hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William A. Little (Nebraska judge)
William A. Little (c. 1832 – May 20, 1867) was elected as Chief Justice of the Nebraska Supreme Court in 1867 but died before he qualified.
After reading law with Judge Parks of Aurora, Illinois, Little moved to Omaha, Nebraska, in 1856 and entered the practice of law there, in which he "soon rose to the highest eminence in the profession", remaining so for ten years. He served in the Nebraska Legislature for several years, and in 1866 defeated Oliver P. Mason to be elected chief justice of the state supreme court, the only Democrat to win in that election. However, he became ill, apparently with tuberculosis, and returned to Illinois "to die among his kindred". His seat on the supreme court was then filled by the appointment of Mason.

Little died in Clinton, Illinois, at the home of his brother, at around the age of 35.

Clinton, Illinois
Clinton is the largest city in and the county seat of DeWitt County, Illinois, United States. The population was 6,898 at the 2023 census.

The city and the county are named for DeWitt Clinton, governor of New York, 1817–1823. Clinton Nuclear Generating Station is located six miles away on Clinton Lake.
Medieval Serbian nobility
In the medieval Serbian states, the privileged class consisted of nobility and clergy, distinguished from commoners, part of the feudal society. The Serbian nobility (srpska vlastela, srpsko vlastelinstvo or srpsko plemstvo) were roughly grouped into magnates (velikaši or velmože), the upper stratum, and the lesser nobility (vlasteličići). Serbia followed the government model established by the Byzantine Empire.

The nobility possessed hereditary allodial estates, which were worked by dependent sebri, the equivalent of Byzantine paroikoi; peasants owing labour services, formally bound by decree. The nobility was obliged to serve the monarch in war.

Paroikoi
Paroikoi (plural of Greek πάροικος, paroikos, the etymological origin of parish and parochial) is the term that replaced "metic" in the Hellenistic and Roman period to designate foreign residents.

In the Byzantine Empire, paroikoi were non-proprietary peasants, hereditary holders of their land, irremovable as long as they paid their rent. They appeared in the Justinian code, which prohibited this status; so it remained provisionally clandestine.

Paroikoi are comparable to the western concept of serfs and appear to be widespread by the 13th century.
Effectual calling
Effectual calling (or effective calling), in Calvinist Christian soteriology, is a stage in the ordo salutis in which God calls a person to himself. It is connected with, but different from external calling, in which a person hears the gospel message.

Wayne Grudem suggests that it is a summons from the King of the universe that has "such power that it brings about the response that it asks for in people's hearts." Grudem appeals to the story of Lydia: according to Acts 16:14, "The Lord opened her heart to respond to Paul’s message" (NIV).

Soteriology
Soteriology (/soʊˌtɪriˈɒlədʒi/; Ancient Greek: σωτηρία sōtēría "salvation" from σωτήρ sōtḗr "savior, preserver" and λόγος lógos "study" or "word") is the study of religious doctrines of salvation. Salvation theory occupies a place of special significance in many religions. In the academic field of religious studies, soteriology is understood by scholars as representing a key theme in a number of different religions and is often studied in a comparative context; that is, comparing various ideas about what salvation is and how it is obtained.
Dilana Dilixiati
Dilana Dilixiati (uigur: دىلانا دىلشات; Chinese: 迪拉娜·迪里夏提; pinyin: Dílānà Dílǐxiàtí, born 7 January 1997) is a Chinese basketball player for the Guangdong Vermilion Birds of the Women's Chinese Basketball Association (WCBA) and the Chinese national team.

She played 3 on 3 basketball when young, and in 2014 was the flagbearer of the Chinese team in the Youth Olympic Games.

She also won a silver medal at the 2022 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup.

Women's Chinese Basketball Association
The Women's Chinese Basketball Association (simplified Chinese: 中国女子篮球联赛; traditional Chinese: 中國女子籃球聯賽; pinyin: Zhōngguó nǚzǐ lánqiú liánsài), often abbreviated as the WCBA, is the first-tier professional women's basketball league in China. It was established in 2002 as the women's counterpart to the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA).
Jean Louvet (playwright)
Jean Louvet (28 September 1934 – 29 August 2015) was a Belgian playwright.

He was born in Moustier-sur-Sambre, the son of a miner, and lived a working-class childhood. Three years in the army paid for his studies in Romance philology, and he spent time in academia, but turned to the theater to give expression to his left-wing politics and founded a "proletarian theater". His work is influenced by Sartre and Brecht, by his Walloon roots and one of the most important event of the present-day Wallonia, the 1960–1961 Winter General Strike.

For some years, political considerations kept his work out of Wallonia and he is better known in France. However, he was awarded the "Bologne-Lemaire Walloon of the Year" prize in 2002.

'Jean Louvet defends Walloon culture and identity while believing in a certain utopist utopia'.

Walloons
Walloons (/wɒˈluːnz/ WOL-oonz; French: Wallons [walɔ̃] ⓘ; Walloon: Walons; Dutch: Walen) are a Gallo-Romance ethnic group native to Wallonia, Belgium. Walloons primarily speak langues d'oïl such as Belgian French, Picard and Walloon. Walloons are primarily Roman Catholic, with a historical minority of Protestantism which dates back to the Reformation era.

In modern Belgium, Walloons are, by law, termed a "distinctive linguistic and ethnic community" within the country, as are the neighbouring Flemish, a Dutch (Germanic) speaking community.

When understood as a regional identification, the ethnonym is also extended to refer to the inhabitants of the Walloon region in general, regardless of ethnicity or ancestry.
Lake Rotorua (Canterbury)
Lake Rotorua is 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) due west of Kaikōura in the Canterbury region of the South Island of New Zealand.

A 2010 report showed that Lake Rotorua had the second highest trophic level index, an indication of pollutant levels, of all the lakes that were measured. Topdressing, shags and willow trees contributed to the high levels of pollution. 29 species of green algae were identified. The lake was fenced to keep cattle away from it and there were conflicting reports on pollution levels in 2022.  A wildlife reserve surrounds the lake, with birds including riroriro, toutouwai, pīpipi, pīwakawaka, korimako, tītitipounamu, kāruhiruhi, kuruwhengi, tētē, pūtangitangi, pūteketeke, mallard and Canada geese.

The lake was formed by greywacke shingle in the Kahutara River building up to block the mouth of a former tributary.

Grey warbler
The grey warbler (Gerygone igata), also known by its Māori name riroriro or outside New Zealand as the grey gerygone, is an insectivorous bird in the family Acanthizidae endemic to New Zealand. It is sometimes known as the rainbird. Its natural habitat is forests, but also tends to occupy lower vegetation habitats. These insectivorous birds feed on insects living in shrubs, and often feed on the wing. They  are found throughout New Zealand, as well as offshore islands where shrub exists. They also flourish in suburban areas where there is vegetation present.
2019 World Taekwondo Championships – Men's heavyweight
The men's heavyweight is a competition featured at the 2019 World Taekwondo Championships, and was held at the Manchester Arena in Manchester, United Kingdom on 19 May. Heavyweights were limited to a minimum of 87 kilograms in body mass.

Manchester Arena
Manchester Arena (currently known as AO Arena for sponsorship reasons) is an indoor arena in Manchester, England, immediately north of the city centre and partly above Manchester Victoria railway station in air rights space. With a capacity of 21,000 it is the second largest indoor arena in the UK after Co-op Live and fifth largest in Europe.

The arena is one of the world's busiest indoor arenas, hosting music and sporting events such as boxing and swimming. The arena was a key part of Manchester's bids to host the Olympic Games in 1996 and 2000 and was eventually used for the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

On 22 May 2017, the arena's foyer was the scene of a terrorist attack carried out by a suicide bomber, in which 22 people were killed and over 500 others injured following an Ariana Grande concert.
Baughman Creek (Oregon)
Baughman Creek is a small stream located in Tillamook County, Oregon. The stream originates from two sources east of Oceanside and exits into the Pacific Ocean at Oceanside Beach State Recreation Site.

Oceanside, Oregon
Oceanside is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Tillamook County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2020 census, Oceanside had a population of 366. Oregon Route 131's northern terminus is in the community, which is just north of Netarts. Symons State Park is in Oceanside, while Three Arch Rocks National Wildlife Refuge lies just offshore.
Rellim Farm
The Rellim Farm near Kearneysville, West Virginia is a 50-acre (20 ha) farm and orchard complex which was once part of the nearby Traveller's Rest property.  The upper Shenandoah Valley region supports a significant fruit industry, and Rellim Farm is a representative example of this form of agriculture, the oldest family-owned operation in Jefferson County.  Beginning in the 1930s, Paul Miller Sr. began to work with the nearby West Virginia University Experimental Farm in the development of spray technology, which was applied throughout the industry.

"Rellim" is derived from "Miller" spelled backwards.

Jefferson County, West Virginia
Jefferson County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. It is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the eastern panhandle of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 57,701. Its county seat is Charles Town. The county was founded in 1801, and today is part of the Washington metropolitan area.
RAF Folkingham
Royal Air Force Folkingham or RAF Folkingham is a former Royal Air Force station located south west of Folkingham, Lincolnshire and about 29 miles (47 km) due south of county town Lincoln.

Opened in 1940, it was used by both the Royal Air Force and United States Army Air Forces.  During the war, it was used primarily as a troop carrier airfield for airborne units and as a subsidiary training depot of the newly formed Royal Air Force Regiment.  After the war, it was placed on care and maintenance during 1947 when the RAF Regiment relocated to RAF Catterick.

During the late 1950s and early 1960s, the RAF Bomber Command used Folkingham as a PGM-17 Thor Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM) base.

Today the remains of the airfield are located on private property being used as agricultural fields, with the main north–south runway acting as hardstanding for hundreds of scrapped vehicles.

RAF Regiment
The Royal Air Force Regiment (RAF Regiment) is part of the Royal Air Force and functions as a specialist corps. Founded by Royal Warrant in 1942, the Corps carries out security tasks relating to the protection of assets and personnel dedicated to the delivery of air power.

RAF Regiment 'Gunners' are personnel trained in various disciplines such as infantry tactics, force protection, field craft, sniper, support to special forces operations, CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear) defence, equipped with advanced vehicles and detection measures. RAF Regiment instructors are responsible for training all Royal Air Force personnel in basic force protection such as first aid, weapon handling and CBRN skills.

The regiment and its members are known within the RAF as "The Regiment", "Rock Apes" or "Rocks".
Cambodia House
Cambodia House (French: Maison du Cambodge) is a student housing and cultural center located in the Cité internationale universitaire de Paris, in the 14th arrondissement. The center was built by French architect Alfred Audoul in the neoclassical style; it is ornamented with Khmer decorative elements. The Cambodia House was inaugurated in 1957, four years after Cambodia's independence.

In the 1970s, the center was the scene of tensions and clashes in the aftermath of the 1970 Cambodian coup d'état, and the establishment of the Khmer Republic. The Cambodia House was shut down for 30 years following the death of one of its residents in 1973. After major work carried out in the early 2000s, it has reopened for new students in 2004.

1970 Cambodian coup d'état
The 1970 Cambodian coup d'état (Khmer: រដ្ឋប្រហារឆ្នាំ១៩៧០, French: Coup d'État de 1970) was the removal of the Cambodian Chief of State, Prince Norodom Sihanouk, after a vote in the National Assembly on 18 March 1970. Emergency powers were subsequently invoked by the Prime Minister Lon Nol, who became effective head of state, and led ultimately to the removal of Queen Sisowath Kossamak and the proclamation of the Khmer Republic later that year.  It is generally seen as a turning point in the Cambodian Civil War. No longer a monarchy, Cambodia was semi-officially called "État du Cambodge" (State of Cambodia) in the intervening six months after the coup, until the republic was proclaimed.

It also marked the change of Cambodia involvement in the Vietnam War, as Lon Nol issued an ultimatum to North Vietnamese forces to leave Cambodia.
Alexander Martynov (coach)
Alexander Bronislavovich Martynov (Russian: Александр Брониславович Мартынов;born March 28, 1974, Moscow) is a Russian swimming coach, Honored Coach of Russia. He has been a coach for the Russian national team since 2009.

Valentina Artemyeva
Valentina Artemyeva is a Russian breaststroke swimmer. She is the former European champion in the 50m and 100m breaststroke (both short course). She is the world record holder (see World Finswimming Records) and a former World Champion in the 200m surface finswimming event, as well as a bronze medallist in the 100m Surface event.
Thocnia
Thocnia or Thoknia (Ancient Greek: Θωκνία), or Thocneia or Thokneia (Θώκνεια), was a town of ancient Arcadia in the district Parrhasia, situated upon a height on the river Aminius, which flows into the Helisson (the present Elissonas), a tributary of the Alpheius. The town was said to have been founded by Thocnus, a son of Lycaon, and was deserted in the time of Pausanias (2nd century), as its inhabitants had been removed to Megalopolis.

Its site is located near modern Thoknia, formerly called Bromosellas, and renamed to reflect the association with the ancient town.

Elissonas (Arcadia)
Elissonas (Greek Ελλισών ή Ελισσώνας) is a river in Greece, in the central part of the Peloponnese peninsula, in Arcadia, the right tributary of the Alfeios. It takes its source on the western slopes of the Menalon Mountains, northwest of Tripolis. It flows into Alfeios near the city of Megalopolis. Known in antiquity as Helisson. Pausanias reports that the river takes its source from the city of the same name (near the modern village of Alonistena), founded by Helisson, the son of Lycaon (king of Arcadia). From the son of Lycaon, the city and the river were named. Divided the ancient Megalopolis into two parts. Forms the gorge of Barmbutsana, also known by this name. Above the gorge between the villages of Arakhamites and Vangos there is a stone bridge of the 19th century.
Quietism (philosophy)
Quietism in philosophy sees the role of philosophy as broadly therapeutic or remedial. Quietist philosophers believe that philosophy has no positive thesis to contribute; rather, it defuses confusions in the linguistic and conceptual frameworks of other subjects, including non-quietist philosophy. For quietists, advancing knowledge or settling debates (particularly those between realists and non-realists) is not the job of philosophy, rather philosophy should liberate the mind by diagnosing confusing concepts.

Sextus Empiricus
Sextus Empiricus (Ancient Greek: Σέξτος Ἐμπειρικός, Sextos Empeirikos; fl. mid-late 2nd century CE) was a Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher and Empiric school physician with Roman citizenship. His philosophical works are the most complete surviving account of ancient Greek and Roman Pyrrhonism, and because of the arguments they contain against the other Hellenistic philosophies, they are also a major source of information about those philosophies.
Periyathirukonam
Periyathirukonam is a village on the banks of the maruthai aaru in the Ariyalur taluk of Ariyalur district, Tamil Nadu, India.
The village is known for its temples dedicated to deities such as Iyanar, Adaikka Karuppu, Nondi Karuppu, Malayala Karuppu. A temple built in 765 AD is located on the southwestern corner of the village. It is located 20 km from the district headquarters of Ariyalur.

Karuppuswamy
Karuppuswamy or Karupparayan (Tamil: கருப்பசாமி, Malayalam: കറുപ്പണ്ണസാമി; romanization: Karuppusāmi, Bhojpuri,Awadhi: संगानी बाबा, lit. 'Black God'  or 'Black'), is a guardian deity (kaval daivam) in the Dravidian folk religion, especially among rural and agrarian communities in Tamil Nadu and parts of Sri Lanka. He is revered as a fierce protector, upholder of justice, and divine enforcer of dharma (righteousness).

Among Indians, Karuppuswamy is represented as a village deity (gramadevata) as well as in an ancestral deity (kuladevata) practices. Adherents, especially in Tamil Nadu and the border regions of Kerala, believe that the deity was once a historical figure who fought for the protection of his community and, over time, became deified.

Among Indo-Caribbean communities, Karuppasamy is called Sanganie Baba. In the Indo-Caribbean communities of Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Guadeloupe, and Martinique, Sanganie Baba is worshipped as a powerful deity
Norwegian Getaway
Norwegian Getaway is a cruise ship of the Norwegian Cruise Line. She was built by Meyer Werft in Papenburg, Germany, and was delivered to her owner on 10 January 2014. At the time of her christening she was the world's ninth-largest cruise ship with a passenger capacity of 3,969 and a crew of 1,640.

Amenities on board the ship include restaurants by chef Geoffrey Zakarian, an entertainment venue devoted to magic called the "Illusionarium", and another entertainment venue themed in conjunction with the Grammy Awards. The ship is based in Miami and mostly sails seven-night Eastern Caribbean cruises. She was christened in Miami on 7 February 2014, with the Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders serving as godmothers. The ship departed on her maiden voyage the next day.

Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders
The Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders is the professional cheerleading squad of the Miami Dolphins of the National Football League. The squad performs in front of more than 65,000 fans each game day at Hard Rock Stadium. squad hosts auditions every May. Like most other teams in the league, the MDC also has a youth cheer squad and help mentor young girls in the Miami area. The squad also makes USO trips. Every year, the MDC sends a cheerleader to the Pro Bowl.
Gastambide-Mengin monoplane
The Gastambide-Mengin monoplane (later Gastambide-Mengin I, Gastambide-Mengin II and Antoinette II) was an early French experimental aircraft designed by Léon Levavasseur, and was the first aircraft built by the Antoinette company. The name came from Jules Gastambide, who financed the company, and Gabriel Mengin, the aircraft engineer.

Experimental aircraft
An Experimental aircraft is an aircraft intended for testing new aerospace technologies and design concepts.

The term research aircraft or testbed aircraft, by contrast, generally denotes aircraft modified to perform scientific studies, such as weather research or geophysical surveying, similar to a research vessel.

The term "experimental aircraft" also has specific legal meaning in Australia, the United States and some other countries; usually used to refer to aircraft flown with an experimental certificate. In the United States, this also includes most homebuilt aircraft, many of which are based on conventional designs and hence are experimental only in name because of certain restrictions in operation.
Tarchi
Tarchi is an Italian surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Angelo Tarchi (composer) (c. 1760–1814), Italian composer

Angelo Tarchi (politician) (1897–1974), Italian politician

Marco Tarchi (born 1952), Italian political scientist

Angelo Tarchi (composer)
Angelo Tarchi (c. 1760 – 19 August 1814) was an Italian composer of numerous operas as well as sacred music. Between 1778 and 1787, he worked primarily in Italy, producing five or six new operas each year.

Tarchi was born in Naples.  In December 1787 he was appointed music director and composer at London's King's Theatre, a position he held until June 1789. Tarchi returned to Italy in 1791 and remained there until 1798 when he went to Paris. He composed several works in the opéra comique genre which achieved only moderate success. When he gave up composing, he became fashionable singing teacher in Paris, where he died in 1814.
Moon of Israel (novel)
Moon of Israel is a novel by English writer H. Rider Haggard, first published in 1918 by John Murray. Moon of Israel is a historical novel with fantasy elements.  The novel narrates the events of the Biblical Exodus from Egypt told from the perspective of a scribe named Ana. Moon of Israel is set during the reign of the Pharaoh Amenmeses, identified in the novel as the Pharaoh of the Exodus.

Haggard dedicated his novel to Sir Gaston Maspero, a distinguished Egyptologist and director of Cairo Museum.

Egyptian Museum
The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, commonly known as the Egyptian Museum (Egyptian Arabic: المتحف المصرى, romanized: al-Matḥaf al-Miṣrī, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [elˈmætħæf elˈmɑsˤɾi]) and also called the Cairo Museum or the Egyptian Museum in Cairo (EMC), is a national history museum in Cairo, Egypt.

An Egyptological museum, it houses the largest collection of Egyptian antiquities in the world, including over 170,000 items. The Egyptian Museum occupies a building constructed in 1901 on Tahrir Square in Cairo, Egypt, and is one of the largest museums in Africa as well as the first national museum of the Middle East.
HMS Marshal Ney
HMS Marshal Ney was the lead ship of her class of two monitors built for the Royal Navy during the First World War. Laid down as M13, she was renamed after the French field marshal of the Napoleonic Wars Michel Ney. After service in the First World War, she became a depot ship and then an accommodation ship. Between 1922 and 1947, she was renamed three times, becoming successively Vivid, Drake and Alaunia II. She was scrapped in 1957.

Royal Navy during the First World War
The Royal Navy during the First World War entered the conflict as the world's most powerful fleet, maintaining British naval supremacy since the victory at Trafalgar in 1805. However, the war brought unprecedented challenges and setbacks for the Royal Navy. At the pivotal Battle of Jutland in 1916, the Navy suffered its first major fleet defeat since Trafalgar, shaking confidence in its unassailable dominance. The Royal Navy also faced serious difficulties countering the German U-boat threat, leading to heavy shipping losses and a critical failure to provide adequate convoys and escorts in the war’s early years. Strategic ambitions were further frustrated by the unsuccessful Dardanelles Campaign of 1915, an attempt to force open a sea route to Russia which ended in failure and heavy losses. Meanwhile, the conflict saw the advent of the airplane in naval warfare, introducing new reconnaissance and combat roles that began to reshape naval strategy and operations.