hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prostatic acid phosphatase
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), also prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSAP), is an enzyme produced by the prostate. It may be found in increased amounts in men who have prostate cancer or other diseases.

The highest levels of acid phosphatase are found in metastasized prostate cancer. Diseases of the bone, such as Paget's disease or hyperparathyroidism, diseases of blood cells, such as sickle-cell disease or multiple myeloma or lysosomal storage diseases, such as Gaucher's disease, will show moderately increased levels.

Certain medications can cause temporary increases or decreases in acid phosphatase levels. Manipulation of the prostate gland through massage, biopsy or rectal exam before a test may increase the level.

Its physiological function may be associated with the liquefaction process of semen.

Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, an interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist. The process involves the extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease. The tissue is then fixed, dehydrated, embedded, sectioned, stained and mounted before it is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist; it may also be analyzed chemically. When an entire lump or suspicious area is removed, the procedure is called an excisional biopsy. An incisional biopsy or core biopsy samples a portion of the abnormal tissue without attempting to remove the entire lesion or tumor. When a sample of tissue or fluid is removed with a needle in such a way that cells are removed without preserving the histological architecture of the tissue cells, the procedure is called a needle aspiration biopsy. Biopsies are most commonly performed for insight into possible cancerous or inflammatory conditions.
Ing-Marie Carlsson
Ing-Marie Gunilla Jessica Carlsson (born 25 February 1957) is a Swedish actress. Carlsson lives in Södermalm, Stockholm.

Carlsson was educated at NAMA in Gothenburg and graduated in 1982. After that she worked at Götateatern and the Borås City Theatre. In 1997, she participated in Alla var där at Folkan, including roles as Kjell Bergqvist and Carina Lidbom. In 2001, she was nominated for a Golden Mask for her role in Dagens dubbel at the Halmstad Theater with Tomas Pettersson. She also appeared in Göran Stangertz's production of Death of a Salesman at the Helsingborg City Theatre, which also starred Lars-Erik Berenett. In the summer of 2007, Carlsson participated in Den stora premiären at Frediksdalsteatern in Helsingborg.

Göran Stangertz
Göran Nils Robert Stangertz (19 July 1944 – 27 October 2012) was a Swedish actor, director and artistic leader at Helsingborgsteatern. He won Sweden's most prestigious film award Guldbagge Award twice in the category best male leading role for his roles in Det sista äventyret ("The Last Adventure") and Spring för livet ("Run for Your Life"). From 2009 and until his death he was married to actress Kajsa Ernst.

Göran Stangertz received his theatrical education in Scenskolan and Göteborg during the years 1964-1967. His first work as an actor was in the film based on Fritiof Nilsson Piraten's novel "Bokhandlaren som slutade bada" ("The bookseller that stopped taking baths") in 1969. In 1977 he played the role of Jack in a film of one of Ulf Lundell's novels. He was participating in the humorous show "Köp mjölk, Skriv bok" ("Buy milk, write book") when he was diagnosed with cancer, and left the work not long before the premiere.
Adnomination
In linguistics and literature, adnomination is a rhetorical device that involves the juxtaposed repetition of words with similar roots or speech sounds within a phrase or sentence. This technique serves to emphasize a particular concept or create a memorable rhythm captivating the audience's attention. It has been employed throughout history, from ancient orators to modern writers, demonstrating its enduring effectiveness in communication.

Adnomination is not confined to specific cultural or literary periods; its universality is evident in the varied use across different linguistic traditions. This phenomenon transcends cultural and temporal boundaries.

In contemporary language, adnomination persists as a versatile tool in advertising, political speeches, and everyday communication. Its ability to reinforce key concepts resonates in various forms of discourse.

Repetition (rhetorical device)
Repetition is the simple repeating of a word, within a short space of words (including in a poem), with no particular placement of the words to secure emphasis, within a short space of words. It is a multilinguistic written or spoken device, frequently used in English and several other languages, such as Hindi and Chinese, and so rarely termed a figure of speech, making it a multilinguistic written or spoken device. Repetition in some cases is seen as undesirable.

Its forms, many of which are listed below, have varying resonances to listing (forms of enumeration, such as "Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Firstly and lastly..."), as a matter of trite logic often similar in effect.

Today, as never before, the fates of men are so intimately linked  to one another that a disaster for one is a disaster for everybody.— A verse from The Little Virtues, 1962 by Natalia Ginzburg, with repetition of disaster
Keppel Street
Keppel Street is a street in the London Borough of Camden that runs from the junction of Store Street and Gower Street in the west to Malet Street in the east. Before the construction of Senate House, it continued on to join Russell Square.

Gilbert Bayes
Gilbert William Bayes (4 April 1872 – 10 July 1953) was an English sculptor. His art works varied in scale from medals to large architectural clocks, monuments and equestrian statues and he was also a designer of some note, creating chess pieces, mirrors and cabinets.
Haughton Forrest
Haughton Forrest (30 December 1826, Boulogne-sur-Mer – 20 January 1925, Melton Mowbray), sometimes incorrectly referred to as James Haughton Forrest, was an Australian artist who specialized in landscapes and maritime scenes.

Melton Mowbray
Melton Mowbray (/ˈmɛltən ˈmoʊbri/) is a market town in the Melton district in Leicestershire, England, 19 miles (31 km) north-east of Leicester and 20 miles (32 km) south-east of Nottingham. It lies on the River Eye, known below Melton as the Wreake. The town had a population of 27,670 in 2019. The town is sometimes promoted as Britain's "Rural Capital of Food"; it is the home of the Melton Mowbray pork pie and is the location of one of six licensed makers of Stilton cheese.
Govert Huijser
Govert Huijser (6 February 1931 – 5 January 2014) was a Dutch general and Chief of the Defence Staff between 1983 and 1988.

Huijser was born in Surabaya, in the then Dutch East Indies. During World War II he was imprisoned in a Japanese internment camp. In 1949 he enrolled in the Royal Military Academy of the Netherlands. He graduated as a second lieutenant.

As major general he served as commanding officer of the First Division "7 December".

In 1983 he was promoted to Chief of the Defence Staff (Dutch:Chef Defensiestaf). During this time he was the only four-star general of the Netherlands. In 1986 he was made aide-de-camp to Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands. In 1988 he reached the mandatory age of retirement, he was succeeded as Chief of the Defence Staff by Peter Graaff.

He died on 5 January 2014 in Roosendaal.

Chief of Defence (Netherlands)
The Chief of Defence (Dutch: Commandant der Strijdkrachten, CDS) is the highest-ranking officer in the Netherlands Armed Forces and is the principal military advisor to the minister of defence. On behalf of the minister of defence, he is responsible for operational policy, strategic planning and for preparing and executing military operations carried out by the armed forces. The chief of defence is in charge of the central staff and is the direct commanding officer of all the commanders of the branches of the armed forces. In this capacity, the chief of defence directs all the activities of the Royal Netherlands Army, the Royal Netherlands Navy and Royal Netherlands Air and Space Force. He is also in charge of the Royal Netherlands Marechaussee, when it is operating under the guise of the minister of defence.
1937–38 Belfast Charity Cup
The 1937–38 Belfast Charity Cup was the 55th edition of the Belfast Charity Cup, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Linfield won the tournament for the 24th time after defeating Glentoran 3–1 in the final.

Glentoran F.C.
Glentoran Football Club is a professional football club based in East Belfast, Northern Ireland, that plays in the NIFL Premiership. The club was founded in 1882 and has since won more than 130 major honours. They are one of three Northern Irish teams to have never been relegated.
Manchester (community), Green Lake County, Wisconsin
Manchester is an unincorporated community in the town of Manchester, Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located along state highways 44 and 73, 3 miles (4.8 km) west-southwest of Markesan.

Wisconsin Highway 44
State Trunk Highway 44 (often called Highway 44, STH-44 or WIS 44) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It runs in a diagonal southwest–northeast direction in east-central Wisconsin from Pardeeville to Oshkosh.
Asoka barb
The Asoka barb (Systomus asoka) is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Sri Lanka where it is found in the upper reaches of the Sitawaka River and its tributaries, and Kelani near Kitulgala. This fish can reach a length of 17 centimetres (6.7 in) TL.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Phoebus hydrophobius
Phoebus hydrophobius is the single lichen species in the fungal genus Phoebus, which is placed in the family Lecanographaceae (order Arthoniales). This distinctive lichen was discovered in 2007 in the Ozark region of the central United States and later found in limestone areas of northeastern Mexico. It forms orange-brown crusty patches on sun-exposed rock faces and can be identified by its intense violet-black color reaction when treated with potassium hydroxide solution, a standard chemical spot test.

Lecanographaceae
Lecanographaceae is a family of mostly lichens (also some lichenicolous fungi) in the order Arthoniales. The family was circumscribed in 2014, prompted by a molecular phylogenetic-based restructuring of the Arthoniales.
Repass
Repass is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Bob Repass (1917–2006), American baseball player

Rex Repass, American market researcher

Wendy Repass, American folk singer-songwriter

Randolph Repass, Founder of West Marine

Major General Michael S Repass, USA, Ret.

Rex Repass
Rex L. Repass is a US-based public opinion and marketing research executive. He is president of Research America Inc., headquartered in Newtown Square, Pennsylvania with offices in Cincinnati, Ohio and throughout the US.  Research America Inc. acquired R.L. Repass & Partners, Inc. (dba REPASS®) in 2016. In 2015 and 2016, Inc. magazine selected the REPASS firm as one of the fastest growing, privately held companies in the US.
Kamil Patel
Kamil Patel (born 3 April 1979) is a Mauritian former professional tennis player.

Patel, a three-time gold medalist at the Indian Ocean Island Games, played Davis Cup for Mauritius between 2000 and 2007, for a team record 18 career wins. In 2010 he represented Mauritius at the Commonwealth Games in both singles and mixed doubles, reaching the quarter-finals of the latter. While competing on the professional tour he had best rankings of 570 in singles and 328 in doubles. He won two ITF Futures titles in doubles.

Since 2013 he has served as president of the Mauritius Tennis Federation. He retired from competition after the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games, where he served as the Mauritian flag bearer.

Indian Ocean Island Games
The Indian Ocean Island Games (French: Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien) is a quadrennial multi-sport event from Indian Ocean island nations. The Games was created by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1977 and currently gather the island nations and territories of Mauritius, Seychelles, Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte, Réunion and the Maldives. The number of athletes who participate has increased over the years, it went from 1000 athletes in 1979 to over 1500 participants in 2003 and 2007 and over 2000 participants in 2019.
2014 MuchMusic Video Awards
The 2014 MuchMusic Video Awards (MMVAs) was held on June 15, 2014 outside the Much headquarters in downtown Toronto. Kendall Jenner and Kylie Jenner served as co-hosts for the show.

The ceremony, which marked the 25th edition of the MMVAs, was simulcast live on Much and CTV.

Serena Ryder
Serena Lauren Ryder (born December 8, 1982) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. Born in Toronto, she grew up in Millbrook, Ontario. Ryder first gained national recognition with her ballad "Weak in the Knees" in 2007 and has released eight studio albums.
Nikola Babić (politician)
Nikola Babić (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Бабић; born 1942) is a Serbian politician from the country's Bunjevac community. He was the first leader of Serbia's Bunjevac National Council, serving in the role from 2002 to 2010, and was later a council vice-president for most of the period from 2010 to 2022. He also served in the Vojvodina provincial assembly from 1992 to 1993 and the Subotica city assembly from 1996 to 2000. Babić was the leader of the Bunjevac-Šokac Party (BŠS) for several years but was expelled from the successor Bunjevac Party in 2005.

Assembly of Vojvodina
The Assembly of Vojvodina (Serbian: Скупштина Војводине, romanized: Skupština Vojvodine), formally the Assembly of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Serbian: Скупштина Аутономне Покрајине Војводине, romanized: Skupština Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine), is the legislative body of Vojvodina, an autonomous province of Serbia.

The assembly is composed of 120 deputies who are proportionally elected to four-year terms by secret ballot. The current assembly was elected in 2023 provincial elections. The assembly elects a president (speaker) who presides over the sessions, currently Juhász Bálint of the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians.
Manesus
Manesus (also spelled Manesos; fl. first half of the 2nd century AD) was a Parthian prince, who served as military governor and official (strategos and bidaxsh) of Parthian-ruled Mesopotamia and Parapotamia, in addition to being the ruler of the Arabs (arabarch) who lived in those areas. He was also collector of customs (παρ[αλή](πτου); perhaps a derivation of Iranian păhrbed). He held these posts during the reign of King Vologases III (r. 110–147).

Manesus was the son of the Parthian King Phraates and was active in the aftermath of Trajan's Parthian campaign. He is attested in a Greek parchment from Dura-Europos (in modern-day Syria), dated to 120/1 AD (Μανήσου τοῦ Φραάτου τῶν Βατησα καὶ τ[ῶν] / [ἐλεύθε]ρων παρ[αλή](πτου) καὶ στρατηγοῦ Μεσοποταμίας καὶ Παραποταμίας καὶ ἀραβάρχου).

Iranian languages
The Iranian languages, or the Iranic languages, are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family that are spoken natively by the Iranian peoples, mainly in the Iranian Plateau.

The Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE – 900 CE) and New Iranian (since 900 CE). The two directly attested Old Iranian languages are Old Persian (from the Achaemenid Empire) and Old Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Avesta predates Old Iranian language, Old Avestan (c. 1500 – 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – 400 BCE). Of the Middle Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Middle Persian (from the Sasanian Empire), Parthian (from the Parthian Empire), and Bactrian (from the Kushan and Hephthalite empires).
Yuliya Samoylova (singer)
Julia Olegovna Samoilova (Russian: Ю́лия Оле́говна Само́йлова, IPA: [ˈjʉlʲɪjə ɐˈlʲeɡəvnə sɐˈmojləvə]; born 7 October 1989), sometimes credited as Yulia Samoilova or Julia Samoylova, is a Russian singer-songwriter. In early 2017, she was selected to represent Russia in the 2017 edition of the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Flame Is Burning", but was subsequently banned from the contest's host country, Ukraine, due to violating Ukrainian law by entering Crimea through Russia in 2015, shortly after the region was annexed by Russia. In response to the ban, Russia ultimately withdrew from the contest. The following year, Samoylova was instead chosen to represent her country in the 2018 edition of the contest in Portugal. Performing "I Won't Break", she placed 15th out of 18 contestants in the second semi-final, failing to qualify for the grand final. "I Won't Break" was the first Russian entry not to reach the final since the introduction of semi-finals in 2004.

Annexation
Annexation, in international law, is the forcible acquisition and assertion of legal title over one state's territory by another state, usually following military occupation of the territory. In current international law, it is generally held to be an illegal act. It is distinct from the concepts of conquest, which describes the gaining of physical control, and cession, in which territory is given or sold through treaty.

Annexation can be legitimized if generally recognized by other states and international bodies.

The illegality of annexation means that states carrying out such acts usually avoid using the word annexation in describing their actions; in each of the unresolved annexations by Israel, Morocco and Russia, the states have avoided characterizing their actions as such.
Wölpe
Wölpe is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 17 km (11 mi) long and a left tributary of the Alpe.

The Wölpe has its source in a depression southeast of Erichshagen-Wölpe, a village in the borough of Nienburg and flows towards the northeast. In front of Rethem the Weiße Graben ("White Ditch") links the Wölpe with the Alpe. The Alpe-Wolpe-Umfluter then discharges into the Aller near Wohlendorf in the borough of Rethem. The waterway has been considerably straightened. It flows through woods, grassland and cultivated fields. According to the 2000 Water Quality Chart issued by the NLWKN it is critically polluted throughout (quality class II−III).

Rethem
Rethem (German: [ˈʁeːtəm] ⓘ) is a town in the Heidekreis in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Aller, approx. 25 km southwest of Bad Fallingbostel, and 18 km southeast of Verden.  The town was the scene of heavy fighting over the period 10–11 April 1945 between units of the British 53rd Welsh Division and parts of the German 2. Marine-Infanterie-Division with heavy losses on both sides. Most of the German soldiers were not older than 23 years.

Rethem is the seat of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") Rethem/Aller.
Juan Guas
Juan Guas (c. 1430-33 – c. 1496) was a Spanish artist and architect of Breton origin. He worked in a group of architects to create the Isabelline style. Born in Saint-Pol-de-Léon, he moved to Spain when he was young, and is often thought to have been Spanish. Among his notable buildings are:

Monasterio de San Juan de los Reyes, Toledo

Palacio del Infantado, Guadalajara

Segovia Cathedral - Guas worked on the original cathedral and his cloister and part of his facade were transferred to the new site and rebuilt next to Hontañon's cathedral church a generation later.

Castle of Belmonte.

Colegio de San Gregorio

Monastery of El Paular, Cloister.

Saint-Pol-de-Léon
Saint-Pol-de-Léon (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ pɔl də leɔ̃]; Breton: Kastell-Paol) is a commune in the Finistère department in Brittany in north-western France, located on the coast.

It is noted for its 13th-century cathedral on the site of the original founded by Saint Paul Aurelian in the 6th century. It has kept a unique architecture, such as Notre-Dame du Kreisker Chapel, an 80 m high chapel, which is the highest in Brittany. It was also the scene of a battle during the Breton War of Succession, where the Montfortists and their English allies defeated an army led by Charles of Blois.

It is the largest vegetable producer and farmers market in Brittany responsible for 90% of French artichoke production and exports tens of thousands of vegetables to the whole of Europe every year.
East Branch Whiteface River
The East Branch of the Whiteface River is a 1.9-mile-long (3.1 km) stream in the White Mountains of New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Whiteface River, part of the Saco River watershed.

The East Branch, never larger than a brook, drains the southwestern slopes of Mount Whiteface, a 4,020-foot-high (1,230 m) summit in the Sandwich Range of the White Mountains. The stream begins within the town limits of Waterville Valley and flows south into Sandwich, where it joins the Whiteface River.

Sandwich, New Hampshire
Sandwich is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. Its population was 1,466 at the 2020 census. Sandwich includes the villages of Center Sandwich and North Sandwich. Part of the White Mountain National Forest is in the north, and part of Squam Lake is in the southwestern corner of the town. As such, Sandwich lies on the boundary between New Hampshire's Lakes Region and White Mountains Region. The Sandwich Range of the White Mountains lies partially within the town, as does the namesake Sandwich Mountain. The town is home to the Sandwich Fair, a popular agricultural fair that occurs every October.
Emily Bold
Emily Bold (born 2 March 1980) is a German writer who lives in Bavaria. She writes romantic historical novels and stories for young adults, some of which have been translated into English. She became a best selling author in 2011 with Gefährliche Intrigen (Dangerous Intrigue).

Bold has been writing novels since 2008. In May 2011, she published her first novel, Gefährliche Intrigen, on Kindle. As a result, it soon became a best seller. Her other works are also available as eBooks as well as paperbacks. When publishing on Kindle, she handles all the formatting and cover design herself. She also makes use of Facebook and other social media sites to promote the marketing of her works.

Amazon Kindle
Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines,  Audible audiobooks, and other digital media via wireless networking to the Kindle Store. The hardware platform, which Amazon subsidiary Lab126 developed, began as a single device in 2007. Currently, it comprises a range of devices, including e-readers with E Ink electronic paper displays and Kindle applications on all major computing platforms. All Kindle devices integrate with Windows and macOS file systems and Kindle Store content and, as of March 2018, the store had over six million e-books available in the United States.