hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeremiah Head
Jeremiah Head (11 July 1835 Ipswich – 10 March 1899 Hastings) was a British mechanical engineer.

He was apprenticed in 1852 at the works of Robert Stephenson and Co, Newcastle upon Tyne.  
He was manager of the Steam Plough Works of John Fowler and Co in Leeds, where he invented a means of signalling by lamps to facilitate steam-ploughing at night.

From 1868 to 1885, he worked, with Theodore Fox, the firm of Fox, Head and Co, and erected the Newport Rolling Mills, Middlesbrough, for the manufacture of iron plates.  
He introduced a plan of profit-sharing with his workmen; no labour disputes arose.  
In 1864, he also founded the Cleveland Institution of Engineers.
In 1888 he laid out the Bowesfield Iron Works at Stockton-on-Tees, and in 1891 the New British Iron Works at Corngreaves.  
He moved his practice to Westminster in 1894.

He was a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers.

Middlesbrough
Middlesbrough (/ˈmɪdəlzbrə/ ⓘ MID-əlz-brə), colloquially known as Boro, is a port town in the Borough of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. Lying to the south of the River Tees, it forms part of the Teesside built-up area and the Tees Valley. In 2021, it had a population of 148,215.
Galluzzo (surname)
Galluzzo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Galluzzo (fl. 2011), American academic

Giuseppe Galluzzo (born 1960), Italian football coach and player

Virginia Galluzzo (born 1941), mother of American politician Ginny Foat

Benjamin Galluzzo
Benjamin Galluzzo is a Math modeling educator, researcher and enthusiast. As of July 2024, he is the Executive Director of the Consortium for Mathematics and Its Applications (COMAP, Inc). Previously, he was an associate professor in the Institute for STEM Education at Clarkson University.
Ricky Wilson (basketball)
Ricky Wilson (born July 16, 1964) is an American former professional basketball player born in Hampton, Virginia.

A 6'3" point guard from George Mason University, Wilson was selected by the Chicago Bulls in the third round of the 1986 NBA draft. He played one season (1987–88) in the NBA as a member of the New Jersey Nets and San Antonio Spurs, averaging 5.2 points per game and 2.9 assists per game.

Wilson played in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) for the Mississippi Jets, Grand Rapids Hoops, Quad City Thunder, Capital Region Pontiacs, Rockford Lightning and Wichita Falls Texans from 1986 to 1994. He was selected to the All-CBA First Team and All-Defensive Team in 1988. Wilson also played in the 1988 CBA All-Star Game.

On May 19, 1992 The Winnipeg Thunder of the World Basketball League signed Wilson to a contract and Activated him to the roster.

Wichita Falls Texans
The Wichita Falls Texans were a minor league basketball team in the Continental Basketball Association  from 1988 to 1994. The team was located in Wichita Falls, Texas, and played their games at D.L. Ligon Coliseum, located on the campus of Midwestern State University.  The Texans won the CBA championship in 1991. Lanham Lyne was the owner of the franchise.

The team almost relocated in 1990 when a group of investors led by George Beim approached the owners of Wichita Falls to purchase and relocate the franchise to Hampton, Virginia. The deal fell through when Beim announced he could not get the prerequisite amount of ticket presales to make moving the team financially viable according to the CBA's rules.

During the 1992–93 season, the Texans had 1,250 season ticket holders and averaged an attendance of 2,826 per game. The team became the Chicago Rockers in 1994.
Paul McGowan
Paul McGowan is the name of:

Paul McGowan (footballer) (born 1987), Scottish footballer

Paul McGowan (artist) (born 1967), artist and fashion designer

Paul McGowan (American football) (born 1966), former American football linebacker

Paul D. McGowan (1947–2014), American politician

Paul McGowan (artist)
Paul McGowan (born 1967 in Margate) is an artist, fashion designer and formerly the artist in residence at the Eden Project. He is a former student of the Falmouth School of Art, and had his first exhibition in St Ives while still a student.
Comparison triangle
In metric geometry, comparison triangles are constructions used to define higher bounds on curvature in the framework of locally geodesic metric spaces, thereby playing a similar role to that of higher bounds on sectional curvature in Riemannian geometry.

Sectional curvature
In Riemannian geometry, the sectional curvature is one of the ways to describe the curvature of Riemannian manifolds. The sectional curvature K(σp) depends on a two-dimensional linear subspace σp of the tangent space at a point p of the manifold. It can be defined geometrically as the Gaussian curvature of the surface which has the plane σp as a tangent plane at p, obtained from geodesics which start at p in the directions of σp (in other words, the image of σp under the exponential map at p). The sectional curvature is a real-valued function on the 2-Grassmannian bundle over the manifold.

The sectional curvature determines the Riemann curvature tensor completely.
TVN Group
TVN S.A. (trade name: Grupa TVN) is a Polish media and entertainment group established in 1995 as TVN Sp. z o.o. The CEO of TVN Group is Katarzyna "Kasia" Kieli, president and managing director of TVN Warner Bros. Discovery. Its TV channel, TVN, is their flagship.

In 2004, with its debut on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, the company became a public limited company. In March 2015, U.S. broadcaster Scripps Networks Interactive bought a 52.7% majority stake in TVN for €584 million. In July 2015, SNI bought out TVN's remaining owners, ITI Group and Canal+ Group, for €584 million, giving it full ownership.

On March 6, 2018, SNI was, in turn, acquired by Discovery, Inc. for US$14.6 billion. Liberty Global, which operated pay television provider UPC Polska, is a major shareholder in Discovery. The European Commission thus required TVN to ensure that TVN24 and TVN24 BiS remain available to third-party television providers.

Liberty Global
Liberty Global Ltd. is a British-Dutch-American multinational telecommunications company domiciled in Bermuda, with headquarters in London, Amsterdam and Denver. Its respective legal names are Liberty Global Holdings Limited (UK), Liberty Global B.V. (Netherlands) and Liberty Global, Inc. (United States), with the first of these being publicly traded. It was formed in 2005 by the merger of the international arm of Liberty Media (in turn, a spin-off of American cable-television group TCI) and UnitedGlobalCom (UGC).

Liberty Global had an annual revenue of $11.5 billion in 2019, with operations in six countries and 20,600 employees. It has 10.8 million cable service subscribers, or 25.3 million revenue generation units (RGU), combining video, internet, and voice customers.
Kiiminki
Kiiminki (Finnish: [ˈkiːmiŋki]; Swedish: Kiminge) was a municipality of Finland. Along with Haukipudas, Oulunsalo and Yli-Ii municipalities it was merged with the city of Oulu on 1 January 2013. Kiiminki municipality was part of the Oulu province in the North Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of 13,320 (31 December 2012) and covered an area of 339.00 square kilometres (130.89 sq mi) of which 326.82 km2 (126.19 sq mi) is water. The population density is 1,093.6/km2 (2,832.4/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

The drawknives on the coat of arms of Kiiminki reflect the traditional craftsmanship of the locality, especially the making of wooden containers and sledges. The coat of arms was designed by Oskari Jauhiainen and Olof Eriksson, and was approved by the Kiiminki municipal council at its meeting on 17 June 1968. The Ministry of the Interior confirmed the coat of arms for use on 1 October of the same year.

Ministry of the Interior (Finland)
The Ministry of the Interior (Finnish: sisäministeriö, Swedish: inrikesministeriet) is one of the Finnish Government's twelve ministries and is responsible for matters related to internal security such as counter-terrorism, policing, fire & rescue services, and border control, as well as migration issues. The ministry is also responsible for matters relating to the flag of Finland and the coats of arms. The ministry is led by the Minister of the Interior, Mari Rantanen of the Finns Party.

The Ministry of the Interior's budget for 2018 is €1,463,996,000. The ministry employs 190 people.
Lenka Termerová
Lenka Termerová (born 12 July 1947) is a Czech film, stage and television actress. She won the Czech Lion award for Best Supporting Actress in 2008 for her role in the film Děti noci. She is the mother of actress Martha Issová.

Velmi křehké vztahy
Velmi křehké vztahy (Very Fragile Relationships) is a Czech TV series Prima, which was broadcast in 2007–2009. It is a continuation of the series Rodinná pouta and falls into the soap opera genre. The main theme is love and relationships, but during the second series, the romantic scenes were reduced and the makers focused more on the crime plot and action scenes.

Velmi křehké vztahy aired from 2 January 2007 until then, the series carried the title Rodinná pouta. However, this naming was legally prohibited. The Family Ties dispute was a dispute between two production companies. The first two series of the series were produced by Pro TV, but the third was commissioned by Prima to Etamp. Pro TV didn't like that, so it asked the court for a preliminary injunction to ban the production. The series continued to be filmed, but already under the name Velmi křehké vztahy. The series has four seasons, the authors are the Bártů sisters.
2014 US Open – Boys' doubles
Kamil Majchrzak and Martin Redlicki were the defending champions, having won the event in 2013. However, neither participated in the 2014 event; Redlicki's age by the 2014 event's qualifying cutoff made him ineligible to continue to participate in junior events and Majchrzak chose not to participate.

Omar Jasika and Naoki Nakagawa won the tournament after beating Rafael Matos and João Menezes in the final, 6–3, 7–6(8–6).

Rafael Matos
Rafael Fabris de Matos (born 6 January 1996) is a Brazilian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 26, achieved on 6 February 2023 and a singles ranking of No. 440, reached on 21 May 2018. His most notable result is a major mixed doubles title at the 2023 Australian Open, playing with compatriot Luisa Stefani. They became the first Brazilian pair to win a major.

Matos has won thirteen ATP Tour titles in doubles. He represents Brazil at the Davis Cup.
St. Mary's Church, Bellaghy
St. Mary's Church is a Roman Catholic church in Bellaghy, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is the final resting place of Nobel Prize in Literature laureate Seamus Heaney. It is also the place where IRA hunger-strikers Francis Hughes and Thomas McElwee are buried.

Francis Hughes
Francis Joseph Sean Hughes (28 February 1956 – 12 May 1981) was a volunteer in the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) from Bellaghy, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Hughes was the most wanted man in Northern Ireland until his arrest following a shoot-out with the British Army in which a British soldier was killed. At his trial, he was sentenced to a total of 83 years' imprisonment; he died during the 1981 Irish hunger strike in HM Prison Maze. Hughes was one of 22 Irish republicans who died on hunger-strike between 1917 and 1981.
Balkhash marinka
The Balkhash marinka (Schizothorax argentatus), is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Schizothorax of the family Cyprinidae which is found in the Lake Balkhash  basins in Kazakhstan and Xinjiang. It uses gravel substrates for spawning and the unshed roe is toxic.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
Manuel Homem
Manuel Gomes da Conceição Homem (born 24 November 1979) is an Angolan engineer and politician. He has been, since September 2022, the provincial governor of Luanda. He is also the 1st Provincial Secretary of the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) in Luanda and a member of the 8th Politburo. He had served as the Minister of Telecommunications, Information Technology, and Social Communication prior to that.

MPLA
The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola, abbr. MPLA), from 1977 to 1990 called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (Portuguese: Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola – Partido do Trabalho), is an Angolan social democratic political party. The MPLA fought against the Portuguese Army in the Angolan War of Independence from 1961 to 1974, and defeated the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) and the National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) in the Angolan Civil War, which has been described as "one of the longest, most brutal and deadliest wars of the last century." The party has ruled Angola since the country's independence from Portugal in 1975, being the de facto government throughout the civil war and continuing to rule afterwards.
Sobakówek
Sobakówek [sɔbaˈkuvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gorzkowice, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Gorzkowice, 19 km (12 mi) south-west of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 60 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków County
Piotrków County (Polish: powiat piotrkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Piotrków Trybunalski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Piotrków County are Sulejów, which lies 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and Wolbórz (classed as a town since 1 January 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,429.12 square kilometres (551.8 sq mi). In 2006, its total population was 90,227, made up of 6,387 in Sulejów and a rural population of 83,840.
Christodoulos Kalergis
Christodoulos Kalergis (Greek: Χριστόδουλος Καλέργης, 1678–1683 – 1740), also known as Christodoulos Kallergis, was a Greek painter. He is one of the few Greek painters that were not from Crete or the Ionian Islands. He was from the Cyclades. He was active on the island of Mykonos and the Peloponnese Region. He is a member of the Neo-Hellenikos Diafotismos in art and the Greek Rococo period. Emmanuel Skordilis brought the art of Crete to the Cyclades. He influenced Kalergis and other local artists. Kalergis's most notable piece is the Virgin and Child.  His art resembles a mixture of late Byzantine art and the Venetian influenced maniera greca.  Ten of his paintings and four frescos have survived. Around the period, another famous artist Nikolaos Kallergis shared the same last name.

Peloponnese (region)
The Peloponnese Region (Greek: Περιφέρεια Πελοποννήσου, romanized: Periféria Peloponnísou, [periˈferia pelopoˈnisu]) is a region in southern Greece. It borders Western Greece to the north and Attica to the north-east. The region has an area of about 15,490 square kilometres (5,980 square miles). It covers most of the Peloponnese peninsula, except for the northwestern subregions of Achaea and Elis which belong to Western Greece and a small portion of the Argolid peninsula that is part of Attica.
Jesus Vargas (general)
Jesus Miranda Vargas (22 March 1905 – 25 March 1994) was a retired Filipino lieutenant general who served as Secretary of National Defense and Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. In his later years, he was the Secretary-General of Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) which was based in Bangkok, Thailand.

Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) was an international organization for collective defense in Southeast Asia created by the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty signed in September 1954 in Manila, Philippines. The formal institution of SEATO was established on 19 February 1955 at a meeting of treaty partners in Bangkok, Thailand. The organization's headquarters was also in Bangkok. A total of eight members joined the organization in its lifetime.

Primarily created to block further communist gains in Southeast Asia, SEATO is generally considered a failure, as internal conflict and dispute hindered general use of the SEATO military; however, SEATO-funded cultural and educational programs left longstanding effects in Southeast Asia. SEATO was dissolved on 30 June 1977, after many of its members lost interest and withdrew.
The Conquest of Bread
The Conquest of Bread is an 1892 book by the Russian anarchist Peter Kropotkin. Originally written in French, it first appeared as a series of articles in the anarchist journal Le Révolté. It was first published in Paris with a preface by Élisée Reclus, who also suggested the title. Between 1892 and 1894, it was serialized in part in the London journal Freedom, of which Kropotkin was a co-founder.

In the work, Kropotkin identified what he considered to be the defects of the economic systems of feudalism and capitalism, and argued that these systems thrive on and maintain poverty and scarcity. He proceeded to propose a more decentralized economic system based on mutual aid and voluntary cooperation, asserting that the tendencies for this kind of organization already exist, both in evolution and in human society.

The Conquest of Bread has become a classic of political anarchist literature. It was heavily influential on the Occupy movement.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
2018 Wyoming elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Wyoming on November 6, 2018. All of Wyoming's executive offices were up for election, as well as a United States Senate seat and Wyoming's at-large seat in the United States House of Representatives. Primary elections were held on August 21, 2018.

2016 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming
The 2016 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming was held on November 8, 2016, to elect the U.S. representative from Wyoming's at-large congressional district, who would represent the state of Wyoming in the 115th United States Congress. The election coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. Incumbent Republican Cynthia Lummis decided to retire instead of seeking a fifth term. Liz Cheney was elected to the seat to succeed Lummis.

The filing period for candidates lasted from May 12 to 27, 2016, and the primaries were held on August 16. Republican attorney Liz Cheney, daughter of former Vice President of the United States Dick Cheney, and Democratic energy executive Ryan Greene won their respective primaries.
I Believe My Heart (song)
"I Believe My Heart" is a duet between Duncan James of English boy band Blue and British soprano Keedie Babb. The song was James' first release as a solo artist, shortly before Blue went on hiatus. The song was written by David Zippel (lyrics) and Andrew Lloyd Webber (music) for use in the Lloyd Webber musical The Woman in White, which premiered the same year. Upon its release in October 2004, the single debuted and peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart. Outside the UK, the song reached the top 20 in Italy and also charted in Belgium, Germany, Ireland, and Switzerland.

Duncan James
Duncan Matthew James Inglis (born 7 April 1978) is an English singer, actor and television presenter. He is a member of the boy band Blue and later played the role of Ryan Knight in the British soap opera Hollyoaks.
XL Bermuda Open
The XL Bermuda Open was a tennis tournament played in 1993 and from 1995 until 2008 on clay courts. The event was held annually in Paget in Bermuda and was part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was part of the ATP World Tour in 1995 and 1996.

Hernán Gumy and Flávio Saretta were the title holders in singles, with two win each.

Mark Knowles, Doug Flach and Richey Reneberg were the record holders on doubles titles with two victories each one. The last two as partners.

Doug Flach
Doug Flach (born August 10, 1970) is a former tennis player from the United States.

Flach won two doubles titles during his career. The right-hander reached his highest individual ranking on the ATP Tour on March 21, 1994, when he reached World No. 108. He defeated Andre Agassi (seeded third) in the first round at Wimbledon in 1996 but lost in the third round. He also defeated Agassi in 1997 at Washington, D.C.

Additionally, Flach had career wins over Ivan Lendl, Pat Rafter, Gustavo Kuerten, and Thomas Johansson. Flach won two doubles titles: one with Paul Annacone and the other with Sandon Stolle. He retired in 1999.

Flach was an All-American at the University of Tennessee in 1990.  His older brother Ken was a prominent tour doubles player in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Nils Schillmark
Nils Schillmark (26 September 1745 – 28 January 1804) was a Swedish painter who lived and worked in the part of Sweden that later would be Finland.

Schillmark was born in Skellefteå as the youngest son in a farmer's family. He initially studied in Stockholm and then moved to Sveaborg (Suomenlinna) in the eastern part of Sweden (now Finland) in 1773. He painted portraits, still lifes, and landscapes, particularly river landscapes. Schillmark along with Isak Wacklin were early Finnish landscape painters. He also painted nature works similar to the Von Wright brothers, such as hunting and fishing scenes. In Helsinki he painted portraits of officers and non-socialists. In 1776 he traveled and worked in Loviisa and Heinola, eventually settling at the provincial governor's residence in Kymenkartano. In 1782 he painted portraits of the bishop of Porvoo and a merchant and his wife in Loviisa. Some of his works can be found at the Ateneum and the City Museum of Heinola.  He died in Loviisa.

Ateneum
Ateneum is an art museum in Helsinki, Finland and one of the three museums forming the Finnish National Gallery. It is located in the centre of Helsinki on the south side of Rautatientori square close to Helsinki Central railway station. It has the biggest collections of classical art in Finland. Before 1991 the Ateneum building also housed the Finnish Academy of Fine Arts and University of Art and Design Helsinki.
Ein Elhamra
Ein Elhamra (Arabic: عين الحمرا)  is a Syrian village located in Jisr al-Shughur Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ein Elhamra had a population of 1164 in the 2004 census.

Jisr ash-Shughur Subdistrict
Jisr ash-Shughur Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية مركز جسر الشغور)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Jisr ash-Shughur District in Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jisr ash-Shughur Subdistrict had a population of 89,028 in the 2004 census.