hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1949 Milan–San Remo
The 1949 Milan–San Remo was the 40th edition of the Milan–San Remo cycle race and was held on 19 March 1949. The race started in Milan and finished in San Remo. The race was won by Fausto Coppi of the Bianchi–Ursus team.

Sanremo
Sanremo, also spelled San Remo in English and formerly in Italian, is a comune (municipality) on the Mediterranean coast of Liguria, in northwestern Italy. Founded in Roman times, it has a population of about 53,000, and is known as a tourist destination on the Italian Riviera. It hosts numerous cultural events, such as the Sanremo Music Festival and the Milan–San Remo cycling classic. Italo Calvino, the most significant figure of 20th century Italian literature, spent his formative years here.
Liu Hongcai
Liu Hongcai (born June 1955) is a Chinese diplomat, currently the deputy head of the International Liaison Department of the Chinese Communist Party; he is the former Chinese Ambassador to North Korea.

Liu was born in 1955 in Liaoning. He studied Japanese at Beijing Second Foreign Language Institute from 1972 to 1975. In his final year, Liu joined the Chinese Communist Party and was assigned to the International Liaison Department of the Central Committee upon graduation. Between the years of 1989 to 1992, he served as First Secretary at the Chinese Embassy in Tokyo. In 2003, he was appointed Vice Minister of the International Liaison Department. In 2010, he succeeded Liu Xiaoming as the Chinese Ambassador to North Korea.

Beijing International Studies University
Beijing International Studies University (BISU; 北京第二外国语学院; lit. 'Beijing Second College of Foreign Languages') is a municipal public college of foreign languages in Chaoyang, Beijing, China. It is affiliated with the City of Beijing, and co-funded by the Beijing Municipal People's Government and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.
Daniel Bishop Meigs
Daniel Bishop Meigs (June 1, 1835 – July 6, 1916) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Henryville, Lower Canada, his parents were both native of Swanton, Vermont, who moved in Canada in 1832. Meigs was educated in Bedford and was a farmer. He was mayor of Farnham, Quebec for several years. He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the Quebec electoral district of Missisquoi in an 1888 by-election held after the death of the sitting MP, George Clayes. He was defeated in the 1891 election but was elected in 1896 election. A Liberal, he was re-elected again in the 1900, 1904, and 1908 elections. He did not stand for re-election in 1911.

1900 Canadian federal election
The 1900 Canadian federal election was held on November 7, 1900, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 9th Parliament of Canada. As a result of the election, the Liberal Party, led by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier, was re-elected to a second majority government, defeating the Conservative Party and Liberal-Conservatives led by Charles Tupper.
Harold Glasser
Harold Glasser (November 24, 1905 – November 16, 1992) was an economist in the United States Department of the Treasury and spokesman on the affairs of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) 'throughout its whole life' and he had a 'predominant voice' in determining which countries should receive aid.  Glasser was a member of the Perlo group of Soviet spies during World War II and worked closely with Harry Dexter White. His code name in Soviet intelligence and in the Venona files is "Ruble".

Venona project
The Venona project was a United States counterintelligence program initiated during World War II by the United States Army's Signal Intelligence Service and later absorbed by the National Security Agency (NSA), that ran from February 1, 1943, until October 1, 1980. It was intended to decrypt messages transmitted by the intelligence agencies of the Soviet Union (e.g. the NKVD, the KGB, and the GRU).

During the 37-year duration of the Venona project, the Signal Intelligence Service decrypted and translated approximately 3,000 messages. The signals intelligence yield included discovery of the Cambridge Five espionage ring in the United Kingdom, and also of Soviet espionage of the Manhattan Project in the US, known as Project Enormous. Some of the espionage was undertaken to support the Soviet atomic bomb project. The Venona project remained secret for more than 15 years after it concluded.
Kaidan-in
Kaidan-in (戒壇院) is a Rinzai temple in Dazaifu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. It was founded by Ganjin in 761. Together with Tōdai-ji in Nara and Yakushi-ji in Tochigi Prefecture, it was one of Japan's three official ordination halls during the Nara period.

Tochigi Prefecture
Tochigi Prefecture (栃木県, Tochigi-ken) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Tochigi Prefecture has a population of 1,897,649 (1 June 2023) and has a geographic area of 6,408 km2 (2,474 sq mi). Tochigi Prefecture borders Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Gunma Prefecture to the west, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the southeast.

Utsunomiya is the capital and largest city of Tochigi Prefecture, with other major cities including Oyama, Tochigi, and Ashikaga. Tochigi Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures and its mountainous northern region is a popular tourist region in Japan. The Nasu area is known for its onsens, local sake, and ski resorts, the villa of the Imperial Family, and the Nasushiobara station of the Shinkansen railway line. The city of Nikkō, with its ancient Shintō shrines and Buddhist temples, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Herman L. Taylor Jr.
Herman L. Taylor Jr. is an American politician who served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 2003-2011 in Maryland's 14th Legislative District. District 14 includes parts of Silver Spring, Calverton, Colesville, Cloverly, Fairland, Burtonsville, Olney, Brookeville, Laytonsville, Damascus, Ashton and Sandy Spring in Montgomery County. He is the founder of the Minority Business Economic Council.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Churrería El Moro
19°25′53″N 99°08′28″W﻿ / ﻿19.431311°N 99.141212°W﻿ / 19.431311; -99.141212

Churrería El Moro is a restaurant serving churros and hot chocolate in Mexico City. The original  1935 location is on Eje Central Lázaro Cárdenas near the Metro San Juan de Letrán in the Historic center of Mexico City. Since 2014 the grandchildren of the original owner have opened branches in Palacio de Hierro department store food halls (Polanco, Perisur, Centro Santa Fe), in the Mercado Roma food hall, on Parque México in Condesa, on Avenida Álvaro Obregón in Colonia Roma, and in Colonia Cuauhtémoc along Río Lerma street, a restaurant row.

Perisur
Perisur (also Centro Comercial Perisur) is a shopping mall located in the Coyoacán borough in southern Mexico City at the intersection of Insurgentes Avenue South and the Anillo Periférico, next to the UNAM main campus in Ciudad Universitaria and to the upscale Jardines del Pedregal neighbourhood. 
Designed by architect Juan Sordo Madaleno, the shopping center became the largest shopping mall in total area in Mexico when it opened in 1980.
Romilia gens
The gens Romilia or Romulia was a minor patrician family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are mentioned in the time of the Roman monarchy, and again in the first century of the Republic.  Titus Romilius Rocus Vaticanus was consul in 455 BC, and subsequently a member of the first Decemvirate in 451.  From this time, the Romilii fell into obscurity for centuries, only to appear briefly in imperial times.  A number of Romilii are known from inscriptions.

Roman Kingdom
The Roman Kingdom, also known as the Roman monarchy and the regal period of ancient Rome, was the earliest period of Roman history, when the city and its territory were ruled by kings. According to tradition, the Roman Kingdom began with the city's founding c. 753 BC, with settlements around the Palatine Hill along the river Tiber in central Italy, and ended with the overthrow of the kings and the establishment of the Republic c. 509 BC.

Little is certain about the kingdom's history as no records and few inscriptions from the time of the kings have survived. The accounts of this period written during the Republic and the Empire are thought largely to be based on oral tradition.
Jesús Galíndez
Jesús (de) Galíndez Suárez (October 12, 1915  – disappeared March 12, 1956) was a Basque Spanish politician, writer and Columbia University international law professor of Basque nationalist ideology who disappeared in New York City. He was allegedly kidnapped and murdered by intelligence operatives of the Servicio de Inteligencia Militar, based on a direct order from Rafael Trujillo, the caudillo of the Dominican Republic.

Basque nationalism
Basque nationalism (Basque: eusko abertzaletasuna [eus̺ko abeɾts̻aletas̺una]; Spanish: nacionalismo vasco; French: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today split between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included movements supportive of Basque independence.

Basque nationalism, spanning three different regions in two states (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, and the French Basque Country in France), is "irredentist in nature" as it favours political unification of all the Basque-speaking provinces.
Thomas Jakobsen
Thomas Jakobsen is a mathematician, cryptographer, and computer programmer, formerly an
assistant professor at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and head of research and
development at IO Interactive. His notable work includes designing the physics engine and 3-D pathfinder algorithms for Hitman: Codename 47, and the cryptanalysis of a number of block ciphers.

Jakobsen earned an M.Sc. in engineering and Ph.D. in mathematics, both from DTU.

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
Intrepid (1787 ship)
Intrepid was launched in 1776, almost surely under another name. She appeared as Intrepid in British records from 1787; missing volumes of Lloyd's Register (LR) and missing pages in extant records obscure her earlier name(s) and history. She made one voyage as a whaler in the British southern whale fishery and two as a Liverpool-based slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She also captured a Spanish merchant ship in a notable action. Otherwise she traded widely as a West Indiaman, transport, and to North and South America. She was wrecked in November 1816.

Slave ship
Slave ships were large cargo ships specially built or converted from the 17th to the 19th century for transporting slaves. Such ships were also known as "Guineamen" because the trade involved human trafficking to and from the Guinea coast in West Africa.
Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College
Saiva Bhanu Kshatriya College, is a general degree college located in Aruppukottai, Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu. The college is affiliated with Madurai Kamaraj University. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.

Virudhunagar district
Virudhunagar district is a district (an administrative district) of Tamil Nadu state in south India. Virudhunagar is the district headquarters of Virudhunagar district. Virudhunagar district was formed by the separation of Old Ramanathapuram District G.O passed on 08,March 1985 & formed in 15,March 1985 into Ramanathapuram District, Sivagangai District and the west part as Virudhunagar District. Virudhunagar District was formerly called Karmavirer Kamarajar District. As of 2011, Virudhunagar district had a population of 1,942,288 with a sex-ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. Sivakasi is the most populous and largest city in the district.
Eston (name)
Eston is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:

John Eston (disambiguation), multiple people

Thomas Eston (fl.1413), English politician

Given name:

Eston Hemings (1808–1856), American slave

Eston Kohver (born 1971), Estonian police officer

Eston Mulenga (1967–1993), Zambian footballer

Eston Kohver
Eston Kohver (born 1971) is an Estonian officer of the Estonian Internal Security Service who was detained by the Russian FSB on 5 September 2014 under disputed circumstances, creating a major political rift in Estonia–Russia relations. In Russia, Kohver was convicted of espionage and sentenced to 15 years in prison, but in September 2015 was returned to Estonia in a prisoner exchange.
Vanessa Baker
Vanessa Anne Baker (born 12 June 1974) is a former Australian diver.

Born in Sydney, Australia Baker was educated at MLC Burwood. At age 14, Baker won a AU$1,500 scholarship and was the youngest to represent Australia on the Southern Cross International Circuit.

In Australia she won her age championship in 1990 and went on to be national platform diving champion in 1992. She also won gold in the 1992 junior national championships held in Melbourne in the 16–18 age group.

She competed at the 1990 Commonwealth Games in the 10 metre platform event and finished tenth. In the 1994 Commonwealth Games she competed in two events. In the 3 metre springboard event she finished fourth, while in the 10 metre platform she came eighth.

She competed at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics in the 10 metre platform event where she finished 25th of 33.

Diving at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Women's 10 metre platform
The women's 10 metre platform was one of four diving events included in the Diving at the 1996 Summer Olympics programme.

The competition was split into three phases:

Preliminary round

26 July — Each diver performed five dives without any limitation on the difficulty degree. The 18 divers with the highest total score advanced to the semi-final.

Semi-final

27 July — Each diver performed four dives with difficulty degree limitation. The 12 divers with the highest combined score from the semi-final and preliminary dives advanced to the final.

Final

27 July — Each diver performed five dives without limitation on the difficulty degree. The final ranking was determined by the combined score from the final and semifinal dives.
Carol Johnson (British politician)
Carol Alfred Johnson, CBE (24 November 1903 – 30 July 2000) was a British Labour politician.

Johnson was educated at the School of Law, and the London School of Economics, before becoming a solicitor.  After a period in private practice, he became an assistant town clerk. From 1943 to 1959, he was secretary to the Parliamentary Labour Party.

Johnson was elected to Lambeth Borough Council in 1937, serving until 1949.  He was elected as Member of Parliament for Lewisham South from 1959, serving until the general election of February 1974, when the constituency was abolished by boundary changes.

Johnson was chair of the History of Parliament Trust.  He was joint honorary secretary of the British Council of the European Movement, and was also active in the Ramblers' Association.  He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1951, and was also a Commander of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.

Lewisham South
Lewisham South was a parliamentary constituency in Lewisham, London which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1950 until it was abolished for the February 1974 general election.
Luis Vivenes
Luis Felipe Vivénes Urbanesa (born October 6, 1980 in Cumaná, Sucre) is an amateur Venezuelan freestyle wrestler, who played for the men's heavyweight category. He won two medals each for his division at the Pan American Games (2007 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and 2011 in Guadalajara, Mexico), and at the Central American and Caribbean Games (2006 in Cartagena, Colombia, and 2010 in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico).

Vivenes represented Venezuela at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he competed as a lone male wrestler in the men's 96 kg class. He received a bye for the second preliminary round, before losing out to Kazakhstan's Taimuraz Tigiyev, who was able to score nine points in two straight periods, leaving Vivenes without a single point. Because his opponent advanced further into the final match, Vivenes offered another shot for the bronze medal by entering the repechage bouts. He was defeated by Cuba's Michel Batista in the first round, with a technical score of 1–3.

Central American and Caribbean Games
The Central American and Caribbean Games (CAC or CACGs) are a multi-sport regional championship event, held quadrennial (once every four years), typically in the middle (even) year between Summer Olympics. The games are for 32 countries and five territories in Central America, the Caribbean (Caribbean Countries), Mexico, and the South American Caribbean countries of Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

The games are overseen by Centro Caribe Sports (formerly CACSO). They are designed to provide a step between sub-CACG-region Games held the first year following a Summer Olympics (e.g. Central American Games) and the Continental Championships, the Pan American Games, held the year before the Summer Olympics.

The last Games were held in San Salvador between 23 June to 8 July 2023. The next Games will be held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic as main host in 2026.
Juan de Dios Pueblos
Juan de Dios Mataflorida Pueblos (8 March 1943 – 21 October 2017) was a Roman Catholic bishop.

Pueblos was born on 8 March 1943 in Moto Sur in the municipality of Loon, Bohol, Philippines. He studied at the Immaculate Heart Seminary in Tagbilaran and San Carlos Major Seminary.

Pueblos was ordained to the priesthood on 30 March 1968 and was consecrated as bishop on 24 June 1985. He was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Davao by Pope John Paul II on 29 April 1985. He served in the post until 3 February 1987 while also being the Titular bishop of Zaba in Algeria. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Kidapawan from 3 February 1987 to 27 November 1995. Pueblos served as bishop of the Diocese of Butuan from 27 November 1995 until his death. He was hospitalised with leukemia at the Cardinal Santos Medical Center in San Juan, Metro Manila in 2017, and died two months later, on 21 October 2017.

San Juan, Metro Manila
San Juan, officially the City of San Juan (Filipino: Lungsod ng San Juan), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 134,312 people. It is located in Metro Manila's approximate geographical center, and is the country's smallest city by land area.

The city is known historically for the site of the first battle of the Katipunan, the organization which led the 1896 Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. Notable landmarks today such as the Pinaglabanan Shrine and heritage homes are located in the city. Other locations include Greenhills and Santolan Town Plaza, making the city a major shopping hub with a range of upscale, boutique, and bargain retail.
Real estate derivative
A real estate derivative is a financial instrument whose value is based on the price of real estate.  The core uses for real estate derivatives are: hedging positions, pre-investing assets and re-allocating a portfolio. The major products within real estate derivatives are: swaps, futures contracts, options (calls and puts) and structured products. Each of these products can use a different real estate index.  Further, each property type and region can be used as a reference point for any real estate derivative.

Structured product
A structured product, also known as a market-linked investment, is a pre-packaged structured finance investment strategy based on a single security, a basket of securities, options, indices, commodities, debt issuance or foreign currencies, and to a lesser extent, derivatives.
Structured products are not homogeneous — there are numerous varieties of derivatives and underlying assets — but they can be classified under the aside categories.
Typically, a desk will employ a specialized "structurer" to design and manage its structured-product offering.
All Saints' Church, Dunedin
All Saints' Church is a heritage-listed Anglican church located in Dunedin, New Zealand. Established in 1865, the church is part of the Dunedin North parish in the Diocese of Dunedin.

The church building has a Category I listing with the New Zealand Historic Places Trust.

Anglican Diocese of Dunedin
The Diocese of Dunedin is one of the thirteen dioceses and hui amorangi (Māori bishoprics) of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia.

The diocese covers the same area as the provinces of Otago and Southland in the South Island of New Zealand; or approximately 65,990 square kilometres (25,480 sq mi), with a population 272,541 (in 2001). Anglicans are traditionally the third largest religious group in Otago and Southland after Presbyterians and Roman Catholics.

The Bishop of Dunedin's cathedra is at St. Paul's Cathedral, Dunedin.
Graphis taneina
Graphis taneina is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It forms a thin, pale greenish-grey crust on tree bark and produces both powdery patches (soredia) and elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies. The species is known from the Angkor temple complex in Cambodia, where it grows on various trees in well-lit sites.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.