hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chicano literature
Chicano literature is an aspect of Mexican-American literature that emerged from the cultural consciousness developed in the Chicano Movement. Chicano literature formed out of the political and cultural struggle of Chicana/os to develop a political foundation and identity that rejected Anglo-American hegemony. This literature embraced the pre-Columbian roots of Mexican-Americans, especially those who identify as Chicana/os.

Chicano literature first emerged in the mid-1960s and is notable for its early embrace of Spanglish in published literature as well as its use of hybrid forms and styles. Chicana/o writers often include earlier published literature as residing within or as being a precursor to the tradition. In addition to prose, Chicano poetry and playwriting are included as forms of Chicano literature.

Anglo-Americans
Anglo-Americans are a demographic group in Anglo-America. It typically refers to the predominantly European-descent nations and ethnic groups in the Americas that speak English as a native language, making up the majority of people in the world who speak English as a first language.
Boyhood's End
Boyhood's End is a cantata for tenor and piano composed by Michael Tippett in 1943, based on text by William Henry Hudson. Tippett wrote the piece for Peter Pears and Benjamin Britten, whose talent had impressed him during a rehearsal for My Beloved Spake. Pears and Britten performed Boyhood's End in June 1943 at Morley College; it was given its premiere, perhaps by someone else, on May 24 that year.

Morley College
Morley College is a specialist adult education and further education college in London, England. The college has three main campuses, one in Waterloo on the South Bank, and two in West London namely in North Kensington and in Chelsea, the latter two joining following a merger with Kensington and Chelsea College in 2020. There are also smaller centres part of the college elsewhere. Morley College is also a registered charity under English law. It was originally founded in the 1880s and has a student population of 11,000 adult students (as at 2019). It offers courses in a wide variety of fields, including art and design, fashion, languages, drama, dance, music, health and humanities.
Félicien M. Steichen
Félicien M. Steichen (October 13, 1926 – June 27, 2011) was a Luxembourgish-born American surgeon and Professor of Surgery.  He was a pioneer in the development and use of surgical staples.  He and Mark M. Ravitch are considered the fathers of modern surgical stapling.  Steichen was also noted for his contributions to the development of minimally-invasive surgery.

Surgical staple
Surgical staples are specialized staples used in surgery in place of sutures to close skin wounds or to resect and/or connect parts of an organ (e.g. bowels, stomach or lungs). The use of staples over sutures reduces local inflammation, the width of the wound, and the time it takes to close a defect.

A more recent development, from the 1990s, uses clips instead of staples for some applications; this does not require the staple to penetrate.
2019–20 Lebanese Second Division
The Lebanese Second Division (Arabic: الدوري اللبناني - الدرجة الثانية) is the second division of Lebanese football. It is controlled by the Lebanese Football Association. The top two teams qualify for the Lebanese Premier League and replace the relegated teams, while the bottom two are relegated to the Lebanese Third Division.

Sporting and Ansar Howara were promoted from the Third Division, while Bekaa and Racing Beirut were relegated from the Lebanese Premier League in 2018–19.

On 21 January 2020, the LFA decided to suspend all football leagues until further notice, and cancelled the three match days that were previously played (the last one being on 17 October 2019). The season was officially cancelled on 28 May 2020.

2018–19 Lebanese Premier League
The 2018–19 Lebanese Premier League season began on 21 September 2018 and concluded on 21 April 2019. 2018–19 was the 58th season of the Lebanese Premier League, the top Lebanese professional league for association football clubs in the country, established in 1934.

Ahed were the defending champions. Shabab Sahel and Chabab Ghazieh joined as the promoted clubs from the 2017–18 Lebanese Second Division. They replaced Shabab Arabi and Islah who were relegated to the 2018–19 Lebanese Second Division. Ahed won their third consecutive Lebanese Premier League title, and seventh overall, with two games to spare.
Petropavl
Petropavl (Kazakh: Петропавл (listenⓘ); Russian: Петропавловск, romanized: Petropavlovsk) is a city on the Ishim River in northern Kazakhstan close to the border with Russia. It is the capital of the North Kazakhstan Region. Population: 218,956. The city is also known in Kazakh as Kyzylzhar (Kazakh: Қызылжар, romanized: Qyzyljar, lit. 'Red cliff').

Petropavl is about 185 km (115 mi) from Kökşetau, 428 km (266 mi) northwest of the national capital Astana along the A1, and 261 km (162 mi) from Omsk.

Ishim (river)
The Ishim (Russian: Ишим, IPA: [ɪˈʂɨm]; Kazakh: Есіл, romanized: Esıl, IPA: [jesɪ́l]) is a river running through Kazakhstan and Russia. It is 2,450 kilometres (1,520 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 177,000 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi). Its average discharge is 56.3 cubic metres per second (1,990 cu ft/s). It is a left tributary of the Irtysh. The Ishim is partly navigable in its lower reaches. The upper course of the Ishim passes through Astana, the capital of Kazakhstan. In Russia, the course of the river travels through a vast marshland, and has countless meanders and oxbow lakes. The river freezes from late November until March.
Pookoya Thangal Memorial Government College
Pookoya Thangal Memorial Government College, is a general degree college located in Perinthalmanna, Malappuram district, Kerala. It was established in the year 1975. The college is affiliated with Calicut University. It offers various courses in arts, commerce and science.

Perinthalmanna
Perinthalmanna is a town and municipality in Malappuram district, Kerala, India. It serves as the administrative centre for the Perinthalmanna taluk, as well as a revenue division, a community development block, and a police sub-division bearing the same name. It was formerly the headquarters of the Kingdom of Valluvanad. The town is located 23 kilometres (14 mi) southwest of Malappuram at the centre of the Kozhikode–Palakkad National Highway 966.
Mirabi Valiyev
Mirabi Valiyev (Ukrainian: Мірабі Валієв; born 13 September 1970) is a Ukrainian former wrestler. A former European champion, Valiyev competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States and the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Amateur wrestling
Amateur wrestling is a variant of wrestling practiced at Olympic, collegiate, scholastic, and other levels. There are two international wrestling styles performed at the Olympic Games, freestyle and Greco-Roman, both of which are governed by the United World Wrestling (UWW).

At the middle school and high school levels in the United States, wrestlers compete in scholastic wrestling. In collegiate wrestling, there are minor differences in some scholastic wrestling rules.

The rapid rise in the popularity of the combat sport mixed martial arts (MMA) has increased interest in amateur wrestling due to its effectiveness within the sport and its consideration as a core discipline.
Oskars Melbārdis
Oskars Melbārdis (born 16 February 1988) is a former Latvian bobsledder who has competed since 2006. He is the most successful bobsledder in the history of his country, having won one gold and two bronze Olympic medals. He also earned the first-ever gold medal for Latvia at World Championships in Igls, preceded by one silver and two bronze medals in 2009–2015.

La Plagne
La Plagne (French pronunciation: [la plaɲ]) is a French ski area in the alpine valley of the Tarentaise (Savoie). Since 2003, La Plagne and the neighbouring resort of Les Arcs form the Paradiski ski area. It is currently owned by Compagnie des Alpes.

In 2014, La Plagne was named the most popular ski resort in the world with more than 2.5 million visitors a season on average.
South Broadway, Albuquerque
South Broadway is an inner-city neighborhood in Albuquerque, New Mexico, located southeast of Downtown. The neighborhood developed between the 1890s and early 1900s and has a housing stock consisting mainly of smaller Victorian homes and bungalows. It was historically a diverse working-class neighborhood and the center of the city's African American community. Along with other New Mexican cities such as  Clovis and Hobbs, the neighborhood is one of the centers of Black American culture and history in New Mexico.

Today, a sizeable African American community has presence in this area outering downtown Albuquerque, as well as the area near Highland High School, which is about 8% Black, as of 2021.

Hobbs, New Mexico
Hobbs is a city in Lea County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 40,508 at the 2020 census, increasing from 34,122 in 2010. It is the state's seventh-most populous city.

Hobbs is the principal city of the Hobbs, New Mexico micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Lea County.
Samuel Baum
Samuel Baum is an American actor, playwright, screenwriter and producer.  He served as the creator and executive producer of the Fox series Lie to Me (2009–2011).  He is also one of the co-creators of the ABC series The Evidence (2006).  He also co-wrote the 2017 HBO film The Wizard of Lies.  He is also an executive producer of the NBC series The Irrational (2023–2025).

Baum also wrote the play The Engagement Party, which won the 2018 Edgerton Foundation New Play Award.  The play had its world premiere at the Hartford Stage on January 10, 2019.

He graduated from Harvard College.

The Irrational
The Irrational is an American crime drama television series created by Arika Mittman. It is loosely based on the life of Dan Ariely, a behavioral economist and professor at Duke University, and his 2008 non-fiction book Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions. The show features Jesse L. Martin in the role of Alec Mercer, a behavioral scientist who, like Ariely, lends his expertise to governments, law enforcement, and corporations to solve complex issues. Co-stars include Molly Kunz as Pheobe, Alec's grad student, and Maahra Hill as Special Agent Marisa Clark.

Season one of The Irrational premiered on September 25, 2023, on NBC and season two began airing a year later, on October 8, 2024. With the series' premiere attracting over 3.8 million viewers, it received mixed reviews from critics and a 5.1/10 rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

In May 2025, the series was canceled after two seasons. The final episode aired with a cliffhanger on March 25, 2025.
Linda Pearson
Linda Pearson (born 6 March 1964) is a Scottish clay target shooter. She competed in the women's double trap event at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, winning the bronze medal. Linda has represented Great Britain in four different international clay target disciplines: Olympic Trap, Double Trap, Universal Trench and Compak Sporting.

Linda is the current British and Scottish record holder for the Double Trap discipline.

Compak Sporting
Compak Sporting is a form of clay pigeon shooting, similar to sporting clays but taking place in a smaller area.  The name Compak Sporting is a protected, registered trademark with a code of sports rules, owned by FITASC (Fédération Internationale de Tir aux Armes Sportives De Chasse).
Aston Magna
Aston Magna is a village located off Fosse Way in north Gloucestershire, England, between Moreton-in-Marsh and Shipston-on-Stour.  It forms part of the civil parish of Blockley and the Church of England parish of Blockley with Aston Magna in the diocese of Gloucester.  Aston Magna church itself is closed and now forms a private house.

Shipston-on-Stour
Shipston-on-Stour is a town and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon District in southern Warwickshire, England. It is located on the banks of the River Stour, 9 miles (15 km) south-southeast of Stratford-upon-Avon, 10 miles (16 km) north-northwest of Chipping Norton, 14 miles (22 km) south of Warwick and 14.5 miles (23 km) west of Banbury. In the 2021 census, Shipston-on-Stour had a population of 5,849.

This area is sometimes termed the Vale of Red Horse, close to the Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire borders.
The Man from Earth (short story collection)
The Man from Earth is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer Gordon R. Dickson.  It was first published by Tor Books in 1983.  The stories originally appeared in the magazines Analog Science Fiction and Fact, If, Astounding, Galaxy Science Fiction and Space Stories.

If (magazine)
If was an American science fiction magazine launched in March 1952 by Quinn Publications, owned by James L. Quinn.

The magazine was moderately successful, though for most of its run it was not considered to be in the first tier of American science fiction magazines. It achieved its greatest success under editor Frederik Pohl, winning the Hugo Award for best professional magazine three years running from 1966 to 1968. If published many award-winning stories over its 22 years, including Robert A. Heinlein's novel The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress and Harlan Ellison's short story "I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream". The most prominent writer to make his first sale to If was Larry Niven, whose story "The Coldest Place" appeared in the December 1964 issue.

If was merged into Galaxy Science Fiction after the December 1974 issue, its 175th issue overall.
Boyd B. Jones
Boyd B. Jones (October 13, 1856 – June 5, 1930) was an American attorney who served as the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts from 1897 to 1901. He later served on the faculty at the Boston University School of Law and was one of the founding members of the Sentinels of the Republic.

United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
The United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts (in case citations, D. Mass.) is the federal district court whose territorial jurisdiction is the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States.  The first court session was held in Boston in 1789.  The second term was held in Salem in 1790 and court session locations alternated between the two cities until 1813.  That year, Boston became the court's permanent home. A western division was opened in Springfield in 1979 and a central division was opened in Worcester in 1987.  The court's main building is the John Joseph Moakley Federal Courthouse on Fan Pier in South Boston.

Appeals from the District of Massachusetts are heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, also located in the Moakley courthouse (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).
International AI Safety Report
The First Independent International AI Safety Report is a report on the scientific state of research relevant to AI safety. It was published on 29 January 2025. The report assesses a wide range of risks posed by general-purpose AI and how to mitigate against them. The report was commissioned by the 30 nations attending the 2023 AI Safety Summit at Bletchley Park in the United Kingdom, in order to inform discussion at the 2025 AI Action Summit in Paris, France. The report was published by a cohort of 96 artificial intelligence experts led by Canadian machine learning pioneer Yoshua Bengio, often referred to as one of the "godfathers" of AI.

In October 2025, a “Key Update” was published, outlining the implications of capability advances in reasoning language models and presenting new evidence of challenges in monitoring and controllability.

The second full edition of the report was released on 3 February 2026 in advance of the AI Impact Summit.

Bletchley Park
Bletchley Park is an English country house and estate in Bletchley, Milton Keynes (Buckinghamshire), that became the principal centre of Allied code-breaking during the Second World War. During World War II, the estate housed the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), which regularly penetrated the secret communications of the Axis powers –  most importantly the German Enigma and Lorenz ciphers. The GC&CS team of codebreakers included John Tiltman, Dilwyn Knox, Alan Turing, Harry Golombek, Gordon Welchman, Hugh Alexander, Donald Michie, Bill Tutte and Stuart Milner-Barry.

The team at Bletchley Park, 75% women, devised automatic machinery to help with decryption, culminating in the development of Colossus, the world's first programmable digital electronic computer. Codebreaking operations at Bletchley Park ended in 1946 and all information about the wartime operations was classified until the mid-1970s. After the war it had various uses and now houses the Bletchley Park museum.
Kayla Clarke
Kayla Clarke (born 6 August 1991) is an Indigenous Australian swimmer who represented Australia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in swimming, and has medalled at the 2010 Australian Disability Age Group Nationals, and 2010 International Paralympic Swimming World Championships, 2009 Queensland State Championships, 2009 Queensland Secondary School Titles, and 2009 Global Games. She competes in a number of events, including the 100m freestyle, 100m backstroke, 100m breaststroke, 100m butterfly and 200m individual medley.

Backstroke
Backstroke or back crawl is one of the four swimming styles used in competitive events regulated by FINA, and the only one of these styles swum on the back. This swimming style has the advantage of easy breathing, but the disadvantage of swimmers not being able to see where they are going. It also has a different start from the other three competition swimming styles. The swimming style is similar to an upside down front crawl or freestyle. Both backstroke and front crawl are long-axis strokes. In individual medley backstroke is the second style swum; in the medley relay it is the first style swum.
Public Opinion (book)
Public Opinion is a book by Walter Lippmann published in 1922. It is a critical assessment of functional democratic government, especially of the irrational and often self-serving social perceptions that influence individual behavior and prevent optimal societal cohesion. The detailed descriptions of the cognitive limitations people face in comprehending their sociopolitical and cultural environments, leading them to apply an evolving catalogue of general stereotypes to a complex reality, rendered Public Opinion a seminal text in the fields of media studies, political science, and social psychology.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Selva di Progno
Selva di Progno (Cimbrian: Brunghe) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Verona in the Italian region Veneto, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) west of Venice and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Verona.

Selva di Progno borders the following municipalities: Ala, Badia Calavena, Bosco Chiesanuova, Crespadoro, Recoaro Terme, Roverè Veronese, Velo Veronese, and Vestenanova.

Ala, Trentino
Ala is a comune in Trentino, north-eastern Italy. Until the First World War, it was an important border town between the Kingdom of Italy and the Austro Hungarian Empire.

It was the birthplace in 1896 of the supercentenarian Venere Pizzinato who lived to be 114. Alongside Ateleta, Onano, Orero and Siris, it is one of five Italian municipalities with a palindromic name.
Scandal in Budapest
Scandal in Budapest (German: Skandal in Budapest) is a 1933 German-Hungarian comedy film, filmed in Hungary in the German language and directed by Géza von Bolváry and Istvan Szekely and starring Franciska Gaal, Werner Pledath, and Lotte Spira. It was made at Budapest's Hunnia Studios by the European subsidiary of Universal Pictures, headed by Joe Pasternak, which had recently left Germany in the face of Hitler's "de-Judification" of that country.

A separate Hungarian-language version was also made, with a different cast, titled Romance in Budapest. Both versions were released in the United States by Arthur Mayer's DuWorld Pictures Inc.

The film was subsequently remade in Hollywood as Top Hat, starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers.

Hunnia Film Studio
Hunnia Film Studio was the largest and most significant sound film studio in Hungary until its nationalization in 1948. Its predecessor, Corvin Film Studio, founded by Alexander Korda in 1917, was the most important Hungarian silent film company, while its successor, Mafilm, became the largest Hungarian film company, still operating today.
Tikhon
Tikhon (Russian: Ти́хон, Ukrainian: Ти́хон, Ти́хін, Polish: Tychon) is a Slavic male given name of Greek origin, related to Western European Tycho.

Tikhon Bernstam (born 1979), American Internet entrepreneur

Tikhon Chicherin (1869–1904), Russian entomologist

Tikhon Dzyadko (born 1987), Russian journalist

Tikhon Khrennikov (1913–2007), Soviet composer

Tikhon Kiselyov (1917–1983), Soviet Belarusian statesman

Tikhon Moiseev (born 1978), Russian mathematician

Tikhon Streshnev (1649–1719), Russian nobleman and statesman

Tikhon Zhiznevsky (born 1988), Russian stage actor

Religious figures:

Patriarch Tikhon of Moscow (1865–1925)

Tikhon Mollard (born 1966)

Tikhon (Shevkunov) (born 1958)

Tikhon (Zaitsev) (born 1967)

Tikhon of Kaluga (ca. 1400–1492)

Tikhon of Zadonsk (1724–1783)

Tikhon of Amathus (d. 425)

Tikhon of Kaluga
Tikhon of Kaluga (died 16 June 1492) was a Russian Orthodox hegumen and saint. He grew up in Moscow and was tonsured a monk as a young man. He then moved to a forest near Medin in Kaluga, living in the hollow of an oak tree. It was on that spot that he founded (and became the first hegumen of) a monastery dedicated to the Dormition of the Mother of God (and then to Tikhon himself after his death). He is commemorated with a feast day on 16 June in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Jelly blubber
Catostylus mosaicus, also known as the jelly blubber or blue blubber jellyfish, is a species of root-mouth jellyfish of the order root-mouth jellyfish. The jelly blubber is distinguishable by its colour, which ranges from light blue to a dark blue or purple, and its large (250–300 mm (9.8–11.8 in)), rounded bell which pulses in a staccato rhythm. It occurs along the coastline of Eastern Australia in estuaries and shallow bays, and often blooms to high abundance.

Staccato
Staccato ([stakˈkaːto]; Italian for "detached") is a form of musical articulation. In modern notation, it signifies a note of shortened duration, separated from the note that may follow by silence. It has been described by theorists and has appeared in music since at least 1676.