hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mamak Gang
The Mamak Gang is a notorious Malaysian gang that has been active since the early 1990s. Originally they specialised in breaking into factories and warehouses, but eventually they switched to mainly carjacking and robbing motorists. The gang is most notorious for stealing RM 12 million (equal to 2.8 million US Dollar) worth of gold bars from the Malaysia Airlines cargo complex at the former Subang Airport on Merdeka Day 1994 (31 August 1994). Although its key members were rounded up by the police several times and sentenced to either preventive detention or banished to remote areas of the country, they managed to run their "criminal empire" from detention by using mobile phones and couriers to deliver instructions for them. The gang's crime spree came to an end in December 2006 when Selangor police arrested the last three members of the gang still at large.

Malaysian ringgit
The Malaysian ringgit ((/ˈrɪŋɡɪt/, Malaysian: [ˈriŋget]); plural: ringgit; symbol: RM; currency code: MYR; Malay name: Ringgit Malaysia; formerly the Malaysian dollar) is the currency of Malaysia. Issued by the Central Bank of Malaysia, it is divided into 100 cents (Malay: sen).
Merlin series 2
The second series of Merlin, is a British fantasy television series which began on 19 September 2009 and ended on 19 December 2009. Series two regular cast members include Colin Morgan, Bradley James, Katie McGrath, Angel Coulby, Anthony Head, Richard Wilson, and John Hurt as the voice of the Great Dragon. Series two contains thirteen episodes and had 5.77 million viewers for the premiere with 6.64 million viewers for the series finale. Series 2 was the first series to have a two-parter and the only series to have a two-parter mid-series. BBC renewed the show for the third series which premiered on 11 September 2010.

Bradley James
Bradley James (born 1983 or 1984) is an English actor. He is best known for starring as Arthur Pendragon in the BBC series Merlin (2008–12), Damien Thorn in Damien (2016), Varga in Underworld: Blood Wars, Giuliano de' Medici in Medici: The Magnificent (2018–2020), and Lieutenant Colonel Felix Sparks in The Liberator (2020).
Bothriocroton glebopalma
Bothriocroton glebopalma is a hard-bodied tick species endemic to Australia.

The species is named for its host Varanus glebopalma, the twilight monitor - "glebopalma" literally means "earth palm", and refers to the shiny pads found on the undersides of the lizard's feet. The species also parasitises Varanus glauerti, and is sympatric with Amblyomma glauerti.

B. glebopalma's geographic distribution is closely correlated with the range of their host species, and thus, they are found in the arid grasslands and escarpments of northern Australia, including Queensland, Northern Territory and Western Australia. Little is known of the specific life-cycle of the species, although its sympatry with Amblyomma glauerti suggests that its off-host stages would subsist in the crevices where the host lizards rest.

Sympatry
In biology, two closely related species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter each other. An initially interbreeding population that splits into two or more distinct species sharing a common range exemplifies sympatric speciation. Such speciation may be a product of reproductive isolation – which prevents hybrid offspring from being viable or able to reproduce, thereby reducing gene flow – that results in genetic divergence. Sympatric speciation may, but need not, arise through secondary contact, which refers to speciation or divergence in allopatry followed by range expansions leading to an area of sympatry. Sympatric species or taxa in secondary contact may or may not interbreed.
Tsyelyakhany
Tsyelyakhany or Telekhany (Belarusian: Целяханы, romanized: Cieliachany; Russian: Телеханы) is an urban-type settlement in Ivatsevichy District, Brest Region, Belarus. It is situated in the historical region of Polesia by the Oginski Canal. As of 2025, it has a population of 3,657.

Polesia
Polesia, also called Polissia, Polesie, or Polesye, is a natural (geographic) and historical region in Eastern Europe within the East European Plain, including the Belarus–Ukraine border region and part of eastern Poland. This region should not be confused with parts of Russia also traditionally called "Polesie".
York City Levy
York City Levy is a living-history group portraying an ordinary men and women from the City of York artillery between the period 1460–1490. The group does events with a civil and military character and is best known for its display of trades and crafts in a medieval camp, together with its mummers' plays, dance and music.  The York City Levy also has a strong local history focus and is particularly interested in events in the North-East of England during the period which we now know as the Wars of the Roses.

Living history
Living history is an activity that incorporates historical tools, activities and dress into an interactive presentation that seeks to give observers and participants a sense of stepping back in time. Although it does not necessarily seek to reenact a specific event in history, living history is similar to, and sometimes incorporates, historical reenactment. Living history is an educational medium used by living history museums, historic sites, heritage interpreters, schools and historical reenactment groups to educate the public or their own members in particular areas of history, such as clothing styles, pastimes and handicrafts, or to simply convey a sense of the everyday life of a certain period in history. Living history can also be applied to commercial environments such as Renaissance fairs, where emphasis is often placed on entertainment value rather than complete historical accuracy.
Veljko Birmančević
Veljko Birmančević (Serbian Cyrillic: Вељко Бирманчевић; born 5 March 1998) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for La Liga club Getafe on loan from Czech First League club Sparta Prague and the Serbia national team.

Serbian League Belgrade
Serbian League Belgrade (Serbian: Српска лига Београд / Srpska liga Beograd) is one of four sections of the Serbian League, the third tier of professional football in Serbia. The other three sections are Serbian League East, Serbian League Vojvodina and Serbian League West.
2APL
2APL (A Practical Agent Programming Language) is a modular BDI-based programming language that supports the development of multi-agent systems. 2APL provides a rich set of programming constructs allowing direct implementation of concepts such as beliefs, declarative goals, actions, plans, events, and reasoning rules. The reasoning rules allow run-time selection and generation of plans based on declarative goals, received events and messages, and failed plans. 2APL can be used to implement multi-agent systems consisting of software agents with reactive as well as pro-active behaviours.

Modular programming
Modular programming is a programming paradigm that emphasizes organizing the functions of a codebase into independent modules – each providing an aspect of a computer program in its entirety without providing other aspects.

A module interface expresses the elements that are provided and required by the module. The elements defined in the interface are detectable by other modules. The implementation contains the working code that corresponds to the elements declared in the interface.
Grab Holdings
Grab Holdings Inc. is a Singaporean multinational technology company headquartered in one-north, Singapore. It is the developer of a super-app for ride-hailing, food delivery, and digital payment services on mobile devices. It operates in Singapore, Malaysia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam.

The company was founded as MyTeksi by Anthony Tan and Tan Hooi Ling in 2012 to make taxi rides safer in Malaysia. By 2016, it was rebranded as Grab with an expansion of partnerships in Southeast Asia that coincided with the development of products for couriers.

Grab is Southeast Asia's first decacorn and the biggest technology startup in the region. It became publicly traded on the NASDAQ in 2021, following the largest SPAC merger at the time. In 2023, Fast Company listed Grab amongst the most innovative companies in the Asia-Pacific region.

Fast Company
Fast Company is an American business magazine published monthly in print and online, focusing on technology, business, and design. Founded in 1995, it releases six print issues annually, in addition to various ranking lists, podcasts, newsletters, and paid communities of business executives. As of 2025, Fast Company attracts millions of monthly readers. It is owned by Mansueto Ventures.
Frank McComb
Frank McComb (born July 15, 1970) is an American singer and record producer. He has collaborated with Prince, Chaka Khan, Will Smith, Najee, Branford Marsalis, George Duke, Frankie Beverly & Maze, Phyllis Hyman, Gamble and Huff, Patrice Rushen, Lalah Hathaway, Fred Hammond, and John P. Kee.

Fred Hammond
Frederick William Hammond (born December 27, 1960) is an American gospel singer, bass guitar player, and record producer. He is regarded as one of the most popular figures in contemporary gospel music. He is known for using a variety of different styles in his music such as R&B, hip-hop, and disco.
Melanoides polymorpha
Melanoides polymorpha is a species of freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Thiaridae.

This species is endemic to Lake Malawi and is found in Malawi, Tanzania, and Mozambique. It is very abundant throughout the lake in the littoral soft sediments.

Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, (Swahili: Ziwa Nyasa) is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.

It is the fourth largest freshwater lake in the world by volume, the ninth largest lake in the world by area and the third largest and second deepest lake in Africa. Lake Malawi is home to more species of fish than any other lake in the world, including at least 700 species of cichlids. The Mozambique portion of the lake was officially declared a reserve by the Government of Mozambique on June 10, 2011, while in Malawi a portion of the lake is included in Lake Malawi National Park.

Lake Malawi is a meromictic lake, meaning that its water layers do not mix. The permanent stratification of Lake Malawi's water and the oxic-anoxic boundary are maintained by moderately small chemical and thermal gradients.
Winfrida Dominic
Winfrida Dominic (born 1993) is a Tanzanian model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Universe Tanzania 2012 and represented her country at the 2012 Miss Universe. She was also supposed to represent Tanzania in Miss Supranational pageant but withdrew at the last moment due to not being able to secure a visa for Poland.

Miss Universe 2012
Miss Universe 2012 was the 61st Miss Universe pageant, held at the PH Live at Planet Hollywood Resort & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, on December 19, 2012.

At the conclusion of the event, the pageant was won by Olivia Culpo of the United States, who was crowned by Leila Lopes of Angola. It was the United States' first win in fifteen years, and its eighth win at the pageant.

There were contestants from eighty-nine countries and territories, three more than the previous year. It was hosted by Andy Cohen and Giuliana Rancic, with Jeannie Mai as backstage correspondent. American rock band Train and Australian musician Tim Omaji performed in this year's pageant.
Sergey Kolokolov
Sergey Viktorovich Kolokolov (Russian: Серге́й Ви́кторович Ко́локолов; 11 April 1962 – 25 September 2008) was a Soviet flatwater canoer who competed in the early 1980s. He won five medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with two golds (K-4 500 m: 1982, K-4 10000 m: 1981), two silvers (K-4 500 m: 1983, K-4 1000 m: 1981), and a bronze (K-4 1000 m: 1983). He later studied engineering at Kherson State University. He died at Kherson on 25 September 2008.

1983 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1983 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Tampere, Finland for the second time. The Finnish city had host the championships previously in 1973.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the eighteenth championships in canoe sprint.
Four Course
Four Course (1928 – 1932) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse. She was one of the best two-year-old fillies of her generation in England when she won three of her four races, namely the July Stakes, Richmond Stakes and Gimcrack Stakes. In the following spring she won the 1000 Guineas and finished second in both the Epsom Oaks and the Falmouth Stakes. She was retired at the end of the year but died before she could make and mark as a broodmare.

Richmond Stakes
The Richmond Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts and geldings. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.
Pilcomayo Department
Pilcomayo is a department in the Argentine province of Formosa. Its capital is Clorinda, the second most populous city in the province. Pilcomayo has a surface of 5,342 km2 and a population of 78,114 according to the 2001 census [INDEC]. Other communities in Pilcomayo include Laguna Blanca, Laguna Naick Neck, Riacho He-Hé and Siete Palmas. The Pilcomayo River National Park (Parque Nacional Río Pilcomayo) is about 45 kilometers west of Clorinda, crossed by the Pilcomayo River.

Formosa Province
Formosa Province (Spanish pronunciation: [foɾˈmosa]) is a province in northeastern Argentina, part of the Gran Chaco Region. Formosa's northeast end touches Asunción, Paraguay, and the province borders the provinces of Chaco and Salta to its south and west, respectively. The capital is Formosa.
Zacco family
The Zacco family originated from Spain, where they  are first recorded in when Stefano Zacco was a councillor of King Alfonso II of Aragon in the 12th century.

When  Sicily became subject to Aragonese rule in 1282, following the Sicilian Vespers,  the Zacco family arrived with King Peter I, various branches of the family were soon established in the principal cities of Sicily - Palermo, Modica, Lentini and Siracusa.  Members of the Zacco family were active in the higher echelons of Sicilian society in the roles of Governors, the Church, the military, and the magistracy.

The Palazzo Zacco, an important example of Sicilian Baroque, in Ragusa was purchased from the Melfi family by a branch of the Zacco family in the late 18th century.  By 1848 the family were probably extinct, as they are no longer listed in the "Sicilian Golden Book of Nobility" (Libro d'Oro).

Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana (official register)
The Libro d'oro della Nobiltà italiana is a public and official register compiled both during the Regno d'Italia and in the Italian Republic before 1962. It contains the list of families registered by a "provision of Grace" (motu proprio of the King, i.e. a concession) or justice (recognition of an ancient noble title by the Consulta Araldica). Each family is treated on one or more pages, which include: country of origin, habitual residence of the family, noble titles and attributes with an indication of the origin and succession of noble titles, royal and governmental regulations, blazons and a part of the documented genealogy.

This first and most important official nobiliary register of the Kingdom of Italy should not be confused with Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana of the same name, which are instead only private works still published both in Rome and Savigliano, a small town near Cuneo.
Shio no Michi
Shio no Michi (塩の道, Salt Road) was an old kaidō, or road, in ancient Japan and was used to transport salt from the ocean to the inland central Honshū. In the Middle Ages, salt was brought both from the Sea of Japan and the Pacific Ocean to Shinano Province for processing. The road leading from the Sea of Japan to Shinano Province was called the Chikuni Kaidō (千国街道), whereas the road leading from the Pacific Ocean was called the Sanshū Kaidō (三州街道).

Toyota, Aichi
Toyota (豊田市, Toyota-shi; pronounced [toꜜjota ɕi]), formerly known as Koromo, is a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019, the city had an estimated population of 426,162 and a population density of 464 people per km2. The total area was 918.32 square kilometres (354.57 sq mi). It is located about 50 minutes from Nagoya by way of the Meitetsu Toyota Line.

Several of Toyota Motor Corporation's manufacturing plants, including the Tsutsumi plant, are located there. The longstanding ties between the Toyota Motor Corporation and the town of Toyota, formerly known as Koromo (挙母市, Koromo-shi), gave the town its current name. The city's flag (and seal), is a unicursal hexagram.
Yu Nakamura
Yu Nakamura (中村優, Nakamura Yū; born May 13, 1987, in the Nara, Nara, Japan) is a Japanese singer, professional model and Japanese television personality. In 2005 she won the Japanese Miss Magazine Idol contest and won the "Jury's Special Award", 2005, after which she began appearing as a professional model and on various television shows. For a time she was reporter for the Tokyo Broadcasting System. In 2007–2008 she released three Japanese idol videos.

TBS Holdings
TBS Holdings, Inc., (formerly Tokyo Broadcasting System Holdings, Inc.,) is a privately owned media company in Japan. It is the parent company of the television network TBS Television and radio network TBS Radio. It has a 28-affiliate television network called Japan News Network, as well as a 34-affiliate radio network called Japan Radio Network.

TBS produced the game show Takeshi's Castle and has also broadcast the Ultra Series programs and Sasuke (Ninja Warrior),  whose format would inspire similar programs outside Japan. TBS is a member of the Mitsui Group keiretsu and highly cooperating with the Mainichi Shimbun despite the latter's lack of shareholding.
Paralyzed (album)
Paralyzed is the second studio album by American doom metal band Witch, founded by J Mascis of Dinosaur Jr. Like their debut, Black Sabbath influence is noted, along with Black Flag influence for this album. This album reflected a bit of a change in Witch's sound, with them drawing more on hardcore punk.

Doom metal
Doom metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other heavy metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics are intended to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal. During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands such as Witchfinder General and Pagan Altar from England, American bands Pentagram, Saint Vitus, the Obsessed, Trouble, and Cirith Ungol, and Swedish band Candlemass defined doom metal as a distinct genre.
23S rRNA (uridine2479-2'-O)-methyltransferase
23S rRNA (uridine2479-2'-O)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.208, AviRb) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (uridine2479-2'-O)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uridine2479 in 23S rRNA  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2'-O-methyluridine2479 in 23S rRNA

Streptomyces viridochromogenes produces the antibiotic avilamycin A which binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit to inhibit protein synthesis.

Uridine
Uridine (symbol U or Urd) is a glycosylated pyrimidine analog containing uracil attached to a ribose ring (or more specifically, a ribofuranose) via a β-N1-glycosidic bond. The analog is one of the five standard nucleosides which make up nucleic acids, the others being adenosine, thymidine, cytidine and guanosine. The five nucleosides are commonly abbreviated to their symbols, U, A, dT, C, and G, respectively. However, thymidine is more commonly written as 'dT' ('d' represents 'deoxy') as it contains a 2'-deoxyribofuranose moiety rather than the ribofuranose ring found in uridine. This is because thymidine is found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and usually not in ribonucleic acid (RNA). Conversely, uridine is found in RNA and not DNA. The remaining three nucleosides may be found in both RNA and DNA. In RNA, they would be represented as A, C and G whereas in DNA they would be represented as dA, dC and dG.
Hypoiodous acid
Hypoiodous acid is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula HIO. It forms when an aqueous solution of iodine is treated with mercuric or silver salts. It rapidly decomposes by disproportionation:

5 HIO → HIO3 + 2 I2 + 2 H2O

Hypoiodous acid is a weak acid with a pKa of about 11. The conjugate base is hypoiodite (IO−). Salts of this anion can be prepared by treating iodine with alkali hydroxides. They rapidly disproportionate to form iodides and iodates, but an iodine–hydroxide mixture can be used an in situ preparation of hypoiodite for other reactions.

Ammonium hypoiodites can be formed by oxidation of the analogous iodide salts. These and also sodium hypoiodite are useful as oxidizing agents for a various types of organic compounds and also for a reaction analogous to the haloform reaction.

Hypoiodite is one of the active oxidizing agents generated by lactoperoxidase as part of the mammalian innate immune system.

Haloform reaction
In chemistry, the haloform reaction (also referred to as the Lieben haloform reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a haloform (CHX3, where X is a halogen) is produced by the exhaustive halogenation of an acetyl group (R−C(=O)CH3, where R can be either a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or an aryl group), in the presence of a base. The reaction can be used to transform acetyl groups into carboxyl groups (R−C(=O)OH) or to produce chloroform (CHCl3), bromoform (CHBr3), or iodoform (CHI3). Note that fluoroform (CHF3) can't be prepared in this way.
Robert Sutherland Rattray
Robert Sutherland Rattray, GBE, known as Captain R. S. Rattray (1881 in India – 1938), was a barrister and held a diploma in anthropology from Oxford.

He was an early Africanist and student of the Ashanti. He was one of the early writers on Oware, and on Ashanti gold weights. An amusement park constructed by the Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly is named Rattray Park in his memory.

Akan goldweights
Akan goldweights (locally known as mrammou or abrammuo) are weights made of brass used as a measuring system by the Akan people of West Africa, particularly for secure and fair-trade arrangements with one another. The status of a man increased significantly if he owned a complete set of weights. Complete small sets of weights were gifts to newly wedded men. This insured that he would be able to enter the merchant trade respectably and successfully.

Beyond their practical application, the weights are miniature representations of West African culture items such as adinkra symbols, plants, animals and people.

Crocodile goldweight

Geometric goldweight

Figurative goldweight