hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Santahar
Santahar (Bengali: সান্তাহার) is a town located in Adamdighi Upazila, in Bogura District, in Rajshahi Division, in Bangladesh. Santahar is mostly known for its agricultural activities and for being a transit hub. The town provides educational institutions, religious institutions, healthcare facilities, markets and shops, and other essential services for its citizens. Santahar has both urban and rural citizens. The landscape of Santahar includes rivers and agricultural fields that make up the town and its surroundings.

Bogra District
Bogra District, officially Bogura District (Bengali: বগুড়া জেলা), is a district in the northern part of Bangladesh, in Rajshahi Division. Bogra is an industrial city where many small and mid-sized companies are sited. Bogra was a part of the  Pundravardhana territory of ancient Bengal and the ruins of its capital can be found in northern Bogra. Bogra is named after the independent sultan of Bengal Nasiruddin Bughra Khan (1287–1291).
Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement
Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement (Russian: Чувашско-Сорминское се́льское поселе́ние; Chuvash: Чӑваш Сурӑм ял тӑрӑхӗ, Chăvash Surăm yal tărăkhĕ) is an administrative and municipal division (a rural settlement) of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. It is located in the eastern part of the district. Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Chuvashskaya Sorma. Rural settlement's population: 1,758 (2006 est.).

Chuvashsko-Sorminskoye Rural Settlement comprises sixteen rural localities.

The Cheboksary–Yadrin highway crosses the territory of the rural settlement.

Yadrin
Yadrin (Russian: Я́дрин; Chuvash: Етӗрне, Yetĕrne) is a town and the administrative center of Yadrinsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia. Yadrin is located on the left bank of the Sura River, 86 kilometers (53 mi) southwest of Cheboksary, the capital of the republic. Population:  9,614 (2010 Census); 10,573 (2002 Census); 10,149 (1989 Soviet census).
Ganges shark
The Ganges shark (Glyphis gangeticus) is a critically endangered species of requiem shark found in the Ganges River (Padma River) and the Brahmaputra River of India and Bangladesh. It is often confused with the more common bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas), which also inhabits the Ganges River and is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Ganges shark. The genus is currently considered to contain three recent species; genetic evidence has shown that both the Borneo river shark (G. fowlerae) and Irrawaddy river shark (G. siamensis) should be regarded as synonyms of the Ganges shark, expanding the range of the species to Pakistan, Myanmar, Borneo, and Java. The species remains poorly known and is very rare.

Leonard Compagno
Leonard Joseph Victor Compagno (4 December 1943 in San Francisco - 25 September 2024) was an international authority on shark taxonomy and the author of many scientific papers and books on the subject, best known of which is his 1984 catalogue of shark species produced for the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Compagno was mentioned in the credits of the 1975 film Jaws along with the National Geographic Society.
Moroccan-occupied Western Sahara
25°N 13°W﻿ / ﻿25°N 13°W﻿ / 25; -13

About two-thirds of Western Sahara, a UN-designated non-self-governing territory in the Maghreb, has been occupied by Morocco since 1975 amid the Western Sahara War. It was illegally annexed by Morocco in two stages in 1976 and 1979. The occupied territories are administered as integral parts of Morocco, and state-sponsored settlement programs exist to relocate Moroccans to Western Sahara.

The Moroccan government uses the terminology southern provinces or Moroccan Sahara to refer to the occupied territory. These designations specifically encompass the entirety of Western Sahara, spanning three of Morocco's 12 top-level administrative regions. Such terminology is often used in Moroccan mass media and state media, while the nomenclature associated with the Polisario Front and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is censored and sometimes penalized.

United Nations list of non-self-governing territories
Chapter XI of the United Nations Charter defines a non-self-governing territory (NSGT) as a territory "whose people have not yet attained a full measure of self-government". Chapter XI of the UN Charter also includes a "Declaration on Non-Self-Governing Territories" that the interests of the occupants of dependent territories are paramount and requires member states of the United Nations in control of such territories to submit annual information reports concerning the development of those territories. Since 1946, the UNGA has maintained a list of non-self governing territories under member states' control. Since its inception, dozens of territories have been removed from the list, typically when they attained independence or internal self-government, while other territories have been added as new administering powers joined the United Nations or the UN General Assembly (UNGA) reassessed their status.

Since 1961 the list has been maintained by the Special Committee on Decolonization.
The New Space Opera
The New Space Opera is a science fiction anthology edited by Gardner Dozois and Jonathan Strahan. It was published in 2007, and includes all original stories selected to represent the genre of space opera. It includes a five-page introduction, plus a brief introduction to each of the stories, and a dedication to Jack Dann. The front and back covers include endorsements by Orson Scott Card, Charles Stross, Joe Haldeman, Vernor Vinge, and Greg Bear. Ten out of the eighteen stories in the book were selected for the Locus recommended reading list for 2007. The book won the Locus Award for Best Anthology in 2008.

The anthology was followed with The New Space Opera 2 in 2009.

Vernor Vinge
Vernor Steffen Vinge (/ˈvɜːrnər ˈvɪndʒiː/ ⓘ; October 2, 1944 – March 20, 2024) was an American science fiction author and professor. He taught mathematics and computer science at San Diego State University. He was the first wide-scale popularizer of the technological singularity concept and among the first authors to present a fictional "cyberspace". He won the Hugo Award for his novels A Fire Upon the Deep (1992), A Deepness in the Sky (1999), and Rainbows End (2006), and novellas Fast Times at Fairmont High (2001) and The Cookie Monster (2004).
Hebetancylus excentricus
Hebetancylus excentricus, the excentric ancylid, is a species of small, freshwater, air-breathing limpet, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails and their allies.

Voltinism
Voltinism is a term used in biology to indicate the number of broods or generations that an organism has each year. The term is most often applied to insects, and is particularly in use in sericulture, in which silkworm varieties vary in their voltinism.

The following adjectives describe organisms:

Univoltine (monovoltine) – having one brood or generation per year

Bivoltine (divoltine) – having two broods or generations per year

Trivoltine – having three broods or generations per year

Multivoltine (polyvoltine) – having more than two broods or generations per year

Semivoltine – with two meanings:

being less than univoltine; having a brood or generation less often than once per year
having a generation time that lasts more than one year.
Laeken
Laeken (French, pronounced [lakœn] ⓘ) or Laken (Dutch, pronounced [ˈlaːkə(n)] ⓘ) is a residential suburb in the north-western part of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. It belongs to the municipality of the City of Brussels and is mostly identified by the Belgian postal code: 1020. Prior to 1921, it was a separate municipality.

Port of Brussels
The Port of Brussels (French: Port de Bruxelles; Dutch: Haven van Brussel) is an inland port at a distance of 120 kilometres (75 mi) from the sea. It is accessible for ships up to 4,500 tonnes and push towing convoys up to 9,000 tonnes. Via the Brussels–Scheldt Maritime Canal even sea-going vessels (fluviomaritime and coasters) can reach the outer port, and through the Brussels–Charleroi Canal the transit to Wallonia is assured. The port is located in the City of Brussels in the Brussels-Capital Region.

On the limited surface area (64 ha) there are approximately 300 companies, which account for about 13,000 jobs.
Jay Hughes (American football)
Jay Khalil Hughes (born November 21, 1991) is an American former football safety.

Hughes played college football for Mississippi State. He injured his Achilles tendon in the first game of the 2013 season and missed the rest of the year, but returned in 2014 to play in all 13 games and serve as a team captain.

Mississippi State Bulldogs football
The Mississippi State Bulldogs football program represents Mississippi State University in the sport of American football. The Bulldogs compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as well as the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They also have won one SEC championship in 1941 and a division championship in 1998. The Bulldogs have 27 postseason bowl appearances. The program has produced 38 All-Americans (three consensus), 171 All-SEC selections, and 124 NFL players (11 first-round draft picks). The Bulldogs’ home stadium, Davis Wade Stadium at Scott Field, is the second oldest in the NCAA Division I FBS.
Hemlata Talesra
Hemlata Talesra (born 1 July 1944) is an Indian educationalist. She is a writer and academic researcher holding administrative positions in multiple institutions.

She is a Commonwealth Council for Educational Administration and Management fellow, board member, Indian representative, chairman at Rajasthan Council of Educational Administration and Management, board member of World Constitution and Parliament Association, Director at Smt. K. B. Dave College of Education, Pilvai, Gujarat, former Reader in Education at Center of Advanced Studies in Education, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujarat, former Director-Research, Professor & Head department of education, Jain Vishva Bharati Institute, Ladnun, Rajasthan, and former Professor Vidya Bhawan G.S. Teachers College, Udaipur, Rajasthan.

World Constitution and Parliament Association
The World Constitution and Parliament Association (WCPA), formally known as the World Committee for a World Constitutional Convention (WCWCC), is an international committee established as an international non-governmental organization (INGO) dedicated to the establishment of world peace through a democratic federal world government. WCPA is responsible for advancing the work of the Provisional World Government and its institutions established under the Constitution for the Federation of Earth (CFoE).
1993 Roller Hockey World Cup
The 1993 Roller Hockey World Cup was the thirty-first roller hockey world cup, organized by the Fédération Internationale de Roller Sports. It was contested by 12 national teams (8 from Europe, 2 from South America, 1 from North America and 1 from Africa). The tournament was played in the cities of Bassano del Grappa and Sesto San Giovanni, in Italy. This edition marks the debut of Andorra national hockey team.

Bassano del Grappa
Bassano del Grappa (Venetian: Basan or Bassan, pronounced [baˈsaŋ]) is a city and comune, in the Vicenza province, in the region of Veneto, in northern Italy. It bounds the communes of Cassola, Marostica, Solagna, Pove del Grappa, Romano d'Ezzelino, Valbrenta, Lusiana Conco, Rosà, Cartigliano and Nove. Some neighbourhoods of these communes have become in practice a part of the urban area of Bassano, so that the population of the whole conurbation totals around 70,000 people.

The 16th-century painter Jacopo Bassano was born, worked, and died in Bassano, and took the town name as his own surname.
Samyukta Karnataka
Samyukta Karnataka is a major Kannada newspaper which has its headquarters in Hubballi, Karnataka. It is also published from Bengaluru, Mangaluru, Bagalkot, Kalaburgi and Davanagere. The editor is Mahabala Seetalbhavi (Mahabaleshwar V.Bhat). The newspaper is also available in an e-format on the official website.

Samyukta Karnataka was first published in 1921. It has its origins in the Indian Independence movement starting with an objective to promote ideas of nationalism.

Hubli
Hubli, officially Hubballi, is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. The twin cities Hubli–Dharwad form the second largest municipality and urban agglomeration of Karnataka in terms of area and population and the largest city in North Karnataka. Hubli is in Dharwad district of Karnataka and is the taluk headquarters of Hubli City and Hubli Rural. Although it hosts the Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation, the district headquarters is in Dharwad.

It also houses the largest number of government offices outside the state capital. In 2016, Hubli-Dharwad was selected for solar city / green city master plans. In 2017, government of India included Hubli-Dharwad city for a smart city project, a flagship scheme for overall development of infrastructure in the twin-cities.
Zdzisław Styczeń
Zdzisław Witold Styczeń (16 October 1894 – 20 December 1978) was a Polish footballer who played as a midfielder for Kraków-based clubs, Robotniczy KS, Cracovia and Wisła.

He played in the first game of the Poland national team. Styczeń was also a part of the squad that participated in the 1924 Summer Olympics.

KS Cracovia
Cracovia (Polish pronunciation: [kraˈkɔvja]) is a Polish professional football club based in Kraków. The club is five-time Polish champion, besides being the inaugural Polish champion, winner of the Polish Cup and the Polish Super Cup in 2020. Founded in 1906, Cracovia is the oldest Polish club still in existence. They play in the Ekstraklasa, the top tier of the national football league system.
Beit Orot
31°47′08″N 35°14′47″E﻿ / ﻿31.78556°N 35.24639°E﻿ / 31.78556; 35.24639

Beit Orot (Hebrew: בית אורות, lit. The House of Lights) is a Jewish neighborhood on the northern ridge on the Mount of Olives, in East Jerusalem, near the Augusta Victoria Hospital and the Palestinian neighbourhood of At-Tur.

The Irving Moskowitz Yeshiva & Campus, a Religious Zionist Hesder yeshiva is the nucleus of the neighborhood.

Hesder
Hesder (Hebrew: הסדר "arrangement"; also Yeshivat Hesder ישיבת הסדר‎) is an Israeli yeshiva program which combines advanced Talmudic studies with military service in the Israel Defense Forces, usually within a Religious Zionist framework. The program allows Orthodox Jewish men to serve in the Israeli military while still engaging in Torah study.
1892 Missouri gubernatorial election
The 1892 Missouri gubernatorial election was held on November 8, 1892, and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee, former Congressman William J. Stone, over the Republican candidate former Congressman William Warner, Populist candidate Leverett Leonard, and Prohibition candidate John Sobieski.

William Warner (Missouri politician)
William Warner (June 11, 1840 – October 4, 1916) was an American lawyer and politician based in Kansas City, Missouri. He became mayor of Kansas City in 1871, serving a one year term. He later represented Missouri in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate.
Giovanni Greco
Giovanni Greco (born 11 April 1990) is an Italian badminton player. He started playing badminton in 1999, in a small town near Palermo. He started competing competitively when he was 20, and was selected to join the national team in 2009. He participated at the 2013 and 2018 Mediterranean Games, also at the 2015 and 2019 European Games.

Badminton at the 2019 European Games
Badminton at the 2019 European Games was held at Falcon Club, Minsk, Belarus from 24 to 30 June. The badminton programme in 2019 included men's and women's singles competitions; men's, women's and mixed doubles competitions.
Bologna San Ruffillo railway station
Bologna San Ruffillo (Italian: Stazione di Bologna San Ruffillo) is a railway station in Bologna, Italy. The station opened in 1934 and is located on the Bologna–Florence railway. Train services are operated by Trenitalia Tper.

The station is managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI), a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane (FSI), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Bologna–Florence railway
The Bologna–Florence railway is one of the major links in the Italian rail network, connecting the railways of the Po Valley with the railways of Tuscany and central Italy under the Apennines.  It is also known as the Bologna–Florence direttissima—"direttissima" is Italian for "most direct". It was Italy's greatest engineering achievement in the first half of the twentieth century. When it opened in 1934 it significantly shortened the old winding Porrettana line over the Apennines via Pistoia, and was made possible by the 18.507 km-long Apennine Base Tunnel.  The new Bologna–Florence high-speed railway was opened on 5 December 2009; it includes 73.8 km of tunnels in its 78.5 km length.
Porterville Transit
Porterville Transit (PT) is the primary transit authority serving residents and visitors to Porterville, the second-largest city in Tulare County, California. It was operated by the city and offered both fixed routes and dial-a-ride local service within Porterville, with all fixed routes operating out of a central transit center. Buses connecting Porterville's transit hub to nearby census-designated places were handled by Tulare County Area Transit (TCaT), including services to Tulare and Visalia (TCaT Route 40), Springville (TCaT Route 70), Terra Bella (80), and Poplar and Woodville (90).

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in California, PT also offered service to the nearby Tule River Indian Reservation. Porterville Transit routes are now operated by the Tulare County Regional Transit Agency (TCRTA), which was formed as a joint powers agency in 2020 by the city and county governments of Tulare County, with the exception of Visalia.

Springville, California
Springville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Tulare County, California, United States. The population was 967 at the 2020 census, up from 934 at the 2010 census. The original name of the town was “Daunt”, after William Daunt, a settler who opened the first store in the town in 1860. The name was changed to “Springville” in January, 1911, in reference to the soda springs found in the area.
Louise Marleau
Louise Marleau (born August 26, 1944) is a Canadian actress. She won the 1985 Genie Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role for her role in A Woman in Transit (La Femme de l'hôtel) and was nominated in the same category in 1980 for her role in Heartbreak (L'Arrache-cœur), a role for which she won Best Actress at the 1979 Montreal World Film Festival.

Born in Montreal, she has been acting since she was a child, and she made her professional debut in 1962 at 18. Since that time she has worked with all the major theatrical companies in Canada, including the Stratford Festival, performing in works by Molière, Feydeau, Genet, Cocteau and Shakespeare.

Marleau recently translated Eve Ensler's play The Vagina Monologues into French (Canadian French).

Canadian French
Canadian French (French: français canadien, [fʁãˈsɛ kanaˈd͡zjɛ̃]) is the French language as it is spoken in Canada. It includes multiple varieties, the most prominent of which is Québécois (Quebec French). Formerly Canadian French referred solely to Quebec French and the closely related varieties of Ontario (Franco-Ontarian) and Western Canada—in contrast with Acadian French, which is spoken by Acadians in New Brunswick (including the Chiac dialect) and some areas of Nova Scotia (including the dialect St. Marys Bay French), Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland & Labrador (where Newfoundland French is also spoken).
Battle of São Mamede
The Battle of São Mamede took place on 24 June 1128 near Guimarães and is considered the seminal event for the foundation of the Kingdom of Portugal and the battle that ensured Portugal's independence. Portuguese forces led by Afonso Henriques defeated forces led by his mother Teresa of Portugal and her lover Fernão Peres de Trava. Following São Mamede, the future king styled himself "Prince of Portugal". He would be called "King of Portugal" starting in 1139 and was recognised as such by neighbouring kingdoms in 1143.

Alfonso VI of León and Castile
Alfonso VI (c. 1040/1041 – 1 July 1109), nicknamed the Brave (El Bravo) or the Valiant, was king of León (1065–1109), Galicia (1071–1109), and Castile (1072–1109).

After the conquest of Toledo in 1085, Alfonso proclaimed himself victoriosissimo rege in Toleto, et in Hispania et Gallecia (most victorious king of Toledo, and of Spain and Galicia). This conquest, along with El Cid's taking of Valencia would greatly expand the territory and influence of the Leonese/Castilian realm, but also provoked an Almoravid invasion that Alfonso would spend the remainder of his reign resisting.  The Leonese and Castilian armies suffered decisive defeats in the battles of Sagrajas (1086), Consuegra (1097) and Uclés (1108), in the latter of which his only son and heir, Sancho Alfónsez, died, and Valencia was abandoned but Toledo remained part of an expanded realm that he passed to his daughter.
Tangier Garrison
The Tangier Garrison was the land force which oversaw the defence of English Tangier between 1661 and 1684 when it was evacuated. It was part of the English Army, the de facto standing army that Charles II established following the Restoration. Charles II received Tangier as part of the Marriage Treaty with Portugal in 1661. He appointed Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough as governor and, on 30 January 1662, the new garrison took up its duties. Peterborough was not a successful appointment as governor, and Andrew, Lord Rutherford, was appointed in 1662/1663 to replace him.

Marriage Treaty
The Marriage Treaty, or Anglo-Portuguese Treaty, was a treaty of alliance that was agreed between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Portugal and concluded on 23 June 1661.

It led to the marriage of Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganza, the daughter of John IV of Portugal. It was a marriage of state, as was common in the era.

The treaty also renewed the medieval Anglo-Portuguese Alliance.
Bodaiji
A bodaiji (菩提寺, lit. "bodhi temple") in Japanese Buddhism is a temple which, generation after generation, takes care of a family's dead, giving them burial and performing ceremonies in their soul's favor. The name is derived from the term bodai (菩提), which originally meant just Buddhist enlightenment (satori), but which in Japan has also come to mean either the care of one's dead to ensure their welfare after death or happiness in the beyond itself. Several samurai families including the Tokugawa had their bodaiji built to order, while others followed the example of commoners and simply adopted an existing temple as family temple. Families may have more than one bodaiji. The Tokugawa clan, for example, had two, while the Ashikaga clan had several, both in the Kantō and the Kansai areas.

Kansai region
The Kansai region (関西地方, Kansai Chihō; [kaꜜɰ̃.sai, kaɰ̃.sai tɕiꜜ.hoː] ⓘ) (also known as the Kinki region (近畿地方, Kinki Chihō; Japanese pronunciation: [kʲiꜜŋ.ki, kʲiŋ.ki̥ tɕiꜜ.hoː])) is a region of Japan that lies in the southern-central portion of Japan's main island, Honshū. The region consists of the prefectures of Hyōgo, Kyoto, Mie, Nara, Osaka, Shiga, and Wakayama.  Additionally, the prefectures of Fukui, Tokushima and Tottori are sometimes associated with Kansai.

Kansai is the second-most populated region of Japan (after Kantō), and contains the metropolitan region of Osaka, Kobe and Kyoto (Keihanshin region), which is the second-most populated metropolitan region in Japan (after the Greater Tokyo Area).