hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nishio Tadateru
Nishio Tadateru (西尾 忠照, also Nishio Tadaakira) (1613 – December 4, 1654) was a daimyō of the early Edo period, Japan, who ruled Tsuchiura Domain in Hitachi Province and was subsequently transferred to Tanaka Domain in Suruga Province.  His courtesy title was Tangō no Kami.

Tanaka Domain
Tanaka Domain (田中藩, Tanaka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Suruga Province in what is now modern-day Fujieda, Shizuoka. It was centered around Tanaka Castle.  Tanaka Domain was controlled by a large number of fudai daimyō clans in the course of its history, seldom for more than one generation.
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of wood science and technology. It is published by Springer and the editors-in-chief are Klaus Richter and Jan-Willem van de Kuilen (Technical University of Munich). The journal was established in 1937.

Technical University of Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; German: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.

Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the university now has additional campuses in Garching, Freising, Heilbronn, Straubing, Ottobrunn, and Singapore, with the Garching campus being its largest. The university is organized into seven schools, and is supported by numerous research centers. It is one of the largest universities in Germany, with 51,954 students and an annual budget of €2,171.0 million including the university hospital.

A University of Excellence under the German Universities Excellence Initiative, TUM is among the leading universities in the European Union. Its researchers and alumni include 19 Nobel laureates and 26 Leibniz Prize winners.
Thymoquinone
Thymoquinone is a phytochemical compound found in the plant Nigella sativa. It is also found in select cultivated Monarda fistulosa plants, which can be steam distilled to produce an essential oil. Thymoquinone is also a major oxidation product of both thymol and its structural isomer, carvacrol.

It has been classified as a pan-assay interference compound, which binds indiscriminately to many proteins. It is under basic research to further identify its biological properties.

Basic research
Basic research, also called pure research, fundamental research, basic science, or pure science, is a type of scientific research with the aim of improving scientific theories for better understanding and prediction of natural or other phenomena.  In contrast, applied research uses scientific theories to develop technology or techniques, which can be used to intervene and alter natural or other phenomena. Though often driven simply by curiosity, basic research often fuels the technological innovations of applied science. The two aims are often practiced simultaneously in coordinated research and development.

In addition to innovations, basic research serves to provide insights and public support of nature, possibly improving conservation efforts. Technological innovations may influence engineering concepts, such as the beak of a kingfisher influencing the design of a high-speed bullet train.
Tellam Balaraju
Tellam Balaraju is an MLA of Polavaram Assembly Constituency in West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. Balaraju was first elected as an MLA from Polavaram during 2004 and later in 2009 elections and 2012 bypolls. Then he lost to Modiyam Srinivas of Telugu Desam Party in 2014. He was again elected as a Member of Legislative Assembly in 2019 on behalf of YSR Congress Party. He is one of the most popular leaders in the agency area. He got a record majority of more than 42,000 in the 2019 general assembly elections.

Polavaram Assembly constituency
Polavaram Assembly constituency is a Scheduled Tribe reserved constituency in Eluru district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Eluru Lok Sabha constituency.

Chirri Balaraju is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Jana Sena Party.  The constituency was established in 1955, as per the Delimitation Orders (1955).
Three Kings Monument
18°47′24.87″N 98°59′14.40″E﻿ / ﻿18.7902417°N 98.9873333°E﻿ / 18.7902417; 98.9873333

Three Kings Monument (Thai: พระบรมราชานุสาวรีย์สามกษัตริย์; Northern Thai: ᩋᨶᩩᩈᩣᩅᩁᩦ᩠ᨿ᩺ᩈᩣ᩠ᨾᩕᨠᨽᩢᩕᨲ) is a royal monument dedicated to Kings Mangrai, Ramkhamhaeng, and Ngam Mueang, considered the founding fathers of Lanna Kingdom. It is located in the center of Chiang Mai and was designed and cast by national artist Kaimook Chuto to commemorate the founding of the city. The monument was completed in 1983 and officially opened in 1984.

Mangrai
Mangrai (Northern Thai: ᨻᩕ᩠ᨿᩣᨾᩢ᩠ᨦᩁᩣ᩠ᨿ; Thai: มังราย; c. 1238–1311) was the 25th king of Ngoenyang (r. 1261–1292) and the first king of Lan Na (r. 1292–1311). He established a new city, Chiang Mai, as the capital of the Lan Na Kingdom (1296–1558).: 195
HKA test
The HKA Test, named after Richard R. Hudson, Martin Kreitman, and Montserrat Aguadé, is a statistical test used in genetics to evaluate the predictions of the Neutral Theory of molecular evolution. By comparing the polymorphism within each species and the divergence observed between two species at two or more loci, the test can determine whether the observed difference is likely due to neutral evolution or rather due to adaptive evolution. Developed in 1987, the HKA test is a precursor to the McDonald–Kreitman test, which was derived in 1991.  The HKA test is best used to look for balancing selection, recent selective sweeps or other variation-reducing forces.

Balancing selection
Balancing selection refers to a number of selective processes by which multiple alleles (different versions of a gene) are actively maintained in the gene pool of a population at frequencies larger than expected from genetic drift alone. Balancing selection is rare compared to purifying selection. It can occur by various mechanisms, in particular, when the heterozygotes for the alleles under consideration have a higher fitness than the homozygote. In this way genetic polymorphism is conserved.

Evidence for balancing selection can be found in the number of alleles in a population which are maintained above mutation rate frequencies. All modern research has shown that this significant genetic variation is ubiquitous in panmictic populations.

There are several mechanisms (which are not exclusive within any given population) by which balancing selection works to maintain polymorphism. The two major and most studied are heterozygote advantage and frequency-dependent selection.
Hergest Ridge (album)
Hergest Ridge is the second studio album by English musician and songwriter Mike Oldfield, released on 30 August 1974 by Virgin Records. The unexpected commercial and critical success of his debut album, Tubular Bells (1973), affected Oldfield, who decided against touring and avoided the press with his newfound fame. Instead, he retreated to Hergest Ridge on the England–Wales border and wrote the follow-up, which he recorded in 1974 at The Manor in Oxfordshire, with Tom Newman returning as co-producer. Similar to Oldfield's first, the album is a single composition split into two parts covering different moods and musical styles.

The album was No. 1 on the UK Albums Chart for three consecutive weeks before it was displaced by Tubular Bells, marking one of the few times an artist has overtaken themselves on the chart in this manner. In 2010, the album was reissued with new stereo and 5.1 surround sound mixes, bonus material, and new artwork.

Trevor Key
John Trevor Key (10 July 1947 – 6 December 1995) was a British photographer and designer, best known for his work for musical artists of the 1970s and 1980s. One of his best-known covers was for Mike Oldfield's 1973 debut album Tubular Bells. Other artists that he produced cover artwork for include Joy Division, Sex Pistols, Phil Collins, Roxy Music, Wham!, Can, China Crisis, System 7, Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, and New Order.

Key was also involved in logo design and was credited with designing the Virgin Group signature logo with Ray Kyte. Key was also associated with Peter Saville and Factory Records.

Key was married to Lesley and they had a child. He died of a brain tumour in December 1995.
David Terrazas Villegas
David Terrazas Villegas (14 December 1908 – 22 August 1955) was a Bolivian military officer who was Commanding General of the Bolivian Army during the last years of the so-called 'oligarchic republic'. Terrazas fought during the Chaco War, where he earned several promotions in rank. He was one of the few military personnel from Bolivia to actively participate in the Korean War, for which he received the Legion of Merit in 1951 for "for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services to the Government of the United States". Because of his political affiliations, he was exiled when the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement took power in 1952. Three years later, he was assassinated most likely because of his continued support for the opposition in Bolivia.

Revolutionary Nationalist Movement
The Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (Spanish: Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionarioⓘ, MNR) is a centre-right, conservative political party in Bolivia. It was the leading force behind the Bolivian National Revolution from 1952 to 1964. It influenced much of the country's history since 1941.
William R. Purcell
William Robert Purcell (born February 12, 1931, in Laurinburg, North Carolina) is a Democratic politician. He was a member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's twenty-fifth Senate district, including constituents in Anson, Richmond, Scotland and Stanly counties 1997–2013. Purcell served as a captain in the U.S. army medical corp in France from 1957 to 1959. Purcell then graduated from Davidson College and the University of North Carolina School of Medicine and was a pediatrician. Purcell served on the Laurinburg, North Carolina, city council and was mayor.

UNC School of Medicine
The University of North Carolina School of Medicine (UNC School of Medicine, UNC SOM) is the medical school of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Founded in 1879, it is one of the top-ranked medical schools in the US, received a Tier 1 ranking from U.S. News & World Report for both research (10th) and primary care (15th), and was ranked 23rd overall by Admit.org. The school is closely affiliated with UNC Health and UNC Medical Center, and serves as a major center for medical education, clinical care, and biomedical research in North Carolina.

The school offers a range of graduate and professional medical programs, including Doctor of Medicine (MD), combined MD/PhD, and combined MD/MPH degree programs, and academic health science programs including physical therapy, physician assistant, and clinical laboratory science.
Société du parler français au Canada
The Société du parler français au Canada (SPFC) ("French Speech in Canada Society") was a learned society that endeavoured to study the French language spoken in Canada in the course of the 20th century. Founded on February 18, 1902 by Adjutor Rivard and Stanislas-Alfred Lortie, two Université Laval professors, it made important contributions to lexicography in Quebec and Canada.

The SPFC ceased to exist in the 1960s. In 2002, the Université Laval, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi and Université de Sherbrooke marked the SPFC's 100th anniversary of foundation with a colloquium held at the Musée de la civilisation and presided by French linguist Bernard Quemada. The history of the SPFC was the object of a book by Quebec linguist Louis Mercier.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Óscar Gómez Barbero
Óscar Gómez Barbero (born June 28, 1961 in Bilbao, Spain) is the corporate director of Information Systems at RENFE, the Spanish state railways. He has been charged with the implementation of a €156 million four-year ICT (information and communication technology) modernization process to conclude in 2010.

Previously Gómez Barbero was a partner at PwC-IBM and a general manager of the Basque publicly owned railway corporation Euskotren. He is a graduate of the Jesuit University of Deusto and holds an MBA from the same institution.

He is married and has three children.

University of Deusto
The University of Deusto (Spanish: Universidad de Deusto; Basque: Deustuko Unibertsitatea) is a Spanish private university owned by the Society of Jesus, with campuses in Bilbao and San Sebastián, and the Deusto Business School branch in Madrid. The University of Deusto is the oldest private university in Spain.
2023 Torneig Internacional Els Gorchs – Doubles
Aliona Bolsova and Rebeka Masarova are the defending champions but Masarova chose not to participate. Bolsova played alongside Natela Dzalamidze, but lost in the semifinals to Gao Xinyu and Darja Semeņistaja.

Angelica Moratelli and Camilla Rosatello won the title, defeating Gao and Semeņistaja in the final, 4–6, 7–5, [10–6].

Camilla Rosatello
Camilla Rosatello (born 28 May 1995) is an Italian tennis player.

She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 225, achieved on 7 August 2017 and peaked at No. 72 in doubles on 27 May 2024. Rosatello has won two doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour along with one singles and 38 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

On the ITF Junior Circuit, she had a career-high combined ranking of No. 30, achieved in January 2013.

Rosatello has represented Italy in Fed Cup competition, where she has a win–loss record of 0–1 (as of March 2024).
Tubagus Hasanuddin
Tubagus Hasanuddin or known as TB Hasanuddin (born 8 September 1952) is an Indonesian politician and former Indonesian military officer (Army general) who has served as a member of the People's Representative Council of the PDI-P Faction between 2009 and 2018, and from 2019 to present.

Originating from Majalengka, Tubagus served in the Indonesian Army for over thirty years, working as adjutant or military secretary for four presidents before his retirement and entry into politics in 2009. He ran as a gubernatorial candidate in West Java's 2018 gubernatorial election, but he placed last.

President of Indonesia
The president of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Presiden Republik Indonesia) is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president is the leader of the executive branch of the Indonesian government and the commander-in-chief of the Indonesian National Armed Forces and the Indonesian National Police. Since 2004, the president and vice president have been directly elected to a five-year term, once renewable, allowing for a maximum of ten years in office.

The current president is Prabowo Subianto, who assumed office on 20 October 2024.
Decoupling of wages from productivity
The decoupling of median wages from productivity, sometimes known as the great decoupling, is the gap between the growth rate of median wages and the growth rate of GDP per person or productivity. Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee highlighted this problem toward the end of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century. This problem furthermore leads to wage stagnation for the median despite continued economic growth overall.  Mathematically, if inequality grows, then top incomes and total income can increase even if median income is relatively stagnant.

A number of causes have been hypothesized, including advances in technology (such as automation), globalization, self-employment and wage inequality. Some commentators argue that some or all of the Great Decoupling can be explained as the product of faulty assumptions about the underlying economics.

Erik Brynjolfsson
Erik Brynjolfsson is an American academic, author and inventor. He is the Jerry Yang and Akiko Yamazaki Professor and a Senior Fellow at Stanford University where he directs the Digital Economy Lab at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI, with appointments at SIEPR, the Stanford Department of Economics and the Stanford Graduate School of Business. He is also a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research and an author of several books. From 1990 to 2020, he was a professor at MIT.

Brynjolfsson contributes IT productivity research and work on the economics of information, the economics of AI, and the digital economy more generally. According to Martin Wolf, "No economist has done more to promote the revolutionary implications of information technology than MIT’s Erik Brynjolfsson."
Brigham City Fire Station/City Hall
The Brigham City Fire Station/City Hall, at 6 N. Main St. in Brigham City, Utah, was built in 1909.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

It was designed by architect Andrew Funk and was built as a fire station in 1909.  Its hose tower was designed to rise 70 feet (21 m).

It was remodelled in 1935 to serve as city offices, to design by Carson F. Wells.

Fire station
A fire station (also called a fire house, fire hall, firemen's hall, or engine house) is a structure or other area for storing firefighting apparatuses such as fire engines and related vehicles, personal protective equipment, fire hoses and other specialized equipment. Fire stations frequently contain working and living space for the firefighters and support staff.

In large U.S. cities, fire stations are often named for the primary fire companies and apparatus housed there, such as "Ladder 49". Other fire stations are named based on the settlement, neighborhood or street where they are located, or given a number.
1977 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament
The 1977 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 4–5 at the ISU Minidome at Idaho State University in Pocatello, Idaho.

Top-seeded Idaho State defeated Weber State in the championship game, 61–55, to clinch their first Big Sky men's basketball tournament.

The Bengals received an automatic bid to the 32-team NCAA tournament, hosted Long Beach State, and won. In Provo, Utah, they upset UCLA by a point, but lost to UNLV in the Elite Eight.

Idaho State University
Idaho State University (ISU) is a public research university in Pocatello, Idaho, United States. Founded in 1901 as the Academy of Idaho, Idaho State offers more than 250 programs at its main campus in Pocatello and locations in Meridian, Idaho Falls, and Twin Falls. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity
".

More than 12,000 students attend Idaho State, with 57 percent of enrollment female and 43 percent male. The student-teacher ratio at Idaho State is 13:1 and 58 percent of students take classes full-time.
Raoul Bedoc
Raoul Bedoc was a male French international table tennis player.

He won a bronze medal at the 1935 World Table Tennis Championships in the men's doubles with Daniel Guérin and the following year won another bronze at the 1936 World Table Tennis Championships in the men's team event.

In 1939 he won a third bronze at the 1939 World Table Tennis Championships in the men's doubles with Michel Haguenauer.

He was captain of the French Swaythling Cup team; the Men's team event. 
He was the 1934 French National champion in mixed doubles.

1935 World Table Tennis Championships
The 1935 World Table Tennis Championships were held at the Imperial Institute, South Kensington in London with the finals at the Wembley Sports Arena, from February 8 to February 16, 1935.

The championships attracted 19 countries and the finals attendance was in excess of 8,000.
2002 United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota
The 2002 U.S. House of Representatives election for the state of North Dakota's at-large congressional district was held November 5, 2002. The incumbent, Democratic-NPL Congressman Earl Pomeroy was re-elected to his sixth term, defeating Republican candidate Rick Clayburgh.

Only Pomeroy filed as a Dem-NPLer, and the endorsed Republican candidate was Rick Clayburgh, who was serving as the North Dakota State Tax Commissioner. Pomeroy and Clayburgh won the primary elections for their respective parties.

The election was the closest for Pomeroy in all of his career as congressman until his defeat in 2010; he won by just over 11,000 votes. This was because Clayburgh ran an aggressive campaign, and was the most well-known candidate ever to face Pomeroy; he had held a statewide office for 8 years. United States Vice President Dick Cheney campaigned for Clayburgh in Fargo, North Dakota on July 29.

North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party
The North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party (abbreviated Democratic-NPL or simply D-NPL) is the North Dakota affiliate of the national Democratic Party. It was formed by the 1956 merger of the state Democratic Party with the Nonpartisan League; the state previously had a three-party political system. The D-NPL is one of only two state Democratic Party affiliates to have a different name from the central party, the other being the neighboring Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.

The party holds 5 seats in the North Dakota Senate, and 11 seats in the North Dakota House of Representatives.
The Kwicky Koala Show
The Kwicky Koala Show is an animated television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and Hanna Barbera Pty, Ltd. that aired on Saturday-mornings on CBS from September 12 to December 26, 1981. The show is notable for being among cartoon director Tex Avery's final works; he died during production in 1980. As it was produced in Australia, the Cartoon Network and later Boomerang broadcasts were sourced from time-compressed PAL masters, rather than NTSC masters like many other Hanna-Barbera productions. Each segment has also been shown separately as filler between shows on Boomerang.

The Kwicky Koala Show contained four short segments: Kwicky Koala, The Bungle Brothers, Crazy Claws and Dirty Dawg.

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").