hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2013 in comics
Notable events of 2013 in comics. It includes any relevant comics-related events, deaths of notable comics-related people, conventions and first issues by title. For an overview of the year in Japanese comics, see 2013 in manga.

Francesco Francavilla
Francesco Francavilla is an Italian comic book artist known for his creator-owned series The Black Beetle and pulp-inspired comic covers. Other notable works include The Black Coat (which he co-created), Dynamite's Zorro series, and his recent run on Detective Comics with Scott Snyder and Jock.
Siphonodella
Siphonodella is an extinct genus of conodonts.

Siphonodella banraiensis is from the Late Devonian of Thailand. Siphonodella nandongensis is from the Early Carboniferous of the Baping Formation in China.

Conodont
Conodonts are an extinct group of marine jawless vertebrates belonging to the class Conodonta (from Ancient Greek κῶνος (kōnos), meaning "cone", and ὀδούς (odoús), meaning "tooth"). They are primarily known from their hard, mineralised tooth-like structures called "conodont elements" that in life were present in the oral cavity and used to process food. Rare soft tissue remains suggest that they had elongate eel-like bodies with large eyes. Conodonts were a long-lasting group with over 300 million years of existence from the Cambrian (over 500 million years ago) to the beginning of the Jurassic (around 200 million years ago). Conodont elements are highly distinctive to particular species and are widely used in biostratigraphy as indicative of particular periods of geological time.
Black and Gold
"Black and Gold" is the lead single from Australian singer Sam Sparro's eponymous debut album. The song was written by Sparro (as Sam Falson) and Jesse Rogg. It has been remixed by Max Sanna and Steve Pitron, Paul Epworth, Al Usher, Kings of the Universe, Kromatik and Russ Chimes. The original version of the single was made available online on 31 March 2008. On 7 April, the CD, 12-inch, and limited edition 7-inch singles were released.

"Black and Gold" explores the relationship between reason, spirituality and love. It was a commercial success upon release, reaching number two in the United Kingdom, number four in Australia, and number five in Ireland and Turkey. It was also a top-20 hit in Denmark, Flanders, Italy, and New Zealand. The song was nominated for Best Dance Recording at the 2009 Grammy Awards.

MTV Australia Awards
The MTV Australia Awards (previously known as the MTV Australia Video Music Awards or AVMA's) started in 2005 and were Australia's first awards show to celebrate both local and international acts. The last edition took place in 2009.
Bodyguard (1948 film)
Bodyguard is a 1948 American film noir directed by Richard Fleischer and written by Fred Niblo Jr. and Harry Essex, based on a story by George W. George and Robert Altman.  The drama features Lawrence Tierney and, in her final screen appearance, Priscilla Lane.

George W. George
George Warren George (né Goldberg; February 8, 1920 – November 7, 2007) was an American theater, Broadway and film producer. His credits included the film My Dinner with Andre (1981) and several hit Broadway productions.
MacFarlane Pheasants Inc.
MacFarlane Pheasants Inc., America's largest pheasant farm, hatches more than 1.5 million chicks and sells more than 400,000 mature game birds to game preserves across North America. In both 2007 and 2010  MacFarlane Pheasants was named to the Inc. Magazine top 5000 companies list. The farm lis located in the Town of Rock, just outside the southern city limits of Janesville, Wisconsin, USA. Rock County's Prairie Knoll Park lies just across Center Avenue (U.S. Route 51), to the west.

Rock County, Wisconsin
Rock County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 163,687. Its county seat is Janesville. Rock County comprises the Janesville–Beloit metropolitan statistical area and is included in the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
2004 Speedway Grand Prix of Great Britain
The 2004 Speedway Grand Prix of Great Britain was the fourth round of the 2004 Speedway Grand Prix season (the world championship). It took place on 12 June 2004 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, Wales.

It was the 10th time that the Speedway Grand Prix of Great Britain had been held.

The Grand Prix was by the American rider Greg Hancock (his 7th career Grand Prix win).

2004 Speedway Grand Prix
The 2004 Speedway Grand Prix was the 59th edition of the official World Championship and the tenth season in the Speedway Grand Prix era used to determine the Speedway World Champion.

After finishing second in 2001, 2002 and 2003, Jason Crump broke through to become Australia's first Individual World Champion since Jack Young had won his second straight World title in 1952.
Fedor Chudinov vs. Frank Buglioni
Fedor Chudinov vs. Frank Buglioni, billed as Man vs Machine, was a professional boxing match contested on 26 September 2015, for the WBA (Regular) super middleweight championship. The bout took place at Wembley Arena, with Chudinov winning by unanimous decision.

Fedor Chudinov
Fedor Alexandrovich Chudinov (born 15 September 1987) is a Russian professional boxer. He held the WBA (Super) super-middleweight title in 2016, having previously held the regular title from 2015 to 2016 and the interim title from 2014 to 2015. He is the brother of fellow boxer Dmitry Chudinov.
Sherlock & Daughter
Sherlock & Daughter is an American mystery television series created by Brendan Foley, with showrunner James Duff based on the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The series premiered on April 16, 2025, on The CW and Discovery+. A second season is currently in the works.

Fiona Glascott
Fiona Glascott (born 22 November 1982) is an Irish actress. She is best known for playing the young Minerva McGonagall in the Fantastic Beasts franchise, which is a spin-off prequel of the Harry Potter film series.
Trinity Episcopal Church (Potsdam, New York)
Trinity Episcopal Church is a historic Episcopal church located at Potsdam in St. Lawrence County, New York. It was built in 1835 in the Federal style with Gothic elements built of red Potsdam Sandstone.  It was greatly enlarged and transformed into High Victorian Gothic style later in the 19th century, with less significant alterations continuing into the 20th century.  The front facade of the church took its final form in 1886 and is a lavishly decorated Victorian Gothic creation, made possible by donations from Thomas S. Clarkson and his family. It features a 110-foot-tall (34 m), 19-by-19-foot (5.8 by 5.8 m) four-level tower.  Also on the property is a stone wall dating to 1870, a large cast iron urn dating to about 1880 and a cast iron lamppost on a sandstone base dating to 1880.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Potsdam Sandstone
The Potsdam Sandstone, more formally known as the Potsdam Group, is a geologic unit of mid-to-late Cambrian age found in Northern New York and northern Vermont and Quebec and Ontario. A well-cemented sandstone of nearly pure quartz, in the 19th century it was widely used in construction and in refractory linings for iron furnaces.
Tactical area of responsibility
A tactical area of responsibility (TAOR) is a prescribed area in a theatre of combat which has been assigned to a unit commander who is responsible for, and has the authority to act on, the development and maintenance of installations and the conduct of tactical operations, area defence, coordination of support, and for conducting patrols. The TAOR can be as large as divisional or as small as a platoon's in size.

A modern mechanised infantry division can have a TAOR of as much as 200 km in width of front, and 120 km in depth. By comparison the entire Battle of Waterloo was fought on a relatively short front at two and a half miles (4.0 km).

Military organization
Military organization (AE) or military organisation (BE) is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer such military capability as a national defense policy may require. Formal military organization tends to use hierarchical forms (see Modern hierarchy for terminology and approximate troop strength per hierarchical unit).

In some countries, paramilitary forces are included in a nation's armed forces, though not considered military. Armed forces that are not a part of military or paramilitary organizations, such as insurgent forces, often emulate military organizations, or use these structures.
2022 Sakhir Formula 3 round
The 2022 Sakhir FIA Formula 3 round was a motor racing event held on 19 and 20 March 2022 at the Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir, Bahrain. It was the opening round of the 2022 FIA Formula 3 Championship, and was held in support of the 2022 Bahrain Grand Prix.

Hunter Yeany
Hunter Yeany (born 11 May 2005) is an American racing driver currently competing in the 2026 Michelin Pilot Challenge for Medusa Motorsports in a Ford Mustang GT4. Previously, he raced in the FIA Formula 3 Championship, the 2024 USF Pro 2000 Championship with TJ Speed Motorsports, and in Formula Regional Americas. He was the 2020 Formula 4 United States champion.
St Piran's Day
Saint Piran's Day (Cornish: Gool Peran), or the Feast of Saint Piran, is the national day of Cornwall, held on 5 March every year. The day is named after one of the patron saints of Cornwall, Saint Piran, who is also the patron saint of tin miners.

Bodmin
Bodmin (Cornish: Bosvena) is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated south-west of Bodmin Moor.

The extent of the civil parish corresponds fairly closely to that of the town so is mostly urban in character. It is bordered to the east by Cardinham parish, to the southeast by Lanhydrock parish, to the southwest and west by Lanivet parish, and to the north by Helland parish. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 16,909.

Bodmin became the county town of Cornwall in 1838 when the main courts for the county moved there from Launceston. Bodmin gradually lost county town functions to Truro; in 1889 the new Cornwall County Council chose to base itself in Truro, and the county's main courthouse moved to Truro in 1988.
F. A. Brockhaus AG
F. A. Brockhaus AG was a German book publishing firm founded by Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus. It was best known for its eponymous encyclopedia and other renown bedrock brands for lexical functional grammar such as Duden, Meyers or the Harenberg Lexikon-Verlag and Kunstverlag Weingarten. Its legal successor is the company Bibliographisches Institut & F. A. Brockhaus AG.

The publicly traded company was eventually divested through fundamental asset-stripping after rights of the renown Brockhaus brand, including rights for its online presence and Meyers Online, were sold off to Bertelsmann subsidiary Arvato, following a stock take-over through majority stakeholder Cornelsen Verlag. The remaining book publisher and legal successor, which has completely withdrawn from any lexical functional grammar or reference-works business fields, now operates under the name Bibliographisches Institut GmbH.

Bertelsmann
Bertelsmann SE & Co. KGaA, commonly known as Bertelsmann (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁtl̩sˌman] ⓘ), is a German private multinational conglomerate corporation based in Gütersloh, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is one of the world's largest media conglomerates and is also active in the service sector and education.

Bertelsmann was founded as a publishing house by Carl Bertelsmann in 1835. After World War II, Bertelsmann, under the leadership of Reinhard Mohn, went from being a medium-sized enterprise to a major conglomerate, offering not only books but also television, radio, music, magazines and services. Its principal divisions include the RTL Group, Penguin Random House, BMG, Arvato, the Bertelsmann Marketing Services, the Bertelsmann Education Group and Bertelsmann Investments.

Bertelsmann is an unlisted and capital market-oriented company, which remains primarily controlled by the Mohn family.
Primula borealis
Primula borealis, also known as the Northern primrose or slender primrose, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Primula and family Primulaceae. The species is a halophyte, inhabiting coastal saline habitats within subalpine and subarctic regions.

Primulaceae
The Primulaceae (/ˌprɪmjəˈleɪʃi.iː/ PRIM-yə-LAY-shee-ee), commonly known as the primrose family (but not related to the evening primrose family), are a family of herbaceous and woody flowering plants including some favourite garden plants and wildflowers. Most are perennial though some species, such as scarlet pimpernel, are annuals.

Previously one of three families in the order Primulales, it underwent considerable generic re-alignment once molecular phylogenetic methods were used for taxonomic classification. The order was then submerged in a much enlarged order Ericales and became a greatly enlarged Primulaceae sensu lato (s.l). In this new classification of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, each of the Primulales families was reduced to the rank of subfamily of Primulaceae s.l. The original Primulaceae (Primulaceae sensu stricto or s.s.) then became subfamily Primuloideae, and one genus (Maesa) was raised to the rank of a separate subfamily, making four in all.
Left Right and Centre
Left Right and Centre is a 1959 British satirical comedy film directed by Sidney Gilliat and starring Ian Carmichael, Patricia Bredin, Richard Wattis, Eric Barker and Alastair Sim. It was written by Val Valentine and Gilliat, and produced by Frank Launder. A political comedy, it follows the events of a by-election in a small English town.

Val Valentine
Val Valentine (1895–1971) was a British screenwriter.

Val Guest said he was "a larger-than-life character who won the VC and Christ knows what else. He was a large lively man, always brimming with ideas, some awful, some of which were very funny, many of which we used."
Laura Sullivan
Laura Sullivan (born about 1974) is a correspondent and investigative reporter for National Public Radio (NPR). Her investigations air regularly on Morning Edition, All Things Considered, and other NPR programs. She is also an on-air correspondent for the PBS show Frontline. Sullivan's work specializes in shedding light on some of the country's most disadvantaged people. She is one of NPR's most decorated journalists, with three Peabody Awards, three Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Awards, and more than a dozen other prestigious national awards.

All Things Considered
All Things Considered (ATC) is the flagship news program produced by National Public Radio (NPR). It was the first news program on NPR, premiering on May 3, 1971. It is broadcast live on NPR affiliated stations in the United States, and worldwide through several different outlets. All Things Considered and Morning Edition were the highest rated public radio programs in the United States in 2002 and 2005. The show combines news, analysis, commentary, interviews, and special features, and its segments vary in length and style. ATC airs weekdays from 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Eastern Time (live) or Pacific Time (recorded with some updates; in Hawaii it airs as a fully recorded program) or from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Central Time. ATC's weekend counterpart airs on Saturdays and Sundays.
Shahine Robinson
Shahine Elizabeth Robinson (née Fakhourie; 4 July 1953 – 29 May 2020) was a Jamaican politician, who served as the Minister of Labour and Social Security. She was a member of the Parliament of Jamaica for Saint Ann North Eastern. She served briefly as the Transport and Works Minister from late November 2011 to January 2012.

Parliament of Jamaica
17°58′26″N 76°47′26″W﻿ / ﻿17.9740°N 76.7906°W﻿ / 17.9740; -76.7906

The Parliament of Jamaica (Jamaican Patois: Paaliment a Jumieka) is the legislative branch of the government of Jamaica. Officially, they are known as the Houses of Parliament. It consists of three elements: The Crown (represented by the Governor-General), the appointed Senate and the directly elected House of Representatives.

The Senate, the Upper House, is the direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council" and comprises 21 senators appointed by the Governor-General: thirteen on the advice of the Prime Minister and eight on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition.

The House of Representatives, the Lower House, is made up of 63 (previously 60) Members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on a first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies.
Act of Proscription 1746
The Act of Proscription (19 Geo. 2. c. 39), also called the Act of Proscription 1746 or the Disarming the Highlands, etc. Act 1745, was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain, which came into effect in Scotland on 1 August 1746. It was part of a series of efforts to assimilate the Scottish Highlands, ending their ability to revolt, and the first of the "King's laws" that sought to crush the clan system in the aftermath of the Jacobite rising of 1745. These laws were finally repealed on 1 July 1782.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
Marek Kusto
Marek Andrzej Kusto (born 29 April 1954) is a Polish former professional football manager and player.

He played for several domestic and foreign clubs, including Wisła Kraków, Legia Warsaw and KSK Beveren (Belgium), and for the Poland national team, participating in three consecutive World Cups: the 1974 FIFA World Cup, where Poland won the bronze medal; the 1978 FIFA World Cup; and 1982 FIFA World Cup, where Poland again won the bronze medal.

He later worked as a coach for such clubs as Wisła Kraków, Widzew Łódź and Arka Gdynia, among others.

Arka Gdynia
Morski Związkowy Klub Sportowy Arka Gdynia (lit. 'Maritime Union Sports Club Arka Gdynia', Polish pronunciation: [ˈmɔrskʲi zvjɔ̃sˈkɔvɨ ˈklup spɔrˈtɔvɨ ˈarka ˈɡdɨɲa]) is a professional football club based in Gdynia, Poland, that plays in the Ekstraklasa after winning the 2024–25 I liga. The club was founded as Klub Sportowy Gdynia in 1929.
Primas Germaniae
Primas Germaniae is a historical title of honor for the most important Catholic bishop (the Primate) in the German lands. Throughout the history of the Holy Roman Empire, it was claimed by the Archbishops of Mainz, Trier, Magdeburg and Salzburg alike. Actual prerogatives, however, were exercised by bishops holding the rank of an Apostolic legatus natus. While Mainz, Trier and Magdeburg lost the primatial dignity upon the 1648 Peace of Westphalia and the Napoleonic Secularisation in 1802, the Salzburg archbishops bear the title up to today.

Papal legate
A papal legate or apostolic legate (from the ancient Roman title legatus) is a personal representative of the Pope to foreign nations, to some other part of the Catholic Church, or to representatives of a state or monarchy. A legate is empowered in matters of Catholic faith and for the settlement of ecclesiastical matters.

The legate is appointed directly by the Pope—the Bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church. Hence a legate is usually sent to a government, to a sovereign, to a large body of believers (such as a national church), or to take charge of a major religious effort, such as an ecumenical council, a crusade to the Holy Land, or even against a heresy such as the Cathars.

The term legation is applied both to a legate's mandate and to the territory concerned (such as a state, or an ecclesiastical province). The relevant adjective is legatine.
Engjëll Cara
Engjëll Cara (born 20 July 1965 in Kavajë) is a politician and former member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Democratic Party. He studied veterinary medicine and graduated from Tirana's University of Agriculture in 1987. Cara began his career as a politician in 2001 when he won the elections for the leader of DP in Kavajë. He carried this post for eight years. In 2005, he was chosen Deputy in the Parliament of Albania. Engjëll Cara was elected for a second time as Democratic Party leader of the Kavajë branch on 28 June 2014, defeating opponent Isa Sakja. He is married and has two daughters.

Kavajë
Kavajë (/kɑːˈvaɪə/ ⓘ kah-VY-ə, Albanian definite form: Kavaja) is a city and municipality centrally located in the Western Lowlands region of Albania, in Tirana County. It borders Durrës to the north 17 km (11 mi), Tiranë to the east 27 km (17 mi) and Rrogozhinë to the south 15 km (9 mi). To the west lies the Adriatic Sea. According on the 2023 census, the municipality had a population of 30,012, although the Civil Registry inferred the total number of inhabitants to be 79,556. The overall surface area is 199.00 square kilometres (76.83 sq mi).
Let's Shake Hands
"Let's Shake Hands" is the debut single of American garage rock band the White Stripes. It was released in March 1998, and marks their first recording. A live recording of the song is featured on Under Blackpool Lights as well as Under Great White Northern Lights.

"Let's Shake Hands" was the first song the band recorded in their living room for Dave Buick, who offered to finance the release of their first single.  The style surprised Buick based on the band's live performances, but—according to an interview with The New Yorker—Jack said it was "a declaration that the White Stripes weren’t going to observe punk proprieties."

Under Great White Northern Lights
Under Great White Northern Lights is the 2009 documentary film about the White Stripes' summer 2007 tour across Canada, directed by Emmett Malloy of the Malloys, and the first live album by the band. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray. The CD, LP, DVD, BD, and box set were all released on March 16, 2010, in Canada, with other dates worldwide.
Christian Cormack
Christian Cormack (born 1 September 1976 in Hammersmith, London) is a British rowing cox. He competed for the British National Team between 1996 and 2004, winning four medals at the World Rowing Championships including a gold in 2002, two silvers and a bronze medal. In the World Rowing Cup series he won gold in 2001 Munich, silver in 1997 Munich, 1998 Hazewinkel and bronze at 1998 Lucerne and 1999 Lucerne. He retired from rowing after competing at 2004 Athens Olympics.

Cormack also coxed the winning Cambridge eight in the Boat Race in 2001. His crews won the Prince Philip Challenge Cup at Henley Royal Regatta in 2003, and won the Head of the River Race five times – in 1999 and 2000 for Queen's Tower, and 2002, 2003 and 2005 for Leander Club.

Coxswain
The coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ or /ˈkɒksweɪn/) is the person in charge of a boat, particularly its navigation and steering. The etymology of the word gives a literal meaning of "boat servant" since it comes from cock, referring to the cockboat, a type of ship's boat, and swain, an Old English term derived from the Old Norse sveinn meaning boy or servant. In 1724, a "cockswain" was defined as "An officer of a ship who takes care of the cockboat, barge or shallop, with all its furniture, and is in readiness with his crew to man the boat on all occasions." When the term "cockboat" became obsolete, the title of coxswain as the person in charge of a ship's boat remained.