hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Fortitude
Two ships and a shore establishment of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Fortitude:

Ships

HMS Fortitude (1780) was a 74-gun third rate launched in 1780. She became a prison ship in 1795, a powder hulk in 1802, and was broken up in 1820.

HMS Fortitude was launched in 1807 as the 74-gun third-rate HMS Cumberland. She became a prison ship in 1830, was renamed Fortitude in 1833, and was sold in 1870.

Shore establishments

HMS Fortitude (shore establishment) was the naval base at Ardrossan, commissioned in 1940 and paid off in 1945.
HMS Fortitude II was the Coastal Forces base at Ardrossan, commissioned in 1941. The base was on the navy list in 1944, but not in 1942.

Coastal Forces of the Royal Navy
Coastal Forces was a division of the Royal Navy initially established during World War I, and then again in World War II under the command of Rear-Admiral, Coastal Forces. It remained active until the last minesweepers to wear the "HM Coastal Forces" cap tally were taken out of reserve in 1968. The division received more gallantry awards than any other branch of the Royal Navy during that period.

In 2020, ministerial approval for the change in name from 1st Patrol Boat Squadron to Coastal Forces Squadron was given. It encompasses 14 of 16 Archer-class patrol vessels and the Batch 1 River-class offshore patrol vessels and is responsible for UKEEZ Protection and Patrol.
Aurora Energy (New Zealand)
Aurora Energy is New Zealand's seventh largest electricity distribution network by customer connections, supplying electricity to 91,600 homes, farms and businesses in Dunedin, Central Otago, and the Queenstown-Lakes District. Aurora Energy is owned by Dunedin City Holdings Limited on behalf of the Dunedin City Council. It is governed by a board of directors.  Its chief executive, Richard Fletcher, joined Aurora in 2018.

Forsyth Barr Stadium
Forsyth Barr Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Dunedin, New Zealand. At various stages of development it was also known as Dunedin Stadium or Awatea Street Stadium, or its non-commercial official name during the 2011 Rugby World Cup and 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup, Otago Stadium. The fully covered stadium is also known colloquially as 'The Glasshouse' due to its resemblance to a horticultural hothouse.

The stadium was opened by New Zealand Prime Minister John Key on 5 August 2011, replacing Carisbrook as the home stadium of the Highlanders team in Super Rugby and the Otago Rugby Football Union team in the domestic Mitre 10 Cup. The stadium hosted four matches of the 2011 Rugby World Cup, and has hosted major music tours, starting in November 2011 with Elton John. The venue hosted multiple matches for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup.
Volčji Potok
Volčji Potok (pronounced [ˈʋoːu̯tʃji ˈpɔːtɔk]; German: Wolfsbach) is a village on a terrace on the left bank of the Kamnik Bistrica River in the Municipality of Kamnik in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

Municipality of Kamnik
The Municipality of Kamnik (pronounced [ˈkaːmnik] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Kamnik) is a municipality in northern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Kamnik. Today it is part of the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It is the 15th-largest municipality by area in Slovenia.
Frédéric-Hector Daigneault
Frédéric-Hector Daigneault (May 19, 1860 – February 26, 1933) was a Canadian provincial politician.

Born in Chambly, Canada East, Daigneault was a member of the Municipal Council for Acton Vale, Quebec for 10 years. He was mayor from 1905 to 1914 and from 1916 to 1918. He was the Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for Bagot from 1900 to 1913.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Order of Ikhamanga
The Order of Ikhamanga is a South African civilian honour that recognises achievements in arts, culture, literature, music, journalism, and sports. Before the order was established on 30 November 2003, such achievements were recognised by the Order of the Baobab. The Order of Ikhamanga is granted by the President of South Africa to South African citizens. Ikhamanga is the Xhosa name for Strelitzia reginae, a flower.

Strelitzia reginae
Strelitzia reginae, commonly known as the crane flower, bird of paradise, or isigude in Nguni, is a species of flowering plant native to the Cape Provinces and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. An evergreen perennial, it is widely cultivated for its dramatic flowers. In temperate areas it is a popular houseplant.
Magnus Lindholmer
Magnus Lindholmer (born 2003) is a Danish athlete who competes in trampoline gymnastics.

He has won medals at the Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships and at the European Trampoline Championships.

Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships
The Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships are the world championships for trampoline gymnastics including double mini trampoline and tumbling. They were originally held annually from 1964–1968. The frequency was switched to biennially from 1970–1998. The admission of trampolining to the Olympic Games required a switch to holding the World Championship as a qualifier in the year before the Olympics from 1999. Since 2010, the World Championships are again held annually, except for Olympic years. This cycle was broken in 2021 when the COVID-19 pandemic forced the delay of the 2020 Summer Olympics by one year.
Hebius sangzhiensis
Hebius sangzhiensis, the Sangzhi keelback snake, is a species of snake of the family Colubridae. It is endemic to Hunan, South Central China. The specific name sangzhiensis refers to its type locality, Sangzhi County.

Sangzhi County
Sangzhi (simplified Chinese: 桑植县; traditional Chinese: 桑植縣; pinyin: Sāngzhí Xiàn) is a county in Hunan Province, China, under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zhangjiajie. Located on the northern margin of Hunan, Sangzhi County is bordered to the east by Cili County, to the south by Yongding and Wulingyuan Districts, to the west by Yongshun and Longshan Counties, and to the north by Xuan'en and Hefeng Counties in Hubei province.

Sangzhi county is home to several ethnic groups, including the Tujia, Miao, and Bai people. The County covers an area of 3,474 square kilometres (1,341 sq mi) and had a population of approximately 479,500 as of 2015. As on 27 November 2015, It was divided into 23 township-level division divisions, with its county seat located in Liyuan Town (澧源镇).
Prest family
William Prest was one of the founding members of the Prest Family of Chilliwack. Their farm was one of the first to farm on the land in Chilliwack. William Prest also married a First Nation woman, Mary “Tata” Benn of what is now Sqwah First Nation, one of the largest communities of Chilliwack's Stó:lō First Nation. From the earliest days of Chilliwack, the Prest Family thus had both settler and First Nation roots. Prest Road, which runs 7.3 kilometres (4.5 mi) south from Yale Road East to Bailey Road, is now one of the most important traffic arteries of Chilliwack and was named after this family.

Old Yale Road
The Old Yale Road is a historic early wagon road between New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada and Yale, British Columbia, and servicing the Fraser Valley of the British Columbia Lower Mainland in the late 19th century and into the early 20th. It eventually became an early highway route for automobiles through the valley and into the British Columbia interior beyond Yale. It would eventually be part of, then surpassed by, the Fraser Highway, the Trans-Canada Highway and the Highway 1.
John Bromley (umpire)
John Bromley (born 30 May 1968) is a New Zealand cricket umpire. He has stood in domestic matches in the 2016–17 Plunket Shield season and the 2016–17 Ford Trophy. He has also umpired in international matches featuring the New Zealand women's cricket team.

2016–17 Ford Trophy
The 2016–17 Ford Trophy was the 46th season of the official List A cricket tournament in New Zealand, and the sixth in a sponsorship deal between New Zealand Cricket and Ford Motor Company. The competition ran from 15 January to 18 February 2017. The final was played between Canterbury and Wellington. Canterbury won the final by 28 runs with Peter Fulton scoring the fastest century in a List A cricket match in New Zealand.
Önder Çengel
Önder Çengel (born 21 July 1982) is a Turkish-Swiss former professional footballer who played as a striker.

At the start of the 2004–05 season, Turkish champion Fenerbahçe tried Önder and Gökhan Inler in the season start training camp in Germany, but coach Christoph Daum declared that both players could not play for Fenerbahçe.

Although wearing shirt no.7, he made only two unused substitute appearances for Diyarbakırspor.pril 2005.

He signed a three-year contract with Gaziantepspor in summer 2007. On 15 February 2007, he signed for FC Winterthur. He is transfer to Karşıyaka in 2008.

Gaziantepspor
Gaziantepspor was a Turkish football club located in the city of Gaziantep. Formed in 1969 and dissolved in 2020, Gaziantepspor were nicknamed the Şahinler (The Falcons). The club colours were black and red, and they played their home matches at New Gaziantep Stadium.
George Basden
Christianity portal

George Thomas Basden OBE FRGS (31 October 1873 – 30 December 1944) was  Archdeacon of the Niger from 1926 until 1936.

He was educated at the CMS College, Islington and Durham University. He was ordained in 1901 and was at Onitsha from 1902 until 1908. He was the Principal at Awka from 1908 until 1926 before his appointment as Archdeacon; and Rector of Jevington afterwards.

Willingdon and Jevington
Willingdon and Jevington is a civil parish in the Wealden District of East Sussex, England. The two villages lie one mile (1.6 km) south of Polegate. Willingdon is part of the built-up area which is Eastbourne, and lies on the main A22 road, whilst Jevington is on a minor road leading to Friston. In 2011 the parish had a population of 7440. The civil parish was formed on 1 April 1999 from "Jevington" and "Willingdon" parishes. Under the name of Willingdon it is also an electoral ward.
Bivar
Bivar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antônio Bivar (1939–2020), Brazilian writer and playwright

David Bivar (1926–2015), British numismatist and archaeologist

Luciano Bivar (born 1944), Brazilian politician and businessman

Luciano Bivar
Luciano Caldas Bivar (born 29 November 1944) is a Brazilian politician and businessman. He is current a Deputy for Pernambuco as well as leader of the Brazil Union. Previously he was Social Liberal Party presidential candidate for the 2006 Brazilian general election. He received 0.06% of the total vote and did not progress to the second round. He was President of the Social Liberal Party from 2018 until it merged with the Democrats to become the Brazil Union.

Born in Recife, Bivar was the president of Sport Club do Recife from 1989 to 1990, from 1997 to 2001, from 2005 to 2006, and in 2013.
Interest rate derivative
In finance, an interest rate derivative (IRD) is a derivative whose payments are determined through calculation techniques where the underlying benchmark product is an interest rate, or set of different interest rates. There are a multitude of different interest rate indices that can be used in this definition.

IRDs are popular with all financial market participants given the need for almost any area of finance to either hedge or speculate on the movement of interest rates.

Modeling of interest rate derivatives is usually done on a time-dependent multi-dimensional lattice ("tree") or using specialized simulation models. Both are calibrated to the underlying risk drivers, usually domestic or foreign short rates and foreign exchange market rates, and incorporate delivery- and day count conventions. The Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework is often used instead of short rates.

Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework
The Heath–Jarrow–Morton (HJM) framework is a general framework to model the evolution of interest rate curves – instantaneous forward rate curves in particular (as opposed to simple forward rates). When the volatility and drift of the instantaneous forward rate are assumed to be deterministic, this is known as the Gaussian Heath–Jarrow–Morton (HJM) model of forward rates.: 394  For direct modeling of simple forward rates the Brace–Gatarek–Musiela model represents an example.

The HJM framework originates from the work of David Heath, Robert A. Jarrow, and Andrew Morton in the late 1980s, especially Bond pricing and the term structure of interest rates: a new methodology (1987) – working paper, Cornell University, and Bond pricing and the term structure of interest rates: a new methodology (1989) – working paper (revised ed.), Cornell University. It has its critics, however, with Paul Wilmott describing it as "...actually just a big rug for [mistakes] to be swept under".
Prime Standard
The Prime Standard is a market segment of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange that includes companies which comply with transparency standards higher than those of the General Standard, which is regulated by law. The Prime Standard includes quarterly reporting as well as ad hoc disclosure in German and English, application of international accounting standards (IFRS/IAS or US-GAAP), publication of a financial calendar and staging of at least one analyst conference per year. Companies must satisfy the requirements of the Prime Standard to be listed in the DAX, MDAX, TecDAX and SDAX.

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (United States)
The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are the set of default accounting standards used by companies based in the United States.

Published and maintained by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), the Accounting Standards Codification outlines the specific and authoritative rules governing GAAP for non-governmental organisations. GAAP sources of law for government agencies and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registrants are found in federal securities law and SEC directions.

Since 2008, the FASB has published U.S. GAAP in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL).
Muzammil Murtaza
Muzammil Murtaza (born 12 November 1999), is Pakistani tennis player. He won the silver medal at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games as a member of the Pakistani team in a men's team event.

Murtaza has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 1,365 achieved on 30 July 2018 and a doubles ranking of No. 1,100 achieved on 8 December 2025.

Murtaza has represented Pakistan in Davis Cup, where he has a win-loss record of 0–8.

He participated at the 2018 Asian Games on men's doubles with Muhammad Abid and mixed doubles with Sarah Mahboob Khan.

Tennis at the 2018 Asian Games – Mixed doubles
The mixed doubles tennis event at the 2018 Asian Games took place at the Tennis Court of Jakabaring Sport City, Palembang, Indonesia from 19 to 25 August 2018.

Sania Mirza and Saketh Myneni were the defending champions, however both players chose not to compete. Aldila Sutjiadi and Christopher Rungkat won the gold medal, defeating Luksika Kumkhum and Sonchat Ratiwatana in the final. Anna Danilina and Aleksandr Nedovyesov, and Erina Hayashi and Kaito Uesugi won the bronze medals.
SolaWash
SolaWash is an automated and mobile hand washing machine powered by solar panels. It was invented by Richard Kwarteng and his team in Kumasi, Ghana. The Solar Wash machine was invited to fight against  the novel coronavirus pandemic by not touching the tap before and after washing hands. Richard Kwarteng said he took inspiration from the veronica bucket when he and his team was inventing the solar wash.

Veronica bucket
The Veronica bucket is a mechanism for hand washing originating in Ghana which consists of a bucket of water with a tap fixed at the bottom, mounted at hand height, and a bowl underneath to collect waste water. The Veronica bucket was developed by Veronica Bekoe. The Veronica bucket serves as a simple way to encourage proper hand washing using flowing water. Bekoe in an interview stated that the bucket was originally made to help her and her colleagues wash their hands under running water after each lab session. She said, "We are used to washing hands in a bowl with others washing in the same water, which will do more harm than good." These colleagues were contaminating their hands rather than decontaminating them. In addition to the COVID-related benefit of hand washing, the Veronica bucket is also essential for areas where potable water is not readily available.
PivotPoint Technology Corporation
PivotPoint Technology Corporation is a software and systems engineering services company headquartered in Fallbrook, California. PivotPoint was founded in 2003 by Cris Kobryn, a noted expert in visual modeling languages and model-driven development technologies. PivotPoint is best known for its model-driven development consulting and training services, the latter which feature UML, SysML, BPMN and DoDAF workshops. PivotPoint is a founding member and a major contributor to the SysML Partners, the group of software tool vendors and industry leaders that convened in 2003 to create a UML dialect for systems engineering called SysML (Systems Modeling Language). In June 2007 the SysML Partners were named a winner in the Modeling category of the SD Times 100, which recognizes the leaders and innovators of the software development industry.

Fallbrook, California
Fallbrook is a census-designated place in northern San Diego County, California. It had a population of 32,267 at the 2020 census. Fallbrook is immediately east of the U.S. Marine Corps' Camp Pendleton. It is known for its avocado groves and calls itself the "Avocado Capital of the World".
Duke Energy Building
The Duke Energy Building (formerly the Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company Building) is a historic, 18-story, 269-foot-tall (82 m) structure in Cincinnati, Ohio. It was designed by Cincinnati architectural firm Garber & Woodward and John Russell Pope.

John Russell Pope
John Russell Pope (April 24, 1874 – August 27, 1937) was an American architect whose firm is widely known for designing major public buildings, including the National Archives and Records Administration building (completed in 1935), the Jefferson Memorial (completed in 1943) and the West Building of the National Gallery of Art (completed in 1941), all in Washington, D.C.
United Kingdom intellectual property law
United Kingdom intellectual property law is a part of English property law which concerns the rights of intangible but valuable information or rights. It covers in particular:

United Kingdom trade mark law

Copyright law of the United Kingdom

United Kingdom patent law

Patent infringement under United Kingdom law
In the United Kingdom, a patent provides its proprietor with the right to exclude others from utilizing the invention claimed in that patent.  Should a person utilize that invention, without the permission of the patent proprietor, they may infringe that patent.
DXNU-TV
DXNU-TV channel 51 is a UHF television station owned by Information Broadcast Unlimited (IBU) and operated by Breakthrough and Milestones Productions International (BMPI), the network's content provider and marketing arm and Christian religious organization Members Church of God International (MCGI). The station's Studio and transmitter are located at the Progressive Southern Mindanao Complex, Shrine Hills, Matina, Davao City, Davao del Sur Province, Mindanao, Philippines, Its operated daily from 12:00 midnight to 8:00 P.M. for the Mindanao regions only.

Davao del Sur
Davao del Sur (Cebuano: Habagatang Dabaw; Filipino: Katimugang Davao), officially the Province of Davao del Sur (Cebuano: Lalawigan sa Habagatang Dabaw, Lalawigan sa Davao del Sur; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Katimugang Davao, Lalawigan ng Davao del Sur), is a province in the Philippines located in the Davao Region in Mindanao. Its capital is Digos. Davao City is the largest city in terms of area and population within the province's jurisdiction, yet it is administratively independent from the province; as such, Davao City is only grouped for geographical and statistical purposes and serves as the regional center of Davao Region.

The province is bounded by Davao del Norte to the north, Davao Occidental to the south-east, Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat to the west, South Cotabato and Sarangani to the south-west, and Davao Gulf to the east.
Cowdray Club
The British Cowdray Club (originally known as The Nation's Nurses and Professional Women's Club) was founded in 1922 by Annie Pearson, Viscountess Cowdray and founding members of the Royal College of Nursing. The membership was to be made up of 55% nurses, 35% professional women, and 10% "suitable women".

The Club was based at 20 Cavendish Square, London, and remained in existence until 1974, when it merged with the Naval and Military Club in Piccadilly.

Naval and Military Club
The Naval and Military Club, known informally as The In & Out, is a private members' club located in St James's Square, London. It was founded in 1862 for officers of the Navy and Army. It now also accepts female members, and members who have not served in the armed forces, but continues to observe service traditions.
Pauper statues
Pauper statues (Finnish: vaivaisukko, Swedish: fattiggubbe) are alms boxes in the form of carved wooden statues on the outside walls of Lutheran churches in Finland and in Sweden. The statues represent poor and often disabled men or veterans begging for alms. The figures usually have a small metal box inside and a slot in the chest for inserting coins. They were used from the 17th to 19th century for collecting money for the poor.

Poor box
A poor box, alms box,  offertory box, or mite box is a box that is used to collect coins for charitable purposes. They can be found in most Christian churches built before the 19th century and were the main source of funds for poor relief.

Contemporary mite boxes are usually made of cardboard and given out to church congregations during the Lenten season.  The mite boxes are collected by the church, and the donations are given to the poor. Mite boxes are popular with children because they can fill them with small change, teaching them the principle of giving alms to the poor. The Mite box promotes the spirit of contributing based on the intent to help others, and not on the monetary amount.
Mick Giacchino
Michael George "Mick" Giacchino Jr. is an American composer who works in television and film scoring. He received a Primetime Emmy Award for his music to the HBO-DC Comics drama The Penguin.

Giacchino is the son of music composer Michael Giacchino, and the nephew of documentary filmmaker Anthony Giacchino.

Giacchino's credits include Disney+'s Star Wars: Skeleton Crew, the musical comedy The Muppets Mayhem, and AMC+'s western drama That Dirty Black Bag.

He began working in television scoring with Jim Henson's Turkey Hollow in 2015, and has since contributed to animated and live-action productions including Disney's Zootopia+, Netflix's feature Extinct, and the Netflix series The Curious Creations of Christine McConnell. He also worked on additional music for The Batman.

Outside of screen work, Giacchino has released original instrumental music, debuting with his 2021 EP Perseverance.

That Dirty Black Bag
That Dirty Black Bag is a Spaghetti Western television series created by Mauro Aragoni, Silvia Ebreul and Marcello Izzo for AMC+. It features an ensemble cast led by Dominic Cooper, Travis Fimmel and Aidan Gillen. The eight-part series was filmed in Italy, Spain and Morocco, and it premiered on March 10, 2022.