hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gauteng and Environs Library Consortium
Gauteng and Environs Library Consortium (GAELIC) was the first project of FOTIM (Foundation of Tertiary Institutions of the Northern Metropolis) in South Africa.  GAELIC was founded in April 1996. Its mission was to use and develop the information resources in the Gauteng, Limpopo, and North West province of South Africa in order to promote education, research and lifelong learning. Due to consolidation of projects and duplication, FOTIM and GAELIC closed down in July 2011.

North West (South African province)
North West (Afrikaans: Noord-Wes [nuərtˈvɛs]; Tswana: Bokone Bophirima) is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Mahikeng. The province is located to the west of the major population centre and province of Gauteng, to the south of the country of Botswana, and southwest of the northernmost province of Limpopo.
Deputy Minister Stakes
The Deputy Minister Stakes is a Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. An Ontario Sire Stakes, it is a restricted race for three-year-old horses sired by a stallion standing in the province of Ontario during the year of their birth. Run in mid July, it is contested over a distance of seven furlongs on Polytrack (dirt from 1997–2006) and currently carries a purse of $96,000 + .

Inaugurated in 1997, the race was named in honour of Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame inductee, Deputy Minister, a Canadian-bred colt who earned Canadian Sovereign and American Eclipse awards during his racing career and who became a very influential stallion. He was the Leading sire in North America in 1997 and 1998, and the Leading broodmare sire in North America in 2007.

For 2006 only, the race was contested over 7+1⁄2 furlongs.

Leading broodmare sire in North America
The list below shows the leading Thoroughbred sire of broodmares in North America for each year since 1924. This is determined by the amount of prize money won during the year by racehorses which were foaled by a daughter of the sire.  The most frequent sires on the list are Sir Gallahad III (12), Mr. Prospector (9), Princequillo (8), and Star Shoot (5).
Lot and block survey system
The lot and block survey system is a method used in the United States and Canada to locate and identify land, particularly for lots in densely populated metropolitan areas, suburban areas and exurbs.  It is sometimes referred to as the recorded plat survey system or the recorded map survey system.

Land description
In surveying and property law, a land description or legal description is a written statement that delineates the boundaries of a piece of real property. In the written transfer of real property, it is universally required that the instrument of conveyance (deed) include a written description of the property.
Inka P'iqi
Inka P'iqi (Aymara p'iqi, p'iq'iña, phiq'i, phiq'iña head, Inka Inca, "Inca head", also spelled Inca Pekhe) is a 4,110-metre-high (13,480 ft) mountain in the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Cochabamba Department, on the border of the Arani Province, Vacas Municipality, and the Mizque Province, Alalay Municipality. Inka P'iqi lies southwest of Jatun Llallawa and south of Juch'uy Llallawa.

Vacas Municipality
Vacas Municipality (Quechua name: Wak'as, deriving from Wak'a) is the second municipal section of the Arani Province in the Cochabamba Department in central Bolivia. Its capital is Vacas known as the "Land of the potato" (Quechua: Papaq llaqtan, Spanish: La patria de la papa). During the Inca Empire Vacas served as a tampu along the Inca road system that led to Inkallaqta and Pocona.

It is bordered to the north by the Tiraque Province, to the west by the Arani Municipality, to the south by the Mizque Province and to the southeast by the Carrasco Province, and it is sized 334 km2.
OSE class A.151
OSE class A.151 (Faur LDH70) is a series of locomotives operated by TRAINOSE, which are part of TRAINOSE fleet. They were built by Faur in 1972. They resemble the class A.171, but their main difference is that the A.171 have engines with combined power of 920 kW while A.151 have engines with combined power of 507 kW, but have the same speed, faces and manufacturers, while being diesel driven. In total, there are 12 such machines. It reaches speeds of up to 70 kilometers per hour in course order  and 35 in shunting. Class A.101 locomotives are based in the Rentis depot. They are four-axled locomotives from the existing production line. They were weighing 48 tons and 700 hp.

Hellenic Railways Organisation
The Hellenic Railways Organisation or OSE (Greek: Οργανισμός Σιδηροδρόμων Ελλάδος, romanized: Organismos Sidirodromon Ellados or Greek: Ο.Σ.Ε.) was the Greek national railway company which owned, maintained and operated all railway infrastructure in Greece with the exception of Athens' rapid transit lines from 1971 to 2025. Services on these lines are run by Hellenic Train, a former OSE subsidiary, Rail Cargo Logistics Goldair, Pearl and Grup Feroviar Român.
Anthony Prusinski
Anthony C. Prusinski (February 10, 1901 – January 2, 1950) was an American politician.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, Prusinski  went to Loyola University Chicago. He worked as the chief deputy coroner of Cook County, Illinois and was a member of the Democratic Party. From 1943 until 1950, Prucinski served in the Illinois House of Representatives. He died of a heart attack in Chicago while driving.

Cook County Medical Examiner
The Cook County Medical Examiner is the coroner of Cook County, Illinois. Occupants are credential medical examiners, appointed by president of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, subject to confirmation by the Cook County Board of Commissioners. The office was created in 1976, replacing the previous office of Cook County Coroner.

The office of Cook County Coroner existed from 1831 to 1976, and from 1836 was an elected position. County voters, in 1972, elected to replace the office of coroner with the current office of medical examiner.
Essex & Herts Air Ambulance
Essex & Herts Air Ambulance Trust (EHAAT) is a charity air ambulance service providing a free, life-saving helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) for the critically ill and injured of Essex, Hertfordshire and surrounding areas.

The charity aims to save lives, reduce or prevent disability or suffering from critical illness and injury, by delivering a pre-hospital emergency medical service.

Since fundraising began in 1997, Essex & Herts Air Ambulance has flown over 20,000 missions, and is deployed, on average, six times per day. The helicopters and rapid response vehicles (RRV) are based at Earls Colne Airfield and North Weald Airfield.

Eurocopter EC135
The Airbus Helicopters H135 (formerly Eurocopter EC135) is a twin-engine civil light utility helicopter produced by Airbus Helicopters. It is capable of flight under instrument flight rules and is outfitted with a digital automatic flight control system. First flying in February 1994 and developed from the prototype Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB) Bo 108, it entered service in 1996. 1,400 units have been delivered up to September 2020, to 300 operators in 60 countries, accumulating over 5 million flight hours. It is mainly used for air medical transport (medevac), corporate transport, law enforcement, offshore wind support, and military flight training. Half of the units in service are in Europe and a quarter in North America. The H135M, certified under the name Eurocopter EC635, is a military variant, so the overall design is known as the Airbus Helicopters H135 and the military version, as the Airbus Helicopters H135M.
Pål Jacobsen
Pål Jacobsen (born 20 May 1956) is a Norwegian football coach and former player. He is the brother of Tom Jacobsen.

His debut for Ham-Kam came at an age of 16 years and 358 days, and he is among the youngest players ever in the Norwegian top division. In the 1981 season Jacobsen became top goalscorer in the Norwegian top division scoring 16 goals. At this date he was playing for Vålerenga. He scored 13 goals in 42 caps for the national team.

Haunted by a failed achilles tendon operation in 1985, he chose to finish his career in 1987. The injury led to amputation in 2001.

Jacobsen currently works as an assistant coach for Ham-Kam, and as a freelance sports journalist in the local newspaper Hamar Arbeiderblad.

Achilles tendon
The Achilles tendon, or the heel cord, also known as the calcaneal tendon, is a tendon at the back of the lower leg, and is the thickest in the human body. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. These muscles, acting via the tendon, cause plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle joint, and (except the soleus) flexion at the knee.

Abnormalities of the Achilles tendon include inflammation (Achilles tendinitis), degeneration, rupture, and becoming embedded with cholesterol deposits (xanthomas).

The Achilles tendon was named in 1693 after the Greek hero Achilles.
1843 Wanganui earthquake
The 1843 Whanganui earthquake occurred on 8 July at 16:45 local time with an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the Mw scale. It had a maximum perceived intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, possibly reaching X (Extreme). The epicentre was estimated to be within a zone extending 50 km northeast from Whanganui towards Taihape, with GNS Science placing it 35 km east of Taihape near the border of Hawke's Bay. This was the first recorded earthquake in New Zealand with a magnitude over 7 and the first with recorded deaths.

GNS Science
GNS Science (Māori: Te Pū Ao), officially registered as the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited, is a New Zealand Crown Research Institute. It focuses on geology, geophysics (including seismology and volcanology), and nuclear science (particularly ion-beam technologies, isotope science and carbon dating). On 1 July 2025 GNS Science became part of the new Public Research Organisation Earth Sciences New Zealand.
Brugal
Brugal is the name and brand of a variety of rums from the Dominican Republic produced by Brugal & Co., C. por A. Brugal and the other Dominican rums, Barceló and Bermúdez, are collectively known as the three B's. Brugal has three distilleries, one in Puerto Plata and two in San Pedro de Macorís.

San Pedro de Macorís
San Pedro de Macorís is a city and municipality (municipio) in the Dominican Republic. The capital of its eponymous province in the east region of the country, it is among the ten largest cities of the Dominican Republic. The city has approximately 217,000 inhabitants when including the whole municipality. As a provincial capital, it houses the Universidad Central del Este. San Pedro de Macorís is also well known for producing professional baseball players at an exceptionally high per capita rate.
Black Mist Scandal (Japanese baseball)
The Black Mist Scandal (黒い霧事件, kuroi kiri jiken) refers to a series of game fixing scandals in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) league and flat track motorcycle racing between 1969 and 1971. The fallout from these scandals resulted in several star players receiving long suspensions, salary cuts, or being banned from professional play entirely. The scandals led many fans in Japan to abandon the sport, and also to the sale of such illustrious teams as the Nishitetsu Lions and Toei Flyers (now the Seibu Lions and Hokkaidō Nippon Ham Fighters).

The term "black mist" was a reference to a political scandal that had enveloped the administration of Prime Minister Eisaku Satō just a few years earlier; "bribery was said to envelop politics like a black mist."

Hanshin Tigers
The Hanshin Tigers (阪神タイガース, Hanshin Taigāsu) are a Nippon Professional Baseball team playing in the Central League. The team is based in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, next to their main stadium, Hanshin Koshien Stadium.

The Tigers are owned by Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hankyu Hanshin Holdings Inc.

The Hanshin Tigers are one of the oldest professional clubs in Japan. They played their first season in 1936 as the Osaka Tigers and assumed their current team name in 1961.
2023 Yinchuan gas explosion
On 21 June 2023, 31 people died and seven others were injured at the Fuyang Barbecue Restaurant (Chinese: 富洋烧烤店) in Xingqing District, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, after a gas explosion occurred on the eve of the Dragon Boat Festival.

The explosion was the deadliest in China since 2019, when 78 died in a blast at a chemical plant in the eastern province of Jiangsu.

2019 Xiangshui chemical plant explosion
On 21 March 2019, a major explosion occurred at a chemical plant in Chenjiagang Chemical Industry Park, Chenjiagang, Xiangshui County, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China. According to reports published on 25 March, 78 people were killed and 617 injured.

The State Council of China officially recognized the severity of the accident, often referred to as the "3.21 Explosive Accident".
Abbot of Melrose
The Abbot and then Commendator of Melrose was the head of the monastic community of Melrose Abbey, in Melrose in the Borders region of Scotland. The abbots of the earlier Northumbrian foundation from Lindisfarne are not included here. The second abbey was founded in 1136 on the patronage of David I (Dabíd mac Maíl Choluim), King of Scots, by Cistercian monks from Rievaulx Abbey, Yorkshire. Control of the abbey was secularized in the 16th century and after the accession of James Stewart, the abbey was held by commendators. The last commendator, James Douglas of Lochleven, resigned the abbacy to William Douglas, 6th Earl of Morton (his nephew) in December 1606, and the abbey itself to the king in 1608. The abbey (or most of its lands) was then erected into a secular lordship for viscount Haddington, John Ramsay, who in 1609 was created "Lord Melrose". Lochleven however resumed the title of commendator in 1613 until his death in 1620.

Lindisfarne
Lindisfarne, also known as Holy Island, is a tidal island off the northeast coast of England, which constitutes the civil parish of Holy Island in Northumberland. Holy Island has a recorded history from the 6th century AD; it was an important centre of Celtic Christianity under Saints Aidan, Cuthbert, Eadfrith, and Eadberht of Lindisfarne. The island was originally home to a monastery, which was destroyed during the Viking invasions but re-established as a priory following the Norman Conquest of England. Other notable sites built on the island are St Mary the Virgin parish church (originally built in 635 CE and restored in 1860), Lindisfarne Castle, several lighthouses and other navigational markers, and a complex network of lime kilns. The island is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and a hotspot for historical tourism and bird watching.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome
Cramp fasciculation syndrome (CFS) is a rare peripheral nerve hyperexcitability disorder. It is more severe than the related (and common) disorder known as benign fasciculation syndrome; it causes fasciculations, cramps, pain, fatigue, and muscle stiffness similar to those seen in neuromyotonia (another related condition). Patients with CFS, like those with neuromyotonia, may also experience paresthesias.
Most cases of cramp fasciculation syndrome are idiopathic, although some research points to an autoimmune component that may be partly genetic in etiology.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome is diagnosed by clinical examination and electromyography (EMG). Fasciculation is the only abnormality (if any) seen with EMG.
Cramp fasciculation syndrome is a chronic condition. Treatment options include anti-seizure medications such as carbamazepine, immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis.

Fasciculation
A fasciculation, or muscle twitch, is a spontaneous, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation, involving fine muscle fibers. They are common, with as many as 70% of people experiencing them. They can be benign, or associated with more serious conditions.  When no cause or pathology is identified, they are diagnosed as benign fasciculation syndrome.
Liyanagemulla
Liyanagemulla (Sinhalese: ලියනගෙමුල්ල Tamil: லியனகேமுல்ல) is a village situated in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka lying near the west coast to the south of the city of Negombo and is administered by the katunayake seeduwa urban council. It is located 30 km from Colombo, and 12 km from Negombo. It is on the Katunayake-Colombo road (A03) and is located a few miles from the Bandaranaike International Airport and Katunayake Export Processing Zone.

Western Province, Sri Lanka
The Western Province (Sinhala: බස්නාහිර පළාත Basnāhira Paḷāta; Tamil: மேல் மாகாணம் Mael Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka, the first level administrative division of the country. The provinces have existed since the 19th century but did not have any legal status until 1987 when the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of Sri Lanka established provincial councils. Western Province is the most densely populated province in the country and is home to the legislative capital Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte as well as to Colombo, the nation's administrative and business center.
Marian Hanson
Marian W. Hanson (born January 17, 1933) is an American politician in the state of Montana who served in the Montana House of Representatives from 1996 to 2004. She served from 1993 to 1997 as Speaker pro tempore of the House. A resident of Ashland, Montana, she is a rancher. She graduated from Custer County High School in 1951.

Ashland, Montana
Ashland is a census-designated place (CDP) in Rosebud County, Montana, United States. The population was 464 at the 2000 census. Ashland is immediately east of the boundary of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation and also along the Tongue River. It is the location of the St. Labre Indian Catholic High School, established in 1884 as a boarding school by a Catholic mission to the Cheyenne.

The town was established in 1881 and called Straders after the first postmaster. The name was changed to Ashland in 1886.
Jennifer Lafleur
Jennifer Lafleur is an American actress. She is known for appearing in the independent films The Do-Deca-Pentathlon (2012), The Pretty One (2013), The Midnight Swim (2014), MAD (2016) and 6 Years (2015). On television, Lafleur has appeared on the HBO series Big Little Lies, Room 104 and Animals., the Showtime series Billions, American Crime on ABC, Married on FX, Chicago Fire on NBC, Workaholics and Review on Comedy Central, Childrens Hospital and Newsreaders on Adult Swim, and Major Crimes on TNT.

Review (TV series)
Review is an American mockumentary comedy television series starring Andy Daly as professional critic Forrest MacNeil, who provides reviews of real-life experiences. The series was developed by Daly, Jeffrey Blitz and Charlie Siskel, and is an adaptation of the Australian television series Review with Myles Barlow. It premiered in the United States on March 6, 2014, on Comedy Central, and ended on March 30, 2017, with a total of 22 episodes over the course of three seasons.
Whiting Petroleum
Whiting Petroleum Corporation was a company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration primarily in the Bakken Formation and Three Forks Shale. It was organized in Delaware with its operational headquarters in Denver, Colorado.

As of December 31, 2021, the company had approximately 326.0 million barrels of oil equivalent (1.994×109 GJ) in proved reserves, of which 58% was petroleum, 20% was natural gas liquids, and 22% was natural gas.

Hydrocarbon exploration
Hydrocarbon exploration (or oil and gas exploration) is the search by petroleum geologists and geophysicists for hydrocarbon deposits, particularly petroleum and natural gas, in the Earth's crust using petroleum geology.
2023 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Perugia – Doubles
Sadio Doumbia and Fabien Reboul were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Boris Arias and Federico Zeballos won the title after defeating Luciano Darderi and Juan Pablo Paz 7–6(7–3), 7–6(8–6) in the final.

Fabien Reboul
Fabien Reboul (born 9 September 1995) is a French professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 22 achieved 26 May 2025. Reboul has won five ATP Tour doubles titles and 17 ATP Challenger Tour doubles titles, all partnering Sadio Doumbia. He also has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 328 achieved on 17 December 2018.
Jack Galbraith
John McDonald Galbraith (4 April 1898 – ?) was a Scottish professional footballer. He was born in Renton, West Dunbartonshire.

Galbraith began his career playing junior football at Vale of Leven and Shawfield before signing for Clapton Orient in 1921. He went on to spend a decade at the club, making 277 league appearances, before joining Cardiff City in February 1931. He was signed as a replacement for the club's FA Cup-winning captain Fred Keenor, but was unable to stop the club's slide as they fell into the Third Division South. He left the club in 1935 to manage Milford United, before later returning to Clapton Orient as a coach. Between 1936 and 1938, and for a short spell in 1939, Galbraith managed French side RC Lens.

Renton, West Dunbartonshire
Renton (Scottish Gaelic: An Reantan; Scots: The Renton) is a village  in West Dunbartonshire, in the west Central Lowlands of Scotland. In the 2001 National Census it had a population of 2,138.

Renton is particularly famous for the village's association football side. Renton was one of the 11 founder members of the Scottish Football League and winners of the 1885 and 1888 Scottish Cup, producing many famous players.
Mount Cameron (Washington)
Mount Cameron is a 7,190-foot-elevation (2,192-meter) triple-summit mountain located within Olympic National Park in Jefferson County of Washington state. Mount Cameron is situated 21 miles southwest of Sequim, and set within the Daniel J. Evans Wilderness. Topographic relief is significant as the southeast aspect rises over 3,300 feet (1,000 meters) above the Dosewallips River in approximately one mile. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains south into the Dosewallips River, north to the Gray Wolf River via Cameron Creek, and west into headwaters of Lost River. Neighbors include line parent Mount Deception, 4.5 mi (7.2 km) to the east, and proximate parent Mount Johnson, 4.5 mi (7.2 km) to the east.

Line parent
A peak's line parent is the closest higher peak on the highest ridge leading away from the peak's "key col".  A col is the lowest point on the ridge between two summits and is roughly synonymous with the lowest point of a gap, saddle and notch. The highest col of a peak is its key col. If there is more than one ridge which can be followed to a higher peak then the line parent is the peak closest to the key col. Usually, a line parent must meet some prominence criteria, which might vary depending on the author and the location of the peak.

There are at least two other kinds of peak parentage: island parentage, which is also referred to as encirclement or topographic parentage, and source parentage.
Rosrovut
Rosrovut (Russian and Tajik: Росровут) is a village and jamoat in north-west Tajikistan. It is located in Devashtich District in Sughd Region. The jamoat has a total population of 14,419 (2015). It consists of 4 villages, including Dakhkat (the seat) and Rosrovut. In June 2005 the village suffered heavy damage from rainfall.

Devashtich District
Devashtich District (Russian: Район Деваштич; Tajik: Ноҳияи Деваштич; before 2016 Ghonchi District) is a district in the center of Sughd Region, Tajikistan, located south of the regional capital, Khujand and bordering Kyrgyzstan to the east. Its capital is Ghonchi (Ganchi in Russian transliteration). The population of the district is 173,500 (January 2020 estimate).