hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Lagganmore
The Battle of Lagganmore took place in 1646 at Lagganmore in Glen Euchar, west of Loch Scammadale. It was part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, though in this case the battle, which was fought largely between Highland clansmen, incorporated a long running feud between Clan MacDonald and  Clan Campbell.

The Royalist forces of Alasdair Mac Colla, supported by men of Clan MacDougall and Clan MacAulay, defeated the pro-government forces of the Campbells who were supported by Clan MacCallum.

Clan Malcolm
The Clan Malcolm, also known as the Clan MacCallum, is a Highland Scottish clan. The Clan MacCallum may have originally been a separate clan until the 18th century, when the chief of the Clan MacCallum adopted the name Malcolm after inheriting the Malcolm estate, and the two clans were drawn together under the same chief.
Starcadia
Starcadia is an EP by Joy Electric. The concept of Starcadia is based upon rides that have existed in Disneyland: Matterhorn Bobsleds, Space Mountain, Starcade, Submarine Voyage, and Carousel of Progress. Musically it was described as "more cosmic and spacey" than the band's prior releases.

Matterhorn Bobsleds
Matterhorn Bobsleds is an attraction that consists of a pair of intertwined steel roller coasters running through a fabricated mountain. It is located at Disneyland in Anaheim, California and is modeled after the Matterhorn, a mountain in the Alps on the border between Switzerland and Italy. It is the first known tubular steel track roller coaster. Located on the border between Tomorrowland and Fantasyland, it employs forced perspective to seem larger than its actual size.
Ukraine at the 1994 Goodwill Games
Ukraine competed at the 1994 Goodwill Games in Saint Petersburg, Russia, from 23 July to 7 August 1994 firstly after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Ukraine with Belarus was among the top-8 in the medal table.

Oleg Salenko, a Russian-Ukrainian footballer, represented World All-Stars in the soccer match against Russia, who defeated his team 2–1 to win the football competition.

Oleg Salenko
Oleg Anatolyevich Salenko (Russian: Оле́г Анато́льевич Сале́нко, Ukrainian: Олег Анатолійович Саленко; born 25 October 1969) is a Russian-Ukrainian former footballer who played as a forward. He scored a record five goals in a group-stage match in the 1994 World Cup, helping him earn the Golden Boot as joint-top tournament goalscorer.
Ente Veedu Appuvinteyum
Ente Veedu Appuvinteyum (transl.  My home also for Appu) is a 2003 Indian Malayalam-language family drama film directed by Sibi Malayil and produced by Prem Prakash. It was the debut movie as scriptwriters of brothers Bobby and Sanjay. The film starred Kalidas Jayaram, Jayaram, and Jyothirmayi in lead roles along with Kalashala Babu, Nedumudi Venu, Siddique, Salim Kumar, Vishnu Unnikrishnan, Shammi Thilakan, Sanusha, and K. P. A. C. Lalitha in supporting roles. It was remade in Tamil as Kannadi Pookal in 2005. Kalidas won the National Film Award for Best Child Artist for his performance in the film.

Jyothirmayi
Jyothirmayi is an Indian actress, television presenter, and former model, who worked in Malayalam cinema. Starting her career as a model, she ventured into television, working as an anchor and later starring in  numerous television shows. Post second marriage, she had been on a career break and as of 2024, she made a comeback through her husband Amal Neerad's film Bougainvillea.
Paludan
Paludan is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ann Paludan (1928–2014), British scholar of Chinese history, sculpture, and architecture

Frederik Paludan-Müller (1809–1876), Danish poet

Hans Paludan Smith Schreuder (1817–1882), Norwegian 19th century missionary to Zulu

Jens Theodor Paludan Vogt (1830–1892), Norwegian engineer

Johannes Paludan (1912–2001), Danish architect

Knud Paludan (1908–1988), Danish ornithologist

Phillip S. Paludan (1938–2007), historian

Rasmus Paludan (bishop) (1702–1759), Norwegian theologian and priest

Rasmus Paludan (born 1982), Danish politician

Frederik Paludan-Müller
Frederik Paludan-Müller (7 February 1809 – 27 December 1876) was a  Danish poet, the third son of Jens Paludan-Müller and born in Kerteminde, on the island of Funen.

In 1819 his father was transferred to Odense, and Frederik began to attend the Latin school there. In 1828 he passed to the University of Copenhagen. The poet lived a very retired life, first in Copenhagen, then for many years in a cottage on the outskirts of the royal park of Fredensborg, and finally in a house in Ny Adelgade, Copenhagen, where he died.
Paraburkholderia nodosa
Paraburkholderia nodosa is a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming, bacterium from the genus Paraburkholderia and the family Burkholderiaceae which was isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules from roots of Mimosa bimucronata and Mimosa scabrella.

Burkholderiaceae
The Burkholderiaceae are a family of bacteria included in the order Burkholderiales. It includes some pathogenic species, such as Burkholderia mallei (glanders) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis). This family was found to be enriched in scale-eating pupfish (Cyprinodon desquamator) guts, even after being fed a common laboratory diet, suggesting it may aid in scale-digestion (Heras and Martin 2022).
John Brand Sr. House
John Brand Sr. House is a historic home located at Elmira in Chemung County, New York.  It was built about 1870 and is a large 2+1⁄2-story, Italianate-style dwelling with a 2-story wing.  Also on the property is a concrete fountain basin with a reproduction Victorian fountainhead.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. It is located in the Maple Avenue Historic District.

Chemung County, New York
Chemung County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 84,148 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat is Elmira. Its name is derived from a Delaware Indian village whose name means "big horn" in the Seneca language. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Chemung County comprises the Elmira, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Elmira-Corning, NY Combined Statistical Area.

Many signs posted along roads in Chemung County refer to the area as "Mark Twain Country," because the noted author lived and wrote for many years in Elmira.
Bezirksoberliga Schwaben
The Bezirksoberliga Schwaben was the seventh tier of the German football league system in the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk of Swabia (German: Schwaben). Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the sixth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the fifth tier.

The league was disbanded at the end of the 2011–12 season, when major changes to the Bavarian football league system were carried out. Above the Bezirksoberligas, the Landesligas were expanded in number from three to five divisions and the Bezirke have two to three regional leagues, the Bezirksligas, as its highest level again, similar to the system in place until 1988.

Regionalliga
A Regionalliga (German pronunciation: [ʁeɡi̯oˈnaːlˌliːɡa], plural Regionalligen) is a regional league in numerous sports governing bodies in Germany, Austria and Switzerland, usually located in the upper or middle tiers of the sports leagues.

The term is often associated with the German football league system where it is the fourth tier or one of the three divisions of Regionalliga in Austria, which represent the third tier in that country. Until 1974, Regionalliga was the second tier in Germany. In 1994, it was reintroduced as the third tier. Upon the creation of the new Germany-wide 3. Liga in 2008, it became the fourth tier. While all of the clubs in the top three divisions of German football are professional, the Regionalliga has a mixture of professional and semi-professional clubs.
Montijo, Portugal
Montijo (Portuguese pronunciation: [mõˈtiʒu] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Setúbal District in Portugal. Its name was Aldeia Galega do Ribatejo or simply Aldeia Galega until 1930. The population in 2021 was 55,732, in an area of 348.62 km2. The city of Montijo proper had a population of 25,719 in 2001.

It is one of the few municipalities in Portugal without territorial continuity; that is, its component parts are not conjoined. It is located in the Lisbon metropolitan area.

Lisbon metropolitan area
The Lisbon metropolitan area (Portuguese: Área metropolitana de Lisboa; abbreviated as AML) is a metropolitan area in Portugal centered on Lisbon, the capital and largest city of the country. The metropolitan area, covering 17 cities in 18 municipalities, is the largest urban area in the country and the 11th largest in the European Union, with a population in 2024 of 3,005,119 in an area of 3,015.24 km².

The Lisbon Metropolitan Area has the largest GDP (€106 billion) of any metropolitan area in Portugal. The region is home to the largest tech hub in the country and a majority of Portugal's major multinational corporations by revenue are based there.
Hyperbolic quaternion
In abstract algebra, the algebra of hyperbolic quaternions is a nonassociative algebra over the real numbers with elements of the form

where the squares of i, j, and k are +1 and distinct elements of {i, j, k} multiply with the anti-commutative property.

The four-dimensional algebra of hyperbolic quaternions incorporates some of the features of the older and larger algebra of biquaternions. They both contain subalgebras isomorphic to the split-complex number plane. Furthermore, just as the quaternion algebra H can be viewed as a union of complex planes, so the hyperbolic quaternion algebra is a pencil of planes of split-complex numbers sharing the same real line.

It was Alexander Macfarlane who promoted this concept in the 1890s as his Algebra of Physics, first through the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1891, then through his 1894 book of five Papers in Space Analysis, and in a series of lectures at Lehigh University in 1900.

Lehigh University
Lehigh University (LU) is a private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States. The university was established in 1865 by businessman Asa Packer. Lehigh University's undergraduate programs have been coeducational since the 1971–72 academic year. As of 2022, the university had 5,911 undergraduate students and 1,781 graduate students. The university is classified as "Doctoral Universities R1: Very High Research Activity".
Juan Huerta Montero
Juan Huerta Montero (21 February 1964 – 3 September 2010) was a Mexican politician from the National Action Party (PAN). From 2009 to 2010 he sat in the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Guanajuato's 1st district during the 61st session of Congress.

On 3 September 2010, Huerta and a fellow deputy, Guillermo Zavaleta Rojas, died in a plane crash near Bahías de Huatulco International Airport in Oaxaca.
He was replaced for the remainder of his congressional term by his alternate, Aránzazu Quintana Padilla.

LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXI Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 61st session of the Congress of Mexico, met from 1 September 2009 to 31 August 2012. Members of the upper house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2006 while members of the lower house of the Congress were selected in the elections of July 2009.
Appalachian Trail by state
The Appalachian National Scenic Trail spans 14 U.S. states over its roughly 2,200 miles (3,500 km): Georgia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine. The southern end is at Springer Mountain, Georgia, and it follows the ridgeline of the Appalachian Mountains, crossing many of its highest peaks and running almost continuously through wilderness before reaching the northern end at Mount Katahdin, Maine.

The trail is currently protected along more than 99 percent of its course by federal or state land ownership or right-of-way. Annually, more than 4,000 volunteers contribute over 175,000 hours to maintain the trail, an effort coordinated largely by the Appalachian Trail Conservancy (ATC), assisted by some thirty trail clubs and multiple partnerships.

Holston Mountain
Holston Mountain is a mountain ridge in Upper East Tennessee and southwest Virginia, in the United States. It is in the Blue Ridge Mountains part of the Appalachian Mountains. Holston Mountain is a very prominent ridge-type mountain in Tennessee's Ridge and Valley Region, about 28 miles (45 km) long, running from southwest to northeast, covering about 268 square miles (690 km2). Its highest summit is Holston High Point, on which a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) aircraft navigational beacon is located, at an elevation of 4,280 feet (1,300 m) above mean sea level. The second and third highest points are Rye Patch Knob, at 4,260 feet (1,300 m) above mean sea level and Rich Knob, at 4,240 (1,292.3 m) above mean sea level respectively. The fourth highest point is Holston High Knob where an old dismantled Cherokee National Forest fire tower (now a Communications Tower) marks the elevation at 4,136 feet (1,261 m) above mean sea level.
Kaimei Maru
Kaimei Maru was a cargo steamship. She was launched in Hong Kong in 1919 as War Bomber, a War Standard ship for the UK Shipping Controller. Soon after she was completed, Lloyd Royal Belge bought her, renamed her Pionier, and registered her in Belgium. In 1930, Compagnie Maritime Belge (CMB) took over Lloyd Royal Belge, and Pionier became part of CMB's enlarged fleet. In 1939, Agencia Marítima Carmar, Limitada bought Pionier, renamed her Carmar, and registered her in Panama.

In 1941, Kaiyo Kisen KK bought Carmar, renamed her Kaimei Maru, and registered her in Japan. That November, the Imperial Japanese Army requisitioned her as a troopship. That December, she took part in the Japanese invasion of the Philippines. In 1942, Tochigi Shoji KK acquired Kaimei Maru from Kaiyo Kisen KK. In September 1942, a United States Navy submarine sank Kaimei Maru off the coast of Japan, killing ten of the steamship's crew.

Shipping Controller
Shipping Controller was a post created by the Lloyd George Coalition Government in 1916 under the New Ministries and Secretaries Act (6 & 7 George 5 c.68) to regulate and organize merchant shipping in order to supply the United Kingdom with the materials to fight the war following severe losses.
Abdul Hamid Makhkamov
Abdul Hamid Makhkamov (born 11 February 1976) is an Uzbekistani former professional tennis player.

Makhkamov had best world rankings of 688 in singles and 345 in doubles. He featured in three editions of the President's Cup in Tashkent, including the singles main draw in 1997. As a doubles player he won one ITF Futures title and was runner-up at the 2001 Togliatti Challenger. He has served as non playing captain of the Uzbekistan Davis Cup team.

ITF Men's World Tennis Tour
The ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (formerly ITF Men's Circuit) is a series of professional tennis tournaments held around the world that are organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).  The tour represents the lowest rung of the men's professional tennis ladder.  ITF tournaments are incorporated into the ATP rankings, enabling young professionals to progress on to the ATP Challenger Tour and ultimately the full ATP Tour.  Nearly every professional male player has spent some time on the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour.
Sabella (company)
Sabella SAS was a French company which developed and manufactured tidal stream turbines. It was a SME, founded in 2008, and based in Quimper, Brittany.

Sabella tested two turbines at sea. Firstly, the D03 in the Odet estuary between 2008 and 2009, which was the first tidal stream turbine connected to the French electricity grid. They then developed and tested the larger, commercial-scale, D10 turbine from 2015 onwards in the Fromveur Passage. As of October 2024, it remains operational, although operated by Inyanga Marine Energy Group.

The Sabella company was placed into receivership in October 2023, and liquidated on 19 January 2024 by the Commercial Court of Quimper.

Bpifrance
Bpifrance also known as the Banque publique d'investissement (lit. '[French] Public Investment Bank') is a French public sector investment bank. It is a joint venture of two state owned enterprises: the Caisse des dépôts et consignations and EPIC Bpifrance Group (formerly EPIC OSEO).

The former subsidiary of EPIC OSEO, OSEO S.A., became a subsidiary of Bpifrance known as Bpifrance Financement.

Bpifrance has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank.
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
The European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering clinical microbiology and infectious diseases. It was established in 1982 as the European Journal of Clinical Microbiology obtaining its current title in 1987. The founding editor was Ilja Braveny. The editor-in-chief is Laurent Poirel. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media.

Infectious diseases (medical specialty)
Infectious diseases (ID), also known as infectiology, is a medical specialty dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of infections. An infectious diseases specialist's practice consists of managing nosocomial (healthcare-acquired) infections or community-acquired infections. An ID specialist investigates and determines the cause of a disease (bacteria, virus, parasite, fungus or prions). Once the cause is known, an ID specialist can then run various tests to determine the best drug to treat the disease. While infectious diseases have always been around, the infectious disease specialty did not exist until the late 1900s after scientists and physicians in the 19th century paved the way with research on the sources of infectious disease and the development of vaccines.
Jim Furyk
James Michael Furyk (born May 12, 1970) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and the PGA Tour Champions. In 2010, he was the FedEx Cup champion and PGA Tour Player of the Year. He has won one major championship, the 2003 U.S. Open. Furyk holds the record for the lowest score in PGA Tour history, a round of 58 which he shot during the final round of the 2016 Travelers Championship, and has earned notoriety for his unorthodox golf swing.

In September 2006 he reached a career high of second in the Official World Golf Ranking. He ranked in the top-10 for over 440 weeks between 1999 and 2016.

FedEx Cup
The FedEx Cup is the championship trophy for the PGA Tour.  Its introduction in 2007 marked the first time that men's professional golf had a playoff system. Since its inception, the competition has been sponsored by FedEx. In 2022, the PGA Tour added the FedEx St. Jude Championship to the tournament, expanding the partnership with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital as the tournament's designated charity.

The FedEx Cup is a season long competition. Points are awarded based on finishing position in all PGA Tour sanctioned tournaments. The leading points earners throughout the regular season qualify for the playoffs. Players are further eliminated after each of the first two playoff events, with the leading 30 points earners qualifying for the Tour Championship.

Tommy Fleetwood is the current champion, after he won the Tour Championship in 2025.

Rory McIlroy has the most titles with three. The only other player to win multiple FedEx Cups is Tiger Woods, with two.
Theomorphism
Theomorphism, from Greek θεος, theos (God) and μορφη, morphē (shape or form) is the early Christian heresy that states that change in the divine  nature is possible. It is most commonly used to refer to the idea that the nature of God the Son changed at the moment of the Incarnation, so that he was no longer God. This opinion came about because of controversy about whether God the Son was capable of causing pain without a physical body.

Cyril, patriarch of Alexandria in the early fifth century, criticizes this belief in his letter to the Byzantine emperor Theodosius II concerning the heresies of the time. A related belief mentioned by Cyril as also being a form of Theomorphism is the idea that humanity can attain godhood, which he similarly condemns.

Heresy in Christianity
Heresy in Christianity denotes the formal denial or doubt of a core doctrine of the Christian faith as defined by one or more of the Christian churches.

As Christianity became established as a church, it defined orthodoxy and combated deviation from it by developing ecclesiastical, universal, and ecumenical councils. Excommunication, inquisition, and execution (by civil authorities) were used against heretics who refused to recant, and major heresies were sometimes dealt with by military crusades. With the growth of toleration and ecumenicalism, inquisitions have been abandoned.

The first Christian executed for heresy was Priscillian in 385 CE, and the last was Cayetano Ripoll, (accused of Deism) in 1826 CE.
Some notable heresies in Christian history have been Arianism, Marcionism, Donatism, Catharism, Docetism, Gnosticism, Pelagianism, Conciliarism, and Lollardy.
Deadly Visions
Deadly Visions is a 2004 made-for-television film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Gordon Currie, Sarah Deakins, Philip Granger, Haili Page and Frida Betrani. It was directed by Michael Scott and written by John Murlowski.

The film is also known as Possessed (the USA DVD title) and Transplant (the Canadian working title).

Michael M. Scott
Michael M. Scott (born 1955) is an American film director, producer and documentary filmmaker. He is best known as producer and film director for Dangerous Lies, Cedar Cove (2013), Trading Christmas (2011), The Most Wonderful Time of the Year (2008) and other films.
József Kürschák
József Kürschák (14 March 1864 – 26 March 1933) was a Hungarian mathematician noted for his work on trigonometry and for his creation of the theory of valuations. He proved that every valued field can be embedded into a complete valued field which is algebraically closed. In 1918 he proved that the sum of reciprocals of consecutive natural numbers is never a natural number. Extending Hilbert's argument, he proved that everything that can be constructed using a ruler and a compass, can be constructed by using a ruler and the ability to copy a fixed segment. He was elected a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1897. He was one of the main organisers of mathematics competitions, for example, Eötvös Loránd mathematics competition.

Algebraically closed field
In mathematics, a field F is algebraically closed if every non-constant polynomial with coefficients in F has a root in F. In other words, a field is algebraically closed if the fundamental theorem of algebra holds for it.  For example, the field of real numbers is not algebraically closed because the polynomial  has no real roots, while the field of complex numbers is algebraically closed.

Every field  is contained in an algebraically closed field  and the roots in  of the polynomials with coefficients in  form an algebraically closed field called an algebraic closure of  Given two algebraic closures of  there are isomorphisms between them that fix the elements of

Algebraically closed fields appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields