hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dulwich and West Norwood
Dulwich and West Norwood /ˈdʌlɪtʃ ... ˈnɔːwʊd/ is a constituency in South London created in 1997. It has been represented by Helen Hayes of Labour since her election in 2015.

In the 2016 EU referendum, Dulwich and West Norwood voted to remain in the European Union by an estimated 78%. This was the third highest proportion in the UK, behind Gibraltar and the neighbouring constituency of Vauxhall.

Gipsy Hill (ward)
Gipsy Hill is an electoral ward in the London Borough of Lambeth, England. The ward has existed since 1978 and was first used in the 1978 elections. Since 2022 it has returned two councillors to Lambeth London Borough Council and from 1978 to 2022 returned three councillors.
National personal autonomy
National personal autonomy is one form of non-territorial autonomy that grew out of autonomy ideas developed by Austromarxist thinkers.

One of these theorists was Otto Bauer who published his view of national personal autonomy in his 1907 book Die Nationalitätenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie (The Nationalities Question and Social Democracy) was seen by him a way of gathering the geographically divided members of the same nation to "organize nations not in territorial bodies but in simple association of persons", thus radically disjoining the nation from the territory and making of the nation a non-territorial association. The other ideological founders of the concept were another Austromarxist, Karl Renner, in his 1899 essay Staat und Nation (State and Nation), and the Jewish Labour Bundist Vladimir Medem, in his 1904 essay Di sotsial-demokratie un di natsionale frage (Social Democracy and the National Question).

Territory
A territory is an area of land, sea, or space, belonging or connected to a particular country, person, or animal.

In international politics, a territory is usually a geographic area which has not been granted the powers of self-government, i.e. an area that is under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state.

As a subdivision, a territory in most countries is an organized division of an area that is controlled by a country but is not formally developed into, or incorporated into, a political unit of that country, which political units are of equal status to one another and are often referred to by words such as "provinces", "regions", or "states". In its narrower sense, it is "a geographic region, such as a colonial possession, that is dependent on an external government."
Swann (film)
Swann is a 1996 Canadian drama film directed by Anna Benson Gyles and starring Miranda Richardson and Brenda Fricker. The film is an adaptation of the Carol Shields novel Swann: A Mystery, which was itself inspired by the real-life murder of poet Pat Lowther.

The film premiered as a gala at the 1996 Toronto International Film Festival.

1996 Toronto International Film Festival
The 21st Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 5 and September 14, 1996. The festival opened with the film Fly Away Home, and closed with That Thing You Do!.

This year's festival marked significant changes in the programming streams, including The Edge, Asian Horizons and Latin American Panorama being merged into Contemporary World Cinema, and First Cinema being discontinued with first films instead appearing under Contemporary World Cinema, Real to Reel and Discovery. The Dialogues series, which had been introduced the previous year as a special event, was turned into a permanent program.
Lü Yi (badminton)
Lü Yi (Chinese: 吕轶; born 30 April 1985) is a badminton player from the People's Republic of China. He entered the national second team in 2002, and was promoted to the first team in 2006. He was part of the national junior team that won the gold medal at the 2002 World Junior Championships. In the individual events, he was the champions at the 2007 Austrian International, Bitburger Open, and Russian Open.

Lü graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree at the Beijing Capital Normal University in 2007, and now works as a teacher in University of International Business and Economics.

Hylo Open
The Hylo Open, formerly known as the BMW Badminton Cup, BMW Open International, Bitburger Masters, Bitburger Open and SaarLorLux Open, is an international badminton tournament held at the Saarlandhalle in Saarbrücken, Germany, since 1988. It was sponsored by the German automobile company BMW and German pilsner beer brewery Bitburger; since 2021, it is sponsored by Saarbrücken-based eye lubrication company Hylo.

In 2018, this event was selected as part of the BWF Tour Super 100. In 2021, the tournament was upgraded to Super 500 category tournament and was renamed the Hylo Open, before being downgraded to Super 300 the next year. On 31 March 2025, the tournament was elevated back to Super 500 status for the 2025 and 2026 seasons following the Canada Open's demotion to Super 300 level.
Harry Cunningham (baseball)
Harry Cunningham was a Negro league pitcher in the 1930s.

Cunningham made his Negro leagues debut in 1930 with the Memphis Red Sox. He played with Memphis through 1932, and made a brief appearance for the club again in 1937.

Memphis Red Sox
The Memphis Red Sox were an American Negro league baseball team that was active from 1920 to 1959. Originally named the Barber College Baseball Club, the team was initially owned and operated by Arthur P. Martin, a local Memphis barber. In the late 1920s the Martin brothers, all three Memphis doctors and businessmen, purchased the Red Sox. J. B. Martin, W. S. Martin, and B. B. Martin, would retain control of the club till its dissolution in 1959. The Red Sox played as members, at various times, of the Negro Southern League, Negro National League, and Negro American League. The team was never a titan of the Negro leagues like wealthier teams in northern cities of the United States, but sound management led to a continuous thirty-nine years of operation, a span that was exceeded by very few other teams. Following integration the team had five players that would eventually make the rosters of Major League Baseball teams and two players that were inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Stigmella gimmonella
Stigmella gimmonella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is only known from Hokkaido in Japan.

Adults are on wing from July to August and from May to June. There are probably two generations per year.

The larvae feed on Ulmus laciniata and Ulmus davidiana var. japonica. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Ulmus davidiana var. japonica
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, the Japanese elm, is one of the larger and more graceful Asiatic elms, endemic to much of continental northeast Asia and Japan, where it grows in swamp forest on young alluvial soils, although much of this habitat has now been lost to intensive rice cultivation.
Prehistoric Caucasus
The Caucasus region, on the gateway between Southwest Asia and Europe, plays a pivotal role in the peopling of Eurasia,
possibly as early as during the Homo erectus expansion to Eurasia, 
in the Upper Paleolithic peopling of Europe, 
and again in the re-peopling Mesolithic Europe following the Last Glacial Maximum, and in the expansion associated with the Neolithic Revolution.

Koban culture
The Koban culture or Kuban culture (c. 1200 to 350 BC), is a late Bronze Age and Iron Age culture of the northern and central Caucasus. It is succeeded by the Colchian culture of the western Caucasus and the Kharachoi culture further east.

It is named after the village of Koban, Northern Ossetia, where in 1869 battle-axes, daggers, decorative items and other objects were discovered in a kurgan. Later, further sites were uncovered in the central Caucasus.
Fluorescamine
Fluorescamine is a spiro compound that is not fluorescent itself,  but reacts with primary amines to form highly fluorescent products, i.e. it is fluorogenic. It hence has been used as a reagent for the detection of amines and peptides. 1-100 μg of protein and down to 10 pg of protein can be detected. Once bound to protein the excitation wavelength is 381 nm (near ultraviolet) and the emission wavelength is 470 nm (blue). This method is found to suffer from high blanks resulting from a high rate of hydrolysis due to requiring a large excess concentration. Alternative methods are based on ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA), Ellman's reagent (DTNB), or epicocconone.

Epicocconone
Epicocconone is a long Stokes' shift fluorogenic natural product found in the fungus Epicoccum nigrum.  Though weakly fluorescent in water (green emission, 520 nm)  it reacts covalently yet reversibly with primary amines such as those in proteins to yield a product with a strong orange-red emission (610 nm). Epicoconone is notable because it the first covalent/reversible/turn-on fluorophore to be discovered and is a natural product with a new fluorescent scaffold. It is also cell membrane permeable, unlike many other fluorophores, and subsequently can be used in in vivo (live cell) applications. Additionally, this dye can be used as a sensitive total protein stain for 1D and 2D electrophoresis, quantitative determination of protein concentration, making it a powerful loading control for Western blots.
Springfield (CDP), New Jersey
Springfield is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the downtown area of Springfield Township, Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The CDP is bordered by Interstate 78 to the north, state route 577 and Meisel Avenue to the east, Cottage Lane to the south, Milltown Road, South Springfield Avenue, and Shunpike Road to the southwest, and Mountain Avenue, Caldwell Place, and Morris Avenue to the west. Morris Avenue is the main street through the downtown, leading southeast as New Jersey Route 82, 6 miles (10 km) to Elizabeth, and northwest as Route 124, 1.5 miles (2 km) to the Summit city limits.

Elizabeth, New Jersey
Elizabeth is a city in and the county seat of Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city retained its ranking as the state's fourth-most-populous city behind neighboring Newark, Jersey City and Paterson, with a population of 137,298, an increase of 12,329 (+9.9%) from the 2010 census count of 124,969, which in turn reflected an increase of 4,401 (3.7%) from the 120,568 counted in the 2000 census.

The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 140,413 for 2024, making it the 201st-most populous city in the nation and the fifth-most populous municipality of any type in the state, falling behind Lakewood Township.
Schneider's Anti-Noise Crusade
Schneider's Anti-Noise Crusade is a 1909 American silent film comedy written and directed by D. W. Griffith, produced by the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company in New York City, and co-starring John R. Cumpson and Florence Lawrence. At its release in April 1909, the short was distributed to theaters on a "split reel", which was a single reel that accommodated more than one film. This short shared its reel with another Biograph comedy directed by Griffith, A Rude Hostess.

Original contact-print paper rolls of both motion pictures, as well as projectable safety-stock copies of them, are preserved in the Library of Congress.

Biograph Company
The Biograph Company, also known as the American Mutoscope and Biograph Company, was a motion picture company founded in 1895 and active until 1916. It was the first company in the United States devoted entirely to film production and exhibition, and for two decades was one of the most prolific, releasing over 3000 short films and 12 feature films. During the height of silent film as a medium, Biograph was the most prominent American film studio and one of the most respected and influential studios worldwide, only rivaled by Germany's UFA, Sweden's Svensk Filmindustri and France's Pathé. The company was home to pioneering director D. W. Griffith and such actors as Mary Pickford, Lillian Gish, and Lionel Barrymore.
Bisenzio (river)
The Bisenzio (Italian pronunciation: [biˈzɛntsjo]), archaically also Bisenzo, is a 49-kilometer-long river in the municipality of Cantagallo. It flows into the Arno river in Signa (Florence). It flows through the city of Prato and the Santa Lucia weir and the hydroelectric dam in Madonna della Tosse.

Signa
Signa (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsiɲɲa]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Florence.

Signa borders the following municipalities: Campi Bisenzio, Carmignano, Lastra a Signa, Poggio a Caiano, Scandicci.
Penguin Group (USA) Inc. v. American Buddha
Penguin Group (USA) Inc. v. American Buddha, 640 F.3d 497 (2d Cir. 2011), was a case in which United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the decision of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, which had granted American Buddha's motion to dismiss Penguin Group (USA) Inc. ("Penguin")'s copyright infringement action for lack of personal jurisdiction. The appellate court remanded the case for further proceedings.

New York Court of Appeals
The New York Court of Appeals is the highest court in the Unified Court System of the State of New York. It consists of seven judges: the chief judge and six associate judges, who are appointed by the governor and confirmed by the state senate to 14-year terms. The chief judge of the Court of Appeals also heads administration of the state's court system, and thus is also known as the chief judge of the State of New York. The Court of Appeals was founded in 1847 and is located in the New York Court of Appeals Building in Albany, New York.
Donald Collins (Maine politician)
Donald Frederick Collins (November 30, 1925 – March 10, 2018) was an American politician from Maine. Collins, a Republican from Caribou, Aroostook County, served 5 terms in the Maine Legislature between 1970 and 1992. He also served as mayor of Caribou.

In 1970, Collins was elected to the Maine House of Representatives, and served a single term. In 1976, Collins was elected to his first, two-year term in the Maine Senate. Running again in 1986, Collins was re-elected, serving three more terms in the Maine Senate, retiring in 1992 from elected office.

Maine Republican Party
The Maine Republican Party is an affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Maine. It was founded in Strong, Maine, on August 7, 1854. The party currently does not control the governor's office or either chamber of the Maine Legislature, nor either of Maine's two U.S. House. The only federal elected office that the party controls is one of Maine's two U.S. Senate seats, currently held by Susan Collins.
Bilaspuri
Bilaspuri (Himachali Takri: 𑚠𑚮𑚥𑚭𑚨𑚞𑚱𑚤𑚯), or Kahluri (Takri:𑚊𑚩𑚥𑚱𑚤𑚯) is a Western Pahari language spoken in northern India, predominantly in the Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh. It is associated with the people of the former princely state of Bilaspur in the Hills State.

Bilaspuri is classified as one of the varieties of the Himachali language group. According to the 2011 Census, the speakers of Bilaspuri/Kahluri are 295,805.

The dialect of the hilly part of Hoshiarpur district is also known as Pahāṛī (Takri: 𑚞𑚩𑚭𑚪𑚯).

Arki, India
Arki is a town, tehsil and Nagar panchayat in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh, India. The town is known for its fort built in the late 18th century when Arki was the capital of the erstwhile princely hill state of Baghal.
First government of Emiliano García-Page
The First García-Page Government was the regional government of Castilla–La Mancha, formed in July 2015 and led by Emiliano García-Page (PSOE), who took possession as President of the Junta of Communities of Castilla–La Mancha on 4 July. The ministers ("consejeros") assumed office on 9 July. Two Podemos ministers entered the council of government in August 2017.

Aside from the president and his ministers, the director of the Woman Institute Araceli Martínez and the spokesperson Nacho Hernando (without rank of regional minister) also meet at the council of government. The members of the cabinet served in acting capacity since the May 2019 regional election until the formation a new government presided again by García-Page in July 2019.

Regional Government of Castilla–La Mancha
The Regional Government of Castilla–La Mancha (Spanish: Junta de Comunidades de Castilla–La Mancha) is the institution whereby the government of the autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha, Spain, is organized. It is integrated by the:

Cortes of Castilla–La Mancha (the parliament)

the President of Castile–La Mancha; and

the Council of Government (the executive).

The Cortes of Castilla–La Mancha are the legislative assembly of the autonomous community, in charge of creating legislation and appointing or dismissing the President of the Regional Government. The President is the representative of the autonomous community, usually the leader of the party or coalition with the majority of seats in the assembly. The President heads the Council of Government, the organization in charge of the executive branch of government. It is integrated by several councilors appointed by the President.
Malaysia women's national under-20 football team
The Malaysia women's national under-20 football team represents Malaysia in international women's youth football. The team is controlled by the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM), the governing body for football in Malaysia. The team also serves as the women's national under-19 football team of Malaysia.

The team takes part in competitions such as the ASEAN U-19 Women's Championship, AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup, and FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, as well as any other under-20 international football tournaments.

Football in Malaysia
Football is the most popular sport in Malaysia, where it is governed by the Football Association of Malaysia. According to a Nielsen survey, approximately 53% of the people in Malaysia are football fans.

In 1997, Malaysia hosted the FIFA U-20 World Cup, also known as the FIFA World Youth Championship during that time. In 2007, Malaysia co-hosted the Asian Cup 2007 with three other countries.
Bayocean, Oregon
Bayocean was a community in Tillamook County, Oregon, United States. Sometimes known as "the town that fell into the sea", it was a planned resort community founded in 1906 on Tillamook Spit, a small stretch of land that forms one wall of Tillamook Bay.

Bayocean's post office was established on February 4, 1909, and by 1914, the town's population was 2,000. Only a few decades later however, Bayocean had become a ghost town, having had many of its attractions destroyed by "man-induced" coastal erosion. The town's unforeseen destruction is believed by many to have been caused by the residents themselves.

Planned community
A planned community, planned city, planned town, or planned settlement is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve organically.

The term new town refers to planned communities of the new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom. It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on the ruins of earlier Native American villages.

A model city is a type of planned city designed to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1854.
Santa Maria (building)
The Santa Maria is a residential skyscraper in the City of Miami, Florida, United States. The building is located in the city's Brickell neighborhood, south of Downtown. The building has 51 floors and is 520 feet (160 m) tall. The address is 1643 Brickell Avenue. The building is just a short distance from the Brickell Financial District.  The building was completed in 1997, before the most recent major building booms in Miami began in the 2000s and again since 2012.

Brickell Avenue
Brickell Avenue is a north–south road that is part of U.S. Route 1, in Miami, Florida, and is 1.9 miles southeast of the Miami River. North of the Brickell Avenue Bridge, U.S. Route 1 is known as Biscayne Boulevard. Brickell Avenue is the main road through the Brickell financial district of Downtown Miami and is considered the Park Avenue of Florida. Brickell Avenue is lined with high-rise office buildings and residential condominiums, as well as many banks and restaurants. It is also famed for "Millionaire Row's" home to a cluster of Miami's most expensive residences.

It is a grid plan main north–south thoroughfare through the south part of Miami's central business district.
William Badger Tibbits
William Badger Tibbits (March 31, 1837 – February 10, 1880) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He raised a company of infantry in the 2nd New York Infantry, and led it as captain, and later major, till 1863, when he was authorized to raise and lead a regiment of cavalry, the 21st New York Cavalry, and was promoted to colonel. On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Tibbits for appointment to the grade of brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from October 18, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on February 23, 1866. On May 4, 1866, President Johnson nominated Tibbits for appointment to the grade of brevet major general of volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on May 16, 1866.

John Ashley Griswold
John Ashley Griswold (November 18, 1822 – February 22, 1902) was an attorney, judge and politician from Catskill, New York.  He was most notable for his service as a U.S. Representative from 1869 to 1871.
KWHE
KWHE (channel 14) is a religious independent television station in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States. The station is owned by the Family Broadcasting Corporation (formerly known as LeSEA Broadcasting), and maintains studios on Bishop Street in downtown Honolulu; its transmitter is located near Hawaii Pacific University.

KWHE's signal was formerly relayed on two satellite stations: KWHM (channel 21) in Wailuku and KWHD (channel 14) in Hilo. KWHM was sold in 2018 and is now KLEI, a satellite of Telemundo affiliate KFVE; KWHD was sold in 2020 and is now KEKE, a Spanish-language independent.

KWHE, along with KKAI, is one of only two religious stations in the Honolulu market (out of the six licensed to the area, which include KAAH-TV, KALO, KWBN and KUPU) that broadcasts secular programming; KWHE and KKAI, as well as KAAH and KUPU are licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) as commercial outlets.

KKAI
KKAI (channel 50) is a independent television station licensed to Kailua, Hawaii, United States, serving the Hawaiian Islands. It is owned by Bridge Media Networks alongside KUPU (channel 15). KKAI's transmitter is located north of Kailua. Since March 2018, the station is available statewide on Oceanic Spectrum digital channel 50.