hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Liverpool (1814)
HMS Liverpool was a Royal Navy Endymion-class frigate, reclassified as a fourth rate. She was built by Wigram, Wells and Green and launched at Woolwich on 21 February 1814. She was built of pitch-pine, which made for speedy construction at the expense of durability.

Her major service was on the East Indies Station from where in 1819 she led the successful punitive campaign against the Al Qasimi, a belligerent naval power based in Ras Al Khaimah which the British considered to be piratical. She was sold in 1822 but continued to operate in the Persian Gulf for an indefinite period thereafter.

Al Qasimi
The Al Qasimi (Arabic: القاسمي, spelled sometimes as Al Qassimi or Al Qassemi; plural: Al Qawasem Arabic: القواسم and, archaically, Joasmee) is an Arab dynasty and tribe that rules Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah, today forming two of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates. They are one of the longest reigning royal families in the Arabian peninsula. Historically, they also ruled over the town of Lengeh as sheikhs for a century until its annexation by Iran in 1887.

The Qawasem were a confederation of Sunni tribes in south eastern Gulf region surrounding the cities of Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah; and faced strong rivalry with the Omani empire for naval domination along the Persian Gulf. Due to their allegiance to the Emirate of Dir'iyah, the British Empire branded them as "pirates" and fought two major military campaigns against them in 1809 and 1819.
1,4-Dibromobenzene
1,4-Dibromobenzene (p-dibromobenzene) is an aryl bromide and isomer of dibromobenzene that is solid at room temperature. It has a strong smell similar to that of the lighter chlorine analogue. It can be used as a precursor to the dye 6,6-dibromoindigo.

Tyrian purple
Tyrian purple (Ancient Greek: πορφύρα porphúra; Latin: purpura), also known as royal purple, imperial purple, imperial dye, or simply tyrian, is a reddish-purple natural dye. The name Tyrian refers to the city of Tyre in ancient Phoenicia (modern-day Lebanon). It is secreted by several species of predatory sea snails in the family Muricidae, rock snails originally known by the name Murex (Bolinus brandaris, Hexaplex trunculus and Stramonita haemastoma). In ancient times, extracting this dye involved tens of thousands of snails and substantial labour, and as a result, the dye was highly valued. The coloured compound is 6,6'-dibromoindigo.
Terrance Hayes
Terrance Hayes (born November 18, 1971) is an American poet and educator who has published seven poetry collections. His 2010 collection, Lighthead, won the National Book Award for Poetry in 2010. In 2014, he received a MacArthur Fellowship.

He was a professor of creative writing at Carnegie Mellon University until 2013, then taught in the English Department at the University of Pittsburgh. Currently, he teaches at New York University.

Whiting Awards
The Whiting Award is an American award presented annually to ten emerging writers in fiction, nonfiction, poetry and drama. The award is sponsored by the Mrs. Giles Whiting Foundation and has been presented since 1985. As of 2021, winners receive US$50,000.

The nominees are chosen through a juried process, and the final winners are selected by a committee of writers, scholars, and editors, selected each year by the Foundation. Writers cannot apply for the prize themselves, and the Foundation does not accept unsolicited nominations.
Helmut Humbach
Helmut Humbach (* December 4, 1921 in Munich; † April 3, 2017 in Mainz) was a German linguist and Iranist. He was a professor of Indo-European philology at University of Mainz. He is recognized particularly for his work on the Gathas of Zarathustra.

Prods Oktor Skjaervo
Prods Oktor Skjærvø (sometimes written P.O. Skjaervo in English) is Emeritus Professor of Iranian Studies in the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at Harvard University, where he succeeded Richard Frye as Aga Khan Professor of Iranian Studies.

Born in Steinkjer, Norway, Skjærvø is a hyperpolyglot, familiar with historical and living languages including Old Norse, Norwegian, English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Latin, Larestani, Kumzari, Bashkardi, Pashto, Yidgha, Yaghnobi, Munji, Old Khotanese, Avestan, Old Persian, Pahlavi, Manichean Middle Persian, Parthian, Sogdian, Khotanese, New Persian, Ossetic, Kurdish, Tokharian, Vedic, and Classical Sanskrit.
Amber Hurst Martin
Amber Hurst Martin is an American singer and actress. Her first national tour was with Jesus Christ Superstar and she has also appeared across the U.S., the Caribbean and South Korea with Disney Cruises, Sunfish The Musical and the It Gets Better Tour. Her television appearances as a solo vocalist with the It Gets Better tour cast include Dance Moms and I Am Cait.

Amber is known for her "dazz[ling] agile pop-belt tone quality." Her solo cabaret "You Can't Act a Color" made its world premiere at Rockwell Table & Stage in Los Angeles on September 5, 2017.

Disney Cruise Line
Disney Cruise Line is the cruise line subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company. Incorporated in 1996 as Magical Cruise Company, Limited with the launch of its first vessel, the company is domiciled in London, England, with its operational headquarters in Celebration, Florida. As of 2026, Disney Cruise Line operates seven ships: Disney Magic, Disney Wonder, Disney Dream, Disney Fantasy, Disney Wish, Disney Treasure, and Disney Destiny, with an eighth ship, Disney Adventure, scheduled to enter service in March 2026. Five additional ships are on order and are expected to enter service by 2031. The cruise line operates two private destinations in The Bahamas used exclusively by Disney ships: Castaway Cay, a 1,000-acre (400 ha) private island, and Lookout Cay at Lighthouse Point, a 600-acre (240 ha) destination on the southern end of Eleuthera. Disney Cruise Line also operates exclusive-use cruise terminals in Florida at Port Canaveral and Port Everglades.
Jadwiga Rappé
Jadwiga Rappé (24 February 1952 – 16 May 2025) was a Polish contralto who made an international career in concert and opera, performing a wide range of repertoire. She was based at the Grand Theatre, Warsaw, and taught voice at the Fryderyk Chopin University of Music. Her signature role was Erda in Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen, a character that she portrayed first at the Deutsche Oper Berlin in 1988 and then in several other European capitals. Many compositions were written for her voice.

Antoni Wit
Antoni Wit (born 7 February 1944) is a Polish conductor, composer, lawyer and professor at the Fryderyk Chopin University of Music. Between 2002 and 2013, he served as the artistic director of the Warsaw National Philharmonic Orchestra.
Laurence Picken
Laurence Ernest Rowland Picken (16 July 1909 – 16 March 2007) was an ethnomusicologist and scientist. He had a wide research interest, and published works on cytology, biochemistry, musicology, Turkish musical instruments, and ancient Chinese and Japanese music.

Ethnomusicology
Ethnomusicology is the multidisciplinary study of music in its cultural context. The discipline investigates social, cognitive, biological, comparative, and other dimensions. Ethnomusicologists study music as a reflection of culture and investigate the act of music-making through various immersive, observational, and analytical approaches. This discipline emerged from comparative musicology, initially focusing on non-Western music, but later expanded to embrace the study of all different music.

The practice of ethnomusicology relies on direct engagement and performance, as well as academic work. Fieldwork takes place among those who make the music, engaging local languages and culture as well as music. Ethnomusicologists can become participant observers, learning to perform the music they are studying. Fieldworkers also collect recordings and contextual data.
Jesús Mena
Jesús Mena Campos (born 28 May 1968 in Gómez Palacio, Durango) is a Mexican former diver.

At his first Olympic Games in 1988 he won a bronze medal in the 10 metre platform event, while also placing seventh in the 3 metre springboard competition.

His final Olympic performance came in 1992 where he placed twelfth in the platform diving. He carried the flag at the opening ceremony of the 1992 Barcelona Games.

Gómez Palacio, Durango
Gómez Palacio is a city and its surrounding municipality in northeastern Durango, Mexico, adjacent to the border of the state of Coahuila. The city is named in honor of former Durango governor, Francisco Gómez Palacio y Bravo.

As of 2010, the city of Gómez Palacio had a population of 327,985, up from 304,515 as of 2005, making it the state's second-largest community. The municipality (including the city) population was 327,985. The municipality's area is 990.2 square kilometres (382.3 sq mi). The municipality and city are part of a large metropolitan area called the Comarca Lagunera Metropolitan Area, which includes Torreón Municipality and Matamoros Municipality in Coahuila, as well as Lerdo Municipality in Durango. The metropolitan area had an official population of 1,215,817 persons in 2010.
Bettye Stull
Bettye J. Stull (June 13, 1931 in Wheeling, West Virginia) is a curator, arts educator, and collector and is a pivotal figure in the Columbus Black arts community, known for her mentorship of young Black women, including artist April Sunami and activist Jessica Byrd. In her work as staff curator at the King Arts Complex, she was the founding director of the Elijah Pierce Gallery. Her other African and African-American art shows have appeared at the Ohio Craft Museum, the McCoy Community Arts Center, the Cultural Arts Center and several other area venues. She served as an art advisor for the Long Street Bridge “Culture Wall,” a collaboration between the City of Columbus, the Mid-Ohio Regional Planning Commission, and the Ohio Department of Transportation, which created an innovative arts-based solution to the long-standing problem of urban neighborhoods divided by freeways.

Cultural Arts Center
The Priscilla R. Tyson Cultural Arts Center is a combination art gallery and teaching space, primarily for visual artists and crafters, in downtown Columbus, Ohio.  It is a 38,500 square-foot space at 139 West Main Street, and is part of the city's Scioto Mile tourist district. Features of the space include a ceramics lab in the basement, with painting and weaving labs on upper floors. It offers community oriented arts classes at a variety of levels, and is also utilized as an events space.
Alleluia piis edite laudibus
Alleluia piis edite laudibus (Alleluia to the pious praises), also known as Alleluia perenne (Alleluia forever), is a medieval Latin hymn sung during the week before Septuagesima as a preparation for the dismissal of "Alleluia" during Lent.

Septuagesima
Septuagesima (/ˌsɛptjuəˈdʒɛsɪmə/) is the ninth Sunday before Easter, the third before Ash Wednesday. The term is sometimes applied to the seventy days starting on Septuagesima Sunday and ending on the Saturday after Easter.  Alternatively, the term is sometimes applied also to the period sometimes called pre-Lent that begins on this day and ends on Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday, when Lent begins.

The other two Sundays in this period of the liturgical year are called Sexagesima and Quinquagesima, the latter sometimes also called Shrove Sunday. The earliest date on which Septuagesima Sunday can occur is January 18 (Easter falling on March 22 in a common year) and the latest is February 22 (Easter falling on April 25 in a leap year).
Charles Humphries
Charles Humphries is an English countertenor, noted for performances of Baroque and Renaissance music. He is the director of Baroque music at the SIMF. He has performed at the Barbican Hall, Queen Elizabeth Hall, Wigmore Hall, Concertgebouw in Amsterdam and Palais des Beaux Arts in Brussels and across Europe.

Wigmore Hall
The Wigmore Hall is a concert hall at 36 Wigmore Street, in west London. It was designed by Thomas Edward Collcutt and opened in 1901 as the Bechstein Hall; it is considered to have particularly good acoustics. It specialises in performances of chamber music, early music, vocal music and song recitals, and hosts over five hundred concerts each year, as well as a weekly concert broadcast on BBC Radio 3. It has been a Grade II listed building since 1966.
Goa Dental College
Goa Dental College is located in Bambolim near Panjim, Goa, India, opposite Goa Medical College. It has a hospital facility as well and is affiliated to Goa University.

Courses offered include BDS and MDS; 50 students are enrolled in the BDS program each year.

Bambolim
Bambolim is a census town located in the southeastern part of the city of Panaji, the capital of the Indian state of Goa. It is completely located on the island of Tiswadi, one of the talukas in the state of Goa.

The only allopathic medical college in the state of Goa, Goa Medical College, is located here.
Plataea (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Plataea (/pləˈtiːə/; Ancient Greek: Πλάταια) was a (naiad) daughter of the river-god or king of Plataea, Asopus. She is possibly the same with another daughter of Asopus called Oeroe (Ὠερόη), the naiad of a stream in Plataea that also bears her name.

River gods (Greek mythology)
In ancient Greek religion and mythology, rivers (Ancient Greek: ποταμοί, romanized: potamoí) were often personified as deities, and in a number of ancient Greek cities river gods were the subject of local worship. In Hesiod's Theogony, the river gods are the offspring of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and the brothers of the Oceanids. In Greek mythology, river deities – such as Inachus, Scamander, and Peneus – are often progenitors of local genealogical lines.

In the Iliad, there are references to sacrifices being made to river deities, including the sacrifice of ephebes' hair. During military campaigns into foreign territory, there is evidence of sacrifices having been made to rivers upon their crossing. River deities could also be invoked as witnesses to an oath.

Depictions of river deities in ancient Greek art often combine anthropomorphic features with bull-like elements such as horns.
Letov LF-107 Luňák
The LF-107 Luňák (English: Kite, the bird of prey) is a Czech aerobatic glider designed by Prague-based company Rudý Letov in the late 1940s. The design was developed within a prolific group of aeronautical engineers and sailplane pilots, including K. Dlouhý (later author of LET L-13 Blaník), J. Matejček, and B. Boček, led by chief designer Vladimír Štros.

Letov Kbely
50°7′58.94″N 14°31′13.67″E﻿ / ﻿50.1330389°N 14.5204639°E﻿ / 50.1330389; 14.5204639

Letov is an aircraft company located in Letňany district of Prague, Czech Republic. It is the oldest aircraft company in the region.
Peter C. Gøtzsche
Peter Christian Gøtzsche  (born 26 November 1949) is a Danish physician, medical researcher, and former leader of the Nordic Cochrane Center at Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, Denmark.
He is a co-founder of the Cochrane Collaboration and has written numerous reviews for the organization. His membership in Cochrane was terminated by its Governing Board of Trustees on 25 September 2018. The British Medical Journal (BMJ) extensively covered Peter Gøtzsche's expulsion from the Cochrane Collaboration, framing it as a major crisis involving governance, transparency, and conflicts of interest.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a vocal vaccine advocate David Gorski, surgical oncologist and Professor of Surgery and Oncology, and critic of the anti-vaccine movement published on Science-Based Medicine (SBM) on March 21, 2023 the article, where he critiques a preprint systematic review "Serious Harms of the Covid-19 Vaccine"  by Peter Gøtzsche and Maryanne Demasi.

Science-Based Medicine
Science-Based Medicine is a website and blog with articles covering issues in science and medicine, especially medical scams and practices. Founded in 2008, it is owned and operated by the New England Skeptical Society, and run by Steven Novella and David Gorski.
Valley View Stakes
The Valley View Stakes is a Grade II American thoroughbred horse race for three-year-old fillies over a distance of 1 mile on the turf held annually in October at Keeneland Race Course in Lexington, Kentucky during the fall meeting.

Keeneland
Keeneland Association, Inc. is an equine business based in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It includes two distinct divisions: the Keeneland Race Course, a Thoroughbred racing facility, and Keeneland Sales, a horse auction complex. It is also known for its reference library.

In 2009, the Horseplayers Association of North America introduced a rating system for 65 Thoroughbred racetracks in North America.  Keeneland was ranked #1 of the top ten tracks. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1986.
Corrie Coursing Meeting
The coursing meeting for greyhounds that was held at Corrie, near Lockerbie in Dumfries and Galloway consisted of several stakes that were competed for. The meeting took place on land belonging to Andrew Jardine of Lanrick Castle, brother of Robert Jardine.

Lanrick Castle
Lanrick Castle was a late 18th-century country house near Doune in central Scotland. It was demolished in 2002 despite being protected as a category B listed building. It was located on the south bank of the River Teith, in Stirling council area.
Parrilli
Parrilli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Dellamarie Parrilli (born 1949), American artist

Luigi Parrilli

Nanci Parrilli (born 1953), Argentine politician

Oscar Parrilli (born 1951), Argentine lawyer and politician

Nanci Parrilli
Nanci María Augustina Parrilli (born 7 September 1953, San Martín de los Andes) is an Argentine Justicialist Party politician. She sat in the Argentine Senate representing Neuquén Province in the majority block of the Front for Victory from 2007 to 2013.

Parrilli attended school in San Martín de los Andes and qualified as a teacher of psychology in Bahía Blanca in 1976. She has extensive experience in the education sector.

Nanci Parrilli was elected to the Senate in 2007.

Parrilli's brother, Oscar Parrilli, was General Secretary of the Presidency for Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, and also served as senator for Neuquén.
Linda Meyers
Linda Meyers (later Tikalsky, born July 1, 1937) is a retired American alpine ski racer, a former member of the United States Ski Team. She competed at the Winter Olympics in 1960 and 1964. On home state snow in 1960, Meyers tumbled in the downhill event, but completed the descent and placed 33rd; she failed to finish the giant slalom. In 1964, she placed 12th in the slalom and 30th in the giant slalom.

At age fourteen, Meyers moved with her family from Los Angeles to Bishop, California, near Mammoth Mountain, and took up skiing following Jill Kinmont Boothe. In addition to the Olympics, she competed at the World Championships in 1958 and 1962, and finished fifth in the combined event in 1962. After retiring from competitions she coached skiers in Colorado.

Alpine skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics
Alpine skiing at the 1964 Winter Olympics consisted of six events, held near Innsbruck, Austria, from January 30 to February 8, 1964.

The men's downhill was held on Patscherkofel (above Igls), the other five events at Axamer Lizum.

This was the first Olympics in which the finishing times were recorded in hundredths of a second, rather than tenths. It was the third and final Winter Olympics in which East and West Germany competed as the United Team of Germany. Mild weather led to a lack of snow, which was trucked in and packed down by the Austrian army.

During a training run for the men's downhill at Patscherkofel on January 25, Ross Milne of Australia lost control and left the course; he hit a tree and later died of a head injury.

The Winter Olympics returned to Innsbruck just 12 years later in 1976, after Denver returned its winning bid in November 1972 (Innsbruck was awarded the 1976 games in February 1973).
2013 Wimbledon Championships – Wheelchair men's doubles
Stéphane Houdet and Shingo Kunieda defeated Frédéric Cattaneo and Ronald Vink in the final, 6–4, 6–2 to win the gentlemen's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2013 Wimbledon Championships.

Tom Egberink and Michaël Jérémiasz were the defending champions, but were defeated by Cattaneo and Vink in the semifinals.

Tom Egberink
Tom Egberink (born 22 December 1992) is a Dutch wheelchair tennis player. Egberink is a major champion, having won the 2012 Wimbledon Championships in doubles, and a two-time Paralympic medalist, with a silver and bronze from singles and doubles, respectively, at the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics.
Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet
Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet (1585 – 6 November 1615) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1604 to 1611.

Musgrave was the son of Christopher Musgrave and his wife Jane Curwen, daughter of Sir Henry Curwen of Workington, Cumberland. He succeeded to the estates of Hartley and Edenhall, Cumberland on the death in 1597 of his grandfather Sir Simon Musgrave. He was knighted 25 July 1603 on the coronation of James I. In 1604, he was elected a Member of Parliament for Westmorland. He was created baronet on 29 July 1611.

Musgrave died at Naples at the age of 30 and was buried in the cathedral there.

Musgrave married Frances Wharton, daughter of Philip Wharton, 3rd Baron Wharton at the age of 14.

Coronation of James I and Anne
The coronation of James I and his wife Anne of Denmark as king and queen of England and Ireland was held on 25 July 1603 at Westminster Abbey. James had reigned as king of Scotland since 1567. Anne was anointed and consecrated with prayers alluding to Esther, the Wise Virgins, and other Biblical heroines. It was the first coronation to be conducted in English instead of Latin. Because of the 1603 London plague, a planned ceremonial Royal Entry to London was deferred until 15 March 1604.
Bill Swan (writer)
Bill Swan (born January 25, 1939) is a Canadian children's author living in Courtice, Ontario. He teaches writing-related courses online and works as a communications consultant. Bill Swan was college administrator and journalism professor at Durham College in Oshawa, Ontario. He was a newspaper editor and columnist. He spent one year at  Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario.

Royal Military College of Canada
The Royal Military College of Canada (French: Collège militaire royal du Canada), abbreviated in English as RMC and in French as CMR, is a military academy and, since 1959, a degree-granting university of the Canadian Armed Forces. It was established in 1874 and conducted its first classes on June 1, 1876. Programs are offered at the undergraduate and graduate levels, both on campus as well as through the college's distance learning program via the Division of Continuing Studies.

Located on Point Frederick, a 41-hectare (101-acre) peninsula in Kingston, Ontario, the college is a mix of historic buildings and more modern academic, athletic, and dormitory facilities. RMC officer cadets are trained in what are known as the "four pillars": academics, officership, athletics, and bilingualism.