hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uniseum
The Uniseum is the university museum of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. The name is a portmanteau of Universität and Museum (university and museum). As a neologism, it is trademarked.

Opened in 2004, the museum documents the history of Freiburg’s university from its foundation in 1457 up to the German student movement of the 1960s. The artefacts are organised on a thematic basis. Moreover, each of the university’s more influential disciplines - medicine, natural sciences and humanities - has its own designated section. Furthermore, there is a Cabinet of curiosities modelled after the ones from the Renaissance period, as well as a collection of moulages.

The Uniseum is located in the building of the Alte Universität (Old University), which has served as a university building since 1557. The vaulted cellars of the building offer a glimpse into the history of the building and its architectural antecedents.

Moulage
Moulage (French for 'casting' / 'moulding') is the art of applying mock injuries for the purpose of training emergency response teams and other medical and military personnel.  Moulage may be as simple as applying pre-made rubber or latex "wounds" to a healthy "patient's" limbs, chest, head, etc., or as complex as using makeup and theatre techniques to provide elements of realism (such as blood, vomitus, open fractures, etc.) to the training simulation.  The practice dates to at least the Renaissance, when wax figures were used for this purpose.

In Germany some universities and hospitals use their historical moulage collections for the training of students. The often very lifelike models are especially useful to show the students today the characteristics of rare diseases, such as skin tuberculosis or leprosy.
1987 Bremen state election
The 1987 Bremen state election was held on 13 September 1987 to elect the members of the 12th Bürgerschaft of Bremen, as well as the city councils of Bremen and Bremerhaven. The incumbent Social Democratic Party (SPD) government, led by Mayor Klaus Wedemeier, lost four seats but retained its majority. Wedemeier had become mayor following the resignation of his predecessor, Hans Koschnick, in September 1985.

The Free Democratic Party (FDP) returned to the parliament with 10 seats after having no reprensentation following the results of the previous election. Additionally, the German People's Union (DVU) won their first seat in the history of the parliament.

Majority
A majority is more than half of a total; however, the term is commonly used with other meanings, as explained in the "Related terms" section below.

It is a subset of a set consisting of more than half of the set's elements. For example, if a group consists of 31 individuals, a majority would be 16 or more individuals, while having 15 or fewer individuals would not constitute a majority.

A majority is different from, but often confused with, a plurality (or relative majority in British English), which is a subset larger than any other subset but not necessarily more than half the set. See the "Related terms" section below for details.
Silver mining in Colorado
Silver mining in Colorado has taken place since the 1860s. In the past, Colorado called itself the Silver State.  (Nevada also calls itself the Silver State. Idaho, however, actually produces the most silver in the US.)

Sphalerite
Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn, Fe)S. It is the most important ore of zinc. Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in sedimentary exhalative, Mississippi-Valley type, and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. It is found in association with galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite (and other sulfides), calcite, dolomite, quartz, rhodochrosite, and fluorite.

German geologist Ernst Friedrich Glocker discovered sphalerite in 1847, naming it based on the Greek word sphaleros, meaning "deceiving", due to the difficulty of identifying the mineral.

In addition to zinc, sphalerite is an ore of cadmium, gallium, germanium, and indium. Miners have been known to refer to sphalerite as zinc blende, black-jack, and ruby blende. Marmatite is an opaque black variety with a high iron content.
Alaria (flatworm)
Alaria is a genus of flatworms, or trematodes, in the family Diplostomidae.

Alaria is a genus of small parasitic worm about 2–6 mm long and approximately 2 mm wide. It is usually found in the small intestine of dogs, cats, or wild carnivores. It is most commonly found in Europe, Asia, and the Americas.  The body consists of two shaped parts: the anterior, which is flat, and the posterior, which is conical to cylindrical. 
Species of Alaria have two suckers, the oral and the ventral. They have only one opening, the mouth. They are hermaphroditic.

Trematoda
Trematoda is a class of flatworms known as trematodes, and commonly as flukes. They are obligate internal parasites with a complex life cycle requiring at least two hosts. The intermediate host, in which asexual reproduction occurs, is a mollusk, usually a snail. The definitive host, where the flukes sexually reproduce, is a vertebrate. Infection by trematodes can cause disease in all five vertebrate groups: mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish.
Mars Hill terrane
The Mars Hill terrane (MHT) is a belt of rocks exposed in the southern Appalachian Mountains, between Roan Mountain, North Carolina and Mars Hill, North Carolina. The terrane is located at the junction between the Western Blue Ridge and the Eastern Blue Ridge Mountains.

The unique lithology., age, and metamorphic history of the MHT suggest an exotic terrane origin, unrelated to either the Laurentian or peri-Gondwanan terranes that make up most of the Appalachian Mountains. Whole-rock Rb-Sr dating suggests an age of 1.8 Ga for the MHT, making it the oldest terrane in the southern Appalachians by 600 million years.

Laurentia
Laurentia or the North American craton is a large continental craton that forms the ancient geological core of North America. Many times in its past, Laurentia has been a separate continent, as it is now in the form of North America, although originally it also included the cratonic areas of Greenland and the Hebridean terrane in northwest Scotland. During other times in its past, Laurentia has been part of larger continents and supercontinents and consists of many smaller terranes assembled on a network of early Proterozoic orogenic belts. Small microcontinents and oceanic islands collided with and sutured onto the ever-growing Laurentia, and together formed the stable Precambrian craton seen today.
Division of Wimmera
The Division of Wimmera was an Australian electoral division in the state of Victoria. It was named after the Wimmera region in which it was partially located. The division was proclaimed in 1900, and was one of the original 65 divisions to be contested at the first federal election.

It originally encompassed Mildura, Swan Hill and Warracknabeal. In 1949, the Division of Mallee took the seat's northern area.

By the time the seat was abolished on 31 October 1977, it had drifted south and grown smaller to only include Ararat, Horsham and Maryborough. It become part of the Division of Mallee, reuniting the two divisions.

Warracknabeal
Warracknabeal (/ˈwɒrɪknəbiːl/ WORR-ik-nə-beel) is a town in the Australian state of Victoria, located in the  Victorian wheatbelt. Situated on the banks of the Yarriambiack Creek, 330 km northwest of Melbourne, it is the business and services centre of the northern Wimmera and southern Mallee districts, and hosts local government offices of the Shire of Yarriambiack. At the 2021 census, the Warracknabeal township had a population of 2,359.
Grossfeld
Grossfeld is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abie Grossfeld (born 1934), American gymnast and coach

Muriel Grossfeld (1940–2021), American gymnast

Norman J. Grossfeld (born 1963), American television producer

Stan Grossfeld (born 1951), American photographer, writer and editor

Abie Grossfeld
Abraham Israel "Abie" Grossfeld (born March 1, 1934) is an American gymnastics coach and former gymnast. Grossfeld represented the United States as a gymnast for 15 consecutive years in 35 countries as a member of 26 international United States men's national artistic gymnastics teams including the Olympic Games, World Championships, and Pan American Games.
Operation First Light 2024
Operation First Light 2024 was an international law enforcement operation targeting online scammers. Scams that were taken down included phishing, romance scams, investment scams, fake shopping websites, and other internet fraud. The operation is believed to have identified 14,643 other suspects.

Romance scam
A romance scam is a confidence trick involving feigning romantic intentions towards a victim, gaining the victim's affection, and then using that goodwill to get the victim to send money to the scammer under false pretenses or to commit fraud against the victim.  Fraudulent acts may involve access to the victim's money, bank accounts, credit cards, passports, Cash App, e-mail accounts, or national identification numbers; or forcing the victims to commit financial fraud on their behalf. These scams are often perpetrated by a fraud factory operated by organized criminal gangs, who work together to take money from multiple victims at a time. Pig butchering scam (PBS or PB Scam) is increasingly rampant and widespread type of romance scam which usually also entail the high-yield investment program (HYIP) scam.

Scams can be detected and prevented with simple precautions.   More money is lost each year to romance scams than to similar internet scams, such as technical support scams.
Dolors Montserrat
Dolors Montserrat i Montserrat (Catalan pronunciation: [duˈloz munsəˈrat]; born 18 September 1973) is a Spanish lawyer and politician who serves as Member of the European Parliament. Previously, she served as Minister of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain from 2016 to 2018, when a vote of no-confidence against Mariano Rajoy ousted the government.

In addition, Montserrat has also been Member of the Congress of Deputies in the Cortes Generales between 2008 and 2019 by Barcelona. She is the daughter of the businesswoman, and also politician of the People's Party, Dolors Montserrat i Culleré.

People's Party of Catalonia
The People's Party of Catalonia (Catalan: Partit Popular de Catalunya, Spanish: Partido Popular de Cataluña, PP or PPC) is a conservative, Christian-democratic political party in Catalonia. It is the Catalan affiliate of the Spanish People's Party and holds strongly unionist positions.
Bauram
Bauram is a large village located in Darbhanga, Bihar, India. It is situated about 60 km east of the district headquarters and 10 km east of the sub-divisional headquarters. The area of Bauram is about 2400 bighas (961 acres ~4 km2).

The main language of the village is Maithili. The majority of people living in Bauram are involved in agriculture where the main crops include wheat, barley, coriander, maize, mung bean, pigeon pea, cucumber, and sweet potato. In earlier times, gram (chana) provided good yields in the village.

Bigha
The bigha or beegah (Urdu: بیگھا, Hindi: बीघा, Bengali: বিঘা)  is a traditional unit of measurement of area of a land, commonly used in northern & eastern India, Bangladesh and Nepal. There is no "standard" size of bigha and it varies considerably from place to place.

On an average, Bigha ranges from 6,806.25 square feet (632.321 m2) to 27,225 square feet (2,529.3 m2). Its sub-unit is Biswa or Katha in many regions, but it has no "standard" size. A bigha may have 5 to 20 Katha/ biswa in different regions, where 1 Katha is usually 1,361.25 square feet (126.464 m2) or 151.25 square yard.
Daniel Lee (politician)
Daniel Lee was an American mason and builder who spent a single one-year term as a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly from the 3rd District of Brown County, Wisconsin during the 1872 session (the 25th Wisconsin Legislature).

25th Wisconsin Legislature
The Twenty-Fifth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 10, 1872, to March 26, 1872, in regular session.

This was the first legislative session after the redistricting of the Senate and Assembly according to an act of the previous session.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 7, 1871. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 8, 1870.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Cadwallader C. Washburn, of La Crosse County, serving the first year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1871 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Litherland High School
Litherland High School is a secondary school in Litherland, Merseyside, England, headed by Principal Mrs Claire Hallwood since 2024. The school was established in March 1948 as the first post-war school to be built in Lancashire, costing £116,000 (equivalent to £4.57 million in 2023). The school made news headlines in 1981 with accusations of excessive corporal punishment, with reports of over 1,800 slipperings occurring over the preceding four terms up to February 1981.

Litherland High School was listed as a school requiring 'Special Measures' by a February 2014 Ofsted inspection. In March 2015 the school converted to academy status. It is part of the Litherland Partnership which includes local primary schools.

Over the 2022 summer holidays, the school merged buildings with Litherland Moss Primary School, with the renovations lasting months.

Academic year
An academic year, or school year, is a period that schools, colleges and universities use to measure the duration of studies for a given educational level. Academic years are often divided into academic terms. Students attend classes and do relevant exams and homework during this time, which comprises school days (days when there is education) and school holidays (when there is a break from education). The duration of school days, holidays and school year varies across the world. The days in the school year depend on the state or country. For example, in most of the US states, there are 180 days in a school year, but in the US state of Minnesota there are 165 days in the year.
Manga (album)
Manga is the self-titled album of Turkish rock band Manga, released in December 2004 by Sony Music/GRGDN. It was reissued in 2006, with two additional tracks and a bonus DVD. The album sold 180,000 copies and earned a gold certification. The album earned the band the Golden Butterfly Awards as Best Newcomer.

GRGDN
GRGDN is a Turkish music production and artist management company and record label based in Istanbul. The name of the company originates from the Turkish word gergedan which means rhinoceros.

It was founded in 2003 by OIART-graduated producer Haluk Kurosman and Hadi Elazzi, who had formerly worked for such companies like Sire Records (Warner Music) or Sony Music Turkey. The company has its own recording studio in Ulus, Istanbul and does the management of several renowned Turkish artists.

In 2011 Haluk Kurosman parted ways with GRGDN to become a freelance producer.
Middle Huaxia Road station
Middle Huaxia Road (simplified Chinese: 华夏中路; traditional Chinese: 華夏中路; pinyin: Huáxià Zhōng Lù) is an interchange station on Lines 13 and 16 of the Shanghai Metro. It opened for passenger operations on 28 December 2014, with the extension of Line 16 from Luoshan Road to Longyang Road. On 30 December 2018, it became an interchange station with Line 13 when the phases 2 and 3 extensions of the line to Zhangjiang Road became operational.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
Melissa Kite
Melissa Louise Kite (born 1972) is a British journalist, and current columnist for The Spectator. She previously wrote a satirical politics column for the newspaper under the name "Tamzin Lightwater". She has also written articles for several other newspapers, and was deputy political editor of The Sunday Telegraph until March 2011. She appeared as a panelist on 22 March 2012 edition of the BBC television programme Question Time which was broadcast from the coastal town of Grimsby in North East Lincolnshire.

The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings. It is the sister paper of The Daily Telegraph, also published by the Telegraph Media Group. The Sunday Telegraph was originally a separate operation with a different editorial staff, but since 2013 the Telegraph has been a seven-day operation. However, The Sunday Telegraph still has its own editor, different from that of The Daily Telegraph.

According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, the Sunday Telegraph had an average circulation of 214,711 copies per week in the first half of 2021.
Ambrose Lee
Ambrose Lee Siu-kwong GBS IDSM (Chinese: 李少光; 17 August 1948 – 14 August 2022) was a Hong Kong politician who held the position of Secretary for Security between 2003 and 2012. He also served as commissioner of the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) between 2002 and 2003, and as the director of immigration between 1998 and 2002.

Orders, decorations, and medals of Hong Kong
The existing Hong Kong honours system was created after the transfer of government of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China as a special administrative region in 1997. Before that, Hong Kong was a British dependent territory and followed the British honours system.

The Hong Kong SAR government releases an annual Honours List, which is published in the Government Gazette on Establishment Day (1 July).
Burnaby-New Westminster (provincial electoral district)
Burnaby-New Westminster is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada. Created under the 2021 British Columbia electoral redistribution, the riding was contested for the first time in the 2024 British Columbia general election. It was created out of parts of Burnaby-Edmonds, New Westminster and Burnaby-Lougheed.

New Westminster
New Westminster (colloquially known as New West, hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓: sӽəyəməɬ) is a city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District.

It was founded in 1858 by Richard Clement Moody as the capital of the Colony of British Columbia, and served as such until the mainland and Vancouver Island colonies were merged to form the new Colony of British Columbia in 1866. It was the British Columbia mainland's largest city from its foundation until the first decade of the 20th century, when it was surpassed in population by Vancouver.

It is located on the banks of the Fraser River as it turns southwest towards its estuary, on the southwest side of the Burrard Peninsula and roughly at the centre of the Greater Vancouver region.
Joshua Eagle
Joshua Eagle (born 10 May 1973) is a former professional male tennis player and current professional tennis coach from Australia.

In January 2013 he was appointed as the Australian Davis Cup coach, having previously won Tennis Australia's elite coaching excellence award in 2012 for helping Australian Marinko Matosevic break into the top 50 from outside 200. He was born in Toowoomba, Queensland and now lives in Noosa, Queensland. He stands at 1.83 m and weighs 90 kg, and is classified as a doubles specialist. Eagle has won five ATP doubles titles.

Eagle is married to former professional tennis player Barbara Schett. They have a son who was born in 2009.

Lists of tennis players
There are several lists of tennis players:

Men

List of male singles tennis players

List of male doubles tennis players

Rankings
List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players
List of ATP number 1 ranked doubles tennis players
World number 1 ranked male tennis players
Top ten ranked male tennis players
Top ten ranked male tennis players (1912–1972)

Women

List of female tennis players

Rankings
List of WTA number 1 ranked singles tennis players
List of WTA number 1 ranked doubles tennis players
World number 1 ranked female tennis players
Top ten ranked female tennis players
Top ten ranked female tennis players (1921–1974)

Tournament winners

List of Australian Open champions

List of French Open champions

List of Wimbledon champions

List of US Open champions

List of Olympic tennis medalists

Professional tours

List of tennis title leaders in the Open Era

Others

List of members of the International Tennis Hall of Fame
Nishan-e-Pakistan (monument)
Nishan-e-Pakistan (Urdu: نشانِ پاکستان) is a national solidarity monument in Clifton Beach of the city of Karachi in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It became the second tallest flag pole in Pakistan after a taller flag pole was installed on the Wagha Border on the occasion of Independence Day in 2017.

Nishan-e-Pakistan was inaugurated on Apr 29, 2016 by the Governor of the province of Sindh, Dr. Ishrat ul Ibad Khan, Chief Minister of Sindh Qaim Ali Shah, and Corps Commander Karachi Lt. Gen. Naveed Mukhtar.

Monument
A monument is a type of structure created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical, political, technical or architectural importance.  Examples of monuments include statues, (war) memorials, historical buildings, and cultural assets. If there is a public interest in its preservation, a monument can for example be listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Wild cow milking
Wild cow milking is a rodeo event seen at mainstream and ranch rodeos. A team-based competition, the goal is to catch and milk a "wild" cow (a semi-feral animal that is not used to being milked by people, usually of a beef cattle breed) in as short a time as possible. The competition dates back at least to the early 20th century, with competitions at the Cheyenne Frontier Days rodeo photographed as far back as 1924.

Cheyenne Frontier Days
Cheyenne Frontier Days is an outdoor rodeo and western celebration in the United States, held annually since 1897 in Cheyenne, Wyoming. It bills itself as the "World's Largest Outdoor Rodeo and Western Celebration." The event, claimed to be one of the largest of its kind in the world, draws nearly 200,000 annually. Lodging fills up quickly during the peak tourist season throughout southern and eastern Wyoming, into northern Colorado and western  Nebraska. The celebration is held during the ten days centered about the last full week of July. In 2008, Cheyenne Frontier Days was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame.