hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iain Hook
Iain John Hook (1948 – 22 November 2002) was a British aid worker and military officer who worked for the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) as project manager in the rebuilding of Jenin Refugee Camp in West Bank, which was home to 13,000 Palestinian refugees.

After Hook left a voice message with Israeli authorities that Palestinian militants ("shabab"-youth) had "knocked a hole in the wall" and "pinned down" his men, during an engagement in Jenin, he was shot and killed by an Israel Defense Forces sniper. Israeli Army radio said that the sniper who killed him mistook his cell phone for a handgun or grenade. A United Nations Security Council resolution condemning Israel was vetoed by the United States. In 2005, a British inquest jury returned a verdict of unlawful killing.

Palestinian refugee camps
Palestinian refugee camps were first established to accommodate Palestinians who were displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight during the 1948 Palestine war. Camps were established by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. A subsequent wave of Palestinian refugees were created in the Naksa after the Six-Day War in 1967.

There are 68 Palestinian refugee camps in total, 58 official and 10 unofficial, ten of which were established after the Six-Day War while the others were established in 1948 to 1950s.

Only a third of registered Palestinian refugees live within the boundaries of the refugee camps. Most have integrated socially and economically outside the camps. Many live in adjacent geographic areas.

The number of registered Palestine refugees grew from 750,000 in 1950 to around 5 million in 2013.
Ahmednagar North Assembly constituency
Ahmednagar North Vidhan Sabha seat was one of the constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha, in India. It was a segment of Ahmednagar Lok Sabha constituency. Ahmednagar North seat existed until the 2004 elections after which it was defunct in 2008.

Maharashtra Legislative Assembly
The Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (ISO: Mahārāṣṭra Vidhānasabhā) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Maharashtra state in western India. It consists of 288 members directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The Assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan in Mumbai, though the winter session is held in Nagpur. Along with the Maharashtra Legislative Council, it constitutes the legislature of Maharashtra. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. Members of the Assembly are directly elected by the people of Maharashtra through elections held every five years, unless the Assembly is dissolved earlier. The current Assembly was elected in November 2024.
Frost damage (construction)
Frost damage is caused by moisture freezing in the construction. Frost damage can occur as cracks, stone splinters and swelling of the material.

When water freezes, the volume of water increases by 9 %. When the volumetric moisture content exceeds 91 %, then the volume increase of water in the pores of the material caused by freezing cannot be absorbed by sufficient empty pores. This causes an increase in the internal pressure. If this pressure exceeds the tensile strength of the material, then micro-cracks occur. Visible frost damage develops after an accumulation of micro-cracks as a result of several freeze-thaw cycles.

Frost damage can be prevented by the use of frost-proof materials, i.e., a material which has sufficient closed pores, by which the volume increase caused by the freezing of water in capillary pores can be absorbed by the ice-free closed pores.

Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or  in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ultimate tensile strength can be higher.

The ultimate tensile strength is usually found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress versus strain. The highest point of the stress–strain curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has units of stress. The equivalent point for the case of compression, instead of tension, is called the compressive strength.

Tensile strengths are rarely of any consequence in the design of ductile members, but they are important with brittle members. They are tabulated for common materials such as alloys, composite materials, ceramics, plastics, and wood.
Quit (band)
Quit is an American pop punk band from Miami, Florida, United States, formed in 1988. The band was founded by Andre Serafini, Russell Mofsky, Antonio Rocha and Addison Burns. Quit has released one studio album and been on numerous compilations and one DVD compilation. Quit released Earlier Thoughts in 1990 when most of the members were 18 and 19 years old. Quit has played shows with Green Day, Helmet, and Fugazi. Quit has recorded over four full-length albums of material.

Fugazi
Fugazi (/fuˈɡɑːzi/; foo-GAH-zee) is an American post-hardcore band formed in Washington, D.C., in 1986. The band consists of guitarists and vocalists Ian MacKaye and Guy Picciotto, bassist Joe Lally, and drummer Brendan Canty. They were noted for their style-transcending music, DIY ethical stance, manner of business practice, and contempt for the music industry.

Fugazi performed numerous worldwide tours and produced six studio albums, a film, and a comprehensive live series, gaining the band critical acclaim and success around the world. Highly influential on punk and alternative music, the band has been on an indefinite hiatus since 2003.
Canton of Lunéville-1
The canton of Lunéville-1 is an administrative division of the Meurthe-et-Moselle department, northeastern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Lunéville.

It consists of the following communes:

Lunéville
Lunéville (French pronunciation: [lynevil]; German: Lünstadt [ˈlʏnʃtat] ⓘ; Lorrain: Leneinvile) is a commune in the northeastern French  department of Meurthe-et-Moselle.

It is a subprefecture of the department and lies on the river Meurthe at its confluence with the Vezouze.
Half Island Cove, Nova Scotia
Half Island Cove is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Guysborough in Guysborough County.

The beach at Half Island Cove is one of the warmest beaches in Nova Scotia.

Guysborough County
Guysborough County (Scottish Gaelic: Siorramachd a' Mhainisdeir) is a historic county in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. The area was first inhabited by the indigenous Mi'kmaq, and was colonized by France in the 17th century. Following the defeat of France in North America, the area was settled by loyalists after the American Revolutionary War. The county was created when it was split from Sydney County in 1836. Guysborough County was divided into two administrative districts with separate councils and courts in 1879: Guysborough and St. Mary's. The town of Canso was incorporated in 1901, followed by Mulgrave in 1923. Canso was dissolved as a town in 2012.

While there has been no county administration since 1879, Guysborough County exists as a census subdivision. As of 2021, Guysborough County had a population of 7,373, down from a peak population of 18,320 in 1901. The largest communities are Canso, Mulgrave, Sherbrooke, and Guysborough.
Helge Nordahl
Helge Nordahl (12 January 1927 – 31 March 2018) was a Norwegian philologist.

Nordahl graduated from the University of Oslo in 1953 with the cand.philol. degree in French. He was a part-time teacher at Oslo Cathedral School from 1954 to 1956, teacher at Trondheim Cathedral School from 1956 to 1963, lecturer at the University of Bergen from 1963 to 1970, docent at the University of Oslo from 1970 to 1972 and professor of Romance languages at the University of Oslo from 1972 to 1996.

Nordahl took the dr.philos. degree in 1969 with the thesis Les systèmes du subjonctif corrélatif: étude sur l'emploi des modes dans la subordonnée complétive en français moderne. He was a member of the Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature, and served as its praeses from 1988 to 1995. He resided at Gjettum. He died at age 91.

Norwegian Academy
The Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature (Norwegian: Det Norske Akademi for Språk og Litteratur), commonly known as the Norwegian Academy, is a Norwegian learned body on matters pertaining to the modern Norwegian language in its Dano-Norwegian variety, now commonly known as Riksmål and Bokmål. The academy was established in the Norwegian government's honorary residence Grotten in 1953 based on the model of the Swedish Academy and the French Academy, but the idea was originally conceived by Bjørn Bjørnson in 1913. Its members are elected for life on the basis of scholarly, literary or artistic merits. The academy publishes the main dictionary of Norwegian, Det Norske Akademis ordbok ("Dictionary of the Norwegian Academy", www.naob.no), is responsible for regulating the written standard known as Riksmål ("National Language") and has a literary and cultural purpose. The academy awards the Norwegian Academy Prize in memory of Thorleif Dahl.
Fort de Flémalle
50°36′27.8″N 5°27′54.0″E﻿ / ﻿50.607722°N 5.465000°E﻿ / 50.607722; 5.465000

The Fort de Flémalle (French pronunciation: [fɔʁ də flemal]) is one of twelve forts built around Liège, Belgium, in the late 19th century. The overall Fortified Position of Liège was a constituent part of the country's National Redoubt. Fort de Flémalle was built between 1881 and 1884 according to the plans of General Henri Alexis Brialmont. Contrasting with the French forts built in the same era by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, the fort was built exclusively of unreinforced concrete, a new material, rather than masonry. The fort was heavily bombarded by German artillery in the Battle of Liège. Attacked in both World War I and World War II, the fort has been preserved as a museum.

National Redoubt (Belgium)
The National Redoubt (French: Réduit national, Dutch: Nationale bolwerk) refers to a  95 km (59 mi)-long ring of forts around the major port city of Antwerp, Belgium built between 1859 and 1914. By 1914, it consisted of 28 forts arranged in two rings around the city.

The fortifications served as a cornerstone for Belgian defensive strategy alongside later rings of forts around Liège and Namur until 1940.
Hamartia (album)
Hamartia is the tenth studio album by the American death-doom band Novembers Doom. The album was released on April 14, 2017 via The End Records. It marks the first time in the band's existence to have the same line up on two consecutive albums. Hamartia, in literature, is the flaw in character which leads to the downfall of the protagonist in a tragedy, particularly in ancient Greek ones.

Death-doom
Death-doom (also known as death-doom metal or doom-death) is a fusion genre of death metal and doom metal. It combines the slow tempos and pessimistic or depressive mood of doom metal with the deep growling vocals and double-kick drumming of death metal. The genre emerged in the late 1980s and gained a certain amount of popularity during the 1990s, but had become less common by the turn of the 21st century. In turn, death-doom gave rise to the closely related genre of funeral doom as well as to the more melodic, gloomy and romantic gothic metal.
David de Lindsay
Sir David de Lindsay (died 1214), Lord of Luffness, Crawford, Ercildum (now Earlston) and Limési, known as "the elder" to distinguish him from his son, was an Anglo-Scottish baron of the 12th and 13th century.

Crawford, South Lanarkshire
Crawford is a village and civil parish in South Lanarkshire, Scotland.

Crawford is close to the source of the River Clyde and the A74(M) motorway, 50 miles (80 km) southeast of Glasgow and 53 miles (85 km) northwest of Carlisle. It has a population of around 300 people and a school.
2004 Ladies German Open – Doubles
Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but lost in semifinals to Nadia Petrova and Meghann Shaughnessy. The latter pair eventually won the title, by defeating Janette Husárová and Conchita Martínez 6–2, 2–6, 6–1 in the final.

It was the 7th doubles title for both Petrova and Shaughnessy in their respective careers. It was also the 3rd title for the pair during this season, after their wins in Miami and Amelia Island.

Meghann Shaughnessy
Meghann Shaughnessy (born April 13, 1979) is an American former professional tennis player. She achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 11 in 2001 and won six titles on the WTA Tour. Her best doubles ranking was world No. 4, and she won 17 career doubles titles, including the WTA Championships in 2004. She is best known for her serve, which was one of the most powerful on tour, and has produced as many as 22 aces in a match.

Shaughnessy was coached and managed by Rafael Font de Mora for most of her career. She is the niece of Dan Shaughnessy, a Boston Globe sports columnist.
Dale Stoffel
Dale C. Stoffel (November 18, 1961 – December 8, 2004) was an American businessman and arms dealer who was involved with the American reconstruction efforts following the Iraq War. After alerting the Pentagon to corruption and payment irregularities involving U.S. personnel in the Coalition Provisional Authority and with the Iraqi government, he was killed in an ambush in Taji, Iraq.

Taji, Iraq
Taji or Al-Taji (Arabic: التاجي) is a rural town around 30 kilometers (18 mi) north of the city of Baghdad, within Baghdad Governorate and Salah ad Din Governorate.

Taji has about 200,000 inhabitants. Many are Sunni Arab Muslims who work in the farming and agriculture sector.

The area of Taji district is 388 square kilometers, equivalent to 155,200 dunums, and its borders are the Tigris River to the east, Tarmiyah district to the north, Anbar Governorate to the west, and the center of Kadhimiya district and Dhat al-Salasil district to the south.
Don Shanks (stuntman)
Donald L. Shanks (born February 26, 1950) is an American actor and stuntman, known for his role as Michael Myers in Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers, and Nakoma, the Native American friend of the title character in the 1977 television series The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams.

The Last Sin Eater (film)
The Last Sin Eater is an American film released on February 9, 2007, directed by Michael Landon Jr. and distributed by Fox Faith. It is based on the 1998 novel of the same name by Francine Rivers. It was produced by Believe Pictures.
2024 Queensland local elections
The 2024 Queensland local elections were held on 16 March 2024 to elect the mayors and councils of the 77 local government areas in Queensland, Australia.

The original scheduled elections date of 30 March 2024 was moved ahead to 16 March to avoid clashing with Easter holidays.

The elections were held on the same day as the state by-elections in Inala and Ipswich West.

There was a surprisingly large number of candidates elected unopposed in many council elections across Queensland, including some mayoral races. The lack of opposition to these candidates was criticised by experts as being bad for democracy.

Local government areas of Queensland
This is a list of local government areas (LGAs) in Queensland, Australia, sorted by region. For the history and responsibilities of local government in that state, see Local government in Queensland. For former local government areas in Queensland, see List of former local government areas of Queensland.
Fujairah F1 IWPP
Fujairah F1 Independent Water and Power Plant or Fujairah F1 IWPP is an independent water and power plant (IWPP) at Qidfa', Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates. It is located next to the Fujairah F2 IWPP. It is 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of Khor Fakkan and 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of the city of Fujairah.  When constructed, the Fujairah plant was the first hybrid plant in the Middle East, and the largest desalination hybrid plant in the world.

Fujairah
Fujairah City (Arabic: الفجيرة) is the capital of the emirate of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates. It is the seventh-largest city in UAE, located on the Gulf of Oman (part of the Indian Ocean). It is the only Emirati capital city on the UAE's east coast. The city of Fujairah is an industrial and commercial hub located on the west coast of the Indian Ocean that sits at the foothills of the Hajar Mountains.
Joanne B. Ciulla
Joanne Bridgett Ciulla (born June 16, 1952) is an American philosopher. She is a pioneer in the field of leadership ethics as well as teaching and publishing on business Ethics. She is currently a professor at the Rutgers Business School - Newark and New Brunswick and is the director of the Institute for Ethical Leadership. She has received several awards for her contributions to leadership studies and business ethics.

Society for Business Ethics
The Society for Business Ethics is a non-profit organization established in 1980 to promote the advancement and understanding of ethics in business. Its mission is to provide a forum in which moral, legal, empirical, and philosophical issues of business ethics may be openly discussed and analyzed. Members include scholars, students, and professionals from several countries with a common interest in research, teaching, or the application of ethical principles to business management. The society sponsors a scholarly journal, Business Ethics Quarterly, publishes a newsletter, and hosts an annual conference. Individual members receive access to the journal, the right to vote for candidates for the Board of Directors, and a discount on registration for the annual conference.
Time for the Stars
Time for the Stars is a juvenile science fiction novel by American writer Robert A. Heinlein, published by Scribner's in 1956 as one of the Heinlein juveniles. The basic plot line is derived from a 1911 thought experiment in special relativity, commonly called the twin paradox, proposed by French physicist Paul Langevin.

Thought experiment
A thought experiment is an imaginary scenario that is meant to elucidate or test an argument or theory. It is often an experiment that would be hard, impossible, or unethical to actually perform. It can also be an abstract hypothetical that is meant to test our intuitions about morality or other fundamental philosophical questions.
Prądno
Prądno [ˈprɔndnɔ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Barlinek, Myślibórz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Barlinek, 27 km (17 mi) east of Myślibórz, and 67 km (42 mi) southeast of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Myślibórz County
Myślibórz County (Polish: powiat myśliborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship (a voivodeship, or province that is found in northwestern Poland along the German border). It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Myślibórz, which lies 57 kilometres (35 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Barlinek, lying 24 km (15 mi) east of Myślibórz, and Dębno, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Myślibórz.

The county covers an area of 1,181.95 square kilometres (456.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 67,412, out of which the population of Barlinek is 14,156, that of Dębno is 13,903, that of Myślibórz is 11,867, and the rural population is 27,486.
Rudolf Pfeiffer
Rudolf Carl Franz Otto Pfeiffer (20 September 1889 – 5 May 1979) was a German classical philologist. He is known today primarily for his landmark, two-volume edition of Callimachus and the two volumes of his History of Classical Scholarship, in addition to numerous articles and lectures related to these projects and to the fragmentary satyr plays of Aeschylus and Sophocles.

Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities
The Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities (German: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften) is an independent public institution, located in Munich. It appoints scholars whose research has contributed considerably to the increase of knowledge within their subject. The general goal of the academy is the promotion of interdisciplinary encounters and contacts and the cooperation of representatives of different subjects.
Under the Red Sky
Under the Red Sky is the twenty-seventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. It was released on September 10, 1990, through Columbia Records. The album was produced by Don Was, David Was, and Dylan himself (under the pseudonym Jack Frost).

The album was largely greeted as a disappointing follow-up to 1989's critically acclaimed Oh Mercy. Most of the criticism was directed at the slick sound of rock producer Don Was, as well as a handful of tracks that seem rooted in children's nursery rhymes. It is a rarity in Dylan's catalog for its inclusion of celebrity cameos by Jimmie Vaughan, Slash, Elton John, George Harrison, David Crosby, Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Bruce Hornsby. The album's highest chart position worldwide was in Norway, where it peaked at No. 4.

David Was
David Jay Weiss, known as David Was, is an American musician, music producer and journalist. With his life-long friend and stage-brother Don Was, he was the founder of the 1980s pop group Was (Not Was).
Church of St Mary The Virgin, Timsbury
The Anglican Church of St Mary The Virgin in Timsbury within the English county of Somerset is a Grade II* listed building.

An old church on the site had fallen into disrepair by the 1820s. The church was rebuilt in 1826–32 and the east end added in 1852 by Sir George Gilbert Scott.

In the churchyard are monuments to James Collins, Robert Langford, the Parsons family, two Smith monuments and one unidentified.

The rectory dates from around 1820.

The parish is part of the benefice of Timsbury with Priston, Camerton and Dunkerton within the Diocese of Bath and Wells.

Diocese of Bath and Wells
The Diocese of Bath and Wells is a diocese in the Church of England Province of Canterbury in England.

The diocese covers the county of Somerset and a small area of Dorset.  The Episcopal seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells is located in the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew in the city of Wells in Somerset.
Ambunti
Ambunti is a town in Ambunti-Dreikikier District of East Sepik Province in Papua New Guinea. It has a population of 2,110.

The town serves as a gateway to April Salome Forest Management Area.

The patrol base at Ambunti featured in the 1971 documentary A Blank on the Map.

The Middle Sepik Languages are spoken nearby

A Blank on the Map
A Blank on the Map is a television documentary produced by the BBC. Written and presented by David Attenborough, it documents his time filming in New Guinea. It was first broadcast in the UK on December 29, 1971, and is currently available on the DVD collection Attenborough in Paradise and Other Personal Voyages.