hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Swansea Vale
Swansea Vale (Welsh: Bro Abertawe) is a 160-acre (0.65 km2) mixed used recent suburb development site in Swansea, Wales.  The area is bounded east by Birchgrove; south by Swansea Enterprise Park, west by the River Tawe and north by the M4 motorway.

The development is a partnership between the City and County of Swansea council and the Welsh Assembly Government and comprises a residential area (Tregof Village), a nature reserve and two business parks - Riverside Business Park and Central Business Park.

The Swansea Vale Nature Reserve consists of 6 hectares of land and is one of the few remaining areas of wetland habitat in Swansea.  The reserve consists of woodland, rivers, ponds and marsh. The reserve is viewable by the public with a boardwalk built as a loop around the reserve.

M4 motorway
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The M4, originally the London-South Wales Motorway, is the third-longest motorway in the United Kingdom, running from west London to southwest Wales. The English section to the Severn Bridge was constructed between 1961 and 1971; the Welsh element was largely complete by 1980, though a non-motorway section around Briton Ferry bridge remained until 1993. On the opening of the Second Severn Crossing in 1996, the M4 was rerouted over it.

The line of the motorway from London to Bristol runs closely in parallel with the A4. After crossing the River Severn, toll-free since December 2018, the motorway follows the A48, to terminate at the Pont Abraham services in Carmarthenshire.

The M4 is the only motorway in Wales apart from its two spurs: the A48(M) and the M48. The major towns and cities along the route—a distance of approximately 189 miles (304 km)—include Slough, Reading, Swindon, Bristol, Newport,  Cardiff, Bridgend, Port Talbot and Swansea.
Vanessa Schulz
Vanessa Schulz (born 7 August 1969) is a South African born documentary filmmaker, director, producer, writer, editor, photographer and political activist. In 1998, she established 21paradigm.com; her projects include the award-winning Cull of the Wild and Cost of Freedom.

Grande Comore
Grande Comore (French pronunciation: [ɡʁɑ̃d kɔmɔʁ]; Swahili: Ngazidja) is an island in Comoros off the coast of Africa. It is the largest island in the Comoros nation. Most of its population is of the Comorian ethnic group. Its population as of 2006 is about 316,600. The island's capital is Moroni, which is also the national capital. The island is made up of two shield volcanoes, with Mount Karthala being the country's highest point at 2,361 m (7,746 ft) above sea level. Inl line with the 2009 revision of the constitution of 2002, it is governed by an elected governor, as are the other islands, with the federal government being much reduced in power. The name Ngazidja is sometimes seen in the now nonstandard form Njazidja.
Caryospora (alveolate)
Caryospora is a genus of parasitic protozoa in the phylum Apicomplexa. The species in this genus infect birds and reptiles with the majority of described species infecting snakes. It is the third largest genus in the family Eimeriidae.

Despite the number of species in this genus, it has not been much studied.

Conophis lineatus
Conophis lineatus, also known commonly as the  road guarder and la culebra guardacaminos lineada in local Spanish, is a species of mildly venomous snake in the subfamily Dipsadinae of the family Colubridae. The species is native to southern Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. There are two recognized subspecies.
Piano Sonata No. 32 (Beethoven)
The Piano Sonata No. 32 in C minor Op. 111 is the last of Ludwig van Beethoven's piano sonatas. The work was written between 1821 and 1822. Like other late period sonatas, it contains fugal elements. It was dedicated to his friend, pupil, and patron, Archduke Rudolf.

The sonata consists of two contrasting movements. The second movement is marked as an arietta with variations. Thomas Mann called it "farewell to the sonata form". The work entered the repertoire of leading pianists only in the second half of the 19th century. Rhythmically visionary and technically demanding, it is one of the most discussed of Beethoven's works.

C major
C major is a major scale based on C, consisting of the pitches C, D, E, F, G, A, and B. C major is one of the most common keys used in music. Its key signature has  no flats or sharps. Its relative minor is A minor and its parallel minor is C minor.

The C major scale is:

These are less common and mostly used in jazz. Changes needed for the melodic and harmonic versions of the scale are written in with accidentals as necessary. The C harmonic major and melodic major scales are:

On the piano, the C major scale can be played by playing only the white keys starting on C.
Design rationale
A design rationale is an explicit documentation of the reasons behind decisions made when designing a system or artifact. As initially developed by W.R. Kunz and Horst Rittel, design rationale seeks to provide argumentation-based structure to the political, collaborative process of addressing wicked problems.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
Black Snake Moan (film)
Black Snake Moan is a 2006 American black comedy-drama film written and directed by Craig Brewer. The film stars Christina Ricci, Samuel L. Jackson, and Justin Timberlake. Its plot focuses on a Mississippi bluesman who holds a troubled local woman captive in his house in an attempt to cure her of nymphomania after finding her severely beaten on the side of a road. The title of the film derives from the 1927 Blind Lemon Jefferson song. The film draws numerous references to the Mississippi Blues movement, particularly in its title and soundtrack.

Black Snake Moan garnered mixed to positive reviews from critics, but was a box-office bomb, grossing only $10.9 million against a $15 million budget.

Delta blues
Delta blues is one of the earliest-known styles of blues. It originated in the Mississippi Delta and is regarded as a regional variant of country blues. Guitar and harmonica are its dominant instruments; slide guitar is a hallmark of the style. Vocal styles in Delta blues range from introspective and soulful to passionate and fiery.
2004 Pilot Pen Tennis
The 2004 Pilot Pen Tennis was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 22nd edition of the Pilot Pen Tennis and was part of the Tier II Series of the 2004 WTA Tour. It took place at the Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center in New Haven, United States, from August 22 through August 28, 2004. Seventh-seeded Elena Bovina won the singles title and earned $93,000 first-prize money.

Westville Music Bowl
The Westville Music Bowl is an outdoor stadium at the Cullman–Heyman Tennis Center an 8-court indoor intercollegiate tennis facility and outdoor stadium located on the campus of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.
Ngee Heng Kongsi of Johor
Ngee Heng Kongsi of Johor (Chinese: 義興公司; pinyin: Yì Xīng Gōngsī; Teochew Pêh-uē-jī: Ngĭ Heng Kong-si; 1844–1916) was a Teochew secret society that founded the earliest Chinese settlement in Johor. However, it did not have a clandestine image and has instead been accorded a respectable place in the history of the Johor Chinese. The term kongsi generally refers to any firm or partnership, and has also been used to refer to any group or society in a very broad sense. Ngee Heng is the Teochew name for the Ghi Hin or Ghee Hin, its name in Hokkien. The name identifies it as the Teochew offshoot of the Tiandihui secret society.

Teochew Min
Teochew, also known as Swatow or Teo-Swa after its two best-known dialects, is a Southern Min language spoken by the Teochew people in the Chaoshan region of eastern Guangdong and by their diaspora around the world. It is sometimes referred to as Chiuchow, its Cantonese rendering, due to English romanization by colonial officials and explorers. It is closely related to Hokkien, as it shares some cognates and phonology with Hokkien.

Teochew preserves many Old Chinese pronunciations and vocabulary that have been lost in some of the other modern varieties of Chinese. As such, Teochew is described as one of the most conservative Chinese languages.
SyberJet Aircraft
SyberJet Aircraft (SJA) is an American aircraft manufacturer. The company's headquarters is in Chandler, Arizona near the Chandler Municipal Airport with additional engineering offices and manufacturing, service, repair and fatigue test facilities near and on the San Antonio International Airport in San Antonio, Texas and offices located in Cedar City, Utah.

Originally founded as Swearingen Aircraft in 1959, the company underwent several ownership and name changes over the decades. It became Sino Swearingen Aircraft Company in 1995, and was later acquired in August 2008 by the Emirates Investment and Development Corporation, after which it was renamed Emivest Aerospace Corporation. In April 2011, the assets of Emivest Aerospace were purchased by MT, LLC of Cedar City, Utah, and the company began doing business as SyberJet Aircraft. In 2025, Trevor Milton took over leadership of SyberJet Aircraft and became its CEO.

Cedar City, Utah
Cedar City is the largest city in Iron County, Utah, United States. Located 250 miles (400 km) south of Salt Lake City, it is 170 miles (270 km) north of Las Vegas on Interstate 15. Southern Utah University is located in Cedar City. It is the home of the Utah Shakespeare Festival, the Utah Summer Games, the Simon Fest Theatre Co., and other events. As of the 2020 census the city had a population of 35,235, up from 28,857 in the 2010 census.
Vågåvatnet
Vågåvatnet is a lake located in Lom Municipality and Vågå Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The lake is part of the river Otta, which begins in Skjåk Municipality, flows into lake Vågåvatn. It then exits the Vågåvatn at the village of Vågåmo and continues its journey through the Ottadalen valley before leaving Vågå Municipality to meet the Gudbrandsdalslågen river at the town of Otta in Sel Municipality.

The 14.76-square-kilometre (5.70 sq mi) lake sits at an elevation of 362 metres (1,188 ft) above sea level. The lake is one of the 200 largest lakes in Norway.

Skjåk Municipality
Skjåk is a municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Gudbrandsdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bismo. Most of the municipal residents live in the Billingsdalen and Ottadalen valleys along the river Otta. The local newspaper is named Fjuken.

The 2,075.5-square-kilometre (801.4 sq mi) municipality is the 33rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Skjåk Municipality is the 273rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,179. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Christopher K. Hart
Christopher K. Hart was the President and Vice Chairman of First California Mortgage in Petaluma, California. Hart was responsible for restarting First Cal in 2002. His responsibilities include overseeing the general direction of the company, as well as negotiating and structuring the company’s relationship with Wall Street, secondary market investors and depository banks.

He is a licensed California real estate broker and was member of both the Fannie Mae Western Region Advisory Board and Freddie Mac Advisory Boards from 2007 to 2011.

First California Mortgage
First California Mortgage Company (First Cal) was an American mortgage lender based in Petaluma, California, that had branches in Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Nevada, Texas, and Washington until the company was closed down. First Cal provided mortgage loans in these states plus Idaho, New Mexico and Oregon, and previously provided loans in 42 U.S. states.

As of 2013, First Cal had funded more than 300,000 home loans, mostly in California, and had a Better Business Bureau rating of A−. The company no longer has a rating and appears to no longer be in business.

Prior to its shutdown, First Cal offered purchased and refinance programs with a variety of loan programs, including FHA, VA, HomePath, and jumbo loans.
Charlie Karumi
Charles Karumi Maina (born 17 August 1991), known professionally as Charlie Karumi, is a Kenyan actor and Radio (NRG Radio)/TV presenter. He has appeared in several plays, television series and films. He is best known for his role as Tony on Kenyan drama Jane and Abel and for hosting entertainment magazine show Arena 254 on K24.

Charlie was born on 17 August 1991 in Nairobi, Kenya and grew up in Uthiru. He attended Alliance high school where his love for stage was born through the school drama club.

He later joined Strathmore university for a degree in Business Information Technology and ended up kick starting his acting career. He landed his first acting role in the Kenyan TV series;Changes.

He has since featured in more films including; Lies that bind, Nairobi Half Life, Rush and Noose of Gold.

In 2015, he won the Kalasha awards for the best supporting actor for the comedy, 'Fundi-mentals'.

K24 TV
K24 TV, is a TV station in Kenya established in 2007 and launched on February 4, 2008. K24 was the first Kenyan television station to stream live on the internet, giving diaspora viewers a taste of real Kenyan stories told in real time.

K24 averages 3.1 hours of weekly watch time. It is powered by Mediamax Network Ltd, which was established in 2009 and is now one of the fastest-growing media houses in Kenya. The group owns K24 TV, the vernacular station Kameme TV, the free newspaper People Daily and several radio stations, namely: Kameme FM, Mayian FM, Emoo FM, Meru FM and Msenangu FM.
Nagai Naomasa
Nagai Naomasa (永井 尚政; 1587 – October 16, 1668) was a Japanese daimyō of the Edo period, who ruled the Uruido, Koga and Yodo Domains. The eldest son of Nagai Naokatsu, he fought at the Battle of Sekigahara and the siege of Osaka. During the Shimabara Rebellion he was assigned to defend Kyoto.

Naomasa held junior 4th court rank, lower grade (従四位下, ju shii no ge) and the title of Shinano no Kami. He retired in early 1658 and became a monk, taking the name Shinsai.

Kokushi (official)
Kokushi (国司; also read Kuni no tsukasa) were provincial officials in Classical Japan. They were nobles sent from the central government in Kyoto to oversee a province, a system that was established as part of the Taika Reform in 645, and enacted by the Ritsuryō system. There were four classes of kokushi, from the highest to the lowest: Kami (守), Suke (介), Jō (掾), and Sakan (目). In the Middle Ages, an acting governor called mokudai, the daikan of the kokushi, took over the local government of the province, while the kokushi returned to the capital to take on a supervising role.
2008 Open 13 – Doubles
Arnaud Clément and Michaël Llodra were the defending champions; however, they withdrew to due a left ankle injury for Clément.

Martin Damm and Pavel Vízner won in the final 7–6(7–0), 7–5, against Yves Allegro and Jeff Coetzee.

Jeff Coetzee
Jeff Coetzee (born 25 April 1977) is a South African professional tennis player and competes regularly on the ATP tour, as a doubles specialist.

The 5'8" player plays right-handed, double-handed on both sides and has won six ATP Tour doubles titles in his career. Coetzee plays doubles for the South Africa Davis Cup team.  When Jeff is not traveling, he resides in Florida Hills, South Africa.
Swimming at the 2011 Pan American Games – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
The men's 1500 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 2011 Pan American Games took place on October 17 and 18 at the Scotiabank Aquatics Center in the municipality of Zapopan, near Guadalajara, Mexico. The defending Pan American Games champion was Chip Peterson of the United States.

This race consisted of thirty lengths of the pool, all lengths being in freestyle.

Guadalajara metropolitan area
The Guadalajara metropolitan area (officially, in Spanish: Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara) is the most populous metropolitan area of the Mexican state of Jalisco and the third largest in the country after Greater Mexico City and Monterrey. It includes the core municipality of Guadalajara and the surrounding municipalities of Zapopan, Tlaquepaque, Tonalá, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, El Salto, Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos and Juanacatlán.
Christ Church (Owensville, Maryland)
Christ Church, or Christ Episcopal Church, West River, is an historic Carpenter Gothic style Episcopal church at Owensville, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, United States. It is a small, board-and-batten church with a long narrow nave, small deep chancel, and an entrance porch on its south side. The church is reputed to be by the noted church architect, Richard Upjohn and was at least built from his published designs of 1852.

Christ Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Richard Upjohn
Richard Upjohn (22 January 1802 – 16 August 1878) was a British-American architect who immigrated to the United States and became most famous for his Gothic Revival churches. He was partially responsible for launching the movement to popularity in the United States. Upjohn also did extensive work in and helped to popularize the Italianate style. He was a founder and the first president of the American Institute of Architects. His son, Richard Michell Upjohn, (1828-1903), was also a well-known architect and served as a partner in his continued architectural firm in New York.
November 2011 San Francisco general election
The November 2011 San Francisco general elections were held on November 8, 2011, in San Francisco, California. The elections included those for San Francisco mayor, district attorney, and sheriff, and eight ballot measures.

San Francisco Sheriff's Office
The San Francisco Sheriff's Office (SFSO), officially the City and County of San Francisco Sheriff's Office, is the sheriff's office for the City and County of San Francisco. The current sheriff is Paul Miyamoto. The department has 850 deputized personnel and support staff. The SFSO is a separate organization from the San Francisco Police Department. However, SFSO deputies and SFPD officers have all attended a POST-mandated police academy, and are duly sworn California peace officers.

The primary function of the SFSO is to operate the system of county jails where there is an average population of 2,200 inmates, and a number of individuals on supervised release programs.

The SFSO also provides security and law enforcement in the following locations in San Francisco: the civil and criminal court, City Hall, the Emergency Communications & Dispatch center, and the San Francisco General Hospital, Laguna Honda Hospital, and several public health clinics.
Syrian Cup
The Syrian Cup (Arabic: كأس سوريا) is Syria's premier knockout Cup tournament in men's football. It was first contested in 1959. Al-Ittihad SC have won the competition on 10 occasions. The final was first played in the 1960-61 season during the UAR era and was won by Al-Majd SC. The tournament has been held annually since then, except for the 1963, 1972, 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1977 seasons.

The record for consecutive wins in the competition is four titles, only two teams, Al-Karamah and Al-Fotuwa, have achieved that. Al-Ittihad are the current title holders.

United Arab Republic
The United Arab Republic (UAR; Arabic: الجمهورية العربية المتحدة, romanized: al-Jumhūriyya al-ʿArabiyya al-Muttaḥida) was a sovereign state in the Middle East from 1958 to 1971. It was initially a short-lived political union between Egypt (including Egyptian-governed Gaza) and Syria from 1958 until Syria seceded from the union following the 1961 Syrian coup d'état. Egypt continued to be known officially as the United Arab Republic until it was formally dissolved by Anwar Sadat in September 1971.

The republic was led by Gamal Abdel Nasser as the Egyptian president. The UAR was a member of the United Arab States, a loose confederation with the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, which was dissolved in 1961. It was a brief pan-Arab union.
Krumme Lutter
Krumme Lutter is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany.

The Krumme Lutter is one of the two headstreams of the Lutter in the southern Harz, north of Bad Lauterberg in the district of Göttingen. It rises below 620 m on the Aschentalshalbe and flows towards the south past the former pits Wolkenhügel and Hoher Trost, before it unites with the Grade Lutter in Kupferhütte to become the Lutter.

Harz
The Harz (German: [haːɐ̯ts] ⓘ), also called the Harz Mountains, is a highland area in northern Germany. It has the highest elevations for that region, and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The name Harz derives from the Middle High German word Hardt or Hart (hill forest). The name Hercynia derives from a Celtic name and could refer to other mountain forests, but has also been applied to the geology of the Harz. The Brocken is the highest summit in the Harz with an elevation of 1,141.1 metres (3,744 ft) above sea level. The Wurmberg (971 metres (3,186 ft)) is the highest peak located entirely within the state of Lower Saxony.
Catherine Macartney
Catherine Theodora, Lady Macartney (20 February 1876 - 13 January 1951). Catherine (née Borland) was born in Bexleyheath, Kent, England. She was the second daughter of James Borland, born 1836 in Castle Douglas, Scotland. In 1898, she married Sir George Macartney, the British Consul in Kashgar. Catherine's father  had studied in Scotland with George Macartney's father, Halliday Macartney.

Castle Douglas
Castle Douglas (Scottish Gaelic: Caisteal Dhùghlais) is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. It lies in the lieutenancy area of Kirkcudbrightshire, in the eastern part of Galloway, between the towns of Dalbeattie and Gatehouse of Fleet. It is in the ecclesiastical parish of Kelton.
HTMLDOC
HTMLDOC is a previously commercially developed open-source program that converts HTML and Markdown web pages and files to EPUB, indexed HTML, PostScript, and PDF files, complete with a table of contents. HTMLDOC can be used from the command line, a simple GUI, or from a web server. Development originally occurred through the author's now-defunct business, Easy Software Products, and now continues on the author's personal web site.

EPUB
EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the ".epub" file extension. The term is short for electronic publication and is sometimes stylized as ePUB. EPUB is supported by many e-readers, and compatible software is available for most smartphones, tablets, and computers. EPUB is a technical standard published by the International Digital Publishing Forum (IDPF). It became an official standard of the IDPF in September 2007, superseding the older Open eBook (OEB) standard.

The Book Industry Study Group endorses EPUB 3 as the format of choice for packaging content and has stated that the global book publishing industry should rally around a single standard. Technically, a file in the EPUB format is a ZIP archive file consisting of XHTML files carrying the content, along with images and other supporting files. EPUB is the most widely supported vendor-independent XML-based e-book format; it is supported by almost all hardware readers and many software readers and mobile apps.