hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stefan–Boltzmann law
The Stefan–Boltzmann law, also known as Stefan's law, describes the intensity of the thermal radiation emitted by matter in terms of that matter's temperature.  It is named for Josef Stefan, who empirically derived the relationship, and Ludwig Boltzmann who derived the law theoretically.

For an ideal absorber/emitter or black body, the Stefan–Boltzmann law states that the total energy radiated per unit surface area per unit time (also known as the radiant exitance) is directly proportional to the fourth power of the black body's temperature, T:

The constant of proportionality, , is called the Stefan–Boltzmann constant. It has the value

In the general case, the Stefan–Boltzmann law for radiant exitance takes the form:

where  is the emissivity of the surface emitting the radiation.  The emissivity is generally between zero and one.  An emissivity of one corresponds to a black body.

Power (physics)
Power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. In the International System of Units, the unit of power is the watt (symbol W), equal to one joule per second (J/s). Power is a scalar quantity.

The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.  Likewise, the power dissipated in an electrical element of a circuit is the product of the current flowing through the element and of the voltage across the element.
Loch Valley
Loch Valley is a loch in Galloway Forest Park to the east of Buchan Hill, north of the Rig of the Jarkness and southwest of Craignaw. It drains via Gairland Burn down to Loch Trool.

The loch has a catchment area entirely on the Loch Doon granite, is oligotrophic, and has suffered from gradual acidification since the mid-19th century leading to the elimination of the original Brown Trout population. It has recovered to some extent, with the pH increasing slowly from around 4.4 in 1978 to 5.2 in 2003.

Between 1983 and 2003 the loch's dissolved organic carbon levels increased, and the loch had a sediment accumulation rate of around 0.01 g cm−2 yr−1 from 1850 to 1975.

Craignaw
Craignaw is a hill in the Dungeon Hills, a sub-range of the Galloway Hills range, part of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. Unlike many hills in the Southern Uplands, Craignaw has a complex and rocky summit area, with a long line of crags and rough ground on the east side. The hill is largely composed of granite. Near the north end of the hill is an interesting area of terrain known as the "Deil's Bowlin' Green" where various rounded granite boulders are scatterd at random over an area of nearly horizontal granite slabs. These are believed to be glacial erratics or result from a similar glacier process. On the west side of the hill, near grid reference NX458831, a few hundred meters from the summit is an F-111E Aardvark crash site. The site is marked by a small memorial to the two U.S. Air Force pilots who were killed in the accident (Captains Spaulding and Hetzner). Although the crash happened on 19 December 1979 there are still small amounts of aircraft debris in the area.
Setin
SETiN is an Iranian short film with a social theme, directed, produced and co-written by Asghar Abbasi, and starring Siamak Atlasi. The film deals with the social issues of Iranian culture. Setin was nominated for the best film at the HECare Film Festival in Canada.

Asghar Abbasi
Asghar Abbasi (Persian: اصغر عباسی, born 1 December 1980 in Yazd, Iran) is an Iranian short film director, writer and producer. He is the winner of the golden lantern statue for the best director for the film A Dream That Is Not White from Ammar International Popular Film Festival.
Loren H. Rieseberg
Loren H. Rieseberg FRSC FRS FRSB (born 1961) is a Canadian-American botanist.

Born in Alberta, Canada, his family moved to the US. He graduated from Washington State University with a Ph.D. in 1987.

He is a Professor of Botany at the University of British Columbia and a Distinguished Professor of Biology at Indiana University, and head of the Rieseberg Lab. In October 2016, he was appointed the Director of the UBC Biodiversity Research Centre, replacing Sally Otto. He is on the editorial boards of numerous journals and has edited Molecular Ecology for many years.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Biology (FRSB), previously Fellowship of the Society of Biology (FSB), is an award and fellowship granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Biology has adjudged to have made a "prominent contribution to the advancement of the biological sciences, and has gained no less than five years of experience in a position of senior responsibility".
Olaf Sporns
Olaf Sporns (born 18 September 1963) is Provost Professor in Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University and scientific co-director of the university's Network Science Institute. He is the founding editor of the academic journal Network Neuroscience, published by MIT Press.

Sporns received his degree from University of Tübingen in Tübingen, West Germany, before going to New York to study at the Rockefeller University under Gerald Edelman. After receiving his doctorate, he followed Edelman to the Neurosciences Institute in La Jolla, California.

His focus is in the area of computational cognitive neuroscience. His topics of study include functional integration and binding in the cerebral cortex, neural models of perception and action, network structure and dynamics, applications of information theory to the brain and embodied cognitive science using robotics. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2011 in the Natural Sciences category.

Gerald Edelman
Gerald Maurice Edelman (/ˈɛdəlmən/; July 1, 1929 – May 17, 2014) was an American biologist who shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work with Rodney Robert Porter on the immune system.  Edelman's Nobel Prize-winning research concerned discovery of the structure of antibody molecules.  In interviews, he has said that the way the components of the immune system evolve over the life of the individual is analogous to the way the components of the brain evolve in a lifetime. There is a continuity in this way between his work on the immune system, for which he won the Nobel Prize, and his later work in neuroscience and in philosophy of mind.
America's Funniest Home Videos: Animal Edition
America's Funniest Home Videos: Animal Edition (abbreviated as AFV Animal Edition) is an American video clip television series that first aired on Nat Geo Wild on June 11, 2021. It is based on the Japanese variety show Fun TV with Kato-chan and Ken-chan and is a spin-off of America's Funniest Home Videos. The show features humorous and wondrous homemade animal videos that are submitted by viewers, from pets to wildlife and everything in-between. It is hosted by Alfonso Ribeiro, who is also the current host of its parent show.

The show is also broadcast on Disney XD.

Alfonso Ribeiro
Alfonso Lincoln Ribeiro (born September 21, 1971) is an American actor, comedian, and television host. In a career spanning over four decades, he is best known for his role as Carlton Banks on the NBC television sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air (1990–1996), as well as his performances on Silver Spoons (1984–1987) and In the House (1996–1999).

Ribeiro started his career as a child actor and gained recognition for his titular performance in the Broadway musical The Tap Dance Kid. He later competed in the thirteenth season of the British survival show I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. Ribeiro currently hosts ABC's video clip series America's Funniest Home Videos and co-hosts its reality competition series Dancing with the Stars with Julianne Hough. He won the latter program's nineteenth season alongside professional dancer Witney Carson, with whom he presented the GSN game show Catch 21.
Iraqi coup d'état
There have been at least 6 coups d'état in the state of Iraq, and one attempt.

1936 Iraqi coup d'état, Baqr Sidki took power by a military coup in Iraq

1941 Iraqi coup d'état, anti-British and pro-German military coup in Iraq

1958 Iraqi coup d'état, or 14 July Revolution, marking the overthrow of the Hashemite monarchy established by King Faisal I

February 1963 Iraqi coup d'état, or Ramadan Revolution, Ba'athist coup against Abd al-Karim Qasim

November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état, Bloodless pro-Nasserist coup against Ba'athists

1968 Iraqi coup d'état, or 17 July Revolution, bloodless coup led by General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr

1996 Iraqi coup d'état attempt

1996 Iraqi coup attempt
The 1996 Iraqi coup d'état attempt was a coup d'état attempt against president Saddam Hussein and his regime, as part of a wave of attacks and assassination attempts on the president of Iraq. The attempt occurred in June 1996, when a failed coup plot against the government was planned by the United States according to the Iraqi government.
Trashion
Trashion (a portmanteau of trash and fashion) is a term for clothing and accessories created from used, thrown-out, found, and repurposed elements. The term was first coined in New Zealand in 2004 and gained in usage through 2005. Trashion is a subgenre of found object art, which is basically using objects that already have some other defined purpose, and turning it into art. In this case, trash is used.

Initially trashion was used to describe art-couture costume usually linked to contests or fashion shows; however, as recycling and 'green' fashion have become more prevalent, trashion has taken a turn for the more wearable.  The term is now widely used in creative circles to describe any wearable item or accessory that is constructed using all or part materials recycled materials, including clothing that has been thrifted and reconditioned.

Garbage
Garbage, trash (American English), rubbish (Commonwealth English), or refuse is waste material that is discarded by humans, usually due to a perceived lack of utility. The term generally does not encompass bodily waste products, purely liquid or gaseous wastes, or toxic waste products. Garbage is commonly sorted and classified into kinds of material suitable for specific kinds of disposal.
2023 MSG Prime Minister's Cup
The 2023 MSG Prime Minister's Cup was held from 8–15 October 2023. New Caledonia hosted the competition with matches being played at the Stade Numa-Daly Magenta in Nouméa and the Stade Yoshida in Koné.

Papua New Guinea were defending champions after winning the 2022 edition of the tournament. Regular competitor Fiji did not enter the tournament in order to focus on the 2023 Pacific Games.

The Solomon Islands won the competition for its second-ever title.

Papua New Guinea national soccer team
The Papua New Guinea national soccer team is the men's national soccer team of Papua New Guinea and is controlled by the Papua New Guinea Football Association. Its nickname is the Kapuls, which is Tok Pisin for Cuscus.

Papua New Guinea's highest ever FIFA ranking was 153, in June 2017. As of April 2024, the country was ranked 166 out of 211 countries. This was a drop of 1 place from February 2024. Papua New Guinea had previously left the FIFA rankings, having not competed in a match between July 2007 and August 2011. Their matches at the 2015 Pacific Games saw them return to the rankings, and they competed in the 2016 OFC Nations Cup in June 2016; they reached the final, but lost to New Zealand 4–2 on penalties after the score was tied at 0–0 after extra time.
Seán Moylan (hurler)
Seán Moylan is an Irish former hurler who played as a left wing-back for the Offaly senior team.

Born in Banagher, County Offaly, Moylan first played competitive hurling in his youth. He made his senior debut with Offaly during the 1971-72 National League and immediately became a regular member of the team. During his brief career he experienced little success.

At club level Moylan is a two-time Leinster medallist with St Rynagh's. He also won numerous championship medals with the club.

His retirement came following the conclusion of the 1973 championship.

Moylan's brothers Pat and Barney also had lengthy career playing for Offaly, Moylan's son Thomas also had a short spell with Offaly.

County Offaly
County Offaly (/ˈɒfəli/; Irish: Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe. It was formerly known as King's County, in honour of Philip II of Spain. Offaly County Council is the local authority for the county. The county population was 82,668 at the 2022 census.
Plato of Sakkoudion
Plato the Studite, also Plato of Sakkoudion (Greek: Ὅσιος Πλάτων τῆς Μονῆς τῶν Σακκουδίων; c. 735 in probably Constantinople – 4 April 814 in Constantinople), was a Byzantine minor official who became a monk in 759. After refusing the metropolitan see of Nicomedia or the headship of a monastery in Constantinople, in 783 he founded the monastery of Sakkoudion on Mount Olympus in Bithynia, of which he became the first abbot. He is notable, along with his nephew Theodore Stoudites, for his iconodule stance during the Byzantine Iconoclasm and his participation in the Second Council of Nicaea, and to his firm opposition to the second marriage of Emperor Constantine VI to his (Plato's) niece Theodote (the "Moechian Controversy"). He was canonized by the Church, and his feast day is April 4.

Metropolis of Nicomedia
The Metropolis of Nicomedia (Greek: Μητρόπολις Νικομηδείας) was an ecclesiastical territory (metropolis) of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in northwestern Asia Minor, modern Turkey. Christianity spread in Nicomedia already in the 1st century AD. Following the capture of the city by the Ottoman Turks in the early 14th century, the metropolitan see remained for a period vacant. The metropolis was re-established during the 15th century and remained active until the Greek-Turkish population exchange of 1922–1923.
Automobile magazine
An automobile magazine is a magazine with news and reports on cars and the automobile industry.

Automobile magazines may feature new car tests and comparisons, which describe advantages and disadvantages of similar models; future models speculations, confidential information and "spyshots" (pictures of camouflaged models tested by automakers); modified automobiles; lists of new models with prices, specifications and ratings; used car advertisements; auto racing news and events; and other information.

The first two magazines were launched in November 1895, in the very early days of motoring, the American The Horseless Age, which later became Automotive Industries Magazine and the British The Autocar.

Car tuning
Car tuning is the modification of a car to optimise it for a different set of performance requirements from those it was originally designed to meet. Most commonly this is higher engine performance and dynamic handling characteristics but cars may also be altered to provide better fuel economy, or smoother response. The goal when tuning is the improvement of a vehicle's overall performance in response to the user's needs. Often, tuning is done at the expense of emissions performance, component reliability and occupant comfort.

As a culture has grown around modified cars the term tuning has grown to encompass the cosmetic and stylistic changes owners make to personalize their vehicles. These changes can range from functional modifications designed to improve the performance or functionality of the car, to visual modifications which alter the aesthetics of the car and, in the case of certain mods, sometimes be detrimental to the performance or functionality of the car.
Matt Sim
Matthew Sim (born 18 April 1988) is a current Australian football coach and former Australian professional footballer who played as a left or right sided / central midfielder. Matt also has an English passport through his family's heritage.

National Premier Leagues NSW
The National Premier Leagues NSW is a semi-professional soccer competition in New South Wales, Australia. The competition is conducted by Football NSW, one of the two organising bodies in New South Wales (the other being the National Premier Leagues Northern NSW organised by Northern NSW Football). The league is a subdivision of the second tier National Premier Leagues (NPL), which sits below the national A-League. Prior to becoming a subdivision of the NPL in 2013, the league was previously known as the NSW Premier League.
Op. 46
In music, Op. 46 stands for Opus number 46. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Arnold – Concerto for Harmonica and Orchestra

Beethoven – Adelaide

Bruch – Scottish Fantasy

Chopin – Allegro de concert

Diaghilev – The Prodigal Son

Dvořák – Slavonic Dances

Elgar – Concert Allegro

Fauré – Clair de lune

Granados – Allegro de concierto

Hennessy – String Quartet No. 1

Hindemith – Kammermusik

Holmboe – String Quartet No. 1

Kabalevsky – Piano Sonata No. 3

Milhaud – String Quartet No. 4

Onslow – 3 String Quartets

Oswald – String Quartet No. 4

Rubinstein – Violin Concerto

Schoenberg – A Survivor from Warsaw

Schumann – Andante and variations for two pianos

Sibelius – Pelléas et Mélisande, theatre score and suite (1905, arranged 1905)

Szymanowski – King Roger

Ullman – String Quartet No. 3

Kammermusik (Hindemith)
Kammermusik (Chamber Music) is a group of eight chamber music compositions by Paul Hindemith. He wrote them, each in several movements, during the 1920s. They are grouped in three opus numbers: Op. 24, Op. 36 and Op. 46. Six of these works, Kammermusik Nos. 2–7, are not what is normally considered chamber music – music for a few players with equally important parts such as a wind quintet – but rather concertos for a soloist and chamber orchestra. They are concertos for piano, cello, violin, viola, viola d'amore and organ. The works, for different ensembles, were premiered at different locations and times. The composer was the soloist in the premiere of the viola concertos, while his brother Rudolf Hindemith was the soloist in the premiere of the cello concerto. Kammermusik is reminiscent of Bach's Brandenburg Concertos, also concertos for different solo and orchestra instruments, and in a neo-Bachian spirit of structure, polyphony and stability of motion.
Hassan Al Habib
Hassan Al Habib, also known by the aliases Wata and HA, was a spokesman for a faction of the Convention of Patriots for Justice and Peace (French: Convention des Patriotes pour la Justice et la Paix, CPJP),  a rebel militia in the Central African Republic. He was killed by the CAR government on 19 September 2012.

Al Habib had also once been the second lieutenant of Jean Paul Ngoupandé, head of the CAR's National Unity Party (French: Parti de l’Unité Nationale PUN).

Jean-Paul Ngoupandé
Jean-Paul Ngoupandé (6 December 1948 – 4 May 2014) was a Central African politician who was Prime Minister of the Central African Republic from 1996 to 1997. He stood as a presidential candidate in 1999 and 2005, and he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2005 to 2006. He was President of the National Unity Party (Parti de l'unité nationale, PUN), an entity which he founded in the mid-1990s. He presented himself as an enemy of corruption and a defender of fair elections and democratic institutions.
Ganeshpur, Bhandara
Ganeshpur pronunciationⓘ, is a Village headed by Grampanchayat in Bhandara district  in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is situated near of Wainganga River. The town is attached to the Bhandara City. The National Highway NH53 indicates the border of Ganeshpur. It is a Marathi-speaking Village. The name Ganeshpur is indicate god Ganapati name. The caste mostly found in Village is don baili teli and koshti  also and other.

National Highway 53 (India)
National Highway 53, (combination of old - NH6 Surat-Kolkata, NH200 Bilaspur-Chandikhole & NH5A Chandikhole-Paradeep) is a national highway in India.

It connects Hajira in Gujarat and Paradeep port in Odisha. NH-53 traverses the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Odisha in India.

The road is the part of AH46 network in India and it is officially listed as running over 1975 km (1227 mi) from Kolkata to Surat. it is also known as Surat - Kolkata Highway. It passes through Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Odisha states.

The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) has gained a Guinness World Record of constructing 75 kilometres of highway stretch between Amravati and Akola in the shortest time—105 hours and 33 minutes. The newly constructed road is part of National Highway 53.
Kayano
Kayano (written: 茅野 or 萱野, lit. "miscanthus weed field") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ai Kayano (茅野 愛衣, born 1987), Japanese voice actress

Kayano Gonbei (萱野 権兵衛, 1830 – 1869), Japanese Samurai

Shigeru Kayano (萱野 茂, 1926 – 2006), last native speaker of the Ainu language

Kayano Gonbei
Kayano Gonbei (萱野 権兵衛, 1830 – June 27, 1869) was a Japanese samurai of the late Edo period, who served the Matsudaira clan of Aizu. He was a karō in the Aizu domain's administration. Kayano served in a senior military role during the Boshin War, he was later imprisoned by the Meiji government and made to commit suicide in Tokyo.
Pileru mandal
Pileru mandal is one of the 25 mandals in Annamayya district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is administered under the Pileru revenue division, with its headquarters located at Pileru. The mandal is bounded by Pulicherla and Rompicherla mandals of Chittoor district, Yerravaripalem mandal of Tirupati district, and Kalikiri, and K. V. Palle, Sodam mandals of Annamayya district. Pileru mandal was formerly part of Chittoor district and became part of the newly formed Annamayya district on 4 April 2022, following the district reorganisation undertaken by the Government of Andhra Pradesh. The mandal continues to be administered under the Pileru revenue division, which was formed on 31 December 2025 as part of the district consolidation and administrative reorganisation carried out by the Government of Andhra Pradesh.

Pileru revenue division
Pileru revenue division is an administrative division in the Annamayya district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is one of the three revenue divisions in the district and comprises eight mandals. The division was formed on 31 December 2025 as part of the district consolidation and administrative reorganisation undertaken by the Government of Andhra Pradesh during the 2025 restructuring of districts.
Boeing Rotorcraft Systems
Boeing Rotorcraft Systems (formerly Boeing Helicopters and Boeing Vertol) is the former name of an American aircraft manufacturer, now the Vertical Lift division of Boeing Defense, Space & Security.

The headquarters and main rotorcraft factory are in Ridley Park, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia. Production of Apache attack helicopters in Mesa, Arizona, formerly part of Rotorcraft Systems, is now under the Global Strike Division of Boeing Military Aircraft.

Ridley Park, Pennsylvania
Ridley Park is a borough in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, Ridley Park had a population of 7,186. Ridley Park is the home of Boeing's CH-47 Chinook helicopter division.
Louis Osman
Louis Osman (30 January 1914 – 11 April 1996) was an English artist, architect, goldsmith, silversmith and medallist. He is notable for the gold coronet he designed and made for the investiture in 1969 of Charles, Prince of Wales. His work as a goldsmith, which puts him amongst the top artists in his field with his valuable and important works held in church, civic and private collections worldwide.

Silversmith
A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created).