hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minkler (surname)
Minkler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

B. D. Minkler (1849–1911), American politician

Bob Minkler (1937–2015), American sound engineer

Joshua Minkler (born 1963), American attorney

Lee Minkler, American sound engineer

Meredith Minkler (born 1946), American public health researcher

Michael Minkler (born 1952), American motion picture sound re-recording mixer

Meredith Minkler
Meredith Minkler (born September 23, 1946) is an American public health researcher who is emeritus Professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She is known for her work on community-based participatory research and its use in public policy, criminal justice reform and democratizing access to food.
Forth (Edinburgh ward)
Forth is one of the seventeen wards used to elect members of the City of Edinburgh Council. Established in 2007 along with the other wards, it currently elects four Councillors. Its territory covers communities in the north of the city between Ferry Road and the coast on the Firth of Forth, including Granton, Newhaven, Pilton, Trinity, Victoria Park and Wardie, some of which historically fell within the boundaries of Leith. A 2017 boundary change caused the loss of the Muirhouse neighbourhood, but housebuilding elsewhere (including various projects in Granton) meant the overall population increased slightly. In 2019, the ward had a population of 31,823.

Leith
Leith (/liːθ/; Scottish Gaelic: Lìte) is a suburb to the north of Edinburgh, Scotland, lying at the mouth of the Water of Leith. It is home to the Port of Leith.

The earliest surviving historical references are in the royal charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey in 1128 in which it is termed Inverlet (Inverleith). After centuries of control by Edinburgh, Leith was made a separate burgh in 1833 only to be merged into Edinburgh in 1920.

Leith is located on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth and lies within the City of Edinburgh council area; since 2007 it has formed one of 17 multi-member wards of the city.
Calabogie Lake
Calabogie Lake (/ˌkæləˈboʊɡi/ KAL-ə-BOH-ghee) is a reservoir lake in the municipality of Greater Madawaska, Renfrew County, in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin, and is located on the Madawaska River system, in the geographic townships of Bagot and Blythfield.

The original natural lake expanded to its current dimensions upon the completion of the Calabogie Station dam and generating station (now owned and operated by Ontario Power Generation) during World War I.

The communities of Calabogie, Grassy Bay and Barryvale are on the lake. Renfrew County Road 511 crosses the lake in Calabogie near the river mouth, and Renfrew County Road 508 runs along the northwest shore.

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Walak people
The Walak people (Walak: Walak Ab) are an ethnic group living in the Central Highlands, Baliem Valley, Indonesia, specifically in the valleys of Kobagma, Ilugwa, Eragayam in Central Mamberamo Regency and Wolo in Jayawijaya Regency along the Mamberamo River, between Mamberamo, Jayawijaya, and Yalimo Regencies.

Yalimo Regency
Yalimo Regency is one of the regencies (Indonesian: Kabupaten Yalimo) in the Indonesian province of Highland Papua. It covers an area of 4,320.29 km3, and had a population at the 2010 Census of 50,763 which doubled to reach 101,973 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 106,740 (comprising 56,520 males and 50,230 females). The administrative centre is at Elelim. The indigenous inhabitants of this well-forested mountainous area are the Yali people.
Barwari
Barwari (Syriac: ܒܪܘܪ, Kurdish: به‌رواری, romanized: Berwarî) is a region in the Hakkari mountains in northern Iraq and southeastern Turkey. The region is inhabited by Assyrians and Kurds, and was formerly also home to a number of Jews prior to their emigration to Israel in 1951. It is divided between northern Barwari in Turkey, and southern Barwari in Iraq.

Amedi District
Amedi (or Amadiya) District (Kurdish: قەزای ئامێدی, romanized: Qezaye Amêdî, Arabic: قضاء العمادية, romanized: qaḍāʾ al-Emadiyah) is a district of Duhok Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The administrative centre is Amedi.
Lillard H. Carter
Lillard Harvey Carter (August 11, 1867 – June 21, 1923) was an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky Senate from 1898 to 1902 and the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1910 to 1912.

Following the resignation of William Goebel from the Senate to become governor of Kentucky, Carter was elected by the Senate in his place on February 2, 1900, to become President pro tempore. The following day, Goebel died and lieutenant governor J. C. W. Beckham ascended to the governorship, making Carter acting lieutenant governor.

He died on June 21, 1923, at age 55.

Kentucky Senate
The Kentucky Senate is the upper house of the Kentucky General Assembly.  The Kentucky Senate is composed of 38 members elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth.  The Kentucky Senate meets at the Kentucky State Capitol in Frankfort annually beginning in January. Sessions last for 60 legislative days in even-numbered years and 30 legislative days in odd-numbered years.

The Republican Party has had control of the Senate since 1999, currently holding 32 seats, with the Democratic Party holding 5, and 1 seat being vacant. Senators serve four-year terms with no term limits; half (19) of the senators are up for election every second year, coinciding with federal House of Representatives and Senate elections.
1912 Hong Kong sanitary board election
The 1912 Hong Kong Sanitary Board election was held on 19 January 1912 for the two unofficial seats in the Sanitary Board of Hong Kong.

Only ratepayers who were included in the Special and Common Jury Lists of the years or ratepayers who are exempted from serving on Juries on account of their professional avocations, unofficial members of the Executive or Legislative Council, or categories of profession were entitled to vote at the election.

Executive Council of Hong Kong
22°16′53″N 114°09′54″E﻿ / ﻿22.281487°N 114.165089°E﻿ / 22.281487; 114.165089

The Executive Council of Hong Kong (ExCo) is the cabinet of the Government of Hong Kong, acting as a formal body of advisers to the Chief Executive of Hong Kong that serves as a core policy-making organ assisting the chief executive. It is analogous to other Executive Councils in the Commonwealth such as the Federal Executive Council of Australia, the Executive Council of New Zealand, and the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.

Under the presidency of the chief executive, the executive council consists of 21 Official Members (the most senior of these being the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, head of the Government Secretariat and chair of the Policy Committee), and 16 Non-official Members (also known as ministers without portfolio who are normally leading legislators from pro-establishment political parties) headed by the Convenor of the Non-official Members. The Council normally meets once a week.
Ihsanul Karim
Ihsanul Karim (Bengali: ইহসানুল করিম; 5 January 1951 – 10 March 2024) was a Bangladeshi journalist. He was the press secretary to the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. Prior to his appointment at the Prime Minister's Office, Karim worked as the Press Secretary to the President. He also served as the Managing Director and Chief Editor of Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS), Bangladesh's state-run national news agency.

Prime Minister's Office (Bangladesh)
The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) (Bengali: প্রধানমন্ত্রীর কার্যালয়, romanized: Prōdhanmōntrir Karjaloẏ) is the principal executive office of the Prime Minister of Bangladesh and serves as the central coordinating body of the Government of Bangladesh. It provides administrative, policy, and strategic support to the Prime Minister in the exercise of executive powers and decision-making.

It is responsible for coordinating the duties and executive actions of all governmental ministry offices on various matters primarily serving and assisting the Prime Minister's duties. During interim or caretaker governments, where the head of government is the Chief Adviser of Bangladesh, the office is instead known as the Chief Adviser's Office (Bengali: প্রধান উপদেষ্টার কার্যালয়, romanized: Prôdhān Upôdēṣṭār Kārjālôẏ) and may be headed by a Special Assistant to the Chief Adviser.
Grote Spectrum Encyclopedie
The Grote Spectrum Encyclopedie ("Great Spectrum Encyclopedia") (published by Het Spectrum, Utrecht between 1974 and 1980) is a Dutch encyclopedia which treats subjects in 5000 large and comprehensive articles (like the Encyclopædia Britannica) with a clear accent on the social sciences.

Lannoo
Uitgeverij Lannoo Groep is a Belgian publishing group, based in Tielt, with assets in Belgium and the Netherlands. Its Belgian  subsidiary is Uitgeverij Lannoo. Its Dutch subsidiary is LannooMeulenhoff. Over the years Lannoo evolved from Catholic and Flemish to an open, commercial publishing house.
Cunningham, Adams County, Washington
Cunningham is an unincorporated community in Adams County, Washington, United States.  Previously called Scott by railroad surveyors, the town was platted in 1901 by preacher and land promoter W. R. Cunningham.  The two names (Scott for the station, and Cunningham for the town) persisted until the station was renamed in August 1902.

The town built up around the Northern Pacific Railway station.  With a peak population of 500 in 1913, most business success was from producing and shipping Palouse wheat.  The town included several stores, a school, churches, electric lighting, and a newspaper (The Cunningham Gazette).  After drought conditions in the 1910s and a severe fire in 1916, the population began to diminish.  The schools closed in 1925 and 1926.  The Post Office closed in 1985, and only a few houses remain today.

Cunningham is on the Hatton U.S. Geological Survey Map.

Palouse
The Palouse (/pəˈluːs/ pə-LOOSS) is a geographic region of the northwestern United States, encompassing parts of north central Idaho, southeastern Washington (part of eastern Washington), and by some definitions, parts of northeast Oregon. It is a major agricultural area, primarily producing wheat and legumes. Situated about 160 miles (260 km) north of the Oregon Trail, the region experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century.

The Palouse is home to two land-grant universities: the University of Idaho in Moscow and Washington State University in Pullman. Just eight miles (13 km) apart, both universities opened in the early 1890s.
Horsemans Pack
Horsemans Pack (8,156 feet (2,486 m)), and "The Horseman" (7,760 feet (2,370 m)), are summits located in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington. Located in the south unit of the park, Horsemans Pack is .70 mi (1.13 km) west of Snowfield Peak and the Neve Glacier descends from the east slopes of the mountain. The first ascent of Horsemans Pack was made August 1, 1931, by William Degenhardt and Herbert Strandberg who also named this feature, whereas the first ascent of The Horseman was made July 17, 1982, by John Roper, Silas Wild, and Russ Kroeker. The Horseman's toponym has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names, but Horsemans Pack has not.

Neve Glacier
Neve Glacier is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington and is on the north slopes of Snowfield Peak. Neve Glacier flows generally north and splits in two with two terminal tongues, one flowing to the northwest which is known as Ladder Creek Glacier and the other descending a total of more than 1.8 mi (2.9 km) to the east. Ladder Creek Glacier descends from 7,800 to 6,000 ft (2,400 to 1,800 m), while the east tongue also originates from the same altitude and descends to 5,600 ft (1,700 m). Between 1850 and 2006, Neve Glacier is estimated to have retreated more than 1,000 m (3,300 ft).
Film Australia
Film Australia was a company established by the Government of Australia to produce films about Australia in 1973. Its predecessors were the Cinema and Photographic Branch (1913–38), the Australian National Film Board (1939–1955, under different departments), and the Commonwealth Film Unit (1956–72). Film Australia became Film Australia Limited in 1988 and was consolidated into Screen Australia in 2008.

Administration of the Film Australia Collection was transferred from Screen Australia to the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia on 1 July 2011.

The mission of the organisation changed through its earlier incarnations, but from 1973 its aim was to create an audio-visual record of Australian culture, through the commissioning, distribution and management of programs that deal with matters of national interest or illustrate and interpret aspects of Australian life.

Audiovisual
Audiovisual (AV) is electronic media possessing both a sound and a visual component, such as slide-tape presentations, films, television programs, corporate conferencing, church services, and live theater productions.

Audiovisual service providers frequently offer web streaming, video conferencing, and live broadcast services. The professional audio visual industry has companies that provide hardware, software and services.  These organizations are commonly referred to as systems integrators and perform both the installation and integration of different types of AV equipment from multiple manufacturers into spaces to create the AV experience for the user or audience.

Computer-based audiovisual equipment is often used in education, with many schools and universities installing projection equipment and using interactive whiteboard technology.
Stewart McDonald (politician)
Stewart Malcolm McDonald (born 24 August 1986) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Glasgow South constituency from May 2015 to May 2024. He was the SNP Spokesperson for Defence from 2017 to 2022, resigning after the election of Stephen Flynn as Leader.

2022 SNP Westminster leadership election
The 2022 Scottish National Party (SNP) Westminster leadership election was held to choose the leader of the SNP in the House of Commons, following the resignation of Ian Blackford on 1 December 2022. Stephen Flynn and Alison Thewliss were the two MPs who ran in the election. Flynn was elected by 26 votes to 17.
J. H. Parry
John Horace Parry CMG, MBE (Handsworth, Birmingham, England, 26 April 1914 – Cambridge, Massachusetts, 25 August 1982) was a distinguished maritime historian, who served as Gardiner Professor of Oceanic History and Affairs at Harvard University.

Handsworth, West Midlands
Handsworth (grid reference SP035905) is an inner-city area of Birmingham in the county of the West Midlands, England. Historically in Staffordshire, Handsworth lies just outside Birmingham City Centre and near the town of Smethwick. In 2021 the ward had a population of 11,820.
Lego Technic Test Track
Lego Technic Test Track, Das Große Lego-Rennen, Technic Coaster, Project X – Test Strecke and X-treme Racers are the names of five identical steel wild mouse roller coasters (three of which are still operating) manufactured by Mack Rides at Legoland theme parks around the world.

Wild mouse
A wild mouse is a type of roller coaster consisting of single or spinning cars traversing a tight-winding track with an emphasis on sharp, unbanked turns. The upper portion of the track usually features multiple 180-degree turns, known as flat turns, that produce high lateral G-forces even at modest speeds. Cars are often designed to be wider than the track to enhance the illusion of hanging over the edge. Lower portions of the track typically feature small hills and bunny hops. Wild mouse coasters first appeared in the 1950s, and following a period of decline in the 1980s, new innovations and layout designs in the late 1990s led to a resurgence in demand.
Saphan Mon
Saphan Mon (Thai: สะพานมอญ, pronounced [sā.pʰāːn mɔ̄ːn]; lit. 'Mon Bridge') is a historic bridge in Bangkok's Phra Nakhon District. It carries Charoen Krung Road across the old city moat, and was originally built in the reign of King Nangklao (Rama III, 1824–1851), presumably by members of the Mon community who lived nearby. In those days, Mon traders used to settle their boathouses in the area of the bridge. During the reign of King Vajiravudh (Rama VI, 1910–1925), the original wooden structure was replaced with a reinforced concrete bridge with iron railings demonstrating Art Nouveau influence. The bridge is registered as an ancient monument by the Fine Arts Department.

At the east end of the bridge, Charoen Krung crosses Atsadang Roads at its first intersection, known for a historic driving school founded in 1947.

Phra Nakhon district
Phra Nakhon (Thai: พระนคร, pronounced [pʰráʔ ná(ʔ).kʰɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. It is the central district of Bangkok, including Rattanakosin Island. Neighboring districts are, from the north, clockwise: Dusit, Pom Prap Sattru Phai, Samphanthawong, and across the Chao Phraya River, Thon Buri, Bangkok Yai, Bangkok Noi, and Bang Phlat.
TGF beta signaling pathway
The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, cell migration, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions. The pathway is also involved in multiple physiological processes such as regulation of the immune system, the vascular system and embryonic development. The TGFβ signaling pathways are conserved.  In spite of the wide range of cellular processes that the TGFβ signaling pathway regulates, the process is relatively simple. TGFβ superfamily ligands bind to a type II receptor, which recruits and phosphorylates a type I receptor. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) which can now bind the coSMAD SMAD4. R-SMAD/coSMAD complexes accumulate in the nucleus where they act as transcription factors and participate in the regulation of target gene expression.

SMAD2
Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2, also known as SMAD family member 2 or SMAD2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD2 gene. MAD homolog 2 belongs to the SMAD, a family of proteins similar to the gene products of the Drosophila gene 'mothers against decapentaplegic' (Mad) and the C. elegans gene Sma. SMAD proteins are signal transducers and transcriptional modulators that mediate multiple signaling pathways.
Yaya Dub
Yaya Dub is a fictional character in the Kalyeserye portion of the "Juan for All, All for Juan" segment of Eat Bulaga! played by Maine Mendoza.  Yaya Dub who first appeared in the Problem Solving portion of "Juan for All, All for Juan" on July 4, 2015 is the personal assistant or nanny to Lola Nidora (played by Wally Bayola) and the love interest of the fictionalized version of Alden Richards.  In the July 16, 2015 episode of Kalyeserye, the love team of Yaya Dub and Alden has been dubbed as AlDub.  Yaya Dub as well as other characters of Kalyeserye were created by Jenny Ferre, the creative head of Eat Bulaga!  Although the term "Kalyeserye" was coined by Joey de Leon.

Joey de Leon
Jose Maria Ramos de Leon Jr. (born October 14, 1946), known professionally as Joey de Leon and also known as Henyo Master, is a Filipino comedian, actor, television host and songwriter. He is one of the members of the comedy trio, collectively known as TVJ with the Sotto brothers, Tito and Vic.

Aside from being one of the pioneer hosts of Eat Bulaga!, de Leon is also the creator of the said noontime variety show as recognized by the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IPOPHL), and the co-founder of the show's production company, TVJ Productions.
Donta Smith
Donta Lamont Smith (born November 27, 1983) is an American-Venezuelan professional basketball player for Trotamundos de Carabobo of the Venezuelan Superliga Profesional de Baloncesto (SPB). Playing for Maccabi Haifa, he was named the 2014 Israeli Basketball Premier League MVP.

Trotamundos de Carabobo
Trotamundos B.B.C. (transl. Globetrotters), also known as Trotamundos de Carabobo, is a professional basketball team based in Valencia, located in the Venezuelan Carabobo State. The team currently plays in the Venezuelan SuperLiga. The team has won the Venezuelan championship 11 times. Trotamundos has also won the South American club championship three times, in 1988, 1989 and 2000.
James McMullin
James McMullin was an American professional baseball player who played in three games in July 1887 for the New York Metropolitans of the American Association.

Born in California, McMullin began to play with baseball teams in San Francisco before joining the New York Metropolitans in June for $300 a month. He pitched in three games total for the Mets, and played poorly enough due to his lack of ball control in the third game that manager Opie Caylor found him not worth keeping around. He returned to California, pitching for various baseball teams through at least 1888.

New York Metropolitans
The Metropolitan Club (New York Metropolitans or the Mets) was a 19th-century professional baseball team that played in New York City from 1880 to 1887. (The New York Metropolitan Baseball Club was the name chosen in 1961 for the New York Mets, who began play in 1962.)
Nonochton
Nonochton is the Classical Nahuatl name for a plant whose identity is uncertain. Suggested plants include Portulaca, Pereskiopsis, and Lycianthes mociniana, a plant now called tlanochtle in the local variety of modern Nahuatl spoken by highland farmers that cultivate it for its fruit.

Portulaca
Portulaca (/ˌpɔːrtʃəˈlækə/ POR-chə-LAK-ə, UK also /ˌpɔːrtjʊˈlækə/ POR-tyuul-AK-ə, US also /ˌpɔːrtʃəˈlɑːkə/ POR-chə-LAH-kə) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Portulacaceae, and is the type genus of the family. With over 100 species, it is found in the tropics and warm temperate regions. Portulacas are also known as the purslanes.

Common purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is widely consumed as an edible plant, and in some areas it is invasive. Portulaca grandiflora is a well-known ornamental garden plant. Purslanes are relished by chickens. Some Portulaca species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including the nutmeg moth (Hadula trifolii).

Some Portulaca species can undergo photosynthesis using the C4 or the CAM light-independent pathway as required depending on environmental conditions.
IK Mode
IK Mode was a sports club in Stockholm, Sweden.  The club ran bandy, ice hockey, soccer and track and field athletics. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division in 1937. and 1940.

The men's ice hockey team played in the Swedish second division during the 1929-1930 season. The club track and field athletics section was especially successful during the 1930s and 40s. The club won Dagbladsstafetten in 1940 and 1946. Other successful track and field athletes competing for the club were Åke Stenqvist who won Swedish national long jump championship for men in 1936, 1937 and 1938 and Lennart Eliasson who won the same event in 1943.

In 1929, AIK offered to take over the club's track and field athletic.

Åke Stenqvist
Åke Valter Stenqvist (31 January 1914 – 12 August 2006) was a Swedish athlete who specialized in the 100 m sprint and long jump. He competed in the 4 × 100 m relay and long jump at the 1936 Summer Olympics and finished 10th in the long jump. Later he won a silver medal in the relay at the 1938 European Championships.

Stenqvist held national titles in the long jump (1935–42) and pentathlon (1940–42); he was also an international handball player.