hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernst Gottfried Fischer
Ernst Gottfried Fischer (17 July 1754 – 27 January 1831)  was a  German chemist. He was born in Hoheneiche near Saalfeld. After studying theology and mathematics at the University of Halle, he was a teacher in Berlin before becoming Professor of Physics in 1810. He translated Claude Berthollet's publication Recherches sur les lois de l'affinitié in 1802. He proposed a system of equivalents based on sulfuric acid equal to 1000.

Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (German: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg), also referred to as MLU, is a public research university in the cities of Halle and Wittenberg. It is the largest and oldest university in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. MLU offers German and international (English) courses leading to academic degrees such as BA, BSc, MA, MSc, doctoral degrees, and habilitation.

The university was created in 1817 through the merger of the University of Wittenberg (founded in 1502) and the University of Halle (founded in 1694). MLU is named after Protestant reformer Martin Luther, who was a professor in Wittenberg. Today, the university campus is located in Halle, while  Leucorea Foundation in Wittenberg serves as MLU's convention centre.
Ballyedward, County Westmeath
Ballyedward is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located about 8.88 kilometres (6 mi) north–west of Mullingar.

Ballyedward is one of 11 townlands of the civil parish of Tyfarnham in the barony of Corkaree in the Province of Leinster. The townland covers 47.71 acres (0.1931 km2).

The neighbouring townlands are: Piercefield (or Templeoran) to the north, Balrath to the north–east, Wattstown to the east and Johnstown to the south and south–west.

In the 1911 census of Ireland there was 1 house and 5 inhabitants in the townland.

1911 census of Ireland
The 1911 census of Ireland was the last census that covered the whole island of Ireland and of the 26 counties that form the Republic of Ireland. Censuses were taken at ten-year intervals from 1821 onwards, but the 1921 census was cancelled due to the Irish War of Independence.

The original records of the 1821 to 1851 censuses were destroyed by fire at the Four Courts in Dublin during the Irish Civil War, while those between 1861 and 1891 were possibly pulped during the First World War. All that remained were the 1901 and 1911 census, with the latter put online in 2009 by the National Archives of Ireland.
Ptarmigan Tunnel
The Ptarmigan Tunnel was built in 1930 through the Ptarmigan Wall at an elevation of 7,200 feet (2,200 m) in Glacier National Park, near Many Glacier, in Montana, US. The 250-foot (76 m) manmade tunnel allows hikers to avoid a strenuous climb over very steep terrain between Many Glacier and the Belly River valley. Two opposing steel jackhammers drilling from either side of the tunnel and a series of ten-hole rounds of dynamite gradually broke through the mountain in less than three months.

A wide area, originally for guide and tourist horses, extends from each portal with a masonry retaining wall. Natural rock lines the interior walls. Heavy iron doors were hung across the tunnel adits during the summer of 1975. They remain open from mid-July until October 1, weather permitting. Designed by Ole Westman, this trail tunnel embodies exceptional qualities of landscape architecture and engineering in a pedestrian-scaled tunnel, cut through a sheer mountain wall.

Adit
An adit (from Latin aditus, entrance) or stulm
is a horizontal or nearly horizontal passage to an underground mine.
Miners can use adits for access, drainage, ventilation, and extracting minerals at the lowest convenient level. Adits are also used to explore for mineral veins. Although most strongly associated with mining, the term adit is sometimes also used in the context of underground excavation for non-mining purposes; for example, to refer to smaller underground passageways excavated for underground metro systems, to provide pedestrian access to stations (pedestrian adits), and for access required during construction (construction adits).
Florida Democratic Party
The Florida Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Florida, headquartered in Tallahassee, Florida. Former Florida commissioner of agriculture Nikki Fried is the current chair.

Andrew Jackson, the first territorial governor of Florida in 1821, co-founded the Democratic Party. After Florida achieved statehood, the party dominated state politics until the Reconstruction era following the Civil War, when Black citizens gained the right to vote. The party regained its dominance until the 1950s, after which Florida became a swing state until the 2020s.

Following the 2022 elections, the Florida Republican Party holds supermajorities in both chambers of the Florida Legislature. The Florida Democratic Party holds neither of the state's U.S. Senate seats, and no statewide executive offices.

Supermajority
A supermajority is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for a simple majority, the latter sometimes expressed as a "50% + 1 vote". Supermajority rules in a democracy can help to prevent a majority from eroding fundamental rights of a minority, but can also hamper efforts to respond to problems and encourage corrupt compromises at times when action is taken. Changes to constitutions, especially those with entrenched clauses, commonly require supermajority support in a legislature. In consensus democracy, the supermajority rule is applied in most cases.
Nguyễn Sơn
Nguyễn Sơn (1 October 1908 – 21 October 1956), also known by his Chinese name Hong Shui (Chinese: 洪水), was a Vietnamese military leader who participated in the Chinese Communist Revolution and the First Indochina War against the French. Sơn spent much of his early years in China, and was one of the few Vietnamese who had participated in and survived the Long March with the Chinese Communist Party. He was awarded the rank of Major General in both the Vietnam People's Army and the People's Liberation Army.

He married Lê Hằng Huân, a daughter of the writer Lê Dư, his sisters-in-law being Lê Hằng Phương wife of the writer Vũ Ngọc Phan, and Lê Hằng Phấn wife of the writer Hoàng Văn Chí.

Hằng Phương
Hằng Phương (Điện Bàn, 9 September 1908 – 2 February 1983) was a Vietnamese intimist poet.

She was born into an educated Confucian family and married writer Vũ Ngọc Phan. Her daughter is the painter Vũ Giáng Hương.
Gideon Barstow
Gideon Barstow (September 7, 1783 – March 26, 1852) was a U.S. representative from Massachusetts.  Born in Mattapoisett, Massachusetts, Barstow attended the common schools and Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island from 1799 to 1801.  He studied medicine,  was admitted to practice and settled in Salem, Massachusetts.  He served as member of the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention of 1820–1821.

Barstow was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Seventeenth Congress (March 4, 1821 – March 3, 1823), but was not a candidate for renomination in 1822.
He served as member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and served in the Massachusetts State Senate.  He served as presidential elector on the Whig ticket of Clay and Sergeant in 1832.  He moved to St. Augustine, Florida, because of ill health and engaged in mercantile pursuits.  Barstow died in St. Augustine March 26, 1852 and was interred in Huguenot Cemetery.

Mattapoisett, Massachusetts
Mattapoisett is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 6,508 at the 2020 census. Mattapoisett Center is located in the town.

Mattapoisett is a part of the South Coast region of Massachusetts which encompasses the cities and towns that surround Buzzards Bay (excluding the Elizabeth Islands, Bourne and Falmouth), Mount Hope Bay and the Sakonnet River.
Blake Simmons
Blake A. Simmons is an American chemical engineer, entrepreneur and an academic. He is an adjunct professor at the University of Queensland, and the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo, the division director for biological systems and engineering at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the chief science and technology officer at the Joint BioEnergy Institute.

Simmons is most known for his works on biofuels and biomaterials development using biotechnology and biomanufacturing, alongside the development of nanomaterials for energy applications. Among his notable works are his publications in academic journals, including Energy and Environmental Science, ChemSusChem, Nature Microbiology, Green Chemistry, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, One Earth, and Nature as well as an edited book titled Chemical and Biochemical Catalysis for Next Generation Biofuels.

Nature Microbiology
Nature Microbiology  is a monthly online-only peer reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was established in 2016. The editor-in-chief is Susan Jones who is part of an in-house team of editors.
Philippine Science High School Davao Region Campus
Philippine Science High School – Davao Region Campus in Davao City (abbreviated as PSHS-DRC in Davao City or PSHS-DRCDC), formerly Philippine Science High School – Southern Mindanao Campus, is the first regional campus of the Philippine Science High School System (PSHSS). It is situated in Davao City, Philippines, and it is among the many specialized public high schools in the Philippines, along with other PSHSS Campuses. It caters to scientifically and mathematically gifted high school students from the Davao Region of the country.

Davao Region
The Davao Region (Cebuano: Rehiyon sa Dabaw; Filipino: Rehiyon ng Davao), designated as Region XI, is an administrative region in the Philippines. Formerly called Southern Mindanao, it is situated in the southeastern portion of Mindanao, enclosing the Davao Gulf. The region comprises five provinces: Davao de Oro, Davao del Norte, Davao del Sur, Davao Oriental, and Davao Occidental. Davao City is the region's sole highly urbanized city, as well as its regional center.
Tomari, Okinawa
Tomari (泊, Okinawan:Tumai) is a neighborhood in Naha, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, where the Tomari Terminal of the port of Naha is located. The terminal is used for ferries and passenger vessels which connect Naha and neighboring islands.

Before the modern city of Naha was established, Tomari was a magiri, a type of municipality. Tomari served as the primary port for Ryukyuan ships travelling within the Ryūkyū Islands to dock and to engage in loading and unloading of their cargo. Tribute received from Amami Ōshima was handled by the local officials at Tomari.

Tomari-te, a style of karate, originated in Tomari. Kyan Chōtoku and Chōki Motobu practiced this style of Okinawan karate.

Tribute
A tribute (/ˈtrɪbjuːt/; from Latin tributum, "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect. Various ancient states exacted tribute from the rulers of lands which the state conquered. In the case of alliances, lesser parties may pay tribute to more powerful parties as a sign of allegiance. Tributes are different from taxes, as they are not collected in the same regularly routine manner that taxes are. Further, with tributes, a recognition of political submission by the payer to the payee is uniquely required.
(5646) 1990 TR
(5646) 1990 TR is a probable rare-type binary asteroid classified as near-Earth object of the Amor group, approximately 2.3 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 11 October 1990, by Japanese astronomers Seiji Ueda and Hiroshi Kaneda at Kushiro Observatory near Kushiro, in eastern Hokkaido, Japan.

Seiji Ueda
Seiji Ueda (上田 清二, Ueda Seiji; born 1952) is a Japanese astronomer. He is a prolific discoverer of minor planets. Between 1987 and 2000, Ueda (in collaboration with Hiroshi Kaneda) discovered 705 asteroids.

He holds an MD and PhD from Stanford University and is on the staff at the Graduate University for Advanced Study in Japan. The inner main-belt asteroid 4676 Uedaseiji, discovered in 1990, is named for him.
Italians in Romania
Italian Romanians (Italian: italo-romeni; Romanian: italo-români) are Romanian-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Romania during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Romania.

Italians have been present in Romania since the first half of the 19th century, when they emigrated from some Italian regions (particularly from Veneto and Friuli) to work in the mines, railway yards or construction.

Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
The Chamber of Deputies (Romanian: Camera Deputaților) is the lower house in Romania's bicameral parliament. It has 312 regular seats to which deputies are elected by direct popular vote using party-list proportional representation to serve four-year terms.

Additionally, the organisation of each national ethnic minority is entitled to a seat in the Chamber (under the limitation that a national minority is to be represented by one organisation only). As of the 2024 election, there are 19 such additional seats.
Percy Ross (cricketer)
Percy C Ross (dates of birth and death unknown) was an Irish first-class cricketer.

A leading member of Cork County in the first decade of the 1900s, Ross made his debut for Ireland in a minor match against Cambridge University at Cork in 1904. He later made played one first-class match for Ireland against the touring South Africans at Woodbrook in 1912. Batting twice in the match, Ross top-scored with 26 runs in Ireland's first-innings, before being dismissed by Aubrey Faulkner, while in their second-innings he was dismissed by Claude Carter for 3 runs. With his medium pace bowling, he took the wickets of Herbie Taylor and Frank Mitchell, taking figures of 2/99 from 23 overs. He did not play for Ireland again.

Richard Beamish Cricket Grounds
Richard Beamish Cricket Grounds are a cricket ground in the Mardyke, Cork, Ireland. The cricket field and facilities are located on the southern bank of the River Lee, and overlooked by University College Cork and St Vincent's Catholic Church. The ground is officially named after Richard Beamish, but it is generally called The Mardyke after the area where it is situated, or the Cricket Club as it is the home ground of Cork County Cricket Club. The Munster representative provincial side, the Munster Reds, also use The Mardyke as their home ground.
Navami
Navami (Sanskrit: नवमी, romanized: Navamī) is the Sanskrit word for "ninth", and is the ninth day in the lunar fortnight (Paksha) of the Hindu calendar. Each month has two Navami days, being the ninth day of the "bright" (Shukla) and of the "dark" (Krishna) fortnights respectively. Navami occurs on the ninth and the twenty-fourth day of each month.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Tube Tales
Tube Tales is a 1999 British anthology film of nine short films based on the true-life experiences of London Underground (aka The Tube) passengers as submitted to Time Out magazine. The stories were scripted and filmed independently of each other. Filming took place on the London Underground network in 1999 by nine directors including Stephen Hopkins, Charles McDougall and Bob Hoskins, with directorial debuts by Ewan McGregor and Jude Law. The film was produced by Richard Jobson and is also Simon Pegg's film debut, in a small role.

Frank Harper
Frank Harper is an English actor and film producer. He is best known for his "hard man" roles, such as Billy Bright in The Football Factory (2004) and Dog in Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998).
2019–20 UAE Division 1
2019–20 UAE Division one was the 44th Division one season. Team changes for the season include Al Bataeh who joined the league, while Hatta and Khor Fakkan was  promoted to the UAE Pro League, while Dibba Al Fujairah and Emirates were relegated. However, the season was cancelled with 12 out of 14 UAE Pro League clubs voting in favour of cancelling the season and not a single division one club had a say on the matter. The decision was done due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates and no team were rewarded with promotion.

COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates
The COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first confirmed case in the United Arab Emirates was announced on 29 January 2020. It was the first country in the Middle East to report a confirmed case.

The first patient, a 73-year-old Chinese woman, was released on 9 February after recovering. The first two deaths were confirmed on 20 March. On 22 March, Dubai started an 11-day sterilisation campaign as an effort to contain COVID-19. Night curfew was imposed four days later while the country began disinfection. School closure was first announced on 8 March for four weeks. Three weeks later, it was announced that schools will be closed until the end of the academic year.
Scouting in the Republic of China
The Scout movement and Guiding in the Republic of China (Taiwan) is served by:

Girl Scouts of Taiwan, member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts

Scouts of China, member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement

World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS /wæɡz/) is a global association that supports female-oriented and female-only Guiding and Scouting organizations in 153 countries. It was established in the year 1928 in Parád, Hungary. The organization now has its headquarters located in London, United Kingdom. It is the counterpart of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). WAGGGS is organized into five regions and operates five international Guiding centers. It holds full member status in the European Youth Forum (YFJ), which operates within the Council of Europe and the European Union.
Nkwidze
Nkwidze, occasionally spelled Nkwidzi, is a village in Gwanda District of Matabeleland South province in southern Zimbabwe.

There are shops, a police station and a veterinary services centre. There is a high school (spelled Mkwidze), which was attended by ZIPRA and later state intelligence officer Zenzo Ntuliki.

Matabeleland South Province
Matabeleland South is a province in southwestern Zimbabwe. With a population of 683,893 as of the 2012 Zimbabwean census. It is the country's least populated province after Matabeleland North.Matabeleland South and Matabeleland North were established in 1974, when the original Matabeleland Province was bifurcated. The province is divided into six districts. Gwanda is the capital, and Beitbridge is the province's largest town. The name "Matabeleland" is derived from Ndebele, the province's largest ethnic group.

Matabeleland South is bordered by Bulawayo and Matabeleland North to the north, Midlands to the northeast, Masvingo to the southeast, South Africa to the south, and Botswana to the west. It has an area of 54,172 square kilometres (20,916 mi2), equal to 13.86% of the total area of Zimbabwe. It is the fourth-largest of the country's ten provinces in area. Matabeleland South sits on the edge of the Kalahari Desert, giving it an arid climate not hospitable to agriculture.
2015 Samarkand Challenger – Doubles
Sergey Betov and Alexander Bury were the defending champions, but chose not to participate together. Bury played alongside Anton Zaitcev, but lost to Aldin Šetkić and Boy Westerhof in the quarterfinals.

Betov competed with Michail Elgin and retain the title, defeating Laslo Djere and Peđa Krstin in the final, 6–4, 6–3.

Peđa Krstin
Peđa Krstin (Serbian Cyrillic: Пеђа Крстин; born 3 September 1994) is a Serbian professional tennis player and coach.  Krstin has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 159, which he achieved on 9 May 2016. He also achieved a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 554 on 17 October 2015. He has won one Challenger and 14 Futures singles titles in his career.

He is currently a tennis Pro at Wessen Indoor Tennis Club in Pontiac, Michigan
Anne Tingelstad Wøien
Anne Tingelstad Wøien is a Norwegian politician from Innlandet county, representing the Centre Party. She was a member of parliament for Oppland between 2009 and 2017. She sat on the Standing Committee on Education, Research and Church Affairs.

Wøien was leader of Centre Youth's chapter in Oppland between 1990 and 1991. She was a member of the municipal council for Gran Municipality and the group leader of her party from 1995 to 2003, and member of the Oppland county council from 2003 to 2005. She was political advisor to the oil and energy minister Odd Roger Enoksen between 2005 and 2007, then to the transportation and communications minister Liv Signe Navarsete between 2007 and 2009. She was a member of the Centre Party's central board between 2003 and 2009.

Wøien is the daughter of Marit Tingelstad who was a member of parliament between 1993 and 2001, and Hans Tingelstad who was a farmer.

Standing Committee on Education and Research
The Standing Committee on Education and Research (Norwegian: Utdannings- og forskningskomiteen) is a standing committee of the Parliament of Norway. It is responsible for policies relating to education, research and church affairs. It corresponds to the Ministry of Education and Research and the church affairs section of the Ministry of Culture and Church Affairs. The committee was named the Standing Committee on Education, Research and Church Affairs (Kirke-, utdannings- og forskningskomiteen) between 1993 and 2017. The committee has 15 members and is chaired by Trond Giske of the Labour Party.
Communauté d'agglomération de Castres Mazamet
Communauté d'agglomération de Castres Mazamet is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Castres. It is located in the Tarn department, in the Occitania region, southern France. Created in 1999, its seat is in Castres. Its area is 406.1 km2. Its population was 78,275 in 2019, of which 42,079 in Castres proper.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.