hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.

United States Chamber of Commerce
The United States Chamber of Commerce (USCC) is a business association advocacy group and is the largest lobbying group in the United States. The group was founded in April 23, 1912, out of local chambers of commerce at the urging of President William Howard Taft and his secretary of commerce and labor Charles Nagel. President Taft's belief was that the "government needed to deal with a group that could speak with authority for the interests of business."

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce claims to represent three million small business owners, but this claim is disputed because the organization is funded primarily by the largest corporations in the United States.

The current president and CEO of the Chamber is Suzanne Clark. She worked for the group from 1997 to 2007 and returned in 2014, holding multiple executive roles before being named its first female CEO in February 2021.
Kechewaishke
Chief Buffalo (Ojibwe: Ke-che-waish-ke/Gichi-weshkiinh – "Great-renewer" or Peezhickee/Bizhiki – "Buffalo"; also French, Le Boeuf) (1759? – September 7, 1855) was a major Ojibwa leader, born at La Pointe in Lake Superior's Apostle Islands, in what is now northern Wisconsin, USA.

Recognized as the principal chief of the Lake Superior Chippewa (Ojibwa) for nearly a half-century until his death in 1855, he led his nation into a treaty relationship with the United States Government. He signed treaties in 1825, 1826, 1837, 1842, 1847, and 1854. He was instrumental in resisting the United States' efforts to remove the Ojibwa to western areas and secured permanent Indian reservations for his people near Lake Superior in what is now Wisconsin.

Tribal chief
A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a political leader of a social group commonly described as a tribe, band, or confederation of tribes. Chiefs’ authority varies widely by society and context, and in many cases depends on consensus and customary legitimacy rather than coercive power. In anthropology, terms such as tribe, chief, and chiefdom have been used in comparative models of sociopolitical organization, but the analytic use of tribe has also been widely criticized as imprecise and historically burdened. In some contemporary states, forms of chiefly authority are formally recognized or regulated by constitutions and statutes.
Government of Amsterdam
The Government of Amsterdam consists of several territorial and functional forms of local and regional government. The principal form of government is the municipality of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The municipality's territory covers the city of Amsterdam as well as a number of small towns. The city of Amsterdam is also part of several functional forms of regional government. These include the Waterschap (water board) of  Amstel, Gooi en Vecht, which is responsible for water management, and the Stadsregio (City Region) of Amsterdam, which has responsibilities in the areas of spatial planning and public transport.

The municipality of Amsterdam borders the municipalities of Diemen, De Ronde Venen, Ouder-Amstel, Amstelveen, Stichtse Vecht, Wijdemeren and Hilversum in the south, Haarlemmermeer in the west, and Zaanstad, Oostzaan, Landsmeer and Waterland in the north.

Weesp has been an urban area of the municipality of Amsterdam since 24 March 2022.

Amsterdam regional transport authority
The Amsterdam regional transport authority (Dutch: Vervoerregio Amsterdam) is an administrative partnership of 14 municipalities in the province of North Holland, comprising and located around Amsterdam. It was called the City Region of Amsterdam (Dutch: Stadsregio Amsterdam) until 31 December 2016.
Robert Garrett (basketball)
Robert Garrett (born 18 March 1977) is a former German professional basketball player from Ochsenfurt, Bavaria. From 1996 to 2002, Garrett played with DJK Würzburg, where he was a teammate of Dirk Nowitzki until Nowitzki’s 1998 departure to the NBA. Before transferring to Bayern Munich, he played for the Brose Baskets of the 1st Division. He is 1.92 m (6 ft 3 ¾ in) in height and weighs 98 kg (215 pounds). Garrett was also a member of the German national basketball team. He competed at the 2008 Olympic Games.

FC Bayern Munich (basketball)
FC Bayern München Basketball GmbH, commonly referred to as Bayern Munich, is a professional basketball club, a part of the FC Bayern Munich sports club, based in Munich, Germany. The club competes domestically in the Basketball Bundesliga (BBL) and internationally in the EuroLeague. The club has won six German Championships, and five German Cups in its history.

Founded in 1946, Bayern's basketball section had early success in the 1950s and 1960s, before mostly disappearing from the national first level in the following three decades. The team had a resurgence in 2010s and has since been among Germany's best teams, as well as a EuroLeague regular.

Bayern plays its domestic home games at BMW Park, which was opened in 1972, while international games are played at the SAP Garden, which opened in 2024.

FC Bayern Munich Basketball also has a reserve team that plays in German third-tier level ProB.
Hajnalka Burány
Hajnalka Burány (Serbian: Хајналка Бурањ, romanized: Hajnalka Buranj; born 30 March 1980) is a Serbian politician from the country's Hungarian community. She has been the mayor of Senta since July 2024 and previously served in the Vojvodina provincial assembly on an almost uninterrupted basis from 2020 to 2024. Burány is a member of the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians (VMSZ).

Assembly of Vojvodina
The Assembly of Vojvodina (Serbian: Скупштина Војводине, romanized: Skupština Vojvodine), formally the Assembly of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Serbian: Скупштина Аутономне Покрајине Војводине, romanized: Skupština Autonomne Pokrajine Vojvodine), is the legislative body of Vojvodina, an autonomous province of Serbia.

The assembly is composed of 120 deputies who are proportionally elected to four-year terms by secret ballot. The current assembly was elected in 2023 provincial elections. The assembly elects a president (speaker) who presides over the sessions, currently Juhász Bálint of the Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians.
Cyril J. Cahill
Cyril Joseph Cahill (February 22, 1883 – after 1933) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He represented Harbour Main in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1924 to 1928.

The son of Patrick Cahill and Bridget Burke, he was born in St. Pierre, Newfoundland and was educated at Saint Bonaventure's College. He articled with Frank Lilly, was called to the Newfoundland bar in 1908 and set up practice in St. John's. Cahill was an agent for Fidelity (Fire) Underwriters of New York and Newfoundland manager for the Crown Life Insurance Company of Canada. From 1921 to 1924, Cahill was Newfoundland state deputy for the Knights of Columbus. He was elected to the Newfoundland assembly in 1924. The Cahill family moved to Placentia in 1933, living briefly inside the O'Reilly House.

In 1912, Cahill married Mary Fitzpatrick.

His son Tom became a playwright, television producer, and screenwriter.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
Albemarle County, Virginia
Albemarle County is located in the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Its county seat is Charlottesville, which is an independent city entirely surrounded by the county. Albemarle County is part of the Charlottesville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,395.

Albemarle County was created in 1744 from the western portion of Goochland County, though portions of Albemarle were later carved out to create other counties. Albemarle County was named in honor of Willem Anne van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle. Its most famous inhabitant was Thomas Jefferson, who built his estate home, Monticello, in the county.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.
2019 U.S. Open Nine-ball Championship
The 2019 US Open 9-Ball Championship was an international pool tournament in the discipline 9-Ball, held from 21–26 April 2019 in Las Vegas, United States. It was the 43rd entry of the U.S. Open 9-Ball Championships. Germany's Joshua Filler won the event with a 13–10 final victory against Wu Jia-qing to win his first US Open championship.

The defending champion was Jayson Shaw, however Shaw was defeated by Filler in the last 16.

Glossary of cue sports terms
The following is a glossary of traditional English-language terms used in the three overarching cue sports disciplines: carom billiards referring to the various carom games played on a billiard table without pockets; pool, which denotes a host of games played on a table with six pockets; and snooker, played on a large pocket table, and which has a sport culture unto itself distinct from pool. There are also games such as English billiards that include aspects of multiple disciplines.
Ryder Britton
Ryder Britton (born December 21, 1985) is a former Canadian film and television actor.

A graduate from Ivey Business School (MBA), University of Guelph (BSc), and George Brown Theatre School, his most prominent role to date was as Young Richard Hayden in the hit film Tommy Boy. He has also had appearances on the television series Degrassi: The Next Generation, Runaway, and Goosebumps. In 2010, Ryder was also a contestant on the Canadian reality television show Mantracker.

Drawn to acting by his mother, who was also an actress, Britton enrolled in acting school shortly after her death from breast cancer in 2000.

George Brown Polytechnic
The George Brown College of Applied Arts and Technology, branded as George Brown Polytechnic since 2025, is a publicly funded college of applied arts and technology with three campuses in downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Like many other colleges in Ontario, George Brown College was chartered in 1966 by the government of Ontario and opened the following year.
RNS
RNS may be an initialism for:

Rabid Neurosis, a music piracy organisation

RNS formalism in the string theory of physics

Reactive nitrogen species

Regulatory News Service

Religion News Service

Rennes - Saint-Jacques Airport, France, IATA code

Residue numeral system in mathematics

Responsive neurostimulation device, an epilepsy treatment

"R.N.S.", a song by Slaughterhouse from Southpaw: Music from and Inspired By the Motion Picture

Reactive nitrogen species
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are a family of antimicrobial molecules derived from nitric oxide (•NO) and superoxide (O2•−) produced via the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and NADPH oxidase respectively. NOS2 is expressed primarily in macrophages after induction by cytokines and microbial products, notably interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Reactive nitrogen species act together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage cells, causing nitrosative stress. Therefore, these two species are often collectively referred to as ROS/RNS.

Reactive nitrogen species are also continuously produced in plants as by-products of aerobic metabolism or in response to stress.
Dienyl radical
Dienyl radicals are free radicals that can be formed by the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. These can combine with oxygen to form cis-trans lipid peroxyl radicals.

Benzene can be oxidized using a photocatalyst, QuCN+ to produce benzene radical cation. This benzene radical cation can produce a dienyl radical through nucleophilic reagent.

Hydroperoxyl
The hydroperoxyl radical, also known as the hydrogen superoxide, is the protonated form of superoxide with the chemical formula  HO2, also written HOO•.  This species plays an important role in the atmosphere and as a reactive oxygen species in cell biology.
Jellalabad Medals
The Jellalabad Medal was a campaign medal issued by the British East India Company. It was established by Lord Ellenborough, the Governor-General of India, on 30 April 1842.The medal was awarded for the defence of Jalalabad from 12 November 1841 to 7 April 1842, during the First Afghan War, to the troops under the command of Sir Robert Sale. About 2,600 soldiers took part, including the 13th Foot (the only British Army unit present), the 35th Bengal Native Infantry, as well as detachments from other Indian Army units and some loyal Afghan forces.

In addition to the medal, the 13th Foot were permitted to show a Mural Crown and the battle honour 'Jellalabad' on its colours and regimental badge.

Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough
Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough (8 September 1790 – 22 December 1871), was a British Tory politician. He was four times President of the Board of Control and also served as Governor-General of India between 1842 and 1844.
McGarity
McGarity is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Greg McGarity, American athletic director

Jack McGarity (1897–1974), Australian rules footballer

Lou McGarity (1917–1971), American jazz musician

Vernon McGarity (1921–2013), United States Army soldier

Wane McGarity (born 1976), American football player

Jack McGarity
Jack Melville Francis McGarity (16 January 1897 – 16 March 1974) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

McGarity was born Jack Melville Francis to the unmarried Ellen Francis in Carlton Women's Hospital in 1897. In 1898 Ellen married William McGarity, and Jack assumed the surname of his stepfather.
Piaseczno, Drawsko County
Piaseczno [pjaˈsɛt͡ʂnɔ] (German: Blumenwerder) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czaplinek, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Czaplinek, 23 km (14 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 105 km (65 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Before 1772 the area was part of Kingdom of Poland, 1772-1945 Prussia and Germany. For more on its history, see Wałcz County and "Warlang-Heinrichsdorf Domain".

First Partition of Poland
The First Partition of Poland took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that eventually ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The growth of power in the Russian Empire threatened the Kingdom of Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy and was the primary motive behind the First Partition.

Frederick the Great, King in Prussia, engineered the partition to prevent Austria, which was envious of Russian successes against the Ottoman Empire, from going to war. Territories in Poland–Lithuania were divided by its more powerful neighbours (Austria, Russia and Prussia) to restore the regional balance of power in Central Europe among those three countries.

With Poland unable to defend itself effectively and foreign troops already inside the country, the Polish Sejm ratified the partition in 1773 during the Partition Sejm, which was convened by the three powers.
Ayatollah (music producer)
Lamont Dorrell, known as Ayatollah,  is a hip hop record producer. He has mainly produced music for New York–based rappers, including Mos Def, Talib Kweli, R.A. the Rugged Man, Tragedy Khadafi, Wordsworth, Vast Aire, Afu-Ra, Guru, M.O.P., Inspectah Deck, Cormega, and Ghostface Killah.

Guru (rapper)
Keith Edward Elam (July 17, 1961 – April 19, 2010), better known by his stage name Guru, was an American rapper, record producer and actor. He was a member of the hip-hop duo Gang Starr, along with DJ Premier. He was born in Boston.

In 2012, About.com placed him No. 49 on their list of Top 50 MCs of Our Time, and The Source ranked him No. 30 on their list of Top 50 Lyricists of All Time, saying "Guru dropped some of the most thoughtful rhymes on wax".

Guru died on April 19, 2010, from myeloma at age 48.
Ludger Beerbaum
Ludger Beerbaum (German pronunciation: [ˈluːtɡɛʁ ˈbeːɐˌbaʊ̯m], audioⓘ; born 26 August 1963) is a German equestrian who competes in show jumping. He has been ranked the No. 1 Show Jumper in the world by the FEI on multiple occasions. He is also a four-time Olympic Gold medalist team and individual.

Westphalian horse
The Westphalian or Westfalen is a warmblood horse bred in the Westphalia region of western Germany. The Westphalian is closely affiliated with the state-owned stud farm of Warendorf, which it shares with the Rhinelander. Since World War II, the Westphalian horse has been bred to the same standard as the other German warmbloods, and they are particularly famous as Olympic-level show jumpers and dressage horses. Next to the Hanoverian, the Westphalian studbook has the largest breeding population of any warmblood in Germany.
Crocamole
Crocamole is an Australian television series for preschoolers which first aired on 10 Peach on 15 January 2016. The series is food based and is designed as a cooking show for young children. Filmed in Brisbane, it stars Emily Dickson as Molly, a magical rainbow sprite, and Callan Warner as Truffle, an inventor chef, joined by a puppet crocodile named Croc, played by Jack Kelly.

10 Comedy
10 Comedy is an Australian free-to-air television channel operated by Network 10. It was launched on 11 January 2011 as Eleven. It is owned by ElevenCo, which was established as a joint venture between Ten Network Holdings and CBS Studios International; the latter would ultimately acquire Network Ten in 2017.

The channel focuses primarily on programming targeting a young adult audience and was the home of Neighbours—the longest-running drama series on Australian television. Prior to the launch of Nickelodeon, the channel also aired children's programming.
Screwed in Tallinn
Screwed in Tallinn (Swedish: Torsk på Tallinn) is a 1999 Swedish comedy-drama film written by and starring the comedy group Killinggänget, and directed by their member Tomas Alfredson. Made in a mockumentary style, it revolves around a group of Swedish single men who travel by bus to Estonia where they have been promised they will meet Estonian women.

The film was one of four 60-minute films Killinggänget produced for Sveriges Television in 1999 under the label Fyra små filmer ("Four small films"). It received the Golden Gate Award for best television comedy at the 2000 San Francisco International Film Festival.

Percy Nilegård
Percy Nilegård is a fictional character played by Johan Rheborg since 1991, and one of the primary staples of the Swedish comedy group Killinggänget.

As a vain, snobbish and possibly insane businessman with a noticeable underbite, he does almost everything to earn money while also promoting his own ideas of "good taste". Nilegård, whose worldview is very ignorant in general, has a tendency to insert (sometimes poorly worded) English words and phrases into his speech, primarily to describe management and corporate-related concepts, a tendency which makes his character somewhat reminiscent of the Swedish yuppie culture in the late 1980s.
Robyn Fralick
Robyn Fralick (born January 29, 1982) is an American women's basketball coach who is the current head coach at Michigan State University. She previously coached at Ashland and Bowling Green universities and was director of operations at Western Michigan.

Bowling Green Falcons women's basketball
The Bowling Green Falcons women's basketball team is the NCAA Division I women's basketball team that represents Bowling Green State University. The team plays at the 4,700-seat Stroh Center on the BGSU campus in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. The Falcons competes in the Mid-American Conference.
Subi language
Subi is a minor Bantu language of Tanzania, spoken on the southern shore of Lake Victoria. It is not listed in most sources, including Linguasphere. It has at times been confused with Shubi, though the two are not especially closely related.

Linguasphere Observatory
The Linguasphere Observatory (or the Observatoire, based on its original French and legal title: Observatoire Linguistique) is a non-profit transnational research network, devoted (alongside related programs) to the gathering, study, classification, editing and free distribution online of the updatable text (initially in English) of a fully indexed and comprehensive Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages, and Speech Communities.
Hagens
Hagens is a patronymic surname of Northern German and Dutch origins. It is a patronym of the given name Hagen, which is derived from the Old German element hag ("enclosure").

Notable people with the surname include:

Bradin Hagens (born 1989), American baseball player

Erik Hagens (born 1940), Danish painter

Gunther von Hagens (born 1945), German anatomist

Hendrik Hagens (1900–1981), Dutch fencer

James Hagens (born 2006), American ice hockey player

Joseph von Hagens (1826–1899), German entomologist

Pieter Jan Hagens (born 1958), Dutch radio and television presenter

Gunther von Hagens
Gunther von Hagens (born Gunther Gerhard Liebchen; 10 January 1945) is a German anatomist, businessman, and lecturer. He developed the technique for preserving biological tissue specimens called plastination. Von Hagens has organized numerous Body Worlds public exhibitions and occasional live demonstrations of his and his colleagues' work, and has traveled worldwide to promote its educational value. The sourcing of biological specimens for and the commercial background of his exhibits has been controversial.