hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
China Northern Rare Earth
China Northern Rare Earth (Group) High-tech Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 中国北方稀土（集团）高科技股份有限公司), known as China Northern Rare Earth (Chinese: 北方稀土; pinyin: Běifāng Xītǔ) and abbreviated CNREG, is based in Baotou National Rare Earth High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China. The company's products include rare earth concentrate and highly processed rare earth products.

The company is listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Its CEO is Dianqing Zhao (赵殿清), and its general manager is Yedong Qu (瞿业栋).

In 2018, the company made a profit of 606 million RMB on revenue of 13.85 billion RMB.

Baotou
Baotou is the second-largest city by urban population in Inner Mongolia, China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, its built-up (or metro) area within its five urban districts is home to 2,261,089 people while the total population is 2,709,378 as of the 2020 census.

Baotou's southern border is delineated by the Yellow river. The city's namesake, literally translating to "place with deer", is Mongolian, bringing about the nickname of "Lucheng" (Chinese: 鹿城; pinyin: Lùchéng), meaning "City of Deer". Alternatively, Baotou is known as the "City of Steel in the Grasslands" (草原钢城; Cǎoyuán Gāngchéng), since steel was a major industry in the city which is built on the Mongolian grassland and contains a large grassland park. Today, Baotou mines and refines over half of the rare-earth minerals produced in the world. This has led to environmental contamination near the industrial sites.
Northern Pacific Railway Museum
The Northern Pacific Railway Museum is a railroad museum in Toppenish, Washington. It is located on 10 Asotin Av. and open between May and December.

In 1990 the ex-Northern Pacific Railway depot in Toppenish, WA, was leased and subsequently purchased from the Burlington Northern Railroad in 1993 for the museum.

In 1993 the 1902 Northern Pacific steam locomotive #1364 was leased, and restoration began. Currently the 1364 is being hydro-tested and upon passing at 200psi it will be fully steamed and certified under the FRA.  Present goal is to be operational by Christmas 2018.  In 2017 the Northern Pacific Railway Museum fully purchased the 1364 from the City of Tacoma and own a clear title to the engine.

Burlington Northern Railroad
The Burlington Northern Railroad (reporting mark BN) was an American–based class 1 railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads. Burlington Northern operated between March 2, 1970 and December 31, 1996.

Its historical lineage begins in the earliest days of railroading with the chartering in 1848 of the Chicago and Aurora Railroad, a direct ancestor line of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, which lends Burlington, from Burlington, Iowa, to the names of various merger-produced successors.

Burlington Northern acquired the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway on December 31, 1996, to form the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway (later renamed BNSF Railway), which was owned by the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation. That corporation was purchased in 2009 by Berkshire Hathaway, which is controlled by investor Warren Buffett.
Guttural
Guttural speech sounds are those with a primary place of articulation near the back of the oral cavity, where it is difficult to distinguish a sound's place of articulation and its phonation. In popular usage it is an imprecise term for sounds produced relatively far back in the vocal tract, such as the German ch or the Arabic ayin, but not simple glottal sounds like h. The term 'guttural language' is used for languages that have such sounds.

As a technical term used by phoneticians and phonologists, guttural has had various definitions. The concept always includes pharyngeal consonants, but may include velar, uvular or laryngeal consonants as well.
Guttural sounds are typically consonants, but murmured, pharyngealized, glottalized and strident vowels may be also considered guttural in nature.
Some phonologists argue that all post-velar sounds constitute a natural class.

Phone (phonetics)
In phonetics (a branch of linguistics), a phone is any distinct speech sound. It is any surface-level or unanalyzed sound of a language, the smallest identifiable unit occurring inside a stream of speech. In spoken human language, a phone is thus any vowel or consonant sound (or semivowel sound). In sign languages, a phone is the equivalent of a unit of gesture.
Sentosa Cove
Sentosa Cove is a residential enclave in the eastern part of Sentosa Island in Singapore, which is planned to include about 2,500 units when fully expanded. It is largely made up of reclaimed land. The master developer of the site was Sentosa Cove Pte. Ltd., a subsidiary of Sentosa Development Corporation, which purchased the site from the Singapore Land Authority for about S$800 million.

About 60% of property buyers in Sentosa Cove are foreigners. It is the only place in Singapore where foreigners are allowed to purchase landed homes. All residential properties in Sentosa Cove are leasehold titles subject to a 99-year lease.

Singapore dollar
The Singapore dollar (sign: S$; code: SGD) is the official currency of the Republic of Singapore. It is divided into 100 cents (Malay: sen, Chinese: 分; pinyin: fēn, Tamil: காசு, romanized: kācu). It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or S$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) issues the banknotes and coins of the Singapore dollar.

As of 2024, the Singapore dollar is the 13th most traded currency in the world. Apart from its use in Singapore, the Singapore dollar is also accepted as customary tender in Brunei according to the Currency Interchangeability Agreement between the Monetary Authority of Singapore and the Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam (Monetary Authority of Brunei Darussalam). Likewise, the Brunei dollar is also customarily accepted in Singapore.
2013 Iranian presidential election debates
The Iranian presidential election debates of 2013 was held from 31 May to 7 June. For the 2013 election, the IRIB has approved three televised debates with all candidates, different from last election's format which was person-by-person. For each question, one candidate was chosen randomly to give his response. Then, other candidates shared their ideas. The eight candidates have explained their cultural and political plans during debates. The debates were focused on such issues as the economy, foreign policy, and Iran's comprehensive talks with the P5+1 group (United Kingdom, China, France, Russia and the United States, plus Germany) over the country's nuclear energy program. More than 45,000,000 people world-wide watched the debates according to IRIB.

Mohammad Gharazi
Mohammad Gharazi (Persian: محمد غرضی, also spelled Mohammad Qarazi) is an Iranian politician who served as minister of petroleum from 1981 to 1985 and minister of post from 1985 to 1997. He was also a member of the Iranian Parliament from 1980 to 1984 and also governor of Khuzestan province. He was an independent candidate in the 2013 presidential election.
Disk covering problem
The disk covering problem asks for the smallest real number  such that  disks of radius  can be arranged in such a way as to cover the unit disk. Dually, for a given radius ε, one wishes to find the smallest integer n such that n disks of radius ε can cover the unit disk.

The best solutions known to date are as follows.

Disk (mathematics)
In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not.

For a radius , an open disk is usually denoted as , and a closed disk is . However in the field of topology the closed disk is usually denoted as , while the open disk is .
Stars of Erin GAA
Stars of Erin GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the Glencullen/Stepaside areas of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown within the traditional County Dublin.
Stars of Erin is famously known as the highest GAA Club & Pitch in Ireland in terms of altitude above Sea Level.

As of 25 June 2020, the club had around 400 members.

Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown (Irish: Dún Laoghaire–Ráth an Dúin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and the Eastern and Midland Region. It is one of three successor counties to County Dublin, which was disestablished in 1994. It is named after the former borough of Dún Laoghaire and the barony of Rathdown. Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 233,860 at the time of the 2022 census.
Smuka
Smuka (pronounced [ˈsmuːka]; in older sources also Smuk, German: Langenton or Langenthon, Gottscheerish: Zmuk) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. It was a village inhabited by Gottschee Germans. In 1941 at the beginning of the Second World War its original population was evicted. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. A cave known as Štavka or Štibloh (German: Stübloch) is located near the village, in the direction of Stari Log.

Gottscheerish
Gottscheerish (Göttscheabarisch, German: Gottscheerisch, Slovene: kočevarščina) is an Upper German dialect which was the main language of communication among the Gottscheers in the enclave of Gottschee, Slovenia, before 1941. It is occasionally referred to as Granish or Granisch in the United States (< German Krainisch 'Carniolan'), a term also used for Slovene.
CBC Calgary
CBC Calgary refers to:

CBR (AM) and CBR-1-FM, CBC Radio One on 1010 AM and 99.1 FM

CBR-FM, CBC Radio 2 on 102.1 FM

CBRT-DT, CBC Television on channel 9

SRC Calgary refers to:

CBRF-FM, Ici Radio-Canada Première on 103.9 FM, rebroadcasts CHFA

CBCX-FM, Ici Musique on 89.7 FM

CBRFT, Ici Radio-Canada Télé on channel 16, rebroadcasts CBXFT

Ici Musique
Ici Musique (stylized ICI Musique) is the French-language music radio service of Canada's national public broadcaster, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Société Radio-Canada). It is the French equivalent of the English CBC Music, although it has a different programming focus.
Philip Thresher
Philip Thresher (1 March 1844 – 11 April 1883) was an English first-class cricketer and barrister.

The son of The Reverend Philip Thresher senior, he was born in March 1844 at Hamble-le-Rice. He was educated at Winchester College, before matriculating to University College, Oxford. Thresher made his debut in first-class cricket for Hampshire against Surrey at Southampton in 1865. He played first-class cricket for Hampshire until 1869, making five appearances. He scored 93 runs in his five first-class matches, at an average of 11.62 and with a highest score of 47 not out. Thresher joined the West Kent Cricket Club in the late 1860s, an association which he would maintain until 1875 when he became stricken by ill-health. A student of the Inner Temple, he was called to the bar to practice as a barrister in 1868. Thresher died, unmarried, in April 1883 at Shepherd's Bush.

Hamble-le-Rice
Hamble-le-Rice, commonly known as Hamble, is a village and civil parish in the borough of Eastleigh, in Hampshire, England. It is best known for being a flying training centre during the Second World War and is a popular yachting location.  The village and the River Hamble also featured in the 1980s BBC television series Howards' Way. The village centre, known as The Square, Hamble, has a more traditional English village aesthetic which differentiates it from the small industrial areas (mostly marinas) close to the village. In 2011 it had a population of 4695.
Enrique Adolfo Jiménez
Enrique Adolfo Jiménez Brin (8 February 1888 – 28 April 1970) was President of Panama from 15 June 1945 to 7 August 1948, representing the National Liberal Party of Panama.

Jiménez Brin was appointed private secretary of President Belisario Porras Barahona at the age of 25, deputy Minister of State, president of the National Bank of Panama and ambassador of Panama to the United States at Washington, D.C., an important post due to the authority exercised by the U.S. over Panama due to its ownership of the Panama Canal.

He was elected the first presidential designate by the National Assembly for the 1924–1926 term and a second time for the 1934–1936 term.

In June 1945, he was appointed president of the Republic of Panama by the Constituent National Assembly, and remained in office until 7 August 1948.

National Liberal Party (Panama)
The National Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Nacional) was a liberal party in Panama. The party was an observer at Liberal International.

The party was formed in 1903 out of the Panamanian branch of the Colombian Liberal Party, shortly after Panama declared independence.

The PLN merged with Solidarity Party (Partido Solidaridad) to form the new Patriotic Union Party (Unión Patriótica) in 2009.
Ayikudi Balasubramanya Swami Temple
The Ayikudi Balasubramanya Swami Temple is a small Hindu temple in the village of Ayikudi, Thirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu, India. The temple is visited by pilgrims and tourists who come to visit Kutralam Falls, Kasi Vishwanathar Temple Tenkasi and Thiruchendur.

Tiruchendur
Tiruchendur (Tamil: Tiruccentūr [ˈt̪iɾɯtːʃen̪d̪uːr], also jayantipuram) is a municipality in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is home to the Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, one of the Six Abodes of Murugan.
Georgia State Route 231
State Route 231 (SR 231) is a 20.6-mile-long (33.2 km) north-south state highway in the central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It travels entirely within Washington County. It serves as a de facto bypass or alternate route for travelers who desired to bypass Sandersville.

Central Georgia
Central Georgia, also known as Middle Georgia, is an eleven-county region in the U.S. state of Georgia. It abuts the Atlanta metropolitan area, just to the north, and is anchored by both the Macon and Warner Robins metropolitan areas.
Velký Ratmírov
Velký Ratmírov (German: Groß Rammerschlag) is a municipality and village in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Velký Ratmírov lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-west of Jindřichův Hradec, 42 km (26 mi) north-east of České Budějovice, and 106 km (66 mi) south of Prague.

České Budějovice
České Budějovice (Czech: [ˈtʃɛskɛː ˈbuɟɛjovɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Budweis) is a city in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 97,000 inhabitants. The city is located in the valley of the Vltava River, at its confluence with the Malše.

České Budějovice is the largest city in the region and its political and commercial capital, the seat of the Diocese of České Budějovice and the University of South Bohemia. It is famous for the Budweiser Budvar Brewery. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Loan-out corporation
A loan-out corporation, also known as a loan-out company, or personal service corporation, is a form of US business entity in which the creator is an 'employee' whose services are loaned out by the corporate body. The creator of the corporation is typically the sole shareholder, and thus the corporation is used as a means to reduce their personal liability, protect their assets and exploit taxation advantages. Loan-Out corporations are especially prominent in the entertainment and professional sports industries, as the creator's services are typically performed on individual contract basis, and receive large, irregular sums of income throughout the year.

The corporate body is engaged by external third parties to fulfill services, rather than the individual directly. Consequently, it is the creator's loan-out corporation that is referred to and liable in contracts to perform the services required.

Personal service corporation
A personal service corporation is a company which, as the name suggests, provides personal services. These services span a wide variety of endeavors in many fields, and are specified for tax purposes in the United States by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). This type of corporation has some tax advantages, such as various tax-free fringe benefits, limited liability, and business deductions. For a corporation to be considered a personal service corporation by the IRS, the employee/owner must perform at least 20% of the personal services themselves, and must also own at least 10% of the outstanding stock in the testing period. An income test requires that employees must spend at least 95% of their work time on qualified services.
Lamy
C. Josef Lamy GmbH (/ˈlɑːmi, ˈlæmi/) is a German pen manufacturing company founded in 1930 by Josef Lamy, a former sales representative for Parker Pen.  The company acquired the Orthos pen manufacturer to begin production. Lamy offers a variety of writing products, including fountain pens.

Manfred Lamy, son of Josef Lamy, managed the company until his retirement in 2006. Bernhard M. Rösner then took over as CEO. Lamy's product range includes fountain pens, ballpoint pens, mechanical pencils, and ink.

In February 2024, Lamy was bought by the Japanese Mitsubishi Pencil Company.

Pen
A pen is a common writing instrument that applies ink to a surface, typically paper, for writing or drawing. Early pens such as reed pens, quill pens, dip pens and ruling pens held a small amount of ink on a nib or in a small void or cavity that had to be periodically recharged by dipping the tip of the pen into an inkwell. 
Today, such pens find only a small number of specialized uses, such as in illustration and calligraphy. Reed pens, quill pens and dip pens, which were used for writing, have been replaced by ballpoint pens, rollerball pens, fountain pens and felt or ceramic tip pens.

Ruling pens, which were used for technical drawing and cartography, have been replaced by technical pens such as the Rapidograph. All of these modern pens contain internal ink reservoirs, such that they do not need to be dipped in ink while writing.
Diary of a Wimpy Kid (2010 film)
Diary of a Wimpy Kid is a 2010 American comedy film directed by Thor Freudenthal, based on the 2007 novel. The film stars Zachary Gordon, Robert Capron, Rachael Harris and Steve Zahn.

The film was released in the United States on March 19, 2010, by 20th Century Fox. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $76 million against a $15 million budget.

The film spawned a franchise, including three live-action sequels and five animated features. A book detailing the film's creation process, The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary, was released in 2010.

Robert Capron
Robert Banfield Capron Jr. (born July 9, 1998) is an American actor. After making his film debut with a minor role in Bride Wars (2009), he received mainstream recognition for his starring role as Rowley Jefferson in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid film series (2010–2012).

Following Diary of a Wimpy Kid, Capron had a starring voice role in the animated film Tarzan (2013), and supporting roles in the films The Sorcerer's Apprentice (2010), Frankenweenie (2012), The Way, Way Back (2013), and The Polka King (2017). He also portrayed a young Curly Howard in the comedy film The Three Stooges (2012), and had a recurring role as Mason on the CBS television series Elementary (2014–2018).
Orene Farese
Orene Ellis Farese (May 20, 1916 – April 10, 2010) served in the Mississippi Senate. A Democrat, she served in 1956 and 1958. She lived in Ashland and represented Benton County. In 1998 she gave an oral history interview. Her husband, lawyer John B. Farese, was also a state legislator. They had four children.

She was born in Mathiston, Mississippi, She graduated from Blue Mountain College in 1938. She was a schoolteacher.

Ashland, Mississippi
Ashland is a town in Benton County, Mississippi, United States and the county seat. The population was 551 at the 2020 census, down from 569 at the 2010 census. Ashland was incorporated on March 8, 1871, and has a Mayor-Aldermen form of government.
Fly (pentop computer)
The Fly Pentop Computer and FLY Fusion Pentop Computer are personal electronics products manufactured by LeapFrog Enterprises Inc. They are called a "pentop" computer by its manufacturer, because they consist of a pen with a computer inside.

In 2009, LeapFrog discontinued both the manufacture and support of the device and all accessory products, such as notepads and ink refills which are required for continued use.  The inventor of the FLY Pentop, Jim Marggraff, left LeapFrog and founded Livescribe in January 2007.

Digital paper
Digital paper, also known as interactive paper, is patterned paper used in conjunction with a digital pen to create handwritten digital documents. The printed dot pattern identifies the position coordinates on the paper. The digital pen uses this pattern to store handwriting and upload it to a computer.
Mabel Wellington Jack
Mabel Wellington Jack (1899–1975) was an American printmaker. Many of her prints were published by the New York City Federal Art Project (WPA/FAP). Her work is included in the collections of the Baltimore Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Art, Washington, the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, and the Princeton University Art Museum.

Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum
The Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum is a presidential library in Hyde Park, New York. Located on the grounds of Springwood, the Roosevelt family estate, it holds the records of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States (1933–1945). The library was built under the President's personal direction in 1939–1940, and dedicated on June 30, 1941. It is the first presidential library in the United States and one of the thirteen presidential libraries under the auspices of the National Archives and Records Administration.
1954 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship
The 1954 All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship was the high point of the 1954 season in Camogie. The championship was won by Dublin who defeated first time finalists Derry by an 18-point margin in the final.

Camogie
Camogie (/kəˈmoʊɡi/ ⓘ kə-MOH-ghee; Irish: camógaíocht [kəˈmˠoːɡiːxt̪ˠ]) is an Irish stick-and-ball team sport played by women. It is played by 100,000 women in Ireland and worldwide, largely among Irish communities.

A variant of the game hurling (which is played by men only), it is organised by the Dublin-based Camogie Association (An Cumann Camógaíochta). The annual All Ireland Camogie Championship has a record attendance of 33,154, while average attendances in recent years are in the range of 15,000 to 18,000. The final is broadcast live, with a television audience of over 300,000.

UNESCO lists Camogie as an element of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The game is referred to in Waiting for Godot by Irish playwright Samuel Beckett and in 'Fair Play' a detective novel by Irish author Louise Hegarty.