hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chorro El Indio National Park
The Chorro El Indio National Park (Spanish: Parque nacional Chorro El Indio) is a national park of Venezuela located to the east of San Cristóbal, Táchira State, in the mountain range the Maravillaz. It has access by the highway San Cristóbal - Macanillo - Potosí.

The area includes the paramos of Guarín, El Pino, El Moradeño, El Moraleño, El Oso, Cerro La Maravilla and Cerro El Chimborazo, within which are the waterfalls Chorro El Indio and Chorro El Franklin, at the headwaters of the river Zúñiga. It reached the rank of National Park by decree dated December 7, 1989 by the then president of the republic Carlos Andrés Pérez.

It has an approximate area of 17,000 hectares, with a range between 1100 m and 2600 m, a temperature varying between 12 °C and 23 °C, with a warm mountain rainy climate, the average annual rainfall is 2000 mm.

Táchira
Táchira State (Spanish: Estado Táchira, IPA: [esˈtaðo ˈtatʃiɾa]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is San Cristóbal.

Táchira State covers a total surface area of 11,100 square kilometres (4,300 sq mi) and as of the 2011 census, had a population of 1,168,908. At the end of the 19th century, Táchira State was where oil was discovered in Venezuela. Currently, its main economic revenues come from the production of coffee and pineapple. The cattle and agricultural activities play an important role in Táchira's economy. There is also a strong industrial sector which focuses on the processing of potato, sugar, milk, and cheese and the production of textiles.

Táchira State is one of the three Venezuelan Andean states (the other two are Mérida and Trujillo). This state borders Zulia State to the north, Barinas and Mérida States to the east, Apure and Barinas States to the south, and Colombia (Norte de Santander Department) to the west.
Akari Ogata
Akari Ogata (緒方 亜香里, Ogata Akari; born 24 September 1990) is a Japanese judoka.

Ogata started taking part in karate at the age of 7 and she became national junior karate champion when she was 10, but at age 13, she quit karate and started to practice judo.

Ogata won a bronze medal in the half-heavyweight (78 kg) division at the 2010 World Judo Championships, and silver a year later.  She has also won silver at the 2010 Asian Games. Ogata had previously won the 2009 World Juniors Championships in that weight division.

Ogata's favorite techniques are uchimata, ōuchi gari and sankaku-jime.

She started her MMA career in 2022 with a fight in the Japanese MMA league Shooto, during which time she fought once and won by referee stoppage. After that she competed in a Shooto Colors grappling event and won by Kimura armlock. As of early 2024 she has been competing in ONE Championship. Her standing in ONE Championship is 1 win by via TKO.

Ogata works as a Judo therapist.

Triangle choke
A triangle choke (Japanese: 三角絞 sankaku-jime), is a type of figure-four chokehold that encircles the opponent's neck and one of their arms within the legs of the attacker. The configuration of the legs is similar to the shape of a triangle. Applying pressure using both legs and the opponent's own arm/shoulder, the technique is a type of lateral vascular restraint that constricts the blood flow from the carotid arteries to the brain, resulting in loss of consciousness in seconds when applied correctly. Recent studies have shown that the triangle choke takes an average of 9.5 seconds to render an opponent unconscious from the moment it is properly applied.
No Border network
The No Border Network (In the United Kingdom also called "No Borders Network" or "Noborders Network") refers to loose associations of autonomous organisations, groups, and individuals in Western Europe, Central Europe, Eastern Europe and beyond. They support freedom of movement and resist human migration control by coordinating international border camps, demonstrations, direct actions, and anti-deportation campaigns.

The Western European network opposes what it says are increasingly restrictive harmonisation of asylum and immigration policy in Europe, and aims to build alliances among migrant laborers and refugees. Common slogans used by the Network include; "No Border, No Nation, Stop Deportations!" and "No one is illegal."

No Border Network has existed since 1999, and its website since 2000. The No Borders Network in the United Kingdom claims to have local groups in 11 cities.

Migrant worker
A migrant worker is a person who migrates within a home country or outside it to pursue work. Migrant workers usually do not have an intention to stay permanently in the country or region in which they work.

Migrant workers who work outside their home country are also called foreign workers. They may also be called expatriates or guest workers, especially when they have been sent for or invited to work in the host country before leaving the home country.

The International Labour Organization estimated in 2019 that there were 169 million international migrants worldwide. Some countries have millions of migrant workers. Some migrant workers are illegal immigrants or slaves.
Meteora (horse)
Meteora (1802–1821) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won the classic Oaks Stakes at Epsom Downs Racecourse in 1805. In a racing career which began with her win in the Oaks on 31 May 1805 and lasted until July 1810 she ran thirty-six timeas and won twenty-four races. She defeated the Derby winner Cardinal Beaufort and the St Leger winner Staveley in match races and won many other important races of the era including the Stamford Gold Cup (three times), the Oatlands Stakes (twice), the Audley End Stakes, the Somerset Stakes and the Brighton Gold Cup. Many of her defeats occurred when she was carrying large weights in handicap races.

Epsom Oaks
The Oaks Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run at Epsom Downs over a distance of 1 mile, 4 furlongs and 6 yards (2,420 metres), about 1½ miles, and it is scheduled to take place each year in late May or early June. It is the second-oldest of the five Classic races, after the St Leger. Officially the Betfred Oaks, it is also popularly known as simply The Oaks. It has increasingly come to be referred to as the Epsom Oaks in both the UK and overseas countries, although 'Epsom' is not part of the official title of the race.

It is the third of Britain's five Classic races to be held during the season, and the second of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the middle leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, preceded by the 1000 Guineas and followed by the St Leger, although the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Escolà
Escolà is a Catalan surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Salvador Escolá Arimany (1854–1905), Spanish painter

Ramón Escolà (1907–), Spanish footballer

Cole Escola (1986–), American comedian, actor, singer, and playwright

Josep Escolà (1914–1998), Spanish footballer

Carlos Blanco Escolá (born 1933), Spanish writer, military historian, and retired cavalry colonel of the Spanish Army

Carles Escolà Sánchez (born 1978), Spanish politician

Josep Escolà
Josep Escolà Segalés (28 August 1914 – 7 March 1998), also referred to as José Escolà, was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward. He spent most of his club career at FC Barcelona. Escolà also played for both Spain and the Catalan XI. After retiring as player in 1948, Escolà managed  CF Badalona, CE Sabadell FC, CD Castellón and Levante UD.
Basil (name)
The name Basil (royal, kingly) comes from the male Greek name Vassilios (Greek: Βασίλειος, female version Bασιλεία), which first appeared during the Hellenistic period. It is derived from "basileus" (Greek: βασιλεύς), a Greek word of pre-Hellenic origin, meaning "king", from which words such as basilica and basilisk (via Latin) as well as the eponymous herb basil (via Old French) derive, and the name of the Italian region Basilicata, which had been long under the rule of the Byzantine Emperor (also called basileus).

Derived names in different languages include Barsegh in Armenian; Basile in French; Basilius in German; Basilio in Italian and Spanish; Basílio in Portuguese; Basileo in Galician; Vasyl in Ukraine; Vasile in Romanian; Vasil in Bulgarian; Vasilije in Serbian; Vasiliy in Russian; Bazil, Bazsó, Vászoly and Vazul in Hungarian.

Notable people with the name include:

Pre-Greek substrate
The pre-Greek substrate (or substratum) consists of the unknown pre-Greek language or languages (either Pre-Indo-European or other Indo-European languages) spoken in prehistoric Greece prior to the emergence of the Proto-Greek language in the region c. 3200–2200 BC, during the Early Helladic period. About 1,000 words of Greek vocabulary cannot be adequately explained as derivatives from Proto-Greek or Proto-Indo-European, leading to the substratum hypothesis. According to scholars, Ancient Greek was likely influenced by two types of substrates: one Indo-European, probably an unknown Anatolian language that has been called "Parnassian", and one or several non-Indo-European languages that pre-date the coming of Greeks to the region.
Betula buggsii
Betula buggsii is a species of broadleaved tree that grows in the Qinling–Daba Mountains in China. Its Chinese name is “秦巴桦” (qín bā huà). The species was discovered by Dr Nian Wang of Shandong Agricultural University in 2021, as he sampled Chinese birch trees for a population genetic analysis. Initially he considered the trees to be Betula utilis ssp. albosinensis but genetic analysis showed the trees to be very different, and in fact, less closely related to Betula utilis ssp. albosinensis than several other birch species. In addition, the trees were diploid, whereas B. utilis ssp. utilis and B. utilis ssp. albosinensis are tetraploid. Closer analysis of the morphology of the trees also showed important differences with Betula utilis ssp. albosinensis. Nian Wang therefore described a new species, naming it B. buggsii after his former PhD supervisor, Richard Buggs.

Daba Mountains
The Daba Mountains, also known by their Chinese name as the Dabashan, are a mountain range in Central China between the watersheds of the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers. Part of the larger Qinling mountain range, it cuts through four provinces: Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi, and Hubei. It spans about 1,000 kilometers (620 mi).
Mr. Something Something
Mr. Something Something was a Canadian Afrobeat collective, based in Toronto, Ontario. The band consists of five permanent members, including percussionist Larry Graves, tenor saxophonist John MacLean,  guitarist Paul MacDougall, bassist Liam Smith and lead singer Johan Hultqvist, as well as loosely affiliated musicians, including jazz musicians such as Kevin Turcotte, Richard Underhill and Brian O'Kane.  The band is known for their bicycle-powered outdoor concerts. Their songs often contained political content.

Afrobeat
Afrobeat (also known as Afrofunk) is a West African music genre, fusing influences from Nigerian (such as Yoruba) and Ghanaian (such as highlife) music with American funk, jazz, and soul influences. With a focus on chanted vocals, complex intersecting rhythms, and percussion, the style was pioneered in the 1960s by Nigerian multi-instrumentalist and bandleader Fela Kuti, who popularised it both within and outside Nigeria. At the height of his popularity, he was referred to as one of Africa's most "challenging and charismatic music performers."

Distinct from Afrobeat is Afrobeats, a combination of sounds originating in West Africa in the 21st century. This takes on diverse influences and is an eclectic combination of genres such as hip hop, house, jùjú, ndombolo, R&B, soca, and dancehall. The two genres, though often conflated, are not the same.
Carl Ed
Carl Frank Ludwig Ed (July 16, 1890 – October 10, 1959) was a comic strip artist best known as the creator of Harold Teen. His name is pronounced eed.

Born in Moline, Illinois, Ed graduated from Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois. He was 22 years old when he worked on the baseball strip Big Ben in 1912.

Returning to Rock Island, he signed on as a reporter with the Rock Island Argus, where he was soon promoted to sports editor and then became the newspaper's city editor, while also drawing another baseball strip, Luke McGlook, the Bush League Bearcat (a.k.a. Luke McGluke), distributed by the World Color Syndicate. He moved on to Chicago as a sports cartoonist on the Chicago American where he also drew the strip The Tener Alley Gang.

Rock Island, Illinois
Rock Island is a city in Rock Island County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 37,108 at the 2020 census. Located at the confluence of the Rock and Mississippi rivers, it is one of the Quad Cities along with neighboring Moline and East Moline in Illinois and the cities of Davenport and Bettendorf in Iowa. The Quad Cities metropolitan area had a population of 384,324 in 2020.

The city is home to Rock Island Arsenal, the largest government-owned weapons manufacturing arsenal in the United States, which employs 6,000 people. The original Rock Island, from which the city name is derived, is now called Arsenal Island.
Popovka, Belgorod Oblast
Popovka (Russian: Поповка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Popovskoye Rural Settlement, Korochansky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,300 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

Korochansky District
Korochansky District (Russian: Короча́нский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Korochansky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,464.1 square kilometers (565.3 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Korocha. As of the 2021 Census, the total population of the district was 35,883, with the population of Korocha accounting for 15.7% of that number.
Maharishi Panini Sanskrit Evam Vedic Vishwavidyalaya
Maharishi Panini Sanskrit Evam Vedic Vishwavidyalaya (MPSVV), formerly Maharshi Panini Sanskrit University or Maharishi Panini Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya, is a state university situated in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. It was established in 2008 by the Government of Madhya Pradesh. It was renamed to its current name in 2010.

State university (India)
In India, state universities are run and funded by the state government of each of the states of India.

Following the adoption of the Constitution of India in 1950, education became a state responsibility. Following a constitutional change in 1976, it became a joint responsibility of the states and the central government.

As of 23 August 2022, the UGC lists 456 state universities.
Henry J. Brownrigg
Henry Joseph Brownrigg (1874 – August 13, 1945) was a merchant and politician in Newfoundland. He represented St. John's West in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1919 to 1923 as a Liberal-Reform member.

He was born in St. John's and was educated at Saint Bonaventure's College. He operated a liquor store in St. John's beginning in the late 1890s. He was a member of St. John's municipal council from 1916 to 1919. Brownrigg was elected to the Newfoundland assembly in 1919 and served in the Newfoundland cabinet as Minister of Finance and Customs. He did not run for reelection in 1923. From 1925 to 1931, he served as Commissioner of Public Charities. In 1932, he opened an insurance agency in partnership with his son.

In 1963, Brownrigg Place in St. John's was named in his honour.

St. John's City Council
St. John's City Council is the governing body of the city of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador. Since 1888, St. John's city council has governed under the Colony of Newfoundland, the Dominion of Newfoundland and since 1949, Canada.

The city council currently comprises 11 members: the Mayor, the Deputy Mayor and nine councillors, five which represent wards throughout the city and four that are elected at large.
Mary E. Steele
Mary E. Steele (1880–1974) was a British artist, photographer, and collector of entomological and botanical specimens. Steele travelled and collected widely in Africa and Asia, and had a long standing connection with the Natural History Museum, London.

Great Parndon
Great Parndon is an area of Harlow in Essex, England. Until the mid-20th century, Great Parndon was a rural parish comprising a number of scattered hamlets. In 1947, the parish was included in the designated area for the new town of Harlow. The area has since then been substantially developed with western parts of the Harlow urban area. The parish was formally abolished in 1955 when its area was absorbed into Harlow's administrative area.
Storyman (album)
Storyman is an album by the bluegrass mandolin player Sam Bush released by Sugar Hill Records on June 24, 2016. The album release show was in Nashville, Tennessee at the City Winery on July 23, 2016.

"Carcinoma Blues" was written by Guy Clark and Sam Bush. "Hand Mics Killed Country Music" features Bush and Emmylou Harris. Bush and Harris co-wrote the song.
"Transcendental Meditation Blues" was co-written with long time collaborator Jeff Black.

Jeff Black (singer)
Jeff Black is an American singer-songwriter originally from Kansas City, Missouri, and now based in Nashville, Tennessee. His writings have been described in the Allmusic as "impressionistic songs that are smart without forgetting the emotional undercurrent."  His songs have been covered by Alison Krauss, Waylon Jennings, Sam Bush, Jerry Douglas and BlackHawk.  BlackHawk's cover of Black's song, "That's Just About Right," was a Top 10 Country single in 1996. BlackHawk's cover of Black's song, "King of the World" was a Top 30 Country single in 1998. Black also co-wrote the title track "Circles Around Me" with Sam Bush for his 2009 Grammy-nominated album Circles Around Me. Black has released 10 of his own self-produced albums and tours widely.  He is also recognized as a digital music pioneer by NPR for his podcast, Black Tuesdays.
Junction Group
The Junction Group is a site of earthworks located two miles southwest of Chillicothe, Ohio in the United States. The earthworks are associated with the Hopewell tradition. The site has been described as "unusual" by contemporary archaeologists. Excavations in the early 19th-century state that the site was not for fortification, but was used for religious purposes, including for burials.

The group of mounds and enclosures is located alongside Paint Creek. Today, most of the mounds and earthworks have been destroyed due to cultivation. Aerial photography has displayed cropmarks of the works. It has been noted that corn plants grow differently in the spots where the earthworks once stood.

Chillicothe, Ohio
Chillicothe (/ˌtʃɪlɪˈkɒθi/ CHIL-ih-KOTH-ee) is a city in Ross County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 22,059 at the 2020 census. Located along the Scioto River 45 miles (72 km) south of Columbus, Chillicothe was the first and third capital of Ohio. It is the only city in Ross County and the center of the Chillicothe micropolitan area, which is a part of the Columbus, Ohio Combined Statistical Area. Chillicothe is a designated Tree City USA by the National Arbor Day Foundation.
Wide Open Town
Wide Open Town is a 1941 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Harrison Jacobs and J. Benton Cheney. The film stars William Boyd, Russell Hayden, Andy Clyde, Evelyn Brent, Victor Jory, Morris Ankrum and Cara Williams. The film was released on August 8, 1941, by Paramount Pictures.

This film marked Bernice Kay's feature film debut. She appeared in later films as Cara Williams.

Lesley Selander
Lesley Selander (May 26, 1900 – December 5, 1979) was an American film director of Westerns and adventure movies. His career as director, spanning 127 feature films and dozens of TV episodes, lasted from 1936 to 1968. Before that, Selander was assistant director on films such as The Cat and the Fiddle (1934), A Night at the Opera (1935), and Fritz Lang's Fury (1936).

To this day Selander remains one of the most prolific directors of feature Westerns in cinema history, having taken the helm for 107 Westerns between his first directorial feature in 1936 and 1967.  In 1956 he was nominated for the Directors Guild of America award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Television, for his work directing a 1954 episode of Lassie.
Zainuddin Makhdoom II
Sheikh Ahmad Zainuddin bin Muhammad al-Ghazzali (Arabic: شيخ احمد زين الدين بن شيخ محمد غزالي; Ahmad Zayn al-Din ibn Muhammad al-Ghazāli al-Malibári), grandson of Sheikh Zainuddin Makhdoom I, was the writer, orator, historian, jurisprudent and spiritual leader and widely known as Zainuddin Makhdoom Second or Zaniudeen Makhdoom Al Sageer (زين الدين المخدوم الصغير) whose family originated from Tarim in Hadhramaut of Yemen. He inherited the legacy of his grandfather and was installed as the Chief Qadi (judge) in the locality of Ponnani, Kerala, India, as well as appointed as the Chief Müderris (head teacher) in the historic Ponnani Dars at Ponnani Jum'ah Masjid, that built by Zainuddin Makhdoom I.

Tarim, Yemen
Tarim (Arabic: تَرِيْم, romanized: Tarīm) is a historic town situated in Hadhramaut, Yemen. It is widely acknowledged as the theological, juridical, and academic center of Wadi Hadhramaut. An important center of Islamic learning, it is estimated to contain the highest concentration of descendants of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad known as the Sayyids anywhere in the world. The city is distinguished for producing numerous Islamic scholars, including Imam al-Haddad. Additionally, Tarim is also home to Dar al-Mustafa, a well-known educational institution for the study of traditional Islamic Sciences.
2023 Egyptian presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Egypt in December 2023, as announced by the National Election Authority, after speculation that the elections might be held earlier than expected. Candidate registration was from 5–14 October 2023 and the election was held in Egypt from 10 to 12 December; expatriates voted from 1–3 December.

Incumbent president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, who initially came to power in the aftermath of the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, was eligible for re-election since term limits were adjusted from four to six years by a constitutional amendment in 2019, and he technically will not have served as president for more than the maximum of 12 years at the time of the election. His rule has been described as authoritarian. On 18 December he was reported to have won with 90% of the vote with a 67% turnout. El-Sisi was inaugurated for another term on 2 April 2024, with his victory attributed to him facing no serious challengers.

2019 Egyptian constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Egypt between 20 and 22 April 2019, The main proposed amendments were re-establishing the presidential term to six years, from four previously, and lengthening the then president's current term and allowing him to stand for an additional term in office, thereby allowing President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi to potentially remain in power until 2030. The changes were approved by 88.83% of voters who voted, with a 44% turnout.
Lobothallia alphoplaca
Lobothallia alphoplaca, the variable sunken disk lichen, is a creamy gray to brown,: 307  placodioid areolate lichen that grows on rock in on rock and sometimes moss. It prefers growing on siliceous rocks. It is found in Europe, central Asia, and North America, where it grows in the southwestern deserts to central California. The center has numerous crowded and deformed apothecia with rims of thallus-like tissue (lecanorine). With dark reddish or grayish brown to black discs. Lichen spot tests on the thallus and apothecia are C−, and KC−, with tests on the cortex K+ red, P+ orange, or K−, P− and on the medulla K+ red, and P+ orange. It produces norstictic acid, constictic acid, or salazinic acid as secondary metabolites.

Salazinic acid
Salazinic acid is a depsidone with a lactone ring. It is found in some lichens, and is especially prevalent in Parmotrema and Bulbothrix, where its presence or absence is often used to help classify species in those genera.