hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hebesu
Hebesu or hebezu (平兵衛酢) is a small Japanese citrus fruit. It is green in color, rich in acid and reported to have high amounts of a specific flavonoid which supposedly has anti-cancer properties.

The fruit is considered a local delicacy of Hyūga, Miyazaki. It has been claimed it is similar to both kabosu (Citrus sphaerocarpa) and sudachi (Citrus sudach) but the fruit is not as well known outside Miyazaki Prefecture. Supposedly, the fruit was initially found during the Edo period by a Chōsokabe Heibei, from whom the fruit got its name (which means "Hebe's vinegar"). Chōsokabe began growing it on his land in what is now the Nishikawauchi Tomitaka area of Hyūga city.

Hebesu are grown in greenhouses are available from June, while those grown outdoor ship between the end of July until October.

The essential oils of the peel of the fruit have been studied, as well as an oxygen effects study.

Hyūga, Miyazaki
Hyūga (日向市, Hyūga-shi) is a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 October 2023, the city had an estimated population of 57,746, and a  population density of 170 persons per km².,  making it the 4th largest city in Miyazaki Prefecture in terms of population. The total area of the city is 336.94 km2 (130.09 sq mi). Hyūga is a port city known for the production of Go stones and for beaches, many of which are popular surfing spots.
Packera multilobata
Packera multilobata is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common name lobeleaf groundsel. It is native to the western United States from California to Wyoming to New Mexico, where it is common and can be found in many habitat types.

It is an annual or perennial herb producing a single stem or a cluster of several stems up to about half a meter tall from a taproot and branching caudex unit. The leaves are divided into several lobes, often so deeply that they look like separate leaflets. The inflorescence is a wide array of flower heads lined with green or yellowish phyllaries and containing many yellow disc florets. Most heads have a fringe of yellow ray florets, but at times these can be absent.

Parts of this plant were used medicinally by Native American peoples including the Navajo and Yavapai.

Navajo
The Navajo are an Indigenous People of the Southwestern United States. Their language is Navajo (Navajo: Diné bizaad), a Southern Athabascan language.

The states with the largest Diné populations are Arizona (140,263) and New Mexico (108,305). More than three-quarters of the Diné population resides in these two states.

The overwhelming majority of Diné are enrolled in the Navajo Nation. Some Diné are enrolled in the Colorado River Indian Tribes, another federally recognized tribe.

With more than 399,494 enrolled tribal citizens as of 2021, the Navajo Nation is the second largest federally recognized tribe in the United States. The Navajo Nation has the largest reservation in the country. The reservation straddles the Four Corners region and covers more than 27,325 square miles (70,770 square kilometers) of land in Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico. The Navajo Reservation is slightly larger than the state of West Virginia.
Elizabeth Whittingham
Elizabeth Whittingham is a former lecturer in English at the State University of New York College, Brockport, New York. She is known for her Tolkien studies research, including her 2008 book The Evolution of Tolkien's Mythology, which examines the development of his legendarium as published in the 12-volume The History of Middle-earth.

Tolkien Studies
Tolkien Studies:  An Annual Scholarly Review is an academic journal founded in 2004 publishing papers on the works of J. R. R. Tolkien. The journal's founding editors are Douglas A. Anderson, Michael D. C. Drout, and Verlyn Flieger, and the current editors are Drout, Flieger, and David Bratman. It states that it is the first scholarly journal published by an academic press in the area of Tolkien research (at least in the English language).
Goldfish scooping
Goldfish scooping (金魚すくい, 金魚掬い, Kingyo-sukui) is a traditional Japanese game in which a player scoops goldfish with a paper scooper. It is also called "Scooping Goldfish", "Dipping for Goldfish", or "Snatching Goldfish". Kingyo means "goldfish" and sukui means "scooping". Sometimes bouncy balls are used instead of goldfish. Japanese summer festivals or ennichi commonly have a stall for this activity.

Ennichi
Ennichi (縁日, "related day") is a day believed to have a special relation (en) with a particular Japanese deity. Often, it is a day when a deity is believed to have been born or left the world. In Shinto, this day is encouraged to be embraced as it is in the "four affirmations" of their religious code.  Japanese people generally think that visiting a temple or a shrine on these holy days related to Kami and/or Buddha will bring greater fortunes than on regular days. Therefore, temples and shrines often hold festivals.  At such events, there are generally a large number of food stalls selling Japanese food, such as takoyaki, okonomiyaki, grilled corn, and cotton candy.
Brüggen Castle
Brüggen Castle (German: Burg Brüggen) is a water castle in the southeastern part of the Lower Rhine municipality of Brüggen in North Rhine-Westphalia. It was the most important castle in the north of the Duchy of Jülich.

The castle was built by the Count of Kessel in the 13th century to guard a ford over the River Schwalm. In the early 14th century it went into the possession of the dukes of Jülich, who had the existing building replaced by a quadrangular castle made from brick. After the occupation of Brüggen in 1794 by Napoleonic troops it was confiscated and resold by the French government to a private individual at the beginning of the 19th century. Today part of the castle houses a hunting and natural history museum.

Jülich
Jülich (German pronunciation: [ˈjyːlɪç] ⓘ; in old spellings also known as Guelich or Gülich, Dutch: Gulik, French: Juliers, Ripuarian: Jöllesch) is a town in the district of Düren, in the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, in western Germany. As a border region between the competing powers in the Lower Rhine and Meuse areas, the town and the Duchy of Jülich played a historic role from the Middle Ages up to the 17th century.

The town is well known in the state for being home to Forschungszentrum Jülich, one of the largest national research institutions in Europe.
Schulich School of Music
The Schulich School of Music (also known as Schulich) is one of the constituent faculties of McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 555, Rue Sherbrooke Ouest (555, Sherbrooke Street West). The faculty was named after the benefactor Seymour Schulich.

McGill University's Schulich School of Music runs 50 different programs in research and performance and holds 700 concerts annually. Over 35% of the student body is international. At least 13 Grammy Award winners have been affiliated with the Schulich School of Music, including George Massenburg, Estelí Gomez, Serban Ghenea, Steven Epstein, Jennifer Gasoi, Brian Losch, Chilly Gonzales, Win Butler, Jason O'Connell, Nick Squire, Leonard Cohen, Richard King, Régine Chassagne, and Burt Bacharach.

Marvin Duchow
Marvin Duchow (June 10, 1914 – May 24, 1979) was a Canadian composer, teacher and musicologist who lived and worked in Montreal, Quebec. He was an expert on Renaissance music and the music of eighteenth century France. The McGill University Music Library in Montreal is named after him, as is the Duchow String Quartet.
Athletics at the 2019 European Games
Athletics at the 2019 European Games took place at the Dinamo Stadium between 23 and 28 June 2019. For the first time in an international event, a new competition format called Dynamic New Athletics (DNA) was contested.

2019 European Games
The 2nd European Games 2019 (Belarusian: II Еўрапейскія гульні, Jeŭrapiejskija huĺni 2019; Russian: II Европейские игры, Yevropeyskiye igry 2019), also known as the 2019 European Games or Minsk 2019 (Belarusian: Мінск 2019; Russian: Минск 2019), were held in Minsk, Belarus, from 21 June to 30 June 2019. The games featured 200 events in 15 sports (23 disciplines). Around 4,000 athletes from 50 countries participated. Ten of the sports offered qualification opportunities for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The opening ceremony at the Dinamo Stadium was held on 21 June, and the closing ceremony at the same venue was held on 30 June.

The logo of the games was "paparać-kvietka"—a plant that plays an important role in the culture of the Slavs. The slogan of the event is "Bright Year, Bright You", which also makes reference to the national domain of the Republic of Belarus and the official international shortening—BY.
Henry Oxley (politician)
Henry Molesworth Oxley (10 April 1826 – 20 March 1867) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Kirkham near Camden to John Oxley and Emma Norton. In 1828, following the death of his father, he received a grant of land on the Wingecarribee River near Bowral in his father's honour. On 4 November 1854 he married Emily Orchard, with whom he had four children. In 1859 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Camden, but he was defeated in 1860. Oxley died at Wingecarribee in 1867.

Bowral
Bowral (/ˈbaʊrəl/ BOW-rəl) is the largest town in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales, Australia. It is 132 kilometres (82 mi) south-west of Sydney and 169 kilometres (105 mi) north-east of Canberra. It is the main business and entertainment precinct of the Wingecarribee Shire and the Southern Highlands.

Bowral once served as a rural summer retreat for the gentry of Sydney, resulting in the establishment of a number of estates and manor houses in the district. Bowral is often associated with the cricketer Sir Donald Bradman.

Bowral is close to several other historic towns, being 5 kilometres (3 mi) from Mittagong, 9 kilometres (6 mi) from both Moss Vale and Berrima. The suburb of East Bowral and the village of Burradoo are nearby.
New York State Route 990L
New York State Route 990L (NY 990L) is a reference route in Chenango County, New York, in the United States. The western terminus of the route is at an intersection with NY 12 in the city of Norwich. Its eastern terminus is at a junction with NY 23 in the town of Norwich. NY 990L is one of four reference routes in New York that has been signed as a touring route. The highway is known as East Main Street in the city of Norwich and as East River Road in the town of Norwich. Both roads were designated state arterial highways in 1954, requiring the state to pay for all maintenance on the roads.

Chenango River
The Chenango River is a 90-mile-long (140 km) tributary of the Susquehanna River in central New York in the United States. It drains a dissected plateau area in upstate New York at the northern end of the Susquehanna watershed.

Named after the Oneida word for bull thistle,  in the 19th century the Chenango furnished a critical link in the canal system of the northeastern United States. The Chenango Canal, built from 1836–1837 between Utica and Binghamton, connected the Erie Canal in the north to the Susquehanna River. The canal was rendered obsolete by railroads and was abandoned in 1878.

Flooding is often a concern during the spring and fall.
Election law and voting rights under the second Trump administration
The second Trump administration has issued executive orders and other presidential directives instituting federal department and agency actions that have impacted election administration by state governments, federal election security and campaign finance agencies, and offices within the U.S. Justice Department for enforcing voting rights protections. The administration's actions on election law and voting rights have occurred alongside the administration's targeting of political opponents and Republican Party efforts to disrupt voting after the 2024 presidential election. Election lawyers at the Brennan Center for Justice and Democracy Docket have described the administration's actions as election subversion, while surveys of U.S. political scientists conducted after Trump returned to office have found a consensus that the United States is transitioning towards illiberal democracy and competitive authoritarianism with future elections in the country not expected to be free or fair.

Free and fair election
A free and fair election is defined  as an election in which "coercion is comparatively uncommon". This definition was popularized by political scientist Robert Dahl. A free and fair election involves political freedoms and fair processes leading up to the vote, a fair count of eligible voters who cast a ballot, a lack of electoral fraud or voter suppression, and acceptance of election results by all parties. An election may partially meet international standards for free and fair elections, or may meet some standards but not others.
Scottish Slaters, Tilers, Roofers and Cement Workers' Society
The Scottish Slaters', Tilers', Roofers' and Cement Workers' Society was a trade union representing slaters in Scotland.

The union was founded in Glasgow in 1866 as the Amalgamated Slaters' Society of Scotland, and initially focused on providing strike pay and funeral benefits to members.  When the City of Glasgow Bank collapsed in 1878, most building projects in Scotland stopped, and of the trade unions representing building workers in the nation, only the Amalgamated Slaters survived.  This survival started a period of great success for the union; slaters went from being the worst-paid building workers to the best paid, and membership rose, reaching a peak of 1,383 by 1903.  However, it thereafter fell gradually.

In 1948, the union was renamed as the "Scottish Slaters', Tilers', Roofers' and Cement Workers' Society" in an effort to increase its scope.  It merged into the Transport and General Workers' Union in 1968.

Strike pay
Strike pay is a payment made by a trade union to workers who are on strike to help in meeting their basic needs while on strike, often out of a special reserve known as a strike fund. Union workers reason that the availability of strike pay increases their leverage at the bargaining table and actually decreases the probability of a strike, since the employers are aware that their employees have this financial resource available to them if they choose to strike. When workers strike, they can also subsist using pre-strike income and savings.

It has also been used in Australian law to mean payments by employers to compensate lost earnings by employees during industrial action. Strike pay, under the usual meaning above, "is relatively uncommon in both Australia and New Zealand" according to Velden et al.
Don't Listen
Don't Listen (Spanish: Voces, lit. 'Voices') is a 2020 Spanish supernatural horror thriller film directed by Ángel Gómez Hernández in his feature film debut. Its cast features Rodolfo Sancho, Ana Fernández, Ramón Barea, and Belén Fabra, among others.

When a family relocate to a haunted house, their lives are upended by psychophonies. Seasoned parapsychologist Germán and his daughter Ruth (a skeptical sound engineer) come in to provide help to Daniel.

Supernatural horror film
Supernatural horror film is a film genre that combines aspects of supernatural film and horror film. Supernatural occurrences in such films often include ghosts and demons, and many supernatural horror films have elements of religion. Common themes in the genre are the afterlife, the devil, and demonic possession. Not all supernatural horror films focus on religion, and they can have "more vivid and gruesome violence".
Terrace ledge kink model
In chemistry, the terrace ledge kink (TLK) model, which is also referred to as the terrace step kink (TSK) model, describes the thermodynamics of crystal surface formation and transformation, as well as the energetics of surface defect formation. It is based upon the idea that the energy of an atom's position on a crystal surface is determined by its bonding to neighboring atoms and that transitions simply involve the counting of broken and formed bonds. The TLK model can be applied to surface science topics such as crystal growth, surface diffusion, roughening, and vaporization.

Surface science
Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid–liquid interfaces, solid–gas interfaces, solid–vacuum interfaces, and liquid–gas interfaces. It includes the fields of surface chemistry and surface physics. Some related practical applications are classed as surface engineering. The science encompasses concepts such as heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductor device fabrication, fuel cells, self-assembled monolayers, and adhesives. Surface science is closely related to interface and colloid science. Interfacial chemistry and physics are common subjects for both. The methods are different. In addition, interface and colloid science studies macroscopic phenomena that occur in heterogeneous systems due to peculiarities of interfaces.
The Weary Kind
"The Weary Kind" (full title "The Weary Kind (Theme from Crazy Heart)") is a country song written by Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett for the film Crazy Heart, a 2009 film directed by Scott Cooper starring Jeff Bridges and Maggie Gyllenhaal. Colin Farrell and Bridges perform renditions of the song in the film. Bingham and his Dead Horses serve as Bridges' backing band in the film.

The official version on the soundtrack album Crazy Heart: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is performed by Ryan Bingham. Jeff Bridges sang a live version during his interview with Peter Travers on ABC News Now. The song was later included as the last track on Bingham's 2010 album Junky Star.

Scott Cooper (director)
Scott Cooper (born April 20, 1970) is an American filmmaker and former actor. He is known for the films Crazy Heart (2009), Out of the Furnace (2013), Black Mass (2015), Hostiles (2017), Antlers (2021), The Pale Blue Eye (2022), and Springsteen: Deliver Me from Nowhere (2025).
HMS Mansfield
Two ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Mansfield:

HMS Mansfield (1914), a Hawthorn M-class destroyer launched in 1914, sold for breaking up in 1921. and named for Captain Charles Mansfield who commanded HMS Minotaur at the Battle of Trafalgar.

HMS Mansfield (G76), previously USS Evans (DD-78) launched in 1918, transferred from the US Navy in 1940 as a Town-class destroyer, decommissioned in 1944; named for towns of that name in the United Kingdom and the United States.

HMS Mansfield (1914)
HMS Mansfield was a Hawthorn Leslie M-class destroyer that served in the Royal Navy during the First World War. The M class was an improvement on those of the preceding L class, capable of higher speed. Built by the Tyneside shipbuilder Hawthorn Leslie, the destroyer was launched in 1915 and joined the Harwich Force as an anti-submarine escort for merchant ships in the Southwest Approaches and English Channel. In between that service, in 1916, Mansfield  accompanied the seaplane carrier Vindex on a seaplane raid on German Zeppelin sheds during which the destroyer assisted in the sinking of two German patrol boats. In 1918, the vessel supported attacks by British monitors and submarines against Zeebrugge and escorted Vindictive to Ostend where the retired protected cruiser was sunk as a blockship. After the Armistice, Mansfield was placed in reserve before being sold to be broken up in 1921.
Balaena Islands
The Balaena Islands are a small group of rocky islands lying close to the coast of Antarctica, 19 kilometres (10 nmi) northeast of Cape Folger. They were first mapped from air photos taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump, 1946–47, and were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names after the British floating factory Balaena, from which sketches of Knox Coast and Budd Coast were obtained as the result of reconnaissance flights and shipboard observations in 1947.

Budd Coast
Budd Coast (66°30′S 112°0′E﻿ / ﻿66.500°S 112.000°E﻿ / -66.500; 112.000), part of Wilkes Land, is that portion of the coast of Antarctica lying between the Hatch Islands, at 109°16'E, and Cape Waldron, at 115°33'E. It was discovered in February 1840 by the U.S. Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under the leadership of Lieutenant Charles Wilkes, and named by Wilkes for Thomas A. Budd, Acting Master of the sloop Peacock, one of the ships used on the expedition. A portion of the Puget Sound, Budd Inlet, is also named for Thomas Budd.
Bohuslav urban hromada
Bohuslav urban hromada (Ukrainian: Богуславська міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Obukhiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast. Its administrative center is the city of Bohuslav.

It has an area of 492.6 square kilometres (190.2 mi2) and a population of 25,404, as of 2023.

The hromada contains 26 settlements: 1 city (Bohuslav), and 25 villages:

Obukhiv Raion
Obukhiv Raion (Ukrainian: Обухівський район, romanized: Obukhivskyi raion) is a raion (district) in Kyiv Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is Obukhiv. Population: 227,209 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Obukhiv Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Kaharlyk and Myronivka Raions, as well of Obukhiv Municipality and the cities of Vasylkiv and Rzhyshchiv, which were previously incorporated as cities of oblast significance, and parts of Bohuslav, Kyiv-Sviatoshyn, and Vasylkiv Raions, were merged into Obukhiv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 35,278 (2020 est.).
Sam Avezou
Sam Avezou (born 22 March 2001) is a French rock climber who specializes in competition climbing. He won the silver medal in the bouldering event at the 2022 IFSC Climbing European Championships. He qualified for the boulder and lead combined event at the 2024 Summer Olympics, placing 11th overall.

2022 IFSC Climbing European Championships
The 2022 IFSC Climbing European Championships, the 14th edition, was held in Munich, Germany from 11 to 18 August 2022 as part of 2022 European Championships. The competition climbing event consisted of lead, speed, bouldering, and combined events.
Knetsch v. United States
Knetsch v. United States, 364 U.S. 361 (1960), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court concerning taxation law.

The taxpayer was a saver who was convinced to buy a deferred annuity because the inside buildup on such policies is tax-deferred. However, he wanted to claim a deduction on the money he borrowed that he used to buy the annuity. The IRS won and the taxpayer was denied the deduction. An understanding of the economics would immediately reveal that the only reason the transaction had any chance of making sense for the taxpayer was the asymmetric way the-then current tax code allowed a current deduction on the loan liability at the same time allowed tax deferral on the purchased asset. Success would have legitimated tax arbitrage.

Tax deduction
A tax deduction is an amount deducted from taxable income, usually based on expenses such as those incurred to produce additional income. Tax deductions are a form of tax incentives, along with exemptions and tax credits. The difference between deductions, exemptions, and credits is that deductions and exemptions both reduce taxable income, while credits reduce tax.