hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Family law of Singapore
The Family law of Singapore deals with several family legal issues in Singapore. It deals with adoptions, divorce, children's issues, division of matrimonial property, personal protection orders, probate and maintenance. The family court in Singapore oversees these legal issues.
Singapore has two separate and different sets of family law: one for Muslims and the other for everyone else.  Family law for Muslims is codified in the Administration of Muslim Law Act (AMLA).  Family law for non-Muslims is codified in the Women's Charter. The  Family Justice Courts of Singapore (FJC) handles all family cases.

Administration of Muslim Law Act
The Administration of Muslim Law Act is a Singapore statute that pertains to regulation of Muslim religious affairs, establishing the creation of a religious council to offer advice on matters related to the Muslim religion, and the creation of a Syariah Court in Singapore. The act was passed in 1966 and came into force on 1 July 1968.
Oregon v. Guzek
Oregon v. Guzek, 546 U.S. 517 (2006), was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, which ruled that the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution does not grant criminal defendants facing the death penalty the right to introduce new evidence of their innocence during sentencing that was not introduced during trial.  Accordingly, states could constitutionally exclude such evidence from the sentencing phase of a capital trial.

Judgment (law)
In law, a judgment is a decision of a court regarding the rights and liabilities of parties in a legal action or proceeding. Judgments also generally provide the court's explanation of why it has chosen to make a particular court order.

Speakers of British English tend to use the term at the appellate level as synonymous with judicial opinion. American English speakers prefer to maintain a clear distinction between the opinion of an appellate court (setting forth reasons for the disposition of an appeal) and the judgment of an appellate court (the pronouncement of the disposition itself).

In Canadian English, the phrase "reasons for judgment" is often used interchangeably with "judgment," although the former refers to the court's justification of its judgment while the latter refers to the final court order regarding the rights and liabilities of the parties.
Gundagai Shire
Gundagai Shire was a local government area in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. On 12 May 2016, Gundagai Shire was abolished and merged with the neighbouring Cootamundra Shire to establish Cootamundra-Gundagai Regional Council.

The Shire was located adjacent to the Hume Highway.  Gundagai Shire is primarily rural, with a small population. 80% of the Shire's population live in the town of Gundagai.  The four villages in the Shire were Coolac, Tumblong, Muttama and Nangus, with populations ranging from 40 to 90 people.

The last Mayor of Gundagai Shire was Cr. Abb McAlister, an unaligned politician.

Tumblong, New South Wales
Tumblong is a village community in the central east part of the Riverina and situated about 18 kilometres (11 mi) south east from Mundarlo and 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Adelong. It was known as Adelong Crossing or Adelong Crossing Place until 1913. At the 2011 census, Tumblong and the surrounding area had a population of 338.
Imbam
Imbam is a 2023 Indian Malayalam-language family romance drama written and directed by Sreejith Chandran. The film was produced by Mathew Mampra under the banner of Mampra Cinemas. The film stars Deepak Parambol, Lalu Alex, Meera Vasudevan, Irshad Ali and Lal Jose in lead roles.

P. S. Jayhari composed music for the movie. Nijay Jayan handled the cinematography, while Kuriakos Francis Kutasseril was in charge of the editing section.

Lal Jose
Lal Jose is an Indian director, actor, producer, and distributor who works in the Malayalam film industry. He started his career as an Assistant director in the Malayalam cinema. His directorial debut was with the 1998 film Oru Maravathoor Kanavu.

Lal Jose started his film career as an assistant director to Kamal. Lal Jose worked on a slew of Kamal's films during the 1990s. His popular films include Chandranudikkunna Dikhil (1999), Meesa Madhavan (2002), Chanthupottu (2005),  Classmates (2006), Arabikkatha (2007),  Neelathaamara (2009), Diamond Necklace (2012), Ayalum Njanum Thammil (2012), Immanuel (2013), and Vikramadithyan (2014).
Two Inch Punch
Ben Ash, professionally known as Two Inch Punch, is an English record producer, musician, remixer and songwriter. He has written and produced records with Jessie Ware, Sam Smith, Years & Years, Rag'n'Bone Man, Tory Lanez, Ty Dolla $ign, Damon Albarn, and Brian Eno.

Ash also collaborates with American producer Benny Blanco as the production outfit BenZel. They have featured with Sia, Wiz Khalifa, Juicy J, Cashmere Cat and Ryn Weaver.

Cashmere Cat
Magnus August Høiberg (born 29 November 1987), known professionally as Cashmere Cat, is a Norwegian DJ and record producer. Often in tandem with Benny Blanco, he has been credited with production work for artists including Kanye West, BTS, Snoop Dogg, the Kid Laroi, Selena Gomez, Camila Cabello, Ariana Grande, Tory Lanez, Major Lazer, the Weeknd, Kali Uchis and Lil Uzi Vert, His debut studio album, 9 (2017) was released by blanco's Mad Love Records, an imprint of Interscope Records and peaked at number 14 on the VG-lista charts. It also entered the Billboard 200 and included the single "Adore" (featuring Ariana Grande), which marked his only entry on the US Billboard Hot 100.

His debut extended play (EP), Mirror Maru (2012) was met with widespread critical praise. His second album, Princess Catgirl (2019) followed thereafter and experimented with hyperpop.
Pavel Babaylov
Pavel Babaylov (Russian: Павел Константинович Бабайлов; 25 February 1919 – 14 October 1944) was a Soviet aviator who was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union for his aerial combat feats as part of the 790th Fighter Aviation Regiment. He was born in a peasant family of Russian ethnicity in Neustroyevo, Sverdlovsk Oblast on 25 February 1919. He joined the Red Army as a volunteer in January 1940 and fought in the Winter War. In 1941 he was transferred to the Soviet Air Force. He became a member of the Communist Party in 1944 and was killed in action on 14 October 1944. On 23 February 1945, he was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Irbitsky District
Irbitsky District (Russian: Ирбитский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Irbitskoye Urban Okrug. Its administrative center is the town of Irbit (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 30,331 (2010 Census);  33,350 (2002 Census); 35,056 (1989 Soviet census).
Chenôve
Chenôve (French pronunciation: [ʃənov] ⓘ) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of France.

Until 1955, it was a small-scale winegrowing village, when it was absorbed into the urban agglomeration of Dijon. It is now the most populous suburb of the city of Dijon, located adjacent to the city's southwest side.

With about 14,000 inhabitants, Chenôve is the third largest urban area in the Côte-d'Or and the second largest economy in Dijon. Local Cheneveliers (residents of Chenôve) call themselves the "bombis", which is patois for "good bread".

Patois
Patois (/ˈpætwɑː/, pl. same or /ˈpætwɑːz/) is speech or language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in linguistics. As such, patois can refer to pidgins, creoles, dialects or vernaculars, but not commonly to jargon or slang, which are vocabulary-based forms of cant.

In colloquial usage of the term, especially in France, class distinctions are implied by the very meaning of the term, since in French, patois refers to any sociolect associated with uneducated rural classes, in contrast with the dominant prestige language (Standard French) spoken by the middle and high classes of cities or as used in literature and formal settings (the "acrolect"). Sociolinguistics is the discipline that studies the relationship between these language varieties, how they relate to the dominant culture and, in the case of France, to national language policy.
Malokarachayevsky District
Malokarachayevsky District (Russian: Малокарача́евский райо́н; Karachay-Balkar: Гитче Къарачай район, romanized: Gitçe Qaraçay rayon; Abaza: Къарчачкӏвын район; Kabardian: Мало-Къэрэшей район / Мало-Къэрэшей куей; Nogai: Кишкей-Карашай район, romanized: Kişkey-Qaraşay rayon) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is 1,366 square kilometers (527 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Uchkeken. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 43,318, with the population of Uchkeken accounting for 38.1% of that number.

Karachay-Balkar
Karachay–Balkar (къарачай-малкъар тил, qaraçay-malqar til), often referred to as the "mountaineer language" (тау тил, taw til) by its speakers, is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, European Russia, as well as by an immigrant population in Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. It is divided into two dialects: Karachay-Baksan-Chegem, which pronounces two phonemes as /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ and Malkar, which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as /ts/ and /z/. The modern Karachay–Balkar written language is based on the Karachay–Baksan–Chegem dialect. The language is closely related to Kumyk.
Chandigarh Fire and Emergency Services
The Chandigarh Fire and Emergency Services is the fire brigade wing of the Chandigarh Municipal Corporation.

As of 2012, the department had seven fire stations across the city and plans were afoot to build six more.

In 2009, a proposal was mooted in the Chandigarh Municipal Corporation to allow women into the fire services.

The department also sets up temporary fire stations during festive seasons to ensure that no mishaps occur.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
Thompson Peninsula
Thompson Peninsula (64°28′S 63°8′W﻿ / ﻿64.467°S 63.133°W﻿ / -64.467; -63.133) is a peninsula 3 nautical miles (6 km) long on the northeast coast of Anvers Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It is bounded by Patagonia Bay on the northwest and Fournier Bay on the southeast, and ends in Dralfa Point on the northeast.

The peninsula was surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955–57, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for John W. Thompson (1928-2012) of FIDS, general assistant and mountaineer at Arthur Harbor in 1956 and leader at that station in 1957.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Thompson Peninsula". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition
The Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) was an aerial survey of the Falkland Islands Dependencies and the Antarctic Peninsula which took place in the 1955–56 and 1956–57 southern summers.

Funded by the Colonial Office and organized by Peter Mott, the survey was carried out by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd.  The expedition was based at Deception Island and utilized the Oluf Sven, two Canso flying-boats, and several helicopters.

The photographic collection, held by the British Antarctic Survey as the United Kingdom Antarctic Mapping Centre, comprises about 12,800 frames taken on 26,700 kilometers of ground track.
Vempatapu Satyanarayana
Vempatapu Satyanarayana (Satyam) was a schoolteacher, member of several Indian Communist organizations, and a leader of the Srikakulam peasant uprising of 1967, along with Adibhatla Kailasam and Subbarao Panigrahi. They had started the "land to tiller" movement in Andhra Pradesh, which later spread to South Odisha.

Satyanarayana joined the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (CPI(ML)) through the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR). He became a member of the Central Organizing Committee of the CPI(ML) in 1969. Later, he became a member of the new Central Committee that was elected in the first party congress with Charu Majumdar as its General Secretary.
He was also the Secretary of the Srikakulam District Committee of the party. His small booklet on Srikakulam Peasant Armed Upsurge details the nature of Naxalbari uprising influence in the early phases of 1969 and 1970 in Andhra Pradesh.

Srikakulam district
Srikakulam district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, located in the Uttarandhra region of the state, with its headquarters located at Srikakulam. It is one of the six districts, located in the extreme northeastern direction of the state. It was formerly known as Chicacole, and was under Ganjam district till 1 April 1936, then merged under Vizagapatam district. Srikakulam district forms the core area of Kalinga where most of its historical capitals like Kalinganagari, pithunda, Dantapuram are located.
George C. Brownell
George Clayton Brownell (August 10, 1858 – May 28, 1921) was an American politician and attorney from Oregon City, Oregon.  He was a conservative Republican who represented Clackamas County in both of Oregon's legislative chambers.  He served three four-year terms in the Oregon State Senate and was senate president from 1903 through 1904.  Brownell was defeated for re-election after he was implicated in a land fraud scheme.  However, he was later exonerated when one of the convicted fraudsters admitted in court that he had forged Brownell's name on the incriminating documents without Brownell's knowledge or consent.  Brownell remained very popular in Clackamas County throughout his life. He was elected mayor of Oregon City in 1910 and later served a two-year term in the Oregon House of Representatives.

Oregon land fraud scandal
The Oregon land fraud scandal of the early 20th century involved U.S. government land grants in the U.S. state of Oregon being illegally obtained with the assistance of public officials. Most of Oregon's U.S. congressional delegation received indictments in the case: U.S. senator John H. Mitchell and U.S. representatives John N. Williamson and Binger Hermann, with Senator Charles William Fulton singularly uninvolved.
Burnside Village
Burnside Village is a premium shopping centre located in the suburb of Glenside in Adelaide, South Australia. It is situated within the City of Burnside local government area.

Burnside Village is home to prestigious stores such as Zara, Tommy Hilfiger, Louis Vuitton, Ralph Lauren, Oroton, and many others.

Oroton
Oroton is Australia's oldest luxury fashion company founded in 1938. The company's main product category is leather bags for women and men. The company sells other products such as eyewear, accessories and small leather goods, and launched its ready-to-wear apparel line in 2019. The company is based in Sydney and has close to 50 stores and concessions across Australia and Malaysia.
Ángel Casero
Ángel Luis Casero Moreno (born 27 September 1972 in Albalat dels Tarongers, Province of Valencia) is a retired Spanish road bicycle racer who raced professionally between 1994 and 2005.

His first win was at the 1995 Clásica a los Puertos de Guadarrama, followed by the 1997 Vuelta a Castilla y León. In 1998 and 1999, he was the Spanish national champion; in 1999, he finished fifth in the Tour de France. He finished second in the Vuelta a España in 2000 and won it in 2001. His name was later tied to the Operation Puerto doping case.

Spanish National Road Race Championships
The Spanish National Road Race Championships are held annually to decide the Spanish cycling champions in the road race discipline, across various categories. The event was first held in 1897 and was won by a Portuguese rider, José Bento Pessoa.
Horse Racing Ireland
Horse Racing Ireland (HRI; Irish: Rásaíocht Capaill na hÉireann) is the governing body of horse racing on the island of Ireland. It is based in the Curragh, County Kildare, next to the racecourse of that name. HRI was founded in 2001, succeeding the Irish Horseracing Authority, itself the 1994 successor to the  Racing Board founded in 1945.

HRI's mission statement is "to develop and promote Ireland as a world centre of excellence for horse racing and breeding". Like most other sports, horse racing is run on an All-Ireland basis, so HRI is responsible for racing in both the Republic of Ireland, which has 24 racecourses, and Northern Ireland, which has two racecourses. The remit of the British Horseracing Authority does not extend to Northern Ireland.

In April 2020 the then-CEO of HRI, Brian Kavanagh, said that with the benefit of hindsight the 2020 Cheltenham Festival should not have taken place or should have been held behind closed doors due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

British Horseracing Authority
The British Horseracing Authority, also known as the BHA, is the regulatory authority for horse racing in Great Britain.

It was formed on 31 July 2007, after the merger of the British Horseracing Board (BHB) and the Horseracing Regulatory Authority (HRA).

Stated objectives are to: "provide the most compelling and attractive racing in the world; be seen as the world leader in race day regulation; ensure the highest standards for the sport and participants, on and away from the racecourse; promote the best for the racehorse; and represent and promote the sport and the industry."

It is a member of the International Federation of Horseracing Authorities. The BHA's current interim chair is David Jones, who took over when Joe Saumarez Smith stepped down due to ill health in January 2025. Lord Allen was due to succeed as chair on 1 June 2025. but delayed his start in the role until later in 2025.
Song Il-gon
Song Il-gon (born January 1, 1971) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter known for his internationally award-winning early short films, and later feature films such as Spider Forest (2004) and Feathers in the Wind (2005). Long more popular abroad than in South Korea, Song was the first Korean filmmaker to win an award at the Cannes Film Festival.

Fribourg International Film Festival
The Fribourg International Film Festival (FIFF) is an annual film festival in Fribourg, Switzerland. It is focused on selected films from Asia, Africa and Latin America. The Grand Prize is the main award of the Fribourg International Film Festival.
William Erskine Knowles
William Erskine Knowles (November 28, 1872 – July 17, 1951) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Alliston, Ontario, Knowles was educated at Osgoode Hall Law School in Toronto, Ontario. A lawyer by profession, he was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the electoral district of Assiniboia West in a by-election held on February 6, 1906. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1908 and 1911 for the electoral district of Moose Jaw. He did not run in 1917. From 1918 to 1927, he was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan. From 1918 to 1921, he was the Provincial Secretary and from 1919 to 1921 he was the Minister of Telephones. He attempted a federal comeback in the 1921 and 1923 elections but was defeated.

Knowles resigned his seat in the Saskatchewan assembly in 1927 after he was named a judge.

Osgoode Hall Law School
Osgoode Hall Law School, commonly shortened to Osgoode, is the law school of York University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is home to the Law Commission of Ontario, the Journal of Law and Social Policy, and the Osgoode Hall Law Journal. A variety of J.D. LL.M. and Ph.D. degrees in law are available. Osgoode is widely considered to be one of the top law schools in Canada, ranking second in the country according to the most recent rankings by Maclean.

The law school's alumni include two Canadian prime ministers, four Attorneys General, eight premiers of Ontario, four Mayors of Toronto, eleven Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada, four of whom were Chief Justices, and one Academy Award nominee. The current dean of the law school is Trevor C.W. Farrow.
The Sport of Kings (1921 film)
The Sport of Kings is a 1921 British silent sports film directed by Arthur Rooke and starring Victor McLaglen, Douglas Munro and Cyril Percival. The screenplay concerns a man who tries to prevent his wealthy ward from marrying a man involved in the horseracing world.

Arthur Rooke
Arthur Henry Rooke (18 May 1878 – 1947) was a British actor and film director of the silent era. Rooke had worked in the theatre for many years before he went into films. He initially co-directed several films with A.E. Coleby, but later began directing films by himself. By the early 1920s, he was one of the more successful British film directors.
Jeff Altman
Jeff Altman (born August 13, 1951) is an American stand-up comedian and actor who has appeared as a guest on Late Night with David Letterman and Late Show with David Letterman a combined 45 times. Altman mesmerized contemporaries like David Letterman and Jerry Seinfeld, and inspired future comedians like Judd Apatow.

Altman has also had numerous acting roles in movies and television such as Dr. Gene Splicer in Tiny Toon Adventures, Professor Dweeb in Slimer and The Real Ghostbusters, Clint Mullet on Mork and Mindy, and five different guest characters on Baywatch. He had a recurring role as Hughie Hogg, the nephew of Jefferson Davis Hogg, on The Dukes of Hazzard.

Boss Hogg
Jefferson Davis Hogg, known as Boss Hogg, is a fictional character featured in the American television series The Dukes of Hazzard. He was the county commissioner of Hazzard County, and the county's political boss and the main antagonist of the show. Boss Hogg almost always wore an all-white suit with a white cowboy hat and regularly smoked cigars. His namesake is Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America. The role of Boss Hogg was played by Sorrell Booke, who performed frequently on radio, stage, television, and film prior to his role in The Dukes of Hazzard. The character was played by Burt Reynolds in the 2005 film.
David Kinnear Thomson
David Kinnear Thomson CBE, DL, TD, CStJ (26 March 1910 – 27 December 1992) was the chairman and president of Peter Thomson (Perth) Limited, whisky blenders and exporters based in Perth, Scotland. He served as Lord Provost of Perth from 1966 to 1972 and chairman of Tayside Health Board from 1973 to 1977.

NHS Tayside
NHS Tayside is an NHS board which forms one of the fourteen regions of NHS Scotland. It provides healthcare services in Angus, the Dundee City council area and Perth and Kinross. NHS Tayside is headquartered at Ninewells Hospital in Dundee; one of the largest hospitals in the world.

It has three Health and Social Care Partnerships (HSCPs): Angus, Dundee City and Perth and Kinross.