hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pharae (Boeotia)
Pharae (Ancient Greek: Φαραί) was an ancient city in Boeotia, Greece. The city was located a short distance from Tanagra. Coins from this city have been preserved dating from c. 550–480 BCE, and from c. 387–374 BCE. The location of the city is not known, but may possibly be at Agios Pantaleimon, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) northeast of the village of Schimatari, where on the coast nearby is a village named Pharos.

Schimatari
Schimatari (Greek: Σχηματάρι) is a town and a former municipality in Boeotia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Tanagra, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 38.285 km2. It is situated in the wide valley of the river Asopos, at 6 km from the South Euboean Gulf coast. The A1 motorway (Athens - Lamia - Thessaloniki) passes north of Schimatari. Schimatari is located 13 km south of Chalcis, 23 km east of Thebes and 43 km north-northwest of Athens. The Tanagra Airport lies to the south.

An agricultural settlement until the 1980s, its proximity to Athens has led to a significant growth in industrial activities and population.
Talbot-Plateau law
The Talbot-Plateau law is an experimental observation related to the psychophysics of vision. If a light flickers so rapidly that it appears as continuous, then its perceived brightness will be determined by the relative periods of light and darkness: the longer the darkness, the weaker the light.

The law was first reported in a 1830 article by the Belgian scientist Joseph Plateau. This article stimulated the English photography pioneer Henry Fox Talbot to publish, in 1834, his own observations on this topic made back in the 1820s. While both scientists followed each other's experiments, they maintained that they conceived the original idea independently. In 1863, the experiments of A. Fick suggested that the Talbot-Plateau law does not hold for strong light intensities. This suggestion was later proven by O. Grünbaum in 1898 who demonstrated that flickering strong light appears brighter than its steady state value.

Joseph Plateau
Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau (French: [ʒozɛf ɑ̃twan fɛʁdinɑ̃ plato]; 14 October 1801 – 15 September 1883) was a Belgian physicist and mathematician. He was one of the first people to demonstrate the illusion of a moving image. To do this, he used counterrotating disks with repeating drawn images in small increments of motion on one and regularly spaced slits in the other. He called this device of 1832 the phenakistiscope.
1951 Irish Greyhound Derby
The 1951 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during July and August with the final being held at Harold's Cross Stadium in Dublin on 17 August 1951.

The winner Carmodys Tanist won a reduced prize of £500 and was trained by Dicky Myles and owned by Frances Chandler.

Harold's Cross Stadium
Harold's Cross Stadium was a greyhound racing stadium in Harold's Cross, Dublin, owned and operated by the Irish Greyhound Board.

Facilities included a grandstand restaurant, carvery, a number of bars, totalisator betting and seating.

Racing took place every Tuesday and Friday evening and race distances were 325, 525, 550, 570, and 750 yards and the feature competitions at the track were the Corn Cuchulainn, the Puppy Derby and the Grand National.

The stadium closed on 13 February 2017 due to the financial constraints of its owner, state greyhound racing body Bord na gCon. Bord na gCon later sold the track to the Department of Education for €23 million in 2018 and apartments have also been built on the site.  The proceeds from the sale were proposed be used to help pay a €20.3 million debt incurred from the construction of Limerick Greyhound Stadium.
St Joseph's Catholic School, Laverstock
St Joseph's Catholic School is a coeducational Roman Catholic secondary school in Laverstock, near Salisbury in Wiltshire, England.

It is a voluntary aided school administered by Wiltshire Council and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Clifton. The school offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils.

Voluntary aided school
A voluntary aided school (VA school) is a state-funded school in England and Wales in which a foundation or trust (usually a religious organisation) contributes to building costs and has a substantial influence in the running of the school. In most cases the foundation or trust owns the buildings. 
Such schools have more autonomy than voluntary controlled schools, which are entirely funded by the state. In some circumstances local authorities can help the governing body in buying a site, or can provide a site or building free of charge.

Originally the term is derived from the funding of the schools through voluntary subscriptions and contributions. Although it is also the case that these are schools previously independent of local or national government that volunteered to be aided by the state.

Hong Kong's education system also has aided (Chinese: 資助) schools.
Yagupov
Yagupov or Iagupov (Russian: Ягу­пов), feminine:Yagupova or Iagupova is a Russian-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alina Iagupova,  Ukrainian basketball player

Irina Kalentieva nee Yagupova, Russian professional cross-country mountain bike racer

Roman Iagupov, Moldovan and Romanian musician

Svetlana Yagupova, Ukrainian science fiction writer

Yevgeniy Yagupov, Soviet mortar designer

Irina Kalentieva
Irina Nikolayevna Kalentieva (Russian: Ирина Николаевна Калентьева) (née Yagupova, Ягу­пова; born 10 November 1977 in Batyrevsky District, Chuvashia) is a retired professional cross-country mountain bike racer from Russia. She won the UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships in 2007 and 2009.

She also won a bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and finished fourth at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and 13th at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
Turners Hill Transmitter
Turners Hill Transmitter refers to a pair of free-standing radio and television towers on Turners Hill, on the border of Dudley and Rowley Regis in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell; both localities being in the West Midlands of England. They are approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Oldbury.

One is made from lattice steel; and the other, "Turners Hill 2," with a height of 60.96 metres (200 ft), is made of concrete, topped by a steel antenna.

They carry multiplexes 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D and 12B.

It also broadcasts Hits Radio Black Country & Shropshire on 97.2 FM.

A local landmark, the masts are visible from the nearby M5 motorway and M6 motorway,  and from as far afield as Barr Beacon.

M5 motorway
The M5 is a motorway in England. It runs south-west from the M6 at junction 8 (West Bromwich), north-west of Birmingham to Exeter in Devon. The M5 runs through Sandwell Valley and its early sections form part of the Birmingham Motorway Box, after which it passes Worcester, Cheltenham, and Gloucester. It intersects with the M4 motorway at Almondsbury Interchange north of Bristol, then serves Taunton, and Tiverton, before terminating at junction 31 to the south of Exeter. At a total length of 163 miles (262 km), the M5 is the fourth-longest motorway in the UK.
Old Hardy County Courthouse
Old Hardy County Courthouse, also known as "First" Hardy County Courthouse, is a historic courthouse building located at Moorefield, Hardy County, West Virginia. It was built in two sections, the first built in 1792-93 and the extension added about 1833.  It is an L-shaped brick building painted white.  The original section measures approximately 25 by 50 feet (7.6 by 15.2 m) and the 1833 extension 50 by 25 feet (15.2 by 7.6 m).  The original section has Federal style detailing and features a cupola atop the gable roof.  The building was remodeled in 1972.  It served as the courthouse and clerk's office until the 1860s.  It was subsequently occupied by a girls' day and boarding school and offices.

Following a remodel by architect Marjorie Pierce in 1972, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Hardy County, West Virginia
Hardy County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,299. Its county seat is Moorefield. The county was created from Hampshire County in 1786 and named for Samuel Hardy, a distinguished Virginian.
Prasophyllum wilkinsoniorum
Prasophyllum wilkinsoniorum is a species of orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single tubular, bright green leaf and up to forty five scented, dark greenish-brown to brownish-red flowers with a green to pinkish labellum. It grows in grassy places in a restricted area on the Southern Tablelands.

Southern Tablelands
The Southern Tablelands is a geographic area of New South Wales, Australia, located south-west of Sydney and generally west of the Great Dividing Range.

The area is characterised by high, flat country which has generally been extensively cleared and used for grazing purposes.  The area is easily accessible to the Australian federal capital city of Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory. The area is included with the Southern Highlands and parts of the South West Slopes in the district that is known as Capital Country. In a wider sense, the term "Southern Tablelands" is also sometimes used to describe a broader region that includes the Monaro, the Southern Highlands and Australia's capital Canberra. The Southern Tablelands Temperate Grassland is a prominent vegetation community in the region.
Dina River
19°28′N 79°57′E﻿ / ﻿19.467°N 79.950°E﻿ / 19.467; 79.950

The Dina River is a river that runs near Chamorshi in the Gadchiroli district of Maharashtra, India. It joins Pranahita River near Wadlapeth in Aheri taluka. It is home to the Dina Dam. In September 2022, various villages in the backwater of the Dina dam lost connection due to floods.

Chamorshi
Chamorshi is a town and a tehsil in Gadchiroli district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

It is located near the east bank of the Wainganga River, which joins the Wardha River at Chaprala to form the Pranahita River; the Pranahita then meets the Godavari River. It is famous for the ancient historic temple of god Markandeshwar which is located at village Markanda.

The temple is situated on the bank of the Wainganga river, which flows generally from north to south but at Markanda it takes a northward turn for 20 km before again going south. Markanda is also known as (vidharbhachi kashi).
1984 World Championship Tennis Finals
The 1984 World Championship Tennis Finals, also known by its sponsored name Buick WCT Finals, was a tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 14th edition of the WCT Finals and was part of the 1984 World Championship Tennis circuit. It was played at the Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas in the United States and was held from April 24 through April 30, 1984. First-seeded and defending champion John McEnroe won the title and the accompanying $150,000 first-prize money. It was his fourth WCT Finals title, a record, and his sixth successive final.

Reunion Arena
Reunion Arena was an indoor arena located in the Reunion district of downtown Dallas, Texas, United States. The arena served as the primary home of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Dallas Stars and the National Basketball Association's (NBA) Dallas Mavericks. The venue's capacity held accommodations for 17,000 for ice hockey spectators, and 18,190 for basketball spectators.

Reunion was also a performance venue for some of the biggest names in popular music from the 1980s through the late 2000s including Michael Jackson, Paul McCartney, Prince, Van Halen, Bon Jovi, Frank Sinatra, Elton John, David Bowie, Madonna, Dire Straits, Gloria Estefan, Phil Collins, Mötley Crüe, Pink Floyd, Queen, Journey, U2, R.E.M. and Radiohead.

Reunion Arena was demolished in November 2009 and the site was cleared by the end of the year.
Margaret Cousins
Margaret Elizabeth Cousins (née Gillespie; 7 November 1878 – 11 March 1954), known as Gretta Cousins, was an Irish-Indian educationist, suffragist and Theosophist, known for founding the All India Women's Conference (AIWC) and co-founding the Women's Indian Association (WIA).

Cousins is credited with preserving the tune of the Indian National Anthem Jana Gana Mana, and was a member of the Flag Presentation Committee which presented the National Flag to the Constituent Assembly on 14 August 1947.

Women's Studies International Forum
Women's Studies International Forum is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering feminist research in the area of women's studies and other disciplines. The journal is published by Elsevier and its editor-in-chief is Kalwant Bhopal (University of Birmingham).
Perai Free Industrial Zone
The Perai Free Industrial Zone (Perai FIZ) is a free trade zone within Seberang Perai in the Malaysian state of Penang. Located within the suburb of Perai and 4.7 km (2.9 mi) south of Butterworth, the Perai FIZ was established in 1980 with the aim of becoming a major manufacturing hub for bulk items, leveraging its proximity to the Port of Penang and the railway line that links it to the rest of western Peninsular Malaysia.

The zone has since attracted numerous multinational companies such as Mattel, Flex, Sanmina, JinkoSolar and Honeywell. In 2022, the Perai FIZ, along with other industrial estates within Central Seberang Perai, received RM1.05 billion of foreign direct investments (FDI), accounting for nearly 11% of Penang's total FDI that year.

Flex Ltd.
Flex Ltd. (previously known as Flextronics International Ltd. or Flextronics) is a Singaporean–American multinational manufacturing company. It is the world's third largest global electronics manufacturing services (EMS), original design manufacturer (ODM) company by revenue, behind only Pegatron for what concerns original equipment manufacturers. Flex's U.S. corporate headquarters are located in Austin, Texas, and is domiciled in Singapore. The company has manufacturing operations in over 30 countries, totaling about 172,000 employees.
Kew Green Preparatory School
Kew Green Preparatory School is a non-denominational mixed preparatory school in Kew in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames.

It has a nursery with facilities including a climbing frame and mud kitchen. It also offers PE sessions designed for pre-reception children, with classes for ballet, yoga, and movement.

Preparatory school (United Kingdom)
A preparatory school (or, shortened: prep school) in the United Kingdom is a fee-charging private primary school that caters for children up to approximately the age of 13.  The term "preparatory school" is used as it prepares the children for the Common Entrance Examination in order to secure a place at an independent secondary school, typically one of the English public schools.  They are also preferred by some parents in the hope of getting their child into a state selective grammar school. Most prep schools are inspected by the Independent Schools Inspectorate, which is overseen by Ofsted on behalf of the Department for Education.
2025 WRC2 Championship
The 2025 FIA WRC2 Championship is the thirteenth season of WRC2, a rallying championship for organised and governed by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile as the second-highest tier of international rallying. It is open to privateers and teams using cars complying with Group Rally2 regulations. The championship began in January 2025 with the Monte Carlo Rally and would conclude in November 2025 with the Rally Saudi Arabia, and runs in support of the 2025 World Rally Championship.

Sami Pajari and Enni Mälkönen were the defending drivers' and co-drivers' champions. However, Pajari did not defend his title as he was promoted to the top tier by Toyota Gazoo Racing WRT. Oliver Solberg and Elliott Edmondson became the 2025 WRC2 champions.

Monte Carlo Rally
The Monte Carlo Rally or Rallye Monte-Carlo (officially Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo) is a rallying event organized each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco.

From its inception in 1911 by Prince Albert I, the rally was intended to demonstrate improvements and innovations in automobiles, and promote Monaco as a tourist resort on the Mediterranean shore. Before the format changed in 1997, the event was a “concentration rally” in which competitors would set off from various starting points around Europe and drive to Monaco, where the rally would continue to a set of special stages.

The rally now takes place along the hills of the French Riviera and southeast France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and the southern parts of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes). In 2026, for the first time since the 2008 Monte Carlo Rally, the event returned to within the borders of Monaco for a Super Special Stage.
Pine Grove Historic District (Pine Grove, Pennsylvania)
The Pine Grove Historic District is a national historic district located in Pine Grove, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. Added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987, it encompasses 1,770 acres, 233 contributing buildings, one contributing site, and one contributing structure in a residential section of Pine Grove, and is bordered by South Tulpehocken and Mill streets and the Swatara Creek.

Swatara Creek
40°11′5″N 76°43′56″W﻿ / ﻿40.18472°N 76.73222°W﻿ / 40.18472; -76.73222

Swatara Creek (nicknamed the Swatty) is a 72-mile-long (116 km) tributary of the Susquehanna River in east-central Pennsylvania in the United States. It rises in the Appalachian Mountains in central Schuylkill County and passes through northwest Lebanon County before draining into the Susquehanna at Middletown in Dauphin County.

The name "Swatara" is said to derive from a Susquehannock word, Swahadowry or Schaha-dawa, which means "where we feed on eels". Ancient Native Americans built dozens of eel-weirs, V-shaped rock barriers designed to funnel eels to facilitate capture, on the Susquehanna and its tributaries.
Bezgolosovo
Bezgolosovo (Russian: Безголосово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bezgolosovsky Selsoviet, Aleysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 598 as of 2013. There are 13 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Walter Marsham
Walter John Marsham (24 October 1869 – 8 March 1945) was an English cricketer. Marsham's batting style is unknown.

The son of Kent cricketer Rev. Hon. John Marsham and Penelope Jane Hume and grandson of Charles Marsham, 3rd Earl of Romney, Marsham was born at Barton Seagrave Rectory in Northamptonshire where his father was rector. Marsham appeared once for Northamptonshire in the 1897 Minor Counties Championship against Worcestershire at the County Ground, Northampton. While in the British Raj, Marsham made a single first-class cricket appearance for the Gentlemen of India against Oxford University Authentics in January 1903 at the Polo Ground, Delhi.

Marsham married Frances Leonora Monckton, daughter of Edward Philip Monckton MP, of Fineshade Abbey and Laundimer House, Oundle, in 1908. He died at Winchester, Hampshire on 8 March 1945 aged 75.He had two children, John Edward born 1910 and Violet Leonora born 1913. His brother-in-law Arthur Hoare was also a first-class cricketer.

Edward Monckton (North Northamptonshire MP)
Edward Philip Monckton (18 July 1840 – 17 April 1916) was a British barrister and politician.

He was the eldest son of Edward Henry Cradock Monckton of Fineshade Abbey, Northamptonshire, but was born at Bareilly in India, while his father was serving in the East India Company. Monckton grew up at Fineshade Abbey. He was educated privately, before studying at Trinity College, Cambridge.  In 1868, he became a barrister at Inner Temple.  He settled near Oundle, and was elected to Northamptonshire County Council for the King's Cliffe division.  He also served from 1883 to 1884 as High Sheriff of Rutland. He was editor of Baylis' Law of Domestic Servants.

Monckton was elected for the Conservative Party in North Northamptonshire at the 1895 UK general election, retiring in 1900.  He then served as Recorder of Northampton until his death, in 1916.

He married in 1866, Christabel, daughter of Rev. Christopher Dunkin Francis, vicar of Tysoe, Warwickshire.
Manuel Allendesalazar
Don Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar (24 August 1856 – 17 May 1923) was a Spanish noble and politician who served two terms as Prime Minister of Spain during the reign of King Alfonso XIII.

Allendesalazar was born in Guernica. He occupied other political offices such as Minister of State and Mayor of Madrid. He died in Madrid on May 17, 1923.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.
Jim McAllester
Jim McAllester (born 16 April 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon, Footscray and Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

McAllester could play as a ruckman but was mostly used as either a forward and defender during his career.

After serving an apprenticeship in the under-19s, McAllester made two senior appearances for Essendon in 1980 but did not register a possession in either game.

He spent the 1981 and 1982 seasons at Footscray before playing at East Ballarat in 1983.

McAllester played with Collingwood in 1984 and 1985, but was restricted to the reserves in the latter season. Upon leaving Collingwood, he joined the Brunswick Football Club.

East Ballarat Football Club
The East Ballarat Football Club was an Australian rules football club which competed in the Ballarat Football League.

First formed in 1885 the club remained a junior club in their district, their senior club being Ballarat Imperial Football Club.

The upheaval of the 1930s in which the Ballarat competition merged with the Wimmera league for three years resulted with the dissolving of the Imperial. Reformed during the WWII the club in 1944 was promoted to the top level BFL competition. They won six premierships in 1949, 1950, 1964, 1989, 1990 & 1993.

They merged with Golden Point in 2001 to form the East Point Football Club.
Gaozeng station
Gaozeng station (Chinese: 高增站; Cantonese Yale: Gōujāng Jaahm), formerly Aigang station (矮岗站; Áigōng Jaahm) during planning, is an interchange station between Line 3 and Line 9 of the Guangzhou Metro, and also the eastern terminus of Line 9. The underground station is located at the south of Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport in Baiyun District. The station opened for both lines when Line 9 went into operation on 28 December 2017.

Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.

Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development. Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.