hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bury Conference (1645)
The Bury Conference was held on 30 January, 1645 in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk by committeemen of the Eastern Association to discuss their concerns about the proposed New Model Army. The Eastern Association had provided a major portion of the Parliamentarian Army which had proved victorious at the Battle of Marston Moor in July 1644. However the new proposals for a professional national standing army distinct from the functions of civilian administration was at odds with use of trained bands with which the Eastern Association had played such a major role in meeting the military challenges of the Royalist Army.: 191

Trained band
Trained bands were companies of part-time militia in England, Wales and the Americas. First organized in the 16th century and dissolved in the 18th. The term was used after this time to describe the London militia.

In England and Wales, organised by county, they were supposed to drill on a regular basis, although this was rarely the case in practice. The regular army was formed from the Trained Bands in the event of war, though the inability or unwillingness of many of the bands to serve outside of their home regions often left the army short on manpower compared to the paper strength implied by the Trained Bands rolls. They later became common in the American colonies, where they are normally referred to as Trainbands. Similar organisations include the Dutch Schutterij, and the Swiss militia, elements of which remain in existence today.
Thomas Dalton (merchant)
Thomas Dalton (1516/17 – 4 January 1591), of Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire, was an English merchant and landowner who held a number of public offices in Kingston upon Hull.

He was a younger son of the merchant Thomas Dalton of Kingston-upon-Hull, who had been Mayor of Hull in 1547. Becoming a successful merchant, he invested heavily in land, buying manors both in his own right and jointly with others.

Dalton was appointed as Sheriff of Hull for 1550–51 and was Mayor for 1554–55, 1560–61, and 1569–70. In 1555 and 1572 he was elected as one of the two Members of the Parliament of England for the borough of Kingston upon Hull, a short commitment in the 16th century.

Dalton married twice; firstly Anne Walker, a widow, and secondly Anne, a daughter of Sir Robert Tyrwhitt, of Kettleby in Lincolnshire, with whom he had six sons and three daughters. On his death, he was buried at Holy Trinity church, Hull.

Kingston upon Hull (UK Parliament constituency)
Kingston upon Hull, often simply referred to as Hull, was a parliamentary constituency in Yorkshire, electing two members of parliament to the Parliaments of England, Great Britain and House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1305 until 1885. Its MPs included the anti-slavery campaigner, William Wilberforce, and the poet Andrew Marvell.
Gyrn Moelfre
Gyrn Moelfre is a mountain in Powys, mid-Wales, near the border with Shropshire. It stands to the south-east of the Berwyns, from which it is separated by Afon Ysgwennant. The village of Llansilin lies on its south-west slopes. It was historically in Denbighshire, but the area was transferred to Powys in 1996.

In the modern era, the "Gyrn" has played host to the British Downhill Series and some other smaller events on the downhill calendar. 
52°51′21″N 3°12′46″W﻿ / ﻿52.85576°N 3.21268°W﻿ / 52.85576; -3.21268

Berwyn range
The Berwyn range (Welsh: Y Berwyn or Mynydd y Berwyn) is an isolated and sparsely populated area of moorland in the northeast of Wales, roughly bounded by Llangollen in the northeast, Corwen in the northwest, Bala in the southwest, and Oswestry in the southeast.
Friedrich Wilhelm Niepelt
Friedrich Wilhelm Niepelt (10 November 1862 in Striegau – 26 May 1936) was a German entomologist specialising in Lepidoptera. Niepelt was an insect dealer in Zirlau (located near Świebodzice). He is commemorated with insects having the specific epithet of niepeltiana, an example being Phragmatobia niepeltiana, a moth species circumscribed by Embrik Strand in 1919.

Strzegom
Strzegom [ˈstʂɛɡɔm] (German: Striegau) is a town in Świdnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. It is the seat of the Gmina Strzegom administrative district (gmina).

Strzegom is one of the oldest towns in Lower Silesia, with a settlement dating back to Antiquity. In the Middle Ages Strzegom became the seat of a castellan and a centre for clothmaking, linen-making and brewing, and since the early modern period it became known for granite mining, to which it owes the title of the "capital of Polish granite". The town has a number of precious heritage sites, most notably the Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul, one of the most outstanding examples of Gothic architecture in Poland, listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.
Arrondissement of Romorantin-Lanthenay
The arrondissement of Romorantin-Lanthenay is an arrondissement of France in the Loir-et-Cher department, in the Centre-Val de Loire region. It has 74 communes. Its population is 110,000 (2021), and its area is 2,670.9 km2 (1,031.2 sq mi).

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire (/ˌvæl də ˈlwɑːr, ˌvɑːl-/; French pronunciation: [sɑ̃tʁ(ə) val də lwaʁ], lit. 'Centre-Loire Valley'), or simply Centre as it was known until 2015, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France. It straddles the middle Loire Valley in the interior of the country, encompassing six departments (Cher, Eure-et-Loir, Indre, Indre-et-Loire, Loir-et-Cher and Loiret), with a population of 2,572,853 as of 2018. Its prefecture is Orléans, and its largest city is Tours.
Mollah Jalaluddin Ahmed
Mollah Jalaluddin Ahmed (1 February 1926–18 December 1979) was a Bangladesh Awami League politician and lawyer. A member of Awami League, Ahmed served as the Minister of Land Revenue and Minister of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology of the Government of Bangladesh from 1973 to 1974 and 1972 to 1973 respectively. He was also elected to the parliament in 1973 and 1979.

Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology
The Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology (Bengali: ডাক, টেলিযোগাযোগ ও তথ্য প্রযুক্তি বিষয়ক মন্ত্রণালয়, romanized: Ḍāk, Ṭēliyōyōgājōg ō Tôthyo Projukti Biṣôẏôk Montronaloy) is a ministry of the Government of Bangladesh responsible for postal services, telecommunications policy and regulation, and the development and governance of information technology in the country.
Friedhelm Sack
Friedhelm Ferdinand Sack (born 30 May 1956 in Mariental) is a Namibian sport shooter. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics, 2000 Summer Olympics and 2004 Summer Olympics for his country. He is affiliated with the Windhoek Central Shooting Club.

Mariental, Namibia
Mariental is a town in south-central Namibia. It had 18,494  inhabitants in 2023. It is the administrative capital of the Hardap Region in an area which has long been a centre for the Nama people. It lies near the Hardap Dam, the second largest reservoir in Namibia.
MU90 Impact
The MU90 Impact is a Franco-Italian advanced lightweight anti-submarine torpedo of the third generation developed for the French and Italian navies, as well as for export. It is designed to outperform the United States-built Mark 54 in and was developed in a special MU90 Hard Kill version for anti-torpedo defence.  It is built by EuroTorp, a consortium of French and Italian companies.

Anti-submarine weapon
An anti-submarine weapon (ASW) is any one of a number of devices that are intended to act against a submarine and its crew, to destroy (sink) the vessel or reduce its capability as a weapon of war. In its simplest sense, an anti-submarine weapon is usually a projectile, missile or bomb that is optimized to destroy submarines.
The Birth of Venus (Gervex)
The Birth of Venus is a 1907 painting by the French artist Henri Gervex. It is now in the Petit Palais, in Paris. It depicts the Greek goddess Venus (Aphrodite) washed up to shore after her birth, when she had emerged from the sea fully-grown (called Venus Anadyomene and often depicted in art).

Petit Palais
The Petit Palais (French: [p(ə)ti palɛ]; English: Small Palace) is an art museum in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France.

Built for the 1900 Exposition Universelle ("universal exhibition"), it now houses the City of Paris Museum of Fine Arts (Musée des beaux-arts de la ville de Paris). The Petit Palais is located across from the Grand Palais on the former Avenue Nicolas II, today Avenue Winston-Churchill. The other façades of the building face the Seine and Avenue des Champs-Élysées.

The Petit Palais is one of fourteen museums of the City of Paris that have been incorporated since 1 January 2013 in the public corporation Paris Musées. It has been listed since 1975 as a monument historique by the Ministry of Culture.
Calegari
Calegari is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Calegari (1757–1828), Italian oratorio composer

Danny Calegari, mathematician

Francesco Antonio Calegari (1656–1742), Italian priest and composer

Frank Calegari, mathematician

Lucas Calegari (born 2002), Brazilian footballer

Luigi Antonio Calegari (1780–1849), Italian bel canto opera composer

Maria Calegari (born 1957), American ballet dancer

Maria Cattarina Calegari (1644–after 1675), Italian composer

Nínive Clements Calegari, United States teacher

Renzo Calegari (1933–2017), Italian comics artist

Santo Calegari (1662–1717), Italian sculptor

Stefania Calegari (born 1967), Italian ice dancer

Maria Cattarina Calegari
Cornelia Calegari [Maria Cattarina (also known as Maria Caterina)] (1644 – after 1675), was an Italian composer, singer, organist, and nun. She was revered for her singing talents in her home city and became a published composer in 1659, at the age of 15, with the release of her book of motets, Motetti à voce sola.
Avani Davda
Avani Davda was the first CEO at Tata Starbucks and at 33, the youngest CEO in the Tata Group. In 2014, she ranked 13 on 'The Most Innovative Women in Food and Drink' list in Fortune and Food & Wine.

She resigned from the role on 18 December 2015 being replaced by Sumi Ghosh. Now, she is the Managing Director of Godrej Nature's Basket.

Davda grew up in Mumbai and holds a bachelor’s degree from the H.R. College of Commerce and Economics and a master's degree in business administration from the Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies. Before her elevation to CEO, she worked at other Tata Group companies, including Tata Administrative Services, The Indian Hotels Company (Taj Hotels) and Infiniti Retail Ltd.

Food & Wine
Food & Wine is an American monthly magazine published by People Inc.. It was founded in 1978 by Ariane and Michael Batterberry.  It features recipes, cooking tips, travel information, restaurant reviews, chefs, wine pairings and seasonal/holiday content and has been credited by The New York Times with introducing the dining public to "Perrier, the purple Peruvian potato and Patagonian toothfish".

The premier event for the magazine is the Food & Wine Classic in Aspen, Colorado. The Classic features wine tasting, cooking demonstrations, and featured speakers as well as a cooking competition. Held annually in June, the event is considered the kickoff to the Aspen summer season and celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2023.

The winner of Top Chef, the reality television cooking competition, is featured in a spread in this magazine.
Kostas Antetokounmpo
Konstantinos Entoumpouisi  "Kostas" Antetokounmpo (born Konstantinos Ndubuisi Adetokunbo, November 20, 1997) is a Nigerian-Greek professional basketball player for Aris of the Greek Basketball League, on loan from Olympiacos.

Antetokounmpo played college basketball for the Dayton Flyers. He was drafted 60th overall by the Philadelphia 76ers in the 2018 NBA draft, and his draft rights were then traded to the Dallas Mavericks. He won an NBA championship with the Los Angeles Lakers in 2020.

His brothers Giannis, Thanasis and Alex are also professional basketball players, all for the Milwaukee Bucks.

Kostas, along with his brothers, Giannis, Thanasis and Alex, and hockey player Filip Forsberg, was announced as joining the Nashville SC ownership group in the MLS.

Nashville SC
Nashville Soccer Club is an American professional soccer club based in Nashville, Tennessee. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. The team spent two seasons in the USL Championship before joining MLS as an expansion team. The club plays its home matches at Geodis Park, the largest soccer-specific stadium in the United States. It is principally owned by John Ingram, owner of Ingram Industries, along with investors and partial owners the Turner family of Dollar General Stores.
Iron Curtain (football)
The Iron Curtain was the defensive line of Rangers F.C. during the late 1940s and early 1950s. The normal line-up in the early 1950s consisted of goalkeeper Bobby Brown, full backs George Young and Jock Shaw, centre half Willie Woodburn and wing halves Ian McColl and Sammy Cox. These positions refer to the old 3-2-5 formation, where the three defenders would mark the two opposing wingers and centre forward, while the wing-halves dealt with the opposing inside forwards. These direct match-ups meant that Rangers' Iron Curtain had several great confrontations with Hibs' Famous Five forward line of Gordon Smith, Bobby Johnstone, Lawrie Reilly, Eddie Turnbull and Willie Ormond.

The lineup in the mid-1940s of Jerry Dawson, Dougie Gray, Shaw, Scot Symon, Young and Cox was also commonly referred to as the Iron Curtain. This was done to the extent that most young people in Scotland would associate the term with Rangers, rather than the geopolitical situation.

George Young (Scottish footballer)
George Lewis Young (27 October 1922 – 10 January 1997) was a Scottish footballer who played as a defender. He is best remembered for his 16-year association with Rangers and for being the first player to receive more than 50 caps for the Scotland national team.
Ménager
Ménager is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrien Ménager (born 1991), French footballer

Constant Ménager (1889–1970), French road bicycle racer

Laurent Menager (1835–1902), Luxembourg composer, choirmaster, organist, and conductor

Laurent Menager
Laurent Menager (1835–1902) was a Luxembourgish composer, choirmaster, organist and conductor who is often referred to as Luxembourg's national composer. He founded the national choral association Sang a Klang (1857) and composed many songs, orchestral music and operettas as well as music for brass bands and the theatre.
Stagnation temperature
In thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, stagnation temperature is the temperature at a stagnation point in a fluid flow. At a stagnation point, the speed of the fluid is zero and all of the kinetic energy has been converted to internal energy and is added to the local static enthalpy. In both compressible and incompressible fluid flow, the stagnation temperature equals the total temperature at all points on the streamline leading to the stagnation point.: 657–659, §14.1  See gas dynamics.

Incompressible flow
In fluid mechanics, or more generally continuum mechanics, incompressible flow is a flow in which the material density does not vary over time. Equivalently, the divergence of an incompressible flow velocity is zero. Under certain conditions, the flow of compressible fluids can be modelled as incompressible flow to a good approximation.
Hôpital Sabah
Hôpital Sabah (English: Sabah Hospital) is a hospital in Nouakchott, Mauritania. It is located on the Avenue Gamal Abdel Nasser, adjacent (west) to the Grand National Hospital of Mauritania, opposite the Ministry of Energy headquarters and to the east of the Réserve naturelle de sel iodé.

The hospital is possibly associated with the National Cardiology Center. A medical organization Carrefour Sabah is located near where the Sabah Hospital is purported to be located and Carrefour Sabah also appears in connection with National Cardiology Center.

Ministry of Energy (Mauritania)
The Ministry of Energy is the national Ministry of Energy of Mauritania, located in Nouakchott. It is located on the corner of Avenue Gamal Abdel Nasser and the Nouadhibou Highway, near the Grand National Hospital of Mauritania.
Religion in the Republic of the Congo
Christianity is the predominant religion in the Republic of the Congo, with Catholicism being its largest denomination.

The Republic of the Congo is a secular state and freedom of religion is enshrined in the nation's constitution.

Secular state
A secular state is an idea pertaining to secularity, whereby a state is or purports to be officially neutral in matters of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion. A secular state claims to treat all its citizens equally regardless of religion, and claims to avoid preferential treatment for a citizen based on their religious beliefs, affiliation or lack of either over those with other profiles.

Although secular states have no state religion, the absence of an established state religion does not mean that a state is completely secular or egalitarian. For example, some states that describe themselves as secular have religious references in their national anthems and flags, laws that benefit one religion or another, or are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and of the International Religious Freedom or Belief Alliance.
Death in Norse paganism
Death in Norse paganism was associated with diverse customs and beliefs that varied with time, location and social group, and did not form a structured, uniform system. After the funeral, the individual could go to a range of afterlives including Valhalla (a hall ruled by Odin for the warrior elite who die in battle), Fólkvangr (ruled over by Freyja), Hel (a realm for those who die of natural causes), and living on physically in the landscape. These afterlives show blurred boundaries and exist alongside a number of minor afterlives that may have been significant in Nordic paganism. The dead were also seen as being able to bestow land fertility, often in return for votive offerings, and knowledge, either willingly or after coercion. Many of these beliefs and practices continued in altered forms after the Christianisation of the Germanic peoples in folk belief.

Folk belief
In folkloristics, folk belief or folk-belief is a broad genre of folklore that is often expressed in narratives, customs, rituals, foodways, proverbs, and rhymes. It also includes a wide variety of behaviors, expressions, and beliefs. Examples of concepts included in this genre are magic, popular belief, folk religion, planting signs, hoodoo, conjuration, charms, rootwork, taboos, old wives' tales, omens, portents, the supernatural and folk medicine.

Folk belief and associated behaviors are strongly evidenced among all elements of society, regardless of education level or income. In turn, folk belief is found in an agricultural, suburban, and urban environments alike.
2010 Women's Baseball World Cup
The 2010 Women's Baseball World Cup was an international baseball competition that was held in Venezuela from August 12 to August 22, 2010. Japan successfully defended their title from 2008, defeating Australia 13–3 in the final.

Japan women's national baseball team
The Japan women's national baseball team, also known as Madonna Japan (マドンナジャパン) or Samurai Japan (侍ジャパン) represents Japan in international women's baseball competitions. They are currently ranked first in the world by the World Baseball Softball Confederation.

The team won the 2024 Women's Baseball World Cup, their seventh consecutive title. The team won 39 consecutive games in the top international tournament from 2012 to 2024. Japan has also won all three continental Women's Asian Cups, held from 2017 to 2023.

Since 2008, the Japanese woman team's nickname is Madonna Japan. The team also shares the Samurai Japan nickname with the men's national team.
Mysterious Monkeys
"Mysterious Monkeys" is the third episode of the first season of the American black comedy drama anthology television series The White Lotus. The episode was written and directed by series creator Mike White. It originally aired on HBO on July 25, 2021.

The series follows the guests and employees of the fictional White Lotus resort chain. The season is set on Maui, and follows two couples, the Pattons and the Mossbachers, along with a woman named Tanya, as they each have different conflicts during their stay. In the episode, Mark is distraught over his father's revelation, while Armond sabotages Shane's plan for a romantic dinner with Rachel.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 0.478 million household viewers and gained a 0.1 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised the humor and performances, but criticized the lack of progress in the main death mystery.

The White Lotus season 1
The first season of The White Lotus, an American satirical comedy drama anthology television series created, written, and directed by Mike White, premiered on HBO on July 11, 2021. The season was greenlit in October 2020 as a limited series, filmed in Hawaii in late 2020, and has an ensemble cast of Murray Bartlett, Connie Britton, Jennifer Coolidge, Alexandra Daddario, Fred Hechinger, Jake Lacy, Brittany O'Grady, Natasha Rothwell, Sydney Sweeney, Steve Zahn, and Molly Shannon. The season has six episodes, and follows the lives of the staff and wealthy guests at a tropical resort in Hawaii.

The season received critical acclaim: eleven nominations at the 74th Primetime Emmy Awards and nine at the Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards, resulting in ten wins across both ceremonies. Despite being developed as a limited series, on August 10, 2021, HBO renewed it for a second season, making it an anthology series. The second season premiered on October 30, 2022.
Castlestrange Stone
The Castlestrange stone is located in the grounds of "Castlestrange House" near Athleague in County Roscommon, Ireland. It is a granite boulder decorated with flowing spirals in the La Tène style, dating from the Iron Age period between 300 BC and 100 AD.

Only three other stones of this type have been found in Ireland, the Turoe Stone in County Galway, the Killycluggin Stone in County Cavan and the Derrykeighan Stone in County Antrim. All four stones lie on roughly the same line connecting them on a map of Ireland. The use of the stones is not known but it is assumed they served some religious or ritual purpose.

The stone is a protected National Monument.

Athleague
Athleague (Irish: Áth Liag (na Sioca), meaning 'ford of the flagstones') is a village and a parish in the Diocese of Elphin on the River Suck in the west of Ireland in County Roscommon, near the town of Roscommon. The village is in a townland and civil parish of the same name. As of the 2022 census, the village population was 296. The village is 8 km south-west of Roscommon town, at the junction of the N63 national route and the R362 regional road. The R357 leaves the N63 south of the village. The town has a mill and a restored church. The church is the local parish for the surrounding towns.
Carol Stronghilos
Carol Stronghilos (June 18, 1925 - October 3, 2010) was an American artist. In 1979, Stronghilos co-founded the New York Feminist Art Institute.

She has exhibited her paintings at the Whitney Museum, the Aldrich Museum, the Newark Museum and the Brooklyn Museum.

The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum
The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum is located in Ridgefield, Connecticut. The Aldrich has no permanent collection and is the only museum in Connecticut that is dedicated solely to the exhibition of contemporary art. The museum presents the first solo museum exhibitions by emerging artists, significant exhibitions of established and mid-career artists whose work is under recognized, thematic group exhibitions exploring topics in contemporary art and society, and newly commissioned work.