hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard W. Dempsey
Richard William Dempsey (1909–1987) was an American illustrator and painter, with works included in the collections of the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Gallery of Art.

Dempsey was born in Ogden, Utah, on September 14, 1909. He spent his youth in  Oakland, California and attended the California School of Arts and Crafts. He relocated to Washington, D.C., where he worked for the Federal Government, first for the Federal Power Commission as a draftsman and then for the General Services Administration as an illustrator.

Dempsey continued his studies at Howard University where he was taught by James Lesesne Wells. In 1946 Dempsey was the recipient of a fellowship from the Julius Rosenwald Fund to create portraits of important Black Americans.

During his lifetime, Dempsey exhibited at the Franz Bader Gallery in Washington, D.C., and taught at the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design.

Dempsey died on October 8, 1987, in Washington, D.C.

California College of the Arts
The California College of the Arts (CCA) is a private art school in San Francisco, California. It was founded in Berkeley, California in 1907 and moved to a historic estate in Oakland, California in 1922. In 1996, it opened a second campus in San Francisco; in 2022, the Oakland campus was closed and merged into the San Francisco campus. CCA enrolls approximately 1,239 undergraduates and 380 graduate students. In January 2026, CCA president David Howse announced the college will be closing at the end of the 2026–2027 academic year, with Vanderbilt University taking over the campus.
Émile Lombard (biblical scholar)
Émile Lombard (1875-1963) was a French-Swiss biblical scholar.

His best known work was a study of glossolalia (1910). He was controversially removed from his position as Professor of the New Testament at the University of Lausanne after having supported a traditionally religious student.

Speaking in tongues
Speaking in tongues, also known as glossolalia, is a phenomenon or practice in which people utter words or speech-like sounds, often thought by believers to be languages unknown to the speaker. One definition used by linguists is the fluid vocalizing of speech-like syllables that lack any readily comprehensible meaning. In some cases, as part of religious practice, some believe it to be a divine language unknown to the speaker. Glossolalia is practiced in Pentecostal and charismatic Christianity, as well as in other religions.

Sometimes a distinction is made between "glossolalia" and "xenolalia", or "xenoglossy", which specifically relates to the belief that the language being spoken is a natural language previously unknown to the speaker.
Lego Sonic the Hedgehog
Lego Sonic the Hedgehog (stylized as LEGO Sonic the Hedgehog) is a Lego theme based on the Sonic the Hedgehog video game series created by Yuji Naka, Naoto Ohshima and Hirokazu Yasuhara. It is licensed from Sega. The theme was first introduced in 2023.

Hirokazu Yasuhara
Hirokazu Yasuhara (安原 広和, Yasuhara Hirokazu; born October 12, 1965), also credited as Carol Yas, is a Japanese video game designer. He is best known for designing the gameplay and stages of the initial Sonic the Hedgehog video games for Sega Genesis in the 1990s, based on technical demos and engines programmed by Yuji Naka. Yasuhara stayed with Sega until 1999. He then worked for Naughty Dog from 2002 to 2008, working on the Jak and Daxter series and Uncharted: Drake's Fortune, collaborating again with former Sega employee Mark Cerny. He was the senior design director at Namco Bandai Games America from 2008 to 2012. In April 2012, Yasuhara joined Nintendo where he accepted a position at the Nintendo Software Technology division. He left Nintendo in 2016 and has since worked for Unity Technologies.
Alauddin Ahmed
Squadron Leader Alauddin Ahmed (3 October 1930 — 13 September 1965), known as Butch or Butch Ahmed to his colleagues, was a Pakistan Air Force officer who shot down an IAF Dassault Mystère IV during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 before being killed in action. Ahmed led his squadron, the No. 18 Squadron Sharp Shooters, in several missions during the war, attacking Indian ground and air forces.

In his book Flight of the Falcon, his colleague Sajad Haider, who was the last person to speak with Butch over the radio before his crash, wrote: "Butch truly never had an enemy; everybody loved Butch, especially the girls from the Burt Institute (an Anglo-Indian club operated by the Railways)."

Gurdaspur
Gurdaspur is a city in the Majha region of the Indian state of Punjab, between the rivers Beas and Ravi. It houses the administrative headquarters of Gurdaspur District and is in the geographical centre of the district, which shares a border with Pakistan.

Gurdaspur city was named after Mahant Guriya das ji.
Olavi Ahonen
Kauko Olavi Ahonen (21 July 1923 in Tikkakoski – 1 September 2000 in Helsinki, Finland) was a Finnish film actor.

Ahonen first appeared in film in 1954 and made many appearances in Finnish film between then and 1997. He also appeared in many films by Spede Pasanen.

From 1990, he only appeared on TV in Finland until his retirement in 1997. He died in 2000.

Spede Pasanen
Pertti Olavi "Spede" Pasanen (10 April 1930 – 7 September 2001) was a Finnish film director and producer, comedian, and inventor, who has been called an "all-around entertainer". During his career he directed, wrote, produced or acted in about 50 movies and participated in numerous TV productions, including the comedy Spede Show and the game-show Speden Spelit. Much of his more commercial work was in collaboration with Vesa-Matti Loiri (whose most popular character created by Pasanen was Uuno Turhapuro; first in TV sketches and then in a long-lasting series of motion pictures) and Simo Salminen. Pasanen's films and TV shows, often made quickly and on a low budget, usually received little critical recognition but were popular among Finnish audiences from the 1960s onwards. He was the owner of his own film production company, Filmituotanto Spede Pasanen Ky. Pasanen was ranked 17th at the Suuret suomalaiset competition show broadcast by Yleisradio.
Elections in Nicaragua
The Republic of Nicaragua elects on the national level a head of state—the president—and a unicameral legislature. The president of Nicaragua and their vice-president are elected on one ballot for a five-year term by the people.

The National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) has 92 members: 90 deputies elected for a five-year term by proportional representation (20 nationally and 70 regionally), the outgoing president, and the runner-up in the last presidential election. Should the president be reelected (not originally planned for in the Nicaraguan constitution), the outgoing vice president takes the seat reserved for him instead.

Nicaragua has a multi-party system.

Managua
Managua (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnaɣwa]) is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua, and one of the largest cities in Central America. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020, and a population of 1,401,687 in its metropolitan area. The city also serves as the seat of Managua Department.

Founded in 1819, Managua became the national capital in 1852. The city underwent a rapid expansion and urbanization between 1842 and 1930, leading it to become one of the most developed cities in Central America. Several earthquakes have affected the city's growth, especially the 1931 earthquake and the 1972 earthquake, but the city has been rebuilt several times. Today, the city is a major economic hub for both the country and Central America.
Douglas Paul
Douglas J. Paul OBE FRSE FREng FInstP is a Scottish experimental physicist and electronic engineer who was awarded an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2025 New Year Honours List for services to quantum technology research. He is currently Professor of Semiconductor devices at the University of Glasgow holding a Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging technologies. His career has used microfabrication and nanofabrication to demonstrate semiconductor devices for a range of different applications.

Nanolithography
Nanolithography (NL) is a growing field of techniques within nanotechnology dealing with the engineering (patterning e.g. etching, depositing, writing, printing etc) of nanometer-scale structures on various materials.

The modern term reflects on a design of structures built in range of 10−9 to 10−6 meters, i.e. nanometer scale. Essentially, the field is a derivative of lithography, only covering very small structures. All NL methods can be categorized into four groups: photo lithography, scanning lithography, soft lithography and other miscellaneous techniques.
Chapel of Chupan
The Chapel of Chupan, sometimes called the Shepherd's Chapel, is a small, historic Armenian church in a mountain valley west of Jolfa near the Aras River in East Azerbaijan province, Iran. It was added to Iran's National Heritage List in 2002, and designated a World Heritage Site in 2008. It is part of the Saint Stepanos Monastic Ensemble, within the Armenian Monastic Ensembles of Iran listing.

The chapel was built in 1518, likely for shepherds of the region who did not have immediate access to a church. It has a cruciform shape, and is made of stone and mortar. The interior walls are covered in plain plaster. It was rebuilt in 1836.

Aras (river)
The Aras is a transboundary river in the Caucasus. It rises in eastern Turkey and flows along the borders between Turkey and Armenia, between Turkey and the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan, between Iran and both Azerbaijan and Armenia, and, finally, through Azerbaijan where it flows into the Kura river as a right tributary. It drains the south side of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, while the Kura drains the north side of the Lesser Caucasus. The river's total length is 1,072 km (666 mi) and its watershed covers an area of 102,000 km2 (39,000 mi2). The Aras is one of the longest rivers in the Caucasus.
Asgiri Maha Viharaya
Asgiri Maha Viharaya (also called Asgiriya Temple, Asgiriya Gedige) is a Buddhist monastery located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is the headquarters of the Asgiriya Chapter of Siyam Nikaya, one of the two Buddhist monasteries that holds the custodianship of sacred tooth relic of Buddha kept in Sri Dalada Maligawa, Kandy. The Chief Incumbent of the Asgiri Maha Viharaya is the Mahanayaka Thera of Asgiri Chapter of Siyam Nikaya, a leading Buddhist monastic fraternity in Sri Lanka. The present Chief Incumbent of Asgiri Maha Viharaya is Warakagoda Sri Gnanarathana Thera. Asgiri Maha Vihara traces its origin from the Wanavasi sect of the Dimbulagala Forest Monastery of Polonnaruva. Currently, 565 Buddhist temples in Sri Lanka function under Asgiri Viharaya of Kandy.

Dimbulagala Raja Maha Vihara
Dimbulagala Raja Maha Vihara is situated 16 kilometres south east of the ancient city of Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka. The Dimbulagala range houses a number of caves cut into the rock with Brahmi inscriptions over their drip ledges. This forest hermitage of medieval times and holy abode since time immemorial, home to some of the most valued fragments of early frescoes was called the Gunners Quoin by the British. This Buddhist monastery which was abandoned after the times of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was restored to the present status in the 1950s due to the efforts of Kithalagama Sri Seelalankara Thera, who was the chief incumbent of the Vihara until his death in 1995.
Rhegminornis
Rhegminornis calobates is an extinct species of turkey from the early Miocene of Florida. It was described by Alexander Wetmore in 1943.

It is known from the Early Miocene (Burdigalian)-aged Alachua Formation of the Thomas Farm site.

Burdigalian
The Burdigalian is, in the geologic timescale, an age or stage in the early Miocene. It spans the time  between 20.45 Ma and 15.98 Ma (million years ago). Preceded by the Aquitanian, the Burdigalian was the first and longest warming period of the Miocene and is succeeded by the Langhian.
Baby Darling Doll Face Honey
Baby Darling Doll Face Honey is the debut album by English rock band Band of Skulls.  It was released on 7 April 2009 in England and 28 July 2009 in America.  The artwork is based on paintings by bass player/vocalist Emma Richardson.

Baby Darling Doll Face Honey was produced, recorded and mixed by Ian Davenport, (Supergrass, Badly Drawn Boy). It was recorded at Courtyard Studios in Oxfordshire and mixed at the House of Blues studio in Los Angeles.

The first single "I Know What I Am" was released as the single of the week in Canada. The album's first track "Light of the Morning", was featured in a television ad for the 2011 Ford Mustang.

The song "I Know What I Am" features in the music game Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock and as a downloadable track for Rock Band through the Rock Band Network, while the song "Patterns" features in the driving simulator Gran Turismo 5.

The album debuted belatedly on the UK Indie Chart on 27 February 2010 at position 50.

UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts
The UK Independent Singles Chart and UK Independent Albums Chart are charts of the best-selling independent singles and albums, respectively, in the United Kingdom. Originally published in January 1980, and widely known as the indie chart, the relevance of the chart dwindled in the 1990s as major-label ownership blurred the boundary between independent and major labels.

Separate independent charts are currently published weekly by the Official Charts Company.
Brachyurophis fasciolatus
Brachyurophis fasciolatus is a species of snake from the family Elapidae, commonly named the narrow-banded shovel-nosed snake, or narrow-banded burrowing snake, and is a species endemic to Australia. Its common names reflect its shovel nose specialization, burrowing behaviour and banded body colour.

Elapidae
Elapidae (/əˈlæpədiː/, commonly known as elapids /ˈɛləpɪdz/, from Ancient Greek: ἔλαψ élaps, variant of ἔλλοψ éllops "sea-fish") is a family of snakes characterized by their permanently erect fangs at the front of the mouth. Most elapids are venomous, with the exception of the genus Emydocephalus. Many members of this family exhibit a threat display of rearing upwards while spreading out a neck flap. Elapids are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with terrestrial forms in Asia, Australia, Africa, and the Americas and marine forms in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Members of the family have a wide range of sizes, from the 18 cm (7.1 in) white-lipped snake to the 5.85 m (19 ft 2 in) king cobra. Most species have neurotoxic venom that is channeled by their hollow fangs, and some may contain other toxic components in varying proportions. The family includes 55 genera with around 360 species and over 170 subspecies.
Orchestra of the Antipodes
Orchestra of the Antipodes is an Australian early music ensemble founded by Antony Walker and Alison Johnston. They play baroque music on early instruments. They were founded alongside vocal ensemble Cantillation and the Sinfonia Australis orchestra. They received a nomination for the 2012 ARIA Award for Best Classical Album with their album Bach: Brandenburg Concertos.

Orchestra of the Antipodes often performs with the Pinchgut Opera and appears on many ABC Classics albums. Albums they appear on include Teddy Tahu Rhodes' The Voice (ARIA winner), Sara Macliver and Sally-Anne Russell's Bach Arias and Duets and Baroque Duets (ARIA nominees).

Sally-Anne Russell
Sally-Anne Russell is an Australian opera singer. Russell is a mezzo-soprano and has performed nationally and in the USA, Britain and New Zealand.

Together with Sara Macliver, Russell earned nominations for the 2004 and 2005 ARIA Awards for Best Classical Album for their albums Bach Arias and Duets and Baroque Duets.

Russell and Mario Dobernig are co-artistic directors of the Albury Chamber Music Festival, and is also a member of the Kathaumixw Festival International Artistic Council in Powell River, British Columbia, Canada, and the Belvedere International Singing Competition, Vienna.
Kim Hellberg
Kim Alexander Hellberg (born 1 February 1988) is a Swedish professional football manager and former player who is the current head coach of EFL Championship club Middlesbrough.

He played as a midfielder in Sweden's lower divisions and began coaching during his playing career. In 2018, he led IF Sylvia to promotion to the third-tier Ettan. He was appointed assistant manager of Allsvenskan club IFK Norrköping in 2020, and at the end of the following year was named in his first top-flight head coach job at IFK Värnamo. He led Hammarby IF to consecutive runners-up positions in 2024 and 2025.

Hammarby IF
Hammarby Idrottsförening ("Hammarby Sports Club"), commonly known as Hammarby IF or simply Hammarby (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈhâmːarˌbyː] or, especially locally, [-ˌbʏ]), is a Swedish sports club located in Stockholm, with a number of member organizations active in a variety of different sports.

It was founded in 1889 as Hammarby Roddförening ("Hammarby Rowing Association"), but by 1897 the club had diversified and was participating in different sports, leading to the renaming to Hammarby IF.

In 1999, the club was reorganized into a legal format referred to in Swedish as an alliansförening ("alliance association"), with each of the club's departments becoming a separate legal entity cooperating under the "Hammarby IF" umbrella.

As of 2020, the club had a record high number of 22,746 active members in all of its sections.
Hickey v McGowan
Hickey v McGowan & ors, [2017] IESC 6 is a reported  Irish Supreme Court case decision. This case concerns child abuse and vicarious liability. The second defendant sexually abused the plaintiff in class, in the presence of the other students. This happened at least once a week. Four boys who witnessed the abuse in the class gave evidence, which was accepted by the High Court. It was determined that there must be a "close connection" between the wrongful act and the actions that one had engaged the offender to perform in order for one to be made liable for the act of another.

Vicarious liability
Vicarious liability is a form of a  strict, secondary liability that arises under the common law doctrine of agency, respondeat superior, the responsibility of the superior for the acts of their subordinate or, in a broader sense, the responsibility of any third party that had the "right, ability, or duty to control" the activities of a violator. It can be distinguished from contributory liability, another form of secondary liability, which is rooted in the tort theory of enterprise liability because, unlike contributory infringement, knowledge is not an element of vicarious liability. The law has developed the view that some relationships by their nature require the person who engages others to accept responsibility for the wrongdoing of those others. The most important such relationship for practical purposes is that of employer and employee.
Tropical rock
Tropical rock (also known as trop rock or Gulf and Western) is a genre of popular music that incorporates elements and influences of rock, reggae, country, folk, calypso, zydeco, and pop music, with themes and musical compositions inspired by an island style.

Although today tropical rock is usually associated with southern Florida and the Gulf Coast of the United States, tropical rock has its roots in calypso, rock, and country by artists such as Jerry Jeff Walker. Jimmy Buffett and his Coral Reefer Band helped create a tropical sub-culture beginning in the early to mid-1980s, along with other artists including Bertie Higgins.

Jerry Jeff Walker
Jerry Jeff Walker (born Ronald Clyde Crosby; March 16, 1942 – October 23, 2020) was an American country and folk singer-songwriter. He was a leading figure in the progressive country and  outlaw country music movement. He is best known for writing the 1968 song "Mr. Bojangles".
Pågen
Pågen is a Swedish bakery company founded in 1878 by Anders and Matilda Påhlsson. The company started off as a small bakery in Malmö, in the southern province of Scania. Their bakeries are run by around 1350 employees, and are located in Malmö and Gothenburg. Their products include brands such as Krisprolls and various types of bread, pastries and cookies. With key export markets in France, United Kingdom, Belgium, and Denmark, Pågen is currently one of Sweden's leading food exporters with an annual turnover of around 220 million euros.

Pastry
Pastry is various doughs (often enriched with fat or eggs), and the sweet and savoury baked goods made with them. The dough may be called pastry dough. Sweetened pastries are often described as baker's confectionery. Common pastry dishes include pies, tarts, croissants, and turnovers.

The French word pâtisserie is also used in English (with or without the accent) for many of the same foods, as well as the set of techniques used to make them. Originally, the French word pastisserie referred to anything, such as a meat pie, made in dough (paste, later pâte) and not typically a luxurious or sweet product. This meaning still persisted in the nineteenth century, though by then the term more often referred to the sweet and often ornate confections implied today.
Makaryevo
Makaryevo (Russian: Макарьево) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Makaryevo, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a settlement in Valkovsky Selsoviet of Lyskovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Makaryevo, Tver Oblast, a village in Nelidovsky District of Tver Oblast

Lyskovsky District
Lyskovsky District (Russian: Лы́сковский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the forty in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Lyskovsky Municipal District. It is located in the east of the oblast on both sides of the Volga River. The area of the district is 2,134 square kilometers (824 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Lyskovo. Population: 39,964 (2010 Census);  43,755 (2002 Census); 46,895 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Lyskovo accounts for 54.7% of the district's total population.
Portrait of Jason
Portrait of Jason is a 1967 documentary film directed, produced and edited by Shirley Clarke and starring Jason Holliday.

In 2015, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, finding it "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research
The Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research (WCFTR) is a major archive of motion picture, television, radio, and theater research materials. Located in the headquarters building of the Wisconsin Historical Society in Madison, Wisconsin, the WCFTR holds over three hundred collections from motion picture, television, and theater writers, producers, actors, designers, directors, and production companies. These collections include business records, personal papers, scripts, photographs, promotional graphics, and some twenty thousand films and videotapes of motion picture and television productions.

The WCFTR is regularly visited by researchers from around the world.