hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doxifluridine
Doxifluridine (5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine) is a second generation nucleoside analog prodrug developed by Roche and used as a cytostatic agent in chemotherapy in several Asian countries including China and South Korea. Doxifluridine is not FDA-approved for use in the USA. It is currently being evaluated in several clinical trials as a stand-alone or combination therapy treatment.

Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME).

Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target.  This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects.
Warehouse Row Historic District
Warehouse Row Historic District is a historic district located in Cape Girardeau, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri. The district encompasses three contributing buildings constructed between 1864 and 1874 along the banks of the Mississippi River in downtown Cape Girardeau. All the buildings are constructed of brick.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Cape Girardeau, Missouri
Cape Girardeau (/dʒɪˈrɑːrdoʊ/ jirr-AR-doh, French: Cap-Girardeau [kap ʒiʁaʁdo] ⓘ; colloquially referred to as "Cape") is a city in Cape Girardeau and Scott counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 39,540 at the 2020 census, making it the 17th-largest city in the state. It is a principal city of the Cape Girardeau–Jackson metropolitan area with 97,517 residents. Cape Girardeau is the economic center of southeastern Missouri and the home of Southeast Missouri State University. It is located approximately 100 miles (160 km) southeast of St. Louis and 150 miles (240 km) north of Memphis, Tennessee.
Katie Hnida
Katharine Anne Hnida (/ˈnaɪdə/; born May 17, 1981) is an American former football player who became the first woman to score in an NCAA Division I-A game, college football's highest level. She accomplished this as placekicker for the University of New Mexico Lobos on August 30, 2003.

Hnida is the third woman to have scored in a college football game, after Liz Heaston, who played for NAIA Willamette University in 1997, and Ashley Martin, who played for NCAA Division I-AA Jacksonville State University in 2001. While at University of Colorado Boulder in 1999 she became the second woman to dress for a Division I-A game, and the first to do so for a bowl game.

Jacksonville State University
Jacksonville State University (JSU or Jax State) is a public university in Jacksonville, Alabama, United States. Founded in 1883, Jacksonville State offers programs of study in six academic schools leading to bachelor's, master's, education specialist, and doctorate degrees in addition to certificate programs and continuing education opportunities.

The university was founded as Jacksonville State Normal School, and in 1930, the name changed to Jacksonville State Teachers College, and again in 1957, to Jacksonville State College. The university began operating under its current name in 1966.

JSU currently has an enrollment of more than 9,000 students, with nearly 500 faculty members (more than 300 of whom are full-time). It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).
Ömer Barutçu
Ömer Barutçu (1942 – 2 December 2024) was a Turkish economist and politician. A member of the Justice Party and later the True Path Party, he served in the Grand National Assembly from 1977 to 1980 and again from 1987 to 2002, was Minister responsible for Youth and Sport from 1995 to 1996, and was minister of transport from 1996 to 1997.

Barutçu died on 2 December 2024, at the age of 82. Two days later, he was buried at Karşıyaka Cemetery in Ankara.

True Path Party
The True Path Party (Turkish: Doğru Yol Partisi, DYP) was a centre-right political party in Turkey, active from 1983 to 2007. For most of its history, the party's central figure was Süleyman Demirel, a former Prime Minister of Turkey who previously led the Justice Party (AP) before it was shut down in the aftermath of the 1980 military coup. The DYP was widely considered the successor of both the AP and the Democrat Party (DP), active in Turkey's early multi-party period.
Skigersta
Skigersta (Scottish Gaelic: Sgiogarstaigh) is a village to the south east of Ness on the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. It is the easternmost settlement in the Ness district and is 5km (3miles) southeast of the Butt of Lewis. Skigersta is situated within the parish of Barvas. There is a quay built in 1901 and a shingle beach. The area of Skigersta near the shore is called 'Lathamor'. To the south of Skigersta the moor begins and the road turns into a peat track; there are sheilings on the moor at Cuisiadar and if you follow the moor further south you reach the road at New Tolsta.

Butt of Lewis
The Butt of Lewis (Scottish Gaelic: Rubha Robhanais) is the most northerly point on the Island of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The headland, which lies in the North Atlantic, is frequently battered by heavy swells and storms and is marked by the Butt of Lewis Lighthouse. The nearest populated area is the village of Eoropie, about 1 mile (1.5 kilometres) to the south.

The road to the lighthouse passes a sheltered cove called Port Stoth. Southwest from the lighthouse is a natural arch called the "Eye of the Butt" (Scottish Gaelic: Sùil an Rubha).

It is claimed that the Butt of Lewis is one of the windiest locations in the United Kingdom.
Spafford, New York
Spafford is a town in Onondaga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 1,588. The town was named after Horatio Gates Spafford, a writer and founder of the local library. Spafford is in the southwestern corner of Onondaga County and is southwest of Syracuse.

Horatio Spafford
Horatio Gates Spafford (October 20, 1828, Troy, New York – September 25, 1888, Jerusalem) was an American lawyer and Presbyterian church elder. He is best known for penning the Christian hymn "It Is Well With My Soul" following the Great Chicago Fire (1871), and the deaths of his four daughters on a transatlantic voyage aboard the S.S. Ville du Havre.
Ken Hinkley
Ken Hinkley (born 30 September 1966) is a retired Australian rules footballer and coach who played for the Geelong and Fitzroy football clubs in the Australian Football League (AFL) from 1987 to 1995. Following his playing career Hinkley coached the Port Adelaide Football Club for thirteen seasons between 2013 and 2025, becoming the longest serving coach for the club since it entered the AFL in 1997.

Hinkley holds the VFL/AFL record for the most games coached at a single club without appearing in a grand final, and the fifth-most games coached without winning a premiership.

1992 AFL Grand Final
The 1992 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the West Coast Eagles and the Geelong Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 26 September 1992. It was the 96th annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League), staged to determine the premiers for the 1992 AFL season. The match, attended by 95,007 spectators, was won by West Coast by a margin of 28 points, marking that club's first premiership victory and the first by a team based outside the state of Victoria.
2007–08 KFC Cup
The 2007–08 KFC Cup was the 34th edition of the Regional Super50, the domestic limited-overs cricket competition for the countries of the West Indies Cricket Board (WICB). The competition was played between 16 and 28 October 2007, with the group stage hosted by Guyana and the play-offs hosted by Barbados.

Eight teams contested the competition – the six regular teams of West Indian domestic cricket (Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, and the Windward Islands), and two development teams (Combined Campuses and Colleges and the West Indies under-19 side). The Combined Campuses were competing for the first team. Jamaica eventually defeated Trinidad and Tobago in the final by 28 runs, winning their seventh domestic one-day title. Earlier in the tournament, the West Indies under-19s had been bowled out for 18 by Barbados, setting a new record for the lowest total in a List A match.

West Indies under-19 cricket team
The West Indies under-19 cricket team represents the countries of Cricket West Indies in international under-19 cricket. The West Indies is one of only five teams to have participated in every edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup, along with England, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

The Windies U19 got to the final of the 2004 World Cup held in Bangladesh, where they were runners-up to Pakistan. The Caribbean side eventually won the tournament for the first time in 2016, defeating India in the final, again held in Bangladesh.
Amelia B. Coppuck Welby
Amelia B. Coppuck Welby (née, Coppuck; pen name, Amelia; nickname, "Minstrel-girl"; February 3, 1819 - May 3, 1852) was a 19th-century American fugitive poet. In 1837, under the pen-name "Amelia," she contributed a number of poems to the Louisville "Journal," acquiring a reputation as a notable poet. She published in 1844 a small volume of poems, which quickly passed through several editions. It was republished in 1850, in New York City, in enlarged form, with illustrations by Robert Walter Weir. Though many of her poems were on the subject of death, including "The Bereaved", "The Dying Girl", "The Dying Mother",  "The First Death of the Household", "The Mournful Heart", and "Sudden Death", she was one of the most popular poets in the South before the Civil War.

Robert Walter Weir
Robert Walter Weir (June 18, 1803 – May 1, 1889) was an American artist and educator and is considered a painter of the Hudson River School. Weir was elected to the National Academy of Design in 1829 and was an instructor at the United States Military Academy. His best-known work is Embarkation of the Pilgrims in the United States Capitol rotunda in Washington, D.C. More than 450 of his works are known, and he created many unsigned paintings that may never be attributed to him.
René Janssen
René A.J. Janssen (born 1959 in Roermond, Netherlands) is a Dutch chemist who is Professor of the Moleculair Materials and Nanosystems group (M2N group) within the department of Chemical engineering and Chemistry at Eindhoven University of Technology.

In 2013 Janssen won a 2.5 million euro grant by the European Research Council to develop methods to produce solar energy systems at a lower cost.

In 2015 he was one of four winners of the Dutch Spinoza Prize. Part of Janssen's research focuses on plastic solar cells and the storage of solar energy in solar cells.

Since 2011 Janssen is member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbr. KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands. The academy is housed in the Trippenhuis in Amsterdam.

In addition to various advisory and administrative functions it operates a number of research institutes and awards many prizes, including the Lorentz Medal in theoretical physics, the Dr Hendrik Muller Prize for Behavioural and Social Science and the Heineken Prizes.
Rosie Webster
Rosie Webster is a fictional character from the ITV soap opera Coronation Street. The character has been played by two actresses: Emma Collinge from 1990 to 1999, and Helen Flanagan from 2000 to 2012, and from 2017 to 2018.

Rosie is the eldest daughter of Kevin (Michael Le Vell) and Sally Webster (Sally Dynevor), older sister to Sophie Webster (Ashleigh Middleton, Emma Woodward, Brooke Vincent), and older half-sister to Jack Webster and deceased Jake Webster. Throughout her storylines, Rosie has been involved in various conflicts, including a rivalry with younger sister Sophie and being kidnapped by John Stape (Graeme Hawley). Additionally, Rosie has had aspirations of becoming a model, which has been a significant storyline for her character.

Sally Dynevor
Sally Jane Dynevor (née Whittaker; born 30 May 1963) is an English actress, she is best known for her role as Sally Metcalfe in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street, which she has played since 1986. In 2022, Dynevor competed in the fourteenth series of Dancing on Ice.
Pongkawin Jungrungruangkit
Pongkawin Jungrungruangkit (Thai: พงศ์กวิน จึงรุ่งเรืองกิจ) is a Thai politician, serving as Minister of Labour since 2025. Pongkawin is the nephew of Suriya Juangroongruangkit, the Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand. He was born to a Thai Chinese family that traces its roots back to Fujian province. His Chinese surname is Zhuang (莊) in Mandarin Chinese.

Zhuang (surname)
Zhuang is the pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written 莊 in Traditional Chinese and 庄 in Simplified Chinese. It is usually romanized as "Chuang" in Taiwan in the Wade-Giles system. It is spoken in the first tone: Zhuāng.

Zhuang is listed 323rd in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. As of 2008, it is the 113th most common surname in China, shared by 1.6 million people.
John Craft (politician)
John Craft (May 20, 1847-?) was a politician in Alabama. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He became a businessman in Mobile, Alabama and was in the fruit trade with South America. He was a Democrat. He married. He was a Presbyterian.

He joined the Ku Klux Klan and was a "Redeemer". He served as an alderman in Mobile. He was in the grocery business and banana trade. He served in the Alabama Senate from 1918 to 1933.

A House Join Resolution in 1923 commended him for his road building efforts.

He supported betting on horse racing and a bill to repeal Alabama's "bone dry" law. He supported Senator Robinson's opposition to Senator Heflin.

He attended the dedication of the Saenger Theatre in Mobile. A section of Alabama State Route 5, the Craft Highway, is named for him.

Alabama State Route 5
State Route 5 (SR 5) is a 198-mile-long (319 km) south–north state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Alabama. Prior to the renumbering of the highways of Alabama in 1957, it extended from Mobile north to the Tennessee state line and was one of the major routes between Mobile and Birmingham. It has since been shortened to about half of its former length, having been superseded by newer highways such as Interstate 65 (I-65).
Barrie Zwicker
Barrie Wallace Zwicker (born November 5, 1934) is a Canadian alternative media journalist, documentary producer, and political activist.

He is best known for his documentary work, which has dealt primarily with 9/11 conspiracy theories.

VisionTV
VisionTV is a Canadian English language Category A specialty channel that broadcasts multi-faith, multicultural, and general entertainment programming aimed at the 45 and over demographic.

VisionTV is currently owned by ZoomerMedia, a company operated by Moses Znaimer. VisionTV's funding comes from cable subscription fees, viewer donations, advertising revenues and the sale of airtime to faith groups.
Ogallala, Nebraska
Ogallala is a city in and the county seat of Keith County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 4,878 at the 2020 census, up from 4,737 at the 2010 census. In the days of the Nebraska Territory, the city was a stop on the Pony Express and later along the transcontinental railroad. The Ogallala Formation that carries the Ogallala Aquifer was named after the city.

Nebraska Territory
The Territory of Nebraska was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854, until March 1, 1867, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Nebraska. The Nebraska Territory was created by the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854. The territorial capital was Omaha. The territory encompassed areas of what is today Nebraska, Wyoming, South Dakota, North Dakota, Colorado, and Montana.
Elizabeth Thompson
Elizabeth Southerden Thompson (3 November 1846 – 2 October 1933), later known as Lady Butler, was a British painter who specialised in painting scenes from British military campaigns and battles, including the Crimean War and the Napoleonic Wars. Her notable works include The Roll Call (purchased by Queen Victoria), The Defence of Rorke's Drift, and Scotland Forever! (showing the Scots Greys at Waterloo).  She wrote about her military paintings in an autobiography published in 1922: "I never painted for the glory of war, but to portray its pathos and heroism."

She married British Army officer William Butler, becoming Lady Butler after he was knighted.

Pathos
Pathos appeals to the emotions and ideals of the audience and elicits feelings that already reside in them. Pathos is a term most often used in rhetoric (in which it is considered one of the three modes of persuasion, alongside ethos and logos), as well as in literature, film and other narrative art.
Acura ARX-06
The Acura ARX-06 is a sports prototype racing car designed by Honda Racing Corporation USA, formerly known as Honda Performance Development (HPD), and built by Oreca. It is designed to the Le Mans Daytona h regulations, and competes in the GTP class in the IMSA SportsCar Championship since 2023. The car has a bespoke 2.4-liter twin-turbocharged V6 engine designated as the AR24e. The ARX-06 debuted alongside the BMW M Hybrid V8, Cadillac V-LMDh and Porsche 963 at the 2023 season opener of the IMSA SportsCar Championship at the Daytona International Speedway.

The ARX-06 won the 24 Hours of Daytona in 2023, the 12 Hours of Sebring in 2024 and Petit Le Mans in 2023, becoming the first car to win all three major IMSA endurance races during the GTP era.

Wayne Taylor Racing
Wayne Taylor Racing (WTR) is a sports car racing team that was founded in 2004 by racing driver Wayne Taylor. From 2023 to 2025, the team had a partnership with Andretti Autosport that also saw them rebrand as Wayne Taylor Racing with Andretti Autosport (WTRAndretti). The team currently competes in the IMSA SportsCar Championship, campaigning the No. 10 DEX Imaging and HP sponsored Cadillac V-Series.R for Filipe Albuquerque and Ricky Taylor and the No. 40 DEX Imaging-sponsored Cadillac V-Series.R for Jordan Taylor and Louis Delétraz in the GTP class, and the No. 45 Lamborghini Huracán GT3 EVO2 for Kyle Marcelli and Danny Formal in the GTD class, also sponsored by DEX Imaging.
Rogelio Flores Curiel
Rogelio Flores Curiel (1924-2008) was a Mexican army officer and politician who served as governor of the state of Nayarit, Mexico between 1976 and 1981.

Curiel attended Yale University and the Heroic Military Academy.

He was commander of the 13th Military Zone in Tepic and later the commander of the 15th Military Zone based in Guadalajara, Jalisco.

He was the chief of police in Mexico City when the Corpus-Christi Massacre (El Halconazo) took place. After this, he resigned and returned to his seat in the Senate of the Republic. Between 1976 and 1981, Curiel served Governor of Nayarit and was accused of electoral fraud.

Heroic Military Academy
The Heroic Military College (officially in Spanish: Heroico Colegio Militar) is the major military educational institution in Mexico. It was founded in 1823 and located in the former Palace of the Inquisition in Mexico City. Initially designated as the Cadet Academy, it was renamed in 1823 as the Colegio Militar. The college was relocated in Perote, Veracruz, before being returned to Mexico City, where it was established in the Betlemitas monastery (today occupied by the Interactive Museum of the Economy and the Museum of the Mexican Army and Air Force).  From 1835, the Military College was located in the Recogidas Building (destroyed by an earthquake in 1985). Cadets training for the Mexican Navy originally formed part of the student body, but in 1897, the Military Naval School was established as a separate institution in Veracruz.

The Military College comes under the supervision of the Mexican Army and Air Force University and the Army Military Education General Directorate.
Novoikhsanovo
Novoikhsanovo (Russian: Новоихсаново; Bashkir: Яңы Ихсан, Yañı İxsan) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chekmagushevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 138 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Chekmagushevsky District
Chekmagushevsky District (Russian: Чекмагу́шевский райо́н; Bashkir: Саҡмағош районы, romanized: Saqmağoş rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Dyurtyulinsky District in the north, Kushnarenkovsky District in the east, Blagovarsky District in the southeast, Buzdyaksky District in the south, Sharansky District in the southwest, Bakalinsky District in the west, and with Ilishevsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,692 square kilometers (653 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Chekmagush. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 30,780, with the population of Chekmagush accounting for 37.0% of that number.
Maltoside
A maltoside is a glycoside with maltose as the glycone (sugar) functional group. Among the most common are alkyl maltosides, which contain hydrophobic alkyl chains as the aglycone. Given their amphiphilic properties, these comprise a class of detergents, where variation in the alkyl chain confers a range of detergent properties including CMC and solubility. Maltosides are most often used for the solubilization and purification of membrane proteins.

Alkyl group
In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.
The term alkyl is intentionally unspecific to include many possible substitutions. 
An acyclic alkyl has the general formula of −CnH2n+1. A cycloalkyl group is derived from a cycloalkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from a ring and has the general formula −CnH2n−1.
Typically an alkyl is a part of a larger molecule. In structural formulae, the symbol R is used to designate a generic (unspecified) alkyl group. The smallest alkyl group is methyl, with the formula −CH3.
Ann Elizabeth Isham
Ann Elizabeth Isham (January 25, 1862 – April 15, 1912) was a passenger aboard the RMS Titanic. She was one of four female first-class passengers to die when the ship sank.  An unsubstantiated rumor states she died because she did not want to leave her Great Dane behind; a woman was reportedly sighted in the water a few days later with her arms frozen around a dog.

Great Dane
The Great Dane is a German breed of large mastiff-sighthound, which descends from hunting dogs of the Middle Ages used to hunt bears, wild boar, and deer. They were also used as guardian dogs of German nobility. It is one of the two largest dog breeds in the world, along with the Irish Wolfhound.