hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Patrick Fell
Patrick Fell (Irish: Pádraig Ó Fithchill; 1940 – 18 September 2011) was a Catholic priest who was convicted in the 1970s of being a commander of a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) active service unit and for his part in a conspiracy to cause explosions in Coventry.

Active service unit
An active service unit (ASU; Irish: aonad seirbhíse cogúla) was a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) cell of four to ten members, tasked with carrying out armed attacks. In 2002, the IRA had about 1,000 active members of which about 300 were in active service units. The concept was first pioneered by Tom McEllistrim and other members of the Irish Republican Army.
Lightwood, Stoke-on-Trent
Lightwood is a suburb of Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England.  It is located to the south of Longton, and Lightwood Road runs from here to Rough Close.

The area gives its name to the Lightwood Hoard, a substantial collection of Roman coins discovered buried in the garden of a house on Lightwood Road in 1960.

Though containing mostly private housing, the area includes a Methodist chapel constructed in 1816 which is a Grade II listed building.

Stoke-on-Trent
Stoke-on-Trent (often abbreviated to Stoke) is a city and unitary authority area in Staffordshire, England. It had an estimated population of 259,965 in 2022, making it the largest settlement in Staffordshire and one of the largest cities of the Midlands. Stoke is surrounded by the towns of Newcastle-under-Lyme, Alsager, Kidsgrove and Biddulph, which form a conurbation around the city.

The city is polycentric, formed from the federation of six towns in 1910. It took its name from the town of Stoke-upon-Trent, where the main centre of government and the principal railway station in the district were located. Hanley is the primary commercial centre. The other four towns which form the city are Burslem, Tunstall, Longton and Fenton.

As the home of the pottery industry in England, the area is known as The Potteries. It is a centre for service industries and distribution centres. It formerly had a primarily heavy industry sector.
Moeldoko
Moeldoko (pronounced [muldoko]; born 8 July 1957) is an Indonesian government official, businessman, and retired general who served as the Chief of Staff of Presidency for President Joko Widodo from 2018 to 2024, previously serving as Commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He graduated from the Indonesian Military Academy (AKABRI) in 1981 and received the Adhi Makayasa medal as valedictorian of his class. On 27 August 2013, he was appointed Commander of the National Armed Forces by President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and approved by the People's Representative Council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, DPR)  after serving as the Chief of Staff of the Army for only three months. He succeeded Admiral (Ret.) Agus Suhartono who retired in May 2013.

Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army
The Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army (Indonesian: Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Darat, abbreviated KSAD or KASAD) is the highest position in the Indonesian Army. The position is held by the four-star General appointed by and reporting directly to the Commander of the Armed Forces. Chief of Staff is assisted by the Vice Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army, which the position is held by a three-star General.

The current officeholder is General Maruli Simanjuntak, who took office on 29 November 2023.
International Plaza and Bay Street
International Plaza and Bay Street is a large, upscale shopping mall and dining destination located adjacent to the Tampa International Airport. Dillard's, Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom, and Dick's House of Sport all anchor this traditionally enclosed shopping mall.

Bay Street, a more modern open-air shopping center, is anchored by Restoration Hardware, and primarily features restaurants including The Capital Grille, The Cheesecake Factory, and Bar Louie among others. A Renaissance Hotel, with 293 rooms and 12,500 square feet (1,160 m2) of meeting space, connects directly to Bay Street.

The Capital Grille
The Capital Grille is an American restaurant chain of upscale steakhouses owned by Darden Restaurants. The brand has locations in twenty-five states, the District of Columbia, and Mexico City. There are 74 locations, including one location in Costa Rica.
Granular myringitis
Granular myringitis is a long term condition in which there is inflammation of the tympanic membrane in the ear and formation of granulation tissue within the tympanic membrane. It is a type of otitis externa.

Without treatment it can lead to narrowing of the ear canal. A number of treatment options exist including putting vinegar in the ear, using antibiotic drops, and surgery.

Eardrum
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressure of sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear, and thence to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea. The ear thereby converts and amplifies vibration in the air to vibration in cochlear fluid. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles.

Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. Collapse or retraction of the eardrum can cause conductive hearing loss or cholesteatoma.
Øgaard
Øgaard is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Leif Øgaard (born 1952), Norwegian chess player

Philip Øgaard (born 1948), Norwegian cinematographer

Suzanne Øgaard (1918–2003), French-born Norwegian painter

Leif Øgaard
Leif Øgaard (born 5 January 1952) is a Norwegian chess player. He is the ninth Norwegian to achieve the title of Grandmaster. Øgaard won the Norwegian Chess Championship five times, in 1974, 1975, 1979, 1985 and 1993. He gained his IM title in 1974. In 1981 and 1982, Øgaard won two tournaments at Gausdal, each netting him a GM-norm. His third and final GM-norm was won in the Norwegian team chess championship in 2006–2007, making him the first person to score 2 GM norms with a 25-year gap in-between as well as one of the oldest players to be awarded the Grandmaster title, since his last norm came when he was already in the mid 50's. The GM title was finally approved at FIDE's presidential board meeting in Tallinn on 22–24 June 2007. Øgaard is a member of the Oslo chess club Oslo Schackselskap.
Alfred Putnam
Alfred Putnam (September 8, 1836 – October 12, 1904) was a ship builder and political figure in Nova Scotia, Canada. He represented Hants in the House of Commons of Canada from 1887 to 1896 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Noel, Hants County, Nova Scotia, of Scottish descent. He married Maggie Fleming in 1866. Putnam was president of the Hants County Marine Insurance Company. He ran unsuccessfully for reelection to the House of Commons in 1896 and 1900.

Hants County, Nova Scotia
Hants County is a historical county and census division of Nova Scotia, Canada. Local government is provided by the West Hants Regional Municipality, and the Municipality of the District of East Hants.
Backus and Johnston Brewery
Backus and Johnston (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbakus ˈi ˈjonson], Backus y Johnston) is the largest brewery in Peru, part of Bavaria Brewery, which itself is part of the international AB InBev group. Its main brewery is located in the Ate District of Lima. Backus, as owner of almost all brands of beer available in Peru, enjoys a de facto monopoly over Peruvian beer consumption. Besides beer, Backus produces soft drinks and bottled water.

AB InBev
Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, known as AB InBev, is an American-Belgian multinational drink and brewing company based in Leuven, Belgium. It is the largest brewer in the world,  and in 2023, was ranked 72nd in the Forbes Global 2000.

AB InBev was formed in 2008, with Belgian-Brazilian brewing company InBev's acquisition of the American company Anheuser-Busch. Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV is a publicly listed company, with its primary listing on the Euronext Brussels. It has secondary listings on Mexico City Stock Exchange, Johannesburg Stock Exchange, and New York Stock Exchange. AB InBev has offices in New York City, alongside regional headquarters in São Paulo, London, St. Louis, Mexico City, Bremen, Johannesburg, and others. It has approximately 630 beer brands in 150 countries.
International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization
The ACM International Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization (UMAP) is the oldest international conference for researchers and practitioners working on various kinds of user-adaptive computer systems such as Adaptive hypermedia systems, Recommender systems, Adaptive websites, Adaptive learning, Personalized learning and Intelligent tutoring systems and Personalized search systems. All of these systems adapt to their individual users, or to groups of users (i.e., Personalization). 
To achieve this goal, they collect and represent information about users or groups (i.e., User modeling).

The UMAP conferences have historically been organized under the auspices of User Modeling Inc., a professional organization of User Modeling researchers. Until 2015, the conference proceedings were published by Springer. In 2016, the UMAP conference series became affiliated with the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), where it is supported by ACM SIGWEB and ACM SIGCHI.

Personalization
Personalization (broadly known as customization) consists of tailoring a service or product to accommodate specific individuals. It is sometimes tied to groups or segments of individuals. Personalization involves collecting data on individuals, including web browsing history, web cookies, and location. Various organizations use personalization (along with the opposite mechanism of popularization) to improve customer satisfaction, digital sales conversion, marketing results, branding, and improved website metrics as well as for advertising. Personalization acts as a key element in social media and recommender systems. Personalization influences every sector of society — be it work, leisure, or citizenship.
Rerum italicarum scriptores
Rerum italicarum scriptores ab anno æræ christianæ quingentesimo ad millesimumquingentesimum is a collection of texts which are sources for Italian history from the 6th to the 15th century, compiled in the 18th century by Ludovico Antonio Muratori.

Muratori's work became a landmark in European historiographical methodology. He set out to construct a history based on the careful accumulation and sifting of evidence. It was published between 1723 and 1751 in twenty-eight folio volumes by the Milanese Palatine Society with financial support from a number of aristocrats including Filippo Argelati and Carlo Archinto.

Girolamo Ferroni
Girolamo ( Latin: Hieronymus) Ferroni (Milan, 1687 – c. 1730), born in the Duchy of Milan during Spanish rule, was a painter and engraver mainly active in the cities of Milan and Rome. Having learnt the art of painting in Milan, he moved to Rome where he trained in the workshop of the Marche painter Carlo Maratta. Returning to Milan, he painted the Dormition of St Joseph in Sant'Eustorgio and other works of more than mediocre workmanship.

When his work as a painter was finished, he devoted himself to the art of etching, producing works for Maratta including: Joshua commanding the sun to stand still; Deborah singing in triumph having defeated Sisera; Jael killing Sisara; Judith cutting off the head of Holofernes; and the chastity of St Joseph.

Together with Johann Georg Seiller he contributed to the copperplate illustrations in Serviliano Latuada's Descrizione di Milano.
Prrenjas
Prrenjas (also written Përrenjas, Albanian definite form: Përrenjasi) is a town and a municipality in Elbasan County, eastern Albania. The municipality was formed at the 2015 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Prrenjas, Qukës, Rrajcë and Stravaj, that became municipal units. The seat of the municipality is the town Prrenjas. The total population is 24,906 (2011 census), in a total area of 323.17 km2. The population of the former municipality at the 2011 census was 5,847.

Definiteness
In linguistics, definiteness is a semantic feature of noun phrases that distinguishes between referents or senses that are identifiable in a given context (definite noun phrases) and those that are not (indefinite noun phrases). The prototypical definite noun phrase picks out a unique, familiar, specific referent such as the sun or Australia, as opposed to indefinite examples like an idea or some fish.

There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages, and some languages such as Japanese do not generally mark it, so the same expression can be definite in some contexts and indefinite in others. In other languages, such as English, it is usually marked by the selection of determiner (e.g., the vs. a). Still other languages, such as Danish, mark definiteness morphologically by changing the noun itself (e.g. Danish en mand (a man), manden (the man)).
Gostomia, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Gostomia [ɡɔsˈtɔmja] (German: Arnsfelde) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wałcz, within Wałcz County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south of Wałcz and 125 km (78 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Wałcz County
Wałcz County (Polish: powiat wałecki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Wałcz, which lies 127 kilometres (79 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains three other towns: Mirosławiec, 27 km (17 mi) west of Wałcz, Człopa, 31 km (19 mi) south-west of Wałcz, and Tuczno, 25 km (16 mi) south-west of Wałcz.

The county covers an area of 1,414.79 square kilometres (546.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 54,639, out of which the population of Wałcz is 26,140, that of Mirosławiec is 2,633, that of Człopa is 2,390, that of Tuczno is 1,965, and the rural population is 21,511.
James Evans (Minnesota politician)
Stephen James Evans (January 1, 1927 – January 6, 2012) was an American politician and business owner.

Evans was born in Little Falls, Minnesota. He lived in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota with his wife and family and graduated from the Detroit Lakes High School. He served in the United States Air Force during World War II and was involved in the retail grocery business. Evans went to the University of North Dakota. Evans served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1977 to 1984 and was a Republican.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Human trafficking in Nepal
Human trafficking in Nepal is a growing criminal industry affecting multiple other countries beyond Nepal, primarily across Asia and the Middle East. Nepal is mainly a source country for men, women and children subjected to the forced labor and sex trafficking. U.S. State Department's Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons placed the country in "Tier 2" in 2017.

Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons
The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (J/TIP) is an agency within the United States Department of State charged with investigating and creating programs to prevent human trafficking both within the United States and internationally. The office also presents the Trafficking in Persons Report annually to Congress, concerning human trafficking in the U.S. and other nations.  This report aims to raise awareness about human exploitation and trafficking, and to prevent it. The office's goals are to make the public aware, protect victims, take legal action against violators, establish necessary and just sentences for criminals, and train law enforcement individuals. The office is led by the United States Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons.
John Wilkinson (Florida politician)
John Wilkinson (September 2, 1848 – July 6, 1891) was a coachman, policeman, and politician in Florida. He represented Nassau County, Florida in the Florida House of Representatives in 1883 and 1885.

J. V. Drake wrote in 1883 that Wilkinson had been a slave owned by Mrs. Henrietta Harris who became the wife of Florida governor James E. Broome in 1853 and was later enslaved by judge J. C. McGee at Fort Clinch near Fernandina, Florida.

His post office was recorded aa being in Fernandina.

Fort Clinch
Fort Clinch is a 19th-century masonry coastal fortification, built as part of the Third System of seacoast defense conceived by the United States. It is located on a peninsula near the northernmost point of Amelia Island in Nassau County, Florida. The fort lies to the northeast of Fernandina Beach at the entrance to the Cumberland Sound, in the northeast part of the state. Today it is included within the boundaries of Fort Clinch State Park.
John Purcell (MP)
John Purcell (died 1665) was a Welsh politician who sat in the House of Commons  from 1660 to 1665.

Purcell was of Nantcribba near Montgomery,  and was possibly the son of Edward Purcell and his wife Mary Pryse daughter of  Sir Richard Pryse of Gogerddan.

In 1660, Purcell was elected Member of Parliament for Montgomeryshire in the Convention Parliament. In 1661 he was elected MP for Montgomery  and was seated after a double return. He sat in the Cavalier Parliament until his death in 1665

Montgomery (UK Parliament constituency)
Montgomery was a constituency in the House of Commons of England, House of Commons of Great Britain and later in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one MP, but was abolished in 1918.

After 1832 the constituency was more usually called the Montgomery Boroughs or Montgomery District of Boroughs.
Vector-R
Vector-R (Vector Rapid) is a two-stage orbital expendable launch vehicle under development by the American aerospace company Vector Launch to cover the commercial small satellite launch segment (CubeSats). Vector Launch went bankrupt in December 2019 and re-emerged in October 2020. Two prototypes were launched in 2017.

The rocket completed a maiden test flight at low altitude in May 2017. Vector Launch was planning the maiden orbital launch from the Pacific Spaceport Complex in Alaska in 2019, but paused operation in August 2019 due to an uncertain financing situation.

An upgraded version of the Vector-R, called the Vector-H (Heavy), is in development as well.

Propylene
Propylene, also known as propene, is an unsaturated organic compound with the chemical formula CH3CH=CH2. It has one double bond, and is the second simplest member of the alkene class of hydrocarbons. It is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor.

Propylene is a product of combustion from forest fires, cigarette smoke, and motor vehicle and aircraft exhaust. It was discovered in 1850 by A. W. von Hoffmann's student John Williams Reynolds as the only gaseous product of thermal decomposition of amyl alcohol to react with chlorine and bromine.
Christian Ugwuzor
Christian Ugwuzor // ⓘ is an Anglican bishop in Nigeria: he is the current Bishop of Aba, one of nine within the Anglican Province of Aba, itself one of 14 ecclesiastical provinces within the Church of Nigeria.

Ugwuzor was born on 4 April 1963 in Umudim. He was educated at Ngwa High School, Aba and the University of Calabar. He was ordained deacon in  1992 and priest in 1993. He served in Asa-Umunka, Ukpakiri and Umuokpoji. He became a Canon in 2002 and Archdeacon in 2005. 
Ugwuzor has also been a prison chaplain,  secretary of Aba Synod and a lecturer in Church History at  Trinity Theological College, Umuahia. He was elected bishop in 2011.

University of Calabar
The University of Calabar is a federal university situated in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. It is one of Nigeria's second-generation federal universities. The University of Calabar was a campus of the University of Nigeria until 1975. The present Vice Chancellor is Prof. Offiong Offiong. The post of the DVC (Academics) is held by Professor Anthony Eyang, while Dr. Grace Eno Nta (Professor) is the current DVC (Administration).

The architecture was designed by John Elliott. It was established by decree to fulfill this traditional mandate, its motto "Knowledge for Service".

The University of Calabar was one of the foremost Nigerian Universities to automate students' registration processes through the College Portal, and has taken a step further to automate her alumni relations which includes an online transcript request and processing, being first of its kind in the country.
Ejstrupholm
Ejstrupholm is a town, with a population of 1,710 (1 January 2025), in Ikast-Brande Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is located 31 km southwest of Silkeborg, 13 km northeast of Brande and 21 km south of Ikast.

Ejstrup Church, built approximately in the year 1100, is located in the town.

Ikast-Brande Municipality
Ikast-Brande Municipality (Danish: Ikast-Brande Kommune) is a municipality (Danish: kommune) in Region Midtjylland in Denmark. It covers an area of 733.69 km2 and has a population of 43,009 (1 January 2025).

On 1 January 2007 Ikast-Brande municipality was created as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007), consisting of the former municipalities of Brande, Ikast, and Nørre-Snede.
Aurora's 2024 Norwegian tour
The 2024 Norwegian Tour was a brief ten-show promotional tour by Norwegian singer-songwriter Aurora, in support of her fourth and fifth studio albums, The Gods We Can Touch (2022) and What Happened to the Heart? (2024), the latter not having yet been released at the time. It began on March 3 in Hamar and ended on March 23 in Oslo. It was followed by her 80-show What Happened to the Earth? also in 2024.

The tour was announced in 8 November 2023, the same day as the release of the lead single Your Blood, with dates being released in the same day.

Your Blood
"Your Blood" is a song recorded by Norwegian singer-songwriter Aurora for her fifth studio album, What Happened to the Heart? (2024). She wrote and produced it along with Chris Greatti. It was released through Decca Records and Universal Music Group on 8 November 2023 as the lead single from the album. The song marked Aurora's first release of new solo musical material in nearly two years since her previous 2022 album The Gods We Can Touch. An indie pop track with synthesizer-infused instrumentals, "Your Blood" was compared by music critics to the works of the Swedish rock band the Cardigans.