hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle Axe culture
The Battle Axe culture, also called Boat Axe culture, is a Chalcolithic culture that flourished in the coastal areas of the south of the Scandinavian Peninsula and southwest Finland, from c. 2800 BC – c. 2300 BC. It was an offshoot of the Corded Ware culture, and replaced the Funnelbeaker culture in southern Scandinavia, probably through a process of mass migration and population replacement. It is thought to have been responsible for spreading Indo-European languages and other elements of Indo-European culture to the region. It co-existed for a time with the hunter-gatherer Pitted Ware culture, which it eventually absorbed, developing into the Nordic Bronze Age. The Nordic Bronze Age has, in turn, been considered ancestral to the Germanic peoples.

Chalcolithic Europe
The Chalcolithic (also Eneolithic, Copper Age) period of Prehistoric Europe lasted roughly from 5000 to 2000 BC, developing from the preceding Neolithic period and followed by the Bronze Age.

It was a period of Megalithic culture, the appearance of the first significant economic stratification, and probably the earliest presence of Indo-European speakers.

The economy of the Chalcolithic, even in the regions where copper was not yet used, was no longer that of peasant communities and tribes: some materials began to be produced in specific locations and distributed to wide regions. Mining of metal and stone was particularly developed in some areas, along with the processing of those materials into valuable goods.
Pagal (film)
Pagal   is a 1940 Indian Hindi-language film. It was the fourth highest grossing Indian film of 1940. The psycho-social melodrama was directed by A. R. Kardar for Ranjit Movietone. Kardar also wrote the dialogues and story (with Kamal Amrohi) for the film. Khemchand Prakash composed the music with lyrics written by D. N. Madhok. The film's protagonist was Prithviraj Kapoor playing a doctor with psychological problems, working in a "lunatic asylum". The rest of the cast included Trilok Kapoor, Madhuri, Sitara Devi, Noor Mohammed Charlie, Khatoon, and Sunalini Devi.

The film involves a doctor who loves a girl, but marries her sister due to an unfortunate coincidence. His treatment of his wife and the girl he loves, and his own eventual deterioration into insanity forms the basis of story. Prithviraj Kapoor's performance was appreciated by the critics and the audience, making the film a big commercial success.

Noor Mohammed Charlie
Noor Mohammed Charlie (Urdu: نور محمد چارلی，1 July 1911 – 30 June 1983), popularly known as Charlie, was a Pakistani actor and comedian.

Best known for his comedy roles, he was the first 'star' comedian and has been referred to as India's first comedy king. He acted with several top actresses of the day as a comic hero. Being a great fan of Charlie Chaplin, he took "Charlie" as his screen name following the release of his popular film The Indian Charlie (1933). He had a successful career in pre-partition India from 1925–1946. His shift to Pakistan following partition saw his career going down with less than 12 films.

He shifted to the US to live with his son and returned later to Pakistan where he died in 1983.
Blanco y Negro
Blanco y Negro ("Black and White" in Spanish) can refer to

Blanco y Negro (magazine) in Spain

Blanco y Negro Music, a record label in Spain

Blanco y Negro Records, a record label in the United Kingdom

Blanco y Negro (album), an album by A.B. Quintanilla and Kumbia All Starz
"Blanco y Negro" (song), a song by A.B. Quintanilla and Kumbia All Starz

Blanco y Negro Records
Blanco y Negro Records (Spanish: "White and Black"), a subsidiary of WEA Records Ltd., was established in 1983 by Geoff Travis of Rough Trade Records and Mike Alway of él Records.  Michel Duval of Les Disques du Crépuscule was also involved with the label.

Blanco y Negro was the label of Queen Adreena,  Everything but the Girl, the Jesus and Mary Chain, Eddi Reader, the Dream Academy, Dinosaur Jr., Sudden Sway, Bernthøler, A House, Catatonia, the Veils and, reportedly, Elizabeth Fraser, former vocalist of Cocteau Twins. It also signed folk supergroup Equation and Irish singer Cara Dillon who also was signed to the label with partner Sam Lakeman.
Shimon Schuldiner
Shimon Schuldiner (Hebrew: שמעון שולדינר; born August 10, 1946) is an Israeli biochemist. He has made important contributions to the understanding of proteins that couple the movement of ions and other molecules across membranes. Schuldiner is Mathilda Marks-Kennedy Professor at the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He received a B.Sc. in 1967 and an M.Sc. in 1968 from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and a Ph.D. from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot in 1973.

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
Awila Wachana Punta
Awila Wachana Punta (Quechua awila eagle (from Spanish aguila) or grandmother (from Spanish abuela), wacha birth, to give birth, -na a suffix, awila wachana 'where the eagle is born', also spelled Aguila Huachana Punta) is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes which reaches a height of approximately 4,720 m (15,490 ft). It is located in the Cochabamba Department, Quillacollo Province, Quillacollo Municipality. Awila Wachana Punta lies east of Kimsa Tinkuy and a lake named Warawarani.

Cochabamba Department
Cochabamba (Aymara: Quchapampa Jach'a Suyu, Spanish: Departamento de Cochabamba pronounced [kotʃaˈβamba] ⓘ, Quechua: Quchapampa Suyu), from Quechua qucha or qhucha, meaning "lake", pampa meaning "plain", is one of the nine departments of Bolivia. It is known to be the breadbasket of the country because of its variety of agricultural products from its geographical position. It has an area of 55,631 km2. Its population in the 2024 census was 2,005,373. Its capital is the city of Cochabamba, known as the "City of Eternal Spring" and "The Garden City" because of its spring-like temperatures all year.
Buzenda
Buzenda (豊前田, ぶぜんだ) refers to the downtown area of Shimonoseki City, Japan. It is located in the Shimonoseki Station area, and it is known as the most famous downtown area in Yamaguchi Prefecture. 
There are izakaya, karaoke bars, and other social venues around Buzenda-cho-2.

Yamaguchi Prefecture
Yamaguchi Prefecture (山口県, Yamaguchi-ken) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Yamaguchi Prefecture has a population of 1,377,631 (1 February 2018) and has a geographic area of 6,112 km2 (2,359 sq mi). Yamaguchi Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the north and Hiroshima Prefecture to the northeast.

Yamaguchi is the capital and Shimonoseki is the largest city of Yamaguchi Prefecture, with other major cities including Ube, Shūnan, and Iwakuni. Yamaguchi Prefecture is located at the western tip of Honshu with coastlines on the Sea of Japan and Seto Inland Sea, and separated from the island of Kyushu by the Kanmon Straits.
Winston Monseque
Winston Monseque was an American R&B producer and personal manager, best known for his association with Motown.  He produced the top 15 US Billboard R&B chart hit single "She's Just a Groupie" by Bobby Nunn and the critically acclaimed Táta Vega album, Totally Táta. He was also one of the first producers to work with Teena Marie after she arrived at the label.

Teena Marie
Mary Christine Brockert (March 5, 1956 – December 26, 2010), known professionally as Teena Marie, was an American soul and R&B singer, songwriter, and producer. She was known by her childhood nickname Tina before taking the stage name Teena Marie and later acquired the nickname Lady T, given to her by her collaborator and friend Rick James.

She was known for her distinctive and soulful soprano vocals, which caused many listeners to believe she was black. Her success in R&B and soul music, and loyalty to these genres earned her the title Ivory Queen of Soul. She played rhythm guitar, keyboards, and congas. Teena Marie was a four-time Grammy Award nominee, winning posthumously in 2023 for Best R&B Song for co-writing "Cuff It".
Periampullary cancer
Periampullary cancer is a cancer that forms near the ampulla of Vater, an enlargement of the ducts from the liver and pancreas where they join and enter the small intestine. It consists of:

ampullary tumour from ampulla of Vater

cancer of lower common bile duct

duodenal cancer adjacent to ampulla

carcinoma head of pancreas

It presents with painless jaundice which may have a waxing and waning nature, because at times the sloughing of the tumor tissue relieves the obstruction partially.

Ampulla of Vater
The ampulla of Vater, hepatopancreatic ampulla or hepatopancreatic duct is the common duct that is usually formed by a union of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct within the wall of the duodenum. This common duct usually features a dilation ("ampulla"). The common duct then opens medially into the descending part of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. The common duct usually measures 2–10mm in length.

The ampulla of Vater is an important landmark halfway along the second part of the duodenum marking the transition from foregut to midgut.
Elsner
Elsner is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Branko Elsner (1929–2012), Slovenian footballer and manager

David Elsner (born 1992), German ice hockey player

Gisela Elsner (1937–1992), German writer

Hannelore Elsner (1942–2019), German actress

James Elsner (born c. 1959), American atmospheric scientist, geographer, and statistician

Joseph Elsner (disambiguation), multiple people

Józef Elsner (1769–1854), composer
Joseph Elsner (architect) (1845–1933), German architect

Luka Elsner (born 1982), Slovenian footballer and manager

Marko Elsner (1960–2020), Slovenian footballer

Rok Elsner (born 1986), Slovenian footballer

Józef Elsner
Józef Antoni Franciszek Elsner (sometimes Józef Ksawery Elsner;  baptismal name, Joseph Anton Franz Elsner; 1 June 1769 – 18 April 1854) was a Polish composer, music teacher, and music theoretician, active mainly in Warsaw. He was one of the first composers in Poland to weave elements of folk music into his works.

Elsner composed many symphonic, chamber, solo, and vocal-instrumental works, and works for the stage, including over 100 religious works (masses, offertories, oratorios, cantatas), eight symphonies, three concertos, three ballets, and thirty-eight operas. He is perhaps best known as the principal composition teacher of the young composer Frédéric Chopin.
1938 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1938 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team represented the University of Notre Dame as an independent during the 1938 college football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Elmer Layden, the Fighting Irish compiled a record of 8–1.

Notre Dame was awarded the Knute Rockne Memorial Trophy for the season, emblematic of their selection as national champions by the Dickinson System. The Irish topped the AP poll until their loss to  USC in their last game of the season. Notre Dame does not claim a national championship for this season.

1938 college football rankings
One human poll and several ranking methods determined the 1938 college football rankings. Unlike most sports, college football's governing body, the NCAA, did not itself bestow a national championship.
Land Acts (Ireland)
The Land Acts (officially Land Law (Ireland) Acts) were a series of measures to deal with the question of tenancy contracts and peasant proprietorship of land in Ireland in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Five such acts were introduced by the government of the United Kingdom between 1870 and 1909. Further acts were introduced by the governments of the Irish Free State after 1922 and more acts were passed for Northern Ireland.

The success of the Land Acts in reducing the concentration of land ownership is indicated by the fact that in 1870, only 3% of Irish farmers owned their own land while 97% were tenants. By 1929, this ratio had been reversed with 97.4% of farmers holding their farms in freehold. However, as Michael Davitt and other Georgists had foreseen, peasant proprietorship did not end hardship in the Irish countryside. Emigration and economic disadvantage continued while the greatest beneficiaries of land reform were the middle class of medium farmers.

Paul Bew
Paul Anthony Elliott Bew, Baron Bew (born 22 January 1950), is a British historian from Northern Ireland and a life peer. He has worked at Queen's University Belfast since 1979, and is currently Professor of Irish Politics, a position he has held since 1991.
Campbell River Airport
Campbell River Airport (IATA: YBL, ICAO: CYBL) is located 4.5 nautical miles (8.3 km; 5.2 mi) south of the city of Campbell River, British Columbia, Canada.

The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency. CBSA officers at this airport currently can handle general aviation aircraft only, with no more than 15 passengers.

Port of entry
In general, a port of entry (POE) is a place where one may lawfully enter a country. It typically has border security staff and facilities to check passports and visas and to inspect luggage to assure that contraband is not imported. International airports are usually ports of entry, as are road and rail crossings on a land border. Seaports can be used as ports of entry only if a dedicated customs presence is posted there. The choice of whether to become a port of entry is up to the civil authority controlling the port.
Swietenia mahagoni
Swietenia mahagoni, commonly known as American mahogany, Cuban mahogany, small-leaved mahogany, and West Indian mahogany, is a species of Swietenia native to the broader Caribbean bioregion. It is the species from which the original mahogany wood was produced. Mahogany is grown as a plantation tree and sold in timber markets in Kerala, India. Swietenia mahagoni is listed as "Threatened" in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. It is the national tree of the Dominican Republic.

Caribbean bioregion
The Caribbean bioregion is a biogeographic region that includes the islands of the Caribbean Sea, Southern Florida in the United States and nearby Atlantic islands, which share a fauna, flora and mycobiota distinct from surrounding bioregions.
Chen Shuozhen
Chen Shuozhen (Chinese: 陳碩真; pinyin: Chén Shuòzhēn; died 653) was a Tang dynasty woman from Muzhou (in modern Chun'an, Zhejiang), who led a peasant uprising in 653.  During the rebellion, she declared herself Empress Wenjia (文佳皇帝), becoming the first female rebel leader in Chinese history to assume the title of Huangdi ("emperor"). Shuozhen rang bells and burnt incense as she marched to war. She was said to have magic powers, and her people said she was a deity.

Chun'an County
ⓘChun'an (simplified Chinese: 淳安县; traditional Chinese: 淳安縣; pinyin: Chún'ān Xiàn) is a county of Zhejiang Province, East China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang, containing the well-known Qiandao Lake and bordering Anhui province to the northwest. It has a land area of 4,452 km2 (1,719 sq mi) and a population of 450,000. The postal code is 311700, and the county seat is located on 18 North Xin'an Rd., Qiandaohu Town.
Actibacterium naphthalenivorans
Actibacterium naphthalenivorans is a Gram-negative, aerobic, naphthalene-degrading, moderately halophilic and motile bacterium from the genus Actibacterium with a single flagellum which has been isolated from tidal flat sediments from the South Sea in Korea.

Naphthalene
Naphthalene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C10H8. It is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and is a white crystalline solid with a characteristic odor that is detectable at concentrations as low as 0.08 ppm by mass. As an aromatic hydrocarbon, naphthalene's structure consists of a fused pair of benzene rings. It is the main ingredient of traditional mothballs.
Helene Cronin
Helene Cronin (born in Rockville Centre, New York) is an American singer-songwriter recognized for her introspective lyrics and narrative songwriting. Based in Texas, she gained national attention as a winner of the 2018 New Folk Competition at the Kerrville Folk Festival. Cronin maintains an active presence in Nashville, where she regularly collaborates with other songwriters and records her music. Her work draws on folk, Americana, and country influences.

Rockville Centre, New York
Rockville Centre, commonly abbreviated as RVC, is an incorporated village located in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County, on the South Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. The population was 26,016 at the time of the 2020 census.
Golra Hashim
Golra Hashim Urdu pronunciation: [golrɑːhɑːshim] ⓘis a small village in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District in Punjab province, Pakistan. Its nearby villages are Bhagwal, Kotla Haji Shah, Jhantla, Shorian, Chak Bakhtawar, Chak Budho, and Malka. It is situated at 32° 50' 17N 73° 56' 56E. It is part of Union council  Bhagwal.

Jhantla
Jhantla (IPA: [d͡ʒʱɑːnʈlɑː]) (Urdu: جھانٹلہ) is a village located in Kharian Tehsil, Gujrat District, in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is approximately 150 kilometers from Lahore, the provincial capital of Punjab, and 17 kilometers from Kharian city.

Jhantla is classified as a "populated place" by regional mapping standards.
North Dakota Fighting Hawks women's basketball
The North Dakota Fighting Hawks women's basketball team is part of the athletic program at the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks, North Dakota.  It is a member of the NCAA Division I Summit League; the 2019–20 season was their first in the new conference. Previously they played in Division I's Big Sky Conference and Division I's Great West Conference.

The first year the university fielded a women's team was in 1894. Since then, the women's team has appeared in 23 NCAA tournaments. The first Division I appearance was in 2014. With the exception of 1986, 1987, and 1989, the basketball team appeared in every NCAA Division II tournament from 1984 to 2007. Three of the Division II tournament appearances resulted in three consecutive Division II National Championships (1997, 1998, 1999).

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Cthulhu 2000
Cthulhu 2000: A Lovecraftian Anthology was edited by Jim Turner, first published by Arkham House in 1995 in an edition of 4,927 copies. As in his earlier collection, Turner criticizes the "latter-day Mythos pastiche" as simply "a banal modern horror story, preceded by the inevitable Necronomicon epigraph and indiscriminately interspersed with sesquipedalian deities, ichor-oozing tentacles, sundry eldritch abominations, and then the whole sorry mess rounded off with a cachinnating chorus of "Iä! Iä!"-chanting frogs." He declares that "the works collected in the present volume are not great Lovecraft stories; they rather are great stories in some way inspired by Lovecraft."

Interzone (magazine)
Interzone is a British fantasy and science fiction magazine. Published since 1982, Interzone is the eighth-longest-running English language science fiction magazine in history, and the longest-running British science fiction (SF) magazine. Stories published in Interzone have been finalists for the Hugo Awards and have won a Nebula Award and numerous British Science Fiction Awards.
Jacob Webb
Jacob Lawrence Webb (born August 15, 1993) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Chicago Cubs of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Angels, Baltimore Orioles, and Texas Rangers. He played college baseball at Tabor College and was selected by the Braves in the 18th round of the 2014 MLB draft.

Gwinnett Stripers
The Gwinnett Stripers are a Minor League Baseball team of the International League (IL) and the Triple-A affiliate of the Atlanta Braves. They play their home games at Coolray Field in unincorporated Gwinnett County, Georgia (with a Lawrenceville address) in suburban Atlanta, Georgia. They are named for striped bass in reference to the popularity of fishing in the region.

The team was established in 2009 after the International League's Richmond Braves relocated from Richmond, Virginia. Named the Gwinnett Braves after their major league affiliate, they adopted their current moniker in 2018. The Stripers moved from the IL to the Triple-A East in conjunction with MLB's restructuring of Minor League Baseball in 2021, but this league was renamed the International League in 2022.
Garfield Boulevard
Garfield Boulevard is an east-west street on the south side of Chicago and its immediate western suburbs.  Its western segment, entirely known as 55th Street, runs east from Maple Avenue in Downers Grove until it becomes Joliet Road in Countryside.  Its eastern segment, known only as Garfield Boulevard from Western Avenue in Gage Park to Elsworth Drive in Washington Park, runs east from Archer Avenue and Narragansett Avenue to South Shore Drive, just west of U.S. Route 41 (Lake Shore Drive).  All of the eastern segment of 55th Street lies within the city limits of Chicago.

Interstate 55 in Illinois
Interstate 55 (I-55) is a major north–south Interstate Highway in the US state of Illinois that connects St. Louis, Missouri, to the Chicago metropolitan area. It enters the state from Missouri near East St. Louis, Illinois, and runs to U.S. Route 41 (US 41, Lake Shore Drive) near Downtown Chicago, where the highway ends, a distance of 294.38 miles (473.76 km). The road also runs through the Illinois cities of Springfield, Bloomington, and Joliet. The section in Cook County is officially named the Stevenson Expressway for  the governor, and in DuPage County it's officially named the Joliet Freeway or the Will Rogers Freeway for the humorist. The section from the south suburbs to the area near Pontiac is officially named the Barack Obama Presidential Expressway after the president, who launched his political career from Illinois.
John Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer
John Poyntz Spencer, 5th Earl Spencer (27 October 1835 – 13 August 1910), known as Viscount Althorp from 1845 to 1857 (and also known as the "Red Earl" because of his distinctive long red beard), was a British Liberal Party politician under, and close friend of, prime minister William Ewart Gladstone. He was twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

Volunteer Force
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement throughout the British Empire in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the Territorial Force in 1908. Most of the regiments of the present Army Reserves  Infantry, Artillery, Engineers and Signals units are directly descended from Volunteer Force units.