hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hamiltonian vector field
In mathematics and physics, a Hamiltonian vector field on a symplectic manifold is a vector field defined for any energy function or Hamiltonian. Named after the physicist and mathematician Sir William Rowan Hamilton, a Hamiltonian vector field is a geometric manifestation of Hamilton's equations in classical mechanics. The integral curves of a Hamiltonian vector field represent solutions to the equations of motion in the Hamiltonian form. The diffeomorphisms of a symplectic manifold arising from the flow of a Hamiltonian vector field are known as canonical transformations in physics and (Hamiltonian) symplectomorphisms in mathematics.

Hamiltonian vector fields can be defined more generally on an arbitrary Poisson manifold. The Lie bracket of two Hamiltonian vector fields corresponding to functions  and  on the manifold is itself a Hamiltonian vector field, with the Hamiltonian given by the Poisson bracket of  and .

Equations of motion
In physics, equations of motion are equations that describe the behavior of a physical system in terms of its motion as a function of time. More specifically, the equations of motion describe the behavior of a physical system as a set of mathematical functions in terms of dynamic variables. These variables are usually spatial coordinates and time, but may include momentum components. The most general choice are generalized coordinates which can be any convenient variables characteristic of the physical system. The functions are defined in a Euclidean space in classical mechanics, but are replaced by curved spaces in relativity. If the dynamics of a system is known, the equations are the solutions for the differential equations describing the motion of the dynamics.
Xialuhe Korean Ethnic Township
Xialuhe Korean Ethnic Township (simplified Chinese: 下露河朝鲜族乡; traditional Chinese: 下露河朝鮮族鄉; pinyin: Xiàlùhé Cháoxiǎnzú Xiāng), also known as Haroha Korean Ethnic Township (Korean: 하로하조선족향; Hanja: 下露河朝鮮族鄕; RR: Haroha Joseonjok Hyang; MR: Haroha Chosŏnjok Hyang), is an ethnic township in Kuandian Manchu Autonomous County, Dandong, Liaoning Province, China. Located 63.8 kilometres (39.6 mi) east of the county center, the township spans an area of 269.84 square kilometres (104.19 sq mi), and is home to 10,887 people as of 2018.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Kalakia
Kalakia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae. It includes a single species, Kalakia marginata, an annual endemic to Iran.

Two forms are accepted:

Kalakia marginata f. leiocarpa (Bornm. & Gauba) Alava (synonyms Ducrosia stenocarpa f. leiocarpa Bornm. & Gauba & Kalakia stenocarpa f. leiocarpa (Bornm. & Gauba) Alava)

Kalakia marginata f. marginata (synonyms Ducrosia stenocarpa Bornm. & Gauba, D. stenocarpa f. hebecarpa Bornm. & Gauba, Kalakia stenocarpa (Bornm. & Gauba) Alava, & K. stenocarpa f. hebecarpa (Bornm. & Gauba) Alava)

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Don Bosco Academy, Patna
Don Bosco Academy, Patna is a co-educational institution located in the Digha area of Patna, India, established in 1973. It is affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, New Delhi – ICSE school (till 12th standard) since 22 July 1983. It was founded by Alfred de rozario and his wife Dorothy Joy de Rozario . It is now managed by the Don Bosco Anglo-Indian Educational Society, Danapur branch
The current principal of the school Mrs. Mary Alphonsa.

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations
The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) is a non-governmental privately held national-level board of school education in India that conducts the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination for Class X and the Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII. G. Immanuel is the current Chairman of CISCE.
İskenderunspor (1978)
İskenderunspor, formerly known as Erzinspor, Erzin Belediyespor and İskenderun FK, is a football club based in İskenderun, Turkey. The club was founded in 1978 as Erzinspor in Erzin. İskenderunspor competes in the TFF Second League.

The club were promoted to the TFF Third League after the 2013–14 season by defeating 44 Malatyaspor in the playoffs, after they finished 1st in the 3rd group of the Turkish Regional Amateur League. The team was bought by Şaban Hakan Bolat during the season, and in 2021, İskenderunspor A.Ş. took its name and went to restructuring. For the restructuring, Ümit Karan was appointed as the manager and Jan Olde Riekerink was appointed as the general manager of the club.However, 23/24 season has seen a manager change and it is the one time Tottenham youth coach Koray Palaz at the helm.

Ümit Karan
Ümit Karan (born 1 October 1976) is a Turkish football manager and former player who is currently the manager of Menemenspor.

He played for Gençlerbirliği S.K., Ankaraspor, Galatasaray and Eskişehirspor. He made his international debut for Turkey in 1999, and earned a total of ten caps, scoring three goals.
G. Homer Harding
Guy Homer Harding (born December 7, 1925) is an American former politician in the state of South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota State Senate from 1971 to 1988. Throughout his state senate term, he represented the 19th, 22nd, 23rd, and 24th districts. He was also Treasurer of South Dakota from 1991 to 1995. Harding, a Republican, is a veteran of World War II and Korean War, serving in the US Army. He reached the rank of brigadier general and was later Assistant Adjutant General of South Dakota. He is an alumnus of the University of South Dakota and was a car dealer. Harding is also a past president of the Pierre Chamber of Commerce and former member of the Pierre School Board.

State treasurer
In the state and territorial governments of the United States, 54 of the 56 states and territories have the executive position of treasurer. New York abolished the office of New York State Treasurer in 1926, in which the duties were transferred to the New York State Comptroller. Texas abolished the position of Texas State Treasurer in 1996, transferring the duties of that office to the Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts.

The state treasurer serves as the chief custodian of each state's treasury and as the state's head banker. Typically, they receive and deposit state monies, manages investments, and keeps track of budget surpluses and deficits. The position has powers and responsibilities similar to those of the United States Secretary of the Treasury and the Treasurer of the United States, or the chief financial officer of a corporation.
Pardis Pourabedini
Pardis Pourabedini (Persian: پردیس پورعابدینی; born April 10, 2000) is an Iranian actress. She is best known for her leading roles as Razieh Moghaddam in Blue Blood (2020–2021) and as Fereshteh Khadem in Fereshteh's Sin (2023–2024) for which she earned two Hafez Award nominations. She won the Crystal Simorgh for Best Actress at the 41st Fajr International Film Festival for her performance in the 2023 war film Unknown.

Hafez Awards
Hafez Awards (Persian: جایزه حافظ) is an annual awards ceremony that honors achievements in Iranian cinema. The awards, first presented in 1997, are presented by Picture World Magazine (Aka. Donyaye Tassvir in Persian) which is why they are also known as Donyaye Tassvir Awards. It is the only non-governmental ceremony among the cinematic festivals and awards held in Iran. Mehran Modiri and Asghar Farhadi with 9 Hafez statues each have jointly been the most frequent recipients of this award.

The 20th Hafez Awards were held online due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Ampelmännchen
Ampelmännchen (German: [ˈampl̩ˌmɛnçən] ⓘ; literally 'little traffic light man', diminutive of Ampelmann [ampl̩ˈman] ⓘ) is the symbol shown on pedestrian signals in Germany. Prior to German reunification in 1990, the two German states had different forms of the pedestrian traffic lights, with a generic human figure in West Germany, and a generally "male" figure wearing a hat in the East.

The Ampelmännchen is a beloved symbol in former East Germany, "enjoy[ing] the privileged status of being one of the few features of East Germany to have survived the end of the Iron Curtain with his popularity unscathed". After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Ampelmännchen acquired cult status and became a popular souvenir item in the tourism business.

New states of Germany
The new states of Germany (German: die neuen Länder / die neuen Bundesländer) are the five re-established states of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR)  that unified with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) with its 10 "old states" upon German reunification on 3 October 1990.

The new states, which were dissolved by the GDR government in 1952 and re-established in 1990, are Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The state of Berlin, the result of a merger between East and West Berlin, is usually not considered one of the new states although a number of its residents are former East Germans and some of its areas were in the former East Berlin. There have been 16 states in Germany since reunification.
Gumuz language
Gumuz (also spelled Gumaz) is a dialect cluster spoken along the border of Ethiopia and Sudan. It has been tentatively classified within the Nilo-Saharan family. Most Ethiopian speakers live in Kamashi Zone and Metekel Zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz Region, although a group of 1,000 reportedly live outside the town of Welkite (Unseth 1989). The Sudanese speakers live in the area east of Er Roseires, around Famaka and Fazoglo on the Blue Nile, extending north along the border. Dimmendaal et al. (2019) suspect that the poorly attested varieties spoken along the river constitute a distinct language, Kadallu.

An early record of this language is a wordlist from the Mount Guba area compiled in February 1883 by Juan Maria Schuver.

Blue Nile
The Blue Nile is a river originating at Lake Tana in Ethiopia. It travels for approximately 1,450 km (900 mi) through Ethiopia and Sudan. Along with the White Nile, it is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile and supplies about 85.6% of the water to the Nile during the rainy season.
Mingoola, New South Wales
Mingoola is a rural locality in the New England region of New South Wales, Australia. The locality is in the Tenterfield Shire local government area, on the Bruxner Highway and Mole River 714 kilometres (444 mi) north west of the state capital, Sydney. At the 2016 census, Mingoola had a population of 18.

In 2016, Mingoola was the site for a pioneering refugee resettlement program. The program involved the resettlement of refugees from Africa to live and work in Mingoola. The program has been seen as an opportunity for refugees and small rural communities alike. However, by 2019, all of the refugees had left Mingoola due to drought making farming and farm jobs unviable, medical conditions that required being closer to specialists, and lack of water again due to the drought.

Bruxner Highway
Bruxner Highway, and its former western alignment as Bruxner Way, are a 420-kilometre (260 mi) state highway and rural road respectively, located in New South Wales, Australia. The route forms an east–west link across the Northern Tablelands in northern New South Wales, close to the border with Queensland, to the Northern Rivers coast. It was named after Michael Bruxner, NSW Minister for Transport from 1932 to 1941.
Portland, Florida
Portland is an unincorporated community located west of Freeport, Florida and east of Basin Bayou and the former settlement of Pensarosa.

The Portland Community Center is commonly used as a voting location for Precinct 420 of Walton County.

Basin Bayou
Basin Bayou is a bayou that is fed by Basin Creek and flows out to the Choctawhatchee Bay. Florida State Road 20 crosses the bayou at its mouth. The settlement of Pensarosa used to be located along its east shore.
Sheba (king)
Sheba (Hebrew: שְׁבָא‎) also known as Saba' is a biblical figure mentioned in the Book of Genesis. He is traditionally believed to be an ancient king of Yemen. He also plays a huge role in Arabian folklore as being the ancestor of the tribes of Sabaeans and later Himyarites who ruled Yemen until the middle of the 6th century CE.

Qahtanite
The Qahtanites (/ˈkɑːtənaɪts/; Arabic: قَحْطَانِيون, romanized: Qaḥṭānīyun), also known as Banu Qahtan (Arabic: بنو قحطان) or by their nickname al-Arab al-Ariba (Arabic: العرب العاربة), are the Arabs who originate from modern-day Hadhramaut, Yemen. The term "Qahtan" is mentioned in multiple Ancient South Arabian inscriptions found in Yemen. Some Arab traditions believe that the Qahtanites are the original Arabs.

In some Judeo-Christian-Islamic traditions, the Qahtanite Arabs descend from Jokshan, a son of Abraham through Keturah and half brother of Ishmael son of Abraham through Hagar.
Naya Nagar
Nayanagar is a village located at 25°44′47″N 86°06′10″E﻿ / ﻿25.7465°N 86.1027°E﻿ / 25.7465; 86.1027 in the Rosera Subdivision of Samastipur district. Total Population of Nayanagar is 10247 as of 2011 Census.

Samastipur district
Samastipur district is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar in India. The district headquarters are located at Samastipur. The district occupies an area of 2904km² and has a population of 4,261,566.

Samastipur was the largest milk producing district of Bihar in 2022.
Richard Grayson (artist)
Richard Grayson (born 1958) is a British artist, writer and curator. His art practice encompasses installation, video, painting and performance. He investigates ways that narratives shape our understandings of the world. His art and curatorial practice focus on narrative and the visual arts, belief systems and material expression, and ways cultural practices allow translation between the subjective and social/political realms.

Performance
A performance is an act or process of staging or presenting a play, concert, or other forms of entertainment. It is also defined as the action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
Maguiresbridge
Maguiresbridge is a small village in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. The village is named after the bridge over the Colebrooke River, first built by the local Maguire family about 1760. The nearest town is Lisnaskea, 3 miles (5 km) to the south. Enniskillen is 8 miles (13 km) to the west.

Lisnaskea
Lisnaskea (from Irish Lios na Scéithe, meaning 'fort of the shield') is the second-biggest settlement in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is situated mainly in the townland of Lisoneill, with some areas in the townland of Castle Balfour Demesne, both in the civil parish of Aghalurcher and the historic barony of Magherastephana. It had a population of 3,020 people at the 2021 census.

The nearby monument of Sciath Ghabhra is where the Maguires were crowned as kings and chiefs of Fermanagh. The town developed after the Plantation of Ulster and is built around the long main street. At the middle, the old market place, formerly known as The Diamond, contains a high cross (grid ref:H364340) from an early monastery. 19th century buildings include the former market house, corn market and butter market. The Castle Park Leisure Centre is situated just off the main street.
Solo Town
Solo Town (Sinhala: සෝලෝ ටවුන්) is a 2024 Sri Lankan Sinhalese musical drama film co-directed by Chathurangana de Silva and Sahan Wickramarachchi. The film is co-produced by Uditha Cooray and Sewwandi Weerasinghe for Stage Adventures Private Limited. It stars Raween Kanishka, Michelle Dilhara and Shanaya Vanhoff in the lead roles along with, Semini Iddamalgoda and Sujeeva Priyal made supportive roles. It is the first boy band film in Sri Lanka.

Semini Iddamalgoda
Semini Dinusha Palihawadana née Iddamalgoda (born June 19, 1973, as සේමිණි ඉද්දමල්ගොඩ) [Sinhala]), popularly as Semini Iddamalgoda, is an actress in Sri Lankan cinema, theater and television. Performing in both dramas to comedies, she is best known for the role Roshini in television sitcom Yes Boss, role Kumari in the film  Sinhawa Atharin and as Suddi in film 28.

She participated in reality programs Sirasa Dancing Stars and Hiru Mega Stars
History of Åland
The history of the Åland Islands spans more than six thousand years, from early human settlement to modern autonomy within Finland. Archaeological finds show that the islands have been inhabited continuously since the Neolithic period. Several Bronze Age sites and six hillforts from the Viking Age have been found on the islands.

Åland came under Swedish rule in the 13th century and remained under Swedish control until 1809, when the Russian Empire annexed both Finland and Åland. During the 19th century the islands were demilitarised and neutralised, and they stayed part of the Russian Empire until Finland declared independence in 1917.

In 1918, during the Finnish Civil War, Swedish and German forces intervened to protect civilians and secure control of the islands. The League of Nations resolved the Åland question in 1921, confirming Åland as part of Finland and granting the islands lasting autonomy while reaffirming their demilitarised status.

Kökar
Kökar (Swedish pronunciationⓘ) is an island municipality in the south-eastern part of the Åland archipelago, an autonomous region of Finland.

It is accessible by ferry from Långnäs on Åland's main island and from Galtby on the Finnish mainland.

Kökar has a population of 225 (as of 31 December 2023) and covers a total area of 2,165 km², of which 63.6 km² is land. The population density is 3.5 inhabitants per km².

The municipality is unilingually Swedish (with about 10% Finnish-speaking residents).

The Östra Långskär nature reserve is located within Kökar. Other notable islands include Kyrkogårdsö.

Ulla-Lena Lundberg, a Finnish author, was born in Kökar in 1947.
Airport (1993 film)
Airport  is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film directed by Joshi and written by S. N. Swamy. The film stars Sathyaraj, Gautami and M. G. Soman. Unlike most Indian films of that time and genre, it has no songs. The film, released on 9 December 1993, received critical acclaim but underperformed at the box office.

S. N. Swamy
Sivaram Narayana Swamy is a screenwriter, director and actor who works in the Indian film industry predominantly in the Malayalam cinema. Having born in Kochi, Kerala Swamy is particularly known for scripting films in the thriller genre. He has frequently collaborated with directors K. Madhu, Joshiy and A. K. Sajan.
1st Tactical Squadron
1st Tactical Squadron (known as 1.ELT - 1 Eskadra Lotnictwa Taktycznego in Poland) is a fighter squadron of Polish Air Force established in 2001 in Mińsk Mazowiecki, Poland. Squadron is stationed in 23rd Air Base and operates  MiG-29 9.12A and MiG-29UB 9.51A jet fighters. Unit has been created on the base of 1st Fighter Regiment (1944–2001).

Mińsk Mazowiecki
Mińsk Mazowiecki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmij̃sk mazɔˈvjɛtskʲi] ⓘ, lit. 'Masovian Minsk') is a town in eastern Poland with 40,999 inhabitants (2020). It is situated in the Masovian Voivodeship and is a part of the Warsaw metropolitan area. It is the capital of Mińsk County. Located 20 kilometers from the city limits of Warsaw and 38 kilometers from Warsaw's center.
Bare Point water treatment plant
The Bare Point Water Treatment Plant is the primary water filtration plant in the city of Thunder Bay, Ontario, drawing 113.6 million litres (25 million gallons) from Lake Superior per day. The plant uses a Zeeweed 1000 Version 3 Ultra-Filtration system, the first of its kind in the world, which reduces the need for harmful chemicals. The Zeeweed system uses long thin straws that suck up water then force it through the small holes of a membrane to filter out particles.

The Bare Point plant is located on the shore of Thunder Bay, at the northeastern corner of Thunder Bay's city limits, accessible off Lakeshore Drive. It was first constructed in 1903 and expanded in 1978 and again in 2007 to its current capacity. The plant's treatment method uses pre-chlorination, then coagulation-flocculation followed by membrane ultrafiltration and post chlorine disinfection.

Flocculation
In colloidal chemistry, flocculation is a process by which colloidal particles come out of suspension to sediment in the form of  floc or flake, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying agent. The action differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended, under the form of a stable dispersion (where the internal phase (solid) is dispersed throughout the external phase (fluid) through mechanical agitation) and are not truly dissolved in solution.

Coagulation and flocculation are important processes in fermentation and water treatment with coagulation aimed to destabilize and aggregate particles through chemical interactions between the coagulant and colloids, and flocculation to sediment the destabilized particles by causing their aggregation into floc.