hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Westbrook Reformatory for Boys
The Westbrook Reformatory for Boys was a reformatory school in the town of Westbrook, in the Toowoomba Region, Queensland, in Australia. The Westbrook Reformatory was created in 1900 after the closure of earlier versions of the institution on the former prison hulk, the Proserpine, and at Lytton, Queensland. The Reformatory changed its name to the Westbrook Farm Home for Boys in 1919. Under this later name, it was the subject of a major scandal which culminated in a government inquiry. The institution was renamed twice more before its closure in 1994. Since its closure, the Westbrook institution has become known as a site of serious institutional abuse. It was described at length in the 1999 Forde Inquiry and the 2004 Forgotten Australians report.

The reformatory was located on the Toowoomba Athol Road (to the north), between the Westbrook Wyreema Road (to the West) and Althaus Road (to the east).

Institutional abuse
Institutional abuse is the maltreatment of a person (often children or older adults) from a system of power. This can range from acts similar to home-based child abuse, such as neglect, physical and sexual abuse, and hunger, to the effects of assistance programs working below acceptable service standards, or relying on harsh or unfair ways to modify behavior. Institutional abuse occurs within emergency care facilities such as foster homes, group homes, kinship care homes, and pre-adoptive homes. Children who are placed in this type of out of home care are typically in the custody of the state. The maltreatment is usually caused by an employee of the facility.
Henninger Turm
Henninger Turm (Henninger Tower) was a grain storage silo located in the Sachsenhausen-Süd district of Frankfurt, Germany. It was built by Henninger Brewery (now part of the Binding Brewery/Radeberger Group) and had a storage capacity of 16,000 tons of barley.  The 120-metre (390 ft), 33-storey, reinforced concrete tower was designed by Karl Lieser and was built from 1959 to 1961. It was inaugurated on 18 May 1961.

On top of the building was a barrel-like pod which contained a viewing platform and a revolving restaurant (originally two). In October 2002, the tower was closed to the public. From 1961 to 2008, the annual professional cycling race Rund um den Henninger-Turm was held on 1 May, the course circling the tower multiple times.

The silo and brewery campus was purchased and in 2017 was launched as residential estate with 150 high-rise apartments. The is among the tallest residential high-rises in Germany.

Dr. Oetker
Dr. Oetker (German pronunciation: [ˌdɔktoːɐ̯ ˈʔœtkɐ]) is a German multinational company that produces baking powder, cake mixes, frozen pizza, pudding, cake decoration, cornflakes, birthday candles, beer, and various other products.

The company is a wholly owned branch of the Oetker Group, headquartered in Bielefeld, Germany.
Kizunguzungu
"Kizunguzungu" (English: Dizziness) is a song by Swedish-Tanzanian singer SaRaha. The song was released in Sweden as a digital download on 20 February 2016, and was written by SaRaha along with Anderz Wrethov and Arash Labaf. It took part in Melodifestivalen 2016, and qualified to andra chansen from the third semi-final. In andra chansen, it qualified to the final. It placed ninth in the final.

Arash (singer)
Arash Labbaf (Persian: آرش لباف, pronounced [ɒːˈɾæʃ ɛ læbˈbɒːf], Azerbaijani: Arəş Ləbaf; born 23 April 1977) is an Iranian-Swedish singer, entertainer, and producer.

He represented Azerbaijan along with Aysel in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009, finishing third with the song "Always". He is also one of the judges of Persia's Got Talent, a Persian franchise of the British talent show Got Talent.
Lüdemann
Lüdemann is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Barbara Lüdemann (1922–1992), German politician

Gerd Lüdemann (1946–2021), German New Testament scholar

Hans Lüdemann (born 1961), German pianist and composer

Hermann Lüdemann (1880–1959), German politician

Mirco Lüdemann (born 1973), German professional ice hockey player

Gerd Lüdemann
Gerd Lüdemann (July 5, 1946 – May 23, 2021) was a German biblical scholar and historian. He taught first Jewish Christianity and Gnosticism at McMaster University, Canada (1977–1979) and then New Testament at Vanderbilt Divinity School, U.S.A. (1979–1982).: (Ad Personam)

In 1983, Lüdemann was appointed to the chair in New Testament Studies in the Evangelical Theological Faculty at the University of Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen), Germany, and taught New Testament until 1999. In the same year, his chair in "New Testament" was renamed "History and Literature of Early Christianity" in the Institute for Special Research (Institut für Spezialforschungen) at the university. Thus, he was removed from the professorship to train future Protestant pastors and stayed in the new department until his retirement in 2011.
HMS Trenchant
Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Trenchant:

HMS Trenchant (1916), a R-class destroyer launched in 1916 and scrapped in 1928.

HMS Trenchant (P331), a British T-class submarine launched in 1943 and scrapped in 1963.

HMS Trenchant (S91), a Trafalgar-class submarine launched in 1986, decommissioned in 2022

Trafalgar-class submarine
The Trafalgar class was a class of nuclear-powered fleet submarines (SSNs) that was in service with the Royal Navy, and the successor to the Swiftsure class. Like the majority of Royal Navy nuclear submarines, all seven boats were constructed at Barrow-in-Furness shipyard, Cumbria. The class made up part of the Royal Navy's nuclear-powered 'hunter-killer' submarine force. The Trafalgar class was replaced by the larger and more capable Astute class, of which five are in service. The name Trafalgar refers to the Battle of Trafalgar fought between the Royal Navy and the combined fleets of France and Spain in 1805.
Dupong-Krier Ministry
The Dupong-Krier Ministry took office in Luxembourg on 5 November 1937 after the resignation of the prime minister Joseph Bech, due to the result of a referendum on the so-called Maulkuerfgesetz ("muzzle law").

It was a large coalition government between the Party of the Right and the Luxembourg Workers' Party. Initially, the Liberals also participated, but Étienne Schmit died on 19 December 1937. There was then a reshuffle on 7 February 1938. There was a further reshuffle on 6 April 1940 when Victor Bodson took over the portfolio of René Blum.

During the German invasion of Luxembourg on 10 May 1940, all members of the government apart from Nicolas Margue managed to make it over the border and into exile.

Cabinet reshuffle
A cabinet reshuffle or shuffle occurs when a head of government rotates or changes the composition of ministers in their cabinet, or when the head of state changes the head of government and a number of ministers. They are more common in parliamentary systems than in systems where cabinet heads must be confirmed by a separate legislative body, and occur frequently in autocratic systems.

A shadow cabinet reshuffle may take place to change positions in a shadow cabinet.
Kshira
Kshira (Sanskrit: क्षीर, romanized: Kṣīra) is a Sanskrit word for milk. Kshira is also the archaic name for sweet rice pudding kheer, popular on the Indian subcontinent. The term kshira is used and perceived differently from commonplace milk, termed dugdha in Sanskrit. Kshira also variably refers to any liquid or watery substance.

In Hindu mythology and cosmogony, the Kshira Sagara (Sanskrit: क्षीरसागर, IAST: Kṣīra Sāgara; Tamil: Tiruppāṟkaṭal; Malayalam: Pālāḻi; Telugu: Pala Samudram) is the abode of the god Vishnu. The Vishnu Purana narrates the Samudra Manthana, or the churning of this ocean, by devas (gods) and asuras (demons) to produce sacred items including the elixir of life known as amrita.

Rice pudding
Rice pudding is a dish made from rice and milk, and commonly other ingredients such as sweeteners, spices, flavourings and sometimes eggs.

Variants are used for either desserts or dinners. When used as a dessert, it is commonly combined with a sweetener such as sugar. Such desserts are found on many continents, especially Asia, where rice is a staple. Some variants are thickened only with the rice starch, while others include eggs, making them a kind of custard.
Francis McEldowney
Francis McEldowney (born 24 April 1981) is a dual player of Gaelic games who plays Gaelic football for the Derry county team, with whom he won a National League title.

McEldowney plays his club football and hurling for Robert Emmet's Slaughtneil, with whom he won three Derry Senior Football Championship and Derry Senior Hurling Championship. His twin brother Fergal also played for Derry in the past.

Derry county football team
The Derry county football team represents Derry GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association, in the Gaelic sport of football. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Ulster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Derry's home ground is Celtic Park. The team's manager is Ciarán Meenagh.

The team last won the Ulster Senior Championship in 2023, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1993 and the National League in 2024.

The team is nicknamed the Oak Leafers.
Battle of Opsa
The Battle of Opsa took place on 26 May 1792, during the Polish-Russian War of 1792.

The battle was fought near the tiny village of Opsa, near Brasław, Grand Duchy of Lithuania (present-day Belarus), between the Russian corps of Prince Yuri Dolgorukov and the Tatar regiment of the Grand Duchy, commanded by Michał Kirkor. The battle ended in a Russian victory, as the Lithuanians were forced to retreat and the Russians occupied Brasław.

Yuri Vladimirovich Dolgorukov
Prince Prince Yuri Dolgorukov (Russian: Князь Юрий Долгуроков; November 2 (13) 1740 – 8 (20) November 1830) was a Russian general in chief and military governor of Moscow from May to November 1797, as well as the author of a set of military memoirs.
Quiateot
Quiateot is the name of a rain deity in the mythological traditions of the pre-Columbian and contact-era Nicarao people, an Indigenous grouping on the periphery of the Mesoamerican cultural area, located in present-day Nicaragua.

His father and mother are the supreme deities Omeyateite (Ometeotl) and Omeyatecigoat (Omecihuatl), respectively.

Tōnacācihuātl
In Aztec mythology, Tōnacācihuātl (Nahuatl pronunciation: [toːnakaːˈsiwaːt͡ɬ]) was a creator and goddess of fertility, worshiped for peopling the earth and making it fruitful. Most Colonial-era manuscripts equate her with Ōmecihuātl. Tōnacācihuātl was the consort of Tōnacātēcuhtli. She is also referred to as Ilhuicacihuātl or "Heavenly Lady."

Tonacacihuatl is depicted in the Codex Telleriano-Remensis.
Andrej Hrnčiar
Andrej Hrnčiar (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈandrej ˈɦr̩ntʂɪɐr]; born 10 July 1973) is a Slovak professional actor and politician, who has been serving as mayor of the city of Martin since 2006. He had been a professional actor and a restaurant and bar owner before he decided to run in the 2006 mayoral election as an independent.

Hrnčiar was elected a member of the Slovak parliament in 2012 as an independent, but was nominated by and associated with the Hungarian-minority Most-Hid party. He resigned his seat in parliament in June 2014, in order to focus on his mayoral career, and to join the newly formed political party Siet'. He became its deputy leader under Radoslav Procházka.

Martin, Slovakia
Martin (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈmartin] ⓘ; until 1951 Turčiansky Svätý Martin, Hungarian: Turócszentmárton, German: Turz-Sankt Martin, Latin: Sanctus Martinus / Martinopolis) is a city in northern Slovakia, situated on the Turiec river, between the Malá Fatra and Veľká Fatra mountains, near the city of Žilina. The population numbers approximately 54,000, which makes it the ninth-largest city in Slovakia. It is the center of the Turiec region and the District of Martin.
Turin Civic Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art
The Turin Civic Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art (Italian - Galleria civica d'arte moderna e contemporanea di Torino or GAM Torino) is an art gallery in Turin, Italy, founded in 1891-1895 and located in 31 via Magenta. With the MAO (Museo d'arte orientale), Palazzo Madama e Casaforte degli Acaja (Museo civico d'arte antica), the Borgo and the Rocca medioevali, it forms part of the Fondazione Torino Musei. The lower rooms house important reviews and a large collection of video art.

It houses the city's permanent collections of 19th and 20th century art, which consist of over 47,000 paintings, sculptures, art installations and pieces of video art. Artists represented include Antonio Canova, Giovanni Fattori, Giuseppe Pellizza da Volpedo, Antonio Mancini, Giacomo Balla, Paul Klee, Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso, Andy Warhol, Giorgio de Chirico, Lucio Fontana, Nino Franchina and Domenico Valinotti.

Giorgio de Chirico
Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico (/ˈkɪrɪkoʊ/ KIRR-ik-oh; Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo de ˈkiːriko]; 10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian artist and writer born in Greece. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. His best-known works often feature Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace.

After 1919, de Chirico became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and later worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work. In 2018, it was suggested that de Chirico may have suffered from Alice in Wonderland syndrome.
Aquia Creek sandstone
Aquia Creek sandstone is a brown to light-gray freestone used extensively in building construction in Washington, D.C. in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Quarried at Aquia Creek in Stafford County, Virginia, the stone was valuable for its ease of shaping and the quarry's proximity to the tidewater portion of the Potomac River, 45 miles (72 km) south of Washington.

The sandstone was the principal material used in such significant buildings as the White House and the early stages of the U.S. Capitol. The easy availability of the stone and its ability to be carved were offset in time by its susceptibility to weather-induced deterioration. Its best, most enduring uses were as interior decorative elements.

Aquia Church
Aquia Church is an historic church and congregation at 2938 Richmond Highway (US 1 at VA 610) in Stafford, Virginia, USA.  It is an Episcopal congregation founded in 1711, that meets in an architecturally exceptional Georgian brick building that was built in the 1750s.  The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1991 for its architectural importance. It maintains an active congregation with a variety of programs and outreach to the community.
Mallick Bari (Midnapore)
The Mallick Bari is an erstwhile Zamindari palace or rajbari located in the district of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India. At present, the rajbari is one of Midnapore's most prominent heritage sites. Constructions commenced under Midnapore's then Zamindar Janmenjay Mallick, several hundred years ago. In 1922, estate administration was taken over by the Court of Wards. Swapan Dasgupta has suggested that the estate's extent included areas of modern day Kharagpur, Debra, Moyna, Daspur, Midnapur, Narsingarh, Bhagwanpur, Patashpur, Dantan and Binpur.

Chala Style
Chala Style (Bengali: চালা শিল্পরীতি) is a style of Bengal temple architecture, that originated in Bengal from the 15th centuries. Originating as a regional style in Hindu temple architecture. The main features of this style are curved tops and cornices. Chala-style temples in West Bengal were made of mud walls and thatched roofs. But, in East Bengal (now Bangladesh) it was built with bamboo structures and thatched roofs.

Chala-style temples were built all over Bengal. But most of the temples are found in the West Bengal. In the present day, the temples are now located in two separate national territories: the Indian state of West Bengal and Bangladesh.
Alessandro Alunni Bravi
Alessandro Alunni Bravi (born 23 November 1974) is an Italian lawyer and manager, best known for being Chief Business Affairs Officer of the McLaren Driver Development Programme since 2025. Throughout his motorsports career, Alunni Bravi held the position of Team Principal and Managing Director of Trident Racing and General Counsel of ART Grand Prix and Spark Racing Technology, amongst other ventures, as well as acted as legal counsel for over twenty years.

ART Grand Prix
ART Grand Prix is a French motor racing team that competes in formula single-seaters in Europe. In 2012, it competed in the GP2 Series and GP3 Series as Lotus GP to reflect sponsorship from British sports and racing car manufacturer Lotus. The team competed as Lotus ART in 2011.
Herman Steiner
Herman Steiner (April 15, 1905 – November 25, 1955) was an American chess player, organizer, and columnist.
He won the U.S. Chess Championship in 1948 and became International Master in 1950.
Even more important than his playing career were his efforts promoting chess in the U.S., particularly on the West Coast.
An exemplar of the Romantic School of chess, Steiner was a successor to the American chess tradition of Paul Morphy, Harry Nelson Pillsbury, and Frank Marshall.

Romantic chess
Romantic chess is a style of chess popular in the 18th century until its decline in the 1880s. This style of chess emphasizes quick, tactical maneuvers rather than long-term strategic planning. Romantic players consider winning in itself to be secondary to winning with style. The Romantic era of play was followed by the Scientific, Hypermodern and New Dynamism eras.
Michael Forslund
Michael Forslund (born 22 July 1986 in Mora) is a Swedish freestyle skier, specializing in ski cross.

Forslund competed at the 2010 Winter Olympics for Sweden. He placed 21st in the qualifying round in ski cross, to advance to the knockout stages. In the first round, he finished 4th in his heat, and did not advance.

As of March 2013, his best showing at the World Championships is 15th, in 2011.

Forslund made his World Cup debut in January 2007. As of March 2013, his best World Cup finish was 4th, in 2012/13 at Nakiska. His best World Cup overall finish in ski cross is 24th, in 2010/11.

Freestyle skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Men's ski cross
The men's ski cross event in freestyle skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, took place on 21 February at the Cypress Bowl Ski Area in the Cypress Provincial Park, West Vancouver.
Heidi and Peter
Heidi and Peter (German: Heidi und Peter) is a 1955 Swiss family drama film directed by Franz Schnyder and starring Heinrich Gretler, Elsbeth Sigmund and Thomas Klameth. It is a sequel to the 1952 film Heidi and an adaptation of the 1881 second volume of the novel Heidi (Heidi kann brauchen, was es gelernt hat) by Johanna Spyri. It was the first Swiss film made in colour and was one of the biggest grossing films in Switzerland for the year.

It was shot at the Rosenhof Studios in Zurich and the Bavaria Studios in Munich. Location shooting took place around the Bernese Alps in Western Switzerland. The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Röthlisberger.

Johanna Spyri
Johanna Spyri (Swiss Standard German: [joˈhana ˈʃpiːri]; née Heusser [ˈhɔʏsər]; 12 June 1827 – 7 July 1901) was a Swiss author of novels, notably children's stories. She wrote the popular book Heidi. Born in Hirzel, a rural area in the canton of Zürich, as a child she spent several summers near Chur in Graubünden, the setting she later would use in her novels.
Bill Greensmith
William Thomas Greensmith (16 August 1930 – 15 July 2022) was a former English cricketer who played in 379 first-class matches, most of them for Essex, between 1947 and 1963. He was born in Middlesbrough, then in Yorkshire.

An all-rounder, the right-handed Greensmith usually batted in the lower middle order, and was a right-arm leg-spin and googly bowler. Without ever hitting the heights – he never scored 1000 runs in a season and nor did he ever take 100 wickets – he was an integral part of the Essex team from the start of the 1951 season through to 1963, when he was replaced in some games by Robin Hobbs and retired at the end of the season. After he retired from cricket he emigrated to Australia, where he lived until his death in 2022. At the time of his death he was Essex's oldest capped player. His daughter is fashion designer Melanie Greensmith.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Jan Floreins Altarpiece
The Jan Floreins Altarpiece or Triptych of Jan Floreins is a 1479 three-panel altarpiece, painted by Hans Memling for brother Jan Floreins of the Oud Sint-Janshospitaal in Bruges, where it still hangs as part of the collection of the Memlingmuseum.

Hans Memling
Hans Memling (also spelled Memlinc; c. 1430 – 11 August 1494) was a German-Flemish painter who worked in the tradition of Early Netherlandish painting. Born in the Middle Rhine region, he probably spent his childhood in Mainz. During his apprenticeship as a painter he moved to the Netherlands and spent time in the Brussels workshop of Rogier van der Weyden. In 1465 he was made a citizen of Bruges, where he became one of the leading artists and the master of a large workshop. A tax document from 1480 lists him among the wealthiest citizens. Memling's religious works often incorporated donor portraits of the clergymen, aristocrats, and burghers (bankers, merchants, and politicians) who were his patrons. These portraits built upon the styles which Memling learned in his youth.

He married Anna de Valkenaere sometime between 1470 and 1480, and they had three children. Memling's art was rediscovered in the 19th century,  attaining wide popularity.