, Tunisia to the east, In Salah Province and Illizi Province to the south, and El Menia Province, Ghardaia Province and Djelfa Province to the west. It contains the Issaouane Erg desert.
Daniel Tracy (politician)
Daniel Tracy (December 8, 1843 – October 2, 1919) was an American farmer, businessman, and politician.

Tracy was born in King's County, Ireland. He emigrated to the United States and settled in the town of Liberty, Manitowoc County, Wisconsin in 1854. Tracy went to the public schools in Manitowoc County. Tracy was a farmer and owned a hotel. He lived in Osman, Wisconsin. Tracy served on the Liberty Town Board and was chairman of the town board. Tracy also served on the school board and the Manitowoc County Board of Supervisors. Tracy served in the Wisconsin Assembly in 1887 and 1888 and was a Democrat. Tracy died in Manitowoc, Wisconsin.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
Carolyn Mary Skelly
Carolyn Mary Skelly (December 2, 1905 – December 10, 1996) was an American oil heiress and socialite. She was well known for her extravagant parties but was herself mysteriously disfigured. As the owner of Bois Doré, she continued clubbing well into her 80s and became “America’s No. 1 Jewelry Robbery Victim”.

Socialite
A socialite is a person, typically a woman from a wealthy or aristocratic background, who is prominent in high society. A socialite generally spends a significant amount of time attending various fashionable social gatherings, instead of having traditional employment.
In Full Cry
In Full Cry is an album by the Joe Maneri Quartet recorded in June 1996 and released on ECM the following year. The quartet features violinist Mat Maneri and rhythm section John Lockwood and Randy Peterson.

ECM Records
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the most beautiful sound next to silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in Coda, a Canadian jazz magazine.

ECM has been distributed in the U.S. by Warner Bros. Records, PolyGram Records, BMG, and, since 1999, Universal Music, the successor of PolyGram, worldwide. Its album covers were profiled in two books: Sleeves of Desire and Windfall Light, both published by Lars Müller.
Balázs Hankó
Balázs Hankó (born 20 March 1978) is a Hungarian politician serving as minister of culture and innovation since 2024.

From 2022 to 2024, he served as secretary of state for higher education, vocational training, continuing education and innovation at the Ministry of Culture and Innovation.

In 2026 he was awarded the Order of the Serbian Flag.

Order of the Serbian Flag
Order of the Serbian Flag (Serbian: Орден српске заставе, romanized: Orden srpske zastave) is the second highest state order of Serbia.
The order is awarded by the decree of the President of the Republic on special occasions, typically at the ceremonies held on the Statehood Day. It is awarded for development of international relations between the Republic of Serbia and other countries.
Clostridium vulturis
Clostridium vulturis is a gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming, anaerobic bacterium, originally found in the intestine of a cinereous vulture in Korea. Part of the Clostridium genus, C. vulturis is closely related to Clostridium subterminale (96.9% genome similarity), Clostridium thiosulfatireducens (96.7% genome similarity), Clostridium sulfidigenes (96.6% genome similarity), and Clostridium amazonense (with 97.4% genome similarity).

Clostridium vulturis produces several fermentation products, including acetate, butyrate, ethanol, propanol, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.
Even Northug
Even Northug (born 26 September 1995) is a Norwegian cross-country skier.

He competed at the 2014 World Junior Championships, finishing ninth in the sprint race. In the U23 class he competed at the 2016 and 2018 World Junior Championships, claiming the sprint bronze medal in 2018.

He made his World Cup debut in March 2015 in Drammen, a sprint race. Competing in nothing but sprint, he collected his first World Cup points a year later in Drammen with an eighth place. Following another eighth place in December 2017 in Lillehammer, he improved to a sixth place in January 2018 in Dresden.

He represents the sports clubs Mosvik IL and Strindheim IL. He is a younger brother of Petter Northug and Tomas Northug.

Drammen
Drammen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈdrɑ̀mːən] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. The port and river city of Drammen is centrally located in the south-eastern and most populated part of Norway. Drammen municipality also includes smaller towns and villages such as Konnerud, Svelvik, Mjøndalen and Skoger.
Taxi (Romanian band)
Taxi is a Romanian pop-rock band. The band's musical genres include rock, contemporary pop, using Nashville-style guitar licks.

The band was founded on 13 March 1999 in Bucharest. It represented Romania at the Eurovision Song Contest 2000 with the song The Moon, finishing 17th.

Lick (music)
In popular music genres such as country, blues, jazz or rock music, a lick is "a stock pattern or phrase" consisting of a short series of notes used in solos and melodic lines and accompaniment. For musicians, learning a lick is usually a form of imitation. By imitating, musicians understand and analyze what others have done, allowing them to build a vocabulary of their own.

In a jazz band, a lick may be performed during an improvised solo, either during an accompanied solo chorus or during an unaccompanied solo break. Jazz licks are usually original short phrases which can be altered so they can be used over a song's changing harmonic progressions.
Biy-Myrza
Biy-Myrza (Kyrgyz: Бий-Мырза, romanized: Biy-Myrza; formerly Telman) is a village in Kara-Kulja District of Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 4,003 in 2021.

The village is the birthplace of the  5th president Sooronbay Jeenbekov and his brother ex-chairman Asylbek Jêênbekov.

Osh Region
Osh is a region of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Osh, which is not part of the region. It is bounded (clockwise) by Jalal-Abad Region, Naryn Region, China (Xinjiang), Tajikistan (Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Batken Region, and Uzbekistan (Andijan and Fergana Regions). Its total area is 28,934 km2 (11,171 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,391,649 as of January 2021. According to the 2009 census, 28% of the total population are ethnic Uzbeks.
Park View High School (South Hill, Virginia)
Park View High School was a public high school located in South Hill, Virginia community in Mecklenburg County, Virginia. It is part of the Mecklenburg County Public Schools and opened in 1955.  It closed in 2022, consolidating with former rivals Bluestone High School to form the new Mecklenburg County High School.  Athletic teams competed in the Virginia High School League's AA in Region I.

South Hill, Virginia
South Hill is a town in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, United States.  The population was 4,709 at the 2020 census. Located on major Interstate and U.S. highways, it has a full-service hospital (serving patients from several rural counties), a tobacco market, and several hotels.  South Hill has a close relationship with the neighboring town of La Crosse.  Kerr Lake, a large reservoir popular with boaters and fishermen, is a short distance to the southwest.

The Colonial Theatre was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
Eric McGill
Eric McGill (born 16 October 1987) is an Irish footballer who last played for Bray Wanderers in the League of Ireland. He made his professional debut for Shamrock Rovers as a late substitute in the FAI cup game against Castlebar Celtic. McGill signed for Drogheda United on 31 July 2009 .

Castlebar Celtic F.C.
Castlebar Celtic F.C. (Irish: Cumann Peile Caisleán an Bharraigh Ceiltigh) is an Irish association football club based in Castlebar, County Mayo. They currently play in the Mayo Association Football League. They have previously fielded teams in the League of Ireland U20 Division, the A Championship and the Connacht Senior League. The club previously operated a women's team.
Gawa Qanqa massacre
On 2 November 2020, allegedly a group of up to 60 gunmen attacked a schoolyard in the village of Gawa Qanqa in the Guliso District of West Welega Zone in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia, killing 32-54 people. The state-run Ethiopian Human Rights Commission said the attack had targeted people of the Amhara ethnic group. 200 people were gathered by an armed group for a meeting and then were shot at by the armed group. Soldiers had reportedly left the area hours before the attack. The Oromia Regional Government blamed the Oromo Liberation Army for the attack,  who denied responsibility. Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed denounced the attack and promised a thorough investigation. Ethnic violence has increased since he took office.

Ethiopian Human Rights Commission
The Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC) (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ሰብዓዊ መብቶች ኮሚሽን) is a national human rights institution (NHRI) established by the Ethiopian government. The EHRC is charged with promoting human rights and investigating human rights abuses in Ethiopia. The EHRC states organizational independence as one of its values. In October 2021, the EHRC's rating by the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions for operation in accordance with the UN Paris Principles was upgraded from grade B (partial compliance) to grade A (full compliance).
1993 Campeonato Carioca
The 1993 edition of the Campeonato Carioca was kicked off on February 7, 1993 and ended on June 27, 1993. It is the official tournament organized by FFERJ (Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, or Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation. Only clubs based in the Rio de Janeiro State are allowed to play. Twenty-four teams contested this edition. Vasco da Gama won the title for the 19th time. twelve teams were relegated.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Melina Merkouri Cultural Center
37°58′34.1″N 23°42′51.5″E﻿ / ﻿37.976139°N 23.714306°E﻿ / 37.976139; 23.714306
The Melina Merkouri Cultural Centre is a municipal cultural organization in Athens, Greece. It is housed in an impressive old hat factory in Thisseio. The Centre has two permanent exhibitions, the one called "Travelogue of Athens", which presents  the neighborhoods of Athens at the beginning of the 20th century, and the other "The Charidimos Shadow Theater", with figures and materials of the famous shadow theater artist. The centre also includes the "Melina" hall, a 220 square metres (2,400 sq ft) room where temporary exhibitions, events and concerts, but also seminars and meetings take place. Another room of 380 square metres (4,100 sq ft) and 5 metres (16 ft) height is meant for large-scale exhibits.

Thiseio
Thiseio or Thissio (Greek: Θησείο, pronounced [θiˈsio]) is a traditional neighbourhood in the old city of Athens, Greece, northwest of the Acropolis, and surrounded by the archaeological sites of the Agora, Keramikos and Pnyx. The name refers to the Temple of Hephaestus, which was mistakenly known as Thiseion, in reference to Theseus, the mythical king of Athens.

The area is famous for its many pedestrian streets, Acropolis views, archaeological sites, churches, synagogues, cafés, open terraces, and cultural meeting points. Thiseio is served by the nearby Thiseio metro station and is connected to the other neighbourhoods of the old city of Athens through a network of pedestrian streets passing across the major archaeological sites.
Wulong Karst
The Wulong Karst (Chinese: 武隆喀斯特) is a karst landscape located within the borders of Wulong District, Chongqing Municipality, People's Republic of China. It is divided into three areas containing the Three Natural Bridges, the Qingkou Tiankeng (箐口天坑) and Furong Cave respectively. It is a part of the Wulong Karst National Geology Park as well as part of the South China Karst, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Pyracantha fortuneana
Pyracantha crenatoserrata, commonly known as Chinese firethorn or Yunnan firethorn, is a species of firethorn. It is a short shrub. It is cultivated for its decorative bright red pome fruit (inaccurately called berries). The flowers are white. It survives in warm climates. It cannot tolerate frost, but it can withstand drought. This species originates from central China.

It has become naturalised across parts of Australia, New Zealand and the United States.
2025 Challenger Città di Lugano – Doubles
Sander Arends and Sem Verbeek were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Cleeve Harper and David Stevenson won the title after defeating Jakub Paul and David Pel 4–6, 6–3, [10–8] in the final.

David Pel
David Pel (born 9 July 1991) is a Dutch tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 27 achieved on 29 December 2025. He has won one doubles ATP title with Sander Arends. Pel was a Grand Slam finalist at 2025 Wimbledon with Rinky Hijikata.

Pel competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Men's circuit where he has a 19–16 win-loss record in Challenger finals and a 11–12 record in ITF career doubles finals.
Jacopo Sarto
Jacopo Sarto (born 15 July 1990) is a retired Italian rugby union player. His usual position was as a Flanker.

In 2014 he was named  Permit Player for Benetton and from 2014 to 2018 he played for Zebre.
From 2018 to 2022 he played for Colorno in Top12.

After playing for Emerging Italy squad in 2014, in 2016 Sarto was named in the Italy squad. He represented Italy 3 times in official test matches.

Zebre Parma
Zebre Parma (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdzɛbre], meaning "Zebras") are an Italian professional rugby union team competing in the United Rugby Championship and EPCR competitions from the 2012–13 season. They are based in Parma (Emilia-Romagna), Italy. They are operated by the Italian Rugby Federation (FIR) and replaced Aironi in the Pro12.

Zebre Parma, often referred to as "the XV of the North-West" (Italian: il XV del Nord-Ovest), represents the four committees of Emilia-Romagna, Liguria, Lombardy and Piedmont, which includes tens of thousands of members and several clubs. Since 2018, it represents also teams from others committees like Abruzzo, Lazio, Marche, Tuscany and Sicily. The team was officially named Zebre Parma at the start of the 2021–22 United Rugby Championship season.
Champaign Central High School
Champaign Central High School is a high school located in Champaign, Illinois. It has 1,673 students in grades 9-12. The principal is Dr. Montia Gardner. It is part of the Champaign Unit 4 School District school system. Its sports teams are the Champaign Maroons.

Ninth grade
Ninth grade (also 9th or Grade 9) is the ninth year of formal or compulsory education in some countries. It is generally part of high school or secondary school depending on the country. Students in ninth grade are usually 14–15 years old.
Pillar of Salt (Fear the Walking Dead)
"Pillar of Salt" is the twelfth episode of the second season, and the 18th episode overall of the post-apocalyptic horror television series Fear the Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on September 18, 2016.

This episode marks the final appearance of Griselda Salazar (Patricia Reyes Spíndola), seen in a flashback sequence, who died at the end of the first season. Ofelia Salazar (Mercedes Mason) returns after briefly disappearing at the end of the ninth episode "Los Muertos".

Mercedes Mason
Mercedes Mason (previously Mercedes Masöhn; 3 March 1982) is a Swedish actress. She is known for playing the role of Zondra in the television series Chuck, and Isabel Zambada in the procedural drama The Finder. She also starred in the 2011 American horror film Quarantine 2: Terminal, portrayed Louise Leonard in the supernatural drama series 666 Park Avenue (2012–2013), played Talia Del Campo in NCIS: Los Angeles, and was a regular on AMC's television series Fear the Walking Dead from 2015 to 2017. In 2018 she played Captain Zoe Andersen in the ABC Police crime drama The Rookie.
Zdrojewski
Zdrojewski (feminine: Zdrojewska) is a Polish surname derived from one of placenames  Drohojów, Zdrojewo, Zdrój, Zdroje. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbara Zdrojewska (born 1960), Polish politician

Bogdan Zdrojewski (born 1957), Polish politician

Zbigniew Zdrojewski (1950–1996), Polish politician

Bogdan Zdrojewski
Bogdan Andrzej Zdrojewski [ˈbɔɡdan zdrɔˈjɛfskʲi] ⓘ (born 18 May 1957) is a Polish politician, mayor of Wrocław from 1990 to 2001, and Minister of Culture and National Heritage from 2007 till 2014. He has also been member of the Polish and of the European Parliament.