hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emperor Bidatsu
Emperor Bidatsu (敏達天皇, Bidatsu-tennō; 538 – 14 September 585) was the 30th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

The traditional regnal years of Bidatsu are 572−585, within Asuka period; however, there are no certain dates for this emperor's life or reign. This is the post-Kofun period of the Yamato Kingship.

The names and sequence of the early emperors were not confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kanmu, who was the 50th monarch of the Imperial House.

Monarch
A monarch (/ˈmɒnərk/) is a head of state for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch usually exercises the highest authority and power in the state. Usually, a monarch either personally inherits the lawful right to exercise the state's sovereign rights (often referred to as the throne or the crown) or is selected by an established process from a family or cohort eligible to provide the nation's monarch. Alternatively, an individual may proclaim oneself monarch, or even usurp power, as many Ancient Greek tyrants did. If a young child is crowned the monarch, then a regent is often appointed to govern until the monarch reaches the requisite adult age to rule.
John G. Stower
John G. Stower (1791 Madison, Madison County, New York – December 20, 1850 in Chittenango, Madison Co., NY) was an American lawyer and politician from New York and Florida. From 1827 to 1829, he served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives.

Madison County, New York
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,016. Its county seat is Wampsville. The county is named after James Madison, the fourth president of the United States, and was first formed in 1806. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Madison County is part of the Syracuse metropolitan area, and is home to both the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the National Abolition Hall of Fame and Museum.
Slow drag (dance)
The slow drag is an American ragtime jazz musical form and the social dance for which the music was written. It has been resurrected as part of blues dancing. Music written for the dance is often short-handed into the song title as a "Drag".

Social dance
Social dances are dances that have social functions and context. Social dances are intended for participation rather than performance. They are often danced merely to socialise and for entertainment, though they may have ceremonial, competitive and erotic functions.

Many social dances of European origin are in recent centuries partner dances (see Ballroom dance) but  elsewhere there may instead be circle dances or line dances.
Mama Warerkar
Bhargavaram Viththal Varerkar (1883–1964), also known as Mama Varerkar, was  a Marathi writer from Bombay Presidency, India.

Varerkar was born in 1883 in Chiplun in the Konkan region. He attended high schools in Malvan, Dapoli and Ratnagiri. Before graduating he left his studies, worked for a while as a postal clerk, then migrated to Mumbai.

Varerkar wrote the play Kunjawihari (कुंजविहारी) in 1907. He wrote other plays with historic, mythological and social themes; he wrote many novels, short stories and film scripts. His writings strongly reflected his empathy for laborers under the dominance of their employers and the plight of women under male dominance.

He translated into Marathi many novels of Bengali writer Sharat Chandra Chatterji.

Varerkar presided over Marathi Sahitya Sammelan in Dhule in 1944. Later, he was nominated to Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian Parliament.

Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan
Akhil Bharatiya Marathi Sahitya Sammelan (All India Marathi Literary Conference) is an annual conference for literary discussions by Marathi writers. Marathi is the official language of Maharashtra State. The first Marathi Sahitya Sammelan was held in Pune in 1878 under the chairmanship of Justice Mahadev Govind Ranade.
Better in Boots
"Better in Boots" is a song recorded by American country music artist Tyler Farr. It was released to radio on August 17, 2015, by Columbia Nashville as the third and final single from his second studio album Suffer in Peace. The album's previous single, "Withdrawals" was pulled from country radio, being replaced by "Better in Boots". The song was written by former Runaway June lead vocalist Naomi Cooke, Justin Wilson and Dave Pittenger.

"Better in Boots" garnered better chart success than "Withdrawals", peaking at number 26 on both the Billboard Country Airplay and Hot Country Songs charts respectively. It has sold 131,000 units in the United States as of March 2016. It also charted in Canada, reaching number 43 on the Canada Country chart. An accompanying music video for the song, directed by Eric Welch, features Farr performing in a barn with his band, and is intercut with scenes of archery, lassoing and a silo dance party.

Sony Music Nashville
Sony Music Nashville is the country music branch of the Sony Music Group.

Based in Nashville, Tennessee, Sony Music Nashville includes its three country recording labels Arista Nashville, Columbia Nashville, and RCA Nashville, as well as Christian music company Provident Label Group, and independent music distribution company The Orchard.
Gilbert Hottois
Gilbert Hottois (29 March 1946 – 16 March 2019) was a Belgian professor of philosophy at the Université libre de Bruxelles who specialised in Bioethics.

Hottois was born in Brussels. His positions included:

Vice-Président of the Association des Sociétés de Philosophie de Langue Française (ASPLF) (2002–) ;

Member of the Advisory Board of " Utopean studies " (St Louis, Miss., USA) ;

President of the Société Belge de Philosophie (1990–1993) ;

Founder member and vice-président (1990–) of the Société pour la philosophie de la technique (Paris) ; Président (1997–1999) ;

Member of the Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique (2003–) ;

He was chair of the programme committee of the 2008 World Congress of Philosophy

Bioethics
Bioethics is both a field of study and professional practice, interested in ethical issues related to health (primarily focused on the human, but also increasingly includes animal ethics), including those emerging from advances in biology, medicine, and technologies. It proposes the discussion about moral discernment in society (what decisions are "good" or "bad" and why) and it is often related to medical policy and practice, but also to broader questions as environment, well-being and public health. Bioethics is concerned with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law, theology and philosophy. It includes the study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine ("the ethics of the ordinary"), ethical education in science, animal, and environmental ethics, and public health.
Tale of the Troika
Tale of the Troika (Сказка о Тройке) is a 1968 satirical science fiction novel  by Russian writers Boris and Arkady Strugatsky, with illustrations by Yevgeniy Migunov. It criticises both Soviet bureaucracy and also to some extent the Soviet scientific environment. Although the novel itself is not directed against the state per se, it met with a cold official reaction during the Soviet era, was quite difficult to obtain, and circulated in samizdat reprints.

Soviet bureaucracy
The Soviet bureaucracy played a crucial role in the governance and administration of the USSR. A class of high-ranking party bureaucrats, known as the nomenklatura, formed a de facto elite, wielding immense power over public life.
Colombres (Ribadedeva)
Colombres is one of three parishes (administrative divisions) in Ribadedeva, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain.

In 2011 the population was 1,385. In 2015 it won Premio Princesa de Asturias for "Pueblo ejemplar".

One of the most famous people in Colombres was Iñigo Noriega, who was born on 21 May 1853, he emigrated to Mexico with his uncle and he built a palace in his village named La Quinta de Guadalupe, which is the setting for Fundación de Archivos de Indianos, a place for documents about people who emigrated to South and North America since the 19th century.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
Artsakh University
Artsakh State University (Armenian: Արցախի Պետական Համալսարան) was a university in Stepanakert, the oldest and largest university in the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh. Over the course of its 50-year history, Artsakh State University produced over 20,000 graduates in 60 fields of study.

After the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive and the flight of Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians, the university building was appropriated by the Azerbaijan Ministry of Education for Karabakh University (Azerbaijani: Qarabağ Universiteti) on November 28, 2023, which started admitting students in 2024.

Students from Artsakh State University have campaigned for the university to resume operations in exile in Armenia.

Specialist degree
The specialist degree is an academic degree conferred by a college or university. The degree is formatted differently worldwide and may be either a five-year program or a doctoral level graduate program that occurs after a master's degree but before a doctoral degree. In the post-Soviet system, the degree is between a bachelor's and a master's degree.
Virgilius Altmann
Virgilius Altmann (9 February 1913 – 17 October 1943) was an Austrian cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during World War II.

Cycling at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's individual road race
The men's individual road race cycling event at the 1936 Summer Olympics took place on 10 August over 100 km. Ninety-nine cyclists from 28 nations competed. This was the first time that the cycling road race was conducted as a mass start event since 1896 and was one of six cycling events at the 1936 Olympics. The men's team road race was held in conjunction with this event, with teams having four riders and the team time taken as sum of the team's three best finishers. The individual event was won by Robert Charpentier of France, with his teammate Guy Lapébie in second. Ernst Nievergelt of Switzerland took bronze. They were the first men's mass-start road race medals for both nations, which had not competed in 1896.
Tricyclodecane
Tricyclodecane (TCD) is an organic compound with the formula C10H16. It is classed as a hydrocarbon. It has two main stereoisomers–the endo and exo forms. Its primary use in the exo form is as a component of jet fuel. It is used here primarily because of its high energy density. The exo isomer also has a low freezing point. Because of this, its properties have been studied extensively. It is often called tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene.

Endo–exo isomerism
In organic chemistry, endo–exo isomerism is a special type of stereoisomerism found in organic compounds with a substituent on a bridged ring system. The prefix endo is reserved for the isomer with the substituent located closest, or "syn", to the longest bridge. The prefix exo is reserved for the isomer with the substituent located furthest, or "anti", to the longest bridge. Here "longest" and "shortest" refer to the number of atoms that comprise the bridge. This type of molecular geometry is found in norbornane systems such as dicyclopentadiene.

The terms endo and exo are used in a similar sense in discussions of the stereoselectivity in Diels–Alder reactions.
1998 Israeli presidential election
An election for President of Israel was held in the Knesset on 4 March 1998.

It was the first time an incumbent President of Israel  was challenged. Shaul Amor stood against Ezer Weizman, but Weizman was re-elected by a vote of 63 to 49.

Ezer Weizman
Ezer Weizman (Hebrew: עֵזֶר וַיְצְמָן, romanized: Ezer Vaytsman, pronounced [ˈezeʁ ˈvaitsman] ⓘ; 15 June 1924 – 24 April 2005) was an Israeli major  general and politician who served as the president of Israel, first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1998. Before the presidency, Weizman was commander of the Israeli Air Force and Minister of Defense.
Okinawa 4th district
Okinawa 4th district is a constituency of the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan (national legislature). It is located in Okinawa Prefecture and encompasses the cities of Miyakojima, Ishigaki, Itoman, Tomigusuku, Nanjō, the village of Tarama, Yaeyama District and parts of Shimajiri District (Haebaru, Yaese and Yonabaru). The district was formed after the 2002 national electoral district review assigned Okinawa an extra district. Constituency cities and towns in the 1st and 2nd district were reassigned to form the 4th district. As of 2016, 286,832 eligible voters were registered in the district.

The district is currently represented by Kōsaburō Nishime of the Liberal Democratic Party.

Kosaburo Nishime
Kosaburo Nishime (西銘 恒三郎, Nishime Kōsaburō; born 7 August 1954), is a Japanese politician who has served in the House of Representatives representing Okinawa since 2012. He is a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Šime Špralja
Šime Špralja (born December 6, 1983) is a Croatian professional basketball player who plays for Sonik-Puntamika of the Croatian HT Premijer liga. Standing at 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in), he plays the power forward and center positions.

Premijer liga (Croatian basketball)
The Super Sport Premijer liga (English: Super Sport Premier League, lit. 'Super Sport Premier League'), also known as simply Premijer liga, is the first tier level men's professional basketball league in Croatia. It began in 1991, following the breakup of SFR Yugoslavia and therefore the Yugoslav League, and is organized by the Croatian Basketball Federation.

Favbet Premijer liga, which is played under FIBA rules, currently consists of 12 teams. The most successful club is KK Cibona with 19 championship titles.
Dobrosław-Kolonia
Dobrosław-Kolonia [dɔˈbrɔswaf kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lututów, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Lututów, 23 km (14 mi) east of Wieruszów, and 85 km (53 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Lututów
Lututów [luˈtutuf] is a small town in Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Lututów. It lies approximately 22 km (14 mi) east of Wieruszów and 85 km (53 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. The town has a population of 2,241 (2020).
New South Wales Country Rugby Union
The New South Wales Country Rugby Union, or NSWCRU, is the governing body for the sport of rugby union within most of New South Wales in Australia.

The NSWCRU is affiliated with the New South Wales Rugby Union and administers game in the majority of non-metropolitan areas of the state. The union is split into nine zones with 100 clubs and over 16,000 players. NSW Country is represented by the New South Wales Country Cockatoos team.

Brewarrina
Brewarrina (pronounced bree-warren-ah; locally known as "Bre") is a town in north-west New South Wales, Australia on the banks of the Barwon River in Brewarrina Shire. It is 96 kilometres (60 mi) east of Bourke and west of Walgett on the Kamilaroi Highway, and 787 km from Sydney. The population of Brewarrina in 2021 was 743. Other towns and villages in the Brewarrina district include: Goodooga, Gongolgon, Weilmoringle, and Angledool.

Today it is known as the location of the Ngunnhu (Aboriginal fish traps), which were created over 40,000 years ago. Brewarrina Aboriginal Mission existed alongside the river from 1876 to 1967.
Nam Kiwanuka
Mary Namugenyi "Nam" Kiwanuka (born Namugenyi Kiwanuka) is a Ugandan-Canadian television personality and journalist.

Kiwanuka came to Canada with her family in 1983, following the civil war in Uganda. She was given the Anglo-Protestant moniker Mary. She was a VJ for MuchMusic from 1999 to 2003 and later hosted basketball and football programming on Sportsnet that included the weekly NBA XL program. She is currently a reporter and substitute anchor on TVOntario's newsmagazine series The Agenda. Kiwanuka has volunteered overseas for War Child Canada, Journalists for Human Rights and the Canadian Red Cross.

Canadian Red Cross
The Canadian Red Cross Society (French: La Société canadienne de la Croix-Rouge) is a Canadian humanitarian charitable organization, and one of 192 national Red Cross and Red Crescent societies.  The organization receives funding from both private donations and from Canadian government departments.

The Canadian Red Cross trains volunteers in emergency response, disaster response, and disaster assistance, and provides injury prevention services such as outdoor activities safety and first aid training. The society, through the international network of the Red Cross, helps the world's vulnerable populations, including victims of armed conflicts and communities destroyed by disasters. The Canadian Red Cross also handled the Canadian blood supply, until that responsibility was taken away from them in the aftermath of the tainted blood scandal.

The current Secretary General and Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Red Cross is Conrad Sauvé.
Ḍ
Ḍ (minuscule: ḍ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from D with the addition of a dot diacritic.

In the transcription of Afro-Asiatic languages such as Arabic, ⟨ḍ⟩ represents an "emphatic" consonant [dˤ], and is used for that purpose in the Berber Latin alphabet.

In the transcription of Indic and East Iranian languages, and in the orthography of the O'odham and Sicilian languages, ⟨ḍ⟩ represents a retroflex [ɖ]. This was used in a former transcription of Javanese, but has been replaced by ⟨dh⟩.

In modern discussion of Early Old French (9th-11th centuries), it represents a voiced dental fricative, [ð], a sound that disappeared by the time of late 12th-century Old French as reflected in new spellings. Examples: riḍre "to laugh" (later rire), aiméḍe "loved" (feminine singular past participle, later aimée).

Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet comprises the letters originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language. In a largely unaltered form (two splits, ⟨J⟩ from ⟨I⟩ and ⟨U⟩ from ⟨V⟩; an addition, ⟨W⟩; and extensions such as letters with diacritics), it forms the Latin script that is used to write many languages worldwide: in western and central Europe, in Africa, in the Americas, and in Oceania. It is the most widely used writing system in the world, used by over 3,000 languages, which is about 70% of the global population.

Its basic modern 26-letter inventory is standardized as the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
Krūmiņa
Krūmiņa (masculine: Krūmiņš) is a Latvian topographic surname, derived from the Latvian word for "bush" (krūms). Individuals with the surname include:

Elita Krūmiņa (born 1965), auditor general of Latvia

Ivita Krūmiņa (born 1981), Latvian ice hockey player

Marta Krūmiņa-Vitrupe (1908–2010), Latvian poet, writer and chess master

Gerda Krūmiņa (born 1984), Latvian biathlete player

Linda Krūmiņa (born 1984), Latvian chess player

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
Ranodip Singh Kunwar
Ranaudip Singh Bahadur Kunwar Ranaji (alternatively spelled Rana Uddip, Renaudip or Ranoddip), KCSI (3 April 1825 – 22 November 1885), commonly known as Ranodip Singh Kunwar (Nepali: रणोद्दिप सिंह कुँवर) was the second Prime Minister of Nepal from the Rana dynasty. His style was His Excellency Commanding General Shree Shree Shree Maharaja Sir.

Deeply pious, Ranodip Singh composed several devotional hymns and was granted a personal salute of 15 guns from the British in 1883 and the title of Tung-ling-ping-ma-kuo-kang-wang (Truly Valiant Prince; commander of foot and horse) from the Guangxu Emperor in 1882. He was born as seventh son of Kaji Bal Narsingh Kunwar from his second wife Ganesh Kumari Thapa, daughter of Thapa Kazi General Nain Singh Thapa.

Shri
Shri (/ʃriː/; Sanskrit: श्री, romanized: Śrī, pronounced [ɕriː]) is a Sanskrit term denoting resplendence, wealth and prosperity, primarily used as an honorific.

The word is widely used in South and Southeast Asian languages such as Hindi, and also among Philippine languages. It is usually transliterated as Sri, Sree, Shri, Shiri, Shree, Si, or Seri based on the local convention for transliteration. In Tamil it evolved to Tiru.

The term is used in Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia as a polite form of address equivalent to the English "Mr." in written and spoken language.

"Shri" is also used as a title of veneration for deities or as honorific title for individuals.

"Shri" is also an epithet for Hindu goddess Lakshmi, while a yantra or a mystical diagram popularly used to worship her is called Shri Yantra.
Jean Pierre Brol
Jean Pierre Brol (born December 18, 1982) is a Guatemalan sport-shooter. He won gold for shooting at the 2011 Pan American Games in Men's trap and competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics, in the men's trap event.  He finished in 28th place.

He won the bronze medal in Paris 2024 in the Men's Trap event, which represented Guatemala's second medal in its Olympic history.

Shooting at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's trap
The men's trap event at the 2012 Olympic Games took place on 5 and 6 August 2012 at the Royal Artillery Barracks. There were 34 competitors from 27 nations. The event was won by Giovanni Cernogoraz of Croatia, the nation's first medal in the men's trap. Massimo Fabbrizi of Italy took silver, the third consecutive silver and fourth Games on the podium for Italy (Giovanni Pellielo had taken bronze in 2000 and silver in 2004 and 2008; he finished 8th this year, but would be back to win another silver in 2016). Kuwait, like Croatia, earned its first medal in the men's trap; Fehaid Al-Deehani took bronze.
Pohjalaisia (play)
Pohjalaisia (The Ostrobothnians) is a 1914 Finnish play. Based on it, a 1924 opera and two films in 1925 and 1936 were also made.

Its story takes place around 1850 in South Ostrobothnia, depicting local folklife and rebellion of the peasants against the Swedish-speaking arbitrary lensmann. While the lensmann character can be seen as being based on not only oppressive officers but also Klaus Fleming, a Swedish nobleman who was rebelled against by South Ostrobothnian pesants in the late 16th century, the character is also seen as a metaphor for 'the years of oppression' that Finns were facing under Russian rule when the play was written.

Russification of Finland
The policy of Russification of Finland was a governmental policy of the Russian Empire aimed at limiting the special status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and possibly the termination of its political autonomy and cultural uniqueness in 1899–1905 and in 1908–1917, fully integrating Finland to the Russian Empire. It was a part of a larger policy of Russification pursued by late 19th–early 20th century Russian governments which tried to abolish cultural and administrative autonomy of non-Russian minorities within the empire.

The two Russification campaigns evoked widespread Finnish resistance, starting with petitions and escalating to strikes, passive resistance (including draft resistance) and eventually active resistance. Finnish opposition to Russification was one of the main factors that ultimately led to Finland's declaration of independence in 1917.