hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Big things (Australia)
The big things of Australia are large structures, some of which are novelty architecture and some sculptures. In Australia, big things have come to be seen as a uniquely Australian phenomenon, although they emerged at the same time as the so-called Roadside Giants (fibreglass sculptures of things) of the United States. These structures have become affectionately known landmarks scattered throughout the country. In 2022, there were 1,075 big things in Australia. There are big things in each state and some territories in continental Australia.

Down Under (book)
Down Under is the British title of a 2000 travelogue book about Australia written by best-selling travel writer Bill Bryson. In the United States and Canada it was published titled In a Sunburned Country, a title taken from the famous Australian poem, "My Country". It was also published as part of Walk About, which included Down Under and another of Bryson's books, A Walk in the Woods: Rediscovering America on the Appalachian Trail, in one volume.
Pico de Antónia
Pico de Antónia is a mountain located in the central part of the island of Santiago in Cape Verde. At 1,394 m (4,573 ft), it is the highest point of the island. The mountain is part of the protected area Parque Natural da Serra do Pico de Antónia. The towns Picos and Assomada lie close to the mountain. The Serra do Pico da Antónia has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area.

The mountain is at the tripoint of the municipalities of  São Salvador do Mundo, São Lourenço dos Órgãos and Ribeira Grande de Santiago. North of the summit is the source of the Ribeira de Pico da Antónia, a source river of the Ribeira Seca.

The Pico da Antónia formation is of volcanic origin, and was formed between 3.3 and 2.3 million years ago during the Piacenzian and the Gelasian periods.

Gelasian
The Gelasian is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest or lowest subdivision of the Quaternary Period/System and Pleistocene Epoch/Series. It spans from 2.58–1.80 million years ago, following the Piacenzian Age (from the Pliocene Epoch) and preceding the Calabrian Age.
Tavakkoli (surname)
Tavakkoli or Tavakoli (Persian: توکلی) is a Persian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ahmad Tavakkoli (1951–2025), Iranian politician, journalist and anti-corruption activist

Bahram Tavakkoli (water polo) (born 1953), Iranian water polo player

Bahram Tavakoli (film director) (born 1976), Iranian film director and screenwriter

Farhad Tavakoli (born 1989), Iranian futsal player

Jahangir Tavakkoli

Hangi Tavakoli (born 1990), Iranian musician and record producer

Hossein Tavakkoli (born 1978), Iranian weightlifter

Majid Tavakoli (born 1986), Iranian student leader, human rights activist and political prisoner

Mercedes Tavakoli

Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi (born 1957), Iranian-born Canadian scholar, editor, author, professor

Ahmad Tavakkoli
Ahmad Tavakkoli (Persian: احمد توکلی; 5 March 1951 – 23 July 2025) was an Iranian conservative and principlist politician and journalist. He was a member of the Expediency Discernment Council. Also he was the managing-director of Alef news website and founder of the corruption watchdog, non-governmental organization Justice and Transparency Watch.

Tavakkoli was a representative of Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr electoral district in the parliament and the director of the Majlis Research Center.
Stiction
Stiction (a portmanteau of the words static and friction) is the force that needs to be overcome to enable relative motion of stationary objects in contact.
Any solid objects pressing against each other (but not sliding) will require some threshold of force parallel to the surface of contact in order to overcome static adhesion.  Stiction is a threshold, not a continuous force. However, stiction might also be an illusion made by the rotation of kinetic friction.

In situations where two surfaces with areas below the micrometer scale come into close proximity (as in an accelerometer), they may adhere together. At this scale, electrostatic and/or Van der Waals and hydrogen bonding forces become significant. The phenomenon of two such surfaces being adhered together in this manner is also called stiction. Stiction may be related to hydrogen bonding or residual contamination.

Electrostatics
Electrostatics is a branch of physics that studies slow-moving or stationary electric charges on macroscopic objects where quantum effects can be neglected. Under these circumstances, the electric field, electric potential, and the charge density are related without complications from magnetic effects.

Since classical antiquity, it has been known that some materials, such as amber, attract lightweight particles after rubbing. The Greek word ḗlektron (ἤλεκτρον), meaning 'amber', was thus the root of the word electricity. Electrostatic phenomena arise from the forces that electric charges exert on each other. Such forces are described by Coulomb's law.

There are many examples of electrostatic phenomena, from those as simple as the attraction of plastic wrap to one's hand after it is removed from a package, to the apparently spontaneous explosion of grain silos, the damage of electronic components during manufacturing, and photocopier and laser printer operation.
Cervera de la Cañada
Cervera de la Cañada is a municipality located in the province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2011 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 319 inhabitants.

The church of Santa Tecla in Cervera is in the list of World Heritage Sites of (UNESCO) since 2001.

Province of Zaragoza
Zaragoza (Spanish pronunciation: [θaɾaˈɣoθa]), also called Saragossa in English, is a province of northern Spain, in the central part of the autonomous community of Aragon. Its capital is the city of Zaragoza, which is also the capital of the autonomous community. Other towns in the province include La Almunia de Doña Godina, Borja, Calatayud, Caspe, Ejea de los Caballeros, Tarazona, and Utebo.

Its area is 17,274 km², which makes it the fourth-largest Spanish province by land area. Its population was 954,811 in 2018, accounting for slightly over 72% of the entire population of Aragon; nearly 75% of those lived in the capital. Its population density was 51/km². It contains 292 municipalities, of which more than half are villages with fewer than 300 people.

The main language throughout the province is Spanish (with official status), although Catalan is spoken in the easternmost part (Bajo Aragón-Caspe comarca and Mequinenza municipality).
Shambles (film)
Shambles (French: Maudite poutine) is a Canadian drama film from Quebec. Directed by Karl Lemieux, the film premiered at the 2016 Venice Film Festival before going into theatrical release in Canada in 2017.

The film stars Jean-Simon Leduc as Vincent, a punk rock musician, who while on the run from the mob after stealing $10,000 worth of marijuana, reconnects with his estranged brother (Martin Dubreuil) whose life is also in a downward spiral. The film's original title is a standard Quebec French idiom which literally translates as "damned mess" or "shambles", and is not a reference to poutine in the culinary sense.

The film garnered four Prix Iris nominations at the 19th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2017.

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
Alex Tait (cricketer)
Alex Ross Tait (born 13 June 1972) is a New Zealand cricketer. He played in five One Day Internationals for New Zealand in the late 1990s.

In 1996–97 Tait took 9/48 in the first innings and 16/130 in the match for the Northern Districts against Auckland at Seddon Park, Hamilton. His first innings haul was a record for Northern Districts and his match figures were the best in New Zealand first-class cricket.

Tait has also played for the Northland in the Hawke Cup competition.

Auckland cricket team
The Auckland cricket team represent the Auckland region and are one of six New Zealand domestic first class cricket teams. Governed by the Auckland Cricket Association they are the most successful team having won 28 Plunket Shield titles, ten wins in The Ford Trophy and the Super Smash four times. The team currently play their home games at Eden Park Outer Oval.

The limited overs team, known as the Auckland Aces, have a predominantly light blue kit with a navy and white trim. Their One Day Championship shirt sponsors are Ford whilst their major T20 sponsor is Mondiale.

They won the Men's Super Smash competition in the 2015–16 season, their 4th domestic Twenty20 title overall, making them become the most successful team in New Zealand.
Louis, Count of Vermandois
Louis de Bourbon, Légitimé de France, Count of Vermandois, born Louis de La Blaume Le Blanc, also known as Louis de/of Vermandois (2 October 1667 – 18 November 1683) was a French nobleman, illegitimate but legitimised son of Louis XIV, King of France by his mistress, Louise de La Vallière. He died exiled and disgraced at the age of 16, unmarried and without issue.

Legitimacy (family law)
Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

Conversely, illegitimacy, also known as bastardy, has been the status of a child born outside marriage, such a child being known as a bastard, a love child, a natural child, or illegitimate. In Scots law, the terms natural son and natural daughter carry the same implications.

The importance of legitimacy has decreased substantially in Western countries since the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s and the declining influence of Christian churches in family and social life.

A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicated that in 2007 a substantial proportion of births in Western countries occurred outside marriage.
Moscow, Maryland
Moscow is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Allegany County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 240.

Moscow is located in the Georges Creek Valley of western Allegany County, 11 miles (18 km) southwest of Frostburg and 6 miles (10 km) northeast of Westernport.

Georges Creek Valley
Georges Creek Valley is located in Allegany County, Maryland along the Georges Creek.  The valley is rich in wide veins of coal, known historically as "The Big Vein."  Coal was once extracted by deep mines but is only mined today through surface mining.  The Georges Creek Valley was once a major center for the US coal industry.
2019 Dwars door Vlaanderen for Women
The eighth running of Dwars door Vlaanderen's women's race was held on Wednesday 3 April 2019. The race started in Tielt and finished in Waregem, covering a distance of 118 km.

The race was won by Dutch rider Ellen van Dijk of Trek–Segafredo for the second year running.

Tielt
Tielt (Dutch pronunciation: [tilt]; French: Thielt) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the town of Tielt proper and the villages of Aarsele, Kanegem, and Schuiferskapelle.
Fernando Gómez Esparza
Fernando Gómez Esparza (born 21 August 1953) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party. He served as Senator of the LVIII and LIX Legislatures of the Mexican Congress representing Aguascalientes and as Deputy of the 47 Legislature.

He earned his bachelor's degree in economics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico, which he later taught at in addition to the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes.

LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LIX Legislature (59th session) of the Congress of Mexico met from September 2003 to August 2006. All members of the lower house (Chamber of Deputies) were elected in the elections of July 2003 while members of the upper house (Senate) were elected in the elections of July 2000.
1993–94 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup
The 1993/94 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup was the 11th World Cup season, a combination of ski jumping and cross-country skiing organized by FIS. It started on 4 Dec 1993 in Saalfelden, Austria and ended on 19 March 1994 in Thunder Bay, Canada.

Saalfelden
Saalfelden am Steinernen Meer is a town in the district of Zell am See in the Austrian state of Salzburg. With approximately 16,000 inhabitants, Saalfelden is the district's largest town and the third of the federal state after Salzburg and Hallein.
Internationalized Resource Identifier
The Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is an internet protocol standard which builds on the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) protocol by greatly expanding the set of permitted characters. It was defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) in 2005 in RFC 3987. While URIs are limited to a subset of the US-ASCII character set (characters outside that set must be mapped to octets according to some unspecified character encoding, then percent-encoded), IRIs may additionally contain most characters from the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646), including  Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Cyrillic characters.

Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet responsible for the technical standards of the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers. Their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors.

The IETF was initially supported by the federal government of the United States but since 1993 has operated under the auspices of the Internet Society, an American non-profit organization with local chapters around the world.
Birdwell, South Yorkshire
Birdwell is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England and is located approximately 3.5 miles (6 km) south of Barnsley, 10.5 miles (17 km) north-east of Sheffield. Birdwell currently falls within the Rockingham Ward of the Barnsley Metropolitan Council, although plans to add most of Birdwell to the Worsbrough Ward were proposed again in 2024.

Neighbouring areas of Birdwell include Worsbrough Village, Tankersley and Hoyland Common.

The A61 (Sheffield Road) passes north–south through the length of Birdwell, and at the southern end is Birdwell Roundabout which is the junction between the M1 motorway at Junction 36 and the A61. The roundabout also marks the start of the Dearne Valley Parkway, a relatively new dual carriageway which links the M1 at Junction 36 to the A1 at Marr (near Doncaster).

A61 road
The A61 is a major trunk road in England connecting Derby and Thirsk in North Yorkshire by way of Alfreton, Clay Cross, Chesterfield, Sheffield, Barnsley, Wakefield, Leeds, Harrogate and Ripon. The road is closely paralleled by the M1 motorway between Derby and Leeds.
Żydówek
Żydówek [ʐɨˈduvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kije, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Kije, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Pińczów, and 32 km (20 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Pińczów County
Pińczów County is a unit of administration with the degree of the Sejm on territorial and territorial self-government in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It was established on January 1, 1992 as a result of Polish local government reforms adopted in 1912. The administrative seat and the largest city is Pińczów located 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce. Another town in the county is Działoszyce located 10 kilometres (6 miles) south of Pińczów.

The county covers an area of 611.03 square kilometres (235.9 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 39,100, out of which the population of Pińczów is 10,774, that of Działoszyce is 907, and the rural population is 27,419.
Orc (album)
Orc is the nineteenth studio album by American garage rock band Oh Sees, released on August 25, 2017, on Castle Face Records. It is the band's first studio album to be released under the name Oh Sees, after  it was announced that they would be dropping Thee from their name.

Co-produced by John Dwyer, Eric Bauer, Ty Segall and Enrique Tena, it is the band's first album to feature drummer Paul Quattrone, and is the first album in nine years to not feature recording engineer and regular collaborator Chris Woodhouse.

Castle Face Records
Deathgod Records (formerly Castle Face Records, also stylized as Castleface) is an American independent record label, founded in 2006 by John Dwyer, Matt Jones and Brian Lee Hughes.

The label was initially formed to release Sucks Blood, the sixth studio album by Dwyer's band, Thee Oh Sees.

On January 1, 2025, Castle Face (under new username @deathgodrecords) announced on Instagram: "With the new year comes a new label. Deathgod starts today." The post stated that "Osees/JPD related projects old and new material will be flying under this banner."
A United Kingdom
A United Kingdom is a 2016 biographical romantic drama film directed by Amma Asante and written by Guy Hibbert, based on the true-life romance of Seretse Khama, heir to the throne of the Bangwato Tribe in Serowe – one of many tribes found in then Bechuanaland Protectorate – with his wife Ruth Williams Khama. David Oyelowo and Rosamund Pike portray Seretse and Ruth, respectively.

It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival, and was the opening film at the 60th London Film Festival.

Jack Davenport
Jack Arthur Davenport (born 1 March 1973) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles in the television series This Life and Coupling, and as James Norrington in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. He has also appeared in other Hollywood films, such as The Talented Mr. Ripley and Kingsman: The Secret Service. On television, Davenport is known for his roles in the ensemble drama series FlashForward, Smash, and The Morning Show as well as his leading role in the 2013 ITV drama series Breathless.
Des Moines International Airport
Des Moines International Airport (IATA: DSM, ICAO: KDSM, FAA LID: DSM) is a joint civilian-military commercial service airport 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Des Moines, the capital of Iowa.

The airport's 2,600 acre campus includes two runways, 46 buildings, 7 parking facilities, and the terminal. Six commercial airlines offer service from DSM (American, Allegiant, Delta, Frontier, Southwest and United). The airport is managed by the Des Moines Airport Authority.

The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021 called it a primary commercial service airport. In 2016 a record 2.48 million passengers used the airport, up 5 percent from 2015. In 2019, DSM served 2.92 million passengers, a record for the airport.

The airport hosts the 132nd Wing of the Iowa Air National Guard.

Delta Air Lines
Delta Air Lines, Inc. is a major airline in the United States headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, operating nine hubs, with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being its largest in terms of total passengers and number of departures. With its regional subsidiaries and contractors operating under the brand name Delta Connection, Delta has over 5,400 flights daily and serves 325 destinations in 52 countries on six continents.

Delta is a founding member of the SkyTeam airline alliance. It is the second-oldest operating commercial airline in the U.S. It ranks first in revenue and brand value among the world's largest airlines, and second by number of passengers carried and passenger miles flown.
El Capitan Dam
El Capitan Dam is an embankment dam or hydraulic fill dam on the San Diego River in San Diego County, California, United States. The dam forms the 112,800-acre-foot (139,100,000 m3) El Capitan Reservoir and serves mainly to supply water to the city of San Diego as well as providing flood control. The dam is connected to the San Diego municipal water system via the El Capitan Pipeline, which extends approximately 30 miles (48 km) to the city. It is the second largest storage facility in San Diego's water supply system, after San Vicente Dam.

Embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a water-resistant natural covering for its surface, and may feature a dense, watertight core to resist surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.
Garance
Garance is a given name that is derived from Garance des teinturiers, which is the French name of the plant Rubia tinctorum. It also refers to the deep red color, also known as rose madder, from the dye derived from the plant.

Notable people with the name include:

Garance Doré (born 1975), French photographer

Garance Genicot (born 1974), Belgian-American economist

Garance Le Guillermic (born 1997), French actress

Garance Marillier (born 1998), French actress

Garance Le Guillermic
Garance Le Guillermic (born 11 September 1997) is a French former child actress.

She starred in six movies but is best known for her role as witty 11-year-old Paloma in Mona Achache's 2009 film The Hedgehog along with Josiane Balasko.
Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Exército
The Escola Preparatória de Cadetes do Exército - EsPCEx (Brazilian Army Preparatory School of Cadets) is a coeducational one-year military school in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.  EsPCEx started construction in 1944, but due to budget constraints, did not open until the late 1960's.

EsPCEx is for students wanting to become commissioned officers in the Brazilian Armed Forces. It prepares candidates for entrance into the Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras (AMAN).

The coursework at EsPCEx compares to the first year at a regular higher education institution, but with the addition of military subjects. There is also an emphasis on physical training.

After graduating from EsPCEx, students enter AMAN or received the Reserve Certificate for the military service they  performed at EsPCEx. In 2012, EsPCEx became the first level of the five year course for Brazilian Army Battle Commissioned Officers; the other four levels of the course are performed at AMAN.

Brazilian Armed Forces
The Brazilian Armed Forces (Portuguese: Forças Armadas Brasileiras, IPA: [ˈfoʁsɐz ɐʁˈmadɐz bɾaziˈlejɾɐs]) are the unified military forces of the Federative Republic of Brazil. They consist of three service branches,  the Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy and Brazilian Air Force.

Brazil's armed forces are the second largest in the Americas, after the United States, and the largest in Latin America and the Southern Hemisphere by the level of military equipment, with 334,500 active-duty troops and officers. Brazilian soldiers were in Haiti from 2004 until 2017, leading the United Nations Stabilization Mission (MINUSTAH).