hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Exoglossum
Exoglossum is a genus of mound-building freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the  family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. containing two species, commonly known as  cutlip minnows, although the individual species, particularly Exoglossum maxillingua, are also locally known by that name.

Species of this genus usually range from 3 inches to 18 inches when sexually mature. In many areas these minnows are valued as both panfish and baitfish.

Bait fish
Bait fish (or baitfish) are small-sized fish caught and used by anglers as bait to attract larger predatory fish, particularly game fish. Baitfish species are typically those that are common and breed rapidly, making them easy to catch and in abundant supply.
Gümüşçay
Gümüşçay (former Güvercinli) is a town (belde) in the Biga District, Çanakkale Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,123 (2021). It is situated in the Anatolian portion of the province 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of Marmara Sea coast. The distance to Biga is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi). The settlement was an Ottoman district center named Güvercinli. The mosque of Gümüşçay, the Nasuh Çelebi mosque was built during the reign of Mahmut I (1730-1754). The settlement was declared a seat of township in 1949. The main economic sector of the town is agriculture.

Mahmud I
Mahmud I (Ottoman Turkish: محمود اول, Turkish: I. Mahmud; 2 August 1696  –  13 December 1754), known as Mahmud the Hunchback, was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1730 to 1754. He took over the throne after the quelling of the Patrona Halil rebellion. His reign was marked by wars in Persia and conflicts in Europe. He delegated government affairs to his viziers and devoted time to writing poetry. Nader Shah's devastating campaign weakened the Mughal Empire and created the opportunity for Mahmud I to initiate war with cooperation from Muhammad Shah. The alliance ended with the latter's death, leading to tensions between the Afsharids and the Ottomans. In 1748, he outlawed Freemasonry within the Ottoman Empire.
The Best of Bros
The Best of Bros is the first compilation album by British pop band Bros. The album was released on 1 March 2004 by Columbia Records. The album includes all of the band's singles, along with selected album tracks and B-sides. Nicky Graham and Tom Watkins are credited as the songwriters for the tracks taken from Push, instead of their original credit as "The Brothers".

The album was certified silver by the BPI for sales over 60.000 copies in March 2019.

Bros (British band)
Bros (/brɒs/) were an English band formed in 1986 in Camberley, Surrey. The band originally consisted of twin brothers Matt and Luke Goss, and their friend Craig Logan, who attended Collingwood School in Camberley. The band were managed by former Pet Shop Boys manager Tom Watkins. They achieved chart success and a large teenage fanbase in 1988 with songs such as "When Will I Be Famous?" and "I Owe You Nothing". Early the following year, Logan quit the band and the Goss twins continued as a duo. After two more albums the band split up in 1992.

According to the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), Bros have been certified for sales of 1.3 million albums and 750,000 singles in the UK. Bros are estimated to have sold 16 million records worldwide. In 2017, the Goss twins reunited to perform two dates as Bros at the O2 Arena in London.
Marten Mendez
A. Marten Mendez (28 August 1916 – 25 August 1994) was an American badminton player of Mexican descent who won national titles and represented his country internationally in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Known for his swift court coverage and stamina, Mendez won the U.S. men's singles title in 1949, 1950, and 1952, and reached the final in 1948 and 1951. He was a member of the 1948-1949 and 1951-1952 U.S. Thomas Cup (men's international) teams which made strong runs at the world championship. In the 1951-1952 series, at the age of 36, Mendez won three of his four singles matches against India and Malaya in Singapore's equatorial heat, losing only to the great Wong Peng Soon. Mendez was elected to the U.S. Badminton Hall of Fame in 1967.

1952 Thomas Cup
The 1952 Thomas Cup competition is an international team tournament for supremacy in men's badminton (its female counterpart is the Uber Cup). Beginning in 1948–49, it was held every three years until 1982 and thereafter has been held every two years. Twelve national teams contested for the Thomas Cup in the 1951-1952 badminton season, the tournament's second edition. According to the rules then in place Malaya was exempt from earlier ties (team matches), needing only to defend its title in a conclusive challenge round tie. The other contestants were divided into three regional qualifying zones, the Pacific, Europe, and Pan America, for the early ties. The winners of each zone then played-off in Malaya for the right to face Malaya in the challenge round. For a more detailed description of the Thomas Cup format see Wikipedia's general article on the Thomas Cup.
Etjosuchus
Etjosuchus is an extinct genus of carnivorous "rauisuchian" (loricatan) archosaur from the Triassic of Namibia. It is known from a single species, Etjosuchus recurvidens, which is based on a partial skeleton from the Ladinian to Carnian-aged Omingonde Formation.

Carnian
The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage of the Upper Triassic Series (or earliest age of the Late Triassic Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227.3 million years ago (Ma). The Carnian is preceded by the Ladinian and is followed by the Norian. Its boundaries are not characterized by major extinctions or biotic turnovers, but a climatic event (known as the Carnian pluvial episode characterized by substantial rainfall) occurred during the Carnian and seems to be associated with important extinctions or biotic radiations. Another extinction occurred at the Carnian-Norian boundary, ending the Carnian age.
Devernodes
Devernodes is a genus of flightless weevils belonging to the family Curculionidae, subfamily Molytinae and tribe Lymantini. First described in 2018 by Vasily Vikotorivich Grebennikov, it comprises weevil species found in leaf-litter habitats in China, Malaysia and Vietnam. Initially, the genus was believed to belong to the Asian Stromboscerini tribe of the Dryophthorinae subfamily. Later Devernodes was placed in the Lymantini tribe due to its unique head constriction separating the eye-bearing rostrum from its head capsule and complete female hemisternites. These features, particularly the former, are unknown in Stromboscerini but are diagnostic features of the Lymantini tribe found in the Americas. It was later confirmed in 2022 through a DNA and morphological analysis that Devernodes belongs to the Lymantini tribe. As such, the Devernodes represent the first record of Lymantini weevils found outside the Americas.

Dryophthorinae
Dryophthorinae is a weevil subfamily within the family Curculionidae. While it is not universally accepted as distinct from other curculionid subfamilies, at least one major recent revision elevated it to family rank, as Dryophthoridae
Tony Kofi
Tony Kofi (born 10 July 1966) is a British jazz saxophonist and flautist. He leads a trio and quartet and is co-founder of the Monk Liberation Band. His trio includes drummer Winston Clifford and Hammond B3 organist Anders Olinder. Kofi is signed to the Specific Jazz label. He has twice won BBC Jazz Awards: Best Instrumentalist in 2008 and Best Album in 2005 for All Is Know. Tony joined Grand Union Orchestra in 1998, led by artistic director Tony Haynes, and has been a prominent player ever since. In May 2021 Kofi appeared on BBC Radio 4 to discuss his early life and the life-changing event that led him to take up the saxophone.

Grand Union Orchestra
Grand Union Orchestra, also known as The Grand Union, is a multicultural world jazz ensemble based in London. It has been performing, touring and recording large-scale shows for over 30 years and is well known for its educational work.
Nikita Ivanov (ice hockey)
Nikita Vasilievich Ivanov (Russian: Никита Васильевич Иванов; born March 31, 1989) is a Kazakhstani ice hockey forward currently playing for ShKO Oskemen of the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship. He played for Barys Astana in the Kontinental Hockey League during the 2016–17 KHL season.

He was a member of the Kazakhstan national team at the 2016 IIHF World Championship.

Pro Hokei Ligasy
The Pro Hokei Ligasy, commonly referred to as Kazakhstan Hockey Championship, is  the highest level of ice hockey in Kazakhstan. Founded in 1992, eleven teams from Kazakhstan compete to win the Kazakhstan Hockey Cup.
Kouris Centri Turbine
The Kouris Centri Turbine (KCT) is a gravitation water vortex turbine that utilizes rotational kinetic energy for generating power, contrasting with the linear kinetic energy approach of conventional hydroelectric systems.

Turbine
A turbine (/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/ or /ˈtɜːrbɪn/) (from the Greek τύρβη, tyrbē, or Latin turbo, meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical power when combined with a generator. A turbine is a turbomachine with at least one moving part called a rotor assembly, which is a shaft or drum with blades attached. Moving fluid acts on the blades so that they move and impart rotational energy to the rotor.

Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. Modern steam turbines frequently employ both reaction and impulse in the same unit, typically varying the degree of reaction and impulse from the blade root to its periphery.
Felsőtárkány National Forest Railway
Felsőtárkány National Forest Railway (Hungarian: Felsőtárkányi Állami Erdei Vasút) is a 5 kilometers long railway line in Northern Hungary. It operates regularly between 1 May and 30 September. It was built in 1915.

Northern Hungary
Northern Hungary (Hungarian: Észak-Magyarország, Hungarian pronunciation: ['eːsɒk 'mɒɟɒrorsaːg]) is a region in Hungary. As a statistical region it includes the counties Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, Heves and Nógrád, but in colloquial speech it usually also refers to Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county. The region is in the north-eastern part of Hungary. It borders Slovakia to the north, the Northern Great Plain region of Hungary to the south-east, and the central region of Hungary to the south-west. The region's centre, largest, and capital city is Miskolc.
PS Shark Tanjungpinang
Perkumpulan Sepakbola Shark Tanjungpinang (simply known as PS Shark Tanjungpinang) is an Indonesian football club based in Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. They currently compete in the Liga 4, in 2021, PS Shark Tanjungpinang has been registered as a member of the Provincial Association PSSI of Riau Islands (In Indonesian: Asprov PSSI Kepri).

Liga 4 (Indonesia)
Liga 4 (English: League Four) is the fourth-tier of the football competition system in Indonesia. The competition is organized by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) and the first season started in 2024.
Hillside Public Schools
The Hillside Public Schools are a comprehensive community public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Hillside, in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of seven schools, had an enrollment of 3,046 students and 257.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.8:1.

Pre-kindergarten
Pre-kindergarten (also called pre-K or PK) is a voluntary classroom-based preschool program for children below the age of five in the United States, Canada, Turkey and Greece (when kindergarten starts). It may be delivered through a preschool or within a reception year in elementary school. Pre-kindergartens play an important role in early childhood education. They have existed in the US since 1922, normally run by private organizations. The U.S. Head Start program, the country's first federally funded pre-kindergarten program, was founded in 1967. This attempts to prepare children (especially disadvantaged children) to succeed in school.
M129 grenade launcher
The M129 is a 40 mm automatic grenade launcher that was used as an aircraft weapon in United States service. It was developed from the earlier M75 and was capable of using both the high-velocity 40x53 mm grenade and the lower velocity 40x46 mm grenade.

Grenade launcher
A grenade launcher is a weapon that fires a specially designed, large caliber projectile, often with an explosive, smoke, or gas warhead. Today, the term generally refers to a class of dedicated firearms firing unitary grenade cartridges - for example the widely used 40mm type. The most common type are man-portable, shoulder-fired weapons issued to individuals, although larger crew-served launchers are issued at higher levels of organization by military forces.

Grenade launchers are produced in the form of standalone weapons (either single shot or repeating) or as attachments mounted to a parent firearm, usually a rifle. Larger crew-served automatic grenade launchers such as the Mk 19 are mounted on tripods or vehicles.

Some armored fighting vehicles also mount fixed arrays of short-range, single-shot grenade launchers as a means of defense.
São José Paquete Africa
The São José Paquete Africa (also, São José-Paquete de Africa) was a Portuguese slave ship that sank in 1794 off the coast of Cape Town, South Africa.  Close to shore, but in deep water, 212 of the 400 to 500 African slaves who were aboard died when the ship sank.   In 2015, the Smithsonian's  African American History Museum, South Africa's Iziko Museums, the Slave Wrecks Project, and other partners, confirmed discovery of the wreck near where it sank.  The ship and its slaves were headed from Portuguese Mozambique to Colonial Brazil, during the height of the international African slave trade.  Few other former slave ships have been found, but the São José is the first and only shipwreck discovered, as of June 3, 2015, of a working slave ship, which sank in transit with its human cargo aboard.

Iziko Museums of South Africa
Iziko Museums of South Africa, formerly Southern Flagship Institution (SFI) and then Iziko Museums of Cape Town, is an organisation governing national museums in greater Cape Town, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2024 there are 11 museums in the group.
Hexalobus salicifolius
Hexalobus salicifolius is a species of flowering plant in the family Annonaceae. It is found in Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo. Local common names include oouè, owoé, and owui.

This is an evergreen tree up to 35 meters tall. The deeply furrowed, fissured trunk is up to one meter wide. The leaves are up to 10 centimeters long by 3.5 wide. They may be grayish in color and hairy in texture. The fragrant flowers have cream to yellow petals with purple bases. The fruit is edible. 
Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads.

Annonaceae
The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the Magnoliales. Several genera produce edible fruit, most notably Annona, Anonidium, Asimina, Rollinia, and Uvaria. Its type genus is Annona. The family is concentrated in the tropics, with few species found in temperate regions. About 900 species are Neotropical, 450 are Afrotropical, and the remaining are Indomalayan.
Ethnic interest group
An ethnic interest group or ethnic lobby, according to Thomas Ambrosio, is an advocacy group (often a foreign policy interest group) established along cultural, ethnic, religious or racial lines by an ethnic group for the purposes of directly or indirectly influencing the foreign policy of their resident country in support of the homeland and/or ethnic kin abroad with which they identify.

Thomas Ambrosio
Thomas Ambrosio is a professor of political science in the Department of Political Science and Public Policy at North Dakota State University. He teaches courses on terrorism, international relations, international law, and international criminal law.
1959 LPGA Championship
The 1959 LPGA Championship was the fifth LPGA Championship, held July 2–6 at Sheraton Hotel Country Club in French Lick, Indiana.

Betsy Rawls won the first of her two LPGA Championships, one stroke ahead of Patty Berg. The final round on Sunday was delayed to Monday due to heavy rain and unplayable greens. Defending champion Mickey Wright finished nine strokes back in eighth place. It was the fourth of eight major titles for Rawls.

The course was designed by Donald Ross; it opened in 1917 and was originally known as the "Hill Course." It hosted the PGA Championship in 1924, the second of five won by Walter Hagen and the first of four consecutive. It is now named the "Donald Ross Course." The LPGA Championship returned to the course the following year in 1960.

Patty Berg
Patricia Jane Berg (February 13, 1918 – September 10, 2006) was an American professional golfer. She was a founding member and the first president of the LPGA. Her 15 major title wins remains the all-time record for most major wins by a female golfer. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.

In winter times she was also a speed skater.
Rowing at the 2020 Summer Olympics
The rowing competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo took place between 23 and 30 July 2021 at the Sea Forest Waterway (Central Breakwater) in Tokyo Bay. Fourteen medal events were contested by 526 athletes (266 men and 260 women --- three of the seven coxes in the women's eights were male).

Coxswain (rowing)
In a rowing crew, the coxswain (/ˈkɒksən/ KOK-sən or /ˈkɒksweɪn/ KOK-swayn; colloquially known as the cox or coxie) is a crewmember who does not row but directs the boat. The coxswain sits facing the bow, unlike the rowers, and is responsible for steering the boat and coordinating the power and rhythm of the rowers. The coxswain's role while on the water is similar to that of an assistant coach or team captain, and they are sometimes also called upon to implement the training regimen or race plan.

In most racing, coxswains may be of either sex regardless of the sex of the rowers. Often they are women, since women are more likely to be near the ideal weight of a cox, which is 110 lbs or 120 lbs for USRowing and 55 kg for World Rowing (see Sex, and Weight, below).
Sydney Parkinson
Sydney Parkinson (c. 1745 – 26 January 1771) was a Scottish botanical illustrator and natural history artist. He was the first European artist to visit Australia, New Zealand and Tahiti. Parkinson was the first Quaker to visit New Zealand. The standard author abbreviation Parkinson is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Lee and Kennedy
Lee and Kennedy were two families of prominent Scottish nurserymen in partnership for three generations at the Vineyard Nursery in Hammersmith, west of London. "For many years," wrote John Claudius Loudon in 1854, "this nursery was deservedly considered the first in the world."
Arthur Thompson (cricketer)
Arthur Paul Thompson (1 March 1914 – May 1987) was an English cricketer. Thompson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He was born at Leicester, Leicestershire.

Thompson made two first-class appearances for Leicestershire against Derbyshire and Warwickshire in the 1937 County Championship. He scored 11 runs with a high score of 5 in his two matches.

He died in May 1987 in the city of his birth.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Jennifer Decilveo
Jennifer Decilveo is an American Grammy-winning, Brit and Mercury Prize-nominated record producer, multi-instrumentalist, and songwriter. Her production and songwriting credits include Beth Ditto of The Gossip, Bat for Lashes, Andra Day, Porridge Radio, Miley Cyrus, Hozier, FLETCHER, Melanie Martinez, Anne-Marie, Albert Hammond Jr. of The Strokes, The Wombats, Phantogram, Marina, Lucius, White Reaper, and Angelique Kidjo. Decilveo co-wrote and produced Andra Day's Rise Up on her critically acclaimed album Cheers to the Fall. The album was nominated for Best R&B Album and the album's main single, Rise Up, was nominated for Best R&B Performance at the 2016 Grammy Awards. Decilveo and Day are winners  of BET's 2016 Soul Train Music Awards The Ashford & Simpson Songwriter's Award. 
Decilveo also produced Marina's Man's World which was nominated for the 2021 Ivor Novello Awards for Best Song Musically and Lyrically.

Fletcher (singer)
Cari Elise Fletcher (born March 19, 1994), known mononymously by her last name (stylized in all caps), is an American singer. Her breakthrough song "Undrunk", released in 2019, was her first single to chart on the U.S Billboard Hot 100. "Undrunk" was released on January 25, 2019, as the lead single of her second extended play (EP), You Ruined New York City for Me (2019).

Fletcher's debut single as a solo artist, "War Paint", was released in 2015. Her 2016 single, "Wasted Youth", reached No. 1 on Billboard's Emerging Artist Chart. Fletcher was included on Forbes's 2022 30 under 30 list. She released her debut album, Girl of My Dreams, in 2022. In March 2024, she released her second album In Search of the Antidote.
1953 Brownlow Medal
The 1953 Brownlow Medal was the 26th year the award was presented to the player adjudged the fairest and best player during the Victorian Football League (VFL) home and away season. Bill Hutchison of the Essendon Football Club won the medal by polling twenty-six votes during the 1953 VFL season.

Bill Hutchison
William Henry Hutchison (28 April 1923 – 18 June 1982), often referred to as "Hutchy", was an Australian rules footballer in the Victorian Football League (VFL) with the Essendon Football Club, who played 290 VFL games, from 1942 to 1957, and kicked 496 goals.

Generally considered one of the finest rovers ever to play the game, he captained Essendon from 1951 to 1957, and was a vital part of Essendon's premiership sides in 1942, 1946, 1949 and 1950.
Lister Auto-Truck
The Lister Auto-Truck was a small monowheel tractor built for moving light loads around factories, railway yards and similar sites. They were based on a design originally by Auto Mowers Ltd, and were built by R A Lister and Company of Dursley, Gloucestershire, well known for their range of small stationary engines (although the Auto Truck used a J.A.P. petrol engine). A narrow-gauge rail version of the Auto-Truck (the Rail-Truck) was made along similar stylistic lines as regards the bonnetted engine, and its light weight made it popular for temporary and lightly laid tracks such as used on brickworks, peat bogs, and construction sites. Production of both the Auto-Truck and the Rail-Truck extended from the 1920s to the 1970s.

Dursley
Dursley is a market town and civil parish in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies between the cities of Bristol and Gloucester. It is under the northeast flank of Stinchcombe Hill, and about 4 miles (6 km) southeast of the River Severn. The town is adjacent to the village of Cam. The population of Dursley was 7,463 at the 2021 Census.