hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
World Chess Championship 1889
The World Chess Championship 1889, considered the second official World Chess Championship match, was held in Havana, Cuba. Defending champion Wilhelm Steinitz beat Russian challenger Mikhail Chigorin by a score of 10½–6½. The match consisted of a maximum of  20 games, meaning the first player to 10½ points would be crowned the victor, marking a slight deviation from the "first to ten" format of Steinitz's prior title bout in 1886.

Queen's Gambit Declined
The Queen's Gambit Declined (or QGD) is a chess opening in which Black declines a pawn offered by White in the Queen's Gambit:

1. d4 d5

2. c4 e6

This is known as the Orthodox Line of the Queen's Gambit Declined. When the "Queen's Gambit Declined" is mentioned, it is usually assumed to be referring to the Orthodox Line; see "Other second moves for Black" below for other moves.

The most common continuation is 3.Nc3 Nf6 (covered by ECO codes D35–D69), after which White may continue with 4.Bg5, leading to the traditional line, 4.cxd5, the Exchange Variation, and 4.Nf3, the Three Knights Variation.

The Orthodox Line can be reached by a number of different move orders, such as 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 (avoiding the Nimzo-Indian Defense) d5; 1.d4 e6 2.c4 d5; 1.c4 e6 2.Nc3 d5 3.d4; 1.Nf3 d5 2.c4 e6 3.d4; and so on. Of the 34 games played in the 1927 World Championship between Alexander Alekhine and José Raúl Capablanca, all except the first and third began with the Queen's Gambit Declined.
Polžanska Vas
Polžanska Vas (pronounced [pɔu̯ˈʒaːnska ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Polžanska vas) is a small village southwest of Sladka Gora in the Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah in eastern Slovenia. The area belongs to the traditional region of Styria. Since 2007 the municipality has been included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah
The Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah (pronounced [ˈʃmaːɾjɛ pɾi ˈjeːlʃax]; Slovene: Občina Šmarje pri Jelšah) is a municipality in the traditional region of Styria in northeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Šmarje pri Jelšah. Šmarje pri Jelšah became a municipality in 1994.
Joseph Fontanet
Joseph Fontanet (9 February 1921 – 2 February 1980) was an assassinated member of the French Parliament.

He was born in Frontenex, Savoie. He was first elected to Parliament in 1956 as MP for Savoie. In his 17 years in Parliament he held various cabinet positions including Health, Labour and Employment, and Trade and Industry.

On 1 February 1980 he was shot shortly after midnight in Paris and died the following day. No one has ever been convicted for the murder.

Joseph Fontanet is a graduate of HEC Paris.

Ministry of Trade and Industry
A ministry of trade and industry, ministry of commerce, ministry of commerce and industry or variations is a ministry that is concerned with a nation's trade, industry and commerce.

Notable examples are:
Charles Nicolas Odiot
Charles-Nicolas Odiot (died 1869) was the outstanding French silversmith of his generation; the son of Napoleon's silversmith, Jean-Baptiste-Claude Odiot, he inherited the direction of the extensive family workshops in 1827, as techniques of factory production were extended in the trade. He excelled in the revived Rococo style, and became the purveyor by appointment to Louis-Philippe of France and to other members of the family of Orléans.

He was succeeded in turn by his son Gustave, who received the most ambitious command ever to be accepted by the House of Odiot: 3,000 pieces of solid gold tableware for Saïd Pasha,  Viceroy of Egypt. He later became the purveyor by appointment to the court of the Tsar. Gustave was also the last member of the Odiot family to preside over the company, which continues in business today.

Silversmith
A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created).
Pat Bayle State Forest
The Pat Bayle State Forest is a state forest located near the town of Grand Marais in Cook County, Minnesota. The forest falls within the limits of the Superior National Forest, and falls under the federal jurisdiction of the United States Forest Service.

Within the forest one can find the highest point of elevation in the state of Minnesota, Eagle Mountain. In addition to hiking, winter outdoor recreational activities are popular, including snowmobiling, snowshoeing, dog sledding, and ice-fishing.

Dog sled
A dog sled or dog sleigh is a sled pulled by one or more sled dogs used to travel over ice and through snow, a practice known as mushing. Numerous types of sleds are used, depending on their function. They can be used for dog sled racing. Traditionally in Greenland and the eastern Canadian Arctic the Inuit had the dogs pull in a fan shape in front of the sled, while in other regions, such as Alaska and the western part of Northern Canada the dogs pull side by side in pairs.
2007 US Open – Mixed doubles
Martina Navratilova and Bob Bryan were the defending champions, but Navratilova retired from the sport at the end of 2006. Bryan partnered Tatiana Golovin, and lost in the second round to Sania Mirza and Mahesh Bhupathi.

Victoria Azarenka and Max Mirnyi won the title, defeating Meghann Shaughnessy and Leander Paes in the final 6–4, 7–6(8–6). This was Azarenka's first Grand Slam title; she would later win two Grand Slam singles titles and reach No. 1 in the world.

Max Mirnyi
Maksim Mikalaevich "Max" Mirnyi (born 6 July 1977) is a Belarusian former professional tennis player.

Mirnyi became a doubles specialist following his singles career, in which he reached a career-high of World No. 18 (August 2003) and finished in the top 50 in the world for seven straight years despite only winning one ATP singles title (2003 Rotterdam Open). He represented Belarus in Davis Cup competition from April 1994, where he holds a record of 47 wins and 27 losses in 35 ties played. He reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in June 2003 and won ten Grand Slam titles: Men's doubles in the 2000 and 2002 US Open and the 2005, 2006, 2011 and 2012 French Open; and mixed doubles in the 1998, 2007, and 2013 U.S. Opens and 1998 Wimbledon.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Mirnyi carried the flag of Belarus at the Opening Ceremony on 27 July 2012, and won the gold medal in the mixed doubles with Victoria Azarenka on 5 August 2012.

His nickname is "The Beast of Belarus".
Hapten
Haptens (derived from the Greek haptein, meaning “to fasten”) are small molecules that elicit an immune response only when attached to a large carrier such as a protein; the carrier may be one that also does not elicit an immune response by itself. The mechanisms of absence of immune response may vary and involve complex immunological interactions, but can include absent or insufficient co-stimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells.

Haptens have been used to study allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to induce autoimmune-like responses.

The concept of haptens emerged from the work of Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner,
who also pioneered the use of synthetic haptens to study immunochemical phenomena.

Glutaraldehyde
Glutaraldehyde is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)3(CHO)2.  The molecule consists of a five carbon chain doubly terminated with formyl (CHO) groups.  It is usually used as a solution in water, and such solutions exists as a collection of hydrates, cyclic derivatives, and condensation products, several of which interconvert. Because the molecule has two aldehyde functional groups, glutaraldehyde (and its hydrates) can crosslink substances with primary amine groups, through condensation. Crosslinking can rigidify and deactivate proteins and other molecules that are critical for normal biological function, such as DNA, and so glutaraldehyde solutions are effective biocides and fixatives.  It is sold under the brandnames Cidex and Glutaral. As a disinfectant, it is used to sterilize surgical instruments.
Once Upon a Time in Iraq
Once Upon a Time in Iraq is a 2020 British documentary television miniseries directed by James Bluemel and narrated by the British-Iraqi actor Andy Serkis. Composed of five episodes, it features interviews with Iraqi citizens, American military personnel and international journalists about the Iraqi conflict and its effects on the Iraqi people.

British Iraqis
British Iraqis  are British citizens who originate from Iraq.

The three main ethnicities within the British Iraqi community are Arabs, Kurds and Turkmen, according to a publication by the International Organization for Migration. There are also smaller Assyrian, Mandaean and Yazidi communities.
Tony Joseph Pallivathukal
Tony Joseph Pallivathukal (often credited as Tony Joseph) is an Indian music director, music producer and publisher, sound engineer and singer. He has composed music for Malayalam films, advertising films and television commercial jingles in different languages.

He started his music career assisting music director Manikanth Kadri in Chennai. As a sound engineer, he has collaborated with several music directors in the South Indian Music Industry. He made his debut as a film score composer in 2018 with the movie Mohanlal, directed by Sajid Yahiya and starring Manju Warrier and Indrajith Sukumaran.

Manju Warrier
Manju Warrier (ʋaːɾjər; born 10 September 1978/1979) is an Indian actress, and producer who works predominantly in Malayalam cinema. She is the recipient of a National Film Award, a Kerala State Film Award, a  Tamil Nadu State Film Award and a record seven Filmfare Awards South.

Warrier made her acting debut with Sakshyam (1995). Her most notable films include Thooval Kottaram (1996), Sallapam (1996), Ee Puzhayum Kadannu (1996), Aaraam Thampuran (1997) and Summer in Bethlehem (1998). Post her marriage in 1998, she took a break from acting. Warrier returned to cinema with the acclaimed film How Old Are You? (2014).
Anna Bass
Anna Bass (24 December 1876 – 27 August 1961) was a French sculptor born in Strasbourg.

At a special exhibition of Alsace artists at the Paris Salon in 1920, Bass exhibited one terracotta and two bronze sculptures. In 1927 her works were in the collections of the Luxembourg Gallery, Paris and the Strasbourg Museum.

Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg
The Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg (Museum of Fine Arts of Strasbourg) is the old masters paintings collection of the city of Strasbourg, located in the Alsace region of France. The museum is housed in the first and second floors of the baroque Palais Rohan since 1898. The museum displays works by non-Upper Rhenish artists from between the 14th century and 1871 and by Upper Rhenish artist from between 1681 and 1871. The museum owned 1,934 works as of 31 December 2015, this number has substantially increased since (see below). The old masters from the upper-Rhenish area until 1681 are exhibited in the neighboring Musée de l’Œuvre Notre-Dame.
Rustam Emomali
Rustam Emomali (born Rustam Emomalievich Rahmonov; 19 December 1987) is a Tajik politician who is the current Chairman of the National Assembly of Tajikistan, Mayor of Dushanbe and the eldest son of Emomali Rahmon, the long-standing president of Tajikistan.

Rustam Emomali is believed to be prepared by his father to succeed him as the leader of Tajikistan; he holds the title of the constitutionally designated successor to the presidency. He heads the anti-corruption agency in Tajikistan and the state's financial oversight agency. Despite not having served in the armed forces, he holds the rank of major general. He was appointed as the mayor of Dushanbe by his father in 2017 at the age of 29.

President of Tajikistan
The president of Tajikistan is the head of state and de facto head of government of the Republic of Tajikistan. The president heads the executive branch of the country's government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Tajikistan.
Lysimachia venosa
Lysimachia venosa is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae known by the common name veined yellow loosestrife. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Kauai. The plant was only collected twice, last in 1911, but in 1991, a branch was discovered that had broken off the steep cliffs above the headwaters of the Wailua River. The branch was from a plant of this species and may have fallen from the summit of Mount Waialeale. No more specimens have been found since and the plant may be extinct, but some experts believe it may still exist in unsurveyed parts of the habitat. It was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 2010.

This shrub grows at least 0.5 to 1.0 m in height. The oval leaves are up to 10 cm long by 4.8 cm wide. The flowers have dark red petals between 1 and 2 cm long.

Primulaceae
The Primulaceae (/ˌprɪmjəˈleɪʃi.iː/ PRIM-yə-LAY-shee-ee), commonly known as the primrose family (but not related to the evening primrose family), are a family of herbaceous and woody flowering plants including some favourite garden plants and wildflowers. Most are perennial though some species, such as scarlet pimpernel, are annuals.

Previously one of three families in the order Primulales, it underwent considerable generic re-alignment once molecular phylogenetic methods were used for taxonomic classification. The order was then submerged in a much enlarged order Ericales and became a greatly enlarged Primulaceae sensu lato (s.l). In this new classification of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, each of the Primulales families was reduced to the rank of subfamily of Primulaceae s.l. The original Primulaceae (Primulaceae sensu stricto or s.s.) then became subfamily Primuloideae, and one genus (Maesa) was raised to the rank of a separate subfamily, making four in all.
Alepocephaliformes
Alepocephaliformes is an order of marine deep-sea teleost fishes. It was previously classified as the suborder Alepocephaloidei of the order Argentiniformes.

As an adaptation to a life in the deep-sea, they have no swim bladder, and the ossification of the skeleton is reduced. The largest known member is Narcetes shonanmaruae, the largest deep-sea-endemic bony fish.

Narcetes shonanmaruae
Narcetes shonanmaruae, the yokozuna slickhead, is a species of large marine ray-finned fish, a slickhead belonging to the family Alepocephalidae. At over 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) in length, it is the largest species of slickhead, and the largest species of bony fish entirely restricted to the deep ocean.

It was first formally caught/found  described in 2023, the description being based on four specimens which were collected below a depth of 2,171 m (7,123 ft) in Suruga Bay in Japan. Its largest verified size is 130 cm (51 in), however recent footage with a reference has given the fish a much larger estimated length of 253 cm (100 in), however unverified. The specific name references Shonan Maru, the ship the specimens were collected from. The proposed English name, yokozuna slickhead, refers to the highest ranking of sumo wrestler, the yokozuna.
Raven Hill Discovery Center
Raven Hill Discovery Center is a collection of indoor and outdoor exhibits for hands-on learning by children and adults in Michigan, United States. Established in 1991 they are primarily a Science Center but have a combined focus with history and art as well as nature and biology.

Science museum
A science museum is a museum devoted primarily to science. Older science museums tended to concentrate on static displays of objects related to natural history, paleontology, geology, industry and industrial machinery, etc. Modern trends in museology have broadened the range of subject matter and introduced many interactive exhibits. Modern science museums, increasingly referred to as "science centres" or "discovery centres", also feature technology.

While the mission statements of science centres and modern museums may vary, they are commonly places that make science accessible and encourage the excitement of discovery.
Homocysteine desulfhydrase
The enzyme homocysteine desulfhydrase (EC 4.4.1.2) catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-homocysteine + H2O = hydrogen sulfide + NH3 + 2-oxobutanoate (overall reaction)
(1a) L-homocysteine = hydrogen sulfide + 2-aminobut-2-enoate
(1b) 2-aminobut-2-enoate = 2-iminobutanoate (spontaneous)
(1c) 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH3 (spontaneous)

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the class of carbon-sulfur lyases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-homocysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating; 2-oxobutanoate-forming). Other names in common use include homocysteine desulfurase, L-homocysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating).  This enzyme participates in nitrogen and sulfur metabolism.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Sulfur metabolism
Sulfur is metabolized by all organisms, from bacteria and archaea to plants and animals. Sulfur can have an oxidation state from −2 to +6 and is reduced or oxidized by a diverse range of organisms. The element is present in proteins, sulfate esters of polysaccharides, steroids, phenols, and sulfur-containing coenzymes.
Chronology of discoveries of water on Mars
To date, interplanetary spacecraft have provided abundant evidence of water on Mars, dating back to the Mariner 9 mission, which arrived at Mars in 1971. This article provides a mission by mission breakdown of the discoveries they have made. For a more comprehensive description of evidence for water on Mars today, and the history of water on that planet, see Water on Mars.

Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula SO42−. Salts, acid derivatives, and peroxides of sulfate are widely used in industry. Sulfates occur widely in everyday life. Sulfates are salts of sulfuric acid and many are prepared from that acid.
Locus Award for Best Horror Novel
The Locus Award for Best Horror Novel is a literary award given annually by Locus Magazine as part of their Locus Awards. It has also been known as both the Locus Award for Best Horror/Dark Fantasy Novel and Locus Award for Best Dark Fantasy/Horror Novel.

Locus (magazine)
Locus: The Magazine of The Science Fiction & Fantasy Field, founded in 1968, is an American magazine published monthly in Oakland, California. It is the news organ and trade journal for the English-language science fiction and fantasy fields. It also publishes comprehensive listings of all new books published in the genres (excluding self-published). The magazine also presents the annual Locus Awards. Locus Online was launched in April 1997, as a semi-autonomous web version of Locus Magazine.
Béatrice Pesquet-Popescu
Béatrice Pesquet-Popescu is a Romanian electrical engineer who works in France at Telecom ParisTech. After earning an engineering degree in 1995 from the Politehnica University of Bucharest, she completed a Ph.D. at the École Normale Supérieure de Cachan in Paris in 1998. After working as a research scientist for Philips Research, she joined Telecom ParisTech in 2000.

She was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2013 "for her contributions to image and video compression and networking".

Télécom Paris
Télécom Paris is an engineering grande école located in Palaiseau, France. It is a member of the Polytechnic Institute of Paris and the Institut Mines-Télécom. In 2021, it was the sixth highest ranked French university in THE World University Rankings, and the 7th best small university worldwide.
In the QS Ranking, Télécom Paris is the 64th best university worldwide in engineering.

In 1991, Télécom Paris and the EPFL established a school named EURECOM located in Sophia-Antipolis. Students can be admitted either in Palaiseau or in Sophia-Antipolis.
Scotland women's national football team results (2000–2009)
This article lists the results of the Scotland women's national football team from 2000 to 2009. The list excludes unofficial matches, where the opposition did not have full international status or it was played behind closed doors. For example, Scotland played the Isle of Man in the Celt Cup and a United States under-18 team in the 2000 Albena Cup.

Behind closed doors (sport)
The term "behind closed doors" is used in several sports to describe matches played where spectators are not allowed in the stadium or venue to watch. A match played in this manner is also referred to as a crowdless game. Because ticket sales generally constitute a substantial proportion of total revenues in most professional sports as well as in certain elite competitions of many amateur sports, it is rare for such games to be off limits to paying members of the general public. When such instances do occur, it is usually for reasons outside the participating teams' control. These may include as a punishment or remedy for a participating team, stadium safety problems, preventing potentially dangerous clashes between rival supporters, wider safety concerns like a riot or other civil disturbances, or public health concerns like the COVID-19 pandemic.
ADMV (song)
"ADMV" (short for "Amor de Mi Vida"; English: "Love of My Life") is a song by Colombian singer Maluma. Co-written by Maluma, Stiven Rojas, Vicente Barco, and Edgar Barrera, the lattermost of whom also produced the song, it was released by Sony Music Latin on April 23, 2020. The song topped the charts in Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Chile, Panama, Paraguay, Mexico, and the Dominican Republic; it also reached the top ten in Puerto Rico, El Salvador, Honduras, Uruguay and, Venezuela.

Sony Music Latin
Sony Music Entertainment US Latin LLC (often referred to as Sony Music Latin) is an American record label owned by Sony Music. The label focuses on artists of Latin music. Sony Latin was also a division of the Sony Discos label.
Fedor Ovchinnikov
Fedor Yakovlevich Ovchinnikov (Russian: Фёдор Яковлевич Овчинников; 18 February 1925 – 1 July 1994)  was a Soviet engineer, energy official, and nuclear power expert. He served as Deputy Minister, Ministry of Energy and Electrification of the USSR, was the first director of the Novovoronezh Nuclear Power Plant, and later General Director of the international consortium Interatomenergo.

Novovoronezh
Novovoronezh (Russian: Нововоро́неж) is a town in Voronezh Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Don River 55 kilometers (34 mi) south of Voronezh. Population: 30,658 (2021 Census); 32,635 (2010 Census); 36,961 (2002 Census); 35,666 (1989 Soviet census).