hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aacanthocnema burckhardti
Aacanthocnema burckhardti is a species of jumping plant lice, first found as a sap-sucker on plants of the genus Allocasuarina in Australia. The species is characterised by exhibiting an elongate habitus; short Rs and short cubital forewing cells; ventral genal processes beneath the apical margin of its vertex; short antennae; and nymphs that are elongate and very sclerotised (scale-like). It lacks hinaria on its eighth antennal segment as well as sclerotised spurs on its hind tibia. Females of the species lack a posterior apical hook on their proctiger.

The species was first described by Gary S. Taylor in 2011, and is named after Daniel Burckhardt from the  Naturhistorisches Museum, in Basel, who collected the type material.

Sclerite
A sclerite (Greek σκληρός, sklēros, meaning "hard") is a hardened body part. In various branches of biology the term is applied to various structures, but not as a rule to vertebrate anatomical features such as bones and teeth. Instead it refers most commonly to the hardened parts of arthropod exoskeletons and the internal spicules of invertebrates such as certain sponges and soft corals. In paleontology, a scleritome is the complete set of sclerites of an organism, often all that is known from fossil invertebrates.
Xanthoparmelia kleinswartbergensis
Xanthoparmelia kleinswartbergensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in South Africa, it was formally described as a new species in 2002 by Australian lichenologist John Elix. The type specimen was collected from Klein Swartberg (Cape Province), where it was found growing on large boulders in a gorge. It contains protocetraric acid as a major lichen product, minor amounts of usnic acid and anhydrofusarubin lactol, and trace amounts of anhydrofusarubin lactol methyl ketal. The species epithet refers to the type locality, the only place the lichen is known to occur.

Lichen product
Lichen products, also known as lichen substances, are organic compounds produced by a lichen. Specifically, they are secondary metabolites. Lichen products are represented in several different chemical classes, including terpenoids, orcinol derivatives, chromones, xanthones, depsides, and depsidones. Over 1000 lichen products of known chemical structure have been reported in the scientific literature, and most of these compounds are exclusively found in lichens. Examples of lichen products include usnic acid (a dibenzofuran), atranorin (a depside), lichexanthone (a xanthone), salazinic acid (a depsidone), and isolichenan, an α-glucan. Many lichen products have biological activity, and research into these effects is ongoing.
PictoChat
PictoChat (ピクトチャット, PikutoChatto) is a LAN messenger service developed by Nintendo. It is preloaded on the Nintendo DS, Nintendo DS Lite and Nintendo DSi. Up to sixteen people can paint and/or text chat with each other using it, connected wirelessly through a LAN-only, system-to-system wireless connection. It allows for simple input of keyboard text and written text/drawings. PictoChat received an Excellence Prize for Entertainment at the 2004 Japan Media Arts Festival.

Japan Media Arts Festival
The Japan Media Arts Festival was an annual festival held since 1997 by Japan's Agency for Cultural Affairs. The festival begins with an open competition and culminates with the awarding of several prizes and an exhibition.

Based on judging by a jury of artistic peers, awards are given in four categories: Art (formerly called Non-Interactive Digital Art), Entertainment (formerly called Interactive Art; including video games and websites), animation, and manga. Within each category, one Grand Prize, four Excellence Prizes, and (since 2002) one Encouragement Prize are awarded. Other outstanding works, are selected by the Jury as Jury Selections.

The winning works of the four categories will receive a certificate, a trophy and a cash prize.
Loren Williams
Loren Dean Williams is a biophysicist, biochemist, astrobiologist, and professor in the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. His research seeks to understand the structural basis for macromolecular reactions, from the role of nucleic acids as targets of chemotherapeutics to the ancestral biochemistry of the ribosome during the origin of life.

Macromolecule
A macromolecule is a "molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." Polymers are physical examples of macromolecules. Common macromolecules are biopolymers (nucleic acids, proteins, and carbohydrates), polyolefins (polyethylene) and polyamides (nylon).
Akermoor Loch
Akermoor Loch is a remote upland lochan (small loch) in Selkirkshire, Scotland, approximately 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) west of the village of Ashkirk.

The loch has a large timber plantation on its northwest shore. Langhope Rig Wind Farm, constructed between 2008 and 2017, sits to its south.

Akermoor Loch has been a Site of Special Scientific Interest since 1971 due to its mesotrophic waters, which have produced "an abundance of organisms adapted to naturally high nutrient status". The loch supports flora not commonly found in the Scottish Borders, including several species of pondweed, moss, and wild grasses.

The loch has a stock of brown trout and is a common site for angling. An old access track leads to the loch's northeast end.

Akermoor Loch sits in a bed of greywacke, as part of the Hawick Group. In the 18th century, marl was extracted from the loch for agricultural purposes.

Greywacke
Greywacke or graywacke (German: Grauwacke 'a grey, earthy rock') is a variety of sandstone generally characterized by its hardness (6–7 on Mohs scale), dark color, and poorly sorted angular grains of quartz, feldspar, and small rock fragments or sand-size lithic fragments set in a compact, clay-fine matrix. It is a texturally immature sedimentary rock generally found in Paleozoic strata. The larger grains can be sand- to gravel-sized, and matrix materials generally constitute more than 15% of the rock by volume.
Victoria Wells Wulsin
Victoria Elizabeth Wells Wulsin (born October 27, 1953) is an American physician and political candidate who specializes in epidemiology, and AIDS research among women in Africa. She has also been involved in politics, and in 2006 and 2008 ran as the Democratic candidate for Ohio's 2nd congressional district, losing twice to Jean Schmidt.

Henry Heimlich
Henry Judah Heimlich   (February 3, 1920 – December 17, 2016) was an American thoracic surgeon and medical researcher. He is widely credited for the discovery of the Heimlich maneuver, a technique of abdominal thrusts for stopping choking, first described in 1974. He also invented the Micro Trach portable oxygen system for ambulatory patients and the Heimlich Chest Drain Valve, or "flutter valve", which drains blood and air out of the chest cavity.
1868 United States elections
Elections were held on November 3, 1868, electing the members of the 41st United States Congress. The election took place during the Reconstruction Era, and many Southerners were barred from voting. However, Congress's various Reconstruction Acts required southern states to allow Black men to vote, and their voting power was significant to the elections results.

In the presidential election, Republican General Ulysses S. Grant defeated Democratic former governor Horatio Seymour of New York. Incumbent President Andrew Johnson sought the 1868 Democratic nomination, but Seymour took the nomination after twenty two ballots.

Democrats gained several seats in the House elections, but Republicans continued to maintain a commanding majority. In the Senate elections, Republicans and Democrats both won seats, but Republicans maintained a huge majority in the chamber.

1868 Democratic National Convention
The 1868 Democratic National Convention was held at the Tammany Hall headquarters building in New York City between July 4, and July 9, 1868. The first Democratic convention after the conclusion of the American Civil War, the convention marked the return of Democratic Party politicians from the Southern United States.
John Huntingdon (preacher)
John Huntingdon (fl. 16th. century) was an English Protestant preacher. He was a client of Mary Fitzroy, and "one of London's most popular and most effective preachers."

Initially Huntingdon was a religious conservative, writing a pamphlet under the pseudonym "Ponce Pantolabus" against evangelicals. The Genealogy of Heresy (modern spelling), it was in verse, published c. 1542; and is not now extant. There was a reply by John Bale, in 1545. Huntingdon was one of those who stood witness against the Scottish reformer Alexander Seton.

Not long after his pamphlet, Huntingdon became a reformer. The Privy Council had him arrested in 1553.

Under Elizabeth I, Huntingdon became a canon of Exeter Cathedral. He had the backing of English supporters of the Genevan reforms. By now known as a radical, he was one of those for whom Richard Martin stood surety.

Mary FitzRoy, Duchess of Richmond and Somerset
Mary FitzRoy, Duchess of Richmond and Somerset (c. 1519 – December 1555/1557), born Mary Howard, was a daughter-in-law of King Henry VIII of England, the wife of his illegitimate son Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset.
Harry Poland
Sir Harry Bodkin Poland (1829–1928) was a British barrister who worked at the Bar from 1851 to 1895. He also served as counsel to the Treasury and Adviser to the Home Office from 1865 to 1889. He was knighted in 1895.

In his memoir "Seventy-Two Years at the Bar", Poland cited two cases as his most interesting. The first was the Bank of England case of 1872 in which four Americans attempted to steal £100,000 from the Bank of England by forging bank notes. The second was the Chocolate Cream Poisoner case, where Christiana Edmunds poisoned a number of people in Brighton by lacing chocolates with strychnine.

From 1895 to 1901 he sat as a Moderate Party alderman on the London County Council.

Sir Harry Bodkin Poland replaced his uncle Sir William Henry Bodkin as the Recorder of the Borough of Dover. On his resignation, he was succeeded in the role by his nephew Archibald Bodkin. He was a confirmed bachelor.

HM Treasury
His Majesty's Treasury (often shortened to HM Treasury, the Treasury or HMT) is the Government of the United Kingdom’s economic and finance ministry, maintaining control over the United Kingdom's public spending and setting its economic policy. It is one of the smallest government departments by staff count, but is widely considered the most powerful.
Second Gerhardsen cabinet
Gerhardsen's Second Cabinet governed Norway between  5 November 1945 and 19 November 1951. The Labour Party (Ap) cabinet was led by Einar Gerhardsen.

In May 1948, Gerhardsen told Jens Chr Hauge, that he was considering resigning.
Furthermore, as candidates for prime minister, Gerhardsen named Torp, Sverre Støstad and Lars Evensen.

On 17 June 1948 parliament started its deliberations about the Helset Case. Something Gerhardsen knew, but did not tell parliament, was that he had certain evidence, that "either at the US embassy or in the top leadership of Norway's Armed Forces there were people who were willing to leak top secret info about then minister of defence's conversations with US military attaché, winter and spring 1948, in an attempt to force" the defence minister out of office—with or without the knowledge of Olaf Helset. Later in 1948 Olaf Helset resigned.

Sverre Støstad
Sverre Kornelius Eilertsen Støstad (13 May 1887 – 7 December 1959) was the Norwegian Minister of Social Affairs 1939–1945, and member of the government delegation in Oslo in 1945, as well as head of the Ministry of Supplies and Reconstruction.
Lutuv
The Lutuv (Hakha Chin: Lautu) are an indigenous people living in southern Chin State, Myanmar. The Lutuv are widely known by other tribes as the "Lautu of the Southern independent villages", a name derived from the central dominant Hakha Lai pronunciation of their endonym. The Lutuv speak the Lutuv language,  and they are predominantly Christian.

Hakha Chin
Hakha Chin, or Laiholh, is a Kuki-Chin language spoken by nearly 300,000 people, mostly in Myanmar. In Mizoram, the language is recognized as Pawi. The total figure includes 2,000 Zokhua and 60,100 Hakha speakers. The speakers are largely concentrated in Chin State in western Myanmar and Mizoram in eastern India, with a small number of speakers in south-eastern Bangladesh.
Otto von Moser
Otto von Moser (31 March 1860 – 11 October 1931) was a German army officer, originally from Stuttgart in Württemberg, who ended his army career as a lieutenant general. After the First World War he settled at Isny im Allgäu, near the frontier with Bavaria and embarked upon a career as a prolific military historian and author.

Prussian Staff College
The Prussian Staff College, also Prussian War College (German: Preußische Kriegsakademie) was the highest military facility of the Kingdom of Prussia to educate, train, and develop general staff officers.
Panorama (typesetting software)
Panorama is a line layout and text composition engine to render text in various worldwide languages made by Bitstream Inc. Panorama uses Font Fusion as the base to support rendering of the text. The engine allows the user to manage different text formatting aspects like spacing, alignment, style effects (bold, embossed, outline, drop shadows etc.).

Panorama provides support for OpenType font tables leading to automatic character substitution for ligatures, swashes, scientific figures, etc. Panorama supports three anti-aliasing modes – monochrome, grayscale, and LCD optimized (Horizontal and Vertical).

Monochrome
A monochrome or monochromatic image, object or palette is composed of one color (or values of one color). Images using only shades of grey are called grayscale (typically digital) or black-and-white (typically analog). In physics, monochromatic light refers to electromagnetic radiation that contains a narrow band of wavelengths, which is a distinct concept.
Robinson 77
Robinson 77, previously called the SIA Building, is a high-rise skyscraper located in the central business district of Singapore. The building is located on 77 Robinson Road, just next to DBS Building Tower One and Two.

Once the flagship building of Singapore Airlines, the airline sold the building to SEB Investment in 2006. It is currently owned by CITIC Group, a state-owned investment company of the People's Republic of China.

The building has a net floor area of around 27,400 m2 (295,000 sq ft). It has a total of 180 car park lots.

CITIC Group
CITIC Group Corporation Ltd., formerly the China International Trust & Investment Corporation (CITIC), is a state-owned investment company of the People's Republic of China, established by Rong Yiren in 1979 with the approval of Deng Xiaoping.  Its headquarters are in Chaoyang District, Beijing. As of 2019, it is China's biggest state-run conglomerate with one of the largest pools of foreign assets in the world. In 2023, the company was ranked 71st in the Forbes Global 2000.
Criminal law of the United States
The criminal law of the United States is a manifold system of laws and practices that connects crimes and consequences. In comparison, civil law addresses non-criminal disputes. The system varies considerably by jurisdiction, but conforms to the US Constitution.  Generally there are two systems of criminal law to which a person maybe subject; the most frequent is state criminal law, and the other is federal law.

The American Model Penal Code defines the purpose of criminal law as: to prevent any conduct that cause or may cause harm to people or society, to enact public order, to define what acts are criminal, to inform the public what acts constitute crimes, and to distinguish a minor from a serious offense.

Burglary
Burglary, also called breaking and entering (B&E) or housebreaking, is a property crime involving the illegal entry into a building or other area without permission, typically with the intention of committing a further criminal offence. Usually that offence is theft, larceny, robbery, or murder, but most jurisdictions include others within the ambit of burglary. To commit burglary is to burgle, a term back-formed from the word burglar, or to burglarize.
John Ruckdeschel
John C. Ruckdeschel (born January 5, 1946) is an American oncologist who has written 160 peer reviewed articles.

He obtained his bachelor's degree from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and later on got his medical degree from Albany Medical College. He received training at Johns Hopkins University and Beth Israel Hospital where he was a resident. He was a fellow of the National Cancer Institute and a decade later became faculty member of the second alma mater. In 1991 he became the director and CEO of Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa where he worked with Terrance Albrecht. and ten years later held the same position at the Karmanos Cancer Institute in Detroit, Michigan. In 2009, he tried to do the same thing at the Nevada Cancer Institute and three years later became medical director at the Intermountain Healthcare in Salt Lake City. During the same years he was a chairman of both Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group and the executive officer of the Lung Cancer Study Group.

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group
The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) began in 1955 as one of the first publicly funded cooperative groups to perform multi-center clinical trials for cancer research. A cooperative group in oncology constitutes a large network of private and public medical institutions developing   protocols for cancer treatments. Institutional members include universities, medical centers, governments, and other cooperative groups. Research results are often provided through scientific publications, but the group also works closely with the pharmaceutical industry to test potential cancer drugs.

According to ECOG's website, there are "more than 90 active clinical trials in all types of adult malignancies. Annual accrual is 6,000 patients, with more than 20,000 patients in follow-up."

ECOG's coordinating center is based in Boston, Massachusetts while its Group Chair's office is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Ernst J. Hoesly
Ernst J. Hoesly (June 16, 1885 – May 5, 1948) was a politician, farmer, and businessman.

Born in New Glarus, Wisconsin, Hoesly graduated from New Glarus High School and then went to Northwestern Business College in Naperville, Illinois. Hoesly was a cattle dealer and was president of the New Glarus State Bank. Hoesly served as assistant postmaster, served on the Green County, Wisconsin Board of Supervisors, and was chairman of the board. He also served as village clerk of New Glarus. From 1927 to 1939, Hoesly served in the Wisconsin State Assembly and was a Progressive. Hoesly died at his home in New Glarus, Wisconsin.

Green County, Wisconsin
Green County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,093. Its county seat is Monroe. Green County is included in the Madison, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Henry Stanistreet
Christianity portal

Henry Arthur Stanistreet (19 March 1901 – 4 September 1981), was the 14th Bishop of Killaloe and Clonfert.

Stanistreet was educated at Trent College and Trinity College, Dublin and  ordained in 1924. He was a curate at Clonmel and then curate in charge of Corbally before becoming the Rector of Templeharry with Borrisnafarney. From 1931 to 1943 he was Rural Dean of Ely O’Carroll then Dean of Killaloe Cathedral. He was ordained to the episcopate in 1957. He became a Doctor of Divinity (DD).

Éile
Éile (Modern Irish: [ˈeːlʲə]; Old Irish: Éle, Éli), commonly anglicised as Ely, was a medieval petty kingdom in the southern part of the modern county of Offaly and parts of North Tipperary in Ireland. The historic barony of Eliogarty was once a significant portion of the kingdom.
Eriophyes tiliae
Eriophyes tiliae is a mite that forms the lime nail gall or bugle gall. It develops in a chemically induced gall; an erect, oblique or curved distortion rising up from the upper surface of the leaves of the lime (linden) trees (genus Tilia), such as the large-leaved lime tree Tilia platyphyllos, the common lime tree Tilia × europaea,  etc.

Mite
Mites are small arachnids (eight-legged arthropods) of two large orders, the Acariformes and the Parasitiformes, which were historically grouped together in the subclass Acari. However, most recent genetic analyses do not recover the two as each other's closest relative within Arachnida, rendering the group invalid as a clade. Most mites are tiny, less than 1 mm (0.04 in) in length, and have a simple, unsegmented body plan. The small size of most species makes them easily overlooked; some species live in water, many live in soil as decomposers, others live on plants, sometimes creating galls, while others are predators or parasites. This last type includes the commercially destructive Varroa parasite of honey bees, as well as scabies mites of humans. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few are associated with allergies or may transmit diseases.

The scientific discipline devoted to the study of mites is called acarology.
Adam Quesnell
Adam Quesnell is an American stand-up comedian and screenwriter from Fargo, North Dakota now living in Los Angeles.

Quesnell has released two comedy albums on Stand Up! Records, 2014's Can We Afford This Much Despair? and 2018's Despair 2: Social Justice Warlord, as well as the 2018 single Egghead.

High Plains Reader
The High Plains Reader is an alternative newspaper serving the Fargo metropolitan area, with an estimated readership of 20,000 to 30,000 weekly between print and online readers. The tabloid was founded in 1994 by Ian Swanson, Peter Ryan, and Len Schmid in Grand Forks, North Dakota and is currently owned by Raul Gomez and John Strand who purchased the paper in late December 1996. After a flood and fire destroyed their Grand Forks office, the Reader moved its office to Fargo.  In 2004, the Reader celebrated its 10th anniversary in different venues in the Fargo-Moorhead area, including Ralph's Corner Bar.  Distribution ended in the Grand Forks area in 2009. In 2014, HPR celebrated 20 years.
Beverly Hills station
Beverly Hills refers to two railway stations in Beverly Hills, California. With the first constructed in 1896, they came to be served by the Pacific Electric and Southern Pacific railroads until the 1960s. The first station was demolished and replaced with a second across the street.

Pacific Electric
The Pacific Electric Railway Company, nicknamed the Red Cars, was a privately owned mass transit system in Southern California consisting of electrically powered streetcars, interurban cars, and buses and was the largest electric railway system in the world in the 1920s. Organized around the city centers of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, it connected cities in Los Angeles County, Orange County, San Bernardino County and Riverside County.

The system shared dual gauge track with the 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) narrow-gauge Los Angeles Railway, "Yellow Car," or "LARy" system on Main Street in downtown Los Angeles (directly in front of the 6th and Main terminal), on 4th Street, and along Hawthorne Boulevard south of downtown Los Angeles toward the cities of Hawthorne, Gardena, and Torrance.