hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Harry Duncan (publisher)
Harry Alvin Duncan (April 19, 1916 – April 18, 1997) was a hand-press printer, author, librettist, translator, and publisher under his imprint the Cummington Press. He was known for publishing early works by Robert Lowell, Tennessee Williams, Wallace Stevens, Allen Tate, Marianne Moore, William Logan, Stephen Berg, and Dana Gioia. A 1982 Newsweek article about the rebirth of the hand press movement said that Duncan was "considered the father of the post-World War II private-press movement."

Allen Tate
John Orley Allen Tate (November 19, 1899 – February 9, 1979), known professionally as Allen Tate, was an American poet, essayist, social commentator, and poet laureate from 1943 to 1944. Among his best known works are the poems "Ode to the Confederate Dead" (1928) and "The Mediterranean" (1933), and his only novel The Fathers (1938). He is associated with New Criticism, the Fugitives and the Southern Agrarians.
Josef Waitzer
Josef Waitzer (1 May 1884 – 28 March 1966) was a German track and field athlete who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He placed 19th in the javelin throw and 16th in the discus throw, and failed to finish the pentathlon event.

Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's javelin throw
The men's javelin throw was a track and field athletics event held as part of the athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event, but in 1908 it was a standing throw with no run up. The competition was held on Saturday, July 6, 1912. Twenty-five javelin throwers from seven nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes.
Sharon Peperkamp
Sharon Andrea Peperkamp (b. 1967) is a Dutch linguist and senior research scientist with the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS). Since 2010 she has served as director of research of the Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (LSCP) in Paris.

Topics of Peperkamp's research include phonology, phonetics, prosody, multilingualism, and speech perception. One of her major contributions is in helping to establish the concept of stress "deafness".

Prosody (linguistics)
In linguistics, prosody (/ˈprɒsədi, ˈprɒz-/) is the study of elements of speech, including intonation, stress, rhythm and loudness, that occur simultaneously with individual phonetic segments: vowels and consonants. Often, prosody specifically refers to such elements, known as suprasegmentals when they extend across more than one phonetic segment.

Prosody reflects the nuanced emotional features of the speaker or of their utterances: their obvious or underlying emotional state, the form of utterance (statement, question, or command), the presence of irony or sarcasm, certain emphasis on words or morphemes, contrast,  focus, and so on. Prosody displays elements of language that are not encoded by grammar, punctuation or choice of vocabulary.
Tormo
Tormo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cristina García-Orcoyen Tormo (born 1948), Spanish politician and environmentalist

Elías Tormo (1869–1957), Spanish art historian

Ricardo Tormo (1952–1998), Spanish motorcycle road racer

Sara Sorribes Tormo (born 1996), Spanish tennis player

Cristina García-Orcoyen Tormo
Cristina García-Orcoyen Tormo (born 2 January 1948) is a Spanish People's Party politician and environmentalist who served a single term as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) in the European Parliament between 1999 and 2004. She was the general secretary of the World Wide Fund for Nature in Spain (WWF/Adena) from 1983 to 1996 and was made head of the private non-profit Environment Foundation in 1996. Tormo worked on several directives and community initiatives relating to the environment, industrial and foreign policy when she was an elected member of the European Parliament.
Surprise Lake (Idaho)
Surprise Lake is a small alpine lake in Elmore County, Idaho, United States, located in the Sawtooth Mountains in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area.  The lake is accessed from Sawtooth National Forest trail 479 along Timpa Creek Creek.

Surprise Lake is in the Sawtooth Wilderness, and a wilderness permit can be obtained at a registration box at trailheads or wilderness boundaries.  Timpa Lake is downstream of Surprise Lake, while Chickadee Lake is upstream to the southwest and Confusion Lake is upstream to the northeast.

Elmore County, Idaho
Elmore County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 28,666. The largest city and county seat is Mountain Home.

Elmore County comprises the Mountain Home, ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boise-Mountain Home-Ontario, ID-OR Combined Statistical Area.
Erez Komarovsky
Erez Komarovsky (Hebrew: ארז קומרובסקי; born 1962) is an Israeli chef, baker, educator, and author. In the 1990s he founded the Lehem Erez (Erez's Bread) bakery and café chain, and he is considered the initiator of artisanal bread-making in Israel. Since 2007 he has led a cooking school in his home in Mitzpe Mattat in the Upper Galilee. He has authored several cookbooks.

Cooking school
A cooking school is an institution devoted to education in the art and science of cooking and food preparation. There are many different types of cooking schools around the world, some devoted to training professional chefs, others aimed at amateur enthusiasts, with some being a mixture of the two. Amateur cooking schools are often intertwined with culinary tourism in many countries. Programs can vary from half a day to several years. Some programs lead to an academic degree or a recognized vocational qualification, while others do not. Many programs include practical experience in the kitchen of a restaurant attached to the school or a period of work experience in a privately owned restaurant.
Peranzanes
Peranzanes (in Leonese: Peranzáis)is a village and municipality located in the region of El Bierzo (province of León, Castile and León, Spain). According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 329 inhabitants.

Province of León
León (UK: /leɪˈɒn/, US: /leɪˈoʊn/; Spanish: [leˈon]; Leonese: Llión [ʎiˈoŋ]; Galician: [leˈoŋ]) is a province of northwestern Spain in the northern part of the Region of León and in the northwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile and León.

About one quarter of its population of 463,746 (2018) lives in the capital, León. The climate is dry, cold in winter and hot in summer. This creates the perfect environment for wine and all types of cold meats and sausages like the leonese "Morcilla" and the "Cecina".

There are two famous Roman Catholic cathedrals in the province, the main one in León and another in Astorga. The province shares the Picos de Europa National Park (in the Picos de Europa mountain range) with Cantabria and Asturias. It has 211 municipalities.
Dongshan River
24°40′03.1″N 121°48′41.1″E﻿ / ﻿24.667528°N 121.811417°E﻿ / 24.667528; 121.811417

The Dongshan River (Chinese: 冬山河; pinyin: Dōngshān Hé; Wade–Giles: Tung1-shan1 Ho2; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tang-soaⁿ-hô) is a river in northeast Taiwan. It flows through Yilan County for 24 kilometers.

Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan, alternately spelled I-lan, is a county in northeastern Taiwan. It has a population of 450,031, and its seat is located in Yilan City.

Before the Han Chinese Wu Sha led his company into large-scale reclamation in today's Yilan in 1787, the area was mainly inhabited by the indigenous Kavalan people. During the Japanese rule, much of the present day Yilan County was part of Japan within its Taihoku Prefecture. When the Republic of China took over Taiwan in 1945, it became part of Taipei County until 10 October 1950 when 12 southeastern townships of Taipei County split off to form the present day Yilan County.
Cattistock railway station
Cattistock Halt railway station was a railway station in the county of Dorset in England. It was served by trains on what is now known as the Heart of Wessex Line.  The station was initially timber but was rebuilt in 1959: the two platforms each with a concrete shelter were standard products of the former Southern Railway concrete factory at Exmouth Junction.

Exmouth Junction
Exmouth Junction is the railway junction where the Exmouth branch line diverges from the London Waterloo to Exeter main line in Exeter, Devon, England. It was for many years the location for one of the largest engine sheds in the former London and South Western Railway. The sidings served the railway's concrete casting factory as well as a goods yard.
NGC 7300
NGC 7300 is an intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation of Aquarius. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 4,566±24 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 219.7 ± 15.4 Mly (67.35 ± 4.73 Mpc). However, 15 non-redshift measurements give a closer mean distance of 181.89 ± 10.31 Mly (55.767 ± 3.162 Mpc). It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 26 July 1830.

John Herschel
Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet KH FRS (/ˈhɜːrʃəl, ˈhɛər-/; 7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and experimental photographer who invented the blueprint and did botanical work.

Herschel originated the use of the Julian day system in astronomy. He named seven moons of Saturn and four moons of Uranus – the seventh planet, discovered by his father Sir William Herschel. He made many contributions to the science of photography, and investigated colour blindness and the chemical power of ultraviolet rays. His Preliminary Discourse (1831), which advocated an inductive approach to scientific experiment and theory-building, was an important contribution to the philosophy of science.
Bodo Schlegelmilch
Bodo B. Schlegelmilch is Professor Emeritus for Global Marketing Strategy at WU, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria. He is Founding Dean and now Dean Emeritus of the WU Executive Academy. From 2018 to 2023, he served as Chair and Trustee of the Association of MBAs (AMBA) and Business Graduate Association (BGA). He has been awarded Fellowships from the Academy of International Business, the Academy of Marketing Science and the Chartered Institute of Marketing. The American Marketing Association conferred on him the Significant Contributions to Global Marketing Award, and the Lifetime Achievement Award for Higher Education, the Academy of Marketing Science the 2023 Marketer of the Year Award, and Thammasat University appointed him to a Bualuang ASEAN Chair Professorship.

The Chartered Institute of Marketing
The Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM) was founded in 1911. It has over 30,000 members, including more than 3,000 registered Chartered Marketers. CIM offers 130 study centres in 36 countries, and exam centres in 132 countries.

In 1952 Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, became the institute's patron, taking over from King George VI who was appointed in 1937 as CIM's first royal patron. In 2019 King Charles III (then Prince of Wales), became the new patron of CIM.

The first Code of Practice was introduced in 1973, and in 1989, the institute was awarded a royal charter.

CIM offers training courses, and professional qualifications, from foundation to postgraduate or master's degree level (EQF Level 7). In 1992, the European Union declared CIM's flagship qualification as the "preferred professional marketing qualification through member states".
October 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
September 30 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 2

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 14 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 1st, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 18.

Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar
The Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar describes and dictates the rhythm of the life of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Passages of Holy Scripture, saints and events for commemoration are associated with each date, as are many times special rules for fasting or feasting that correspond to the day of the week or time of year in relationship to the major feast days.

There are two types of feasts in the Orthodox Church calendar: fixed and movable. Fixed feasts occur on the same calendar day every year, whereas movable feasts change each year. The moveable feasts are generally relative to Pascha (Easter), and so the cycle of moveable feasts is referred to as the Paschal cycle.
Ralph T. H. Griffith
Ralph Thomas Hotchkin Griffith (25 May 1826 – 7 November 1906) was an English Indologist. He was a member of the Indian Education Service, and was among the first Europeans to translate the Vedas into English. He had lived in Oxford, Benares, and in Madras.

Indian Education Service
The Indian Education Service or Indian Educational Service (IES) formed part of the British Raj between 1896 and 1924, when overseas recruitment ceased. It was an administrative organisation running educational establishments in British India, largely staffed by Europeans, that was crucial to Macaulay's model of colonial education . It replaced a previous system of provincial administrations by a uniform all-India service.

The IES was formed based on the recommendations of the 1886 Public Service Commission, as part of the Superior Education Service, which comprised also the Provincial Education Service. In practice the IES was mostly British, and the Provincial Education Service was staffed by Indians, with substantial differentials of pay between the services. As a delayed consequence of the Islington Commission of 1912 on public services in India, the existing distinction between the IES and Provincial Education Service officials began to be dismantled in the early 1920s.
Nordecon
Nordecon (earlier names Eesti Ehitus and Nordecon International) is an Estonian construction company.

The company's biggest stakeholder and chairman of company's council is Toomas Luman. Since May 2006, the company is listed in Nasdaq Tallinn.

The company is established in 1989 under the name Eesti Ehitus.

Notable projects are as follows: AHHAA Centre, Lõunakeskus shopping centre, Tigutorn building.

In 2021, Nordecon was the 19th largest company on the Nasdaq Baltic Exchange in terms of trading activity.

Snail Tower
Snail Tower (Estonian: Tigutorn) is an apartment building in Tartu, Estonia. The tower resembles a gastropod shell, hence the name "snail tower".

The tower was designed by Vilen Künnapu and Ain Padrik and was opened in 2008. The tower has 23 floors.
2013 AFL Europe Championship
The 2013 AFL Europe Championship was a 16-a-side Australian rules football competition held in Dublin, Ireland between European countries. This was the second AFL Europe Championship, run by AFL Europe. Matches were played at DCU Sportsground in northern Dublin. Contested between six national teams, the Championships were won by Ireland.

Great Britain men's national Australian rules football team
The Great Britain men's national Australian rules football team is known as the Great Britain Bulldogs. The team is made up of the best British born players selected from clubs of in England, Wales and Scotland, and occasional appearances from British players playing for clubs in Australia. In AFL Europe, separate national teams represent England, Wales and Scotland.

As well as regular international friendlies, the team has played in every Australian Football International Cup since its inception in 2002.

They also compete at the triennial AFL Europe Championship, winning back to back titles in 2016 and 2019.

The Great Britain women's national Australian rules football team are called the Great Britain Swans.
Belfast–Bangor line
The Belfast to Bangor line (known simply as the Bangor line by NI Railways) is a railway line in Northern Ireland, originally part of the Belfast & County Down Railway. All services are operated by NI Railways, the only operator for Northern Ireland (NI). Unlike the rest of the United Kingdom, no railway in NI is part of the National Rail network and none is owned by Network Rail. Services run every half-hour, with up to six trains per hour in each direction (3 express and 3 stopping services) at peak times.

All NI Railways services on this line terminate at Belfast Grand Central and Bangor Bus and Rail Centre stopping at stations in between.

Botanic railway station
Botanic railway station serves the Botanic area in south Belfast, Northern Ireland and students for Queen's University Belfast; it is also near Shaftesbury Square which is along Botanic Avenue. It is named after the nearby Belfast Botanic Gardens. It is one of the four stations located in the city centre, the others being City Hospital, Lanyon Place and Grand Central.

The station opened on 26 April 1976 and is very close to City Hospital Station.

Passengers can alight here for the Ulster Museum, which is situated on the edge of Botanic Gardens.
Rhodamine 123
Rhodamine 123 /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a chemical compound and a dye. It is often used as a tracer dye within water to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport.  Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA.  Rhodamine fluorescence can also be used as a measure of membrane polarization in live cell assays both within mitochondria and with bacteria.  This use relies on the fact that rhodamine 123 accumulates in membranes in a manner which is dependent on membrane polarization.

The absorption of rhodamine 123 peaks around 505 nm and luminescence is tunable around 560 nm when used as a laser dye. Its luminescence quantum yield is 0.90.

Fluorometer
A  fluorometer, fluorimeter or fluormeter is a device used to measure parameters of visible spectrum fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light. These parameters are used to identify the presence and the amount of specific molecules in a medium. Modern fluorometers are capable of detecting fluorescent molecule concentrations as low as 1 part per trillion.

Fluorescence analysis can be orders of magnitude more sensitive than other techniques. Applications include chemistry/biochemistry, medicine, environmental monitoring. For instance, they are used to measure chlorophyll fluorescence to investigate plant physiology.
2002–03 Wessex Football League
The 2002–03 Wessex Football League was the 17th season of the Wessex Football League. The league champions for the first time in their history were Eastleigh, who were promoted to the Southern League. There was no relegation this season.

For sponsorship reasons, the league was known as the Jewson Wessex League.

Eastleigh F.C.
Eastleigh Football Club is a professional association football club based in Eastleigh, Hampshire, England. The team competes in the National League, the fifth level of the English football league system.

Originally formed as Swaythling Athletic in 1946, they joined the Hampshire League in 1950. In 1977, they changed their name to Swaythling before changing again in 1980 to Eastleigh. They were founder members of the Wessex League ahead of the 1986–87 season. Eastleigh remained at this level until they won the division in 2002–03. They subsequently joined the Southern League Eastern division, Isthmian League and Conference South over the following years. After two unsuccessful play-off attempts, Eastleigh were promoted to the top division of non-League as champions in the 2013–14 season. They play their home matches at The Silverlake Stadium.
Sandra Urrutia
Sandra Milena Urrutia Pérez (born September 20, 1978) is a Colombian lawyer specializing in telecommunications and administrative law from 2022 to 2023 as the Minister of Information and Communication Technologies.

Urrutia has held various public and private positions as a telecommunications legal advisor and administrator. In 2002, she began her career in the public sector as a legal adviser to the Superintendence of Residential Public Services and became a director in said entity. Later she was a legal advisor to the Communications Regulation Commission. She was coordinator of surveillance and control of the National Television Authority.

Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications (Colombia)
Ministry for the Information and Communications Technologies (Spanish: Ministerio de Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones, abbreviated MinTIC), is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia responsible for overseeing the information and communication technologies, telecommunications and broadcasting industries in Colombia.
La Niña (album)
La Niña is the second studio album by Spanish singer Lola Indigo. It was released on July 2, 2021, through Universal Music Spain. Its expected release is preceded by three singles: "Cómo te Va?" featuring Spanish singer Beret, "Calle" featuring Puerto Rican rappers Guaynaa and Cauty and the solo release "Spice Girls". Other vocal collaborations include Tini, Belinda, Khea, Mala Rodríguez, Lyanno and Roy Borland. In the deluxe edition of the album, which includes the top ten singles "4 Besos" and "Lola Bunny", Rauw Alejandro, Lalo Ebratt and Don Patricio also appear as vocal collaborators. The aesthetic of the album revolves around pink and bubblegum culture, mainly inspired in fashion dolls.

Khea
Ivo Alfredo Thomas Serue (born 13 April 2000), known by his stage name Khea, is an Argentine rapper and singer. He is a member of the Argentine Latin trap scene along with artists such as Cazzu and Duki.
Weretā Tainui Pītama
Weretā Tainui Pītama (1881 – 5 April 1930) was a New Zealand farmer, land claimant and trust board chairman of Māori descent, affiliated with the Ngāi Tahu iwi. He was born in 1881 at Te Rāpaki-o-Te Rakiwhakaputa.

He stood as an independent candidate in the 1922 by-election for the Southern Maori electorate.

Southern Maori
Southern Maori was one of New Zealand's four original parliamentary Māori electorates established in 1868, along with Northern Maori, Western Maori and Eastern Maori. In 1996, with the introduction of MMP, the Maori electorates were updated, and Southern Maori was replaced with the Te Tai Tonga and Te Puku O Te Whenua electorates.
Directflight
Directflight Limited, trading as Airtask Group, is a British airline based in Cranfield, Bedfordshire, England and operating flights mainly in the Shetland Islands. It is a subsidiary of Airtask Group Ltd. Directflight (Scotland) Limited was dissolved on 12 July 2013 and merged into Directflight Limited.

Cranfield
Cranfield is a village and civil parish in the west of Bedfordshire, England, situated between Bedford and Milton Keynes. It had a population of 4,909 in 2001, increasing to 5,369 at the 2011 census. The parish is in Central Bedfordshire unitary authority. It is best known for being the home of Cranfield University and Cranfield Airport (an airfield).

The hamlet of Bourne End is located just north of Cranfield, and is part of the civil parish. Wharley End was a separate settlement, but now forms the northern part of Cranfield village, by the university.