hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dukhiv
Dukhiv (Ukrainian: Духів) is a village in the Kremenets urban hromada of the Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast in Ukraine. After the liquidation of the Kremenets Raion (1940–2020) on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

Kremenets Raion
Kremenets Raion (Ukrainian: Кременецький район) is a raion (district) in Ternopil Oblast of western Ukraine. The administrative center is the city of Kremenets. Population: 140,063 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kremenets Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Lanivtsi and Shumsk Raions, as well as a part of one more abolished raion, Zbarazh Raion, and the city of Kremenets, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kremenets Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 45,884 (2020 est.).
Stabilisierter Leitstand
A Stabilisierter Leitstand (English: stabilized director post), abbreviated SL, was a fire control element in German World War II era shipborne heavy anti-aircraft defense. One to four SL's were installed on all capital ships of the Kriegsmarine. A Stabilisierte Leitstand measured distance, bearing and height of the target. Angles for bearing and height were taken through an optical sight, whilst distance was measured with a stereoscopic rangefinder. The director post was stabilized on three axes: against pitch and roll so that measurements were taken in a horizontal plane. Stabilization against yaw kept the director post trained on the target even when the ship was turning. The measured data was processed by a director analog computer (German: Rechengerät) to calculate settings for the anti-aircraft battery. The director posts were colloquially called "Wackeltöpfe" (English: waggling pots) by the ships crew.

Capital ship
The capital ships of a navy are its most important warships; they are generally the larger ships when compared to other warships in their respective fleet. A capital ship is generally a leading or a primary ship in a naval fleet.
Normanhurst Boys High School
Normanhurst Boys High School (commonly known as Normo) is an academically selective secondary day school for boys, located in Normanhurst, a suburb on the Upper North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Consistently ranked as one of the nation's top schools academically, it was ranked fifth in the state based on Higher School Certificate (HSC) results in 2025.

Established in 1958, the school caters for approximately 730 students from Year 7 to Year 12, who are accepted on an academic basis. Based on entry standards, it is one of the top ten schools in New South Wales. The school celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2018.

Higher School Certificate (New South Wales)
The Higher School Certificate (HSC) is the credential awarded to secondary school students who successfully complete senior high school level studies (Years 10, 11 and 12 or equivalent) in New South Wales and some ACT schools in Australia, as well as some international schools in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, and Papua New Guinea. It was first introduced in 1967, and is currently developed and managed by the NSW Education Standards Authority (NESA).
Lamina cribrosa sclerae
The nerve fibers forming the optic nerve exit the eye posteriorly through a hole in the sclera that is occupied by a mesh-like structure called the lamina cribrosa. It is formed by a multilayered network of collagen fibers that extend from the scleral canal wall. The nerve fibers that comprise the optic nerve run through pores formed by these collagen beams. In humans, a central retinal artery is located slightly off-center in the nasal direction.

The lamina cribrosa is thought to help support the retinal ganglion cell axons as they traverse the scleral canal. Being structurally weaker than the much thicker and denser sclera, the lamina cribrosa is more sensitive to changes in the intraocular pressure and tends to react to increased pressure through posterior displacement.  This is thought to be one of the causes of nerve damage in glaucoma, as the displacement of the lamina cribrosa causes the pores to deform and pinch the traversing nerve fibers and blood vessels.

Intraocular pressure
Intraocular pressure (IOP) is the fluid pressure inside the eye. Tonometry is the method eye care professionals use to determine this. IOP is an important aspect in the evaluation of patients at risk of glaucoma. Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Theobald Wolfe Tone FitzGerald
Theobald Wolfe Tone FitzGerald (14 June 1898 – 27 March 1962) was an Irish army officer and painter. He is recognised for his role in painting the Irish Republic flag that flew over the General Post Office during the Easter Rising 1916. The flag was kept as a trophy by the British Army until it was returned to Ireland	during	the	1966 commemorations. He was the brother in-law of Lieutenant Michael Malone, who was killed in action at the Battle of Mount Street Bridge during the 1916 Rising, Seán Mac Mahon, the former General Chief of Staff, and the politician Dan Breen.

Áras an Uachtaráin
Áras an Uachtaráin (Irish pronunciation: [ˈaːɾˠəsˠ ənˠ ˈuəxt̪ˠəɾˠaːnʲ] ⓘ; "Residence of the President"), formerly the Viceregal Lodge, is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of Ireland.

The estate is located off Chesterfield Avenue in the Phoenix Park in Dublin, with the building's design being credited to amateur architect Nathaniel Clements but more likely guided by professionals (John Wood of Bath, Sir Edward Lovett Pearce and Richard Cassels) and completed around 1751 to 1757.
2023 Queensland Cup
The 2023 Queensland Cup season was the 28th season of Queensland's top-level statewide rugby league competition run by the Queensland Rugby League. The competition, known as the Hostplus Cup due to sponsorship, features 15 teams playing a 26-week long season (including finals) from March to September. The Brisbane Tigers won the competition for the first time in their history, defeating minor premiers Burleigh Bears in the Grand Final on 17 September.

Kane Bradley
Kane Bradley (born 3 February 2000) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who last played as a second-row, centre for the Melbourne Storm in the National Rugby League (NRL).

He previously played for the North Queensland Cowboys in the National Rugby League (NRL).
Circa Reproductions Nieuport
The Circa Reproductions Nieuports are a family of Canadian 7/8 scale World War I sesquiplane aircraft replicas designed by Graham Lee of Lamont, Alberta for amateur construction from plans sold by Lee's company Circa Reproductions. Leading Edge Air Foils of Peyton, Colorado at one time also made construction kits available. Lee's Nieuports were among the earliest First World War replicas available and paved the way for later companies to produce plans and kits for a great variety of warbirds.

The aircraft's design was attributed to "the result of many years of affection for WWI type aircraft and a "too limited" flying budget."

Conventional landing gear
Conventional landing gear, also known as tailwheel-type landing gear or taildragger, is a type of aircraft undercarriage (landing gear) consisting of two wheeled main gears forward of the center of gravity and a small wheel or skid at the rear end under the tail boom.

Taildraggers are the default undercarriage arrangements of almost all early aircraft up to the first half of the 20th century and the term "conventional" persists for this historical reason, but all modern jet aircraft and most modern propeller fixed-wing aircraft use tricycle landing gears instead, which have a single front gear (nose gear) and two aft main gears.
Keskitalo
Keskitalo is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Sinikka Keskitalo (1951–2011), Finnish long-distance runner

Petri Keskitalo (born 1967), Finnish decathlete

Aili Keskitalo (born 1968), Norwegian Sami politician

Miro Keskitalo (born 1996), Finnish ice hockey defenceman

Sinikka Keskitalo
Sinikka Marja-Liisa Keskitalo (29 January 1951 – 25 October 2011) was a female long-distance runner from Finland. She competed in the women's marathon for her native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1984. Her best result was the 15th place at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. She was born in Jalasjärvi.
Calyptommatus nicterus
Calyptommatus nicterus is a species of Squamata in the family spectacled tegus. They are found in the Neotropics of Brazil. They rely on running to move around.  This is species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Brazil.

Gymnophthalmidae
Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known commonly as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called "spectacled" because of their transparent lower eyelids, which allow them to still see with closed eyes. As in most lizards, except geckos, these eyelids are movable. The Alopoglossidae have been recently moved from this family.
XC800 family
The Infineon XC800 family is an 8-bit microcontroller family, first introduced in 2005, with a dual cycle optimized 8051 "E-Warp" core. The XC800 family is divided into two categories, the A-Family for Automotive and the I-Family for Industrial and multi-market applications.

CAN bus
A controller area network (CAN) is a vehicle bus standard designed to enable efficient communication primarily between electronic control units (ECUs). Originally developed to reduce the complexity and cost of electrical wiring in automobiles through multiplexing, the CAN bus protocol has since been adopted in various other contexts, such as 3D printing. This broadcast-based, message-oriented protocol ensures data integrity and prioritization through a process called arbitration, allowing the highest priority device to continue transmitting if multiple devices attempt to send data simultaneously, while others back off. Its reliability is enhanced by differential signaling, which mitigates electrical noise. Common versions of the CAN protocol include CAN 2.0, CAN FD, and CAN XL which vary in their data rate capabilities and maximum data payload sizes.
Heidi Pelttari
Heidi Marianne Pelttari (born 2 August 1985) is a Finnish retired ice hockey defenceman and former member of the Finnish national ice hockey team. She represented Finland in the women's ice hockey tournament at both the 2006 and 2010 Winter Olympic Games.

Pelttari was a stand out defensemen for the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey program and played her club career with the Tampereen Ilves of the Naisten SM-sarja.

Finland women's national ice hockey team
The Finnish women's national ice hockey team represents Finland at the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) Women's World Championships, the Olympic Games, the Four Nations Cup, and other international-level women's ice hockey competitions. The women's national team is overseen by the Finnish Ice Hockey Association and its general manager is Tuula Puputti. Finland's national women's program is ranked third in the world by the IIHF and had 5,858 active players as of 2019.
Istana Ampang Tinggi
The Istana Ampang Tinggi (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Istano Ampang Tinggi, Jawi: ايستان ام ڤاڠ تيڠڬي) was a royal residence in Negeri Sembilan in Malaysia.

The palace was built without using any nails. It has a length of 66.5 feet and a width of 23.5 feet. It was ordered by Yamtuan Imam, the 5th Yamtuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan. The palace was built between 1865 and 1870 at Ampang Tinggi in Kuala Pilah on a ridge overlooking a wide expanse of paddy fields.

When it was completed, the ruler gave it to his daughter Puteri Cindai, when she married Tengku Muda Chik, the son of the 4th Yamtuan, Yamtuan Radin. The palace stood six miles from Seri Menanti when, in 1953 the 8th Yamtuan, Tuanku Abdul Rahman gave permission for the palace to be dismantled and transported to its current location about three miles from Seremban. Today, it serves as a small museum containing weapons and other historical artefacts from Negeri Sembilan.

Seremban
Seremban (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Somban) is a city in the Seremban District and the capital of the state of Negeri Sembilan in Peninsular Malaysia. The city's administration is run by the Seremban City Council.

Seremban gained its city status on 20 January 2020. Covering an area of 959 km², Seremban's population is 681,541 as of 2020, making it the tenth largest city in Malaysia and the fifth most populous state capital behind Johor Bahru, Shah Alam, George Town and Ipoh. It is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area, situated approximately 55 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur and 37 kilometres south of the federal administrative capital of Putrajaya. Since 2015, Seremban has been the major anchor city of the Malaysia Vision Valley, Negeri Sembilan's main special economic zone spanning the state's western half.
Wine Cellars
Wine Cellars (Spanish: La bodega) is a 1930 French-Spanish film directed by Benito Perojo and starring Colette Darfeuil, Valentín Parera and Enrique Rivero. It was originally made as a silent film, with sound added later. Based on the film's reputation, Perojo was invited to Hollywood to make Spanish-language films for the major studios. It was shot at the Joinville Studios in Paris and on location in Cádiz and Seville. The film's sets were designed by the art director Lucien Carré.

Joinville Studios
The Joinville Studios were a film studio in Paris which operated between 1910 and 1987. They were one of the leading French studios, with major companies such as Pathé and Gaumont making films there.

A second studio was added to the original in 1923. This was located less than a kilometre away, and together the two served as a major filmmaking hub. After the Second World War the studio was merged into the Franstudio network in 1947 along with other major Paris studios including the Saint-Maurice Studios and Francoeur Studios.

In the early 1930s, the American company Paramount Pictures took over the studios and made French-language versions of their hit films. In total, films were made in fourteen different languages as Joinville became a hub of such multi-language versions. While many were remakes of English-language hits, some were original stories. This practice declined as dubbing became more commonplace.
Chalderaz-e Esfandiyar
Chalderaz-e Esfandiyar (Persian: چال درازاسفنديار, also Romanized as Chālderāz-e Esfandīyār) is a village in Barez Rural District, Manj District, Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 86, in 15 families.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
John Williams (rugby union, born 1927)
John Michael Williams (24 August 1927 – 6 September 2000) was an English international rugby union player.

Williams was born and raised in Penzance, Cornwall. He attended Rugby School.

A hard-running centre, Williams gained a Cambridge blue in 1949 and was club captain of the Cornish Pirates. He was capped twice for England in the 1951 Five Nations, against Ireland at Lansdowne Road and Scotland at Twickenham.

Williams was a solicitor turned industrialist and spent his later years living in Budock. He held the position of High Sheriff of Cornwall for 1990 and also served a period as President of Cornwall RFU.

Cornish Pirates
The Cornish Pirates (Cornish: An Vorladron Gernewek) are a professional rugby union team who play in the Champ Rugby, the second level of the English rugby union pyramid, and are the premier Cornish rugby club. The Cornish Pirates team are the 'First XV' of the Penzance & Newlyn Rugby Football Club, and play and train at their home ground, the Mennaye Field in Penzance.
Mutagenesis
Mutagenesis (/mjuːtəˈdʒɛnɪsɪs/) is a process by which the genetic information of an organism is changed by the production of a mutation. It may occur spontaneously in nature, or as a result of exposure to mutagens. It can also be achieved experimentally using laboratory procedures. A mutagen is a mutation-causing agent, be it chemical or physical, which results in an increased rate of mutations in an organism's genetic code. In nature mutagenesis can lead to cancer and various heritable diseases, and it is also a driving force of evolution. Mutagenesis as a science was developed based on work done by Hermann Muller, Charlotte Auerbach and J. M. Robson in the first half of the 20th century.

Reactive oxygen species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are the hydroperoxide radical or hydroperoxyl (HO2), superoxide (O2−), the hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen(1O2).  ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O2, which is abundant.  ROS are important in many ways, both beneficial and otherwise.  ROS function as signals, that turn on and off biological functions.  They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells.  ROS are central to the photodegradation of organic pollutants in the atmosphere.  Most often, however, ROS are discussed in a biological context, ranging from their effects on aging and their role in causing dangerous genetic mutations.
Justin-Siena High School
Justin-Siena High School is a Catholic preparatory school in the Lasallian tradition, located in Napa, California, within the Diocese of Santa Rosa.

The school was created when Justin High School for males, sponsored by the Christian Brothers, merged with St. Catherine of Siena High School for females, sponsored by the Dominican Sisters of San Rafael in 1972.

The student population currently numbers approximately 600. It provides education to a diverse student population including North Bay residents from Napa, Solano, and Sonoma Counties, as well as international students. Justin-Siena has awarded more than $3.5 million in tuition assistance for the 2020-21 school year. Approximately 32.87% of students receive tuition assistance with the average grant covering 48.6% of tuition.  The school is administered by a president and is staffed by religious and lay men and women.

Napa County, California
Napa County (/ˈnæpə/ ⓘ) is a county north of San Pablo Bay located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 138,019. The county seat is the City of Napa. Napa County was one of the original counties of California, created in 1850 at the time of statehood. Parts of the county's territory were given to Lake County in 1861.

Napa County comprises the Napa, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is one of four North Bay counties.

Napa County, once the producer of many different crops, is known today for its regional wine industry. Napa County rose to the first rank of wine regions, along with France, when local wineries Stag's Leap Wine Cellars and Chateau Montelena won the "Judgment of Paris" in 1976.
Stenqvist
Stenqvist is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Åke Stenqvist (1914–2006), Swedish sprint runner, long jumper, pentathlete, and handball player

Harry Stenqvist (1893–1968), American-born Swedish road racing cyclist

Jakob Stenqvist (born 1998), Swedish ice hockey player

Harry Stenqvist
Erik Harry Stenqvist (25 December 1893 – 9 December 1968) was a Swedish road racing cyclist. Stenqvist competed in the 175 km road race at the 1920 Summer Olympics and won an individual gold and team silver medals.

Stenqvist was born in the United States to Swedish parents and later moved to Sweden, where he won national titles in the team (1912–1915) and individual events (10 km in 1915 and 1920 and 100 km in 1920). He was selected for the 1912 Stockholm Olympic, but only as a substitute. In 1916, his amateur status was revoked by the Swedish Cycling Federation, but later restored after a successful appeal. At the 1920 Olympics Stenqvist was initially declared a bronze medalist, but then promoted to the first place after subtracting 4 minutes he had to wait at a railroad crossing.
Lori Lemaris
Lori Lemaris is a mermaid in DC Comics, and a romantic interest for Superman. She is from Tritonis, a city in the undersea lost continent of Atlantis, and first appeared in Superman #129. She was created by Bill Finger and Wayne Boring. Lori is one of several Superman characters with the alliterative initials "LL", including Lois Lane, Lex Luthor, Lana Lang, Lyla Lerrol, Luma Lynai, and Lucy Lane.

Alliteration
Alliteration is the repetition of syllable-initial consonant sounds between nearby words, or of syllable-initial vowels if the syllables in question do not start with a consonant. It is often used as a literary device. A common example is "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers".
Jean Milo
Jean Milo was the  pseudonym of Belgian author and artist Émile Van Gindertael. He was born in  Saint-Josse-ten-Noode during 1906 and died in 1993 at Rixensart. He was also a painter, poet, essayist and novelist.

Saint-Josse-ten-Noode
Saint-Josse-ten-Noode (French, pronounced [sɛ̃ ʒɔs tœn nod] ⓘ) or Sint-Joost-ten-Node (Dutch, pronounced [sɪɲˌtɕoːstɛˈnoːdə] ⓘ), often simply called Saint-Josse in French or Sint-Joost in Dutch, is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the north-eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels and Schaerbeek.

As of 1 January 2022, the municipality had a total population of 26,965. The total area is 1.16 km2 (0.45 sq mi), which gives a population density of 23,234/km2 (60,180/sq mi). From a total of 581 municipalities in Belgium, Saint-Josse is both the smallest in area size and the most densely populated. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).
Sartaj Singh (general)
Lieutenant General Sartaj Singh GM (died 23 April 1998) was a senior officer in the Indian Army. He was commissioned into the Regiment of Artillery of the British Indian Army in 1940, and served as an anti-tank gunner in Ceylon. After completing training to serve as a gunnery staff instructor in the UK in 1947, he served as the first Indian instructor at the School of Artillery in Deolali. He served on a United Nations peacekeeping mission in the Congo, and commanded a division in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. He served as the GOC, XV Corps on the western front during the Indo Pakistan War of 1971. He was then awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1972 for his outstanding services to the nation. At the time of his retirement in 1974 he was General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the Southern Command, with the rank of lieutenant general.

Lieutenant general (India)
Lieutenant general is a three-star general officer rank in the Indian Army. It is the second-highest active rank in the Indian Army. Lieutenant generals rank above the two-star rank of Major General and below the four-star rank of General, which is held by the Chief of the Army Staff.

The equivalent rank in the Indian Navy is Vice Admiral and in the Indian Air Force is Air Marshal.

Officers in the rank of lieutenant general hold important appointments at the army commands and at the army headquarters.