hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts
The Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts (IDSVA) is a private, non-profit, low-residency graduate school headquartered in Portland, Maine. Founded in 2006–2007 by George Smith, IDSVA offers the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Visual Arts: Philosophy, Aesthetics, and Art Theory.

IDSVA is distinguished as the first and only school in the world to offer a Ph.D. in philosophy designed specifically for visual artists, curators, and creative scholars, operating without a traditional campus. The program has been cited by African-American art historian David Driskell called the institution "one of the single most important developments in the recent history of art education."

David Driskell
David C. Driskell (June 7, 1931 – April 1, 2020) was an American artist, scholar and curator recognized for his work in establishing African-American Art as a distinct field of study. In his lifetime, Driskell was cited as one of the world's leading authorities on the subject of African-American Art. Driskell held the title of Distinguished University Professor of Art Emeritus at the University of Maryland, College Park. The David C. Driskell Center at the University of Maryland, is named in his honor.
Tom Means
Thomas Means (birthdate unknown) was a Negro leagues pitcher for several years before the founding of the first Negro National League.

Means shows up on teams lists for the Chicago Unions and Chicago Union Giants from 1900 to 1904, and then again in 1908.

He played for at least one season for the St. Paul Colored Gophers, in 1907.

He played with some popular players of the day, including Clarence Lytle, Home Run Johnson, Mike Moore, Johnny Davis, William Binga, and Sherman Barton.

Negro National League (1920–1931)
The first Negro National League (NNL I) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president.
This Road (James Blundell song)
"This Road" is a song written and recorded by Australian country singer James Blundell. The song was released on 1 June 1992 as the second single from his third studio album, This Road (1992). The song peaked at number 26, becoming Blundell's second top-30 single in Australia.

James Blundell (singer)
James Blundell (born 8 December 1964) is an Australian country music singer. Born in Stanthorpe, Queensland, Blundell first rose to prominence after being named "best new talent" at the 1987 Country Music Awards of Australia. Blundell has since released several albums in both Australia and the United States, with his most successful album This Road (released in 1992) selling more than 145,000 copies in Australia. Blundell was an unsuccessful candidate for the Senate in Queensland at the 2013 federal election, running for Katter's Australian Party. At the 2019 Country Music Awards of Australia, Blundell was inducted into the Hall of Fame.
KKFT
KKFT (99.1 MHz, "99.1 FM Talk") is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Gardnerville–Minden, Nevada, and broadcasting to the Reno–Carson City radio market. KKFT airs a talk radio format and is owned and operated by the Evans Broadcast Group.

Studios and offices are on Idaho Street in Carson City. The main transmitter is off Goni Road, also in Carson City. KKFT can also be heard on a 3,250-watt booster station, KKFT-FM1 in Stateline, Nevada.

Reno metropolitan area
The Reno–Sparks Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of two counties in Western Nevada, anchored by the cities of Reno and Sparks. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 490,596.
2025 Teréga Open Pau–Pyrénées – Doubles
Christian Harrison and Brandon Nakashima were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Jakob Schnaitter and Mark Wallner won the title after defeating Alexander Blockx and Raphaël Collignon 6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–8] in the final.

Alexander Blockx
Alexander Blockx (born 8 April 2005) is a Belgian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 94, achieved on 23 February 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 467, reached on 10 November 2025. He is currently the No. 3 singles player from Belgium.

Blockx won the boys' singles title at the 2023 Australian Open. He represents Belgium at the Davis Cup.
Tetraphenyldiphosphine
Tetraphenyldiphosphine is the organophosphorus compound with the formula [PPh2]2, where Ph = phenyl (C6H5).  It is a white, air-sensitive solid that dissolves in nonpolar solvents.  It is a centrosymmetric molecule with a P-P bond of 2.2592 Å.

Tetraphenyldiphosphine  is produced by reductive coupling of chlorodiphenylphosphine...

2 Ph2PCl  +  2 Na  →   Ph2P-PPh2  +  2 NaCl

...or dehydrogenation of diphenylphosphine catalyzed by bis(triphenylphospine)nickel(II) bromide:

2 Ph2PH → Ph2P-PPh2 + H2

The compound is used as a source of the Ph2P− group.

Ph2P-PPh2  +  2 Na  →     +  2 NaPPh2

Alternatively, the compound can homolyze along the weak P–P bond, in which case the resulting radicals add to alkenes and alkynes.

Oxidation with oxygen or sulfur gives the corresponding diphosphine dioxide or disulfide.

Dehydrogenation
In chemistry, dehydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of hydrogen, usually from an organic molecule. It is the reverse of hydrogenation.  Dehydrogenation is important, both as a useful reaction and a serious problem.  At its simplest, it is a useful way of converting alkanes, which are relatively inert and thus low-valued, to olefins, which are reactive and thus more valuable. Alkenes are precursors to aldehydes (R−CH=O), alcohols (R−OH), polymers, and aromatics.  As a problematic reaction, the fouling and inactivation of many catalysts arises via coking, which is the dehydrogenative polymerization of organic substrates.

Enzymes that catalyze dehydrogenation are called dehydrogenases.
Swindon 105.5
Swindon 105.5 is a community non-for-profit radio station based in Swindon, England, launched in March 2008. The station manager is former BBC Wiltshire Sound, GWR FM and Swindon Viewpoint presenter, Shirley Ludford. Aside from Shirley being paid part-time, the station is run entirely by volunteers. Shirley also dedicates many voluntary hours each week.  The station obtains its funding from grants, donations, fundraising events, training courses and limited on-air sponsorship.

The station has received numerous awards for its programmes and general service to the community of Swindon. It was presented the Queen's Award for Voluntary Service by Prince Edward, the Duke of Kent in October 2014, the highest award available to a voluntary group. Patrons of the service include Lord Joel Joffe (now deceased), Whoopi Goldberg, Simon May and Boyzone's Shane Lynch.

Swindon Viewpoint
Swindon Viewpoint is a local community TV channel based in, and serving Swindon. In more than half a century of history, it has been through several incarnations; including its early experimental cable TV phase, its main phase in the 1970s and 1980s, its 1990s low key phase, and its current active online phase since 2000.
Robert Francis Green
Robert Francis Green (November 14, 1861 – October 5, 1946) was a Canadian businessman and Conservative politician, born in Peterborough, Canada West. From 1893 to 1897, Green served three terms as mayor of Kaslo, British Columbia. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1898 to 1907, representing the ridings of first West Kootenay-Slocan then Kaslo. After the 1903 BC elections, Green was part of the government of Richard McBride, and was appointed Minister of Mines (June to November 1903), Education (June to September 1903), Lands and Works (November 1903 to December 1906), and Provincial Secretary (June to September 1903).

He was elected MP for Kootenay in 1912 and re-elected in the successor riding Kootenay West in 1917. At the end of that term in 1921, he was appointed to the Senate, where he served until his death at the age of 86.

Kootenay West
Kootenay West was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1988.

This riding was created in 1914 from parts of Kootenay riding. It was abolished in 1987 when it was merged into Kootenay West—Revelstoke riding.
Paul Phillips Harrison
Paul Phillipps Harrison (December 1, 1882 – October 22, 1950) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1924 to 1928 from the electoral district of Comox, an independent Liberal member. He did not seek a second term in the Legislature in the 1928 provincial election.

Comox (electoral district)
Comox was a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It was one of the first twelve ridings representing that province upon its joining Confederation, and was a one-member constituency. The core of this once-vast riding, which at its inception stretched to the Yukon border, is now named Comox Valley.
McNeese Cowboys basketball
The McNeese Cowboys basketball team represents McNeese State University in Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Southland Conference.

They are led by head coach Bill Armstrong and play their home games at Townsley Law Arena. Currently members of the NCAA Division I, they were national champions of the NAIA in 1956. Since joining Division I in 1972-73, the Cowboys have appeared four times in the NCAA Tournament, most recently in 2025. McNeese won against Clemson in 2025 for their first NCAA tournament win in program history.

Lake Charles, Louisiana
Lake Charles is the fifth-most populous city in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and the parish seat of Calcasieu Parish, located on the namesake lake, Prien Lake, and the Calcasieu River. Founded in 1861 in Calcasieu Parish, it is a major industrial, cultural, and educational center in the southwest region of Louisiana. As of the 2020 U.S. census, Lake Charles's population was 84,872.

The city and metropolitan area of Lake Charles is considered a significant center of petrochemical refining, gambling, tourism, and education, being home to McNeese State University and Sowela Technical Community College. Because of the lakes and waterways throughout the city, metropolitan Lake Charles is often called the "Lake Area".
2019 Canadian Open (curling)
The 2019 Meridian Canadian Open was held from January 8 to 13 at the Civic Centre in North Battleford, Saskatchewan. This will be the fifth Grand Slam event and third "major" of the 2018–19 curling season.

On the men’s side, Brendan Bottcher of Edmonton defeated John Epping of Toronto 6-3 in seven ends to win his first Grand Slam. On the women’s side, Rachel Homan of Ottawa edged Silvana Tirinzoni of Aarau 4-3 to win her tenth slam. With the win, Homan passed Jennifer Jones for most career Grand Slam wins, excluding defunct slams. It was also Homan's third straight slam win of the season.

Aarau
Aarau (Swiss Standard German: [ˈaːraʊ], Alemannic German pronunciation: [ˈɑːræu̯]) is a town, a municipality, and the capital of the northern Swiss canton of Aargau. The town is also the capital of the district of Aarau. It is German-speaking and predominantly Protestant. Aarau is situated on the Swiss plateau, in the valley of the Aare, on the river's right bank, and at the southern foot of the Jura Mountains, and is west of Zurich, 58 kilometres (36 miles) south of Basel and 65 kilometres (40 miles) northeast of Bern. The municipality borders directly on the canton of Solothurn to the west. It is the largest town in Aargau. At the beginning of 2010 Rohr became a district of Aarau.

The official language of Aarau is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Mountain Lodge (horse)
Mountain Lodge (15 March 1979 – after 2002) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. A specialist stayer she finished unplaced on her only start as a juvenile in 1981 but in the following year she won four races culminating with a victory in the Cesarewitch Handicap over two and a quarter miles. As a four-year-old she struggled for form early in the season but returned to her best in autumn to record her biggest victory in the Irish St Leger. Her win in Ireland made her the first older horse to win an Irish classic race. As a broodmare she produced several winners, the best of them being Compton Ace who won the Gordon Stakes and finished third in the Ascot Gold Cup. Through her daughter Beacon, she is the female-line ancestor of The Oaks winner Sariska.

Irish St. Leger
The Irish St Leger is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile and 6 furlongs (2,816 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

It is Ireland's equivalent of the St Leger Stakes, a famous race in England (although unlike the English race, it is open to both horses above age three and geldings).
Hamoud bin Abdullah al-Harthi
Sheikh Hamoud bin Abdullah al-Harthi was a prominent politician from Oman.

Al-Harthi was born about 1940 in al-Mudayrib in the al-Sharqiyah region. He was from Hirth tribe. He attended school in Zanzibar Sultanate and studied law in Cairo and Baghdad University. He later worked in Kuwait and then for the ministry of electricity and water in Abu Dhabi.

Al-Harthi returned to Oman in 1971 for government employment. First, he worked as the director of legal affairs in ministries and held several ministerial positions. He was appointed the chairman of the Consultative Assembly from 28 October 1983	to 1991.

Al-Harthi was appointed the Minister of Justice, Awqaf and Islamic Affairs in February 1991. He was then appointed the chairman of the Council of State of Oman in December 1997. He served in that role until his death on 1 March 2004.

University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad (UOB) (Arabic: جامعة بغداد), is a public research university in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the largest university in Iraq and the tenth largest in the Arab world. Established in 1957, it was the second largest university in the Arab world, after the University of Cairo. The university has four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Nahda Road and Wazeriya neighborhoods.

The first constituent was opened in 1908, followed by further institutions. Baghdad University provides academic programs in variety of fields such as engineering, medical sciences, liberal arts and religious education. The university maintains four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Wazeriya and Nahda Road.
INS Shivalik
INS Shivalik (F47) is the lead ship of her class of stealth multi-role frigates built for the Indian Navy. She is the first stealth warship built by India. She was built at the Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) located in Mumbai. Construction of the vessel began in 2001 and was completed by 2009. She underwent sea trials from thereon before being commissioned on 29 April 2010.

Shivalik features improved stealth and land attacking features over the preceding Talwar-class frigates. She is also the first Indian navy ship to use the CODOG (COmbined Diesel Or Gas) propulsion system.

Combined diesel or gas
Combined diesel or gas (CODOG) is a type of propulsion system for ships that need a maximum speed that is considerably faster than their cruise speed, particularly warships like modern frigates or corvettes.
Keith A. Smith
Keith A. Smith (born 1938 in Tipton, Indiana) is an American artist and author.  He has taught at the Visual Studies Workshop, the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and the University of Illinois.  He is a recipient of two Guggenheim Fellowships, a National Endowment of the Arts grant and a Pollock-Krasner Foundation grant. Smith creates books as works of art, as well as instructional texts on how to make books. Permanent collections which hold works by Smith include the National Gallery of Art, Museum of Modern Art, the National Gallery of Canada, and the Center for Creative Photography.

John Szarkowski
Thaddeus John Szarkowski (December 18, 1925 – July 7, 2007) was an American photographer, curator, historian, and critic. From 1962 to 1991 Szarkowski was the director of photography at New York's Museum of Modern Art (MoMA).
FC Metalurh Kupiansk
FC Metalurh Kupiansk is an amateur club from Kupiansk competing at the regional competitions of Kharkiv Oblast.

The club was founded in 1971 by the Kupiansk Foundry. The club is one of the most dedicated clubs that competed at national (republican) amateur competitions (Ukrainian football championship among amateurs) being one of the three that spent there over 20 seasons and yielding only to FC Shakhtar Sverdlovsk.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
István Blazsetin (1941–2001)
István Blazsetin (Croatian: Stipan Blažetin, 24 October 1941 – 4 March 2001) was a Croatian writer, cultural worker and pedagogue from Hungary. According to some authors, he is considered to be a Croatian writer from Vojvodina, Serbia. He wrote poetry, novels and children's literature. Blažetin was an  important collector of oral literature heritage of the Pomurje Croats.

Oral literature
Oral literature, orature, or folk literature is a genre of literature that is spoken or sung in contrast to that which is written, though much oral literature has been transcribed. There is no standard definition, as anthropologists have used varying descriptions for oral literature or folk literature. A broad conceptualization refers to it as literature characterized by oral transmission and the absence of any fixed form. It includes the stories, legends, and history passed through generations in a spoken form.
Tischeria ekebladella
Tischeria ekebladella is a moth of the family Tischeriidae. It is found in most of Europe and the Caucasus.

The wingspan is 8–11 mm. The forewings are deep ochreous yellow, suffusedly irrorated with fuscous towards the costa posteriorly and apex. Hindwings rather dark grey. Closely resembles Tischeria dodonea. Certain identification requires examination of a genitalia preparation.

Adults are on wing from May to June depending on the location.

The larvae feed on Castanea mollissima, C. sativa, Quercus cerris, Q. dalechampii, Q. faginea, Q. frainetto, Q. macranthera, Q. macrocarpa, Q. macrolepis, Q. pedunculiflora, Q. petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. robur, Q. rubra and Q. serrata × turneri. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Quercus dalechampii
Quercus dalechampii is a European species of oak in the family Fagaceae. It is native to southeastern Europe: Bulgaria, Greece and the rest of the Balkan Peninsula, Italy, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic.
Pelagio (opera)
Pelagio is an opera (tragedia lirica) in four acts by Saverio Mercadante. The Italian-language libretto was by Marco D'Arienzo. It premiered on 12 February 1857 at the Teatro San Carlo, Naples, to great success.

The opera had further successful performances in Milan and Lisbon.

In modern times, Pelagio was performed in 2005 in Gijón, Spain, and in 2008 at the Festival della Valle d'Itria.

Pelagio is an opera with "roots in the bel canto tradition that shows the influence of Verdi", and the work has been described as rich in "excellent music", with "at least one aria (for Bianca in act 4) of an almost Verdian intensity and pathos".

Teatro di San Carlo
The Real Teatro di San Carlo ("Royal Theatre of Saint Charles"), as originally named by the Bourbon monarchy but today known simply as the Teatro (di) San Carlo, is a historic opera house in Naples, Italy, connected to the Royal Palace and adjacent to the Piazza del Plebiscito. It is the oldest continuously active venue for opera in the world, having opened in 1737, decades before either Milan's La Scala or Venice's La Fenice.

The opera season runs from late November to July, with the ballet season from December to early June. The house once had a seating capacity of 3,285, but has now been reduced to 1,386 seats. Given its size, structure and antiquity, it was the model for theatres that were later built in Europe.
Dragonfly: NASA and the Crisis Aboard Mir
Dragonfly: NASA and the Crisis Aboard Mir (ISBN 0-88730-783-3) is a 1999 book by Bryan Burrough about the Russian Mir space station and the cosmonauts and astronauts who served aboard.  The story centres on astronaut Jerry Linenger and the events on the Shuttle and Mir Space Programme in 1997.

Personnel covered in the book

Astronaut Jerry Linenger

Astronaut John Blaha

Astronaut Michael Foale

Cosmonaut Aleksandr Lazutkin

Cosmonaut Vasili Tsibliyev

Cosmonaut Valeri Korzun

Co-chair, Flight Operations and Systems Integration Working Group, Energia, Viktor Blagov

Frank Culbertson

Blaine Hammond

Deputy Associate Administrator for the Office of Space Flight, George Abbey

Michael Foale
Colin Michael Foale CBE (/foʊl/; born 6 January 1957) is a British-American astrophysicist and a former NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of six space missions, and is the only NASA astronaut to have flown extended missions aboard both Mir and the International Space Station. He was the second Briton in space and the first to perform a space walk. Until 17 April 2008, he held the record for most time spent in space by a US citizen: 374 days, 11 hours, 19 minutes, and as of 2024 he held the cumulative-time-in-space record for a British citizen.
Peace Bridge, Wrocław
Peace Bridge (Polish: Most Pokoju) is a bridge located in Wrocław, Poland, constructed between 1954 and 1959. It spans over 124 metres and was designed by professor Jan Kmita. At first known as Voivodeship Bridge (Polish: Most Wojewódzki), it was renamed Peace Bridge in 1966.

Before World War II, there was another bridge in the same place, Lessingbrücke, named after the German philosopher and poet Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. The structure was built in 1875 using iron and was destroyed in 1945 during the siege of Breslau.

Currently, the bridge serves as a crucial connection for both pedestrian and road traffic, linking the northern and southern parts of Wrocław.

Siege of Breslau
The siege of Breslau, also known as the battle of Breslau, was a three-month-long siege of the city of Breslau in Lower Silesia, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland), lasting to the end of World War II in Europe. From 13 February 1945 to 6 May 1945, German troops in Breslau were besieged by the Soviet forces which encircled the city as part of the Lower Silesian Offensive Operation. The German garrison's surrender on 6 May was followed by the surrender of all German forces two days after the battle.