hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barfoot Lookout Complex
Barfoot Lookout Complex was a forest lookout situated on Buena Vista Peak in the Douglas Ranger District in the Chiricahua Mountains in Cochise County, Arizona.  It was built in 1935. It is hypothesized to have been built by members of the Civilian Conservation Corps.  The complex consisted of a 14 foot by 14 foot lookout house, shed, privy, concrete cistern, and a native stone retaining wall.  When it was designated by the NHRP, none of the structures had received any modifications since they had been built.  The complex was approximately 80 feet by 80 feet, with the retaining wall along the west edge of the boundary.

The structure was destroyed in the Horseshoe 2 Fire in 2011.

Cochise County, Arizona
Cochise County (/koʊˈtʃiːs/ koh-CHEESS) is a county in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Arizona. It is named after Cochise, a Chiricahua Apache, who was a key war leader during the Apache Wars.

Its population was 125,447 at the 2020 census. The county seat is Bisbee and the most populous city is Sierra Vista.

Cochise County includes the Sierra Vista-Douglas, Arizona metropolitan statistical area. The county borders southwestern New Mexico and the northwestern Mexican state of Sonora.
Golek pri Vinici
Golek pri Vinici (pronounced [ˈɡoːlək pɾi ˈʋiːnitsi]; German: Golek bei Weinitz) is a settlement north of Vinica in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

White Carniola
White Carniola (Slovene: Bela krajina; Croatian: Bela krajina; German: Weißkrain or Weiße Mark) is a traditional region in southeastern Slovenia on the border with Croatia. Due to its smallness, it is often considered a subunit of the broader Lower Carniola region, although with distinctive cultural, linguistic, and historical features.

Due to its proximity with Croatia, White Carniola shares many cultural and linguistic features with the neighboring Kajkavian Croatian areas. It is generally considered the Slovenian region with the closest cultural affinity with other South Slavic territories. It was part of Slavonia until the 12th century, after which it shared the historical fate with the Windic March and Lower Carniola to the north. During the 19th century, it was one of the regions with the highest emigration rate in the Slovene Lands, and the Austrian Empire in general. During World War II, it was an important center of anti-Fascist resistance in Slovenia.
Chhataul
Chhotaul  is a village development committee in Sarlahi District in the Janakpur Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,437 people living in 610 individual households.

Sarlahi District
Sarlahi (Nepali: सर्लाही Listenⓘ) is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Being one of eight districts of Madhesh Province, it is an Outer Terai district, which borders Rautahat district to the west, Mahottari district to the east, Sindhuli district to the north, and the Indian state of Bihar to the south. The district, with Malangwa as its headquarter, covers an area of 1,259 km2 (486 sq mi) and has a population of 862,470 in 2021.
East Lansing Public Schools
East Lansing Public Schools is a public school district in Ingham County, Michigan. It serves much of East Lansing, portions of Lansing and Haslett, and portions of Lansing Charter Township and Meridian Charter Township. A portion of the district is in Clinton County, where it serves portions of the parts of East Lansing in the county, as well as sections of Bath Charter Township.

Ingham County, Michigan
Ingham County (/ˈɪŋəm/ ING-um) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 284,900. The county seat is Mason. Lansing, the state capital of Michigan, is largely located within the county. Lansing is the only state capital in the United States located in a county of which it is not also the seat of government. The county is home to Michigan State University, Lansing Community College, and the Class A minor league baseball team Lansing Lugnuts. Ingham County is included in the Lansing–East Lansing, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is considered to be a part of Mid Michigan.
Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone
The Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone, part of the Sochi Agreement (Turkish: Soçi Mutabakatı, Russian: Сочинское соглашение), was a buffer zone in northern Syria between the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) and the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF). It was set up following a memorandum of understanding in the Russian city of Sochi on 22 October 2019 by the Russian and Turkish presidents during the 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria. Most of the zone is controlled by the Syrian Army and Russian Military Police, and some by the TAF.

Qamishli
Qamishli (Kurdish: قامیشلۆ, romanized: Qamişlo; Arabic: القامشلي, romanized: al-Qamishli; Syriac: ܩܡܫܠܝ) is a city in northeastern Syria on the Syria–Turkey border, adjoining the city of Nusaybin in Turkey. The Jaghjagh River flows through the city. With a 2004 census population of 184,231, it is the ninth most-populous city in Syria and the second-largest in Al-Hasakah Governorate after Al-Hasakah. Qamishli has traditionally been a Christian Assyrian majority city, but is now predominantly populated by Kurds with large numbers of Arabs and Assyrians and a smaller number of Armenians. It is 680 kilometres (420 mi) northeast of Damascus.

The city is the administrative capital of the Qamishli District in Al-Hasakah Governorate, and the administrative center of Qamishli Subdistrict, consisting of 92 localities with a combined population of 232,095 in 2004. Qamishli was the de facto capital of the DAANES, until it was moved to Ayn Issa.
Macy's Great Tree
The Macy's Great Tree (previously the Rich's Great Tree and briefly the Great Tree at Macy's) was a large 70–90-foot (21–27 m) tall cut pine Christmas tree displayed by Rich's (and later Macy's) that was an Atlanta tradition since its start in 1948. The last time the tree was put up was in 2022.

In 2013, the tree was replaced by a much smaller artificial one in the parking lot, which was then moved back to the roof for 2014.

Underground Atlanta
Underground Atlanta is a shopping and entertainment district in the Five Points neighborhood of downtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States, near the Five Points MARTA station. It is currently undergoing redevelopment into a mixed-use complex. First opened in 1969, it takes advantage of the viaducts built over the city's many railroad tracks to accommodate later automobile traffic.
Linking verb
In traditional grammar and guide books, a linking verb is a verb that describes the subject by connecting it to a predicate adjective or predicate noun (collectively known as subject complements).

Linking verbs include copulas such as the English verb be and its various forms, as well as verbs of perception such as look, sound, or taste and some other verbs that describe the subject, such as seem, become, or remain. In addition to predicate adjectives and predicate nouns, English allows for predicate prepositional phrases as well: John is behind the cocktail cabinet.

The following sentences include linking verbs.

Roses are red.

The detective felt sick.

The soup tasted weird.

Frankenstein's monster resembles a zombie.

He quickly grew tired.

You are becoming a nuisance.

Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.
Afrosciadium gossweileri
Afrosciadium gossweileri is a member of the carrot family, Apiaceae. It is a perennial tuberous herb, endemic to subtropical Angola.

Afrosciadium gossweileri was previously classified as Peucedanum gossweileri before the genus Afrosciadium was established in 2008.

Peucedanum
Peucedanum is a genus of flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae. Peucedanum boasts a global presence with diverse spread of morphological features. Peucedanum species are characterized by dorsally compressed mericarps, slightly prominent dorsal ribs, narrowly winged lateral ribs, and a broad commissure. However, the vast diversity of morphology, fruit forms, and phytochemical production makes classifying species in the Peucedanum challenging. Historically relevant in traditional medicine, Peucedanum's taxonomic complexity arises from its extensive diversity.

Peucedanum's taxonomy is being reshaped by novel genomic insights, prompting ongoing revisions with promising implications for ethnopharmacological research and the broader understanding of plant biodiversity. These efforts hold potential for advancements in therapeutic discoveries and contribute to the ecological significance of this globally diverse genus.
Spoofing (anti-piracy measure)
Spoofing, or decoying, was a practice in the early 2000s of inundating online networks with bogus or incomplete files of the same name as valid content in an effort to reduce copyright infringement on file sharing networks.  In 2003, Cary Sherman, president of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), called spoofing "an appropriate response to the problem of peer-to-peer piracy," and "a self-help measure that is completely lawful."

Cary Sherman
Cary Sherman is the former chairman and CEO of the Recording Industry Association of America, an organization representing the nation’s major music labels. The trade group’s member companies are responsible for creating, manufacturing, or distributing approximately 85 percent of all legalized sound recordings sold in the United States.
Niagara County Tribune/Sentinel
The Niagara County Tribune/Sentinel is an American weekly newspaper serving Niagara County, New York. It was formed in 2020 through the merger of the Niagara-Wheatfield Tribune and the Lewiston-Porter Sentinel. It was founded by Skip Mazenauer and is published by Niagara Frontier Publications. It is considered a paper of record for Niagara County by the Niagara County Clerk's office.

Newspaper of record
A newspaper of record is a major national newspaper with large circulation whose editorial and news-gathering functions are considered authoritative and independent; they are thus "newspapers of record by reputation" and include some of the oldest and most widely respected newspapers in the world. The number and trend of "newspapers of record by reputation" is related to the state of press freedom and political freedom in a country.

It may also be a newspaper authorized to publish public or legal notices, thus serving as a newspaper of public record. A newspaper whose editorial content is directed by the state can be referred to as an official newspaper of record, but the lack of editorial independence means that it is not a "newspaper of record by reputation". Newspapers of record by reputation that focus on business can also be called newspapers of financial record.
2018 NCAA women's gymnastics tournament
The 2018 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championships were held April 20–21, 2018, at the Chaifetz Arena in St. Louis, Missouri. The UCLA Bruins were the team champions with a total of 198.075 points, defeating Alabama, Arkansas, California, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, LSU, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Utah, and Washington.

UCLA Bruins
The UCLA Bruins are the athletic teams that represent the University of California, Los Angeles. The Bruin men's and women's teams participate in NCAA Division I as part of the Big Ten Conference and the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation (MPSF). For football, they are in the Football Bowl Subdivision of Division I (formerly Division I-A). UCLA is second to only Stanford University as the school with the most NCAA team championships at 125 NCAA team championships. UCLA offers 11 varsity sports programs for men and 14 for women.
Nyan
Nyan may be the name of the following people:

Ba Nyan (1897–1945), Burmese painter

Chong Hon Nyan (born 1924), Malaysian politician

Dougbeh Chris Nyan, Liberian medic and activist

Nyan Boateng (born 1985), American football player

Nyan Gadsby-Dolly, Trinidad and Tobago politician

Nyan Tun Aung (born 1948), Burmese politician, Minister for Transport of Myanmar

Nyan Tun (born 1954), Burmese politician

Nyan Win (born 1953), Burmese politician, Chief Minister of Bago Region from 2011 to 2016

Nyan Win (NLD) (1942–2021), Burmese politician and Aung San Suu Kyi's personal attorney

Ousman Nyan (born 1975), Norwegian footballer

Nyan Tun
Thray Sithu Nyan Tun (Burmese: ဉာဏ်ထွန်း; born 12 January 1954) is a Burmese politician who served as a member of parliament in the House of Representatives for Zigon Township constituency from 31 March 2016 to 30 January 2021. He previously served as Second Vice President of Myanmar from 15 August 2012 to 30 March 2016. Previously, he was the commander-in-chief of the Myanmar Navy with the rank of admiral, retired in 2012. He was elected as Second Vice President of Myanmar on 15 August 2012 following the resignation of Tin Aung Myint Oo.
Coppia ferrarese
Coppia ferrarese (Italian: [ˈkɔppja ferraˈreːze, ˈkop-, -eːse]), also known as ciopa, ciupeta and pane ferrarese, is a type of sourdough bread made with flour, lard, malt, and olive oil, and has a twisted shape. It was first made around the thirteenth century in the Italian province of Ferrara. It has protected geographical indication (PGI) in the European Union status under European Union law, which was obtained in 2001.

Lard
Lard is a semi-solid white fat product obtained by rendering the fatty tissue of a pig. It is distinguished from tallow, a  similar product derived from fat of cattle or sheep.

Lard can be rendered by steaming, boiling, or dry heat. The culinary qualities of lard vary somewhat depending on the origin and processing method; if properly rendered, it may be nearly odorless and tasteless.  It has a high saturated fatty acid content and no trans fat. At retail, refined lard is usually sold as paper-wrapped blocks.

Many cuisines use lard as a cooking fat or shortening, or as a spread in the same ways as butter. It is an ingredient in various savoury dishes such as sausages, pâtés, and fillings. As a replacement for butter, it provides flakiness to pastry. In western cuisine, it has ceded its popularity to vegetable oils, but many cooks and bakers still favor it over other fats for certain uses.
Imagination Unlimited
Imagination Unlimited is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by Everett F. Bleiler and T. E. Dikty, first published in hardcover by Farrar, Straus & Young in 1952. As originally published, the anthology includes thirteen stories by various authors, with an introduction and four brief essays by the editors. In the UK The Bodley Head published the work as two separate anthologies in 1953, one, containing the first six stories, under the same title as the American edition and the other, containing the remaining seven stories, as Men of Space and Time. The anthology was also reprinted in an abridged paperback edition containing seven of the stories by Berkley Books in April, 1959. Only the original edition included the introduction and the essays.

Ten of the stories collected originally appeared in the magazine Astounding; the others came from Thrilling Wonder Stories, Imagination and Galaxy Science Fiction.

The Bodley Head
The Bodley Head is an English book publishing imprint of Penguin Random House. Founded in 1887 by John Lane and Elkin Mathews, The Bodley Head existed as an independent entity or as part of multiple consortia until it was acquired by Random House in 1987 alongside sister companies Jonathan Cape and Chatto & Windus. Random House used The Bodley Head as a children's book imprint until April 2008, when it was repositioned as an adult non-fiction imprint within the Vintage Books division.

The Bodley Head launched Penguin Books as an imprint in 1935, which John Lane spun off as an independent company the following year. The Bodley Head acquired several other imprints prior to the Random House acquisition, including Martin Hopkinson and Gerald Howe in 1941, Nonesuch Press in 1953, Werner Laurie in 1957, and Hollis & Carter in 1962.
Hektoria Glacier
Hektoria Glacier (65°3′S 61°31′W﻿ / ﻿65.050°S 61.517°W﻿ / -65.050; -61.517) is a glacier flowing south from the area around Mount Johnston between Mount Quandary and Zagreus Ridge into Vaughan Inlet next west of Brenitsa Glacier and east of Green Glacier, on the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula.

The name "Hektoria Fiords" was given by Sir Hubert Wilkins during his flight of 20 December 1928, after the SS Hektoria, which had brought him to Deception Island. Following survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1947, the feature could not be identified; however, during further survey by FIDS in 1955, Wilkins' "long ice-filled fiords" were found to be this glacier and two short unnamed ones.

Between early 2022 and mid 2023, the glacier retreated 25 km in 15 months, including 8 km in just two months in November and December 2022, by a factor of ten the fastest rate of glacier collapse ever observed.

Hubert Wilkins
Sir George Hubert Wilkins MC & Bar (31 October 1888 – 30 November 1958), commonly referred to as Captain Wilkins, was an Australian polar explorer, ornithologist, pilot, soldier, geographer, and photographer. He was awarded the Military Cross after he assumed command of a group of American soldiers who had lost their officers during the Battle of the Hindenburg Line, and became the only official Australian photographer from any war to receive a combat medal. He narrowly failed in an attempt to be the first to cross under the North Pole in a submarine, but was able to prove that submarines were capable of operating beneath the polar ice cap, thereby paving the way for future successful missions. The US Navy later took his ashes to the North Pole aboard the submarine USS Skate on 17 March 1959.
Leel Kalan
Leel Kalan is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India. It is located 18 kilometres (11 mi) from sub district headquarter, 36 kilometres (22 mi) from district headquarter and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Sri Hargobindpur. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village.

Gurdaspur district
Gurdaspur district is a district in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, India. Gurdaspur is the district headquarters. It internationally borders Narowal District of Pakistani Punjab, and the districts of Amritsar, Pathankot, Kapurthala and Hoshiarpur. Two main rivers Beas and Ravi passes through the district. The Mughal emperor Akbar is said to have been enthroned in a garden near Kalanaur, a historically important town in the district. The district is at the foothills of the Himalayas.

As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Punjab (out of 22), after Ludhiana and Amritsar. Batala, with 31% of the district's population, is its largest city.
Jewish–Ukrainian relations in Eastern Galicia
Eastern Galicia refers to the heartland of the medieval Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, currently spread over the provinces of Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, and Ternopil in modern western Ukraine. Along with Poles and Ukrainians, Jews were one of the three largest ethnic groups in Eastern Galicia with almost 900,000 people by 1910. From the late 18th century until the early 20th century, eastern Galicia had the largest concentration of Jews of any region in Europe.

Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Івано-Франківська область, romanized: Ivano-Frankivska oblast), also referred to as Ivano-Frankivshchyna (Івано-Франківщина) or simply Frankivshchyna, is an oblast (region) in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Ivano-Frankivsk. It has a population of 1,351,822 (2022 estimate).

The area, also known as Prykarpattia, was part of the historical region of Galicia, where the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia flourished. After World War I, the area became part of the Second Polish Republic and was administered as part of Stanisławów Voivodeship until the invasion of Poland. The area was annexed by the Soviet Union and was known as Stanislav Oblast until 1962, when its administrative center was renamed after the Ukrainian writer Ivan Franko. Kolomyia was a historical center of the oblast and remains a major cultural center of Pokuttia, the traditional name for the southern part of the oblast.
2018 Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2018 Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 3 May 2018 to elect members of Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections. Stockport Council is elected in thirds, which means that in each three member local ward, one councillor is elected every year, except every four years which is classed as a fallow year. The last fallow year was 2017, when no local government elections took place in the borough. Those councillors elected in 2018 will serve a four-year term, expiring in 2022. The election in Edgeley & Cheadle Heath was deferred, owing to the death of the Conservative candidate, until 24 May 2018.

After the election, the Labour minority administration that had governed since 2016 was able to continue in office, although without a majority the administrations budget was voted down in March 2019, the first time this had happened since the 1980s.

Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council
Stockport Metropolitan Borough Council (SMBC), also known as Stockport Council, is the local authority of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport in Greater Manchester, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the borough. The council has been a member of the Greater Manchester Combined Authority since 2011.

The council has been under no overall control since 2011. Since 2022 it has been led by a Liberal Democrat minority administration. The council meets at Stockport Town Hall and has additional offices in the adjoining Stopford House and Fred Perry House.