hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wandile Makwetu
Wandile Makwetu (born 7 January 1999) is a South African cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Northerns Districts in the 2017–18 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup on 1 March 2018. Prior to his first-class debut, he was named in South Africa's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.

Makwetu made his List A debut for Northerns in the 2017–18 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 4 March 2018.

In June 2018, Makwetu was named in the squad for the Titans team for the 2018–19 season. In August 2018, he was awarded a senior contract by Cricket South Africa ahead of the 2018–19 domestic season. In December 2019, in the 2019–20 CSA 4-Day Franchise Series, he scored his maiden first-class century.

In April 2021, Makwetu was named in the South Africa Emerging Men's squad for their six-match tour of Namibia. Later the same month, he was named in Free State's squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.

South Africa national under-19 cricket team
The South African Under-19 cricket team have been playing official Under-19 test matches since 1995. International players to have represented the team include Wayne Parnell, Neil McKenzie, AB de Villiers, Mark Boucher, Makhaya Ntini, Kagiso Rabada, Andile Phehlukwayo and Aiden Markram, all of whom went on to play for South Africa. They won the Under-19 Cricket World Cup in 2014 and finished runner-up in both 2002 and 2008.

In February 2021, Cricket South Africa (CSA) announced that the team would take part in South Africa's Provincial first-class and List A cricket tournaments, starting with the 2020–21 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup and the 2020–21 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge respectively. However, the matches played by the under-19 team in those tournaments did not have first-class or List A status.
Mitchell House (Elkton, Maryland)
Mitchell House is a historic home located at Elkton, Cecil County, Maryland.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story, side passage townhouse built between 1769 and 1781, by Dr. Abraham Mitchell, a physician from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. It shows fine original detail characteristic of both the early and later periods of the Georgian style.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Cecil County, Maryland
Cecil County is located in the U.S. state of Maryland at the northeastern corner of the state, bordering both Pennsylvania and Delaware. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 103,725. The county seat is Elkton. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore (1605–1675), the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland. With the eastern part of the county closer to Philadelphia than Baltimore, it is part of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located in Wilmington's Radio Market and Baltimore's Designated Market Area.
Edmonton station (Via Rail)
Edmonton station (French: gare d'Edmonton; IATA: XZL) or Edmonton Train Station, is the main inter-city train station in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, operated by Via Rail. The railway station is located approximately 5.5 kilometres northwest of Downtown Edmonton on a spur off the Canadian National Railway near the former site of the Edmonton City Centre Airport. Served by Via Rail's The Canadian, the station is unusually located on a branch off the main line, meaning that trains must either reverse into or out. The station opened in 1998 following the closure of the downtown Via Rail station which was located in the lower level of Edmonton's CN Tower.

Via Rail
Via Rail Canada Inc. (reporting mark VIA) (/ˈviːə/), operating as Via Rail or Via (stylized as VIA Rail), is a Canadian Crown corporation that operates intercity passenger rail service in Canada.

As of December 2023, Via Rail operates 406 trains per week  across eight Canadian provinces and 12,500 kilometres (7,800 mi) of track, 97 percent of which is owned and maintained by other railway companies, mostly by Canadian National Railway (CN). Via Rail carried approximately 4.1 million passengers in 2023, 96 percent of which were along the Corridor routes connecting the major cities of the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor, and had an on-time performance of 85.4 per cent. Attracting international tourism forms an important part of Via Rail's long distance trans-continental services.
Warniłęg
Warniłęg [varˈniwɛnk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złocieniec, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Złocieniec, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 105 km (65 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Until the First Partition of Poland in 1772 the area was part of the Kingdom of Poland, in 1772–1871 it was in Prussia, and in 1871–1945 belonged to Germany. After World War II it was reintegrated with Poland. During the war the Germans established and operated a forced labour camp for prisoners of war of various nationalities in the village.

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Thendara House
Thendara House is a science fantasy novel by American writer Marion Zimmer Bradley, part of her Darkover series and a sequel to The Shattered Chain. It was originally published by DAW Books (No. 544) in 1983. The book was co-written by Jacqueline Lichtenberg, without credit.

The title refers to the Thendera Guildhouse of Renunciates, a religio-military sisterhood whose members live independently from Darkover's rigid patriarchal society.

In terms of the Darkover timeline, the events of Thendera House take place three or four years after The Spell Sword and about two years after the events of The Forbidden Tower.

DAW Books
DAW Books is an American science fiction and fantasy publisher, founded by Donald A. Wollheim,  with his wife, Elsie B. Wollheim, following his departure from Ace Books in 1971. The company claims to be "the first publishing company ever devoted exclusively to science fiction and fantasy." The first DAW Book published was the 1972 short story collection Spell of the Witch World by Andre Norton.
Horseneck Tract
The Horseneck Tract was an area in present-day Essex County, New Jersey, United States, that consisted of what are now the municipalities of Caldwell, West Caldwell, North Caldwell,  Verona, Cedar Grove, Essex Fells, Roseland, and portions of Fairfield, Livingston and West Orange.

West Orange, New Jersey
West Orange is a suburban township in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 48,843, an increase of 2,636 (+5.7%) from the 2010 census count of 46,207, which in turn reflected an increase of 1,264 (+2.8%) from the 44,943 counted in the 2000 census.

West Orange is both an inner-ring suburb of New Jersey's largest city, Newark, and a commuter suburb of New York City; it is approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Manhattan. West Orange was home to the inventor Thomas Edison, who also maintained a laboratory and workshop in town.
Progresso da Lunda Sul
Progresso da Lunda Sul was an Angolan sports club from Saurimo, the capital city of Lunda Sul province. The club was an affiliate of Progresso do Sambizanga and shares the same outfit colours. Originally established as Progresso do Sambukila, the club changed its name in 2014 to its current denomination.

The club was owned by Angolan businessman Ernesto dos Santos Lino aka Santos Bikuku.

In 2014, the club won the 2014 Angolan second division Group B thus being promoted to the 2015 Girabola.

Saurimo
Saurimo, formerly known as Henrique de Carvalho, is a city in Angola. It is the capital of Lunda Sul Province. As of 2014, Saurimo has a population of 393,000 people, which steadily grows as a result of migration.
Lock and Dam No. 24
Lock and Dam No. 24 is a lock and dam located near Clarksville, Missouri around river mile 273.4 on the Upper Mississippi River. The main lock is 110 feet (33.5 m) wide and 600 feet (182.9 m) long with its bottom at an elevation of 430 feet. The auxiliary lock is not operational. Normal pool elevation behind the dam is 449 feet. The movable portion of the dam is 1,340 feet (408.4 m) long and consists of 15 submersible, elliptical, tainter gates. A 2,720 feet (829.1 m) submersible earthen dike extends from the movable dam to the Illinois shore. In 2004, the facility was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as Lock and Dam No. 24 Historic District, #04000183 covering 1,027 acres (4.2 km2), 3 buildings, 15 structures, 4 objects.

Tainter gate
The Tainter gate is a type of radial arm floodgate used in dams and canal locks to control water flow. It is named for its inventor, the Wisconsin structural engineer Jeremiah Burnham Tainter.

Tainter, an employee of the lumber firm Knapp, Stout and Co., invented the gate in 1886 for use on the company's dam that forms Lake Menomin in the United States.
Lirularia optabilis
Lirularia optabilis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

This extinct marine species is only known from Pleistocene assemblages of Southern California.

Trochidae
The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles a toy spinning top.
John Best (Canadian politician)
John Best (11 July 1861 in Geelong, Australia – 7 June 1923) was an Australian-born politician in Canada. He was acclaimed to the House of Commons of Canada, after the death of his predecessor John Barr, on 22 December 1909, as a member of the Conservative Party to represent the riding of Dufferin. He was re-elected in the 1911 election and was re-elected as a Unionist in 1917 then defeated in the 1921 election as a Conservative.

Acclamation
An acclamation is a form of election that does not use a ballot. It derives from the ancient Roman word acclamatio, a kind of ritual greeting and expression of approval towards imperial officials in certain social contexts.
Hugh Reid (cricketer)
Hugh S. Reid (1885 – date of death not known) was a Canadian first-class cricketer.

Reid was born in Canada in 1885. A member of both the Toronto Cricket Club and the Rosedale Cricket Club, he made two appearances in first-class cricket for a combined Canada and United States of America cricket team against the touring Australians in 1913; one match was played in the United States at Philadelphia and the other in Canada at Toronto. Playing as an opening batsman in three of his four innings', he scored 32 runs with a highest score of 18.

Toronto Cricket, Skating and Curling Club
The Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club is a private sport and social club located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The club has facilities for sports including aquatics, cricket, croquet, curling, figure skating, fitness classes, lawn bowling, squash and tennis.
Haluwas
Haluwas is an historical  village in the Bhiwani district of the Indian state of Haryana. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the district headquarters town of Bhiwani. As of the 2011 Census of India, the village had 715 households with a total population of 3,910 of which 2,104 were male and 1,806 female.

Bhiwani
Bhiwani is a city and a municipal council in Bhiwani district in the state of Haryana. Besides being a seat of spiritual learning, the city is at the centre of regional politics and hometown of three former Haryana chief ministers: Bansi Lal, Banarsi Das Gupta and Hukum Singh. It is located 128 km west of national capital New Delhi.

The city has a conventional school of boxing, with almost all of the members of the Indian Boxing Squad coming from its Sports Authority of India (SAI) hostel. The late Capt. Hawa Singh, the legendary boxer, helped establish the boxing academy in Bhiwani.

Bhiwani is also known as Choti Kashi because of so many ancient Hindu temples in city like Kirorimal mandir, Khaki baba temple, Jogiwala mandir.
Nils Trædal
Nils Trædal (29 November 1879 – 12 October 1948) was a Norwegian cleric and politician for the agrarian party Bondepartiet (later renamed Centre Party) and leader of the party from 1938 to 1948. He was Minister of Education and Church Affairs 1931–1932 and 1932–1933, as well as acting Prime Minister and acting Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1932.

Together with farmer and author Hans Seland and farmer union leader Hans Haga he was among the main agrarian party leaders to prevent the party from joining the fascist movement Nasjonal Samling, led by Vidkun Quisling.

He died after a fall from the second story of his home.

Nasjonal Samling
The Nasjonal Samling (Norwegian: [nɑʂʊˈnɑːɫ ˈsɑ̂mlɪŋ], NS; lit. 'National Gathering') was a Norwegian far-right political party active from 1933 to 1945. It was the only legal party of Norway from 1942 to 1945. It was founded by former Minister of Defence Vidkun Quisling and a group of supporters such as Johan Bernhard Hjort – who led the party's paramilitary wing (Hirden) for a short time before leaving the party in 1937 after various internal conflicts. The party celebrated its founding on 17 May, Norway's national holiday, but was founded on 13 May 1933. Nasjonal Samling was made illegal and disbanded at the end of World War II in Europe, on 8 May 1945.
Psycho Armor Govarian
Psycho Armor Govarian (サイコアーマー ゴーバリアン, Saiko Āmā Gōbarian; also romanized as Psycho Armor Gobarian and Psychoarmor Govarian) is a Japanese anime television series created by Go Nagai. It was produced by Knack Productions and TV Tokyo. The series was originally broadcast from July 6, 1983 (1983-07-06) to December 28, 1983 (1983-12-28) in Japan. Besides Japan, it was also broadcast in South Korea in 1988 by MBC where it was known as 사이코아머 고바리안 or 싸이코 아머 고바리안. It is also known as 海王星戰士 in Taiwan and 超能裝甲哥巴里安 in Hong Kong. The anime is considered a mix of Genma Taisen, Mazinger and Gundam.

Great Mazinger
Great Mazinger (グレートマジンガー, Gurēto Majingā) is a Japanese anime television series and manga comic book created by Go Nagai and Dynamic Productions. The story is a sequel and direct continuation of Mazinger Z series after its initial success. The series was aired on Japanese television in 1974, immediately following the end of the first Mazinger series. It ran for 56 episodes.

Mazinger Z: Infinity, a theatrical film sequel, taking place 10 years after this series, was animated by Toei Animation and released in theaters on January 13, 2018.
National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis
National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis are compiled in the following lists:

National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Downtown West St. Louis (133 listings)

National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis north and west of downtown (191 listings)

National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis south and west of downtown (115 listings)

National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis north and west of downtown
This is a list of properties and historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places within the city limits of St. Louis, Missouri, north of Interstate 64 and west of Downtown St. Louis. For listings in Downtown St. Louis, see National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Downtown West St. Louis. For those south of I-64 and west of downtown, see National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis south and west of downtown. For listings in St. Louis County and outside the city limits of St. Louis, see National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis County, Missouri.
Carme Bravo
Carme Bravo Roy (Gironella, Berguedà, October 24, 1919 - Barcelona, April 29, 2007) was a Catalan pianist. She completed her piano studies at the Municipal Conservatory of Barcelona where she received various awards and qualifications including a scholarship to study in Paris. In 1950 she moved to France where she studied under Madga Tagliaferro and Lazare Lévy.

Lazare Lévy
Lazare Lévy, also hyphenated as Lazare-Lévy, (18 January 1882 – 20 September 1964) was an influential French pianist, organist, composer and pedagogue. As a virtuoso pianist he toured throughout Europe, in North Africa, Israel, the Soviet Union and Japan. He taught for many years at the Paris Conservatoire.
2004 Proximus Diamond Games
The 2004 Proximus Diamond Games was a women's professional tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Sportpaleis in Antwerp, Belgium that was part of the Tier II category of the 2004 WTA Tour. It was the third edition of the tournament and was held from 16 February until 22 February 2002. First-seeded Kim Clijsters won the singles title and earned $93,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier II tournaments
The WTA Tier II tournaments were Women's Tennis Association tennis second-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed tournament categories, so that majority of Tier I and Tier II tournaments from the previous season were in one category, the WTA Premier Tournaments.
Charlie Bullen
Charles Raaen Bullen (born September 28, 1984) is an American professional football coach who is currently the outside linebackers coach for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). He previously served as an assistant coach for the Iowa Hawkeyes, Miami Dolphins, Arizona Cardinals and Illinois Fighting Illini.

Iowa Hawkeyes football
The Iowa Hawkeyes football program represents the University of Iowa in college football. The Hawkeyes compete in the Big Ten Conference. Iowa joined the Conference (then known as the Western Conference or Big Nine) in 1899 and played their first Conference football season in 1900. They are a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The Hawkeyes play their home games in Iowa City, Iowa, at Kinnick Stadium, with a capacity of 69,250. The Hawkeyes are coached by Kirk Ferentz, who is in his 27th season as the head coach and is the longest current tenured head coach in NCAA Division I FBS. The Hawkeyes have won 13 conference championships (including 11 in the Big Ten). Iowa has been ranked #1 in the AP and Coaches Poll 15 times.
Rosenstein (Swabian Jura)
The Rosenstein is a 735 m high mountain in the Swabian Jura (German: Schwäbische Alb) above the town of Heubach near Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany.

With its exposed position as head of the Alb it had been of strategic importance. Excavations in the caves on Rosenstein have found tools dating back to the Paleolithic period. Among the best-known caves are scouring the "Great" and "Dark hole". About the Western rock, the remnants of a medieval castle, Rosenstein castle ruins.

The Rosenstein is now a very popular recreational area, especially for climbers and mountain bikers.

Rosenstein Ruins

Rosenstein Ruins and Telecommunication Tower

Rosenstein Ruins above Heubach

Schwäbisch Gmünd
Schwäbisch Gmünd (German pronunciation: [ˈʃvɛːbɪʃ ˈɡmʏnt] ⓘ, until 1934: Gmünd; Swabian: Gmẽẽd or Gmend) is a city in the eastern part of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. With a population of around 60,000, the city is the second largest in the Ostalb district and the whole East Württemberg region after Aalen. The city is a Große Kreisstadt since 1956, i.e. a chief city under district administration; it was the administrative capital of its own rural district until the local government reorganisation on 1 January 1973.

There are some institutions of higher education in the city, most notably the Pädagogische Hochschule Schwäbisch Gmünd (University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd) and the Landesgymnasium für Hochbegabte (State Highschool for gifted children).

Schwäbisch Gmünd was a self-ruling free imperial city from the 13th century until its annexation to Württemberg in 1802.
Statistical manifold
In mathematics, a statistical manifold is a Riemannian manifold, each of whose points is a probability distribution.  Statistical manifolds provide a setting for the field of information geometry.  The Fisher information metric provides a metric on these manifolds. Following this definition, the log-likelihood function is a differentiable map and the score is an inclusion.

Informant (statistics)
In statistics, the score (or informant) is the gradient of the log-likelihood function with respect to the parameter vector. Evaluated at a particular value of the parameter vector, the score indicates the steepness of the log-likelihood function and thereby the sensitivity to infinitesimal changes to the parameter values. If the log-likelihood function is continuous over the parameter space, the score will vanish at a local maximum or minimum; this fact is used in maximum likelihood estimation to find the parameter values that maximize the likelihood function.

Since the score is a function of the observations, which are subject to sampling error, it lends itself to a test statistic known as score test in which the parameter is held at a particular value. Further, the ratio of two likelihood functions evaluated at two distinct parameter values can be understood as a definite integral of the score function.
Francis Kalnay
Francis Kalnay (July 18, 1899 – December 2, 1992) was an American children's book author. He was born in Budapest, Hungary and moved to the United States in 1919, where he settled in Carmel, California. He is the author of Chucaro: Wild Pony of the Pampa, which won a Newbery Honor in 1959. He also wrote The Richest Boy in the World (Harcourt Brace, 1959; Angel Press, 1977).

Kalnay was head of an espionage unit for the Allied Forces during World War II, and worked for the OSS, where he was one of the few foreign-born Americans briefed on the ULTRA decrypts. He also recruited Yugoslavian intelligence agents, but was suspected of Communist leanings by the top brass. He later relocated to Argentina. A secular Jew, several of his family members were killed by Hungarian Nazis.

Jewish secularism
Jewish secularism (Hebrew: יהדות חילונית) refers to secularism in a Jewish context, denoting the definition of Jewish identity with little or no attention given to its religious aspects. The concept of Jewish secularism first arose in the late 19th century, with its influence peaking during the interwar period.

According to a 2001 survey by City University of New York, 49% of all American Jews identify as being secular while 22% of American Jews as of 2013 identify as having no religion.