hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Borie-Manoux
Borie-Manoux is a Bordeaux wine négociant house, and winery and wine merchant group, initially founded as Negociant Borie by Pierre Borie in Pauillac in 1870. The firm was situated in Pauillac until the late 1940s when it was moved to Bordeaux.

Borie-Manoux is completely owned by the Castéja family, with Philippe Castéja as current CEO.

Among the Borie-Manoux holdings through Héritiers Castéja are Pauillac chateaux Batailley and Lynch-Moussas and Saint-Émilion estate Château Trotte Vieille, in all ten Bordeaux chateaux as well as several other Bordeaux négociants, Loire négociant and producer holdings and a number of brand wines such as the lucrative label "Beau Rivage". Borie-Manoux has also have close ties to London wine merchant Berry Bros. & Rudd, for whom they produce the label "Good Ordinary Claret".

Bordeaux wine
Bordeaux wine (Occitan: vin de Bordèu; French: vin de Bordeaux) is produced in the Bordeaux region of southwest France, around the city of Bordeaux, on the Garonne River. To the north of the city, the Dordogne River joins the Garonne forming the broad estuary called the Gironde; the Gironde department, with a total vineyard area of 110,800 hectares, is the second largest wine-growing area in France behind the Languedoc-Rousillon.

Average vintages produce over 700 million bottles of wine, ranging from large quantities of daily table wine to some of the world's most expensive and prestigious wines. The vast majority of wine produced in Bordeaux is red (sometimes called "claret" in Britain), with sweet white wines (most notably Sauternes), dry whites, and (in much smaller quantities) rosé and sparkling wines (Crémant de Bordeaux) collectively making up the remainder. Bordeaux wine is made by more than 5,660 producers or châteaux. There are 65 appellations of Bordeaux wine.
Anthony Everitt
Anthony Everitt (born 31 January 1940) is a British author. He publishes regularly in The Guardian and The Financial Times. He worked in literature and visual arts. He was Secretary-General of the Arts Council of Great Britain. He is a visiting professor in the performing and visual arts at Nottingham Trent University. Everitt is a companion of the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts and an Honorary Fellow of the Dartington College of Arts.

Everitt has written books about Roman history, amongst which biographies of Augustus, Hadrian and Cicero and a book on The Rise of Rome. He lives in Wivenhoe near Colchester.

Everitt read English literature at the University of Cambridge.

Dartington College of Arts
Dartington College of Arts was a specialist arts college located at Dartington Hall in the south-west of England, offering courses at degree and postgraduate level together with an arts research programme. It existed for a period of almost 50 years, from its foundation in 1961, to when it closed at Dartington in 2010. A version of the College was then re-established in what became Falmouth University, and the Dartington title was subsequently dropped. The College was one of only a few in Britain devoted exclusively to specialist practical and theoretical studies in courses spanning right across the arts. It had an international reputation as a centre for contemporary practice. As well as the courses offered, it became a meeting point for practitioners and teachers from around the world. Dartington was known not only as a place for training practitioners, but also for its emphasis on the role of the arts in the wider community.
Micropterix schaefferi
Micropterix schaefferi is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae that was described by John Heath in 1975. Male Micropterix schaefferi have a wingspan of 3.8–5.1 millimetres (0.15–0.20 in), while females have a wingspan of 4.7–5.8 millimetres (0.19–0.23 in). It is known from France, Corsica, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Denmark, and Poland. Moths in this species inhabit woodlands with many beech and coniferous trees, and are also known to inhabit moist ravine forests and dry pine forests.

Ravine
A ravine is a landform that is narrower than a canyon and is often the product of streambank erosion. Ravines are typically classified as larger in scale than gullies, although smaller than valleys. Ravines may also be called a cleuch, dell, ghout (Nevis), gill or ghyll, glen, gorge, kloof (South Africa), and chine (Isle of Wight).

A ravine is generally a fluvial slope landform of relatively steep (cross-sectional) sides, on the order of twenty to seventy percent in gradient. Ravines may or may not have active streams flowing along the downslope channel which originally formed them; moreover, often they are characterized by intermittent streams, since their geographic scale may not be sufficiently large to support a perennial stream.
The Postman Always Rings Twice
The Postman Always Rings Twice may mean:

The Postman Always Rings Twice (novel), a 1934 crime novel by James M. Cain
The Postman Always Rings Twice (play), his play (1936) based on the novel
The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946 film), a drama-film noir based on the novel
The Postman Always Rings Twice (1981 film), a drama based on the novel
The Postman Always Rings Twice (opera), a 1982 opera based on the novel

The Postman Always Rings Twice (opera)
The Postman Always Rings Twice is a 1982 opera with a libretto written by Colin Graham and music by Stephen Paulus, based on the 1934  novel by James M. Cain, The Postman Always Rings Twice.

The opera was the first of four commissioned from Paulus by the Opera Theatre of St. Louis.  It opened to generally strong reviews, and prompted the critic from the New York Times, in an otherwise mixed notice, to call Paulus "a young man on the road to big things".

The opera has since been performed numerous times around the world, and Paulus composed eight more operas before his death in 2014.
Guylaine Marchand
Guylaine Marchand (born 1 June 1969) is a French adaptive rower who competes in international elite competitions. She is a World champion in mixed double sculls with Fabien Saint-Lannes, a World and European bronze medalist in the mixed coxed four. She competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in mixed coxed four but did not medal.

European Rowing Championships
The European Rowing Championships is an international rowing regatta organised by World Rowing (named FISA until 2020) for European rowing nations, plus Israel, which, though not a member of the European federation, is treated as a European nation for competition purposes.

The championships date back to 1893, the year after FISA (the International Rowing Federation) was founded. Over time, the competition grew in status and as it was not restricted to European countries, became regarded as the quasi-world championships. The World Rowing Championships were commenced in 1962 and the last European Championships were held in 1973 as from 1974, the World Championships became an annual event. The European Championships were re-introduced in 2007 but with a narrower focus on Europe.
Karasawa Genba
Karasawa Genba (唐沢 玄蕃) was a samurai of the Sengoku period, in the 16th century of the common era, who served as an important retainer of the Sanada clan.

Genba was allegedly born in Sawatari, Shinano province, and was originally an officer of Iwabitsu Castle.

Sanada Masayuki and Sanada Yukitaka were very good at persuading their opponents to defect. Their great talent in this field led them to win victories over many castles when infiltrated. Genba was one of those former enemies persuaded to defect, and thereafter went on to serve under the Sanada.

As a Sanada retainer, Genba snuck into Shiritaka Castle with his colleagues and burned it. He participated in the Battle of Nagashino in 1575. When Takeda, the lord of Sanada, lost that battle, Genba escaped and returned to his land.

In popular culture, Genba is frequently depicted as a ninja.

Shinano Province
Shinano Province (信濃国, Shinano no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [ɕiꜜ.na.no (no kɯ.ɲi), ɕi.na.noꜜ-]) or Shinshū (信州, [ɕiꜜɰ̃.ɕɯː]) is an old province of Japan that is now Nagano Prefecture.

Shinano bordered Echigo, Etchū, Hida, Kai, Kōzuke, Mikawa, Mino, Musashi, Suruga, and Tōtōmi Provinces. The ancient capital was located near modern-day Matsumoto, which became an important city of the province.

The World War II-era Japanese aircraft carrier Shinano was named after this old province.
Muhammad Zafarullah
Muhammad Zafarullah is a former professor of management science in Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, where he was the Director of the Institute of Management Sciences. He served as Pro Rector, University of Central Punjab, UCP. it was top administrative position. He is replaced by Dr. Nizammuddiun.

Bahauddin Zakariya University
Bahauddin Zakariya University (BZU) (Urdu: جامعۂ بہاءالدین زکریا) is a public university with its main campus located in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. Bahauddin Zakariya University was founded in 1975 as Multan University, and is the 2nd largest university in Punjab following University of the Punjab. It was renamed in 1979 in honour of the Punjabi Sufi saint Baha-ud-din Zakariya.

As a public sector degree awarding government university, it offers degrees in more than 60+ majors & minors courses in fields including Bio-chemistry, Pharmacy, Engineering, Humanities & Social Sciences, Business & Management Sciences, Law, Art, IT & Computing, Agriculture, Farming and Orientals (Languages & Literature).
James Pearce (American politician)
James Alfred Pearce (December 14, 1805 – December 20, 1862) was an American politician. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, representing the second district of Maryland from 1835 to 1839 and 1841 to 1843.  He later served as a U.S. senator from Maryland from 1843 until his death in 1862.

In 1850, he developed the so-called Pearce Plan, a part of Compromise of 1850. The Pearce Plan provided a solution for the boundary dispute between Texas and the Federal government. Pearce wrote a bill that granted Texas $10 million in compensation for agreeing with the state borders charted by the government. After being approved by Congress, the bill was signed by President Millard Fillmore.

Maryland's 2nd congressional district
Maryland's 2nd congressional district elects a representative to the United States House of Representatives every two years.  The district comprises parts of Carroll and Baltimore counties, as well as a sliver of Baltimore City. The seat has been represented by Johnny Olszewski of the Democratic Party since 2025.
Impy's Island
Impy's Island, or Urmel from the Ice Age (German: Urmel aus dem Eis), is a 2006 German animated feature film based on the children's novel Urmel from the Ice Age by Max Kruse. It was followed by Impy’s Wonderland (Urmel voll in Fahrt) in 2008.

Mamenchisaurus
Mamenchisaurus (/məˌmʌntʃiˈsɔːrəs/ mə-MUN-chee-SOR-əs, or spelling pronunciation /məˌmɛntʃɪˈsɔːrəs/) is an extinct genus of sauropod dinosaurs known for their remarkably long necks, which made up nearly half the total body length. Numerous species have been assigned to the genus; however, the validity of these assignments has been questioned. Fossils have been found in the Sichuan Basin and Yunnan Province in China. Several species from the Upper Shaximiao Formation, whose geologic age is uncertain, have been described. However, evidence suggests this formation to be no earlier than the Oxfordian stage of the Late Jurassic. M. sinocanadorum dates to the Oxfordian stage (161.2 to 158.7  mya), and M. anyuensis to the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous (around 114.4 mya). Most species were medium-large to large sauropods, measuring roughly 15 to 26 meters (49 to 85 ft) in length—possibly up to 35 meters (115 ft), based on two undescribed vertebrae.
Valadés
Valadés or Valades is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Delio Hernández Valadés (born 1956), Mexican politician

José Manuel Valadés (born 1953), sailor from Spain

Fernando Valades (1920–1978), Mexican composer

José Manuel Valadés
José Manuel Valades (born 15 July 1953) is a sailor from Spain. who represented his country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Busan, South Korea as crew member in the Soling. With helmsman Antonio Gorostegui and fellow crew members Jaime Monjo and Domingo Manrique they took the 17th place. Valades was due to illness replaced by Manrique after the first race.
Murder Is My Business
Murder Is My Business is a 1946 American action film directed by Sam Newfield and written by Fred Myton. It is based on the 1940 novel The Uncomplaining Corpses by Brett Halliday. The film stars Hugh Beaumont, Cheryl Walker, Lyle Talbot, George Meeker, Pierre Watkin, and Richard Keene. The film was released on March 7, 1946, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

Fred Myton
Fred Myton (November 15, 1885 – June 6, 1955) was an American screenwriter. He wrote 168 films between 1916 and 1952, mostly low-budget "B" pictures for Poverty Row studios and independent producers. He wrote many films for Producers Releasing Corporation.
Electoral district of Kyneton Boroughs
Kyneton Boroughs was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria from 1856 to 1889. It included the towns of Kyneton, Malmsbury, Taradale, Carlsruhe and Woodend.
It was superseded in 1889 by the Electoral district of Kyneton.

The district of Kyneton Boroughs was one of the initial districts of the first Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1856.

Woodend, Victoria
Woodend (/wʊdˈɛnd/) is a town in Victoria, Australia. The town is in the Shire of Macedon Ranges local government area and is bypassed to the east and north by the Calder Freeway (M79), located about halfway between Melbourne and Bendigo. At the 2021 census, Woodend had a population of 6,732.
The Voyage of the Mimi
The Voyage of the Mimi is a thirteen-episode American educational television program depicting the crew of the ship Mimi exploring the ocean and taking a census of humpback whales. The series aired on PBS (Public Broadcasting Service) and was created by the Bank Street College of Education in 1984 to teach middle-schoolers about science and mathematics in an interesting and interactive way, where every lesson related to real world applications. Its budget was 3.65 million dollars.

Each video segment has accompanying student and teacher handouts or worksheets. Four software modules are available that covered topics and skills in navigation and map reading, computer literacy and programming, the elements of ecosystems, and the natural environment of whales.

The series was later released on VHS and as a LaserDisc collection. In August 2014, the series was released in digital form via iTunes U.

Iroise Sea
Iroise (/ɪˈrwɑːz/) or the Iroise Sea (French: mer d'Iroise [iʁwɑz]; Breton: An Hirwazh) is the part of the Atlantic Ocean which stretches from the Ile de Sein to Ushant off the coast of Brittany in north-western France. It is contained within the Celtic Sea, bordering the remainder of the Celtic Sea to the north and west, and the Bay of Biscay to the south. It is one of the most dangerous seas in Europe for sea-going vessels. In winter, there are often violent storms with huge waves. It is also one of the richest areas for marine life and was designated as one of UNESCO's biosphere reserves in 1988 and as France's first marine park in October 2007.
Christopher Osondu
Navy Captain Christopher Osondu was appointed Military Administrator of Cross River State, Nigeria  in August 1998  during the transitional regime of General Abdulsalami Abubakar, handing over power to the elected civilian governor Donald Duke in May 1999.
Shortly after, he was retired by the Federal Government, along with all other former military ministers, governors and administrators.

In November 2001, he was elected Vice Chairman (North) of the People's Democratic Party (PDP) in Abia State.
In December 2002 he left the PDP.
In the 2003 elections he was a senatorial candidate of the National Democratic Party (NDP) in Abia North.

Donald Duke
Donald Duke listenⓘ (born 30 September 1961 in Calabar) is a Nigerian politician. He was the Governor of Cross River State, Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007. He is currently a member of the African Democratic Congress (ADC) and was the 2019 Nigeria Presidential candidate for Social Democratic Party, SDP.
Jimmy Jeggo
James Alexander Jeggo (/ˈdʒɛɡoʊ/ JEG-oh; born 12 February 1992) is a retired Australian professional soccer player who played as a central midfielder for A-League Men club Melbourne City. Born in Austria, he plays for the Australia national team. Jeggo moved to Australia as a child, where he started his footballing career in youth football with Green Gully and at the Victorian Institute of Sport before making his professional debut for Melbourne Victory.

Green Gully SC
Green Gully Soccer Club is an Australian association football club based in Melbourne, Victoria. Green Gully is one of the largest clubs in Melbourne, having participated in the now defunct National Soccer League between 1984 and 1986. The club currently competes in the National Premier Leagues Victoria, with matches played at Green Gully Reserve in Keilor Downs, Victoria. Green Gully have won the Victorian state league title nine times, second only to South Melbourne FC with ten. 
It is one of seven state league teams to eliminate an A-League team in the FFA Cup, alongside Blacktown City FC, Heidelberg United FC, Redlands United FC, Adelaide City FC, Bentleigh Greens SC and APIA Leichhardt FC.
1987 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 1987 Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council election took place on 7 May 1987 to elect members of Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council in England. This election was held on the same day as other local elections.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

1987 United Kingdom local elections
The 1987 United Kingdom local elections were held on Thursday 7 May 1987. It was the first time since 1983 that the Conservatives had enjoyed the largest share of the vote in local council elections.

Soon after the elections, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher called a general election which resulted in a second successive Conservative landslide, although Labour managed to cut the government's overall majority, while the Alliance endured another disappointing performance and was soon disbanded as the SDP and Liberals agreed on a merger the following year.

The number of councillors was somewhat reduced from the previous year.  The Conservatives lost 75 seats, Labour lost 234 and the Liberal-SDP Alliance gained 669.
Corner of Eden
Corner of Eden is the eighth studio album by Christian singer-songwriter Kathy Troccoli, released on October 13, 1998, on Reunion Records. The album won a Dove Award for Inspirational Album of the Year given to Troccoli and the album's producer Nathan DiGesare at the 30th GMA Dove Awards. Corner of Eden peaked at number 17 on the Top Christian Albums and number 26 on the Heatseekers Albums charts in Billboard magazine.

30th GMA Dove Awards
The 30th Annual GMA Dove Awards were held on March 24, 1999, recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 1998. The show was held at the Nashville Arena in Nashville, Tennessee, and was hosted by John Tesh.
Radical 52
Radical 52 or radical short thread (幺部) meaning "short" or "tiny" is one of the 31 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of three strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 50 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

幺 is also the 59th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
The Modulations
The Modulations were an American R&B vocal group from Durham, North Carolina consisting of singer-songwriters Larry Allen, Larry Duncan, Hoyle Saunders and Henry Channelle. The other group of Modulations that sung with Glenn Jones are not affiliated with this group. The group from the Bull City, Durham's nickname, had some success with the singles "I'm Hopelessly in Love" (1973) and "I Can't Fight Your Love" (1974), both of which were included on the Modulations' self-produced album, It's Rough Out Here, released in '75 and featuring arrangements by Vince Montana, Norman Harris, and Ronnie Baker and instrumentation by members of MFSB. The album was later reissued in Japan and the UK.

MFSB
MFSB, officially standing for "Mother Father Sister Brother", was a pool of more than 30 studio musicians based at Philadelphia's Sigma Sound Studios. They worked closely with the production team of Gamble and Huff and producer/arranger Thom Bell, and backed up Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes, the O'Jays, the Stylistics, the Spinners, Wilson Pickett, and Billy Paul.

In 1972, MFSB began recording as a named act for the Philadelphia International label. "TSOP (The Sound of Philadelphia)", also known as the Soul Train theme, was their second and most successful single. Released in March 1974, it peaked at number one on the US Billboard pop and R&B charts. "TSOP" was influential in establishing the disco sound. The track sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA in April 1974.
Minimal infective dose
The concept of a minimal infective dose (MID), also known as the infectious dose, has traditionally been used for infectious microorganisms that contaminate foods. MID was defined as the number of microorganisms ingested (the dose) from which a pathology is observed in the consumer. For example, to cause gastrointestinal disorders, the food must contain more than 100,000 Salmonella per gram or 1000 per gram for salmonellosis. however, some viruses like DHBV( duck hepatitis B virus) can cause infections with a single viral particle. To know the dose ingested, it is also necessary to know the mass of the portion. This may be calculated using the following formula:

where:

= number of bacteria i.e. dose

= concentration of bacteria

= mass

This formulation has served as a basis for reasoning to establish the maximum concentrations permitted by the microbiological regulatory criteria intended to protect the health of consumers.

Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most frequently refers to solutes and solvents in solutions. The molar (amount) concentration has variants, such as normal concentration and osmotic concentration. Dilution is reduction of concentration, e.g., by adding solvent to a solution. The verb "to concentrate" means to increase concentration, the opposite of dilute.