hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emmanuel Smith
Emmanuel Smith (born July 25, 1995) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football for the Vanderbilt Commodores, he signed with the Atlanta Falcons as an undrafted free agent in 2018.

Vanderbilt Commodores football
The Vanderbilt Commodores football program represents Vanderbilt University in the sport of American football. The Commodores compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) within the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They are led by head coach Clark Lea. Vanderbilt plays their home games at FirstBank Stadium, located on the university's Nashville, Tennessee campus.
Christmas at the Riviera
Christmas at the Riviera is a 2007 British comedy drama starring Reece Shearsmith, Pam Ferris, Barbara Flynn, Warren Clarke, Alexander Armstrong, Anna Chancellor, Sam Kelly and Darren Boyd. It was written and directed by Mark Bussell and Justin Sbresni, and debuted on ITV at on Christmas Eve 2007.

Sam Kelly
Roger Michael Kelly (19 December 1943 – 14 June 2014), known by the stage name Sam Kelly, was an English actor who appeared in film, television, radio, and theatre. He is best known for his roles as Captain Hans Geering in 'Allo 'Allo!, Warren in Porridge, Sam in On the Up, and Ted Liversidge in Barbara.
Himmerland (nomination district)
Himmerland nominating district is one of the 92 nominating districts that was created for Danish elections following the 2007 municipal reform. It consists of Rebild and Vesthimmerland Municipality .

In the 2022 election, it became the nomination district in which parties commonly associated with the blue bloc of Danish politics received the highest % of votes of any located in the North Jutland folketing constituency.

Vesthimmerland Municipality
Vesthimmerland Municipality (Danish: Vesthimmerlands Kommune) is a kommune in the North Jutland Region of Denmark. It covers an area of 768.08 km2 (2013) and has a total population of 35,818 (2025). The Municipality borders Jammerbugt Municipality to the north and to the east it borders Rebild and Aalborg Municipality and to the south it borders Viborg Municipality and to the south-east it borders Mariagerfjord Municipality.

On 1 January 2007, Vesthimmerland municipality was created as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), consisting of the former municipalities of Aalestrup, Farsø, Løgstør, and Aars.

The municipal seat is the city of Aars, which also was the seat in the former Aars Municipality.
1974 Copa Libertadores finals
The 1974 Copa Libertadores finals was the final two-legged tie to determine the 1974 Copa Libertadores champion. It was contested by Argentine club Independiente and Brazilian club São Paulo. The first leg of the tie was played on 12 October at Pacaembú of São Paulo while the second leg was held at La Doble Visera of Avellaneda, on 16 October.

After both teams won one game each, a playoff was played at Estadio Nacional de Santiago on 19 October. Independiente crowned champion after beating Sao Paulo 1–0, achieving its 5th cup.

Avellaneda
Avellaneda (Latin American Spanish: [aβeʝaˈneða], locally [aβeʃaˈneða]) is a port city in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the seat of the Avellaneda Partido, whose population was 367,554 as per the 2022 census [INDEC]. Avellaneda is located within the Greater Buenos Aires metropolitan area, and is connected to neighboring Buenos Aires by several bridges over the Riachuelo River.
Tiospirone
Tiospirone (BMY-13,859), also sometimes called tiaspirone or tiosperone, is an atypical antipsychotic of the azapirone class. It was investigated as a treatment for schizophrenia in the late 1980s and was found to have an effectiveness equivalent to those of typical antipsychotics in clinical trials but without causing extrapyramidal side effects. However, development was halted and it was not marketed. Perospirone, another azapirone derivative with antipsychotic properties, was synthesized and assayed several years after tiospirone. It was found to be both more potent and more selective in comparison and was commercialized instead.

Side effect
In medicine, a side effect is an unintended effect caused by a medicinal drug or other treatment's capacities or properties, and these effects are often adverse but sometimes beneficial. Herbal and traditional medicines also have side effects.

A drug or procedure usually used for a specific effect may be used specifically because of a beneficial side-effect; this is termed "off-label use" until such use is approved. For instance, X-rays have long been used as an imaging technique; the discovery of their oncolytic capability led to their use in radiotherapy for ablation of malignant tumours.
Oriental bicolour
An Oriental bicolour is any cat of Oriental type, either long-haired or short-haired and in any pattern including colourpoint, which has white areas on its coat caused by the white spotting gene.  In most cat fancier and breeder organisations, Oriental bicolours do not constitute a standardised breed, but a coat pattern variant of the breed of their foundation stock.  One breed registry is an exception, the UK-based Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF), which has defined them as a separate breed named Oriental Bicolour (capitalised).

Foundation stock
Foundation stock or foundation bloodstock refers to animals that are the progenitors, or foundation, of a breed or of a given bloodline within such. Many modern breeds can be traced to specific, named foundation animals, but a group of animals may be referred to collectively as foundation bloodstock when one distinct population (including both landrace breeds or a group of animals linked to a deliberate and specific selective breeding program) provides part of the underlying genetic base for a new distinct population.
Arambol
Arambol is a traditional fisherman village in the Pernem administrative region of North Goa, India, located 24.6 km (15.3 mi) north of Goa's capital city of Panaji. As of 2011, it has a population of around 5,300.

Its beach, bordering Keri Beach to the north and Mandrem Beach to the south, attracts many international tourists, mainly during the winter season between November and March.

North Goa district
North Goa district is one of the two districts that constitutes the state of Goa, India. The district has an area of 1,736 square kilometres (670 square miles), and is bounded by Kolhapur  and Sindhudurg districts of Maharashtra state to the north and by Belagavi district of Karnataka to the east, by South Goa district to the south, and by the Arabian Sea to the west.
2021 Eastbourne International
The 2021 Eastbourne International (also known as the Viking International Eastbourne for sponsorship reasons) was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts. It was the 46th edition of the event for the women and the 10th edition for the men. The tournament was classified as a WTA 500 tournament on the 2021 WTA Tour and as an ATP Tour 250 series on the 2021 ATP Tour. The tournament took place at the Devonshire Park Lawn Tennis Club in Eastbourne, United Kingdom between 21 and 26 June 2021.

Alastair Gray
Alastair Gray (born 22 June 1998) is a British tennis player.

Gray has a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 237 achieved on 19 September 2022. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 304 achieved on 20 June 2022.

Gray played college tennis at Texas Christian University.
1995 Campeonato Nacional Primera División
The 1995 Campeonato Nacional, known as Campeonato Nacional Copa Banco del Estado 1995 for sponsorship purposes, was the 63rd season of top-flight football in Chile. Universidad de Chile won their ninth title following a 2–0 home win against Deportes Temuco on 3 December. Universidad Católica also qualified for the next Copa Libertadores as Liguilla winners.

Deportes Temuco
Club de Deportes Temuco is a Chilean football club based in Temuco, Araucanía Region. It currently plays in the Chilean Primera División B, holding home games at the new Estadio Municipal Germán Becker.

The club was founded on February 22, 1960, as Deportes Temuco and again on March 20, 1965, after a merger with Green Cross. Until 1984, the club was known as Green Cross – Temuco, and, in 2007, changed its name to Deportivo Temuco, only on that season.

In 2013, the club merged with Unión Temuco, but the name of Deportes Temuco was kept, along with the logo and traditional white and green colors, making it seem as Deportes Temuco absorbing Unión rather than a fusion. Thanks to the fusion though, Deportes Temuco left the Segunda División and returned to Primera B for season 2013–14, using Unión Temuco's place in that league.
H5N1 vaccine
A H5N1 vaccine is an influenza vaccine intended to provide immunization to influenza A virus subtype H5N1.

Vaccination of poultry against the avian H5N1 influenza epizootic is widespread in certain countries. Some vaccines also exist for use in humans. As of July 2024, these include Aflunov, Audenz, Celldemic, and Incellipan.

The hemagglutinin protein is the main viral antigen of influenza A viruses, including the H5N1 subtype. Vaccination can induce antibodies that block the functions of the H5 hemagglutinin and neutralize virus infectivity.

The influenza virus is highly variable - the H5N1 virus infecting cattle in the USA is different from the viruses that showed up in poultry in 1997. However licensed vaccines can be updated in a process similar to that used for updating seasonal influenza vaccines.

Hemagglutinin (influenza)
Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) or haemagglutinin[p] (British English) is a homotrimeric glycoprotein found on the surface of influenza viruses and is integral to its infectivity.

Hemagglutinin is a class I fusion protein, having multifunctional activity as both an attachment factor and membrane fusion protein. Therefore, HA is responsible for binding influenza viruses to sialic acid on the surface of target cells, such as cells in the upper respiratory tract or erythrocytes, resulting in the internalization of the virus. Additionally, HA is responsible for the fusion of the viral envelope with the late endosomal membrane once exposed to low pH (5.0–5.5).

The name "hemagglutinin" comes from the protein's ability to cause red blood cells (i.e., erythrocytes) to clump together (i.e., agglutinate) in vitro.
98th Wisconsin Legislature
The Ninety-Eighth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 3, 2007, through January 5, 2009, in regular session, though it adjourned for legislative activity on June 11, 2008.  The legislature also held five special sessions during the term.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 7, 2006. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of their four-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 2, 2004.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Democrat Jim Doyle, of Dane County, serving the first two years of his second four-year term, having won re-election in the 2006 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.

Dane County, Wisconsin
Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. Dane County is the fastest growing county in Wisconsin. It contains nearly 10% of the population of Wisconsin, and it only contained 5% of Wisconsin's population in 1950.

The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital. Dane County is the central county of the Madison metropolitan area, as well as the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
William Threlfall
William Richard Maximilian Hugo Threlfall (25 June 1888, in Dresden – 4 April 1949, in Oberwolfach) was a British-born German mathematician who worked on algebraic topology. He was a coauthor of the standard textbook Lehrbuch der Topologie.

In 1933 he signed the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State.

Oberwolfach
Oberwolfach (Low Alemannic: Obberwolfä) is a town in the district of Ortenau in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is the site of the Oberwolfach Research Institute for Mathematics, or Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach.
Valarie
Valarie is a given name, similar to Valerie.

Valarie Allman (born 1995), American track and field athlete.

Valarie Hodges (born 1955), American businesswoman and politician.

Valarie Jenkins (born 1986), American disc golfer.

Valarie Kaur (born 1981), American civil rights activist, documentary filmmaker, lawyer, educator and faith leader.

Valarie Lawson (born 1966), American politician

Valarie Rae Miller (born 1974), American actress

Valarie Pettiford (born 1960), American stage and television actress, dancer, and jazz singer

Valarie Zeithaml, American marketing professor and author

Valarie Lawson
Valarie Lawson (born August 14, 1966) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the Rhode Island Senate, representing District 14 since January 2019.

Lawson is also an educator at East Providence High School where she teaches U.S History and civics. She is also the Vice-President of the National Education Association of Rhode Island, she will become the president of this teachers union in 2023.

Lawson was elected as majority leader of the Rhode Island Senate in November 2024 and as president in April 2025 following the death of Dominick J. Ruggerio.
Naja christyi
Naja christyi (formerly Boulengerina christyi), commonly known as the Congo water cobra or Christy's water cobra, is a species of venomous snakes belonging to the family Elapidae. The species is native to Sub-Saharan Africa.

This species was formerly in the genus Boulengerina, but more recent research by Wallach et al. has shown that Boulengerina is actually a subgenus and Boulengerina christyi is a synonym of Naja christyi. This species has no known subspecies.

Venomous snake
Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD50, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties. There are about 600 venomous snake species in the world.
Free Democratic Party
Free Democratic Party is the name of several political parties around the world. It usually designates a party ideologically based on liberalism.

Current parties with that name include:

Free Democratic Party (Germany), a liberal political party in Germany

Free Democratic Party (Liberia)

FDP.The Liberals, a conservative liberal political party in Switzerland

Free Democrats (Armenia)

Free Democrats (Georgia)

Historical parties of the name include:

Free Democratic Party (East Germany)

Free Democratic Party (Northern Cyprus)

Free Democratic Party of Switzerland

Free Democratic Party (Turkey)

Free Democrats (Georgia)
Free Democrats (Georgian: თავისუფალი დემოკრატები, romanized: tavisupali demok'rat'ebi), previously known as Our Georgia – Free Democrats is a liberal and pro-Western political party in Georgia. It was founded by Irakli Alasania, Georgia's former envoy to the United Nations, on 16 July 2009. Tamar Kekenadze serves as the party's current chairman.

The party was formed in opposition to the government led by Mikheil Saakashvili and his United National Movement (UNM) party. From 2012 to 2014 it was a part of the Georgian Dream coalition that unseated the UNM government from power. In 2016 it ran independently of the coalition barely missing the 5% threshold needed to enter the parliament. Ever since the party has been in the extraparliamentary opposition.
IAE Paris-Est School of Management
48°47′16″N 2°27′00″E﻿ / ﻿48.787689°N 2.449953°E﻿ / 48.787689; 2.449953

The IAE Paris-Est School of Management (formerly known as IAE Gustave Eiffel, School of Management) is a French public graduate school of management. Its research lab IRG is one of the largest  in management in France.

It is a part of the University of Paris Est-Créteil (UPEC), University of Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM) and the IAE France Network.

The IAE Paris-Est School offers both undergraduate (Bachelor – Licence) and graduate (Master and PhD – Master et Doctorat) programs in fields such as accounting, finance, management, marketing, and health management. Some of its Masters are ranked among the best in France.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Ink tag
Ink tags are a form of retail loss prevention that is commonly used in clothing stores. These tags contain glass vials filled with permanent ink and have a thick plastic cover. The tags are attached to the items they protect with a magnetic lock which requires a special tool to remove. When forcibly removed from the item the vials of ink will shatter, releasing the ink and irreparably damaging the fabric. The tags typically have warning labels to discourage tampering. Ink tags fall into the loss prevention category called benefit denial. As the name suggests, an ink tag discourages theft by denying the shoplifter any benefit for their efforts. Ink tags are most effective if used together with another anti-shoplifting system.

Ink
Ink is a gel, sol, or solution that contains at least one colorant, such as a dye or pigment, and is used to color a surface to produce an image, text, or design. Ink is used for drawing or writing with a pen, brush, reed pen, or quill. Thicker inks, in paste form, are used extensively in letterpress and lithographic printing.

Ink can be a complex medium, composed of solvents, pigments, dyes, resins, lubricants, solubilizers, surfactants, particulate matter, fluorescents, and other materials. The components of inks serve multiple purposes; the ink's carrier, colorants, and other additives affect the flow and thickness of the ink and its dry appearance.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics
The Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the B.R. Nahata Smriti Sansthan (Memorial Trust) (Mandsaur, India). Articles address topics in pharmaceutics, biopharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacology, pharmaceutical analysis, pharmacy practice, and clinical and hospital pharmacy.

Pharmaceutics
Pharmaceutics is the discipline of pharmacy that deals with the process of turning a new chemical entity (NCE) or an existing drug into a medication to be used safely and effectively by patients. The patients could be either humans or animals. Pharmaceutics helps relate the formulation of drugs to their delivery and disposition in the body. Pharmaceutics deals with the formulation of a pure drug substance into a dosage form.
Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Ustav Bosne i Hercegovine, Устав Босне и Херцеговине) is the supreme law of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The current text is Annex 4 to the General Framework Agreement for Peace, initiated on 21 November 1995 and signed on 14 December 1995. The Constitution affirms state continuity, establishes institutions, allocates competences between the State and the Entities, and incorporates extensive human-rights guarantees with explicit reference to the European Convention.

Venice Commission
The Venice Commission (French: Commission de Venise, officially titled European Commission for Democracy through Law) is an advisory body of the Council of Europe, composed of independent experts in the field of constitutional law. It was created in 1990 after the fall of the Berlin Wall, at a time of urgent need for constitutional assistance in Central and Eastern Europe.
India (given name)
India is a feminine given name derived from the name of the country India, which itself takes its name from the Indus River. The name was used for India Wilkes, a character in the novel and film Gone with the Wind. Its use for girls in England began during the British rule in India during the 19th century. It has been used for daughters of aristocratic families in England that had ties to Colonial India, such as India Hicks. It has had an exotic image in the Anglosphere and also is similar in sound to other fashionable names such as Olivia and Sophia. In more recent years, some critics have viewed use of the name for non-Indian girls as problematic because they say it evokes the British Raj and colonialism. Although India is a feminine given name in the world, it is not a popular given name in India.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Bagga
Bagga is a surname of Punjabi people found in Punjab (India) and Punjab (Pakistan).

Notable people with the surname include:

Madan Lal Bagga, Indian politician

Rahul Bagga (born 1980), Indian actor

Rajeev Bagga (born 1967), Indian-born badminton player who represents Britain

Sahir Ali Bagga, Pakistani singer, music director and composer

Santokh Bagga, Canadian-Indian informant in the investigation of the 1985 Air India bombing

Simran Bagga (born 1976), known as Simran, Indian film actress, producer, classical dancer, model, and television personality

S. K. Bagga (1954–2025), Indian politician in Delhi

Simran (actress)
Rishibala Naval (born 4 April 1976), known professionally as Simran, is an Indian actress,  who predominantly works in Tamil films whilst also appearing in Telugu, Hindi, Kannada and Malayalam films. She is the recipient of numerous accolades including three Filmfare Awards South and one Tamil Nadu State Film Award.

Simran debuted in Tamil films in 1997, with two successful films Once More and V.I.P., which earned her Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut – South. She won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Tamil for Kannathil Muthamittal (2002) and Best Supporting Actress – Tamil for Vaaranam Aayiram (2008). Following a career hiatus, Simran returned to screens in 2014.
No Treasure but Hope
No Treasure but Hope is the twelfth studio album by English alternative rock band Tindersticks, released on 15 November 2019 on Lucky Dog Recordings/City Slang. Although the album failed to chart in the UK, it achieved modest chart placings in other European countries.

Stuart A. Staples
Stuart Ashton Staples (born 14 November 1965) is an English musician best known as the lead singer of indie band Tindersticks, in which he also plays guitar. Staples is noted for his crooning vocal style and a bass, nasal voice.