hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kim Su-gil
Kim Su-gil (김수길, born 1950) is a North Korean general and politician who has served as the Chief Secretary of the Pyongyang Municipal Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea since January 2023. He was the director of the General Political Bureau of the Korean People's Army (KPA) from when he replaced Kim Jong-gak in May 2018 until January 2021.

Jiang (rank)
Jiang (formerly romanized chiang and usually translated general or, for navies, admiral) is a general officer (or flag officer for navies) rank used by China and Taiwan. It is also used as jang in North and South Korea, shō in Japan, and tướng in Vietnam.
Prisoner abuse
Prisoner abuse is the mistreatment of persons while they are under arrest or incarcerated. Prisoner abuse can include physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, torture, or other acts such as refusal of essential medication, and it can be perpetuated by either fellow inmates or prison faculty.

Strip search
A strip search is a practice of searching a person for weapons or other contraband suspected of being hidden on their body or inside their clothing, and not found by performing a frisk search, but by requiring the person to remove some or all clothing. The search may involve an official performing an intimate person search and inspecting their personal effects and body cavities (mouth, vagina, rectum, etc.). A strip search is more intrusive than a frisk and requires legal authority. Regulations covering strip searches vary considerably and may be mandatory in some situations or discretionary in others.

A strip search of a suspect of a recent violent crime  may additionally be useful for finding blood of the victim, signs of a fight, etc.
Node (physics)
A node is a point along a standing wave where the wave has minimum amplitude.  For instance, in a vibrating guitar string, the ends of the string are nodes.  By changing the position of the end node through frets, the guitarist changes the effective length of the vibrating string and thereby the note played. The opposite of a node is an antinode, a point where the amplitude of the standing wave is at maximum.  These occur midway between the nodes.

Organ pipe
An organ pipe is a sound-producing element of the pipe organ that resonates at a specific pitch when pressurized air (commonly referred to as wind) is driven through it. Each pipe is tuned to a note of the musical scale. A set of organ pipes of similar timbre comprising the complete scale is known as a rank; one or more ranks constitutes a stop.
Motoaki Inukai
Motoaki Inukai (犬飼 基昭, Inukai Motoaki; born 5 July 1942 in Saitama, Saitama Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese former association football player. He played for Mitsubishi Motors. He was the eleventh President of Japan Football Association from 2008 to 2010.

Saitama Prefecture
Saitama Prefecture (埼玉県, Saitama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Saitama Prefecture has a population of 7,338,536 (January 1, 2020) and has a geographic area of 3,797 km2 (1,466 sq mi). Saitama Prefecture borders Tochigi Prefecture and Gunma Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the west, Yamanashi Prefecture to the southwest, Tokyo to the south, Chiba Prefecture to the southeast, and Ibaraki Prefecture to the northeast.

Saitama is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kawaguchi, Kawagoe, and Tokorozawa.
Hyde Park (town), Vermont
Hyde Park is a town in and the shire town (county seat) of Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for Captain Jedediah Hyde, an early landowner who was a veteran of the American Revolutionary War. The population was 3,020 at the 2020 census. There is also a village of the same name within the town.

Morrisville, Vermont
Morrisville is a village in the town of Morristown, Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the village population was 2,086. Morrisville has two country clubs, a hospital, a school featuring Greek architecture and an airport. Morrisville is the headquarters for Union Bank and Concept2.
2016 La Course by Le Tour de France
The 2016 La Course by Le Tour de France was the third edition of La Course by Le Tour de France, a women's cycling race held in France. The race was held before the final stage of the 2016 Tour de France on 24 July, and was the twelfth event on the 2016 UCI Women's World Tour. The event was organised by ASO, which also organises the Tour de France.

It was won by Chloe Hosking of Wiggle High5 in a sprint finish.

Chloe Hosking
Chloe Hosking (born 1 October 1990) is an Australian professional racing cyclist. She holds the record for the most professional wins for an Australian woman with 39 professional wins in her career. Hosking has represented Australia at junior and then senior levels since 2007. Following success in a number of international events she turned professional in 2010. She competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's road race, and won the women's road race at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
Michel Lescanne
Michel Lescanne is a French food processing engineer jointly responsible for the invention of the ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) Plumpy'nut in 1996, and presently serves as president and chief executive officer (CEO) of the French pharmaceutical manufacturer Nutriset.

Nutriset
Nutriset is the French manufacturer and trademark  owner of Plumpy'nut, the peanut-based food for use in famine relief. It was formulated in 1997 by André Briend, a French pediatric nutritionist. The majority of Plumpy'nut is produced in a Nutriset factory in Malaunay, and Unicef purchases 90 percent of the supply from that factory for humanitarian aid.
Moneses
Moneses uniflora, the one-flowered wintergreen (British Isles), single delight, wax-flower, shy maiden, star of Bethlehem (Aleutians), St. Olaf's candlestick (Norway), wood nymph, or frog's reading lamp, is a plant of the family of  Ericaceae, that is indigenous to moist coniferous forests in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere from Spain to Japan and across North America. It is the sole member of genus Moneses.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Murder in Vienna
Murder in Vienna is a 1956 detective novel by E.C.R. Lorac, the pen name of the British writer Edith Caroline Rivett. It is the forty second in her long-running series featuring Chief Inspector MacDonald of Scotland Yard, one of the more conventional detectives of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. It has an unusual foreign setting, post-war Vienna at the time when the Allied occupants were leaving the country as a consequence of the Austrian State Treaty, compared to the rest of the series which generally takes place in London or the English countryside. Maurice Richardson reviewing the novel for The Observer described it as the "usual solid job".

Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty (German: Österreichischer Staatsvertrag [ˈøːstɐraɪçɪʃɐ ˈʃtaːtsfɐˌtraːɡ] ⓘ) or Austrian Independence Treaty established Austria as a sovereign state. It was signed on 15 May 1955 in Vienna, at the Schloss Belvedere among the Allied occupying powers (France, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the Soviet Union) and the Austrian government. The neighbouring Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia acceded to the treaty subsequently. It officially came into force on 27 July 1955.

Its full title is "Treaty for the re-establishment of an independent and democratic Austria, signed in Vienna on 15 May 1955" (German: Staatsvertrag betreffend die Wiederherstellung eines unabhängigen und demokratischen Österreich, unterzeichnet in Wien am 15. Mai).
Bekir Pasha (Bosnia)
Bekir Pasha[a] (fl. 1800–07) was an Ottoman governor with the rank of pasha who notably governed the Bosnia Eyalet as Vali from September 1801 to January 1805. He was sent by the Porte to pacify the Sanjak of Smederevo ("Belgrade Pashalik") which was caught up in armed conflict between the Serbs and the Dahije, the renegade Janissaries that had wrested the Pashalik in 1801 and ruled in tyranny.

Pasha
Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: پاشا; Turkish: paşa; Arabic: باشا, romanized: basha) was a high rank, aristocratic title in the Ottoman political and military system, typically granted to governors, generals, dignitaries, and others  issued by the Sultan carrying the tughra (imperial seal). Pasha, in one of its various ranks, is equivalent to the British title of Lord. Pasha was also one of the highest titles in the 20th-century Kingdom of Egypt and it was also used in Morocco in the 20th century, where it denoted a regional official or governor of a district.
Aguinaldo's Breakfast
Aguinaldo's Breakfast and More Looking Back Essays is a book by Filipino writer Ambeth Ocampo. It contains his Philippine Daily Globe columns which were not published in his earlier books. It also includes longer pieces that were published in the Weekend Magazine, the Sunday supplement of the now-defunct Philippines Daily Press, and pieces from the Sunday Inquirer Magazine. Written between 1986 and 1989, his essays are collected under four headings: Life in the Spanish Philippines; Food and Other Pleasures, I am Like a Camera: Profiles; and Words, Image and Music. Among the interviews and profiles are those about Teodoro Agoncillo, Dely Atay-atayan, Guillermo Tolentino, Jose Maria Sison, Galo Ocampo and others.

Dely Atay-Atayan
Adelaida Fernando-Villegas (born Adelaida Marquez Fernando; March 17, 1914 – August 30, 2004), better known as Dely Atay-Atayan or Adelaida Fernando, was a Filipina comedian and singer. Her career in entertainment spanned seven decades, beginning in bodabil and ending in television.
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act
The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 (BAPCPA) (Pub. L. 109–8 (text) (PDF), 119 Stat. 23, enacted April 20, 2005) is a legislative act that made several significant changes to the United States Bankruptcy Code.

Referred to colloquially as the "New Bankruptcy Law", the Act of Congress attempts to, among other things, make it more difficult for some consumers to file bankruptcy under Chapter 7; some of these consumers may instead utilize Chapter 13.

It was passed by the 109th United States Congress on April 14, 2005, and signed into law by President George W. Bush on April 20, 2005. Provisions of the act apply to cases filed on or after October 17, 2005.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Mōri Toyomoto
Mōri Toyomoto (毛利 豊元, 1444–1476) was a Jizamurai of the province of Aki. He was the grandfather of Mōri Motonari. During the Ōnin War, he supported the Ōuchi clan and seized 16 territories.

In 1461–1462, Toyomoto defeated Hatakeyama Yoshinari's army in Kawachi and Kii.

During the year of 1465, Toyomoto then sent troops to assist Kobayakawa Hirohira when Ōuchi Masahiro invaded his holdings. During the fall of the same year, Ōuchi made an interventional against the current war between the Hosokawa and Kōno clans . At the request of the Ōuchi, Toyomoto then blocked the attack led by Masahiro.

Following the year of 1471, Toyotomo took advantage of the confusion generated by the Ōnin War to then establish himself under Ōuchi Masahiro, and pledging his allegiance to the Ōuchi clan.

Kawachi Province
Kawachi Province (河内国, Kawachi no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [kaꜜ.wa.tɕi (no kɯ.ɲi)], locally [ka.wa.tɕiꜜ]) was a province of Japan in the eastern part of modern Osaka Prefecture. It originally held the southwestern area that was split off into Izumi Province. It was also known as Kashū (河州).
Richard Roundtree
Richard Arnold Roundtree (July 9, 1942 – October 24, 2023) was an American actor. He was best known for his portrayal of private detective John Shaft in the 1971 film Shaft and four of its sequels, Shaft's Big Score! (1972), Shaft in Africa (1973), its 2000 sequel and its 2019 sequel, as well as the television series (1973–1974). He was also known for featuring in several TV series, including Roots, Generations, and Desperate Housewives.

Considered "the first black action hero", Roundtree was credited with having an impact on the rise of African American leading actors in Hollywood projects, thanks to his successful performances in the genre. His portrayal of Shaft as a bold, confident, and charismatic figure also influenced cinematic depictions of black men and black masculinity, a contrast to black men in films prior to Shaft having often been portrayed as mild-mannered or servile.

McFarland & Company
McFarland & Company, Inc., is an American independent book publisher based in Jefferson, North Carolina, that specializes in academic and reference works, as well as general-interest adult nonfiction.

Its president is Rhonda Herman. Its current Editor-in-Chief is Steve Wilson. Its former president and current President Emeritus is Robert Franklin, who founded the company in 1979.

McFarland employs a staff of about 50, and as of 2019 had published 7,800 titles. McFarland's initial print runs average 600 copies per book.
KFOY (AM)
KFOY (1060 kHz) is an AM radio station broadcasting a conservative talk radio format. Licensed to Sparks, Nevada, United States, the station serves the Reno–Sparks metropolitan area. The station is owned by Lotus Communications.

KFOY previously served as the Reno Spanish language affiliate for the San Francisco Giants Radio Network.  KFOY also served as the Reno Spanish affiliate for the Las Vegas Raiders Radio Network.

On September 5, 2022, KFOY changed its format to conservative talk, branded as "Radio For America".

Reno metropolitan area
The Reno–Sparks Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Western Nevada, anchored by the cities of Reno and Sparks. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 490,596.
Q (programming language from Kx Systems)
Q is a programming language for array processing, developed by Arthur Whitney. It is proprietary software, commercialized by KX Systems. Q serves as the query language for kdb+, a disk based and in-memory, column-based database. Kdb+ is based on the language k, a terse variant of the language APL. Q is a thin wrapper library around k, providing a more readable, English-like interface. One of the use cases is financial time series analysis, as one could do inexact time matches. An example is to match the a bid and the ask before that. Both timestamps slightly differ and are matched anyway.

Data orientation
Data orientation is the representation of tabular data in a  linear memory model such as in-disk or in-memory. The two most common representations are column-oriented (columnar format) and row-oriented (row format).

The choice of data orientation is a trade-off and an architectural decision in databases, query engines, and numerical simulations. As a result of these tradeoffs, row-oriented formats are more commonly used in online transaction processing (OLTP) and column-oriented formats are more commonly used in online analytical processing (OLAP).

Examples of column-oriented formats include Apache ORC, Apache Parquet, Apache Arrow, formats used by BigQuery, Amazon Redshift and Snowflake. Predominant examples of row-oriented formats include CSV, formats used in most relational databases (Oracle, MySQL etc.), the in-memory format of Apache Spark, and Apache Avro.
Walt Devoy
Walter Joseph Devoy (March 14, 1885 – December 17, 1953) was an American multi-sport athlete and executive.  He was Major League Baseball right fielder who played in 1909 with the St. Louis Browns.

In addition to his baseball career, Devoy played in the St. Louis Soccer League.  In 1923, he was an executive with the Ben Millers.

Right fielder
A right fielder, abbreviated RF, is the outfielder in baseball or softball who plays defense in right field. Right field is the area of the outfield to the right of a person standing at home plate and facing towards the pitcher's mound. In the numbering system used to record defensive plays, the right fielder is assigned the number 9.
Rombout Patent
The Rombout Patent was a Colonial era land patent issued by King James II of England in 1685 sanctioning the right of Francis Rombouts and his partners Stephanus Van Cortlandt and Jacobus Kip to own some 85,000 acres (34,000 ha) of land they had purchased from Native Americans.  The Patent included most of what is today's southern Dutchess County, New York.

It was the first of fourteen patents granted between 1685 and 1706 which came to cover the entirety of historic Dutchess County (which until 1812 included today's Putnam County).  The first eleven, granted between 1685 and 1697, covered every foot of Hudson River shoreline in the original county. The last three, 1703–1706, laid claim to the remaining interior lands.

Putnam County, New York
Putnam County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,668. The county seat is Carmel, within one of the county's six towns. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Putnam County is bordered by Dutchess County to the north, Connecticut and its county of Fairfield to the east,  Westchester County to the south, and the Hudson River and Orange County to the west. Midtown Manhattan is around a one-hour drive, and the county is included in the New York metropolitan area.

Putnam County was formed in 1812 from Dutchess County and is named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War.

It is one of the most affluent counties in America, ranked 21st by median household income, and 43rd by per-capita income, according to the 2012 American Community Survey and 2009–2013 American Community Survey, respectively.
Cristina Alberini
Cristina Maria Alberini is an Italian neuroscientist who studies the biological mechanisms of long-term memory. She is a Professor in Neuroscience at the Center for Neural Science in New York University, and adjunct professor at the Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, and Structural and Chemical Biology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York.

Her research focuses on understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the stabilization, storage, and consolidation of long-term memories. Another part of her research involved the study of memory retrieval and reconsolidation.

In 2017 she was elected to the Dana Alliance for Brain Initiatives and awarded the Lombardy Region Rosa Camuna Award in 2019. In 2022 she was appointed as a Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Chemical biology
Chemical biology is a scientific field at the interface of chemistry and biology that applies chemical methods to the study of biological systems. It involves the use of chemical techniques, analytical approaches, and often small molecules produced through synthetic chemistry to probe, characterize, and manipulate biological processes and systems at the molecular level.

Although it overlaps with biochemistry, which focuses on the chemistry of biomolecules and the regulation of biochemical pathways within and between cells, chemical biology is distinguished by its emphasis on the deliberate design and application of chemical tools to address biological questions.
Jacksonia arnhemica
Jacksonia arnhemica is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the Northern Territory. It is an erect, densely branched, delicate shrub, the end branches sharply-pointed phylloclades, with yellow flowers, and woody, hairy pods.

Phylloclade
Phylloclades and cladodes are flattened, photosynthetic shoots, which are usually considered to be modified branches. The two terms are used either differently or interchangeably by different authors. Phyllocladus, a genus of conifer, is named after these structures.  Phylloclades/cladodes have been identified in fossils dating from as early as the Permian.
2015 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series
The 2015 Rugby Europe Sevens Grand Prix Series was an Olympic qualification tournament for rugby sevens at the 2016 Summer Olympics which was held over three legs in the cities of Moscow, Lyon and Exeter.

The top team qualified directly to the Olympic Games, whereas the runner-up qualified to the Final Olympic Qualification Tournament in 2016. France won the 2015 Rugby Europe Men's Sevens Championship, and qualified directly to the 2016 Summer Olympics. Spain finished second and qualified directly to the Final 2016 Men's Olympic Qualification Tournament, avoiding the Rugby Europe Repechage Tournament.

This was the final time that the Rugby Europe Grand Prix Series acted as an olympic qualifying tournament. Qualification for the 2020 Summer Olympics consisted of a separate Stand-alone Olympic Qualifying tournament organised by Rugby Europe. Rugby sevens at the 2023 European Games acted as the 2024 Olympic Qualifying tournament  following Rugby Sevens debut within the European Games.

Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo took place from 26 July to 31 July 2021 at the Tokyo Stadium. 24 teams (12 each for men and women) competed in the tournament. The dates were modified due to the postponement of the Tokyo 2020 games as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
2012 Esiliiga
The 2012 season of the Esiliiga, the second level in the Estonian football system, is the twenty-third season in the league's history. The season officially began on 11 March 2012 and concluded on 4 November 2013. The previous league champions Tallinna Kalev were promoted to the Meistriliiga while Legion and Warrior were relegated to the II Liiga. For this season those three teams were replaced by Rakvere Tarvas from II liiga East/North division and Tartu SK 10 and Tammeka II from II liiga West/South division.

Esiliiga
The Esiliiga is the second division in the Estonian football league system. The Esiliiga is ranked below the Meistriliiga and above the Esiliiga B.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter time, the season starts in March and ends in November. The league features several reserve teams of Meistriliiga clubs. According to the rules set by the Estonian Football Association, reserve teams are ineligible for promotion to the Meistriliiga, but can play in the Estonian Cup.