hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Congregation Shaare Emeth
Congregation Shaare Emeth (transliterated from Hebrew as "Gates of Truth") is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 11645 Ladue Road, in Creve Coeur, St. Louis County, Missouri, in the United States.

Creve Coeur, Missouri
Creve Coeur (/ˈkriːv ˈkɔːr/) is a city in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States, that is part of Greater St. Louis. Its population was 18,834 at the 2020 census. Creve Coeur borders and shares a ZIP code (63141) with the neighboring city of Town and Country. It is home to the headquarters of Drury Hotels, and was the home of Monsanto until its acquisition by Bayer in 2018.
International Journal of Learning and Media
The International Journal of Learning and Media (IJLM) is an electronic peer-reviewed academic journal devoted to examining the relationship between learning and media. The journal is published four times a year by the MIT Press and is online-only.

MIT Press
The MIT Press is the university press of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The MIT Press publishes a number of academic journals and has been a pioneer in the open access movement in academic publishing.
Artists in biographies by Filippo Baldinucci
Filippo Baldinucci's Notizie de' Professori del Disegno, Da Cimabue in qua, Secolo V. dal 1610. al 1670. Distinto in Decennali (or Notice of the Professors of Design, from Cimabue to now, from 1610–1670) was a major art biography of Baroque painters. The work covered 6 volumes, published between 1681 and 1728.

Jan van Kessel the Elder
Jan van Kessel the Elder or Jan van Kessel (I) (baptized 5 April 1626, Antwerp – 17 April 1679, Antwerp) was a Flemish painter active in Antwerp in the mid-17th century. A versatile artist, he practiced in many genres including studies of insects, floral still lifes, marines, river landscapes, paradise landscapes, allegorical compositions, scenes with animals and genre scenes. A scion of the Brueghel family many of his subjects took inspiration of the work of his grandfather Jan Brueghel the Elder as well as from the earlier generation of Flemish painters such as Daniel Seghers, Joris Hoefnagel and Frans Snyders. Van Kessel's works were highly prized by his contemporaries and were collected by skilled artisans, wealthy merchants, nobles and foreign luminaries throughout Europe.
Beaucroissant
Beaucroissant (French pronunciation: [bokʁwasˈɑ̃]) is a commune in the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-eastern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Manants or Manantes.

Isère
Isère (US: /iːˈzɛər/ ee-ZAIR; French: [izɛʁ] ⓘ; Arpitan: Isera; Occitan: Isèra, Occitan pronunciation: [iˈsɛɾa]) is a landlocked department in the southeastern French region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Isère, it had a population of 1,271,166 in 2019. Its prefecture is Grenoble. It borders Rhône to the northwest, Ain to the north, Savoie to the east, Hautes-Alpes to the south, Drôme and Ardèche to the southwest and Loire to the west.
Paqarin Pawka
Paqarin Pawka (Quechua paqarin dawn, morning, pawka a plant (Escallonia herrerae), Hispanicized spelling Pajarinpauca) is a mountain in the Cordillera Central in the Andes of Peru, about 5,200 m (17,060 ft) high. It is located in the Lima Region, Yauyos Province, on the border of the districts of Miraflores and Tanta. Paqarin Pawka lies on a ridge northwest of Hatun Pawka and east of a lake named Ch'uspiqucha.

Chuspicocha (Yauyos)
Chuspicocha (possibly from Quechua ch'uspi insect, generic name of flies or two-winged insects; fly, qucha lake, "fly lake" or "insect lake") is a lake in Peru located in the Lima Region, Yauyos Province, Tanta District. It is situated at a height of about 4,625 metres (15,174 ft), about 1.02 km long and 0.4 km at its widest point. Chuspicocha lies south of the Pariacaca mountain range and Paucarcocha and north of Ticllacocha and Piscococha, near the village of Tanta.
Amédée Tremblay
Pierre-Joseph Amédée Tremblay (14 April 1876 – 14 July 1949) was a Canadian organist, composer, and music educator. A largely self-taught composer, his output includes several motets, two masses, a few patriotic songs, works for solo organ, and the operetta L'Intransigeant (produced in Ottawa in 1906). His organ piece Suite de quatre pièces pour grand orgue is his most well known composition. Dedicated to Joseph Bonnet, it is noted for its "brilliant toccata" at the finale. His works have been published by Orme, Le Passe-Temps, and Ed. Archambault. Composers Guillaume Couture and Vincent d'Indy were admirers of Tremblay's music.

Vincent d'Indy
Paul Marie Théodore Vincent d'Indy (French: [vɛ̃sɑ̃ dɛ̃di]; 27 March 1851 – 2 December 1931) was a French composer and teacher. His influence as a teacher, in particular, was considerable. He was a co-founder of the Schola Cantorum de Paris and also taught at the Paris Conservatoire. His students included Albéric Magnard, Albert Roussel, Arthur Honegger, Darius Milhaud, Yvonne Rokseth, and Erik Satie, as well as Cole Porter.

D'Indy studied under composer César Franck, and was strongly influenced by Franck's admiration for German music. At a time when nationalist feelings were high in both countries (circa the Franco-Prussian War of 1871), this brought Franck into conflict with other musicians who wished to separate French music from German influence.
Erin M. Gibson
Erin M. Gibson is a glial and circadian biologist as well as an assistant professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and the Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine at Stanford University. Gibson investigates the role of glial cells in sculpting neural circuits and mechanistically probes how the circadian rhythm modulates glial biology.

Ben Barres
Benjamin Barres (born Barbara A. Barres, September 13, 1954 – December 27, 2017) was an American neurobiologist at Stanford University. His research focused on the interaction between neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. Beginning in 2008, he was chair of the Neurobiology Department at Stanford University School of Medicine. He transitioned to male in 1997, and became the first openly transgender scientist in the National Academy of Sciences in 2013. Barres is also known for his pioneering activism for equal opportunity in science, often citing his experiences as both a male and female scientist.
Michael McCarthy (cyclist)
Michael Brian McCarthy (born June 20, 1968) is an American former road and track cyclist who was active between 1986 and 1998. On track, he won one gold and one bronze medals in the individual pursuit at the world championships in 1990 and 1992. He competed at the 1988 and 1996 Summer Olympics in the 4 km team pursuit and finished in ninth and sixth place, respectively. On the road, he won two stages of the Redlands Bicycle Classic (1995, 1997), Tour de Taiwan (2×1995) and Tour of Japan (2×1998).

In 1990, McCarthy was selected as USA Cycling Athlete of the Year. In 2010, he was inducted to the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame.

Born and raised in New York, he then moved to Mill Valley, California, and started racing competitively in 1982. He retired due to an Epstein–Barr virus infection and later worked as a sales trader in San Francisco.

Tour of Japan
The Tour of Japan is an annual professional road bicycle racing stage race held in Japan since 1996 as part of the UCI Asia Tour. It is sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI) as a 2.2 category race.
Arthur H. Sholts
Arthur Hamlin "A. H." Sholts (February 6, 1861 – September 2, 1934) was an American politician.

Born in the town of Rutland, Dane County, Wisconsin, Sholts graduated from Oregon High School in Oregon, Wisconsin. He then graduated from the Whitewater State Teachers College. He was principal of the public schools in Evansville, Stoughton, and Oregon, Wisconsin. In 1907, he moved to his farm in the town of Oregon. Sholts served as chairman of the Oregon Town Board. In 1911, Sholts served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Republican. In 1929, Wisconsin Governor Walter Kohler Sr. appointed Sholts to the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin. Sholts died at his home in Oregon, Wisconsin.

Walter J. Kohler Sr.
Walter Jodok Kohler Sr., (March 3, 1875 – April 21, 1940) was an American businessman and politician from the Kohler family of Wisconsin. He was an innovative and highly successful Wisconsin industrialist. The Kohler Company was founded by his father, John Michael Kohler. Walter Kohler served as the company's president from 1905 to 1937. Walter Kohler was elected the 26th governor of Wisconsin as a Republican, serving one term from 1929 to 1931. A moderate, pro-business Republican who admired Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover, Kohler sparred with the left and right of his party before and during the Great Depression. His son, Walter J. Kohler Jr., also served as governor, from 1951 to 1957.
The Wayfinder
The Wayfinder is a 2025 historical epic novel by Adam Johnson set in the south Pacific during the Tu’i Tonga Empire. The characters are based on the Moriori people of Rēkohu Island. The novel is set before Western contact with Polynesians.

Tuʻi Tonga Empire
The Tuʻi Tonga Empire, or Tongan Empire, are descriptions sometimes given to Tongan expansionism and projected hegemony in Oceania which began around 950 CE, reaching its peak during the period 1200–1500.

It was centred in Tonga on the island of Tongatapu, with its capital at Muʻa. Modern researchers and cultural experts attest to widespread Tongan influence, evidence of transoceanic trade and exchange of material and non-material cultural artefacts.

Captain James Cook observed and recorded his accounts of the Tuʻi Tonga kings during his visits to the Friendly Isles of Tonga.
Scindia Ghat
Scindia Ghat (Hindi: सिंधिया घाट) is one of the ghats in Varanasi and borders Manikarnika, a place of Hindu cremation, to the north. At this ghat, a tilted Shiva temple can be found lying partially submerged in the Ganges River and it is argued that this ghat collapsed under its own excessive weight. The ghat is named after the Scindias, who built it in 1830. Above the ghat, several of Kashi’s most influential shrines are located within the tight maze of alleys of Siddha Kshetra (Field of Fulfillment). According to mythology, Agni, the Hindu God of Fire, was born here. Hindu devotees propitiate at this place to Vireshwara, the Lord of all heroes, for a son.

Ghat
Ghat (Hindi: [ɡʱaːʈ]), a term used in the Indian subcontinent, to refer  to the series of steps leading down to a body of water or wharf, such as a bathing or cremation place along the banks of a river or pond, the Ghats in Varanasi, Dhobi Ghat or the Aapravasi Ghat.
Csaba Nagy
Csaba Nagy (born 1970) is a Hungarian architect and politician, member of the National Assembly (MP) for Pécs (Baranya County Constituency II) from 2010 to 2014, and for Szigetvár (Baranya County Constituency IV) since 2018.

He served as deputy mayor of Pécs from June 4, 2009 to October 3, 2014. Nagy was a member of the Committee on Local Government and Regional Development from May 14, 2010 to May 5, 2014 and also of the Committee on Culture and the Press from September 23, 2013 to May 5, 2014. He was appointed President of the General Assembly of Baranya County in 2014, replacing Zsolt Tiffán.

Nagy returned to the National Assembly after the 2018 parliamentary election, obtaining a mandate in Szigetvár constituency and replacing fellow Fidesz member Zsolt Tiffán. He became a member of the Committee on Culture (May–October 2018) then of the Legislative Committee (since October 2018).

Szigetvár
Szigetvár (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈsiɡɛtvaːr]; Croatian: Siget; German: Inselburg, Großsiget) is a town in Baranya County in southern Hungary.  The name is a compound word composed of Sziget (Island) + vár (castle). In October 2011, the city received the title Civitas Invicta from the Hungarian Parliament. Today it has a population of 12,000.
Central charge
In theoretical physics, a central charge is an operator Z that commutes with all the other symmetry operators. The adjective "central" refers to the center of the symmetry group—the subgroup of elements that commute with all other elements of the original group—often embedded within a Lie algebra. In some cases, such as two-dimensional conformal field theory, a central charge may also commute with all of the other operators, including operators that are not symmetry generators.

Commutative property
In mathematics, a binary operation is commutative if changing the order of the operands does not change the result. It is a fundamental property of many binary operations, and many mathematical proofs depend on it. Perhaps most familiar as a property of arithmetic, e.g. "3 + 4 = 4 + 3" or "2 × 5 = 5 × 2", the property can also be used in more advanced settings. The name is needed because there are operations, such as division and subtraction, that do not have it (for example, "3 − 5 ≠ 5 − 3"); such operations are not commutative, and so are referred to as noncommutative operations.

The idea that simple operations, such as the multiplication and addition of numbers, are commutative was for many centuries implicitly assumed. Thus, this property was not named until the 19th century, when new algebraic structures started to be studied.
Charitosomus
Charitosomus is an extinct genus of prehistoric marine ray-finned fish from the Late Cretaceous, related to modern beaked salmons. They were nektonic carnivores in life.

It contains the following species:

†C. formosus von der Marck 1885 - Late Campanian of Germany (Baumberge Formation)

†C. lineolatus (Pictet & Humbert 1866) - Santonian of Lebanon (Sahel Alma) (=Solenognathus lineolatus Pictet & Humbert, 1866)

†C. major Woodward 1901 - Santonian of Lebanon (Sahel Alma)

The species C. hakelensis (Davis, 1887) from the Late Cenomanian of Lebanon is now placed in its own genus, Hakeliosomus. Another species, C. hermani Taverne, 1976, from the late Albian-middle Cenomanian of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is presently considered an indeterminate gonorynchid.

Arthur Smith Woodward
Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, FRS (23 May 1864 – 2 September 1944) was an English palaeontologist, known as a world expert in fossil fish. He also described the Piltdown Man fossils, which were later determined to be fraudulent. He is not related to Henry Woodward, whom he replaced as curator of the Geology Department of the British Museum of Natural History.
Ram Prasad Paul
Ram Prasad Paul (born 1968) is an Indian Politician from Tripura. He is currently serving as 14th Deputy Speaker of Tripura Legislative Assembly since 2023.He was Minister of Fire and Emergency Service of Tripura in Government of Tripura under Biplab Kumar Deb ministry. He became the MLA from Suryamaninagar Constituency by defeating CPI(M) candidate Rajkumar Choudhury by a margin of 4,567 votes in 2018.

Tripura Legislative Assembly
The Tripura Legislative Assembly or Tripura Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tripura, with 60 Members of the Legislative Assembly. The present Assembly is located in Gurkhabasti. Ujjayanta Palace in Agartala served as the previous meeting place. The tenure of the Assembly is five years unless sooner dissolved. The present Assembly is the 13th Legislative Assembly, where the current speaker of the House is Biswa Bandhu Sen since 24 March 2023. On 15 August 1957, a Territorial Council was formed with 30 elected members and two members nominated by the Government of India.
Provisional Municipality of Venice
The Provisional Municipality of Venice (Italian: Municipalità Provvisoria di Venezia) was a provisional republican regime set up by the First French Republic after the Fall of the Republic of Venice and the occupation of Venice itself by French troops on 16 May 1797. Its territory encompassed the parts of Veneto that had belonged to the Venetian Terraferma. The Provisional Municipality lasted for the duration of the French occupation, until the arrival of Austrian troops on 18 January 1798, in accordance with the Treaty of Campo Formio, and the annexation of the Veneto as the Venetian Province of the Habsburg empire.

Domini di Terraferma
The Domini di Terraferma (lit. 'mainland domains') or Stato da Tera (lit. 'mainland state') was the hinterland territories of the Republic of Venice beyond the Adriatic coast in Northeast Italy. They were one of the three subdivisions of the Republic's possessions, the other two being the original Dogado (Duchy) and the Stato da Màr (maritime territories).
Daniel J. Anderson
Daniel J. Anderson (November 2, 1945 – February 5, 2023) was an American ceramic artist, studio potter, and teacher. He was known for his depictions of architectural forms and imagery of the American Midwest, including water towers, silos and oil cans. He also made extensive use of ceramic decals to reference topics ranging from corporate logos and mascots, to baseball, to notable people including ceramic artists.

Anderson studied at the University of Wisconsin - River Falls, graduating with a BS in Art Education in 1968, and then completed his MFA at the Cranbrook Academy of Art in Michigan in 1970. He taught ceramics at Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, IL, from 1970 to 2002. He remained a professor emeritus at SIU until his death.

Oil can
An oil can (oilcan or oiler) is a can that holds oil (usually motor oil) for lubricating machines. An oil can can also be used to fill oil-based lanterns. A worker, referred to as an oiler, can use an oil can (among other tools) to lubricate machinery.

Oil cans were made by companies like Noera Manufacturing Company and Perfection in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Around this time, oil cans frequently leaked and contributed to fires. In 1957, aluminium oil cans were introduced, produced by companies like the American Can Company.

Rocanville, Saskatchewan, Canada is home to a large-scale oil can industry because of the Symons Oiler factory which produced oil cans during World War II.
Triton of the Sea
Triton of the Sea (海のトリトン, Umi no Toriton) is a 1969 Japanese manga series created by Osamu Tezuka for Kodansha. The manga was adapted by the Asahi Broadcasting Corporation into a 27-episode anime television series from April 1 to September 30, 1972, directed by Yoshiyuki Tomino (in his directorial debut). Digital Manga successfully crowd-funded the U.S. release of the manga on Kickstarter in 2012.

Asahi Broadcasting Corporation
The Asahi Broadcasting Group Holdings Corporation (朝日放送グループホールディングス株式会社, Asahi Hōsō Gurūpu Hōrudingusu kabushiki gaisha; ABC) is a certified broadcasting holding company headquartered in Osaka, Japan. Until March 31, 2018, it was a unified radio and television broadcaster serving in the Kansai region.
On April 1, 2018, its radio and television broadcasting divisions were spun off into two subsidiaries, with Asahi Radio Broadcasting Corporation taking over the radio broadcasting business, and Asahi Television Broadcasting Corporation took over television broadcasting.
Terry Farrell (politician)
Terry Farrell (born December 19, 1960) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2013 provincial election. A member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party, he represented the electoral district of Cumberland North until his defeat in 2017.

Nova Scotia Liberal Party
The Nova Scotia Liberal Party (officially the Liberal Association of Nova Scotia) is a centrist provincial political party in Nova Scotia, Canada and the provincial section of the Liberal Party of Canada. The party currently holds two seats in the Legislature, under the interim leadership of Iain Rankin. The party was in power most recently from the 2013 election until the 2021 election.

The party is the only party in the province with uninterrupted presence in the legislature since confederation. It has formed the Government of Nova Scotia for 90 of the approximately 160 years since it became a province of Canada. It won 25 of the province's 42 elections, but was supplanted by the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party as the official opposition for three consecutive elections in 1999, 2003 and 2006, and again in the most recent election in 2024.
Thomas Ankersmit
Thomas Ankersmit (born 1979, Leiden, Netherlands) is a musician and installation artist based in Berlin and Amsterdam.

His main instrument, both live and in the studio, is the Serge analogue modular synthesizer.

Physical and psychoacoustic phenomena such as sound reflections, infrasonic vibration, otoacoustic emissions, and highly directional projections of sound have been an important part of his work since the early 2000s.
His electronic music is also characterized by a deliberate misuse of the equipment, using feedback and disruptions in the signal to create many of the sounds.

Ankersmit frequently collaborates with New York-based minimalist composer Phill Niblock, electroacoustic improviser Valerio Tricoli and noise artist Kevin Drumm.

During the first ten years of his activities, Ankersmit focussed almost exclusively on live performance and installation work. 
Since 2010, his music has been released on the PAN, Touch and Ash International labels.

Otoacoustic emission
An otoacoustic emission (OAE) is a sound that is generated from within the inner ear. Having been predicted by Austrian astrophysicist Thomas Gold in 1948, its existence was first demonstrated experimentally by British physicist David Kemp in 1978, and otoacoustic emissions have since been shown to arise through a number of different cellular and mechanical causes within the inner ear. Studies have shown that OAEs disappear after the inner ear has been damaged, so OAEs are often used in the laboratory and the clinic as a measure of inner ear health.

Broadly speaking, there are two types of otoacoustic emissions: spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs), which occur without external stimulation, and evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs), which require an evoking stimulus.
Halter
A halter or headcollar is headgear placed on animals used to lead or tie up livestock and, occasionally, other animals; it fits behind the ears (behind the poll), and around the muzzle.  To handle the animal, usually a lead rope is attached.  On smaller animals, such as dogs, a  leash is attached to the halter.

Snout
A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals, the structure is called a muzzle, rostrum, beak, trunk or proboscis. The wet furless surface around the nostrils of the nose of many mammals is called the rhinarium (colloquially this is the "cold wet snout" of some mammals). The rhinarium is often associated with a stronger sense of olfaction.
Heinrich Sievers
Heinrich Sievers (20 August 1908 – 17 September 1999) was a German musicologist, music critic, university lecturer, and conductor. He was regarded as an authority on the history of music in Hanover and Lower Saxony, and wrote music-historical monographs in English and Finnish publications.

Facsimile
A facsimile (from Latin fac simile, "to make alike") is a copy or reproduction of an old book, manuscript, map, art print, or other item of historical value that is as true to the original source as possible. It differs from other forms of reproduction by attempting to replicate the source as accurately as possible in scale, color, condition, and other material qualities. For books and manuscripts, this also entails a complete copy of all pages; hence, an incomplete copy is a "partial facsimile". Facsimiles are sometimes used by scholars to research a source that they do not have access to otherwise, and by museums and archives for media preservation and conservation. Many are sold commercially, often accompanied by a volume of commentary.

The term "fax" is a shortened form of "facsimile", though most faxes are not reproductions of the quality expected in a true facsimile.