hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Valley Gardens Middle School
Valley Gardens Middle School is located in Monkseaton, Whitley Bay in North Tyneside, United Kingdom. The Headteacher is David Godfrey.  It is the largest middle school in Whitley Bay, with about 730 pupils on roll and SATs results are significantly above the national average.  It serves a mainly suburban catchment.

Its motto is "What do you want to achieve?"

Most students transfer to Whitley Bay High School at the end of Year 8 due to its close proximity.

Prior to school reorganisation in the 1970s the building was a secondary modern; hence it has always had relatively good technology facilities for a middle school.

National Curriculum assessment
The National Curriculum assessment usually refers to the statutory assessments carried out in primary schools in England, colloquially known as standard assessment tasks (SATs). The assessments are made up of a combination of testing and teacher assessment judgements and are used in all government-funded primary schools in England to assess the attainment of pupils against the programmes of study of the National Curriculum at the end of Key Stages 1 and 2 where all pupils are aged 6 to 7 and 10 to 11 respectively. Until 2008, assessments were also required at the end of Key Stage 3 (14-year-olds) in secondary schools after which they were scrapped.
HMS Drake (1777)
HMS Drake was a Royal Navy 14-gun ship rigged sloop-of-war with a displacement of 275 tons burthen. A former trading boat, the Drake was purchased and fitted out by the Royal Navy in 1777, to serve during the American Revolutionary War. Following a naval duel with Ranger of the Continental Navy in 1778, she was captured and sold in France. Drake then served as an escort ship for French convoys until 1781, when she joined the fleet protecting the Dutch Cape Colony and was purchased and incorporated into the French Navy. From 1782 to 1786, Drake was active in the Indian Ocean, after which date its status is unclear, possibly having been sold or broken up.

Bago, Myanmar
Bago (formerly spelled Pegu; Burmese: ပဲခူးမြို့, MLCTS: pai: khu: mrui., IPA: [bəɡó mjo̰]), formerly known as Hanthawaddy, is the capital of the Bago Region in Myanmar. It is located 91 kilometres (57 mi) north-east of Yangon. The city had a population of 179,505 people in 2019 and was a historical capital of the Taungoo Dynasty and is known for its large pagodas.
1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey
The 1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey were held on November 4, 1980, to determine who would represent the people of New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives. This election coincided with national elections for President, U.S. House and U.S. Senate. New Jersey had fourteen seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1980 United States census. Representatives are elected for two-year terms.

Matthew J. Rinaldo
Matthew John "Matt" Rinaldo (September 1, 1931 – October 13, 2008) was an American Republican Party politician who represented New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives for ten terms, serving in the 12th congressional district (1973–1983) and in the 7th congressional district (1983–1993).
Theodor Lindner
Ernst Friedrich Theodor Lindner (29 May 1843, in Breslau – 24 November 1919, in Halle an der Saale) was a German historian.

He studied history, ancient philology and Sanskrit at the University of Breslau, and at the same time worked as an assistant at the municipal library. He continued his education at the University of Berlin as a student of Johann Gustav Droysen and Leopold von Ranke, and graduated with a dissertation on the Council of Mantua of 1064. In 1868 he qualified as a lecturer at Breslau, and six years later became an associate professor. In 1876 he was named a full professor at the Academy in Münster, where in 1883/84 he served as academic rector. In 1888 he relocated to the University of Halle as successor to Ernst Dümmler.

University of Münster
The University of Münster (German: Universität Münster, until 2023 German: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, WWU) is a public research university located in the city of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

With more than 43,000 students and over 120 fields of study in 15 departments, it is Germany's fifth largest university and one of the foremost centers of German intellectual life. The university offers a wide range of subjects across the sciences, social sciences and the humanities. Several courses are also taught in English, including PhD programmes as well as postgraduate courses in geoinformatics, geospational technologies or information systems.

Professors and former students have won ten Leibniz Prizes, the most prestigious as well as the best-funded prize in Europe, one Fields Medal and two Nobel Prizes. The University of Münster has also been successful in the German government's Excellence Initiative.
Antigonae
Antigonae (Antigone), written by Carl Orff, was first presented on 9 August 1949 under the direction of Ferenc Fricsay in the Felsenreitschule, Salzburg, Austria, as part of the Salzburg Festival. Antigonae is in Orff's words a "musical setting" for the Greek tragedy of the same name by Sophocles. However, it functions as an opera.

The opera is a line-by-line setting of the German translation of Sophocles' play by Friedrich Hölderlin. However, Orff did not treat Hölderlin's translation of the play as a traditional opera libretto, but rather as the basis for a "musical transformation" of the tragic language of the drama of Ancient Greece. Sophocles's play was written in 442 BC, and Hölderlin's 1804 translation copies faithfully the mood and movement of Greek tragedy.

Jürgen Maehder
Jürgen Maehder (born 1950) is a German musicologist and opera director. He discovered Franco Alfano's original version of the finale for the third act of Puccini's Turandot. He has lectured and staged opera internationally.
Nepal Bhasa Manka Khala
Nepāl Bhāsā Mankā Khala (Nepali: नेपालभाषा मनका खला) is an umbrella organization of groups and societies dedicated to the development of Nepal Bhasa and culture in Nepal. It was founded in 1979 by Newar language lovers to fight for linguistic and cultural rights against the repression of the Panchayat regime.

Umbrella organization
An umbrella organization is an association of (often related, industry-specific) institutions who work together formally to coordinate activities and/or pool resources. In business, political, and other environments, it provides resources and identities to the smaller organizations. In this kind of arrangement, it is sometimes responsible, to some degree, for the groups under its care. Umbrella organizations are prominent in cooperatives and in civil society, and can engage in advocacy or collective bargaining on behalf of their members.
First Schröder cabinet
The First Schröder cabinet (German: Kabinett Schröder I) was the 19th Government of Federal Republic of Germany in office from 27 October 1998 until 22 October 2002. It succeeded the Fifth Kohl cabinet formed after the 1998 elections. Gerhard Schröder, Minister President of Lower Saxony, reached an agreement on a coalition with the Alliance 90/The Greens (Greens) and his Social Democratic Party (SPD), setting the stage for Schröder to become Chancellor of Germany. Joschka Fischer (Greens) replaced Klaus Kinkel (FDP) as Vice-Chancellor of Germany and Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs. The cabinet was succeeded by the Second Schröder cabinet.

1998 German federal election
A federal election was held in Germany on 27 September 1998 to elect the members of the 14th Bundestag. The Social Democratic Party (SPD) emerged as the largest faction in parliament for the first time since 1972, with its leader Gerhard Schröder becoming chancellor. The Christian Democrats had their worst election result since 1949.
Al-Aman Mosque
Al-Aman Mosque is located in Souk Ahras, Algeria, in the city center. It covers an area of 5,688 square meters and can accommodate 4,400 worshippers. It includes a library with 200 seats, a parking lot, and a Quranic school. Construction of this religious edifice with its striking aesthetic architecture began in early February 2011 with a program license of 885 million Algerian dinars, and was handed over in 2016.

Souk Ahras
Souk Ahras (Arabic: سوق أهراس, romanized: Sūq Ahrās) is a municipality in Algeria. It is the capital of Souk Ahras Province. The Numidian city of Thagaste (or Tagaste), on whose ruins Souk Ahras was built, was the birthplace of Augustine of Hippo and a center of Berber culture.
Anaxagorea javanica
Anaxagorea javanica is a rainforest plant belonging to the family Annonaceae, native to the East Indies. According to David Mabberley, it has fruit which scatter its seeds by exploding. Mabberley does not discuss the nature of the explosion.

East Indies
The East Indies (or simply the Indies) is a term used in historical narratives of the Age of Discovery. The Indies broadly referred to various lands in the East or the Eastern Hemisphere, particularly the islands and mainlands found in and around the Indian Ocean by Portuguese explorers, soon after the Cape Route was discovered. In a narrow sense, the term was used to refer to the Malay Archipelago, which today comprises the Philippine Archipelago, Indonesian Archipelago, Borneo, and New Guinea. Historically, the term was used in the Age of Discovery to refer to the coasts of the landmasses comprising the Indian subcontinent and the Indochinese Peninsula along with the Malay Archipelago.
Sharada Mandir School
Sharada Mandir School is a private co-educational school in Miramar, Panaji, Goa, India, serving students from nursery to higher secondary level. It was established in 1966 and affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations.

The school follows the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) up till Std.10 and is now affiliated with the Indian School Certificate for Std. 12. In the late 2000s, the school was acquired by the industrialist Dattaraj V. Salgaocar (son of Vasudev Salgaocar), who now heads the Board of Trustees as well as the Managing Committee along with his wife Dipti (daughter of Dhirubhai Ambani) and their daughter Isheta (sister-in-law of Nirav Modi).

The school has a wide range of equipment and facilities, ranging from playgrounds, sand pits and yoga rooms to auditoriums and special-education centres.

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations
The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) is a non-governmental privately held national-level board of school education in India that conducts the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination for Class X and the Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII. G. Immanuel is the current Chairman of CISCE.
Klong yao
Klong yao: 240  (Thai: กลองยาว, pronounced [klɔːŋ jaːw]), also known as the Khawng yao in Laos, is a type of traditional long drum used in Thailand and Laos. It is generally slung over the shoulder and played with the hands, but can also be played sat down. Drums have a wooden body and a drumhead made from water buffalo skin, and usually are decorated with a colorful skirt. It is played in many festival parades in Thailand. Extremely large klong yao, which may be up to 10 m in length, are sometimes encountered in parades, where they are carried by truck.

Similar drums are used by the Dai people of the Yunnan province of southwest China, as well as in Burma. It is the equivalent of the Cambodian skor chhaiyam.

Drumhead
A drumhead or drum skin is a membrane stretched over one or both of the open ends of a drum. The drumhead is struck with sticks, mallets, or hands, so that it vibrates and the sound resonates through the drum.

Additionally outside of percussion instruments, drumheads are also used on some string instruments, most notably the banjo.
Alsophila montana
Alsophila montana, synonym Cyathea costulisora, is a species of tree fern native to Sumatra. The trunk is erect and usually 1–4 m tall. Fronds are bi- or tripinnate and 1–2 m long. The stipe is covered with warts and scales. The scales are either pale and glossy or dark and flat. Sori occur near the fertile pinnule midvein and are covered by large, firm, brown indusia.

Scale (zoology)
In zoology, a scale (Ancient Greek: λεπίς, romanized: lepís; Latin: squāma) is a small rigid plate made out of keratin that grows out of vertebrate animals' skin to provide protection. In lepidopterans (butterflies and moths), scales are plates on the surface of the insect wing, made out of chitin instead of keratin, and provide coloration. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times through convergent evolution, with varying structure and function.

Scales are generally classified as part of an organism's integumentary system. There are various types of scales according to the shape and class of an animal.
Sam Porcello
Samuel J. Porcello (1935 or 1936 – May 12, 2012) was an American food scientist who worked at Nabisco for 34 years. He is particularly noted for his work on the modern Oreo cookie. Porcello held five patents directly related to the Oreo. In particular, Porcello was the inventor of one version of the white Oreo cookie creme-filling. He was credited as the inventor of the current recipe in his obituary, but the recipe changed twice in 1997 and 2006 to become kosher and trans-fat-free, respectively. His work earned him the nickname, "Mr. Oreo."

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
Clinopodium chilense
Clinopodium chilense, synonyms including Satureja gilliesii, is a plant in the family Lamiaceae (the mint family). C. chilense is endemic to central Chile. It is found in the La Campana National Park area, in association with the endangered Chilean wine palm, Jubaea chilensis.

Jubaea
Jubaea is a genus of palms with one species, Jubaea chilensis, commonly known in English as the Chilean wine palm or Chile cocopalm, and palma chilena in Spanish. It is native to southwestern South America and is endemic to a small area of central Chile between 32°S and 35°S in southern Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Santiago, O'Higgins, and northern Maule regions.

The extinct palm tree of Easter Island belonged to this genus as well. In 1991, the Easter Island palm was placed in its own genus, Paschalococos. However, this has not been widely accepted.
Sztombergi
Sztombergi [ʂtɔmˈbɛrɡi] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Staszów, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Staszów and 53 km (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Staszów County
Staszów County (Polish: powiat staszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Staszów, which lies 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Połaniec, lying 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Staszów, and Osiek, 21 km (13 mi) east of Staszów.

The county covers an area of 924.80 square kilometres (357.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is  67,331, out of which the population of Staszów is  14,762, that of Połaniec is  8,098, that of Osiek is  2,007, and the rural population is  42,464.
1961 Guatemalan parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Guatemala on 3 December 1961, in order to elect half the seats in Congress. Following the election, the National Democratic Reconciliation Party-National Democratic Movement-Democratic Unity Party alliance held 50 of the 66 seats. Voter turnout was just 44.48%.

Congress of the Republic of Guatemala
The Congress of the Republic (Spanish: Congreso de la República) is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of Guatemala. The Guatemalan Congress is made up of 160 deputies who are elected by direct universal suffrage to serve four-year terms. The electoral system is closed party list proportional representation. 31 of the deputies are elected on a nationwide list, whilst the remaining 127 deputies are elected in 22 multi-member constituencies. Each of Guatemala's 22 departments serves as a district, with the exception of the department of Guatemala containing the capital, which on account of its size is divided into two (distrito central and distrito Guatemala). Departments are allocated seats based on their population size and they are shown in the table below.
Flying Rhythms
Flying Rhythms are a drum and bass musical group. Founded in Tokyo in 2002, the band's current lineup consists of Naoyuki Uchida and Latyr Sy and Yoshio Kuge. They have released five studio albums. The drummer KUGE and percussionist LATYR play minimalistic, primal beats on the stage while the sound engineer UCHIDA remixes the beats. Their unique and original style has caught the attention of DJs like David Mancusso, Nick the Record of Lifeforce Records, and Adrian Sherwood of On-U Sound Records. In 2004 Flying Rhythms released their first self-titled album, Flying Rhythms. In 2005 they released a re-mix album called Rhythm Connection and second album N'DANKA N'DANKA the following year. In 2006 they released a 38-minute-long version called "Do The Waves". In 2007 they released a new dance album, Rhythm Mebius.

On-U Sound Records
On-U Sound Records is an English record label known for releasing its own unique flavour of dub music since the 1980s. The label was founded by Adrian Sherwood in 1979/1980 and is home to acts such as Tackhead, Dub Syndicate, African Head Charge, Akabu, The London Underground, Little Annie, Creation Rebel, Mark Stewart, Gary Clail (who would have a number of Top 40 hits, like "Human Nature", credited to Gary Clail On-U Sound System), New Age Steppers, Audio Active, Asian Dub Foundation, and the dub collective Singers & Players.
Renata Baierová
Renata Baierová is a former competitive figure skater who represented Czechoslovakia. She is the 1979 Ennia Challenge Cup champion, 1979 Prague Skate silver medalist, and 1979 Prize of Moscow News bronze medalist. She competed at six ISU Championships, finishing in the top ten at the 1976 Junior Worlds in Megève and 1980 Europeans in Gothenburg.

Baierová finished 16th at the World Championships in 1979 and 1980. She trained at TJ Stadion Brno. Her coach was Karol Divín.

Prague Skate
The Prague Skate (sometimes titled Golden Skate; from 1994: Czech Skate) is an international figure skating competition. It was a senior event from the 1960s to 1997, usually held in November or December in Prague. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and pair skating. Since 1999, it is organized in some years as part of the ISU Junior Grand Prix series.
Holobiont
A holobiont is an assemblage of a host and the many other species living in or around it, which together form a discrete ecological unit through symbiosis, though there is controversy over this discreteness. The components of a holobiont are individual species or bionts, while the combined genome of all bionts is the hologenome. The holobiont concept was initially introduced by the German theoretical biologist Adolf Meyer-Abich in 1943, and then apparently independently by Dr. Lynn Margulis in her 1991 book Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary Innovation. The concept has evolved since the original formulations. Holobionts include the host, virome, microbiome, and any other organisms which contribute in some way to the functioning of the whole. Well-studied holobionts include reef-building corals and humans.

Holism
Holism is the interdisciplinary idea that systems possess properties as wholes apart from the properties of their component parts.
The aphorism "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts", typically attributed to Aristotle, is often given as a summary of this proposal. The concept of holism can inform the methodology for a broad array of scientific fields and lifestyle practices. When applications of holism are said to reveal properties of a whole system beyond those of its parts, these qualities are referred to as emergent properties of that system. Holism in all contexts is often placed in opposition to reductionism, a dominant notion in the philosophy of science that systems containing parts contain no unique properties beyond those parts. Proponents of holism consider the search for emergent properties within systems to be demonstrative of their perspective.
Methiocarb
Methiocarb is a carbamate pesticide (an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor) which is used as an insecticide, bird repellent, acaricide and molluscicide since the 1960s. Methiocarb has contact and stomach action on mites and neurotoxic effects on molluscs. Seeds treated with methiocarb also affect birds. Other names for methiocarb are mesurol and mercaptodimethur.

Due to its toxicity, methiocarb approval as a plant protection product has been withdrawn by the EU effective 2020.

Insecticide
Insecticides are pesticides used to kill insects. They include ovicides and larvicides used against insect eggs and larvae, respectively. The major use of insecticides is in agriculture, but they are also used in home and garden settings, industrial buildings, for vector control, and control of insect parasites of animals and humans.

Acaricides, which kill mites and ticks, are not strictly insecticides, but are usually classified together with insecticides. Some insecticides (including common bug sprays) are effective against other non-insect arthropods as well, such as scorpions, spiders, etc. Insecticides are distinct from insect repellents, which repel but do not kill.
WSBZ
WSBZ (106.3 FM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a smooth jazz format. Licensed to Miramar Beach, Florida, United States, the station serves the Ft Walton Beach metropolitan area.  The station is owned by Carter Broadcasting, Inc.

The studios and offices are on Bay Drive in Santa Rosa Beach, Florida and the transmitter is near Mack Bayou Road.

Smooth jazz
Smooth jazz is a commercially oriented style crossover jazz music. Although often described as a “genre,” it remains a debated and sometimes controversial topic among jazz musicians and critics. As a radio format, however, smooth jazz radio became the successor to easy listening music on radio station programming from the mid-1970s through the early 1990s.
Steven Grant
Steven Grant (born October 22, 1953) is an American comic book writer best known for his work with Trouser Press, his 1985–1986 Marvel Comics mini-series The Punisher with artist Mike Zeck, and for his creator-owned character Whisper.

IDW Publishing
IDW Publishing is an American publisher of comic books, graphic novels, art books, and comic strip collections. It was founded in 1999 as the publishing division of Idea and Design Works, LLC (IDW) and is recognized as the fifth-largest comic book publisher in the United States, behind Marvel, DC, Dark Horse, and Image Comics, ahead of other comic book publishers such as Archie, Boom!, Dynamite, Valiant, and Oni Press. The company is known for its licensed comic book adaptations of films, television shows, video games, and cartoons.