hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wangdi Norbu
Lyonpo Wangdi Norbu is a Bhutanese politician who served as Finance Minister in the Council of Ministers from July 2003 to July 2007, and from April 2008 to May 2013. He was the chairman of Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan from 2003 to 2007 and from 2008 to 2010.

He graduated from the University of Western Australia with a bachelor's degree in economics in 1976. He became a Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party (DPT) member of the National Assembly of Bhutan for the constituency of Bartsham Shongphu at the country's first National Assembly election in 2008. He retained the same seat at the 2013 National Assembly election.

Druk Phuensum Tshogpa
Druk Phuensum Tshogpa  (Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཕུན་སུམ་ཚོགས་པ།; Wylie: 'brug phun-sum tshog-pa; translation: Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party; abbr. DPT) is one of the major political parties in Bhutan. It was formed on 25 July 2007 as a merger of the All People's Party and the Bhutan People's United Party, which were both short-lived. The working committee of the merged entity, headed by the former home minister, Jigmi Yoezer Thinley, decided on the name for the new party. On 15 August 2007, Jigmi Yoezer Thinley was elected president of the party, and the party applied for registration, thus becoming the second political party in Bhutan to do so. On 2 October 2007, the Election Commission of Bhutan registered the party. On 24 March 2008, the party won the first general election held in Bhutan. The party secured 45 of the 47 seats to the National Assembly. The party tends to be more popular in the east of the country.
Battaramulla
Battaramulla is an Urban Area under the administration of Kaduwela and is situated 8.4 km (5 mi) from the Colombo Fort, near the Parliament of Sri Lanka. It is one of the fastest developing administrative, commercial and residential areas in the Colombo District, being home to the country's elite. Battaramulla is an important town in Sri Lanka, because of the Sri Lankan government's decision to locate all the government department head offices in this town.

Colombo District
Colombo District (Sinhala: කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය kol̠am̆ba distrikkaya; Tamil: கொழும்பு மாவட்டம் Koḻumpu Māvaṭṭam) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the city of Colombo. The district of Colombo was officially recorded in 2016 as having the highest income on average, per household. There are smaller places like Kottawa
Dulcot, Tasmania
Dulcot is a rural residential locality in the local government area (LGA) of Clarence in the Hobart LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of the town of Rosny Park. The 2016 census recorded a population of 235 for the state suburb of Dulcot.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Jan Lipowski
Jan Lipowski (February 20, 1912 – April 5, 1996) was a Polish alpine skier who competed at the 1948 Winter Olympics in Saint Moritz, where he failed to finish in the men's slalom following a fall. He was born in Zakopane and graduated from the law school at Jagiellonian University. He was the Polish national champion in the special slalom in 1936, having finished second in the Nordic combined in 1935 and later placing runner-up in the downhill event in 1937. He served as an alpine skiing coach out of Wisła Zakopane following the Olympics.

Alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics – Men's slalom
The men's alpine skiing slalom event was part of the alpine skiing at the 1948 Winter Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition consisted of was held on Thursday, February 5, 1948. Seventy-seven alpine skiers from 22 nations competed.
Mchuchuma
Mchuchuma in south western Tanzania near Ludewa off the northern tip of Lake Nyasa, is the site of major coal deposits.  There is also a thermal power station costing$612m.  Recent studies indicate that Mchuchuma/Ketewaka coal deposits should be connected to the coast by rail to facilitate exports. The railway that will be built will be part of the Mtwara Development Corridor project.

Ludewa
Ludewa is a town and ward in Ludewa District of Njombe Region in Tanzania, East Africa. The town is the administrative seat for Ludewa District. As of the 2002 census, the ward had a population of  8,747.
Michal Nekola
Michal Nekola (born 12 July 1970) is a Czech volleyball player and coach. Between 2017 and 2020, he was the main coach of the Czech national team, which he coached at the 2017 and 2019 Men's European Volleyball Championships.

2019 Men's European Volleyball Championship
The 2019 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the 31st edition of the Men's European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the CEV. For the first time the EuroVolley was held in four countries: France, Slovenia, Belgium and Netherlands. The tournament ran from 12 to 29 September 2019. The number of national teams participating in the event was also expanded from 16 to 24.

Serbia won the title over finalist Slovenia in the final held in Paris.
Kilauea-class ammunition ship
The Kilauea class ammunition ship was a class of eight United States Navy cargo vessels designed for underway replenishment of naval warships. The ships were constructed 1968–1972 and were initially commissioned naval ships, carrying a crew of naval personnel. At various dates 1980–96 these ships were decommissioned and transferred to the Military Sealift Command for civilian operation. They were eventually all replaced by the Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ships. The lead ship of the class, Kilauea, was commissioned on 10 August 1968, and the last, the Kiska, on 16 December 1972.

Underway replenishment
Underway replenishment (UNREP) (U.S. Navy) or replenishment at sea (RAS) (North Atlantic Treaty Organization/Commonwealth of Nations) is a method of transferring fuel, munitions, and stores from one ship to another while under way. First developed in the early 20th century, it was used extensively by the United States Navy as a logistics support technique in the Pacific theatre of World War II, permitting U.S. carrier task forces to remain at sea indefinitely.
Chōfu Domain
Chōfu Domain (長府藩, Chōfu-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now part of Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi Prefecture. It was centered around Kushizaki Castle and was ruled throughout its history by a cadet branch of the Mōri clan. Chōfu Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871. The domain was also called Nagato-Chōfu Domain (長門長府藩, Nagato-Chōfu-han) or Nagato-Fuchū Domain (長門府中藩, Nagato-Fuchū-han).

Nagato Province
Nagato Province (長門国, Nagato no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɡa.to (no kɯ.ɲi), naꜜ.ŋa-]), often called Chōshū (長州, [tɕoꜜː.ɕɯː]), was a province of Japan. It was at the extreme western end of Honshū, in the area that is today Yamaguchi Prefecture. Nagato bordered on Iwami and Suō Provinces.
Chowtapalli
Chowtapalli is a village in Gudivada mandal, Krishna district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. North of the village, there is an extended community near the National Highway called Kotha Chowtapalli. The village is well known as the birthplace of the famous singer Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao.

Veteran producer Atluri Pundarikakshai was born on August 19, 1925, in Chowtapalli village. Pundarikakshaiah produced 11 Telugu and Kannada films, including hits such as Sri Krishnavataram, Mahamantri Thimmarusu, Manushullo Devudu, Maavari Manchitanam, Melu Kolupu, and Aradhana. He acted in 35 Telugu and Kannada films. He also provided the story for the Hindi film Udhar Ka Sindur.

Mahamantri Timmarusu (film)
Mahamantri Timmarusu is a 1962 Indian Telugu-language historical drama film directed by Kamalakara Kameswara Rao. It stars N. T. Rama Rao, Devika, Gummadi with music composed by Pendyala Nageswara Rao. The film was produced by N. Ramabrahmam, A. Pundarikakshayya under the Gowtami Productions banner. The film won the President's silver medal for Best Feature Film in Telugu at the 10th National Film Awards.
Manuel Valls (composer)
Manuel Valls i Gorina (Catalan pronunciation: [mənuˈɛl ˈβaʎs]; 21 July 1920 – 1984) was a Catalan composer, pianist, music critic, and music educator.

Valls was born in Badalona. He was a first cousin of painter Xavier Valls, himself the father of former French Prime Minister Manuel Valls. He studied at the University of Barcelona and the Conservatori Superior de Música del Liceu. At the Liceu he was mentored by Aita Donostia with whom he studied music theory, music composition, and orchestration. He became a successful composer writing symphonic works, chamber music, choral music, operas, art songs, and songs for solo piano. For many years he taught composition at the University of Barcelona and wrote music reviews for El País. He died in Barcelona.

Personal papers of Manuel Valls i Gorina are preserved in the Biblioteca de Catalunya.

Manuel Valls is the composer of the music of "El Cant del Barça", the official anthem of FC Barcelona.

Library of Catalonia
The Library of Catalonia (Catalan: Biblioteca de Catalunya, IPA: [biβli.uˈtɛkə ðə kətəˈluɲə]) is the Catalan national library, located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The primary mission of the Library of Catalonia is to collect, preserve, and spread Catalan bibliographic production and that related to the Catalan linguistic area, to look after its conservation, and to spread its bibliographic heritage while maintaining the status of a center for research and consultation.

The Library occupies 8,820 m2 and has nearly about four million items. It is a special member of the Consortium of European Research Libraries (CERL).
Fusanosuke Gotō
Fusanosuke Gotō (後藤 房之助, Gotō Fusanosuke; November 15, 1879 in Kurihara, Miyagi Prefecture – July 30, 1924 in Kurihara) was a soldier in the Imperial Japanese Army, memorialized by the Memorial Statue of the Hakkōda Death March in Aomori, Japan.

In January 1902, 210 soldiers in the 5th Infantry Regiment, 2nd Battalion became trapped on the Hakkōda Mountains; this was the start of the Hakkōda Mountains disaster. Search parties discovered Gotō. The discovery led to the rescue of the other soldiers. His arms and legs were amputated as a result of frostbite.

After the incident, he retired from the army, returned to his hometown, became a member of the village assembly, and later died from a cerebral hemorrhage.

In Jirō Nitta's Death March on Mount Hakkōda: A Documentary Novel, a semi-fictional account of the disaster, Gotō is portrayed by the character Corporal Etō.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
2023 NCAA Division III football rankings
Two human polls and a committee's selections comprise the 2023 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III football rankings. Unlike in Division I's Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), the NCAA, Division III's college football's governing body, bestows a national championship on the winner of the Stagg Bowl – the championship round of a 32-team postseason tournament. The main weekly poll that begins in the preseason is the D3football.com poll which ranks the top 25 colleges in Division III football. One additional poll is released midway through the season, the AFCA Division III Coaches Poll.

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Solar cell fabric
Solar cell fabric refers to textiles that have integrated photovoltaic (PV) cells, enabling them to generate electricity when exposed to light. This integration can be achieved by embedding small-scale solar cells within textile yarns, which are then woven into a fabric, or by applying flexible photovoltaic films and coatings onto planar textiles.

Traditional silicon-based solar cells are expensive to manufacture, rigid, and fragile. Although less efficient, thin-film cells and organic polymer-based cells can be produced quickly and cheaply. They are also flexible and can be stitched onto fabric.

According to an article from New Scientist, researchers have built a photovoltaic cell in the layers around a fiber, creating a tiny cylindrical cell. No longer limited to rooftops and poles, solar collection could work silently and unobtrusively from everyday objects.

New Scientist
New Scientist is a popular science magazine covering all aspects of science and technology. Based in London, it publishes weekly English-language editions in the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia. An editorially separate organisation publishes a monthly Dutch-language edition. First published on 22 November 1956, New Scientist has been available in online form since 1996.

Sold in retail outlets (paper edition) and on subscription (paper and/or online), the magazine covers news, features, reviews and commentary on science, technology and their implications. New Scientist also publishes speculative articles, ranging from the technical to the philosophical.

New Scientist was acquired by Daily Mail and General Trust (DMGT) in March 2021.
Giles Land District
Giles Land District is a land district (cadastral division) of Western Australia, located within the Eastern and Eucla land divisions on the Nullarbor Plain. It spans roughly 29°00'S - 31°00'S in latitude and 123°30'E - 126°30'E in longitude.

The district was created on 20 October 1916 and was defined in the Government Gazette:

Bounded by lines starting from a point situate South from the summit of Mt. Luck and East from survey mark B. 82 at Brickey's Soak, and extending South to a point due East of survey mark R. 3; thence East to a point South of a point 20 miles East of the South-East corner of East Location 12; thence South to the Trans-Australian Railway Line, thence Eastward along said Railway line to the 300-mile mark; thence North to a point due East of the aforesaid survey mark B. 82, and thence West to the starting point.

Eastern Land Division
The Eastern Land Division is one of five cadastral divisions of Western Australia, within the eastern parts of the Goldfields-Esperance region and the Pilbara region. Most of its territory is covered by deserts, including the part of the Great Sandy Desert, Gibson Desert and Great Victoria Desert.
North East Live
North East Live is a 24-hour satellite news channel of Assam, India broadcasting in English and Hindi, mainly focusing on the  North-East India. Northeast Live is the first satellite English news channel covering the eight states of the Northeast. It was launched on 30 September 2013 in Arunachal Pradesh by Chief Minister Nabam Tuki in the presence of Development of North East Region (DoNER) Minister Paban Singh Ghatowar.
It is owned by Pride East Entertainments Pvt. Ltd. of Guwahati, Assam. It is a sister channel of popular Assamese news channel News Live, Rang, Ramdhenu and Indradhanu.
The channel comprises senior journalist Wasbir Hussain as editor-in-chief.

Paban Singh Ghatowar
Paban Singh Ghatowar (born 6 December 1950) is an Indian politician from Assam and a member of the Indian National Congress. He is a five-term Member of Parliament, and represented Dibrugarh Lok Sabha constituency from 1991 to 2004, and again from 2009 to 2014. He was the Chief Whip of the Congress Parliamentary Party in the Lok Sabha from 2009 to 2012. Ghatowar was a Minister of State in the Union Government of India as the Minister for Development of North Eastern Region from 2012 to 2014, for Health and Family Welfare from 1995 to 1996, and for Labour from 1991 to 1993. He was the president of the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee from 2002 to 2004.
Television in Saudi Arabia
Television in Saudi Arabia was introduced in 1965, but is now dominated by just five major companies: Middle East Broadcasting Center, SM Enterprise TV, Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation, Rotana and Saudi TV. Together, they control 80% of the pan-Arab broadcasting market.  Saudi Arabia is a major market for pan-Arab satellite and pay-TV. Saudi investors are behind the major networks MBC, which is based in Dubai, and Emirates based OSN. The Saudi government estimated that in 2000 the average Saudi spent 50% to 100% more time watching television than their European or US counterpart. On average, 2.7 hours are spent daily watching TV in Saudi Arabia.

The pay-TV market in Saudi Arabia is big, with a penetration estimated at 21%. beIN Sports is one of the largest pay-TV players in terms of subscriptions, with a market share of 59%.

Timeline of the introduction of television in countries
This is a list of when the first publicly announced television broadcasts occurred in the mentioned countries. Non-public field tests and closed circuit demonstrations are not included.

This list should not be interpreted to mean the whole of a country had television service by the specified date. For example, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and the former Soviet Union all had operational television stations and a limited number of viewers by 1939. Very few cities in each country had television service. Television broadcasts were not yet available in most places.
Liberal Union
Liberal Union is a name used by several political parties in different countries including the following.

Existing parties:

Albania - Liberal Union Party

Cuba - Cuban Liberal Union

Historical parties:

Australia - Liberal Union (South Australia) (1910–22)

Australia - Australian Liberal Union (1911–15), organisational wing of the Liberal Party (Australia, 1909)

Australia - Liberal Party (1922), also known as Liberal Union Party

Finland - Liberal League (Finland) (1951–65)

Germany - Liberal Union (Germany) (1880–84)

Italy – Liberal Union (Italy) (1913–22)

Lithuania - Liberal Union of Lithuania (1990–2003), Liberal and Centre Union (2003–14)

Netherlands - Liberal Union (Netherlands) (1885–1921)

Ottoman Empire - Liberal Union (Ottoman Empire) (1909)

Spain - Liberal Union (Spain) (1858–74)

Spain - Liberal Union (Spain, 1983) (1983–84)

Uruguay - Liberal Union (Uruguay) (1855)

Freedom and Accord Party
The Freedom and Accord Party (Ottoman Turkish: حریت و ایتلاف فرقه‌سی, romanized: Hürriyet ve İtilâf Fırkası, French: Entente Libérale) was a liberal Ottoman political party active between 1911–1913 and 1918–1919, during the Second Constitutional Era. It was the most significant opposition to Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). The political programme of the party advocated for Ottomanism, government decentralisation, the rights of ethnic minorities, and close relations with Britain. In the post-1918 Ottoman Empire, the party became known for its attempts to suppress and prosecute the CUP.

In both of its periods of existence, the party struggled with internal divisions among its diverse factions, resulting in a disorganised opposition to the CUP.
Order of the Polar Star (Norway)
For the Order of the Polar Star in Sweden, see Order of the Polar Star.

The Order of the Polar Star (Norwegian: Polarstjerneordenen; abbreviated PSO), established in 1894, is a private order in Norway. It is granted to persons who with significance have contributed to the development or the protection of Norwegian art and cultural heritage.

The Order of the Polar Star was established by Mikkel Dobloug on 18 October 1894, his 50th birthday. In 1997 the Order was revitalised by Dobloug's great-great-grandson Christian Mikkel Dobloug.

Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson was among the first receivers of the Order. Among recent years' receivers are prominent persons in Norway, among others Carl Nicolaus of Wedel Jarlsberg and Stein Erik Hagen.

Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
Bjørnstjerne Martinius Bjørnson (/ˈbjɜːrnsən/ BYURN-sən, Norwegian: [ˈbjø̂ːɳstjæːɳə mɑrˈtiːnɪʉ̂s ˈbjø̂ːɳsɔn]; 8 December 1832 – 26 April 1910) was a Norwegian writer who received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit". The first Norwegian Nobel laureate, he was a prolific polemicist and extremely influential in Norwegian public life and Scandinavian cultural debate. Bjørnson is considered to be one of the four great Norwegian writers, alongside Ibsen, Lie, and Kielland. He is also celebrated for his lyrics to the Norwegian national anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet". The composer Fredrikke Waaler based a composition for voice and piano (Spinnersken) on a text by Bjørnson, as did Anna Teichmüller (Die Prinzessin).
A Family Party
A Family Party, published in 1956, is a novella by American writer John O'Hara (1905–1970). It is the story of the public life of small town doctor Samuel G. Merritt of Lyons, Pennsylvania (O'Hara's fictionalized version of Lykens, Pennsylvania), with glimpses into his private life, presented as a stenographic report of a speech given by his best friend, Albert W. Shoemaker, at a testimonial dinner honoring Dr. Merritt's fortieth anniversary as a working doctor.

Lykens, Pennsylvania
Lykens is a borough in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. Anthracite coal mining sustained a population of 2,762 in 1900 and 2,943 in 1910. The population was 1,865 at the 2020 census.

Lykens is part of the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area.