hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Józef Mieses
Józef Mieses (1882–1941 or 1942) was a Polish teacher, linguist, rabbi and military officer.

He reached the rank of colonel and chief rabbi in the Polish Army, where from 1921 to 1932 he worked in the Polish Ministry of Defense as the Chief of the Judaism Department. He published several works related to linguistics and was a recipient of the Polish Cross of Merit. He is presumed to have died during the Nazi occupation of Poland, most likely in 1942.

Ministry of National Defence (Poland)
The Ministry of National Defence (Polish: Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej [mi.ɲisˈtɛr.stfɔ ɔˈbrɔ.nɘ na.rɔˈdɔ.vɛj], MON [ˈmɔn] ⓘ) is an office of government in Poland headed by the Minister of National Defence. 
It is responsible for the organisation and management of the Polish Armed Forces. During the Second Polish Republic and World War II it was called the Ministry of Military Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych). Its budget for 2025 was 186,6 billion PLN.
Wilhelm Fraenger
Wilhelm Fraenger (5 June 1890 – 19 February 1964) was a German art historian.

Fraenger was born in Erlangen.  He was a specialist in the epoch of the German Peasants' War and of the mysticism of the Late Middle Ages. He wrote important studies of Jerg Ratgeb, Matthias Grünewald and Hieronymus Bosch. His work on Bosch was very influential in its day and considered Bosch under the aspect of occultism, seeing Bosch as an artist guided by an esoteric mysticism. He maintained friendships with numerous artists and intellectuals, some stretching decades.  He died in Potsdam, aged 73.

Matthias Grünewald
Matthias Grünewald (c. 1470 – 31 August 1528; also known as Mathis Gothart Nithart) was a German Renaissance painter of religious works who ignored Renaissance classicism to continue the style of late medieval Central European art into the 16th century.

Only ten paintings—including several polyptychs—and thirty-five drawings survive, all religious, although many others were lost at sea on their way to Sweden as war booty. He was obscure until the late nineteenth century, when many of his paintings were attributed to Albrecht Dürer, who is now seen as his stylistic antithesis. His largest and most famous work is the Isenheim Altarpiece created c. 1512 to 1516.
Talmalmo
Talmalmo is a town in New South Wales, Australia, 54 kilometres (34 mi) north-east of Albury, located within the Greater Hume Shire Council local government area. It is in the south-east of the Riverina region, close to the border with Victoria. By road, it is situated about 21 kilometres west of Jingellic and 23 kilometres east of Wymah. Talmalmo recorded a population of 44 at the 2021 census.

Talmalmo Post Office opened on 18 January 1904 and closed in 1971.

Local government areas of New South Wales
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in New South Wales, sorted by region. As of September 2024 there were 128 local government areas in New South Wales, there are 33 local government areas in Greater Sydney and 95 local government areas amongst 12 regions of Regional New South Wales. All councils are listed below in alphabetical order by region. There is also the Unincorporated Far West Region which is not part of any local government area, in the sparsely inhabited Far West, and Lord Howe Island, which is also unincorporated but self-governed by the Lord Howe Island Board.

Norfolk Island Regional Council is also subject to the state-level legislation of New South Wales.

Local elections are held in New South Wales every four years. The most recent elections were held in September 2024.
Hino River
The Hino River (日野川, Hino-gawa) is a major river in the western part of Tottori Prefecture, located in Honshu. The river flows east-northeast for 77 kilometres (48 mi), and is the longest river in the prefecture. The Hino River emerges from the Chūgoku Mountains. The source of the river is at an elevation of 1,004 metres (3,294 ft) in an area near Mount Mikuni and Mount Dōgo in Nichinan in southeastern Tottori Prefecture. At Kofu, the river turns north-northwest. The lower part of the Hino River flows through the Yonago Plain before finally discharging into Miho Bay at Hiezu near Yonago. Erosion over time has created the scenic Sekkakei Ravine. The Sukesawa Dam forms an artificial lake, Lake Nichinan. Approximately 60,800 people use the water provided by the Hino River.

Mount Dōgo
Mount Dōgo (道後山, Dōgo-yama), is a volcanic mountain located on the border of Nichinan, Tottori Prefecture and Shōbara, Hiroshima Prefecture. The mountain has an elevation of 1,268 m (4,160 ft). The name of Mount Dōgo in Japanese is formed from two kanji. The first, 道, means "road" and the second, 後, in this context means "behind" or "to the rear". Due to its scenery mountain is known as the "Queen of the Chūgoku Mountains."
Schlosstheater Schwetzingen
Schlosstheater Schwetzingen (Schwetzingen palace theater) is a court theater in Schwetzingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The historic building, opened in 1753, is part of Schloss Schwetzingen and since 1952 the principal venue of the Schwetzingen Festival. It is also called Hoftheater (court theater), Hofoper (court opera), and Comoedienhaus (comedy house). The frequently applied name Rokokotheater (Rococo theater) is misleading, because it shows also neoclassical elements, added in 1762.

Opernwelt
Opernwelt (Opera World) is a monthly German magazine for opera, operetta and ballet. It includes news about current performances, portraits of composers and performers, articles about opera houses, performance spaces, and contemporary and historical subjects from the world of opera and classical music. It reviews recordings and books and publishes monthly schedules of German and international opera houses. The magazine's website offers full text search for past issues. A year book is published every October.
Ayanda Bans
Ayanda Precious Bans is a South African politician serving as a Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament since May 2019. She is a member of the African National Congress and represents the Central Karoo constituency.

Central Karoo District Municipality
The Central Karoo District Municipality (Afrikaans: Sentraal Karoo-distriksmunisipaliteit) is a district municipality located in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Its municipality code is DC5.
Assender Glacier
Assender Glacier is a glacier flowing west into Spooner Bay in Enderby Land, Antarctica. It was plotted from air photos taken from Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions aircraft in 1956, and named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for Pilot Officer Ken J. Assender, RAAF, pilot at Mawson Station in 1959.

Spooner Bay
67°36′S 46°15′E﻿ / ﻿67.600°S 46.250°E﻿ / -67.600; 46.250
Spooner Bay is a 6-mile-wide bay on the coast of Enderby Land, lying 12 miles east of Freeth Bay in Alasheyev Bight. Plotted from air photos taken by Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) in 1956. First visited by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) (Thala Dan) under D.F. Styles in February 1961 and named for Sen. Bill Spooner, then Australian Minister of National Development.
Natives Land Act, 1913
The Natives Land Act, 1913 (subsequently renamed Bantu Land Act, 1913 and Black Land Act, 1913; Act No. 27 of 1913) was an Act of the Parliament of South Africa that was aimed at regulating the acquisition of land. It largely prohibited the sale of land from whites to blacks and vice-versa.

Economic interests, political influence and racial prejudices were main contributors to the introduction of the Native's Lands Act. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica: "The Natives' Land Act of 1913 defined less than one-tenth of South Africa as Black "reserves" and prohibited any purchase or lease of land by Blacks outside the reserves. The law also restricted the terms of tenure under which Blacks could live on white-owned farms."

Parliament of South Africa
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature. It is located in Cape Town; the country's legislative capital.

Under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-eighth Parliament was first convened on 14 June 2024.

From 1910 to 1994, members of Parliament were elected chiefly by the South African white minority.  The first elections with universal suffrage were held in 1994.

Both chambers held their meetings in the Houses of Parliament, Cape Town that were built 1875–1884. A fire broke out within the buildings in early January 2022, destroying the session room of the National Assembly. It was decided that, during construction work at Parliament, the National Assembly would temporarily meet at the Good Hope Chamber.
Rosenvænget
Rosenvænget is a neighbourhood in the Østerbro district of Copenhagen, Denmark.  Established in circa 1860, it was the first neighbourhood of single family detached homes in Denmark. Many of the old villas have survived but some of them have been replaced by taller buildings in the years after 1900.

The area is bounded by the streets Østerbrogade, Strandboulevarden, Nordre Frihavnsgade, Odensegade, Saabysgade and Næstvedgade. It comprises the streets Rosenvængets Hovedvej, Rosenvængets Sideallé and Kriegersgade.

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
John Hoyt Perry
John Hoyt Perry (July 26, 1848 – September 2, 1928) was a lawyer, judge and politician from Southport, Connecticut. He served in both chambers of the Connecticut General Assembly and was the speaker of the Connecticut House of Representatives in 1889.

Connecticut General Assembly
The Connecticut General Assembly (CGA) is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is a bicameral body composed of the 151-member House of Representatives and the 36-member Senate.  It meets in the state capital, Hartford. There are no term limits for members of either chamber.

During even-numbered years, the General Assembly is in session from February to May.  In odd-numbered years, when the state budget is completed, session lasts from January to June. The governor has the right to call for a special session after the end of the regular session, while the General Assembly can call for a "veto session" after the close in order to override gubernatorial vetoes.
Ibrahim Fathi
Ibrahim Fathi (Egyptian Arabic: ابراهيم فتحى; 1931 – 2019) was an Egyptian writer, intellectual and critic of the 1960s. He was called the dean of leftist intellectuals; he has numerous articles and papers published in various Arabic and foreign periodicals. In addition, Fathi was briefly a part of HADETU (Al-Haraka Al-Dimuqratiya Lil-Tahrir Al-Watani; Arabic for: The Democratic Movement for National Liberation). Fathi was honored in 2018 at the Supreme Council of Culture of Egypt for his intellectual output and role in enriching the intellectual life. In addition, Najib Mahfouz praised his writing by criticizing his works.

Gamal al-Ghitani
Gamal al-Ghitani (Arabic: جمال الغيطانى, IPA: [ɡæˈmæːl el ɣeˈtˤɑːni]; 9 May 1945 – 18 October 2015) was an Egyptian author of historical and political novels and cultural and political commentaries and was the editor-in-chief of the literary periodical Akhbar Al-Adab ("Cultural News") till 2011.
Led Zeppelin North American Tour 1968–1969
Led Zeppelin's 1968/1969 tour of North America was the first concert tour of the United States and Canada by the English rock band. The tour commenced on 26 December 1968 and concluded on 16 February 1969. It was important for the band, as their popularity grew substantially because of the concerts and helped them reach significant commercial success in the US, which translated to sales elsewhere.

John Paul Jones (musician)
John Paul Jones (born John Richard Baldwin; 3 January 1946) is an English musician and record producer who was the bassist and keyboardist for the rock band Led Zeppelin.  He was a session musician and arranger when he formed the band with Jimmy Page in 1968. Jones developed a solo career after drummer John Bonham died and Led Zeppelin disbanded in 1980. He has collaborated with musicians in a variety of genres, including the supergroup Them Crooked Vultures with Dave Grohl, Josh Homme, and Alain Johannes. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 as a member of Led Zeppelin.
Sascha Vogt
Sascha Vogt (born 13. July 1980) is a German politician. From June 2010 until December 2013 he was chairperson of the Young Socialists in the SPD (also called "Jusos"), a division of the German Social Democratic Party.

Young Socialists in the SPD
Working Group of Young Socialists in the SPD (German: Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Jungsozialistinnen und Jungsozialisten in der SPD, Jusos) is a volunteer youth organization of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

As of 2025, there are over 50,000 official Juso members.
John Briggs House
John Briggs House is a historic home located at Milo Center in Yates County, New York. It is a Federal style structure built about 1795.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Yates County, New York
Yates County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 24,774, making it the third-least populous county in New York. The county seat is Penn Yan. The name is in honor of Joseph C. Yates, who as Governor of New York signed the act establishing the county. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Yates County is included in the Rochester, New York Metropolitan Area.
James T. Draper Jr.
James Thomas "Jimmy" Draper Jr. (born October 10, 1935) was president of the Southern Baptist Convention from 1982 to 1984 and as president of Lifeway Christian Resources from 1991 to 2006.

He signed the Manhattan Declaration in 2009.

He served on pastoral staff of numerous churches through Texas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, most notably as pastor of First Southern Baptist Church Del City Oklahoma, associate pastor at First Baptist Dallas under W. A. Criswell, and pastor of First Baptist Euless (now Cross City Church).

First Baptist Church Dallas
First Baptist Dallas is a Baptist megachurch located in Dallas, Texas.  The church was established in 1868; it is affiliated with the SBC (Southern Baptist Convention). The Downtown Dallas Church is historically considered influential as a denominational leader among Protestant Churches in the United States, serving as a successful model through its involvement of several legacy community missions.

The First Baptist Church of Dallas founded many former affiliating and existing ministries—from Silent Friends to First Baptist Academy to Criswell College, KCBI to Dallas Life, amongst other legacy ministries.

The current pastor is Dr. Robert Jeffress (2007), appointed after Pastor Mac Brunson (1999), who succeeded Pastor O.S. Hawkins (1993), who then succeeded Pastor Joel C. Gregory (1990). The preceding pastors before Dr. Joel C. Gregory were Dr. W. A. Criswell (1944) and Dr. George Washington Truett (1897).
Christmas in Paris
Christina Aguilera: Christmas in Paris is a 2025 Christmas special and a documentary-concert film performed by American singer Christina Aguilera and directed by Sam Wrench. The film was released theatrically on December 14 and 22, 2025, and was a celebration for the twenty fifth anniversary of Aguilera's Christmas album, My Kind of Christmas (2000). It later aired on CBS on December 22 while simultaneously being sent to streaming.

Filmed at multiple locations in Paris, France, Aguilera performed various Christmas songs alongside three songs of her own. The performances were released as a live album titled Christmas in Paris on December 14, 2025 by Three Wishes and 5020 Records.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
2001 Cape Verdean Football Championships
The 2001 Cape Verdean Football Championship season was the 22nd of the competition of the first-tier football in Cape Verde. The competition started on 7 April and finished on 6 June, 2001. The tournament was organized by the Cape Verdean Football Federation. Onze Unidos won their first and only title. No club participated in the 2001 CAF Champions League and the 2001 CAF Winners Cup.

Cape Verdean Football Championship
The Cape Verdean Football Championship or the Campeonato Caboverdiano de Futebol is a football competition that was created in 1976 in Cape Verde.  A local championship was founded in 1953 before independence, when the islands were still part of the Portuguese Empire.
Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease
Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease, also often referred to as bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A or simply RNase A, is a pancreatic ribonuclease enzyme that cleaves single-stranded RNA.  Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease is one of the classic model systems of protein science. Two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry have been awarded in recognition of work on bovine pancreatic ribonuclease: in 1972, the Prize was awarded to Christian Anfinsen for his work on protein folding and to Stanford Moore and William Stein for their work on the relationship between the protein's structure and its chemical mechanism; in 1984, the Prize was awarded to Robert Bruce Merrifield for development of chemical synthesis of proteins.

Coding strand
When referring to DNA transcription, the coding strand (or informational strand) is the DNA strand whose base sequence is identical to the base sequence of the RNA transcript produced (although with thymine replaced by uracil). It is this strand which contains codons, while the non-coding strand contains anticodons. During transcription, RNA Pol II binds to the non-coding template strand, reads the anti-codons, and transcribes their sequence to synthesize an RNA transcript with complementary bases.

By convention, the coding strand is the strand used when displaying a DNA sequence. It is presented in the 5' to 3' direction.

Wherever a gene exists on a DNA molecule, one strand is the coding strand (or sense strand), and the other is the noncoding strand (also called the antisense strand, anticoding strand, template strand or transcribed strand).
Wyrębów, Łódź Voivodeship
Wyrębów [vɨˈrɛmbuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zadzim, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Zadzim, 10 km (6 mi) south-west of Poddębice, and 42 km (26 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Poddębice County
Poddębice County (Polish: powiat poddębicki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Poddębice, which lies 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Uniejów, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Poddębice.

The county covers an area of 880.91 square kilometres (340.1 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 42,195, out of which the population of Poddębice is 7,875, that of Uniejów is 2,916, and the rural population is 31,404.
Astrothelium flavomegaspermum
Astrothelium flavomegaspermum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Panama, it was formally described as a new species in 2017 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Javier Angel Etayo Salazar. The thallus of the lichen has a yellowish tinge and an irregular surface texture.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Tragic (album)
Tragic is the second studio album by the American rock band Orange 9mm. Produced by Dave Sardy of Barkmarket, it was released on July 23, 1996, through Atlantic Records. Guitarist Chris Traynor recorded most of the bass parts, replacing David Gentile, who was replaced by Taylor McLam near the end of the recording sessions. Traynor departed not long after the album's release, ending up joining Helmet.

Tragic is a departure from Driver Not Included's hardcore stylings in favor of a rap metal sound akin to Rage Against the Machine and Red Hot Chili Peppers, featuring acoustic and alternative metal tracks.

Barkmarket
Barkmarket was a rock music group formed in New York City in 1987. Personnel were singer/guitarist and main songwriter Dave Sardy, bass guitarist John Nowlin and drummer Rock Savage.

Barkmarket's music was usually loud and aggressive, touching on many styles (most prominently including heavy metal, hardcore punk and noise rock), but not resting definitively in any one genre.
Bairachky
Bairachky (Ukrainian: Байрачки) is a rural settlement in Alchevsk urban hromada, Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast (region), Ukraine. Population: 779 (2022 estimate)

Until 18 July 2020, Bairachky was located in Perevalsk Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Luhansk Oblast to eight, of which only four were controlled by the government. The area of Perevalsk Raion was merged into Alchevsk Raion. However, the area of raion is controlled by the Luhansk People's Republic, which continues to use the old, pre-2020 administrative divisions of Ukraine.

Perevalsk Raion
Perevalsk Raion (Ukrainian: Перевальський район) was a raion (district) of Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine, between 1939 and 2020. The administrative center of the raion was the city of Perevalsk. The last estimate of the raion population, reported by the Ukrainian government, was 63,064 (2020 est.).

The raion was known by various other names during the 20th century, including Alchevsk Raion, Voroshylovsk Raion, and Komunarsk Raion.