hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Heard
Elizabeth Heard (born c.1775) was an English stage actress. She was born in London the daughter of William Heard, a physician and playwright, and his wife Ann Heard, an actress. Elizabeth made her stage debut at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane as a child actor in 1782, where he mother was employed. She often played young male roles such as the Duke of York in Richard III and Prince Arthur in King John. As well as appearing as a member of the company at Drury Lane, she also began summer stints at the Haymarket from 1789 gradually playing more mature and important roles. In 1801 she left the Drury Lane company and later acted in Newcastle.

Arthur I, Duke of Brittany
Arthur I (Breton: Arzhur; 29 March 1187 – presumably 1203) was 4th Earl of Richmond and Duke of Brittany between 1196 and 1203. He was the son of Duchess Constance of Brittany, born posthumously to Constance's first husband, Duke Geoffrey II. Through Geoffrey, Arthur was the grandson of King Henry II of England and Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine, and the nephew of the English kings Richard I and John.

In 1190, Arthur, whose father had died, was arguably designated heir to the throne of England and its French territory, but as he was dying in 1199, Richard I named John, his youngest brother, heir to the throne, as Arthur was still just a child. Philip II of France thought to make use of a potential succession crisis in England and Brittany and for a while Arthur joined him.

Nothing is recorded of Arthur after his imprisonment by John in Rouen Castle in 1203. While his precise fate is unknown, it is generally believed John killed him.
Smart 3
The Smart #3 (stylised as "smart #3") is a battery electric compact crossover SUV developed and produced by Smart Automobile, a joint venture between Mercedes-Benz Group and Geely Holding. It is the second vehicle produced by the joint venture. The model is based on the Sustainable Experience Architecture (SEA) electric vehicle platform developed by Geely. In China, the model is marketed as the Smart Jingling #3 (Chinese: 精灵#3; pinyin: Jingling Sanhao; lit. 'Elf #3').

Skateboard (automotive platform)
A skateboard is a type of configuration for automotive chassis, used for automotive platforms of battery electric vehicles. The skateboard chassis includes a base structure or a platform, which houses the batteries, electric motors and other electronic components fundamental to an electric vehicle.

A skateboard chassis cuts down the cost and complexity of manufacturing and production of electric vehicles, as it is a self-contained platform, with all the necessary driving and electronic components integrated into it, and which can be mounted with a variety of bodies after scaling them into various sizes. The skateboard allows an automaker to design and manufacture vehicles in several vehicle categories and body segments without engineering each one independently.
Chloe (2009 film)
Chloe is a 2009 erotic thriller film directed by Atom Egoyan, a reimagining of the 2003 French film Nathalie.... It stars Julianne Moore, Liam Neeson, and Amanda Seyfried in the title role. Its screenplay was written by Erin Cressida Wilson, based on the earlier French film, written by Anne Fontaine.

Chloe premiered at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival on September 13, 2009, before being released on March 10, 2010 in France and March 26, 2010 in the United States and Canada. Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, the film was a commercial success and it grossed $13.6 million on a $12–14 million budget, more at the worldwide box office than any of Egoyan's previous films.

StudioCanal
StudioCanal S.A.S., also known as StudioCanal International and Canal+ Production and formerly known as Le Studio Canal+, Canal Plus, Canal+ Distribution and Canal+ D.A., is a French film and television production and distribution company and a subsidiary of Canal+ S.A.

As of September 2025, the company has 13 production companies in Europe and the United States, and holds around 9,000 titles in its film library.
Sunni Revival
The Sunni Revival was a period in Islamic history marked by the revival of the political fortunes of Sunni Islam, a renewed interest in Sunni law and theology and the spread of new styles in art and architecture. Conventionally, the revival lasted from 1055 until 1258.

Richard Bulliet has proposed that the term "recentering" better describes the period than "revival" or "renaissance". The period is characterized as much by developments within Sunnism as by Sunni relations with Shia Islam. In particular, it was a period of homogenization of Sunnism as scholars and leaders strove for ijmāʿ (consensus). Eric Chaney has argued that the Sunni Revival led to the decline of scientific output in the Islamic world.

Al-Qa'im (Abbasid caliph at Baghdad)
Abū Ja'far Abdallah ibn Aḥmad al-Qādir (Arabic: أبو جعفر عبد الله بن أحمد القادر), better known by his regnal name al-Qā'im bi-amri 'llāh (Arabic: القائم بأمر الله, lit. 'he who carries out the command of God') or simply as al-Qā'im; 8 November 1001 – 3 April 1075), was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1031 to 1075. He was the son of the previous caliph, al-Qadir. Al-Qa'im's reign coincided with the end of the Buyid dynasty's dominance of the caliphate and the rise of the Seljuk dynasty.
Middle Island (West Virginia)
Middle Island is a bar island on the Ohio River at St. Marys in Pleasants County, West Virginia, USA.

Middle Island lends its name to West Virginia's Middle Island Creek and lies at its confluence with "The Thoroughfare", a channel of the Ohio River that separates the island from the riverbank. A bridge (renovated in 2019) connects Middle Island to downtown St. Marys. Middle Island is protected as part of the Ohio River Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

Channel (geography)
In physical geography and hydrology, a channel is a landform on which a relatively narrow body of water is situated, such as a river, river delta or strait. While channel typically refers to a natural formation, the cognate term canal denotes a similar artificial structure.

Channels are important for the functionality of ports and other bodies of water used for navigability for shipping. Naturally, channels will change their depth and capacity due to erosion and deposition processes. Humans maintain navigable channels by dredging and other engineering processes.

By extension, the term also applies to fluids other than water, e.g., lava channels.
The term is also traditionally used to describe the waterless surface features on Venus.
MS Baltic Ferry
MS Baltic Ferry was built in 1978 by South Korean-based Hyundai H.I. for Stena Lines who had intended her, and 10 sister ships to be used for charter or sale to other operators. She was chartered by Townsend Thoresen in 1980, staying with them and their successor P&O Ferries and P&O Irish Sea until 2005. In 1982 the Ministry of Defence requisitioned the vessel to transport troops to the Falkland Islands.

In July 2011 the ship was renamed Pavilion for her final journey to India for breaking.

European Ferries
European Ferries Group plc was a company that operated in passenger and freight ferries, harbour operation and property management in the United Kingdom and the United States. It was taken over by P&O and renamed P&O European Ferries in 1987.
Head
A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do, regardless of size.

Heads develop in animals by an evolutionary trend known as cephalization. In bilaterally symmetrical animals, nervous tissue concentrate at the anterior region, forming structures responsible for information processing. Through biological evolution, sense organs and feeding structures also concentrate into the anterior region; these collectively form the head.

Nervous tissue
Nervous tissue, also called neural tissue, is the main tissue component of the nervous system. The nervous system regulates and controls body functions and activity. It consists of two parts: the central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) comprising the branching peripheral nerves. It is composed of neurons, also known as nerve cells, which receive and transmit impulses to and from it, and neuroglia, also known as glial cells or glia, which assist the propagation of the nerve impulse as well as provide nutrients to the neurons.

Nervous tissue is made up of different types of neurons, all of which have an axon. An axon is the long stem-like part of the cell that sends action potentials to the next cell. Bundles of axons make up the nerves in the PNS and tracts in the CNS.

Functions of the nervous system are sensory input, integration, control of muscles and glands, homeostasis, and mental activity.
2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup Group G
Group G was one of eight groups of the preliminary round of the 2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup. It took place from 26 to 30 August 2023, and consisted of Brazil, Iran, Ivory Coast, and Spain. Each team played each other once, for a total of three games per team, with all games played at the Indonesia Arena, Jakarta, Indonesia. The top two teams advanced to the second round and the bottom two teams qualified for the classification rounds.

Ivory Coast men's national basketball team
The Ivory Coast men's national basketball team is the men's basketball side that represents Ivory Coast in international competition. The team competes regularly in the African Championship and is administered by the Fédération Ivoirienne de Basket-Ball.

With two AfroBasket titles and six overall finals appearances, the country is traditionally home to one of the continent's finest basketball national teams. The Elephants have played at the FIBA Basketball World Cup five times and also played in the 2023 edition.
Rowland Berthoff
Rowland Tappan Berthoff (September 20, 1921 – March 25, 2001) was an American historian, working in the fields of immigration and social life in the USA. He is best known for his 1971 book An Unsettled People: Order and Disorder in American Life.

He was born in Toledo, Ohio, attended Oberlin College, and did graduate work at Harvard University where he received a doctorate in 1952, as a student of Oscar Handlin. Berthoff was an Assistant Professor of History at Princeton University from 1953, and then a professor of history in Arts and Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, from 1962. He was made chairman of Washington University's history department and named William Elliott Smith Professor of History in 1971.

He promoted social history and ethnic history. His 1960 article on "The American Social Order: A Conservative Hypothesis" called for a conservative interpretation of American history.

Ethnic history
Ethnic history is a branch of social history that studies ethnic groups and immigrants. Barkan (2007) argues that the field allows historians to use alternate models of interpretation, unite qualitative and quantitative data, apply sociological models to historical patterns, examine more deeply macro-level policies and decisions, and, especially, empathize with the ethnic groups under study.
Tyler Kolek (basketball)
Tyler John Kolek (born March 27, 2001) is an American professional basketball player for the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the George Mason Patriots and the Marquette Golden Eagles. Kolek was drafted as the 34th pick in the 2024 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers, but was traded to the Knicks on draft night.

Westchester Knicks
The Westchester Knicks are an American professional basketball team in the NBA G League based in White Plains, New York, and are affiliated with the New York Knicks. The Knicks play their home games at Westchester County Center in White Plains, New York.

The Knicks became the seventh D-League team to be owned by an NBA team and replaced the Erie BayHawks as the Knicks' D-League affiliate.

The Knicks had filed for trademarks for five possible names: New York 914s, New York 'Bockers, New York Plainsmen, New York Empire, and New York Hutch.  On May 14, 2014, the Westchester Knicks name and logo were announced; in addition to retaining the parent club's "Knicks" name, the Knicks had also incorporated the original "Father Knickerbocker" logo (drawn by Willard Mullin) which was in use by the parent Knicks from the team's founding in 1946 until 1964. The logo later changed to the current one, which resembles the New York Knicks' current logo.
Pleasant River, Nova Scotia
Pleasant River is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Region of Queens Municipality.

Pleasant River was first settled by a man named Zenas Waterman Sr. in October, 1802. On 4 August 1856, a church was opened in Pleasant River. A gold mine called the "Pleasant River Barrens" operated here from 1890 until its closure in 1913.

The population of Pleasant River in 1956 was 97.

Region of Queens Municipality
The Region of Queens Municipality is a regional municipality in southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the northern gateway of the UNESCO Southwest Nova Biosphere Reserve, a centre of outdoor activities. Campgrounds at Kejimukujik National Park and National Historic Site, Thomas H. Raddall Provincial Park, and several other locations offer hiking, biking, canoeing, kayaking, cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. Its seacoast and inland areas are popular photo locations.
Churchman's
Churchman's (originally W.A. & A.C. Churchman) was a British cigarette manufacturer based in Ipswich, Suffolk. The company was a subsidiary of John Player & Sons of Imperial Tobacco Co. Churchman was notable for producing one million cigarettes a day.

The company also released (like many other tobacco manufacturers at that time) a line of collectible cards about diverse topics, but mainly focused on sports.

Lambert & Butler
Lambert & Butler is a former English tobacco manufacturing company, established in 1834 in Clerkenwell, Central London, which operated as a private business until 1901, when it merged with other UK manufacturers to form the Imperial Tobacco Company. Apart from tobacco products, L&B also released several cigarette card sets from the 1910s to the 1930s. They consisted of various topics, including motor cars, locomotives, horsemanship, aviation, and association football.

Nowadays, L&B is a brand owned and commercialised by Imperial Brands. Lambert & Butler is mainly commercialised in the United Kingdom, having been exported to Luxembourg, Netherlands, Germany, France, Austria, Spain and Egypt. Lambert & Butler is the second-most popular cigarette brand in the UK (As of November 2025).
Outline of civil law (common law)
In common law jurisdictions such as England, Wales, and the United States, civil law refers to the branch of law that deals with non-criminal matters, including disputes between private individuals or organizations. This usage differs from that in civil law jurisdictions such as France, Germany, and China, where civil law refers to the codified legal system derived from Roman law. Within common law systems, civil law encompasses areas such as contracts, torts, and property, and may be divided into substantive and procedural law. Its primary concern is the rights and duties of individuals among themselves. Civil proceedings are generally intended to obtain compensation or another remedy, distinguishing them from criminal proceedings, which aim to impose punishment, though exemplary or punitive damages may occasionally be awarded in civil cases.

Civil procedure
Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and regulations along with some standards that courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits (as opposed to procedures in criminal law matters). These rules govern how a lawsuit or case may be commenced; what kind of service of process (if any) is required; the types of pleadings or statements of case, motions or applications, and orders allowed in civil cases; the timing and manner of depositions and discovery or disclosure; the conduct of trials; the process for judgment; the process for post-trial procedures; various available remedies; and how the courts and clerks must function.
Branislav Lala Kovačev
Branislav Lala Kovačev (Serbian Cyrillic: Бранислав „Лала" Ковачев; November 19, 1939 in  Kikinda, Serbia – September 2, 2012 in Hvar, Croatia) was a Yugoslavian-Serbian jazz musician, drummer, bandleader and composer. Widely considered a key figure in the history of Balkan Ethno jazz. As a leader of European Jazz Consensus, International Jazz Consensus and Lala Kovacev Group, he developed a distinguished fusion style by integrating complex rhythmic structures from Balkan folk music into jazz.

Hvar
Hvar (pronounced [xvâːr]; Chakavian: Hvor or For; Greek: Φάρος, romanized: Pharos; Latin: Pharia; Italian: Lesina) is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, located off the Dalmatian coast, lying between the islands of Brač, Vis and Korčula. Approximately 68 kilometres (42.25 mi) long, with a high east–west ridge of Mesozoic limestone and dolomite, the island of Hvar is unusual in the area for having a large fertile coastal plain, and fresh water springs. Its hillsides are covered in pine forests, with vineyards, olive groves, fruit orchards and lavender fields in the agricultural areas. The climate is characterized by mild winters, and warm summers with many hours of sunshine. The island has 10,678 residents according to the 2021 census, making it the fourth most populated of the Croatian islands.
George Heber Connell
George Heber Connell (1836 – February 15, 1881) was a merchant and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Carleton in the House of Commons of Canada from 1878 to 1881 as an Independent member.

He was born in Woodstock, New Brunswick, the son of Charles Connell and Ann Fisher, and was educated at Saint John. In 1837, he married Isabel Barnaby. Connell died in office in Ottawa at the age of 45.

Carleton (New Brunswick federal electoral district)
Carleton was a federal electoral district in New Brunswick, Canada that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917. It was created in 1867 as part of the British North America Act, and was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into Victoria—Carleton. It was named for Carleton County, New Brunswick.
EduGAIN
eduGAIN is an international interfederation service interconnecting research and education identity federations. It enables the secure exchange of information related to identity, authentication and authorization between participating federations. The service is managed by a team led by TERENA. eduGAIN® is a registered trademark of DANTE.

DANTE
Delivery of Advanced Network Technology to Europe (DANTE) was a not-for-profit company that planned, buits and operated consecutive generations of the backbone network that interconnects the national research and education networks (NRENs) in Europe. The organisation was based in Cambridge, United Kingdom and was formed in 1993 as a limited liability company owned by Réseaux Associés pour la Recherche Européenne (RARE). Ownership was transferred to a number of NRENs and government agencies in 1994.

DANTE Ltd. currently operates the third generation of the GÉANT pan-European backbone network, and previously operated the earlier-generation EuropaNET, TEN-34, TEN-155, GÉANT and GÉANT2 networks.
Meranfjellet
Meranfjellet is a mountain in Sørkapp Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It has a height of 491 m.a.s.l., and is the northern mountain of the ridge Påskefjella. The mountain is named for Franz, Count of Meran.

Sørkapp Land
Sørkapp Land is the land area south of Hornsund,  at the southern part of Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Two glaciers, Hornbreen and Hambergbreen, divide Sørkapp Land from Torell Land.

Sørkapp Land is included in the Sør-Spitsbergen National Park.
Underdogs (TV series)
Underdogs is a 2006 Canadian television series spin-off from Marketplace. Host Wendy Mesley brings together three people, the underdogs, who have a consumer complaint to help them win their way against three companies of Canada.

Wendy Mesley
Wendy Mesley is a Canadian television journalist, podcaster, and blogger. She worked for CBC News from 1981 to 2021 in roles including national correspondent at the Quebec Legislature and the Ottawa Parliamentary Bureau. She was the anchor of The National, host of Undercurrents, Disclosure, and Marketplace, and from 2018 to 2020, she hosted the Sunday morning talk show The Weekly with Wendy Mesley.
Dowally
Dowally is a village and parish in Perth and Kinross, Scotland. It lies 3+1⁄2 miles (5.6 km) north of Dunkeld on the A9 road.

The village has a parish church dedicated to St. Anne, it was constructed in 1818 and replaced a previous church which had been constructed around 1500 but fell into ruin by 1755. In 1861 the population was 486 by 1881 this had reduced to 431.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
Irina Khakamada
Irina Mutsuovna Khakamada (Russian: Ири́на Муцу́овна Хакама́да, IPA: [ɪˈrʲinə mʊˈtsuəvnə xəkɐˈmadə]; born 13 April 1955) is a Russian economist, political activist, journalist, teacher, publicist, and politician who ran in the 2004 Russian presidential election.

Khakamada was a former member (deputy) of the lower house (the State Duma) of the Russian parliament for three convocations (electoral terms, 1993–2003) and vice-chair of the house; co-chair of a political party Union of Right Forces (1999–2003), presidential candidate of the Russian Federation (2004), member of the Presidential Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights (2012–2018).

In 1995, Time named Khakamada a 21st-century politician among 100 well-known women in the world.

In 2002, Khakamada served as a rapporteur from Russia at the 57th session of the UN General Assembly. In 2005, she was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize.

Party of Growth
Party of Growth (Russian: Партия Роста, romanized: Partiya Rosta, pronounced [ˈpartʲɪjə ˈrostə]) was a liberal-conservative political party in Russia which had representatives in several local legislatures. Created in March 2016 on the basis of the Right Cause party, the party's main policy stances are liberal free market economy, democracy and protecting the rights of the middle class. The party has been led by Boris Titov since its founding. The party was a member of the pro-Putin All-Russia People's Front.

On November 20, 2025, the party was dissoluted.