hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Klaus Gamber
Klaus Gamber (23 April 1919 – 2 June 1989) was a German Catholic liturgist.

Gamber was born in Ludwigshafen am Rhein in 1919. He was the author of Die Reform der römischen Liturgie, which was subsequently translated into English and published as The Reform of the Roman Liturgy: Its Problems and Background. He was one of the principal intellectual critics of the liturgical reforms brought under the papacy of Paul VI. His critical work was praised by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (the later Pope Benedict XVI), and he is credited with being one of the academic inspirations behind the motu proprio Summorum Pontificum, allowing broader use of the 1962 Roman Missal.

Gamber died in Regensburg in 1989.

Motu proprio
In law, motu proprio (Latin for 'on his own impulse') describes an official act taken without a formal request from another party. Some jurisdictions use the term sua sponte for the same concept.

In Catholic canon law, it refers to a document issued by the pope on his own initiative and personally signed by him. Such a document may be addressed to the whole church, to part of it, or to some individuals. The first papal motu proprio was promulgated by Pope Innocent VIII in 1484. It continues to be a common form of papal rescript, especially when establishing institutions, making minor changes to law or procedure, and when granting favours to persons or institutions.
Tamási District
Tamási (Hungarian: Tamási járás) is a district in north-western part of Tolna County in Hungary. Tamási is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. The district is located in the Southern Transdanubia Statistical Region.

Tolna County
Tolna (Hungarian: Tolna vármegye, pronounced [ˈtolnɒ]; German: Komitat Tolnau) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in present-day Hungary as it was in the former Kingdom of Hungary. It lies in central Hungary, on the west bank of the river Danube. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties of Somogy, Fejér, Bács-Kiskun, and Baranya. The capital of Tolna county is Szekszárd. Its area is 3,703 km2.
Ping Koy Lam
Ping Koy Lam FAA is an Australian scientist and Professor of Physics at the Australian National University in Canberra. He is currently an Australian Research Council Australian Laureate Fellow and a work package director and program manager in the ARC Centre for Quantum Computer and Communication Technology. For his PhD thesis in 1999 he was awarded the Australian Institute of Physics Bragg Medal. He was awarded the 2003 British Council Eureka Prize for inspiring science (quantum teleportation) and the 2006 UNSW Eureka Prize for innovative research (quantum cryptography).

He researches quantum optics, optical metrology, nonlinear optics and quantum information. His highly cited research includes pioneering work in quantum memory, and optical quantum information processing.

In May 2020 he was elected fellow of the Australian Academy of Science.

Quantum optics
Quantum optics is a branch of atomic, molecular, and optical physics and quantum chemistry that studies the behavior of photons (individual quanta of light). It includes the study of the particle-like properties of photons and their interaction with, for instance, atoms and molecules. Photons have been used to test many of the counter-intuitive predictions of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and teleportation, and are a useful resource for quantum information processing.
Ba space
In mathematics, the ba space  of an algebra of sets  is the Banach space consisting of all bounded and finitely additive signed measures on . The norm is defined as the variation, that is

If Σ is a sigma-algebra, then the space  is defined as the subset of  consisting of countably additive measures. The notation ba is a mnemonic for bounded additive and ca is short for countably additive.

If X is a topological space, and Σ is the sigma-algebra of Borel sets in X, then  is the subspace of  consisting of all regular Borel measures on X.

Field of sets
In mathematics, a field of sets is a mathematical structure consisting of a pair  consisting of a set  and a family  of subsets of  called an algebra over  that contains the empty set as an element, and is closed under the operations of taking complements in  finite unions, and finite intersections.

Fields of sets should not be confused with fields in ring theory nor with fields in physics. Similarly the term "algebra over " is used in the sense of a Boolean algebra and should not be confused with algebras over fields or rings in ring theory.

Fields of sets play an essential role in the representation theory of Boolean algebras. Every Boolean algebra can be represented as a field of sets.
Herbert Wernicke
Herbert Wernicke (24 March 1946 – 16 April 2002) was a German opera director and a set and costume designer. He was born in Auggen, Baden-Württemberg. He studied piano, flute, and directing at the conservatory in Braunschweig and set design at the academy in Munich. After starting out as set and costume designer in Landshut and Wuppertal, and directing his first play in Darmstadt, he directed his first opera, Handel's Belshazzar, in 1978 in Darmstadt. The majority of Wernicke's artistic work was at the theater in Basel, where he lived since 1990.

On 16 April 2002 Wernicke died unexpectedly at age 56 after a short, serious illness in the hospital in Basel. On 5 May 2002 Theater Basel premiered Israel in Egypt in the fragmentary form left by Wernicke at his death. He was buried in a cemetery in Auggen, his birth city.

Theater Basel
Theater Basel is the municipal theatre of the city of Basel, Switzerland, which is home to the city's opera and ballet companies. The theatre also presents  plays and musicals in addition to operas and operettas.

Because the theatre does not have its own orchestra, the Basel Symphony Orchestra is usually contracted to perform for opera and ballet productions as needed. For baroque-opera productions, La Cetra, the baroque orchestra of the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis, is engaged.
Milkwater
Milkwater is a 2020 American LGBTQ comedy drama independent film written and directed by Morgan Ingari, in her feature film debut. It stars Molly Bernard, Ava Eisenson, Patrick Breen, Bryn Carter, Bianca Castro and Robin de Jesús. The film had its world premiere at the Brooklyn Film Festival in June 2020, and had additional screenings at the Provincetown International Film Festival, Atlanta Film Festival and the Nashville Film Festival. The movie was released to streaming services on May 21, 2021. The film takes its title from the poem The Consecrating Mother by poet Anne Sexton. Ingari said she created the film with a team of entirely female department heads. Molly Bernard who stars in the film, also served as an executive producer. The movie was filmed on location in Brooklyn.

Nashville Film Festival
The Nashville Film Festival (NashFilm), held annually in Nashville, Tennessee, was established in 1969. It is the longest-running film festival in the American South and among the oldest in the United States.

In 2024, the festival received more than 3,800 submissions from over 100 countries and programmed 183 films. Attendance has grown to nearly 15,000.

The festival offers 15 film competition categories, with Academy Award qualifying status in the narrative, documentary, and animated short categories, as well as Screenwriting and Pitch Competitions. In addition to seven days of film screenings, the festival provides industry panels, networking events, music showcases, parties and receptions.
1994 Campionati Internazionali di Sicilia – Doubles
Sergio Casal and Emilio Sánchez were the defending champions, but lost in the quarterfinals to Jordi Arrese and Wayne Arthurs.

Tom Kempers and Jack Waite won the title by defeating Neil Broad and Greg Van Emburgh 7–6, 6–4 in the final.

Jordi Arrese
Jordi Arrese i Castañé (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈʒɔɾði əˈrezəj kəstəˈɲe]; born 29 August 1964) is a former professional tennis player from Spain.

Born in Barcelona, Arrese won the men's singles silver medal at the 1992 Olympic Games in his home town. In the final, he was defeated in a marathon five-set match by Marc Rosset of Switzerland, 7–6, 6–4, 3–6, 4–6, 8–6.

During his career, Arrese won six top-level singles and four tour doubles titles, and reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 23.
Jalmenus clementi
Jalmenus clementi, the turquoise hairstreak or Clement's blue, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. The species was first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1902. It is found along the north-west coast of Western Australia.

The larvae feed on various Acacia species, including A. alexandri, A. inaequilatera and A. tetragonophylla.

The caterpillars are attended by ants of the genus Iridomyrmex.

Hamilton Herbert Druce
Hamilton Herbert Charles James Druce (26 October 1866 – 21 June 1922) was an English entomologist who specialised in Lycaenidae and to a lesser extent Hesperiidae. He is not to be confused with his father, the English entomologist Herbert Druce (1846–1913) who also worked on Lepidoptera.

H. H. Druce was a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and of the Entomological Society of London.

The H. H. Druce collection was sold to James John Joicey and is now in the Natural History Museum in London.
Prince George of Wales
Prince George of Wales (George Alexander Louis; born 22 July 2013) is a member of the British royal family. He is the eldest child of William, Prince of Wales, and Catherine, Princess of Wales, and the eldest grandchild of King Charles III and Diana, Princess of Wales. He is second in the line of succession to the British throne behind his father.

George was born at St Mary's Hospital, London, during the reign of his paternal great-grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II, and was third in line before her death. His birth was widely celebrated across the Commonwealth realms due to the expectation that he will eventually become king.

Kensington Palace
Kensington Palace is a royal residence situated within Kensington Gardens in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England. It has served as a residence for the British royal family since the 17th century and is currently the official London residence of several royals, including the Prince and Princess of Wales, the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, the Duke of Kent, Prince and Princess Michael of Kent, and Princess Eugenie alongside her husband, Jack Brooksbank. The term "Kensington Palace" is often used as a metonym for the offices of the royals who reside there.

Today, the State Rooms of Kensington Palace are open to the public and are managed by Historic Royal Palaces, an independent charity that operates without public funding. The palace's offices and private living quarters remain the responsibility of the Royal Household. Additionally, Kensington Palace showcases numerous paintings and other artifacts from the Royal Collection.
20th United States Colored Infantry Regiment
The 20th United States Colored Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was composed of African American enlisted men commanded by white officers and was authorized by the Bureau of Colored Troops which was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863.

Bureau of Colored Troops
The Bureau of Colored Troops was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863, under General Order No. 143, during the Civil War, to handle "all matters relating to the organization of colored troops." Major Charles Warren Foster was chief of the Bureau, which reported to Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas. The designation United States Colored Troops replaced the varied state titles that had been given to the African-American soldiers.
Ruben Sommaruga
Ruben Sommaruga (born 1962) is an Uruguayan-Austrian limnologist and University Full Professor at the Institute of Ecology at the University of Innsbruck, Austria, where he served as director from 2012 to 2020.

University of Innsbruck
The University of Innsbruck (German: Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck; Latin: Universitas Leopoldino Franciscea) is a public research university in Innsbruck, the capital of the Austrian federal state of Tyrol, founded on October 15, 1669.

It is the largest education facility in the Austrian Bundesland of Tirol, and the third largest in Austria behind the University of Vienna and the University of Graz. Significant contributions have been made in many branches, most of all in the physics department.
Fire in the Lake
Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam (1972) is a book by American journalist Frances FitzGerald (1940-) about Vietnam, its history and national character, and the United States warfare there. It was initially published by both Little, Brown and Company and Back Bay Publishing. The book was ranked by critics as one of the top books of the year, it was on the New York Times bestseller list for more than 10 weeks, and it won the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, the Bancroft Prize for history, the National Book Award and the Hillman Prize. It was published in paperback in 1973 by Vintage Books.

Little, Brown and Company
Little, Brown and Company is an American publishing company founded in 1837 by Charles Coffin Little and James Brown in Boston. It publishes works by American authors. Early lists featured Emily Dickinson's poetry and Bartlett's Familiar Quotations. Since 2006, Little, Brown and Company is a division of the Hachette Book Group.
26th Golden Melody Awards
The 26th Golden Melody Awards (Chinese: 第26屆金曲獎) ceremony for popular music category was held on June 27, 2015. The TTV network broadcast the show live from the Taipei Arena in Taipei, Taiwan. The ceremony recognized the best recordings, compositions, and artists of the eligibility year, which runs from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014.

Karen Mok
Karen Joy Morris (Chinese: 莫文蔚; pinyin: Mò Wénwèi; Jyutping: Mok6 Man4wai3; born 2 June 1970), better known as Karen Mok, is a Hong Kong actress and singer. She is considered one of the leading East Asian pop singers and actresses with a career spanning three decades. Mok is the first female Hong Kong singer to win the Golden Melody Award, and to date has won it three times.

Mok has released 18 solo studio albums, starred in over 50 movies, and has over 15 million followers on leading Chinese social media site Weibo. The Lhasa concert during The Ultimate Karen Mok Show (2018–2021) set the Guinness World Record for the Highest Altitude Mass-Attended Music Concert. In 2024, Mok was the first female singer to do a solo concert in Beijing National Stadium, the Bird's Nest.
Grorud Church
Grorud Church is a cruciform church from 1902 located on the upper Grorud in Grorud in Oslo, Norway. The church is located on a hill and is visible from many parts of the Grorud Valley.  The building is made  of local Grorud Granite stone (Grefsensyenitt) and has 500 seats. Stone walls' uneven appearance, which gives the wall a live appearance, because the stones varies between roughly hewn uneven surface, and smooth surface. The smooth cut stones are centered on the corners and windows.  Minister and landed on Linderud, Christian Pierre Mathiesen, gave the altar and baptismal silver dish to the church.

There is a cemetery in addition to the church.

Grorud Church is listed and protected by law by the Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage.

Norwegian Directorate for Cultural Heritage
The Directorate for Cultural Heritage (Norwegian: Riksantikvaren or Direktoratet for kulturminneforvaltning) is a government agency responsible for the management of cultural heritage in Norway. Subordinate to the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment, it manages the Cultural Heritage Act of June 9, 1978. The directorate also has responsibilities under the Norwegian Planning and Building Law.
Pauwels Sauzen–Bingoal
Pauwels Sauzen–Bingoal (UCI Code: PSB) is a UCI continental cycling team that is based in Belgium and races predominantly the cyclo-cross season. The team is named after its main sponsors Pauwels Sauzen, a condiment brand, and Bingoal, a Belgian sports betting website.

Condiment
A condiment is a preparation that is added to food, typically after cooking, to enhance the flavor, to complement the dish, or to impart a specific flavor. Such specific flavors generally add sweetness or pungency, or sharp or piquant flavors. The seasonings and spices common in many different cuisine arise from global introductions of foreign trade. Condiments include those added to cooking to impart flavor, such as barbecue sauce and soy sauce; those added before serving, such as mayonnaise in a sandwich; and those added tableside to taste, such as ketchup with fast food. Condiments can also provide other health benefits to diets that lack micronutrients.
Pailton Engineering Ltd
Pailton Engineering manufacture steering system components such as steering columns, steering shafts, drag links and ball joints and deliver around the world with sales offices in the UK, USA and Germany.

Steering column
Steering wheel

Steering column

Rack and pinion

Steering arm

Steering knuckle

The automotive steering column is a device intended primarily for connecting the steering wheel to the steering mechanism.
Pullen Park
Pullen Park is a 66.4-acre (0.27 km2) public park immediately west of downtown Raleigh, North Carolina. It is located on Ashe Avenue and is adjacent to the Main and Centennial campuses of North Carolina State University, covering an area between Western Boulevard and historic Hillsborough Street. Founded in 1887, Pullen Park is the oldest public park in North Carolina.

The park features picnic areas, a concessions stand along with several small rides including the Pullen Park Carousel, train, and kiddie boats. Pedal boats are also available for rent seasonally on the park's small lake. The Pullen Aquatic Center, Pullen Arts Center and Theatre in the Park are also located on the park grounds. It is one of the most famous and well-known parks in the Research Triangle region.

The East Coast Greenway, a 3,000 mile long system of trails connecting Maine to Florida, runs through Pullen Park.

C. P. Huntington
C. P. Huntington is a 4-2-4T type steam locomotive on static display at the California State Railroad Museum in Sacramento, California, USA.  It is the first locomotive purchased by the Southern Pacific Railroad, carrying that railroad's number 1, and it is named after one of the Big Four who founded it.
Waked
Waked (Arabic: واكد‎) is an Arabic surname, a variant of Waqid or Wajid (Arabic:  واقد), both meaning “brilliant” and/or “kindled”.

Notable people with the surname include:

Abdullah Al-Waked (born 1975), Saudi Arabian footballer

Amr Waked (born 1972), Egyptian actor

Mohammed Al-Waked (born 1991), Saudi Arabian footballer

Sharif Waked (born 1964), Palestinian artist

Vinícius Waked (born 1987), Brazilian freestyle swimmer

Abdullah Al-Waked
Abdullah Al-Waked Al-Shahrani (Arabic: عبد الله الواكد الشهراني; born 29 September 1975) is a Saudi Arabian football player.

He played most of his career for Al Shabab and Al Ittihad and is playing now with Al-Nasr.

He played for the Saudi Arabia national football team and was a participant at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. He participated in the 1996 Summer Olympics.
Ciermięcice
Ciermięcice [t͡ɕɛrmjɛnˈt͡ɕit͡sɛ] (formerly Tirmanz) is a village located in Poland, in the Opole Voivodeship, Głubczyce County and Gmina Głubczyce.

Potok Ciermięcicki, the left tributary of the Opava river, flows through the village.

Gmina Głubczyce
Gmina Głubczyce is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Głubczyce County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Głubczyce, which lies approximately 53 kilometres (33 mi) south of the regional capital Opole.

The gmina covers an area of 294.33 square kilometres (113.6 sq mi), and as of 2007, its total population was 22,316.
Eyring
Eyring is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Carl F. Eyring (1889–1951), American acoustic physicist

Henry Eyring (chemist) (1901–1981), Mexican-born American theoretical chemist

Henry Eyring (Mormon pioneer) (1835–1902)

Henry B. Eyring (born 1933), American educator and leader in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Henry J. Eyring (born 1963), president of Brigham Young University, Idaho

Henry Eyring (chemist)
Henry Eyring (February 20, 1901 – December 26, 1981) was a Mexico-born United States theoretical chemist whose primary contribution was in the study of chemical reaction rates and intermediates.
Eyring developed the Absolute Rate Theory or Transition state theory of chemical reactions, connecting the fields of chemistry and physics through atomic theory, quantum theory, and statistical mechanics.
Gaspar da Gama
Gaspar da Gama, also known as Gaspar da India and Gaspar de Almeida (c. 1444 – c. 1510), was an interpreter (língua in old Portuguese) and guide to several Portuguese exploratory fleets. He was of Jewish origin and was probably born in Poznań in the Kingdom of Poland. In 1498 he was taken captive aboard Vasco da Gama's fleet on its return voyage to Portugal from India. He was known to speak multiple languages including Hebrew and Chaldean, as well as a mixture of Italian and Spanish.

Language interpretation
Interpretation is translation from a spoken or signed language into another language, usually in real time to facilitate live communication. It is distinguished from the translation of a written text, which can be more deliberative and make use of external resources and tools.

The most common two modes of interpretation are simultaneous, which is performed contemporaneously with the expression of the source language, and consecutive, where the interpreted speech is heard only during associated breaks in the original speech.

Interpretation is an ancient human activity which predates the invention of writing.
Sacramento City Council
The Sacramento City Council is the governing body of the city of Sacramento, California. The council holds regular meetings at Sacramento City Hall on Tuesdays at 6:00 pm, with exceptions for holidays and other special cases.

Sacramento's city council is a nine-member mayor-council system of government. The council is composed of a mayor and eight council members, each of whom is elected to four-year terms from their respective districts. Sacramento's government is a "weak mayor" system in that the council retains executive and legislative authority. The management and operations of city affairs are not under the direct control of the mayor or the council; these matters are delegated to a city manager, who is appointed by Sacramento's Mayor and serves at the pleasure of the council.

Sacramento County Board of Supervisors
The Sacramento County Board of Supervisors  is the five-member governing board of Sacramento County, California.

Like all other counties in California, with the exception of the City and County of San Francisco, Sacramento is split into five districts and each district elects a supervisor every four years.
Hoover Nature Trail
The Hoover Nature Trail (HNT) is a crushed limestone rail trail in eastern Iowa that follows the old Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad route between Burlington and Cedar Rapids. The trail is a shared-use trail for bicycling, hiking, jogging, walking, cross-country skiing, and nature study, and it is 24 miles (39 km) long.

Portions of the trail are in varying stages of development, with sections near Ely, West Branch, Nichols, Columbus Junction, and Morning Sun completed. In 1990, a three-mile (4.8 km) section opened east of Morning Sun. Lately, there has been a renewed push to connect the HNT with other trails in eastern Iowa.

The trail is part of the American Discovery Trail, and when completed, the HNT will become Iowa’s longest recreational trail.

West Branch, Iowa
West Branch is a city in Cedar and Johnson counties in the U.S. state of Iowa. The population was 2,509 as of the 2020 census.  It is the birthplace of the only American president born in Iowa, Herbert Hoover.

The Johnson County portion of West Branch is part of the Iowa City metropolitan area.