hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jean Romilly
Jean Romilly (27 June 1714 – 16 February 1796) was an 18th-century Genevan watchmaker, journalist and encyclopédiste.

Born in a Huguenot family which took refuge in Geneva following the Edict of Fontainebleau, Romilly became known by various improvements he made to his art. He realized, among other remarkable works, a watch that could go a whole year without being winded, but he left Ferdinand Berthoud the honor to give his invention the required degree of accuracy.

Romilly was one of the founders of the Journal de Paris in 1777, and an editor of the Encyclopédie by Diderot and d’Alembert, to which he contributed articles on the theoretical part of watchmaking.

His son, theologian Jean-Edme Romilly also collaborated with the Encyclopédie. His daughter, Jeanne, was general Cavaignac's grandmother.

Edict of Fontainebleau
The Edict of Fontainebleau (18 October 1685, published 22 October 1685), also known as the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, was an edict issued by King Louis XIV of France, repealing the rights freedoms afforded to the Huguenots. The Edict of Nantes (1598) had granted Huguenots (French Calvinism Protestants) the right to practice their religion without state persecution. Protestants had lost their independence in places of refuge under Cardinal Richelieu on account of their supposed insubordination, but they continued to live in comparative security and political ease prior to the edict. From the outset, religious tolerance in France had been a royal, rather than popular, policy. However, the lack of universal adherence to Roman Catholicism was incompatible with Louis XIV's vision of a perfect autocracy, and through successive efforts, the Huguenots were left disenfranchised of their religious institutions and rits.
David Bell (Australian politician)
David Bell (17 April 1828 – 23 November 1894) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Maitland to overseer Robert Bell. Little is known of him, but he was an unmarried pastoralist who probably held runs at Geogola and Spring Flat. In 1861 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Camden, but he did not re-contest in 1864. Bell died in Dubbo in 1894.

Maitland, New South Wales
Maitland (/ˈmeɪtlənd/ MAYT-lənd) is a city in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales, Australia and the seat of Maitland City Council, situated on the Hunter River approximately 166 kilometres (103 mi) by road north of Sydney and 35 km (22 mi) north-west of Newcastle. It is on the New England Highway approximately 17 km (11 mi) from its origin at Hexham.

At the 2021 census it had approximately 89,597 inhabitants, spread over an area of 392 square kilometres (151 sq mi), with most of the population located in a strip along the New England Highway between the suburbs of Lochinvar and Thornton. The city centre is located on the right bank of the Hunter River, protected from moderate potential flooding by a levee.

Surrounding areas include the cities of Cessnock and Singleton local government areas.
Convoy (1940 film)
Convoy is a 1940 British war film, produced by Ealing Studios, directed by Pen Tennyson and starring Clive Brook, John Clements and Edward Chapman. Convoy was Tennyson's last film before he was killed in an aircraft crash, while serving in the Royal Navy.

Edward Chapman (actor)
Edward Chapman (13 October 1901 – 9 August 1977) was an English actor who starred in many films and television programmes, but is chiefly remembered as "Mr William Grimsdale", the officious superior and comic foil to Norman Wisdom's character of Pitkin in many of his films from the late 1950s and 1960s.
It Must Be Him (Vikki Carr album)
It Must Be Him is a 1967 album by Vikki Carr. The album reached No. 12 on the Billboard albums chart and is the singer's most successful English-language release. The title song reached No. 3 on the Billboard singles chart. The track was produced by Tommy Oliver.

Gilbert Bécaud
François Gilbert Léopold Silly (24 October 1927 – 18 December 2001), known professionally as Gilbert Bécaud (French pronunciation: [ʒilbɛʁ beko]), was a French singer, composer, pianist and actor, known as "Monsieur 100,000 Volts" for his energetic performances. His best-known hits are "Nathalie" and "Et maintenant", a 1961 release that became an English language hit as "What Now My Love". He remained a popular artist for nearly fifty years, identifiable in his dark blue suits, with a white shirt and "lucky tie"; blue with white polka dots. When asked to explain his gift he said, "A flower doesn't understand botany." His favourite venue was the Paris Olympia under the management of Bruno Coquatrix. He debuted there in 1954 and headlined in 1955, attracting 6,000 on his first night, three times the capacity. On 13 November 1997, Bécaud was present for the re-opening of the venue after its reconstruction.
China Slaver
China Slaver is a 1929 American pre-Code action film produced by Trinity Pictures. Directed by Frank Mattison and written by Cecil Hill and L. V. Jefferson based on a story by Calvin Holivey and Rupert Hughes, the film features a cast that includes Sôjin Kamiyama, Albert Valentino, Iris Yamaoka, Ben Wilson, Jimmy Aubrey, and James Leong. The storyline involves a Chinese spy who is sent to infiltrate a remote island that is suspected to have become a hotbed of narcotics and white slavery under the rule of a tyrannical Chinese criminal. The film received generally lukewarm reviews from critics, although Sojin's performance in particular was praised.

L. V. Jefferson
L. V. Jefferson (born Louis Victor Jefferson) was an American screenwriter and short story author. He claimed to be capable of automatic writing and was an influence on Jane Wolfe. He credited looking into a crystal ball with empowering him. He was born in Carthage, Missouri. He worked in the Western scenario department for Universal. He also wrote for Triangle and worked with Irvin Willat of Willat Studios.
Ayaka Suzuki (rugby union)
Ayaka Suzuki (鈴木 彩香, Suzuki Ayaka; born September 30, 1989) is a Japanese rugby union and sevens player. She competed at the Rio Olympics as part of Japan's women's sevens team, and has also featured at two Rugby World Cup's in 2017 and 2021.

Women's Rugby World Cup
The Women's Rugby World Cup is the women's rugby union world championship which is organised by World Rugby. The first Rugby World Cup for women was held in 1991, but it was not until the 1998 tournament that the tournament received official backing from the International Rugby Board (IRB, now World Rugby); by 2009, the IRB had retroactively recognized the 1991 and 1994 tournaments and their champions.

Normally, the tournament is held every four years; it was moved forward in 2017 so that the competition could be held in the year before the Commonwealth Games. The 2021 tournament was postponed to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but still marketed as the 2021 tournament.

Three countries have won the Women's Rugby World Cup since its establishment, with New Zealand having won the tournament a record six times.
Bernardo Brito
Bernardo Brito (born December 4, 1963) is a Dominican former professional baseball player who played outfield and designated hitter in the Major Leagues from 1992–1995. While having a successful minor league career, hitting 299 home runs and playing in three minor league all-star games over the course of 15 seasons, he would play only 40 games in the Major Leagues for the Minnesota Twins.

Outfield
The outfield, in cricket, baseball and softball is the area of the field of play further from the batsman or batter than the infield. In association football (sin. soccer), the outfield players are positioned outside the goal area.
Catbalogan Airport
Catbalogan Airport (ICAO: RPVY) is an airport serving Catbalogan, the capital of Samar, Philippines.  It is classified as a community airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP), a body of the Department of Transportation (DOTr) that is responsible for the operations of not only this airport but also other airports in the Philippines except the major international airports. Catbalogan Airport is located in Barangay Cabugawan on Buri Island, connected via land bridge of Route 675 to the coast of Barangay Silanga, Catbalogan.

Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines
The Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP, Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈkaʔap]; Filipino: Pangasiwaan sa Abyasyong Sibil ng Pilipinas) is the civil aviation authority of the Philippines and is responsible for implementing policies on civil aviation to assure safe, economic and efficient air travel. The agency also investigates aviation accidents via its Aircraft Accident Investigation and Inquiry Board. Formerly the Air Transportation Office, it is an independent regulatory body attached to the Department of Transportation for the purpose of policy coordination.
Leif Skagnæs
Leif Skagnæs (20 November 1903 – 1 July 1955) was a Norwegian nordic combined skier who competed in early 1930s. He won an individual silver at the 1930 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Oslo.

He participated in the demonstration event, military patrol (precursor to biathlon), in the 1928 Winter Olympics.

Nordic combined
Nordic combined is a winter sport in which athletes compete in cross-country skiing and ski jumping. The Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics has been held since the first Winter Olympics in 1924, while the FIS Nordic Combined World Cup has been held since 1983. Many Nordic combined competitions use the Gundersen method, where placement in the ski jumping segment results in time (dis)advantages added to the contestant's total in the cross-country skiing segment (e.g. the ski jumping winner starts the cross-country skiing race at 00:00:00 while the one with the lowest jumping score starts with the longest time penalty).
Suseo–Pyeongtaek high-speed railway
The Suseo–Pyeongtaek high-speed railway (Korean: 수서평택고속선; formerly known as Sudogwon HSR Line), also known as Suseo–Pyeongtaek HSR,  is a high-speed rail line from Suseo station in southeast Seoul to a junction with the existing Gyeongbu high-speed railway in South Korea. The line was built to ensure southeast Seoul (or Gangnam area) and southern Gyeonggi-do have high-speed rail connections.

Gyeonggi Province
Gyeonggi Province (Korean: 경기도; RR: Gyeonggi-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌ̹ŋ.ɡi.do̞]) is the most populous province in South Korea.

Seoul, the nation's largest city and capital, is in the heart of the area but has been separately administered as a provincial-level special city since 1946. Incheon, the nation's third-largest city, is on the coast of the province and has been similarly administered as a provincial-level metropolitan city since 1981. The three jurisdictions are collectively referred to as Sudogwon and cover 11,730 km2 (4,530 sq mi), with a combined population of over 26 million - amounting to over half (50.25%) of the entire population of South Korea, and a third of the population of the Korean peninsula at the 2020 census.
1989 Giro del Trentino
The 1989 Giro del Trentino was the 13th edition of the Tour of the Alps cycle race and was held on 8 May to 10 May 1989. The race started in Riva del Garda and finished in Arco. The race was won by Mauro-Antonio Santaromita.

Arco, Trentino
Arco is a comune in Trentino-Alto Adige in northern Italy.
The town is faced on one side by sheer limestone cliffs jutting up like a wall protecting it and its ancient hilltop castle.
King Francis II of the Two Sicilies died there in 1894.
T. M. Preble
Thomas Motherwell Preble (1810–1907) was a Free Will Baptist minister in New Hampshire and a Millerite preacher. After accepting the teachings of William Miller, Preble was excommunicated from his church.

Preble appears to have accepted the seventh-day Sabbath in 1844, possibly from Frederick Wheeler or someone associated with the Washington, New Hampshire, church.  Preble was the first Millerite to advocate the Sabbath in print. In the Feb. 28, 1845, issue of the Hope of Israel, an Adventist periodical in Portland, Maine, was reprinted in tract form in March, 1845, with the title, Tract, Showing That the Seventh Day Should be Observed as the Sabbath. This tract led to the conversion of J. N. Andrews and other Adventist families in Paris, Maine, as well as to Joseph Bates.

Two years later, however, Preble repudiated the Sabbath and later wrote some articles against the Seventh-Day Sabbath in The World's Crisis and a book, entitled First-Day Sabbath.

J. N. Andrews
John Nevins Andrews (July 22, 1829 – October 21, 1883) was a Seventh-day Adventist minister and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. He was the first official Seventh-day Adventist missionary, writer, editor, and scholar. Andrews University (Michigan, USA), a university owned and operated by the Seventh-day Adventist church, is named after him.
Peravurani railway station
Peravurani railway station (station code: PVI) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It is a railway station serving the town of Peravurani in Tamil Nadu, India.
This station was first opened on 31.12.1903
along with Pattukottai to Aranthangi section before independence. This station located in the thiruvarur -karaikudi section one of the longest stretch in Tiruchirappalli railway division .

Southern Railway zone
Southern Railway (abbreviated SR) is one of the 18 zones of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Chennai and operates across the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh and the union territory of Puducherry. It maintains about 5,081 km (3,157 mi) of railway lines and operates 727 railway stations.

The origin of the Southern Railway can be traced back to the mid-19th century. In 1835, the first railway track in India was constructed in Madras and became operational in 1837. The Madras Railway was formally established later in 1845. The Southern Railway was created on 14 April 1950 by merging three state railways, namely, the Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway, the South Indian Railway Company, and the Mysore State Railway and became the first railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Buru–Angwe language
Buru and Angwe constitute a potentially rather divergent Southern Bantoid language spoken in Sardauna LGA, Taraba State of Nigeria.

Buru is the language of a village near where Batu is spoken, east of Baissa.
Angwe had previously been assumed to be Batu, a Tivoid language, but turns out to be the same language as Buru. There are resemblances to Tivoid, though apart from sharing some lexical items with Northwest Tivoid, presumably due to contact, there is little evidence to classify it. It is treated as an isolate within Bantoid by Blench (2016).

Taraba State
TarabaListenⓘ  is a state in north-eastern Nigeria, named after the Taraba River, which traverses the southern part of the state. It is nicknamed "Nature's Gift to the Nation". The state capital is Jalingo. It is home to a diverse population including about 80 distinct ethnicities and their languages.
David Stapleton (Lieutenant-General)
Lieutenant General  David "Dave" Stapleton DSM (26 September 1937 - 13 June 2016), was an Irish army general officer who served as Chief of Staff of the Irish Defence Forces and previously as Force Commander of UNDOF in the Golan Heights.

Irish Army
The Irish Army (Irish: an tArm) is the land component of the Defence Forces of Ireland. As well as maintaining its primary roles of defending the State and internal security within the State, since 1958 the Army has had a continuous presence in peacekeeping missions around the world. The Irish Army is organised into two brigades. The Air Corps and Naval Service support the Army in carrying out its roles.

The Army has an active establishment of 7,520, and a reserve establishment of 3,869. Like other components of the Defence Forces, the Irish Army has struggled to maintain strength and as of April 2023 had only 6,322 active personnel, and 1,382 reserve personnel. However, the Irish government introduced several measures in an attempt to improve recruitment and retention, and in 2024 inductions to the Defence Forces exceeded discharges.
Amir Avivi
Amir Avivi (Hebrew: אמיר אביבי; born 16 April 1969) is a retired Israeli brigadier general at Israeli Defense Forces. He served as a military lieutenant at the Defense Establishment Comptroller Unit, he was the commander of the Sagi Brigade and the chief of staff for Israeli general and politician Moshe Ya'alon.

In 2020, he founded the NPO "Habithonistim" (הביטחוניסטים) which consists of mainly high-ranking members of the Israeli security forces, and has been its leader ever since. Too, he is the chairman of the Israel Defense and Security Forum (IDSF).

In May 2023, Avivi's book No Retreat: How to Secure Israel for Generations to Come (לא נשוב אחור: כיצד נבטיח את ביטחון ישראל לדורות) was published.

Nonprofit organization laws by jurisdiction
Laws regulating nonprofit organizations, nonprofit corporations, non-governmental organizations, and voluntary associations vary in different jurisdictions. They all play a critical role in addressing social, economic, and environmental issues. These organizations operate under specific legal frameworks that are regulated by the respective jurisdictions in which they operate. Such law can facilitate the workings of nonprofit organizations, but they can also hamper their functioning.
Rhinoteratura
Rhinoteratura
is a genus of Asian bush crickets belonging to the tribe Meconematini in the new subtribe Meconematina.  The genus was erected by AV Gorochov in 1993 as a subgenus of Leptoteratura (Rhinoteratura); he uprated it to genus level in 2022.  Species are recorded from Japan, China (including Taiwan), Vietnam, and west Malesia (but this may be incomplete).

Tettigoniidae
Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America) or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, the Tettigoniidae are the only extant (living) family in the superfamily Tettigonioidea.

Many species are nocturnal in habit, having strident mating calls and may exhibit mimicry or camouflage, commonly with shapes and colours similar to leaves.
Akhty
Akhty (Russian: Ахты́; Lezgian: Ахцагь) is a rural locality (selo) and the administrative center of Akhtynsky District of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located in the south of the republic at the confluence of the Akhtychay and Samur Rivers, 254 kilometers (158 mi) from Makhachkala. Population:  13,405 (2010 census); 13,152 (2002 census); 7,356 (1989 Soviet census).

Samur (river)
The Samur (Azerbaijani: Самурчај, romanized: Samurçay; Lezgian: Самурвацl; Russian: Самур; Rutul: Самыр) is a river in Russia's Dagestan Republic, also partially flowing through
Azerbaijan and forming part of the Azerbaijan–Russia border.
Das Treibhaus
Das Treibhaus (English: The Hothouse) is a 1953 novel by the German author Wolfgang Koeppen. It is the second work in what has become known as the "Trilogy of Failure", a series of three novels examining postwar West German society. Set during the Cold War and the debate over West German rearmament, the novel takes place largely in Bonn, the capital of the Federal Republic of Germany.

First published in Germany in 1953, the novel was not translated into English until 2001, when Michael Hofmann's translation was published by W. W. Norton & Company. The English translation was named a Notable Book by The New York Times and one of the Best Books of the Year by the Los Angeles Times.

West German rearmament
West German rearmament (German: Wiederbewaffnung) began in the decades after World War II. Fears of another rise of German militarism caused the new military to operate within an alliance framework, under NATO command. The events led to the establishment of the Bundeswehr, the West German military, in 1955. The name Bundeswehr was a compromise choice suggested by former general Hasso von Manteuffel to distinguish the new forces from the Wehrmacht term for the combined German forces of Nazi Germany.
Dworszowice Kościelne
Dworszowice Kościelne [dvɔrʂɔˈvit͡sɛ kɔɕˈt͡ɕɛlnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Brzeźnica, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Nowa Brzeźnica, 12 km (7 mi) south-east of Pajęczno, and 82 km (51 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno County
Pajęczno County (Polish: powiat pajęczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pajęczno, which lies 78 kilometres (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Działoszyn, lying 10 km (6 mi) west of Pajęczno.

The county covers an area of 804.14 square kilometres (310.5 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 53,395, out of which the population of Pajęczno is 6,674, that of Działoszyn is 6,276, and the rural population is 40,445.
Stace
Stace is a surname and a given name, the latter sometimes as a diminutive of Stacy or Stacey.

Notable people with the name include:

Surname

Aileen Stace (1895–1977), New Zealand craftswoman

Arthur Stace (1884–1967), Australian religious graffiti artist

Clive A. Stace (born 1938), British botanist and botanical author

Helen McRae Stace (1850–1926), New Zealand school matron

Walter Terence Stace (1886–1967), British philosopher and civil servant

Wesley Stace (born 1965), British musician and novelist who uses the stage name John Wesley Harding

Given name

Stace England, American musician

Stace Victor Murray Clube (born 1934), English astrophysicist

Stace Nelson (born 1967), South Dakota politician

Walter Terence Stace
Walter Terence Stace (17 November 1886 – 2 August 1967) was a British civil servant, educator, public philosopher and epistemologist, who wrote on Hegel, mysticism, and moral relativism. He worked with the Ceylon Civil Service from 1910 to 1932, and from 1932 to 1955 he was employed by Princeton University in the Department of Philosophy. He is most renowned for his work in the philosophy of mysticism, and for books like Mysticism and Philosophy (1960) and Teachings of the Mystics (1960). These works have been influential in the study of mysticism, but they have also been severely criticised for their lack of methodological rigor and their perennialist pre-assumptions.
Pill-Soon Song
Pill-Soon Song is a professor in Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea. Song specializes in molecular photobiology. He worked on the structure-function relation of phytochromes and other photoreceptors including stentorin and blepharismin. Presently, his research revolves around the molecular mechanisms involved in overexpression of phytochrome and its related genes in turfgrass and other plant species.  Acknowledging his contributions to photobiology, he was elected as editor-in-chief for the American Society for Photobiology journal, Photochemistry and Photobiology (1975–1994) and received the Finsen Medal in 2009 awarded by the International Union of Photobiology.

Photoreceptor protein
Photoreceptor proteins are light-sensitive proteins involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms. Some examples are rhodopsin in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebrate retina, phytochrome in plants, and bacteriorhodopsin and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria. They mediate light responses as varied as visual perception, phototropism and phototaxis, as well as responses to light-dark cycles such as circadian rhythm and other photoperiodisms including control of flowering times in plants and mating seasons in animals.