hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Great Lakes Pilotage Authority
The Great Lakes Pilotage Authority (French: Administration de pilotage des Grands Lacs) is a Crown corporation of the Government of Canada, which was established as a result of recommendations made by the Royal Commission on Pilotage in Canada, by the Pilotage Act in February 1972. Initially incorporated as a limited company in May 1972, it became an independent Crown corporation in 1998. The corporation is responsible for pilotage through Canadian waters in Manitoba and Ontario, as well as waters in Quebec south of the Saint-Lambert Lock. In international waters (predominantly the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence Seaway), pilotage is a shared responsibility between the Great Lakes Pilotage Authority and American pilot associations.

In 2017, the pilotage authority was the subject of a special examination by the Auditor General of Canada.

Piloting
Piloting or pilotage is the process of navigating on water or in the air using fixed points of reference on the sea or on land, usually with reference to a nautical chart or aeronautical chart to obtain a fix of the position of the vessel or aircraft with respect to a desired course or location. Horizontal fixes of position from known reference points may be obtained by sight or by radar. Vertical position may be obtained by depth sounder to determine depth of the water body below a vessel or by altimeter to determine an aircraft's altitude, from which its distance above the ground can be deduced. Piloting a vessel is usually practiced close to shore or on inland waterways. Pilotage of an aircraft is practiced under visual meteorological conditions for flight.

Land navigation is a related discipline, using a topographic map, especially when applied over trackless terrain. Divers use related techniques for underwater navigation.
Aden Ridge
The Aden Ridge is a part of an active oblique rift system located in the Gulf of Aden, between Somalia and the Arabian Peninsula to the north. The rift system marks the divergent boundary between the Somali and Arabian tectonic plates, extending from the Owen transform fault in the Arabian Sea to the Afar triple junction or Afar Plume beneath the Gulf of Tadjoura in Djibouti.

The Gulf of Aden is divided east to west into three distinct regions by large-scale discontinuities, the Socotra, Alula Fartak, and Shukra-El Sheik transform faults. Located in the central region, bounded by the Alula Fartak fault and Shukra-El Sheik fault, is the Aden spreading ridge. The Aden Ridge connects to the Sheba Ridge in the eastern region and to the Tadjoura Ridge in the western region. Due to oblique nature of the Aden Ridge, it is highly segmented. Along the ridge there are seven transform faults that offset it to the north.

Arabian plate
The Arabian plate is a minor tectonic plate in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres.

It is one of the three continental plates (along with the African and Indian plates) that have been moving northward in geological history and colliding with the Eurasian plate. This collision is resulting in a mingling of plate pieces and mountain ranges extending in the west from the Pyrenees, crossing Southern Europe to Iranian plateau, forming the Alborz and the Zagros Mountains, to the Himalayas and ranges of Southeast Asia.
Slichter
Slichter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Pence Slichter (1924–2018), American physicist

Charles S. Slichter (1864–1946), American mathematician

Jacob Slichter (born 1961), American musician

Louis B. Slichter (1896–1978), American physicist and geophysicist

Sumner Slichter (1892–1959), American economist

Charles S. Slichter
Charles Sumner Slichter (April 16, 1864 – October 4, 1946) was an applied mathematician and dean of the graduate school at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His most notable scholarly contribution focused on hydrogeology, where he developed a method of quantifying the velocity of ground-water underflow in river valleys.  This method employed ammonium chloride that would be placed in an upstream, i.e., the upgradient, well and detected in three observation wells a short distance away, i.e., the downgradient.
Chapter 2 (House of Cards)
"Chapter 2" is the second episode of the first season of the American political thriller drama series House of Cards. Written by series creator Beau Willimon and directed by David Fincher, the episode premiered on February 1, 2013, when it was released along with the rest of the first season on the American streaming service Netflix.

Kate Mara
Kate Rooney Mara (/ˈmɛərə/ MAIR-ə; born February 27, 1983) is an American actress. She is known for her work in television, playing reporter Zoe Barnes in the Netflix political drama House of Cards (2013–2014; 2016), computer analyst Shari Rothenberg in the Fox thriller series 24 (2006), wronged mistress Hayden McClaine in the FX miniseries American Horror Story: Murder House (2011), Patty Bowes in the first season of the FX drama series Pose (2018), and a teacher involved with an underage student in the FX miniseries A Teacher (2020).

Mara made her film debut in Random Hearts (1999). She has since appeared in Brokeback Mountain (2005), We Are Marshall (2006), Shooter (2007), Transsiberian (2008), Stone of Destiny (2008), The Open Road (2009), Transcendence (2014), The Martian (2015), Fantastic Four (2015), Morgan (2016), Megan Leavey (2017), My Days of Mercy (2017), Chappaquiddick (2018), and Friendship (2024).
Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order 1999
The Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order 1999 (SI 1999/1126) is a statutory instrument of the United Kingdom government, defining the boundaries of internal waters, territorial sea, and British fishing limits adjacent to Scotland. It was introduced in accordance with the Scotland Act 1998, which established the devolved Scottish Parliament.

Statutory instrument (UK)
A statutory instrument (SI) is the principal form in which delegated legislation is made in the United Kingdom.

Statutory instruments are governed by the Statutory Instruments Act 1946. They replaced statutory rules and orders, made under the Rules Publication Act 1893, in 1948.

Most delegated legislation in Great Britain is made in the form of a statutory instrument (in Northern Ireland, delegated legislation is organised into statutory rules, rather than statutory instruments.) The advent of devolution in 1999 resulted in many powers to make statutory instruments being transferred to the Scottish and Welsh governments, and oversight to the Scottish Parliament and Senedd. Instruments made by the Scottish Government are now classed separately as Scottish statutory instruments. Instruments made by the Welsh Government are now classed separately as Welsh statutory instruments.
Sexton (artillery)
The 25pdr SP, tracked, Sexton was a Canadian-designed self-propelled artillery vehicle of the Second World War. It was based on Canadian-built derivatives of the American M3 Lee and M4 Sherman tank chassis. Canada had set up to produce the Ram tank using the M3 chassis and Grizzly (a copy of the M4) to complement US medium tank production; when Sherman production in the US expanded and supply was assured, it was decided in 1943 to switch the Canadian production lines to produce the Sexton to give the British Army a mobile gun using their 87.6 mm (3.45 in) Ordnance QF 25-pounder gun-howitzer for commonality with towed guns. The Sexton could fire either HE shell or an armour-piercing shell. It found use in the Canadian, British, and other British Commonwealth   armies, as well as other countries. After the war, a number of Sextons and Grizzlies were sold to Portugal, which used them into the 1980s.

Armour-piercing ammunition
Armour-piercing ammunition (AP) is a type of projectile designed to penetrate armour protection, most often including naval armour, body armour, and vehicle armour.

The first, major application of armour-piercing projectiles was to defeat the thick armour carried on many warships and cause damage to their lightly armoured interiors. From the 1920s onwards, armour-piercing weapons were required for anti-tank warfare. AP rounds smaller than 20 mm are intended for lightly armoured targets such as body armour, bulletproof glass, and lightly armoured vehicles.

As tank armour improved during World War II, anti-vehicle rounds began to use a smaller but dense penetrating body within a larger shell, firing at a very-high muzzle velocity. Modern penetrators are long rods of dense material like tungsten or depleted uranium (DU) that further improve the terminal ballistics.
My Coach
My Coach is a series of video games released by Ubisoft mainly for the Nintendo DS and Wii gaming systems. Pauline Jacquey, the series producer, has described the series as a tool for "developing projects that make people feel that playing games is worth their while, allowing them to spend quality time with family and friends, learn a new skill, or improve their daily lives.”

Ubisoft has released several games in the series, such as My Word Coach, a 2007 Wii and DS title meant to help people with their vocabulary and verbal communication, and My Stop Smoking Coach: Allen Carr's EasyWay, a game which many years after its 2008 release gained ground on YouTube for its oddity, with YouTubers making videos playing and making fun of the game. Two Product Managers based out of San Francisco, Chris Ferriter and Brian Cho, were credited for launching the iOS versions in 2009, which became Ubisoft's first mobile app on the iTunes App Store.

My Word Coach
My Word Coach is a video game from Ubisoft for the Nintendo DS, Wii and iOS. It involves English vocabulary, and is intended to develop the ability to express oneself clearly and with confidence, using a system called Expression Potential, or EP. It uses words and definitions from the Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary. The data of three players may be saved on to one copy, and one can compete on the Nintendo DS and Wii platforms using Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection.
Anna-Reeta Korhonen
Anna Margaretha Lyytinen or Anna-Reeta Korhonen (5 February 1809 Rautalampi – 1 October 1893 Vesanto) was a Finnish folk poet.

Korhonen's parents were folk poet Paavo Korhonen aka Vihta-Paavo and Liisa Huttunen. She was married to Sakari Lyytinen.

Vesanto
Vesanto is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the North Savo region. The municipality has a population of 1,828 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 569.80 square kilometres (220.00 sq mi) of which 147.1 km2 (56.8 sq mi), or 26%, is water. The population density is 4.33 inhabitants per square kilometre (11.2/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Neighbour municipalities are Keitele, Konnevesi, Rautalampi, Tervo, Viitasaari and Äänekoski.
Queen of Pop (album)
Queen of Pop is a compilation album of songs recorded by Australian singer-songwriter Marcia Hines on the Wizard Record label between 1975 and 1979. The album was released in November 2000 by BMG records.

The title pays tribute to the "Queen of Pop" award she won three consecutive years between 1976 and 1978.

Australian pop music awards
Australian pop music awards are a series of inter-related national awards that gave recognition to popular musical artists and have included the Go-Set pop poll (1966–1972); TV Week King of Pop Awards (1967–1978); TV Week and Countdown Music Awards (1979–1980); the Countdown Awards (1981–1982) and Countdown Music and Video Awards (1983–1987). Early awards were based on popular voting from readers of teenage pop music newspaper Go-Set and television program guide TV Week. They were followed by responses from viewers of Countdown, a TV pop music series (1974–1987) on national broadcaster Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). Some of the later award ceremonies incorporated listed nominees and peer-voted awards. From 1987 the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) instituted its own peer-voted ARIA Music Awards.
Types of fish in Uganda
There are two major sources of fish in Uganda; one is from aquaculture, the other from fishing in rivers and lakes. Different types of fish flourish in different water sources. The waters of Uganda contain an impressive array of fish species—over 90 in all. This count does not include the Haplochromis complex, which itself is made up of more than 200 species.

Fish that are the target of most commercial and subsistence exploitation include species like Nile perch (Lates niloticus), Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), Pebbly Fish or Silversides (Alestes baremoze), Bagrus Catfish (Bagrus), Clarias Catfish (Clarias), Tiger Fish (Hydrocynus), the Silver Cyprinid (Rastrineobola argentea), Lungfish (Protopterus), and the Haplochromines (Haplochromis).

Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Nile perch (Lates niloticus) are the most common fish species in Uganda. Other fish types include spat, cat fish, silver fish.

Hydrocynus
Hydrocynus is a genus of Characin fish in the family Alestidae commonly called "tigerfish," native to Africa. The genus name is derived from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ ("water") + κύων ("dog"). The genus contains five species, all commonly known as "African tigerfish" for their fierce predatory behaviour and other characteristics that make them excellent game fish. Hydrocynus are normally piscivorous, but H. vittatus is proven to prey on birds in flight.
Aeroflot Flight 15
Aeroflot Flight 15 (Russian: Рейс 15 Аэрофлота Reys 15 Aeroflota) was a passenger flight from Moscow-Domodedovo Airport to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport with a stopover at Yemelyanovo Airport that crashed on 29 February 1968 en route to Petropavlovsk.  All but one aboard the aircraft were killed in the crash.

Moscow Domodedovo Airport
Moscow Domodedovo Airport (Russian: Московский аэропорт Домодедово, IPA: [dəmɐˈdʲɛdəvə]) (IATA: DME, ICAO: UUDD), formally Domodedovo Mikhail Lomonosov International Airport, is an international airport serving Moscow, the capital of Russia. It is located in Domodedovo, Moscow Oblast, 42 kilometres (26 mi) south-southeast from the city centre of Moscow. Domodedovo Airport serves regular flights across Russia and Belarus, as well as to various destinations in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. As of 2024 it is the 4th busiest airport in Russia and Post-Soviet states (after Sheremetyevo, Pulkovo and Vnukovo) as well as 44th busiest airport in Europe.

In 2019, following a naming contest and a presidential decree, the airport was renamed after Russian scientist Mikhail Lomonosov.
Griman Creek Formation
The Griman Creek Formation is a geological formation in northern New South Wales and southern Queensland, Australia whose strata date back to the Albian-Cenomanian stages of the mid-Cretaceous. It is most notable being a major source of opal, found near the town of Lightning Ridge, New South Wales. Alongside the opal opalised fossils are also found, including those of dinosaurs and primitive monotremes.

Albian
The Albian is both an age of the geologic timescale and a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is the youngest or uppermost subdivision of the Early/Lower Cretaceous Epoch/Series. Its approximate time range is 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma to 100.5 ± 0.1 Ma (million years ago). The Albian is preceded by the Aptian and followed by the Cenomanian.
Bunbury Catholic College
Bunbury Catholic College is a Catholic secondary school, located in Bunbury, in the South West region of Western Australia.

The college was formed in 1973 after the amalgamation of St Francis Xavier's College (operated by the Marist Brothers) and St Joseph's College (operated by the Sisters of Mercy) and provides a general and religious education for approximately 1,000 students from Year 7 to Year 12.

South West (Western Australia)
The South West region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia. It has an area of 23,970 square kilometres (9,250 sq mi), and a population of about 170,000 people. Bunbury is the main city in the region.
Skia (typeface)
Skia is a humanist sans-serif typeface designed by Matthew Carter for Apple Computer in 1994. Skia is Greek for "shadow", and the letterforms take inspiration from stone-carved 1st century BC Greek writing. The typeface was the first QuickDraw GX font, and has been pre-installed in Mac operating systems since System 7.5 (1994).

Skia includes "GX variations" technology that–if an application offers the UI–allows its weight to be adjusted smoothly between thin and bold, and its width between narrow and extended. (Adobe's "multiple master" technology was similar.) In 2016 it was announced that several technology companies, including Google, Microsoft and Adobe, were adopting Apple's GX variations as the basis of the variations specification inside OpenType 1.8, and since that announcement Skia had been used to demonstrate the capabilities of the technology.

Matthew Carter
Matthew Carter (born 1 October 1937) is an English-born American type designer. A 2005 New Yorker profile described him as 'the most widely read man in the world' by considering the amount of text set in his commonly used typefaces.

Carter's career began in the early 1960s and has bridged all three major technologies used in type design: physical type, phototypesetting and digital type design, as well as the design of custom lettering.

Carter's most used typefaces are the classic web typefaces Verdana and Georgia and the Windows interface typeface Tahoma, as well as other designs including Bell Centennial, Miller and Galliard. He is the son of the English historian of printing Harry Carter (1901–1982) and cofounded Bitstream, one of the first major retailers of digital typefaces. He lives in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Quan Shuren
Quan Shuren (Chinese: 全树仁; 26 August 1930 – 1 December 2008) was a Chinese politician who served as governor of Liaoning from 1983 to 1986, party secretary of Liaoning from 1986 to 1993, and chairman of Liaoning People's Congress from 1993 to 1998.

He was an alternate member of the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and a member of the 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a representative of the 13th, 14th, and 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 6th, 7th, and 8th National People's Congress. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 9th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was convened from 12 to 18 October, 1992.  It was preceded by the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. 2,000 delegates represented the party's 51 million members.

The Congress elected the 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Building socialism with Chinese Characteristics was advanced. The congress outlined the major tasks in the reform, economic and social development in the 1990s. It declared that the target of China's economic restructuring was to establish a socialist market economic system. It was succeeded by the 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.
Victor Mitchell
Victor Mitchell (born December 12, 1965) is an American businessman and former legislator in Colorado. Since 2008, he has been CEO of Lead Funding, a national real estate lender. Elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican in 2006, Mitchell represented House District 45, including Teller County and southern Douglas County, Colorado. Mitchell served one term in office and did not stand for re-election in 2008.

In February 2017, Mitchell filed papers to be a candidate for Colorado Governor in 2018. However, he lost in the primary election to fellow Republican Walker Stapleton.

Teller County, Colorado
Teller County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 24,710. The county seat is Cripple Creek, and the most populous city is Woodland Park. Teller County is included in the Colorado Springs metropolitan area.
ETV+
ETV+ is a Russian language free-to-air television channel operated by the Estonian Public Broadcasting. It was launched on 28 September 2015. The channel is aimed at Estonia's Russian-speaking minority airing both news and entertainment shows. The channel's budget in 2015 was 2.53 million euros.

Russians in Estonia
In Estonia, the population of ethnic Russians is estimated at 285,819 or 20.9% of the country's total population as of 2025, most of whom live in the capital city Tallinn and other urban areas of Harju and Ida-Viru counties. While a small settlement of Russian Old Believers on the coast of Lake Peipus has an over 300-year long history, the large majority of the ethnic Russian population in the country originates from the immigration from Russia and other parts of the former USSR during the 1944–1991 Soviet occupation of Estonia.
769 Naval Air Squadron
769 Naval Air Squadron (769 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom’s Royal Navy (RN). It last disbanded and merged with 717 Naval Air Squadron after the Second World War. 769 Naval Air Squadron Formed at HMS Merlin, RNAS Donibristle, during May 1939, by renumbering 801 Naval Air Squadron.
Its role was a fighter Deck Landing Training Squadron, using HMS Furious for advanced training, before disbanding in the December. It reformed in November 1941, as a unit within the Deck Landing Training School at HMS Condor, RNAS Arbroath, and in November 1943, it moved to HMS Peewit, RNAS East Haven. Its role changed to Torpedo Bomber Reconnaissance Training in 1944, before moving to HMS Merganser, RNAS Rattray, in July 1945.

Torpedo bomber
A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by anti-ship missiles. They were an important element in many famous Second World War battles, notably the British attack at Taranto, the sinking of the German battleship Bismarck, the sinking of the British battleship HMS Prince Of Wales and the British battlecruiser HMS Repulse and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Patna–Digha Ghat line
Patna–Digha Ghat line was a railway line connecting Patna Junction and Digha Ghat railway station in the Indian city of Patna. It was constructed by the British in 1862, and functioned intermittently. The railway line was revived in 1962–63 and 2004 by the then Indian Railway Ministers, Jagjivan Ram and Lalu Prasad Yadav, respectively. Passenger train operations on the route were economically unviable due to low ridership. However, trains continued to run on the railway line in order to prevent encroachment.

In August 2018, the railway line along with the surrounding land was transferred to the Bihar state government, which plans to convert it into a four- to six-lane roadway to ease traffic congestion in the city. The project is scheduled to be completed by mid-2021. Indian Railways got around 1.9-hectare (4.8-acre) of land on Hardinge Road from Bihar government in lieu of the 7 km long Patna–Digha Ghat line land it offered to the latter for the construction of R-Block-Digha Road.

Government of Bihar
Bihar Government is the state government of the Indian state of Bihar and its nine divisions which consist of districts. It consists of an executive, led by the Governor of Bihar, a judiciary and legislative branches.

Like other states in India, the head of state of Bihar is the Governor, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the central government. The head of state is largely ceremonial. The Chief Minister is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. Patna is the capital of Bihar hence, it serves as the headquarter for almost all the departments.

The Patna High Court, located in Patna, has jurisdiction over the whole state. The present legislative structure of Bihar is bicameral. The Legislative houses are the Bihar Vidhan Sabha (Bihar Legislative Assembly) and Bihar Vidhan Parishad (Bihar Legislative Council). Their normal term is five years, unless dissolved earlier.