hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Literations
Literations (formerly Generations Incorporated), founded in 1991, is a non-profit organization based in Boston, Massachusetts. As of 2009, the organization ran one of the largest programs in the United States employing volunteer adults over 55 years of age to tutor children in literacy skills, in affiliation with the AARP program Experience Corps.

Tutoring
Tutoring is private academic help, usually provided by an expert teacher; someone with deep knowledge or defined expertise in a particular subject or set of subjects.

A tutor, formally also called an academic tutor, is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills. The tutor spends a few hours on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis to transfer their expertise on the topic or skill to the student (also called a tutee). Tutoring can take place in different settings.
Vandithavalam
Vandithavalam is a village in the Palakkad district, state of Kerala, India. It is among the villages administered by the Perumatty Gram Panchayat.

Vandithavalam was a village in the erstwhile Cochin state, but was included in the Palakkad district at the time of the Kerala State formation.

Vandithavalam lies in the foothills of the Western Ghats and is situated near the Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary. Vandithavalam is nourished by the Bharathapuzha River and consists of fertile agricultural land.

Vandithavalam is situated in the Palghat Gap, thus historically transport from neighbouring Tamil Nadu is constant. Vandithavalam served as a resting point for the travellers and thus derived the name Vandithavalam, with Vandi meaning vehicle and Thavalam referring to a centre/place in Malayalam.

Vandithavalam is situated 17 Km away from the Palakkad City and 30 Km away from Pollachi town.

Bharathappuzha
The Bharathappuzha ("River of Bhārata"), also known as the Nila River, is a river in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala. With a length of 209 km, it is the second longest river that flows through Kerala after the Periyar. It flows through the Palakkad Gap, which is also the largest opening in the Kerala portion of the Western Ghats. The Nila has groomed the culture and life of South Malabar part of Kerala. It is also referred to as  the "Peraar" in ancient scripts and documents. River Bharathapuzha is an interstate river and lifeline water source for a population residing in four administrative districts, namely Malappuram and Palakkad districts, and parts of Palakkad-Thrissur district border of Kerala and Coimbatore, and Tiruppur of Tamil Nadu. The fertile Thrissur-Ponnani Kole Wetlands lie on its bank.
Dewisland
51°56′53″N 5°08′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.948°N 5.141°W﻿ / 51.948; -5.141

The Hundred of Dewisland (often written "Dewsland") was a hundred in northwest Pembrokeshire, Wales. Formerly the pre-Norman cantref of Pebidiog, it included the city and the peninsula of St Davids. It was named after Dewi Sant, the Welsh name for Saint David.

The Petty Sessions for the hundred were held at Solfach.

Solva
Solva (Welsh: Solfach) is a village, community and electoral ward in Pembrokeshire, Wales. The village comprises principally Lower Solva and Upper Solva. The community also includes Middle Mill and Whitchurch.
North Middlesex University Hospital
North Middlesex University Hospital, known locally as North Mid, is a district general hospital in Edmonton in the London Borough of Enfield. The hospital was managed by the North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust until 1 January 2025, when it merged into the Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust.

Care Quality Commission
The Care Quality Commission (CQC) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care of the United Kingdom. It was established in 2009 to regulate and inspect health and social care providers in England. It was formed from three predecessor organisations:

the Healthcare Commission

the Commission for Social Care Inspection

the Mental Health Act Commission

The CQC's stated role is to make sure that hospitals, care homes, dental and general practices and other care services in England provide people with safe, effective and high-quality care, and to encourage those providers to improve. It carries out this role through checks during the registration process which all new care services must complete, as well as through inspections and monitoring of a range of data sources that can indicate problems with services.

Part of the commission's remit is protecting the interests of people whose rights have been restricted under the Mental Health Act.
Ahmad Mazani
Ahmad Mazani (Persian: احمد مازنی) is an Iranian cleric and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr electoral district, from 2016 to 2020.

Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis (Persian: تهران، ری، شمیرانات، اسلامشهر و پردیس) is a constituency for the Parliament of Iran encompassing the metropolitan area of Tehran and some of its satellite cities.

It has 30 seats, the most among all constituencies nationwide and plays an outsized role in shaping politics nationally, having been described as a "bellwether for elite sentiment in Iran". The constituency's seats have been the most prestigious in the country because it includes the country's capital city, and has had lively press and voters.
Floßbach (Isenach)
The Floßbach (also Floßgraben or Floßkanal, formerly Flotzbach or Flotzbachgraben) is a man-made river 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) long. It is an orographically right-hand tributary of the Isenach in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It was built in the 18th century to enable the timber rafting of firewood.

Timber rafting
Timber rafting is a method of transporting felled tree trunks by tying them together to make rafts, which are then drifted or pulled downriver, or across a lake or other body of water. It is arguably, after log driving, the second cheapest means of transporting felled timber. Both methods may be referred to as timber floating. The tradition of timber rafting cultivated in Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Latvia, Poland and Spain was inscribed on UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2022.
Strategem (album)
Strategem was the fourth studio album by Colorado rock band Big Head Todd and the Monsters, released in 1994.  It was the band's second Giant Records release, following their platinum Sister Sweetly released the year before. While the album failed to match the sales and popularity of the band's previous effort, several individual tracks were positively received by reviewers, including "Kensington Line" and "Neckbreaker". Several verses on the album were inspired by Buddhist koans.

The band recorded the album in an empty theater in Boulder, Colorado and attempted to return to a more indie music sound in the wake of their more commercial-sounding effort in "Sister Sweetly".

"Strategem" was a deliberate misspelling by the band of "stratagem", used in the album title and also found in the song title "Strategem", and in the lyrics of that song: "Here I stand by lovely strategem."

Todd Park Mohr
Todd Park Mohr (born October 19, 1965) is the singer and guitarist for the American rock band Big Head Todd and the Monsters. He is their namesake and primary lyricist. A founding member of the band, he also occasionally provides keyboards and saxophone.
The Cool School (album)
The Cool School is a 1960 album by June Christy of songs sung by children the world over accompanied by the Joe Castro Quartet.  June’s daughter Shay (then aged 5) was pictured on the LP/CD cover wearing a blue smock.

The album was re-issued in 2006 as a double-CD together with Do-Re-Mi.

June Christy
June Christy (born Shirley Luster; November 20, 1925 – June 21, 1990) was an American singer, known for her work in the cool jazz genre and for her silky smooth vocals. Her success as a singer began with The Stan Kenton Orchestra. She pursued a solo career from 1954 and is best known for her debut album Something Cool. After her death, she was hailed as "one of the finest and most neglected singers of her time."
Dirichlet density
In mathematics, the Dirichlet density (or analytic density) of a set of primes, named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, is a measure of the size of the set that is easier to use than the natural density.

Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (/ˌdɪərɪˈkleɪ/; German: [ləˈʒœn diʁiˈkleː]; 13 February 1805 – 5 May 1859) was a German mathematician. In number theory, he proved special cases of Fermat's Last Theorem and created analytic number theory. In analysis, he advanced the theory of Fourier series and was one of the first to give the modern formal definition of a function. In mathematical physics, he studied potential theory, boundary-value problems, heat diffusion, and hydrodynamics.

Although his surname is Lejeune Dirichlet, he is commonly referred to by his mononym Dirichlet, in particular for results named after him.
Philippe Cimadomo
Philippe François Michel Cimadomo (born 5 December 1959) is a French businessman and racing driver currently competing in the European Le Mans Series with TDS Racing x Vaillante. He is notable for being excluded from competing at the 2022 24 Hours of Le Mans after being involved in a number of incidents during practice.

Cimadomo was the CEO of French software company Metrologic Group, which he co-founded in 1980.

2022 European Le Mans Series
The 2022 European Le Mans Series was the nineteenth season of the Automobile Club de l'Ouest's (ACO) European Le Mans Series. The six-event season began at Circuit Paul Ricard on 17 April and finished at Algarve International Circuit on 16 October.

The series was open to Le Mans Prototypes, divided into the LMP2 and LMP3 classes, and grand tourer-style racing cars in the LMGTE class.
RARIK
RARIK  is an energy company in Iceland. It began operations on January 1, 1947. It currently operates electricity distribution networks in rural Iceland, with its subsidiary Orkusalan selling wholesale electricity production from its handful of small hydroelectric plants. It is a state-owned enterprise. It also operates a number of geothermal district heating networks in rural Iceland.

In the early years RARIK built several power plants and in 1954 enacted a 10-year electrification plan to provide remote rural areas with electricity. RARIK built, among others, the Lagarfoss and Mjólká power stations, both of which began operating in 1975. As of 2024, 77% of their network is underground, due to Iceland's harsh weather conditions and aims to be 100% underground by 2035.

District heating
District heating (also known as heat networks) is a system for distributing heat generated in a centralized location through a system of insulated pipes for residential and commercial heating requirements such as space heating and water heating. The heat is often obtained from a cogeneration plant burning fossil fuels or biomass, but heat-only boiler stations, geothermal heating, heat pumps and central solar heating are also used, as well as heat waste from factories and nuclear power electricity generation. District heating plants can provide higher efficiencies and better pollution control than localized boilers. According to some research, district heating with combined heat and power (CHPDH) is the cheapest method of cutting carbon emissions, and has one of the lowest carbon footprints of all fossil generation plants.

District heating is ranked number 27 in Project Drawdown's 100 solutions to global warming.
Pay Attention
Pay Attention is the sixth studio album by the Mighty Mighty Bosstones. It was released on May 2, 2000 by Island Records. The video for "So Sad to Say" premiered on MTV's 120 Minutes on April 25, 2000. In March and April 2001, the band held several shows in certain US cities as part of a multi-day club tour.

It reached #74 on the Billboard 200 and #170 on the Australian ARIA Charts.

120 Minutes
120 Minutes is a television program in the United States dedicated to the alternative music genre, that originally aired on MTV from 1986 to 2000, and then aired on MTV's associate channel MTV2 from 2001 to 2003.

After its cancellation, MTV2 premiered a replacement program called Subterranean. A similar but separate MTV Classic program, also titled 120 Minutes, plays many classic alternative videos that were regularly seen on 120 Minutes in its heyday.

120 Minutes returned as a monthly program on MTV2 on July 30, 2011, with Matt Pinfield as host.

In March 2023, former 120 Minutes host Lewis Largent died at the age of 58.
Mateo Nicolau
Mateo Nicolau Garí (18 August 1920 – 29 October 2005) was an Argentinian footballer who played as a forward for San Lorenzo in Argentina, Club América in Mexico, and most notably for Barcelona in Catalonia from 1948 to 1952.

1952 Latin Cup
The 1952 Latin Cup (French: Coupe Latine 1952) was the fourth edition of the annual Latin Cup which was played by clubs of the Southwest European nations of France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. The tournament was hosted by France, and the Spanish club Barcelona was the winner of the tournament after defeating Nice by a score of 1–0 in the final match.
Ntokozo Mbambo
Ntokozo Mbambo (born 6 November 1985) is a South African singer-songwriter. Born and raised in Umlazi, Mbambo professional music career began as a member and lead singer of the gospel group Joyous Celebration at the age of 15.

She made her on-screen debut as a judge in I Want to Sing Gospel (2014) and Idols SA season 17 (2021). Her accolades includes 5 South African Music Awards, 6 African Gospel Music and Media Awards, 2 Crown Gospel Music Awards, 2 Praise Achievement Awards, 1 Metro FM Music Awards, and 1 Basadi in Music Awards.

15th Metro FM Music Awards
The 15th installment of the annual Metro FM Music Awards is an award ceremony in the South African music industry honouring musicians who did exceedingly well in their field throughout 2015. The show first aired on SABC 1 on February 27, 2016.

The winner in each category will  receive a R100,000 prize for each category they win. Metro FM is investing in musicians; building wealth and benefiting financially from their trade over and above the artistic recognition that comes with the MMA's coveted statuette. This will be the first installment of the award show to include a new category, namely the Pan-African Category.

Nathi and Sphectacular & DJ Naves led the nominations with five each, followed by Riky Rick and Emtee with four nominations each, and AKA, Fifi Cooper and Black Coffee with three nominations each.

Emtee is the biggest winner of the event, having won in four categories. AKA won three awards, one of which he shares with newcomer Emtee.
Five (2003 film)
Five (Persian: پنج Panj), also known as Five Dedicated to Ozu, is a 2003 Iranian documentary film directed by Abbas Kiarostami. The film consists of five long shots, averaging about 16 minutes each. Four of the five have fixed camera positions.

It was first screened at the 2003 NHK Asian Film Festival  and was also screened out of competition at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival.

Cinema of Iran
The cinema of Iran (Persian: سینمای ایران), or of Persia, refers to the film industry in Iran. In particular, Iranian art films have garnered international recognition. Iranian films are usually written and spoken in the Persian language. Iran has been lauded as one of the best exporters of cinema in the 1990s. Some critics now rank Iran as the world's most important national cinema, artistically, with a significance that invites comparison to Italian neorealism and similar movements in past decades. A range of international film festivals have honoured Iranian cinema in the last twenty years.

Many film critics from around the world have praised Iranian cinema as one of the world's most important artistic cinemas.
Republic of Gulating
Republic of Gulating is an artistic project with serious political aims. On 4 June 2005 Western Norway was declared an independent state, "Republikken Gulating". This took place during a regional festival, "Kystfestivalen 61° Nord" in Gulen Municipality, north of the county capital of Bergen. The instigator behind the project, Øyvind Heitmann, was declared «pride minister» by Magnor Midtun, local historian, acting as president of the region in a Viking play, Hakonarspelet. The project wants to increase the independence of the region through political and cultural influence.

Nynorsk
Nynorsk (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnŷːnɔʂk] ⓘ; lit. 'Modern Norwegian'  or 'New Norwegian')  is one of the two official written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål. From 12 May 1885, it became the state-sanctioned version of Ivar Aasen's standard Norwegian language (Landsmål), parallel to the Dano-Norwegian written standard known as Riksmål. The name Nynorsk was introduced in 1929. After a series of reforms, it is still the written standard closer to Landsmål, whereas Bokmål is closer to Riksmål and Danish.

Between 10 and 15 percent of Norwegians (primarily in the west around the city of Bergen) have Nynorsk as their official language form, estimated by the number of students attending secondary schools. Nynorsk is also taught as a mandatory subject in both high school and middle school for all Norwegians who do not have it as their own language form.
Microearthquake
A microearthquake (or microquake) is a very low-intensity earthquake that is 2.0 or less in magnitude. They are very rarely felt beyond 8 km (5 mi) from their epicenter. In addition to having natural tectonic causes, they may also be seen as a result of underground nuclear testing or even large detonations of conventional explosives for producing excavations. They normally cause no damage to life or property, and are very rarely felt by people.

Microquakes occur often near volcanoes as they approach an eruption, and frequently in certain regions exploited for geothermal energy , such as near Geyserville in Northern California. These occur so continuously that the current USGS event map for that location usually shows a substantial number of small earthquakes at that location.

Geyserville, California
Geyserville  (/ˈɡaɪzərvɪl/; formerly Clairville) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Sonoma County, California, United States. Located in the Wine Country, Geyserville has a small selection of restaurants, bed and breakfasts, and wineries. Geyserville is located on California State Route 128, close to US Route 101. The population was 861 at the 2020 census.
Fursan, Syria
Al-Fursan (Arabic: الفرسان; Turkish: Sipahiler, lit. 'cavalrymen') is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. Administratively belonging to Nahiya Ghandoura in Jarabulus District, the village is inhabited by Turkmen and had a population of 565 as per the 2004 census. It is located midway between Al-Rai and Jarabulus, at the eastern banks of Sajur Lake. Nearby localities include Arab Azzah to the north and Lilawa to the southeast.

Ghandoura Subdistrict
Ghandoura Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية غندورة)  is a subdistrict of Jarabulus District in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. The administrative centre is the town of Ghandoura.

At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 17,314.
Samina Chowdhury
Samina Chowdhury (born 28 August 1966) is a Bangladeshi singer. She mostly sings modern and classical songs. Her notable songs include Jonmo Theke Jolchi Mago, Amar Buker Moddhyekhane, Amar Dui Chokhe Dui Nodi, Ekbar Jodi Keu, Kobita Porar Prohor and Phool Phote Phool Jhore.

Maasranga Television
Maasranga Television (Bengali: মাছরাঙা টেলিভিশন; lit. 'Kingfisher Television') is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language satellite and cable television channel owned by the Square Group. It commenced broadcasts on 30 July 2011, and is based in Bir Uttom Ziaur Rahman Road, Dhaka.
The Murmaids
The Murmaids were an American one-hit wonder all-female vocal trio, composed of sisters Carol and Terry Fischer (1 April 1946 – 28 March 2017); and Sally Gordon from North Hollywood, California, United States, who, in January 1964 reached No. 3 on the US Billboard Hot 100 with "Popsicles and Icicles".

North Hollywood, Los Angeles
North Hollywood (NoHo) is a neighborhood and district in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles, California. The neighborhood contains the NoHo Arts District, El Portal Theater, several art galleries, and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. The North Hollywood Metro Rail station is the northern terminus of the B Line subway on the Los Angeles Metro.

North Hollywood was established by the Lankershim Ranch Land and Water Company in 1887. It was first named "Toluca" before being renamed "Lankershim" in 1896 and finally "North Hollywood" in 1927.
Smith-Kingsmore syndrome
Smith-Kingsmore syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that is caused by a gain-of-function mutation in a mTOR gene. The facial features of this syndrome are triangular face with a pointed chin, frontal bossing, hypertelorism, eyes with downslanting palpebral fissures, a flat nasal bridge, a long philtrum.

Skull bossing
Skull bossing is a descriptive term in medical physical examination indicating a protuberance of the skull, most often in the frontal bones of the forehead ("frontal bossing"). Although prominence of the skull bones may be normal, skull bossing may be associated with certain medical conditions, including nutritional, metabolic, hormonal, and hematologic disorders.
KHPE
KHPE (107.9 FM, "Hope 107.9") is a commercial radio station licensed to Albany, Oregon, United States, serving the Willamette Valley. It is owned by Extra Mile Media and features a Christian Contemporary format. The studios are located on Santiam Highway SE (U.S. Route 20).

The transmitter tower is on Northwest Cardinal Drive at Nettleton Road in Lewisburg. The signal covers Corvallis, Lebanon, Salem, and Eugene–Springfield, Oregon. Programming is also heard in Eugene-Springfield on 250-watt FM translator K245AA at 96.9 MHz.

Springfield, Oregon
Springfield is a city in Lane County, Oregon, United States. Located in the Southern Willamette Valley, it is within the Eugene-Springfield metropolitan statistical area. Separated from Eugene to the west, mainly by Interstate 5, Springfield is the second-most populous city in the metropolitan area after Eugene. As of the 2020 census, the city has a total population of 61,851, making it the ninth-most populous city in Oregon.

The Briggs family first settled the Springfield area, arriving in 1848. The community was incorporated as a city in 1885. The city was named after a natural spring located in a field or prairie within the current city boundaries. For the majority of the 20th century, the economy of Springfield was largely dependent on the Oregon timber industry; since the 1990s, however, the economy has diversified, with PeaceHealth now the largest employer in the city. Public education in the city is provided by the Springfield School District.
Davidson County Solar Farm
The Davidson County Solar Farm is a  17.2 megawatt solar power station located in the heart of North Carolina, near the community of Linwood. SunEdison built the array of photovoltaic panels, and Duke Energy buys all the output from the solar farm. The solar farm is located on North Carolina Highway 47, off New Jersey Church Road.

North Carolina Highway 47
North Carolina Highway 47 (NC 47) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It travels east–west through Davidson and Randolph counties; connecting the town of Denton with nearby Lexington and Asheboro.