hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Bellion
David Bellion (born 27 November 1982) is a French former professional footballer who played as a striker. His previous clubs include Cannes, Sunderland, Manchester United, West Ham United, Nice, Bordeaux and Red Star.

RC Lens
Racing Club de Lens (French pronunciation: [ʁasiŋ klœb də lɑ̃s]), commonly referred to as RC Lens or simply as Lens, is a French professional football club based in the northern city of Lens in the department of Pas-de-Calais. The club's nickname, Les Sang et Or (transl. The Blood and Gold), comes from its traditional colours of red and gold. As of the 2024–25 season, Lens competes in Ligue 1, the highest tier of French football.

Lens won the Division 1 (now Ligue 1) title in the 1997–98 season, and has finished as runner-up on five occasions, most recently in the 2022–23 season. The club has a strong rivalry with neighbors Lille OSC, with whom they contest the Derby du Nord.
Gemma (botany)
A gemma (English plural gemmas, Latin plural gemmae) is a single cell, or a mass of cells, or a modified bud of tissue, that detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual. This type of asexual reproduction is referred to as fragmentation. It is a means of asexual propagation in plants. These structures are commonly found in fungi, algae, liverworts and mosses, but also in some flowering plants such as pygmy sundews and some species of butterworts. Vascular plants have many other methods of asexual reproduction including bulbils and turions.

Pinguicula
Pinguicula, commonly known as butterworts, is a genus of carnivorous flowering plants in the family Lentibulariaceae. They use sticky, glandular leaves to lure, trap, and digest insects in order to supplement the poor mineral nutrition they obtain from the environment. 126 species are currently accepted. 13 are native to Europe, 9 to North America, and some to northern Asia. The largest number of species is in South and Central America.
Ikryanoye
Ikryanoye (Russian: Икряное; Kazakh: Икрян, Ikrıan) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ikryaninsky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population:  10,036 (2010 Census); 9,925 (2002 Census); 9,629 (1989 Soviet census).

Astrakhan Oblast
Astrakhan Oblast (Russian: Астраха́нская о́бласть, romanized: Astrakhanskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) located in southern Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Astrakhan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,010,073.
Pitko
Pitko is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alex Pitko (1914–2011), American baseball player

Janne Pitko (born 1981), Finnish curler and professional poker player

Jenni Pitko (born 1986), Finnish politician

Jenni Pitko
Jenni Pitko (born 15 August 1986 in Kemi) is a Finnish politician currently serving in the Parliament of Finland for the Green League at the Oulu constituency. She was first elected to parliament in 2019. Previously, she served on the Oulu city council. Prior to becoming a politician Pitko studied at the University of Oulu and worked as an architect.
Harry Allen (designer)
Harry Allen (born 1964) is an American industrial and interior designer. Originally from New Jersey, Allen attended Alfred University and later Pratt Institute, where he received a master's degree in Industrial Design. In 1993, he founded Harry Allen Design, located in New York City’s East Village.

Pratt Institute
Pratt Institute is a private university with its main campus in Brooklyn, New York. It has an additional campus in Manhattan and an extension campus in Utica, New York at the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute. The institute was founded in 1887 with programs primarily in engineering, architecture, and fine arts. Comprising six schools, the institute is primarily known for its programs in architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and fine arts.
Soudan 2
Soudan 2 was a particle detector located in the Soudan Mine in Northern Minnesota, United States, that operated from 1989 to 2001. It was a 960-ton iron tracking calorimeter whose primary purpose was to search for proton decay, although its data were also used to investigate the properties of neutrinos.  It found no evidence of proton decay, but it did help confirm Super-Kamiokande's atmospheric neutrino result, supporting the theory of neutrino oscillation.

The Soudan Mine was also home to the MINOS and CDMS detectors.

Calorimeter (particle physics)
In experimental particle physics, a calorimeter is a type of detector that measures the energy of particles.  Particles enter the calorimeter and initiate a particle shower  in which their energy is deposited in the calorimeter, collected, and measured. The energy may be measured in its entirety, requiring total containment of the particle shower, or it may be sampled. Typically, calorimeters are segmented transversely to provide information about the direction of the particle or particles, as well as the energy deposited, and longitudinal segmentation can provide information about the identity of the particle based on the shape of the shower as it develops. Calorimetry design is an active area of research in particle physics.
Alon Tal
Alon Tal (Hebrew: אלון טל; born 12 July 1960) is an Israeli politician, academic and environmentalist. He was a member of the 24th Knesset between 2021 and 2022, representing the Blue and White political party; founder of the Israel Union for Environmental Defense and the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies; and co-founder of Ecopeace: Friends of the Earth–Middle East, This Is My Earth, the Israel Forum for Demography, Environment and Society, Aytzim: Ecological Judaism, and the Green Movement. Tal was appointed chair of the Department of Public Policy at Tel Aviv University in 2017.

EcoPeace Middle East
EcoPeace Middle East, formerly Friends of the Earth Middle East (1994–2014), is a regional environmental peacebuilding organization in the Middle East, bringing together Jordanians, Palestinians, and Israelis.
Teresa Pàmies
Teresa Pàmies Bertran (8 October 1919 – 13 March 2012) was a Spanish Catalan-language writer.

She was leader of the Unified Socialist Youth of Catalonia (1937) and one of the founders of the National Alliance of the Young Woman (1937–1939). Married to Gregorio López Raimundo, General Secretary of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia (PSUC), she was the mother of writer Sergi Pàmies.

Prominent among her works, always with an autobiographical background, were Testament a Praga (1970), Quan érem capitans (1974), Va ploure tot el dia (1974), Gent del meu exili (1975), a biography of Dolores Ibárruri in Spanish (Mexico, 1975), and Jardí enfonsat (1992). In 1984 she received the Creu de Sant Jordi awarded by  Generalitat de Catalunya autonomous government. In 2000 she received the gold medal for artistic merit of the City Council of Barcelona. In 2001 she was awarded the Premi d'Honor de les Lletres Catalanes, and in 2007 she received the Manuel Vázquez Montalbán Award.

City Council of Barcelona
The City Council of Barcelona (Catalan: Ajuntament de Barcelona; Spanish: Ayuntamiento de Barcelona) is the top-tier administrative and governing body of the municipality of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. In terms of political structure, it consists of the invested Mayor of Barcelona, currently Jaume Collboni, the Government Commission, and an elected 41-member deliberative Plenary (Consell Municipal) with scrutiny powers.
Arrhenia chlorocyanea
Arrhenia chlorocyanea, commonly known as the verdigris navel, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Hygrophoraceae. Originally named as a species of Agaricus in 1885, and later classified as a member of Omphalina, the species was transferred to the genus Arrhenia in 2002.

The blue mushroom's caps are under 2 centimetres (3⁄4 in) wide and the stems are 1–4 cm (3⁄8–1+5⁄8 in) tall. The spore print is white. Entoloma species such as E. incarnatofuscescens may appear somewhat similar, but have a pink spore print.

It can be found in association with mosses in Europe and North America.

Agaricus
Agaricus is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi containing both edible and poisonous species, with over 400 members worldwide and possibly again as many disputed or newly discovered species. The genus includes the common ("button") mushroom (A. bisporus) and the field mushroom (A. campestris), the dominant cultivated mushrooms of the West.
Bag-in-box
A bag-in-box or BiB is a container for the storage and transportation of liquids. It consists of a strong bladder (or plastic bag), usually made of several layers of metallised film or other plastics, seated inside a corrugated fiberboard box. The BiB is used because of its easy transportation and ability to dispense liquids. It is mainly used in the food industry for transporting condiments and drinks, for transporting liquid chemicals, and for dispensing fertilizer for various farming practices.

Metallised film
Metallised films (or metallized films) are polymer films coated with a thin layer of metal, usually aluminium. They offer the glossy metallic appearance of an aluminium foil at a reduced weight and cost. Metallised films are widely used for decorative purposes and food packaging, and also for specialty applications including insulation and electronics.
Wehbe Katicha
Wehbe Katicha (Arabic: وهبي قاطيشا, born in 1943) is a Lebanese politician and a former general in the Lebanese Army.

He was, as of 2022, a representative in the Lebanese parliament, having been elected in May 2018 as a candidate of the Lebanese Forces party in Akkar.

Lebanese Armed Forces
The Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF; Arabic: القوات المسلحة اللبنانية, romanized: Al-Quwwāt al-Musallaḥa al-Lubnāniyya), also known as the Lebanese Army (Arabic: الجيش اللبناني, romanized: Al-Jaish al-Lubnani), is the national military of the Republic of Lebanon. It consists of three branches, the ground forces, the air force, and the navy. The motto of the Lebanese Armed Forces is "Honor, Sacrifice, Loyalty" (Arabic: شرف · تضحية  · وفاء, romanized: Sharaf.Tadhia.Wafa). In politically unstable Lebanon, the Lebanese army has been described as one of the few state institutions in the country trusted by both the Lebanese population and the international community; and a guarantor of stability in multi-sectarian Lebanon.
Greg Barnes
Greg Barnes (born 1957 or 1958) is an American politician who has served as the representative for Alabama's 13th House of Representatives district since 2025. He is a member of the Alabama Republican Party.

Alabama House of Representatives
The Alabama House of Representatives is the lower house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of state of Alabama. The House is composed of 105 members representing an equal number of districts, with each constituency containing at least 42,380 citizens. There are no term limits in the House. The House is also one of the five lower houses of state legislatures in the United States that is elected every four years. Other lower houses, including the United States House of Representatives, are elected for a two-year term.

The House meets at the Alabama State House in Montgomery. The speaker of the Alabama House of Representatives is its leader.
Canoeing at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom C-1
The men's canoe slalom C-1 competition at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place between 29 and 31 July at the Lee Valley White Water Centre. Seventeen canoeists from 17 nations competed.

The gold medal was won by Tony Estanguet of France.

Lee Valley White Water Centre
Lee Valley White Water Centre (previously known as Broxbourne White Water Canoe Centre) is a white-water slalom centre in the Middle Lea Valley, in the Borough of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire. It was constructed to host the canoe slalom events of the London 2012 Olympic Games.

On 9 December 2010, the Princess Royal officially opened the venue which is owned by Lee Valley Regional Park Authority and managed by Greenwich Leisure Limited (GLL) under its "Better" brand. The £31 million ($50 million US) project to construct the centre finished on schedule and was the first newly constructed Olympic venue to be completed.

The Olympic canoe slalom competition was held from 29 July through 2 August 2012. The venue also hosted the 2015 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships.
Diocese of Navrongo–Bolgatanga
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Navrongo–Bolgatanga (Latin: Dioecesis Navrongensis-Bolgatangana) is a diocese located in the cities of Navrongo and Bolgatanga in the ecclesiastical province of Tamale in Ghana.

Bolgatanga
Bolgatanga (Frafra: Bɔlegataŋa), colloquially known as Bolga, is a town and also the capital of the Bolgatanga Municipal and the Upper East Region of Ghana. It shares a border to the north with Burkina Faso. Bolgatanga is 161 km (100 mi) to the north of Tamale. The town lies in the Red Volta Valley (which serves as a major migration route of elephants), with the White Volta and the cliffs of the Gambaga escarpment to the south of the town forming the southern boundary of the Upper East Region. As of 2021, the town has a population of about 142,509 people constituting females (74,659), representing 52.4 % than males (67,850) constituting 47.6 %.  Some ethnic groups who lived in large qualities in Bolgatanga are Frafra, Daghati, Akan, Ewe, and Ga-Adangbe. The current mayor of the town is Rex Asanga. The Municipal occupies a land size of 334 Km2 with a population density of 418.7 persons per square kilometer.
Bill McKnight
William Hunter McKnight PC SOM (July 12, 1940 – October 4, 2019) was a Canadian politician who served in the Canadian House of Commons from 1979 to 1993. During the government of Brian Mulroney, he served in various cabinet roles such as Minister of National Defence and Minister of Agriculture. He also served as the Treaty Commissioner for the Province of Saskatchewan.

24th Canadian Ministry
The Twenty-Fourth Canadian Ministry was the cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.  It governed Canada from 17 September 1984 to 25 June 1993, including the 33rd Canadian Parliament and most of the 34th.  The government was formed by the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
Kajiyama Kofun
The Kajiyama Kofun (梶山古墳) is a Kofun period burial mound located in the Okamasu, Kokufucho, neighborhood of the city of Tottori, Tottori Prefecture in the San'in region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1979.

Tottori Prefecture
Tottori Prefecture (鳥取県, Tottori-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [tot.to.ɾʲi, tot.to.ɾʲiꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Tottori Prefecture is the least populous prefecture of Japan at 538,525 (2023) and has a geographic area of 3,507.13 square kilometres (1,354.11 mi2). Tottori Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the west, Hiroshima Prefecture to the southwest, Okayama Prefecture to the south, and Hyōgo Prefecture to the east.

Tottori is the capital and largest city of Tottori Prefecture, with other major cities including Yonago, Kurayoshi, and Sakaiminato. Tottori Prefecture is home to the Tottori Sand Dunes, the largest sand dunes system in Japan, and Mount Daisen, the highest peak in the Chūgoku Mountains.
Dog whistle (politics)
In politics, a dog whistle is the use of coded or suggestive language in political messaging to garner support from a particular group without provoking opposition. The concept is named after ultrasonic dog whistles, which are audible to dogs but not humans. Dog whistles use language that appears normal to the majority but communicates specific things to intended audiences. They are generally used to convey messages on issues likely to provoke controversy without attracting negative attention.

William Safire
William Lewis Safire (/ˈsæfaɪər/; né Safir; December 17, 1929 – September 27, 2009) was an American author, columnist, journalist, and presidential speechwriter. He was a long-time syndicated political columnist for The New York Times and wrote the "On Language" column in The New York Times Magazine about popular etymology, new or unusual usages, and other language-related topics.
Giacomo Damiani
Giacomo Damiani (August 1871, Portoferraio – 1944) was an Italian ichthyologist and ornithologist

Born into a wealthy family on Elba island, Giacomo Damiani graduated from the University of Genoa and became a teacher of
Natural Sciences in secondary schools. By the age of 20, in 1891 he was in  contact with Enrico Giglioli, the leading Italian ornithologist of the time, who was based at the museum in Florence. He was instrumental in assembling  a zoological collection  called “la collezione Elbana”  at  Villa San Martino (it:Villa di San Martino), now dispersed. Many of his specimens are in the La Specola museum in Florence.

University of Genoa
The University of Genoa (Italian: Università di Genova, abbreviated as UniGe), is a public research university. It is one of the largest universities in Italy and it is located in the city of Genoa, on the Italian Riviera in the Liguria region of northwestern Italy. The original university was founded in 1481.
The Marine Biologist
"The Marine Biologist" is the 78th episode of the American sitcom Seinfeld. It is the 14th episode of the fifth season. It was originally broadcast on NBC on February 10, 1994. In the episode, Jerry hooks up George with a popular ex-classmate, but George must play along with Jerry's lie that he is a marine biologist, while a renowned Russian author throws Elaine's electronic organizer out of a moving limousine. Jerry Seinfeld considers the episode one of his favorites.

Seinfeld season 5
The fifth season of Seinfeld, an American comedy television series created by Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David, began airing on September 16, 1993, and concluded on May 19, 1994, on NBC. This marked the first season Seinfeld occupied the 9 PM Thursday prime-time slot, following the end of the run by Cheers in this time slot the previous season.
C with hook
Ƈ (minuscule: ƈ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from C with the addition of a hook. It is used in African languages such as Serer.

The minuscule ƈ was formerly used in the International Phonetic Alphabet to represent a voiceless palatal implosive (current IPA: [ ʄ̊ ]). It was withdrawn in 1993.

In Unicode it is U+0187 (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH HOOK) and U+0188 (LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH HOOK).

These letters are contained in the normative part of DIN 91379: "Characters and defined character sequences in Unicode for the electronic processing of names and data exchange in Europe, with CD-ROM".

DIN 91379
The DIN standard DIN 91379: "Characters and defined character sequences in Unicode for the electronic processing of names and data exchange in Europe, with CD-ROM" defines a normative subset of Unicode Latin characters, sequences of base characters and diacritic signs, and special characters for use in names of persons, legal entities, products, addresses etc. The standard defines a normative mapping of Latin letters to base letters A-Z as an extension of the recommendations of ICAO.

In the informative part of the standard, a set of extended characters is defined, which includes Greek and Cyrillic letters as well as other special characters for names of legal entities and product names.
Ezra's Tomb
Ezra's Tomb, also known as the Tomb of Ezra (Arabic: العزير, romanized: Al-ʻUzair, Al-ʻUzayr, Al-Azair; Hebrew: קבר עזרא הסופר), is a Shi'ite Muslim and Jewish shrine, located in Al-ʻUzair in the Qal'at Saleh district, in the Maysan Governorate of Iraq, on the western shore of the Tigris river. The shrine is popularly believed to be the burial place of the biblical figure Ezra.

Tigris
The Tigris (/ˈtaɪɡrɪs/ TY-griss; see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates. The river flows south from the mountains of the Armenian Highlands through the Syrian and Arabian Deserts, before merging with the Euphrates and reaching to the Persian Gulf.

The Tigris passes through historical cities such as Mosul, Tikrit, Samarra and Baghdad. It is also home to archaeological sites and ancient religious communities, including the Mandaeans, who use it for baptism. In ancient times the Tigris nurtured the Assyrian Empire, with remnants such as the relief of King Tiglath-Pileser.

Today the Tigris faces modern threats from geopolitical instability, dam projects, poor water management and climate change, leading to concerns about its sustainability. Efforts to protect and preserve the river's legacy are ongoing, with local archaeologists and activists working to safeguard its future.
Rico Bianchi
Enrico Bianchi (13 May 1930 - 26 March 2025) was a Swiss rower who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics and in the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Chur. In 1952 he was a crew member of the Swiss boat which won the silver medal in the coxed four event. Eight years later he was part of the Swiss boat which was eliminated in the repêchage of the eight competition.

Rowing at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1952 Summer Olympics took place at Mei Bay, Helsinki, Finland. It was held from 20 to 23 July and was won by the team from Czechoslovakia. There were 17 boats (85 competitors) from 17 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The gold medal was Czechoslovakia's first medal in the men's coxed four. Switzerland earned its third consecutive silver medal, and sixth medal in seven Games dating back to 1920 (the only Games in that time where the Swiss team did not win a medal was 1932, when no Swiss boat competed). The reigning champion United States took bronze.
Guilty (The Rasmus song)
"Guilty" is a song by Finnish alternative rock band The Rasmus, originally released on the band's fifth album Dead Letters on March 21, 2003.

The single was released on 4 August 2004 by the record label Playground Music. It was the last single from the album Dead Letters and also features the track "First Day of My Life" (live). The UK version features "Guilty" (US radio edit), "Play Dead" and the video of "Guilty".

Dead Letters
Dead Letters is the fifth album by Finnish band the Rasmus released in 2003. It was released later in 2004 in the US, UK and Australia. Their previous album, Into, had seen some success in some parts of Europe, particularly Scandinavia and Germany, but Dead Letters signified the band's major break-through. The album received 8 Gold and 6 Platinum music certification awards. Lead single "In the Shadows" received 6 gold and 2 platinum awards, selling over 1 million copies and breaking the record for performance royalties received abroad on a Finnish composition (overtaking the works of Jean Sibelius).
Svestad
Svestad is a village and a former oil and gas harbour in Akershus, Norway. Svestad is situated at the Oslofjorden side of the peninsula and municipality of Nesodden just south of Oslo.

59°46′31″N 10°35′40″E﻿ / ﻿59.77528°N 10.59444°E﻿ / 59.77528; 10.59444

Oslofjord
The Oslofjord (Norwegian: Oslofjorden, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈʊ̂ʂlʊˌfjuːɳ]; English: Oslo Fjord) is an inlet in southeastern Norway. The 120-kilometre (75 mi) fjord begins at the small village of Bonn in Frogn Municipality and stretching northwards to the city of Oslo, and then curving to the east and then south again. It then flows south to an imaginary line running between the Torbjørnskjær Lighthouse and Færder Lighthouse where it becomes part of the Skagerrak strait. The Skagerrak connects the North Sea and the Kattegat sea area, which leads to the Baltic Sea. The Oslofjord is not a fjord in the geological sense, but in the Norwegian language, the term fjord can refer to a wide range of waterways including inlets such as this one.

The bay is divided into the inner (indre) and outer (ytre) Oslofjord, separated by the 17 km (11 mi) long by 1 km (0.62 mi) wide Drøbak Sound. The innermost part is known as Bunnefjorden.