hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calcium chloride
Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula CaCl2. It is a white crystalline solid at room temperature, and it is highly soluble in water. It can be created by neutralising hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide.

Calcium chloride is commonly encountered as a hydrated solid with generic formula CaCl2·nH2O, where n = 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6. These compounds are mainly used for de-icing and dust control. Because the anhydrous salt is hygroscopic and deliquescent, it is used as a desiccant.

Anhydrous
A substance is anhydrous if it contains no water. Many processes in chemistry can be impeded by the presence of water; therefore, it is important that water-free reagents and techniques are used. In practice, however, it is very difficult to achieve perfect dryness; anhydrous compounds gradually absorb water from the atmosphere so they must be stored carefully.

Substances that contain water or its constituent elements are called hydrates.
Marissa Ponich
Marissa Ponich (born May 1, 1987) is a Canadian fencer from Lac La Biche, Alberta currently based in Edmonton, Alberta.

She competed at the Pan American Games in 2015, 2019, and 2023.

She competed at the Pan American Fencing Championships where she won a bronze medal in the individual sabre event in 2017; bronze medals in the team sabre event in 2013 and 2016; and competed in 2014, 2015 and 2018. Ponich also competed at the World Fencing Championships in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018.

Fencing at the 2023 Pan American Games
Fencing competitions at the 2023 Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile are scheduled to be held between October 30 and November 4, 2023. The fencing events will be held at the Paralympic Training Center, located in the National Stadium Park cluster in Santiago.

12 medal events are scheduled to be contested, in the three disciplines of épée, foil and sabre. In each discipline an individual and team event will be held for each gender. A total of 162 fencers qualified to compete at the games.
FIBT World Championships 2009
The FIBT World Championships 2009, officially known as the Bauhaus FIBT Bobsleigh & Skeleton World Championships, February 20 to March 1, 2009, at the bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in Lake Placid, New York, for the ninth time, doing so previously in 1949, 1961, 1969, 1973, 1978, 1983, 1997 (skeleton), and 2003 (men's bobsleigh). Lake Placid was chosen 25–11 over Igls, Austria.

Lake Placid, New York
Lake Placid is a village in Essex County, New York, United States, within the Adirondack Mountains. Its population was 2,205 at the 2020 census. Lake Placid became known internationally for hosting the 1932 and the 1980 Winter Olympics. Lake Placid has also hosted the 1972 and 2023 Winter World University Games, as well as the 2000 Goodwill Winter Games. The village is near the center of the town of North Elba, 50 miles (80 km) southwest of Plattsburgh.
Ian Blackwell
Ian David Blackwell (born 10 June 1978) is an English cricket umpire and retired professional cricketer. A left-arm orthodox spinner and powerful middle-order batsman, he played for England at One Day International (ODI) and Test level, and most recently played county cricket for Warwickshire in the second half of the 2012 season. He was born at Chesterfield in Derbyshire.

County cricket
Inter-county cricket matches have been played since the early 18th century, involving teams that are representative of the historic counties of England and Wales.

Two county championship competitions have existed since the late 19th century at different levels: the County Championship, a first-class competition which involves 18 clubs, of which 17 are English and one is from Wales; and the National Counties Championship, with 19 English clubs and one club representing several Welsh counties.

County clubs have also played limited-overs competitions since the 1960s. The first edition of the Gillette Cup in 1963 was the world's first List A cricket tournament. The Sunday League existed from 1969 to 2009, mostly as a 40-overs-per-side league. The 2003 Twenty20 Cup was the world's first Twenty20 tournament. Currently, the main limited-overs county competitions are the One-Day Cup, Women's One-Day Cup, T20 Blast and Women's T20 Blast.
Southern Cayuga High School
Southern Cayuga High School is a secondary school (grades 7–12) in Poplar Ridge, Cayuga County, New York.

SCHS is operated by Southern Cayuga Central School District.

In 2003 it had some 585 students and 45 teachers. The student body was 98% white, and 24% were eligible for free lunch, higher than the state average of 15%. Its New York State School Report Card reports that it exceeded all three required standards (graduation in English and Mathematics, and dropout rate) in 2001.

The school's student-produced newspaper is called The Source, and is associated with a one-semester journalism class.

Southern Cayuga is one of eleven places in the United States that will receive a sapling from the tree outside of Anne Frank's house.

As of 2012, the school has moved to one campus, and Emily Howland Elementary is going to be auctioned off.

Poplar Ridge, New York
Poplar Ridge, New York is a hamlet in Cayuga County, New York, United States, in the town of Venice, New York.  It holds the Jethro Wood House, a National Historic Landmark. The Vernon Center Green Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Shelat
Shelat is a last name or a surname belonging to the Gujarati Baj Khedawal Brahmin caste. The total population with the surname is roughly 2000–3000 in the world. All individuals with this last name have ancestors who originated from Umreth, a village in Anand district of Gujarat. 
Notable people with the surname include:

Himanshi Shelat (born 1947), Indian author

Jaishanker Manilal Shelat (1908–1985), Indian Supreme Court judge

Kirit Shelat (born 1946), Indian public administrator (IAS)

Amit M. Shelat (born 1956), Chairman, New York State Board for Medicine, NYSED

Himanshi Shelat
Himanshi Indulal Shelat (born 8 January 1947) is a Gujarati author from Gujarat, India. She received Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati in 1996 for her short stories collection Andhari Galima Safed Tapakan (1992).
Steel Beasts
Steel Beasts is the name for a family of tank simulators created by eSim Games for Microsoft Windows.

Its subject is contemporary combined arms tactics (with emphasis on modern armoured fighting vehicles) at a company scale. As a consumer game, it is a genre mix of strategy game, action game, simulation game, and wargame of fairly complex gameplay.

Steel Beasts (more colloquially known as SB to its fans) is distinguished from other simulators by a faithful reproduction of tactical maneuvers and Fire Control Systems as well as various other military facets than when compared to other simulators. The sound samples are mostly authentic, having been recorded from some of the actual armored fighting vehicles depicted in the sim.

Customized versions of Steel Beasts have been adopted by the armies of Australia, Austria, Canada, Chile, Denmark, Greece, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and USA for training purposes.

Vehicle simulation game
Vehicle simulation games are a genre of video games which attempt to provide the player with a realistic interpretation of operating various kinds of vehicles. This includes automobiles, aircraft, watercraft, spacecraft, military vehicles, and a variety of other vehicles. The main challenge is to master driving and steering the vehicle from the perspective of the pilot or driver, with most games adding another challenge such as racing or fighting rival vehicles. Games are often divided based on realism, with some games including more realistic physics and challenges such as fuel management.
Distributed firewall
A distributed firewall is a security application on a host machine of a network that protects the servers and user machines of its enterprise's networks against unwanted intrusion. A firewall is a system or group of systems (router, proxy, or gateway) that implements a set of security rules to enforce access control between two networks to protect the "inside" network from the "outside" network. They filter all traffic regardless of its origin—the Internet or the internal network. Usually deployed behind the traditional firewall, they provide a second layer of defense. The advantages of the distributed firewall allow security rules (policies) to be defined and pushed out on an enterprise-wide basis, which is necessary for larger enterprises.

Security policy
Security policy is a definition of what it means to be secure for a system, organization or other entity.  For an organization, it addresses the constraints on behavior of its members as well as constraints imposed on adversaries by mechanisms such as doors, locks, keys, and walls.  For systems, the security policy addresses constraints on functions and flow among them, constraints on access by external systems and adversaries including programs and access to data by people.
1962 LPGA Tour
The 1962 LPGA Tour was the 13th season since the LPGA Tour officially began in 1950. The season ran from January 19 to November 4. The season consisted of 29 official money events. Mickey Wright won the most tournaments, 10. She also led the money list with earnings of $21,641. The first Rookie of the Year was won by Mary Mills.

There were four first-time winners in 1962: Shirley Englehorn, Sandra Haynie, who would win 42 LPGA events, Murle Lindstrom, and Kathy Whitworth, who would win a record 88 LPGA events. The season saw the last wins of Louise Suggs (58 career wins) and Patty Berg (60). It also saw the first and only official win by a man, Sam Snead in the Royal Poinciana Plaza Invitational.

The tournament results and award winners are listed below.

Sandra Haynie
Sandra Jane Haynie (born June 4, 1943) is an American former professional golfer on the LPGA Tour starting in 1961. She won four major championships, 42 LPGA Tour career events, and is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Taïna Barioz
Taïna Barioz (born 2 June 1988, in Papeete, Tahiti) is a French alpine skier.

She is the daughter of French ice hockey player Didier Barioz.

Barioz won two podiums in Alpine Skiing World Cup, both in giant slalom: 3rd place in Lienz, Austria (December 2009), and then 2nd place at the World Cup finals in St. Moritz, Switzerland (March 2016).

Barioz placed 1st in the 2014 FIS NorAms.

She also competed at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, South Korea where she finished in 19th place, as second best of the French skiers in the giant slalom competition.

Pyeongchang County
Pyeongchang (American English: /ˌpjʌŋˈtʃɑːŋ/ pyung-CHAHNG, Korean: [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋ]; in full, Pyeongchang-gun [pʰjʌŋtɕʰaŋɡun]) is a county in the state of Gangwon, South Korea, located in the Taebaek Mountains region. It is home to several Buddhist temples, including Woljeongsa. It is about 180 km (110 mi) east southeast of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and connected by expressways and high-speed passenger railways. Pyeongchang's slogan, "Happy 700 Pyeongchang", is taken from its average elevation of approximately 700 metres (2,300 ft).

Pyeongchang hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Paralympics. It was officially rebranded as "PyeongChang" (with a capital 'C') for the purposes of the 2018 Games, in order to avoid confusion with Pyongyang in North Korea.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kazakhstan)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan (MFA RK, Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасы Сыртқы істер министрлігі, romanized: Qazaqstan Respublikasy Syrtqy ıster ministrlıgı, ҚР СІМ; Russian: Министерство иностранных дел Республики Казахстан, МИД РК) is the Kazakh government ministry which oversees the foreign relations of Kazakhstan.

Government of Kazakhstan
The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Үкіметі, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Ükımetı) is the collegial body that exercises executive power in the Republic of Kazakhstan; the government heads the system of executive bodies and directs their activities. The Government is formed by the President of Kazakhstan in the manner prescribed by the constitution. The current cabinet is headed by Oljas Bektenov, who was sworn in as Prime Minister on 6 February 2024.  The Government House is located on the left bank near Akorda at the House of Ministries at Mangilik el 8 ave in Astana. The length of the building is about 1.5 km. It consists of 20 blocks and has a stepped shape – from 8 to 10 floors. The total area of the facility is 228 thousand square meters. The outer walls are monolithic reinforced concrete, the finish is ceramic granite.
Public housing estates in Ngau Tau Kok and Kowloon Bay
The following shows the public housing estates (including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS)) in Ngau Tau Kok, Jordan Valley, Kowloon Bay and surrounding neighbourhoods, in Kwun Tong District, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Wong Tai Sin District
Wong Tai Sin District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. It is the only landlocked district in Hong Kong. It is located in Kowloon, and is the northernmost district in Kowloon. Wong Tai Sin District is a primarily residential area, with a mix of public and private housing estates. It is most well known for the Wong Tai Sin Temple, a major cultural and religious site. The district has undergone demographic changes over the past decades, reflecting the broader trends in population aging, urban development and migration across Hong Kong.
Architectura
Architectura: Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Baukunst is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal of the history of architecture published by Deutscher Kunstverlag. The journal was established in 1971 and is abstracted and indexed in the Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Art Abstracts, Art Index, and Current Contents/Arts & Humanities. Articles are in German or English. The editors-in-chief are Barry Bergdoll, Andreas Schwarting and Klaus Tragbar.

History of architecture
The history of architecture traces the changes in architecture through various traditions, regions, overarching stylistic trends, and dates. The beginnings of all these traditions is thought to be humans satisfying the very basic need of shelter and protection. The term "architecture" generally refers to buildings, but in its essence is much broader, including fields we now consider specialized forms of practice, such as urbanism, civil engineering, naval, military, and landscape architecture.

Trends in architecture were influenced, among other factors, by technological innovations, particularly in the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The improvement and/or use of steel, cast iron, tile, reinforced concrete, and glass helped for example Art Nouveau appear and made Beaux Arts more grandiose.
Ted and Ralph
Ted and Ralph are fictional characters created by Arthur Mathews and Graham Linehan, played by Paul Whitehouse and Charlie Higson in the BBC comedy sketch show The Fast Show. They featured in all three series of the show.

Charlie Higson
Charles Murray Higson (born 3 July 1958) is an English actor, comedian, author and former singer. He has also written and produced for television and is the author of the young adult post-apocalyptic book series The Enemy, as well as the first five novels in the Young Bond series.
2024 Nonthaburi Challenger IV – Doubles
Luke Johnson and Skander Mansouri were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Blake Ellis and Adam Walton won the title after defeating Rithvik Choudary Bollipalli and Arjun Kadhe 3–6, 7–5, [10–8] in the final.

Arjun Kadhe
Arjun Kadhe (Marathi: अर्जुन कढे; born 7 January 1994) is an Indian tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 76 achieved on 28 October 2024. He also has a career high singles ranking of No. 328 achieved on 27 August 2018. 
Kadhe has won one doubles ATP Tour title. He also won 4 ITF Tour singles and 6 ATP Challenger Tour and 7 ITF doubles titles.
Grange Hill (video game)
Grange Hill is a 1987 video game published by Argus Press Software for the Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, and Amstrad CPC.  It is based on Grange Hill, a popular children's television show. The music was done by David Whittaker, but did not include the TV show's theme tune.

The Commodore 64 version was coded by Michael Delves.

Grange Hill
Grange Hill is a British children's television drama series, originally produced by the BBC and portraying life in a typical comprehensive school. The show began its run on 8 February 1978 on BBC1, and was one of the longest-running programmes on British television when it ended on 15 September 2008 after 31 series. It was created by Phil Redmond, who is also responsible for the Channel 4 dramas Brookside and Hollyoaks; other notable production team members down the years have included producer Colin Cant and script editor Anthony Minghella.

The show was cancelled in 2008, having run every year for 30 years. It was felt by the BBC that the series had run its course.
Paul R. Gregory
Paul Raymond Gregory (born 12 July 1949) is an English artist, best known for his J. R. R. Tolkien-inspired fantasy paintings and rock album covers. He has also created book covers and is a co-founder of Bloodstock Open Air Heavy Metal Festival. Gregory has created a total of 30 album covers for well known rock musicians and solo artists, such as Molly Hatchet, Dio, Uriah Heep, Blind Guardian, Saxon and Nowadays.

Book cover
A book cover is any protective covering used to bind together the pages of a book. Beyond the familiar distinction between hardcovers and paperbacks, there are further alternatives and additions, such as dust jackets, ring-binding, and older forms such as the nineteenth-century "paper-boards" and the traditional types of hand-binding. The term bookcover is also commonly used for a book cover image in library management software. This article is concerned with modern mechanically produced covers.
2008 Family Circle Cup
The 2008 Family Circle Cup was a women's tennis Tier I event on the 2008 WTA Tour, which took place from April 14 to April 20, 2008. The event was hosted at the Family Circle Tennis Center, in Charleston, South Carolina, United States and was the second event of the clay court season, played on green clay courts. The total prize money offered at this tournament was US$1,340,000.

Defending champion Jelena Janković led the field as the number one seed. Maria Sharapova, Anna Chakvetadze, Elena Dementieva and eventual champion Serena Williams joined her as the other four of five top ten players in the field. Other notable names that participated were 2007 Wimbledon finalist Marion Bartoli and Charleston standout Patty Schnyder, a two-time runner-up at this event.

Anna Chakvetadze
Anna Djambuliovna Chakvetadze (Анна Джамбулиевна Чакветадзе listenⓘ; born 5 March 1987) is a Russian former professional tennis player.

In her career, Chakvetadze won eight WTA Tour singles titles. She reached her highest singles ranking of world No. 5 in September 2007, after reaching the US Open semifinals. She also made the quarterfinals of the Australian Open and French Open that same year. She announced her retirement on 11 September 2013, due to a persisting back injury. She is currently a commentator on the Eurosport channel.
Arrondissements of the Tarn department
The 2 arrondissements of the Tarn department are:

Arrondissement of Albi, (prefecture of the Tarn department: Albi) with 163 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 195,484 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Castres, (subprefecture: Castres) with 151 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 198,088 in 2021.

Albi
Albi (French pronunciation: [albi] ⓘ; Occitan: Albi [ˈalβi]) is a commune in southern France. It is the prefecture of the Tarn department, on the river Tarn, 85 km northeast of Toulouse. Its inhabitants are called Albigensians (French: Albigeois, Albigeoise(s), Occitan: albigés -esa(s)). It is the seat of the Archbishop of Albi.

The episcopal city, around the Cathedral Sainte-Cécile, was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites in 2010 for its unique architecture. The site includes the Musée Toulouse-Lautrec, dedicated to the artist who was born in Albi.
The Orchid House
The Orchid House is the title of:

The Orchid House (novel), written by Phyllis Shand Allfrey in 1953;

The Orchid House (TV serial), a television programme based on it, directed by Horace Ové and broadcast on Britain's Channel 4 in 1991

The Orchid House (novel)
The Orchid House is a book published in 1953 and the only novel written by Dominican writer Phyllis Shand Allfrey. It is considered "a pioneering work of Caribbean literature". The Orchid House is a fictionalized account of Allfrey's early life, narrated by an old Black nurse Lally from Montserrat. It was turned into a highly acclaimed film for British television.

Originally published by Constable & Co., it was reissued in 1982 by Virago Press, and reprinted in 1991 at the time its Channel 4 television adaptation of the same name came out (directed by Horace Ové with Casting Director John Hubbard  and starring Elizabeth Hurley, Madge Sinclair, Diana Quick, Kate Buffery, Lennox Honychurch, British painter and grand-niece of Phyllis Shand Allfrey, Lindy Allfrey and Frances Barber. An American edition of the novel appeared in 1996.

A French-language version, La Maison des Orchidées, appeared in 1954.
1778 North Carolina gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held in North Carolina on April 18, 1778. The incumbent governor of North Carolina Richard Caswell was re-elected.

Caswell led a coalition of Western radicals and Cape Fear River moderates that dominated North Carolina politics during the late 1770s. Caswell remained personally popular in 1778 despite rising factionalism that pitted the governor's allies against the conservative minority in the legislature.

The election was conducted by the North Carolina General Assembly in joint session. Caswell was elected unanimously on the first ballot.

Politics of North Carolina
Like most U.S. states, North Carolina is politically dominated by the Democratic and Republican political parties. North Carolina has 14 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives and two seats in the U.S. Senate. North Carolina has voted for the Republican candidate in all but one presidential election since 1980; the one exception was in 2008, when a plurality of North Carolinians voted for Barack Obama. However, since that election, the state has remained closely contested with Republicans winning by no more than four points and obtaining a majority of the vote only in 2012 and 2024. This stands in contrast to the post-Civil War era, as the state was a strongly Democratic Solid South state from 1880 to 1964, only voting Republican in 1928.

However, North Carolina has mostly elected Democratic governors in its history; only four Republican governors have been elected since Reconstruction, and of those only one, James G. Martin, served two terms.
Rose Levy Beranbaum
Rose Levy Beranbaum is an American baker, cookbook author and blogger.

She pioneered (but did not name) the reverse creaming technique of cake-mixing. In this process, the fat and flour are mixed first before adding the remaining ingredients. By coating the flour in fat, gluten development is inhibited, helping to prevent toughness. This is in contrast to the usual creaming technique, which first mixes fat and sugar.  This method is also called the paste method.

Beranbaum has noted that she was heavily influenced by Julia Child and James Beard.

She has been married to Woody Wolston since 2021.

Creaming (cooking)
Creaming refers to several different culinary processes. In baking, it means the blending of ingredients with a softened form of a solid fat. In cooking, it means a dish has been poached in milk, cream, or a similar liquid. In the dairy industry, it means separating cream from milk.