hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John McCrady
John McCrady (September 11, 1911 – December 24, 1968) was a Louisiana painter and printmaker. McCrady was born in Canton, Mississippi and was raised in the American South. After winning a scholarship from the Art Students League of New York for his "Portrait of a Negro," McCrady studied art with Thomas Hart Benton and Kenneth Hayes Miller. McCrady went on to become one of the best-known twentieth-century southern artists and was known for depicting scenes from the South, particularly images of southern African Americans.  He also founded the McCrady Art School in 1942 on Bourbon Street in New Orleans.

Oxford, Mississippi
Oxford is the 14th most populous city in Mississippi, United States, and the county seat of Lafayette County, 75 miles (121 km) southeast of Memphis. A college town, Oxford surrounds the University of Mississippi or "Ole Miss". Founded in 1837, the city is named after Oxford, England.

Purchasing the land from a Chickasaw, pioneers founded Oxford in 1837. In 1841, the Mississippi State Legislature selected it as the site of the state's first university, Ole Miss. Oxford is also the hometown of Nobel Prize-winning novelist William Faulkner, and served as the inspiration for his fictional Jefferson in Yoknapatawpha County. Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar, who served as a US Supreme Court Justice and Secretary of the Interior, also lived and is buried in Oxford.

At the 2020 US Census, the population was 25,416.
South Fork Swan River
South Fork Swan River is a tributary of the Swan River in Summit County, Colorado. The stream flows northwest from a source near Georgia Pass in the Arapaho National Forest to a confluence with the Middle Fork Swan River that forms the Swan River.

Summit County, Colorado
Summit County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,055, and was estimated to be 30,882 in 2024. The county seat of Breckenridge. Summit County comprises the Breckenridge, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Badal Roy (footballer)
Badal Roy (4 July 1957 – 22 November 2020) was a Bangladeshi footballer. He was an attacking midfielder for the Mohammedan Sporting Club during the 1980s, at a time when the club was battling for supremacy against Abahani Krira Chakra on the Bangladeshi football scene. He played for Mohammedan for the entirety of his club career from 1977 until 1989, winning the title five times. He also played for the Bangladesh national football team from 1981 to 1986.

Roy later served as the vice-president of Bangladesh Football Federation for 3 terms from 2008 to 2020. He was also a vice-president of Bangladesh Olympic Association.

Roy won the National Sports Award in 2009.

Federation Cup (Bangladesh)
The Federation Cup, also known as the Bangladesh Federation Cup, is Bangladesh's premier cup competition in men's association football. The competition started in 1980 and is run by the Bangladesh Football Federation which is responsible for all types of competitive matches in the country. The teams from the country's premier league and other permitted clubs compete in the tournament while occasionally Indian sides were invited in the past. Usually games are played in the neutral venues.
Sunchon National University
Sunchon National University (SCNU; Korean: 국립순천대학교, colloquially Suncheondae) is a national research university founded in 1935, located in Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, South Korea.

SCNU composes six colleges and five professional schools, and a student body of about 26,000. College of Life Science and Natural Resources, College of Social Sciences, College of Humanities and Arts, College of Engineering, College of Education, and College of Pharmacy.

Also various and differentiated programs such as human resources exchanges with overseas leading universities, global overseas training, overseas culture expedition, etc. The university maintains an undergraduate exchange program with the University of Sheffield, University of Oklahoma, and University of Missouri.

Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.
San Jacinto River (California)
The San Jacinto River is a 42-mile-long (68 km) river in Riverside County, California. The river's headwaters are in Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument. The lower portion of the 765-square-mile (1,980 km2) watershed is urban and agricultural land. As a partially endorheic watershed that is contiguous with other Great Basin watersheds, the western side of the San Jacinto Basin is a portion of the Great Basin Divide.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Hymenocallis henryae
Hymenocallis henryae is a rare plant known only from 4 counties in northwestern Florida (Liberty, Gulf, Bay, and Walton). Common names include "green spider-lily" and "Henry’s spider-lily."

The plant is a bulb-forming herb found along cypress depressions at the edge of pine woodlands. It is distinguished from other members of the genus by its pale green tepals and its white funnel-form corona.

Liberty County, Florida
Liberty County is a county located in the state of Florida, part of the Big Bend region. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,974, making it the least populous county in Florida. Its county seat is Bristol. Torreya State Park  and the Apalachicola National Forest are located within the county. The Apalachicola River runs through the county as well. Liberty County is the only dry county in Florida as Lafayette County prohibits bars, but not retail sale of beer.
Cyclophoroidea
Cyclophoroidea  is a superfamily of land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropods within the order Architaenioglossa, that belongs to the subclass Caenogastropoda. Approximately 3,675 cyclophoroid species were known as of 2024, making them the second-most diverse clade of land snails after Stylommatophora.

These terrestrial gastropods have lost the ctenidium (comb-like respiratory apparatus) and osphradium, and the pallial cavity has been modified as a lung.

Cyclophoroids have detritivorous or herbivorous diets.

Cyclophoroids probably originated in the Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous based on molecular clock estimates. Several fossil species are known from Burmese amber that dates to the mid-Cretaceous, approximately 99 million years ago.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1967
The United Kingdom was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1967 with the song "Puppet on a String", written by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter, and performed by Sandie Shaw. The British participating broadcaster, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), selected its entry through a national final titled A Song for Europe 1967, after having previously selected the performer internally. The entry eventually won the Eurovision Song Contest.

Phil Coulter
Philip Coulter (born 19 February 1942) is an Irish musician, songwriter and record producer from Derry, Northern Ireland. He was awarded the Gold Badge from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors in October 2009.

Coulter has amassed 23 platinum discs, 39 gold discs, 52 silver discs, two Grand Prix Eurovision awards; five Ivor Novello Awards, which includes Songwriter of the Year; three American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers awards; a Grammy Nomination; a Meteor Award, a National Entertainment Award and a Rose d'or d'Antibes. He is one of the biggest record sellers in the island of Ireland.

His well known songs include "The Town I Loved So Well", "Puppet on a String" and "Congratulations".
William Birkbeck (British Army officer)
Major-General Sir William Henry Birkbeck,  KCB, CMG (8 April 1863 – 16 April 1929) was a British Army officer and administrator. He served in the Second Boer War and First World War, and was the director of remounts at British Army Headquarters from 1912 to 1920.

Half-pay
Half-pay (h.p.) was a term used in the British Army and Royal Navy of the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries to refer to the pay or allowance an officer received when in retirement or not in actual service.
2022 International GT Open
The 2022 International GT Open was the seventeenth season of the International GT Open, the grand tourer-style sports car racing series founded in 2006 by the Spanish GT Sport Organización. It began on 1 May at the Circuito do Estoril and ended at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya on 16 October after seven rounds of two races each.

International GT Open
The International GT Open is a grand tourer-style sports car racing series founded in 2006 by the Spanish GT Sport Organización.  It was a spin-off of the now-defunct Spanish GT Championship, but is now a distinct series featuring FIA GT3-spec cars modified from production road cars.
Hungaroton
Hungaroton is the oldest record label and music publishing company in Hungary.

Hungaroton was founded in 1951, when its only competitors in the Hungarian music market were record labels like Melodiya, Supraphon and Eterna from other socialist countries. Previously called Qualiton Records, its name was changed to Hungaroton in the mid-1960s, though the Qualiton brand remained as a label for operetta and gypsy music releases. Also new popular music, rock and jazz labels (Pepita, Bravó, and Krém) were founded.

In the early 1990s the massive import of foreign records caused a serious decrease in Hungaroton's sales. Although the original company went into liquidation, new and smaller companies arose on the ruins of Hungaroton. The Hungaroton Gong and Hungaroton Classic companies went private in 1995, and were reunited in 1998 under the name Hungaroton Records Publisher Ltd.

Nowadays it publishes approximately 150 new records per year, half of it classical and half of it popular music.

Gypsy style
The term Romani style refers to the way Eastern European music is played in coffeehouses and restaurants, at parties, and sometimes on-stage in European cities. Music played in this style differs from actual Romani music played by Romani and Sinti people, many of whom regard the term "gypsy" as a slur when applied to their community.

It consists mainly of instrumentals and usually performed by strings, except in the Romanian variant where the pan flute is the main instrument. The accompaniment may be executed by various instruments, but by preference includes a cimbalom and a double bass.
1950 SEC men's basketball tournament
The 1950 SEC men's basketball tournament took place March 2–4, 1950 in Louisville, Kentucky at the Jefferson County Armory. It was the seventeenth SEC tournament.

Kentucky won the tournament championship game by beating Tennessee, 95–58. The Wildcats would play in the 1950 National Invitation Tournament, losing to eventual champion CCNY in the second round. No SEC teams were invited to the 1950 NCAA tournament.

The 1950 tournament was the final edition which awarded its winner the SEC Championship. Starting in 1951, the SEC played a round robin schedule and awarded its conference championship to the team with the best regular season record.

Louisville Gardens
Louisville Gardens is a multi-purpose, 6,000-seat arena, in Louisville, Kentucky, that opened in 1905, as the Jefferson County Armory. It celebrated its 100th anniversary as former city mayor Jerry Abramson's official "Family-Friendly New Years Eve" celebration location. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Meshkatolzahra Safi
Meshkatolzahra Safi (Persian: مشکات‌الزهرا صفی, born 5 August 2004) is an Iranian tennis player who became the first Iranian woman to win a match in a Grand Slam, competed at 2022 Australian Open – Girls' singles, 2022 Australian Open – Girls' doubles and 2022 French Open – Girls' singles.

She also missed out playing at Wimbledon 2022 after failing to grand a visa in time.

Safi also became the first Iranian under-100 ITF junior ranked female player in the history, holds a career high ITF Junior Ranking of 69 achieved on 21 March 2022.

2022 Australian Open – Girls' doubles
Clervie Ngounoue and Diana Shnaider defeated Kayla Cross and Victoria Mboko in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the girls' doubles title at the 2022 Australian Open.

Alex Eala and Priska Madelyn Nugroho were the defending champions, but Nugroho was no longer eligible to participate in junior events, whilst Eala chose not to participate.
Inductive logic programming
Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a subfield of symbolic artificial intelligence which uses logic programming as a uniform representation for examples, background knowledge and hypotheses. The term "inductive" here refers to philosophical (i.e. suggesting a theory to explain observed facts) rather than mathematical (i.e. proving a property for all members of a well-ordered set) induction. Given an encoding of the known background knowledge and a set of examples represented as a logical database of facts, an ILP system will derive a hypothesised logic program which entails all the positive and none of the negative examples.

Schema: positive examples + negative examples + background knowledge ⇒ hypothesis.

Inductive logic programming is particularly useful in bioinformatics and natural language processing.

Ground expression
In mathematical logic, a ground term of a formal system is a term that does not contain any variables. Similarly, a ground formula is a formula that does not contain any variables.

In first-order logic with identity with constant symbols  and , the sentence  is a ground formula. A ground expression is a ground term or ground formula.
Pandemis lamprosana
Pandemis lamprosana, the woodgrain leafroller moth, is a species of moth of the  family Tortricidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from the north-eastern United States, Quebec and Ontario.

The length of the forewings is 8-10.5 mm for males and 9.5–12 mm for females. Adults are on wing from late June to July in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on the leaves of various deciduous trees, including Acer rubrum, Acer saccharinum, Acer spicatum, Betula alleghaniensis, Betula papyrifera, Ostrya virginiana, Gleditsia triacanthos, Fagus species, Quercus species (including Quercus rubra), Hamamelis species, Sassafras species, Fraxinus species (including Fraxinus americana), Platanus species, Prunus virginiana, Populus tremuloides, Tilia americana, Ulmus americana and Ulmus rubra. Full-grown larvae reach a length of about 20 mm.

Ostrya virginiana
Ostrya virginiana, the American hophornbeam, is a species of Ostrya native to eastern North America, from Nova Scotia west to southern Manitoba and eastern Wyoming, southeast to northern Florida and southwest to eastern Texas. Populations from Mexico and Central America are also regarded as the same species, although some authors prefer to separate them as a distinct species, Ostrya guatemalensis. Other names include eastern hophornbeam, hardhack (in New England), ironwood, and leverwood.
CGU
CGU may be:

Canadian Geophysical Union, a Canadian learned society

CGU plc, a British insurance company

CGU Insurance, an Australian insurance company

Chang Gung University in Taiwan

Christelijk Gymnasium Utrecht

Claremont Graduate University in California in the United States

Compostela Group of Universities, a European university network

Office of the Inspector General (Brazil), abbreviated CGU in Portuguese

a codon for the amino acid arginine

a cash generating unit, an IFRS accounting term

Compostela Group of Universities
The Compostela Group of Universities (CGU) is an international non-profit association that promotes and executes collaboration projects between institutions of higher education.

It currently has 67 full members, 2 associate members and 9 mutual membership agreements with institutions from 27 different countries.
Katarina Vuković
Katarina Vuković, from the medieval Bosnian noble lineage of Hrvatinić, was the second wife of Grand Duke of Bosnia, Sandalj Hranić.

Katarina was the daughter of the Hungarian-Croatian ban Vuk Vukčić from the Bosnian noble family of Hrvatinić. Her uncle was the famous Bosnian Grand Duke Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić. Her mother was Banness Anka, and her sister was Jelena, married to Sandalj's brother, Knyaz Vuk Hranić.

Katarina married Sandalj Hranić in the spring of 1405, when her sister Jelena married Sandalj's brother Knyaz Vuk Hranić. Katarina's marriage to Sandalj existed as a result of political ties between Hrvatinić and Kosača noble families. Katarina, her mother Anka, and Duke Sandalj Hranić kept their property in a deposit in Dubrovnik. The marriage between Katarina and Sandalj broke up during 1410–1411, when good relations between Hrvatinićs and Kosačas soured.

Ban (title)
Ban (/ˈbɑːn/) was the title of local rulers or officeholders, similar to viceroy, used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 20th centuries. The most common examples have been found in medieval Croatia and medieval regions ruled and influenced by the Kingdom of Hungary. They often ruled as the king's governmental representatives, supreme military commanders and judges, and in 18th century Croatia, even as chief government officials. In the Banate of Bosnia they were always de facto supreme rulers.
Mappia
Mappia is a genus of shrubs in the family Icacinaceae. There are eleven species (including Nothapodytes Blume) occurring in Central America, the West Indies and Asia. The type species for the genus is Mappia racemosa Jacquin. Some research has been shown that it has an effective anti cancer property against breast cancer .

Leretia cordata has been included in Mappia by some authors. The name "Mappia" has been used for Cunila and for Doliocarpus guianensis (synonym: Soramia guianensis). Both of these uses of the name "Mappia" are nomina rejecta.

Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin
Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin (16 February 1727 – 26 October 1817) was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany. He travelled to the West Indies as part of an Austrian expedition and collected a large number of botanical specimens and described many species. He served as the first professor of chemistry in the mining academy at Schemnitz in Austria and later worked at the University of Vienna. He was the father of the botanist Joseph Franz von Jacquin.
Fairfax Line
The Fairfax Line was a surveyor's line run in 1746 to establish the limits of the "Northern Neck land grant," also known as the "Fairfax Grant", in colonial Virginia.

The land grant, first contrived in 1649, encompassed all lands bounded by the Potomac and Rappahannock Rivers, an area of 5,282,000 acres (21,380 km2). By 1719, the lands had been inherited by Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693–1781). By that time, the question of the boundaries of the designated lands had also become highly contentious. In 1745 it was decided that a line between the sources of the North Branch Potomac River and the Rappahannock River would constitute the western limit of Lord Fairfax's lands.

New Market, Virginia
New Market is a town in Shenandoah County, Virginia, United States. Founded as a small crossroads trading town in the Shenandoah Valley, it has a population of 2,155 as of the most recent 2020 U.S. census. The north–south U.S. 11 and the east–west U.S. 211 pass near it and cross Massanutten Mountain at the town's titular gap.

It is home to the New Market Shockers of the Rockingham County Baseball League, the New Market Rebels of the Valley Baseball League, the Schultz Theatre and School of Performing Arts, and the Shenvalee Golf Course. The town is known for having been the site in 1864 of the last major Confederate victory in the American Civil War.
Presses de l'Université de Montréal
Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal (PUM) is a university press founded in 1962 and associated with the University of Montreal. Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal is a member of the Association of Canadian University Presses.

University press
A  university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. They are often an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by scholars in the field. They produce mainly academic works but also often have trade books for a lay audience. These trade books also get peer reviewed. Many but not all university presses are nonprofit organizations, including the 160 members of the Association of University Presses.

Because scholarly books are mostly unprofitable, university presses may also publish textbooks and reference works, which tend to have larger audiences and sell more copies. Most university presses operate at a loss and are subsidized by their owners; others are required to break even. Demand has fallen as library budgets are cut and the online sales of used books undercut the new book market. Many presses are experimenting with electronic publishing.
The Bells of Dublin
The Bells of Dublin is a 1991 album of Christmas songs and traditional carols by the Irish band The Chieftains. The album features guest performances by various artists, including Elvis Costello, Jackson Browne, Kate & Anna McGarrigle, Marianne Faithfull, Nanci Griffith, Rickie Lee Jones and the actor Burgess Meredith.

Writing in the album's liner notes, Paddy Moloney said, "These recording sessions hold special memories for The Chieftains and myself, and bring together all the colours of this festive season."

Christmas carol
A Christmas carol is a carol (a song or hymn) on the theme of Christmas, traditionally sung at Christmas itself or during the surrounding Christmas and holiday season. The term noel has sometimes been used, especially for carols of French origin. Christmas carols may be regarded as a subset of the broader category of Christmas music.
The Adventures of Ben Gunn
The Adventures of Ben Gunn is a 1956 adventure novel by the British writer R.F. Delderfield. It is a prequel to Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island.

In 1958 it was adapted into a BBC television series of the same title starring Peter Wyngarde and Rupert Davies.

Rupert Davies
Rupert Lisburn Gwynne Davies FRSA (22 May 1916 – 22 November 1976) was a British actor best remembered for playing the title role in the BBC's 1960s television adaptation of Maigret, based on Georges Simenon's novels.