hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bill Duff
Bill Duff (born February 24, 1974) is a former National Football League, NFL Europe, and Arena Football League defensive tackle, and host of Human Weapon on the History Channel. He holds a brown belt in Tang Soo Do, a Korean martial art he refers to as "Korean Street Fighting".

Duff grew up in Delran Township, New Jersey and attended Delran High School, where he was also an All-American wrestler.

Duff was the co-captain of the 1997 Tennessee Volunteers. He played for the Cleveland Browns in their expansion year. He started for the Orlando Rage in the XFL and played in 2002 for the Berlin Thunder of NFL Europe. He later played in the Arena Football League for the Indiana Firebirds and Columbus Destroyers.

Tang Soo Do
Tang Soo Do (Korean: 당수도; Hanja: 唐手道; pronounced [taŋ.su.do]) is a Korean martial art based on karate which can include fighting principles from taekkyeon, subak, as well as northern Chinese martial arts. From its beginnings in 1944 to today, Tang Soo Do is used by some Kwans to identify the traditional Korean fusion of fighting styles. In the mid 1950s, it became the basis for the martial art taekwondo when the Korean Nine Kwans united.

In contemporary context, many Korean martial arts entities continued to use Tang Soo Do to preserve the elements of Korean martial arts that evolved from the original nine kwans' karate roots and were lost in transition to taekwondo. The techniques of what is commonly known as Tang Soo Do combine elements of Shōtōkan, Subak, Taekkyon, and fung gu.
Bold They Rise
Bold They Rise: The Space Shuttle Early Years (1972-1986) is a 2014 non-fiction book by David Hitt and Heather R. Smith. Bold They Rise tells the story of the Space Shuttle through the personal experiences of the astronauts, engineers, and scientists who made it happen—in space and on the ground, from the days of research and design through the heroic accomplishments of the program to the tragic last minutes of the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.

The book is part of the Outward Odyssey spaceflight history series by the University of Nebraska Press.

The book title is based on a poem by space historian Colin Burgess.

Colin Burgess (author)
Colin Burgess (born March 1947) is an Australian author and historian, specializing in space flight and military history.  He is a former customer service manager for Qantas Airways, and a regular contributor to the collectSPACE online community. He lives in New South Wales.

Two of Burgess's co-authored 2007 books, Into That Silent Sea: Trailblazers of the Space Era, 1961–1965 and In the Shadow of the Moon: A Challenging Journey to Tranquility, 1965–1969 were named as finalists for the 2007 Eugene M. Emme Award given by the American Astronautical Society.

In the Shadow of the Moon was also named as "2009 Outstanding Academic Title" by Choice Magazine.
The Destiny of White Snake
The Destiny of White Snake (Chinese: 天乩之白蛇传说) is a 2018 Chinese television series loosely based on the Chinese ancient folk legend Legend of the White Snake. It stars Yang Zi, Ren Jialun, Mao Zijun and Li Man. The series airs on iQiyi from July 9, 2018.

IQIYI
iQIYI (Chinese: 爱奇艺; pinyin: Àiqíyì, pronounced in English as eye-CHEE-yee), formerly Qiyi (奇艺; Qíyì), is a Chinese subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service owned by Baidu. Headquartered in Beijing, iQIYI primarily produces and distributes films and television series.

iQIYI is currently one of the largest online video sites in the world, with nearly 6 billion hours spent on its service each month and over 500 million monthly active users. On March 29, 2018, the company issued its initial public offering in the United States and raised $2.25 billion.
MTV (Pakistani TV channel)
MTV Pakistan was the Pakistani subsidiary of MTV, a cable television network owned by Viacom. The Pakistan franchise was set up in collaboration with Pakistan's first satellite channel media group known as Indus Media Group (Indus TV). Indus TV was Pakistan's second private television broadcaster after STN.

Shalimar Television Network
Shalimar Television Network (STN) was the first semi-government television channel of Pakistan, the first to break up the monopoly of the state-owned Pakistan Television (PTV). STN started its broadcast in 1990 with the name of People's Television Network (PTN) under the umbrella of Shalimar Recording Company from Islamabad. Later on, it started transmissions from Karachi, Lahore and by the mid-1990s, it was available in the whole country at terrestrial beam. In 1991, the name of PTN was changed to STN (Shalimar TV Network).
2011 Central Arkansas Bears football team
The 2011 Central Arkansas Bears football team represented the University of Central Arkansas as a  member of the Southland Conference during the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by 12th-year head coach Clint Conque, the Bears compiled an overall record of 9–4 with a mark of 6–1 in conference play placing second in the Southland. Central Arkansas received an at-large bid into the NCAA Division I FCS Football Championship playoffs, where the Bears defeated Tennessee Tech in the first round before falling to Montana in the second round.

Central Arkansas played home games at Estes Stadium in Conway, Arkansas. Estes Stadium had a new playing surface for 2011, a synthetic turf that is striped purple and gray with black endzones. The field is the third non-green field in NCAA Division I football behind Albertsons Stadium at Boise State University (blue) and Roos Field at Eastern Washington University (red).

2011 Montana Grizzlies football team
The 2011 Montana Grizzlies football team represented the University of Montana in the 2011 NCAA Division I FCS football season. were led by second-year head coach Robin Pflugrad and played their home games at Washington–Grizzly Stadium. They are a member of the Big Sky Conference.

The team finished the regular season with an overall 9–2 record, 7–1 in Big Sky play. They then won two FCS playoff games, before being eliminated in the semifinals by Sam Houston State, thus ending their season with an overall 11–3 record. On  July 26, 2013, Montana was sanctioned by the NCAA, which found that "boosters provided extra benefits to players." Montana vacated its last two conference games of the 2011 season (two wins), its last non-conference game of the regular season (one win), and its participation in the NCAA playoffs (two wins, semifinals loss), resulting in an official record of 6–2 overall, 5–1 in conference play.
Midland Railway 990 Class
The Midland Railway 990 class was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotive with simple expansion. Ten were built by the Midland Railway in 1907–1909. They shared many features with the 1000 class compounds. Initially built as saturated, from 1910 to 1914 they were equipped with superheated boilers. These locomotives were notable for their work north of Leeds, over the difficult Settle and Carlisle route.

Superheater
A superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or dry steam. Superheated steam is used in steam turbines for electricity generation, in some steam engines, and in processes such as steam reforming. There are three types of superheaters: radiant, convection, and separately fired. A superheater can vary in size from a few tens of feet to several hundred feet (a few metres to some hundred metres).
2023–24 Florida Gulf Coast Eagles women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Florida Gulf Coast Eagles women's basketball team represented Florida Gulf Coast University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Eagles, led by 22nd-year head coach Karl Smesko, played their home games at the Alico Arena in Fort Myers, Florida and were members of the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN).

The Eagles finished the season 29–5, 16–0 in ASUN play, to finish as ASUN regular-season champions for the seventh consecutive season. They defeated Jacksonville, Austin Peay and Central Arkansas to win their eighth consecutive ASUN tournament title and earn the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. They received the #12 seed in the Albany Regional 1, where they fell to #5 region seed Oklahoma in the first round.

2023–24 Austin Peay Governors women's basketball team
The 2023–24 Austin Peay Governors women's basketball team represented Austin Peay State University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Governors, led by third-year head coach Brittany Young, played their home games at the newly opened F&M Bank Arena located in Clarksville, Tennessee as members of the ASUN Conference.
Periapical cyst
Commonly known as a dental cyst, the periapical cyst is the most common odontogenic cyst.  It may develop rapidly from a periapical granuloma, as a consequence of untreated chronic periapical periodontitis.

Periapical is defined as "the tissues surrounding the apex of the root of a tooth" and a cyst is "a pathological cavity lined by epithelium, having fluid or gaseous content that is not created by the accumulation of pus."

Most frequently located in the maxillary anterior region, the cyst is caused by pulpal necrosis secondary to dental caries or trauma. Its lining is derived from the epithelial cell rests of Malassez which proliferate to form the cyst. Such cysts are very common. Although initially asymptomatic, they are clinically significant because secondary infection can cause pain and damage. In radiographs, the cyst appears as a radiolucency (dark area) around the apex of a tooth's root.

Periapical granuloma
Periapical granuloma, also sometimes referred to as a radicular granuloma or apical granuloma, is an inflammation at the tip of a dead (nonvital) tooth. It is a lesion or mass that typically starts out as an epithelial lined cyst, and undergoes an inward curvature that results in inflammation of granulation tissue at the root tips of a dead tooth. This is usually due to dental caries or a bacterial infection of the dental pulp. Periapical granuloma is an infrequent disorder that has an occurrence rate between 9.3 and 87.1 percent. Periapical granuloma is not a true granuloma due to the fact that it does not contain granulomatous inflammation; however, periapical granuloma is a common term used.
International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres
The International Association of Music Libraries, Archives and Documentation Centres (IAML) is an organisation of libraries with music departments, music conservatory libraries, radio and orchestra archives, university institutes, music documentation centers, music publishers, and music dealers that fosters international cooperation and promotes music bibliography and music library science. 
It was founded in Paris in 1951 and its three official languages are English, German, and French.

Library and information science
Library and information science (LIS) are two academic disciplines that study all aspects of the creation, organization, documentation, management, communication, and use of recorded information. It underlies a variety of professional activities such as information management, librarianship, and archiving and records management, educating professionals for work in those areas, and carrying out research to improve practice.

Library science and information science are two original disciplines; however, they are within the same field of study. Library science is applied information science, as well as a subfield of information science. Due to the strong connection, sometimes the two terms are used synonymously.
Marra, New South Wales
Marra Parish is a Civil Parish of Killara County, New South Wales.

Marra Parish is on the Darling River at 30°59′31″S 144°20′00″E just outside the town of Tilpa, New South Wales, located in Central Darling Shire.
The Parish is mainly an agricultural area, with sheep grazing the primary activity, and some pockets of irrigated land along the river. Tourism, including farmstay programs on local stations, is the other major local industry. Fishing and camping are popular along the river.

The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BSh (Hot semi-desert).

Tilpa
Tilpa is a town in the Far West region of New South Wales, Australia.  The town is located on the Darling River, in the Central Darling Shire local government area, 917 kilometres (570 mi) north west of the state capital, Sydney.

At the 2021 census, Tilpa and the large surrounding area had a population of 46.  The town itself is said to have a population of nine.

The Darling River at Tilpa has erratic flows and is often dry in periods of drought. However floods in 1956 saw the Darling River span 80 kilometres (50 mi) at its widest, isolating Tilpa for five months.
Boston University Terriers football
The Boston University Terriers football team was the American football team for Boston University located in Boston, Massachusetts. The school's first football team was fielded in 1884, and the program was discontinued in 1997. The Terriers football team compiled an all-time record of 323–390–34. The team competed in NCAA Division I-AA from its formation in 1978, as members of the Yankee Conference and later the Atlantic 10 Conference.

Boston University terminated the varsity football program on homecoming weekend in 1997, during a one-win season in the Atlantic 10. Players were allowed to keep their four-year scholarships or transfer without NCAA penalties. At the time of its termination the program ran at an annual loss of $2.91 million. Boston University has used the former football scholarships to comply with Title IX requirements. Boston University still fields a club football squad in the modern Yankee Conference.

Homecoming
Homecoming is the tradition of welcoming back alumni or other former members of an organization to celebrate the organization's existence. It is a tradition in many high schools, colleges, and churches in the United States and Canada.
Jeri Kehn Thompson
Jeri Kehn Thompson (born September 30, 1966) is an American radio talk show host, columnist for The American Spectator, political commentator, and former political consultant for the Washington, D.C. law firm of Verner Liipfert.  She has also worked for the Senate Republican Conference and the Republican National Committee. She was also employed with the public relations and lobbying firm Burson-Marsteller.

From 2002 until his death in 2015, Thompson was married to Fred Thompson, former United States Senator, lawyer, lobbyist, screen actor, and 2008 U.S. Republican Party presidential candidate.

The American Spectator
The American Spectator is a conservative American magazine covering news and politics, edited by R. Emmett Tyrrell Jr. and published by the non-profit American Spectator Foundation. It was founded in 1967 by Tyrrell (the current editor-in-chief) and Wladyslaw Pleszczynski.

The magazine has featured the writings of several authors such as Canadian Malcolm Gladwell, Greg Gutfeld and Dinesh D'Souza. Current frequently contributing writings include Daniel Flynn, Paul Kengor, Robert Stacy McCain, Scott McKay, George Neumayr, and George Parry.

It gained popularity in the 1990s during its investigation of Bill Clinton under what became known as its Arkansas Project. During this same time period, The American Spectator received a $1.8 million donation from Richard Mellon Scaife. Despite this success, the magazine has not been able to maintain the circulation it reached at the time, and has been criticized for its editorial stances.
Environmental Chemistry (journal)
Environmental Chemistry is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by CSIRO Publishing. It covers all aspects of environmental chemistry, including atmospheric chemistry, (bio)geochemistry, climate change, marine chemistry, water chemistry, polar chemistry, fire chemistry, astrochemistry, earth and geochemistry, soil and sediment chemistry, and chemical toxicology. The editor-in-chief is Jamie Lead (University of South Carolina).

CSIRO Publishing
CSIRO Publishing is an Australian-based science and technology publisher. It publishes books, journals and magazines across a range of scientific disciplines, including agriculture, chemistry, plant and animal sciences, natural history and environmental management. It also produces interactive learning modules for primary school students and provides writing workshops for researchers.

CSIRO Publishing operates within the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). It was established as a stand-alone business unit in 1995.
Nosov
Nosov (Russian: Носов, from нос meaning nose) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Nosova. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Nosov (born 1995), Russian football forward

Maksim Nosov (born 1976), Russian football player

Nikolay Nosov (1908–1976), Soviet children's literature writer

Tamara Nosova (1927–2007), Russian actress

Victor Nosov (disambiguation)
Viktor Nosov (pilot) (1923–1945), Soviet World War II hero
Viktor Nosov (footballer), Soviet footballer and coach from Ukraine

Vitaly Nosov (born 1968), Russian basketball player

Yevgeni Nosov (writer) (1925–2002), Russian writer

Yuliya Pechonkina (born Nosova in 1978), Russian sprinter

Vitaly Nosov
Vitaly Yevgenyevich Nosov (Russian: Виталий Евгеньевич Носов; born 1 February 1968  in Moscow, USSR) is a retired Russian professional basketball player. He was part of the Russian squad that won the silver medal at the 1994 and 1998 FIBA World Championship.
HDMS Hvide Ørn (1798)
HDMS Hvide Ørn (White Eagle),
was a  light frigate designed by Frantz Hohlenberg and built in Copenhagen. She capsized and was lost with all hands off Corsica at the end of 1799. There were three previous ships bearing this name in the Danish navy. The name was after the loss of the ship retired. An 1898 model of the ship is in the collection of the Royal Danish Naval Museum.

Royal Danish Naval Museum
The Royal Danish Naval Museum (Danish: Orlogsmuseet) is a museum dedicated to the history of the Royal Danish Navy. The displays include a collection of naval models which dates back to late 17th century. The museum is based in Søkvæsthuset, a former naval hospice which overlooks Christianshavn Canal.

The museum is a branch of the Museum of Military History which also includes the Tøjhus Museum at Slotsholmen and three museum ships, the frigate HDMS Peder Skram, the fast attack craft HDMS Sehested, and the submarine HDMS Sælen, all located at Holmen.
Cowman (surname)
Cowman is an occupational surname of Norman origin. from cowman.  A rare surname throughout the world today, Cowman is most common in Ireland.

As an Irish surname, it is anglicised from Irish Gaelic surname Ó Comáin.

Notable persons with that surname include:

Alan Cowman (born 1954), Australian malaria researcher

Charles Cowman (1868–1924), American missionary to Japan

Dick Cowman (b. 1949), rugby player

Joseph Cowman (fl. 1705–1748), one of the founders of the Patuxent Iron Works

Lettie Cowman (1870–1960), American author

Roz Cowman (born 1942), is an Irish poet and critic

Stan Cowman (1923–2003), New Zealand cricket umpire

Alan Cowman
Alan Frederick Cowman AC, FRS, FAA, CorrFRSE, FAAHMS, FASP, FASM (born 27 December 1954) is an internationally acclaimed malaria researcher whose work specialises in researching the malaria-causing parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, and the molecular mechanisms it uses to evade host responses and antimalarial drugs. As of May 2024, he is the deputy directory and Laboratory Head of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI) in Melbourne, and his laboratory continues to work on understanding how Plasmodium falciparum, infects humans and causes disease. He was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society in 2011 and awarded the Companion of the Order of Australia in 2019 for his "eminent service to the biological sciences, notably to molecular parasitology, to medical research and scientific education, and as a mentor."
To Duck or Not to Duck
To Duck or Not to Duck is a 1943 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Chuck Jones. The cartoon was released on March 6, 1943, and stars Daffy Duck and Elmer Fudd.

In 1971, the cartoon entered the public domain in the United States because United Artists, the owner of the Associated Artists Productions library, did not renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication.

Copyright registration
The purpose of copyright registration is to place on record a verifiable account of the date and content of the work in question, so that in the event of a legal claim, or case of infringement or plagiarism, the copyright owner can produce a copy of the work from an official government source.

Before 1978, in the United States, federal copyright was generally secured by the act of publication with notice of copyright or by registration of an unpublished work. This has now been largely superseded by international conventions, principally the Berne Convention, which provide rights harmonized at an international level without a requirement for national registration. However, the U.S. still provides legal advantages for registering works of U.S. origin. For example, a registration, or a refusal of registration, is required before an infringement suit may be filed in a US court and registration is required for claiming statutory damages in most cases.
Chen Xirong
Chen Xirong (born 1953 in Guangzhou) is a former Chinese international football player, coach, and a media pundit. He played for Guangdong FC where he won the club's first ever Chinese league title in 1979, while internationally he represented China in the 1976 Asian Cup and in the 1980 Asian Cup. After retiring, he moved into management where he joined Guangdong FC's cantonese rival Guangzhou FC before becoming a media pundit for Guangdong sports channel.

1976 AFC Asian Cup
The 1976 AFC Asian Cup was the 6th edition of the men's AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). The finals were hosted by Iran between 3 and 13 June 1976. The field of six teams was split into two groups of three. Iran won their third title in a row, beating Kuwait in the final.
Keith Seabrook
Keith Seabrook (born August 2, 1988) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played four seasons in the AHL for the Abbotsford Heat, Manitoba Moose and San Antonio Rampage and the Rockford IceHogs and one season in Italy's Serie A for the HC Pustertal Wölfe before taking a time-out from hockey midway through the 2012–13 season.

San Antonio Rampage
The San Antonio Rampage were a professional ice hockey team in the American Hockey League based in San Antonio, Texas. The Rampage was primarily owned by Spurs Sports & Entertainment throughout the team's existence. In 2020, the franchise was sold to the Vegas Golden Knights and relocated as the Henderson Silver Knights.
Grate firing
Grate firing is a type of industrial combustion system used for solid fuels.
It now is used mainly for burning waste and biomass, but also for smaller coal furnaces.

Capacities 0.3 to 175 MWth in industry and CHP

Fuel fired per grate area 1-2 MW/m2, maximum grate area 100 m2

Grates are typical only suitable for coarse particles, for fine particles a spreader is required, increases max. capacity

Primary air through the grate (also used for cooling) and secondary air

Biomass
Biomass is material produced by the growth of microorganisms, plants or animals. Beyond this general definition, there are differences in how the term is used and applied depending on industry or subject-matter norms. For example, it may be more narrowly defined as just plant matter, or as a combination of plant and animal matter.