hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francis Mackenzie (missionary)
Francis Mackenzie, was a Scottish member of the Plymouth Brethren Nazarene group, who travelled to Belgrade to start work for the British and Foreign Bible Society to foster religious observance among the people of Principality of Serbia. He stayed in Belgrade from 1876 till 1895.

Principality of Serbia
The Principality of Serbia (Serbian: Књажество Србија, romanized: Knjažestvo Srbija) was an autonomous, later sovereign state in the Balkans that came into existence as a result of the Serbian Revolution. Its creation was negotiated first through an unwritten agreement between Miloš Obrenović, leader of the Second Serbian Uprising, and Ottoman official Marashli Pasha, followed by a series of decrees of the Sublime Porte in 1828–1833. Its de facto independence ensued in 1867, following the evacuation of the remaining Ottoman troops from the Belgrade Fortress and the country; its independence was recognized internationally in 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin. In 1882 the country was elevated to the status of kingdom.
Lemon Township, Butler County, Ohio
Lemon Township is one of thirteen townships in Butler County, Ohio, United States. Located in the northeastern part of the county, it includes most of the city of Monroe. It had a population of 16,885 at the 2020 census. It is the only Lemon Township statewide.

Monroe, Ohio
Monroe is a city in east central Butler and west central Warren counties in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 15,412 at the 2020 census. Monroe is a part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area.
McFarlin
McFarlin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Diane McFarlin, American journalist and newspaper publisher

Ivan McFarlin (born 1982), American basketball player

Robert J. McFarlin (1929-2017), American politician

Robert M. McFarlin (1866–1942), American businessman

Diane McFarlin
Diane McFarlin is an American journalist, educator, and publishing executive. McFarlin served as the publisher of the Sarasota Herald-Tribune before pursuing a career in academia and higher education. She retired in 2021 as dean of the University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications.
Odawara
Odawara (小田原市, Odawara-shi) is a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2025, the city had an estimated population of 185,027 and a population density of 1,700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 113.79 square kilometres (43.93 sq mi).

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Sir Harry Range
The Sir Harry Range is a small mountain range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located on the west side of Huaskin Lake, between Grappler Sound and Seymour Inlet, north of Port McNeill. It has an area of 18 km2 and is a subrange of the Pacific Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains.  The range was named for Sir Harry Verney whose son, Sir Edmund Verney commanded HMS Grappler while stationed at the Pacific Station from 1862 to 1866.

HMS Grappler (1856)
HMS Grappler was an Albacore-class gunboat of the Royal Navy.  She served on what is now the British Columbia Coast from 1859 until sold into commercial service in 1868.  She sank with significant loss of life as result of a fire in 1883.
Remember Me: The Mahalia Jackson Story
Remember Me: The Mahalia Jackson Story is an American biographical musical drama film directed by Denise Dowse (in her directing debut as well as her only directing credit before her death in August 2022) and written by Ericka Nicole Malone. The film stars Ledisi as gospel singer and activist Mahalia Jackson. Also starring Columbus Short, Wendy Raquel Robinson, Janet Hubert, Vanessa Williams, Corbin Bleu and Keith David. It premiered at the 2022 Pan African Film & Arts Festival in Los Angeles in April 2022. The film later premiered on Hulu on September 20, 2022.

The film received three NAACP Image Awards nomination at the 54th NAACP Image Awards: for Outstanding Independent Motion Picture, Outstanding Breakthrough Performance in a Motion Picture (Ledisi), and won Outstanding Breakthrough Creative (Motion Picture) (Ericka Nicole Malone).

Vanessa Estelle Williams
Vanessa Estelle Williams (born May 12, 1963) is an American actress and producer. She is best known for her roles as Maxine Joseph–Chadway in the Showtime drama series, Soul Food (2000–2004), for which she received NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series and as Nino Brown's feisty gun moll, Keisha in the 1991 crime drama film, New Jack City. Williams is also known for her role as Anne-Marie McCoy in the first and fourth of the Candyman films, and as Rhonda Blair in the first season of the Fox prime time soap opera, Melrose Place (1992–93).
1941–42 Segunda División
The 1941–42 Segunda División season saw 24 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league. Betis and Zaragoza was promoted to Primera División. Real Unión, Levante and Cartagena were relegated to Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol.

Levante UD
Levante Unión Deportiva, S.A.D. (Spanish: [leˈβante wˈnjon depoɾˈtiβa]) is a Spanish football club in Valencia, in the namesake autonomous community.

Founded on 6 September 1909, the club will compete in La Liga for the 2025–26 season, holding home games at Ciutat de València Stadium.
TIROS-M
TIROS-M, also known as ITOS-1 was a weather satellite operated by the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA). It was part of a series of satellites called ITOS, or improved TIROS. TIROS-M was launched on a Delta rocket on January 23, 1970. The launch carried one other satellite, Australis-OSCAR 5. It was deactivated on June 18, 1971.

TIROS M diagram

TIROS M mechanical and thermal test model

Image of Hurricane Ella prior to its landfall in northeast Mexico from September 11, 1970,  taken by ITOS-1

Sea-surface temperature map of the Southern Hemisphere created from ITOS data from September 6–8, 1970

Hurricane Ella (1970)
Hurricane Ella was the second of two major hurricanes to threaten Texas during the 1970 Atlantic hurricane season. The sixth tropical storm and third hurricane of the season, Ella developed on September 8 in the western Caribbean Sea. It moved across the Yucatán Peninsula as a tropical depression before rapidly intensifying into a hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico. Initially the hurricane was forecast to hit southern Texas, which prompted evacuations and hurricane warnings. This occurred about a month after Hurricane Celia caused significant damage across the region. Hurricane Ella ultimately turned to the west and maintained a track that spared Texas from significant impact. On September 12, it moved ashore in northeastern Mexico in the state of Tamaulipas with winds of 125 mph (201 km/h). The hurricane left one death due to a destroyed house. Ella weakened while moving inland and dissipated on September 13.
The Garden of Eden (1928 film)
The Garden of Eden is a 1928 American silent comedy drama film directed by Lewis Milestone and starring Corinne Griffith, Louise Dresser, and Lowell Sherman.  It was adapted from Avery Hopwood's short-lived stage production of the same name.

Charles Ray (actor)
Charles Edgar Ray (March 15, 1891 – November 23, 1943) was an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter. Ray rose to fame during the mid-1910s portraying young, wholesome hicks in silent comedy films.
Magma ocean
Magma oceans are vast fields of surface magma that exist during periods of a planet's or some natural satellite's accretion when the celestial body is completely or partly molten.

In the early Solar System, magma oceans were formed by the melting of planetesimals and planetary impacts. Small planetesimals are melted by the heat provided by the radioactive decay of aluminium-26. As planets grew larger, the energy was then supplied from giant impacts with other planetary bodies. Magma oceans are integral parts of planetary formation as they facilitate the formation of a core through metal segregation and an atmosphere and hydrosphere through degassing. Evidence exists to support the existence of magma oceans on both the Earth and the Moon. Magma oceans may survive for millions to tens of millions of years, interspersed by relatively mild conditions.

Melting
Melting, or fusion, is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This occurs when the internal energy of the solid increases, typically by the application of heat or pressure, which increases the substance's temperature to the melting point. At the melting point, the ordering of ions or molecules in the solid breaks down to a less ordered state, and the solid melts to become a liquid.

Substances in the molten state generally have reduced viscosity as the temperature increases. An exception to this principle is elemental sulfur, whose viscosity increases in the range of 130 °C to 190 °C due to polymerization.

Some organic compounds melt through mesophases, states of partial order between solid and liquid.
Pulborough Signal Box
Pulborough Signal Box is a signal box in Pulborough, Sussex. It has been Grade II listed building since 13 August 2013.

The box was built in 1878 and was a Saxby and Farmer type 5 design. This design was used from 1876 to 1896. This particular box has two stories, with the locking room on the ground floor and the operations room on the floor above. It is rectangular, two bays long by one bay wide.

John Saxby
John Saxby (17 August 1821 – 22 April 1913) was an English engineer from Brighton, noted for his work in railway signalling and the invention of the interlocking system of points and signals. He was later a partner in the firm Saxby and Farmer. He is regarded as "the father of modern signalling".
Tim Radford (British Army officer)
General Sir Timothy Buchan Radford, KCB, DSO, OBE (born 23 February 1963) is a retired British Army officer who served as Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe, Commander Allied Rapid Reaction Corps and Deputy Commander Resolute Support Mission.

General (United Kingdom)
General (or full general to distinguish it from the lower general officer ranks) is the highest rank achievable by serving officers of the British Army and the Royal Marines.  The rank can also be held by Royal Marines officers in tri-service posts, for example, Generals Sir Gordon Messenger and Sir Gwyn Jenkins, former Vice-Chiefs of the Defence Staff. It ranks above lieutenant-general and, in the Army, is subordinate to the rank of field marshal, which is now awarded as an honorary rank only.  The rank of general has a NATO-code of OF-9, and is a four-star rank.  It is equivalent to a full admiral in the Royal Navy or an air chief marshal in the Royal Air Force.

Officers holding the ranks of general, lieutenant-general and major-general are 'general officers' and may be addressed as 'general'.
Eretmocera medinella
Eretmocera medinella is a moth of the family Scythrididae. It was described by Otto Staudinger in 1859. It is found in Spain, Sardinia, Russia and Turkey (Erzurum and Igdir Provinces).

The wingspan is 10–12 mm.

The larvae feed on Suaeda species.

Scythrididae
Scythrididae (flower moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The family is sometimes included in the Xyloryctidae as a subfamily Scythridinae, but the Xyloryctidae themselves have sometimes been included in the Oecophoridae as subfamily. Scythrididae adults are smallish to mid-sized moths, which when at rest appear teardrop-shaped.
Brachygobius mekongensis
Brachygobius mekongensis is a species of goby from the subfamily Gobionellinae which is found in the Mekong basin in southern Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia (including Tonle Sap) and Laos where it lives in slow flowing waters and swamps among tangled roots and vegetation. This species is infrequently recorded in the aquarium trade and is potentially threatened by degradation of its habitat by drainage, water diversion and the building of dams and bridges.

Mekong
The Mekong or Mekong River (UK: /miːˈkɒŋ/ mee-KONG, US: /ˌmeɪˈkɔːŋ/ may-KAWNG) is a transboundary river in East Asia and Southeast Asia. It is the world's twelfth-longest river and the third-longest in Asia with an estimated length of 4,909 km (3,050 mi) and a drainage area of 795,000 km2 (307,000 sq mi), discharging 475 km3 (114 cu mi) of water annually. From its headwaters in the Tibetan Plateau, the river runs through Southwest China (where it is officially called the Lancang River), Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and southern Vietnam. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult, though the river remains a major trade route between Tibet and Southeast Asia. The construction of hydroelectric dams along the Mekong in the 2000s through the 2020s has caused serious problems for the river's ecosystem, including the exacerbation of drought.
Harold Roper
Sir Harold Roper, CBE, MC (2 September 1891 – 20 August 1971) was a British Conservative Party politician. After a career in British Burma, he returned to the United Kingdom and was Member of Parliament (MP) for North Cornwall from 1950 to 1959.

North Cornwall (UK Parliament constituency)
North Cornwall is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Ben Maguire, a Liberal Democrat since the 2024 general election. Like all British constituencies, the seat elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years. The seat was created in 1918. Since 1950, the constituency has been held by MPs from either the Conservative Party or the Liberal Democrats (including the party's predecessor, the Liberal Party).
Lavagnino
Lavagnino is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angelo Francesco Lavagnino (1909–1987), Italian classical composer

Sam Lavagnino (born 2006), American voice actor and YouTuber

Sam Lavagnino
Sam Lavagnino (born June 29, 2006) is an American voice actor and YouTuber. He is best known for his roles as Catbug in Bravest Warriors, young Grizz in We Bare Bears, Rolly in the first three seasons of Puppy Dog Pals, and Mr. Muffin in asdfmovie.
Alberto Milian
Alberto Milian (born November 12, 1960) is a Cuban-American soldier, lawyer and judge from Florida. He is a judge in the criminal division of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit Court of Florida.

He won the primary election on August 26, 2014, receiving 57.9 percent of the vote, and assumed office on January 6, 2015. He was re-elected in 2020; his term expires on January 5, 2027.

Milian is the son of celebrated Cuban journalist Emilio Milian.

Circuit court (Florida)
The Florida circuit courts are state courts and trial courts of original jurisdiction for most controversies. In Florida, the circuit courts are one of four types of courts created by the Florida Constitution (the other three being the Florida Supreme Court, Florida district courts of appeal, and Florida county courts).

The circuit courts primarily handle felony criminal cases; family law matters; civil cases where the amount in controversy is greater than $50,000; probate, guardianship, and mental health cases; juvenile dependency and delinquency cases; and appeals of decisions in certain administrative, noncriminal infractions, and other types of cases.
William Marlott
William Marlott (May 1574 – February 1646) of Shoreham was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons  between 1625 and 1646. He supported the Parliamentarian side in the English Civil War.

Marlott was born in Sussex, the son of Thomas Marlott and his wife Dorothy Stapley.

In 1624 Marlott was elected Member of Parliament for New Shoreham and held the seat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years. In April 1640, he was re-elected MP for New Shoreham in the Short Parliament and again in November 1640 for the Long Parliament and held the seat until his death in 1646. Marlott was absent on a call of the House on 5 February 1644, being on service of the Parliament. He took the Covenant on 27 March 1644.

Marlott died in 1646 and was buried on 8 February 1646 at Shoreham by Sea .

Shoreham-by-Sea
Shoreham-by-Sea (often shortened to Shoreham) is a coastal town and port in the Adur district, in the county of West Sussex, England. In 2011 it had a population of 20,547.

The town is bordered to its north by the South Downs, to its west by the Adur Valley, and to its south by the River Adur and Shoreham Beach on the English Channel. The town lies in the middle of the ribbon of urban development along the English south coast, approximately equidistant from the city of Brighton and Hove to the east and the town of Worthing to the west. Shoreham covers an area of 2,430 acres (980 ha) and has a population of 20,547 (2011 census).
El Cerro Tome Site
The El Cerro Tome Site is a site of petroglyphs and other prehistoric artifacts near Tome, New Mexico which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

It is located about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) east of the junction of New Mexico State Road 47 and Tome Hill Rd.

New Mexico State Road 47
New Mexico State Road 47 (NM 47) is a 60.338-mile-long (97.105 km) state highway in Bernalillo, Valencia, and Socorro Counties in New Mexico. NM 47's southern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Route 60 (US 60). The highway then proceeds north intersecting with Interstate 25 (I-25) before the northern terminus at an intersection with NM 556.
Category of measurable spaces
In mathematics, the category of measurable spaces, often denoted Meas, is the category whose objects are measurable spaces and whose morphisms are measurable maps.
This is a category because the composition of two measurable maps is again measurable, and the identity function is measurable.

N.B. Some authors reserve the name Meas for categories whose objects are measure spaces, and denote the category of measurable spaces as Mble, or other notations. Some authors also restrict the category only to particular well-behaved measurable spaces, such as standard Borel spaces.

Function composition
In mathematics, the composition operator  takes two functions,  and , and returns a new function .  When the composite function  (pronounced " of ") is evaluated at an input , the result is . That is, the function  is applied after applying  to .

The composition of functions is a special case of the composition of relations, sometimes also denoted by . As a result, all properties of composition of relations are true of composition of functions, such as associativity.
Even Benestad
Even Benestad (born 16 September 1974 in Grimstad) is a Norwegian documentary film director. Benestad studied cinematography at Oslo Film and Television Academy. His first feature-length documentary All About My Father (2002), which was winner of the "Best Film" award (fiction and non-fiction) at the Amanda Awards in 2002. He is a huge fan of Italian Spaghetti Westerns, and other Italian b-pictures.

Amanda Award
The Amanda Award (Norwegian: Amandaprisen) is an award given annually at the Norwegian International Film Festival in Haugesund, Norway, to promote and improve Norwegian film. The award originated in 1985, and has since 2005 been exclusively a film award (not television). Winners are awarded a trophy by the Norwegian sculptor Kristian Kvakland, and the name—and theme—of the sculpture comes from a legendary local woman from the 1920s. The award ceremony is marked every year by a major, nationally televised event.
Rhytidostea
Rhytidostea is a clade of stereospondyl temnospondyls. It was erected in 2000 to include several temnospondyl groups distinct from the "higher" group of capitosaurs, including lydekkerinids, brachyopoids, and rhytidosteids. Rhytidosteans first appeared in the Permian period and underwent an evolutionary radiation during the Induan stage of the Early Triassic. Along with capitosaurs, rhytidosteans comprise much of the larger suborder Stereospondyli. Rhytidostea has often been considered the sister group of the clade Capitosauria, but has been placed in various other phylogenetic positions. In many studies, members of Rhytidostea are split, with lydekkerinids having a more basal position among stereospondyls while rhytidosteids and brachyopoids form a group placed among the more derived trematosaurian stereospondyls.

Induan
The Induan is the first age of the Early Triassic epoch in the geologic timescale, or the lowest stage of the Lower Triassic series in chronostratigraphy. It spans the time between 251.902 Ma and 249.9 Ma (million years ago). The Induan is sometimes divided into the Griesbachian and the Dienerian subages or substages. The Induan is preceded by the Changhsingian (latest Permian) and is followed by the Olenekian.

The Induan is roughly coeval with the regional Feixianguanian Stage of China.
Mattia Stefanelli
Mattia Stefanelli (born 12 March 1993) is a Sammarinese footballer who plays for Fiorentino and San Marino national team. He scored San Marino's first away goal in the World Cup UEFA qualification competition since 2001.

FC Fiorentino
F.C. Fiorentino is a Sanmarinese football club, based in Fiorentino. The club was founded in 1974. Fiorentino currently plays in Girone A of Campionato Sammarinese di Calcio. The team's colors are blue and red.
Until the 2004–05 season the club was known as S.S. Montevito.
Henry Blosser House
Henry Blosser House is a historic home located near Malta Bend, Saline County, Missouri. It was built in 1880, and is a three-story, Second Empire style red-orange brick farmhouse. It features a projecting central pavilion, a bell-cast mansard roof, polychrome shingles, and decorative porches.  Also on the property are two contributing outbuildings and a three-level frame barn.: 2, 4

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

In 2014, the property was purchased by Dr. Arthur and Carolyn Elman. At the time the property was in a significant state of disrepair and had been placed on Missouri Preservation’s endangered properties list. Elmans hired interior designer Kelee Katillac to oversee rehabilitation of the house and barn.  The mansion, now known as the Blosser-Elman Museum of Decorative Arts, is slated for opening in 2024.

Saline County, Missouri
Saline County is a county located along the Missouri River in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,333. Its county seat is Marshall. The county was established November 25, 1820, and named for the region's salt springs.

Settled primarily by migrants from the Upper South during the nineteenth century, this county was in the region bordering the Missouri River known as "Little Dixie". In the antebellum years, it had many plantations operated with the forced labor of enslaved workers. One-third of the county population was African American at the start of the American Civil War, but their proportion of the residents has declined dramatically to little more than five percent.

Saline County comprises the Marshall, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The Punk Rock Movie
The Punk Rock Movie (also known as The Punk Rock Movie from England) is a British 1978 film that was assembled from Super 8 camera footage shot by Don Letts, the disc jockey at The Roxy club during the early days of the UK punk rock movement, principally during the 100 days in 1977 in which punk acts were featured at The Roxy club in London.

Slaughter & the Dogs
Slaughter and the Dogs are an English punk rock band formed in 1975 in Wythenshawe, Manchester. Their original line-up consisted of singer Wayne Barrett, rhythm guitar Mick Rossi, drummer Brian "Mad Muffet" Grantham, lead guitarist Mike Day and bassist Howard Bates.