hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Findlay (MP)
James Findlay (May 16, 1833 – July 23, 1923) was an Ontario newspaper owner and political figure. He represented Renfrew North in the House of Commons of Canada as a Liberal member from 1873 to 1874.

He was born in Châteauguay in Lower Canada in 1833, the son of Robert Findlay, a Scottish immigrant. He was owner and editor of the Pembroke Observer. Findlay was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the House of Commons in an 1869 by-election. He was defeated when he ran for reelection in 1878 and 1887. Findlay died in Pembroke at the age of 90.

Pembroke, Ontario
Pembroke (/ˈpɛmbrʊk/ PEM-brook) is a city in eastern Ontario, Canada, located at the confluence of the Muskrat River and the Ottawa River in the Ottawa Valley. It lies approximately 145 kilometres (90 mi) northwest of Ottawa. It serves as the county seat of Renfrew County and functions as a regional administrative, judicial, healthcare, and commercial centre for surrounding communities, independent of the county government.

Historically, Pembroke developed as an important centre of the Ottawa Valley lumber trade, a role that shaped its early growth and institutional development. As of the 2021 Census, the city had a population of 14,364.
Harold Box
Harold Box (born c. 1952) is an English-born former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played at representative level for Wales, Other Nationalities and Yorkshire, and at club level for Featherstone Rovers and Wakefield Trinity (captain), as a right-footed toe-end style (rather than round the corner style) goal-kicking fullback.

Glossary of rugby union terms
Rugby union is a team sport played between two teams of fifteen (15) players.

This is a general glossary of the terminology used in the sport of rugby union. Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics.
N405 (Bangladesh)
Dhaka-North Bengal Highway or simply Elenga-Nalka-Hatikamrul Road is a national highway which connects Elenga, a town in Tangail district to Hatikumrul Interchange. The 40.782-kilometre (25.341 mi) highway was also known as the Jamuna Bridge approach Road. This highway plays an important role for regional and national connectivity in the western region.

Hatikumrul Interchange
Hatikumrul Interchange (Bengali: হাতিকুমরুল ইন্টারচেঞ্জ), also known as Hatikumrul Roundabout (Bengali: হাতিকুমরুল গোলচত্বর), is a major under-construction road interchange in Hatikumrul Union, Sirajganj District, Bangladesh which consists of a cloverstack interchange.
EKool
eKool is a school management system used in Estonia covering 90% of the nation's school network connecting all the pupils, parents and teachers involved. It is estimated that this application is used by 28-30% of Estonians in total. The name eKool means eSchool in Estonian.

The system is usable for teachers, pupils and parents to exchange information about time tables, grades, homework assignments and other similar features. eKool was created in 2002 by Look@World foundation in cooperation with companies from the private sector. It was originally designed to meet the requirements of four test schools: Rocca Al Mare School, Jüri Gymnasium, Kuressaare Gymnasium and Tallinn Arte Gymnasium. Since then it has grown to cover 90% of Estonian school network.

Student information system
A student information  system (SIS), student management system, school administration software or student administration system is a management information system for education sector establishments used to manage student data. It supports communication between students, parents, teachers and the administration. Student information systems provide capabilities for registering students in courses; documenting grading, transcripts of academic achievement and co-curricular activities, and the results of student assessment scores; forming student schedules; tracking student attendance; generating reports and managing other student-related data needs in an educational institution.

Information security is a concern, as universities house an array of sensitive personal information, making them potentially attractive targets for security breaches, such as those experienced by retail corporations or healthcare providers.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 116
United Nations Security Council Resolution 116, adopted on June 26, 1956, after examining the application of Tunisia for membership in the United Nations the Council recommended to the General Assembly that the Tunisia be admitted.

The resolution was approved by all 11 members of the Council.

Kingdom of Tunisia
The Kingdom of Tunisia (French: Royaume de Tunisie; Arabic: المملكة التونسية el-Mamlka et-Tūnsīya) was a short-lived country established as a monarchy on 20 March 1956 after Tunisian independence and the end of the French protectorate period. It lasted for a period of one year and five months between 20 March 1956, the day of the independence, until 25 July 1957, the day of the declaration of the republic. Its sole monarch was Muhammad VIII al-Amin (also known as Lamine Bey) who appointed the prime ministers Tahar Ben Ammar and Habib Bourguiba.

On 25 July 1957, the monarchy was abolished with Tunisia reorganizing as a republic. The National Constituent Assembly, the country's legislature, appointed Bourguiba as head of state until the 1959 general elections, which Bourguiba won.
Duluth Complex
The Duluth Complex, the related Beaver Bay Complex, and the associated North Shore Volcanic Group are rock formations which comprise much of the basement bedrock of the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota in central North America. The Duluth and Beaver Bay complexes are intrusive rocks formed about 1.1 billion years ago during the Midcontinent Rift; these adjoin and are interspersed with the extrusive rocks of the North Shore Volcanic Group produced during that same geologic event. These formations are part of the Superior Upland physiographic region of the United States, which is associated with the Laurentian Upland of the Canadian Shield, the core of the North American Craton.

Bedrock
In geology, bedrock is the solid rock that lies under weathered rock and unconsolidated or loose superficial deposits (together known as regolith) in the near surface part of Earth's crust or the crust of another terrestrial planet. The top of the bedrock is known as rockhead.
Cookstown Olympic F.C.
Cookstown Olympic F. C. is an intermediate-level football club that formerly played in the Premier Division of the Ballymena & Provincial League in Northern Ireland. The club hails from Cookstown, County Tyrone. Sponsored by Christopher Eastwood's Dunleath Bar the club is focused around Saturday night pints.

Northern Ireland football league system
The Northern Ireland football league system is categorised into three levels: senior, intermediate and junior. Clubs attain intermediate status by fulfilling certain criteria (e.g. owning or leasing its own enclosed ground). Senior status requires clubs to reach stricter criteria. National leagues exist at senior and intermediate level. All junior leagues and some intermediate are organised on a regional basis.

Regionally, there are four regional football associations: the North East Ulster Football Association (also known as the County Antrim & District Football Association), the Mid-Ulster Football Association, the North West of Ireland Football Association and the Fermanagh & Western Football Association.
Ukrainian Orthodox Eparchy of Central Canada
The Ukrainian Orthodox Eparchy of Central Canada is an eparchy of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of Canada, under the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. The Central Eparchy is currently led by Metropolitan Ilarion (Rudnyk).

The Central Eparchy consists of the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba, and has about 60 churches (most of them country churches), and two cathedral churches (Holy Trinity Ukrainian Orthodox Metropolitan Cathedral in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and Holy Trinity Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral, in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.)

Eparchy
Eparchy (Greek: ἐπαρχία eparchía "overlordship") is an ecclesiastical unit in Eastern Christianity that is equivalent to a diocese in Western Christianity. An eparchy is governed by an eparch, who is a bishop. Depending on the administrative structure of a specific Eastern Church, an eparchy can belong to an ecclesiastical province (usually a metropolis), but it can also be exempt. Each eparchy is divided into parishes, in the same manner as a diocese in Western Churches. Historical development of eparchies in various Eastern Churches was marked by local distinctions that can be observed in modern ecclesiastical practices of the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches and Eastern Catholic Churches.
PlayFirst
PlayFirst, Inc. is a Delaware  based American publisher of casual games founded in 2004 by industry veterans. PlayFirst produced the Diner Dash series, which won the 2008 Annual Casual Game Awards. and has seen over 550 million downloads. The popularity of Diner Dash series prompted spin-off series like Wedding Dash and Cooking Dash. The company’s game portfolio also includes the retro-style strategy-based Chocolatier series, and the adventure/hidden object-mixing Dream Chronicles series.

From 2005 to mid-2011, PlayFirst have released 72 casual games for PC and Mac, counting extra 7 Collector's Editions and Strategy Guides, thus they have 79 games in total in their game categories. PlayFirst was acquired by Glu Mobile in September 2014, while Glu Mobile itself was acquired by Electronic Arts in April 2021.

Casual game
A casual game is a video game targeted at a mass market audience, as opposed to a hardcore game, which is targeted at hobbyist gamers. Casual games may exhibit any type of gameplay and genre. They generally involve simpler rules, shorter sessions, and require less learned skill. They do not expect familiarity with a standard set of mechanics, controls, and tropes.

Countless casual games have been developed and published, alongside hardcore games, across the history of video games.  A concerted effort to capitalize on casual games grew in the 1990s and 2000s, as many developers and publishers branded themselves as casual game companies, publishing games especially for PCs, web browsers, and smartphones.
John Arnull
John Arnull (1753-1815) was an English flat racing jockey. He was the first man to ride five Epsom Derby winners and a member of the dominant race riding family in England in the late 18th and early 19th Centuries.

Election (horse)
Election (1804 – June 1821) was a Thoroughbred racehorse that won the 1807 Epsom Derby. His breeder, Lord Egremont, won the Derby for the fourth time with Election. Election raced until he was seven years old and was bought by the Prince Regent after his racing career. He was a successful sire for the Prince's Hampton Court Stud, producing the 1821 Derby winner Gustavus, the 1817 2,000 Guineas Stakes winner Manfred and 1825 1,000 Guineas Stakes winner Tontine.
Lafayette University
Lafayette University may mean:

Lafayette College, a private liberal arts college in Easton, Pennsylvania, USA

University of Louisiana at Lafayette

Lafayette University, also known as Notre Dame de Lafayette University, a degree mill identified in Operation Dipscam

Lafayette College
Lafayette College is a private liberal arts college in Easton, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1826 by James Madison Porter and other citizens in Easton, the college first held classes in 1832. The founders voted to name the college after the Marquis de Lafayette, a hero of the American Revolution.

Located on College Hill in Easton, the campus overlooks the Delaware River and is situated in the Lehigh Valley, about 70 mi (110 km) west of New York City and 60 mi (97 km) north of Philadelphia. Lafayette enrolls approximately 2,700 undergraduate students and offers programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. The college emphasizes small class sizes and undergraduate research, and it competes in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Patriot League. As of 2024, its endowment was valued at over $1 billion.
Photos (Apple)
Photos is a photo management and editing application developed by Apple. It was released as a bundled app in iPhone OS 1, and released as a bundled app to OS X Yosemite users in the 10.10.3 update on April 8, 2015, replacing iPhoto and Aperture. It was released for tvOS 10 on September 13, 2016. With the introduction of the Apple Vision Pro at WWDC 2023 on June 5, 2023, the Photos app came to visionOS.

IPhone OS 1
iPhone OS 1 is the first major release of iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple. It was released on June 29, 2007, along with the first-generation iPhone. It was succeeded by iPhone OS 2 on July 11, 2008.
A Farewell to Arms (1957 film)
A Farewell to Arms is a 1957 American epic war drama film directed by Charles Vidor. The last film produced by David O. Selznick, it stars Rock Hudson, Jennifer Jones, Vittorio De Sica, and Elaine Stritch. The screenplay by Ben Hecht, based in part on a 1930 play by Laurence Stallings, was the second feature film adaptation of Ernest Hemingway's 1929 semiautobiographical novel of the same name, after the 1932 pre-Code version starring Gary Cooper and Helen Hayes.

Epic film
Epic films have large scale, sweeping scope, and spectacle. The term is slightly ambiguous, sometimes designating a film genre and at other times simply big-budget films. Like epics in the classical literary sense, it is often focused on a heroic character. An epic's ambitious nature helps to set it apart from other genres such as the period piece or adventure film.

Epic historical films would usually take a historical or a mythical event and add an extravagant setting, lavish costumes, an expansive musical score, and an ensemble cast, which would make them extremely expensive to produce. The most common subjects of epic films are royalty and important figures from various periods in world history.
Blow Your Whistle: Original Old School Breaks & Classic Funk Bombs
Blow Your Whistle: Original Old School Breaks & Classic Funk Bombs is a greatest hits album by American go-go and soul band The Soul Searchers. The album was released on February 19, 2007 and consists of a compilation of twelve digitally remastered songs from the group's two previously released albums (We the People and Salt of the Earth).

Go-go
Go-go is a subgenre of funk music with an emphasis on specific rhythmic patterns, and live audience call and response.

Go-go was originated by African-American musicians in Washington, D.C., during the mid-1960s to late-1970s. Go-go has limited popularity in other areas, but maintains a devoted audience in the Washington metropolitan area as a uniquely regional music style and was named the official music of Washington, D.C., in February 2020.

Performers associated with the development of the style include Rare Essence, E.U., Trouble Funk, and singer-guitarist Chuck Brown. 
Modern artists like Charles "Shorty Corleone" Garris continue the go-go tradition in D.C.
Finley Football Club
The Finley Football Club, nicknamed the Cats, is an Australian rules football and netball club based in the town of Finley located in the Riverina district of New South Wales.

The club's football and netball teams currently play in the playing in the Murray FNL, which Finley joined in 1933.

Jack Hawkins (footballer)
Jack Hawkins (born 21 May 1954) is a former Australian rules footballer who played 182 games for Geelong from 1973 to 1981. He is the father of former Geelong forward Tom Hawkins.

Hawkins made his Victorian Football League (VFL) debut against Collingwood in Round 3 1973 and immediately became a leading player for Geelong.

Hawkins had his most successful season in 1976, playing 24 games and polling 22 Brownlow Medal votes, finishing twelfth behind winner Graham Moss.

Hawkins was known as 'Jumping Jack' for his incredible vertical leap when jumping for a mark. He also won the State High Jump competition.

Hawkins' brothers Michael and Robb Hawkins also both played for Geelong, but each for just a single season.  Jack's wife, Jennie, is the daughter of another former Geelong player, Fred Le Deux.
2021–22 West of Scotland Football League
The 2021–22 West of Scotland Football League (known as the PDM Buildbase West of Scotland League for sponsorship reasons) was the 2nd season of the West of Scotland Football League, with its top division as part of the sixth tier of the Scottish football pyramid system. The season began on 17 July 2021.

Blantyre, South Lanarkshire
Blantyre (listenⓘ or listenⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Blantaidhr) is a town and civil parish in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, with a population of 16,900. It is bounded by the River Clyde to the north, the Rotten Calder to the west, the Park Burn to the east (denoting the boundary with the larger adjoining town of Hamilton) and the Rotten Burn to the south.

Blantyre was the birthplace of David Livingstone, the 19th-century explorer and missionary, and because of Livingstone's work, the second-largest city in Malawi is named after it.
Gideon Yego
Gideon Yego (born 28 August 1965) is a retired Kenyan athlete who specialized in the 400 metres hurdles.

He won silver medals at the 1987 All-Africa Games (in 110 metres hurdles), the 1990 Commonwealth Games, the 1990 African Championships and the 1991 All-Africa Games, the latter in a career best time of 49.09 seconds.

He also competed at the 1988 and 1992 Olympic Games as well as the 1991 World Championships without reaching the final.

Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 400 metres hurdles
The men's 400 metres hurdles at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea had an entry list of 38 competitors, with five qualifying heats (38 runners) and two semifinals (16) before the final (8) took place on Sunday September 25, 1988. One athlete did not start, so there were 37 competitors from 28 nations. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Andre Phillips of the United States, the nation's second consecutive and 14th overall victory in the event. Amadou Dia Ba earned Senegal's first medal in the event with his silver. Dia Ba broke up a potential American sweep, as 1976 and 1984 champion Edwin Moses took bronze and Kevin Young placed fourth. Moses was the second man to earn three medals in the event (after Morgan Taylor from 1924 to 1932).
Influence and reception of Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche's influence and reception varied widely and may be roughly divided into various chronological periods. Reactions were anything but uniform, and proponents of various ideologies attempted to appropriate his work quite early.

Walter Kaufmann (philosopher)
Walter Arnold Kaufmann (German: [ˈkaʊfman]; July 1, 1921 – September 4, 1980) was a German-American philosopher, translator, and poet.  A prolific author, he wrote extensively on a broad range of subjects, such as authenticity and death, moral philosophy and existentialism, theism and atheism, Christianity and Judaism, as well as philosophy and literature. He served more than 30 years as a professor at Princeton University.

He is renowned as a scholar and translator of Friedrich Nietzsche. He also wrote a 1965 book on Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and published a translation of Goethe's Faust, and Martin Buber's I and Thou.
Emanuel Synagogue (Sydney)
Emanuel Synagogue, founded as The Congregation of the Temple Emanuel in 1938, is a Pluralist synagogue in Woollahra, New South Wales, Australia. Emanuel Woollahra Preschool (founded as Temple Emanuel Kindy in 1956) is located on the synagogue campus. Emanuel Synagogue is the largest congregation in Australia with more than 3,500 members offering programs and services across the Progressive, Masorti and Renewal streams of Judaism.

Australia's well-known General, Paul Cullen, was instrumental in the temple's founding, including helping to select its first rabbi.

In May 2018, the synagogue was the first Australian Jewish synagogue to host a gay wedding.

Jewish views on religious pluralism
Religious pluralism is a set of religious world views that hold that one's religion is not the sole and exclusive source of truth, and thus recognizes that some level of truth and value exists in other religions. As such, religious pluralism goes beyond religious tolerance, which is the condition of peaceful existence between adherents of different religions or religious denominations.

Within the Jewish community there lies a common history, a shared language of prayer, a shared Bible and a shared set of rabbinic literature, thus allowing for Jews of significantly different world views to share some common values and goals.
Robin Pemberton
Robert (Robin) Pemberton (born August 15, 1956)  is an American motor racing official and former vice president for competition of NASCAR.

Previously, Pemberton was a crew chief for several NASCAR teams over the course of 17 years, heading teams for Rusty Wallace, Mark Martin and Kyle Petty. Pemberton was field manager for Ford Racing immediately prior to being named VP of Competition.

2007 Daytona 500
The 2007 Daytona 500, the 49th running of the event, was the first race of the 2007 NASCAR Nextel Cup Series season, taking place on February 18, 2007, at Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida. Kevin Harvick won the race by 0.02 second over Mark Martin in the closest finish since the first race at Daytona International Speedway when it took three days to declare Lee Petty the winner in 1959. The race was decided by a green-white-checker finish for the third year in a row, with two extra laps added for a total of 202 laps and 505 miles (813 km).

This was Mark Martin's first 500 race not driving for Jack Roush since 1986.
Goldbusch
The Goldbusch is a great dolmen (German: Großdolmen), a type prehistoric grave site, that lies between Altensien and Moritzdorf on the German Baltic Sea island of Rügen. The megalithic tomb with Sprockhoff No. 508 was built between 3500 and 2800 BC in the New Stone Age as a megalithic site of the Funnelbeaker culture (TBK).

According to Ingrid Schmidt, "Neolithic monuments are an expression of the culture and ideology of New Stone Age communities. Their creation and function are features of social development".

Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of types of artifacts, buildings and monuments from a specific period and region that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society. The connection between these types is an empirical observation. Their interpretation in terms of ethnic or political groups is based on archaeologists' understanding. However, this is often subject to long-unresolved debates. The concept of the archaeological culture is fundamental to culture-historical archaeology.