hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tomi Mäkelä
Tomi Matti Mäkelä (born 3 January 1964 in Lahti) is a Finnish musicologist and pianist, professor at the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg in Germany. He studied music and musicology in Lahti, Vienna, Berlin (West) and Helsinki. As a pianist he studied with Rauno Jussila and Noel Flores. He got his doctoral degree 1988 in Berlin under the guidance of Carl Dahlhaus. He has published widely on the music of the nineteenth and twentieth century. His German book on Sibelius Poesie in der Luft (Breitkopf & Härtel 2007) got the award Geisteswissenschaft international 2008 and was published in English translation by Steven Lindberg as Jean Sibelius (2011). 2023 Tomi Mäkelä received the Fredrik-Pacius-Award of the Swedish Literature Society in Finland (Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland).

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (German: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg. It is the largest and oldest university in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. MLU offers German and international (English) courses leading to academic degrees such as BA, BSc, MA, MSc, doctoral degrees, and habilitation.

The university was created in 1817 through the merger of the University of Wittenberg (founded in 1502) and the University of Halle (founded in 1694). MLU is named after Protestant reformer Martin Luther, who was a professor in Wittenberg. Today, the university campus is located in Halle, while  Leucorea Foundation in Wittenberg serves as MLU's convention centre.
Henry Mish Barn
Henry Mish Barn, also known as Mish Barn and Heritage Hill Barn, is a historic Pennsylvania bank barn located near Middlebrook, Augusta County, Virginia. It was built about 1849, and measures 50 feet by 100 feet.  The ends of the barn feature decorative brick lattice vents in lozenge patterns, a feature prevalent in Pennsylvania barns. It is one of the few pre-American Civil War examples to have survived the Valley barn-burning campaigns by Union forces. Associated with the brick barn are the contributing Mish House and two related outbuildings.  The barn was built for Henry Mish, a native of York County, Pennsylvania who settled in southwestern Augusta County in 1839.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Pennsylvania barn
A Pennsylvania barn is a type of bank barn built in the United States from about 1790 to 1900. The style's most distinguishing feature is an overshoot or forebay, an area where one or more walls overshoot its foundation. These barns were banked and set into a hillside to ensure easy access to the basement and the level above. Almost all Pennsylvania barns also have gable roofs. Barn scholar Robert Ensminger classified the Pennsylvania barn into three types: Standard Pennsylvania, Sweitzer, and Extended Pennsylvania barns.: 56  The Pennsylvania-style barns were also built in the Shenandoah Valley, as well as west of Pennsylvania and in Canada.
Seven Ways from Sundown
Seven Ways from Sundown is a 1960 American Western film directed by Harry Keller and starring Audie Murphy and Barry Sullivan. It is based on the novel of the same name by Clair Huffaker, who also wrote the script.

Kenneth Tobey
Jesse Kenneth Tobey (March 23, 1917 – December 22, 2002) was an American actor active from the early 1940s into the 1990s, with over 200 credits in film, theatre, and television.  He is best known for his role as a captain who takes charge of an Arctic military base when it is attacked by a plant-based alien in The Thing from Another World (1951), and a starring role in the 1957-1960 Desilu Productions TV series Whirlybirds.
Second Naveen Patnaik ministry
Naveen Patnaik was elected as the chief minister of Odisha for the second time in 2004 after NDA secured a landslide victory in the 2004 Odisha Legislative Assembly election. The elections were called early and were held in the state in two phases coinciding with 2004 Indian general election. The results were declared on 13 May 2004. NDA secured 93 seats out of 147 in the thirteenth Odisha Legislative Assembly. BJD secured 61 seats while BJP secured 32 seats, upsetting the Congress party which was led by former CM Janaki Ballabh Patnaik. This was a saving grace for the NDA as it lost the 2004 Indian general election.

Janaki Ballabh Patnaik
Janaki Ballabh Patnaik (3 January 1927 – 21 April 2015) was an Indian politician who had been 25th Governor of Assam from 2009 to 2014. A leader of the Indian National Congress, he was Chief Minister of Odisha from 1980 to 1989 and again from 1995 to 1999, holding that post for the longest time on record before Naveen Patnaik. In 1950, he became the President of the Odisha state unit of the youth wing of the Congress. In 1980, he became the Union Minister for Tourism, Civil Aviation and Labour from 16 January to 7 June.
Halmtorvet
Halmtorvet (English: The Haymarket) is a public square in the Vesterbro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located next to Copenhagen Central Station in front of the Meat District. The oblong square eventually turns into Sønder Boulevard, a broad street with a park strip in its central reserve, which continues to Enghavevej at Enghave station.

Urban renewal
Urban renewal, also known as urban regeneration or urban redevelopment, is a set of government or private initiatives aimed at addressing urban decay, upgrading infrastructure, and revitalizing city neighborhoods. Typically, urban renewal involves clearing "blighted" areas, followed by new construction for housing, businesses, and public spaces. While such projects can modernize cities and stimulate economic growth, they are controversial due to frequent displacement of low-income and minority communities, a process known as gentrification.
Pult
Pult or Pulat (Albanian definite form: Pulti or Pulati), is a region in northern Albania. It is bordered by the Malësia e Madhe Region to its north and by the Dukagjin Highlands to its east and its south. The region has traditionally been inhabited by the Plani, Kiri, Suma, Xhani, Drishti and Rrjolli tribes. The Pult region is situated on the Kir river and extends beyond Drisht to Prekal.

Rrjolli
The Rrjolli is a historical Albanian tribe (fis) and region in Malësia of north Albania. The tribal region is centred along the banks of the Rrjoll river that stems from Mount Bishkaz and empties into Lake Shkodër. The Rrjolli tribe is not a traditional fis in the sense of a community that claims paternal descent from one common ancestor; rather, it is polyphyletic. During the Ottoman period it formed a single bajrak (military-administrative unit).
Adducted thumb syndrome
Adducted thumb syndrome recessive form is a rare disease affecting multiple systems causing malformations of the palate, thumbs, and upper limbs. The name Christian syndrome derives from Joe. C. Christian, the first person to describe the condition. Inheritance is believed to be autosomal recessive, caused by mutation in the CHST14 (carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14) gene.

Palate
The palate (/ˈpælɪt/) is the roof of the mouth in humans and other mammals. It separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity. A similar structure is found in crocodilians, but in most other tetrapods, the oral and nasal cavities are not truly separated. The palate is divided into two parts, the anterior, bony hard palate and the posterior, fleshy soft palate (or velum).
1967 Blue Swords
The 1967 Blue Swords (German: Pokal der Blauen Schwerter) was an international senior-level figure skating competition organized in Karl-Marx-Stadt, East Germany. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating and ice dancing. East Germany's Günter Zöller outscored the Soviet Union's Vladimir Kurenbin for gold in the man's category. East Germans swept the ladies' podium, led by Beate Richter, who won her first gold medal at the event after three previous podium results. Soviet ice dancers Lyudmila Pakhomova / Aleksandr Gorshkov defeated the defending champions, Annerose Baier / Eberhard Rüger of East Germany, who had beaten them a year earlier.

Annerose Baier
Annerose Baier, married surname: Wetzel, (9 September 1946 — 9 March 2022) was a German ice dancer who represented East Germany. With her skating partner, Eberhard Rüger, she became a three-time Blue Swords champion (1963, 1965, 1966), the 1968 Prize of Moscow News champion, and an eight-time East German national champion (1962, 1964–1970). They finished in the top ten at eight ISU Championships. Their best continental result, fourth, came at the 1970 European Championships in Leningrad, Soviet Union. They finished as high as sixth at the World Championships, in 1969 (Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States) and 1970 (Ljubljana, Yugoslavia).

Baier/Rüger started their career at SC Wismut Karl-Marx-Stadt. In 1963, they began representing SC Karl-Marx-Stadt.

After retiring from competition, Baier coached skating in Karl-Marx-Stadt/Chemnitz.
WRVV
WRVV (97.3 FM, "The River 97.3") is a commercial FM radio station licensed to serve Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The station is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. and broadcasts a classic rock format. The station's studios and offices are located at 600 Corporate Circle in Harrisburg.

WRVV has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 15,000 watts.  The transmitter antenna is on the WHP-TV broadcast tower on Blue Mountain in Susquehanna Township, Dauphin County at (40°20′43.3″N 76°52′7.9″W﻿ / ﻿40.345361°N 76.868861°W﻿ / 40.345361; -76.868861).  It uses the slogan is "Real. Rock. Variety".  WRVV broadcasts using HD Radio technology.  Its HD2 digital subchannel simulcasts the talk radio programming on sister station WHP (580 AM).

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
Tongyeong Undersea Tunnel
The Tongyeong Undersea Tunnel (Korean: 통영해저터널; Hanja: 統營海底터널) is an undersea tunnel in South Korea that links the city of Tongyeong in Goseong County to the island Mireukdo. The tunnel is 5 m wide by 3.5 m high and 483 m long, and is 13.5 m below the sea surface at high tide. Completed in 1932 when Korea was under Japanese rule, it was the first undersea tunnel in Asia. Before the tunnel was built Mireukdo was a tidal island, accessible on foot at low tide. Originally built for motor vehicles, the tunnel is now only used by pedestrians.

Tidal island
A tidal island is a raised area of land within a waterbody, which is connected to the larger mainland by a natural isthmus or man-made causeway that is exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide, causing the land to switch between being a promontory/peninsula and an island depending on tidal conditions.

Because of the mystique surrounding tidal islands, many of them have been sites of religious worship, such as Mont-Saint-Michel with its Benedictine abbey.  Tidal islands are also commonly the sites of fortresses because of the natural barrier created by the tidal channel.
George Gwynne
George Gwynne (c. 1623 – 1673) was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1654 and 1660.

Gwynne was the son of David Gwynne and his wife Joan Morgan daughter of George Morgan of Itton, Monmouthshire. He  inherited Pencoyd Castle Monmouthshire from his uncle Christopher Morgan. In April 1654, he was elected Member of Parliament for Radnorshire in the First Protectorate Parliament.  He was a J P for Radnorshire in 1655. In 1656, he was re-elected MP for Radnorshire  for the Second Protectorate Parliament.

In 1660, Gwynne was re-elected MP for Radnorshire in the Convention Parliament. He was one of those nominated for the Knight of the Royal Oak award in 1660. He was listed as one of the Justices of the Peace for Breconshire in 1666.

Second Protectorate Parliament
The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons. In its first session, the House of Commons was its only chamber; in the second session an Other House with a power of veto over the decisions of the Commons was added.
Timken 1111
Timken 1111, also named the Timken Four Aces, was a one-off 4-8-4 steam locomotive built in 1930 by American Locomotive Company (ALCO) as a demonstration unit for new roller bearings produced by the Timken Roller Bearing Company. It was the first locomotive built with all sealed roller bearings rather than plain bearings or a combination of the two. It was later operated by the Northern Pacific Railroad (NP) as their No. 2626.

Timken attempted to cooperate with NP at the end of the engine's career to preserve it and while the Northern Pacific was willing to cooperate in preserving the engine, the attempt ultimately failed, and the locomotive was scrapped in 1958.

Plain bearing
A plain bearing, or more commonly sliding contact bearing and slide bearing (in railroading sometimes called a solid bearing, journal bearing, or friction bearing), is the simplest type of bearing, comprising only a bearing surface and no rolling elements. Therefore, the part of the shaft in contact with the bearing slides over the bearing surface. The simplest example of a plain bearing is a shaft rotating in a hole. A simple linear bearing can be a pair of flat surfaces designed to allow motion; e.g., a drawer and the slides it rests on or the ways on the bed of a lathe.

Plain bearings, in general, are the least expensive type of bearing. They are also compact and lightweight, and they have a high load-carrying capacity.
Alexander Clunes Sheriff
Alexander Clunes Sheriff (1816 – 17 March 1878) was an English businessman and Liberal Party politician who was active in local government and sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to his death in 1878.

Sheriff was the son of A. Sherriff. He was chairman of the Worcester Royal Porcelain Co. and the Worcester Engine Works, and had directorships of the Worcester City and County Banking Co., the Patent Shaft and Axletree Co., the Metropolitan Railway, the District Railway and the Metropolitan and St John's Wood Railway. He was an Alderman of Worcester and was sheriff and twice mayor of the city. He was also J.P. for Worcester

At the 1865 general election Sheriff was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Worcester. He held the seat until his death aged 61 in 1878.

Sheriff married Martha Tattersall, daughter of Thomas Tattersall of Armley, near Leeds in 1841.

Worcester (UK Parliament constituency)
Worcester is a borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Since 1885 it has elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election; from 1295 to 1885 it elected two MPs.
Herb Nab
Herb Nab (April 1, 1927 – October 29, 1988) was a NASCAR Grand National/Winston Cup Series crew chief. He is regarded by many as one of the greatest crew chiefs in NASCAR history. Nab earned two NASCAR Cup championships and multiple wins in the Daytona 500 and Southern 500, and prepared winning cars for drivers such as Joe Weatherly, Curtis Turner, Fireball Roberts, Fred Lorenzen, Junior Johnson, LeeRoy Yarbrough, Bobby Allison, Cale Yarborough, and Buddy Baker.

Nab was called "one of the sport's first superstar crew chiefs" and was called by his peers as "the first of the really top chassis experts in NASCAR."

Buddy Baker
Elzie Wylie "Buddy" Baker Jr. (January 25, 1941 – August 10, 2015) was an American professional stock car racing driver and commentator. Over the course of his 33-year racing career, he won 19 races in the NASCAR Cup Series, including the 1980 Daytona 500. Known by the nickname "Gentle Giant", Baker was noted for his prowess at NASCAR's superspeedways, Daytona and Talladega, at which he won a combined six races. After his racing career, he worked as a broadcaster and co-hosted a number of radio shows on Sirius XM.
Tony O'Neill
Tony O'Neill (born in 1978, Blackburn, Lancashire) is an English writer based in New York. A one-time musician with Kenickie (1997–98), Marc Almond (1997–98), The Brian Jonestown Massacre (1999), and Kelli Ali (2001–04), O'Neill has written several books including Digging the Vein (2006), Down and Out on Murder Mile (2008) and Sick City (2010).

Jason Peter
Jason Michael Peter (born September 13, 1974) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for four seasons in the National Football League (NFL). Peter was a consensus All-American playing college football for the Nebraska Cornhuskers. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the first round of the 1998 NFL draft.
Masai Plateau
The Masai Plateau, also known as the Masai Pathar or Masai Sadas, is a plateau situated 30 kilometers west from Kolhapur city in Maharashtra.

It is known for scenery and various types of seasonal wildflowers that bloom in the months of August and September. The plateau is situated at an altitude of 900 AMSL and is approximately 1.5 square kilometers in area. Masai plateau has diversity of flowering plants. These include orchids, and carnivorous plants such as Utricularia and Drosera indica.

Drosera indica
Drosera indica, sometimes known as the Indian sundew, is a species of sundew native to tropical  and southern Africa, Madagascar and tropical and subtropical Asia. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum in 1753. Until the early 21st century it was mostly considered a highly variable species with a wide distribution including Australia, but since 2000 several distinct species have been separated from D. indica within Drosera section Arachnopus, which is often referred to as the ‘Drosera indica complex’. Many of these species are endemic to Australia, but D. indica itself is now widely considered to be absent from that country.
Qizilbash
Qizilbash or Kizilbash were a diverse array of mainly Turkoman Shia militant groups that flourished in Azerbaijan, Anatolia, Kurdistan, the Armenian highlands, and the Caucasus from the late 15th century onwards, and contributed to the foundation of the Safavid dynasty in early modern Iran.

By the 18th-century, anyone involved with the Safavid state—militarily, diplomatically, or administratively—came to be broadly referred to as "Qizilbash". It was eventually applied to some inhabitants of Iran. In the early 19th-century, Shia Muslims from Iran could be referred as "Qizilbash", thus highlighting the influence of the distinctive traits of the Safavids, despite the Iranian shah (king) Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (r. 1797–1834) simultaneously creating a Qajar dynastic identity grounded in the pre-Islamic past.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Jorge Molina Valdivieso
Jorge Molina Valdivieso (born 16 February 1932) is a Chilean politician who served as President of the Chamber of Deputies and as a member of the Chamber of Deputies, representing District 12 of the Valparaíso Region.

Chamber of Deputies of Chile
33°02′52″S 71°36′21″W﻿ / ﻿33.04778°S 71.60583°W﻿ / -33.04778; -71.60583

The Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados) is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in articles 42 to 59 of Chile's current constitution.
USS Frankford
USS Frankford (DD-497), a Gleaves-class destroyer, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for John Frankford, who commanded the privateer Belvedere during the Quasi-War with France from 1798 to 1800.

Frankford was launched on 17 May 1942 by Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Co., Seattle, Washington; sponsored by Mrs. William F. Gibbs; and commissioned 31 March 1943.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
SC Apolda
SC Apolda was a German football club from the town of Apolda, Thuringia. It was established in 1910 as Ballspiel-Club Apolda and later adopted the name Sport-Club Apolda. The team enjoyed a measure of success in the late 1920s playing top flight regional football in central Germany.

Apolda
Apolda (German: [aˈpɔlda] ⓘ) is a town in central Thuringia, Germany, the capital of the Weimarer Land district. It is situated in the center of the triangle Weimar–Jena–Naumburg near the river Ilm, c. 15 kilometres (9 miles) east by north from Weimar. Apolda station lies on the Halle–Bebra railway, which is part of the main line from Berlin to Frankfurt.
Jeanne H. Freeland-Graves
Jeanne H. Freeland-Graves is an American nutritionist, currently the Bess Heflin Centennial Professor at University of Texas at Austin.  In 2007 she was awarded the Charles E. Ragus Award of the American Nutrition Association.

Nutritionist
A nutritionist is a person who advises others on matters of food and nutrition and their impacts on health.  Some people specialize in particular areas, such as sports nutrition, public health, or animal nutrition, among other disciplines. In many jurisdictions, a person can claim to be a nutritionist even without any training, education, or professional license, in contrast to a dietitian, who has a university degree, professional license, and certification for professional practice.
Raven Cliffs Wilderness
The Raven Cliffs Wilderness was designated in 1986 and currently consists of 9,115 acres (36.89 km2). The Wilderness is located within the borders of the Chattahoochee National Forest in White, Lumpkin, and Union Counties, Georgia. The Wilderness is managed by the United States Forest Service and is part of the National Wilderness Preservation System.

Elevations in the Raven Cliffs Wilderness range from about 1,800 feet (550 m) on Boggs Creek to 3,846 feet (1,172 m) on Levelland Mountain. Logged in the early to mid-1900s, the forest has recovered with dense hardwoods and scattered pines, most of which have now celebrated their 60th birthday. Approximately 41 miles (66 km) of trout streams, including Boggs Creek, attract many anglers and there is also abundant wildlife. The Raven Cliff Falls and Raven Cliffs Scenic Area are also big attractions.

White County, Georgia
White County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,003. The county seat is Cleveland. The county was created on December 22, 1857, formerly a part of Habersham County and most likely was named for Newton County Representative David T. White, who helped a Habersham representative successfully attain passage of an act creating the new county.