hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ferdinand Münz
Ferdinand Münz (1888-1969) was an Austrian chemist who first synthesized EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) at IG Farben in 1935, patented both in Germany (anonymously) and in the USA  (with his name), with the aim of producing a citric acid substitute, in order to reduce the German government's dependence on imports of chemical products from abroad. Münz noted that an aminocarboxylic acid worked much better as a chelating agent than citric acid and therefore thought that a polyaminopolycarboxylic acid would have worked even better.

In 1945 he worked closely with the future Nobel laureate Kurt Alder (1902-1958). In 1949 they published a paper together on diene synthesis and additions.

Diene
In organic chemistry, a diene (/ˈdaɪiːn/ DY-een); also diolefin, /daɪˈoʊləfɪn/ dy-OH-lə-fin) or alkadiene) is a covalent compound that contains two double bonds, usually among carbon atoms. They thus contain two alkene units, with the standard prefix di of systematic nomenclature.  As a subunit of more complex molecules, dienes occur in naturally occurring and synthetic chemicals and are used in organic synthesis.  Conjugated dienes are widely used as monomers in the polymer industry. Polyunsaturated fats are of interest to nutrition.
Universal algebra
Universal algebra (sometimes called general algebra) is the field of mathematics that studies algebraic structures in general, not specific types of algebraic structures.
For instance, rather than considering groups or rings as the object of study—this is the subject of group theory and ring theory— in universal algebra, the object of study is the possible types of algebraic structures and their relationships.

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
Puerto Yeruá
Puerto Yeruá is a town and municipality in Concordia Department, Entre Ríos Province, Argentina. It is located 15 km (9 mi) from the city of Concordia.

To the west of Puerto Yeruá lies National Route 14, from which the town is accessed via a paved 17.5 km road. The town has access to various services in the neighboring city of Concordia, whose commercial center is 38 km away by road and connected by bus service. There is a detachment of the Argentine Naval Prefecture in the town.

The municipal boundaries of Puerto Yeruá are bordered to the west by the municipal boundaries of Estancia Grande, and to the south, the Yeruá Stream separates it from the rural population centers of Clodomiro Ledesma and Nueva Escocia. The Uruguay River lies to the north and east.

In the ravines overlooking the Uruguay River, there is a rocky outcrop of geological interest, which gave its name to the Puerto Yeruá Formation, dating from the Upper Cretaceous.

Puerto Yeruá Formation
The Puerto Yeruá Formation is a Late Cretaceous geologic formation in the Paraná Basin, pertaining to Entre Ríos Province, Argentina. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, as well as egg fragments and fossilized wood.
1994 ATP German Open – Doubles
Paul Haarhuis and Mark Koevermans were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners. Haarhuis teamed up with Jacco Eltingh and lost in the semifinals to Henrik Holm and Anders Järryd, while Koevermans teamed up with Jan Apell and lost in the first round to Javier Sánchez and Daniel Vacek.

Scott Melville and Piet Norval won the title by defeating Henrik Holm and Anders Järryd 7–6, 6–3 in the final.

Daniel Vacek
Daniel Vacek (born 1 April 1971) is a former tennis player from Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic who turned professional in 1990. He reached the quarterfinals of the 1995 Paris Masters, the 1998 Canada Masters and the 1998 Cincinnati Masters, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 26 in January 1996.

Vacek represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta where he was defeated in the second round. The right-hander won 25 career titles in doubles with various partners, including the French Open in 1996 and 1997, and the US Open in 1997 with Yevgeny Kafelnikov.
Neram Pularumbol
Neram Pularumbol is a 1986 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed and produced by K. P. Kumaran. The film stars Mammootty, Mohanlal, Ramya Krishnan and KPAC Lalitha in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Johnson. It was the Malayalam debut of Ramya Krishnan. Although this was her first film during the shoot, her first release happened to be in Tamil through the film, Vellai Manasu (1984).

K. P. A. C. Lalitha
Maheshwari Amma, better known by her stage name K. P. A. C. Lalitha (10 March 1947 – 22 February 2022), was an Indian film and stage actress who worked primarily in the Malayalam film industry. Considered one of the greatest actresses in the history of Indian Cinema, she started her acting career with Kerala People's Arts Club, a theatre collective in Kayamkulam, Kerala. In a career spanning five decades, she starred in over 550 films.

Lalitha has won two National Film Awards for Best Supporting Actress along with four Kerala State Film Awards. In 2009, she was honoured with the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2009 Filmfare Awards South. Lalitha latterly served as the chairperson of Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi. She was married to the late Malayalam filmmaker Bharathan.
2020 Engie Open Andrézieux-Bouthéon 42
The 2020 Engie Open Andrézieux-Bouthéon 42 was a professional tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Andrézieux-Bouthéon, France between 27 January and 2 February 2020.

Andrézieux-Bouthéon
Andrézieux-Bouthéon (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃dʁezjø buteɔ̃]; Arpitan: Andrèsiô-Botion [ã.dre.ˈzjø bu.ˈtsjũ]) is a commune of the Loire department, France. It lies on the right bank of the river Loire, at its confluence with the river Furan, 13 km north of the city of Saint-Étienne. Saint-Etienne-Loire Airport is situated 1.5 km south of the town.
Soviet Union at the 1988 Summer Olympics
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed, for the last time before its dissolution, at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. 481 competitors, 319 men and 162 women, took part in 221 events in 27 sports. Athletes from 12 of the ex-Soviet republics would compete as the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics, and each nation would field independent teams in subsequent Games.

The Soviet Union dominated the medal count, winning 55 gold and 132 total medals. It is the largest Olympic medal tally in history achieved by a non-host nation. Currently, China's and the United States' 48 gold medals in 2008 and 2012 respectively, and the United States' 126 total medals in 2024 are the closest results to the USSR's 1988 performance. The Soviet Union medal tally currently ranks fourth both in terms of gold and total medals, after the United States' 1984 performance, the Soviet Union's 1980 performance, the United States' 1904 performance, and Great Britain's 1908 performance.

Yelena Dendeberova
Yelena Yuryevna Dendeberova (Russian: Елена Юръевна Дендеберова, born 4 May 1969) is a former medley swimmer from the Soviet Union, who won the silver medal in the 200 m individual medley at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. She also competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics, for the Unified Team.

She currently works as a coach at the “Ekran” Specialized Children’s and Youth Sports School (SChOR) in Saint Petersburg. Her swimmers are world, European, and Russian champions and record holders. Among them are Miron Lifintsev and Egor Kornev, and others.
Agrotera glycyphanes
Agrotera glycyphanes is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1913. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded Queensland.

The wingspan is about 22 mm. The forewings are pale brown with a purple gloss. The basal third is pale yellow, reticulated with orange and bounded by an orange line. There is a large round pale yellow spot beneath the costa, edged and irrorated (sprinkled) with orange and a similar but smaller spot beneath this. There is also a pale-orange streak along the costa, as well as a fine fuscous line from the costa outwards, then bent to form a quadrangular projection, bent again to beneath a second spot.

Alfred Jefferis Turner
Alfred Jefferis Turner (3 October 1861 in Canton – 29 December 1947 in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) was a pediatrician and amateur entomologist. He was the son of missionary Frederick Storrs-Turner. He introduced the use of diphtheria antitoxin to Australia in 1895, and resided in Dauphin Terrace, Highgate Hill, Brisbane.

The Jefferis Turner Centre for mothercraft was opened in 1952 as part of the Queensland Government's Maternal and Child Welfare program. In 1986, its role was changed to provide short-term respite care for intellectually disabled children. It is located in the heritage building Fairy Knoll in Ipswich.
Amina Adamu Aliyu
Amina Adamu AliyuListenⓘ  is a Nigerian judge from Kano State She was born in Kano Municipal Local Government Area of Kano State. She pursued her Bachelor of Laws at Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, graduating in 1986, and subsequently completed her legal training at the Nigerian Law School, being called to the bar in May 1989. Aliyu started her career as a state counsel in the Kano State Ministry of Justice in 1989, eventually rising to the position of Deputy Director Civil Litigation by 2009 when she became a High Court Judge. Notable cases include chairing the election petition tribunals in Kwara State in 2020 and Kebbi State in the 2019 Nigerian general election. Aliyu also presided over cases involving issues such as irregularities in the selection process of the Kano Emirate Throne and heinous crimes, delivering judgments that led to convictions and sentences.

Kano State Government
Kano State Government is the government of Kano State, concerned with the administration of the state ministries.
The government consists of the executive, legislative and Judiciary.
The government is headed by the Governor who is the policy-maker and often assisted by the Commissioners and other civil servants of the state.
Broadwell (microarchitecture)
Broadwell (previously Rockwell) is the fifth generation of the Intel Core processor. It is Intel's codename for the 14 nanometer die shrink of its Haswell microarchitecture. It is a "tick" in Intel's tick–tock principle as the next step in semiconductor fabrication. Like some of the previous tick-tock iterations, Broadwell did not completely replace the full range of CPUs from the previous microarchitecture (Haswell), as there were no low-end desktop CPUs based on Broadwell.

Some of the processors based on the Broadwell microarchitecture are marketed as "5th-generation Core" i3, i5 and i7 processors. This moniker is however not used for marketing of the Broadwell-based Celeron, Pentium or Xeon chips. This microarchitecture also introduced the Core M processor branding.

Broadwell's H and C variants are used in conjunction with Intel 9 Series chipsets (Z97, H97 and HM97), in addition to retaining backward compatibility with some of the Intel 8 Series chipsets.

Die shrink
The term die shrink (sometimes optical shrink or process shrink) refers to the scaling of metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) devices.  The act of shrinking a die creates a somewhat identical circuit using a more advanced fabrication process, usually involving an advance of lithographic nodes. This reduces overall costs for a chip company, as the absence of major architectural changes to the processor lowers research and development costs while at the same time allowing more processor dies to be manufactured on the same piece of silicon wafer, resulting in less cost per product sold.

Die shrinks are the key to lower prices and higher performance at semiconductor companies such as Samsung, Intel, TSMC, and SK Hynix, and fabless manufacturers such as AMD (including the former ATI), NVIDIA and MediaTek.
All Inclusive (2023 film)
All Inclusive is a 2023 Dutch comedy film directed by Aniëlle Webster. Jennifer Hoffman, Frank Lammers and Aiko Beemsterboer play roles in the film.

The film finished in 8th place in the list of best visited Dutch films of 2023 with just over 200.000 visitors.

Frank Lammers
Frank Lammers (born 10 April 1972) is a Dutch television and film actor. In 2006, he won a "Best Actor" Golden Calf for his work in Nachtrit. In 2009, he won the Dutch National News Quiz. Notable for his roles in films like Michiel de Ruyter and the Netflix series Undercover as the charismatic drug lord Ferry Bouman, Lammers has received acclaim for his contributions to Dutch cinema. Beyond acting, he directed the award-winning film Of ik gek ben in 2017. He is married to writer Eva Posthuma de Boer, with whom he has a daughter and a son.
Bird baronets
The Bird Baronetcy, of Solihull in the County of Warwick, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom.

It was created on 27 January 1922 for the chemist and food manufacturer Sir Alfred Frederick Bird, the son of Alfred Bird, the inventor of Bird's Custard. Bird was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Baronet, who was the chairman of the family firm of Alfred Bird & Sons Ltd and also represented Wolverhampton West in Parliament.

When Sir Robert died without male issue, he was succeeded by his nephew, Sir Donald Geoffrey. He was the son of Geoffrey Bird, second son of the first Baronet. Sir Richard Geoffrey Chapman Bird was the fourth Baronet, who succeeded in 1963 and died on 16 June 2021. He was succeeded in 2021 by his son, the fifth baronet, Sir John Andrew Bird

Alfred Bird
Alfred Bird (1811 – 15 December 1878) was an English food manufacturer and chemist. He was born in Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, England in 1811 and was later a pupil at King Edward's School, Birmingham.  He was the inventor of a series of food products, most notably egg-free custard and baking powder. His father was a lecturer in astronomy at Eton College. His son Alfred Frederick Bird continued to develop the business after his father's death.
Bud Day
George Everette "Bud" Day (24 February 1925 – 27 July 2013) was a United States Air Force officer, aviator, and veteran of World War II, Korean War and Vietnam War.  He was also a prisoner of war, and recipient of the Medal of Honor and Air Force Cross. As of 2025, he is the only person to be awarded both the Medal of Honor and Air Force Cross. He was posthumously advanced to the rank of brigadier general effective March 27, 2018, as directed by the 2017 National Defense Authorization Act.

Day's actions from 26 August 1967 through 14 March 1973 were the last to earn the Medal of Honor prior to the end of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War on 30 April 1975, though some honorees (e.g. Leslie H. Sabo Jr., honored on 16 May 2012) were cited for their medals after Day's recognition on 4 March 1976. Having earned over 70 awards, decorations, and medals, Day is considered to be the most decorated United States military officer since Douglas MacArthur.

Saint Louis University
Saint Louis University (SLU) is a private Jesuit research university in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1818 by Louis William Valentine DuBourg, it is the oldest university west of the Mississippi River and one of the oldest Jesuit universities in the United States. The university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

In the 2023–2024 academic year, SLU had an enrollment of 15,204 students. The student body included 8,502 undergraduate students and 6,702 graduate students that represent all 50 states and 96 countries.  The university is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Spending and Doctorate Production".

For more than 50 years, the university has maintained the Saint Louis University Madrid Campus in Spain. SLU's athletic teams compete in the NCAA Division I as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference.
Escadron de Transport 55 Ouessant
Escadron de Transport 55 Ouessant is a French Air and Space Force squadron located at Léon-Mba International Airport, Libreville, Gabon which operates the Eurocopter Fennec.

In the 1970s ETOM 55 (Escadron de Transport d'Outre Mer 55) operated the Nord Noratlas transport aircraft from Dakar, Senegal.

Léon-Mba International Airport
Léon-Mba International Airport (IATA: LBV, ICAO: FOOL, French: Aéroport international Léon-Mba) is an airport situated in Libreville, Gabon. Constructed in the 1950s, it is the main international airport in the country.
2016–17 Scottish Basketball Championship Men season
The 2016–17 season was the 48th campaign of the Scottish Basketball Championship, the national basketball league of Scotland. 18 teams were split into Division 1, featuring 10 teams, and Division 2, featuring 8 teams. Falkirk Fury won their 5th league title.

Glasgow University Sports Association
Glasgow University Sports Association (formerly Glasgow University Athletic Club) is a student organisation at the University of Glasgow responsible for the promotion of sport and physical activity around campus.
Chiara Consonni
Chiara Consonni (born 24 June 1999) is an Italian racing cyclist, who as of 2025 rides for UCI Women's World Team Canyon//SRAM zondacrypto. She rode for Valcar–PBM in the women's team time trial event at the 2018 UCI Road World Championships.

Her older brother, Simone Consonni, is also a professional cyclist.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
American Behavioral Scientist
American Behavioral Scientist is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the fields of social and behavioral sciences. The managing editor is Laura Lawrie. It was established in 1957 by Alfred de Grazia and is currently published by SAGE Publications, who acquired the journal from de Grazia.

Behavioural sciences
Behavioural science is the branch of science concerned with theorizing on, categorizing, and judging human behaviour. It sits in the interstice between fields such as psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, behavioral biology, behavioral genetics and social science. While the term can technically be applied to the study of behaviour amongst all living organisms, it is nearly always used with reference to humans as the primary target of investigation (though animals may be studied in some instances, e.g. invasive techniques).
Drinking Buddies
Drinking Buddies is a 2013 American comedy-drama film written, directed and edited by Joe Swanberg, and starring Olivia Wilde, Jake Johnson, Anna Kendrick and Ron Livingston. The film is about two co-workers at a craft brewery in Chicago.

The film premiered at the 2013 South by Southwest Film Festival, and also screened at Maryland Film Festival 2013.

Jake Johnson
Mark Jake Johnson Weinberger (born May 28, 1978) is an American actor. He has starred as Nick Miller in the Fox sitcom New Girl (2011–2018), for which he was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Comedy Series in 2013. He has also voiced a version of Spider-Man in the animated film Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018) and its 2023 sequel.

Johnson has also starred in Let's Be Cops (2014), and appeared in Paper Heart (2009), Safety Not Guaranteed (2012), 21 Jump Street (2012), Jurassic World (2015), The Mummy (2017), and Tag (2018). From 2022 to 2023, he starred in the comedy series Minx. In 2023, he made his directorial debut with Self Reliance.
Chanel ready-to-wear collection
The Chanel ready-to-wear collection is a showcase held by luxury fashion house Chanel biannually for spring-summer and autumn-winter seasons during Paris Fashion Week to an audience of media, retailers, buyers, investors, and customers, under the auspices of the Chambre Syndicale du Prêt-à-Porter des Couturiers et des Créateurs de Mode.

Paris Fashion Week
Paris Fashion Week (French: Semaine de la mode de Paris, commonly [la] Fashion Week) is a series of designer presentations held semi-annually in Paris, France, with spring/summer and autumn/winter events held each year. Dates are determined by the Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode. Paris Fashion Week is held at venues throughout the city. It is one of the "Big Four" fashion weeks alongside New York, Milan, and London.

In addition to ready-to-wear shows, there are men's and haute couture shows; these are held semiannually for the spring/summer and autumn/winter seasons. The haute couture collections are always presented and exhibited before the ready-to-wear collections, with there being a total of a little over 100 collections each season. Also, every year, famous brands like Dior, Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Kenzo, Givenchy, and Céline host their shows in historical places such as the Carrousel du Louvre and the Grand Palais.
Jameson's red rock hare
Jameson's red rock hare (Pronolagus randensis) is a species of rabbit in the family Leporidae found in rocky habitats in Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, South Africa, Botswana, and Mozambique. It is rufous and brown-furred, nocturnal, 42 to 50 cm (17 to 20 in) in length and 1.82 to 2.95 kg (4.0 to 6.5 lb) in weight—slightly smaller than the largest of the red rock hare species, the Natal red rock hare (P. crassicaudatus).

The species is generally solitary when not breeding or grazing. Jameson's red rock hare feeds only at night. While grazing, it is sometimes seen in small groups feeding upon grasses and fresh shoots. Little is known about its mating behaviour, and its predators are similar to those of other red rock hares. It is classified as a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), being abundant in the protected areas its distribution overlaps, but its population is decreasing.

Disjunct distribution
In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but considerably separated from each other geographically. The causes are varied and might demonstrate either the expansion or contraction of a species' range.
Donald E. Hines
Donald Elliott "Doc" Hines (November 14, 1933 – June 18, 2019) was an American family physician in Bunkie in Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana, who was from 1993 to 2008 a member of the Louisiana State Senate for District 28.  In his last term from 2004 to 2008, he was the Senate President under his political ally, Democratic former Governor Kathleen Babineaux Blanco.

Governor of Louisiana
The governor of Louisiana (French: Gouverneur de la Louisiane; Spanish: Gobernador de Luisiana) is the chief executive  of the U.S. state government of Louisiana. The governor also serves as the commander in chief of the Louisiana National Guard. Republican Jeff Landry has held the office since January 8, 2024.