hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Buffalo Mailer
John Buffalo Mailer (born April 16, 1978) is an American author, playwright, actor, film producer, and journalist. The youngest child of novelist Norman Mailer and author Norris Church Mailer, he has written for prominent publications, including Playboy, New York Magazine, and The American Conservative. In addition to his journalism, Mailer has authored several plays, co-founded the New York theater company Back House Productions, and acted in various films, notably Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (2010). His works often address complex social themes, blending cultural critique with dramatic storytelling.

J. Michael Lennon
J. Michael Lennon is an American academic and writer who is the Emeritus Professor of English at Wilkes University and the late Norman Mailer’s archivist and authorized biographer. He published Mailer's official biography Norman Mailer: A Double Life in 2013. He edited Mailer's selected letters in 2014 and the Library of America's two-volume set Norman Mailer: The Sixties in 2018.
Planning and development in Detroit
Planning and development in Detroit since the late 20th century has attempted to enhance the economy and quality of life of Detroit, Michigan, United States. In 1970, the private group Detroit Renaissance began to facilitate development in the city. Its successor, Business Leaders for Michigan, has continued to facilitate development into the 21st century. Projects have included new commercial facilities, revitalization of neighborhoods, hospitality infrastructure, and improvements to recreational and public facilities, such as the QLine light rail project.

Cadillac Place
Cadillac Place, formerly the General Motors Building, is a landmark high-rise office complex located at 3044 West Grand Boulevard (between Cass and Second Streets), in the New Center area of Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was renamed for the Royal French founder of the earlier French / British settlements of the Fort Detroit and subsequent City of Detroit, by Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac (1658–1730). It is a National Historic Landmark in Michigan, listed in 1985.
Svetlana Kiseliova
Svitlana Ivanivna Kyselyova (Ukrainian: Світлана Іванівна Кисельова; born 25 August 1971) is a Ukrainian dressage rider.  She represented Ukraine at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the individual dressage, finishing 46th.

Equestrian at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Individual dressage
The individual dressage in equestrian at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held at Greenwich Park from 2 to 9 August. Great Britain's Charlotte Dujardin won the gold medal and Laura Bechtolsheimer the bronze. The silver was won by Adelinde Cornelissen of the Netherlands.
Richard Wellesley (1787–1831)
Richard Wellesley (22 April 1787 – 1 March 1831) was an Anglo-Irish Member of Parliament.

He was the illegitimate son of Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley and his mistress (later wife) Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Roland and educated at Eton College (1800), Christ Church, Oxford (1805), and Lincoln's Inn (1808).

He represented Queenborough in Parliament from 1810 to 1812, East Grinstead from January to March 1812, and Ennis from 1820 to 1826. He was appointed one of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury from January to June 1812 and Commissioner of Stamp Duties from 1812 to his death.

He married in 1821, Jane Eliza, the daughter of George Chambers of Hartford, Huntingdonshire. They had 4 sons and a daughter.

His papers are held at the University of Southampton.

Ennis (UK Parliament constituency)
Ennis is a former United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one MP. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801.
Manos Mavrikakis
Manos Mavrikakis is a Greek–American chemical engineer. He is the Paul A. Elfers Professor and the Vilas Distinguished Achievement Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Mavrikakis is an elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Physical Society, and American Vacuum Society.

American Vacuum Society
AVS: Science and Technology of Materials, Interfaces, and Processing (formally the American Vacuum Society, Inc.) is a professional and scientific society founded in 1953 as a committee on vacuum technology. The AVS supports networking among its approximately 4,500 worldwide members who include representatives of academia, industry, and government. As a member society of the American Institute of Physics, AVS functions as an association of professionals in the scientific disciplines of materials, interfaces, and processing.

The society organizes events, including an annual symposium, and publishes multiple journals, including the Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology (both sections A and B). Additionally, the AVS is a member of the International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Applications.
Doug Hollie
Doug Hollie (born December 15, 1960) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected in the third round (74th overall) of the 1984 Supplemental Draft by the Detroit Lions. He played for the Pittsburgh Maulers in 1984, the Oakland Invaders in 1985 and for the Seattle Seahawks from 1987 to 1988.

Oakland Invaders
The Oakland Invaders were a professional American football team that played in the United States Football League (USFL) from 1983 through 1985.  Based in Oakland, California, they played at the Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum.

The team can trace its history to 1977 when they played in the California Football League as the Twin Cities Cougars, and won four league championships (1979–1982). During that time, they played their home games at the Marysville High School field.
Ghana Premier League
The Ghana Premier League is the top professional association football league in Ghana organized by the Ghana Football Association and formed in 1958 to replace a previous league incarnation, the Gold Coast Club Competition which ran from 1933 to 1953–54. As of the first quarter of 2024, the league was ranked as the 8th best league in Africa by TeamForm.com.

Asante Kotoko is the most successful team in the league with 25 titles, followed by Accra Hearts of Oak with 20. The bottom 3 teams are relegated at the end of each season and placed in each zone of the Ghanaian Division One League.

The 2019–20 season was halted and eventually cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana that mirrored the cause of postponement or cancellation of association football leagues and competitions across the globe.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football
The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruption to association football (also known as soccer) across the world, mirroring its impact across all sports. Across the world to varying degrees, leagues and competitions had been cancelled or postponed.
Constantine Cable Car
The Constantine Gondola lift (French: Télécabine de Constantine) is a gondola lift, situated in Constantine in Algeria. It carries commuters through the gorges of the Rhumel River to link the eastern part of the city at the place Tatache Belkacem (formerly rue Thiers) to the west in the city Emir Abdelkader, to the University Hospital Ben Badis. Opened in June 2008, it has 33 detachable cabins with 15 seats each, connecting the two terminals in 8 minutes and can carry up to 2,000 people per hour.

Constantine, Algeria
Constantine (Arabic: قسنطينة, romanized: Qusanṭīnah), also spelled Qacentina or Kasantina, is the capital of Constantine Province in northeastern Algeria. During Roman times it was called Cirta and was renamed "Constantina" in honour of Emperor Constantine the Great. Located somewhat inland, Constantine is about 80 kilometres (50 miles) from the Mediterranean coast, on the banks of the Rhumel River.

Constantine is regarded as the capital of eastern Algeria and the commercial centre of its region and has a population of about 450,000 (938,475 with the agglomeration), making it the third largest city in the country after Algiers and Oran. There are several museums and historical sites located around the city. Constantine is often referred to as the "City of Bridges" because of the numerous picturesque bridges connecting the various hills, valleys, and ravines that the city is built on and around.

Constantine was named the Arab Capital of Culture in 2015.
2019 Women's Tour Down Under
The 2019 Women's Tour Down Under (officially the 2019 Santos Women's Tour Down Under for sponsorship reasons) was the 4th edition of the Women's Tour Down Under. It began on 10 January in Hahndorf and concluded on 13 January in Adelaide.

The race was won by Australian rider Amanda Spratt of Mitchelton-Scott, who claimed victory for a third year in a row. Spratt won the race 49 seconds ahead of fellow Mitchelton-Scott rider Lucy Kennedy, who was followed by third place finisher Rachel Neylan of UniSA–Australia. Meanwhile, Sarah Roy of Mitchelton-Scott won the sprints classification, Jaime Gunning of Specialized Women's Racing won the youth classification, and Italian rider Nadia Quagliotto of Alé–Cipollini secured the mountain classification.

UniSA–Australia
UniSA–Australia is an Australian cycling team sponsored by the University of South Australia, entering young Australian riders in the Tour Down Under stage race held in late January in and around Adelaide.
Weinmann
Weinmann is a German surname meaning "vine man". Notable people with the surname include:

Ariel Weinmann (born 1984), U.S. Navy Seaman Recruit guilty of espionage and desertion

Johann Anton Weinmann (1782–1858), German botanist and mycologist

Leon Weinmann (born 1972), American poet and scholar

Markus Weinmann (born 1974), German agricultural scientist

Nico Weinmann (born 1972), German politician

Jeanne Fox Weinmann (1874–1962), American clubwoman

Leon Weinmann
Leon Weinmann (/lee-ən wáynmən/ born September 15, 1972, in Hartford, Connecticut) is an American poet and scholar. He has taught at various universities such as Southern Connecticut State University, the University of New Haven, and Quinnipiac University.
Juan River
The Juan River (Chinese: 涓水), also known as Baiguo River (Chinese: 白果河), Yisu River (Chinese: 易俗河) and Xingle River (Chinese: 兴乐江), is a left-bank tributary in the middle reaches of the Xiang River in Hunan, China.

The river rises in the Changshan Mountains (Chinese: 昌山) of Shuangfeng County, and its main stream runs generally southwest to northeast through Shuangfeng, Hengshan and Xiangtan counties, joining the Xiang at Yisuhe of Xiangtan. The Juan River has a length of 103 kilometres (64 mi), and its drainage basin covers an area of 1,764 square kilometres (681 sq mi).

Xiangtan
Xiangtan (Chinese: 湘潭) is a prefecture-level city in east-central Hunan province, south-central China. The hometowns of several founding leaders of the Chinese Communist Party, including Chairman Mao Zedong, President Liu Shaoqi, and Marshal Peng Dehuai, are in Xiangtan's administration, as well as the hometowns of Qing dynasty  and republic era painter Qi Baishi, scholar-general Zeng Guofan, and tennis player Peng Shuai.

Xiangtan forms a part of the Greater Changsha Metropolitan Region with Changsha as the core city along with Zhuzhou, also known as Changzhutan City Cluster, one of the core cities in Central China.

Xiangtan is one of the top 200 cities in the world by scientific research outputs, as tracked by the Nature Index. It is home to Xiangtan University, a Double First-Class Construction university, and two provincial key public universities of Hunan Institute of Engineering and Hunan University of Science and Technology, as well as a high-tech industrial development zone.
Mahmoud Al Sayed
Mahmoud Al Sayed (born May 10, 1985, in Alexandria) is an Egyptian footballer (soccer) goalkeeper, who plays for Pharco FC.

In July 2015, Mahmoud made his debut with El Ittihad Alexandria in 2014–15 Egyptian Premier League match against Smouha SC.

2014–15 Egyptian Premier League
The 2014–15 Egyptian Premier League was the 56th season of the Egyptian Premier League, the top Egyptian professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1948. The season started on 15 September 2014 and concluded on 3 August 2015.
Toma cheese
Toma is a soft or semi-hard Italian cow's milk cheese, noted for its excellent melting qualities. It is made primarily in the Aosta Valley (it is one of the region's specialties) and Piedmont regions of Italy. Toma varies with region and locale of production, and is closely related to the French tomme.

The toma piemontese variety from Piedmont has protected designation of origin (PDO) status under EU legislation, while the toma di Gressoney or tomme de Gressoney (French), produced in the Gressoney Valley, is officially recognized as a prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale (PAT) and is included in the Ark of Taste catalogue of heritage foods.

Toma is not very common in central and southern Italy, with Basilicata as the only main producer. Toma Lucana is also recognized as a prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale.

It can have a fat content of 45%–52%.

Protected designation of origin
The protected designation of origin (PDO) is a type of geographical indication of the European Union aimed at preserving the designations of origin of food-related products. The designation was created in 1992 and its main purpose is to designate products that have been produced, processed and developed in a specific geographical area, using the recognized know-how of local producers and ingredients from the region concerned.
Steve Griffiths (rugby union)
Steve Griffiths (born 4 August 1973 in Morecambe, England) is an English born former Scotland A international rugby union player who played for Glasgow Warriors - then known as Glasgow Caledonians - at the Lock position.

He qualified for Scotland as his mother was born in Edinburgh. Confirming his Scottish nationality by playing for the Scottish national 'A' side, he played 9 times at Scotland A level.

Starting with Orrell in 1995-96 season, Griffiths then was signed by London Scottish for the next season, before then moving to Leeds Tykes in for the 1997-98 season.

He played 26 times for Leeds Tykes in the 1998-99 season before moving to Scotland to play for Glasgow Caledonians.

He was to play 54 times for the professional Glasgow provincial side.

Griffiths had to retire from rugby in November 2002 due to a neck injury.

London Scottish F.C.
London Scottish Football Club is a rugby union club in England. The club is a member of both the Rugby Football Union and the Scottish Rugby Union. The club is currently playing in the 2nd tier of the English rugby union system, Champ Rugby, and share the Athletic Ground with Richmond.
Brenda Lopez Romero
Brenda Lopez Romero is an American politician who became the first Latina to be elected to the Georgia General Assembly in 2016. She was a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 99th District, serving from 2017 to 2021. In the House, Romero served on the Education, Retirement, and State Planning and Community Affairs committees. Lopez Romero sponsored 72 bills and is a member of the Democratic Party.

After weeks of lobbying by the Latino Victory Fund, Georgia House Minority Leader Bob Trammell and other public figures in the state, Romero launched her campaign for Georgia's 7th congressional district on May 1, 2019. After a second place finish to Carolyn Bourdeaux, Romero went on to lead the Gwinnett County Democratic Party as its Chair. Additionally, she serves as Senior Assistant District Attorney for the Gwinnett Judicial Circuit handling special projects.

Georgia General Assembly
The Georgia General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

Each of the General Assembly's 236 members serve two-year terms and are directly elected by constituents of their district. The Constitution of Georgia vests all legislative power with the General Assembly. Both houses have similar powers, though each has unique duties as well. For example, the origination of appropriations bills only occurs in the House, while the Senate is tasked with confirmation of the governor's appointments.

The General Assembly meets in the Georgia State Capitol in Atlanta.
Waksman Institute of Microbiology
The Waksman Institute of Microbiology is a research facility on the Busch Campus of Rutgers University. It is named after Selman Waksman, a student and then faculty member at Rutgers who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1952 for research which led to the discovery of streptomycin. The Nobel Prize is on display in the lobby of the institute. The institute conducts research on microbial molecular genetics, developmental molecular genetics, plant molecular genetics, and structural and computational biology.

In 2019, Dr. Kenneth D. Irvine was appointed as Interim Director of the Waksman Institute. Dr. Irvine has been a member of the Waksman Institute since 1995 and is currently a Distinguished Professor of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry and Director of the Rutgers Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology. He was selected by his peers after the untimely passing of the Institute's fourth director, Joachim Messing.

Computational biology
Computational biology refers to the use of techniques in computer science, data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. An intersection of computer science, biology, and data science, the field also has foundations in applied mathematics, molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry, and genetics.
Soleri
Soleri is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Edoardo Soleri (born 1997), Italian footballer

Giuseppe Soleri (born 1982), Italian television actor

Marcello Soleri (1882–1945), Italian politician

Paolo Soleri (1919–2013), Italian architect

Paolo Soleri
Paolo Soleri (21 June 1919 – 9 April 2013) was an American architect and urban planner. He established the educational Cosanti Foundation and Arcosanti. Soleri was a lecturer in the College of Architecture at Arizona State University and a National Design Award recipient in 2006. He coined the concept of 'arcology' – a synthesis of architecture and ecology as the philosophy of democratic society.   He died at home of natural causes on 9 April 2013 at the age of 93.

Soleri authored several books, including The Bridge Between Matter & Spirit is Matter Becoming Spirit and Arcology – City In the Image of Man.
Choi Hyun-seok
Choi Hyun-seok (Korean: 최현석; born July 6, 1972) is a South Korean chef and television personality. He gained mainstream recognition for his appearances on the variety show Please Take Care of My Refrigerator, from which he became known for his flamboyant stage presence.

Please Take Care of My Refrigerator
Please Take Care of My Refrigerator (Korean: 냉장고를 부탁해; RR: Naengjanggoreul butakhae), also known as Chef & My Fridge, is a South Korean cooking-variety program starring various chefs and celebrity guests. It airs on JTBC on Mondays at 21:30 (KST) beginning November 17, 2014. Since October 1, 2018, the program airs late at 23:00 (KST) on the same day, due to giving it regular broadcast timeline to JTBC's dramas. The last episode of this program aired on November 25, 2019, after five years of broadcast. The show was rebooted on both television and on Netflix, the first episode aired on December 15, 2024.
Carbon compounds
Carbon compounds are chemical substances containing carbon. More compounds of carbon exist than any other chemical element except for hydrogen. Organic carbon compounds are far more numerous than inorganic carbon compounds. In general bonds of carbon with other elements are covalent bonds. Carbon is tetravalent but carbon free radicals and carbenes occur as short-lived intermediates. Ions of carbon are carbocations and carbanions are also short-lived. An important carbon property is catenation as the ability to form long carbon chains and rings.

Valence (chemistry)
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemical bonds that each atom of a given chemical element typically forms. Double bonds are considered to be two bonds, triple bonds to be three, quadruple bonds to be four, quintuple bonds to be five and sextuple bonds to be six. In most compounds, the valence of hydrogen is 1, of oxygen is 2, of nitrogen is 3, and of carbon is 4. Valence is not to be confused with the related concepts of the coordination number, the oxidation state, or the number of valence electrons for a given atom.
Jonathan Midol
Jonathan Midol (born 13 January 1988) is a French freestyle skier and Olympic medalist. He was born in Annecy. He competed in ski cross at the World Ski Championships 2013, and at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, where he earned a bronze medal in ski-cross.
His brother is also a medallist skier, Bastien Midol.

Freestyle skiing
Freestyle skiing is a  skiing discipline comprising aerials, moguls, cross, half-pipe, slopestyle and big air as part of the Winter Olympics. It can consist of a skier performing aerial flips and spins and can include skiers sliding rails and boxes on their skis. Known as "hot-dogging" in the early 1970s, it is also commonly referred to as freeskiing, jibbing, and many other names, around the world.
The Libertine (play)
The Libertine is a play by Thomas Shadwell published in 1676. The play is an adaptation of the original plot of El burlador de Sevilla, written by Tirso de Molina, which follows the story of a horrid womanizer who plays with his life and others as he commits sins and "shapeshifts" into a devil-like man. Like most of the adaptations, The Libertine is a story of a mischievous man condemned to pay for the actions of his sins.

Tirso de Molina
Gabriel Téllez, O. de M. (24 March 1583 – 20 February 1648), also known as Tirso de Molina, was a Spanish Baroque dramatist and poet, as well as a Mercedarian friar, and Catholic priest. He is primarily known for writing The Trickster of Seville and the Stone Guest, the play from which the character Don Juan originates. His work also includes female protagonists and the exploration of sexual issues.
Dear Mama (Ai song)
"Dear Mama" is a song written and recorded by Japanese-American singer-songwriter Ai. It was released on April 17, 2013, through EMI Records Japan as the second single from Ai's tenth studio album, Moriagaro. The song was used by the Lotte Corporation for commercial campaigns in Japan.

Upon its release, "Dear Mama" peaked at number 6 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100, becoming her sixth single to chart in the top ten of the Japan Hot 100.

EMI Records Japan
EMI Records Japan (Japanese: EMIレコーズ・ジャパン) was a Japanese record label which operated as a division of Universal Music Japan. The record label was launched on April 1, 2013, following the absorption of EMI Music Japan and its in-house record labels by Universal Japan. After multiple restructures within Universal Japan, EMI Records Japan was retired exactly one year after its formation. The label was succeeded by the formation of EMI Records and the short-lived EMI R label, eventually rebranding as Virgin Records.