hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chiala mountain salamander
The Chiala mountain salamander (Batrachuperus karlschmidti) is a species of salamander in the family Hynobiidae endemic to China and known from northwestern Sichuan, northeastern Tibet, and southeastern Gansu. Its validity as a species distinct from Batrachuperus tibetanus has been controversial. It is named after Karl Patterson Schmidt, American herpetologist.

The species' natural habitat are slow-flowing streams in grassland areas. It is largely aquatic but can occasionally be found on the stream bank. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by overgrazing as well as by collecting for traditional medicine.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
WKCH
WKCH (106.5 FM, "Klassic Country 106.5/94.7") is a radio station broadcasting a classic country music format. Licensed to Whitewater, Wisconsin, United States, the station serves Whitewater, Fort Atkinson and surrounding communities. In addition to country, WKCH also broadcasts local area high school sports and NASCAR. WKCH had previously broadcast UW-Whitewater Warhawks athletics, but ended that agreement following the 2021-2022 academic year. WKCH's studios are located in Fort Atkinson, alongside sister stations WFAW and WSJY.

The station is currently owned by Magnum Media, through licensee Magnum Communications, Inc.

As of 2024 WKCH is available on the HD-3 signal of sister station WSJY which affords the station coverage across the Madison area.

Fort Atkinson, Wisconsin
Fort Atkinson is a city in Jefferson County, Wisconsin, United States. It lies along the Rock River a few miles upstream from Lake Koshkonong. The population was 12,579 at the 2020 census. Fort Atkinson is the largest city located entirely in Jefferson County, as Watertown is split between Jefferson and Dodge counties. Fort Atkinson is a principal city of the Watertown–Fort Atkinson micropolitan statistical area, which is, in turn, a sub-market of the larger Milwaukee–Waukesha–Racine combined statistical area.
Rocilda Nunta Guimaraes
Rocilda Nunta Guimaraes is a Shipibo-Conibo Peruvian indigenous leader and politician, Vice Minister of Interculturality of the Ministry of Culture between 2021 and 2023, becoming the first indigenous woman to reach a high civil position. She has also been one of the leaders of Interethnic Association for the Development of the Peruvian Rainforest (AIDESEP).

Ministry of Culture (Peru)
The Ministry of Culture (Spanish: Ministerio de Cultura, MINCUL) is the government ministry of Peru in charge of the promotion of Peruvian culture and identity. It was created on 20 July 2010, during the Second presidency of Alan García. It replaced the National Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura, INC), with Juan Ossio Acuña serving as its inaugural minister after his appointment on 4 September 2010.

As of 2025, the culture minister is Fabricio Valencia
Bertrand Dermoncourt
Bertrand Dermoncourt (born March 1970) is a French journalist, publisher and author of books on music, including classical music. He started in rock fanzines during the 1980s. In 1998, he co-founded the magazine Classica of which he was from the beginning Editorial Director Musical critic of the weekly l'Express, he also directs a collection of biographies of composers published by Actes Sud He is also a member of the editorial board of the collection "Bouquins" at Éditions Robert Laffont and member of the Prix Pelléas jury.

At the request of the President of the Republic, Emmanuel Macron, he was artistic advisor for the "Année Debussy" on the occasion of the celebrations marking the centenary of the composer's death in 2018. After leaving Classica, he was appointed director of music at Radio Classique in March 2018.

Éditions Robert Laffont
Éditions Robert Laffont (French pronunciation: [edisjɔ̃ ʁɔbɛʁ lafɔ̃]) is a book publishing company in France founded in 1941 by Robert Laffont (1916–2010). Its publications are distributed in almost all francophone countries, but mainly in France, Canada and in Belgium.

Imprints belonging to Éditions Robert Laffont include éditions Julliard, les Seghers, Foreign Rights and NiL Éditions. In 1990, Éditions Robert Laffont was acquired by the French publishing group Groupe de La Cité. It is now part of Editis.

Éditions Robert Laffont published the Quid encyclopedia from 1975 to 2007 but announced that the 2008 edition of the encyclopedia would not be published after annual sales had fallen from a high of 400,000 to less than 100,000, apparently because of competition from online information sources such as Wikipedia.
Coat of arms of Kiribati
The coat of arms of Kiribati, officially known as the National Emblem of Kiribati, is the heraldic symbol representing the Central Pacific island nation of Kiribati. The arms feature a golden-coloured lesser frigatebird over a rising sun on a red background among white and blue stripes (symbol of the Pacific) and the 3 pairs of stripes represent the three archipelagos of the nation (Gilbert, Phoenix and Line Islands). The 17 rays of the sun represent the 16 Gilbert Islands and Banaba (former Ocean Island). On the ribbon under the shield is the Gilbertese motto Te Mauri te Raoi ao te Tabomoa (Health, Peace, and Prosperity).

The original and official version of both the National Flag and Emblem of Kiribati could be obtained from the Office of Te Beretitenti, the Ministry of Justice, or other Government's Ministries and Departments. The original design and specifications of both the flag and emblem are stipulated in the Constitution of Republic of Kiribati.

Gilbert Islands
The Gilbert Islands (Gilbertese: Tungaru; formerly Kingsmill or King's-Mill Islands) are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Papua New Guinea and Hawaii. They constitute the main part of the country of Kiribati (the name of which is a rendering of "Gilberts" in the phonology of the indigenous Gilbertese).
Invasion of France (1795)
The invasion of France (also known as the Battle of Quiberon) was a major landing on the Quiberon peninsula by émigré, counter-revolutionary troops in support of the Chouannerie and Vendée Revolt, beginning on 23 June and finally definitively repulsed on 21 July.  It aimed to raise the whole of western France in revolt, bring an end to the French Revolution and restore the French monarchy. The invasion failed; it had a major negative impact, dealing a disastrous blow to the royalist cause.

Auray
Auray (French pronunciation: [ɔʁɛ]; Breton: An Alre, [ãn alˈreː] ⓘ or simply Alre) is a commune in the Morbihan department, administrative region of Brittany, northwestern France.

Inhabitants of Auray are called Alréens (French) and Alreiz (Breton).
Den Dekker
Den Dekker is a Dutch occupational surname meaning "the thatcher". Other, more common forms of the surname are De Decker, De Dekker, and Dekker. Notable people named Den Dekker include:

Matt den Dekker (born 1987), American baseball outfielder

Michelle den Dekker (born 1966), Australian netball player

Nathalie den Dekker (born 1989), Dutch lawyer and beauty queen

Michael DenDekker (born 1961), American (New York) politician

Michelle den Dekker
Michelle den Dekker OAM, also known as Michelle Fielke, is an Australian netballer from South Australia. den Dekker represented Australia in 84 tests between 1988 and 1995, including a record 71 as captain. She received the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the 1992 Queen's Birthday Honours for services to sport.
CIMY-FM
CIMY-FM (104.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Pembroke, Ontario. Owned by My Broadcasting Corporation, it airs an adult contemporary format branded as 104.9 myFM. The radio studios and offices are in Victoria Center on Isabella Street.

CIMY has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 17,900 watts (34,000 maximum). The transmitter is on Round Lake Road in Pembroke, near the Trans-Canada Highway (Ontario Highway 17).

My Broadcasting Corporation
My Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) is a Canadian broadcasting company founded in 2004 by Jon Pole and Andrew Dickson. Based in Renfrew, Ontario, the company operates a number of radio stations in small to medium-sized markets in Ontario.
Akop Stepanyan
Akop Stepanyan (Russian: Акоп Степанян, Armenian: Հակոբ Ստեփանյան; born May 6, 1986) is a Russian mixed martial artist of Armenian heritage who competed in the featherweight and lightweight divisions of Bellator Fighting Championships and Absolute Championship Berkut.

Lightweight (MMA)
The lightweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's lightweight division, which groups competitors within 146 to 155 lb (66 to 70 kg)

The Shooto lightweight division, which limits competitors to 145 lb (65.8 kg)

The ONE Championship's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 77.1 kg (170.0 lb)

The Road FC's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 154 lb (70 kg)
2006 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2006 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament took place from March 2–5, 2006 at the North Charleston Coliseum in North Charleston, South Carolina. The #3 seed Davidson Wildcats defeated the Chattanooga Mocs in the championship game to win their 8th title and receive the automatic berth to the 2006 NCAA tournament.

North Charleston, South Carolina
North Charleston is a city in Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, North Charleston had a population of 114,852, making it the third-most populous city in the state, and the 248th-most populous city in the United States. North Charleston is a principal city within the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 849,417 in 2023.
Das Fest (Karlsruhe)
Das Fest (German: The Festival) is one of the biggest open-air concerts in Germany, which has taken place in Karlsruhe since 1985, and is organized by Karlsruhe Event GmbH. After the first few years of existence, its date was set for the last weekend before the summer holidays in Baden-Württemberg, which starts at the end of July. The festival has gained national popularity with its concerts, making up the main part of the event.

Fünf Sterne deluxe
Fünf Sterne deluxe (“Five Stars Deluxe”) is a German-language hip-hop band from Hamburg, Germany, founded in mid-1997, consisting of the rappers Das Bo (Mirko Bogojevic) and Tobi Tobsen (Tobias Schmidt), the graphic designer Marcnesium (Marc Clausen), and the disc jockey DJ Coolmann (Mario Cullmann).

The group released two full-length albums (Sillium and Neo.Now) and a number of singles and EPs until the break-up in 2004. DJ Coolmann left the band in 2003 for unknown reasons, while the remaining members continued to perform until late 2004 when the group was formally dissolved. In 2013 the original lineup performed at the “Beats auf der Bahn” festival in Hamburg. Two years later they signed a new record deal with Warner Music Group. The third album called Flash was released on 6 October 2017.
1814 South Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1814 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on December 5, 1814, in order to elect the Governor of South Carolina. Democratic-Republican candidate and former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina's 3rd district David Rogerson Williams was elected by the South Carolina General Assembly against fellow Democratic-Republican candidate and former Speaker of the South Carolina House of Representatives John Geddes.

South Carolina House of Representatives
The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections.

Unlike many legislatures, seating on the floor is not divided by party, but is arranged by county delegation – a legacy of the original apportionment of the chamber. Until 1964, each of South Carolina's counties was a legislative district, with the number of representatives determined by the county's population. It meets from the second week of January into May.
Saravan, Iran
Saravan (Balochi and ) is a city in the Central District of Saravan County, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. The city lies in a long valley in the south of Masheked and north of Makran, close to the international border with Pakistan.

Makran
Makran (Balochi: مکران), also mentioned in some sources as Mecran and Mokrān, is the southern coastal region of Balochistan. It is a semi-desert coastal strip in the Balochistan province in Pakistan and in Iran, along the coast of the Gulf of Oman. It extends westwards, from the Sonmiani Bay to the northwest of Karachi in the east, to the fringes of the region of Bashkardia/Bāšgerd in the southern part of the Sistan and Baluchestan province of modern Iran. Makrān is thus bisected by the modern political boundary between Pakistan and Iran. In January 2025, a government spokesperson informed that Iran is investigating the possibility of moving its capital to the Makran region.
Skeletocutis nothofagi
Skeletocutis nothofagi is a rare species of poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae that is found in South America. It has been proposed for inclusion in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species due to its highly restricted distribution and rare occurrence.

Polyporaceae
The Polyporaceae (/pɔːliːpoʊreɪsiˌaɪ, -siːˌiː/) are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota.  The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough.  Most members of this family have their hymenium (fertile layer) in vertical pores on the underside of the caps, but some of them have gills (e.g. Panus) or gill-like structures (such as Daedaleopsis, whose elongated pores form a corky labyrinth).  Many species are brackets, but others have a definite stipe – for example, Polyporus badius.

Most of these fungi have white spore powder but members of the genus Abundisporus have colored spores and produce yellowish spore prints. Cystidia are absent.
Roseophilin
Roseophilin is an antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces griseoviridis shown to have antitumor activity. The chemical structure can be considered in terms of two components, a macrotricyclic segment and a heterocyclic side-chain.  Several laboratory syntheses of roseophilin (e.g., those of Trost, Fürstner, Salamone) are based upon the Paal-Knorr synthesis, and two others are based on the Nazarov cyclization reaction (those of Tius, Frontier). The compound is related to the prodiginines.

Paal–Knorr synthesis
The Paal–Knorr synthesis is a reaction used to synthesize substituted furans, pyrroles, or thiophenes from 1,4-diketones. It is a synthetically valuable method for obtaining substituted furans and pyrroles, which are common structural components of many natural products. It was initially reported independently by German chemists Carl Paal and Ludwig Knorr in 1884 as a method for the preparation of furans, and has been adapted for pyrroles and thiophenes. Although the Paal–Knorr synthesis has seen widespread use, the mechanism wasn't fully understood until it was elucidated by V. Amarnath et al. in the 1990s.

The furan synthesis requires an acid catalyst:

Paal–Knorr furan synthesis

In the pyrrole synthesis a primary amine participates:

Paal–Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis

and in that of thiophene for instance the compound phosphorus pentasulfide:

Paal-Knorr thiophene synthesis
Alpine skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics – Men's slalom
The Men's slalom competition of the Calgary 1988 Olympics was held at Nakiska.

The defending world champion was Frank Wörndl of West Germany, while Yugoslavia's Bojan Križaj was the defending World Cup slalom champion and Alberto Tomba the leader of the 1988 World Cup.

Frank Wörndl
Frank Wörndl (born 28 June 1959) is a retired German Alpine skier. A four-time national slalom champion, Wörndl never won a World Cup race, and had mediocre results at the 1980 Olympics, finishing 10th in the slalom and 17th in the giant slalom. Yet he became one of the most successful German alpine skiers in history after winning the world slalom title in 1987 and an Olympic silver medal in 1988. He retired the same year and worked as a TV commentator for ZDF and Eurosport. In 2007 he opened a fitness studio in Sonthofen, and since 2011 he also performs as a singer.
Proteles
Proteles is a genus of distinctive hyenas which contain the aardwolf (Proteles cristatus) and its close fossil relatives. It is the only extant genus of the subfamily Protelinae.

While the oldest fossils definitely belonging to Proteles date back to the Pliocene, material from the Miocene dating to around 10 million years ago has been suggested to belong to the genus, which would significantly increase its temporal range.

It has been suggested that the Proelinae subfamily may actually be an offshoot of the "running hyenas" (such as Lycyaena) who adapted to an insectivorous diet due to increased competition from canines and felines.

Lycyaena
Lycyaena is an extinct genus of terrestrial carnivore in the family Hyaenidae.
Lycyaena was a cursorial hunting hyaena as opposed to full-time scavenger. It has been suggested by R. F. Ewer that Lycyaena may be a possible ancestor to today's aardwolf (Proteles cristatus). Lycyaena lived in Eurasia and North Africa during the Late Miocene.
Univair Aircraft Corporation
Univair Aircraft Corporation is an American aircraft manufacturer holding the type certificate for the Stinson 108 series, and Ercoupe series aircraft, including the Forney, Alon and the Mooney M10 Cadet. The company holds parts manufacturing approvals for Aeronca Champion, Bellanca Citabria, Bellanca Decathlon, Aeronca Scout, Cessna, Luscombe, Piper and Taylorcraft.

Univair was founded in the Denver, Colorado area in February 1946 by J.E. “Eddie” Dyer and Don Vest as Vest Aircraft Company. The company initially performed flight instruction, parts and repair. In 1963, Vest was closed following the death of its founder, and was reestablished by his wife in 1966 as Univair. The company moved to a new location off airport property in 1972.

Univair has specialized in manufacturing FAA approved new parts for vintage aircraft such as the Piper Cub.

Aeronca Chief family
The Aeronca K series, Aeronca Chief,  Aeronca Super Chief, Aeronca Tandem, Aeronca Scout, Aeronca Sea Scout, Aeronca Champion and Aeronca Defender were a family of American high-winged light touring aircraft, designed and built starting in the late 1930s by Aeronca Aircraft.
K-noid
In differential geometry, a k-noid is a minimal surface with k catenoid openings. In particular, the 3-noid is often called trinoid. The first k-noid minimal surfaces were described by Jorge and Meeks in 1983.

The term k-noid and trinoid is also sometimes used for constant mean curvature surfaces, especially branched versions of the unduloid ("triunduloids").

k-noids are topologically equivalent to k-punctured spheres (spheres with k points removed). k-noids with symmetric openings can be generated using the Weierstrass–Enneper parameterization . This produces the explicit formula

where  is the Gaussian hypergeometric function and  denotes the real part of .

It is also possible to create k-noids with openings in different directions and sizes, k-noids corresponding to the platonic solids and k-noids with handles.

Platonic solid
In geometry, a Platonic solid is a convex, regular polyhedron in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Being a regular polyhedron means that the faces are congruent (identical in shape and size) regular polygons (all angles congruent and all edges congruent), and the same number of faces meet at each vertex. There are only five such polyhedra: a tetrahedron (four triangular faces), a cube (six square faces), an octahedron (eight triangular faces), a dodecahedron (twelve pentagonal faces), and an icosahedron (twenty triangular faces).

Geometers have studied the Platonic solids for thousands of years. They are named for the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who hypothesized in one of his dialogues, the Timaeus, that the classical elements were made of these regular solids.
Domestic policy of Vladimir Putin
The domestic policy of Vladimir Putin concerns the internal Russian policies of Vladimir Putin during his tenure as President of Russia, as well as the effects of Putinism and the Putin legislative program within Russia. He previously served as president from 2000 to 2008, and has held the position since 2012.

United Aircraft Corporation
The PJSC United Aircraft Corporation (UAC) (Russian: Объединённая авиастроительная корпорация, romanized: Obyedinyonnaya Aviastroitelnaya Korporatsiya [OAK]) is a Russian aerospace and defense corporation. With a majority stake belonging to the Russian government, it consolidates Russian private and state-owned aircraft manufacturing companies and assets engaged in the manufacture, design, and sale of military, civilian, transport, and unmanned aircraft. Its corporate office is at Leningradsky Avenue, Khoroshyovsky District, Moscow.

Many of the corporation's assets are located in various regions in Russia, with joint ventures with foreign partners in China, India, and Italy.
Imagine You and Me
Imagine You and Me (stylized as Imagine You & Me) is a 2016 Philippine romantic comedy film directed by Mike Tuviera. The film stars Alden Richards and Maine Mendoza. The film was released on July 13, 2016, as AlDub's first anniversary offering, which happened on July 16, 2016, three days after the film was shown. It was screened primarily in the Philippines and also had screenings in other countries such as Canada, Italy, and the United States. The film follows the story of Andrew and Gara as their opposite beliefs cross paths in Italy.

The Cinema Evaluation Board of the Philippines evaluated the film as high quality and gave a B grade. On its first day of showing in cinemas, the film grossed over ₱21.5 million making 2016's highest opening gross for a Philippine film until it was surpassed by Barcelona: A Love Untold.

Jasmine Curtis-Smith
Jasmine Casandra Curtis-Smith (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈkəɹtɪs]; born 6 April 1994) is a Filipino actress. She is known internationally for her critically acclaimed performance in Hannah Espia's 2013 film Transit, and in the Philippines as the younger sister of fellow actress Anne Curtis. She is currently signed as an exclusive artist of the GMA Network.