hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Galbreath
Thomas Crawford Galbreath (July 28, 1876 – July 24, 1916) was an American football and baseball player. He served as the head football coach at Western Maryland College (now McDaniel College) from 1896 to 1898. He attended Harvard University from 1902 to 1903.

McDaniel College
McDaniel College is a private college in Westminster, Maryland, United States, established in 1867.  McDaniel College is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. The college also has a satellite campus, McDaniel College Budapest, in Budapest, Hungary. The college owns and manages a shopping center and residential properties through its for-profit arm.
Red & Tan
Red & Tan (or Red and Tan) was the name of two Coach USA bus operators in the New York metropolitan area:

Red & Tan in Hudson County, a former brand of Olympia Trails, serving southern Hudson County, New Jersey

Rockland Coaches (The Red & Tan Lines), serving Bergen County, New Jersey and Rockland County, New York

Coach USA
Coach USA, LLC is a holding company for various American transportation service providers providing scheduled intercity bus service, local and commuter bus transit, city sightseeing, tour, yellow school bus, and charter bus service across the United States and Canada. It is owned by the Renco Group.
Rancho San Vicente y Santa Mónica
Rancho San Vicente y Santa Mónica was a 33,000-acre (130 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California, given by governor Juan Alvarado in 1839 to Francisco Sepúlveda II, a soldier and citizen of Los Angeles. The rancho included what are now Santa Monica, Brentwood, Mandeville Canyon, and parts of Bel-Air and West Los Angeles.

Bel Air, Los Angeles
Bel Air is a residential neighborhood in the Westside region on the foothills of the Santa Monica Mountains of Los Angeles, California, United States.

Together with Beverly Hills and Holmby Hills, Bel Air forms the Platinum Triangle of Los Angeles neighborhoods. Bel Air, Beverly Hills, and the Los Angeles community of Brentwood are also known as the "three Bs".
Wildflowers (film)
Wildflowers is a 1999 drama film directed by Melissa Painter and starring Clea DuVall, Daryl Hannah, Tomas Arana and Eric Roberts. It features former United States Poet Laureate Robert Hass reading some of his own poetry. Filmed in San Francisco and Marin County, California, it was given a limited theatrical release and received a mixed reception from critics.

Robert Hass
Robert L. Hass (born March 1, 1941) is an American poet. He served as Poet Laureate of the United States from 1995 to 1997. He won the 2007 National Book Award and shared the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for the collection Time and Materials: Poems 1997–2005. In 2014 he was awarded the Wallace Stevens Award from the Academy of American Poets.
Johnny Yin
Johnny Yin Cheng-yang (Chinese: 殷正洋; pinyin: Yīn Zhèngyáng; Wade–Giles: Yin Cheng-yang; born (1961-01-23)23 January 1961) is a Taiwanese singer and host. Born in Taipei, Taiwan, Yin has won three Golden Melody Awards for Best Male Mandarin Singer. He has also won the Golden Tripod and two Golden Bell Awards, earning him the name "Three Gold Singer". Yin is known for his thick and stentorian singing voice.

Golden Tripod
The Golden Tripod Award (Chinese: 金鼎獎) is the highest honor in Taiwan’s publishing industry. It was launched in 1976, and was sponsored by the Government Information Office until 2012, when the Ministry of Culture began awarding the prize. The award ceremony was first televised in 1982.
Miracles (Change album)
Miracles is the second studio album by the Italian/U.S. ensemble Change. It was released in 1981 and reached number forty-six on the US Billboard Album Chart and nine on the US Billboard Black Albums chart. Miracles includes the singles "Paradise", "Your Move", "Heaven of My Life", "Stop for Love" (in the UK only) and "Miracles".

The band recorded the songs for the album at Fonoprint Studios in Bologna, Italy. The songs were then taken to Mediasound Studios in New York City for the recording of the vocals. The sessions were mastered at Sterling Sound Studios. The album was originally released as an LP in March 1981. The artwork was designed by Greg Porto.

Mediasound Studios
Mediasound was an American independent recording studio facility located at 311 West 57th Street in New York City established in 1969 by Harry Hirsch and Bob Walters with financial backing from Joel Rosenman and John P. Roberts.
Henri Brod
Henri Brod (June 13, 1799 - April 6, 1839) was a French oboist, instrument builder and composer of the early Romantic Era. Brod was considered a virtuoso and introduced his own innovations in both oboe design and playing style that are still in use today.

Virtuoso
A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, Italian: [virˈtwoːzo] or Italian: [virtuˈoːso]; Late Latin virtuosus; Latin virtus; 'virtue', 'excellence' or 'skill') is an individual who possesses outstanding talent and technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.
The Summer Solstice
"The Summer Solstice", also known as "Tatarin" or "Tadtarin", is a short story written by Filipino National Artist for Literature Nick Joaquin.  In addition to being regarded as one of  Joaquin's most acclaimed literary works, the tale is considered to be controversial.  The story narrates a ritual performed by women to invoke the gods to grant the blessing of fertility by dancing around a Balete tree that was already a century old.  Joaquin later turned this short story into a play entitled Tatarin: A Witches' Sabbath in Three Acts, on which a film adaptation has been based.

National Artist of the Philippines
The Order of National Artists of the Philippines (Tagalog: Orden ng mga Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas) is an order bestowed by the President of the Philippines on Philippine nationals who have made significant contributions to the development of Philippine art. Members of the order are known as National Artists. Originally instituted as an award, it was elevated to the status of an order in 2003.

The order is administered by the Cultural Center of the Philippines by virtue of President Ferdinand Marcos's Proclamation No. 1001 of April 27, 1972, and the National Commission for Culture and the Arts. The first award was posthumously conferred on Filipino painter Fernando Amorsolo.
Affinine
Affinine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid which can be isolated from plants of the genus Tabernaemontana. Structurally it can be considered a member of the vobasine alkaloid family and may be synthesized from tryptophan. Limited pharmacological testing has indicated that it may be an effective inhibitor of both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase.

Butyrylcholinesterase
Butyrylcholinesterase (HGNC symbol BCHE; EC 3.1.1.8), also known as BChE, BuChE, BuChase, pseudocholinesterase, or plasma (cholin)esterase, is a nonspecific cholinesterase enzyme that hydrolyses many different choline-based esters. In humans, it is made in the liver, found mainly in blood plasma, and encoded by the BCHE gene.

It is very similar to the neuronal acetylcholinesterase, which is also known as RBC or erythrocyte cholinesterase. The term "serum cholinesterase" is generally used in reference to a clinical test that reflects levels of both of these enzymes in the blood. Assay of butyrylcholinesterase activity in plasma can be used as a liver function test as both hypercholinesterasemia and hypocholinesterasemia indicate pathological processes. The half-life of BCHE is approximately 10 to 14 days.

Butyrylcholine is a synthetic compound that does not occur in the body naturally. It is used as a tool to distinguish between acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase.
Higashi-ku, Kumamoto
Higashi-ku (東区) is one of the five wards of Kumamoto City, Japan. Meaning literally "east ward," it is bordered by the Kita-ku, Chūō-ku, Minami-ku and also by the towns of Kikuyō, Mashiki and Kashima. As of 2012, it has a population of 188,546 people and an area of 50.32 km2.

Mashiki, Kumamoto
Mashiki (益城町, Mashiki-machi) is a town located in Kamimashiki District, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2024, the town had an estimated population of 34,118 in 14750 households, and a population density of 520 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 65.68 km2 (25.36 sq mi). Kumamoto Airport is located in Mashiki.
33 (Southpacific album)
33 is the common name given to the debut release from Canadian space rock band Southpacific, self-released on August 15, 1998, and later re-released as a promo on Turnbuckle Records and re-pressed in 2000.  It was produced by the band's own member, Graeme Fleming.

"33" is a reference to the total time of the record in minutes, as well as to the revolutions per minute at which a full-length vinyl record spins. (However, 33 was not released on vinyl, only on CD.)

Space rock
Space rock is a music genre characterized by loose and lengthy song structures centered on instrumental textures that typically produce a hypnotic, otherworldly sound. It may feature distorted and reverberation-laden guitars, minimal drumming, languid vocals, synthesizers, and lyrical themes of outer space and science fiction.

The genre emerged in late 1960s psychedelia and progressive rock bands such as Pink Floyd, Hawkwind, and Gong who explored a "cosmic" sound. Similar sounds were pursued in the early 1970s' West German kosmische Musik ("cosmic music") scene. By the 1980s and 1990s, the "drone-heavy" sound of Spacemen 3, spearheaded a revival of the genre which later influenced shoegaze and post-rock.
Kyaikkhami
Kyaikkhami ( Mon: ကျာ်ခမဳlistenⓘ; Burmese: ကျိုက္ခမီမြို့, MLCTS: kyuikhka.mi mrui.; pronounced [tɕaiʔkʰəmì mjo̰]; Thai: เชียงกราน,  formerly Amherst) is a resort town within Thanbyuzayat township in the Mon State of south-east Myanmar.

The town is situated on a peninsula about 48 km (30 mi) south of  Mawlamyine, the capital of Mon State. It is a popular destination for local pilgrims and some tourists. The town has a pagoda (Kyaikkami Yele Pagoda or Kyaik-kami Ye Le Paya) just constructed on the sea using the natural foundation of its ocean reefs, which is connected with the corridor to the beach and always attracts the people for the festival of donations over the sea tides during.

MLC Transcription System
The Myanmar Language Commission Transcription System (1980), also known as the MLC Transcription System (MLCTS), is a transliteration system for rendering Burmese in the Latin alphabet. It is loosely based on the common system for romanization of Pali, has some similarities to the ALA-LC romanization and was devised by the Myanmar Language Commission. The system is used in many linguistic publications regarding Burmese and is used in MLC publications as the primary form of romanization of Burmese.

The transcription system is based on the orthography of formal Burmese and is not suited for colloquial Burmese, which has substantial differences in phonology from formal Burmese. Differences are mentioned throughout the article.
Techniquest
Techniquest is a science discovery centre located in Cardiff Bay, Wales. It gives visitors a hands-on approach to science and includes a science theatre, a planetarium, and an exhibition space with over 100 interactive exhibits aimed at visitors of all ages.

Techniquest was founded in 1986 by Professor John Beetlestone (1932–2016) and his colleagues from Cardiff University. It previously had a sister venue located in Wrexham, along with locations in Llanberis in Gwynedd, and the Adventure Centre in Narberth, Pembrokeshire.

Narberth, Pembrokeshire
Narberth (Welsh: Arberth) is a town and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It was founded around a Welsh court and later became a Norman stronghold on the Landsker Line. It became the headquarters of the hundred of Narberth.  It was once a marcher borough. George Owen described it in 1603 as one of nine Pembrokeshire "boroughs in decay".

In 2021, the population of both wards (rural and urban) was 4,100 (rounded to the nearest 100),19.6% of whom are Welsh-speaking. Narberth is close to the A40 trunk road and is on the A478. Narberth railway station is on the main line from Swansea. The community includes the village of Crinow.
General Spinola
General Spinola may mean:

Ambrogio Spinola, 1st Marquess of Los Balbases (1569–1630), Genoese aristocrat who served as a Spanish general

António de Spínola (1910–1996), Portuguese military officer

Francis B. Spinola (1821–1891), Italian-American general in the Union Army

Francis B. Spinola
Francis Barretto Spinola (March 19, 1821 – April 14, 1891) was an American politician and military leader often considered to have been the first Italian American to be elected to the United States House of Representatives, serving two terms as a representative from New York from 1887 to 1891.

He also served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
4th Canadian Ministry
The Fourth Canadian Ministry was the cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Sir John Abbott.  It governed Canada from 16 June 1891 to 24 November 1892, including only a year and a half in the middle of the 7th Canadian Parliament.  The government was formed by the old Conservative Party of Canada.

Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau
Sir Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau PC KCMG (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf adɔlf ʃaplo]; November 9, 1840 – June 13, 1898), born in Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec, was a French-Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 7th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec from 1892 to 1898.
Jonquet
Jonquet is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

François Jonquet (born 1961), French writer, novelist, art critic and film critic

Robert Jonquet (1925–2008), French footballer

Thierry Jonquet (1954–2009), French writer

Robert Jonquet
Robert Henri Jonquet (3 May 1925 – 17 December 2008) was a French footballer who played as a defender. He played the majority of his professional career for the club Reims, winning five French championships and appearing in two European Cup finals. He is considered one of the best central defenders of his time.

Nicknamed "The Hero of Highbury" after an outstanding individual performance against England in London in 1951, Jonquet was integral to the France national team of the 1950s, playing at the World Cup finals of 1954 and 1958.
Kubeflow
Kubeflow is an open-source platform for machine learning and MLOps on Kubernetes introduced by Google. The different stages in a typical machine learning lifecycle are represented with different software components in Kubeflow, including model development (Kubeflow Notebooks), model training (Kubeflow Pipelines, Kubeflow Training Operator), model serving (KServe), and automated machine learning (Katib).

Each component of Kubeflow can be deployed separately, and it is not a requirement to deploy every component.

Component-based software engineering
Component-based software engineering (CBSE), also called component-based development (CBD), is a style of software engineering that aims to construct a software system from components that are loosely coupled and reusable. This emphasizes the separation of concerns among components.

To find the right level of component granularity, software architects have to continuously iterate their component designs with developers. Architects need to take into account user requirements, responsibilities, and architectural characteristics.
Northumberland Ferries Limited
Northumberland Ferries Limited (NFL) is a ferry company operating in eastern Canada and headquartered in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. NFL is also the owner of subsidiary Bay Ferries Limited (which used to include the Bay Ferries Great Lakes brand) through its holding company.

Transport Canada
Transport Canada (TC; French: Transports Canada) is the department of the Government of Canada responsible for developing regulations, policies and services for road, rail, marine and air transportation in Canada. The current minister of transport is Steven MacKinnon. Transport Canada is headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario.
Hazardous drug
In pharmacology, hazardous drugs are drugs that are known to cause harm, which may or may not include genotoxicity (the ability to cause a change or mutation in genetic material). Genotoxicity might involve carcinogenicity, the ability to cause cancer in animal models, humans or both; teratogenicity, which is the ability to cause defects on fetal development or fetal malformation; and lastly hazardous drugs are known to have the potential to cause fertility impairment, which is a major concern for most clinicians. These drugs can be classified as antineoplastics, cytotoxic agents, biological agents, antiviral agents and immunosuppressive agents. This is why safe handling of hazardous drugs is crucial.

Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity refers to the capacity of a substance or agent to cause damage or death to living cells, reflecting a critical parameter in pharmacology, toxicology, and biomedicine. It is distinct from cytostatic effects, which inhibit cell growth and proliferation without causing cell death. Cytotoxic agents can induce a range of cellular responses, including inhibition of cell growth, induction of apoptotic or necrotic cell death, and disruption of metabolic or structural cellular integrity. Assessing cytotoxicity is fundamental for evaluating the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, chemicals, and biomaterials, as it helps predict potential adverse effects and guides therapeutic development.

Various assays—based on enzyme activity, membrane permeability, metabolic activity, or cell proliferation—are routinely employed to characterize and quantify cytotoxic effects in vitro, providing essential insights into cell viability and the mechanisms underlying toxic responses.
No Way to Say
"No Way to Say" is the thirty-first single released by Ayumi Hamasaki and her eighteenth number-one single. It came out November 6, 2003. The video won the award for "Best Pop Video" at the 2004 MTV Video Music Awards Japan, and the single won the Japan Record Award at the 2003 Japan Record Awards. The song is featured on the mini-album Memorial Address.

Japan Record Awards
The Japan Record Awards (日本レコード大賞, Nihon Rekōdo Taishō) is a major music awards show, held annually in Japan that recognizes outstanding achievements in the Japan Composer's Association. Established in 1959, the Japan Record Awards are one of the oldest and most prestigious music awards in the country.

Until 2005, the show aired on New Year's Eve, but has since aired every December 30 on TBS Japan at 6:30 pm JST and is hosted by many announcers. Exile holds the record for most Grand Prix wins, with four awards.
David Hamilton (bishop)
David Hamilton, Bishop of Argyll and Abbot of Dryburgh (died 1523) was a late medieval Scottish prelate. He was an illegitimate son of James Hamilton, 1st Lord Hamilton, and brother of James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran.

He studied at the University of Glasgow and graduated in Arts in 1492 and later studied in Paris. He was given the bishopric in 1497. He was witness to royal charters and served on royal commissions and in the exchequer in early 16th century. Between 1505-1507, he acted in Kintyre on royal business, making rentals of lands. He built Saddell Castle between 1508-1512. He died in 1523.

James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran
James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran and 2nd Lord Hamilton (c. 1475 – 1529) was a Scottish nobleman, naval commander and first cousin of James IV of Scotland. He also served as the 9th Lord High Admiral of Scotland.
John Chevallier
John Chevallier, FRS (Great Casterton, 10 June 1730 - Cambridge, 14 March 1789) was an eighteenth-century academic, most notably Master of St John's College, Cambridge from 1775 until his death and Vice Chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1776 until 1777.

He was born the son of Nathaniel Chevalier, a clergyman of Great Casterton, Rutland, and educated at Stamford School and St John's College, Cambridge, where he was awarded BA in 1750/51, MA in 1754, BD in 1762 and DD in 1777.

He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1754 for, according to his candidature citation, "his known Zeal for the Newtonian Philosophy, of which he was the first promoter in Lisbon".

Stamford School
Stamford School is a co-educational independent school in Stamford, Lincolnshire in the English public school tradition. Founded in 1532, it has been a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference since 1920. With the former Stamford High School and the coeducational Stamford Junior School, it is part of the Stamford Endowed Schools (SES). From September 2023, Stamford became co-educational.
Ashton Chase
Ashton Chase (18 July 1926 – 10 July 2023) was a Guyanese politician, activist, and lawyer. He was a founding member of the Political Affairs Committee of British Guiana in 1946, the precursor to the modern day People's Progressive Party, alongside Cheddi Jagan, Janet Jagan, and Jocelyn Hubbard. In 1953, Chase served as the Minister of Labour, Industry, and Commerce of British Guiana. At the time of his death in 2023, he was the last surviving founder of the PAC.

People's Progressive Party/Civic
The People's Progressive Party/Civic (PPP/C) is a major political party in Guyana. As of 2025, the party holds 36 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly and rules the government since 2020. It has been the ruling party in the past as well, most recently between 1992 and 2015. In Guyana's ethnically divided political landscape, the PPP/C is a multi-ethnic organization with its base of support from the Indo-Guyanese people.
1,2-Dibromobenzene
1,2-Dibromobenzene (o-dibromobenzene) is an aryl bromide and isomer of dibromobenzene.  It is one of three isomers, the others being 1,3- and 1,4-dibromobenzene.  It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellowish.  The compound is a precursor to many 1,2-disubstituted derivatives of benzene. For example, it is a precursor to 1,2-dicyanobenzene and dithioethers.

Phthalonitrile
Phthalonitrile is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(CN)2, which is an off-white crystal solid at room temperature.  It is a derivative of benzene, containing two adjacent nitrile groups.  The compound has low solubility in water but is soluble in common organic solvents. The compound is used as a precursor to phthalocyanine and other pigments, fluorescent brighteners, and photographic sensitizers.
Sergius of Radonezh
Sergius of Radonezh (Russian: Сергий Радонежский, romanized: Sergiy Radonezhsky; 14 May 1314 – 25 September 1392) was a Russian spiritual leader and monastic reformer.

He was the founder of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius near Moscow, what is now the most venerated monastic house in Russia. He exerted the greatest influence of any personage on the Russian Orthodox Church. Together with Seraphim of Sarov, he is one of the most highly venerated saints in Russia.

Historian Serge Aleksandrovich Zenkovsky wrote that Sergius, along with Epiphanius the Wise, Stephen of Perm, and the painter Andrei Rublev, signified "the Russian spiritual and cultural revival of the late fourteenth and early fifteenth century".

Sergiyev Posad
Sergiyev Posad (Russian: Сергиев Посад, IPA: [ˈsʲɛrgʲɪ(j)ɪf pɐˈsat] ⓘ) is a city that is the administrative center of Sergiyevo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Population:  111,179 (2010 census); 113,581 (2002 census); 114,696 (1989 Soviet census).

The city contains the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, where Moscow Theological Academy is also located.

The city was previously known by its current name until 1919, later it was renamed as Sergiyev (until 1930) and Zagorsk (until 1991).