hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ASIC4
Acid-sensing ion channel 4 (ASIC4) also known as amiloride-sensitive cation channel 4 (ACCN4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASIC4 gene. The ASIC4 gene is one of the five paralogous genes that encode proteins that form trimeric acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in mammals. The cDNA of this gene was first cloned in 2000. The ASIC genes have splicing variants that encode different proteins that are called isoforms.

These genes are mainly expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system.

ASICs can form both homotrimeric (meaning composed of three identical subunits) and heterotrimeric channels.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
William Emerson Ritter
William Emerson Ritter (November 21, 1856 – January 10, 1944) was an American biologist.

Ritter initiated and shaped the Marine Biological Association of San Diego (now Scripps Institution of Oceanography of UC San Diego) and the American Society for the Dissemination of Science (now the Society for Science and the Public and Science News).  Innovative and entrepreneurial, with a deep desire for human service, he worked tirelessly to educate people in scientific thinking. He was the first biologist to propose a theory of systems, and seems to be the originator of the term organicism for biological purposes.

Science News
Science News (SN) is an American monthly magazine devoted to articles about new scientific and technical developments, typically gleaned from recent scientific and technical journals.  The periodical has been described as having a scope across "all sciences" and as having "up to date" coverage.
Rafea Muhammad Rafea
Rafea Muhammad Rafea (born 1903, Tahta, Upper Egypt; died 1970, Egypt), also known as Master Rafea, was an Egyptian spiritual teacher and social activist. He is known for starting the Spiritual Islamic Society in Egypt in the 1950s. His teachings were about Sufism, Islamic spiritualty, and the spiritual teachings of Hannen Swaffer's spiritual circle in London.

Hannen Swaffer
Frederick Charles Hannen Swaffer (1 November 1879 – 16 January 1962) was an English journalist and drama critic. Although his views were left-wing, he worked mostly for right-wing publications, many of them owned by Lord Northcliffe. He was a proponent of spiritualism, and an opponent of capital punishment.
AGPAT3
1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase gamma is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AGPAT3 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is an acyltransferase (specifically, 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase) that converts lysophosphatidic acid (1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate) into phosphatidic acid, which is the second step in the de novo phospholipid biosynthetic pathway. The encoded protein may be an integral membrane protein. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.

Integral membrane protein
An integral, or intrinsic, membrane protein (IMP)  is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. All transmembrane proteins can be classified as IMPs, but not all IMPs are transmembrane proteins. IMPs comprise a significant fraction of the proteins encoded in an organism's genome. Proteins that cross the membrane are surrounded by annular lipids, which are defined as lipids that are in direct contact with a membrane protein. Such proteins can only be separated from the membranes by using detergents, nonpolar solvents, or sometimes denaturing agents.

Proteins that adhere only temporarily to cellular membranes are known as peripheral membrane proteins. These proteins can either associate with integral membrane proteins, or independently insert in the lipid bilayer in several ways.
John Gardner (Continental Congress)
John Gardner (1747–1808) was an American farmer from South Kingstown and Narragansett, Rhode Island. He was a delegate to the Continental Congress for Rhode Island in 1789. Many sources spell his last name as Gardiner.

Gardner’s parents were Colonel John Gardner (1696–1770) and his second wife, Mary (Taylor) Gardner. He was born in South Kingstown in 1747. During the early days of the Revolutionary War he served with a militia company known as the Kingstown Reds, and was commissioned as a Captain in November 1775.

Gardner served several times as a judge, or justice of the peace. His first such appointment came in 1776, and his last in 1791. In 1786 and 1787 he served in the Rhode Island General Assembly as a member of the Paper Money Party. The Assembly sent him as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1789.

John died in South Kingstown on October 18, 1808.

Rhode Island General Assembly
The State of Rhode Island General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. A bicameral body, it is composed of the lower Rhode Island House of Representatives with 75 representatives, and the upper Rhode Island Senate with 38 senators.  Members are elected in the general election immediately preceding the beginning of the term or in special elections called to fill vacancies. There are no term limits for either chamber. The last General Assembly election took place on 2024, electing members to the Senate and House.

The General Assembly meets at the Rhode Island State House on the border of Downtown and Smith Hill in Providence. Smith Hill is sometimes used as a metonym for the Rhode Island General Assembly.
Tra le mani un cuore
"Tra le mani un cuore" ("A heart in my hands") is a 2025 song by Italian singer Massimo Ranieri, released by Warner, Sugar Music and Nar International on 12 February 2025. It competed in the Sanremo Music Festival 2025, placing 23rd.

The song was written by Tiziano Ferro with Filippo Neviani, Giulia Anania, and Marta Venturini.

Sanremo Music Festival 2025
The Sanremo Music Festival 2025 (Italian: Festival di Sanremo 2025), officially the 75th Italian Song Festival (75º Festival della canzone italiana), was the 75th edition of the annual Sanremo Music Festival, a television song contest held at the Teatro Ariston in Sanremo, organised and broadcast by Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI). It was held between 11 and 15 February 2025 and presented by Carlo Conti, who also served as the artistic director for the competition. The festival was won by Olly with "Balorda nostalgia", earning him the right of first refusal to represent Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025; however, he ultimately declined the opportunity in favour of runner-up Lucio Corsi with "Volevo essere un duro".
Grunge speak
Grunge speak was a hoax series of slang words purportedly connected to the subculture of grunge in Seattle, reported as fact in The New York Times in 1992. The collection of alleged slang words were coined by a record label worker in response to a journalist asking if grunge musicians and enthusiasts had their own slang terms, seeking to write a piece on the subject. They were essentially made up on the spot; there was no such vernacular among members of the grunge scene, and the terms that were published were merely a prank on the news industry's tendencies to seize upon trends.

Subculture
In the sociology of culture, a subculture is a group of people within a cultural society that differentiates itself from the values of the mainstream or dominant culture (or superculture) to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, political, and sexual matters. Subcultures coexist within mainstream society while keeping their specific characteristics intact.

Since its inception in the English-speaking world (primarily North America and the United Kingdom) during the 1940s–1950s, the concept and study of subcultures was developed in the academic fields of sociology, communication studies, and cultural studies. Examples of subcultures include punks, skinheads, Teddy Boys, mods, rockers, bikers, hip-hoppers, and more. Subcultures differ from countercultures.
Landscape with Two Nymphs
Landscape with Two Nymphs (Paysage aux deux nymphes) is a c.1659 oil-on-canvas painting by the French artist Nicolas Poussin. The painting is in the collection of Musée Condé of the Château de Chantilly in Chantilly, France.

A late work, it seems to have been painted for Charles Le Brun, another painter. It was sold from the Radziwiłł collection in 1866 to Frédéric Reiset, a curator at the Louvre. Reiset sold it with the rest of his collection to Henri d'Orleans, Duke of Aumale in 1879 and so the work is now in the Musée Condé.

Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale
Henri Eugène Philippe Louis d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale (16 January 1822 – 7 May 1897) was a leader of the Orleanists, a political faction in 19th-century France associated with constitutional monarchy. He was born in Paris, the fifth son of King Louis-Philippe I of the French and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily and used the title Duke of Aumale.

Aumale became an infantry officer and saw active service in the French conquest of Algeria and in 1847 was appointed as its Governor-General. After the French Revolution of 1848, he went to live in England, where he pursued historical interests. The Franco-Prussian War enabled him to return to France, where he was elected to parliament and the Académie française. In 1872, he returned to the army as a Divisional General, and from 1879 to 1883 was inspector-general of the army.

An important art collector, Aumale left his Château de Chantilly to the Institute of France, to display his collection.
Vientiane Bus Station
There are 3 (main) bus stations in Vientiane, the capital of Laos:
Vientiane bus tracking website https://lao.busnavi.asia/

Central Bus Station: Located in the city (opposite Morning Market), serving buses that run within the capital city, provinces around it and between Vientiane and Nong Khai, Udon Thani and Khon Kaen in Thailand.

Northern Bus Station:  Located at T2 road, serving buses that run between Vientiane and the Northern part of the country.

Southern Bus Station: Located in Dong Dok area on the road 13th south, around 10–15 minutes drive from the city center. This station serves buses that run between Vientiane and the Southern provinces, including Thakhek and Savannakhet.  This station also serves buses that run between Vientiane and Vietnam and Cambodia.

Khon Kaen
Khon Kaen (Thai: ขอนแก่น, pronounced [kʰɔ̌(ː)n kɛ̀n]) is the capital of Khon Kaen province and the fourth-largest city in Thailand. It is one of the four major cities of Isan, Northeast Thailand, also known as the "big four of Isan", the others being Udon Thani, Nakhon Ratchasima, and Ubon Ratchathani.

The city municipality of Khon Kaen (thesaban nakhon) acts as the governmental seat of the province, as well as the Mueang Khon Kaen district and lies 450 kilometres (280 mi) northeast of Bangkok.
Monochamus guerryi
Monochamus guerryi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1903. It is known from Myanmar, China, and Thailand. It feeds on Pinus kesiya, Castanea mollissima, Malus pumila, and Quercus glauca.

Maurice Pic
Maurice Pic (23 March 1866, in Marrigny near Digoin – 29 December 1957, in Les Guerreaux) was a French entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He contributed to Mary-Louis Fauconnet's Catalogue raisonné des coléoptères de Saône-et-Loire (Le Creusot, Martet, 1887) and wrote many short papers, many in L'Échange, Revue Linnéenne describing world beetles. His most important work was for Sigmund Schenkling's still very relevant Coleopterorum Catalogus.

Pic's collection is in the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris.
Monastyryshche urban hromada
Monastyryshche urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Монастирищенська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Monastyryshchenska miska terytorialna hromada) is one of Ukraine's hromadas, located in Uman Raion within Cherkasy Oblast. Its capital is the city of Monastyryshche.

Cherkasy Oblast
Cherkasy Oblast (Ukrainian: Черкаська область, romanized: Cherkaska oblast, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑsʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Cherkashchyna (Ukrainian: Черкащина, IPA: [tʃerˈkɑʃtʃɪnɐ]) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Cherkasy. The current population of the oblast is 1,160,744 (2022 estimate).
Folio Weekly
Folio Weekly is an alternative weekly publication in Jacksonville, Florida. It covers topics such as politics, lifestyle, and entertainment.

It is the largest and most influential alternative magazine in Northeast Florida and is distributed in Duval, St. Johns and Clay.

First Coast
Florida's First Coast, or simply the First Coast, is the Atlantic coast of North Florida in the United States. It is the same general area as the directional region of Northeast Florida. It consists roughly of the counties abutting Jacksonville: Duval, Baker, Clay, Nassau, and St. Johns—and nearby Flagler County and Putnam County. The "First Coast" name originated in a marketing campaign in the 1980s, and has become part of Florida's regional vernacular. It is so named due to its history as the first European settlement in what is now the mainland United States, at Fort Caroline, Florida, in 1564.
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing review articles in the fields of biophysics and molecular biology. It was established in 1950 as Progress in Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, obtaining its current title in 1963.

It is published by Elsevier and the editors-in-chief are Denis Noble (University of Oxford), Tom Blundell (University of Cambridge), and Delphine Dean (Clemson University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.667, and a CiteScore of 5.8.

CiteScore
CiteScore (CS) of an academic journal is a measure reflecting the yearly average number of citations to recent articles published in that journal. It is produced by Elsevier, based on the citations recorded in the Scopus database. Absolute rankings and percentile ranks are also reported for each journal in a given subject area.

This journal evaluation metric was launched in December 2016 as an alternative to the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) impact factor (IF), calculated by Clarivate. CiteScore is based on the citations collected for articles published in the preceding four years, instead of two or five in the JCR IF. This enhanced methodology was introduced with the release of CiteScore 2019 in June 2020. At launch, CiteScore's neutrality was questioned by bibliometrics experts like Carl Bergstrom, who found it appeared to favour Elsevier's titles over Nature's.
Constitutional court
A constitutional court is a high court that deals primarily with constitutional law. Its main authority is to rule on whether laws that are challenged are in fact unconstitutional, i.e. whether they conflict with constitutionally established rules, rights, and freedoms, among other things.

Judicial review
Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.: 79  In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority. For example, an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful, or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers—the power of the judiciary to supervise (judicial supervision) the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority.

The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries. The judiciary in United States has been described as having unusually strong powers of judicial review from a comparative perspective.
Fernhill Park (Oregon)
Fernhill Park is a public park in Portland, Oregon. Located in the Concordia neighborhood, it is one of the largest parks in Northeast Portland, with 26.71 acres (10.81 ha) and a variety of recreational facilities. The park has a large off-leash dog play area composed of rolling hills and large trees, a forest garden, playgrounds, a splash pad during summer, and sports facilities such as a 400 meter track and fields for softball, baseball, soccer, and volleyball. The park has also hosted outdoor movies and has been the starting point for the Portland World Naked Bike Ride.

World Naked Bike Ride
The World Naked Bike Ride (WNBR) is an international clothing-optional bike ride in which participants plan, meet and ride together en masse on human-powered transport (the vast majority on bicycles, but some on skateboards and inline skates), to "deliver a vision of a cleaner, safer, body-positive world." The largest iteration of the WNBR in the world takes place in Portland, Oregon averaging approximately 10,000 participants and thousands of spectators.
Wilbur Howard Duncan
Wilbur Howard Duncan (October 15, 1910 – March 25, 2005) was a botany professor at the University of Georgia for 40 years where he oversaw an expansion in the school's herbarium collection and described three new plant species. Duncan also authored several books on plant species of the Eastern and Southeastern United States.

Quercus oglethorpensis
Quercus oglethorpensis (also called Oglethorpe oak) is a species of plant in the beech family. It is endemic to the United States. It is named for Oglethorpe County, Georgia, where it was first discovered. The county, in turn, is named for James Oglethorpe, the founder of Georgia Colony in the 18th century.
Piedmont Athens Regional
Piedmont Athens Regional Medical Center (formerly known as Athens Regional Medical Center) is a hospital in Athens, Georgia. The hospital has 427 beds, a trauma center, and a neonatal intensive care unit. The hospital was founded in 1919 and became part of the Piedmont Healthcare system in 2016. As of 2025, the hospital had a gross patient revenue of $3.8 billion.

In 2015, the president and CEO of the hospital resigned after medical personnel voted 270-0 to having “no confidence” in the hospital’s administration. The hospital has drawn controversy for alleged retaliation and union busting against maintenance employees who voted in August 2024 to unionize with the International Union of Operating Engineers. The IUOE has filed unfair labor practice charges against the hospital with the National Labor Relations Board.

According to U.S. News & World Report the hospital tied for the #7th best in Georgia and is high performing in 15 Procedures/Conditions.

International Union of Operating Engineers
The International Union of Operating Engineers (IUOE) is a trade union within the United States–based AFL–CIO representing primarily construction workers who work as heavy equipment operators, mechanics, surveyors, and stationary engineers (also called operating engineers or power engineers) who maintain heating and other systems in buildings and industrial complexes, in the United States and Canada.

Founded in 1896, it currently represents roughly 400,000 workers in approximately 123 local unions and operates nearly 100 apprenticeship programs.
Rithika Tamil Selvi
Rithika Tamil Selvi is an Indian television actress who predominately appears in Tamil television shows. She is well known for appearing on the comedy-cooking show Cooku With Comali. She is the first runner-up of the comedy reality show Comedy Raja Kalakkal Rani.

Cooku with Comali season 2
Cooku with Comali 2 is the second season of the Tamil reality cooking TV show Cooku with Comali, that was aired first on 14 November 2020. This season was hosted by Rakshan. The grand finale was aired on 14 April 2021 and winner was Kani Thiru.
Champagne Lemonade
"Champagne Lemonade" is the debut solo single by English singer-songwriter Ed Drewett. The single was released on 31 October 2010 as a digital download. The single was a commercial disappointment, peaking at only No. 84 on the UK Singles Chart for only one week.

Ed Drewett
Edward James Drewett (born 1 April 1988) is a British singer and songwriter who is best known for his contributions and collaborations with acts such as One Direction, Little Mix, Jonas Blue, The Wanted, Olly Murs, and SG Lewis.
Hanestad
Hanestad is a village in Rendalen Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located along the river Glomma, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) southwest of the village of Bergset. The Norwegian National Road 3 runs through the village. The Rørosbanen railway line also runs through the village, stopping at Hanestad Station, the only railroad station in Rendalen Municipality. In 2021, the village had 40 residents.

Glomma
The Glomma or Glåma is Norway's longest and most voluminous river. With a total length of 621 kilometres (386 miles), it has a drainage basin that covers 13% of Norway's surface area, all in the southern part of the country.
Rita Manzini
Maria Rita Manzini is Professor of Linguistics at the University of Florence. She is known for her work on syntax, syntactic variation, principles and parameters, the Romance languages, and the languages of the Balkans.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Shivaji Sondhi
Shivaji Lal Sondhi FRS is an Indian-American theoretical physicist who is currently the Wykeham Professor of Physics in the Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics at the University of Oxford, known for contributions to the field of quantum condensed matter. He is son of former Lok Sabha MP Manohar Lal Sondhi.

Manohar Lal Sondhi
Manohar Lal Sondhi (1933–2003) was an Indian politician and a member of Lok Sabha. He represented New Delhi constituency in 4th Lok Sabha from 1967 to 1971, elected as a candidate of Bharatiya Jan Sangh. He had his education from Punjab University (MA LLB), London School of Economics, Balliol College Oxford, and Charles University Prague (Czechoslovakia).

He and Balraj Madhok had had many differences over the years with Jana Sangh and BJP leadership, but Vajpayee's NDA government had appointed M L Sondhi as chairman of the Indian Council for Social Science Research.