hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joint United States Public Affairs Office
The Joint United States Public Affairs Office (JUSPAO) was a multi-agency organization that provided integrated Information Operations support in South Vietnam from 1965 to 1972.  Involving military, US Information Agency and State Department efforts, JUSPAO provided direction for a range of public affairs, public diplomacy and psychological operations.

Information Operations (United States)
Information Operations is a category of direct and indirect support operations for the United States Military.  By definition in Joint Publication 3-13, "IO are described as the integrated employment of electronic warfare (EW), computer network operations (CNO), psychological operations (PSYOP), military deception (MILDEC), and operations security (OPSEC), in concert with specified supporting and related capabilities, to Information Operations (IO) are actions taken to affect adversary information and information systems while defending one's own information and information systems."
Formiga (futsal player)
Rogério Hugo Rodrigues dos Santos (born 22 October 1978), commonly known as Formiga, is a Portuguese futsal player who plays as a winger for Gondomar FC. Formiga also played for the Portugal national team, earning 85 caps in total.

Portugal national futsal team
The Portugal national futsal team represents Portugal in international men's futsal competitions and is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation. They are the reigning FIFA Futsal World Cup champions, the current and back-to-back winners of the UEFA Futsal Championship, and the first team to win the Futsal Finalissima.

Portugal has won the 2021 FIFA Futsal World Cup, the European Championship in 2018 and 2022 and the 2022 Futsal Finalissima. They are one of only four teams to win the World Cup as well as one of four to be crowned European champions and the winners of the first ever Futsal Finalissima. Portugal are, together with Spain, the only team from UEFA to be world champions and the only team, also alongside Spain, to successfully defend their European title. They are the only team to win the World Cup title as reigning European champions.
Tumlingtar
Tumlingtar (Nepali: तुम्लिङटार) is a region and a town, in Sankhuwasabha district of Province No. 1 of Eastern Nepal, between the Arun and Sabha rivers. It is located in Sankhuwasabha District. It is also the deepest valley of the world and largest ṭār (butte or mesa) of Nepal. The total area of Tumlingtar is 8.5 sq.km. It is ethinically diverse place.

Arun River (China–Nepal)
The Arun River (Nepali: अरुण नदी) is a trans-boundary river that is part of the Koshi or Sapta Koshi river system in Nepal. It originates in the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China where it is called the Phung Chu or Bum-chu.
Moebius (2013 film)
Moebius (Korean: 뫼비우스) is a 2013 South Korean silent arthouse horror drama film written and directed by Kim Ki-duk. The narrative is conveyed entirely without use of spoken dialogue, written subtitles, or intertitles. Instead, characters communicate through vocables, and share moments of intensive gazing as a substitute for conversation. Moebius is also devoid of non-diegetic sound, with the exception of two scenes which mark the beginning of the film and the conclusion leading into the end credits. Moebius was screened out of competition at the 70th Venice International Film Festival. It was initially banned in South Korea, before the Korea Media Rating Board reviewed the film and changed the rating.

70th Venice International Film Festival
The 70th annual Venice International Film Festival, was held from 28 August to 7 September 2013, at Venice Lido in Italy.

Italian filmmaker Bernardo Bertolucci was the jury president for the main competition. He was previously the president of the jury at the 40th edition in 1983. Italian actress Eva Riccobono hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival.

The Golden Lion was awarded to Sacro GRA by Gianfranco Rosi, marking the first documentary film to ever win it.

American filmmaker William Friedkin received the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement during the festival.

The festival opened with Gravity by Alfonso Cuarón, and closed with Amazonia by Thierry Ragobert.
NASA facilities
There are NASA facilities across the United States and around the world. NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC provides overall guidance and political leadership to the agency. There are 10 NASA field centers, which provide leadership for and execution of NASA's work. All other facilities fall under the leadership of at least one of these field centers. Some facilities serve more than one application for historic or administrative reasons. NASA has used or supported various observatories and telescopes, and an example of this is the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. In 2013 a NASA Office of the Inspector General's (OIG) Report recommended a Base Realignment and Closure Commission (BRAC) style organization to consolidate NASA's little used facilities. The OIG determined at least 33 of NASA's 155 facilities were underutilized.

Base Realignment and Closure
Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) was a process by a United States federal government commission to increase the efficiency of the United States Department of Defense by coordinating the realignment and closure of military installations following the end of the Cold War. Over 350 installations have been closed in five BRAC rounds: 1988, 1991, 1993, 1995, and 2005. These five BRAC rounds constitute a combined savings of $12 billion annually.
Irota
Irota is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary. It is 20 kilometres north of the town of Edelény, 180 metres above sea level in a narrow valley. Its only stream, the ‘Hunters’ Creek’ (Vadászpatak in Hungarian) runs south. In the forest area which starts from the northern end of Irota, there is the highest peak of the region (the so-called Goat Bank, or Kecskepad) at a height of 340 metres.

Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén County
Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén (Hungarian: Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén vármegye, pronounced [ˈborʃod ˈɒbɒuːj ˈzɛmpleːn]; Slovak: Boršodsko-abovsko-zemplínska) is an administrative county (comitatus or vármegye) in north-eastern Hungary (commonly called "Northern Hungary"), on the border with Slovakia (Košice Region). It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Nógrád, Heves, Hajdú–Bihar and Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg. The capital of Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén county is Miskolc. Of the seven statistical regions of Hungary it belongs to the region Northern Hungary.

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén is the second largest county of Hungary both by area (after Bács–Kiskun) and by population (after Pest County). It is the only Hungarian county with two UNESCO World Heritage Sites (the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst and the Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape).
I. Polavaram, Konaseema district
I. Polavaram or Island Polavaram is a village in I. Polavaram Mandal, located in Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. I.Polavaram mandal comes under Mummidivaram constituency and is a part of Konaseema.

Mummidivaram
Mummidivaram is a town in Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The Mummidivaram revenue block was formed out of the Amalapuram tehsil in July 1969. It is the second largest town in Konaseema district.
Will Graves
William Thomas Graves (born May 15, 1988) is an American former basketball player. He played college basketball for North Carolina before playing professionally in Japan, Argentina, Venezuela, Iceland, Israel and Portugal.

2015–16 Israeli Basketball Super League
The 2015–2016 Israeli Basketball Super League was the 62nd season of the Israeli Basketball Super League. The regular season started on October 11, 2015, and ended on March 6, 2016. The last game was played on June 9, 2016.

This season, the league had a different format. After the eight best teams qualified for the Playoffs, the winners of the series would play in a Final Four tournament.

Hapoel Jerusalem was the defending champion. Hapoel failed to reclaim its title, because Maccabi Rishon LeZion won in the Final. It was the first championship ever for Rishon LeZion.
Tengboche
Tengboche (or Thyangboche) is a village in Khumbu Pasanglhamu rural municipality in the Khumbu subregion of Koshi Province in Nepal, located at 3,867 metres (12,687 ft). Within the village is an important Buddhist monastery,  Tengboche Monastery, which is the largest gompa in the Khumbu region. The structure was built in 1923. In 1934, it was destroyed by an earthquake but subsequently rebuilt. It was destroyed again by a fire in 1989, and again rebuilt with the help of volunteers and the provision of foreign aid. Tengboche has  a panoramic view of the Himalayan mountains, including the well-known peaks of  Tawache, Everest, Nuptse, Lhotse, Ama Dablam, and Thamserku. Tenzing Norgay, the first man to reach the summit of Mount Everest with Sir Edmund Hillary, was born in the area in the village of Thani and was once sent to Tengboche Monastery to be a monk.

Nuptse
Nuptse or Nubtse is a mountain in the Khumbu region of the Mahalangur Himal, a part of the Nepalese Himalayas. It lies 2 km (1.2 mi) to the southwest of Mount Everest.  The main peak, Nuptse I with an elevation of 7,861 m (25,791 ft), was first climbed on May 16, 1961 by Dennis Davis and Sherpa Tashi. After a hiatus of almost 20 years, Nuptse became an objective of mountaineers again, with important routes being put up on its west, south, and north faces.
Gong nui
Gong nui or gong neoi (Chinese: 港女; lit. 'Kong girl') is a Cantonese pejorative term describing a negative stereotype of Hong Kong women as worshipping money, narcissistic, being obsessed with foreign culture, or suffering from "princess syndrome". The term is commonly used on internet forums as well as in the press.

Pejorative
A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism, hostility, or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa) in some or all contexts.
Actin nucleation core
An actin nucleation core is a protein trimer with three actin monomers.  It is called a nucleation core because it leads to the energetically favorable elongation reaction once a tetramer is formed from a trimer.  Actin protein dimers and trimers are energetically unfavorable. Actin nucleators like the Arp2/3 complex of proteins from the formin family are most frequently involved in this process. Actin nucleation factors start the polymerization of actin within cells.

Many distinct proteins that can mediate the de novo nucleation of filaments directly interact with actin and promote it. This gives protrusive membrane formations their initial impetus. These entities may take the form of pseudopodia, invadopodia, or non-apoptotic membrane blebs.

Protein trimer
In biochemistry, a protein trimer is a macromolecular complex formed by three, usually non-covalently bound, macromolecules like proteins or nucleic acids. A protein trimer often occurs from the assembly of a protein's quaternary structure. The non-covalent interactions between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions on the polypeptides units help to stabilize the quaternary structure. Since a protein trimer is composed of multiple polypeptide subunits, it is considered an oligomer.

A homotrimer would be formed by three identical molecules. A heterotrimer would be formed by three different macromolecules. Type II Collagen is an example of homotrimeric protein, while Type I collagen is an AAB-type heterotrimeric protein. An example of viral protein homotrimeric protein is mammarenavirus of Z matrix protein.

Porins usually arrange themselves in membranes as trimers.
Matthew Herbert (died 1611)
Matthew Herbert (c. 1563 – 1611), of Dolguog, Machynlleth, Montgomeryshire, was a Welsh politician.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Montgomery Boroughs in 1586. He was a justice of the peace for Montgomeryshire  from c. 1594 and Merionethshire from c. 1596. He was Sheriff of Merionethshire in 1598–99 and again in 1609–10.

Machynlleth
Machynlleth (Welsh: [maˈχənɬɛθ] ⓘ) is a market town, community and electoral ward in Powys, Wales and within the historic boundaries of Montgomeryshire. It is in the Dyfi Valley at the intersection of the A487 and the A489 roads.  At the 2001 Census it had a population of 2,147, rising to 2,235 in 2011. It is sometimes referred to colloquially as Mach.

Machynlleth was the seat of Owain Glyndŵr's Welsh Parliament in 1404, and as such claims to be the "ancient capital of Wales". However, it has never held any official recognition as a capital. It applied for city status in 2000 and 2002, but was unsuccessful. It is twinned with Belleville, Michigan.

Machynlleth hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1937 and 1981.
BMW M88
The BMW M88 is a straight-6 DOHC petrol engine which was produced from 1978 to 1989. It is based on the DOHC version of the BMW M49 engine, which was used in the BMW 3.0CSi racing cars.

The M88 was produced alongside the BMW M30 engine, as the higher performance engine. In North America up until 1989, the BMW S38 engine was used instead of the M88. In 1989, an updated version of the S38 became the worldwide replacement for the M88. The M30B35LE is a SOHC engine which is based on the M88/1; this is sometimes referred to as the M90.

Motronic
Motronic is the trade name given to a range of digital engine control units developed by Robert Bosch GmbH (commonly known as Bosch) which combined control of fuel injection and ignition in a single unit. By controlling both major systems in a single unit, many aspects of the engine's characteristics (such as power, fuel economy, drivability, and emissions) can be improved.
Max Guggenheim
Max Guggenheim (6 November 1922 – 10 March 1996) was a Swiss philatelist who was added to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1976.

Guggenheim was an expert in the philately of Great Britain, of which he formed an international Large Gold medal-winning collection, Nova Scotia, and the postal history of Texas.

Postal history
Postal history is the study of postal systems and how they operate and, or, the study of the use of postage stamps and covers and associated postal artifacts illustrating historical episodes in the development of postal systems. The term is attributed to Robson Lowe, a professional philatelist, stamp dealer and stamp auctioneer, who made the first organised study of the subject in the 1930s and described philatelists as "students of science", but postal historians as "students of humanity".  More precisely, philatelists describe postal history as the study of rates, routes, markings, and means (of transport).
Cherry blossom cultivation by country
In the present day, ornamental cherry blossom trees are distributed and cultivated worldwide. While flowering cherry trees were historically present in Europe, North America, and China, the practice of cultivating ornamental cherry trees was centered in Japan, and many of the cultivars planted worldwide, such as that of Prunus × yedoensis, have been developed from Japanese hybrids.

The global distribution of ornamental cherry trees, along with flower viewing festivals or hanami, largely started in the early 20th century, often as gifts from Japan. However, some regions have their own native species of flowering cherry trees, a notable variety of which is Prunus cerasoides.

Wuxi
Wuxi (Chinese: 无锡; pinyin: Wúxī, WOO-shee) is a city in southern Jiangsu, China. As of 2024, it had a population of 7,495,000. The city lies in the southern Yangtze delta and borders Lake Tai. Notable landmarks include Lihu Park, the Mt. Lingshan Grand Buddha Scenic Area and its 88-meter (289 ft)-tall Grand Buddha at Ling Shan statue, Xihui Park, Wuxi Zoo, and the Wuxi Museum. Transportation options include Wuxi Shuofang Airport, Wuxi Metro, Shanghai–Nanjing intercity high-speed railway, and Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway. Wuxi is home to Jiangnan University.
Kaloudis Alexoudis
Kaloudis Alexoudis (Greek: Καλούδης Αλεξούδης, born (1961-02-24)24 February 1961) is a retired Greek male volleyball player. He was a part of Greece men's national volleyball team. He played for Olympiacos for 5 years (1980–1985), winning 2 Greek Championships and 2 Greek Cups.

Greek Volleyball Cup
The Greek Volleyball Cup is organized by Hellenic Volleyball Federation and started in 1980–81 season. The competition was not held sometimes in the past for financial reasons . Olympiacos won the first Cup in 1981 and is the most successful club, having won the title 18 times. They are also the current Cup holders.

In 1986–87 edition, teams from the 1st Division did not take part. In 1998, Final 4 was established. In the period 2003–07, Final 8 were held. From 2003 to 2012 only the 1st Division teams competed for the trophy. From 2013 the participating clubs come from all divisions.
Ward (electoral subdivision)
A ward is a local authority area, typically used for electoral purposes. In some countries, wards are usually named after neighbourhoods, thoroughfares, parishes, landmarks, geographical features and in some cases historical figures connected to the area (e.g. William Morris Ward in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, England). It is common in the United States for wards to simply be numbered.

Thoroughfare
A thoroughfare is a primary passage or way of transport, whether by road on dry land or, by extension, via watercraft or aircraft. Originally, the word referred to a main road or open street which was frequented thoroughly.
Weakly compact cardinal
In mathematics, a weakly compact cardinal is a certain kind of cardinal number introduced by Erdős & Tarski (1961); weakly compact cardinals are large cardinals, meaning that their existence cannot be proven  from the standard axioms of set theory. (Tarski originally called them "not strongly incompact" cardinals.)

Formally, a cardinal κ is defined to be weakly compact if it is uncountable and for every function f: [κ]  2  → {0, 1} there is a set of cardinality κ that is homogeneous for f.  In this context, [κ]  2  means the set of 2-element subsets of κ, and a subset S of κ is homogeneous for f if and only if either all of [S]2 maps to 0 or all of it maps to 1.

The name "weakly compact" refers to the fact that if a cardinal is weakly compact then a certain related infinitary language satisfies a version of the compactness theorem; see below.

Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.  A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton.

Mathematics typically does not define precisely what constitutes a "set" or "collection", because such a definition would have to be in terms of something else previously defined.  Instead, sets serve as foundational objects whose behavior is described by axioms modeled on intuition about collections, and then essentially all other mathematical objects are rigorously defined in terms of sets.

Set theory studies possible axiom systems and their consequences.
Since the first half of the 20th century, ZFC (Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice) has been the axiom system most commonly used.
Gur-e-Dokhtar
Gur-e Dokhtar (Persian: گور دختر) is an ancient tomb located in the province of Bushehr in Iran. This grave has great similarities to Cyrus II's tomb in Pasargad, but is smaller. The tomb dates to the 6th century BC. It is possibly the tomb of Cyrus the Great's grandfather, Cyrus I.

Tomb
A tomb (from Ancient Greek: τύμβος tumbos, meaning "mound" or "burial monument") is a repository for the remains of the dead. It may be above or below ground and can vary greatly in form, size, and cultural significance. Tombs are one of the oldest forms of funerary monuments, serving both as a means of final disposition and as expressions of religious belief, commemoration, and social status.

Placing a body in a tomb can be called entombment, distinct from simpler burial practices. Tombs often involve architectural or artistic design and can become significant cultural or religious landmarks.
Chururuyuq
Chururuyuq (chururu local name for a kind of flamingo (Phoenicoparrus jamesi, also applied for Phoenicoparrus andinus) "the one with the chururu", Hispanicized spelling Chururuyo) is a 5,320-metre-high (17,450 ft) mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Lima Region, Huaura Province, Santa Leonor District. It lies northeast of Chururu.

Department of Lima
Lima (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlima]; Jaqaru: Nimaja, [niˈmaxa]) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's central coast, it is administered by a regional government based in Huacho, whose jurisdiction does not include the quasi-autonomous special regime of the province of Lima, coterminous with the country's capital, Lima.
Jennifer S. Hirsch
Jennifer Hirsch is a professor of Sociomedical Sciences at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University. From 2010 to 2024, she directed Sociomedical Sciences's doctoral programs. She currently co-directs the Columbia Center for Population Research. Hirsch also co-directed the Sexual Health Initiative to Foster Transformation. Her work spans topics such as gender, human sexuality, and public health. Her book, A Courtship After Marriage: Sexuality and Love in Mexican Transnational Families, which has been used widely in college classrooms, explores the lives of Mexican women in Atlanta and rural Mexico, with a focus on changing ideas of marriage among Latinx couples. Hirsch served on the Board of Directors of Jews for Racial and Economic Justice from 2014 to 2020 (and as board chair from 2018 to 2020) and is a member of B'nai Jeshurun

B'nai Jeshurun (Manhattan)
B'nai Jeshurun is a non-denominational Jewish synagogue located at 257 West 88th Street and 270 West 89th Street, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States.

The synagogue building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in June 1989.
Barr Subdivision
The Barr Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the U.S. states of Indiana and Illinois. The line runs from Willow Creek (a neighborhood in Portage, Indiana), west to just west of Blue Island, Illinois, along a former Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) line. At its east end, it junctions with the Porter Subdivision and Garrett Subdivision; its west end is at the south end of the Blue Island Subdivision, with access to the New Rock Subdivision via trackage rights over the Metra Rock Island District and access to the Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad. Junctions exist with the Lake Subdivision at Pine Junction in Gary, Indiana and with the Chicago Heights Subdivision at Harvey Junction (near Blue Island).

Portage, Indiana
Portage (/ˈpɔːrtɪdʒ/ POR-tij) is a city in Portage and Westchester townships, Porter County, in the U.S. state of Indiana, on the border with Lake County. The population was 37,926 as of the 2020 census. It is the largest city in Porter County, and third largest in Northwest Indiana.