hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward C. Oliver
Edward Carl Oliver (May 31, 1930 – June 6, 2022) was an American politician. He served in the Minnesota State Senate from 1993 to 2002. He was also a lawyer by profession.

Oliver was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota. He went to University of Minnesota. He served in the United States Air Force during the Korean War. He was also involved with the insurance business.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Aberdeenshire and District League
The Aberdeenshire and District League, usually known as the Aberdeenshire League, is a football tournament for clubs in membership of the Aberdeenshire and District Football Association. The clubs are drawn from the historic counties of Aberdeenshire and Banffshire. Historically, clubs from Moray and Angus also competed.

The competition began in 1919 as the North Eastern League and renamed in 1921. It ran until the end of season 1952–53 when it was disbanded due to clubs' priorities being primarily on the Highland League.

The league was revived in 1994 as an Under-21 league. Currently, teams are allowed to field three over-age players in their match squad.

Football team
A football team is a group of players selected to play together in the various team sports known as football. Such teams could be selected to play in a match against an opposing team, to represent a football club, group, state or nation, an all-star team or even selected as a hypothetical team (such as a dream team or team of the century) and never play an actual match.

The difference between a football team and a football club is incorporation, a football club is an entity which is formed and governed by a committee and has members which may consist of supporters in addition to players. The benefit of club formation is that it gives teams access to additional volunteer or paid support staff, facilities and equipment.
Poland national under-20 football team
The Poland national under-20 football team represents Poland in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by Polish Football Association, the governing body for football in Poland.

Czech Republic national under-19 football team
The Czech Republic national under-19 football team is the national under-19 football team of the Czech Republic and is controlled by the Football Association of the Czech Republic. The team competes in the UEFA European Under-19 Championship, held every year. As of June 2011, their biggest achievement is third place in the UEFA European Under-19 Championships, which they have achieved on three occasions: 2003, 2006 and 2008.
Irene B. Vogel
Irene B. Vogel (born 1952) is an American linguist, specializing in phonology. She is a professor in the University of Delaware Linguistics and Cognitive Science Department, best known for her work on the phonology-syntax interface.

Cognitive science
Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary, scientific study of the mind and its processes. It examines the nature, the tasks, and the functions of cognition (in a broad sense). Mental faculties of concern to cognitive scientists include perception, memory, attention, reasoning, language, and emotion. To understand these faculties, cognitive scientists borrow from fields such as psychology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. The typical analysis of cognitive science spans many levels of organization, from learning and decision-making to logic and planning; from neural circuitry to modular brain organization. One of the fundamental concepts of cognitive science is that "thinking can best be understood in terms of representational structures in the mind and computational procedures that operate on those structures."
The Argument (play)
The Argument is a 2016 play by the Scottish writer William Boyd. Its premiere production, directed by Anna Ledwich, ran at the Hampstead Theatre Downstairs in London from 3 March to 2 April 2016.

The playscript was published by Bloomsbury Publishing under its  Methuen Drama imprint in March 2016.

A & C Black
A & C Black is a British book publishing company, owned since 2002 by Bloomsbury Publishing. The company is noted for publishing Who's Who since 1849 and the Encyclopædia Britannica between 1827 and 1903. It offers a wide variety of books in fiction and nonfiction, and has published popular travel guides, novels, and science books.
BayTV
BayTV was a 24-hour regional cable news and sports channel that served the San Francisco Bay Area and operated from July 1994 to August 2001. It was originally owned as a joint venture between the locally based Chronicle Publishing Company (which owned a controlling 51% interest) and cable provider Tele-Communications, Inc. (which owned the remaining 49% share). Young Broadcasting acquired majority control of the channel after it acquired parent television station KRON-TV (channel 4) in November 1999, while TCI's interest transferred to AT&T Broadband upon its acquisition of TCI earlier that year.

The channel operated from KRON-TV's (now-former) studio facilities at 1001 Van Ness Avenue in the Western Addition neighborhood of San Francisco.

Tele-Communications Inc.
Tele-Communications, Inc. (TCI) was a cable television provider in the United States, and for most of its history was controlled by Bob Magness and John Malone.

The company was started in 1958 in Bozeman, Montana, as Western Microwave, Inc. and Community Television, Inc., two firms with common ownership. The companies merged in 1968 and operations moved to Denver, taking the name Tele-Communications Inc. It was the largest cable operator in the United States at one time.

After going public in 1970, the company grew rapidly, and became the top cable provider in the United States. After a failed merger attempt with Bell Atlantic in 1994, it was purchased in 1999 by AT&T, whose cable television assets in select markets were later acquired by Charter Communications, Cox Communications, and then Cablevision and Comcast Corporation.
Interleukin 36
Interleukin 36, or IL-36, is a group of cytokines in the IL-1 family with pro-inflammatory effects. The role of IL-36 in inflammatory diseases is under investigation.

There are four members of the IL-36 family which bind to the IL-36 receptor (IL1RL2/IL-1Rrp2/IL-36 receptor dimer) with varying affinities. IL36A, IL36B, and IL36G are IL-36 receptor agonists. IL36RA is an IL-36 receptor antagonist, inhibiting IL-36R signaling. The agonists are known to activate NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinases, Erk1/2 and JNK through IL-36R/IL-1RAcP, which targets the IL-8 promotor and results in IL-6 secretion and induces various proinflammatory mediators. Binding of the IL-36R agonists to IL-1Rrp2 recruits IL-1RAcP, activating the signaling pathway. IL-36Ra binds to IL-36R, preventing the recruitment of IL-1RAcP.

C-Jun N-terminal kinases
c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), were originally identified as kinases that bind and phosphorylate c-Jun on Ser-63 and Ser-73 within its transcriptional activation domain. They belong to the mitogen-activated protein kinase family, and are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet irradiation, heat shock, and osmotic shock. They also play a role in T cell differentiation and the cellular apoptosis pathway. Activation occurs through a dual phosphorylation of threonine (Thr) and tyrosine (Tyr) residues within a Thr-Pro-Tyr motif located in kinase subdomain VIII. Activation is carried out by two MAP kinase kinases, MKK4 and MKK7, and JNK can be inactivated by Ser/Thr and Tyr protein phosphatases. It has been suggested that this signaling pathway contributes to inflammatory responses in mammals and insects.
Oh Me Oh My (I'm a Fool for You Baby)
"Oh Me Oh My (I'm a Fool for You Baby)" is the title of a Top 30 hit single for Lulu which was recorded in September 1969 in the Muscle Shoals Sound Studio sessions for Lulu's Atco Records album debut New Routes. The song has been most notably remade by Aretha Franklin, The Raes, Buster Poindexter, Tina Arena, and Ronnie Spector on English Heart (2016).

Muscle Shoals Sound Studio
Muscle Shoals Sound Studio is an American recording studio in Sheffield, Alabama, formed in 1969 by four session musicians known as the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section. They had left nearby FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals to create their own recording facility.

They attracted noted artists from across the United States and Great Britain. Over the years, artists who recorded at Muscle Shoals Sound Studio included Wilson Pickett, Aretha Franklin, Etta James, Percy Sledge, the Rolling Stones, Duane Allman, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Joe Cocker, Levon Helm, Paul Simon, Bob Seger, Rod Stewart, Cat Stevens,  Bob Dylan, Jimmy Cliff, Cher, George Michael, and the Black Keys.
Izberbash
Izberbash (Russian: Изберба́ш; Dargwa: Избир; Kumyk: Йизбирба́ш, Yizbirbaş) is a town in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located on the coast of the Caspian Sea 56 kilometers (35 mi) southeast of Makhachkala, the capital of the republic. Population:  55,646 (2010 Census); 39,365 (2002 Census); 28,122 (1989 Soviet census).

Laks (Caucasus)
The Laks (self-designation: Лак, [Lak] ) are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group native to an inland region known as Lakia  within Dagestan in the North Caucasus. They speak the Lak language. Laks historically live in the Lakskiy and Kulinskiy districts of Dagestan. This ethnocultural area is known as Lakia. There are about 200,000 ethnic Laks in the world.
Cicindela lacrymosa
Cicindela lacrymosa is a species of tiger beetle. This species is found in the Philippines. This species is found in almost all lowland river systems in the Philippines.

Adults are rather small and have cupreous, greenish, or sometimes bluish elytra.

Elytron
An elytron (/ˈɛlɪtrɒn/; from Ancient Greek  ἔλυτρον (élutron) 'sheath, cover'; pl.: elytra,  /ˈɛlɪtrə/) is a modified, hardened forewing of beetles (Coleoptera), though a few of the true bugs (Hemiptera) such as the family Schizopteridae are extremely similar; in true bugs, the forewings are called hemelytra (sometimes alternatively spelled as "hemielytra"), and in most species only the basal half is thickened while the apex is membranous, but when they are entirely thickened the condition is referred to as "coleopteroid". An elytron is sometimes also referred to as a shard.
Jules Cazot
Jules-Théodore-Joseph Cazot (11 February 1821 – 27 November 1912) was a French politician of the French Third Republic. He was a member of the National Assembly of 1871. He was a senator for life from 1875 until his death. He was minister of justice in 1880 and 1881, under the governments of Jules Ferry and Léon Gambetta.

National Assembly (1871)
The National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was a French unicameral legislative body elected on 8 February 1871 in the wake of the Armistice of Versailles signed on 26 January 1871 at the end of the Franco-Prussian War. It sat in Bordeaux until 20 March 1871, when it moved to the Palace of Versailles near Paris. The cabinets which issued from it governed France from 19 February 1871 to 31 December 1875.
Lou Say
Louis I. Say (February 4, 1854 – June 5, 1930) was an American professional baseball player who played in seven seasons for the Baltimore Marylands, Baltimore Canaries and Washington Nationals of the National Association, the Cincinnati Reds of the National League, Philadelphia Athletics and Baltimore Orioles of the American Association, the Baltimore Monumentals and the Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association in the early days of Major League Baseball. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland and died in Fallston, Maryland at the age of 76.  He was the brother of Jimmy Say.

Say is the only player in baseball history to record more than 100 errors (102) in a season while playing in fewer than 100 games.

National Association of Professional Base Ball Players
The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), often known simply as the National Association (NA), was the first fully-professional sports league in baseball. The NA was founded in 1871 and continued through the 1875 season. It incorporated several professional clubs from the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) of 1857–1870, sometimes called "the amateur Association". In turn, several NA clubs created the succeeding National League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the National League, founded 1876), which joined with the American League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the American League, founded 1901) in the National Agreement of 1903, a "peace pact" that recognized each other as legitimate "major leagues". Following nearly a century of cooperation, the two leagues eventually merged into one organization in 2000 as Major League Baseball (MLB).
Siege of Gravelines
The Siege of Gravelines, May to July 1644, took place during the 1635–1659 Franco-Spanish War. A French army captured the port of Gravelines, then in the Spanish Netherlands, now the Pas-de-Calais region of northern France.

Siege operations began on 28 May 1644 and the town surrendered on 28 July. Recaptured by the Spanish in 1652, it changed hands again in 1658 before being ceded to France permanently in the 1659 Treaty of the Pyrenees.

Treaty of the Pyrenees
The Treaty of the Pyrenees was signed on 7 November 1659 and ended the Franco-Spanish War that had begun in 1635.

Negotiations were conducted and the treaty was signed on Pheasant Island, situated in the middle of the Bidasoa River on the border between the two countries, which has remained a French-Spanish condominium ever since. It was signed by Louis XIV of France and Philip IV of Spain, as well as their chief ministers, Cardinal Mazarin and Don Luis Méndez de Haro.
Ellaam Ninakku Vendi
Ellaam Ninakku Vendi is a 1981 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by J. Sasikumar and produced by T. E. Vasudevan. The film stars Prem Nazir, Srividya, Sukumaran and Sumalatha in the lead roles. The film has musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy. The film was a remake of Kannada film Devara Kannu originally based on a Bengali novel by Nihar Ranjan Gupta.

Srividya
Srividya (24 July 1953 – 19 October 2006), was an Indian actress best known for her work predominantly in Malayalam and Tamil films, along with a few Telugu, Kannada and Hindi films. In a career spanning for 40 years, she had acted in more than 800 films. In the latter part of her career, she concentrated on Malayalam films. In addition to acting, Srividya occasionally worked as a playback singer as well as carnatic singer. She was also a well-trained Bharathanatyam dancer. She was best known for restraint and subtlety in portrayal of varied emotions. She used her own voice for dubbing in almost all movies in all languages. She died in 2006 after battling metastatic breast cancer.
Carex muskingumensis
Carex muskingumensis is a species of sedge known by the common names Muskingum sedge and palm sedge. It is native primarily to the Midwestern United States where it is found in wet areas such as swamps, low woods, and sedge meadows. It is a fairly conservative species, usually being found in areas where native vegetation is intact.

Remnant natural area
A remnant natural area, also known as remnant habitat, is an ecological community containing native flora and fauna that has not been significantly disturbed by destructive activities such as agriculture, logging, pollution, development, fire suppression, or non-native species invasion. The more disturbed an area has been, the less characteristic it becomes of remnant habitat. Remnant areas are also described as "biologically intact" or "ecologically intact."

Remnant natural areas are often used as reference ecosystems in ecological restoration projects.
Masterkraft (producer)
Sunday Ginikachukwu Nweke (listenⓘ), known professionally as Masterkraft, is a Nigerian record producer, disc jockey, band director, pianist, and songwriter. He started his professional music career with Kennis Music, and has worked with artists such as Flavour N'abania, Bracket, Banky W., Sound Sultan, Timaya, Lynxxx, M.I and J. Martins, among others. His production hits include "Fine Lady" by Lynxxx (featuring Wizkid), "Kwarikwa (Remix)" by Flavour N'abania (featuring Fally Ipupa), "Girl" by Bracket (featuring Wizkid), "Chinny Baby" by Flavour N'abania, and "Jasi" by Banky W, among others.

Leadership newspaper ranked him 8th on its 2014 list of the Top 10 Music Producers in Nigeria. In August 2015, Nigeria Entertainment Today ranked him 7th on its list of Nigeria's Top 7 Biggest Music Producers at the Moment. Thisday newspaper listed him as one of its Top 10 Music Producers in Nigeria.

Sound Sultan
Sound Sultan (born Olanrewaju Abdul-Ganiu Fasasilistenⓘ; November 27, 1976 – July 11, 2021) was a Nigerian rapper, singer, songwriter, actor, comedian, and recording artist. He was regarded as one of the pacesetters of modern hip hop music in Nigeria. He was notable for using his music to speak against poverty, corruption, bad governance and societal ills in Nigeria.
Ann-Marie Williams
Ann-Marie Williams is a Belizean public policy advisor, administrator and former journalist. After spending over two decades as a reporter, Williams became the first Executive Director for the National Women's Commission of Belize. She serves as a governmental advisor to the legislature and executive on issues impacting women. She was honored with the US Secretary of State's Women in Public Service Award in 2011.

Radio Belize
The Broadcasting Corporation of Belize, otherwise known as Radio Belize (using the call-sign of VPM; no relation to the current VPM-FM), was a radio station in Belize that shut down in November 1998. Until the 1980s, it was Belize's only radio station.
Kossar's Bialys
Kossar's Bialys (Kossar's Bialystoker Kuchen Bakery) located at 367 Grand Street (and Essex Street), on the Lower East Side in Manhattan, New York City, is the oldest bialy bakery in the United States.

Bakery
A bakery (also known as a bakehouse, baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based baked goods made in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, doughnuts, bagels, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also categorized as cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises. In some countries, a distinction is made between bakeries, which primarily sell breads, and pâtisseries, which primarily sell sweet baked goods.
Borden-Kinkora
Borden-Kinkora (District 19) is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island, Canada.

The riding contains the rural southeastern portion of Prince County, running from the Wilmot River outside of Summerside in the west,  and extends into neighbouring Queens County to encompass the Crapaud and Victoria areas. Borden-Carleton, at the northern end of the Confederation Bridge is the riding's largest community.

Borden-Carleton
Borden-Carleton is a town in Prince County in the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island.  It is situated on the south shore fronting on the Northumberland Strait.  The town was originally incorporated as a community on April 12, 1995, through the amalgamation of the town of Borden and the community of Carleton.  The town of Borden opted to demote its status to a community in light of a declining tax base with the pending completion of the Confederation Bridge and the closure of the Marine Atlantic ferry service. Borden-Carleton became a town on July 31, 2012.
Binary Land
Binary Land (バイナリィランド, Bainarī Rando) is a puzzle video game developed by Hudson Soft in 1983 for the MSX, FM-7, PC-6001mkII, NEC PC-8801, Sharp MZ-2200, Sharp MZ-5500, Sharp X1 and in 1985 for the Famicom. The MSX version saw release in Japan by Hudson Soft and in Europe by Kuma Computers Ltd in 1984.

While the Famicom version has 99 levels, there is no ending screen implemented in the game.

Sharp X1
The X1 (エックスワン, Ekkusuwan), sometimes called the Sharp X1 or CZ-800C, is a series of home computers released by Sharp Corporation from 1982 to 1987. It is based on a Zilog Z80 CPU.

The RGB display monitor for the X1 had a television tuner, and a computer screen could be superimposed on TV. All the TV functions could be controlled from a computer program. The character font was completely programmable (PCG) with 4-bit color, and was effectively used in many games. The entirety of the VRAM memory was mapped on to the I/O area, so it was controlled without bank switching. These features made the X1 very powerful for game software.
Z11 (computer)
The Z11 was a computer, the first serially produced machine of the Zuse KG.

Weighing 800 kg (1,800 lb), in 1955 it was built with relays and stepwise relays. Beginning in 1957 the Z11 could be programmed by punched tapes.  It consumed 2 kW of electricity, and operated mechanically at a frequency of 10 to 20 Hz.  Both input and output were in decimal numbers, and it used floating-point arithmetic.

The Z11 was first presented on the Hannover Messe in 1957. Today the German Museum of Technology and the Museum of Technology in Vienna exhibit one of the surviving Z11s.

Vienna Museum of Science and Technology
The Vienna Museum of Science and Technology (German: Technisches Museum Wien) is a museum in Penzing, Vienna, Austria, on Mariahilfer Straße. The museum showcases the history and development of technology, industry, and science, with a focus on Austrian involvement. It houses numerous historical models, such as those from the fields of rail transport, shipbuilding, aviation, and industry, as well as one of the largest collections of historical musical instruments in Austria.
Kimsan Twins
Pol Kimsan (Khmer: ប៉ុល គឹមសាន; born 1984 in Kampot Province, Cambodia) and Sok Kimsan (សុខ គឹមសាន; born 1986 in Siem Reap province), together known as the Kimsan Twins, are Cambodian chefs and restaurateurs, executive chefs of the Angkor W Group of Restaurants. Despite their sobriquet and shared last name, they are not actually twins or even biologically related.

Restaurateur
A restaurateur is a person who opens and runs restaurants professionally. Although over time the term has come to describe any person who owns a restaurant, it traditionally refers to a highly skilled professional who is proficient in all aspects of the restaurant business.
Strabane Lifford Development Commission
Strabane Lifford Development Commission is a cross-border body in Ireland, to develop cultural and economic development ties between Strabane in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland and Lifford in County Donegal, Republic of Ireland, just across the border marked by the River Foyle.

In 2000 a sculpture group was erected at the border between Strabane and Lifford, close to the Lifford Bridge by Strabane Lifford Development Commission. Created by Maurice Harron, the bronze and stainless steel sculpture depicts a group of musicians and dancers, symbolizing the two uniting art forms of North and South Ireland.

Maurice Harron
Maurice Harron (born 1946) is an artist, educator and public sculptor from Derry, Northern Ireland. He was educated at St Columb's College and at the Ulster College of Art and Design in Belfast.

He has completed dozens of monuments in Ireland, the UK and in the USA.  Notable commissions include Reconciliation/Hands Across the Divide in Carlisle Square, Derry, Let the Dance Begin in Strabane, the Irish Famine Memorial on Cambridge Common, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Red Hugh O'Donnell in Roscommon, Grainne in Heritage Green park, Chicago and CS Lewis Square in Belfast.