hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Russ Lay
Russell M. Lay (January 22, 1907 – September 27, 1965) was an American football player.

Lay was born in Williamston, Michigan in 1907, and attended Williamston High School.

He played college football for Michigan State College (later known as Michigan State University) from 1931 to 1933.

Lay signed with the Detroit Lions in June 1934. He appeared in two games for the Lions. In mid-October 1935, he joined the Cincinnati Reds, starting one game. In mid-November 1935, Lay was sold to the St. Louis Gunners. He started one game for the Gunners.

Lay served in the Navy during World War II. After the war, he operated a used car dealership in Lansing. He later sold his interest in the dealership and moved to Lake City, Michigan. He died in 1965 in Lake City.

Lake City, Michigan
Lake City is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Missaukee County, and is the largest city within the county. The city is located in the Northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population of Lake City was 829. Lake City has been nicknamed "Michigan's Christmas Tree Capital", due to the high number of farms near the city.
Kim Hwa-jip
Kim Hwa-jip (Korean: 김화집; Hanja: 金和集; 26 May 1905 – 8 July 2006) was a South Korean football player and manager.

He was one of seven winners of the South Korea Football Hall of Fame, along with Kim Yong-sik, Hong Deok-young, Lee Hoe-taik, Cha Bum-kun, Guus Hiddink, and Chung Mong-joon.

Guus Hiddink
Guus Hiddink (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣys ˈɦɪdɪŋk] ⓘ; born 8 November 1946) is a Dutch former football manager and professional player. He enjoyed a long career playing as a midfielder in his native Netherlands. After retiring as a player in 1982, Hiddink went into management, leading clubs and countries from across the globe to achieve various titles and feats. With PSV Eindhoven he won the European Champion Clubs' Cup, the predecessor of the UEFA Champions League. With Real Madrid he won the Intercontinental Cup.
Carlos Arredondo (footballer)
Carlos Arredondo (born 26 October 1933) is an Argentine footballer. He played in three matches for the Argentina national football team in 1959. He was also part of Argentina's squad for the 1959 South American Championship that took place in Ecuador.

1959 South American Championship (Ecuador)
The 1959 South American Championship held in Ecuador was an extra South American Championship for the year. The tournament was contested between five teams; Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Peru did not participate, whilst Brazil attended with a team from Pernambuco. Uruguay won their 10th South American title.
Sammy Luftspring
Sammy Luftspring (May 14, 1916 – September 27, 2000) was a Jewish Canadian boxer. A former Canadian Welterweight Champion and highly ranked in the Welterweight class during his career, Luftspring was forced to retire from the sport due to an eye injury.  He was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1985, and the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame in 1996.

Ontario Sports Hall of Fame
The Ontario Sports Hall of Fame is an association dedicated to honouring athletes and personalities with outstanding achievement in sports in Ontario, Canada. The hall of fame was established in 1994 by Bruce Prentice, following his 15-year tenure as founder and president of the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame (CBHF). The inaugural class of honoured members was inducted in 1994.

The OSHOF currently lists 115 inductees, including 101 players and 14 sports personalities. Each year the Ontario Sports Hall of Fame also honours recipients of the Brian Williams Media Award, the Sandy Hawley Community Service Award, the Ferguson Jenkins Heritage Award, the Syl Apps Athlete of the Year Award, and the Bruce Prentice Legacy Award.
Georgina Davidson
Georgina Davidson MBChB (3 October 1886 – alive in 1919) was a Scottish medical doctor who served with the Scottish Women's Hospitals for Foreign Service in Serbia in World War I, and worked along with the Royal Army Medical Corps in war zone hospital services in Malta, Salonika and Constantinople. She was awarded the French Red Cross medal and the British War and Victory medals, and was mentioned in dispatches.

French Red Cross
The French Red Cross (French: Croix-Rouge française), or the CRF, is the national Red Cross Society in France founded in 1864 and originally known as the Société française de secours aux blessés militaires (SSBM). Recognized as a public utility since 1945, the French Red Cross is one of the 191 national societies of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. It has more than 62,000 volunteers and 17,000 employees. Its network consists of 1,062 local offices, 108 departmental and territorial delegations and 634 social, medico-social and health establishments throughout France, including the overseas departments and territories.
Freedom, Wisconsin
Freedom is the name of several places in the U.S. state of Wisconsin:

Freedom, Forest County, Wisconsin, a town

Freedom, Outagamie County, Wisconsin, the largest town with the name Freedom in Wisconsin

Freedom (community), Outagamie County, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community

Freedom, Sauk County, Wisconsin, a town

Freedom (community), Outagamie County, Wisconsin
Freedom is an unincorporated community located in the town of Freedom, Outagamie County, Wisconsin, United States. Freedom is located along Wisconsin Highway 55, 7.5 miles (12.1 km) north of Kaukauna. Freedom has a post office, located in Kaukauna, which uses ZIP code 54131.

Before the establishment of the Town of Freedom on June 5, 1853, evidence suggests that this community was named Sagole or Sagola, a Native American word meaning "good morning". Further, this name's use fell out of favor after the name of the surrounding town was established, and the community began using the name Freedom as well.

Freedom is home to a very successful high school as well. They have won many state championships.
Process analysis
Process analysis is a form of technical writing and expository writing "designed to convey to the reader how a change takes place through a series of stages".

While the traditional process analysis and a set of instructions are both organized chronologically, the reader of a process analysis is typically interested in understanding the chronological components of a system that operates largely without the reader's direct actions (such as how the body digests an apple), while the reader of a set of instructions intends to use the instructions in order to accomplish a specific, limited task (such as how to bake an apple pie). By contrast, the reader of a mechanism description is more interested in an object in space (such as the form and nutritional value of a particular kind of apple).

Modes of discourse
The modes of discourse, sometimes known as rhetorical modes, are a broad classification of the major kinds of formal and academic writing (including speech-writing) by their purpose. Traditionally, this refers to these four modes—exposition, narration, description, and argumentation—as first classified by Samuel P. Newman in A Practical System of Rhetoric in 1827. Newman's modes of discourse have long influenced US writing instruction and particularly the design of mass-market writing assessments, despite critiques of the explanatory power of these classifications for non-school writing. Other scholars have devised alternative ways for categorizing writings by purpose.
Ibrahim ibn Musa al-Kazim
Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā al-Kāẓim (Arabic: إبراهيم بن موسى الكاظم), known as al-Murtaḍā (Arabic: المرتضی, lit. 'the Attainer of God´s pleasure'), died 825 or after 837, was a ninth century Alid leader who led a rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate in the Yemen in the aftermath of the Fourth Fitna. He later seized control of Mecca in ca. 817, and was subsequently recognized as legal governor of the city by the caliph al-Ma'mun.

Charles Pellat
Charles Pellat (28 September 1914, in Souk Ahras – 28 October 1992, in Bourg-la-Reine) was a French Algerian academic, historian, translator, and scholar of Oriental studies, specialized in Arab studies and Islamic studies. He was an editor of the Encyclopaedia of Islam published by Brill Academic Publishers, and a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.
Evolutionary Anthropology (journal)
Evolutionary Anthropology is a review journal of anthropology. The journal also includes reviews of relevant new books, letters to the editor, and educational material for classroom teaching on evolutionary anthropology. The editor-in-chief is Jason Kamilar (University of Massachusetts). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 6.086, ranking it 2nd out of 93 journals in the category "Anthropology".

University of Massachusetts
The University of Massachusetts (UMass) is the public university system of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The university system includes six campuses (Amherst, Boston, Dartmouth, Lowell, a medical school in Worcester and a law school in Dartmouth), a satellite campus in Springfield and 25 smaller campuses throughout California and Washington with the University of Massachusetts Global. The system enrolled 73,593 students in fall 2023.

The University of Massachusetts system is governed by a president and a 22-member board of trustees. The system administration is in Boston and Shrewsbury. Each of the institutions in the system is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.
Gu Jinchi
Gu Jinchi (Chinese: 顾金池; February 1932 – 17 March 2009) was a Chinese Communist politician who served as party secretary of Gansu from 1990 to 1993 and party secretary of Liaoning.

He was a member of the 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a representative of the 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 8th National People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the 9th National People's Congress.

13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in session from 1987 to 1992. It held seven plenary sessions. It was preceded by the 12th Central Committee and succeeded by the 14th Central Committee. It elected the 13th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1987.
Hexachloroethane
Hexachloroethane (perchloroethane) is an organochlorine compound with the chemical formula C2Cl6. Its structure is Cl3C−CCl3. It is a white or colorless solid at room temperature with a camphor-like odor. It has been used by the military in smoke compositions, such as base-eject smoke munitions (smoke grenades).

Organochlorine chemistry
Organochlorine chemistry is concerned with the properties of organochlorine compounds, or organochlorides, organic compounds that contain one or more carbon–chlorine bonds. The chloroalkane class (alkanes with one or more hydrogens substituted by chlorine) includes common examples. The wide structural variety and divergent chemical properties of organochlorides lead to a broad range of names, applications, and properties. Organochlorine compounds have wide use in many applications, though some are of profound environmental concern, with DDT and TCDD being among the most notorious.

Organochlorides such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloromethane and chloroform are commonly used as solvents and are referred to as "chlorinated solvents".
Flag of Donetsk Oblast
The flag of the Donetsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Прапор Донецької області), often referred to as the flag of Donbas (Ukrainian: Прапор Донбасу; Russian: Флаг Донбасса), is the official flag of Donetsk Oblast, an oblast of Ukraine. It was designed by artist Nina Shcherbak. The flag was officially adopted on 17 August 1999.

The flag has proportions of 3:2, and is divided into two areas.  In the upper part, there is a rising gold sun with 12 sunbeams in the upper fair-blue part of flag (resembling the sky). In the lower black part (resembling the Donets Coal Basin) there are five gold ovals one under another (the reflection of the sun on the surface).

Oblasts of Ukraine
An oblast (Ukrainian: область, romanized: oblast, pronounced [ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ] ⓘ; pl. області, oblasti), sometimes translated as region or province, is the main type of first-level administrative division of Ukraine. The country's territory is divided into 24 oblasts, as well as one autonomous republic and two cities with special status.

As Ukraine is a unitary state, oblasts do not have much legal scope of competence other than that which is established in the Ukrainian Constitution and devolved by law. Articles 140–146 of Chapter XI of the constitution deal directly with local authorities and their competence.

Oblasts are divided into raions, with each oblast having between three and eight raions following the July 2020 reform.
St Croix Pietenpol Aerial
The St Croix Pietenpol Aerial is an American homebuilt aircraft that was designed by Chad and Charles Wille and produced by St Croix Aircraft of Corning, Iowa, first flown in 1977. When it was available the aircraft was supplied in the form of plans for amateur construction, with partial kits available.

Corning, Iowa
Corning is a city in Quincy and Jasper Townships, Adams County, Iowa, United States. The population was 1,564 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Adams County.  Corning is located just north of the intersection of U.S. Route 34 and Iowa Highway 148. Corning is perhaps best known as the birthplace of Johnny Carson. Daniel Webster Turner, who was governor of Iowa from 1931 to 1933, was born in Corning on March 17, 1877.

The town is named for Erastus Corning who owned stock in the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad which reached Corning on August 23, 1869 (resulting in the local depot moving from nearby Queen City to Corning). Corning donated a church bell to the Methodist Church.   Corning also owned sizeable shares of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad and other towns on the railroad including Corning, Missouri.
Partridge Lake (Namewaminikan River)
Partridge Lake is a lake in the municipality of Greenstone, Thunder Bay District in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin.

The main inflow is the Namewaminikan River at the east. A secondary inflow is Legault Creek at the south. The major outflow, at the northwest, is also the Namewaminikan River which flows via Lake Nipigon and the Nipigon River to Lake Superior.

Northwestern Ontario
Northwestern Ontario is a secondary region of Northern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario which lies north and west of Lake Superior and west of Hudson Bay and James Bay. It includes most of subarctic Ontario. Its western boundary is the Canadian province of Manitoba, which disputed Ontario's claim to the western part of the region. Ontario's right to Northwestern Ontario was determined by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in 1884 and confirmed by the Canada (Ontario Boundary) Act, 1889, of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. In 1912, the Parliament of Canada by the Ontario Boundaries Extension Act gave jurisdiction over the District of Patricia to Ontario, thereby extending the northern boundary of the province to Hudson Bay.
Petrakiopeltis
Petrakiopeltis is a genus of fungi in the Microthyriaceae family; according to the 2007 Outline of Ascomycota, the placement in this family is uncertain. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Petrakiopeltis byrsonimae.

The genus name of Petrakiopeltis is in honour of Franz Petrak (1886–1973), who was an Austrian-Czech mycologist.

The genus was circumscribed by Augusto Chaves Batista, A. Fernandes Vital and Raffaele Ciferri in Ist. Bot. Univ. Lab. Crittog. Pavia Atti series 5, vol.15 on pages 42-44 in 1958.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Niclas Bergfors
Niclas Bergfors (born 7 March 1987) is a Swedish professional ice hockey right winger currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played for Djurgårdens IF then of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL). He was drafted by the National Hockey League (NHL)'s New Jersey Devils in the first round, 23rd overall, at the 2005 NHL Entry Draft, playing for the organization for four-and-a-half seasons before joining the Atlanta Thrashers 2010, Florida Panthers in 2011 and Nashville Predators via free agency in 2011. He later joined the KHL's Ak Bars Kazan in late 2011 before signing with Severstal Cherepovets. In 2013, he joined Admiral Vladivostok, where he played for three seasons before joining Amur Khabarovsk in a mid-season trade.

2005 NHL entry draft
The 2005 NHL entry draft was the 43rd entry draft for the National Hockey League. Originally scheduled to be held on June 25, it was postponed to July 30 due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout.

Special procedures were required to determine the order of picks, because the previous season had been cancelled due to the lockout. The first overall pick was won in a lottery by the Pittsburgh Penguins, who selected Sidney Crosby.

As of 2025, the remaining active players in the NHL from this draft are Sidney Crosby, Jack Johnson, Anze Kopitar, Kris Letang, Jonathan Quick, Ryan Reaves, and Marc-Edouard Vlasic.
Rashkin (surname)
Rashkin is a Slavic language-influenced Jewish surname of matronymic derivation.  It literally means "Rashke's", where "Rashke" is a Yiddish diminutive form of "Rachel".  The Germanic/Yiddish form of the similar derivation is Rashkes.

Notable people with this surname include:

Valery Rashkin, Russian politician

Diminutive
A diminutive is a word obtained by modifying a root word to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, either to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment, and sometimes to belittle something or someone. A diminutive form (abbreviated DIM) is a word-formation device used to express such meanings. A double diminutive is a diminutive form with two diminutive suffixes rather than one.
2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia
The 2026 United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the 14 U.S. representatives from the State of Georgia, one from all 14 of the state's congressional districts. The elections will coincide with other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate, and various state and local elections. The primary elections will take place on May 19, 2026, and in races where no candidate receives over 50% in a primary, runoff elections will take place on June 16.

2026 United States elections
Elections are scheduled to be held in the United States, in large part, on November 3, 2026. In this U.S. midterm election, scheduled to occur during Republican president Donald Trump's nonconsecutive second term, all 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives and 35 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate will be contested to determine the 120th United States Congress. 39 state and territorial U.S. gubernatorial elections, attorney general elections, and numerous state and local elections, will also be contested.
2015–16 Vijay Hazare Trophy Group B
2015–16 Vijay Hazare Trophy is the 14th season of the Vijay Hazare Trophy, a List A cricket tournament in India. It is contested by 27 domestic cricket teams of India divided into 4 Groups. The winner will advance to play 2015–16 Deodhar Trophy.

The top two teams advanced to the quarter finals.

Vijay Hazare Trophy
The Vijay Hazare Trophy is a cricket tournament played in India. It is administered by the Board of Control for Cricket in India and is contested by state and city teams in a league and playoff format. Along with the inter-zonal Deodhar Trophy, it forms the top level of List A cricket in the country, and is an important feeder tournament for selection in the Indian National Cricket Team. Matches consist of 50 overs per side, similar to One Day International matches. It was initially a zonal tournament, and became a national tournament in 2002. Vidarbha are the defending champions, after having won the 2025-26 edition.
Sporting Club
Sporting Club, formerly OnGoal, LLC, is a group of Kansas City investors that owns or represents a portfolio of athletic organizations under the Sporting Club umbrella. Its flagship property is Major League Soccer franchise Sporting Kansas City.

Sporting Club consists of four principals: Clifford Illig (co-founder and vice-chairman of the Cerner board), Greg Maday (CEO of SpecChem), Robb Heineman (CEO of Sporting Club), and Kansas City Chiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes, who joined the ownership group in 2021. Pat Curran (founder of C3 Holdings) and Neal Patterson (CEO and co-founder of the Cerner Corporation) were prior partners before dying in 2017 and 2024, respectively.

Oracle Health
Oracle Health, formerly known as Cerner Corporation before it was acquired by Oracle, is an American multinational provider of health information technology (HIT) platforms and services. It is headquartered in North Kansas City, Missouri, United States. The company is a leading electronic health record (EHR) provider, with over 9.5 million customers.
Pavel Kohout (organist)
Pavel Kohout (born 1976 in Prague, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech organist.

He is a graduate of the Prague Conservatory and the Faculty of Music of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague under the tutelage of Prof. Jaroslav Tůma. In 1999–2000 he continued his studies at the Conservatorium van Amsterdam in the Netherlands under renowned specialist Prof. Jacques van Oortmerssen.

Prague Conservatory
The Prague Conservatory (Czech: Pražská konzervatoř) is a public music school in Prague, Czech Republic, founded in 1808. Currently, the school offers four- or six-year courses, which can be compared to the level of a high school diploma in other countries. Graduates can continue their training by enrolling in an institution that offers undergraduate education.
Taepyong station
Taep'yŏng station is railway station in Taep'yŏng-ri, Man'gyŏngdae-guyŏk, P'yŏngyang, North Korea, on the P'yŏngnam Line of the Korean State Railway. The station is on the single-track mainline, serving as a halt for passenger trains.

The station was opened, along with the rest of the mainline of the P'yŏngnam Line, on 16 October 1910 by the Chosen Government Railway.

Mangyongdae-guyok
Man'gyŏngdae-guyŏk or Man'gyŏngdae District (Korean: 만경대구역) is one of the 18 guyŏk (wards) that constitute P'yŏngyang, North Korea. It began as a village called Man'gyŏngdae-ri in South P'yŏngan Province before becoming a district of P'yŏngyang in September 1959. The area is surrounded by several hills, the highest one named Man'gyŏng Hill (Korean for 'Ten thousand views hill') because one can enjoy a bird's-eye view of the surrounding scenic landscape, and the village at its foot is called Man'gyŏngdae. Man'gyŏngdae was the birthplace of North Korean leader Kim Il Sung.

Man'gyŏngdae-guyŏk extends to the west past the Sunhwa River, to Kangso-gun. Kwangbok Street is a residential district of high rise apartments populated by members of the DPRK media and cultural institutions.