hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jeremiah Travis
Jeremiah Travis (January 21, 1830 – April 27, 1911) was a Canadian politician and attorney. He was a member of the 1st Council of the Northwest Territories in the 1880s, serving as stipendiary magistrate. He was an attorney and judge. Travis was born at Indiantown, a neighbourhood of present-day Saint John, New Brunswick. Travis graduated from Harvard University in 1866, and was awarded the law school's foremost prize for dissertations.

1st Council of the North-West Territories
The 1st Council of the North-West Territories, also known as the North-West Council in Canada, lasted from October 7, 1876, to 1888. It was created as a permanent replacement to the Temporary North-West Council which existed prior to 1876.

A 2nd Council of the North-West Territories was elected in 1888. It was replaced in 1891 by the 1st North-West Assembly when the quota of elected members was reached.

(A different 2nd Council of the Northwest Territories (1905-1951) was created in 1905, when the NWT lost most of its population, to differentiate the new one from the two legislative councils of the NWT that had existed 1876 to 1891.)
Ban Thung Pho Junction railway station
Ban Thung Pho Junction railway station is a railway station located in Phunphin Subdistrict, Phunphin District, Surat Thani. Ban Thung Pho Junction is a class 2 railway station, located 631.0 km from Thon Buri railway station. Ban Thung Pho Junction acts as the railway junction between the Southern Line mainline and the Khiri Rat Nikhom Branch. This is also the location of a container yard for freight trains.

The station opened in July 1916, as part of the Chumphon–Ban Na section. The section to Khiri Rat Nikhom opened in April 1956.

Ban Na railway station
Ban Na station (Thai: สถานีบ้านนา) is a railway station located in Ban Na Subdistrict, Ban Na Doem District, Surat Thani. It is a class 2 railway station located 662.347 km (411.6 mi) from Thon Buri railway station.
Arts in education
Arts in education is an expanding field of educational research and practice informed by investigations into learning through arts experiences. In this context, the arts can include Performing arts education (dance, drama, music), literature and poetry, storytelling, Visual arts education in film, craft, design, digital arts, media and photography. It is distinguished from art education by being not so much about teaching art, but focused on:

how to improve learning through the arts

how to transfer learning in and through the arts to other disciplines

discovering and creating understanding of human behavior, thinking, potential, and learning especially through the close observation of works of art and various forms of involvement in arts experiences

Performing arts education
Education in the performing arts is a key part of many primary and secondary education curricula and is also available as a specialisation at the tertiary level. The performing arts, which include, but are not limited to dance, music and theatre, are key elements of culture and engage participants at a number of levels.

The endpoint for performing arts education varies: some educators integrate arts into school classrooms to support other curricula while simultaneously building students' art skills, and some focus on performing arts as an academic discipline in itself.
Ribes colandina
Ribes colandina is a species of currant found only in Peru. Ribes colandina differs from Ribes andicola in uniformly dark red flowers (petals red, not orange-yellow as in R. andicola), black instead of yellow fruits and wider, more deeply lobed leaves.

Department of Lambayeque
Lambayeque (Spanish pronunciation: [lambaˈʝeke]; Quechua: Lampalliqi) is a department of Peru. Located in the country's northwest, it is known for its rich Moche and Chimú historical past. It is the second-smallest department in Peru after Tumbes, but it is also its most densely populated department and its eighth most populous department. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Chiclayo.
National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology
22°45′16″N 120°20′0″E﻿ / ﻿22.75444°N 120.33333°E﻿ / 22.75444; 120.33333

National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology (NKFUST; Chinese: 國立高雄第一科技大學) was a national university in Nanzih District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It was colloquially known as Gaokeda (高科大, Pinyin Gaōkēdà) or Gaoxiongkeda (高雄科大, Pinyin Gaōxióngkēdà). Its campus is on 750,000 m2. In 2018, NKFUST merged with National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences (KUAS) and National Kaohsiung Marine University (NKMU) to form National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (NKUST).

The university consisted of the colleges of Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Management, Finance and Banking and Foreign Languages with 15 departments and 27 graduate institutes. It housed approximately 269 teachers and enrolled about 7,804 students.

National Kaohsiung Marine University
National Kaohsiung Marine University (NKMU; Chinese: 國立高雄海洋科技大學) was a university in Nanzih District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The current total number of students is 8,000. In 2018, it has been merged into the "Nanzih Campus" and "Cijin Campus" of National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology.
Dividends received deduction
The dividends-received deduction (or "DRD"), under U.S. federal income tax law, is a tax deduction received by a corporation on the dividends it receives from other corporations in which it has an ownership stake.

Tax deduction
A tax deduction is an amount deducted from taxable income, usually based on expenses such as those incurred to produce additional income. Tax deductions are a form of tax incentives, along with exemptions and tax credits. The difference between deductions, exemptions, and credits is that deductions and exemptions both reduce taxable income, while credits reduce tax.
2018 Vuelta a Burgos
The 2018 Vuelta a Burgos was a men's road bicycle race which was held from 7 August to 11 August 2018. It is the 40th edition of the Vuelta a Burgos stage race, which was established in 1946. The race was rated as a 2.HC event and forms part of the 2018 UCI Europe Tour. The race was made up of five stages. Iván Sosa of Androni Giocattoli–Sidermec won the race.

GW Erco Shimano
GW Erco Shimano (UCI team code: GES) is a Colombian-registered UCI Continental cycling team that participates in road bicycle racing events on the UCI Continental Circuits. Prior to 2023, the team was based in Italy and held UCI ProTeam status. Gianni Savio manages the team, with assistance from directeurs sportifs Giovanni Ellena, Antonio Castano, Didier Paindaveine and Marco Bellini.

In 2022, with the arrival of a new sponsor — Drone Hopper (an aeronautical engineering company based in Spain) — the team has received a new name Drone Hopper–Androni Giocattoli.
Ozzie Guillén
Oswaldo José Guillén Barrios (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡiˈʎen]; born January 20, 1964) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball player and current manager of the Tigres de Aragua of the Venezuelan League. He played in Major League Baseball as a shortstop from 1985 to 2000, most prominently as a member of the Chicago White Sox where he won the American League Rookie of the Year Award as well as a Gold Glove Award. A three-time All-Star player, Guillén was considered one of the best defensive shortstops of his era. He later managed the Chicago White Sox from 2004 to 2011, winning the World Series in 2005 and then moving to the Miami Marlins in 2012.

As a player, Guillén was known for his passion, speed, hustle, intensity, defensive abilities and his ebullient love for the game. In 2005, Guillen became the first Latino manager in major league history to win a World Series when he captained the Chicago White Sox to their first championship in 88 years.

Venezuelans
Venezuelans (Spanish: venezolanos) are the citizens identified with the country of Venezuela. This connection may be through citizenship, descent or cultural. For most Venezuelans, many or all of these connections exist and are the source of their Venezuelan citizenship or their bond to Venezuela.

Venezuela is a diverse and multilingual country, home to a melting pot of people of distinct origins. As a result, many Venezuelans do not regard their nationality with ethnicity, but with citizenship or allegiance. From the 1820s to 1930s Venezuela received 2.1 million European immigrants, the third most in Latin America, behind Argentina and Brazil.
Buttons (pantomime)
Buttons is a traditional character in Cinderella pantomimes, and is commonly portrayed in Cinderella pantomimes throughout the UK and Australia. He is typically a male servant of the household who helps Cinderella and loves her, and who is liked and trusted but not loved by her.  The character has sometimes been called Pedro.

The character first appeared in 1860 at the Strand Theatre, London in a version of the story derived from the opera La Cenerentola by Rossini.  Rossini includes a character Dandini as assistant to the Prince, which was also included, and a complementary character for Cinderella, called Buttoni was added for the pantomime at this time.  'Buttons' was at that time a name for a young male servant or pageboy commonly having gilt buttons down the front of his jacket.

While the character introduces a note of pathos in his unrequited love for Cinderella, he is often portrayed in a comic tone.

Page (servant)
A page or page boy is traditionally a young male attendant or servant, but may also have been a messenger in the service of a nobleman.

During wedding ceremonies, a page boy is often used as a symbolic attendant to carry the rings.
Milton M. Holland
Milton Murray Holland (August 1, 1844 – May 15, 1910) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War and a recipient of America's highest military decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions at the Battle of Chaffin's Farm.

Athens, Ohio
Athens is a city in Athens County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 23,849 at the 2020 United States census.  Located along the Hocking River within Appalachian Ohio about 65 miles (105 km) southeast of Columbus, Athens is best known as the home of Ohio University, a large public research university with an undergraduate and graduate enrollment of more than 21,000 students. It is the principal city of the Athens micropolitan area.
FIPS 140
The 140 series of Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are U.S. government computer security standards that specify requirements for cryptographic modules.

As of October 2020, FIPS 140-2 and FIPS 140-3 are both accepted as current and active. FIPS 140-3 was approved on March 22, 2019 as the successor to FIPS 140-2 and became effective on September 22, 2019. FIPS 140-3 testing began on September 22, 2020, and a small number of validation certificates have been issued. FIPS 140-2 testing is still available until September 21, 2021 (later changed for applications already in progress to April 1, 2022), creating an overlapping transition period of one year. FIPS 140-2 test reports that remain in the CMVP queue will still be granted validations after that date, but all FIPS 140-2 validations will be moved to the Historical List on September 21, 2026 regardless of their actual final validation date.

Power analysis
Power analysis is a form of side channel attack in which the attacker studies the power consumption of a cryptographic hardware device. These attacks rely on basic physical properties of the device: semiconductor devices are governed by the laws of physics, which dictate that changes in voltages within the device require very small movements of electric charges (currents). By measuring those currents, it is possible to learn a small amount of information about the data being manipulated.

Simple power analysis (SPA) involves visually interpreting power traces, or graphs of electrical activity over time.  Differential power analysis (DPA) is a more advanced form of power analysis, which can allow an attacker to compute the intermediate values within cryptographic computations through statistical analysis of data collected from multiple cryptographic operations.  SPA and DPA were introduced to the open cryptography community in 1998 by Paul Kocher, Joshua Jaffe and Benjamin Jun.
Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.

Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, and also known as viscous force, is a force acting opposite to the direction of motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid. This can exist between two fluid layers, or between a fluid and a solid surface. Drag forces tend to decrease fluid velocity relative to the solid object in the fluid's path.

Unlike other resistive forces, drag force depends on velocity. Drag force is proportional to the relative velocity for low-speed flow and is proportional to the velocity squared for high-speed flow. This distinction between low and high-speed flow is measured by the Reynolds number.
European Business School London
European Business School London (EBS London) was a private business school in Regent's Park, Central London, England. It was a constituent school of Regent's College London, which became Regent's University London in 2013.

EBS London offered courses in the field of International Business Management and had a strong focus on Banking and Finance, reflected by the fact that a third of its graduates pursued a career in that field. Besides its focus on teaching, the university had a long-standing commitment to research, offering MPhil and PhD degrees.

Around 900 students from more than 85 nationalities made the School highly international. It also had as strong focus on languages, with 70% of its graduates being fluent in at least four languages.
EBS has a strong representation of all nations especially Russian, Spanish, Italian and French.

Central London
Central London is the innermost part of London, in England, spanning the City of London and several boroughs. Over time, a number of definitions have been used to define the scope of Central London for statistics, urban planning and local government. Its characteristics are understood to include a high-density built environment, high land values, an elevated daytime population and a concentration of regionally, nationally and internationally significant organisations and facilities.

Road distances to London are traditionally measured from a central point at Charing Cross (in the City of Westminster), which is marked by the statue of King Charles I at the junction of the Strand, Whitehall and Cockspur Street, just south of Trafalgar Square.
Friulians
Friulians, also called Friulans or Furlans (Friulian: Furlans, Italian: Friulani, Slovene: Furlani), are an ethnolinguistic minority living primarily in Italy, with a significant diaspora community.

Friulians primarily inhabit the region of Friuli and speak the Rhaeto-Romantic language Friulian, which is closely related to Ladin, spoken primarily in South Tyrol/Alto Adige, and Romansh, native to the Canton of Grisons in Switzerland.

Ladin language
Ladin (/ləˈdiːn/ lə-DEEN, UK also /læˈdiːn/ la-DEEN; autonym: ladin; Italian: ladino; German: Ladinisch) is a Romance language of the Rhaeto-Romance subgroup, mainly spoken in the Dolomite Mountains in Northern Italy in the provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino, and Belluno, by the Ladin people. It exhibits similarities to Romansh, which is spoken in Switzerland, as well as to Friulian, which is spoken in northeast Italy.

The precise extent of the Ladin language area is a subject of scholarly debate. A narrower perspective includes only the dialects of the valleys around the Sella group, while wider definitions comprise the dialects of adjacent valleys in the Province of Belluno and even dialects spoken in the northwestern Trentino.

A standard variety of Ladin (Ladin Dolomitan) has been developed by the Office for Ladin Language Planning as a common communication tool across the whole Ladin-speaking region.
Michel Auclair
Michel Auclair (born Vladimir Vujović, Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Вујовић; 14 September 1922 – 7 January 1988) was an actor of Serbian and French ancestry, known best for his roles in French cinema.

Auclair was born to a Serbian father (born in Požarevac, Serbia) and a French mother in Koblenz. His father was Vojislav Vujović, prominent Yugoslav Communist and secretary of the Communist Youth International. Auclair moved to Paris when he was three years old.
He entered medical school but then studied acting at the CNSAD in Paris.

While a major French star, he only had two English-language roles: as Professor Flostre in the 1957 musical Funny Face with Audrey Hepburn and Fred Astaire, and as a French police investigator in Day of the Jackal (1973) with Edward Fox.

Koblenz
Koblenz (UK: /koʊˈblɛnts/ koh-BLENTS, US: /ˈkoʊblɛnts/ KOH-blents, German: [ˈkoːblɛnts] ⓘ; Moselle Franconian: Kowelenz) is a city in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, on the banks of the rivers Rhine (Middle Rhine) and Moselle, a multinational tributary.

Koblenz was established as a Roman military post by Drusus c. 8 BC. Its name originates from the Latin (ad) cōnfluentēs, meaning "(at the) confluence". The actual confluence is today known as the "German Corner", a symbol of the unification of Germany that features an equestrian statue of Emperor William I. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in 1992.

The city ranks as the third-largest city by population in Rhineland-Palatinate, behind Mainz and Ludwigshafen am Rhein, with 115,298 residents (as of 2023). Koblenz lies in a narrow flood plain between high hill ranges, some reaching mountainous height, and is served by an express rail and autobahn network. It is part of the populous Rhineland.
Lewer
Lewer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Lewer (born 1971), British politician

David Lewer (1919–2005), English author, architect, historian, and choral musician

Ethel Harriet Comyns-Lewer (1861–1946), British ornithologist and periodical editor, publisher and owner

John D. Lewer (1886-1943), American businessman, farmer, and politician

Richard Lewer (born 1970), Australian artist

Ethel Harriet Comyns-Lewer
Ethel Harriet Comyns-Lewer (née Garrett, (1861-01-28)28 January 1861 – (1946-02-08)8 February 1946) was a British ornithologist, periodical publisher and editor. Her work Feathered World would lead her to be the first women editor, owner and/or publisher outside of the traditional 'Woman's' magazine sphere.
Tomas Holmström
Bengt Tomas Holmström (pronounced [ˈtʊ̌mːas ˈhɔ̂lːmstrœm]; born 23 January 1973) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey left winger who played his entire National Hockey League (NHL) career with the Detroit Red Wings, with whom he won four Stanley Cup championships; in 1997, 1998, 2002 and 2008.

During his playing career, Holmström was widely considered one of the NHL's best at screening the opposition's goaltender, as well as for his physical presence in front of the opposition's net.

Screen (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, a screen is obstruction by a player of the goaltender's view of the puck. The word can also be used as a verb, commonly "don't screen the goaltender", or "the goalie was screened". Screens can be both planned, as when an attacking forward positions himself in front of the net, or accidental, like when a defensemen accidentally blocks the goaltender's view. Attacking players may attempt to take advantage of a screen by taking a shot, which is more difficult for the opposing goaltender to save if he is being screened.
Neston Park
Neston Park is an English country house and estate in the village of Neston, some 2 miles (3 km) south of Corsham, Wiltshire. The name of the village of Neston is derived from the name of the house.

The present house dates from 1790 and has been extended several times since then. It is ashlar-built in two storeys (three storeys at rear) with a frontage of eight bays, and is Grade II* listed.

The grounds of the house contain farmland: the estate extends from north of Neston village, southwards beyond Atworth, to South Wraxall, and includes the certified organic home farm with a herd of Jersey cattle and unusual Aberdeen Angus and Jersey cross-bred cattle. The route of the ancient Roman road from London to Bath crosses the home farm from east to west, about 200 metres (700 feet) south of the house.
The local portion of the road is sometimes known as the Wansdyke.

Jersey cattle
The Jersey is a British breed of small dairy cattle from Jersey, in the British Channel Islands. It is one of three Channel Island cattle breeds, the others being the Alderney – now extinct – and the Guernsey. The milk is high in butterfat and has a characteristic yellowish tinge.

The Jersey adapts well to various climates and environments, and unlike many breeds originating in temperate climates, tolerates heat well. It has been exported to many countries of the world; in some of them, including Denmark, France, New Zealand and the United States, it has developed into an independent breed.: 212  In Nepal, it is used as a draught animal.: 212
Roger Guérin
Roger Guérin (French pronunciation: [ʁɔʒe ɡeʁɛ̃]; 9 January 1926, Saarbrücken – 6 February 2010, Nîmes) was a French jazz trumpeter and singer.

Initially a violinist, Guérin studied trumpet and cornet at the Paris Conservatory and won a first prize there as a teenager.

He began working professionally in 1947, playing with Aimé Barelli, Django Reinhardt, Don Byas, Hubert Fol, James Moody, Benny Golson, Bernard Peiffer, Fats Sadi, Lucky Thompson, Kenny Clarke, Blossom Dearie, Martial Solal, Michel Legrand and André Hodeir.

Guérin played at the 1958 Newport Jazz Festival with a youth ensemble, and played in Les Double Six in 1959, later returning to this group. He replaced Clark Terry in Quincy Jones's Big Band in 1960. He worked on the soundtrack to the film Paris Blues in 1961 with Duke Ellington. He worked extensively as a vocalist for Michel Legrand.

Guérin has over 150 album credits to his name. He won the Prix Django Reinhardt in 1959.

Prix Django Reinhardt
The Prix Django Reinhardt is an award granted by the French Académie du Jazz to the best French jazz musician of the year. It is named after Django Reinhardt. The prize is determined by a jury of jazz journalists, producers, and musicians.

In 2006 the double CD 50 ans Prix Django Reinhardt (with booklet) was released for the prize's 50th anniversary.