hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Šēdere parish
Šēdere Parish is an administrative territory of Augšdaugava Municipality in the Selonia region of Latvia.
It was established under the 1920 land reform, and was previously known as Laši parish. It is situated on the southern border with Lithuania.

Šēdere - parish administrative center

Augšdaugava Municipality
Augšdaugava Municipality (Latvian: Augšdaugavas novads, "upper Daugava municipality") is one of the 35 municipalities established in Latvia in 2021. It surrounds the independent state city of Daugavpils, however, the municipal headquarters are located there, outside of the municipality. Its first elected municipal council has taken office on 1 July 2021.
Platì
Platì (Greek: Πλατύ, romanized: Platý, lit. 'wide; the plain'; Calabrian: Pratì) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Reggio Calabria, in Calabria, southern Italy. It rises 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level on the slope of the Aspromonte mountains and is located next to the Aspromonte National Park.

Aspromonte National Park
Aspromonte National Park is situated in the southern section of the Apennines, in Calabria, Italy.

The park lies near the sea and includes mountain summits with altitudes close to 2000 meters (Montalto is 1,955 m).

The park's territory, crossed by several watercourses, is populated by important species such as Italian wolf, peregrine falcon, Eurasian eagle-owl and northern goshawk. Most of the territory is dominated by forests of beech, silver fir, black pine, holm oak, sweet chestnut and Mediterranean maquis shrubland. A couple of rare species live here: Bonelli's eagle and a tropical fern, Woodwardia radicans.

Surrounded by the Mediterranean, the park is also rich in historical, artistic and archaeological value.

The park obtained recognition of UNESCO Global Geopark on April 21, 2021.
Elio Martusciello
Elio Martusciello (born 23 November 1959, Naples, Italy) is an Italian experimental music composer and performer, principally on guitar and computer. He has studied photography  with Mimmo Jodice and visual art with Carlo Alfano, Armando De Stefano and Rosa Panaro. He is a self-taught musician/composer and teaches "electronic music" at Conservatory of Music, Napoli, Italy. His compositional aesthetics are derived from acousmatic issues, but in addition to acousmatic composition he composes for instruments and live electronics, sound installation, multi-media works, audiovisual art and computer music improvisation. He lives in Napoli, Italy.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
Waterside (District Electoral Area)
Waterside is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Derry and Strabane, Northern Ireland. The district elects seven members to Derry and Strabane District Council and contains the wards of Caw, Clondermot, Drumahoe, Ebrington, Kilfennan, Lisnagelvin and Victoria. Waterside forms part of the Foyle constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Londonderry Area B which had existed since 1973, where it originally contained six wards (Altnagelvin, Caw, Clondermot, Ebrington, Lisnagelvin and Victoria). For the 1993 local elections it gained an additional ward, Kilfennan.

Foyle (Assembly constituency)
55°03′07″N 7°14′42″W﻿ / ﻿55.052°N 7.245°W﻿ / 55.052; -7.245

Foyle  is a constituency in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

The seat was first used for a Northern Ireland-only election for the Northern Ireland Forum in 1996. Since 1998, it has elected members to the current Assembly.

For Assembly elections prior to 1996, the constituency was largely part of the Londonderry constituency. Since 1997, it has shared boundaries with the Foyle UK Parliament constituency.

For further details of the history and boundaries of the constituency, see Foyle (UK Parliament constituency).
2007 Women's British Open
The 2007 Women's British Open was the 31st Women's British Open, held 2–5 August at the Old Course at St Andrews in Fife, Scotland. It was the seventh as a major championship on the LPGA Tour and the first-ever women's professional event at the Old Course.

Lorena Ochoa shot a bunker-free and bogey-free 67 (−6) in the opening round and led wire-to-wire to win the first of her two major titles, four strokes ahead of runners-up Maria Hjorth and Jee Young Lee.

Prior to Ochoa, the last to win a first major at the Old Course was Tony Lema, 43 years earlier in 1964. This was the first Women's British Open sponsored by Ricoh, the previous twenty were by Weetabix.

Tony Lema
Anthony David Lema (February 25, 1934 – July 24, 1966) was an American professional golfer who rose to fame in the mid-1960s and won a major title, the 1964 Open Championship at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. He died two years later at age 32 in an aircraft accident near Chicago.
As easy as pie
"As easy as pie" is a popular colloquial idiom and simile which is used to describe a task or experience as pleasurable and simple. The phrase is often interchanged with piece of cake, which shares the same connotation.

Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.
Estonia national rugby league team
The Estonia national rugby league team represents Estonia in the sport of rugby league football.  Estonia started competing in international rugby league in 2005.  They have competed in several tournaments, including the Central Europe Development Tri-Nations and the European Bowl.

As of July 2025 Estonia are 55th in the IRL Men's World Rankings.

Rugby League European Championship C
The Rugby League European Championship C (formerly the European Bowl) is an international European rugby league football tournament organised by the European Rugby League for third tier rugby league nations.
Carousel voting
Carousel voting (in Russian карусель (karusel, "carousel")) is a method of vote rigging in elections, used particularly in Russia and Serbia, whereby "busloads of voters [being] driven around to cast ballots multiple times". The term "carousel" refers to the circular movement made by the voters, from one polling station to the next, alluding to fairground carousels. Similar practice was reported in Serbia during the 2023 and 2024 local elections when thousands of voters were bussed from one municipality to another (or from Republika Srpska to Serbia), so to vote in municipalities where they do not live.

Ballot
A ballot is a device used to cast votes in an election and may be found as a piece of paper or a small ball used in voting. It was originally a small ball (see blackballing) used to record decisions made by voters in Italy around the 16th century.

Each voter uses one ballot, and ballots are not shared. In the simplest elections, a ballot may be a scrap of paper on which each voter writes in the name of a candidate, but governmental elections use printed ballots to protect the secrecy of the votes. The voter casts their ballot in a box at a polling station.

In British English, this is usually called a "ballot paper". The word ballot is used for an election process within an organization (such as a trade union "holding a ballot" of its members).
Amalie Skram
Amalie Skram (22 August 1846 – 15 March 1905) was a Norwegian author and feminist who gave voice to a woman's point of view with her naturalist writing.  In Norway, she is frequently considered the most important female writer of the Modern Breakthrough (Det moderne gjennombrudd). Her more notable works include a tetralogy, Hellemyrsfolket (1887–98) which portray  relations within  a family over four generations.

Bispebjerg Cemetery
Bispebjerg Cemetery (Danish: Bispebjerg Kirkegård), established in 1903 on the moderately graded north slope of Bispebjerg Hill, is the newest of five municipal cemeteries in Copenhagen, Denmark. The main entrance to the cemetery is located next to the monumental Grundtvig's Church, built later in 1921–40. A tall poplar avenue extends from the main entrance towards Utterslev Mose in the west. The old chapel has been converted into a centre for dance and is now known as Dansekapellet (Chapel of Dance). One of the cemetery’s main attractions is an avenue of Japanese cherry trees that, when in bloom during spring, form a long, pink tunnel.
Broad Run (White Clay Creek tributary)
Broad Run is a 4.3-mile-long (6.9 km) tributary of White Clay Creek located principally in New Garden Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.

The headwaters of Broad Run are in Kaolin, just south of Pennsylvania Route 41. Flowing southward, the stream enters a wide, deep valley. Between two hills east of Landenberg, Broad Run has been dammed to form Somerset Lake, the center of a development. Just south of the dam is the site of the Wilmington and Western Railroad's Broad Run Trestle, removed when the line to Landenberg was abandoned around 1940. Below, the valley narrows between hills again, and Broad Run enters London Britain Township and the White Clay Creek Preserve just before receiving Walnut Run. It empties into the White Clay about an eighth of a mile below.

Broad Run is included in the designation of the White Clay Creek as a Wild and Scenic River.

Kaolin, Pennsylvania
Kaolin is an unincorporated community in Chester County in southeastern Pennsylvania, United States. The community is located on Pennsylvania Route 41 between Avondale to the northwest and Hockessin, Delaware to the southeast.
Kenji Tomita
Kenji Tomita (富田健治, 1 November 1897 – 23 March 1977) was a Japanese politician. He was born in Kobe. He graduated from Kyoto University. He was governor of Nagano Prefecture (1938–1940), served as Cabinet Secretary under Fumimaro Konoe, and was elected to the House of Representatives in 1952. He was a recipient of the Order of the Sacred Treasure.

Tomita was a keen martial artist, studying judo and aikido. He used his influence to protect aikido's founder Morihei Ueshiba from arrest during the Second Oomoto Incident in 1935 and was the first chairman of the Aikikai.

Aikikai
The Aikikai is the original school of Aikido. It is centered on the Aikikai Foundation in Japan, and its figurehead is the Doshu (the family heir of the founder of Aikido). It is represented globally through the International Aikido Federation.
Marianne Jahn
Marianne Jahn-Nutt (14 December 1942 – 30 July 2025) was an Austrian alpine skier. She won two gold medals at the 1962 World Championships, in the slalom and giant slalom events. She competed at the 1960 and 1964 Winter Olympics with the best result of 13th place in the giant slalom in 1964. Jahn died on 30 July 2025, at the age of 82.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
Ormsund RK
Ormsund Roklub is a rowing club from Oslo, Norway.

Established on 21 July 1883, it is based on Malmøya in the Oslofjord, outside Bekkelaget. Well-known members include the 1912 Olympic bronze winners Claus Høyer, Reidar Holter, Max Herseth, Frithjof Olstad and Olaf Bjørnstad, and the post-war rowers Alf Hansen, Frank Hansen, Lars Bjønness, Magnus Grepperud, Svein Thøgersen and Peter Wærness.

Lars Bjønness
Lars Bjønness (born 27 July 1963) is a former Norwegian competition rower and Olympic medalist.

He received a silver medal in quadruple sculls at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, together with Alf Hansen, Vetle Vinje, and Rolf Thorsen.

He also received a silver medal in quadruple sculls at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, together with Kjetil Undset, Per Sætersdal, and Rolf Thorsen.
Annalen der Physik
Annalen der Physik (English: Annals of Physics) is one of the oldest scientific journals on physics; it has been published since 1799. The journal publishes original, peer-reviewed papers on experimental, theoretical, applied, and mathematical physics and related areas. The editor-in-chief is Stefan Hildebrandt. Prior to 2008, its ISO 4 abbreviation was Ann. Phys. (Leipzig), after 2008 it became Ann. Phys. (Berl.).

The journal is the successor to Journal der Physik, published from 1790 until 1794, and Neues Journal der Physik, published from 1795 until 1797. The journal has been published under a variety of names (Annalen der Physik, Annalen der Physik und der physikalischen Chemie, Annalen der Physik und Chemie, Wiedemann's Annalen der Physik und Chemie) during its history.

Applied physics
Applied physics is the application of physics to solve scientific or engineering problems. It is usually considered a bridge or a connection between physics and engineering.
"Applied" is distinguished from "pure" by a subtle combination of factors, such as the motivation and attitude of researchers and the nature of the relationship to the technology or science that may be affected by the work. Applied physics is rooted in the fundamental truths and basic concepts of the physical sciences but is concerned with the utilization of scientific principles in practical devices and systems and with the application of physics in other areas of science and high technology.
RAF Driffield
Royal Air Force Driffield or RAF Driffield is a former Royal Air Force station in the East Riding of Yorkshire, in England. It lies about 2 miles (3 km) south-west of Driffield and 11 miles (18 km) north-west of Beverley. It is now operated by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation, as the Driffield Training Area.

Defence Infrastructure Organisation
Defence Infrastructure Organisation (DIO) is an operating arm of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in the United Kingdom, which is responsible for the built and rural estate. Its chief executive is Mike Green.
Kratochvíl
Kratochvíl (feminine form: Kratochvílová) is a Czech and Slovak surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonin Kratochvil (born 1947), Czech-born American photojournalist

David Kratochvil (born 2007), Czech Paralympic swimmer

Jan Kratochvíl (born 1959), Czech mathematician

Gabriela Kratochvílová (born 1990), Czech model

Jarmila Kratochvílová (born 1951), Czech 400 m runner

Josef Kratochvíl (footballer) (1905–1984), Czechoslovak footballer

Josef Kratochvíl, Czech civil servant

Josef Kratochvíl (1909–1992), Czech zoologist

Martin Kratochvíl (born 1946), Czech jazz musician

Michel Kratochvil (born 1979), Swiss tennis player

Karel Kratochvíl (born 1982), Czech footballer

Michal Kratochvíl, Slovak water polo player

Miloš Kratochvíl (born 1996), Czech footballer

Monika Kratochvílová (born 1974), Czech tennis player

Roman Kratochvíl (born 1974), Slovak footballer

Tomáš Kratochvíl (born 1971), Czech race walker

Tomáš Kratochvíl
Tomáš Kratochvíl (born 19 December 1971, in Prague) is a retired Czech race walker who represented the club USK Praha. In 1995 he participated at the 1995 World Championships (20 km), but was disqualified. He also finished 34th at the 1995 IAAF World Race Walking Cup. In 1996 he finished 48th at the 1996 Olympic Games (20 km). He also competed at the 1997 IAAF World Race Walking Cup. He became Czech champion in 1997 (20 km).
Željuša
Željuša is a village in the municipality of Dimitrovgrad, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1394 people. It is located just west from Lukavica, close to the Bulgarian border.

Municipalities and cities of Serbia
The municipalities and cities (Serbian: општине и градови / opštine i gradovi) are the first-level administrative division and the basic level of local government of Serbia. The country is divided into 145 municipalities and 29 cities.

Municipalities and cities form 29 administrative districts, except the City of Belgrade which is not part of any district.
Silverbird (album)
Silverbird is the debut solo studio album by the English singer-songwriter Leo Sayer. It was originally released in November 1973 by Chrysalis (UK), and Warner Bros. (US). It was co-produced by former British pop teen idol Adam Faith and David Courtney.

Sayer began his career as a recording artist under the management guidance of Adam Faith and David Courtney who signed Sayer to the Chrysalis label in the UK and Warner Bros. Records in the USA. His debut single "Why Is Everybody Going Home" failed to chart, but he shot to national prominence in the UK with his second single, the plaintive music hall-styled song "The Show Must Go On", which Sayer memorably performed on British television wearing a pierrot costume and make-up. The single went quickly to No. 2 on the UK chart, as did this debut album, for which Courtney and Sayer wrote all eleven tracks.

Adam Faith
Terence Nelhams Wright (23 June 1940 – 8 March 2003), known professionally as Adam Faith, was an English singer, actor, and financial journalist. As a British rock and roll teen idol, he scored consecutive No. 1 hits on the UK singles chart with "What Do You Want?" (1959) and "Poor Me" (1960). He became the first UK artist to lodge his initial seven hits in the top 5, and was ultimately one of the most charted acts of the 1960s. He was also one of the first UK acts to record original songs regularly.

Faith also maintained an acting career, appearing as Dave in the teen exploitation film Beat Girl (1960), the eponymous lead in the ITV television series Budgie (1971–1972) and Frank Carver in the BBC comedy drama Love Hurts (1992–1994).
Dainty damselfly
The dainty damselfly (Coenagrion scitulum), also known as the dainty bluet, is a blue damselfly of the family Coenagrionidae. This is a scarce species found mainly in southern Europe, northern Africa, southwest Asia, and Central America. C. scitulum are Odonata (dragonflies & damselflies) predators that can reach a length of 30–33 mm at maturity and have hind-wing lengths of 15–20 mm. The males and females do exhibit differing features through their colouration making them easily distinguishable. As shown in the photo to the left, segment eight is blue in colour followed by black markings on segment nine, whereas the females are mostly black near the rear with smaller blue markings. Although they are relatively simple to sex, they are easily confused with the common blue damselfly.

Local extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions.

Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction.
Haus Konstruktiv
Haus Konstruktiv (English: Foundation for Constructive and Concrete Art), or Museum Haus Konstruktiv, is an arts foundation founded by private individuals in 1986 in Zürich, Switzerland.

From 1987 to spring 2001, it was located at Seefeldstrasse 317 in the outer Seefeld area of Zurich and was known as the "House for Constructive and Concrete Art". The new premises are close to the centre of Zurich at Selnaustrasse 25, in a former power station building. The Museum moved again in early 2025 and is now located at Limmatstrasse 268, near Escher-Wyss-Platz.

The foundation promotes "constructive, concrete, and conceptual art and design". The Zurich Art Prize was founded in 2007 by the Museum Haus Konstruktiv together with the Zurich Insurance Group.

Zurich Insurance Group
Zurich Insurance Group Ltd. is a Swiss insurance company, headquartered in Zürich, and the country's largest insurer. As of 2024, the group is the world's 98th largest public company according to Forbes' Global 2000s list, and in 2011, it ranked 94th in Interbrand's top 100 brands.

Zurich is a global insurance company which is organized into three core business segments: General Insurance, Global Life and Farmers. Zurich employs 55,000 people, with customers in 215 countries and territories. The company is listed on SIX Swiss Exchange. As of 2012, it had a shareholders' equity of $34.494 billion.
Deliberation Day
Deliberation Day is a proposed national holiday in the United States aimed at enhancing democratic engagement through structured public discussions prior to major elections. Conceived by the constitutional law scholar Bruce Ackerman and the political scientist James S. Fishkin, who laid out the rationale for their proposal in their 2005 book, Deliberation Day, the initiative seeks to foster informed citizen participation in the electoral process.

Bruce Ackerman
Bruce Arnold Ackerman (born August 19, 1943) is an American legal scholar who serves as a Sterling Professor at Yale Law School. In 2010, he was named by Foreign Policy magazine to its list of top global thinkers. Ackerman was also identified as one of the top 50 thinkers of the COVID-19 era by Prospect.
HMS Mercia
HMS Mercia was a shore establishment of the Royal Navy based in Smith Street, Coventry, England. It functioned as a communications training centre.

The ship was commissioned on 1 October 1984, and paid off on 29 July 1994, when the ship's company were moved to HMS Forward in nearby Birmingham.: 111

When HMS Mercia was decommissioned, her ship's bell was presented to Coventry Cathedral.

Ship's bell
A ship's bell is a bell on a ship that is used for the indication of time as well as other traditional functions. The bell itself is usually made of brass or bronze, and normally has the ship's name engraved or cast on it.
Alona Ben-Tal
Alona Ben-Tal (Hebrew: אלונה בן טל) is an Israeli and New Zealand applied mathematician who works as an associate professor and deputy head of school in the School of Natural and Computational Sciences at Massey University. Her research concerns dynamical systems and the mathematical modeling of human and bird breathing and of electrical power systems.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.